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THE ANNALS

AND

AGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY,

| { i, ' \| ey ul

INCLUDING

Leys PL) | |

ZOOLOGY, BOTANY, ann GEOLOGY.

(BEING A CONTINUATION OF THE ‘ANNALS’ COMBINED WITH LOUDON AND

CHARLESWORTH’S ‘ MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY.’)

CONDUCTED BY

LBERT C. L. G. GUNTHER, M.A., M.D., Ph.D., F.R.S.,

WILLIAM CARRUTHERS, F.R.S., F.L.S., F.G.S.,

AND

WILLIAM FRANCIS, sun., F.L.S.

a PLDI FFL A

VOL. VIIIL—SEVENTH SERIES.

ett OO

LONDON:

PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS.

SOLD BY SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, HAMILTON, KENT, AND CO., LD.

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AND ASHER, BERLIN,

TOON.

“Omnes res create sunt divine sapientie et potentix testes, divitix felicitatis

humane :—ex harum usu Jonitas Creatoris; ex pulchritudine sapzentia Domini;

ex ceconomia in conservatione, proportione, renovatione, potentia majestatis

elucet. Earuin itaque /indagatio ab hominibus sibi relictis semper xstimata ;

a veré eruditis et sapientibus semper exculta; malé doctis et barbaris semper

ininica fuit.”—Linnzes.

“Quel que soit le principe de la vie animale, il ne faut qu’ouvrir les yeux pour

voir qu’elle est le chef-d’ceuvre de la Toute-puissance, et le but auquel se rappor-

tent toutes ses opérations.”—BruckneEr, Théorie du Systéme Animal, Leyden,

1767.

Seer eh eer see se hhesyLyanepowers

Obey our.summons; from their deepest dells

The Dryads come, and throw their garlands wild

And odorous branches at our feet; the Nymphs

That press with nimble step the mountain-thyme

And purple heath-flower come not empty-handed,

But scatter round ten thousand forms minute

Of velvet moss or lichen, torn from rock

Or rifted oak or cavern deep: the Naiads too

Quit their loved native stream, from whose smooth face

They crop the lily, and each sedge and rush

That drinks the rippling tide: the frozen poles,

Where peril waits the bold adventurer’s tread,

The burning sands of Borneo and Cayenne,

All, all to us unlock their secret stores

And pay their cheerful tribute.

J. Taytor, Norwich, 1818,

AUBRE FLAMMAM.

CONTENTS OF VOL, VIII.

(SEVENTH SERIES. ]

NUMBER XLIUI.

I. Notes on the Recent Literature of Japanese Land-Snails. Ry

Dr. Henry A. Pirssry, Special Curator of the Department oi

Mollusca, Academy cf Natural Sciences of Philadelphia ..........

II. Descriptions of Three new Siluroid Fishes of the Genus Syno-

dontis discovered by Mr. W. L. S. Loat in the White Nile. By

ERCP ES TENG Rite cR URS ee Une SoS SS. ies Seis aes ve 8

IIL. Diagnoses of Four new Fishes discovered by Mr. J. E.S.

Moore in Lakes Albert and Albert Edward. By G. A. BouLENGER,

ESY Sate ee

IV. On the Occurrence of Sudmo macrostigma in Sardinia. By

Se Ae LE TER TO So oe re ee ee

V. Description of a new Lizard from the Gaboon. By G. A.

apa PUGLEDISR TICES AS Sm ck Coin (haba fen care Gi gia wale Vohew ia 6 SKS

VI. New Genera and Species of Eastern and Australian Moths.

By Colonel C: Swinzosr, M.A., F.LS., &e.

VII. Some new African Bats (including one from the Azores) and

anew Galago, By OLDFIELD THOMAS .... 6. sce

VIII. The Rutelid Genus Adoredocia and a new Allied Form.

By Givsert J. ARROW

Co ek oe Pe Rs Ui Yh te To UW Elk Sh es YK

IX. New Species of Nectuide from Tropical America. By W.

BEHAUS, EZ. - 2.0.5 68 SRS as yee a ee en doe Ve ene eek

X. The New Mexico Coccide of the Genus Ripersia. By T. D. A.

CocKERELL

XI. On a Collection of Butterflies made by George Migeod, Esq.,

in Northern Nigeria between September 1899 and January 100.

eae eae a WU TIGRE EMA Sos. ye ete ee Oe se coms we

XII. On a few Undescribed Rhynchota. By W. L. Distant

XIII. Descriptions of Brazilian Coccide. By AvotpH HEMPEL,

S. Paulo, Brazil

SIAN UNE el Slee, wi 4) b RLe al ele) BSS 68.) 0) ecu, BOG Shee eer eee Ge SIU k ef

New Books :—Studies in Fossil Botany. By DuxinFizi.p HENRY

Scort, M.A., Ph.D., F.RS., F.LS., F.G.8., Honorary Keeper

of the Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Gardeus, Kew.—First Records

of British Flowering Vlants. Compiled by Wuioi1ram A.

ROEUENT ce aE T PE a ae ine co: Litany sO aS actos 12 —

Page

it

1v CONTENTS.

On the Dates of Publication of the ‘Histoire naturelle générale et

particuliére des Mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles’ and the

‘Tableaux systématiques des Animaux mollusques,’ by the

Rarons Férussac and (@. P. Deshayes: by ©. Davies Sheena,

E'Z:S. &e., and B: B. Woodward, F.L:S.\&e.......2.. 2...

NUMBER XLIV.

XIV. New Species of Noctuide from Tropical America. By W.

SGEVATUIS EZ © i cece ausrelactub eat cs ara, bp evecare ra

XV. Descriptions of Brazilian Coceide. By ADoLPH HEMPEL,

Si BanlorgBrazal sce. ies. Sie es a nisl ss Oo Sac cena eters Ae

XVI. Onasmall Collection of Butterflies from the Kikuyu Country

and Mombasa made by the Rev. K. St. Aubyn Rogers. By ARTHUR

GeBuriER. PHD ees 5 Ge /5 oe win RO ee ee ee

XVII. On a new Bat from Borneo. By R. SHetrorp, M.A.,

@uretor ofthe Sarawale Museums. n eee oF cle eee inee

XVIII. Description of a new Fish of the Family Cichkde from

the French Congo. By G: A] Bourmnenr, PRs.) 9o0550- see

XIX. Descriptions of Three new Genera and Seven new Species

of Hymenoptera from Eastern Asia and Australia. By P. CAMERON.

XX. New and little-known Moths from India and Australia. Ry

ColonelC :S WwINnHoE NICS S US a0: Chain waren en iar eerie

XXI. On a Collection of Mammals from the Kanuku Mountains,

British Guiana, By OLD McsLD LEON AS hehe Sar ners ae ie one 13

XXII. List of small Mammals obtained by Mr. A. E. Pease, M.P.,

during his recent Expedition to Abyssinia, with Descriptions of Three

new Forms of Macroscelides. By OLpFretp Tuomas, F.R.S.

XXII. Description of a new Species of Chloritis from the Loo-

Choo Islands'y) By Gale (Gunn ck) 7. Seen eee

New Bovk :—Cours de Botanique :—Anatomie: Physiologie; Classi-

fication; Applications agricoles, industrielles, médicales; Mor-

phologie expérimentale ; Géographie botanique: Paléontologie :

Historique. Par MM. Gaston Bonnirr et LEcLERC bu

SY) 10) Si heh ieee a PEPER, a 5n 6% s gistedicie' 0 of. gad G0 6 6 Wn

Proceedings of the Geological Society ...........--.5-51505: 159,

On Apus and Branchipus from Armenia, by H. O. Cavalier; Voluta

Smitht, new Name to replace that of V. wniplicata (pre-

occupied), by G. B. Sowerby, F.L.S. Dates of Publication of

the Zoological and Be tanical portions of some French V OAS ES

Part IL. Ferret and Galinier’s ‘ Voyage en Abyssinie’; Le-

febvre’s ‘ Voyage en Aby ssinie’; ‘ Exploration emia de

V Algérie’ ; Casteluau’s ‘ Amérique du Sud’; &c.: by C. Davies

Sherborn, F. Z.5., and B. B. Woodward, F..S. &ce......- 160,

Page

100

iil

114

116

123

154

157

1cO

161

CONTENTS. Vv

NUMBER XLV,

Page

XXIV. New Species of Syntomide and Arctiade. By Sir G. F.

IME SONATE Ats Ot cto « pitiay shes a) es dincnnt scopy le ace aia ete eieta et 165

. XXV. On the Presence of a Superbranchial Organ in the Cyprinoid

Fish Hypophthalmichthys. By G. A. BouLtenerr, F.RS......... 186

XXVI. Ona new Form of Puma from Patagonia. By OLDFIELD

Hime, PRIS Bs eis wate gael aol eee ae Rese 188

XXVII. On a Collection of Bats from Para. By OLDFIELD

JURIORLAS, RIE Sic Uo tais Bea eecee ape Seti lel tet cea ie em een 189

XXVIII. The Rutelid Genus Adorodocia. By GipErr J.

AURIRGIT,, 12°] UISI Eoidig ater giao pe cen Rene Cnet onic a ee 193

XXIX, A Revision of the Butterflies of the Genus Precis, with

Notes on the Seasonal Phases of the Species. By Anrruur G.

iS iaatpianrym exe eye ler sr ee tee Success goats Eels oat Whale Bale le wn 196

XXX. Notes from the Gatty Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews.—

No. XXI._ By Prof. M‘Inrosu, M.D., LL.D., F.R.S., &. (PlateI.) 216

XXXIJ. Notes and Descriptions relating to some Plataspine and

Graphosomine (Rhynchota). By W. LL. Distant ...........--. 233

XXXII. Descriptions of some supposed new Species of Diplomma-

tina, Opisthostoma, and a new Variety of Alyceus from N. Borneo,

Banguey Island, and Darjeeling. By Hua@u Furron ............ 242

XXXII. New Neotropical Mammals, with a Note on the Species

of Reithrodon. By OLpFIELD Tuomas, F.R.S................6.. 246

XXXIV. New Species of Macroscelides and Glauconycteris. By

OrmaMMMeONUAS PRS a) aig arei ns keethe sce bok ke ee Get 255

XXXY. On anew Genus and Two new Species of African Ceto-

pile, © Les? (Cancrsinninn ig yeUy NON, dio) SpS5.'5 6 be gomanmedy a> yoo 257

New Book :—Zoological Gleanings from the Royal Indian Marine

Survey Ship ‘Investigator’ By A. W. Ancock............ 259

Marine Biological Association of the West of Scotland .......... 260

NUMBER XLVI.

XXXVI. Notes on the Classification of Teleostean Fishes.—I. On

the Trachinide and their Allies. By G. A. BouLeneer, F.R.S. .. 261

XXXVII. New Insular Forms of Nasuwa and Dasyprocta. By

OMG MEN AI VETONTAS ooh gt eure ie aS ey: eh he ob stignealed casts Abe che daoate oe = oS 271

XXXVIII. On a Collection of Small Mammals from the Upper

Nile obtained by Mr. R. M. Hawker. By Onprieup THomas, F.R.S. 273

XXXIX. A List of Lepidoptera collected by Mr. Ewart 8. Grogan

m@entral Africa, by Wnty MARV SHARPE. 0.0... .0275.,+5-2 2/8

vi CONTENTS

Page

XL. Further Notes on the Panyonine of the Family Tabanide in

the British Museum Collection. By Miss GzertrRupDE Ricarpo .. 286

XLI. Descriptions of Fourteen new Species of Terrestrial Mollusca

from South Africa. By Jamns Cosmo Menvitu, M.A,, F.L.S., and

Jorn Hinmy PoONsonpyY, F-Z.s.. (Rlate Li) oe ae ee 315

XLH. On the Breeding-habits of Chromis phlander. By Nexpick

GASES UAUETASME unt otee ai usted ai clie! = aatate cot sh enedetle tay pn yoke <0 as/ hee mee

XLII. The Nomenclature of European Helices. By Henry A.

PRT SB RS Cale eae ae rciie siecle cuere eee sO) a soa e dusrcin «0 er 325

XLIV. Some Questions of Myriopod Nomenclature. By R. I.

IHOKSOXGIS 5 5.8 Mo bold Hote Dee ee en ii OM MIMMCRIE da '64.0'o.0 00 oc 329

New Book :—Our Country’s Shells, and how to know them. A

Guide to the British Mollusca. By W. J. Gorpon...... ROoe,

Dates of Publication of the Zoological and Botanical portions of

some French Voyages.—Part 11. Dumont d’Urville’s ‘ Voyage

de l’Astrolabe’; Laplace’s ‘ Voyage sur la Favorite’; Jacque-

mont’s ‘Voyage dans lInde’; Tréhouart’s ‘Commission

scientifique d Islande’; Cailliaud, ‘ Voyage a Méroé’; ‘ Expédition

scientifique de Morée; &c.: by C. Davies Sherborn, F.Z.S.,

and Baba oodwardi hiss ken oir a Acs san] oa ene 333

NUMBER XLVI.

XLV. On some Entomostraca collected in the Arctic Seas in 1898

by William S. Bruce, F.R.S.G.S. By THomas Scort, F.L.S., and

ANDERE Wes Comm = a(blates LIT: — Vil) asec e ara ney see 337

XLVI. Notes on the Genera Tanaecia and Nora, with Descriptions

of new Species. By ArrnurG, Burier, Ph.D. &c. .......... ,, 306

XLVII. On new Species of Histeride. By G. Lewis, F.L.S..... 3€6

XLVIII. A Preliminary Report on some new Brazilian Hemiptera.

By eAD OV PEM EMGMIP ET /.3 saci Sane rae eee ee eens ee 383

XLIX. Mysis relicta, Lovén, in Ireland. By Wm. F. pr VismEs

TRG gi NN Lae Vira eau. aoclichcinns Ge ioRONOLE acho Oda da. eat eran) hoa cuttics ay rc Oech OaO DIE Gus 391

L. Some Experiments in Seasonal Dimorphism. By Guy A. K.

INDAR SEDATE HAS 200 Sic omens ee, eat pepeaapet eae tels, nye ego oe ee Re Se 398

LJ. A Revision of the Genera of the ARANE® or Spiders with

reference to their Type Species. By F.O. Pickard CamBrinGE, B.A. 403

LIT. On Okedenia, Eul. By C. Mrrescuxowsky. (Plate VII.).. 415

LUJ. On Stawronella, a new Genus of Diatoms. By C. Merrscu-

KROWSEN.: db lation VaLLD a) ecycrctere ies teeat ot| c Ren iene pe Av4

CONTENTS. Vil

LIV. On a Collection of Bats from Paraguay. By OLprieLp

(TESLA 0. Pe Rad eR EP Pn oo 435

LV. Diagnoses of new Fishes discovered by Mr. W. L. 8. Loat

mrcne Nile; By G. Ay BOULENGER, FURS. wo. ce cele ee wee es 444

LVI. Description of a new Silurid Fish of the Genus Anoplopterus,

momiCameroon., By G. A..BouLmnerr, F.R.S. ......2.....6.. 447

LVII. Some new Genera and Species of Lithobiomorphous Chilo-

reese OWOOK. yh. skdcn eee Alin ews sates Oives gota 448

LVIII. The Chilopoda or Centipedes of the Australian Continent.

Ley lik, TL, TOOO GEE AEE ease rons CRU ate ec ee a 451

LIX. Rhynchotal Notes—XI. Heteroptera: Fam. Lyyeide. By

Ovo Lb HUNSER-AINGT cI 2 tooo oy eRe peieain eb ina cyt near gare era 464

New Book :—Biologia Centrali-Americana: Land and Freshwater

Mollusca. By Prof. Epuarp von Martens

Dates of Publication of the Zoological and Botanical portions of some

French Voyages.—Part II. Fabvre, ‘Commission scientifique du

Nord’; Du Petit-Thouars, ‘ Voyage de la Vénus’; Dates of the

‘ Faune Francaise’; Addenda et Corrigenda to Part I.: by C.

Davies Sherborn, F.Z.8., and B. B. Woodward, F.L.S. &e.

Corrigenda to my Papers “Note on Diatoms from Chincha

Guano” (Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. vol. vi., 1900) and “A List

of Californian Diatoms” (/. c. vol. vii., 1901), by C. Meresch-

1 ORWTSLEGT ae es Ser oo RE rn a ee 49]—494

NUMBER XLVIII.

LXI. Rhynchotal Notes.—XI. Heteroptera: Fam. Lygeide. By

W. iL. Distant

LXII. List of the Fishes of the Characinid Genus Distichodus,

Mull. & Trosch., with a Key to their Identification. By G, A.

JO GTLTUIBISIN, IRS) Robe ee soe rome aanis hotel Inne bic Hoc cee Ien cue cra ecco emea 510

LXIII. On the Genera of Osteoglosside. By G. A. BoULENGER,

TP TBadSe ce op Ob PURER EY CIDE: UPN RD Fed oa tomatoe Sea te aR 2 lel

LXIV. Description of a new Frog from British East Africa. By

SOPAC DOUUENGER HRS qlee i scone wath aye idse Souda ties ae deaes DIO

LXV. On Two new Snakes from Borneo. By R. Suetrorp,

M.A., Curator of the Sarawak Museum

LXVI. Natural History Notes from the Royal Indian Marine

Survey Ship ‘ Investigator,’ Commauder T. H. Heming, R.N., com-

nianding.—Series IIl., No. 5. An Account of the Trawling Opera-

tions during the Surveying-season of 1900-1901, by A. F.

McArpuz, B.A., M.B., Capt. 1.M.8., Surgeon-Naturalist to the

Survey ..

Vill CONTENTS.

Page

LXVII. On Mammals obtained by Mr. Alphonse Robert on the

Rio Jordao, 8.W. Minas Geraes. By OupFiELD THoMas ........ 526

LXVIII. New Species of Oryzomys, Proechimys, Cavia, and Sylv-

lagus from South America. By OLpFie~tp THOMAS ....,....... 536

LXIX. Some new and old Genera of S.-American Aviculariide.

Byte DE. Poco «6 cc ugaie eas oh tootalaleesdtan ces at ee eee 540

LXX. Deseription of Two new Species of Bracon from Bengal.

By Col. C. T. Bineuam, F.Z5., F.E.S. ........... CRE Rec ea 535

LXXI. Description of a new Species of I[and-Shell from

Colombia By.S) pal Costa .-. .2a264d-.6.54- 12 oo ee 557

LXXII. On Three Blind Victorian Freshwater Crustacea found

IB SUrLace-watera. by, OLA SAVCR a.) 4544-1545 1441 558

New Book:—A Handbook of British Birds. By J. EK. Harrine,

PIS 3 cBE Zi. Saegnuetie chou a eset ettcagtts Toner este eae tae eee 564

Moore’s ‘ Lepidoptera Indica,’ by C. Davies Sherborn ............ 565

Min Ox pepe nace seacsetaiers Wolous o's, 02019) 2,474) seu yidiekeneds Clee IE hea Renee 567

PLATES IN VOL. VIIL

PiatEe I. Species of Annelids.

Mite New Mollusca from South Africa.

Li:

IV.

ONE

‘VI.

“VI. Species of Okedenia.

“VII. Stauronella constricta.

Arctic Entomostraca.

_Vo.8 = SEVENTH SERIES. No. 43.

= /*) THE ANNALS

| MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY.

ZOOLOGY, BOTANY, ano GHOLOGY.

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No. XLITI.

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JULY 1901.

CONDUCTED BY :

ALBERT C. L. G. GUNTHER, M.A., M.D., Pu.D., F.R.S.,

WILLIAM CARRUTHERS, F.R.S., F.L.S., F.G.S.,

AND

WILLIAM FRANCIS, sun., F.L.S.

BEING A CONTINUATION OF THE “‘ ANNALS” COMBINED WITH

MESSRS. LOUDON AND CHARLESWORTH’S “ MAGAZINE OF NATURAL HISTORY.”’

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page.) Vol. III. (Pp. 1-152, pls. 1xi—Ixvi.)

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CF sopoacoonecsoce un per litora spargite muscum,

Naiades, et circtim vitreos considite fontes:

Pollice virgineo teneros hic carpite flores:

Floribus et pictum, dive, replete canistrum.

At vos, o Nymphe Craterides, ite sub undas ;

Ite, recurvato variata corallia trunco

Vellite muscosis e rupibus, et mihi conchas

Ferte, Dez pelagi, et pingui conchylia succo.

N. Parthenii Giannettasi, Ecl.

No. 43. JULY 1901.

I.—WNotes on the Recent Literature of Japanese Land-Snails.

By Dr. Henry A. PILssry, Special Curator of the Depart-

ment of Mollusca, Academy of Natural Sciences of Phila-

delphia.

AFTER a period of twenty years, during which but little was

published upon the land-mollusks of Japan, their investigation

has been resumed by several students with the greatest vigour.

This revival has been due primarily to the work of collecting

undertaken by Mr. Y. Hirase, of Kyoto, Japan. With

assistants trained in the best methods of collecting all parts

of the Island Empire are being searched for mollusks. The

direction of this work involves not only an intelligent appre-

ciation of the zoological problems awaiting solution and of the

value of such work in advancing the intellectual development

of Japan, but large pecuniary outlay as well. And disin-

terested devotion to zoological exploration, though happily

no longer rare in England and America, is not yet common

enough to be passed without a word of appreciation.

It is my purpose in this article to discuss briefly certain

Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. viii. i:

2 Dr. H. A. Pilsbry on

questions of distribution and classification, to give a list of

the species described since the beginning of the year 1900,

and to record the somewhat extensive synonymy created

during that period.

The work has already reached a point where conclusions of

general interest are appearing. The Palearctic element in

the Japanese mollusk-fauna is inconsiderable, but the Oriental

element has obviously reached the islands by two routes—

a northern, vid Sachalin Island, bringing in mainland forms

of the Amur valley and northward, and a southern, w@ the

Loochoo chain and Formosa, and probably from Corea also,

though until that peninsula is better known we cannot state _

this with confidence. Thus, to give one instance, the

Japanese group of species commonly referred to the Helicid

subgenus Acuséa is in reality of dual origin: the species of

Hondo and Kiushiu(&. Steboldiana, Pfr., HE. plicosa, Martens*)

are related through Hulota despecta of the Loochoo group to

E. assimilis, H. Ad., of Formosa, and to species of Central

China. ulota leta, Gld., of Hokkaido (Yesso) Island, on

the other hand, is allied to species of Northern China and the

Amur valley, and really belongs to the subgenus Mastig-

eulota. A similarly dual origin can be traced in various

other genera.

The great number of localities explored by Mr. Hirase’s

collectors permits us now to plot the ranges of many species

before known from one locality or from but few places. As

the work goes on this will enable us to formulate the lines of

migration and the faunal zones or areas of specific and sub-

specific differentiation. It is already clear that the islands

composing Japan are strikingly unlike most island groups in

this—that the several islands, as such, are younger than the

species of snails living upon them, whereas in most island

groups areas of specific and varietal differentiation coincide

with the geographic limits of the several islands. In other

words, the existing species of Japanese snails were in great

part differentiated and acquired their present distribution

before the islands were separated +. Present knowledge

indicates that continuous land extended from the middle

Loochoo group to Hokkaido, The Loochoos were first

isolated by subsidence; then Hokkaido was cut off. Hondo,

%* HI. plicosa seems to be merely a synonym of despecta, Gray, which

occurs in the southern provinces of Kiushiu, as well as in the Loochoo

slands.

+ The evidence, so far as supplied by Helices of the Huhadra and

Ganesella groups is concerned, has been elaborated in a still unpublished

paper by Mr. Addison Gulick and myself.

Japanese Land-Snails. 3

Shikoku, and Kiushiu remained connected until very recent

time, and have been separated within the life of those slightly

differentiated races which we term ‘ subspecies.” From

southern Kii, through Awaji and Shikoku Islands, across

Bungo Channel to Kiushiu, and westward across the lower

end of the Inland Sea to the west end of Hondo, must have

been a continuous land-area since Pliocene and down to

geologically recent time. Not only numerous species, but

mere races of more widely spread species, occupy this area,

and such a distribution is quite inexplicable except upon the

theory that the areas in question, though now separated, were

until recently a unit geographically, as they still are faunally.

There are doubtless species existing on Shikoku Island which

do not extend beyond its limits; but the local differentiation

is not greater than upon an equal area of Hondo and does

not make against the view just set forth.

In respect to classification and generic nomenclature, the

Japanese Zonitide are in great confusion. Reinhardt, many

years ago, referred the species known to him to European

groups of the family. arly last year I recognized the fact

that the Japanese Zonitide belong mainly to Oriental, not

European genera. This opinion found expression in articles

published in August (vr. p. 882) and November (xv. p. 81),

in which I referred various species to the Oriental genera

Macrochlamys and Kaliella, showed that the name Luconulus,

Reinh., must replace the names Conulus and Arnouldia, and

expressed my belief that the Japanese species referred to

these groups really belong to Kaliella. Dr. v. Méllendorff,

in an article just published (XxI. pp. 35, 37), has reached

conclusions in part anticipated by my papers, in part at

variance with them. He has referred numerous species to

the genus Microcystina of Mérch, most_of them, I think,

incorrectly. The establishment of Mvcrocystina upon an

adequate basis we owe to Godwin-Austen, who showed that

it is characterized by a callous thickening or flexure of the

columella. Of the Japanese species known to me by speci-

mens, only Arnouldia ceratodes, Gude, has this feature. J

consider v. Mollendorff’s reference of this species to Micro-

cystina justified. The species Denitzi, sinapidium, and

Hirasei of his Microcystina list have the shell-characters of

Macrochlamys, and not of Microcystina. Most of the other

species he mentions are known to me, as they are to him, by

the descriptions only, and their generic reference is little

better than guesswork.

Gastrodontella, Méllendorff, a new genus proposed for

G. japonica, Mildff. (1901), a synonym of Kaliella multi-

1#

4 Dr. H. A. Pilsbry on

volvis, Pils. (1900), is thought by Dr. v. Mollendorff to have

affinities with Gastrodonta or Sesara. The internal teeth in

K. japonica are short transverse barriers at intervals of one

third of a whorl, precisely similar to those found in Huconulus

fulvus (Drap.), var. dentatus (Sterki), with which K. muléz-

volvis has many features in common. A similar barrier exists

in Kaliella ruga, Godwin-Austen, and some other Indian

species. In K. multivolvis the barriers are very inconstant,

completely lacking in some examples, varying in others from

one to three in number. The same inconstancy attends the

development of internal teeth, barriers, or lamine in Gastro-

donta, Sagda, &c., in which the same species may have them

strongly developed or totally absent, as is well recognized by

all American students who have investigated the matter. In

my opinion, therefore, Gastrodontella has no valid claim to

generic rank. It belongs to Kaliella.

It is not my purpose to discuss the classification of Japanese

Helicide at any length in this place; but a single group calls

for remark. In my ‘ Guide to the Study of Helices’ I pro-

osed, under the name Mandarina, a new section of the genus

Fulota for the reception of Heliz mandarina, Gray, of the

Bonin Islands (Ogasawara-sima). It is now my opinion that

this group has nothing to do with Hulota, but probably

belongs to the Camenine. The nepionic shell is relatively

large and acutely carinate (as in Camena), is sculptured with

fine radial wrinkles at first, with spiral strie on the outer

whorl, and usually continuing upon the postnepionic whorls,

The adult shell is extremely heavy for a land-snail, and has

a blunt expanded lip. The group is probably of generic

rank, and will for the present include three species—Heliz

mandarina, Gray, H. Pallasiana, Pfr. (hitherto referred to

Ozxytes), and Nanina Ruschenbergert, Pilsbry. The latter

two are depressed and openly umbilicate, and will form a

separate section of the genus Boninia. All of them are

probably confined to the Bonin Islands, although they have

been attributed to various localities. The Bonin Islands

have incontestably a fauna of “continental ”’ type.

The new species described from Japan, the Loochoo and

Bonin Islands, in the twenty-two papers published since

Jan. 1, 1900, are as follows. I have appended to each, where

necessary, notes on the synonymy &c. The list is arranged

chronologically, and the papers are referred to by their

numbers in the bibliography following.

Diplommatina tenviplica, Pilsbry (1. p. 525).

Ennea wakawa, Pilsbry (1. p. 525, pl. xxi. fig. 10).

pK

Japanese Land-Snails. 5

Eulota (Acusta) Gainesi, Pilsbry (1. p. 526),—Belongs to the section

Mastigeulata.

—— luna, Pilsbry (1. p. 526, pl. xxi figs. 1-3).

—— (yista) aperta, Pilsbry (1. p. 527, pl. xxi. figs. 7-9).

— (Celorus) cavicollis, Pilsbry (4. p. 527, pl. xxi. figs. 11-13).

— rudis, Pilsbry (1. p. 528, pl. xxi. figs. 20-22).— A synonym of

Trishoplita Hilgendorfi, Kob.

Ganesella satsuma, Pilsbry (1. p. 528, pl. xxi. figs, 2)-22).—A sub-

species of G. japonica, Ptr.

ferruginea, Pilsbry (1. p. 529, pl. xxi. figs. 14-16).

heteroglypta, Pilsbry (1. p. 529, pl. xxi. figs. 17-19).— Probably

a subspecies of G. japonica, Pfr.

Eulota (Plectotropis) Hirasei, Gude (11. p. 10, pl. ii. figs. 4-7).—A

synonym of Z£. cavicollis, Pils.

— (igista) awajiensis, Gude (11. p. 11, pl. i. figs. 8-10).—A

synonym of L. aperta, Pils.

horrida, Pilsbry (1. p. 11).

— (Trishoplita?) mesogonia, Pilsbry Gu. p. 11).—Doubtless a

Trishoplita.

Ganesella Jacobi, Pilsbry (ar. p. 12).

Cyclotus (?) micron, Pilsbry (111. p. 12).

Pomatiopsis Hirasei, Pilsbry (111. p. 12).—This is Blanfordia Ben-

sont, A. Ad. The genus belongs to the Pomatiopsine.

Buliminus Hirasei, Pilsbry (1v. p. 32).

eatorris, var. oniensis, Pilsbry (iv. p. 32).—An elongate variety

of B. reinianus, Kob.

callistoderma, Pilsbry (1v. p. 33).

Plectotropis polyplecta, Ehrmann (v. p. 379).—A synonym for

Eulota horrida, Pils.

delectabilis, Ehrmann (v. p. 380).

pachysoma, Ehrmann (v. p. 380).—Seems to be identical with

Eulota scepasma, Pfr.

Trishoplita pallens, Ehrmann (v. p. 381).

Ganesella pagodula, Ehrmann (v. p. 381).

Clausilia (Phedusa) crassilamellata, Ehrmann (¥. p. 382).

( ) ime, Ehrmann (v. p. 382).

——_( ) cincticollis, Ehrmann (v. p. 383).

Alyceeus harimensis, Pilsbry (v1. p. 381).

Reinhardt, Pilsbry (v1. p. 381).

(Metalyceeus) melanopoma, Pilsbry (v1. p. 382).

) Hirasei, Pilsbry (v1. p. 382).

Diplommatina pusilla, var. omiensis, Pilsbry (v1. p. 382).

Macrochlamys micrograpta, Pilsbry (v1. p. 382).—The locality,

Kashima, proy. Harima, was inadvertently omitted.

Kaliella multivolvis, Pilsbry (v1. p. 383).

Vitrea harimensis, Pilsbry (v1. p. 384).—Seems to be the young of

Macrochlamys Denitzi, Reinh.

Georissa japonica, Pilsbry (v1. p. 384).

Chioritis (T'richochloritis) fragilis, Gude (vit. p. 70, pl. vii. figs. 18-

6 Dr. H. A. Pilsbry on

20).—This species is related to C. oscitans, v. Mart., which

has hitherto been referred to Acusta.

Eulota (Plectotroprs) enula, Gude (v1. p. 71, pl. viii. figs. 9- 11).—

This is H. conella, A. Ad., 1868, as defined by von Martens,

Conch. Mittheil. pl. xviii. ’ flos, 8-12. Not #. conella, Pir.,

1861.

—— (Euhadra) sericea, Gude (vu. p. 74, pl. vill. figs. 12-14).—

This is the true EL. Blakeana, Newe., of which I have ex-

amined the types.

Macrochlamys fulgens, Gude (vu. p. 75, pl. vill. figs. 24-26).

Arnouldia nahaensis, Gude (vu. p. 75, pl. viii. figs. 21-23).—Be-

longs to the genus Kaliella.

Crystallus sulcatus, Gude (xt. p. 399).

velatus, Gude (x11. p. 399).

Microcystis Hirasei, Gude (xu. p. 400).—A synonym of Macro-

chlamys micrograpta, Pils.

Trishoplita cretacea, Gude (x11. p. 400).

Plectotropis conica, Gude (x1r. p. 400).

Blanfor dia japonica, Sp AATC i “Millendorft (XIII. p. 153). —-This is

B. Bensoni, var. minor, piles not the true B. japonica, A. Ad.,

which was ‘described i in this Journal.

Kaliella elata, Gude (xtv. p. 453).—This seems to be a variety of

Sitala cireumcincta, Reinh.

crenulata, Gude (xiv. p. 453).

pagoduloides, Gude (xtv. p. 453).

Pyramidula pretiosa, Gude (xiv. p. 454).

Trishoplita dacoste, Gude (xiv. p. 454).

tosana, Gude (xiv. p. 455).

Eulota (Euhadra) grata, Gude (xiv. p. 455).—With var. zonata,

Gude, t. c. p. 456.

(Plectotropis) kiusiuensis, Pilsbry (xv. p. 79).

Trishoplita Goodwini, var. suprazonata, Pilsbry (xv. p. 80).—A

synonym of 7’. tosana, Gude, published three days earlier.

Ganesella turrita, Gude (vit. p. 75, pl. viii. figs. 1, 2).—Probably, as

Mr. Gude suggests, a species of Buliminopsis.

Eulota (Plectotropis) lepidophora, Gude (v1. p. 76, pl. vii. figs. 3—5).

, var. tenuis, Gude (1. ¢.).

Satsuma brunnea, Mollendorff (viz. p. 107).—Probably identical

with Ganesella ferruginea, Pils.

Euhadra luhuana, subsp. tsushimana, Molendorff (vr. p. 108).

Buliminus rugulosus, Mollendorff (vi. p. 108).

Clausilia (Huphedusa) oneauchen, Mollendoiff (v1. p. 109).

Pupinella Pruhstorferi, Mollendorff (vir. p. 110), with var. tsusht-

mana.—Searcely distinct from P. rufa.

Clausilia hakonensis, Pilsbry (1x. p. 448, pl. xiv. figs. 1-3).

—- awajiensis, Pilsbry (1x. p. 444, pl. xiv. figs. 15-17).

subaurantiaca, Pilsbry (ax. p. 444, pl. xiv. figs. 5-7).

culacophora, Pilsbry (1x. p. 445, pl. xiv. figs. 18-20).

— Hirasei, Pilsbry (1x. p. 446, pl. xiv. figs. 8-11),

Japanese Land-Snails. 7

Clausilia hyperoptyx, Pilsbry (1x. p. 446, pl. xiv. figs. 12-14).

japonica, var. suruge, Pilsbry (1x. p. 447, pl. xiv. fig. 4).—

Seems to me to=Cl. oostoma, Mlldft. Cf. Cl. ewrystoma, var.

brachyptycha, below.

Eulota Gudeana, Pilsbry (x. p. 60).—Probably a subspecies of

E. Gainesi, Pils.

hakedatensis, Pilsbry (x. p. 60).—New name for Helia

leta, Gld., non Pfr.

callizona Divoni, Pilsbry (x. p. 60).

Arnouldia ceratodes, Gude (xu. p. 398).—Very closely related to

Microcystina labilis, Gld., but smaller and more polished. It

seems to be a Microcystina.

nanodes, Gude (x1t. p. 399).—The generic position of this and

the two species following is doubtful. I have seen none of

them.

Kaliella symmetrica, Pilsbry (xv. p. 80).—A synonym of K. pagodu-

loides, Gude, which was published three days earlier.

fraterna, Pilsbry (xv. p. 81).

Euconulus Reinhardt, Pilsbry (xv. p. 81).—A Kalvella.

Punctum japonicum, Pilsbry (xv. p. 82).

Diplommatina uzenensis, Pilsbry (xvi. p. 88).

Eulota callizona, var. maritima, Gulick & Pilsbry (xvt. p. 88).

luhwana, var. idzwmonis, Pilsbry & Gulick (xvi. p. 89).

, var. womoriensis, Gulick & Pilsbry (xvi. p. 89).

Trishoplita Goodwin, var. kyotoensis, Pilsbry (Xv1. p. 90).

Eulota mercatoria, var. atrata, Pilsbry (xvt. p. 91).

Ciausilia comes, Pilsbry (xvit. p. 673, pl. xxiv. figs. 1-3).

monelasmus, Pilsbry (xv. p. 674, pl. xxiv. figs. 4-6).

iotaptyx, Pilsbry (xvu. p. 674, pl. xxiv. figs. 7-9).

mikado, Pilsbry (xvit. p. 676, pl. xxiv. figs. 10-12).

—— brevior, var. Addisoni, Pilsbry (xvi. p. 677).

hondana, Pilsbry (xvi. p. 677, pl. xxiv. figs. 13-18).

subjaponica, Pilsbry (xv1t. p. 678).

—— Nolani, Pilsbry (xvu. p. 679, pl. xxv.figs. 19-21).

tosana, Pilsby (xvit. p. 680, pl. xxv. figs. 22-25, 41).

shikokuensis, Pilsbry (xvii. p. 681, pl. xxv. figs. 30-32).

Eulota (Aigista) mimula, Pilsbry (xvi. p. 107).

Trishoplita cretacea, var. bipartita, Pilsbry (xvii. p. 107).

Eulota (Plectotropis) elegantissima, var. cara, Pilsbry (xv111. p. 107).

Clausilia euholostoma, Pilsbry (xviit. p. 108).

japonica, var. interplicata, Pilsbry (xvi. p. 108).

—— perpallida, Pilsbry (xvi. p. 108).

harimensis, Pilsbry (xviir. p. 108).

hokkaidoensis, Pilsbry (xvur. p. 108).—This seems to be a

subspecies of C. perpallida of Hondo Island.

totaptyx, var. clava (xvut. p. 108).

Hiraseana, Pilsbry (x1x. p. 115).

Trishoplita Snuithiana, Pilsbry (x1x. p. 116).

Ganesella myomphala, var. omphalodes, Pilsbry (x1x. p.-116).

8 Dr. H. A. Pilsbry on

Ganesella Wiegmanniana, Pilsbry (x1x. p. 116).

Helicina osumiensis, Pilsbry (xx. p. 127).

Reinii, var. uzenensis, Pilsbry (xx. p. 128).

Vertigo Hiraset, Pilsbry (xx. p. 128).

Buliminus callistoderma, var. ogasaware, Pilsbry (xx. p. 128).

eucharistus, Pilsbry (xx. p. 128).

luchuanus, Pilsbry (xx. p. 129).

Eulota (Agista) Martensiana, Pilsbry (xx. p. 129).

(Plectotropis) inornata, Pilsbry (xx. p. 129).

Gastrodontella japonica, Mollendorff (xx. p. 38).—A synonym of

Kaliella multivolvis, Pils.

Buliminus (Subzebrinus) nipponicus, Mollendorff (xx. p. 40).—A

synonym of B. Hirasei, Pils.

Clausilia (Stereophedusa) eurystoma, subsp. brachyptycha, Mollen-

dorff (xx. p. 41).—This is C. japonica, var. suruge, Pils.,

which I subsequently (xvi. p. 677) thought to be C. oostoma,

Mildff.

— (Megalophedusa) FPultoni, subsp. clavula, Mollendorff (xx.

p. 41). =C. subjaponica, Pilsbry*.

(Hemipheedusa) breviluna, Méllendorff (xx. p.42). =C. auwla-

cophora, Pilsbry.

) omiensis, Mollendorff (xx. p. 42). =C. mikado, Pils.

Diplommatina (Sinica) minutissima, Mollendorft (xx. p. 44). =D.

pusilla, var. omiensis, Pilsbry.

Georissa japonica, Méllendorff (xx. p. 45).—This seems to he

G. japonica, Pilsbry.

Succinea ogasaware, Pilsbry (xxi. p. 195).

punctulispira, Pilsbry (xxi. p. 195).

Total, 129 new species and varieties, of which 22 are known to

be absolute synonyms, while perhaps a half-dozen more are doubt-

fully distinct.

Bibliography.

[Note.—For publications prior to 1900 see Gude’s papers 11. and vit. ]

1.— Additions to the Japanese Land-Snail Fauna,” by H. A. Pilsbry.

Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. for 1899, pp. 525-530, pl. xxi.

(Issued February 12, 1900.)

11.—“ Notes on a Collection of Helicoid Land-Shells from Japan and

the Loo Choo Islands, with Descriptions of Two new Species of

Helicide,” by G. K.Gude. Proc. Malae. Soc. London, iv. pp. 8-23,

pl. ii. (Issued late in March 1900, My copy was received in

Philadelphia, April 12.)

111.— Notices of some new Japanese Mollusks,” by H. A. Pilsbry.

Nautilus, xiv. pp. 11, 12. (Issued May 1, 1900.)

1v.—Ditto. Nautilus, xiv. pp. 32, 83. (Issued July 1, 1900.)

* The clausilium of C. swbjaponica is strongly curved distally and much

thickened at the apex. In C. Pultonz, as in C. vasta, it is not much

curved distally, and is not thickened at the apex. I therefore believe the

species to belong to the section Stereophedusa, and not 1o Megalophedusa.

Japanese Land-Snails, 9

v.— Diagnosen einiger neuer japanischer Landschnecken,” yon Paul

Ehrmann. Zool, Anzeiger, xxiii. no, 619, pp. 879-383. (Issued

July 9, 1900.)

vi.— Notices of new Japanese Land-Snails,” by H. A. Pilsbry. Proc.

Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. for 1900, pp. 381-384. (Issued August 9,

1900.)

vir.—“ iF ter Notes on Helicoid Land-Shells from Japan, the Loo

Choo and Bonin Islands, with Descriptions of Seven new Species,”

by G. K. Gude. Proc. Malac. Soc. ondon iy. pp. 70-80, pl. viii.

(Issued August 1900.)

vit1.—‘ Landschnecken von den Inseln Tsushima und Iki, Westjapan,”

yon Dr. O. y. Mollendorff. Nachrbl. d. deutschen malak. Ges.

xxxli. nos. 7, 8, pp. 107-111. (Issued August 1900.)

1x,— Additions to the Japanese Land-Snail Fauna, II.,” by Henry A.

Pilsbry. Proc, Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. for 1900, pp. 448-448,

pl. xiv. (Issued August 29, 1900.)

x.—“On some Japanese Land-Snails,” by H. A. Pilsbry. Nautilus,

xiv. pp. 59, 60. (Issued Sept. 1, 1900.)

x1.— Mollusques de l’Archipel de Bonin,” par M. C. F. Ancey.

Journal de Conchyliologie, xlviii. no. 3, pp. 423-428.

x11.—‘ Descriptions of new Species of Japanese Land-Shells,” by G. K.

Gude. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) vi. pp. 398-401. (Issued

Oct. 1, 1900.)

xu1.— Blanfordia, A. Ad.,” von Dr. O. vy. Mollendorff. Nachrbl. der

deutschen malak. Ges. xxxii. pp. 153, 154. (October 1900.)

x1v.— Descriptions of new Species of Japanese Land-Shells,” by G. K.

Gude. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) vi. pp. 453-456. (Issued

Noy. 1, 1£00.)

xv.—‘ New Species of Japanese Land-Mollusca,” by H. A. Pilsbry.

Nautilus, xiv. pp. 79-82. (Issued Noy. 3, 1900.)

xvi.—‘ Descriptions of new Japanese Land-Snails,” by H. A. Pilsbry

and Addison Gulick. Nautilus, xiv. pp. 88-91. (Issued Dee. 1,

1900.)

xvil.—< Additions to the Japanese Land-Snail Fauna, IIIL.,” by Henry

A. Pilsbry. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. for 1900, pp. 672-683,

pls. xxiv., xxv. (Pages 672-676 issued Dec, 29, 1900; pp. 677-

683 issued Jan. 28, 1901.)

xvin.—< Notices of some new Japanese Land-Snails,” by H. A.

Pilsbry. Nautilus, xiv. pp. 107, 108. (Issued Jan. 1, 1901.)

x1x.— Notices of some new Japanese Land-Snails,” by H. A. Pilsbry.

Nautilus, xiv. pp. 115-117. (Issued Feb. 1, 1901.)

xx.— Notices of new Japanese Land-Snails,” by H. A. Pilsbry. Nau-

tilus, xiv. pp. 127-129. (Issued March 1, 1901.)

xx1— Neue und kritische Landschnecken yon Japan und den

Liukiu-Inseln,” yon Dr. O. von Mollendorff. Nachrbl. der

deutschen malak. Gesellschaft, nos, 8, 4, 1901. (Issued in April

1901.)

xxu.—‘ New Mollusca from Japan, the Loo Choo Islands, Formosa,

and the Philippines,” by Henry A. Pilsbry. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.

Philad. for 1901; terrestrial species on pp. 198-195. (Issued

May 2, 1901.)

10 Mr. G. A. Boulenger on

I].—Deseriptions of Three new Siluroid Fishes of the Genus

Synodontis discovered by Mr. W. L. S. Loat in the White

Nile. By G. A. BOULENGER, F.R.S.

Synodontis caudovittatus.

Depth of body 3 to 34 times in total length, length of head

382 to 4. Snout rounded, smooth, as long as or slightly

longer than postocular part of head; interorbital region

granular, its width 2 to 24 in length of head; eye supero-

lateral, its diameter 43 to 5 times in length of head; max-

illary barbel without fringe, 14 to 13 length of head; man-

dibular barbels with long slender branches, those of the inner

with tubercular ramifications. Outer mandibular teeth shorter

than the eye, 33 to 38. Occipito-nuchal shield obtusely

tectiform, with pointed or truncated posterior processes.

Humeral process not keeled, sharply pointed, extending as

far as nuchal or not quite so far. Dorsal 17; spine as long

as or a little shorter than head, feebly serrated behind, with

short or rather long filamentous prolongation. Adipose fin

3 to 4 times as long as deep, 3} to 5 times as long as its

distance from dorsal. Anal 1V 8, rounded. Pectoral spine

as long as or a little shorter than head, feebly but distinctly

serrated on outer edge, very strongly on inner, reaching or

nearly reaching ventral. Latter rounded, extending to or

slightly beyond origin of anal. Skin smooth, not villose.

Grey, tinged with olive on the head and back; caudal fin

whitish, with a deep black band along each lobe; barbels

white.

Total length 240 millim.

Several specimens from the mouth of Lake No.

Allied to S. frontosus, Vaill. Differs in the total absence

of a fringe to the maxillary barbel, the larger eye, the rounded

ventrals and anal, and the black bands on the caudal.

Synodontis filamentosus.

Depth of body equal to length of head, 4 times in total

length. Snout obtusely conical, smooth, as long as post-

ocular part of head; interorbital region rugose, its width 4

length of head; eye superior, its diameter 34 times in length

of head; maxillary barbel broadly fringed at the base, 4

length of head; mandibular barbels with numerous long

ramified branches. Outer mandibular teeth barely + length

of eye, 20 in number. Occipito-nuchal shield obtusely tecti-

Three new Siluroid Fishes. ae

form, with obtusely pointed posterior processes. Humeral

process not keeled, rounded behind, extending as far as

nuchal. Dorsal 1 7; spine as long as head, feebly serrated

behind, with a filamentous prolongation the length of which

somewhat exceeds that of the spine. Adipose fin 44 times as

long as deep, 22 times as long as its distance from dorsal,

Anal [V 7, rounded. Pectoral spine nearly as long as head,

moderately serrated on outer edge, very strongly on inner,

not quite reaching ventral. Latter rounded, not reaching

anal. Skin smooth, not villose. Greyish above, with small

scattered darker spots, white beneath; fins whitish, with

small greyish spots on the dorsal and caudal; dorsal fila-

ment and upper and lower borders of caudal black; barbels

white.

Total length 180 millim.

A single specimen from the mouth of Lake No.

Most nearly allied to S. serratus, Riipp., with which it

agrees in the form of the barbels. Distinguished by fewer

mandibular teeth, a shorter snout, a larger eye, the absence of

denticulation on the anterior border of the dorsal spine, the

very long dorsal filament, and the coloration.

Synodontis eupterus.

Depth of body 3 times in total length, length of head 4

times. Snout rounded, granular near the eyes, as long as

postocular part of head; interorbital region granular, its

width not quite 4 length of head; eye supero-lateral, its

diameter 33 times in length of head; maxillary barbel dis-

tinctly fringed at the base, 13 length of head; mandibular

barbels with long slender branches, those of the inner with

tubercular ramifications. Outer mandibular teeth barely }

length of eye, about 50 in number. —Oceipito-nuchal shield

obtusely tectiform, with obtuse posterior processes. Humeral

process not keeled, obtuse-pointed, extending as far as nuchal.

Dorsal I 9, remarkable for its great depth, the spine and the

fine anterior soft rays being prolonged into long filaments ;

spine longer than head, feebly serrated behind; second soft

ray 24 as long as head. Adipose fin 23 times as long as

deep, narrowly separated from dorsal. Anal IV 8, pointed.

Pectoral spine as long as dorsal, moderately serrated on

outer edge, very strongly on inner, not quite reaching ventral.

Latter pointed, reaching origin of anal. Upper lobe of

caudal much produced. Skin smooth, not villose. Dark

grey-brown, with a few round blackish spots on the head,

back, and adipose fin; fins grey, with numerous small round

black spots ; fringe of maxillary barbels black.

12 Mr. G. A. Boulenger on Four new Fishes.

Total length 170 millim.

A single specimen from the mouth of Lake No.

Well characterized by the extraordinary development of

the dorsal fin.

Among the Synodontis obtained by Mr. Loat in the White

Nile I may mention S. frontosus, Vaill., S. nigrita, C. & V.,

S. sorex, Gthr., S. batensoda, Riipp., and S. membranaceus,

Geoffr. Having examined a good number of specimens of the

latter two species, from the Nile and Senegal, I wish to point

out that S. membranaceus, Vaill.,=S. batensoda, Riipp., and

S. Guenthert, Vaill.,= S. membranaceus, Geoffr. ‘The second

differs from the first, in addition to the narrower isthmal

space, by the much larger size, the lower number of man-

dibular teeth, the broader fringe to the maxillary barbels, the

presence of a fringe on the outer mandibular barbels, and the

absence of a serration to the operculum.

IlI.—Diagnoses of Four new Fishes discovered by Mr. J. E. S.

Moore in Lakes Albert and Albert Edward. By G. A.

Bou.encer, F.R.S.

Barbus Eduardianus.

ID 1, IN, Gh) lbs Text, BE. lly thm oe

Depth of body 84 times in total length, length of head 33

times. Snout rounded, nearly twice as long as eye, which is

64 times in length of head and 23 in interorbital width ;

barbels two pairs, subequal, nearly as long as eye. Third

dorsal ray very strong, bony, not serrated. Longest anal ray

2 length of head. Pectorals reaching base of ventrals. Ven-

trals entirely in advance of origin of dorsal. Caudal] peduncle

12 as long as deep. 3 scales between lateral line and root of

ventral. Olive-brown above, golden beneath, the scales

darker at the base.

Total length 430 millim,

Albert Edward Nyanza. A single specimen.

Barbus Fergusont.

D412. A. 7. 11. lateGaatemliettrye.

Depth of body 4 to 43 times in total length, length of head

Ai times. Snout rather pointed, nearly twice as long as eye,

which is 5 to 53 times in length of head and 12 to 2 in inter-

Mr. G. A. Boulenger on Four new Fishes. 13

orbital width ; barbels two pairs, posterior a little longer than

anterior and a little longer than eye. Third dorsal ray very

strong, bony, not serrated. Longest anal ray ? or # length

of head. Pectorals not reaching base of ventrals. Ventrals

below anterior rays of dorsal. Caudal peduncle 13 as long as

deep. 24 scales between lateral line and root of ventral.

Dark olive-brown above, lighter beneath, the scales darker at

the base.

Total length 260 millim.

Two specimens from the Albert Edward Nyanza.

Named in honour of Mr. Malcolm Ferguson, the geologist

attached to the expedition which has yielded such interesting

ichthyological results.

Both this and the preceding species are nearly related to

B. altianalis, Blgr., from Lake Kivu, and also to some of

the species described by Riippell from Lake Tana, especially

B, affinis and B. elongatus.

OClarias Moorii.

Allied to C. lazera, OC. & V., C. Robecchii, Vincig., and

C. anguillaris, Hasselq. (C. Hasselquistiit, C. & V.).

Agreeing with the first in the closely-set and very numerous

gill-rakers (80 on the anterior arch), with the second in the

wide interspace (4 length of head) between the dorsal and

caudal fins, with the third in the form and disposition of the

vomerine teeth, which are mostly conical and constitute a long

erescentic band, which is nowhere wider than the premaxillary

band. Nasal barbel } length of head; maxillary barbel 3,

barely reaching base of pectoral spine; occipital process

acutely pointed, a little longer than broad. D. 66; A. 43.

‘Total length 590 millim.

Albert Nyanza. A single specimen.

Petrochromis Andersonit.

D. XV113. A.IIL10. Sq. 325. L. lat. 21/18.

Depth of body 23 times in total length, length of head 3.

Diameter of eye 4% times in length of head ; mouth extending

to between nostril and eye; teeth extremely numerous,

forming very broad bands in both jaws; 3 series of scales on

the cheek; 25 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior arch.

Last dorsal spine much longer than middle ones. Pectoral

much longer than head, reaching a little beyond origin of

anal. Caudal truncate, very slightly emarginate. Olive

above, the scales darker at the base; yellowish beneath,

14 Occurrence of Salmo macrostigma in Sardinia.

mottled with brown and mother-of-pearl; spinous dorsal and

anal with numerous dark horizontal streaks; soft dorsal and

caudal with round light spots on a dark ground, the edge of

the fins bright yellow.

Total length 420 millim.

Albert Edward Nyanza. A single specimen.

This fine fish, one of the largest of the family Cichlide, is

named in memory of Dr. John Anderson. It is closely

allied to P. Tanganice, Gthr., from which it differs in the last

dorsal spine being much longer than the middle ones.

IV.—On the Occurrence of Salmo macrostigma 7

Sardinia. By G. A. BoULENGER, F.R.S.

THE British Museum has just received from Lieut. H. G. S.

Sandeman, R.N., several specimens, measuring from 64 to

13 inches, of the river-trout of Sardinia, which, referred to by

Cetti (“Anf. e Pesci di Sardegna,’ p. 74) as “ la Trota

Sarda” and by Carruccio (Atti Soc. Ital. xi. 1869, p. 569)

as Trutta fario, does not appear to have ever been carefully

examined or compared with examples from other parts. It

may therefore be interesting to place on record that these

specimens agree in every respect with the form of Sadmo trutta

which occurs in the rivers of the Atlas of Algeria and Mo-

rocco, and which has been described by Aug. Duméril as

Salar macrostigma (Rev. et Mag. de Zool. 1858, p. 396,

pl. x.). The species was based on young examples from the

rapid streams of the Wed-el-Abaich, in Kabylia, and the

name macrostigma was suggested by the parr-marks along

the sides of the fish: the name remains an appropriate one,

since it is characteristic of this variety to retain them through-

out life; at least they can be traced more or less distinctly

in specimens up to 13 inches long. The Sardinian Trout

agree in every respect with Algerian and Moroccan specimens

in the Museum, even in the low number of pyloric appendages,

of which I count only about twenty. The caudal fin is

deeply emarginate in the young, feebly in the adult. The

maxillary extends to below the posterior border of the orbit or

a little beyond. 10 to 12 gill-rakers on lower part of anterior

arch. 15scales between the posterior extremity of the adipose

fin and the lateral line. A large round black spot on the

cheek, on a level with the centre of the eye.

On a new Lizard from the Gaboon. 15

V.—Description of a new Lizard from the Gaboon.

By G. A. Boutencer, F.R.S.

Mabuia benitensis.

Snout moderate, pointed. Lower eyelid with an undivided

semitransparent disk. Nostril behind the vertical of the

suture between the rostral and the first labial ; a postnasal ;

anterior loreal in contact with the first labial; supranasals in

contact behind the rostral ; frontonasal broader than long, in

contact with the frontal; latter as long as the frontoparietals

and interparietal together, in contact with the second and

third supraoculars ; four supraoculars, second largest; six or

seven supraciliaries ; parietals just meeting behind the inter-

parietal; a pair of nuchals; subocular between the third and

fourth or fourth and fifth upper labials, about twice as long as

these shields, not narrowed inferiorly. Har-opening oval,

smaller than the eye-opening, with three or four very minute

lobules on its anterior border. Dorsal and lateral scales

quinquecarinate, the outer keels short ; nuchals sex-, septem-,

or novemcarinate ; 28 or 30 scales round the middle of the

body, subequal. The hind limb reaches the wrist or the

elbow of the adpressed fore limb. Subdigital lamella smooth.

Tail not twice as long as head and body. Greyish brown

above, with longitudinal series of blackish spots ; a blackish-

brown white-edged lateral band extending from the end of

the snout to the base of the fore limb; the lower white streak

is broader than the upper, borders the upper lip, and is itself

black-edged from below the ear; limbs with small whitish

spots; lower parts unitorm whitish.

millim

Motalleng thy. os hcr% eek oe seers 198

EIR ee CEE ee eee eee ELD Romans 16

Wercithwotneacleiers mani enn re 11

Body ett site as eld ee TaN 60

IHoneplintbe rear entk occ nstade « o eeSeen oe 24.

ETirrdelimlb ney aaeaalsa ieee oe wee 33

RED oS aos ane Bro Ol Ree a tire MRO & eee ae 124

Two specimens from the Benito River, French Congo,

collected by Mr. G. L. Bates.

Very closely allied to M. maculilabris, Gray. Distin-

guished by the more pointed snout, the greater number of

supraciliary shields, and the shorter outer keel on the dorsal

scales.

16 Col. C. Swinhoe on new

VI.—New Genera and Species of Eastern and Australian

Moths. By Colonel C. Swinson, M.A., F.L.S., &.

[Concluded from vol. vii. p. 501.)

Family Hypenide.

Subfamily Dzzrorprv az.

Genus AMILAGA, nov.

= Lucia, Walker, xiii. 1113 (1857) (preeocc.).

Differs from Badiza, Adrapsa, Bocana, and Asthala in the

palpi of the male having short stiff hair on the outer side of

the second joint, the third joint rather short, smooth, with a

thickening like a flattened club at the tip; no tuft in front;

antenne: with uniseriate rather long pectinations almost to

the tips and with a twist in the middle, but not knotted or

thickened; in the female the third joint of the palpi are

sickle-shaped and the antenne are minutely ciliated.

Amilaga geometroides.

Lucia geometroides, Walker, xiii. 1112 (1857).

Adrapsa geometroides, Ampsn. Moths Ind. iii. p. 88 (1895).

Sarawak, Borneo, Gilolo. Examples of both sexes.

Walker’s type specimen in Deltoid drawer no. 1 in the

B. M. collection is a female from Ceylon, and with it are

four examples of Adrapsa subapicalis, Moore; in the male of

this insect the antenne has long bristles and cilia, conse-

quently Hampson has so described the male of geometroides ;

in the same drawer are three unnamed males from Borneo,

the third of these is a male geometroides.

The type. of the genus Adrapsa is ablualis, Walker,

Hampson’s no. 2801, p. 37, but it is not the same as Bocana

subapicalis, Moore, as Hampson says the antenne of the male

of the former have uniseriate pectinations, and of the latter

long bristles and cilia.

Daata lintona, nov.

g. Brown, tips of the palpi with a black band of hairs:

fore wings with five dark brown, thin, transverse bands of

lunular-like marks, with pale outer edgings—the first near

the base, the others at equal distances apart, the fifth pale

and close to the margin; an indistinct brown stigma at end

of cell: hind wings with a subbasal band; a medial band

outwardly curved at the middle, then straight to below the

middle of the abdominal margin; a submarginal band like

Eastern and Australian Moths. 17

that on the fore wing; a lunule at the end of cell; both

wings with pale ochreous marginal thin festoon and dark

brown cilia: underside of a uniform dark brown colour, with

somewhat prominent nervular and internervular lines.

Expanse of wings 7% inch.

S.E. Borneo (Doherty).

Allied to D. bijungens, Walker.

There are seven examples of this species in the B. M.

from Borneo unnamed in Deltoid drawer no. 25.

Zanclognatha moloalis.

Bocana moloalis, Walker, xix. 887 (1859).

Hydrillodes lentalis, Hmpsn. (part.), Moths Ind. iii. p. 53 (1895).

Bertula partita, Ampsn. ill. Typ. Lep. Het. B. M. viii. p. 99, pl. exlviii.

fic. 13 (1891), |

Bleptina partita, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. iii. p. 45.

Sarawak, Borneo.

The type specimen is a female from Sarawak; the type of

partita 1s a female from the Nilgiri Hills. Hampson sank

moloalts as one of the synonyms of the common Hydrillodes

lentalis ; but I have now several of both sexes from Sarawak

and the Khasia Hills, and there are two males in the B. M.

from Ceylon; the females vary somewhat in colour, but some

of them are identical with Walker’s and Hampson’s types, and

there can be no manner of doubt that the two sexes belong to

the same species.

The male differs from the female in having a much larger

tuft of hair on the inner side of the third joint of the tarsi

and in having the discal pale line of fore wings less curved

and sinuous.

Pseudocraspedia (?) addescens, nov.

6. Uniform ochreous fawn-colour; palpi black above and

at the tips; collar black: fore wings with a black spot in

middle of cell, another at the end, two in the disc beyond the

cell, and two parallel to them near the margin; costa with

several black spots, three of them being close together near

apex; marginal line concolorous with the wing, with black

spots in the interspaces: hind wings with submarginal and

marginal rows of short black lunular spots and a spot at end

of cell: underside paler, with the nervular and internervular

lines prominent, with black cell-spot, costal and outer marginal

spots.

Expanse of wings 38, inch.

Coomoo, Queensland.

In shape this species is like a Craspedia.

Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. viii. 2

18 Col. C. Swinhoe on new

Pseudocraspedia (?) longipalpis, nov.

@. Of a uniform ochreous fawn-colour; palpi much

exaggerated, first and second joints black on the upperside,

second and third joints with black bands near the tips; thorax

with a black dot in the centre behind the collar; abdomen

with brown suffusion on the three middle and terminal

segments: fore wings with a black dot in middle and one

at end of cell, one at the base, three subbasal in a triangle,

two discal (one near apex and the other below the middle),

several on the costa, well separated, except towards the apex,

where there are three or four close together: hind wings with

a dot at end of cell, two or three outside the cell and less

distinct; both wings with submarginal dots in the inter-

spaces, close to the marginal line, which is black and

sinuous: underside paler, without any distinct markings ;

fore wings with the outer portions suffused with brown.

Expanse of wings 1,2; inch.

Sarawak, Borneo.

Fore wing rather longer than usual, the hinder margin

being nearly as long as the costa.

Cacyparts cetra, nov.

?. Palpi yellow, its upperside with a brown stripe, ter-

minal joint brown; head, thorax, and fore wings greyish

purple, irrorated with minute grey atoms and having a glossy

tinge ; space between the antenna with some silvery scales ;

a thin band of similar scales across the thorax: fore wings

with a short basal band of silvery scales, and some on the

hinder margin; a brown spot at end of cell, a short straight

band from costal third, a spot on costa beyond the middle,

one opposite the cell, one above middle of hinder margin, and

a subapical costal streak, all covered with silvery scales; a

large subapical black ocellus with a yellow ring, a similar

ocellus on middle of hinder margin, and some marginal grey

lunules with silvery scales running down the margin: hind

wings yellow, without markings: underside, body, legs, and

wings dull yellow ; fore wings with a broad discal brown band,

touching neither the costa nor the hinder angle.

Expanse of wings 14 inch.

Gilolo (Doherty).

Allied to C. elegans, Butler, which, however, has a broad

whitish band on fore wing from before centre of costa to

hinder angle.

Eastern and Australian Moths. 19

Subfamily Hyrzwzwz.

Marapana tuga, nov.

3 2. Ochreous fawn-colour, second joint of the palpi with

two blackish stripes, last joint with two black bands: fore

wings with some black dots on the costa at even distances

apart, three or four in the inner portion of the wing ; reniform

stigma large, round, dark red ringed with black; a cluster of

black scales on its outer sides and two short black streaks

above in a line with the apex, with a few black subcostal

points above it; marginal points also black: hind wings

blackish grey, paling towards the base; cilia of both wings

greyish ochreous: underside with the fore wings uniform dull

brown, with some black dots on outer half of costa; hind

wings ochreous grey; a black cell-spot, medial and discal

incomplete brown transverse lines; both wings with marginal

black points and greyish ochreous cilia.

Expanse of wings 1,55 inch.

Sarawak, Borneo.

In some of the specimens the black apical streak on the

fore wings is more or less obsolete.

Genus HETERORMISTA, nov.

Fore wing with costa nearly straight, very slightly in-

curved in the middle, shortly but strongly depressed before

apex; outer margin distinctly elbowed at vein 4, slightly

erenulate ; hind wing with rounded outer margin, the anal

angle obliquely truncate, the abdominal margin short; an-

tennz of male strongly pectinate for three fourths its length,

of female simple, filitorm ; forehead with a prominent tuft of

scales; palpi as in the genus Hypena, long, porrect, laterally

flattened, fringed with hair above and below; tongue and

‘frenulum present; pectus and femora somewhat hairy; hind

tibie with four spurs. Fore wing with the cell half the

length of the wing; discocellular vertical, slightly inangu-

lated ; median vein shortly bent upwards at extremity, vein 2

at two thirds, 3 from the bend, close before 4, 5 just above 4,

6 from upper angle, 7, 8, and 9 stalked from upper angle, 10

from two thirds anastomosing with 11, closely approximated

to 10 throughout, but not anastomosing: hind wings with

the cell shorter than half the wing; costal well separated

from subcostal, veins 6 and 7 and 3 and 4 from the angles of

the cell, 5 well above 4.

Heterormista modesta, nov.

& ?. Greyish fawn-colour, with very sparse black irro-

Q%

20 Col. C. Swinhoe on new

rations: fore wings with the basal and medial lines very

slightly marked except by black costal dots, outcurved in the

middle; outer line from three fifths of costa to two thirds of

hinder margin, paler than the ground-colour, edged inwardly

by blackish scales, oblique outwards to vein 7, then vertical

and irregularly sinuous; submarginal line very obscure, indi-

cated by dark dots between the veins; slight dark marginal

lunules; cilia fawn-colour, with the outer half pale and

marked by dark specks at the ends of the veins; a pale dot

in base of cell, two black dots on discocellular: hind wings

with two discocellular dots, larger and more conspicuous ;

traces of antemedian, postmedian, and submarginal dark lines,

all more prominent towards abdominal margin, the submar-

ginal preceded by a more or less conspicuous ochreous shade ;

the outer half of both wings sometimes darker than the inner:

underside, fore wings tinged with brown, and with traces of

a diffused dark submarginal shade, not reaching the costa, and

in some specimens the discal dots and line are blackish and

conspicuous.

The female is paler than the male, slightly tinged with

ochreous, and with the dark submarginal fascia of the under-

side visible through the wing.

Eixpanse of wings 144 inch.

Dawson, Queensland.

Bomolocha herpa, nov.

3 ¢. Palpi, head, body, and wings olive-brown, with a

chocolate tinge: fore wings to a little beyond the middle

dark chocolate-brown, limited by a nearly upright straight

blackish line, with prominent outer white edge; a black spot

outwardly white-edged in the cell; a black spot at the end of

the cell, touching the outer side of the white edge of the trans-

verse line; a discal row of black points, with white on their

outer sides, pale marginal points, and brown marginal line to

both wings: hind wings brown, without markings: under-

side brownish grey ; a black subapical dot with white on its

outer side on fore wings, a black cell-spot on hind wings,

indications of a discal line on both wings, and a submarginal

grey-brown band on hind wings.

Expanse of wings 15), inch.

2 0

Port Blair, Andamans.

Superficially like Hartta rectilinea, Moore. There is an

example from Sikkim in the B. M. mixed up with B, obstupi-

dalis, Swinh., and another from the Khasia Hills with

B. obfuscalis, Hmpsn.; but the central band is straighter,

more erect, and differently situated.

Eastern and Australian Moths. 21

Bomolocha tuma, nov.

3. Brown, with a pinkish tinge; second joint of palpi

black at the tips, third joint white at the tips: fore wing with

a white dot at end of cell; a large blackish central space,

which narrows into an angle on the hinder margin, limited on

its inner side by a line from costal fifth to near hinder

margin beyond the middle, and on its outer side by a perpen-

dicular black line with white outside edge, which is outwardly

angled, once above the middle and twice below it; an in-

distinct similarly shaped pale brown line a little beyond,

the space between being pale grey; a large blackish-brown

apical patch, in which is a whitish apical streak, two white

spear-pointed marks, and four pale costal dots; marginal

points whitish ; some similar points at the extremity of the

interlined brown cilia: hind wing with a_ blackish-brown

marginal line and a black patch at the anal angle, partly on

the cilia and partly on the margin; cilia brown and inter-

lined.

Expanse of wings 1,°, inch.

Jaintia Hills.

Examples of this species from Borneo and Singapore are in

the B. M. collection unnamed. —

Genus APHYPENA, nov.

Fore wings narrow, elongate ; costa evenly curved through-

out, apex nearly rectangular ; outer margin vertical to the end

of vein 3, where there is a prominent angle, on either side of

which the margin is a little incurved (in the male the outer

margin is merely bluntly elbowed), below the angle the

margin becomes very oblique, crenulatein the female, the

hinder angle well marked; the hinder margin strongly con-

vex along basal half and as strongly concave on the outer

half: hind wings semicircular, both angles rounded; in the

male the abdominal margin contains a fold of stiff hairs,

which are expansible from the base, the wing itself being

much narrower than in the female: abdomen reaching well

beyond the hind wings, in the male considerably so; the

basal segment is tufted above in both sexes, and in the male

there is a thick lateral tuft of hairs on the lower surface

behind the hind femora, which are also with tufts; frontal

tuft prominent ; antenne of male pubescent, with short sparse

bristles, of the female simple; palpi porrect; the second

joint hairy above and below, the third rostriform, smoother,

porrect and drooping ; tongue present.

22 Col. C. Swinhoe on new

Fore wing: cell three fifths of wing, the discocellular very

slender and concave; vein 2 from one half, 3 from five

sixths, 4 and 5 close together from lower end of cell, 6 from

just below upper angle; areole minute; 9 anastomosing with

stem of 7 and 8. Hind wings with vein 2 from two thirds,

3 and 4 close together from end of cell, 5 from little above

lower angle, 6 and 7 from upper angle.

Type Aphypena (Hypena) dissimulans, Hmpsu., Bomb.

Nat. Hist. Soc. xi. (4) p. 707 (1898).

The type came from the Khasia Hills.

Khasia Hills; Pulo Laut, Borneo.

Genus EXUCOSMOCARA, nov.

Fore wings elongate, almond-shaped ; costa slightly

curved ; apex obtuse; hind margin obliquely curved; anal

angle obtuse: hind wings narrow ; abdominal margin running

into outer margin without any perceptible anal angle, the

outer margin slightly projecting in the middle; palpi porrect,

four times as long as the head, laterally flattened, thickly and

roughly clothed above, terminal joint fine and pointed; an-

tenne of male symmetrically plumose, of the female simple

and filiform; forehead with a strong tuft of hairs; legs

rather thick, hind tibia with four spurs.

Fore wing with the cell three fifths of the wing, vein 2

from two thirds of cell, 3 shortly before 4, 5 close above 4,

6 from below upper angle, 7 and 8 stalked from the angle, 9

and 10 stalked, 11 free: hind wings with 3 and 4, and 6 and

7 stalked, 5 from just below middle of discocellular, cell two

thirds length of wing; vein 8 coincident with 7 till nearly

end of cell.

Eucosmocara plumifera, nov.

3 ¢. Antenne, palpi, head, thorax, and fore wings pale

ochreous fawn-colour: fore wings thickly irrorated with grey

atoms ; two black spots longitudinally placed in the cell, two

at the end, and one in the disc beyond; the double spots

stand in a small blackish suffused space ; two or three black

spots in the disc, marginal points black; cilia ochreous,

shining ; abdomen and hind wings ochreous grey, costal and

apical portions of the wing darker grey, cilia slightly ochreous

and paler: underside uniform ochreous grey, a brown spot at

the end of each cell.

Expanse of wings 48) inch.

Sarawak, Borneo.

Eastern and Australian Moths. 23

Genus STENOPALTIS, nov.

Fore wing elongate, narrow ; costa nearly straight; apex

acute, outer margin oblique, sinuate, curving continuously

into the hinder margin, without forming any distinct angle ;:

hind wings very narrow; abdominal margin short, outer

margin almost straight; palpi three times as long as the

head, porrect, laterally flattened, densely clothed above and

below, terminal joint short and pointed ; antenna very slender

and segmented, in the female perfectly filiform, in the male

finely ciliated ; forehead with a slight cone of hairs; tongue

and frenulum present ; hind tibia with four spurs.

Fore wing with the cell about half the length of the wing;

vein 2 from two thirds, 3 a little before end of cell, 5 close

above 4, 6 from below upper angle, 7 from the angle, 8, 9,

and 10 stalked, 11 free: hind wing with 3 and 4, and 6 and 7

stalked, 5 from just below middle of discocellular.

Stenopaltis lithina, nov.

6 2. White, irrorated with grey; a brown spot at the end

of each cell: fore wings with the costal border rather broadly

speckled with grey, and some brown and white spots on costal

edge; -both wings crossed by antemedial, medial, and discal

duplex brown thin bands, the antemedial band almost obsolete

on the hind wings; the veins on fore wings outside the discal

band broadly brown; both wings with a brown marginal

line and brown points; cilia white, with a brown basal band ;

abdomen pale brown, with white segmental bands; palpi

speckled with grey ; head and thorax white.

EXxpanse of wings 3p inch.

Coomoo, Queensland.

Superficially much resembles another Australian species,

Areopterum canescens, Walker, which has, however, short

upright palpi.

Moscha variabilis, nov.

g@. Very variable in colour, in some examples dark ochreous

brown, and to pale ochreous pink there are many gradations;

in some the palpi are brown, in others pink; the head and

thorax in two examples are white, but all have exactly the

same markings: fore wings with a subbasal black dot and

two at the end of cell—an antemedial, outwardly curved,

sinuous brown line, a medial straight line, angled behind the

two dots acutely inwards to the costa ; between these two lines

in one example the space is pure white ; an angled and sinuous

discal line, outwardly curved; an indistinct submarginal line

24 Col. C. Swinhoe on new

with white dots on it; a marginal line and a line at the end

of the cilia; two brown, nearly obliquely square patches on

the costa between apex and middle: hind wings with corre-

sponding lines, but indistinct: underside darker brown, with

central straight and discal curved lines, the latter with some

rather prominent white spots; in the paler specimens there

is a brown suffused patch on hind wings above near the anal

angle, and in one example all the lines beyond the middle are

obsolete.

Expanse of wings 7 inch.

Queensland.

Marked somewhat like Prolophota trigonifera, Hmpsn.,

the colour of which is pure white.

Family Nymphulide.

Genus HEMILOBA, nov. ‘

Fore wings very narrow and elongate; the costa strongly

convex towards apex, which is depressed; outer margin very

oblique to below middle, then strongly insinuate and rounder

to the hinder angle: hind wings with the abdominal margin

very short; outer margin twice strongly incised, so as to

form two lobes—the median broader than the apical, the

remainder to anal angle sinuate and truncate: antennee short,

thick, lamellate, finely pubescent, the basal joint swollen;

labial palpi porrect; maxillary palpi thickened towards

extremity ; tongue and frenulum present; hind legs with the

tibie and tarsi very long, the former with four spurs; the

femora short, clothed with a tuft of fuscous and black hairs.

Fore wings with cell two thirds of wing, narrow, the

median vein being above the middle of wing, vein 2 shortly

before lower angle of cell, 3, 4, and 5 close together from

the end, 7 from the upper angle, 6 from just below it, 8, 9,

and 10 stalked, 11 free; vein 2 runs shortly into the mar-

ginal sinus, terminal third above the submedian fold, with a

fringe of hairs: hind wings with veins 6, 7, and 8 ending in

the apical lobe, 2, 3, 4, and 5 apparently in the median lobe,

but the veins are swollen and contorted, forming a puckered

space before margin at inner edge of lobe, the edges of the

lobes as well as the outer margin itself with long cilia.

Hemiloba excisa, nov.

g. Pale greyish pink: fore wings with a broad white

band from base to middle, a white space on costa one third

from apex, a black sinuous submarginal line, with a white

Eastern and Australian Moths. 25

band on its inner side below the costa and a white space in

the disc: hind wings with a broad white medial band edged

with black ; a white spot and a cluster of black spots at the

margin of the central lobe, indications of one or two black

spots on the upper lobe; a short black marginal lobe out-

wardly edged with white near the anal angle: cilia of both

wings grey.

Exxpanse of wings 7/5 inch.

Jaintia Hills.

Somewhat resembling Aulacodes polydora, Meyrick, but

the exaggerated lobes of the hind wings will easily distin-

guish it.

Oligostigma sanguinisecta, nov.

36. Bright ochreous, irrorated and marked with bright

crimson: fore wings with the costal line black, double for

two thirds its length from the base ; two or three black longi-

tudinal lines (two of which terminate in white streaks) below

the costa, and many crimson longitudinal streaks, all limited

by the white discal transverse band, edged with black on its

inner side (the white of the band obsolete towards the hinder

margin) ; a similar submarginal complete band, edged with

black on both sides, marginal line black ; space between the

bands bright crimson: hind wings more crimson than the fore

wings, the streaks indistinct, but the irrorations more dense ;

a discal waved transverse black line; four marginal black

spots with white on their inner sides on a bright crimson

ground—one pair near apex, the other near the middle,

from these latter pair is a white marginal band edged with

black on both sides; on the inner side of the spots is an

indistinct grey band, which is apparently a continuation of

the black-bordered white band near the anal angle; cilia of

both wings ochreous, with black patches.

EXxxpanse of wings 74-335 inch.

Sarawak, Borneo.

A very beautiful little insect.

Family Pyraustide.

Subfamily Hruzvirwz.

Chalcidoptera incomitata.

Nagia incomitata, Swinh. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) xiv. p. 205

(1894).

Nosophora chironalis, Hmpsn. (nec Walker), Moths Ind. iy, p. 289

(1896) ; Hmpsn. P. Z, 8. 1898, p, 662,

Khasia Hills.

26 On new Eastern and Australian Moths.

I described a female, which by mistake was stated to be a

male; Sir George Hampson sank it to Nosophora chironalis,

Walker, the type of which is in the Oxford Museum; but, as

stated at p. 470, vol. ii. Cat. Het. Mus. Oxon., this was

a mistake. J have now two males from the same locality

identical with the female type. The species does not belong to

the genus Nosophora, but seems to me to fit into Section LV. B

of Hampson’s genus Chalcidoptera.

§ ip

Subfamily Prravsrivz.

Pachyzancla submarginalis, nov.

go. Of a uniform dull ochreous, irrorated with very minute

grey atoms; palpi blackish brown at the sides, lines and

spots brown : fore wings with a spot on costa one fourth from

base, one in the cell, and another at the end; antemedial and

postmedial very fine transverse lines, both sinuous, the former

from costal spot outwardly oblique to hinder margin before

the middle, the latter from costa at one fourth from apex

curved outwards opposite the cell, then inwards below end of

cell, then downwards to hinder margin beyond the middle ;

both these lines have corresponding lines on the hind wing,

the inner one indistinct, the outer one shaped as on the fore

wing; both wings with a submarginal line and marginal

crenulated festoon, close together, the latter dark and distinct,

making the border look as if it had a slight marginal band ;

there is also a cell-spot on the hind wing: underside with

the coloration more obscure ; cell-spots as above; the outer

bands indicated by some dull grey spots; pectus white, body

and legs ochreous ; fore legs with a black band.

Expanse of wings 3°) inch.

Sarawak, Borneo.

There is an example of this species in the B. M. from Ké

Island placed with P. hépponalis, Walker ; but from this it

is quite distinct.

Pionea acutangulata, nov.

g. Of a uniform pale ochreous yellow above: fore wings

with four dark ochreous transverse lines, antemedial, medial,

discal, and submarginal, the last rather far from the margin

and joining the third at the hinder margin near the angle; all

the lines smooth and outwardly curved: hind wings with the

costal portion white; three transverse similar lines, corre-

sponding to the first, second, and third lines of the fore wing,

and all meeting close together at the anal angle; marginal

Mr. O. Thomas on a new Galago. 27

line of both wings dark ochreous: underside, pectus white,

wings without markings, costal line of fore wings brown.

Expanse of wings 1 1, inch.

Jaintia Hills.

Mixed up with P. ochrealis, Moore, in some collections,

but is of a different shade of colour; the scaling is different,

the markings are smoother, and the shape of the fore wing

different, the apex being produced to an acute angle.

VII.—Some new African Bats (including one from the Azores)

and a new Galago. By OLDFIELD THOMAS.

Galago gallarum, sp. n.

Allied to G. senegalensis, teng, &c., but of a much paler

colour.

Size about as in the species above named. Fur close, soft

and velvety, the hairs of the back about 8-10 millim. in

length. General colour of back nearly Ridgway’s “ ecru

drab,” the hairs in detail being dark slaty grey for their basal

halves, then fulvous or cinnamon, with a whitish subterminal

and a minute black terminal ring. Face rather paler; middle

line of muzzle white, bordered on each side with the blackish

orbital ring. ars large, practically naked. Outer side of

fore and whole of hind lmbs ochre-yellow, paling on the

hands and feet to yellowish white. Belly dull white, the

hairs slaty based ; chin, inner side of fore limbs, and inguinal

region clearer white, the hairs white to their bases. ‘Tail

pale smoky grey, darkening to black on the terminal brush.

Approximate dimensions of the type (measured in skin) :—

Head and body 190 millim.; tail 260; hind foot 66; ear

(shrunk) 30. pr

A second speeimen (measured in the flesh) has the following

dimensions :—

Head and body 165; tail 225; ear 34. .

The skull of the type is unfortunately lost and that of the

second specimen much broken, so that only the following

measurements can be taken on it :—

Breadth of brain-case on squamosals 22; length of parietal

suture 18; upper tooth-row, from front of canine to back of

m., 15; lower tooth-row, from tip of incisors to back of m.*,

15; combined length of three lower molars 7:2.

Hab. (type). Webi Dau, Boran Galla Country.

Type. B.M. no. 0. 3. 27. 1. Collected 19th April, 1897,

28 Mr. O. Thomas on

and presented by Lord Delamere. The second specimen (a

male) was obtained on November 21, 1899, to the south-east

of Lake Stephanie, at an altitude of 3000 feet, and was

yresented by Dr. Donaldson Smith. It is the Galago galago

of my paper on the latter explorer’s collection *.

This species is no doubt the Somaliland and Gallaland

representative of the group of Galagos to which the names

G. galago, senegalensis, teng, and zanzibaricus have been

applied, but is evidently distinct from any of them. From

the grey ones it differs by its drab coloration, and from the

“zimmet-farbigen ” zanzibaricus by its yellow limbs and the

white subterminal bands to its dorsal hairs.

CL@OTIS f, gen. nov. (Lhinolophide) .

Allied to Hipposiderus, Asellia, and Tricenops.

Nose-leat tridentate, its details apparently somewhat as in

Tricnops.

Ears short, rim-like, almost without tip, their outer and

inner edges arising close together.

Thumbs extremely minute.

Tail scarcely projecting from membrane.

Anterior upper premolars present, but minute. Last molars

nearly as large as the penultimate.

Nasal pait of skull disproportionally small and feeble.

Basal region broad between bulla, without vacuities, strongly

ridged laterally.

This bat does not appear to be assignable to any known

genus. Its ear-structure, described in detail below, is quite

unique, the shape of the ears being in this family very charac-

teristic of the different genera. The complicated tridentate

structure of the nose-leaf recalls Zri@nops, but the proportions

of the skull are very different, nor is there any trace of the

remarkable vertical expansion of the zygomata present in

that bat. Nor do any of the species of Asediia show any

approximation to Cleoitis.

It is unfortunate that the two specimens were both sent as

skins, so that, although one has been softened, the nose-leaf

cannot yet be accurately described in detail, nor can any

figure be given.

Cleotis Percivali, sp. n.

Size very small, perhaps less than in any other member of

the family. General build very light and delicate. Nose-

* P. Z. S. 1900, p. 802.

+ kdovos, a collar.

some new African Bats. 29

leaf with many resemblances to that of Trdwnops, the poste-

rior part similarly tridentate, the three points thinly hairy ;

below them in the middle line there is a small median projec-

tion, not so long as in Trdenops ; in front of that, again, there

is something representing the anterior median plate in

Tricenops, but it is produced forwards into two small pro-

jecting points ; horizontal horseshoe small, a narrow supple-

mentary leaf apparently present. Outside and behind the

tridentate leaf, between it and the eyes, there are two small

projections covered with long liairs. ars short, their outer

and inner margins rising close together some way behind the

eyes; the two margins are symmetrical with each other,

rising vertically a short distance, then bending round abruptly

and passing straight back to meet each other at the scarcely

perceptible tip; the greatest height of the ear behind is only

about one fifth higher than the point at which the two margins

bend backwards in front. In fact the whole ear is very like

a man’s “ stand-up” collar with the angles in front rounded

off.

Wings very delicately made; thumbs quite minute, the

terminal part free from the membrane only about 2 millim.

long, including the claw. Wings attached to the distal end

of the tibia. Calcars short, reaching only about halfway up

the tibia. Tail apparently of only five joints, the last one

scarcely projecting from the membrane, which is acutely

pointed behind.

Fur fine, soft, and silky, about 6 millim. long on the back.

Face bright buffy ; crown greyish; back greyish brown, the

hairs uniformly coloured. Hairs of underside slaty grey

basally, yellowish white terminally.

Wing and interfemoral membranes uniformly smoky

brown.

Skull with the part in front of the orbits much less broad

and swollen than in other members of the family, the brain-

case being disproportionally large. Aygomata strongly con-

vergent forwards. Palate ending opposite the middle of

m.*. Basal region of skull broad between the bullee, without

vacuities, but with two strongly marked divergent ridges

running from the base of the pterygoids to the antero-internal

corners of the bulla; sphenoidal fissures large and widely

open.

Beper incisors spatulate, indistinctly bicuspid. Canines

with a small posterior secondary cusp at half their height.

Anterior upper premolars minute, crushed in in the outer

angle between the approximated canine and posterior premolar.

Last molar about four fifths the size in cross-section of the

30 | Mr. O. Thomas on

penultimate molar. Lower incisors tricuspid, overlapping.

Anterior lower premolar well developed, two thirds the height

of the next.

Dimensions of the type :—

Forearm 31 millim.

Head and body (in flesh) 35; tail 28; ear 8.

Skull: greatest length 13; basal length 9:5; zygomatic

breadth 7; breadth above orbits 3°3 ; interorbital constriction

1°8; mastoid breadth 6°5 ; front of canine to back of m.* 3-8.

Dimensions of a specimen softened and put in spirit :—

Forearm 382.

Head and body (c.) 34; tail 26; height of ear behind 5;

third finger, metacarpus 26, first phalanx 10°5, second phalanx

14; lower leg 13°5; hind foot (s. u.) 5°53; calcar 8.

- Hab.:'Takaungu, N.of Mombasa, British Kast Africa.

Type. Male. B.M. no. 1.5. 1.11. Collected 15th Feb-

ruary, 1901, and presented by Mr. A. B. Percival.

Mr. Percival is to be congratulated on the discovery of this

interesting little bat, which is widely different from anything

hitherto known.

Nyeteris cethioprca luteola, subsp. n.

Similar to the typical form in essential characters, but

slightly larger, with longer posterior extremities, and of more

yellowish coloration.

Fur soft, fine, and straight, the hairs of the back about

-9 millim. in length, considerably longer than those of true

ethiopica. Humeri and proximal halves of forearms clothed

with fur, which also extends on to the wing-membrane.

Base of interfemoral membrane and proximal halves of femora

also hairy. Below, the fur extends further back on the

wing-membrane, but less on the interfemoral than above.

General colour above dull buffy, not far from Ridgway’s

“¢ clay-colour,” browner posteriorly and on the humeri. — Indi-

vidually the hairs are glossy buff, with brown tips. Below,

ihe colour throughout is clear buff, very near Ridgway’s

pl. v. fig. 13.

Ears and tragus as in true @thiopica. Forearms rather

longer; tail, lower legs, and feet decidedly longer.

Skull similar to, but rather larger than, that of true wthio-

pica.

Dimensions of the type (in skin) :—

Forearm 56 millim. ;

T'ail (vertebree) 57; lower leg and foot, including claws, 36.

Skull: greatest length from occiput to tip of canines 22:2 ;

some new African Bats. a1

zygomatic breadth 13; breadth of frontal shield 7:8; upper

tooth-row, from front of canine to back of m.’, 7°5.

_ The measurements of an adult spirit-specimen are given by

Dobson (P. Z. S. 1879, p. 718) under the name of N. ethio-

pica. In that specimen the tail is 59 millim. long and the

lower leg and foot 37, just about the same as in the type.

On the other hand, in a series of true wthiopica from Shendy,

Soudan, therefore practically topotypes, the tail does not

exceed 53 millim., and the lower leg with foot 33 millim.,

these measurements being very uniform in all.

Hab. Kitui, British East Africa, alt. 3500 feet. Another

specimen from Zanzibar.

Type. Female. B.M. no. 1.5.6.4. Collected 14th Feb-

ruary, 1901, and presented by §. L. Hinde, Esq.

The original series of N. wthiopica, from Kordofan, consists

of three faded skins, with imperfect skulls ; but fortunately,

just as Mr. Hinde’s specimen needed determination, the Mu-

seum has been presented by Messrs. N. C. Rothschild and

A. F. R. Wollaston with a very nice set, both skins and

spirit-specimens, from Shendy, on the Upper Nile, and these

have enabled me to satisfy myself as to the constancy of the

dig*inguishing characters of the new form.

As already indicated, the example from Zanzibar, referred

to by Dobson (P. Z. 8. 1879, p. 718), proves to belong, as

might be expected, to N. @. luteola.

Vespertilio platyops, sp. n.

A large pale-coloured species, with the bicuspid incisors of

V. serotinus, but with a broad blunt tragus.

Size rather less than in the Serotine. Head very flat.

Ears of medium length, their inner margin strongly convex

in its basal third, evenly slightly convex above to the rounded

tip; outer margin slightly concave above, then convex to the

notch, and ending in a low rounded lobe. Tragus broad,

expanded above its broadest point at about the middle of its

inner margin; Inner margin straight, joining above at a

rounded angle the strongly convex outer margin; a small

triangular external basal lobule present.

Wings from the base of the toes. A small postcalcareal

lobule. Tail projecting from the membrane by the last

vertebra.

Colour above (in spirit) uniform dull fawn or sandy; below

dull whitish. Membranes brown, the plagiopatagium and

interfemoral inconspicuously edged with whitish behind.

Skull very broad and flat ; crests meeting posteriorly, but

32 Mr. O. Thomas on

not drawn out into a marked projecting angle, as in the

Serotine.

Teeth very much as in the Serotine. Inner upper incisors

bicuspid, outer minute. Lower incisors tricuspid, overlapping,

their line more directly transverse and less angular than in

the Serotine. Anterior lower molar slightly smaller in pro-

portion to the second than in the allied species.

Dimensions of the type (in spirit) :—

Forearm 46 millim.

Head and body 62; tail 39; hind foot (s. u.) 8°55 ear 16;

tragus, length on inner edge 4, breadth 3 ; third finger, meta-

carpal 43, first phalanx 16, second phalanx 14; lower

leg 20:5.

Skull: greatest length 19; basipalatal length 15; zygo-

matic breadth 14; breadth between orbits 8; constriction 4:3 ;

palate, length 7°5; breadth across outer corners of m.* 8°5.

Hab. Lagos.

Type. Female in spirit. B.M. no. 88.5.17. 3. Presented

by the late Dr. G. E. Dobson.

The characters of this species are strongly confirmatory of

the view that ‘ Hptesecus”’ should not be separated from

Vespertilio, for with the large size, heavy build, and more or

less the crested skull of the former it has the broad tragus of

he typical Vespertilio.

V. megalurus, the only other African species as large as

V. platyops, has unicuspidate middle upper incisors.

Vespertilio minutus somalicus, subsp. n.

Closely allied to the typical V. minutus, Temm., but

distinguished by smaller size, at least of head, and much

paler coloration.

General characters as in V. minutus, the description of that

animal in Dobson’s Catalogue agreeing in all details except

those referring to colour, though it may be also noticed that

the inner margin of the ear, instead of being “‘ slightly convex

to the tip,” is flat or even faintly concave for its middle

third.

General colour of fur above dull buffy, the hairs blackish

slate for two thirds of their length, with their tips buffy ;

beneath the bases are equally dark, the tips being dull

whitish. Hairs of back rather more than 6 millim. long,

Wing-membranes smoky brown, interfemoral membrane

paler brown, both prominently edged with whitish, recalling

the white edging of Pipistrellus Kuhlii on the same parts.

Skull very small and delicate, smaller than South-African

9

some new African Bats. 3d

specimens, although the forearm measurement does not appear

to be less. The head is therefore apparently rather smaller in

proportion.

Dimensions of the type (measured in flesh) :—

Forearm 31 millim.

Head and body 44; tail 35; ear 10.

Skull: greatest length 12°5 ; basipalatal length 9°6; zygo-

matic breadth 8; interorbital breadth 3:1; breadth of brain-

case 6°7.

Dimensions of a spirit-specimen ( ? ) :—

Forearm 30.

Head and body 42; tail 35; ear 11; tragus on inner

edge 3°3; lower leg 13.

Hab. Somaliland. Type from Hargaisa, 3500 feet ; other

specimens from Berbera.

Type. B.M. no. 98. 6. 9. 1. Collected 14th November,

1897, and presented by R. McD. Hawker, Esq. Other

specimens presented by E. Lort Phillips, Esq.

This subspecies may be readily distinguished from the

typical form by its far paler colour and prominently white-

edged wing-membranes.

Pterygistes azoreum, sp. n.

Very similar to the other species, which scarcely differ

among themselves except in size, but smaller than any of

them.

General characters, so far as can be made out on the single

specimen, as in P, Letslerz, to which this form was assigned

by Drouet and Peters *. But the size is markedly less, the

general build is lighter, the ears appear to be rather broader

and more rounded, while the tragus is slightly narrower and

more pointed.

Colour, in a spirit-specimen, apparently of the usual dark

brown characteristic of Pterygistes. Hairs of back about

6 millim. in length.

Skull, as compared with that of P. Lezsler7, smaller and more

delicate throughout, smooth, unridged, no sagittal and scarcely

any lambdoid crests perceptible in an old male. Teeth

practically identical throughout with those of P. Ledslerd.

Dimensions of the type (an old male, in spirit) :—

Forearm 37 millim.

Head and body 54; tail 42; ear 12; tragus, length on

inner edge 3, breadth 2; third finger, metacarpus 36:5, first

phalanx 15, second phalanx 10°5; fifth finger, metacarpal 31,

* Cf. Godman, Nat. Hist. Azores, p. 17 (1870).

Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. viii. 3

34 On some new African Bats.

first phalanx 8, second phalanx 4:7; lower leg 17; hind

foot (s. u.) 7°7.

Skull: greatest length 14:2; basipalatal length 11; zygo-

matic breadth 9:4; posterior breadth 9; breadth between

orbits 6°4; constriction 4:4; length of palate 5; breadth

between outer borders of m.* 6:2; front of canine to back of

m.” 5°1.

Hab. St. Michael’s, Azores.

Type. Male. B.M. no. 65.10. 2.1. Collected and pre-

sented by F. DuCane Godman, Esq. One specimen only.

The single specimen has all its claws, both of feet and

thumb, worn down quite blunt. Whether this is accidental

or due to the nature of its habitat remains to be seen.

From the gigantic P. maximus and lasiopterus, through

P. noctula, stenopterus, and Leislert, there is a regular grada-

tion in size down to this small Azorean representative of the

group, all of them differing from each other in little else but

size and the correlated development of the cranial ridges.

I accept with some hesitation the generic separation of the

noctula group from Pipistrellus, advocated by Gray, Jerdon,

H. Allen, Miller, and Méhely, on the ground that not only

is the general build of the body different, but that the wings

even are different in shape, owing to the reduction in length

of the fifth digit. At the same time it must be admitted that

some of the Indian species of Pipistrellus, such as P. ceylonicus,

chrysothriz, mordax, &c., approximate to a certain extent to

Pterygistes, and render the distinction less marked than it

appears to naturalists who have only compared with each

other such extreme forms as Pterygistes noctula and Pipi-

strellus pipistrellus.

Pipistrellus Kuhlit fuscatus, subsp. n.

Similar in all essential respects, in size, proportions, shape

of ears and tragus, and in dentition, to the true P. Kuhliz, but

distinguished by its uniform dark colour. The body is dark

smoky brown above and scarcely lighter below, and the ears

and volar membranes are uniformly dark slaty grey, without

trace of the white edging so characteristic of P. Kuhlit.

Dimensions of the type (an adult male in spirit) :—

Forearm 35 millim. :

Head and body 45; tail 34; ear 12°5; tragus on inner

edge 4; third finger, metacarpal 32, first phalanx 12, second

phalanx 10; lower leg 14:5.

Hab. Naivasha, British East Africa.

Type. Male. Collected 19th October, 1900, and presented

by Sir H. H. Johnston.

On the Rutelid Genus Adorodocia. 35

VIII.— The Rutelid Genus Adorodocia and a new Allied

form. By Gitpert J. ARROW.

IN continuation of remarks recently made in this Magazine

(May 1901) upon the genus Adoretus and some of its allies,

I have afew observations to make upon the genus Adorodocia

of Brenske (‘ Societas Entomologica,’ 1893, p. 1), a chance

examination of which has opened up questions of extreme

interest and shown the genus to be in some respects the most

remarkable in the family to which it belongs.

The genus was formed for a new species, Adorodocta

maxima, the author including in it also Adoretus latissimus,

Blanch., to which, from the description, he believed A. séri-

gatus, Waterh., to be closely related, if not actually the same.

Upon examination of the last species I find it to agree exactly,

in spite of M. Fairmaire’s positive statement to the contrary

(Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. 1896, p. 455), with the characters

mentioned by Herr Brenske as distinguishing his genus,

which, however, do not apply to the true Adoretus latissimus

(evidently the A. ewnectoides, Fairm.). It seems therefore

that A. strigatus is the insect referred to by Herr Brenske

under the name of latissimus. ‘Vhe thoracic marks, as he

thought likely, have a tendency to disappear ; but while those

of A. strigatus consist of longitudinal stripes parallel to the

margins, A. latissimus has a transverse row of spots. The

latter species, although of extraordinary form, the elytra

being produced laterally into a broad flange, is in its structural

details a true Adoretus, while in Adorodocia strigata, on the

contrary, external resemblance is the chief bond with that

genus. In addition to the flattened prosternal process, the

emarginate labium, and the cleft terminal segment of the

abdomen, an important feature not observed by Herr Brenske

is the possession of a conspicuous membranous fringe to the

elytra, the absence of which, according to Lacordaire, is the

distinguishing characteristic of the group Adoretides. Al-

though the existence of a prosternal process seems to forbid

its being assigned to any other group, itis impossible to refuse

significance to this character, especially as it occurs in con-

junction with so many other peculiar features. In fact, until

a new system of classification is devised to replace that of

Lacordaire, this genus also must be added to those which

gather upon the uncertain borderlands, finding as yet no

ordered resting-place.

The remarkable form of the last abdominal segment of this

insect is characteristic of the male sex, the female showing

only the slightest reminiscence of it. As might be supposed,

é

36 Mr. G. J. Arrow on

the male apparatus connected with this structure is exceed-

ingly peculiar—indeed, so extraordinary that, but that the sex

of the other form of the species is beyond doubt, it would

have left the determination of the sexes still uncertain. The

ventral and dorsal aspects of this apparatus are shown at

ce and d in the accompanying sketch.

The two sexual forms are easily distinguishable by their

external appearance, the males being more depressed, with a

larger head and less convex pronotum, the latter being more

broadly margined laterally. Three specimens of each sex are

contained in the British Museum.

Although Herr Brenske has not investigated the sexual

characters of the type species, Adorodocia maxima, there can

be no doubt that it is congeneric with and closely related to

A. strigata; but whereas the sculpture of the latter is simply

a coarse puncturation, the former is described as “aciculately”

punctured.

Exceedingly like Adorodocia strigata, and for more than

twenty years undistinguished from it in the British Museum

collection, is an insect which upon careful examination has

proved so different from it in its structural details that another

genus has of necessity to be formed for it. The single

specimen is a male, and the genitalia (shown by side and

end view at a and d), although not greatly differing from

those of Rutelide in general, are so entirely unlike those of

the other insect as to suggest no affinity at all. Yet, although

there are various other structural differences, the points of

resemblance are so many that it is impossible to widely

separate the two genera. Altogether the problems suggested

by these strange Madagascan forms are of the utmost interest.

The following is the generic diagnosis of the new insect :—

PSEUDADORODOCIA, gen. nov.

Caput magnum. Clypeus semicircularis. Labrum triangularis,

apice prolongato. Labium medio emarginatum. Antenne

10-articulatze, elongatee, articulis tertio et sexto valde elongatis.

the Rutelid Genus Adorodocia. OM

Processus prosternalis lamelliformis, postice parum productus.

Mesosternum acuminatum, non productum. Ungues multo

ineequales, pedum quatuor anteriorum majores ante apicem minu~

tissime fissi, posticorum simplici. Pygidium integrum. Seg-

mentum ultimum ventrale emarginatum, non fissum. Elytra

distincte membranaceo-marginata.

It must not be forgotten that this diagnosis is drawn up

from the male alone and that one or two of the characters

cited will probably apply only to that sex. The mouth-parts

are as in Adorodocia, but the clypeus is semicircular instead

of pointed. The prosternal process has the same compressed

form, but is not strongly produced backwards as in Adoro-

docia. ‘The claws, again, in the two anterior pairs of legs are

minutely cleft beyond the middle, whereas in the other genus

both sexes have them equally divided at the tip. The mem-

branous margin to the elytra is again present. Finally, the

different form of the last abdominal segment is correlated to

the entire difference in the genitalia already mentioned.

Pseudadorodocia enigma, sp. n.

Supra omnino pallide testacea, prothorace vage bimaculato, sub-

depressa, modice elongata, undique breviter albo-setosa ; capite

magno, oculis prominentibus, clypeo semicirculari, cum fronte (ab

illo linea recta demarcata) grosse punctato; prothorace valde

transyerso, lateribus regulariter curvatis, angulis anticis paulo

acutis, dorso grosse irregulariter punctato, utroque latere linea

yaga fusca ornato ; scutello lateribus punctato ; elytris irregulariter

et confluenter punctatis, punctis lineis longitudinalibus indistinctis

formantibus lateribus fere parallelis ; pygidio corporeque subtus

rufis, illo cum pectore longius hirsuto; tibiis anticis bidentatis,

dente tertio obsoleto.

Long. 16 mm.

Hab. Madagascar, Antananarivo.

The specimen was found by Mr. Kingdon and has been in

the Museum since 1879. It deceptively resembles Adoro-

docia strigata, Waterh., but is rather smaller and narrower,

in addition to which the semicircular clypeus affords the most

apparent distinction. The description of Adoretus maculi-

collis, Fairm., applies very nearly to this insect, but the

former is said to have dark marks upon the vertex, a narrow

dark lateral margin to the elytra, and the under surface

*“ vage coerulescens,”’ of none of which is there any indication

in my type.

I have learnt just before the publication of this note that

Mr. F. Bates has three specimens of this insect in his collec-

tion. Mr. Bates has kindly examined these for me, and finds

38 Mr. W. Schaus on new Species of

that, while two correspond with my type, the third (obviously

the female), a rather darker specimen, differs in having the

two claws of the foot more equal (a difference found also

between the sexes of Adorodocia strigata), while the larger

claw is very slightly and equally divided at the tip. The

front claws are lost, but I think it may be assumed that in

claw-structure the female P. enigma is exactly similar to the

female A. strigata.

1X.—WNew Species of Noctuide from Tropical America.

By W. Scuaus, F.Z.S.

Calydia norduca.

Head and thorax yellowish buff, irrorated with brown

scales. Abdomen pale brown. Primaries yellowish buff,

irrorated on costa and base with black scales; inner line very

oblique to subcostal vein, then slightly curved to inner margin,

pale metallic blue, outwardly shaded with ochreous ; inner

margin tinged with lilacine ; median line very oblique from

costa to end of cell, then wavy to inner margin near angle,

pale metallic blue and lilacine; an outer pale blue metallic

line very obliquely curved to outer margin at vein 4, then

following margin to angle, and inwardly shaded with ochreous

brown ; above vein 4 a marginal metallic line and the veins

silvery; on costa the metallic lines are striated with black.

Secondaries somewhat hyaline buff, shading to pale brown on

outer margin; a marginal line from apex to vein 3, inwardly

white, outwardly metallic; some black and silvery scales at

vein 2, preceded by a lilacine spot.

Hxpanse 19 millim.

Hab. Jalapa, Mexico.

Palindia merta.

Palpi, head, and collar dark grey. Thorax fawn-colour.

Abdomen brown, the subdorsal tufts fawn-colour. Primaries:

a little less than basal half fawn-colour; whitish in the cell,

except a large blackish-brown space on costal margin to sub-

median vein, and containing a small lighter brown spot at

base of costa; traces of an inner line, dentate above median,

twice curved below it; the curve on inner margin inwardly

shaded with black scales ; a velvety black median line shaded

on either side with dark reddish’ brown, outwardly oblique

Noctuidee from Tropical America. 39

from costa to inner margin; outer portion of wing dark steel-

grey, shading to brown on outer margin; a velvety black

discocellular streak, outwardly shaded with reddish brown

and surmounted by a dark shade to costa; traces of a dentate

outer greenish line above vein 3, shaded with buff between

5 and 6; subterminal consisting of some irregular dull

greenish shades ; minute buff points at tips of veins; fringe

dark greyish black. Secondaries brown ; some terminal pale

scales; fringe partly mottled with buff. Underneath dark

greyish brown; the inner margin of primaries white; the

inner area of secondaries shaded with white; some blackish

and buff spots on costa of primaries and a dark outer line;

secondaries with two darker transverse lines.

Expanse 24 millim.

Hab. Rio Janeiro.

Dyomyzx placida,

Head and thorax umber-brown. Abdomen dull brown.

Wings brown. Primaries: the basal line blackish, oblique

to median vein; the inner line dark brown, slightly oblique

to median vein, then wavy, slightly curved inwardly to inner

margin; the median line dark brown, wavy to vein 2, then

slightly oblique outwardly to inner margin, where it is pre-

ceded by the ocellus and followed by some silvery scales ; the

ocellus black, containing a white point and circled with light

brown; the reniform faintly outlined with dark brown; the

outer line angled between 6 and 7, not perceptible below vein

3; traces of a subterminal dark shade; marginal dark points

between the veins; fringe dark grey, a pale line at base.

Secondaries: a median and an outer darker line; beyond the

anal angle three silvery spots, the centre one followed by a

round velvety black spot edged with light brown. Under-

neath lighter brown ; a darker, finely lunular outer line and

a similar median line on secondaries ; faint discal spots ; four

buff spots on costa of primaries before apex, both above and

below. )

Hixpanse 33 millim.

Hab. Orizaba, Mexico.

Barydia tremula.

Body light brown. Wings light brown, irrorated with

darker brown; terminal white spots inwardly shaded with

dark brown and connected by a faint wavy brown line; base

of fringe paler. Primaries: a geminate inner transverse line,

dark brown, somewhat lunular ; an indistinct darker geminate

fine median shade ; reniform round, lilacine white; traces of

40 Mr. W. Schaus on new Species of

a fine geminate outer line; the subterminal dentate, partly

geminate ; the outer margin with fewer irrorations. Second-

aries with two dark brown outer lines, somewhat lunular,

parallel from above anal angle, and not reaching the costal

margin, followed by some greyish scales. Underneath light

brown; a blackish subterminal shade; discal spots outlined

with dark brown, followed on primaries by a single indistinct

line and on secondaries followed by three brownish lines.

Expanse 60 millim.

Hab. Aroa, Venezuela.

Homoptera janisca.

Body brown, the abdomen darkest, with the dorsal tufts

very conspicuous. Wings brown, with darker mottlings and

irrorated with a few black scales; the costa spotted with

black ; an inner transverse band, consisting of three indistinct

lines; the median shade formed of indistinct darker lines; a

dark brown patch at the end of the cell, followed beyond the

cell by a large paler space reaching the costal margin; a dark

space on costa before the apex; some fine wavy shades in

place of the outer lines; the subterminal indistinct, lunular

to vein 4, then curved inwardly to outer margin, most distinct

below vein 4, and geminate below vein 3; a dark space on

outer margin between veins 3 and 4; a wavy buff line on

base of fringe, preceded by dark points between the veins

close to margin. Secondaries brown, crossed by darker lines ;

the subterminal nearly black, outwardly shaded with buff

towards anal angle and somewhat interrupted by the veins;

base of fringe as on primaries. Underneath buff, irrorated

with brown strize; a dark spot between the veins on outer

margin. In a specimen from Espiritu Santo the space

beyond the cell on primaries and the outer margin of both

wings is broadly shaded with lilacine grey, asin H. marginale,

Walk.

Hxpanse 46 millim.

Hab. Rio Janeiro.

Homoptera Dukinfieldia.

Body brown. Wings brown, with blackish irrorations and

strie. Primaries: a basal, geminate, dark shade; the inner

line curved, geminate, most heavily marked below the median

vein, where it is shaded with velvety black; median shade

consisting of three indistinct lines, shaded with black in cell,

the orbicular paler, vague, flecked with a few white scales

Noctuide from Tropical America. 41

above and below ; the outer line dark, fine, heavily marked

between veins 5 and 8, where it is preceded by a wavy

velvety black line, and followed by two blackish spots

between veins 6 and 8; the subterminal heavily marked from

inner margin to vein 4, interrupted by the veins, and followed

by a duller brown line; marginal dark spots between the

veins ; fringe dark, with the base paler. Secondaries with

numerous striz, forming broken lines; the outer line fine

velvety black, wavy, followed closely by a fine dark brown

line; the subterminal velvety brown, broken by the veins

and not reaching the costa; marginal spots and fringe as on

primaries.

Expanse 62 millim.

Hab. Castro, Parana.

Homoptera divaricata.

Palpi outwardly brown, inwardly fawn-colour. Collar

light reddish brown. Thorax mottled light and dark brown,

the patagize posteriorly blackish grey. Abdomen brown, the

seoments posteriorly dark grey. Primaries dark brown to

beyond outer line; base of subcostal vein shaded above with

buff; basal line geminate, buff, not reaching inner margin ;

inner line whitish buff, geminate, straight, except below sub-

median, where it is inwardly curved, and on costal margin

the inner portion is also inwardly curved; this line is out-

wardly shaded by darker brown and is followed in cell by a

small velvety spot, representing the orbicular ; from origin of

vein 2 a pale line curves up to vein 7, which it follows a

short distance, then curves down to between veins 4 and 5,

and then is slightly curved to inner margin, and followed

closely below vein 3 by the outer line; between veins 3 and

7 the outer line is geminate, pale, filled in by a dark brown

line, and forms two curves beyond the cell; a pale streak

on vein 7 beyond the outer line and a broader pale dash from

vein 7 to costal margin near apex; from inner margin

to vein 7 the outer line is broadly shaded with dark brown to

the subterminal, which is velvety blackish brown, toothed

between veins 3 and 4, and almost obsolescent between 4

and 6; the outer margin is lilacine grey, darkest close to

the subterminal, and becoming browner on extreme margin ;

a marginal row of dark lines between the veins, inwardly

shaded with buff; a dark terminal line; base of fringe buff.

Secondaries lighter brown, a dark line from base to outer

line near the inner margin; outer line pale, finely shaded

inwardly with dark brown; a subterminal wavy dark brown

line ; a dark marginal line, interrupted by veins and inwardly

42 Mr. W. Schaus on new Species of

shaded with buff; a terminal dark line. Underneath light

brown, thickly irrorated with dark brown; a dark brown

outer line, somewhat lunular; dark discal streak; an inner

line on secondaries ; a dark spot on costal margin of primaries

at one third from base.

Expanse 57 millim.

Hab. San Paulo.

Homoptera sabena.

Body greyish black; the head, collar, and abdomen

mottled with buff scales. Primaries brown and buff, with

numerous indistinct transverse lines ; the veins irrorated with

greenish grey; costal, inner margin, and a broad outer band

dark greenish; the outer band crossed by two irregular

dentate black lines; a whitish discocellular line; black

marginal spots outwardly shaded with buff; base of fringe

buff. Secondaries with a median and outer band, the latter

as on primaries. Underneath buff, irrorated with brown

striz; brown discal points; a dark outer line and on second-

aries also a median line.

Eixpanse 43 millim.

Hab. Jalapa, Mexico.

Matigramma stunia.

Body and wings brown, irrorated with lilacine scales.

Primaries: a slightly darker brown inner line; a similar

outer line, curved beyond cell, broadly shaded outwardly with

violaceous brown; an oblique darker brown shade from reni-

form to outer line on inner margin; reniform indistinct, large,

darker brown; a subterminal shade, devoid of irorations,

except on the veins; outer margin light violaceous brown; a

terminal lunular dark line. Secondaries similar; a black

discal point; the outer line geminate; subterminal clusters

of white scales between the veins. Underneath greyish

brown, irrorated with lilacine scales; very faint traces of

inner and outer lines.

Expanse 25 millim.

Hab. Jalapa, Mexico.

Campometra mascara.

Frons tinged with ochreous; vertex and abdomen brown.

Thorax violaceous brown, very dark posteriorly and at base

of abdomen ; abdominal dorsal tufts reddish brown, tipped

with black. Primaries: base dark violaceous black, crossed

by an irregular velvety black inner line, and limited by a

geminate median line, less heavily marked; outer portion of

Noctuide from Tropical America. 43

wing reddish brown; the veins and a broad shade following

the outer line violaceous black; the outer line fine, velvety

black, irregular, excurved beyond cell, incurved below reni-

form; reniform large, white, crossed by two brown shades ;

costal margin beyond outer line black, with four buff spots ;

subterminal wavy, velvety black between veins 6 and 8,

otherwise dark reddish brown, followed by some blackish

blotches; a submarginal black line interrupted by the veins ;

a terminal dark line; fringe buff and grey, crossed by darker

shades. Secondaries brown, the costa broadly paler; a black

streak from base near inner margin; outer line fine, black,

deeply dentate, not extending above vein 6; the subterminal

dark red, shaded with brownish red, and followed near anal

angle by a violaceous black shade; veins on outer margin

violaceous black; a submarginal interrupted black line.

Underneath : primaries buff, irrorated with brown and grey

scales; a dark inner and outer line, the former geminate on

costa; a brown discal spot, divided by a pale line; base of

fringe white. Secondaries buff, irrorated with brown; an

inner line, angled in cell at the large discal spot ; a finely

wavy outer line ; a broad subterminal brown shade.

Expanse 46 millim.

Hab. Aroa, Venezuela.

Campometra caminata.

Palpi, head, and collar light brown, the latter with a dark

transverse line anteriorly and posteriorly. Thorax light

brown, with dark markings; clusters of white scales on

patagie. Primaries: an evenly curved broad buff and white

inner band, outwardly finely edged with black; a pale streak

from base to inner line along and below median vein; some

brown and buff marks on costa; basal space above inner

margin dark brown; median space to reniform light brown;

a geminate dark brown transverse median line, interrupted

just below median vein, and suffusing on inner margin ;

reniform large, white, oblique, bifurcating posteriorly, con-

taining a black point anteriorly and a buff spot below it, and

is also finely edged with black; a black line from reniform to

inner margin, slightly curved inwardly, so the median space

between this line and inner line is much narrower below the

cell than on the margins ; space to subterminal light brown,

with dark brown patches between the veins and a deeply

dentate outer black line from costa to vein 3; subterminal

broad, buff, parallel to outer margin, inwardly edged with

black, outwardly with brownish black, and followed by a

narrow lilacine shade between veins 2 and 5; outer margin

light brown, darker towards apex ; a submarginal black line,

44 Mr. W. Schaus on new Species of

interrupted by the veins; a fine terminal darker brown line.

Secondaries light brown; a black and white discal spot ;

outer line finely dentate, black, followed by a light brown

shade, and then dark brown to subterminal, which is as on

primaries. Underneath buff; the outer margins shaded with

brown ; large brown discal points ; a faint median dark line ;

a distinct outer line.

Expanse 52 millim.

flab. Aroa, Venezuela.

Campometra obscura.

Head reddish brown. ‘Thorax dark violaceous. Abdo-

men grey. Primaries dark violaceous brown; costa beyond

inner line shaded with light brown; the reniform and a

marginal space from above vein 4 to vein 6 buff; the inner

angle shaded with light brown ; basal and inner lines velvety

black ; median line geminate blackish brown ; outer line irre-

gular, fine, dentate, excurved beyond cell, incurved below

cell, followed by a dark spot on costal margin; subterminal

velvety black, outwardly shaded with buff, toothed between

veins 8 and 4; a velvety black interrupted submarginal line

on both wings. Secondaries brown, irorated with reddish

brown ; a subterminal reddish-brown line, most noticeable at

anal angle. Underneath greyish brown; darker median and

outer lines; a subterminal shade; a pale spot on primaries

above vein 4, and also some pale costal spots.

Expanse 40 millim.

Hab. Chiriqui.

PHIALTA, gen. nov.

Antenne fasciculate; palpi long, porrect, second joint

fringed below, third joint nearly as long as second. Head

with slight tuft. Thorax tufted posteriorly. Abdomen with

a single subdorsal tuft on first segment. ‘Tibia hairy, fore

femora with very large tufts of hairs, hind tibia with a single

spine. Primaries crenulate, broad; vein 2 remote from 3,

6 from upper angle, 10 from before end of areole. Second-

aries broad, slightly excised before vein 2; 5 from just above 4;

the inner area heavily scaled above and below.

Phialta duomita.

Head and collar light reddish brown, irrorated with grey.

Thorax greyish buff, the scales tipped with white. Abdo-

men brown. Primaries light greyish brown; the median

space whitish, covered with long black strie; inner line

velvety black, geminate from costa to submedian vein, filled

in with brown; the median space outwardly limited by a

Noctuide from Tropical America. 45

brownish line, outwardly oblique from costa, inwardly curved

below median and toothed above submedian; a black point

as orbicular; reniform large, whitish, partly outlined with

black ; the outer line fine, velvety black, excurved beyond

cell, incurved between vein 2 and submedian ; a black streak

between 6 and 7; a dentate terminal line and terminal black

points at veins; fringe grey, with darker spots at veins,

Secondaries brownish buff, the outer margin broadly dark

grey. Underneath: primaries greyish, the inner margin

broadly whitish; a dark outer line: secondaries whitish,

tinged with yellow near inner margin; inner margin nar-

rowly, outer margin broadly black; a black streak from base

near inner margin.

Expanse 43 millim.

Hab. Aroa, Venezuela.

Placonia demera.

Head and thorax brown. Abdomen dark grey; a dark

velvety transverse streak at base, followed by a whitish sub-

dorsal patch ; dorsal tufts brown. Primaries grey, irrorated

with brown scales; the base slightly darker; a fine dark

inner line, shaded with velvety brown inwardly on inner

margin; orbicular indistinct, containing a white point; a

geminate brown median shade from cell to inner margin ;

reniform grey, outwardly shaded with whitish, which con-

tinues on to costa, and followed by a dark brown shade ;

outer line finely dentate, preceded by a brown spot or costa,

and broadly shaded with brown outwardly below vein 2;

subterminal shade brownish, wide on costa, not extending

below vein 3, and darker between veins 3 and 4 and 5 and 6;

marginal brownish spots between the veins; a terminal

brown shade; fringe grey, basally paler. Secondaries

brownish, the outer margin shaded with grey; the outer

lines fine, somewhat punctiform; the subterminal shade dark

brown from anal angle, not reaching costa, and slightly wavy.

Underneath dull grey ; median and outer darker lines; a pale

discal spot and some yellowish costal spots on primaries.

Expanse 43 millim.

Hab. Chiriqui.

Allied to Placonia simplicior, Walk.

Placonia pascuala.

Palpi dark brown. Head reddish brown. Thorax dark

brown. Abdomen grey. Primaries brown, irorated with

reddish-brown scales ; the basal space dark steel-grey, crossed

by the basal and limited by the inner line, both of which are

_ velvety black; a median geminate dark brown line, preceded

46 Mr. W. Schaus on new Species of

by a black orbicular point; reniform large, white, partly

outlined with dark brown; the outer line fine, dentate, origi-

nating from a black costal spot; the subterminal blackish,

very broad on costa, followed by a small black spot between

veins 3 and 4. Secondaries darker brown; two white discal

spots; the subterminal dark brown, chiefly towards anal

angle; a submarginal interrupted dark line. Underneath

dark silky grey ; slightly darker inner and outer lines.

Expanse 41 millim.

Hab. Orizaba, Mexico.

Safia minta.

Body brown. Primaries brown, darkest at the base and

along costa; inner line fine, velvety black, irregular, curved,

nearer base on inner than on costal margin; a geminate dark

median shade, slightly oblique inwardly from costal margin 5

reniform indistinct, pale brown, preceded by a pale streak

edged with dark brown ; outer line fine, black, dentate,

inwardly curved to below orbicular, then finely dentate to

inner margin; subterminal hardly visible except below costa,

where it is dark and dentate; small dark marginal spots,

inwardly shaded with buff; a darker brown terminal line ;

fringe brown, with a basal buff line. Secondaries brown;

two dark indistinct median shades; outer line finely wavy,

velvety black, followed by a blackish shade, containing some

reddish scales towards inner margin, where it suffuses with

the subterminal, which is velvety black, shaded with reddish

brown, and nearly straight from anal angle to vein 7, except

a slight tooth between veins 6 and 7; marginal spots and

fringe as on primaries. Underneath brownish grey ; a finely

wavy dark outer line; marginal brownish spots shaded with

white ; a pale discal streak, edged with brown ; fringe entirely

ereyish brown; on primaries some dark and pale costal

marks; on secondaries the discal spot followed by a finely

wavy dark line.

Expanse 33 millim.

Hab. Rio Janeiro; Aroa, Venezuela.

Safia eminens.

Body brown. Wings brown, mottled with buff scales and

darker brown striz; inner line fine, black, angular, partly

shaded with buff, preceded by a black point in cell, and

followed by the orbicular, which is small, round, black ; a

median wavy brown line; reniform indistinct, containing a

black point resting on median vein, and edged outwardly by

Noetuide from Tropical America. 47

an irregular whitish line; the outer line fine, black, wavy,

dentate, shaded with pale buff on inner margin and towards

costal margin, where it starts from a triangular greyish-brown

spot, which is broadly edged with pale buff; the subterminal

dentate, pale buff, interrupted by a dark velvety brown spot

below vein 7, and by a smaller dark brown triangular spot

between veins 3 and 4; marginal whitish spots outwardly

shaded with black; a terminal dark line below vein 4.

Secondaries: the lines indistinct; a velvety brown spot

between veins 3 and 4 on subterminal. Underneath dull

brown; traces of an outer and also an inner and median

darker line on secondaries.

Expanse 44 millim.

Hab. Aroa, Venezuela.

Safia bruma.

Body dark brown; the abdominal segments shaded with

dark grey posteriorly. Primaries dark brown; the basal third

almost black, limited by a nearly straight velvety black line,

outwardly shaded with lighter brown; two indistinct dark

brown median lines ; reniform indistinct, large, cut by a dark

semilunar line, and containing some whitish scales ; the outer

line fine, lunular, dentate, preceded on costal margin by a

large triangular blackish-brown spot; the subterminal indis-

tinct, except below costa, irrorated with red scales; the outer

margin blackish brown; marginal dark spots, inwardly

shaded with paler brown; fringe mottled with roseate towards

apex. Secondaries dark brown, the outer half shaded with

reddish brown; a faint geminate outer line; the subterminal

blackish, finely wavy ; a pale line near margin, interrupted

by the veins; a terminal black line; fringe partly grey,

partly reddish brown. Underneath brown, thickly irrorated

with darker strie ; on secondaries traces of inner, median, and

subterminal darker shades.

Expanse 49 millim.

Hab. Orizaba, Mexico.

Safia picturata.

Head and collar ochreous brown. ‘Thorax brown, shaded

with dark steel-grey and lilacine, also the first segment of

abdomen dorsally. Abdomen brown; two subdorsal blackish

spots. Primaries: the base dark reddish brown, irrorated

with lilacine scales, limited by a buff line; median space

pale olivaceous brown, crossed by two darker wavy shades ;

outer line fine, brown, broadly shaded with lilacine, origi-

48 Mr. W. Schaus on new Species of

nating from a triangular olive-brown costal spot, containing

some lilacine scales. A subterminal reddish-brown shade,

outwardly dentate and shaded with lilacine ; velns on outer

margin irrorated with lilacine; submarginal dark spots; a

terminal darker brown line. Secondaries olivaceous brown ;

a broad subterminal reddish-brown shade; the outer margin

ochreous brown above vein 4, thickly irrorated with lilacine

scales below vein 4. Underneath light brown, irrorated with

dark brown; outer line finely lunular; a dark subterminal

shade; inner line less marked; dark discocellular streak.

Expanse 40 millim.

Hab. Petropolis, Brazil.

Yrias zora.

Head light brown. Thorax brown, thickly mottled with

violaceous hairs. Abdomen greyish brown. Primaries

brown, thickly mottled with violaceous to the subterminal

line; lines velvety black; the basal line outwardly shaded

with buff on costa; the inner line wavy, inwardly shaded

with buff, especially on costa ; a geminate wavy median line;

reniform buff, inwardly edged with black; the outer line

irregular, not very distinct, inwardly projecting below discal

spot, starting from a large costal spot, outwardly shaded with

buff; the subterminal wavy, thickest at costa and partly

shaded with buff; marginal black spots between the veins,

inwardly shaded with buff, and connected to the dark terminal

line by black streaks ; base of fringe buff; some red scales

scattered on costal margin and on the subterminal below

costa. Secondaries brown, the outer half mottled with buff;

the outer line curved down towards anal angle; the sub-

terminal very distinct between veins 2 and 6, and outwardly

shaded with a few red scales; the marginal spots not con-

nected with the terminal line. Underneath light brown, the

outer margins shaded with buff; a broad dark outer line;

black discal points; on primaries some pale costal spots; on

secondaries two dark spots between discal spot and inner

margin.

Expanse 35 millim.

Hab. Orizaba, Mexico.

Yrias barata.

Body mottled dark and light brown. Primaries brown,

mottled with buff on costal and median space ; inner line fine,

velvety black, nearest base on inner margin; a median, fine,

dark brown shade; reniform large, white and buff, outwardly

Noctuide from Tropical America. 49

and inwardly shaded with black scales; outer line fine,

velvety black, angled twice beyond cell, inwardly curved

below reniform, then dentate to inner margin; subterminal

only visible between veins 6 and 8, and then only faintly, and

replaced by some dark violaceous black shadings; marginal

dark spots inwardly shaded with buff; a terminal dark brown

line; fringe grey. Secondaries brown; two whitish spots in

cell, followed by an indistinct geminate darker line; the

outer line and subterminal parallel, the latter more heavily

marked, velvety black, indistinct towards costa; marginal

spots and terminal line as on primaries. Underneath dull

buff, irrorated with brown, the secondaries paler; the sub-

terminal shade distinct on both wings; the median shade

more distinct on secondaries; a faint discal streak; outer

margins greyer.

Expanse 40 millim.

Hab. Aroa, Venezuela.

Yrias noctar.

Body dark grey ; the head brownish. Wings very dark

brownish grey, thinly irrorated with white scales; traces of

two inner and a black outer line, the latter curved below cell

and most noticeable on inner margin ; the reniform indistinct,

containing a round white spot at origin of vein 3; the outer

line followed by a row of short white streaks on the veins;

the subterminal indistinct, shaded outwardly with light brown

between the veins; terminal buff spots between the veins,

preceded by dark streaks; fringe with a basal buff linte®;

the dark brown terminating in paler spatulate scales,

Secondaries with an outer row of white points on veins and

an indistinct darker subterminal shade; a buff spot at anal

angle; terminal spots as on primaries. Underneath, the

wings are light brownish grey, with outer and subterminal

dark shades and an inner line on secondaries.

Expanse 38 millim.

Hab. Paso de San Juan, Jalapa, Mexico.

Yrias albidiscata.

¢ . Body dark brown, the head paler. Wings dark brown,

mottled with violaceous black. Primaries: a dark basal and

inner line, the latter starting from a dark costal spot and

partly edged with lighter brown; a°geminate dark wavy

median shade; the reniform large, either entirely white or

mottled brown and white, the brown predominating; the

Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. viii. 4

50 On new Species of Noctuide.

outer line dentate, velvety black beyond the cell, otherwise

indistinct; the subterminal fine, velvety black, slightly toothed

between the veins from 3 to 7, and shaded with paler brown;

marginal black spots inwardly shaded with buff; a wavy

black terminal line; fringe dark brown, paler at base.

Secondaries: the outer line indistinct; the subterminal finely

dentate, wavy, velvety black ; the marginal spots and fringe

as on primaries; two small white spots in the cell. Under-

neath greyish brown, the outer margins greyer. Primaries:

some pale costal spots on outer half; a buff discal spot; a

curved dark outer shade. Secondaries: an outer and an

inner dark shade; a dark subterminal shade and marginal

brown spots on both wings.

Expanse 40 millim.

Hab. Paso de San Juan, Mexico.

My males of this species are not sufficiently good to

describe.

Yrias corvita.

~ Body blackish ; basal segment of abdomen with a white

line. Wings dark brown, thickly irrorated with bluish and

grey scales. Primaries: the inner line velvety black, irregu-

larly curved, nearest base on inner margin, and contiguous to

black orbicular spot; reniform long, grey, edged with black

on either side, and followed by a white mark, forming a hook

between veins 4 and 5; outer line velvety black, irregular,

curved beyond cell, wavily oblique to inner margin below

vein 3, inwardly shaded with brown, outwardly with dark

steel-grey and whitish transverse strie about the veins;

costal margin finely striated with white; subterminal pale,

dentate, broadly shaded inwardly with light brown, which

becomes very dark between veins 6 and 8, and outwardly

shaded with dull violaceous brown; a terminal light brown

band crossed by darker strie, inwardly limited by a black

line, outwardly by a brown line. Secondaries: the outer

line straighter; the subterminal partly interrupted, in one

specimen broadly shaded with white from inner margin to

vein 6; inner line broad, black; fringe on both wings dark

grey. Underneath brown; dark discal points; a faint dark

outer line and subterminal shade; on secondaries traces of

three other lines on inner margin; fringe below tinged with

light steel-grey.

Expanse 28 millim.

Hab. Rinconada, Mexico.

On Coccide of the Genus Ripersia. 51

Yrias brunca.

Head and abdomen brown, mottled with reddish-brown

scales; dorsal tufts on abdomen black. ‘Thorax brown

shaded with violaceous. Primaries brown; a darker space

at base; costal and subcostal veins streaked with black; the

costal space mottled with red; an oblique median geminate

darker line; the outer line fine, dentate, dark reddish brown ;

the reniform finely outlined with dark reddish brown; a sub-

terminal reddish-brown shade, the most distinct of the

markings ; a fine terminal line and reddish-brown marginal

spots. Secondaries with a reddish-brown discal spot; the

subterminal as on primaries. Underneath dark silky grey,

the fringe greenish yellow.

Expanse 38 millim.

Hab. Demerara.

[To be continued. ]

X.—The New Memico Coccide of the Genus Ripersia.

By T. D. A. CocKERELL.

In the course of an investigation of the insects found in ants’

nests my wife and I have met with a surprisingly large

number of Coccide, almost all associated with Lasius. The

ants’ nests are under rocks, and the coccids feed upon the

roots and underground stems of plants, mostly grasses. Some

of the coccids appear to be only accidentally associated with

the ants, as it were; but others, especially those of the genus

Ripersia, are carefully collected and cared for, and removed

to places of safety by the worker ants when the nests are

disturbed.

These myrmecophilous Coccide are hardly to be found in

the southern parts of the country, owing to the rarity or

absence of Lasius. Professor W. M. Wheeler writes me that

he has never met with any species of Las¢us in Texas.

Ripersia aurantia, sp. ns

9 .—* Bright orange, with very little mealy powder ; very

convex, almost hemispherical. Long. 2 millim., lat. 14”

(W. P. C.). Legs and antenne reddish brown. Antenne

6-jointed, fifth joint cup-shaped ; joints measuring as follows

in w* :—(1) 33, (2) 39, (3) 48, (4) 18, (5) 30, (6) 80.

* All measurements of antennz and legs in this paper are in p.

%

52 Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell on the

Formula 6 3 2 (15) 4. Anal ring with six bristles; caudal

tubercles not at all produced, each bearing a bristle about the

size of bristles of anal ring.

Hab. Las Vegas, N. M., April; rarely, with Zasius

americanus.

I have seen an ant wildly rushing about with one in its

jaws. By its convex shape, together with the orange colour,

this species is very different from all the others. First found

by Wilmatte P. Cockerell.

Ripersia Cockerelle, King, ined.

Hab. Beulah, N. M., about 8000 feet, with Lastus niger

neoniger, Kimery.

Antenne 7-jointed.

Ripersia confusella, sp. n.

6 .—Length of body 1300-1550 w; antenne 660 w; wing

1150 w; cottony tails about 700 w. Dull greyish brown to

pale pink, antennee and legs almost white; dorsum of thorax

pale, with a yellowish tinge, no distinct vitte ; wings very

white; mesosternum whitish; middle of abdomen pale.

Head seen from above large, triangular, broadest behind the

eyes, which are small and dark crimson. Males discovered

by Wilmatte P. Cockerell, April 23.

? .—Pale pink, varying to pale yellowish, without lateral

tassels; small caudal tassels present. The young larve are

pale yellowish; half-grown individuals which have just

moulted appear bright pink. Adult (with eggs forming)

about 2 millim. long; antenne 6-jointed, formula 631254;

joints: (1) 33, (2) 30, (8) 45, (4) 21, (5) 27, (6) 60.

Middle legs :—femur + trochanter 150; tibia 105; tarsus * 66.

2 (penultimate stage).—Antennal joints :—(1) 36, (2) 33,

(3) 39, (4) 24, (5) 38, (6) 75. Middle legs :—femur + tro-

chanter 132; tibia 65; tarsus 60. The antennee and tarsus

of this stage are about as in the adult, but the femur and

tibia are shorter. ‘he antennal measurements are variable

to some extent, but on the whole remarkably constant in a

considerable series.

Figg.—Pale ferruginous, oval; 650 mu long.

Hab. Las Vegas, N. M., about 6400 feet, very abundant,

in nests of Lasius americanus ; also at Trout Spring, Sapello

Canon, April 27.

The ants collect large piles of the eggs, from which we

found the larves hatching in enormous numbers.

* All measurements of the tarsus are without the claw.

New Mexico Coccide of the Genus Ripersia. 53

This is an ordinary-looking form, with antenne much as

in R&. candidata, King, ined., but it is of a different colour

from that species and occupies a different region. It differs

from R. flaveola by having the third joint always longer than

the second, whereas in flaveola these antennal joints are equal

in length. &. Kingit is a pink species with a superficial

similarity to confusella, but the antenne are decidedly

different *,

In &. confusella and R. candidata the fourth antennal

joint is always decidedly the shortest; in R. Kingii it is no

shorter than the fifth, or, at any rate, is not noticeably the

shortest joint of the antenna. Prof. Tinsley gives the

following formule for Kingit:—6 (12)543; 631 (245);

Gran, By (5 4).

Ripersia fimbriatula, Ckll. & King, ined.

Hab. Las Vegas, in nests of Lastus americanus, often in

the same nests as f. confusella. Also at Santa Fé.

Hasily distinguished by its small size (about 1170 uw long),

uniform yellow colour, and fringe of cottony tassels all round

the body. Antenne 6-jointed.

Ripersia flaveola, Ckll.

-Hab. Las Vegas, N. M.; originally described from Massa-

chusetts.

The following particulars refer to specimens taken at Las

Vegas with Lasius interjectus, April 30, 1901 :—

2? .—Length a little over 13 millim.; light orange, thickly

covered with white meal; caudal lobes quite prominent ;

bristles of anal ring 89 w; middle legs with tibia 102, tarsus

72; antennal segments:—(1) 36-39, (2) 42, (38) 42-45,

(4) 36, (5) 80-33, (6) 33-36, (7) 75-84. This accords well

with Mr. King’s measurements of Massachusetts specimens.

The antennal formule of Las Vegas specimens are 7 3 2 1

4 (5 6) and 7 (2 8) (14.6) 5. Prof. Tinsley has found the

formule 7 2 (43) (1 6) 5 and 72 5 1 (6 3) 4in Massachusetts

material.

Ripersia Portere, sp. n.

9? .—Globose, very pale pinkish or sometimes yellowish :

mounted specimen 2? millim. long and 24 broad; enclosed in

a snow-white sac just like that of Dactylopius lichtenstoides.

* In making these and other comparisons I have been greatly assisted

by data kindly furnished by Messrs. Tinsley and King,

54 Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell on the

Labium not elongated; hairs of anal ring remarkably

short; legs ordinary, middle leg with femur + trochanter 135,

tibia 70, tarsus 60. Antenne 6-jointed: (1) 385-39, (2) 39,

(3) 42-45, (4) 24-27, (5) 33-36, (6) 60-66.

Hab. Las Vegas, on roots of grass, April 25 (Wilmatte P.

Cockerell).

A very distinct species, with its pale colour and snow-white

sac.

Ripersia salmonacea, sp. n.

@.—Length about 1700 w. Plump, of ordinary form,

pale salmon-pink, appearing white above from a dense mealy

secretion, which leaves the segments well marked; not so

mealy below, hence pinker. Margin with an irregular but

distinct fringe of cottony tassels, almost or quite obsolete in

the thoracic region ; short caudal tassels. Legs and antennze

extremely pale.

Boiled in liquor potasse turns a fine deep claret-colour ;

labium dimerous, long. 120, lat. 90 w; anal ring with six

bristles ; skin with many small glands, not hairy ; legs large,

only sparsely hairy, about four hairs in each longitudinal row

on tibia; femur stout.

Middle leg: femur+trochanter 200; tibia 126; tarsus 84.

Width of femur about 67.

Antenne 7-jointed, formula 7 (1 2) (6345). Joints:

(1) 42, (2) 42, (8) 380, (4) 30, (5) 30, (6) 35, (7) 78-84.

Joint 7 has a notch about 35 w from base; joint 6 is cylin-

drical, not cup-shaped.

Penultimate stage.—Tarsus about 80, tibia 80.

Very young.—Salmon-pink, not mealy.

Hab. Near Gallinas River, at La Cueva, prox. 5800 feet,

April 20 (Wilmatte P. Cockerell).

Easily recognized by its colour and fringe.

Ripersia tenurpes, sp. n.

¢ .—Length 2 millim. Very light pinkish, looking almost

white ; no lateral or caudal tassels ; not a hairy species; eyes

well developed; labium about 90 w long and 60 broad; an-

tennee and legs, especially the latter, unusually slender ;

middle legs with femur-+trochanter 156 (femur 35 broad) ;

tibia 108; tarsus 62. Antenne 7-jointed, but the suture

between 3 and 4 obscure. Joints: (1) 30, (2) 24, (8) 24

(4) 24-25, (5) 21-23, (6) 24, (7) 60-69.

Hab. 'Tyout Springs, Gallinas Cafion, April 27 (7. D. A,

& W. P. Cockerell).

Quite distinct by the rather large size, pale colour, and

slender legs.

New Mexico Coccide of the Grenus Ripersia. 55

FRipersia trichura, sp. n.

?.—Longer than usual, pinkish, but covered with white

mealy secretion (W. P. C.).

Skin unusually crowded with round glands; cephalic region

somewhat bristly; caudal region very bristly ; caudal lobes

not prominent, their bristles about 165 w long; six bristles on

anal ring, 135 w long; legs not unusually slender; anterior

femur 105 w; middle leg with femur+ trochanter 138 (femur

alone 105, width 36); tibia 84; tarsus 57.

Antenne 6-jointed. Joints: (1) 39-45, (2) 33-36, (3)

30-42, (4) 25-27, (5) 30, (6) 60. Formule 6 1 2 (3 5) 4

and613254.

Hab. Las Vegas, April 29 (Wilmatte P. Cockerell).

My wite brought this in with the remark that it seemed to

be new; but I thought it was confusella, until I saw the extra-

ordinarily long bristles of the anal ring and caudal tubercles.

The caudal bristles of confusella measure about 117 pw, of

irtvittata 114 w. ‘The bristles of the anal ring in most of the

species are under 100 w—for instance, 72 in Portere, 45 in

trivittata. ‘The legs of R. trichura are similar to those of

confusella.

Ripersia trivittata, sp. n.

3.—Body 950-1050 mw long; antenne about 600, 10-

jointed, joints cylindrical, with whorls of hairs ; wings 1100p;

two white caudal filaments, short, about 150 pw. General

colour, including legs and antenna, light straw-yellow; head,

prothorax, extreme base of antennez, and abdomen suffused

with lilac; mesothorax with three purplish-brown longitu-

dinal stripes; sides of thorax purplish brown; eyes black,

relatively large, prominent, shiny; head seen from above

widest in region of eyes.

?.—About 1g millim. long; of ordinary form. Pale

yellowish, with a slight pink tinge, some decidedly pink ;

sparsely mealy; turning dark brownish red on boiling in

liquor potassee.

Antennz and legs pale brown; antenne 6-jointed, (1) 30,

(2) 80, (8) 80, (4) 18-24, (5) 24, (6) 72. Formula 6(123) 54.

Anterior tibia about 60; tarsus 63.

Hab. Las Vegas, under a rock with Lasius americanus,

April 18; males and females together in numbers, apparently

copulating.

The female is known from confusella by the first three

antennal joints being of about equal length; but I should

have thought it only a variety but for the essentially different

male.

56 On Coccidee of the Genus Ripersia.

Ripersia viridula, sp. n.

9 .—Length 14 millim. ; form ordinary. Pale sage-green,

legs-and antenne reddish brown; dorsum rather thickly

covered with mealy secretion; no lateral tassels, two ex-

tremely short but thick caudal tassels; not a hairy species ;

middle leg with femur + trochanter 150 (width of femur 45) ;

tibia 90; tarsus 60. Antenne: 7-jointed, 6 cup-shaped, 7

narrow. Joints: (1) 36, (2) 33, (3) 30, (4) 30, (5) 18, (6) 27,

(7) 60. Formula 7 1 2 (8 4) 6 5.

Penultimate stage.—Labium about 120 long, 70 broad ;

middle legs with femur + trochanter 117; tibia 66; tarsus 60.

Antenne 6-jointed. Joints: (1) 27-30, (2) 27-30, (3) 30-

33, (4) 15-21, (5) 18-21, (6) 51-54. Last joint stout.

Formule 6 (1 2 3) (4 5), 63 (1 2) 5 4, 6 (1 2 3) O04.

Hab. Las Vegas, under rocks with Lasius americanus,

abundant, April 19.

Easily known by its pale green colour, which is quite

uniform.

East Las Vegas, New Mexico, U.S.A.,

May 9, 1901.

POSTSCRIPT.

Ripersia magna, W. P. & T. D. A. Cockerell, sp. n.

@ .—About 22 millim.long. Dark pink, darker and pinker

than R&. confusella, sparsely mealy, no caudal or lateral tufts ;

legs and antennz pale brown; on boiling in liquor potassz

turns wine-red, but does not stain the liquid.

Middle leg with femur+trochanter 204 w; tibia 111;

tarsus 76.

Antenne 7-jointed; measurements of joints in w:—(1) 39,

(2) 42, (8) 27, (4) 24-80, (5) 21, (6) 27-80, (7) 63-66.

6-jointed. phase:—(1) 42, (2) 39, (3) 51, (4) 18, (5) 24,

(6) 60. Formule 7 216(3 4) 5and6312 54.

Hab. Trout Spring, Gallinas Cafion, N. M., April 27

(W. P. & T. D. A. Cockerelt).

This was omitted from the original paper, because both

Mr. King and I thought it might be conspecific with R.

Cockerelle. My wife all along maintained that it was distinct,

and on May 11 collected further material of 2. Cockerelle at

Beulah, which fully confirms her opinion. &. Cockerelle

when boiled in potash turns yellow-orange and then brownish ;

when alive it varies from yellow to pinkish and is never the

deep pink colour of #. magna. It appears to be the New

On Butterflies from Northern Nigeria. 57

Mexico representative of R. Last’, to which R. magna is not

nearly related. The following measurements in mw are from

the new lot of R. Cockerelle :—

Middle leg: femur+ trochanter 174; tibia 129; tarsus 63.

Antenne: (1) 30, (2) 30, (3) 18, (4) 33, (5) 21, (6) 27,

(7) 63. 6-jointed phase: (1) ?, (2) 380, (8) 42, (4) 21,

(5) 28, (6) 66.

I take this opportunity to describe the following species of

the allied genus Phenacoccus :— :

Phenacoccus Wilmatic, sp. n.

?.—Brownish olivaceous; without lateral tassels; no

ovisac observed; surface sparsely mealy; length when

mounted 23 millim.; body pinkish after boiling in potash ;

legs and antenne pale brown; legs very sparsely hairy;

middle leg with femur-+ trochanter 213 w (width of femur 87),

tibia 150, tarsus 89; claw with a small denticle on inner side

near tip; hind tibia 180 long, 42 broad; hind tarsus 75 long,.

21 broad ; body not hairy; bristles of anal ring about 90 uw

long ; caudal lobes not at all produced; rostral loop short,

not nearly reaching to middle legs; second joint of antenns

conspicuously broader than third, and always longer.

Antenne: 9-jointed phase, formula 29315 (467 8);

segments, (1) 39, (2) 54, (8) 45, (4) 30, (5) 36, (6) 30,

(7) 380, (8) 30, (9) 48. 8-jointed phase: formula 8 2 (1 3)

(5 7) (4 6); segments, (1) 42, (2) 54-60, (3) 42, (4) 27,

(5) 80-33, (6) 27, (7) 30-33, (8) 81-87.

Hab. Beulah, N. M., 8000 feet, on Viola aff. pedatifida,

May 11 (Wilmatte P. Cockerell).

Allied to P. americane. Tasily known by the remarkably

thick hind tibia, which is much broader than its tarsus. The

four other legs are quite ordinary.

XI1.—On a Collection of Butterflies made by George Migeod,

Esq., in Northern Nigeria between September 1899 and

January 1900. By ArtHur G. Buruer, Ph.D.

THE collection of which this is an account is chiefly inter-

esting owing to the strong North-eastern character of the

species, tending to contirm the evidence in favour of a complete

connexion between Western and Hastern types above the

Equator. It was obtained at Yelva Lake, Borgu.

58 Dr. A. G. Butler on

Species new to the Museum and others poorly represented

in our cabinets are in this collection, also a remarkable series

of Charaxes epijasius which we had previously received from

Senegal, Abyssinia, and the White Nile; both wet and dry

phases of Prects antilope occur.

Five examples of Zeritis amine are in the collection; with

regard to this species, which Prof. Aurivillius assumes to be

the Z. neriene of Boisduval, one must note what the Professor

himself says :—‘‘ In Boisduval’s figure of Zeritis neriene the

neuration, as usually in the figures of this author, is quite

incorrectly figured, and the hind wings drawn from an

example in whick the tails were broken off.’ To this note

may be added that the Z. nervene of Boisduval is not

described, the upper surface of the wings is not figured, the

under surface (if intended to represent what I described as

Z. amine) is quite incorrect in pattern, the anal lobe is

omitted, and, lastly, the locality is uncertain, though Bois-

duval thought it might be Guinea. In short, we have no

evidence whatever that Boisduval’s insect was intended for

‘‘ Z. amine,” beyond a general similarity in the pattern of the

under surface. His insect may have been generically distinct,

the upper surface may have been entirely dissimilar, the

locality may have been anywhere in the Hthiopian Region.

Without evidence no species should be sunk into the rank of

a synonym, nor should an acknowledged utterly incorrect

and partial illustration of an undescribed insect be ranked as

of any scientific value ; if proved to be fictitious, it should be

treated exactly in the same way as Petiver’s figure of Papilio

ecclipsis, and ignored.

Two other Lycenide of interest were obtained—Cato-

chrysops cyclopteris and Chilades alberta; the first an

Abyssinian form, the second an insect occurring in Equa-

torial Africa. Inthe Pierine the Hastern Teracolus opalescens

occurs, whereas I should have expected that either 7. matmuna

or Z. eris would have been the representative form of

Northern Nigeria. However, to anyone with an eye for form

and pattern it is impossible to mistake one insect for the

other, the outline of the white area in the primaries of the

males being most characteristic: the apical spots, however,

are rather characteristic of the Western than the Kastern

form; and if this peculiarity of Nigerian examples should

prove to be constant, it might become necessary to regard

them as representing another subspecies of the 7’. ers group.

Two males of Caprona adelica were obtained, corresponding

in all respects with Karsch’s figure of the female; it therefore

seems probable that M. Mabille confounded two species under

Butterflies from Northern Nigeria. 59

his Stethotrix heterogyna, and that C. adelica is really distinct

from C. pilaana, or it may be that C. pilaana is the wet

phase of the species and C. adelica the dry. A male of what

I take to be Kedestes? lentiginosa, Holland, has the trans-

parent brand on the secondaries and general character of

Parosmodes Morantiiv; I think it belongs to that genus.

Two Hesperiide are new to science.

The following is a list of the species :—

Melanitis solandra, Fadr. Argiolaus menas, Druce.

Monotrichtis safitza, Hew, calisto, var., Hew.

milyas, Hew. Zeritis amine, Buti.

Charaxes epijasius, Reiche. Syntarucus telicanus, Lang.

achaemenes, Feld. Azanus moriqua, Wlg7.

— Kirkii, Buti. Catochrysops cyclopteris, Butt.

—— varanes, Cram. Chilades alberta, Bud.

Precis boopis, Z7%m. trochilus, Preyer.

clelia, Cram. Neolycena cissus, Godt.

— amestris, Drury. Mylothris chloris, Fadr.

antilope, Fersth. Teracolus opalescens, Butl,

Catacroptera cloanthe, Cram. Catopsilia florella, Fadr.

Neptis agatha, Cram. Sarangesa synestalmenus, var.,

Hypolimnas misippus, Linn. Karsch.

Hamanumida deedalus, Fadr, Abantis nigeriana, sp. n.

Lachnoenema bibulus, Fadr. Caprona adelica, Karsch.

Axiocerses amanga, Westw. Pyrgus machacosa, Buti.

Pilodeudoryx cerulea, Druce. Parosmodes lentiginosa, ¢, Holl,

Virachola livia, Kiug. Kedestes protensa, sp. n.

Hypolyceena philippus, Fabr.

Descriptions of the new Spectes.

Abantis nigeriana, sp. n.

Allied to A. zambeziaca, A. paradisea, and A. plerotica:

primaries smoky brown, veins darker; hyaline white spots as

in A. plerotica, also a white dash below the extremity of the

costal vein between the first and second subcostal branches, a

white spot near the base of the cell, and two white dots at the

base of the wing: secondaries creamy whitish, with the base,

veins, and outer border, including the fringe, dark brown, the

pattern being nearly as in A. paradisea: thorax spotted much

as in A. paradisea, but the patagia very long, each with a

white spot below the collar, a central white spot, and a deep

orange tip; tufts at sides and extremity of thorax tawny

orange; abdomen smoky grey at base and tip, silvery white

in centre, with blackish dorsal stripe; anal tuft blackish at

base, otherwise bright golden-orange; antenne black, with

the club creamy white below. Wings below with pattern as

above, but the internal three fourths of primaries white,

60 Mr. W. L. Distant on a

interrupted externally by the interno-median fold and sub-

median vein, which are brown: secondaries snow-white; the

costal and outer borders much blacker than above, the radial

and median veins only blackish as they approach the border:

pectus and palpi ochreous; venter white, with a dusky lateral

line, which changes to pale ochreous on the posterior seg-

ments; sides ashy; anal tuft orange.

Expanse of wings 40-43 millim.

Three examples, 24th to 26th September, 1899.

Abantis plerotica was sent to us by Mr. Marshall from

Mashonaland as A. venosa, together with the typical form.

I suspect it is the wet phase of that species.

Kedestes protensa, sp. n.

Allied to K. tucusa of Trimen, but considerably larger, the

costal margin of the primaries and abdominal margin of the

secondaries much longer: secondaries above without discal

markings and sometimes without the hairy white or buffish

spot at the end of the cell: on the under surface the colouring

is richer, the costal and apical areas of the primaries, with

the submarginal spots, being buff shading into orange; the

secondaries buffish stone-colour alternated with orange some-

what as in K. mohozutza; the black spots of the discal series

on the secondaries do not form a regular W, as in K. tucusa,

but run almost parallel to the submarginal series; there is

also a tapering submedian dusky streak from the outer margin

to the base.

Expanse of wings 35 millim.

22nd, 24th, and 26th September, 1899.

XII.—On a few Undescribed Rhynchota.

By W. L. Distant.

Fam. Pentatomide.

Subfam. ScurerrerivZ.

Hyperoncus uniformis, sp. n.

Above ochraceous; thickly, finely, and darkly punctate,

sparingly covered with very minute black spots; sternum

and legs ochraceous, coarsely darkly punctate; abdomen

brownish ochraceous, with a broad, central, ill-defined fascia,

the stigmatal spots and lineate macular lateral margins ochra-

ceous: the abdomen is also coarsely punctate, much less so

few Undescribed Rhynchota. 61

on central area ; rostrum ochraceous, its apical joint brownish ;

antenne with the first and second joints ochraceous, their

apices brownish; third and fourth joints brownish, their

bases ochraceous.

Long. 11 millim.; exp. pronot. angl. 9 millim.

Hab. Ceylon (E. E. Green).

Pecilocoris Crowley?, sp. n.

Head black, anterior lateral areas metallic green. Pro-

notum purplish red; a small transverse spot near each ante-

rior angle, a spot near each lateral angle, and two large spots

at base, occupying more than half of the whole area and very

narrowly divided, black; anterior margin, margins of the

basal spots, and the sublateral areas metallic green. Scu-

tellum purplish red, with eleven black spots—three small on

basal margin, two near base, two subapical, and four central,

which are united in pairs; basal margin and margin of spots

metallic green, disk with a violaceous tinge. Head beneath

ochraceous, its base and two spots near apex metallic green;

sternum metallic green, outer area of prosternum purplish,

posterior margins of the sternal segments ochraceous, areas

of the odoriferous apertures black ; abdomen beneath reddish

ochraceous, with a marginal series of wide ray-like fascie

almost reaching centre, and the greater part of the apical

segment brassy green. Legs brassy green, antenne and

rostrum black. Rostrum reaching the fifth abdominal

segment.

Long. 20 millim.; exp. pronot. angl. 114 millim.

Hab. Assam (Crowley Bequest, Brit. Mus.).

A species which may be placed near P. Childreni, White.

Subfam. Asorrvz.

Mecosoma thoracata, sp. 0.

Head testaceous, coarsely punctate, eyes fuscous ; pronotum

ochraceous, coarsely punctate, a sublateral fascia on each side

connected with a broader submarginal anterior fascia, black ;

a large bronzy-brown transverse patch, convex anteriorly,

situate a little in front of posterior margin, and a little broader

than the base of the scutellum; scutellum black, with a

broad lateral fascia on each side and the apex ochraceous; a

black foveate spot in each basal angle; corium black, with

a broad ochraceous apical fascia; connexivum ochraceous,

membrane bronzy. Body beneath pale greyish; posterior

angles of prosternum, lateral margins of meso- and meta-

sterna, and anterior segmental margins ochraceous; head

62 Mr. A. Hempel on Brazilan Coccide.

beneath, trochanters, femora, anterior areas of pro-, meso-, and

metasterna, and apical abdominal segment testaceous ; tibiae

and tarsi black; apical abdominal segment with two ochra-

ceous apical spots. Antenne mutilated; scutellum sparingly

and coarsely punctate, depressed from behind base, and with

a very distinct central carination on posterior half; corium

thickly and finely punctate.

Long. 15 millim. ; exp. pronot. angl. 7 millim.

Hab. Mashonaland, Salisbury (G. A. K. Marshall).

Subfam. AcanrTHosoMINaA.

Genus GALGACUS.

Galgacus, Dist. Ann. & Mag, Nat. Hist. (7) vol. iv. p. 435 (1899).

Galgacus macer, Walk. (Dictyotus) Cat. Het. 1. p. 182. n. 14

(1867) ; Dist. loc. czt.

In revising Walker’s species I was (supra) compelled to

found a new genus for the reception of the species he had

described as a Dictyotus. The tarsi, however, in the unique

type were not available for examination, so that its position

was necessarily uncertain. I have since received a specimen

for identification from Dr. Montandon, which proves the

tarsi to be two-jointed, and thus locate Galgacus in the

Acanthosominee.

XII].—Descriptions of Brazilian Coccide.

By ApoteH Hempet, 8. Paulo, Brazil.

[Continued from p. 561. ]

Ceroplastes lucidus, Hempel.

Adult female scale subglobose; wax brittle, thin, semi-

transparent, reddish brown to yellowish brown. Dorsal

nucleus prominent; lateral nuclei inconspicuous; the wax is

depressed about the nuclei, making the surface rough and

nodose. Divisions of the plates indistinct or obsclete. In

the younger specimens the wax is amber-coloured and the

surface more nodose; in the older specimens the surface

becomes moreeven. Length 4:75 millim.; width 4°50 millim. ;

height 3°75 millim. Denuded of wax it is light brown,

with five small humps, two on each side and one on the

anterior end. Dorsum convex; derm shiny, hard; caudal

Mr. A. Hempel on Brazilian Coccide. 63

horn very small and dark brown. On the abdominal margin

there is a small five-lobed flange. Anal cleft short, scarcely

1 millim. long. Boiled in a solution of KOH it colours the

liquid reddish brown.

Antenne variable, of six joints, all of which bear hairs.

Length +198—-230 millim. Length of joints: (1) 81, (2) 26-

31, (3) 75-89, (4) 18-22, (5) 22, (6) 26-35. Approximate

formula: 3 6 (1 2) 5 4 or 3 (61 2) (5 4). Legs short.

Length of joints of first pair of legs: coxa 79, femur with

trochanter 114, tibia 75, tarsus 53, claw 18, digitules of claw

26. Digitules of claw large, with widely expanded ends;

tarsal digitules long and slender, with expanded ends. Ros-

trum well developed, placed just behind the insertion of the

first pair of legs. Hach stigmatal area is characterized by

thirty to thirty-six cone-shaped spines and as many large

round spinnerets. Around the lateral margin of the body

there are a few short hairs. Many small glands are scattered

over the dorsal and ventral derm.

Male scale white, very small, elliptical, with a slight dorsal

keel. Length 1:25 millim.; width °50 millim.

Hab. Ypiranga. Most abundant on Baccharis dracuncult-

folia, but also occurs on other plants of this genus.

Ceroplastes purpureus, Hempel.

Adult female scale thin, small, light brown, divided into

seven distinct plates. The general outline is that of a rect-

angle with the sides nearly perpendicular. In the younger

specimens the plates are distinct and are separated from each

other by dark brown lines; in the older specimens the dorsum

becomes more convex, the plates become indistinct, and the

colour changes to purple. Dorsal nucleus present, white,

slightly elevated ; lateral nuclei indieated by slight depres-

sions. Wax very thin and dry, but tough. Length 2°75

millim.; width 2°10 millim.; height 2°1 millim. Denuded of

wax derm hard, shining, dark red, roughened by many small

gland-pits. Caudal horn very small, dark brown. Boiled in

a solution of KOH it colours the liquid dark red. The derm

is chitinized and becomes light brown in colour.

Antenne of six joints, all of which bear hairs. Length

"178-206 millim. Length of joints: (1) 22-26, (2) 22-26,

(3) 70-79, (4) 18-22, (5) 18-22, (6) 28-31. Approximate

formula: 3 6 (1 2) (45). Legs short. Length of joints of

first pair of legs: coxa 53, femur and trochanter 102, tibia 66,

tarsus 48, claw 13, digitules of claw 26. Coxa with a short

spine on the proximal end. Tarsal digitules long, of unequal

64 Mr. A. Hempel on Brazilian Coccides.

size, with expanded ends; digitules of claw, one large the

other smaller, both with widely expanded ends. Rostrum

well developed, usually placed about midway between the

first and second pair of legs. Rostral loop extending beyond

the second pair of legs. Hach stigmatal area is charac-

terized by twenty to twenty-five conical spines and as many

spinnerets. Around the lateral margin of the body there is a

simple row of short hairs set close together. Derm with a

number of small glands.

Hab. Ypiranga. On the twigs of AZiconia sp. and other

bushes.

Ceroplastes formosus, Hempel.

Female scale rectangular; dorsum convex; wax bright

lemon-yellow in colour, uneven, divided into seven distinct

plates, situated two on each side, one on dorsum, one on the

anterior end, and one on the posterior end. Dorsal nucleus

large, white, usually covered with a black fungus; lateral

nuclei not visible. The wax is lighter in the centre of

lateral plates than on the edges, is hard and tough, and deeply

depressed about the dorsal nucleus. Length 4 millim.; width

3 millim.; height 2°75 millim. Boiled in a solution of KOH

the derm becomes transparent and soft. Caudal horn 500

millim. long, dark brown in colour.

Antenne variable, of six joints, all of which bear hairs.

Length *202—224 millim. Length of joints: (1) 31-35,

(2) 26, (8) 70-79, (4) 18-22, (5) 22, (6) 35-40. Approxi-

mate formula: 361 2 (4 5) or 3 (6 1) 2 (45). Legsshort.

Length of joints of first pair of legs: coxa 75, trochanter and

femur 93, tibia 75, tarsus 66, claw 18, digitules of claw 31.

Tarsal digitules 44. Digitules of claw of unequal size, one

large and wide, with expanded end, the other smaller and

narrower. ‘Tarsal digitules very iong and slender, with

expanded ends. Coxa with two short spines on the proximal

end; the tarsus frequently has an incision on the margin,

giving it the appearance of being jointed. Rostrum between

the first pair of legs; rostral loop extends to the third pair

oflegs. Anal ring apparently with six hairs. Hach stigmatal

area is characterized by about twenty conical spines and a

few round spinnerets. The conical spines are situated on the

entire margin of the body, except in the cephalic and caudal

regions. ‘I'he derm bears numerous small spinnerets.

Hab. Pecos de Caldas, State of Minas Geraes. On twigs

of Hugenia sp.

Mr. A. Hempel on Brazilian Coccidee. 65

Ceroplastes rarus, Hempel.

Adult female scale oval; dorsum very convex, conical,

coming to a point; wax thin, dry, brittle, creamy white,

divided into seven distinct plates—two lateral on each side,

one dorsal, one on the anterior end, and one on the posterior

end. Nuclei large, conspicuous, dark brown, oval; posterior

plate with two nuclei. The plates are divided from each

other by areas of brown wax. The wax in the plates is

arranged in concentric layers, those on the dorsum round,

those on the sides square. Numerous fine lines also radiate

from the nuclei. Length 5°75 millim.; width 4°50 millim. ;

height 4 millim. Denuded of wax derm hard, shiny, smooth,

light brown, with eight small humps, situated two on each

side, one on the anterior end, one on the dorsum, and one on

each side of the caudal horn. Caudal horn small, short, dark

brown, placed horizontally. Length5 millim.; width4millim.;

height 3°50 millim. Boiled in a solution of KOH it colours

the liquid light yellow. The dorsal derm remains chitinized

and opaque.

Antenne of seven joints, all but joint 3 bearing hairs.

Length °350-391 millim. Length of joints: (1) 53-66,

(2) 44, (3) 48-57, (4) 97-106, (5) 83-35, (6) 31-35, (7) 44-48.

Approximate furmula: 4 13 7 2 (5 6) or 4 (1 8) (7 2) (56).

Legs ordinary. Length of joints of the first pair of legs:

coxa 133, femur and trochanter i191, tibia 123, tarsus 97,

claw 22, digitules of claw 36. ‘Tarsal digitules very long

and slender, with the ends widely expanded. Digitules of

claw of equal size, large, wide, with widely expanded round

ends. Rostrum placed nearer the second pair of legs than

the first. Rostral loop short, not extending to the second pair

of legs.

ia Ypiranga. On the twigs of an indigenous shrub.

Ceroplastes cultus, Hempel.

Adult female scale irregularly oval, truncated posteriorly ;

dorsum convex, smooth, shiny, creamy white, divided into

seven plates by bright brown lines. The wax is thin and

hard, and slightly depressed about each nucleus. Dorsal

nucleus oblong, large, the lateral and terminal nuclei small,

subeircular ; all the nuclei are bright brown, with a small

patch of white wax in the centre. ‘The caudal plate has two

nuclei. The dorsal plate is the largest and subcircular in

outline. Fine lines radiate from all the nuclei and a few

concentric rings are also present. Around the lateral margin

the wax is thicker and nearly white. Length 5 millim. ;

Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. viii. 5

66 Mr. A. Hempel on Brazilian Coccide.

width 4 millim. ; height 3°6 millim. Denuded of wax derm

hard, brown; caudal horn black, small. There are three

small tubercles on each side and one on the anterior end.

Length 4 millim.; width 3 millim.; beight 2°5 millim.

Boiled in a solution of KOH the derm remains hard and

opaque.

Antenne variable, of seven joints, all except joint 3 bearing

hairs. Length 979: 307 millim. Length of joints: (1) 44,

(2) 35-44, (3) 40-48, (4) 66-79, (5) 26-31, (6) 26, (7) 35.

Approximate formula: 4 (812)7 (56). Legs long. Length

of joints of first pair of legs: coxa 128, femur and tro-

chanter 168, tibia 133, tarsus 84, claw 26, digitules of

claw 44. ‘Tarsal digitules very long, slender, with ‘expanded

ends. Digitules of “claw of equal size, large, with widely

expanded ends. Rostrum situated about midway between

the first and second pair of legs; rostral loop short, scarcely

longer than the rostrum and mentum. Hach stigmatal area

is characterized by about thirty conical spines and as many

large round spinnerets. Around the lateral margin there is a

simple row of short hairs, each tuberculate at the base. The

dorsal derm is composed of polygonal plates and contains

many small glands. ‘The ventral derm also bears some

glands near the margin.

Male scale small, ‘elongate, flat, with seven tufts of white

waxy secretion around the margin and one elongate tuft on

the dorsum. ‘The posterior end also bears a few threads of

white secretion. Length 1:50 millim.; width °75 millim.

Hub, Ypiranga. On the stem of the plant Arvgeron cuna-

densis, L.

Ceroplastes cuneatus, Hempel.

Adult female scale irregularly oval in outline, truncated

posteriorly, convex, wax coming to a blunt point on the

dorsum, divided into seven indistinct plates. Colour creamy

white, with light brown lines between the plates. Caudal

plate with two nuclei. All the nuclei deep brown, with a bit

ot white secretion in thecentre. The wax is much depressed

about the nuclei and thickened around the margin. A deep

sulcus runs around the dorsal plate, thus giving the surface a

rough nodular appearance. Frequently a hood of wax is

formed from behind over the dorsal nucleus, often partly

covering it. Length 4°25 millim.; width 3°75 millim. ;

height 3°25 millim. Denuded of wax the derm is brown,

shiny, hard. ‘The lateral humps are faintly indicated, but

not distinct. Length 3:25 millim.; width 2°50 millim., ;

height 2:00 millim., Caudal horn very small, brown.

Mr. A. Hempel on Brazilian Coccide. 67

Antenne variable, of seven joints, all but joint 3 bearing

hairs. Length *312-"364 millim. Length of joints: (1) 44-

53, (2) 35-44, (8) 48-57, (4) 84-101, (5) 26, (6) 31-35,

(7) 44-48. Approximate formula: 4 3 1 (7 2) 6 5 or

4 (317) 265. Legs long. Coxa with two short spines on

the proximal end. Length of joints of the first pair of legs:

coxa 106, trochanter and femur 194, tibia 120, tarsus 97,

claw 20, digitules of claw 35. ‘Tarsal digitules very long,

with expanded ends. Digitules of claw of equal size, large,

with widely expanded ends. Rostrum situated between the

first pair of lees. Rostral loop extending to the second pair

oflegs. Anal ring apparently with six hairs. Each stigmatal

area is characterized by about thirty conical spines and by

forty to fifty round spinnerets. Around the lateral margin

there is a simple row of long hairs, each one tuberculate at

the base. The derm is homogeneous and contains numerous

small glands.

Hab. Ypivanga. On the stems of Zrigeron canadensis, L.

Ceroplastes formicarius, Hempel.

Adult female scale oval to subcircular in shape, small,

convex, irregularly nodose, wax divided into seven plates;

with a slightly thickened border around the lateral margin.

Caudal plate largest, with two nuclei. All the nuclei light

brown in colour, sometimes with a faint trace of white secre-

tion. Wax soft and moist, pinkish white in colour, depressed

about the nuclei, giving the nodose appearance. Length

4 millim. ; width 3°25 millim.; height 2°10 millim. Denuded

of wax shiny; derm chitinized, but not very bard, light

brown in colour, with a slight dorsal tubercle. Caudal horn

small, a little darker than the derm. Length 35 millim. ;

width 2°5 millim.; height 1°75 millim.

Antenne variable, of seven joints, all except joint 3 bearing

hairs. Length 327-389 miilim. Length of joints: (1) 53,

(2) 538-66, (3) 62-75, (4) 70-89, (5) 28-35, (6) 26-31,

(7) 35-40. Approximate formula: 43217 (5 6). Legs

long; coxa with several short spines. Length of joints of

first pair of legs: coxa 102, trochanter and femur 204,

tibia 146, tarsus 93, claw 28, digitules of claw 41. Tarsal

digitules long, with expanded ends. Digitules of claw large,

with widely expanded ends. Rostrum situated between the

first pair of legs; rostral loop extending to the third pair of

legs. Anal ring with six hairs. Each stigmatal area is

characterized by a horseshoe-shaped depression on the ventral

surface and by about twenty conical spines and thirty to

thirty-five large round spinnerets. The lateral margin bears

68 Mr. A. Hempel on Brazilian Coccide.

a double row of conical spines, thickly set, especially on the

sides. On the anterior margin the row of spines becomes

simple and also bears a few long hairs. On the posterior

margin there are few spines, but more long hairs. ‘There is

also a row of short hairs on the ventral surface, just inside

the row of spines. The derm bears many minute glands.

Hab. Ypiranga. On the bark of Maytenus sp.

This species is accompanied by a large ant, Camponotus

sp., that constructs a covering of grass or earth around the

twigs upon which the insects are massed. A small lepido-

pterous larva also preys upon it, and appears to be very

destructive.

Ceroplastes rotundus, Hempel.

Adult female scale oval in outline; dorsum convex,

rounded. Wax smooth, thin, hard and brittle, divided into

seven distinct plates, light buff in colour, with brown lines

between the plates. Caudal plate with two nuclei. Dorsal

nucleus oval, large, the others small and nearly square, all

dark brown in colour, with a small patch of white secretion in

the centre. All the plates have minute radiating lines from

the nuclei and concentric rings, giving them the appearance

of fish-scales. Length 5 millim.; width 4 millim.; height

3°50 millim. Denuded of wax the insect is brown, derm

chitinized, caudal horn small, not darker than the derm; no

apparent humps are present.

Antenne variable, of seven joints, all except joint 3 bearing

hairs. Length 330-348 millim. Length of joints: (1) 44,

(2) 44, (3) 53-57, (4) 89-97, (5) 29-31, (6) 31, (7) 40-44.

Approximate formula: 4 3 (1 2 7) (6 5). Legs ordinary.

Length of joints of first pair of legs: coxa 97, trochanter and

femur 178, tibia 114, tarsus 97, claw 20, digitules of

claw 35. ‘Tarsal digitules very long and slender, with ex-

panded tips. Digitules of claw large, with widely expanded

tips. Anal ring apparently with six hairs. Rostrum situated

between the first and second pair of legs; rostral loop short,

extending beyond the second pair of legs. Hach stigmatal

area is characterized by about twenty-five conical spines and

a few round spinnerets. The lateral margin bears a few

tuberculate hairs. The derm bears many small glands.

flab, Ypiranga, State of S. Paulo. On twigs of Maytenus.

Ceroplastes simplex, Hempel.

Adult female scale oval, convex, slighly depressed around

the dorsal nucleus; greyish white in colour. ‘he dorsal

nucleus alone is visible, and is small, elliptical, aud pure

Mr. A. Hempel on Brazilian Coccide. 69

white. Wax not shiny, slightly roughened by radial furrows

and depressions, not brittle and not divided into plates, but

is slightly thickened around the lateral margin. Length

4°50 millim.; width 3 millim.; height 2°60 millim. Denuded

of wax the derm is hard, shiny, light brown in colour, with

minute spots of darker brown. ‘There are two slight humps

on each side and one on the dorsum. Caudal horn sharp,

short, scarcely -500 millim. long, dark brown in colour.

Length 3°50 millim.; width 2°25 millim.; height 2 millim.

Boiled in a solution of KOH it colours the liquid pink and

makes it turbid. The derm remains hard and semitrans-

parent.

Antenne variable, of seven joints, all except joint 3 bearing

hairs. Length -273-307 millim. Length of joints: (1) 44,

(2) 44, (3) 44-48, (4) 66-79, (5) 22-31, (6) 22-26, (7) 31-

30. Approximate formula: 43(1 2) 7(5 6) or 4 (8.1 2) 7 (56).

Legs ordinary. Length of joints of first pair of legs : coxa 79,

trochanter and femur 182, tibia 123, tarsus 79, claw 22,

digitules of claw 35. ‘Tarsal digitules long and slender, with

expanded ends. Digitules of claw large, with widely ex-

panded ends. Rostrum large, situated just behind the first

pair of legs; rostral loop extending a little beyond the second

pair of legs. Hach stigmatal area is characterized by about

thirty blunt conical spines and the same number of large

round spinnerets. ‘The lateral margin bears a simple row of

hairs set widely apart. ‘The derm bears many minute glands.

Hab. Ypiranga, State of S. Paulo. On the twigs of a

plant of the order Myrtaceze. Collected by Dr. H. v. Ihering.

Genus TECTOPULVINARIA, Hempel.

Adult female secreting an ovisac like in Pulvinaria.

Dorsum entirely covered with a white felt-like secretion.

Antenne of eight joints.

Type Tectopulvinaria albata, Hempel.

Tectopulvinaria albata, Hempel.

Adult female oval; dorsum convex, entirely covered with

a white felt-like secretion, which is evidently in two parts,

the first around the margin, the second covering the dorsum ;

this latter portion has the appearance of being secreted in

concentric layers. Over the secretion on the dorsum there is

usually a thin transparent scale, through which the dark

brown dorsal nucleus can be seen. Frequently the secretion

is elevated around the edges of the scale, leaving the middle

of the dorsum depressed. In the older specimens the scale

=

70 Mr. A. Hempel on Brazilian Coccide.

usually drops off. Margin of body depressed. Anal plates

dark brown, exposed. When removed from the bark it leaves

a thick ring of white secretion behind.

Denuded of wax it is oval in outline, being widest poste-

riorly, of a deep orange colour, with antenne and legs brown.

The lateral margin is depressed, forming a flange; dorsum

convex, with a median longitudinal ridge and four or five

transverse furrows. Anal cleft about °50 millim. long.

Length 3°75 millim.; width 3 millim.; height 1:25 millim.

Ovisac short, convex, yellowish, transversely striated, 3 millim.

long and 3 millim. high. Boiled in a solution of KOH it

colours the liquid an orange colour with a pink tinge. The

derm becomes soft and colourless.

Antennee variable, of seven or eight joints, eight being the

typical number. All joints bear hairs. Length 476-564

millim. Length of joints: (1) 79-89, (2) 57-70, (3) 95-111,

(4) 57-66, (5) 53-66, (6) 35-48, (7) 40-44, (8) 62-70.

Approximate formula: 31 (2845)67. Legs large; tarsus

curved. Length of joints of first pair of legs: coxa 178,

trochanter and femur 400, tibia 289, tarsus 173, claw 62,

digitules of claw 75. ‘T'arsal digitules slender, short, with

slightly expanded ends, not extending beyond the tip of

claw. Digitules of claw narrow, with ends slightly ex-

panded. Rostrum small, situated just behind the insertion of

the first pair of legs. Rostral loop extending to the second

pair of legs. Anal plates triangular, the antero-lateral side

shorter than the postero-lateral. Anal ring with six hairs.

Around the lateral margin of the body there are several

(three or four) confused rows of long sharp hairs. The

ventral surface bears many round spinnerets and some smaller

glands, while the dorsal surface bears numerous small oval

glands.

Male scale thin, white, narrow, elliptical; dorsum and

ventrum slightly convex; usually covered with a thin white

secretion. Length 1°75 millim.; width 1 millim.

Adult male orange in colour, oval, widest across the thorax,

Antenne of ten joints, all bearing many hairs, joint 10

having in addition three long knobbed hairs. Length of

joints: (1) 62, (2) 70, (8) 102, (4) 155, (5) 218, (6) 178,

(7) 178, (8) 183, (9) 89, (10) 120. Legs long and hairy.

Genital spike narrow, ‘480 millim. long. The last segment

of the body bears three long hairs on each side of the genital

spike; the other segments bear four to six shorter hairs on

each side. Halteres wanting. Length of body, excluding

genital spike, 1°450 millim.; width ‘730 millim.

Larva (just hatched).—Oval, orange-yellow in colour. The

Mr. A. Hempel on Brazihan Coccide. 71

abdomen ends in two large plates, each bearing one long

terminal seta and several shorter hairs. Around the lateral

margin of the body there is a simple row of long hairs. An-

tena of six joints, joint 3 the longest. Legs short; claw

long, with the digitules slender ‘and slig ehtly knobbed,

Tarsal digitules very long and slender, with the ends slightly

expanded. Rostral loop’ very long , being coiled in a circle on

the abdomen.

flab; Ypiranga and Jundiahy, on the stems of Vernonia

polyanthus, Less., and Trichogonia salvicfolia. Usually

accompanied by a species of Cremastogaster.

Genus PROTOPULVINARIA, Ckll.

Protopulvinaria conveva, Hempel.

Adult female elliptical or oval ; dorsum convex. A white

ovisac is secreted below the insect, elevating the caudal end

2 millim., but leaving the cephalic end attached to the bark.

Dorsum hard and shiny, usually covered with a thin white

powdery secretion ; this is sometimes only present in patches,

sometimes it covers the entire animal. ‘There is a slight

median longitudinal ridge, and on each side two longitudinal

rows of shallow gland-pits. ‘The sides are slightly wrinkled.

Colour above brownish red, usually with a median stripe

of dark brown; below orange-red. Length 5:10 millim. ;

width 4°50 millim. ; height 2 miliim, Boiled in a solution of

KOH it colours the liquid light brown. ‘he derm remains

chitinized and opaque.

Antenne variable, of seven or eight joints. Antenne of

seven joints *381—405 millim. long. All joints except joint 3

bear hairs. Length of joints: (1) 62, (2) 53, (3) 70, (4) 106-

123, (5) 35, (6) 24-31, (7) 31. Approximate formula:

43125(67). Antenne of eight joints 435-467 millim.

long. All joints except joints 3 and 4 bear hairs. Length

of joints : (1) 66-75, (2) 66, (3) 79-84, (4) 48-53, (5) 79-

Sen(6)- 35,. (7) 81-35, (8) 31-35. Approximate formula :

(85)124(678). Legs small. Length of joints of first

pair of legs: coxa 84, femur and trochanter 191, tibia 151,

tarsus 75, claw 24, digitules of claw 42. Claw very fine and

slender ; digitules ‘of claw fine, with slightly expanded ends;

tarsal digitules long, slender, with slightly expanded ends.

Rostrum ‘large, situated between the first pair of legs ; rostral

loop very short. Anal plates small, triangular, the two outer

sides equal in length. Anal ring with six hairs. Around

the margin of the body there is a double row of long sharp

hairs. The derm on the ventral surface bears numerous long

72 Bibliographical Notices.

filamentous glands, and on the dorsal surface there are

several longitudinal rows of small round glands.

Larva (just hatched).—Elliptical, flat, reddish brown in

colour; eyes large, conical, dark brown. Antenne long, of six

joints; joints 3 and 6 the longest and about equal in length.

The body ends in two plates, each bearing one long terminal

seta and several shorter hairs. The margin of the body is ser-

rated and bears a simple row of rather long hairs. _ Legs long,

slender, the digitules of claw and tarsus long and thin, with

slightly expanded ends. Rostral loop not extending to the

anal plates.

Hab. Sio Paulo. On the stems of Smilaw sp.

Some small parasitic Diptera were bred from the ovisacs

of this species.

[To be continued. |

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES.

Studies in Fossil Botany. By Duxinrietp Henry Scorr, M.A.,

Ph.D., F.R.S., F.LS., F.G.S., Honorary Keeper of the Jodrell

Laboratory, Royal Gardens, Kew. Containing 151 Illustrations.

London: Adam and Charles Black, 1900. Pp. xiii, 533.

Tur author is a distinguished member of the energetic band of

workers in paleobotany whose labours have in recent years con-

tributed to throw so much light on many obscure points of the

vanished flora of geologic times. Dr. Scott was associated with the

closing portion of the long scientific career of the late Professor

Williamson, and is well acquainted with the collection brought

together by that veteran paleobotanist ; therefore it is not sur-

prising that much of the information here presented has been drawn

from specimens contained in that collection, now national property,

in the Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road.

The volume is founded on a course of lectures given four years

ago at University College, Gower Street, under the same title, but

entirely recast in accordance with newer information which has

been rendered accessible since these lectures were delivered. It is

confined to setting out the results of inquiries of chief importance

from a botanical standpoint relating to the two subkingdoms of

Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms, all considerations of the lower

cryptogams and the phanerogams being put aside.

The author explains the difference in the condition of plants pre-

served by incrustation and petrification—the former being most

familiar to those people who visit geological collections, while the

second is largely confined to the cabinets of specialists as admitting

Bibliographical Notices. 73

of the application of the operations of slicing and polishing. While

the plants preserved by incrustation display such characters as the

shape of the leaf and venation excellently, the organic structure

has practically disappeared, those petrified, on the other hand,

showing their minute anatomy to a surprising degree. The details

of cell-structure can be made out with considerable certainty, and

by painstaking collation of many specimens the entire histology may

be determined.

Dr. Scott’s plan is to go methodically through the alliances as

follows, describing any special structure which may be found in

them :—Beginning with the Kquisetales, once so grandly developed

in the Carboniferous period, though now only represented in the

living series by one genus, then taking up the Sphenophyllales,

representative of a type of vegetation which has wholly vanished,

passing to the Lycopodiales, familiar to recent botanists in the

genera Lycopodium and Selaginella, which are of humble dimensions

when compared with their ancestral forms, and then the ferns.

which are better represented in the present day than in the fore-

going groups. Next in order we have the Cycadofilices, that

curiously intermediate group between the Ferns and Cycads, which

is only known in a fossil state, coming lastly to the Mesozoic

Gymnosperms.

The object of the author is to compare the structure found in these

fossil forms with similar structure found in recent plants. Quoting

with approval Solms-Laubach’s phrase that our object in studying

the fessil forms is ‘‘ the completion of the natural system,” Dr. Scott

is careful not to bring up any very doubtful specimens, but te keep

attention fixed on those specimens which can throw light on the

problems presented by these fragmentary remains. It would be

impossible, we think, to read this volume with care and fail to gain

a very good idea of the organization and the relations of these

plants, not only to one another, but also to the existing vegetation.

There is one special difficulty which besets the paleobotanist, and

that is that fossil genera and species have been founded upon entirely

ditferent considerations from those which govern the naming of

recent plants, and this, too, from the very nature of things, as a

moment’s reflection will show. Owing to the state in which these

fossils occur, the root, the stem, and the fruit of the same plant

have sometimes received generic rank only to be reduced as the

result of examination of a large series or from some lucky accident

showing the organic connexion of one of these structures to another.

It is not surprising, therefore, that palaobotany teems with so-called

genera and species which the systematist of recent plants would

regard as hopelessiy bad, and that much of the work and much of

the interest of the present-day paleontologist is deyoted to deter-

mining the relations of these separated parts.

The numerous drawings, reproduced by various processes, succeed

in showing the points desired, mainly in consequence of the care

spent in selecting the given specimen to bring out the special

Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. viii. 6

74 Miscellaneous.

character. We have mentioned that the plants here investigated

are those whose internal structure has been preserved, either silici-

fied or calcified ; and thus it arises that the methods of anatomic

observation are well adapted to the prosecution of this branch of

research.

Where praise is due in no unstinted measure it may seem un-

gracious to note a small blemish; but the question suggests itself,

Why should the author continue to write Lyginodendron Oldhamium

with a capital letter? The form Oldhamium is due to earlier

writers (instead of the more correct form oldhamense) ; but we find

other instances, such as Chetrostrobus Pettycurensis, when the same

author has correctly written Medullosa anglica. These trifling

departures from the common usage of botanists do not, of course,

really detract from the usefulness of the book, which, regarded from

every point of view, is worthy of the author and of his subject.

First Records of British Flowering Plants. Compiled by Wittram A.

Cuarke. Second Edition, Revised and Corrected. London:

West, Newman, & Co., 1900. Pp. xvi, 194.

Tue first draft of this volume appeared in the ‘ Journal of Botany’

for 1892-96, and it was republished as a separate work in 1897,

with additions and corrections and a note on nomenclature. But

this edition did not satisfy the author, who has again revised the

work, added the actual names used by the old authors cited, and

has brought it out in a form which is a great improvement on the

last edition.

The work being thus well known to the majority of British

botanists, it hardly needs detailed description ; but we may cordially

welcome its reappearance in its new shape.

MISCELLANEOUS.

On the Dates of Publication of the ‘ Histoire naturelle générale et

particuliére des Mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles’ and the

‘ Tableaux systématiques des Animaux mollusques, by the Barons

Férussac and G. P. Deshayes. By C. Davizs Saerzorn, F.Z.S. &c.,

and B. B. Woopwarp, F.L.S. &e.

Tur exact dates of publication of the parts of these remarkable

twin works have long been a source of difficulty for malacologists,

and though we have not been able to completely solve the problem,

we think that enough information has been brought together to

justify publication of the results attained.

The two works were issued together in 42 livr., which appeared

between 1819 and 1851, while some portions of the text appear to

have been issued in early livraisons of the companion work by the

younger Féruesac and Alcide d’Orbigny—the ‘ Hist. nat..... des

75

Céphalopodes ’ * (see Instructions to Binder in this last work). This

fact, coupled with irregular mode of issue and the difficulty of

ascertaining the exact contents of the several parts, has made the

unravelling a task of much trouble, while to this moment we find it

impossible to understand the sheeting as cited in the ‘ Bibliographie

de la France.’

The following is the list of the livraisons, with such details con-

cerning their contents as could be found :—

Miscellaneous.

S

14.

. 1822. 4 [Contained znter alia plate of Mé-

. 1823.

( 1-6 contained tom. ii. pt. 1,

pp. i-xvi, 1-96 (‘ Fin de

1819. 3 shests, pp. i-xvi,1- . Bibl. Franc. 6 Mar. 1819. | T Eiist Nat, des timnates)

1819. 2 5 Tunes 1810); |. eae ee te Dea Een a

1819. 5 HO Sulla S195) (esa en tester

1819. 2 13 Septan TOLOn Nee cua eee ee esol

1819. 3 -96 4 Dees AISI), Sor eet Looe eee

[Sept. 1819 (Journ. Phys, | 27 Ae yineoes” nad

Oct. 1819, Annonces). | ee ee nara fee

1820. 1 [Cover only.] 26 Feb. 1820. ee a Raat

cous” are reprinted in

‘Tsis, 1822, Litt. Anz.

L153 & 169.

1820. 8 17 June, 1820.

1820. 4 5 Aug. 1820.

( Contained the greater part

a Gael a | GE dhe dai dhe “Tabl

1821. 3 Dees, igen) SSe Lew. Lamesa

(dated 1820) | Journ. Phys., Apr. 1821,

* (Annonces.

1821. 24 13 July, 1821.

1821. 2 21 Sept. 1821.

1821. 3 10 Nov. 1821.

(In 1822, p. 338, ‘ Isis’ noticed livr. 1-13, 1819-21; 72 pls. & 36 sheets text=

tom. ii. pt. 1, to p. 100; pp. 1-94 of “Tabl. Fam. Limacons” are also

noticed : see note to livr. 28.)

1822. 3 16 Feb. 1822.

(Livr. 14 & 15 contained “ Tabl. Syst.” i.-pp. xlviii. Oken got livr. 15 later, for

he speaks of it as just received (‘ Isis,’ 1824, Lit. Anz. 1), and adds he has up

to Lief. 20.)

13 Apr. 1822.

lanopsides fossiles, no. 1, Mém.

Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris, i. (1823)

p. 149.]

. 1822. 34 16 July, 1822.

. 1823. 1 [No text.] 2 Nov. 1825.

“‘ Explic. des planches suppl. et de celles qui ne doivent pas faire partie du 1* vol.”

“ Point de texte,” Fér. Bull. gén. 1828, ii. p. 65.

. 1823. [No text.] Bibl. Frang. 1 Mar. 1823.

. 1823. \ “ Nouvelle division Pulmonés” and “Suppl. a Vhist. nat. Limaces’*» =tom. ii. pt. 1,

. 1823. pp- 96% to 96% and 96% to 96. See Férussac, Bull. i. (1824) p. 196.

[Contained inter alia plate of “ Mélanopsides fossiles,” no. 2; Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat.

Paris, i. (1823) p. 149.] Bibl. Frang. 27 Sept. 1823 [19-21, 43 sheets. ]

* Of the dates of publication of this work all that can at present be

said is that the first three out of the 21 livraisons appeared in Sept. 1834,

nos. 4-9 in 1835, no. 12 in 1889, nos. 13-18 in 1840 taking the work up to

p- 240, and that it was finished in 1848,

Livy. 22. 1832. )

23. 1832.

24, 1832. [No text. ]

25. 1832. |

26. 1832. )

27. 1832. [No text.] Bibl. Franc. 4 Aug. 1832. [22~97, § sheet & 36 pls. | 4a

28. 1832. [? No text] last part by Férussac. Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. y. 1832, p. 1

Moquin-Tandon also notices “ livr. 1-28=pp. 1-128, 1819-32.”

29. 1839. [Tom. ii. pt. 1, text up to p. 152.] (See Pfeiffer, Zeitschr. f. Malac. vii. 1850, p. 1

& ix. 1852, p. 116.) Undertaken by Deshayes on death of Férussac in 1836.

30. 1839. (Pfeiffer, Zeitschr. f. Malak. vii. 1850, p. 145.) Commenced with “ Pulmonés s

opercule,” Helix polygyrata, pp. 1-40.

31. 1840. (Pfeiffer, ibid. and p. 147, which seems to show that this livr. was “ plates only. ~i

32. 1840. Plates only. (Pfeiffer, ibid.) ae

33. 1840 or 41. Plates only. (Pfeiffer, ibid.) i)

34. 1841. Plates only. (Pfeiffer, ibid. and p. 153.) Work suspended by Deshayes’s voyage

Algeria.

35. Feb. 1850. (Pfeiffer, ibid.). (9 sheets=pp. 4~?; Bibl. Franc. 16 Feb. 1850.)

36. Feb. 1850. (Pfeiffer, ibid.) (8 sheets=?; Bibl. Frang. 16 Feb. 1850.)

37. 18 May, 1850. (Pfeiffer, ibid.; uptono.242=p.181.) (9 sheets=pp. 213-248, Bibl. Fra

* 18 May, 1850.) [Page 181 being the first of a new sheet, and species no. 243

p. 182 being most distinctly included by Pfeiffer in the next part, we conclu

that p. 181 was originally printed on aspare blank or on the wrapper of the pa

38. 10 Oct. 1850. (Pfeiffer, 1851, p.97.) (8 sheets, Bibl. Frang. 380 Nov. 1850)=pp. 182-?

39. 15 Nov. 1850. (Pfeiffer, ibid.) (8 sheets=pp. 281- 312, Bibl. Frang. 30 Nov. 1880.)

40. 10 Jan. 1851. (Pfeiffer, ibid.) up to p. 400. [‘Troschel, in Wiegmann’s ‘ Archiv,’ 1851, i)

p. 102, gives the contents of Lief. 35-40 as=pp. 41-376. We take it that while

roschel had part 40 before him he limited his analysis to pts. 35-39, since he was

recording work published in 1850 only ; and hence the discrepancy between |

account and Pfeiffer’s. |

4). a

42. 30 July 1851. (Pfeiffer, ix. 1852, p. 97.) ‘‘ Addition au genre Helice,”=pp. 401, 402)

76 Miscellaneous.

“‘ Pulmonés sans opercule, genre Bulimus,” pp. 1-260 (end). Pp. 153-184 of t

general treatise. ‘‘ Nouvelles additions 4 la famille des Limaces,” pp. 96'~96*4,

The completed works therefore stand as follows :—

1. Histoire naturelle .... des Mollusques, &e. ;

Tom. i. Titlepage (dated 1820-1851) | : 1851

Rae ee eee Table jj oes oe oseeae ES aos ea

Pipe PAO ne ecadessatamesegeecs sti aa ae cueene net eine mame mae te 1839

ALSO 28. cubsepaanseseal don eee Wate aeec aR MOREE ee eee 1850

BET AOD aS. Ges SSdele Re ate ad he See Le Nn a OO 1851

Tom. ii. pt. 1. Titlepage (dated 1820-1851) 0.0... 185]

Original titlepage (dated 1819)

Dedication and Preface (=pp. va} eraseci tacit 1819

Pp. 1- 96

QG8=9621%, O62=96" os. ct atuesen deme oc eae Ms ee 1823

Mae Oa BRE ACO URr Aci atene iE nun anc rcassaaimereose sages 1851

DISCO ee eee ce een ae Ree oh 1820 or 1821

VOU 28.30% Sr debs. £ «octet ea phate nh Semen ? —1832

VAD S12 cesshoe battens soneReaser de aceahtl ce aes ? —1839

153-184

sage 1-360 | et Se. 0G oR OE eet San He 1851

2. Tableaux systématiques, &e.

Mablusystue Cucrauxnp pa Kivi) as... seRe ee eeene ee eeee eee eects 1822

Tabl. particuliers :

I. Tabl. Fam. Iamaces, pp. 1-27..........2.....5..2. (dated) 1821

1 i aa ye Bimavons) |); 1-94), 2). 100) eee eee ehh 1821

LER oF jy abAuricules;,; “9b-WA:. 205055. ee eee 182] ?*

* Published before the Dict. Class. Hist. Nat. i. (1822). Cf p. 90 of

that work.

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CONTENTS OF NUMBER 43. Jaa Series. ane

I. Notes on the Recent Literature of Japanese Land-Snails. By

Dr. Henry A. Pirssry, Special Curator of the Department of Mol-

lusca, Academy of Natural ees of Philadelphia

CC ee ee er

II. Descriptions of Three new Siluroid Fishes of the Genus Syn

dontis discovered by Mr. W. L. S. Loat in the White Nile. ee Oe

BOSTENGERS FOR IS Sse a ieee oe ee Se eek eae

IIT. Diagnoses of Four 1 new Fishes discovered by Mricds He S:

Moore in Lakes Albert and Albert Edward. By G. A. BovLEncer,

OSU He haan Needing te TAN.) sR RS eR RG RAO SS Sh i's

IV. On the Occurrence of Salmo macrostigma in Sardinia. ‘By

G. A. Boutencer, F.R.S.

bicelles e.(@.© > \wiel.e\(e <= ep) e) 16 0.0 je. eo eels ey wiles (whinge ais

VY. Description of a new Lizard from the Gaboon. By G. ee

Bouunerr, F.RS.

0 elle © “ei, Tele em: bite Ye (@ elie. 0) 6, ©, folly 0 le) e 8 0 fe ve js e186 le) ele, 6 ie we 18

VI. New Genera and Species of Eastern ae Australian Moths,

By ColonelvC: Swannon; Mea PLS. ieee ea ee eae

VII. Some new African Bats (including one pe the TOTES) and

a new Galago. By Oxprietp Tomas

a

i

VIil. The Rutelid Genus’ Adorodocia and a new Allied Foknt.

By Gal bent a cARROW Pees ee eek LS ew Gime aie iced eke

1X. New Species of Noctuidae from ee) America. By Ww.

Stops ty iad dd Are pea pinbel ay Makaha VB Ea Se a BVA ie Ura AA Seah

X. The new Mexico Coccide of the Genus Ripersia. By PD ae

CocKERELL

wep ele 6 (eel, ec. © 0 em 2 6,0 «18 © 019 10,0 6.0 6 8 6 8.62 © ole 8 ie ee ee. 0 0 \e

XL. On a Collection of Butterflies Hehe by George aiiathd, Esq.,

in Northern Nigeria between September 1899 and January 1900.

By Arraor G. Burter, Ph.D.

Ce eC eS SS

XI. On a few Undeseribed Rhynchota By W. L. Disranr .

XIII. Descriptions of Brazilian Coccide. By Avoten Hempet,

S. Paulo, Brazil

eee es 8 ee 0610 1 0s eels fee le. 0 pw 806 us 9 © 10 a le 0) 8-0 § 0 ee

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES.

Studies in Fossil Botany. By Duxinriery Hunry Scorr, M.A., Ph.D.,

F.RS., F.LS., F.G.S., Honorary Keeper of the Jodrell Labora.

tory, Royal Gardens, Kew

ohehp te, ‘ve See. -@) ate) .0 a Hee het ee. is 30/10 ele ve o hs oe leh

First Records of British Flowering Plonte Compiled by Wiriiam

A. CLARKB ....:

© fog Uae tees 1610. p 2718s 6-6) jo) he fe 18 ed ep hots thy eae le ice Aplite the ha

MISCELLANEOUS.

On the Dates of Publication of the ‘ Histoire naturelle generale et

particuliére des Mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles’ and the

‘ Tableaux systématiques des Animaux mollusques,’ by the Barons

Férussac and G. P. Deshayes. By C. Davizs Suertorn, F.Z.S.

&e., and B. B. Woopwarp, F.L.S. &e.

ee ee ee Ber rd

*,¥* It is requested that all Communications for this Work may be addy essed,

post-paid, to the Care of Messrs. Taylor and ee Foal ios ;

Red Lion Court, Fleet Street, London.

pa 6

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No. 44. AUGUST 1901.

XLV.—New Species of Noctuide from Tropical Anerica.

By W. Scuaus, F.Z.S8.

[Concluded from p. 51.]

YPSORA, gen. nov.

Antenne pectinated to tips. Palpi long, upturned ; first

and second joints flattened, smoothly scaled; third joint as

long as second. Fore tibia hairy ; hind tibia smooth; mid

tibia with long hairy tufts. Wangs crenulate. Primaries:

veins 7, 8, 10 from end of areole. Secondaries: vein 4 from

lower angle of cell, 6 and 7 from upper angle.

Ypsora santaris.

Primaries dark violaceous brown, slightly mottled with

buff on costa and on the inner margin near base ; an oblique

blackish shade from inner margin to orbicular, which is

small, black; some indistinct median, light brown, oblique

lines; reniform large, mottled with buff, and partly edged

with white ; outer line fine, black, curved and dentate beyond

cell, interrupted by the veins, and chiefly distinct below

vein 3; the subterminal yellowish buff, indistinct above

vein 8, and shaded inwardly with dark streaks between 6 and

8. Secondaries with the costa paler; the outer lines dentate,

velvety black; the subterminal yellowish buff, inwardly

Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. viii. |

78 Mr. W. Schaus on new Species of

shaded with blackish brown; on both wings marginal dark

points outwardly shaded with buff. Underneath light brown ;

two median, an outer, and a subterminal transverse shade;

marginal blackish spots between the veins. Body dark viola-

ceous brown above, light brown below; a transverse buff line

on last segment of abdomen.

Expanse 40 millim.

Hab. Brazil.

Pseudanthracia corvus.

Body dark steel-grey. Wings dark steel-grey, irrorated

with black strie; the lines black. Primaries: the costa with

some small white and larger dark brown spots; an inter-

rupted basal line; the inner line angled twice above median,

curved below it, partly geminate; a median wavy line,

followed by a broader dark brown shade; a dark streak on

discocellular ; the outer line dark brown, oblique from costa,

nearly straight to vein 3, then curved below discal streak, and

wavy to inner margin, followed by a velvety black line; the

subterminal line toothed between veins 3 and 4, hardly visible

between 4 and 7, above which it is toothed twice, and below

vein 8 it is inwardly curved, and is preceded by a brownish

shade between inner margin and vein 2; a terminal line;

fringe lighter grey. Secondaries with the outer and sub-

terminal lines distinct; the strize on outer margin rather

thick. Underneath light grey, irrorated with darker scales ;

a faint outer line; blackish striz on outer margins; a black

discal point on secondaries.

Expanse 43 millim.

Hab. Orizaba.

PETEROMA, gen. nov.

Antenne with fine cilia. Fore tibia with a long lateral

tuft of hairs; hind tibia shortly haired and with a single pair

of spines. Palpi porrect; second joint long, third short.

Abdomen slight, hardly extending beyond hind wing. Wings

crenulate, angled at vein 4.

Peteroma jarinta.

Body light brown; basal segment of abdomen dark velvety

brown, crossed by a white band. Primaries dark buff, shaded

with lilacine grey at base, in cell, and at origin of veins 2 and

3; a dark velvety-brown line from below median vein, near

middle of cell, to inner margin near base; a fine black oblique

streak on costa to base of subcostal vein ; a fine oblique inner

Noctuide from Tropical America. 79

line from costa to median vein; a median geminate fine line,

very oblique to median vein at end of cell, then straight

oblique from vein 3 to middle of inner margin, followed

below vein 3 by a dark brown shade, which is crossed by the

outer line; the outer line black, very deeply dentate, and ex-

curved far beyond cell, preceded and followed between veins

5-7 by a dark brown shade; a white point at end of cell

between veins 3 and 4; a subterminal buff line, shaded on

either side with dark brown, and preceded by a pale buff

shade between submedian and vein 3; a dark grey marginal

spot between veins 3 and 5; a terminal dark line; fringe

divided by a brown shade. Secondaries buff; a basal velvety

brown band; median space tinged with grey, followed by a

geminate dark line and then by two pale reddish-brown lines ;

the outer line fine, black, straight, followed by a brown space

erossed by a still darker brown line; the subterminal and

marginal spot as on primaries. Underneath buff, irrorated

with dark brown ; finely dentate geminate median and outer

lines; a dark streak in cell on secondaries.

In the male there is a long streak of dark grey hairs below

vein 6 on secondaries.

Expanse 40 millim.

Hab. Rio Janeiro, Petropolis.

Peteroma carilla.

Body light brown. Wings light brown, the lines darker

brown ; a few dark irrorations. Primaries: a basal line on

costa; an inner curved and oblique geminate line; a geminate

median line; the outer line fine, black, dentate beyond cell,

then lunular to inner margin, thickened between veins 5 and 6;

a blackish space from outer line to fringe at vein 4; sub-

terminal partly geminate, indistinct; a black point as orbicular;

reniform semilunar, white; a terminal wavy black line ;

a lilacine space below costa from outer line to subterminal.

Secondaries: the base more thickly irrorated with dark

seales; an inner line; a geminate median line; outer line

very distinct, blackish; the subterminal geminate, partly

followed by a reddish-brown shade; a black spot at end of

vein 4; a terminal dark line. Underneath buff, irrorated

with brown; dark discal points ; a geminate median line; an

outer line; a subterminal dark shade.

Hxpanse 31 millim.

Hab. Aroa, Venezuela.

Peteroma conita.

Head and collar brown. ‘Thorax lilacine grey. Body

7#

80 Mr. W. Schaus on new Species of

mottled grey and brown, with darker irrorations. Primaries

buff, irrorated with a few black scales; a light brown oblique

inner band from costa to median vein; a velvety brown line

from origin of vein 2 to inner margin near base, broadly

shaded inwardly with lilacine; an orbicular black point; a

black discocellular streak, preceded and followed by a brown

shade, and then outwardly by a white and lilacine shade;

outer line angled below costa, then oblique to discocellular,

forming a deep outward curve between 3 and 5, and again

inwardly curved to middle of inner margin; below vein 3

the outer line is inwardly broadly shaded with dark brown

from veins 4—7, and outwardly shaded with dark brown to the

subterminal ; a velvety brown streak on vein 7 from outer

line to subterminal ; subterminal pale buff, preceded by dark

spots on veins 2-5 and on submedian; outer margin light

brown, darker towards apex ; a broad black streak from sub-

terminal on to fringe along vein 4; black submarginal points

between the veins; an indistinct dark terminal line. Second-

aries somewhat darker buff, irrorated with black scales; a

black discal point; a fine reddish-brown subterminal line,

inwardly shaded with pale buff and outwardly followed by a

broader reddish-brown line from anal angle to vein 5; a black

marginal spot at vein 4 extending on to fringe. Underneath

buff, irrorated with dark brown ; brown discal points ; a faint

eeminate median line; a finely lunular distinct outer line; a

faint subterminal shade; submarginal black points; black

marginal spots at vein 4; costa of primaries whitish from

outer line to apex.

Expanse 38 millim.

Hab. Aroa, Venezuela.

Peteroma dastona.

Body dark grey; abdominal segments posteriorly black.

Primaries: basal third of costal margin broadly blackish,

irrorated with brown; a light grey space from inner margin

at base to median line on costa, followed below the median by

a velvety black line ; median space below cell very dark grey,

crossed by a fine black median line; reniform large, white ;

outer line dentate, white from costa to vein 7, then velvety

black and inwardly curved to inner margin; a blackish shade

from reniform to apex; outer margin dark grey, paler about

the inner angle; subterminal fine, black, wavy, outwardly

shaded with white at apex and below vein 3. Secondaries

dark grey; a minute white discal spot, followed by two

darker grey lines; a pale grey outer band, crossed by a dark

Noctuide from Tropical America. 81

line and outwardly edged by a black line ; a black subterminal

line; outer margin broadly pale grey, with a single dark line

beyond the subterminal ; a terminal wavy black line. Under-

neath brown; dark discal points; a geminate median line;

an outer line and a subterminal shade.

Expanse 36 millim.

Hab. Oaxaca, Mexico.

Peteroma albilinea.

Body and wings brown. Primaries: a white band from

base of inner margin to subterminal line near apex; the costal

margin mottled with white; the subterminal white, from

costa near apex to inner angle; reniform large, reddish

brown, outlined with white ; faint submarginal black spots.

Secondaries: a subterminal white line. iene light

brown ; a darker subterminal shade.

Expanse 35 millim.

Hab. Rio Janeiro.

Centpeta nubila.

Head, collar, and abdomen greyish brown. Thorax grey.

Primaries light grey, the lines greyish brown and geminate ;

the basal line not reaching inner margin; the inner line

curved, dentate; the median line slightly wavy, crossing the

reniform, which is large, finely outlined in brown, and con-

tains a dark point; the outer line thickened on costa, where

it 18 whitish, finely lunular, hardly incurved below vein 3;

the subterminal white, wavy, broadly shaded inwardly with

dark brown from vein 3 to costa, and followed by a narrow

dark shade; a terminal dark line. Secondaries greyish

brown, the outer line blackish, indistinct; the subterminal

buff, narrow, from anal angle to vein 6; some pale markings

on outer margin. Underneath very similar to C. polynoe, Gn.,

but the white spot on costa of primaries is smaller.

Expanse 35 millim.

Hab. Peruvian Amazons.

Cenipeta fragilis.

Head and thorax grey. Abdomen pale yellow. Pri-

maries light grey, irrorated with pale umber-brown scales;

median line black, other lines umber-brown; a basal line;

inner line oblique at costa, then lunular to inner margin ;

median line geminate on costa, somewhat oblique outwardly

to below vein 2, then slichtly eurved inwardly to inner

margin ; reniform large, umber-brown, enclosing some grey

82 Mr. W. Schaus on new Species of

scales; outer line geminate, angled beyond cell, close to

median line on inner margin; subterminal geminate near

costa, suffusing and forming large blotches below vein 5;

terminal dark spots; fringe grey, spotted with umber-brown.

Secondaries pale yellow; outer margin broadly black from

apex to vein 4, then divided by a marginal dentate yellow

shade to anal angle; a faint median dark line; an irregular

dark outer line from anal angle to vein 6 ; fringe pale yellow.

Underneath: primaries dark brownish grey; the base and

inner margin whitish; a white discal spot; traces of an

oblique median line and angled outer line. Secondaries pale

yellow ; a dark discal point; an interrupted outer line; a

broad marginal dark shade, interrupted by pale yellow at

apex and between veins 2 and 4,

Expanse 32 millim.

Hab. Aroa, Venezuela.

Baniana ypita.

Head and collar reddish brown. Thorax light brown,

anteriorly shaded with dark velvety brown. Abdomen dull

brown. Primaries light brown, irrorated with darker scales ;

lines reddish brown, inwardly shaded with buff; the inner

line angled below costa, then slightly curved inwardly to

middle of inner margin; outer line straight from costa at

three fourths from base to inner angle; reniform large, pale

brown, inwardly edged by a semilunar dark line; subterminal

fine, dark brown, angled five times; terminal dark spots

between the veins. Secondaries dark brown; fringe yellowish.

Underneath dark greyish brown, without lines.

Expanse 32 millim.

Hab. Aroa, Venezuela.

Allied to B. veluticollis, Hamps.

Baniana? veluta.

Antenne thick, with a row of cilia for half their length,

then nodose and curved, thinner, with shorter cilia to tips.

Palpi and collar black; vertex and thorax buff. Abdomen

brownish grey. Primaries buff, darker on outer margin,

thinly irrorated with dark scales; some violaceous black

scales at base of inner margin, followed by a large, irregular,

dark velvety brown trigonate spot, extending just above

median vein; some whitish and black scales at end of cell

and just beyond cell; terminal black spots between the veins.

Secondaries dark greyish brown, paler at base. Underneath:

Noctuide from Tropical America. 83

primaries brown ; secondaries with the inner area buff, irro-

rated with brown and a brownish discocellular spot.

Expanse 27 millim.

Hab. Trinidad.

Sexes similar, the female antenne simple.

Poesula gorima.

Palpi, head, and collar reddish brown. Abdomen viola-

ceous brown above; anal tuft yellow. Primaries light

violaceous brown; a broad, outwardly oblique from costa,

dark brown inner shade ; the inner margin dark brown from

inner to outer line; an oblique median shade on costa, from

which there is a fine irregular line to inner margin; a black

point as orbicular, a dark discocellular streak as reniform ;

outer line straight, at three fourths from base, dark brown,

inwardly shaded with lighter brown; the space beyond to

subterminal also dark brown; subterminal irregular, out-

wardly dentate between veins 3 and 4; a terminal dark line

with black points between the veins. Secondaries blackish

brown, darkest on outer margin; a black discal spot; fringe

ochreous brown. Underneath: primaries dark grey; the

costa ochreous brown: secondaries whitish, irrorated with

darker scales; a black discal point ; a fine outer line.

Eixpanse 32 millim.

flab. Rio Janeiro.

Phurys jaliscana.

Body brownish grey. Primaries light brownish grey; a

fine median line, pale, outwardly shaded with dark brown

above inner margin, angled on costa, slightly curved inwardly

to inner margin, and preceded below the submedian by a

velvety black spot; a dark streak at end of cell, crossed by a

fine darker grey line, and followed by two more similar lines ;

a pale line from costa near apex to inner margin near angle,

slightly curved, broadly shaded outwardly with dark brown ;

a subterminal greyish line, outwardly lunular between the

veins; minute black points at tips of veins. Secondaries

brown at base, the outer margin broadly dark greyish brown.

Underneath brown; traces of a dark outer line and broad

subterminal dark shade; some fulvous hairs at base of

secondaries.

Exxpanse 42 millim.

flab. Guadalajara, Mexico.

Allied to P. flexa, Gn.

84 Mr. W. Schaus on new Species of

Phurys monaza,

Head and thorax dark grey. Abdomen brownish. Pri-

maties grey, irrorated with brown scales; lines dark brown,

inwardly shaded with light grey ; inner line nearly straight,

slightly more distant from base on inner than on costal

margin; outer line at two thirds from base, parallel with

outer margin; a dark brown discocellular streak; a fine

dentate subterminal dark line, marked with black points on

veins, and a terminal outwardly lunular line, the two lines

connected by streaks on veins; the subterminal preceded by

some pale grey streaks on veins. Secondaries brown, shaded

with yellow at base; a terminal black line; a faint dark

onter line. Underneath buff, thickly irrorated with brown; a

dark outer line.

Expanse 32 millim.

Hab. Orizaba, Mexico.

Phurys escondida.

Head and thorax grey. Abdomen light brown. Primaries

grey, thickly irrorated with brown scales; an oblique brown

shade from veins 8-6; a subterminal brown shade from near

apex to submedian vein near angle; an indistinct brown line

below median vein from base, not reaching the subterminal ;

a dark terminal line. Secondaries brown; a darker sub-

terminal shade. Underneath brown, without lines.

Expanse 32 millim.

Hab, Castro, Parana.

Phurys bigutta.

9? .—Head and thorax buff. Abdomen light brown. Pri-

maries light brown, irorated with black scales, thinly at base,

more thickly outwardly; inner line buff, outwardly shaded

with darker brown, oblique from inner margin at one third

from base to subcostal before reniform ; reniform consisting

of two superposed black spots; outer line from near apex to

inner margin near angle, buff, shaded finely with reddish

brown, and again outwardly broadly with black; minute

black points at tips of veims. Secondaries similar; the outer

line pale, less distinct, broadly shaded outwardly with black.

Underneath light brown, the outer margin broadly darker.

Expanse 36 millim.

Hab. Jalapa, Mexico.

Phurys navilla.

Body light brown. Primaries light brown, thinly irrorated

Noctuide from Tropical America. 85

with black scales ; an indistinct basal line, curved to base of

inner margin ; inner line darker brown, inwardly shaded with

pale reddish brown, straight from costa to inner margin,

followed in cell by a white spot, which is then followed by a

small black spot ; a subterminal reddish-brown line, inwardly

edged with buff, and followed by black spots on veins; ter-

minal black points at tips of veins. Secondaries brown,

thickly irrorated with black scales ; a subterminal black shade,

widest at apex. Underneath brown ; darker discal points.

Expanse 39 millim.

flab. Jalapa, Mexico.

Phurys dentilinea.

Head and thorax light grey. Abdomen light brown. Pri-

maries light grey; a faint basal line; the inner line pale,

slightly shaded outwardly with olivaceous brown, somewhat

curved inwardly, more remote from base on inner margin

than on costal margin, and preceded in the male by a small

velvety black spot on the inner margin; reniform large, out-

wardly and inwardly marked by a dark line, closely followed

by two fine, dentate, darker grey lines; a buff line slightly

shaded outwardly with brown from costa near apex to inner

margin near angle; a subterminal fine dentate dark grey line;

a terminal similar line. Secondaries light brown on basal

two thirds; the outer margin dark greyish brown; a buff

outer line between the pale and dark portion. Underneath

light brown; a darker outer line.

Expanse 42 millim.

Hab. Orizaba, Mexico.

Mocis griscescens.

9 .—Body grey. Primaries grey; basal line fine, broad,

straight from costa to median vein; inner line fine, velvety

brown, outwardly shaded with reddish brown, outwardly

oblique from cesta, angled on subcostal vein, preceded on

inner margin by a velvety black spot; orbicular represented

by a small buff point ; reniform large, oval, consisting of a

fine brown line ; two fine oblique lines from costa to reniform,

and a wavy fine line from reniform to inner margin; outer

line fine, geminate, outwardly lunular, followed by a reddish-

brown line, oblique from costa, forming two slight curves

above and below vein 7, then straight to inner margin, and

immediately followed by the subterminal blackish shade,

which is straight from costa near apex to vein 7, then dentate

to inner margin; a few black points on veins beyond the

86 Mr. W. Schaus on new Species of

subterminal ; a dark terminal dentate lunular line; fringe

grey. Secondaries grey, tinged with brown at base and on

costa; a fine wavy reddish-brown outer line from inner margin

to vein 4; a dark grey subterminal shade from above anal

angle, not extending to apex. Underneath brownish grey ;

faint traces of an outer line.

The male is darker, especially about outer line and sub-

terminal shade.

Expanse 43 millim.

Hab. Jalapa, Mexico.

Mocis valina.

Head and thorax grey. Abdomen brownish. Primaries

grey ; the basal line velvety brown, nearly straight from costa

to submedian; the inner line pale, outwardly shaded with

dark brown, slightly curved obliquely to submedian, then

outwardly oblique to inner margin, and preceded below the

submedian by a velvety black spot; orbicular represented by

a white point; reniform finely outlined in dark brown, sur-

mounting an equally large circular line, both containing a

dark streak ; two oblique dark shades from costa to reniform ;

a fine median line from cell to inner margin, dentate; the

outer line finely dentate, angled and curved below costa,

followed from vein 7 to inner margin by a straight reddish-

brown line, shaded on either side by buff; the subterminal

dark brown shade from costa to inner margin adjoining the

outer buff shade, and followed by a row of conspicuous black

points on the veins; a fine brownish terminal lunular line.

Secondaries brown; a fine outer brown line, angled close to

inner margin, and hardly reaching costa; a dark subterminal

line above anal angle. Underneath brown; an outer darker

line; a discal dark point on secondaries.

Expanse 42 millim.

flab. Guadalajara, Mexico.

Heteropygas filena.

Head and thorax lilacine brown. Body brownish. Pri-

maries lilacine ; a fine, irregular, broad inner line; orbicular

represented by a brown point; reniform larger, edged with

brown; a brown outer line angled at vein 6, outwardly

shaded with whitish and inwardly with dark brown between

the median and submedian veins, especially dark at origin of

veins 2 and 3; a little shading between the cell and angle of

outer line; costa finely olivaceous brown, with yellow spots

towards apex ; a dark brown subterminal shade from apex to

Noctuide from Tropical America. 87

inner margin near angle, outwardly shaded with reddish

brown. Secondaries light brown, a dark subterminal shade.

Undcrneath: primaries greyish, the margin narrowly, the

apex broadly light brown ; a dark discal streak : secondaries

buff, irrorated with brown, a dark median line.

Expanse 33 millim.

Hab. Castro, Parana.

Argidia subapicata.

Palpi and fore coxe ochreous. Body fawn colour. Pri-

maries light brown, the costa broadly tinged with roseate

beyond inner line; the cell tinged with ochreous; the inner

and median lines fine, dark, parallel, forming three outward

curves ; two oblique dark shades from costa, one to median

line, the other to reniform ; the reniform large, finely outlined,

and divided vertically by a dark line extending beyond cell

and above subcostal vein; the outer line fine, dark, geminate,

angled at vein 7, followed from vein 7 to costa by a broad

dark brown space; between the submedian and vein 4 a pale

buff shade; three subterminal black points between veins 3

and 5; a terminal fine dark line. Secondaries light brown ;

a dark wavy inner line; a straight outer line, dark brown,

partly followed by a fine blackish line; a subterminal irre-

gular brown line. Underneath: primaries with a large costal

spot reaching apex, inwardly bordered by a semilunar dark

brown line, and crossed by a darker brown oblique shade ;

costal margin to spot broadly white; outer margin and disc

brown; lines darker, fine, inner and median lines straight,

outer and subterminal lines wavy; orbicular and reniform

large, whitish, the former cut by the inner line, the latter with

a vertical fine dark line: secondaries yellow ; fine dark inner,

outer, and subterminal lines.

_ Eixpanse 45 millim.

Hab. Rio Janeiro.

Allied to A. palmipes, Gn.

Thermesia pallescens.

Body and wings grey, thinly irrorated with black scales.

Primaries : the costa and lines light reddish brown; the inner

line indistinct, nearly straight, faintly shaded inwardly with

buff; the outer line broader, deeply angled below costa, out-

wardly shaded with buff; the orbicular small, vague, dark

grey; the reniform large, light reddish brown, not very

distinct ; fringe brown. Secondaries: the outer line straight

as on primaries; a small black discal spot near base; fringe

§8 Mr. W. Schaus cn new Species of

light brown. Underneath fawn-colour, irrorated with black

scales ; two black points in cell of primaries, one on second-

aries. The wings are faintly angled at vein 4.

Expanse 40 millim.

Hlab. S&o Paulo, 8.H. Brazil.

Sanys evanescens.

Head and thorax greyish brown. Abdomen brown.

Wings buff, irrorated with grey and light brown. Pri-

maries: a fine dark inner line, inwardly shaded with whitish

scales, slightly oblique inwardly from costa; orbicular large,

round; reniform large, kidney-shaped, outlined in dark

brown; a pale buff line, shaded on either side with dark

brown from costa near apex to inner margin of secondaries ;

an oblique brown shade from costa to vein 7 before this line ;

subterminal black spots, outwardly shaded with white; a

terminal brown line and black points on both wings. Second-

aries with a dark discal point. Underneath greyish buff;

dark discal points ; subterminal dark points on primaries.

Expanse 30 millim.

Hab. Aroa, Venezuela.

Allied to S. irrosea, Gn.= Thermesia lara, Schaus.

Sanys capsicata.

Palpi: second joint outwardly brown, inwardly buff; third

joint grey, tipped with blackish. Vertex brown. Collar

velvety black anteriorly, grey posteriorly. ‘Thorax and

abdomen grey. Wings greyish buff, irrorated with dark

grey strie. Primaries: inner line hardly visible; a median

black costal streak ; outer line broad, light reddish brown,

angled below costa, spotted with white on veins, followed by

a black spot above and another below the submedian vein; a

blackish apical shade ; a wavy black terminal line. Second-

aries; the outer and terminal lines as on primaries; a sub-

terminal dark grey shade; a black discal point surrounded

by buff. Underneath brownish grey. Primaries with orbi-

cular and reniform represented by black points: secondaries

paler; the outer margin brownish grey; a broad velvety

brown discocellular streak.

Expanse 42 millim.

Hab. Aroa, Venezuela.

Ophisma sinuata.

Body pale brownish grey. Primaries pale brownish grey ;

a whitish wavy basal line; inner line fine, whitish, oblique

Noctuidae from Tropical America. 89

from costa to below cell, where it is angled, then inwardly

oblique to inner margin ; an irregular whitish line, forming a

triangle, the base on costa, the apex at vein 2, enclosing the

reniform, which consists of two brown points, one above the

other ; outer line fine, straight, white, followed by a broad

brown shade which reaches the apex, though cut before apex

by an oblique white line from costa; this brown shade forms

on its marginal side two inward curves from above and below

the middle of the space between veins 38 and 4; some marginal

dark points between the veins. Secondaries brown, palest

and shaded with grey on outer margin between angle and

vein 6. Underneath grey, finely irrorated with brown ; a dark

outer line, followed by a subterminal dark shade, broadest on

primaries; minute discal points; on secondaries a faint

median line.

Expanse 42 millim.

Hab. Aroa, Venezuela; Coatepec, Mexico.

Ophisma variata.

Form 1.—Body brown. Primaries: basal third brown,

with traces of pale basal and inner lines, parallel and oblique

from costa; a broad grey median band, nearly straight and

eut by a black line on its inner side; outer space mottled

ochreous and reddish brown, shaded with brown on inner

margin and outer margin, broadly between veins 4 and 6;

an oblique white line from costa to dark marginal shade at

vein 6; two superposed black points at end of cell; marginal

black points shaded with lilacine; a terminal brown line;

fringe light brown, palest at base; some white points on

costa near apex.

Form 2.— Primaries almost entirely brown; the median

band reduced to a pale line; a few reddish-brown shadings

on outer portion of wing; the white costal streak reduced.

Form 3.—Primaries greyish brown; a median pale line;

an outer wavy reddish-brown shade; a subterminal whitish

shade. Secondaries in all three forms brown or black-brown ;

an indistinct pale outer line to above anal angle; a terminal

dark line at anal angle, which is slightly excised ; sometimes

a pale shading on outer margin and fringe. Underneath :

costal and outer margin of primaries and entire secondaries

shaded with lilacine and irrorated with brown scales; a fine

dark outer line and subterminal wavy line; the outer margin

of primaries more or less broadly dark brown.

Expanse 36-44 millim.

Hab. Aroa, Venezuela; Castro, Parana.

90 Mr. W. Schaus on new Species of

Bendis pannisca.

Body brownish lilacine. Primaries lilacine, thinly irrorated

with brown scales; the lines and outer margin brown; a

basal and an inner wavy line; a minute brown point as

orbicular; a straight median band; an outer line, curved

beyond cell, then inwardly oblique to inner margin; a dark

median shade from costa near apex to inner margin at three

fourths from base; some indistinct dark marginal points be-

tween the veins. Secondaries brown, palest at base, irrorated

with darker brown and lilacine scales; a darker median

shade; the outer line fine, outwardly shaded with lilacine; a

dentate subterminal line. Underneath brown, the median

and outer lines very indistinct.

Eixpanse 32 millim.

Hab. Castro, Parana.

Gonodonta mexicana.

Palpi olivaceous grey. Vertex whitish. Collar, thorax,

and tufts on abdomen dark olivaceous grey. Abdomen

bright yellow. Primaries dark olivaceous brown, slightly

paler towards the outer margin, which is irrorated with

lilacine and pale olivaceous-brown scales, the dark and lighter

space separated by a subterminal undulating grey line, out-

wardly shaded with reddish brown and followed by some

brown points on veins; from apex to vein 6 a marginal wavy

line ; the subterminal terminating at inner angle and preceded

below vein 2 by a small black spot, containing some pale

scales; the reniform consisting of a darker line surmounted

by a black point; at base a light olivaceous-brown spot

outwardly bordered with reddish brown and white; the costal

margin creamy white, the sinus deeper than in holosericea,

Gn., shaded with reddish brown and olivaceous, containing

lilacine scales. Secondaries orange; some dark hairs on

inner margin, the outer margin broadly black, especially at

apex. Underneath: primaries grey; the costal margin

yellow ; some yellow hairs at base of cell: secondaries yellow,

some marginal black spots between veins 2 and 6.

Expanse 42 millim.

Hab. Jalapa, Mexico.

In holosericea, Gn., the margins of secondaries below are

broadly black.

Euthermisia distincta.

Body light lilacine brown ; underneath the collar a dark

velvety space. Primaries: the base and outer margin brown

Noctuidae from Tropical America. on

tinged with lilacine; the median space light brown or pale

buff, thinly irrorated with dark scales; the lines dark brown ;

the inner line nearly straight, the median represented by an

oblique streak on costa and a similar streak on inner margin,

both outwardly oblique; the outer line deeply angled below

costa, with a dark streak from angle to apex, the outer line

outwardly shaded with buff, followed by a blackish shade on

inner margin; subterminal dark spots between veins ; a black

point for orbicular ; reniform large, outlined in dark brown.

Secondaries brownish; the outer line fine, dark brown, most

distinct on inner margin; subterminal black spots above anal

angle. Underneath light brown, irrorated with dark grey ;

an outer finely wavy dark line; subterminal spots most

distinct on secondaries ; whitish discal spots on secondaries

divided by a blackish spot.

Hxpanse 33 millim.

Hab. Castro, Parana.

Renodes chacma.

Body and wings greyish buff, irrorated with darker scales.

Primaries: the costa finely yellow ; blackish spots at origin

of veins and towards apex; lines fine, dark brown, edged on

either side with ochreous brown; the inner line indentate in

cell; the outer line curved beyond cell; the reniform reddish

brown, with darker scales; terminal black spots inwardly

edged with white, the largest just below apex. Secondaries

with the outer and terminal lines as on primaries; the inner

line vague and not reaching inner margin. Underneath buff,

irrorated with dark brown; the primaries suffused with brown ;

traces of an outer line; discal spot consisting of geminate

black lines on primaries; a dark patch on secondaries.

Expanse 22 millim.

Hab. Rio Janeiro.

PAGYRA, gen. nov.

Antenne pectinated. Palpi ascending, not stout; second

joint long, third very short. Legs smooth; hind tibia with

a single pair of spurs. Wings broad, outer margins rounded ;

anal angle of secondaries acute.

Pagyra calgia.

Head and collar reddish brown. Thorax and abdomen

grey. Wings greyish buff; a subterminal row of reddish-

brown spots; a terminal red line; fringe roseate. Primaries:

92 Mr. W. Schaus on new Species of

costa finely reddish brown; a wavy reddish-brown inner line ;

a wavy brown median line; a brown point as orbicular ;

reniform large, outlined in reddish brown; outer line fine,

black, slightly curved below costa, outwardly shaded with

reddish brown and a few white scales on veins 2-4. Second-

aries: an indistinct blackish median line; outer line reddish

brown, spotted with white on veins. Underneath: primaries

light brown, secondaries whitish ; an indistinct dark outer

line.

Expanse 35 millim.

Hab, Castro, Parana.

Triommatodes madrina.

Head dark brown. Thorax, abdomen, and wings viola-

ceous grey, the markings blackish brown. Primaries: a

basal spot; a wavy fine inner line; a broad median shade ;

orbicular and reniform both large, finely outlined ; outer line

very oblique from costa, angled below vein 7, forming a slight

inward curve to below 5, then wavy, fine to inner margin,

pale buff between veins 3 and 8, broadly shaded inwardly

with dark brown between veins 4 and 7, and outwardly shaded

with blackish from veins 4 to 7; the dark shade continuing

towards costal margin near apex; above the oblique portion

of outer line is a pale brown shade; costa with pale spots

towards apex; indistinct subterminal and marginal spots.

Secondaries: a broad median shade, paler than on primaries,

terminating in a small dark brown spot on inner margin;

outer line dark brown, outwardly shaded with buff; a dark

anal spot on inner margin. Underneath grey, pale lunular

discocellular marks shaded on either side with dark grey;

the dark outer line indistinct.

Expanse 34 millim.

Hab. Orizaba, Mexico.

Triommatodes padrina.

Head brown. Thorax grey. Abdomen dark grey. Wings

dull grey, irrorated with dark brown scales. Markings

brown. Primaries: a small basal spot; a wavy fine inner

line; a broad median band, divided by a greyish line; the

orbicular and reniform both large, finely outlined in brown;

an outer fine angular line, inwardly shaded with buff above

vein 4, where it crosses a large brown patch which extends to

costal margin near apex ; subterminal black points between

the veins; a brown patch between veins 5 and 6 anda smaller

subapical patch ; marginal black points and a fine terminal

Noctuidee from Tropical America. 93

black line on both wings. Secondaries: a dark median,

geminate, dentate shade, thickening on inner margin; outer

line fine, irregular, dentate-lunular, followed by some brown

scales on inner margin; subterminal black points. Under-

neath grey, irrorated with brown; a distinct, finely lunular,

dark outer line; dark discal points, two subapical points on

primaries ; a median shade on secondaries.

Iixpanse 38 millim.

Hab. Casa Branca.

Triommatodes subrita.

Body and wings dull brownish grey. Primaries: inner

line fine, brown, not extending below cell, but there isa brown

point on submedian vein; a median brown shade outwardly

curved in cell, where it is followed by a brown quadrate spot,

then somewhat oblique inwardly, and less heavily marked to

inner margin; a large brown space from vein 4 to costa, where

it widens towards apex, and is also paler; this space is cut

by the outer line, which is yellowish brown, very oblique

outwardly to vein 7, then straight to vein 4, below which the

line is minutely punctiform, dark brown on veins; subter-

minal and marginal dark points; a terminal dark line.

Secondaries: a dark brown median line; outer punctiform

spots dark brown, outwardly shaded with yellowish scales, the

spot on inner margin large; subterminal marginal spots and

terminal line as on primaries. Underneath with dark discal

points, median and outer wavy dark lines, more heavily

marked on secondaries.

Expanse 39 millim.

Hab. Casa Branca, Brazil.

Capnodes incurvata.

Body and wings dark greyish brown. Primaries: a narrow

inner line, brownish buff, slightly curved on costa, then

straight to inner margin; a black point as orbicular; a

velvety brown discocellular streak, irrorated with white scales,

followed by a lilacine buff spot containing some dark scales,

and surmounted by some white scattered scales; the outer

line oblique, white on costa, curved from subcostal to vein 3,

buff, inwardly shaded with dark velvety brown, then following

vein 3 to cell, below which it is somewhat oblique outwardly

to inner margin; small white spots on costa before apex, a

subterminal reddish-brown shade; marginal dark brown

points outwardly shaded with white. Secondaries: a whitish

discal spot; outer line nearly straight; subterminal shade

Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. viii. 8

94 Mr. W. Schaus on new Species of

less distinct. Underneath brown, irrorated with whitish

scales ; a whitish outer line; white marginal points; a white

discal spot on primaries ; the primaries have the apex acute,

slightly falcate, much rounded between veins 3 and 5.

Expanse 88-41 millim.

Hab. Casa Branca, Brazil.

Capnodes quarima.

Wings brown, slightly tinged with violaceous and irrorated

with black scales. Primaries: the inner line dark brown,

inwardly shaded with ochreous brown and mottled with white

on costal margin; a white discal point, circled with dark

brown ; outer line dark brown, outwardly shaded with ochreous

brown, curved beyond cell, and followed by a white spot on

costal margin; four small pale costal spots before apex ;

irregular subterminal black spots between the veins; a ter-

minal black line, thickening between the veins. Secondaries:

two small superposed black discal spots; outer line as on

primaries, also subterminal spots ; faint paler brown spots at

tips of veins. Underneath: primaries light brown ; second-

aries buff, irrorated with darker brown scales; a dark outer

line, heaviest on secondaries, and a dark discal spot on same

wings.

Expanse 28 millim.

Hab. Rio Janeiro.

Allied to C. laranda, Druce.

Capnodes marita.

Body and wings light brown, markings black. Primaries :

a basal spot, a fine inner line nearly straight, faint ; orbicular

smill, well defined; a fine median shade thickening on costa,

median vein, and inner margin; reniform consisting of two

superposed contiguous rings, inwardly oblique towards costa ;

outer line punctiform below vein 7, the spots outwardly

shaded with white, and the spot on inner margin largest;

irregular subterminal spots between the veins, increasing in

size towards the inner margin; a fine terminal brown line.

Secondaries ; outer and subterminal spots, also terminal line,

as on primaries ; a broad transverse streak in cell. Under-

neath brownish buff, the outer margins darker; subterminal

and terminal black spots between the veins; primaries, two

black spots in cell; secondaries, a broad black discocellular

streak.

Expanse 30 millim.

Hab. Aroa, Venezuela.

Or

Noctuidee from Tropical Amerie.. gy

Capnodes undilla.

Body and wings lilacine brown, markings black; sub-

terminal and terminal black spots between the veins; outer

line finely lunular, broken on secondaries, partly geminate,

and followed by an indistinct pale brown shade. Primaries:

a faint basal line; a wavy inner line, geminate on costa; a

few dark scales as orbicular; reniform consisting of two con-

tiguous circles, the lower one partly filled in with black.

Secondaries: a black discal point. Underneath: primaries

greyish brown; a dark discocellular streak; a faint outer

line; pale costal spots before apex: secondaries yellowish

buff, greyish on outer margin; a discocellular streak; a

median spot on costal margin; some outer spots near inner

margin.

Expanse 30 millim.

Hab. Aroa, Venezuela.

Capnodes stelligera.

Body brown, spotted with white. Wings brown, with a

few scattered pale green scales. Primaries: some scattered

clusters of white scales at base and in place of the inner line;

a large pale green spot on inner margin near base; reniform

large, circled with white, partly filled in with pale green

scales, and closely followed by a broken white line, suffusing

with the outer line on inner margin; the outer line geminate,

consisting of small clusters of white and pale green scales ;

subterminal and marginal white spots, which are very small

between veins 3 and 5; basal half of fringe brown, spotted

with white, outer half mottled white and grey. Secondaries :

the inner margin shaded with metallic violaceous; some

small white spots in discal area; outer line geminate, puncti-

form, white; subterminal marginal spots and fringe as on

primaries. Underneath: primaries brown; the outer margin

greyish; white costal spots before apex: secondaries buff;

the outer margin grey; the costa shaded with brown; an

outer and a broader subterminal brown shade; a large brown

discal spot.

Exxpanse 28 millim.

Hab. Petropolis, Brazil.

Capnodes vacca.

Head and collar ochreous brown. Thorax violaceous

brown; abdomen greyish brown. Primaries ochreous brown ;

the outer margin broadly tinged with olivaceous brown ;

Qk

96 Mr. W. Schaus on new Species of

inner and outer lines violaceous below subcostal vein, spotted

with white on veins, above subcostal vein white; a wavy

median violaceous shade; orbicular small; reniform large,

guadrate, violaceous; subterminal dark spots, outwardly

shaded with lighter brown; terminal dark shades between

the veins. Secondaries somewhat olivaceous brown; outer,

subterminal, and terminal spots as on primaries; a dark

discal spot. Underneath brownish yellow; the outer margins

browner ; a dark outer line; a streak and geminate spot in cell

of primaries ; a geminate discocellular streak on secondaries.

Expanse 38 millim.

Hab. Jalapa, Mexico.

Capnodes diffidens.

Body brown. Wings brown, irrorated thinly with black

scales. Primaries: a basal and an inner wavy black line ;

orbicular minute, black ; reniform large, white, irregular ; an

outer curved black line, finely lunular below vein 4; a sub-

terminal black shade below costa; terminal black spots in-

wardly shaded with white. Secondaries with only an outer

finely lunular black line, and the terminal points as on pri-

maries. Underneath: primaries brown; a faint outer line ;

a subterminal line terminating in a large black costal spot :

secondaries pale buff, thinly irrorated with brown; a black

discal spot ; terminal black points.

Hxpanse 28 millim.

Hab. Castro, Parana.

Capnodes palindica.

Body dark brown. Wings dark brown. Primaries: the

base and outer space slightly paler than median space ; inner

line slightly curved, darker brown, spotted with white on

costa, median and submedian veins; orbicular very small,

black ; reniform large, black ; outer line curved below costa

to vein 7, fine, whitish, below vein 7 nearly straight, broad,

white, with long black striz, followed by a paler brown

space; subterminal black spots between the veins, shaded

with grey ; terminal black spots between the veins. Second-

aries: a black discocellular streak ; outer line, subterminal

and terminal spots as on primaries. Underneath: primaries

light brown: secondaries buff, irrorated with brown; black

discal spots; a fine lunular outer line; a fine subterminal

shade; terminal black spots.

Expanse 27 millim.

Hab. Castro, Parana.

Noctuide from Tropical America. 97

Capnodes borrega.

Body dark violaceous grey. Wings dark violaceous brown.

Primaries: an inner and an outer darker shade minutely

spotted with yellow on veins, and originating from two large

white costal spots, edged with yellow and containing some

yellow scales ; a row of subterminal yellowish spots ; marginal

pale spots between the veins and terminal pale spots at ends

of veins. Secondaries: a black discal mark; a large light

brown spot between discal mark and outer shade; outer shade,

subterminal and marginal spots as on primaries. Under-

neath: primaries greyish brown ; some whitish costal spots ;

a dark discocellular line; indistinct dark outer and subterminal

shades. Secondaries grey, the outer margin broadly dark

grey ; a large black discal spot ; an outer dark grey line.

Hxpanse 28 millim.

Hab, Coatepec, Jalapa, Mexico.

Capnodes lola.

Body and wings lilacine buff. Primaries: the costa

darker, spotted with yellow, especially on onter half; some

dark flecks at base; traces of a fine dark inner line; orbicular

consisting of a dark point; reniform oval, faintly outlined in

dark brown; outer line nearly straight, interrupted by the

veins, geminate, the inner portion most heavily marked; a

subterminal dentate line, geminate, interrupted by the veins ;

terminal black spots. Secondaries: two small superposed

discal spots ; outer, subterminal and terminal markings as on

primaries. Underneath buff; outer and subterminal dark

lines ; on primaries orbicular small, reniform larger, black ; a

black discal spot on secondaries.

Expanse 22 millim.

Hab. Trinidad; Aroa, Venezuela.

Capnodes harmodia.

Body brown. Wings brown. Primaries: an inner trans-

verse white line, forming three slight outward curves; an

outer white line, oblique from costa, curved beyond cell; a

white discocellular streak; the median vein, also veins 2-6,

and submedian vein white to beyond outer line; four small

ellow spots on costa before apex; a subterminal row of

black spots between the veins; a fine subterminal reddish-

brown line. Secondaries: a finely wavy outer white line ;

veins 2-6 streaked with white on either side of outer line;

subterminal black spots. Underneath buff, irrorated with

98 Mr. W. Schaus on new Species of

brown; dark brown discal spots; a dark outer line; traces

of subterminal spots.

Exxpanse 32 millim.

Hab. Peru; Castro, Parana.

Capnodes ? sabulosa.

Head buff, collar grey. Thorax violaceous brown. Abdo-

men grey, mottled with reddish brown. Primaries to outer

line grey, thickly irrorated with brown and black scales; the

base and an oblique median costal shade somewhat darker; a

blackish discocellular mark; outer margin broadly reddish

brown, on which is the outer line, consisting of a curved row

of white spots on veins, followed on costa by a black space;

the veins somewhat streaked with black; a blackish shade

from costal spot to outer margin at vein 4; some terminal

reddish shades. Secondaries yellowish, thickly irrorated

with reddish brown except between veins 4 and 6; veins

irrorated with black, grey, and red; outer white points on

veins connected by a dark lunular line; a black and red

cluster of scales at end of cell, fringe mottled yellowish and

red. Underneath whitish, irrorated with red scales, especially

towards outer margins; a geminate median and an outer

finely wavy black line; a dark discal spot on secondaries.

Expanse 28 millim.

Hab. Orizaba.

Rhosologia tripuncta.

Palpi: second joint dark brown, third joint buff. Body

whitish buff. Primaries whitish buff, thinly irrorated with

light brown scales, forming faint outer and subterminal

punctiform lines; three dark velvety brown spots; the orbi-

cular small, round; the reniform thick, outwardly toothed

below, and an elongated spot below the median vein; black

terminal points. Secondaries whitish buff, the outer margin

irrorated with brown; a dark discal spot; terminal points

less distinct. Underneath pale buff, thinly irrorated with

light brown; a brown lunular discocellular spot on secondaries.

Expanse 35 millim.

Hab. Sao Paulo, 8.E. Brazil.

Rhosologia brunnea.

Palpi outwardly dark velvety brown. Head, collar, and

thorax lilacine buff. Abdomen greyish brown. Primaries

Noctuide from Tropical America. 99

reddish brown, thinly irrorated with black; orbicular minute ;

reniform larger, dark grey, both indistinct ; an outer row of

minute black spots on veins; subterminal small black spots

above vein 4; terminal black spots. Secondaries dark

greyish brown; fringe reddish brown. Underneath: primaries

dark grey: secondaries buff, irrorated with blackish-grey

scales ; a subterminal dark band, interrupted by the veins; a

dark discal spot.

Expanse 35 millim.

Hab. Aroa, Venezuela.

Rhosologia discata.

Palpi outwardly black, inwardly and above buff. Body

buff. Primaries buff, thinly irrorated with dark grey scales ;

a dark point at base; inner and outer lines punctiform, light

brown, indistinct; a brown point as orbicular; renitorm

large, outlined with greyish brown and partly filled with

reddish-brown scales; subterminal thick, lunular, dark brown,

interrupted by the veins; terminal black points. Secondaries

brown, palest at base; a dark discal spot; fringe pale

brownish. Underneath: primaries brown, secondaries buff ;

large discal spots; large subterminal brown spots between

the veins most conspicuous on secondaries.

Expanse 35 millim.

Hab. Rio Janeiro.

Rhosologia pantina.

Palpi black, ridged above with brown. Body buff. Pri-

maries buff; a minute black spot at base; inner and outer

lines fine, reddish, minutely spotted with black on veins;

inner line wavy, outer line incurved below vein 4; a black

point as orbicular; reniform large, circled with black, tilled

in with buff and reddish-brown scales; subterminal reddish

and black spots; terminal black points; fringe roseate.

Secondaries: inner area and base yellowish, otherwise

thickly irrorated with brown ; an interrupted black terminal

line ; a dark discocellular mark ; fringe roseate. Underneath

buff; the primaries thickly irrorated with brown; large dark

discal spots; a broad outer line, somewhat interrupted ; black

terminal points.

Expanse 27 millim.

Hab, Trinidad.

100 Mr. A. Hempel on Brazilian Coccidee.

XV.— Descriptions of Brazilian Coccide.

By Apo.tpx Hempet, 8S. Paulo, Brazil.

[Concluded from p. 72.]

Genus PuLvinaria, Targ.

Pulvinaria ficus, Hempel.

Dr. F. Noack, formerly of Campinas, told me that he had

found Pulvinaria psidii, Maskell, at Campinas and Sao

Paulo on the leaves of Psidium sp., and specimens in our

collection, also on Pstdium, were identified assuch. A closer

study of the specimens, however, shows that they do not

agree with the description and figures of P. psidi’, Maskell.

The specimens are here described as a new species.

Adult female before gestation elliptical or oval, depressed,

yellowish brown ; derm slightly wrinkled near the margin.

Anal lobes dark brown; anal cleft scarcely 1 millim. long.

Length 5 millim.; width 2°25 millim. Ovisace white, homo-

geneous, oval, convex: length with dried and shrivelled

animal 5 millim.; width 3°25 millim.; height 2 millim.

The wax of ovisac is fluffy and adheres firmly to anything it

touches. The insect begins to secrete the ovisac by first

secreting a soft fringe of white wax around the entire margin

of the body. Boiled in a solution of KOH it imparts to the

liquid a light straw-colour. The derm becomes soft and

transparent.

Antenne variable, of eight joints, all bearing hairs; joints

2 and 5 each bearing one very long one. Occasionally an

individual will be found with only seven joints to the antenne.

Length ‘425-540 millim. Length of joints: (1) 48-53,

(2) 66-70, (8) 97-110, (4) 58-70, (5) 53-79, (6) 31-48,

(7) 31-44, (8) 48-66. Approximate formula: 3(524)81(67).

Legs long; trochanter with a very long hair ; tarsus slightly

curved. Length of joints of first pair of legs: coxa 156,

trochanter and femur 326, tibia 267, tarsus 120, claw 31,

digitules of claw 62. ‘Tarsal digitules short, slender, with

tips slightly expanded; digitules of claw large, with widely

expanded ends. Rostrum ordinary, situated between the

first pair of legs; rostral loop extending beyond the second

pair of legs. Anal plates small, triangular, the antero-lateral

side shorter than the postero-lateral. Anal ring with eight

hairs. Around the lateral margin of the body there is a

thickly-set row of short hairs, with tuberculate bases, and

Mr. A. Hempel on Brazilian Coccide. 101

flattened, expanded, and fringed ends. The abdomen bears

several long hairs in front of the anal plates and between the

antenne, four of those between the antenna being very long

and characteristic. Hach stigmatal area is characterized by a

group of three spines, two very short and one long and

curved, and by a double row of thirty to thirty-five small

round spinnerets. On the dorsal surface there is a sub-

marginal row of eleven to twelve small cone-shaped glands.

The ventral surface bears many small glands and large

round spinnerets in the anal region ; on the dorsum there are

some minute hairs.

Hab. Sao Paulo; on the upper and under sides of leaves

and twigs of Micus sp., Psidium sp., Mangifera sp. (mango),

and Jxora coccinea. Many individuals will cluster on the

leaves and twigs, causing considerable damage, especially

to shade-trees in some parts of the city.

Pulvinaria eugenie, Hempel.

Adult female before gestation oval or elliptical in outline ;

dorsum shiny, slightly roughened by gland-pits, not very

convex; light brown in colour, with a yellow longitudinal

median stripe. The segments of the body are indicated by

shallow transverse furrows and fine lines of dark brown.

Some individuals show two dark brown eye-spots in the

cephalic region. Beneath light yellow. Size 3-4°5 millim.

long, 2-3 millim. wide, and 1 millim. high. After gestation

the insect becomes yellow and shrivels. Ovisac white, closely

felted, straight or slightly curved, a little wider at the distal

end than at the end where the insect is ; transversely striated,

with two longitudinal ridges, dividing it into three subequal

areas, the middle one being slightly elevated. Length 5:25-

7°50 millim. ; width 2~—2°25 millim. ; height 1 millim. Before

gestation the insects usually infest the branches and twigs ;

but the ovisacs are almost invariably placed on the under-

sides of the leaves. One individual secreted an ovisac

7:25 millim. in length in nineteen days. Boiled in a solution

of KOH it colours the liquid light yellow. The derm be-

comes soft and transparent.

Antenne variable, usually of eight joints, all bearing

hairs. Sometimes but seven joints are present. Length

*821-°395 millim. Length of joints: (1) 44-53, (2) 44-57,

(3) 66-70, (4) 40-57, (5) 35-48, (6) 24-31, (7) 24-31,

(8) 44-48. Approximate formula 3 (2 1 4 8 5) (6 7).

Legs ordinary; trochanter with a long hair. Length of

joints of first pair of legs: coxa 110, trochanter and femur

102 Mr. A. Hempel on Brazilian Coccide.

209, tibia 156, tarsus 79, claw 26, digitules of claw 48.

Tarsal digitules long, with slightly expanded ends; digitules

of claw large, ends round and expanded. Rostrum situated

between the first pair of legs; rostral loop extending to the

second pair of legs. Anal plates small, the antero-lateral side

shorter than the postero-lateral. Anal ring with six hairs.

Around the lateral margin of the body there is a row of long

hairs, flattened and fringed at the ends, set rather wide apart,

and within this another row of shorter jointed hairs. Hach

stigmatal area is characterized by two very short spines and

one very long one, curved, and by a double row of thirty to

fifty round spinnerets extending to the spiracle. The ventral

surface bears a group of about one hundred round spinnerets

around the genital opening, as well as many small glands.

It also bears a double row of six long hairs in front of the

genital opening and four long and several shorter hairs

between the antenne and rostrum.

Larva (just hatched).—Small, elliptical, light yellow ;

margin slightly serrated, and bearing a few very short hairs.

Abdomen ends in two plates, each with a long terminal seta.

Stigmatal areas characterized by one stout spine. Antenne

apparently of six joints, of which 3 and 6 are about equal.

Legs short; tarsal digitules long and slender. Digitules of

claw shorter, of unequal size, ends expanded; claw long,

slender, slightly curved. ostral loop long, extending to the

anal plates. Length °356 millim.; width °244 millim.

Hab. Ypiranga and Sao Paulo. On Eugenia jaboticaba

and other shrubs of the order Myrtacee. ‘The leaves and

twigs infested by this species are usually covered with a

black fungus.

Pulvinaria depressa, Hempel.

Adult female brown, with a light yellow median stripe ;

elliptical, flat, surface wrinkled by slight ridges radiating

from the central stripe; these ridges are darker than the rest

of the derm. Below whitish. ‘The dorsal surface is usually

covered with particles of wax, thus giving it a white appear-

ance. Length 3°5 millim.; width 2 millim. Ovisac white,

flat, smooth, sides parallel; no ridges or grooves. Length

7 millim.; width 2 millim. Boiled in a solution of KOH

the derm becomes soft and transparent.

Antenne variable, of eight joints, all bearing hairs.

Length :346-"391 millim. Length of joints: (1) 35-44,

(2) 44-53, (3) 70-79, (4) 44-58, (9) 48, (6) 31-85, (7) 26,

(8) 48-53. Legs ordinary; length of joints of first pair of

Mr. A. Hempel on Brazilian Coccide. 103

legs: coxa 79, trochanter and femur 231, tibia 156, tarsus 89,

claw 24, digitules of claw 48. ‘Tarsal digitules long, with

slightly expanded ends; digitules of claw large, with ends

round and expanded. Rostrum situated between the first

pair of legs ; rostral loop hardly extending to the second pair

of legs. Anal plates small, the antero-lateral side a little

longer than the postero-lateral. Anal ring with eight hairs.

Around the lateral margin of the body there is a simple row

of long pointed hairs, rather closely set. Hach stigmatal area

is characterized by two large flat spines and one longer one,

and by a double row of about thirty spinnerets extending to

the spiracle. The derm on the abdomen bears some tubular

glands.

Hab. Ypiranga. On the underside of the leaves of Mi-

conta sp. Not common.

Pulvinaria grandis, Hempel.

Adult female oval to elongate in outline; dorsum convex,

highest behind the middle; orange-yellow in colour. Anal

plates very small, dark brown. ‘Two small black eye-spots

are situated on the lateral anterior margin. Length 6 millim. ;

width 4°5 millim.; height 2°5 millim. Ovisae dirty white,

long, convex, usually curved, loosely woven, with one promi-

nent white zigzag median ridge. Loose cotton fibres, resem-

bling spider-webs, extend the whole length of the dorsum.

Length 19°5 millim.; width 3°75 millim.; height 2°50 millim.

One individual constructed 3°5 millim. of ovisac in one day.

The cotton is loose and adheres to anything it touches.

Boiled in a solution of KOH it colours the liquid light

yellow. The derm becomes soft and transparent.

Antenne variable, of eight joints, all of which bear hairs.

Length 531-564 millim. Length of joints: (1) 70-75,

(2) 79-83, (3) 114-120, (4) 79-98, (5) 66, (6) 40-44,

(7) 35, (8) 48. Approximate formula: 3 4 2 15 8 6 7.

Legs long ; tarsus shghtly curved. Length of joints of first

pair of legs: coxa 133, trochanter and femur 404, tibia 276,

tarsus 123, claw 40, digitules of claw 75. Tarsal digitules

not very long, slender, with ends but little expanded.

Digitules of claw of unequal length, narrow, with ends round

and expanded. Rostrum situated between the first pair of

legs; rostral loop short, extending a little more than halfway

to the second pair of legs. Anal plates small, triangular, the

antero-lateral side longer than the postero-lateral. Anal ring

with ten hairs. The lateral margin of the body bears a

double row of very short sharp hairs. Each stigmatal area

104 Mr. A. Hempel on Brazilian Coccide.

is indented on the margin and bears two to four very small

spines and one larger one, and has a double row of forty-five

to sixty small round spinnerets extending to the spiracle.

The ventral surface bears a double row of long hairs between

the last pair of legs and the genital opening and four long

hairs between the antenne. ‘The abdomen bears many small

tubular glands, and numerous large round spinnerets are

grouped about the genital opening.

Larva (just hatehed).—EHlliptical, light yellowish brown.

Antenne of-six joints, joints 3 and 6 longest and about equal

in length. Legs slender, all the digitules fine, with slightly

knobbed ends. Margin of the body finely serrated, with a

few minute hairs. ach stigmatal area bears one short,

blunt, curved spine. Hach anal plate bears a long terminal

seta. Rostral loop extending to the anal cleft. Hyes small,

conical, dark brown. Length 453 millim.; width :276 millim.

Hab. Ypiranga. On twigs and leaves of L//yriea sp. and

other plants of the order Myrtacezes. Rare.

Genus LICHTENSIA, Sign.

Lichtensia argentata, Hempel.

Ovisac, covering the adult female, curved, 8°5 millim. long,

4:25 millim. wide, and 1°50 millim. high. The inside is a

white, loose, cottony structure that adheres to objects that it

touches ; over this is a thin covering of cream-coloured closely

felted material, which in turn is covered by a very thin layer

of glassy secretion, giving the sac a shiny silver-grey appear-

ance. Adult female elliptical, orange, posterior end of body

light yellow and wider than the anterior end. Length, after

boiling in a solution of KOH, 6 millim.; width 3°d millim.

The derm becomes soft and transparent.

Antenne variable, of eight joints, all but joints 3 and 4

bearing hairs. Length °519-"556 millim. Length of joints:

(1) 48-57, (2) 66, (3) 141-146, (4) 75-84, (5) 53-64, (6) 48,

(7) 85-40, (8) 53. Approximate formula: 3 4 2(518)67.

Legs long. Length of joints of first pair of legs: coxa 156,

trochanter and femur 364, tibia 244, tarsus 110, claw 31,

digitules of claw 53. ‘Tarsal digitules very long, with ex-

panded ends. Digitules of claw short, trumpet-shaped, with

the ends obliquely truncated and widely expanded. Rostrum

situated between the first pair of legs; rostral loop short, not

extending halfway to the insertion of the second pair of legs.

Anal cleft short, scarcely *75 millim. long. Anal plates

triangular, each with six short hairs, the antero-lateral side

shorter than the postero-lateral. Anal ring with ten hairs.

Mr. A. Hempel on Brazilian Coccide. 105

Around the lateral margin of the body there are two rows of

spines: one consists of large stout blunt spines, about

‘044 millim. long, placed regularly at intervals exceeding the

length of the spines; the other consists of smaller, thinner,

spine-like hairs, placed irregularly. Hach stigmatal area is

characterized by three or four longer spines with curved ends

and twenty to thirty small round spinnerets. On the dorsal

surface near the posterior margin there are five small pyriform

glands, two on one side and three on the other; near the

anterior margin there are also five of these glands. The

dorsal derm also bears numerous fine filamentous glands.

The abdomen bears many round spinnerets grouped about the

genital opening and a double median row of long hairs.

Hab. Ypiranga. On the upperside of leaves of a tree of

the order Ilicineze.

Lichtensia? attenuata, Hempel.

Adult female scale waxy, white, elliptical, smooth; dorsum

slightly convex, ends rounded, the caudal end with a short

incision. ‘The scale is apparently composed of four plates—

one dorsal, one lateral on each side, and one terminal anterior.

The dorsal and lateral plates are narrow and elongate; the

anterior plate is small and more or less triangular in shape.

The wax is thin, hard, and tough. The insect is crowded in

the anterior end of the scale, the remaining space being occu-

pied by the eggs. Length 6 millim.; width 3 millim. ;

height 1°50 millim. Adult female, boiled in a solution of

KOH the derm becomes soft and transparent, except a narrow

marginal strip, which is chitinized. The body is oval; poste-

rior end attenuate, the anal cleft is very wide, the body thus

ending in two conspicuous points. Length 4 millim.; width

2°25 millim.

Antenne variable, of eight joints, all but joint 3 bearing

hairs. Length -385-"423 millim. Length of joints: (1) 40-

44, (2) 53-57, (38) 84-89, (4) 62-75, (5) 53, (6) 31-35,

(7) 22-26, (8) 40-44. Approximate formula : 34 (25) (18) 67.

Legs ordinary ; trochanter and coxa each with a long hair.

Length of joints of first pair of legs: coxa 89, trochanter and

femur 182, tibia 11@, tarsus 102, claw 22, digitules of claw 35.

Tarsal digitules very long, with slightly expanded ends ;

digitules of claw unequal in size, ends round and expanded.

Rostrum situated between the first pair of legs; rostral loop

extending to the second pair of legs. Anal plates small, the

antero-lateral side shorter than the postero-lateral. Anal ring

with ten hairs. ‘The lateral margin of the body bears a row

106 Mr. A. Hempel on Braziliar Coccide.

of numerous short thick spines and a few short hairs. Each

stigmatal area is characterized by three or four flattened spines

and twenty to twenty-five small round spinnerets. The

dorsal surface bears a submarginal row of about twenty-six

of the peculiar pyriform glands, as in the preceding species.

The abdomen bears a group of round spinnerets about the

genital opening, while the derm of both surfaces bears nume-

rous large tubular glands.

Hab. Ypiranga. On the stems of Baccharis genistelloides,

var. trzmera, Baker. Many individuals are infested with a

a small hymenopterous parasite. Not common.

This species is placed in this genus provisionally ; perhaps

it would more properly belong to Ceroplustodes, Ckll.

Subfamily Draspryz.

Genus ASPIDIOTUS, Bouché.

Aspidiotus (Odonaspis) janeirensis, ILempel.

Adult female scale elongate, white, the posterior end

rounded. Pellicles light yellow, placed on the extreme ante-

rior end. Ventral scale thick, with the dorsal scale forming

a complete sac which encloses the insect. Length 3°50 millim.;

width 1:25 millim.

Adult female oval, pink, 1-770 millim. long and 1:230 millim.

wide. The pygidium is thick, light brown, and chitinized,

and is differentiated into five plates, the median longest,

narrowest, and three-lobed, the others irregularly notched

and toothed. The lateral margin of the two segments, just

preceding the pygidium, is also chitinized and plate-like. On

both the dorsal and ventral surfaces, between the ablominal

segments, are what appear to be narrow chitinous bands, but

in reality are narrow rows of small glands or spinnerets.

There are three groups of circumgenital glands present,

forming nearly a continuous arched row. The anterior group

consists of about twenty-seven glands and the lateral groups

of about one hundred and six glands each. Around each

anterior spiracle there is a group of about forty-five spinnerets,

and around each posterior spiracle a group of about thirty-six

spinnerets. The derm is thin and transversely striated. The

antenne are present as minute tubercles with one hair. The

margin of the pygidium and the other abdominal segments

bear many small glands. Rostrum very large. Anal orifice

situated just behind the anterior group of spinnerets.

Hab. On the Ilha das Flores, in the Bay of Rio de Janeiro.

Collected about the joints of grass and covered by the leaf-

sheath.

Mr. A. Hempel on Brazilian Coccide. 107

Aspidiotus (Chrysomphalus) paulistus, Hempel.

Female scale circular, flat, brownish black, covered with a

grey or light brown secretion. ellicles blackish, placed

centrally or slightly to one side, and covered with a small

nipple-like mass of secretion. Diameter about 2°50 millim.

Male scale of same colour and shape as that of the female.

Diameter 1°50 millim.

Adult female ovate. Pygidium with three pairs of lobes,

slightly wider than long, subequal in size, the median pair

being a trifle wider than the others, with the edges slightly

indented. ‘There are four very long and conspicuous thick-

enings of the body-wall at the base of the lobes and several

shorter ones. The lateral edges of the pygidium are thick

and chitinous laterad of the last pair of lobes and present four

or five sharp-pointed lobes with serrated edges. Between

the median lobes and the median and second pair of lobes

there are two deeply incised plates; between the second

and third pair of lobes and laterad of the third pair of lobes

there are two deeply incised plates and onesimpleone. Four

groups of circumgenital glands are present, the anterior laterals

varying from six to ten, the posterior laterals from three to

seven. ‘The anal orifice is close to the posterior lateral groups.

Numerous very long slender tubular glands are borne by the

pygidium, and a few are also borne by the other abdominal

segments. The antenne are present as short tubercles with

one stout curved hair. The posterior edge of the cephalo-

thorax is on each side modified into a short hump or tubercle,

but does not bear a horn or spine. The derm is transversely

striated and bears a few hairs. Length 1:90 millim.; width

1°50 millim.

Adult male light yellow, with a narrow dark band across

the thorax. Thorax long; segments of the abdomen

shrivelled. Antenne of ten joints; joints 1 and 2 short; all

joints bear many hairs; joint 10 apparently with one or two

knobbed hairs. Legs long, hairy; claw very long and thin,

with digitules extending beyond the tip. ‘Tarsal digitules not

extending to the tip of claw. Wings ordinary; halteres

present. Genital spike long, thin, sharp, ‘400 millim. long.

Total length, including genital spike, :950 millim.; width

*350 millim.

Larva (just hatched).— Small, orange, elliptical, flat, about

°275 millim. long and ‘150 millim. wide.

Hab. Ypiranga and Sao Paulo. On the leaves of Laurus

sp. and other cultivated and uncultivated bushes.

108 Mr. A. Hempel on Brazilian Coccide.

Genus PsEUDISCHNASPIS, Hempel.

The adult female scale brown, flat, long and narrow, with

a superficial resemblance to Jschnaspis. Pellicles orange,

not overlapping, placed at the extreme anterior end of the

scale. Male scale similar in shape and structure to that

of the female, but much shorter. ‘The pygidium of the adult

female has three well-defined lobes and body-thickenings,

as in Chrysomphalus. Four groups of circumgenital glands

are present. No reticulated area on the dorsum of the

pygidium.

Type Pseudischnaspis linearis, Hempel.

Pseudischnaspis linearis, Hempel.

Female scale elongate, narrow, flat; sides parallel; the

posterior end sometimes obliquely truncated; dark brown in

colour. The pellicles are orange in colour and are placed at

the anterior end. The first pellicle is darker than the second,

with a small central ring on the dorsum. Length 2-3 millim.;

width °75 millim.

Male scale lighter in colour, but of the same texture and

shape as the female scale. Length 1°25 millim.; width

30 millim.

Adult female elongate, flat, white; pygidium with three

pair of well-developed lobes, the median pair narrowest, the

third pair the widest. The posterior edge of the median pair

is entire or slightly notched, but the edge of the second and

third pair is serrated. There are six pair of elongate thick-

enings of the body-wall at the base of the lobes, arranged in

the following manner :—the median pair short, the next long,

the next short, the next longer, the next long, and the last

short. Between the median lobes there is a deeply incised

bifid plate ; between the median and second pair of lobes there

is a deeply incised plate ; between the second and third pair

of lobes there are two plates and one hair, and laterad of the

third pair of lobes there are two or three plates and one hair.

The lateral margin is chitinized and notched and serrated

laterad of the third pair of lobes. Four pair of circumgenital

glands are present. ‘The anterior laterals vary from six to

eight, the posterior laterals from four to seven. The anal

orifice is situated on a plane between the posterior groups of

glands. The pygidium bears numerous long, fine, tubular

glands. Some of these glands are also found on the other

abdominal segments. ‘lhe antennz are present as small

tubercles with a long curved hair. ‘The derm is transversely

striated, and bears a few hairs.

Mr. A. Hempel on Brazilian Coccide. 109

Larva (just hatched).—Flat, ovate, light yellow, :262

millim. long and °178 millim. wide. Antenne long, slender,

wrinkled as in Asprdiotus. Legs short. The sides of the

abdomen are notched; the derm is transversely wrinkled.

The median pair of abdominal lobes are wide, large, and

serrated. The abdominal sete are short.

Hab. Ypiranga, State of 8. Paulo. On the upperside of

leaves of Myrcia sp. Usually placed along the midrib of the

leaf.

Genus D1aspris, Costa.

Diaspis australis, Hempel.

Scale of adult female white, opaque, oblong to subcircular

in outline, very convex, about 2°75 millim. long. Pellicles

light brown, usually exposed, placed near the margin.

Male scale white, narrow, unicarinate, forming a complete

sac, inflated anteriorly and depressed posteriorly. Pellicle

light brown. Length 1°50 millim. .

Adult female yellowish, the posterior end of the abdomen

light brown; oval, widest anteriorly, the three segments

before the pygidium produced laterally. Pygidium with

three pair of lobes; the median pair wide apart, large, the

inner margins diverging, and entire or slightly crenulated,

the outer margins partly united with the body-wall. The

second pair short and usually bilobed, but sometimes tri-

lobed. ‘The third pair bilobed. ‘There are also two pair of

short tooth-like projections laterad of the third pair of lobes.

There is one large plate with incised end on each side,

between the first and second lobes, one between the second

and third lobes, and two or three laterad of the third lobes;

aside from these there are also about twenty simple cone-like

plates on each side. The segment next to the pygidium

bears about twenty-two of these plates on each side, and the

next segment bears about ten. Between the median lobes

there are two sharp hairs. The pygidium and the other

abdominal segments bear numerous large and small tubular

glands. The circumgenital glands are present in five groups,

the anterior median varying from fifteen to twenty-eight, the

anterior laterals from seventeen to forty-five, and the poste-

rior laterals from seventeen to thirty-two. About each

spiracle there are twenty to twenty-five round spinnerets.

The derm is transversely striated and bears a few short hairs.

The antenne are present as small tubercles with one hair.

Hab. Ypiranga, State of S. Paulo. On the twigs of a

bush of the order Myrtacez.

Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser 7. Vol. viii. 9

1L0 Mr. A. Hempel on Brazilan Coccide.

Genus Drasprpist1s, Hempel.

Female scale subcircular; pellicles central, superimposed

as in Aspidiotus. Circumgenital glands in four groups.

Pygidium of adult female with a continuous marginal series

of lobes.

Male scale white, forming a complete sac, convex, not

carinate, but the surface roughened by small nodules of secre-

tion. Pellicle placed more or less centrally.

Type Diaspidistis multilobis, Hempel.

Diaspidistis multilobis, Hempel.

Scale of adult female subcircular, somewhat convex, light

brown in colour; the ventral scale a very thin film.

Diameter about 2°30 millim. Pellicles chrome-yellow, central,

superimposed, usually exposed.

Male scale white, more or less elongate; not carinate, but

the surface roughened by nodules of secretion. Pellicle light

yellow, with a longitudinal dorsal ridge; more or less cen-

trally placed. Length of scale 1°50 millim.

Adult female cordate to subcircular in outline, the anterior

margin being always notched in the middle. Pygidium with

about thirty-six lobes or lobe-like processes ; the median pair

of lobes is the largest and has the margin notched. The other

lobes have the margin either entire or slightly serrated. All

lobes have faint longitudinal striations. Three pair of simple

sharp plates and three pair of gland-papillee or projections are

also present. ‘The three segments preceding the pygidium

have the lateral margins produced. ‘The pygidium and other

segments bear numerous tubular glands. Four groups of

circumgenital glands are present. The anterior laterals vary

from fifteen to twenty-eight, the posterior laterals from

eighteen to twenty-seven. ‘The anal orifice is on a level with

the posterior groups of glands. The derm is conspicuously

transversely striated. The antenne are present as small

tubercles with three hairs. There are ten or twelve round

spinnerets about the orifice of the first pair of spiracles.

Diameter *90-1:10 millim.

Adult male smell, light yellow, the thoracic band of the

same colour. Antenne ‘870 millim. long, of ten joints, all

of which bear many hairs; the last joint apparently with

one knobbed hair. Body elongate; genital spike long and

thin. Legs not very long; all the joints bear many hairs,

but more especially the tarsus, which is thickly set with long

hairs. Claw fine and slender; both digitules of claw and the

tarsal digitules but slightly longer than claw. Wings rather

Butterflies from the Kikuyu Country and Mombasa. 111

long. Halteres present. Length of body, incluling genital

spike, *890 millim.; length of genital spike ‘265 millim.

flab. Ypiranga, State of S. Paulo. Ona bush of the order

Myrtacex. The females are found on the upperside of the

leaves, but the male scales are usually clustered along the

midrib on the underside of the leaves.

XVI.—On a small Collection of Butterflies from the Kikuyu

Country and Mombasa made by the Rev. K. St. Aubyn

Rogers. By AxTuur G. Butter, Ph.D.

Ir will be remembered that in the ‘ Annals’ for January last I

published an account of a collection of butterflies made by

Mr. Rogers between Mombasa and the Forests of Taveta, and

that therein I called attention to certain species which were

either new to the Museum collection or of which we required

additional examples.

Mr. Rogers has now sent some of the specimens asked for,

together with a series of buttertlies collected by him last year

in the Kikuyu country, which is especially interesting as

supplementing my paper upon Mr. Crawshay’s collections

recently published in the ‘ Proceedings of the Zoological

Society.’

The present consignment from Mr. Rogers consists of

fifty-six species, some of which are of considerable rarity in

collections ; the following are of especial importance to us :—

Both sexes of Precis Westermanni (in two pairs) ; Axiocerses

punicea, new to the Museum; the female of Verachola duriaves,

which was also new to the general collection—of this species

Mr. Rogers observes that he has only once come across it, ‘at

a place about 14 miles up the creek, where it was quit:

common,” so that he did not trouble much about it; Urano-

thauma cordatus and Falkenstecnt; Cyclyreus Sharpie ; Mylo-

thris rubricosta and the female of MM. Jacksoni, which was

new tous; a pair of Terias regularis (no. 250), which we

have not received commonly from Hastern Africa; Terazolus

Rothschildi in both sexes; a male of 7’, castalis; a beautiful

and very lightly magenta-spotted male of 7. elgonensis (214),

of which we previously only possessed the worn male collected

by Mr. Crawshay ; Belenots margaritacea, of which we pre-

viously only had one example; females of Papilio Mac-

kinnont and Jacksoni; an example of what I believe to be

Sarangesa ophthalmica, and which is new to the Museum.

No new species were obtained, but a list of the ee with

112 Butterflies from the Kikuyu Country ant Mombasa.

their dates of capture would, I think, be useful, as adding to

our knowledge of the geographical distribution of African

butterflies, and therefore I apperd it.

List of Species.

Amauris albimaculata, Butl. Kikuyu, 17th and 20th December.

Nevcenyra Gregorii, Butl, Kikuyu, 10th October.

Precis cebrene, Trim. Kikuyu, Ist December.

Westermannt, Westw. Kikuyu, 10th, 1ith, and 12th December.

Hypanartia hippomenes, Hiibn. Kikuyu, 12th December.

Pyrameis abyssinica, Feld. Kikuyu, 12th and 17th December.

Neptidopsis fulgurata, Boisd. Mombasa, 3rd November.

Eurytela dryope, Faby. Kikuyu, 19th December.

Acrea perrupta, Butl. Mombasa, 19th November.

Doubledayt, Guér. Nyale, 14th September.

neobule, Doubl. Kikuyu, 22nd December.

Aviocerses punicea, Gr.-Sm. Nyale, 14th September.

Virachola dariaves 9, Hewits. Mombasa, 4th October.

Epamera pallene, Wallgr. Mombasa, 16th November.

Lycenesthes lemnos, Hewits. Kikuyu, 12th and 14th December.

Uranothauma cordatus, Sharpe. Kikuyu, 20th December.

Falkensteini, Dewitz. Kikuyu, 15th December.

Cacyreus lingeus, Cram, Kikuyu, 24th December.

Cyclyreus Sharpie, Butl. Kikuyu, 20th December.

Zizera lucida, Trim. Mombasa, 20th November.

Mylothris Riippellii, Koch. Kikuyu, 10th, 11th, 18th, 19th December.

rubricosta, Mab. Kikuyu, 10th December.

Jacksont 9, Sharpe. Kikuyu, 13th December.

Colias electo, var. edusa, Fabr. Mombasa, 25th October; Kikuyu, 10th

and 20th December.

Terias regularis § 2, Butl. Mombasa, 24th October and 19th November.

hapale, Mab. Kikuyu, 10th December.

senegalensis, Boisd. Mombasa, 17th November.

Teracolus Rothsehildi, Sharpe. Mombasa, 20th October and 17th No-

vember.

castalis, Staud. Mombasa, 26th October.

eris, Klug. Kikuyu, 20th December.

elgonensis, Sharpe. Kikuyu, 11th December.

imperator, Butl. Mombasa, 18th, 19th, 28rd, and 25th October,

Ist, 15th, 19th, and 22nd November ; Kikuyu, 11th December.

antevippe, Boisd. Mombasa, 15th and 17th November.

gavisa, Wallgr. Mombasa, 7th and 22nd November; Kikuyu, 11th,

15th, and 19th December. ;

_ Glutophrissa contracta, Butl. Kikuyu, 15th December.

Belenois zochalia, Boisd. Kikuyu, 10th, 17th, 20th, and 22nd December.

mesentina, Cram. Mombasa, 22nd November.

margaritacea, Sharpe. Kikuyu, 12th December.

Synchloe Johnstont, Crowley. Kikuyu, 14th December.

Leuceronia Buquetii, Boisd. Mombasa, 17th November,

Papilio Mackinnoni, Sharpe. Wikuyu, 12th December.

nireus, Linn. Kikuyu, 12th and 22nd December,

— lyeus, Doubl. Kikuyu, 12th December.

—— phorcas, Cram. Kikuyu, 12th and 14th December.

— cenea, Stoll. Kikuyu (escarpment), 13th December,

—— Jacksoni, Sharpe. Kikuyu, 12th December.

On a new Bat from Borneo. 113

Sarangesa ophthalmica?, Mab, Nyale, 14th September.

Eretis lugens, Rogenh, (Wikuyu, 10th and 19th December.

Pyrgus sataspes, Trim. Mombasa, 20th November.

machakosa, But]. Mombasa, 19th November.

spro, Linn. Kikuyu, 10th and 20th December.

Gomalia es Trim. Mombasa, k0th November; Kikuyu, 22nd De-

cember.

Cyclopides midas,, Butl, Kikuyu, 11th December:

quadresignatus, Butl. Kikuyu, 10th, 11th, and 18th December.

Padraona zeno, Trim. Kikuyu, 10th and 12th December,

Gegenes Letterstedti, Wallgr. Kikuyu, 19th December.

XVII.—On a new Bat from Borneo..

By R. SHetrorp, M.A., Curator of the Sarawak Museum.

Mipposiderus Coxi, sp. n.

Size small. Nose-leaf large and complicated in form ;

front surface of the posterior leaf divided into four cells by

three vertical septa, of which the central is narrow and the

cells on each side of tt of considerable size, whilst the two

lateral septa are very broad and the two outer cells much

reduced in size; upper margin of posterior nose-leaf folded

back on itself; sella broad, divided into a central thickened

portion with a median longitudinal ridge and two lateral

triangular lappets; anterior nose-leaf or horseshoe very large,

completely hiding the muzzle when viewed from above, its

anterior border projecting beyond the upper lip. 'wosecondary

cutaneous leaflets, the upper continuous round the end of the

muzzle, the lower consisting of two short and separate parts.

No frontal gland in the female. Lars large, reaching slightly

beyond the tip of the muzzle when laid forwards, their tips

subacute; anterior margins slightly concave, posterior margins

concave below the tips, then convex. Wings from the meta-

tarsi. Tip of the tail projecting slightly beyond the inter-

femoral membrane. Colour (in spirit) dark uniform brown.

Dentition.—Minute first upper premolar present, in the

outer angle formed by the approximated upper canine and

second upper premolar.

Dimensions of the type (an adult female in spirit) in

millimetres :—

Forearm 53.

Head and body 51:5; tail 26; head 21°5; nose-leaf 13 x 10;

ear 16°5; calcar 11.

Hab. Mount Penrisen, Sarawak, Borneo, 4200 feet.

Type in British Museum. Registered number 1. 6. 23. 1.

114 Mr. G. A. Boulenger on a new

One example only was captured as it emerged with some

specimens of Rhénolophus luctus (Temm.) from the mouth of a

eave.

I have mueh pleasure in naming this species, which by

its very large and complicated nose-leaf differs from all

other forms known to me, after Mr. E. A. W. Cox, of the

Sarawak Service, to whom I am indebted for the unique

specimen,

XVIII.— Description of a new Fish of the Family Cichlide

from the French Congo. By G. A. BOULENGER, F’.R.S.

Pelmatochromis Batesit.

Teeth in 3 to 5 series in each jaw, outer largest. Depth of

body 24 to 22 times in total length, length of head 3 times.

Snout broad, rounded, with straight profile, longer than the

diameter of the eye, which is contained 4 times in length of

head and 1 to J4 in interorbital width ; maxillary not reaching

quite to below anterior border of eye; 4 series of scales on

the cheek ; large scales on the opercle. Gill-rakers short, 10

or 11 on lower part of anterior arch. Dorsal XV 10-11;

spines increasing in length to the last, which measures 2, or

a little less than 2, the length of the head; middle soft rays

much produced, nearly as long as the head. Pectoral about

2 length of head. Ventral produced in a filament, reaching

origin of anal or beyond. Anal III 8; third spine as long as

but stronger than last dorsal. Caudal rounded. Caudal

peduncle deeper than long. Scales smooth, with fine con-

eentric striation, 27-28 oe Naitoal a Dark olive-brown

above, yellowish beneath, with very indistinct traces of darker

cross-bars ; a black or steel-blue opercular spot ; fins greyish,

soft dorsal, anal, and caudal with small blackish spots; outer

rays of ventrals blackish.

Total length 120 millim.

Three specimens from the Benito River, collected for the

British Museum by Mr. G. L. Bates.

‘This new species is most nearly related to P. ocellifer,

Blgr., fiom the Congo, and P. Ansergii, Blgr., from the Niger

Delta. It differs in the longer snout and in the length of the

dorsal spines, the middle spines not measuring more than 4

the length of the head.

Fish from the French Congo. 115.

In 1898 I gave a synopsis * of the sevem species of this

genus then known to me. As the number has now risen to

thirteen it is advisable to publish a new key to their identifi-

cation :—

I. 6 or 7 series of teeth in the jaws; D. XIV 11-12;

pectoral ae as long as head; caudal emar-

PB

ginate; sq. 2 = = Sof oon0s060.00 Mme wees 1, P. Buettikoferi,,

Stdr.

II. 2 to 5 series of teeth in the jaws. a

A. Lower lateral line at least nearly as long ay

upper; pectoral at least as long as head ;

caudal truncate or cmarginate

—B6

D. XIMI-XIV 16-17; sq. 88-40 —3_; lat.1. =, 2. P. Jentinks,

re a [Stdr.

6—

D. XV-XVI 14-15; sq. 55-58 3 = ; lat. 1. a = .. 8. P. polylepis,

[ Bler.

7 5

D. XIV-XVI 12-14; sq. 31-86 2; lat. 1. 24-27 | 4. P. lateralis,

S10 re [Bler.

B. Lower lateral line short, confined to the caudal

region.

1D XIE 11; pectoral as long as head ; St

28-30 Pr 1s Poteet ena TRADE oct, 5. P.congicus, Bley.

2. D. XIV-XVI 8-11; pectoral 2 to 2 length

of head.

a, Caudal truncate or rounded-subtruncate ;

snout much longer than diameter of eye ;

maxillary not extending to below ante-

rior border of eye. [Blgr

gr.

Sq. 32° 9 5 © Series of scales on cheek ............ 6. P.. Welwitschir,

Sq- 29-31 2 3 or 4 series of scales on cheek .... 7. P. Guentheri,

6. Caudal rounded or rounded-subacuminate ; [Sauv.

sq. 26-29 7.

a. Snout longer than diameter of_eye,;

maxillary not extending quite to below

anterior border of eye; last dorsal

spine longest; 4 series of scales on

Checkin t Vachs eis MLA Oe any 8. P. Batesit, Blgr.

QB. Snout not longer than eye.

* Dorsal spines subequal from the fifth..

Maxillary extending to below anterior border of eye ;

3 series of scales on cheek; dorsal spines: rather

more than 3 length of cere, Doerr 9. P. ocellifer,

Maxillary not extending to below anterior border [ Blgr.

of eye; 3 or 4 series of scales on cheek; dorsal

spines not quite 3 length of head ............ 10. P. Ansorgia,.

Maxillary extending to below anterior border of eye ; [Blegr.

* Proc. Zool. Soc. 1898, p, 147.

116 Mr. P. Cameron on new Hymenoptera.

2 or 8 series of scales on cheek; dorsal spines

aboutis lenethvotheadigy.. > 0. see cro teria 11. P. subocellatus,

** Last dorsal spine longest; maxillary [Gthr.

not extending to below anterior

border of eye; 2 or 3 series of scales

GONCGNWIL 5 oogouseganods00l dG Fon 12. P. pulcher, Bley.

3. D. XVIIL 7; pectoral 4 length of head;

caudal rounded; 2 series of scales on [Blgr.

BAIS HGoG00 60 0cs0 0R00HEGD OUD UO00CCOC 13. P. teniatus,

XIX.—Deseriptions of Three new Genera and Seven new

Species of Hymenoptera from Eastern Asia and Australia.

By P. CAMERON.

ANTHOPHILA.

CTENOAPIS, gen. nov.

The longer joint of the four posterior calcaria pectinated ;

the spurs bifid ; the teeth unequal in length. Labrum deeply

or moderately deeply incised in the middle at the apex.

Mandibles unidentate. Radial cellule not quite so long as the

two cubital cellules together ; it is indistinctly appendiculated

at the apex, which is moderately acutely pointed. There are

two cubital cellules; the second receives both the recurrent

nervures ; it is narrowed at the top, being there about one

third of its length on the lower side. ‘Trophi long, the

maxillary palpi ?, the labial ?-jointed. Antenne stout; the

basal joints of the flagellum broader than long, the apical

longer than broad. Hyes long, parallel, reaching near to the

base of the mandibles. Ocelli in a curve [.*.].

The body is only moderately pilose. ‘he legs are stout ;

the hinder femora, tibize, and metatarsus are thickened; the

recurrent nervures are received near the transverse cubitals ;

the transverse basal nervure is interstitial. In the female the

hinder tibiee and the metatarsus are thickly covered with long

soft hair; the second and following ventral segments are

fringed with long soft hair. The antenne are placed above

the clypeus and shortly below the middle of the eyes; the

apical joint of the hinder tarsi is long and curved, longer than

the middle three joints united. ‘There is a short distinct

longitudinal keel on either side of the mesonotum ; the tegule

are moderately large; there is no area on the base of the

median segment; the face and clypeus are bare and flat.

The general form of this genus is somewhat like Panurgus,

but it cannot readily be confounded with that genus. The

Mr. P. Cameron on new [Hymenoptera. 117

pectinated spurs and tarsi are pretty similar to those of

Ctenoplectra, but that genus may be known from it by the

labrum not being incised, by the transverse median nervure

being received distinctly behind the transverse basal, and not

interstitial as in the present genus. ‘lhe two species I have

included in Ctenoapis are very dissimilar in appearance. I

have not a spare specimen to run any risk with to dissect for

an examination of the trophi.

Ctenoapis lutea, sp. n.

Lutea, albo pilosa; alis hyalinis, stigmate luteo, nervis fuscis. @.

Long. 5 mm,

Hab. Ferozopore, Punjab (Major C. S. Nurse).

The lower orbits and the clypeus are pale yellow and much

lighter in tint than the rest of the head; the clypeus and

front are sparsely punctured; the apical third of the mandibles

is dark brownish. The scape of the antenne is sparsely

covered with pale hair; the flagellum is almost bare. The

mesonotum and scutellum are almost bare; the pleura,

sternum, and median segment are covered with white pubes-

cence. Mesonotum sparsely punctured. Abdomen smooth

and shining; the segments fringed with white soft hair.

Legs coloured like the body ; the four hinder femora are

lined broadly with black; the teeth on the inner spur of the

calearia are stout. Wings clear hyaline; the stigma and

nervures luteous; the nervures, if anything, darker in tint.

Ctenoapis flavomaculata, sp. n.

Nigra, dense albo pilosa ; sterno, pleuris infra, facie clypeoque flavis ;

abdominis basi late flava kalteata; pedibus flavis, dense albo

pilosis ; femoribus tibiisque posterioribus late nigris. ¢.

Long. 7 mm.

Hab. Ferozopore, Punjab (Major C. 8. Nurse).

Head black; the face, clypeus, labrum, the inner orbits

above narrowly, the lower half of the outer entirely, yellow ;

the lower part of the front at the antenne is thickly covered

with long soft white hair, as is also the hinder region; the

face and clypeus are sparsely covered with long pale hair.

The apex of the mandibles broadly rufous. Abdomen black,

above thickly covered with long soft white hair, as is also,

but not quite so thickly, the sternum ; the apical half of the

median segment is broadly furrowed in the middle. The

four hinder femora are broadly black above, the middle tibize

are black behind; the hinder tibie are black except at the

118 Mr. P. Cameron on new Hymenoptera.

base and apex; the apical four joints of the hinder tarsi are

black. Abdomen black; a broad band near the apex of the

basal segment, the second almost entirely, the third except

for an interrupted black line at the apex and the apical

segment, yellow; the basal ventral segments are for the

greater part yellow.

FOSSORES.

CHRYSOLARRA, gen. nov.

Recurrent nervures appendiculated or touching each other.

Inner eye-margins with folds. Mandibles with an incision

near the base. Pronotum placed below the level of the

dorsulum. Median segment as long as the mesonotum,

rounded behind. Pedicle of antennez pilose. -Base of ante-

rior femora not emarginate near the base. Anterior tarsi

armed with stiff, moderately long spines. Ocellus broad,

triangularly dilated in front. Pygidium covered with stiff

bristles and with longish stiff hairs.

The presence of a fold on the inner eye-orbits separates

this genus from Tachytes and Tachysphex; from Notogonia

it may be known by the pygidium not being covered with a

hoar-frost-like pubescence, but by a stiff pile and with longish

stiff hairs. Characteristic is the fact that the recurrent

nervures are united to each other, and not distinctly separated

as in the other genera. The apical abscissa of the radius is

oblique. In the hind wings the apical nervures are faint

except the lower one. The legs are stout; the femora are

distinctly narrowed towards the apex; the tarsi are longer

and more slender than in Tachytes, the hinder are twice the

length of the tibie; the metatarsus is twice the length of the

second joint; the abdomen is also narrower and longer than

in that genus. The pygidium is sharply margined. In the

three known species the recurrent nervures are received near

the apex of the basal third of the cellule. The eyes are

large, reach near to the base of the mandibles, and converge

towards the top. The hinder tibie are keeled behind. The

pubescence on the four species is golden.

Chrysolarra appendiculata, sp. n.

Nigra, capite mesonotoque dense aureo pilosis; abdomine aureo

balteato ; alis flayo-hyalinis, nervis flavis. 9.

Long. 22 millim.

Hab. Khasia Hills. Coll. Rothney.

Scape of antenne on tlhe underside thickly covered with

Mr. P. Cameron on new Hymenoptera. 119

pale golden pubescence, the flagellum with a microscopic

down. Head thickly covered with golden pubescence; the

cheeks and face bearing also long pale hairs. The large eyes

distinctly converge above. Clypeus closely punctured; the

apex smooth, with a slight incision in the middle. Mandibles

at the base thickly covered with golden pubescence. Palpi

black, thickly covered with pale hair. Pro- and mesothorax

with the scutellums thickly covered with depressed bright

golden pubescence, which hides the texture of the skin; the

median segment above sparsely, on the sides thickly, covered

with fulvous pubescence; the upper part at the base and apex

closely irregularly transversely striated; on the apex near

the top is a pyriform depression. Breast thickly covered

with golden pubescence and with long pale hair; the central

furrow is shallow, the transverse one before the middle cox

is deeper and more distinctly defined; the process between

the four hind legs is clearly defined; furrowed down the

middle except at the base; the apex is rounded at the sides

and incised in the middle. Wings yellowish hyaline, the

“apex slightly infuscated; the nervures are yellow; the first

cubital cellule at the top is one third the length of the

second ; the first transverse cubital nervure is roundly curved ;

the two recurrent nervures are united at the top before

reaching the cubital nervure, being shortly but distinctly

appendiculated. Legs thickly covered with depressed golden

pubescence; the tibial and tarsal spines are rufous; the

ealearia and claws black. Abdomen with the basal four

segments broadly banded on the apex with depressed golden

pubescence; pygidium black; the stiff pile black; on the

sides and apex are a few long black hairs; the base has an

irregular smooth and shining space in the middle.

The basal segments of the abdomen may be entirely

covered with golden pubescence.

Chrysolarra aureosericea, sp. 0.

Long. 18-19 mm.

Hab. Khasia Hills. Coll. Rothney.

Comes near to C. appendiculata, with which it agrees in

the colour of the pubescence and in having the two recurrent

nervures united at the top; may be known from it by the

first transverse cubital nervure having an oblique straight

slope at top and bottom ; the first cubital cellule is longer,

being half the length of the second above; the metasternal

process is distinctly keeled down the middle at the hase, and

120 Mr. P. Cameron on new Hymenoptera.

the furrow is wider and deeper; its apical lobes are more

widely separated and the tarsi are more slenderly built.

Head covered with golden pubescence ; the front and vertex

closely punctured; the furrow above the antenne is wide

and deep; the clypeus is sparsely punctured below the middle.

Mandibles and palpi black, the latter thickly covered with

white hairs. Mesonotum alutaceous, as is also the scutellum ;

the postscutellum is more distinctly punctured. Median

segment irregularly, closely, transversely striated ; the apex

has the apical three fourths furrowed down the middle.

Mesopleuree closely and finely punctured. The metasternal

process is large, keeled in the middle at the base; the rest

furrowed, the furrow deepest at the base and apex ; the latter

is triangular in the middle. Legs black, pruinose, the tibial

and tarsal spines rufous; the calcaria and spurs black.

Wings yellowish, lighter coloured in the middle of the

cellules; the apex darker; the stigma and nervures yellow;

the first cubital cellule at the top is more than half the length

of the second ; the first transverse cubital nervure is obliquely

sloped at top and bottom; the recurrent nervures united

shortly before reaching the cubital nervure. The basal four

segments of the abdomen are thickly covered with golden

pubescence. ‘The stiff pile on the pygidium is rufous at the

edges.

This is a smaller species than C. appendiculata; the

recurrent nervures are not so distinctly appendiculated above ;

the first cubital cellule at the top is longer compared with the

second, being more than half its length, and the first trans-

verse cubital nervure is straighter and more distinctly angled

above.

Chrysolarra japonica, sp. n.

Long. 16 mm.

Hab. Japan (George Lewis).

This is a smaller species than C. appendiculata or C. aureo-

sericea, and differs from them in the recurrent nervures not

being appendiculated, although they touch each other at the

cubital nervure.

The lower part of the front, the cheeks, and oral region

densely covered with bright golden pubescence ; the front

and vertex alutaceous, sparsely covered with bright golden

pubescence ; the ocellus is triangularly produced in front.

Pro- and mesothorax covered with deep rufo-fulvous pubes-

cence, most thickly on the mesonotum ; the pubescence on the

median segment is paler, more fulvous in tint. Median

Mr. P. Cameron on new Hymenoptera. 121

segment alutaceous; the apex obscurely transversely striated,

and with a smooth conical depression in the middle. Legs

thickly covered with golden pubescence, more thickly on the

tibiz and tarsi than on the femora; there are five rows of

stout rufous spines on the four hinder tibie; the tarsal spines

are long, stout, and rufous. Wings yellowish hyaline, the

apex from the base of the radial cellule infuscated ; the first

cubital cellule at the top is not quite half the length of the

second ;° the first transverse cubital nervure is obliquely

curved from shortly above the middleand straight; the lower

part has a more rounded slope; the two recurrent nervures

are received near the apex of the basal third of the cellule.

The three basal segments (and perhaps the others also) are

banded at the apex with depressed pale golden pile. The

pygidium appears stoutly, longitudinally, and closely striated

and bears some longish dark rufous hairs. The tarsi have

a more rufous appearance than the tibie; the golden pile

appears to be thicker on the front legs than on the others.

Chrysolarra pruinosa, sp. n.

Black, thickly covered with a pale golden pile, the py-

gidium densely with stiff golden. bristles; wings hyaline,

slightly infuscated at the apex ; the third cubital cellule above

twice the length of the second ; the recurrent nervures united,

but not appendiculated. ¢.

Long. 16 mm.

flab. Matang, Borneo. Mus. Sarawak.

The lower part of the front, the face, and probably the

clypeus densely covered with a golden pale pile. Front and

vertex alutaceous ; there is a deep furrow below the lower

ocellus ; the eyes at the top are separated by about half the

length of the third antennal joint. Thorax covered with a

golden pile; the scutellum has an indistinct shallow furrow

in the centre ; the median segment at the base has a narrow

furrow down the middle, which ends in a fovea shortly before

the top of the truncation. The latter has an oblique slope

and has a narrow furrow in the centre. ‘There is a narrow

longitudinal furrow near the centre of the mesopleure.

Wings hyaline, with a slight yellowish tinge; the apex

slightly infuscated; the basal nervures are yellowish, the

apical darker in colour; the second cubital nervure is half

the length of the third; the recurrent nervures are united and

are received shortly behind the middle of the cellule, Legs

black, pruinose; the tibial and tarsal spines are black, some

of the latter are rufous at the base, those on the front tarsi

122 Mr. P. Cameron on new Hymenoptera.

are longer than they are on the other legs. Abdomen black ;

the segments banded with pale golden pubescence; the py-

gidium is thickly covered with stiff bright golden pubescence

and more sparsely with long golden hair. The apex of the

hinder tibize and the underside of the metatarsus are thickly

covered with stiff golden pubescence.

Comes nearest to C. japonica, Cam., which agrees with it

in the recurrent nervures not being appendiculated.

Braconidae.

P@CILOBRACON, gen. nov.

Head cubital, largely developed behind the eyes, the temples

being longer than the eyes. Occiput roundly but not deeply

incised and not margined. Eyes oval, widely distant from

the base of the mandibles. The upper half of the face is

widely and deeply furrowed ; the apex of the furrow is wider

and deeper than the base. Abdomen smooth, with only the

suturiform depression ; the penultimate segment shorter than

the preceding ; the hypopygium large, projecting beyond the

upper segment, cultriform. Ovipositor projecting. The,

anterior tarsi are twice the length of their tibia. Second cubital

cellule twice the length of the first; the second abscissa of

the radius twice as long as the first transverse cubitus. The

scape of the antenne is short and projects on the underside at

the apex; the pedicle is short. In the hind wings the costal

and preebrachial and the radial and cubital cellules only are

complete, but the latter two are open at the apex ; at the base

there is a distinct small cell, formed by a stout oblique

nervure, which unites with the costal.

The body is smooth and shining, black, with the abdominal

segments banded with pale yellow; the mandibles are stout,

curved, and unidentate at the apex; the legs are covered with

soft hair, but not so thickly as in Myosoma; the suturiform

articulation bifureates laterally ; the metathoracic spiracles

are oval and distinct; the apices of the tarsal joints are

spinose, their claws are small, the palpi are long and pilose.

Belongs to the Braconini, and, in Ashmead’s arrangement

(Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xxii. 186), would come near to the

American genus Megaproctus.

Pecilobracon flaviceps, sp. n.

Niger, capite flavo, vertice nigro; abdomine flayo lineato; alis

fuscis, stigmate nervisque nigris. Q.

Long. 10, terebra 7 mm.

Hab. Australia.

On Indian and Australian Moths. 123

Smooth, shining, and moderately thickly covered with soft

pale hair. Mandibles pale yellow, black at the apex; the

front and the ocellar region black ; the black mark becoming

gradually narrowed above from below. Palpi long, black at

the base, testaceous at the apex, and covered with soft white

pubescence. Postscutellum broadly depressed laterally at the

base. ‘The sides and ventral surface of the petiole are pallid

yellow ; the basal area on the second segment is large and

becomes gradually roundly narrowed towards the apex; the

bounding furrow is wide and deep, this being also the case

with the oblique lateral; both may be rufous. The suturi-

form articulation is closely striated, the lateral fork is smooth,

deep, and does not reach to the end of the segment; the five

basal segments have their apices lined narrowly with pale

yellow, the yellow extending on to the ventral surface on the

third and fourth segments. There is an oblique narrow

hyaline cloud in the first cubital cellule, which extends as a

small round spot into the discoidal cellule.

The abdomen is shorter than the thorax, broad, the apical

three segments becoming gradually narrowed.

XX.—WNew and little-known Moths from India and Australia.

By Colonel C. Swinnoz, M.A., F.L.S., &e.

Family Eupterotide.

Eupterote dulcinia, nov.

3. Bright chrome-yellow; the antenne, head, thorax,

and outer portions of the wings slightly darker than the

general colour ; a faint indication of a straight discal line on

the hind wings, otherwise absolutely without markings:

underside slightly paler than above, with indications of a

straight discal line across both wings.

@. Dark chrome-yellow, absolutely without markings

above and below.

Expanse of wings, ¢ 3745, 2 34 inches.

Salayar Island, south of Celebes (Zverett).

A long series of both sexes: some of the males are nearly

as pale as EL. calandra, Swinh., from the Khasia Hills, but

the antenne are longer and more deeply pectinated; in three

or four of the females the straight discal line in hind wings

is more or less apparent.

124 Col. C. Swinhoe on

Family Chalcosiide.

Cyclosia phonia, nov.

2. Upperside deep black ; wings with a dull dark green

sheen in certain lights; a broad white band across the disc

of fore wings, composed of nine spots, formed by intersection

of the veins, and two additional spots at the upper and lower

ends of the cell; cilia white at apex of hind wings; shaft of

antenne bright shining blue; frons, base of antenne, top of

head, collar, thorax, and abdomen at sides marked with the

same colour. Underside: abdomen with white segmental

bands; blue sheen on costa of both wings, also on the principal

veins, and blue submarginal spots on hind wings; the band

on fore wings same as on upperside, with three additional

small white subapical dots, a white subcostal spot beyond

middle on fore wings and two in the middle near the outer

margin.

Eixpanse of wings 2,% inches.

Lawas (Everett).

Family Lithosiide.

Chionema saulia, nov.

@. Pure white; antenne ochreous; palpi with first and

‘ second joints crimson, third black ; thorax with a crimson band

in front and in the middle: fore wings with a large black

spot at the end of cell, transverse bands thin, crimson, first

subbasal short, second and third antemedial and discal slightly

curving outwards, fourth close to the apex ; abdomen pinkish

towards the tip: hind wings without markings. Underside

white, uniform, without markings except for its crimson

pectus ; fore and hind legs with the tibie crimson above ;

the tarsi black above with white spots.

Hixpanse of wings 1,5 inch.

Paitan (Hverett).

Family Drepanulide.

Callidrepana xanthoptera.

Drepana xanthoptera, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. i. p. 341 (1892).

Naga Hills, Khasia Hills.

This species belongs to Hampson’s Section II. B. Vein 10

from end of areole, 11 from cell; antenne bipectinated in

both sexes. It was originally described from a male example ;

I have now both sexes.

Indian and Australian Moths. 125

Family Cossida.

Duomitus tectorius, nov.

3. Antenne brown ; head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous

grey, the latter with brownish-grey bands: fore wings white,

minutely striated with brown; a large brown patch at the

base, limited hindwards by the median vein; a smaller brown

nearly square patch on the costa beyond the middle and some

small brown spots on the costa between and beyond: hind

wings white suffused with grey and covered with brown

striations, otherwise unmarked. Underside : body and wings

covered with grey suffusions: fore wings with the costal

outer patch and some brownish elongated patches in the

disc between the veins; hind wings with a long brown mark

at the upper end of cell: tarsi black with ochreous bands.

Expanse of wings 2,2, inches.

Solomon Islands.

Somewhat resembles D. (Cossus) maculatus, Snellen, Tijd.

voor Ent. xxi. p. 125, pl. x. f. 4 (1878). There are two

examples of a closely allied form from Singapore, unnamed,

in the B. M.

Family Macariide.

Luxiaria gammaria, nov.

3. Palpi and frons brown ; head, body, and wings ochreous

grey : fore wings with five brown patches on the costa, a

large black lunule at the end of the cell; both wings covered

with pale red irrorations, which are closely packed together and

form a broad indistinct marginal band which is intersected

by a submarginal lunular whitish band, on the inner side of

this broad band is a dentated line with brown points, an

extra similar line across the middle of hud wings. Underside :

colour paler and brighter, with antemedial and postmedial

bright chocolate-red bands across both wings.

Expanse of wings 1,4, inch.

Lawas (Everett).

The hind wing is rather more acutely angled at the middle

of the outer margin than is usual. ‘There is an example in the

B. M., unnamed, from Pulo Laut.

Family Ennomide.

Hypochrosis hiresia, nov.

6. Frons brown ; top of head greyish white; antenne

blackish brown; body and wings pale greyish ochreous,

Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. viii. 10

126 Col. C. Swinhoe on

transverse bands chocolate-brown, disposed as is usual in the

hyadaria group, the two on the fore wings rather closer

together than usual, more sinuous and irregular and not

straight; the usual ringlet at the end of the cell; the entire

surface of both wings striated with brown, the space between

the bands in the fore wings and the basal space of the hind

wings so minutely as to be hardly visible: underside bright

orange, the hinder marginal space of fore wings pale grey.

Expanse of wings 1} inch.

Flores (Everett).

In one example there are some brown patches in the disc

of fore wings; the colour of this form is paler than in

sulphurescens, Moore, paler than in any form of the genus

yet described.

Family Trifide.

Heliocheilus osmidus, nov.

& ¢. Upperside of palpi, head, thorax, and fore wings

pinkish grey; palpi white beneath; the male has a lesser

tinge of pink than the female and has also a few white scales

on the top of the head, which are wanting in the other sex; a

broad white stripe runs through the cell from near the base

to the outer margin of the fore wings, and there are some

suffused dark grey stripes on some of the principal veins,

most prominent on vein 1 a and on the median vein; cilia with

white tips; abdomen pale ochreous grey, with the basal

segment white: hind wings whitish, with the outer margin

broadly suffused with grey; cilia pure white. Underside:

wings white, the fore wing suffused with dark grey, leaving

the margins and longitudinal streak white; thorax with long

white hairs.

Expanse of wings, g 1, 2 1,4 inch.

Towranna Plains, W. Australia (4. Clement).

Types in Mus. Oxon.

Heliocheilus cladvotus, nov.

3 ?. Palpi above, head, and thorax pale ochreous-fawn

colour, palpi beneath white ; abdomen ochreous grey ; wings

white: fore wings with the veins broadly dark ochreous-

fawn colour, this colour predominating and leaving a white

streak on hinder margin, another from base to outer margin

below the median vein and vein 2, and a third through

the cell and below veins 5 and 6; outer marginal line dark

fawn-colour, in each interspace a large marginal white spot,

inside these spots are dark fawn-coloured spots forming a

Indian and Australian Moths. 127

submarginal dark band: hind wings with the veins thinly

ochreous-fawn colour, and some slight suffusion of this colour

in the outer marginal area. Underside white; fore wings

with a brown mark at end of cell, a brown submarginal band

and white marginal large spots: hind wings unmarked,

Expanse of wings 1,2, inch.

Towranna Plains, W. Australia (2. Clement).

Types in Mus. Oxon.

Canthylidia canusina, nov.

& 2. Upperside of palpi and head ochreous brown, under-

side of palpi white; thorax dark ochreous grey, with white

thin bands; abdomen whitish with grey dorsal bands: fore

wings ochreous white, the female is unmarked except for the

brown stigma at end of cell on the underside showing through

the wing, but the male in addition to this has a large blackish-

brown suffusion occupying nearly a third of the wing, and

extending from the median vein to the hinder margin, but

not touching the base on the outer margin, there are also

some brownish marks near the apex ; cilia white; hind wings

white, unmarked. Underside white; fore wings with a large

square brown mark at the end of the cell, and some brown

internal suffusion, which in the female is less than in the

male.

Expanse of wings ,°5 inch.

Towranna Plains, W. Australia (Z. Clement).

Types in Mus. Oxon.

Canthylidia cistella, nov.

3. Palpi above, head, and collar pale ochreous brown;

thorax ochreous grey, nearly white ; abdomen white; wings

white: fore wings with a subbasal short blackish band,

another before the middle, straight, complete, and nearly

upright, a black orbicular spot close to its inner side, a similar

spot below touching the band, a square black renitorm

followed by a subdentate black thin band which curves

outwardly round the reniform, then down to the hinder

margin at two thirds from the base ; black marginal points,

inside of which are white spots and a grey sutfused band,

‘ leaving a narrow white space on the outer side of the curved

band: hind wings with a grey marginal band, spotted with

white; cilia of both wings white. Underside white, with the

black spots and marginal bands as above.

Eixpanse of wings 4, inch.

Towranna Plains, W. Australia (7. Clement).

Type in Mus. Oxon,

10*

128 Col. C. Swinhoe on

Adisura ionola, nov.

3 2. Upperside of palpi, head, and thorax pale ochreous

brown, palpi white beneath ; fore wings dark pink, with a

pale yellowish stripe running through the cell from the base

to the outer margin, a double-lined stigma at the end of cell

within the stripe; abdomen ochreous grey, a broad dull red

band near the base followed by three or four indistinct broken

bands: hind wings whitish, with broad greyish suffusions.

Underside ochreous white, a large square brown stigma at

the end of cell of fore wings and (in the male only) some

brown suffusions on the borders ; thorax and legs dull ochreous

grey ; abdomen white, with broad dark grey bands.

Iixpanse of wings 1 inch.

Towranna Plains, W. Australia (#. Clement).

Types in Mus. Oxon.

Heliothis neuroides, nov.

3 2. Palpi ochreous grey, speckled with brown; head

and thorax red-brown, striped with brown and grey: fore

wings brown; veins blackish, lined with grey ; cilia with grey

spots, some pinkish streaks in the discoidal, discal, and

hinder marginal interspaces, from base to outer margin,

interrupted in the cell by the orbicular and reniform, which

are grey, the former oval, the latter like a crooked figure of 8:

hind wings whitish with grey borders. Underside whitish :

fore wings suffused with grey, some grey suffusion on central

and outer areas of hind wing; legs grey, tarsi with white

spots.

Expanse of wings 1,4, inch.

Towranna Plains, W. Australia (#. Clement).

Types in Mus. Oxon.

Euplexia orophora, nov.

&. Pale ochreous olive-grey ; palpi brown above: fore

wings with many black and white spots and markings,

forming several incomplete transverse lines, the two most

distinct being subbasal and discal, both composed of black

lunules edged outwardly with white; a submarginal very

uregular band of black and white marks, mostly white

towards apex, also some black and white points on the .

margin: hind wings suffused with brown, paling towards

the base. Underside ochreous grey, nearly white, with broad

brown outer margins and a large black lunule at the end of

cell on hind wings.

Expanse of wings 1,45 inch.

Tasinania.

Close to H, albidisca, Moore, from Bengal, but more varied

with white.

Indian and Australian Moths. 129

Amphypira tragopogonis.

Phalena- Noctua tragopogonis, Linn. Faun. Suec. p. 1189 (1748),

Kulu (Graham Young).

Does not appear to have been hitherto recorded from

India; there are examples in the B. M. from Scind Valley

and Sultanpore. It has a very wide palearctic range—

N. America, Europe, and N. India.

INethusa insularis.

Hyperdasis insularis, Butler, Ann. & Mag. N. H. (5) x. p. 230 (1882).

Kiriwini, Trobriand Island; Dukeof York Island; Solomons;

New Hebrides; Pulo Laut; Kapaur; Fergusson Island ;

Burma.

‘This species is not included in Hampson’s ‘ Moths of India,’

but appears to be very widely spread; there is an example in

the B. M., which I cannot separate from it, from Natal.

Family Acontiide.

Erastria umbrifera.

Hyboma umbrifera, Butler, I. Het. B. M. vii. p. 46, pl. cxxvi. fig. 1

(1889).

Dipterygia umbrifera, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. ii. p. 236 (1894),

Khasia Hills.

The type came from Dharmsala; it is an Acontiid of the

genus Hrastria.

Bryophila lamia, nov.

gd. Olive-brown: fore wings with antemedial, postmedial,

and submarginal blackish transverse sinuous lines; a short

subbasal line followed by blackish spots; a black lunule

at end of cell and above it a blackish patch touching the

costa; some blackish suffusion on the lower half of the

postmedial line, also some on its outer edge, making this line

look as if it were duplex in parts, some similar suffusion on

the inner side of the submarginal line, marginal points black ;

cilia olive-grey with pale patches: hind wings without

markings; cilia grey. Underside olive-grey, shining, indi-

cations of a pale discal band; a spot at end of cell of hind

wings, black marginal line, with some pale streaks running

inwards; fore tibia with pale bands.

Expanse of wings 7 inch.

Beeling, Burma.

130 Col. C. Swinhoe on

Family Euteliide.

Eutelia muttia, nov.

g. Palpi brown; head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous

grey, a brown spot on each side at base of the thorax ; three

grey-brown bands on the central segments of the abdomen :

fore wings ochreous grey, suffused in parts with blackish

brown, an antemedial curved brown line from hinder margin

ending in an orbicular spot below the costa, a large reniform

brown mark and a brown sinuous discal line curving round

it: hind wings mostly blackish brown, their centres ochreous

grey. Underside: both wings ochreous grey suffused in parts

with brown; fore wings with the large reniform and outer

line; hind wings with cell-spot and two outer brown lines.

Expanse of wings 1 inch.

Goping, Perak (Adinséler); Port Blair; Andaman Isles

(Wimberly).

Allied to #, deleta, Hmpsn.

Family Sarrothripide.

Blenina puloa, nov.

3. Palpi greyish white, a black spot on the sides at tip of

first joint, one at base of second joint, and black bands at base

and tip of third joint ; head, body, and fore wings grey, suffused

with dull green except on the disc, where there is a whitish

space; costa with some black marks, an indistinct transverse

broad band just beyond the middle, composed mostly of greenish

scales, and bordered hindwards on each side with black, the

outer line widening the band outwards on to the hinder

margin, and containing a blackish stigma at the end of the

cell and a black band a little above the hinder margin of the

wing; a submarginal duplex band of green lunular marks

and marginal white spots and black points; cilia nearly

white with brown patches : hind wings brown, paling towards

base and abdominal margin. Underside: fore wings brown,

hinder margin grey ; hind wings grey with a brown marginal

band ; cilia of both wings whitish ; hind tarsi with brown

bands.

Expanse of wings 1,/5 inch.

Luzon, Philippines.

There are examples in the B. M., unnamed, from Pulo Laut

and Talaut; it much resembles Charocoma albulalis, Walker,

from Sarawak ; it is not referred to by Semper in his ‘ Schmett.

der Philipp. Inseln.’

Indian and Australian Moths. 131

Family Quadrifide.

Genus SUNDWARDA, nov.

6. Palpi porrect, small and covered with hair, last joint

short; antennestrongly bipectinated for twothirds their length;

legs hairy ; hind tibie with two pairs of short spurs : fore wings

with veins 3 and 4 from lower angleof cell, 5 from a little above

the angle, 6 from upper angle, 7, 8, and 9 stalked, 10 from

four fifths of cell, 11 from two thirds: hind wings with veins

3 and 4 from lower angle of cell, 5 from haltway between

the middle and the lower angle, 6 and 7 from upper angle,

8 anastomosing with 7 near the base..

Will stand near Z'riswloides at the commencement of the

Quadrifide.

Sundwarda efulgida, nov..

3. Antenne brown; palpi and frons deep black; top of

head, body, and wings shining white, bands and markings

deep black ; a band on the collar, some marks on the thorax ;

abdomen black, with a white macular dorsal stripe: fore wings

with black lunular spots on the costa at equal distances apart,

the subapical one large and pointed into the wing, orbicular

invisible, reniform a black ring; some black short stripes

near the base and on the veins at the outer margin, a row

of diseal spear-shaped marks, and two or three sinuous and

irregular transverse lines filling up the wing: hind wings

tinged with grey, with grey veins; cilia of both wings with

black patches.

Eixpanse of wings 1,5 inch.

Sarawak.

4 There is an example in Mr. Herbert Druce’s collection from,

erak,

Praxis selecta, nov.

3 2. Palpi pale ochreous, speckled with black on their

upperside ; head, thorax, and fore wings brown, banded and

spotted with reddish pink, the thorax being mostly pink ;

costa with pale ochreous spots, two transverse bands close to

the base, one nearly erect before the middle; orbicular and

reniform pink, the former touching the outer side of this

band, the latter touching the inner side of a postmedial band,

which curves round it and then descends to the hinder

margin close to the other band, all these bands are formed in

large curves or lunules; there is also a submarginal band

of dentated marks, the points outwards lined with black,

132 Col. C. Swinhoe on

and small pink lunules and points on the margin, with the

marginal line black ; between all the bands in the male are

some whitish marks; the abdomen and hind wings are

purple-grey, the former with pink segmental bands, the latter

with a central thin white transverse band, some pink marks

near anal angle, black marginal line and pink points; cilia

grey, of hind wings white at apex and anal angle. Underside

whitish grey, base white; a white central band across both

wings, a suffused brown marginal band on hind wings with

a pink band inside it.

Eixpanse of wings 1,%, inch.

Towranna Plains, W. Australia (#. Clement).

Types in Mus. Oxon.

It is marked much like Praais dirigens, Walker, xv. 1801,

except for the pink colour.

Achea argilla, nov.

3 2. Palpi, head, body, and fore wings of a uniform pale

greyish clay-colour without any markings, the usual ante-

and postmedial lines being obsolete: hind wings with the

usual broad central white band, black marginal band with

white spots as in A. melicerte, Drury, but the inner area of

the wing is nearly white, being only slightly tinged with

grey. Underside: both wings white, very slightly tinged with

grey; fore wings with the black bands and hind wings

with the black spot near anal angle, as in A. melicerte. Sexes

alike.

Expanse of wings 2,7 inches.

Towranna Plains, W. Australia (Z. Clement).

Types in Mus. Oxon.

A very distinct and pretty form allied to A. melicerte,

Drury, which I have also from Australia.

Grammodes quesita, nov.

3 2. Palpi grey; head, body, and wings dark purplish

grey: fore wings with a deep black patch occupying the

centre of the wing, bounded externally by an outwardly

curved white line, which runs from costa to hinder margin,

but the black patch does not extend to the costa but leaves a

broad costal space clear and narrows hindwards and has an

erect white band running through its middle, also a black

irregular streak from apex, which extends in an irregular line

to the hinder margin, running close to the outer margin of the

patch ; outside this line the wing has a grey sheen; cilia

white at apex: hind wings more black than fore wings; a

Indian and Australian Moths. 133

white transverse band before the middle; cilia white with a

brown patch in the centre.

Expanse of wings 15}, inch.

Coomo, Queensland.

There is an example of this insect in the B. M. from Port

Darwin, mixed up with G. geometrica, Fabr., but though it

superficially resembles a miniature form of that species, it

will be found on examination to have very little in common

with it.

Grammodes Clementi, nov.

6. Palpi and frons white, a white line round the eyes ;

head, body, and wings of a uniform dull slaty brownish

black ; bands and spots white, a band nearly straight from

costal third to hinder margin three-quarters from base, a dot

at end of cell, a band from costal two-thirds, outwards to the

middle, then acutely angled and curved in a thin line to the

hinder margin close to the termination of the other band, the

curve goes round a black ocellus ringed with grey, a white

streak near apex, the costa at apex white and a white costal

dot on the inner side of the streak; cilia white at apex :

hind wings with a central band, slightly outwardly curved

and attenuated hindwards to the anal angle; cilia white, with

a brown patch in the middle. Underside white: wings with

the basal half white, outer half of fore wings with an outwardly

curved white discal band, with white broken streaks from the

costa on both sides of it: hind wings with a brown thick

line in the centre of the white part, a band of white lunules

on inner margin of the brown part, some submarginal white

lunules and cilia as above.

Expanse of wings 1,4, inch.

Towranna Plains, W. Australia (4. Clement).

Type in Mus. Oxon.

Closely allied to G. oculata, Snellen, from Celebes, Tijd.

voor Ent. xxi. p. 103, pl. viii. f. 6 (1880) ; but that insect has

no subapical streak on the fore wings, and this is a very

prominent character of the form now described. ‘There are two

examples in the B. M. mixed up with G. oculicola, Walker,

to which it is also allied, but from which it is quite distinct.

Niguza oculita, nov.

?. Ochreous grey, very uniform in colour, except the palpi,

head, and collar, which are red-brown; transverse lines on the

wings brown and wavy, one before the middle, on fore wings

only, two close together beyond the middle, with a large

134 Col. C. Swinhoe on

ocellus at the end of the cell, round which the inside line

curves, the ocellus is ochreous with a large black centre with

white pupil, the ochreous outer part is ringed with black and

then with white; the duplex line runs across the hind wing

before its middle; across both wings are two lines nearly

straight, close together on the disc; a submarginal deeply

dentated line and a marginal line; cilia slightly paler than

the wings. Underside brighter yellow, large round black spots

at end of each cell, broad marginal brown borders ; cilia

ochreous grey.

Expanse of wings 1,9; inch.

Towranna Plains, W. Australia (Z. Clement).

‘Type in Mus. Oxon.

Two examples only ; there are three unnamed in the B. M.

The species is nearly allied to N. spéramiotdes, Walker, xv.

1855, the type of the genus.

Family Focillide.

Genus OSERICANA, Walker.

Osericana, Walker, xxxiv. 1214 (1865).

Mixtila, Swinh. Cat. Het. Mus. Oxon. u. p. 193 (1900).

Pinacia, Walker, xix. 919 (1859) (preeoce.).

Osericana albistella.

Osericana albistella, Walker, 1. c.

Pinacia pupillalis, Snellen, Tijd. voor Ent. xxviii. p. 8, pl. i. figs. 4, 4a

(1885).

Sumatra, Celebes, Philippines.

Family Hypenide.

Dichromia otiata, nov.

&. Palpi, head, body, and fore wings black ; a thin, pure

white, straight and erect transverse band from costa two

thirds from base to hinder margin a little before the angle:

hind wings white; a black border, narrow on costa, broad on

outer margin, attenuated gradually to a point at the anal

angle, the border occupying two thirds of the wing-space.

Underside as above, except that there is no white band on the

fore wing.

Expanse of wings 15° inch.

Flores.

Allied to D. leucotenia, Snellen, Tijd. voor Ent. xxiii.

p. 114 (1880), and xxiv. p. 67, pl. v. fig. 1 (1881), from

Celebes; differs chiefly in the narrow white band of fore

Indian and Australian Moths. 135

wings above and the absence of the white band on those wings

below. There is an example of Snellen’s species from

S. Celebes in the B. M., unnamed, in the Dichromia drawer.

Family Nymphulida.

Genus CAMPTOMASTIX.

Camptomastix, Warren, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) ix. p. 489 (1892).

Camptomastyx, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. iv. p. 238 (1896) ; Trans. Ent. Soc.

1897, p. 215.

Warren’s type is pacalis, Leech.

Hampson’s type is Aisbonalis, Walker.

The two are conspecific. Sir George Hampson had over-

looked the fact that Warren had described the genus in 1892,

Tt will have to stand as Camptomastix, Warren, not Campto-

mastyxz, Hampson.

Oligostigma eromenalis.

Cenostola eromenalis, Snellen, Tijd. voor Ent. xxiii, p. 226 (1880),

xxvii. p. 6, pl. iii. fig. 4 (1884).

Oigostigma eromenalis, Hmpsn. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1897, p. 160.

Celebes, Philippines ; Queensland, Australia.

In Trans. Ent. Soc. 1897, p. 160, Hampson sinks this

species to Ambia ptolycusalis, Walker, which should be

corrected.

Family Endotrichide.

Cangetia rectilinea.

Cangetta rectilinea, Moore, Lep. Ceylon, iii. p. 314, pl. clxxxii. fig. 3

(1886). :

Paraponyx hartoghialis, Snellen, Tijd. voor Ent. xy. p. 97, pl. vii.

figs. 6, 7 (1872).

Paraponyx griseolalis, Hmpsn. Ill. Het, ix. p. 176, pl. elxxiy. fig. 12

(1893).

Khasia Hills, Ceylon, New Guinea.

Snellen informs me that his species is identical with

Moore’s ; he has also brought to my notice that Sir George

Hampson has apparently omitted Botys fatualis, Led., alto-

gether. Lederer’s figure is good, but, as I have not seen the

species, I do not know where it should stand.

Family Pyraustide.

Entephria pulchralis, nov.

&. Palpi, frons, and top of head white; body and wings

bright primrose-yellow, markings dark chocolate; a band on

136 Col. C. Swinhoe on

the collar, three on thorax, central and on the sides: fore

wings with three parallel upright bands before the middle,

the first being short and close to the base; an angular band

from costa at three fourths to vein 2 above the hinder angle,

then elbowed straight to a spot at the end of the cell, below

which is a short nearly upright band from the middle of the

hinder margin; a submarginal even line, another similar

marginal line: hind wings with a band before the middle

extending to the anal angle; a discal band elbowed at vein 3

and turned upwards; a submarginal line not reaching the

abdominal margin, and a marginal line; cilia of both wings

white, containing a basal blackish line and grey tips.

Expanse of wings 1,8, inch.

Rangoon.

In one example the bands are much broader than in the

others and there is some ochreous suffusion at the anal angle

of the hind wings.

Tabidia inconsequens.

Nymphula (?) inconsequens, Warren, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) xvii.

p- 204 (1896).

Orphnophanes inconsequens, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. iv. p. 231 (1896).

Dawson, Queensland.

Though the examples from Australia are greyer and less

yellowish than the Khasia Hill forms, I can find no specitic

difference.

This species is made an Orphnophanes in the B. M., a

genus belonging to the Hydrocampide; but vein 10 of fore

wings is only closely approximated to 9 and 8 and vein 2 rises

from close to base—a characteristic, as Hampson himself says,

of Tabidia type.

Pagyda pulverulenta, nov.

¢. Pale ochreous brown ; palpi beneath white: hind wings

with the costal space whitish, otherwise the ochreous-brown

colour is very uniform throughout; transverse lines brown,

disposed much as in P. salvalis, Walker, and P. discolor,

Swinh., but very fine and thin; the submarginal line straight

as in discolor, but composed of dots; marginal line brown ;

cilia slightly paler than the wing-colour, with a brown basal

line. Underside ochreous grey, shining.

Expanse of wings 1 inch.

Khasia Hills.

Indian and Australian Moths. 137

Nacoleia gratalis.

Botys gratalis, Led. Wien. ent. Mon. vii. p. 475, pl. xi. fig. 18 (1863) ;

Walker, xxxiv. 1390 (1865); Snellen, Tijd. voor Ent. xxvi. pl. vili.

figs, 2, 2a (1883).

Semtoceros gratalis, Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 318.

Goniorhynchus gratalis, Hmpsn. (nec Led.), Moths India, iv. p. 322

(1896); P. Z. S. 1898, p. 706

Botys minualis, Hmpsn. (nec Walker) Z. c.

Java.

Sir George Hampson makes gratalis, Led., the type of his

genus Goniorhynchus through misidentification, his description

being made from a specimen of mznualis, Walker, which he

believed to be identical with gratalis, Led.; but though super-

ficially alike, they are very different insects. ‘The palpi of

gratalis are described by Lederer and have been figured by

Snellen as shown above, and the latter has very kindly sent

me a specimen for examination; Snellen seems to have been

perfectly ight in putting it in Meyrick’s genus Semioceros

(see Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 318), but when describing this

genus Meyrick overlooked the fact that murcalis=murcusalis,

Walker, xix. 933, is the type of Walker’s genus Nacoleia,

and that amphicedalis, Walker, is congeneric.

Genus Mrrastopgs, Meyrick.

Metasiodes, Meyrick, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1894, p. 8.

Blepharomastix, Hmpsn. (nec Led.) Moths Ind. iv. p. 312 (1896).

Metastodes heliaula.

Metasiodes heliaula, Meyrick, 1. c.

Nacoleia heliaula, Hmpsn. lt. ¢. p. 318.

Burma, Shan States.

Sir George Hampson spells the name Metasciodes, but

Meyrick’s name is without the c—Metastodes (like Metasia) ;

he sinks Meyrick’s genus to Blepharomastix, a genus that

was erected by Lederer for a group of purely American moths

of delicate build and long narrow wings, having, I am of

opinion, nothing in common with the species of Meyrick’s

Metasiodes, and this Hampson again makes a subsection of

the genus Nacoleta, Walker.

Margaronia lucretila, nov.

&. Palpi chestnut-brown, head chestnut-grey; a dark

chestnut band on the collar; body and wings pure white; a

chestnut-brown band from the costa of fore wings beyond the

middle to the lower end of cell, where it joins a similarly

138 On Indian and Australian Moths.

coloured narrower band, which curves inwards from the costa

near apex and then extends to the hinder margin at two thirds

from base; the first band has a whitish line running through

it, the second is followed by a whitish line and a broad mar-

ginal orange band with a whitish line dividing it, the whitish

lines in certain lights have a blue tint: hind wings with a

large orange-brown patch in the centre of the disc, extending

to outer margin, containing a metallic blue band near its inner

side, and three black spots on the margin sprinkled with

metallic blue scales. Underside white, unmarked.

Expanse of wings 1,5 inch.

Solomon Islands.

Lepidoplaga flavicinctalis.

Crocidophora (?) flavicinctals, Snellen, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 595.

Lepidoplaga longicorpus, Warren, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) xviii.

p. 108 (1896).

Lepidoplaga elongalis, Warren, 1. c.

Pionea flavofimbriata.

Mabra flavofimbriata, Moore, Descr. Ind. Lep. Atk. p. 208 (1888).

I have received a long series of both these perfectly distinct

moths from the higher Khasias and from the Jaintia Hills ;

Sir George Hampson has put them all together (Moths Ind. iv.

. 427).

; In his description of the latter (Lep. Atk. p. 208) Moore

gives the expanse of wings §-2 inch=13-18 mm.; Hampson

says 24 mm., his description being taken from flavicinctalis ;

but flavofimbriata does not belong to the same genus, and is

not a Lepidoplaga; it has no scale-tuft below at end of cell

nor exaggerated retinaculum as in flavicinctalis.

The genus Lepidoplaga has been made a section of the genus

Pionea, which can hardly be its right place; its peculiar

characteristics are equally present in one of the groups of

Crocidophora, where, I think, it would be more appropriate.

Besides Moore’s two type specimens of flavofimbriata in the

B. M., there is a male example from the Khasia Hills identical

with mine.

Pionea aureolalis.

Botys aureolalis, Ved. Wien. ent. Mon. vii. pp. 875 & 473 (1863).

Pionea aureolalis, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. iv. p. 424 (1896); P. Z. 8. 1899,

p. 246.

Dichocrocis evaxalis, Hmpsn. (part.), Moths Ind. iy. p. 805; P. Z.S.

1898, p. 688.

Khasia Hills.

On Mammals from British Guiana. 139

The type came from the Himalayas. In Hampson’s Moths,

iv. p. 305, aureolalis, Led., is made a synonym of D. evazalis,

Walker; at p. 424 he makes aureolalis, Led., a Pionea, and

sinks ochrealis, Moore, and contractalis, Warren, to it; these

last two have different scaling, are of a different shade of

yellow, and, I think, are good forms: in P. Z. 8. 1898, p. 689,

and 1899, p. 246, he repeats the same positions, but in the

former he gives Lederev’s reference as p. 473, and in the latter

as p. 875; but both Lederer’s references refer to the same

insect, the former being a list with localities and the latter a

description of the same.

Hemiscopis polusalis.

Botys polusalis, Walker, xviii. 703 (1859).

Hydrorybina polusalis, Hmpsn. Moths Ind. iv. p. 239 (1896).

Clupeosoma polusalis, Umpsn. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1897, p. 217.

Sarawak, Borneo.

The genus Clupeosoma=Hydrorybina belongs to the

family Hydrocampide ; but from the examination of a number

of examples of this species from Sarawak I find that it does

not belong to that family: vein 10 on fore wings is not

stalked with 8 and 9, it is really only approximated to 8 and

9; it is necessary to denude the wing of scales to see this

properly. The species fits well into the genus Hemiscopis,

Warren.

XXI.—On a Collection of Mammals from the Kanuku

Mountains, British Guiana. By OLDFIELD Tuomas, F.R.S.

By the help of Mr. F. V. McConnell, Mr. J. J. Quelch,

recently Director of the British Guiana Museum, has been

enabled to make a collecting expedition to the Savannah

region in the interior of the colony, near the Brazilian

boundary. The collection was formed in the Kanuku

Mountains, about 59° W. and 3° N., and on the savannahs

near their base, at altitudes varying from 240 to 2000 feet.

Mr. McConnell, whose name is already known to science

by his exploration of Mt. Roraima*, has been generous

enough to present the whole of the mammals obtained by

Mr. Quelch to the National Museum, and I have now the

privilege of giving an account of them.

The collection proves to be of extraordinary and quite

* See Trans. Linn. Soc., 2nd ser. Zool. viii. p. 51.

140 Mr. O. Thomas on

unexpected interest, and the proportion of novelties most

unusual. This has been mainly due to the fact that so many

Guianan and Brazilian forms have been presumed, without

close comparison, to be identical with each other, while now

Mr. Quelch’s collection shows that although representative of

each other the species are not as a rule the same. Thanks

to the invaluable collections of Mr. Alphonse Robert from

Sao Paulo, I have had for comparison with Mr. Quelch’s

specimens examples of most of the Brazilian species made,

like Mr. Quelch’s, in the most approved modern style.

No less than ten species and subspecies have now had to

be described as new, and a new genus of bats has also been

discovered, so that both Mr. McConnell and Mr. Quelch are

to be congratulated on the highly successful result of the

latter’s expedition. And even when not new, such excellent

series of specimens form an addition of the utmost value to

the Museum Collection.

1. Myotis, sp.

Six skins and three spirit-specimens. Upokarit, N.

Kanuku Mts., 240 feet. December 12, 1900.

- 2. Rhynchonycteris naso, Wied.

Six skins. 240 feet. October to December.

3. Saccopteryx bilineata, Temm.

Hight skins and three spirit-specimens. 240 feet. October.

4. Saccopterya leptura, Schreb.

Two skins and three spirit-specimens. 300 feet. November.

5. Saccopteryx canina, Temm.

Five skins and four spirit-specimens. 600 to 2000 feet.

November and December.

6. Noctilio leporinus, L.

One skin.

7. Noctilio albiventer, Spix.

Five skins and four spirit-specimens.

These specimens are all of the yellow-bellied type to

which the name of JN. affinis was applied by d’Orbigny and

Gervais. I can find no cranial or other important differences

between them and the whitish-bellied form of the species.

Mammals from British Guiana. 141

8. Molossus maurus, sp. un.

a. 3S skin. December 11. Alt. 240 feet. Type.

. 2 1-1

Incisors 3. Premolars =. Other characters much as in

M. (Promops) abrasus.

General appearance very much as in M&M. abrasus, the

colour, texture of fur, and structure of ears being all about

as in that species. Colour throughout dark chocolate-brown ;

hairs of back about 6 mm. in length. Lars of medium size,

not united, their inner bases close together; no trace of the

characteristic muzzle-ridge of W. rufus; inner lobe thickened,

flattened externally ; outer and inner edges straight, at about

right angles to each other, the tip broadly rounded off; a

small convexity at the outer base just before the deep anti-

tragal notch; antitragus long and deep, so that it may be

described as triangular with a rounded upper angle, quite

unlike the circular antitragus of MW. rufus; tragus small and

narrow.

Gular sac distinct, at leastin male. Limbs and membranes

apparently naked throughout, except just at the base of the

tail and femora.

Skull in its general shape, although smaller, remarkably

like that of JZ. abrasus, the shape and height of the muzzle,

the development of the crests, and the proportions of the

brain-case all as in that species. Ante- and supra-orbital

edges rounded; mesial crest low, commencing just in front

of the most constricted part of the skull and running back to

the occiput. Palate ending nearly a millimetre behind the

level of the last molar. Angles of lower jaw slender, not

abnormally expanded laterally.

Teeth in shape and proportion quite like those of IZ. abrasus,

but there is no trace of the minute upper premolar.

Dimensions of the type :—

Forearm 53 millim.

Head and body (in flesh) 64; tail (in flesh) 51; ear 19;

antitragus 6°1 x 4°5; third finger, metacarpal 53, first phalanx

24:5, second phalanx 22°5; top of knee to tip of hind

claw 29.

Type. B. M. no. 1. 6. 4. 34.

This distinct bat falls into the group that has been called

Myopterus, and by its size, dentition, and elongated antitragus

may be readily separated from any known species.

The original Myopterus Daubentont, whose skull-dimensions,

as given by Peters *, agree closely with those of MZ. maurus,

* MB. Ak. Berl. 1869, p. 402.

Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 7. Vol. viii. 11

142 Mr, O. Thomas on

was said to have its under surface of a dirty white, with a

tinge of yellow, so that it cannot have been the present

form.

9. Micronycteris megalotis, Gray.

Five skins and two spirit-specimens. 600 and 2000 feet.

November, 1900.

Colmamece

In connexion with this species it may be noted that

specimen g of Dobson’s Catalogue (in spirit) is the type

described by Gray in 1842, not specimen 7 as there stated.

Specimen / is the type of Phyllostoma elongatum, Gray nec

Geoffroy, and therefore of Ph. scrobiculatum, Wagn.

10. Phyllostoma latefolium, sp. n.

Six skins and two spirit-specimens. 1000 feet, November 6;

600 feet, December 4.

Allied to Ph. elongatum, but smaller, the nose-leaf shorter,

broader, and with scarcely a trace of central rib.

Size about as in Ph. discolor, therefore rather smaller than

in Ph. elongatum. Fur soft and fine; hairs of back about

8 mm. in length. General colour above dark smoky brown,

greyer over the head and nape, darker on the back; under

surface uniformly dark greyish, like the nape. No facial

markings. Limbs and membranes almost entirely naked, a

few hairs on the proximal part of the forearm and on the

base of the interfemoral membrane.

Nose-leaf very large, much larger than in Ph. discolor,

though exceeded in length by that of Ph. elongatum. Horse-

shoe simple, free in front. Lancet with its central rib

almost imperceptible; its sides broadly and evenly rounded,

not decidedly tapering towards the tip as is the case in

Ph. elongatum. ars large, more broadly rounded than in

Ph. elongatum; inner margin evenly convex, tip broadly

rounded off, upper half of outer margin flattened, lower half

convex. ‘Tragus as in the allied species. Wings to the

ankles. Calcars long, reaching when laid upwards just to

the knee. Penis long, longer than in the other species.

Skull on the whole similar to that of Ph. elongatum, but

markedly smaller; supraorbital edges apparently rather less

developed; posterior palatal opening more narrowed and

V-shaped, though not so much so as in PA, discolor; basi-

occipital rather more deeply pitted.

Teeth as in Ph. elongatum, the molars almost as broad,

and therefore markedly broader than in PA. discolor. Outer

upper incisors rather smaller in proportion.

Mammals from British Guiana. 143

Dimensions :—

Forearm of the type 59 millim.

A spirit-specimen (3) measures: head and body 75;

tail 16; nose-leaf, extreme length 17, breadth of horseshoe

8:3, of lancet 8'°5; ear 27; tragus, length on inner edge 7°5 ;

forearm 59; third finger, metacarpus 53, first phalanx 16:5,

second phalanx 29:5; fifth finger, metacarpus 53, first

phalanx 12°5, second phalanx 13°5; lower leg 23; hind

foot (c. u.) 15; calcar 19.

Skull of type: greatest length 27:5 ; basal length 21:5 ;

zygomatic breadth 16; constriction 4°8; front of canine to

back of m.* 10:4.

Type. Male. Original number 199. B. M. no. 1. 6. 4. 43.

This is most distinct from either of the two smaller

species of Phyllostoma, Ph. elongatum and discolor, and

cannot be confused with either of them, though nearest to

the former. Alectops ater, Gray, said to be from Surinam,

has a long tapering nose-leaf to which there is a well-marked

rib, just as in Ph. elongatum, with which it is united by

Dobson.

11. Hemiderma brevicauda, Wied.

Six skins and three spirit-specimens. 240, 600, 1000,

and 2000 feet. October to December.

12. Glossophaga soricina, Pall.

Two in spirit. 600 feet. November.

13. Artibeus planirostris, Spix.

Nine skins and two spirit-specimens. 240 feet. October 29.

14, Artibeus cinereus, Gerv.

Three skins and one spirit-specimen. 240 feet. November.

15. Mesophylla Macconnelli, gen. et sp. nn.

a. Skin, 2. No. 155. November 8. 2000 feet. Type.

6. Immature, in spirit, ¢. No. 157. November 8.

2000 feet.

MESOPHYLLA, gen. nov. (Phyllostomide).

Allied to Vampyrops and Ectophylla, but differing from both

by the structure of its teeth, and especially its m,, a tooth

diagnostic in this group, and in addition from Vampyrops by

igi

144 Mr. O. Thomas on

its Hetophylla-like general characters and tooth-proportions,

and from Hetophylla by the presence of an ms.

Nose-leaf not peculiar, about as in Vampyrops, but with

a minute secondary leaflet behind the main leaf on the top

of the muzzle in the middle line. ars with a supplementary

lobule on the antitragus, otherwise normal. Interfemoral

membrane of medium development ; no trace of a tail.

Skull very much asin Hetophylla*, but the basioccipital not

deeply pitted. Nasal openings and palatal bones of normal

extension, but the palate with many minute vacuities.

Teeth above. Incisors very small, not touching each other,

the median ones convergent terminally. Canines and pre-

molars also very small and pointed, closely similar to those of

Ectophylla. Molars very peculiar, in that the anterior one is

small, much smaller than the posterior, and triangular, its

shape recalling that of the carnassial premolar of a carnivore,

and quite unlike the transversely produced m' of Vampyrops;

m? rounded, basin-shaped, without trace of interior cusp, a

single large antero-external cusp present.

Teeth below. Incisors four in number, subequal. Pre-

molars small, not touching each other, though the anterior pair

are pressed close against the canines, each with asingle main

anterior cusp and a long posterior keel without cusp. An-

terior molar with one long antero-external cusp and a low

postero-external raised edge, its surface broad and hollowed,

without further cusps. Second molar rather longer than the

first, oval in section, pointed anteriorly, broadly basin-shaped,

though not so much so as in Hetophylla, and without interior

basal cusps: its edges are raised up into cusps at its

anterior point, where the highest cusp is placed, antero-

interiorly and postero-interiorly ; these cusps appear to

correspond respectively to the supplementary median anterior,

the antero-internal, and the postero-internal cusps of Vam-

pyrops, there being no trace of the large antero-external cusp.

Last molar minute, about the size of one of the incisors.

This highly interesting genus appears to be a modification

of Vampyrops in the direction of Hctophylla, having a con-

siderable resemblance to the latter form, but without its

highly specialized ma, and with the dental formula of the

former. None of the different subgenera of Vampyrops show

any special affinity to it, all of them, whatever their dental

formula, having the characteristic quadrangular m, with a

marked cusp at its antero-external as well as at its two

internal angles.

* Of. Harrison Allen, Tr. Am, Phil. Soc. xix. p. 267 (1898).

Mammals from British Guiana. 145

Mesophylla Macconnelh, sp. n.

Size a little greater than in Metophylla alba. Fur close

and thick, hairs about 5 millim. long on the back. Colour of

head and anterior back dull brownish white, darkening pos-

teriorly to a brown very near Ridgway’s ‘ wood-brown.”

Fur of body extending on to the basal half of the forearms

and femora, and on to the wing-membrane between them.

Nose-leaf of medium size, not crenulated or specially com-

plicated ; the horseshoe narrow, free in front; lancet with

well-defined median rib. Ears with a small rounded basal

lappet on the inner edge, which above is markedly convex

halfway towards the rounded tip; outer edge concave above,

then convex to the antitragal notch; antitragus low, convex

above, with a well-defined supplementary upright lobule

near its anterior end; tragus pointed above, two projecting

lobules on its external border, a peculiar thickened projection

placed just in front of the tragus and almost duplicating it.

Wings to the distal end of the metatarsus. Calcars short,

curved backwards. Interfemoral membrane fairly broad, its

narrowest point opposite the middle of the tibie.

Dimensions of the type :—

Forearm 30 millim.

Head and body (taken in flesh by collector) 45; ear (do.)

12°5; expanse (do.) 241; third finger, metacarpal 28, first

phalanx 11°8, second phalanx 14; fifth finger, metacarpal

27°5, first phalanx 8, second phalanx 8. The following

supplementary measures are taken on specimen @, in spirit,

its forearm being 27°5 millim. :—ear 11°3 ; tragus on inner

edge 3; nose-leaf 9x 5°5; lower leg 10; ‘breadth of inter-

femoral in centre 6°5.

Skull (of type): greatest length 17-6; basal length 13:5 ;

zygomatic breadth 10; interorbital breadth 4:5; mastoid

breadth 9; palate length 8; front of upper canine to back of

m 6'1.

This curious little bat was at first supposed to be a second

species of the genus Hetophylla, but further examination

resulted in the discovery of so many points of difference, that

I have felt compelled to describe it as a distinct genus. As

being the most interesting animal obtained by Mr. Quelch, I

have named it in honour of the naturalist who was generous

enough to provide the means for Mr. Quelch’s expedition,

and to give the whole of his mammal collection to the

National Museum.

146 Mr. O. Thomas on

16. Canis cancrivorus savannarum, subsp. n.

a. Ad. ?. No. 230. December 10. Altitude 500 feet.

“On Savannah.” Type.

A small delicately-built race of the true C. cancrivorus.

Size, of an adult female, markedly less than in the corre-

sponding sex of C. cancrivorus. General colour above coarsely

grizzled grey with a strong suffusion of buffy, and freely

washed with black along the middle line. ‘The long hairs of

the back are black for their basal, middle, and terminal fifths,

with white subbasal and subterminal rings, though the sub-

basal ring is sometimes obsolete. The woolly fur is buffy,

duller and tipped with brown along the back, clearer and un-

tipped on the sides. Face buffy fawn, with indistinct darker

markings at the roots of the whiskers and below the eyes;

forehead and crown more greyish, with a lighter patch above

each eye. Quter side of ear pale brown, passing basally and

on the large postauricular patch into clear buffy. Chin

brown ; throat, chest, and belly white, varied with buffy on

the sides and across between the fore limbs. Front and

outer side of fore limbs grizzled greyish buffy; inner side

clearer buffy to the wrist, the middle line of the palm dark

brown. Hind limbs similarly coloured, the whole of the

plantar surface blackish brown. Tail bushy, the hairs of its

upperside and its tip black basally, white mesially, and with

a broad black end. Below the hairs are dull whitish buffy

throughout.

Skull, on the whole, closely similar to that of C. cancri-

vorus, but smaller, more lightly built, and the zygomatic

outline more tapering forward in the region of the orbits.

Nasals decidedly shorter, barely reaching past the level of

the anterior edge of the orbit, and falling considerably short

of the premaxillary processes.

Dimensions of the type (taken in the flesh) :—

Head and body 610 millim.; tail 280; hind foot (s. u.),

dry, 116; ear 63.

Skull: greatest length in middle line 129; basal length

120; zygomatic breadth 70; nasals (from bottom of con-

cavity in front) 88x 10; interorbital breadth 23:3; breadth

across postorbital processes 35; breadth of brain-case 44; _

palate, length 63, breadth across m* 39 ; horizontal length of

p 12:2, of m* and m* combined 16:5; of m, 14:2, m, 8°8,

Ms 4.

This appears to be asmall and brightly-coloured Savannah

representative of the Cands concrivorus of the Guianan coast-

lands.

Mammals from British Guiana. 147

17. Scturus Quelchii, sp. n.

Three skins. 240 to 800 feet. November and December.

An olive-coloured species, with a yellow belly and four pairs

of mamme.

General appearance very similar to S. cusc’nus and Ingram,

more olive and less brownish than in the true S. estuans,

Chapmant, and quebradensis. Fur fairly short, though

slightly longer than in S. @stwans, about 8 millim. in length

on the back. General colour above finely grizzled olive, this

colour extending over the whole of the upper surface, on the

head, and on the outer sides of the limbs, but the hands and

feet are more yellowish, especially on the toes. Under

surface and inner sides of limbs buffy yellow, the chest nearly

pure “cream-buff,” though the hairs are slaty basally through-

out. Lines of demarcation not sharply defined. ars of

medium length, their fine thinly-scattered hairs fulvous, but

these are too fine and too few to give any general fulvous

effect. No postauricular patches. Tail mixed black and

fulvous, the hairs mostly with three black rings and the tips

broadly fulvous ; hairs at the end of the tail more entirely

black, but still with their extreme tips fulvous. Four pairs

of mamme, the most anterior close behind the axille.

Skull with short abruptly and squarely truncated nasals,

not nearly reaching to the back of the premaxillary processes.

Postorbital processes short. Molars unusually small.

Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) :—

Head and body 178 millim.; tail 165; hind foot, s. u. 44,

c.u. 475; ear 20.

Skull: greatest length 45; basilar length 34; greatest

breadth 27°5; nasals 10°5x6:2; interorbital breadth 16;

breadth across postorbital processes 22; diastema 11°5;

palate length from henselion 18°5 ; length of palatal foramina

2°7, of upper tooth series 6:8.

Type. Male. No. 1. 6. 4. 66. Collected November 2,

1900.

This squirrel is unexpectedly different from the true

S. estuans of Surinam and the Guianan coast-lands. Hxamples

from Demerara and Cayenne, however, representing that

form, are clearly different from the present, thew darker

colour, slenderer form, shorter fur, and especially the deep

orange-buffy of their underparts readily separating them from

the species found inland. Shaw’s “ Myoawws guerlingus”’

aud Peters’s “ Sciurus estuans, var. guianensis’’ *, are botn

* MB. Ak. Berl. 18638, p. 655,

148 Mr. O. Thomas on

clearly the coast species. S. quebradensis, Allen*, from

Cumané4, has also many differences in colour, and possesses

only three pairs of mamme +.

18. Rhipidomys nitela, sp. n.

a-f. Six ad. and imm. skins.

Very similar to &. venezuele, but markedly smaller.

General external appearance quite as in &. venezuele, with

which it shares the general greyish fawn-colour, sharply

defined pure white belly, brown ears, light feet with brown

middle line of metapodials, and long, hairy, uniformly brown

tail. Fur of these specimens rather shorter (hairs of back

about 5 millim. in length), but this may possibly be seasonal.

Skull: similar in shape to that of 2. venezuele, but much

smaller throughout, narrower and rather more delicately

built. Supraorbital edges square, not heavily ridged. Palatal

foramina large, widely open, extending to the level of the

first lamina of m’.

* Scrurus (Guerlinguetus) estwans quebradensis, Allen, Bull. Am. Mus.

N. H. xii. p. 217 (1899).

+ The following squirrel, also presented by Mr. McConnell, may be

here described :—

Scwurus Macconnelli, sp. 0.

A brownish olivaceous species, near S. quebradensis, but with eight

mamme. Fur longer and shaggier than in S, Quelchiz, the hairs on the

back about 11 millim. in length. General colour above grizzled brown,

perhaps nearest to Ridgway’s ‘‘vandyke brown,” with an olivaceous

tinge. Under surface rich fulvous or orange buffy, richest on the chest;

chin and throat greyish ; bases of hairs slaty grey; lines of demarcation

on sides not defined. Head like body; ears rather short, their colour

quite like that of the head; a prominent buffy postauricular patch present.

Outer sides of limbs like body, the digits greyer; inner sides washed

with fulvous, like that of the belly, but duller and paler. Tail imperfect

in the single specimen, but evidently of the same type of coloration as

in S, Quelchii. Mammee 8.

Nasals comparatively long, parallel-sided, their outer corners level with

the premaxillary processes behind, the middle of their hinder edge pro-

jecting angularly forwards.

Dimensions of the type (measured in skin) :—

Head and body (c.) 190 millim.; hind foot, s. u. 44, c. u. 48; ear (dry) 17;

nasals 14°5 (diagonally) x6°4; front of lower premolar to tip of incisors

13:5.

Hab. Mt. Roraima, near its base.

Type. B.M. no, 1.1. 28.1. Collected October 1, 1898, and presented by

F, V. McConnell, Esq.

This species has somewhat the appearance of 8. quebradensis, but

may readily be distinguished by its possession of eight mamme, as in

S. Quelcehit, from which it differs by its shaggier fur, browner colour above

and more fulvous below; it is also distinguished from all its neighbours

by its marked postauricular patches.

Mammals from British Guiana. 149

Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) :—

Head and body 133 millim. ; tail 140; hind foot, s. u. 25,

c.u. 26; ear 16.

Skull: greatest length 32; basilar length 25°5; greatest

breadth 16°6; nasals 10°8x 3:4; interorbital breadth 4°5;

interparietal 4 x 10; palate from henselion 12°9; diastema 8 ;

palatal foramina 6°8 x 2°5 ; length of upper molar series 4°4.

Tyne. Male. B.M.no. 1.6. 4.81. From Kwaimattat,

Kanuku Mts. Collected October 12.

Although so closely similar to 2. venezwelw in colour and

all essential characters, this species may be readily distin-

guished by its much smaller size, as shown by the above

dimensions. With the other two Guianan species, &. Maccon-

nelli, de Wint., and &. Selateri, Thos., it has no near

relationship.

19. Holochilus guiane, sp. n.

a-d. Four ad. and imm. skins. November 28, 1900.

a. No. 179 the type.

A middle-sized species allied to H. scdureus, from whose

locality it is separated by the range of the Amazonian

Hi. nanus.

General colour of head and body grizzled greyish fawn,

profusely mixed with blackish along the dorsal area. Sides

gradually clearing and verging towards buffy cinnamon along

the flanks ; in some of the younger specimens this part 1s

almost ochraceous buff. Belly not sharply defined, the

longer hairs cinnamon or buffy, the woolly hairs slaty basally,

dull white terminally ; chin and inguinal regions entirely

whitish, owing to the absence of the longer hairs. ars

short, blackish externally, buffy internally. Arms and legs

like body ; hands and feet glossy buffy white on the meta-

podials, clearer white on the digits. The feet themselves

appear to be longer in proportion to the size of the skull than

in H. sciureus. ‘Tail shorter than head and body, finely

scaly, thinly clothed with fine brownish hairs, the scales

showing through; uniformly brown above, rather paler

below.

Skull as compared with that of Bahian specimens assigned to

H, sciureus lighter and more delicately built throughout, less

heavily ridged, with a narrower muzzle and more slender

zygomata. Interorbital region flat, its edges square, not

produced into heavy upstanding ridges as in AZ. scvureus.

Front of anterior zygoma-root with a marked projection

above, below which the edge is concave forwards. Palatine

150 Mr. O. Thomas on

foramina about the length of the molar series, not reaching

back to the front of m*. Molars light and narrow, of the

usual Holochilus pattern.

Dimensions of the type (measured by collector in the

flesh) :-—

Head and body 178 millim. ; tail 159; hind foot, s. u. 38°5,

c. u. 42; ear 15.

Skull: greatest length 37; basilar length 30°7; greatest

breadth 20°6; nasals 14°5x 4:5; interorbital breadth 95;

palate from henselion 18°7; palatal foramina 7°5 x 2°6; length

of upper molar series 6:9.

Type. B.M. no. 1. 6. 4. 87.

This water-rat, whose discovery extends the known range

of the genus some way to the northward, is no doubt very

closely allied to H. sciureus, but differs from it by its darker

colour (Wagner says that in his type “fehlt eine schwarze

Beimischung ganz’) and by the more lighter build and less

ridged skull. H. nanus, the smallest species of the genus,

occurs in the Amazonian valley, and divides the ranges of the

other two.

20. Sigmomys * savannarum, sp. 0.

Fourteen skins. 240 feet. October and November. “On

Savannahs.”

Allied to 8. Alstoni, Thos.+, and similarly like a Sigmodon,

but paler in colour, with shorter foot and shorter skull.

Size rather less than in S. Alstont. Fur straight and

sparse, with little or no underfur; hairs of back about

10 millim. in length. General colour above heavily lined

and mottled brown and greyish buffy, the combination not

easily definable, but perhaps nearest to Ridgway’s “ broccoli-

* Genus novum. Type “ Reithrodon” Alstoni, Thos. P. Z. 8. 1880,

. 691.

r The many differences that distinguished #. Alstone from the true

Reithrodons were detailed when the species was described. Further

consideration and much further material render it clear that the Alstonz

group, Sigmodon-like in external appearance, in skull, and in dentition,

should be separated generically from the true LRerthrodon. In distin-

guishing Sigmomys emphasis may be laid on the evenly tapering cranial

outline, the broad short molars, the deep well-defined pterygoid fosse,

and on the number of the mamme, there being, as in Stgmodon, 10 at

least, as against 8 in Reithrodon. Altogether it seems probable that this

form is rather a grooved-toothed Stgmodon than any close relation to

Reithrodon.

+ This species was described on a spirit-specimen from “ Venezuela”

collected many years before by Mr. Dyson. But an excellent series of

skins, agreeing closely with the type, was recently received from Cumana,

so that that may now be looked upon as the typical locality.

Mammals from British Guiana. 151

brown.”” On the rump the buffy becomes rather clearer.

Top of head like back; sides of nose with a distinct buffy-

yellow spot; eyes surrounded by a prominent whitish ring.

Hairs of ears brown externally, yellowish internally, but

without marked contrasts. Under surface soiled whitish or

buffy, not sharply defined, the bases of the hairs slaty, the

tips either white or buffy, the variation in this respect being

considerable, as is also the case in S. Alston’; hairs of throat

and groin whitish to their roots. Front of arms like body,

inner sides whitish; hands and wrists dull whitish; hind

limbs similar in colour, but the inner side of the leg is nearly

or quite naked; fifth hind toe as in S. Alstonz, but little

longer than first, and falling short of the base of the fourth.

Tail about as long as the body without the head, well haired,

brownish above, white below for its whole length.

Skull quite similar to that of S. Alstont in general struc-

ture, but shorter and perhaps rather broader in proportion.

Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) :—

Head and body 133 millim.; tail 95; hind foot, s. u. 25,

Cue 20; ear 19:

Skull: greatest length 32; basilar length 26; greatest

breadth 19; nasals 11°54; interorbital breadth 4:5; palate

from henselion 13°8; diastema 8:2; palatal foramina 7 x 2°4;

length of upper molar series 5:3.

Type. Male. B.M. no. 1. 6. 4. 100. Original number 51.

Killed October 18, 1900.

_ This species is readily distinguished by its shorter skull

and lighter colour from S, Alstonz, to which alone it is allied

and with which it forms a special group.

21. Oryzomys navus messorius, subsp. n.

Six skins and two spirit-specimens.

Close to Oryzomys (Oligoryzomys) navus, Bangs, of which

it appears to form a geographical race.

General colour above grizzled greyish fawn, varying

towards rufous; rump more rufous than back. Face greyer,

Ears comparatively short, but little darker than the general

colour of the head, very different therefore to the blackish

ears of O. fulvescens and costaricensis. Under surface dull

whitish, with scarcely a trace of buffy, not sharply defined

laterally ; the hairs all greyish basally. Hands and feet

white, ‘T’ail short for this group, thinly haired, brown above,

lighter beneath ; not so sharply contrasted as in O. fulvescens,

Skull as usual in this group.

152 Mr. O. Thomas on

Dimensions of the type (measured in the flesh) :—

Head and body 82 millim.; tail 95; hind foot, s. u. 21,

c. u. 22; ear 12°5.

Skull: greatest length 22:5; basilar length 16°4; greatest

breadth 12; length of nasals 8; interorbital breadth 3:6;

palatal foramina 4:1 x2; length of upper molar series 3°].

Type. Female. B.M. no. 1. 6. 4. 97. Collected No-

vember 29th.

This local representative of the Oligoryzomys group seems

to differ from O. navus, the only form which is not geogra-

phically very remote, by its shorter tail and slightly different

colour, and no doubt represents a tenable subspecies. It is

not improbable that O. fulvescens, O. navus, O. costaricensis,

and perhaps other described forms will all prove to be local

subspecies of one widely-spread species.

22. Zygodontomys stelle, Thos.

Twelve skins. 240 and 500 feet. October to December.

Evidently the commonest rat of the region.

23. Proechimys cayennensis, Desm.

Six skins of different ages. 240 and 500 feet. November

and December.

Without topotypes of P. cayennensis I cannot be certain of

the determination of these specimens. They are certainly

very different from the Brazilian forms referred to cayennensis

by Waterhouse, but geographically are likely enough to be

Desmarest’s species. ‘They are of the same rufous group as

P. Cherriet, Uricht, trinitatis, and other north-western species

of the genus.

24, Cavia porcellus guiane, subsp. n.

Four skins of different ages from the Kanuku Mountains,

7th and 8th December, 600 feet, and one from Berbice, on

the coast.

Similar in general characters to the typical Brazilian form,

but much paler and greyer above and less deeply buffy below.

Size, character of fur, &c. as in the typical form, General

colour above grey (near the ‘‘olive-grey” of Ridgway),

heavily grizzled and lined with black, this latter colour pre-

dominating on the posterior dorsal area, while the head, neck,

shoulders, flanks, and rump are of the clearer greyish. ‘The

light constituent of the general grey varies in different speci-

mens from whitish towards buffy. Under surface whitish or

slightly buffy, the bases of the hairs slaty grey ; the usual

Mammals from British Guiana. 153

dark collar of the same grey as the sides. Eyes with

indistinct whitish rings. Ears thinly haired, whitish.

Limbs grizzled grey like body, lightening to nearly white on

the fingers and toes.

Skull and teeth not definably different from those of the

true C. porcellus.

Dimensions of the type :—

Head and body 275 millim.; hind foot, s. u. 43, c. u. 46;

ear 19.

Skull: greatest length 59; basilar length 49; greatest

breadth 35:5; nasals 22x 9; palate 28; diastema 17; length

of molar series (alveoli) 14°5.

Type. Male. B.M.no.1.6. 4.120. Killed 7th December,

1900.

The difference in colour between this Guianan cavy and

the Brazilian one is very considerable, but there is a striking

agreement in other characters.

25. Myrmecophaga jubata, L.

Mount Roraima, 5000 feet.

26. Didelphis marsupialis, L.

Three skins.

There appears to be no difference between these specimens

and skins from the coast-region of Demerara.

In spite of the arguments brought forward by Dr. Allen in

his most recent publication on the subject, I still think that

the Guianan opossum should be regarded as the type form

of Linneus’s D. marsupialis.

The evidence of the sixth edition of the ‘ Systema,’ where

Seba, and Seba only, is quoted, shows what animal Linneus

had in his mind when speaking of D. marsupialis. The

interesting fact, to which Dr. Gill has drawn my attention,

that Linneeus worked under Seba in arranging the latter’s

collection, adds weight to what we find in his works as to the

importance of the Seba collection in the preparation of his.

arrangement of the species of Didelphis.

27. Metachirus opossum, L.

One skin from the Rupununi River, 27th September,

200 feet, and four from the Kanuku Mountains, 300 and 600

feet, November and December.

28. Metachirus nudicaudatus, Geoff.

Two skins, unfortunately both quite young. 6th De-

cember. 600 feet.

154 Mr. O. Thomas on Abyssinian Mammals.

29. Marmosa Klagest, Allen.

Skin. No. 120. 240 feet. 29th October, 1900.

I have fortunately been able to compare this opossum with

one of Dr. Allen’s original specimens from Ciudad Bolivar

brought over by him. Mr. Quelch’s specimen is younger,

and therefore smaller, but there is no difference between the

two which might not be explainable by age. MJ. Robinsont,

Bangs *, is also no doubt closely allied.

This identification is another indication of the faunal affinity

between the Lower Orinoco and the Kanuku Mountains.

— XXII.—List of small Mammals obtained by Mr. A. E. Pease,

M.P., during his recent Hxpedition to Abyssinia, with

Descriptions of Three new Forms of Macroscelides. By

OLDFIELD THOMAS, F.R.S.

In the course of a sporting expedition through Abyssinia

during the past winter Mr. A. H. Pease collected a number of

small mammals which, in addition to some heads and horns

of larger animals, he has been good enough to present to the

National Museum. Among them is a new Macroscelides,

and in describing it I have taken the opportunity to describe

two other members of that genus in the Museum collection.

There are also examples of the rare and interesting species

Dendromys Lovati and Lophuromys flavopunctatus.

1. Macroscelides Peaset, sp. n.

a. &. Hoolul, Abyssinia, 4000 feet. December 2, 1900.

Type (B.M. no. 1. 7. 6. 1). |

Most closely allied to I. pulcher, Thos., but greyer in

colour.

Size and general characters very much as in MZ. pulcher.

Fur about 9-10 millim. in length on the back. General

colour above a soft vinaceous grey, resembling to a certain

extent Ridgway’s “ vinaceous buff,” distinctly paler than in

M. pulcher ; the dorsal area is more vinaceous and the flanks