INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS

1. MATERIAL should be original and not published elsewhere, in whole or in part.

2. LAYOUT should be as follows:

(a) Centred masthead to consist of

Title: informative but concise, without abbreviations and not including the names of new genera or species

Author’s(s’) name(s) y

Address(es) of author(s) (institution where work was carried out)

Number of illustrations (figures, enumerated maps and tables, in this order)

(b) Abstract of not more than 200 words, intelligible to the reader without reference to the text

(d) Introduction : . :

(e) Subject-matter of the paper, divided into sections to correspond with those given in table of contents

(f) Summary, if paper is lengthy

(g) Acknowledgements

(h) References

(i) Abbreviations, where these are numerous

3. MANUSCRIPT, to be submitted in triplicate, should be typewritten and neat, double spaced

with 2,5 cm margins all round. First lines of paragraphs should be indented. Tables and a list of

legends for illustrations should be typed separately, their positions indicated in the text. All

pages should be numbered consecutively.

Major headings of the paper are centred capitals; first subheadings are shouldered small

capitals; second subheadings are shouldered italics; third subheadings are indented, shouldered

italics. Further subdivisions should be avoided, as also enumeration (never roman numerals)

of headings and abbreviations.

Footnotes should be avoided unless they are short and essential.

Only generic and specific names should be underlined to indicate italics; all other marking

up should be left to editor and publisher.

4. ILLUSTRATIONS should be reducible to a size not exceeding 12 x 18 cm (19 cm including

legend); the reduction or enlargement required should be indicated; originals larger than

35 x 47 cm should not be submitted; photographs should be rectangular in shape and final

size. A metric scale should appear with all illustrations, otherwise magnification or reduction

should be given in the legend; if the latter, then the final reduction or enlargement should be

taken into consideration.

All illustrations, whether line drawings or photographs, should be termed figures (plates

are not printed; half-tones will appear in their proper place in the text) and numbered in a

single series. Items of composite figures should be designated by capital letters; lettering of

figures is not set in type and should be in lower-case letters.

The number of the figure should be lightly marked in pencil on the back of each illustration.

5. REFERENCES cited in text and synonymies should all be included in the list at the end of

the paper, using the Harvard System (ibid., idem, loc. cit., op. cit. are not acceptable):

(a) Author’s name and year of publication given in text, e.g.:

‘Smith (1969) describes...’

‘Smith (1969: 36, fig. 16) describes...’

‘As described (Smith 1969a, 19696; Jones 1971)’

‘As described (Haughton & Broom 1927)...’

‘As described (Haughton et al. 1927)...’

Note: no comma separating name and year

pagination indicated by colon, not p.

names of joint authors connected by ampersand

et al. in text for more than two joint authors, but names of all authors given in list of references.

(b) Full references at the end of the paper, arranged alphabetically by names, chronologically

within each name, with suffixes a, b, etc. to the year for more than one paper by the same

author in that year, e.g. Smith (1969a, 19695) and not Smith (1969, 1969a).

For books give title in italics, edition, volume number, place of publication, publisher.

For journal article give title of article, title of journal in italics (abbreviated according to the World list o

scientific periodicals. 4th ed. London: Butterworths, 1963), series in parentheses, volume number, part

number (only if independently paged) in parentheses, pagination (first and last pages of article).

Examples (note capitalization and punctuation)

BULLouGH, W. S. 1960. Practical invertebrate anatomy. 2nd ed. London: Macmillan.

FISCHER, P.—H. 1948. Données sur la résistance et de le vitalité des mollusques. J. Conch., Paris 88: 100-140.

FIsCHER, P.-H., DuvAL, M. & Rarry, A. 1933. Etudes sur les échanges respiratoires des littorines. Archs

Zool. exp. gén. 74: 627-634.

Konun, A. J. 1960a. Ecological notes on Conus (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Trincomalee region of Ceylon.

Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (13) 2: 309-320.

Konun, A. J. 19606. Spawning behaviour, egg masses and larval development in Conus from the Indian Ocean.

Bull. Bingham oceanogr. Coll. 17 (4): 1-51.

THIELE, J. 1910. Mollusca: B. Polyplacophora, Gastropoda marina, Bivalvia. In: SCHULTZE, L. Zoologische

und anthropologische Ergebnisse einer Forschungsreise im westlichen und zentralen Siid-Afrika 4: 269-270.

Jena: Fischer. Denkschr. med.-naturw. Ges. Jena 16: 269-270.

(continued inside back cover)

ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

ANNALE VAN DIE SUID-AFRIKAANSE MUSEUM

Volume 72 ~~ # Band

May 1977 Mei

Part 13 Deel

NEW RECORDS OF MARINE CRUSTACEA

ISOPODA FROM SOUTH AFRICA

BRIAN KENSLEY

Cape Town Kaapstad

The ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

are issued in parts at irregular intervals as material

becomes available

Obtainable from the South African Museum, P.O. Box 61, Cape Town 8000

Die ANNALE VAN DIE SUID-AFRIKAANSE MUSEUM

word uitgegee in dele op ongereelde tye na beskikbaarheid

van stof

Verkrygbaar van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum, Posbus 61, Kaapstad 8000

OUT OF PRINT/UIT DRUK

1, 21, 3, 5-8), 3(1-2, 4-5, 8, t.—p.i.), 5(1-3, 5, 7-9),

6(1, t.—p.i.), 71-4), 8, 91-2, 7), 10(1),

11(1-2, 5, 7, t.—p.i.), 15(4, 5), 24(2), 27, 31(1-3), 33

Price of this part/Prys van hierdie deel

R2,90

Trustees of the South African Museum © _ Trustees van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum

1977

ISBN 0 908407 13 0

Printed in South Africa by In Suid-Afrika gedruk deur

The Rustica Press, Pty., Ltd., Die Rustica-pers, Edms., Bpk.,

Court Road, Wynberg, Cape Courtweg, Wynberg, Kaap

NEW RECORDS OF MARINE CRUSTACEA ISOPODA FROM

SOUTH AFRICA

BRIAN KENSLEY

South African Museum, Cape Town

(With 18 figures)

[MS. accepted 14 December 1976]

ABSTRACT

Fourteen new records of marine isopods from South African waters are provided. These

include one new genus, Arcturinoides, and six new species, Arcturinoides sexpes, Microarcturus

dayi, Munna (Munna) sheltoni, Pleurosignum capensis, Munnopsis bispinosus and Paracantha-

spidia natalensis.

CONTENTS

PAGE

Species list . 239

Systematic discussion 240

Acknowledgements 265

References . 265

SPECIES LIST

Depth

SPECIES Material Locality (metres)

ARCTURIDAE

Antarcturus beliaevi Kussakin 12391022 33°49’S 16°30’E 2500-3000

Arcturinoides sexpes gen. et 635 222 33°58’S 25°42’E 26

sp. nov.

Microarcturus dayi sp. nov. 18 dg 392 33°49’S 18°27’E 9-18

Microarcturus quadriconus 44d 12 33°49’S 18°27’E 9-18

Kensley

Neastacilla tranquilla Kensley 16 34°33’S 24°01’E 130

ANTHURIDAE

Anthelura remipes Barnard 2 29 32°03’S 18°17’E 10

(Off Lambert’s

Bay)

Panathura amstelodami Kensley 233 299 33°13’S 43°51’E 38-46

(Walter’s Shoal)

PARANTHURIDAE

Accalathura indica (Nierstrasz) 12 24°46’S 43°51’E 110

JANIRIDAE

Pseudojanira stenetrioides 13 24°53’S 34°56’E 55

Barnard

239

Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 72 (13), 1977: 239-265, 18 figs.

Substrate

coarse sand and

broken shell

coarse sand and

broken shell

coarse sand and

broken shell

rock

fine sand

calcareous algae

fine grey sand

240 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

Depth

SPECIES Material Locality (metres)

MUNNIDAE

Munna (Munna) sheltoni numerous Sandvlei +1

sp. nov. 3S & PP Estuary

False Bay

Pleurosignum capensis sp.nov. 26466 322 34°18’S 18°39’E 48-183

34°51’S 23°41’E

MUNNOPSIDAE

Munnopsis bispinosus sp. nov. 12 34°16’S 18°14’E 158

ACANTHASPIDIITDAE

Paracanthaspidia natalensis 13 27°14’S 33°22’E 1360

sp. NOV.

SYSTEMATIC DISCUSSION

Family Arcturidae

Antarcturus beliaevi Kussakin

Figs 1-2

Antarcturus beliaevi Kussakin, 1967: 291, figs 42-43.

Description

Substrate

Ruppia weed

fine khaki sand

globigerina

ooze

Female. Head with two pairs submedian dorsal spines, anterior spines

longer. First pereionite with two pairs dorsal spines, one pair lateral spines, coxae

bearing five spines. Second to fourth pereionites similar to first but coxae with

single strong spine. Fifth to seventh pereionites shorter than preceding ones,

each with single pair of dorsal spines and three pairs small lateral tubercles,

coxae with single strong spine. First three pleonites fused, with single pair

dorsal spines each, two or three lateral tubercles, first segment with two pairs

ventral spines. Pleotelson with numerous dorsal spinules; uropods bearing few

scattered spinules. Pereiopods IH to IV with distal spine on merus, ischium,

basis, latter with several more spines on its length. Bases of pereiopods V to

VII also spinose.

Previous records

At Kerguelen in Gaussberg Chain; between Heard Is. and Davis Sea,

1580-1620 m.

Material

SAM-A14989 6 33 TL 29,5 mm to 22,0 mm 33°49’S 16°30’E 2740 m

8 2° TL 29,4 mm to 20,2 mm

2 ovig. 92 TL 34,5 mm 31,0 mm

SAM-A10506 1 3 27,0 mm TL 33°50’S 16°30’E 2500-3000 m

SAM-A14992 5 33 6 92 1 juv. 33°49’S 16°30’E 2740 m

NEW RECORDS OF MARINE CRUSTACEA ISOPODA FROM SOUTH AFRICA 241

Fig. 1. Antarcturus beliaevi 2 lateral view.

Remarks

Kussakin (1967) described this species from four adult males. The only

difference between these males and the present material is that lateral spines

of the anterior four pereionites are better developed in the South African speci-

mens. The female of this species is considerably more spinose than the male,

and to some extent resembles A. floridanus Richardson, from off Florida. Some

differences do exist between the American and the present species. The pleo-

telson of the former is more spinose, bearing more and longer spines. Further,

pereiopods II to IV of the former are strongly spinose, especially the propodi

and carpi. No differences could be detected between the appendages of Kus-

sakin’s holotype description and the present males.

Arcturinoides gen. nov.

Diagnosis

Body dorso-ventrally flattened, non-geniculate. Eyes lateral. Head distinct

from pereionite I. Pleon consisting of two fused but distinguishable segments

plus pleotelson. Palp of third maxilliped with third segment very broad. Pereio-

pod I within ventral rim of head. Pereiopods II and III 5-segmented, setose.

Pereiopod IV absent in g and 9. Remaining pereiopods normal, ambulatory.

Three pairs of oostegites, those of segments II and HI membranous, covered

by broad semicircular strong pair of segment IV, meeting in midline, and

242 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

Fig. 2. Antarcturus beliaevi 3 dorsal view.

completely closing the brood pouch. Penis slender, elongate, apex not divided.

Stylet of pleopod 2 in male longer than rami, apically trifid.

Type-species of the genus: Arcturinoides sexpes sp. Nov.

Arcturinoides sexpes sp. nov.

Figs 3-5

Description

Ovigerous female. Body twice longer than wide, strongly depressed, slightly

raised rounded mid-dorsal ridge. Pereionites I to III increasing in width pos-

teriorly, segment IV largest, twice wider than long, with two median dorsal

rounded processes. Segments V to VII half width or less than segment IV.

Posterior pereion and pleon tapering gently. Pleon consisting of two fused but

distinguishable segments plus triangular pleotelson. Brood pouch situated

beneath segments III and IV, eleven eggs visible through dorsal integument.

Brood pouch formed by three pairs of oostegites, those of segments II and III

thin, membranous, covered by broad semicircular rigid pair of segment IV,

meeting in midline and completely closing pouch.

NEW RECORDS OF MARINE CRUSTACEA ISOPODA FROM SOUTH AFRICA 243

Male. Body three times longer than wide, widest at pereionites II and III.

Eyes lateral, pronounced spine-like rostrum between antennular bases. Body

tapering gently to pleotelson, pleon consisting of two fused but distinguishable

segments plus triangular pleotelson.

Antennule 4-segmented, two basal segments short, fairly broad, two distal

segments elongate, terminal segment bearing two aesthetascs and small cluster

of setae.

Antennal peduncle 4-segmented, two basal segments short, equal in

length; two distal segments subequal in length, slender; flagellum about half

length of last peduncular segment, 3-segmented, with slender terminal spine.

Mandible with tridentate incisor process, 4-dentate lacinia, with three

penicils at its base; molar process broad, setose.

First maxilla with outer ramus broad, curved, with several simple distal

spines inner ramus shorter and narrower than outer, with four setae distally.

Second maxilla inner ramus broad, bearing several plumose setae on

distal margin; both lobes of outer ramus each with two elongate setae.

Fig. 3. Arcturinoides sexpes. a. 9 dorsal view. b. brood pouch in ventral view. c. ¢ dorsal

view. d. ¢ lateral view.

244 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

Maxillipedal endite bearing six plumose setae near inner distal angle, single

coupling hook on inner margin, palp 5-segmented, 3rd segment very broad,

four distal segments with setae on inner margins.

Pereiopod I folded against mouthparts within rim of head and first

pereionite; dactylus with strong claw; propodus bearing numerous fringed

setae; carpus with fringed setae on ventral margin and large fringed spine on

ventrodistal margin.

Pereiopod IV absent.

Pereiopods V to VII similar, stouter and more elongate than preceding

pereiopods, with few short setae on ventral margin.

Penis slender, elongate, apex apparently not divided.

Pleopod 1 unspecialized, basis stout, with three coupling hooks; exopod

Fig. 4. Arcturinoides sexpes. a. Mandible. b. 1st maxilla. c. 2nd maxilla. d. Maxilliped.

NEW RECORDS OF MARINE CRUSTACEA ISOPODA FROM SOUTH AFRICA 245

)

fii}

Fig. 5. Arcturinoides sexpes. a. Antenna. b. Pereiopod VII. c. Antennule. d. Pereiopod II.

e. Pereiopod I. f. Pleopod 1 g. g. Pleopod 2 ¢.

246 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

with kink on outer margin marked by two long plumose setae; both rami

distally truncate/rounded, bearing numerous elongate plumose setae.

Pleopod 2 outer ramus distally rounded, broad; inner ramus slender,

apically truncate; both rami with elongate plumose setae distally; stylet attached

to base of inner ramus almost twice length of inner ramus, distally tridentate.

Uropod with rounded longitudinal ridge running entire length close to midline.

Material

SAM-A15350 Holotype 1 ovig. 2 TL 4,0 mm Allotype 1 ¢ TL 3,8 mm

29°51’S 31°25’E 60 metres

SAM-A15351 1 ovig. 9,4 gg 29°51’S 31°25’E 60 metres

SAM-A15352 1 3 33°58’S 25°42’E 26 metres, coarse sand and broken shell

Remarks

The present material shows strong resemblances to species of Arcturina.

The similarities include the inclusion of pereiopod I within the margin of the

head, pereiopods II and III, and pereiopods V to VII being similar, the basic

plan of the first and second pleopods of the male, the construction of the brood

pouch, and the antennae. (See Kensley 1975: 55.) Several differences, however,

are apparent. They include pereiopod I, which in Arcturinoides is not as flattened

and specialized as in Arcturina; the non-geniculate body; the antennule bearing

one segment more; the inner ramus of the first maxilla bearing four (not three)

distal setae. The most important differences, however, which require the separa-

tion of this species into a new genus, are the absence in both the male and female

of a fourth pair of pereiopods (from which absence the specific name is derived),

and the very expanded condition of the third segment of the maxillipedal palp.

Microarcturus dayi sp. nov.

Figs 6-7

Description

Female. Body very tuberculate, widest at third pereionite. Head with

antero-lateral corner acute, spinose; eyes large, lateral; posterior part convex,

bearing two strong submedian spines. Pereionite I with small coxa; segment II

with triangular coxa directed laterally, numerous apically rounded small

tubercles laterally, two submedian dorsal spines; segment III with large coxae,

submedian dorsal tubercle enlarged into two flattened processes; segment IV

with small blunt coxa and numerous dorso-lateral tubercles; segments V to VII

similar, with small coxae directed postero-laterally. Pleon consisting of two

segments similar to pereionites V to VII plus pentagonal pleotelson; base of

latter bearing medio-dorsal rounded boss armed with strong spine; pleotelson

strongly convex, with numerous small tubercles.

Antennule reaching to end of second antennal peduncle segment,

4-segmented, basal segment broadest, distal segment bearing several aesthetascs

NEW RECORDS OF MARINE CRUSTACEA ISOPODA FROM SOUTH AFRICA 247

Fig. 6. Microarcturus dayi. a. 2 dorsal view. b. d dorsal view. c. 2 lateral view. d. Mandible.

e. Ist maxilla. f. Apex of uropod. g. Pleopod 2 g. h. Penis. i. Maxilliped.

248 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

Fig. 7. Microarcturus dayi. a. Antenna. b. Antennule. c. Pereiopod II. d. Pereiopod I.

e. Pereiopod VII. f. Pleopod 1 3.

NEW RECORDS OF MARINE CRUSTACEA ISOPODA FROM SOUTH AFRICA 249

and setae. Antennal peduncle 4-segmented, basal segment short, second segment

half length of third, latter elongate, slender, equal in length to fourth segment,

flagellum 2-segmented, with terminal claw.

Mandible with 4-dentate incisor process, tridentate lacinia, with two

penicils at base, molar process setose, broad, with slightly dentate margin.

First maxilla with outer ramus bearing several dentate spines; inner ramus

narrower and shorter than outer, with three plumose apical setae.

Maxillipedal palp 5-segmented, third segment broadest and _ longest,

segments with numerous setae; endite broad, outer margin broadly convex.

Pereiopod I shorter than following pereiopods, bearing numerous setae.

Pereiopods II to IV increasing in length posteriorly, three distal segments

slender, elongate, setose.

Pereiopods V to VII stouter than preceding pereiopods, ventral margins

of carpi, meri, and ischia finely setose.

Male. Body elongate, lateral margins more or less parallel. Head and first

pereionite almost indistinguishable, two strong submedian spines present.

Pereionite III lacking enlarged dorsal tubercles found in female. Strong

medio-dorsal spine present at base of pleotelson. Penis with rami united except

at apex; tips diverging.

Pleopod | with outer ramus broader and slightly longer than inner, with

groove bearing setae running almost entire length, ramus distally strongly

convex, groove ending at sub-terminal spout-like process, outer margin bearing

short almost spinose setae; distal margin bearing elongate plumose setae.

Pleopod 2 carrying elongate stylet on base of inner ramus; stylet narrowed

for distal half.

Material

SAM-A15353 Holotype 129 TL7,5mm Allotype 1 ¢ TL 7,0 mm

Paratypes 1 992 17 gd

33°49’S 18°27’E 9-18 metres, coarse sand and shell

Remarks

There is a strong resemblance between this species and M. ornatus Kensley,

1975, from Still Bay, off the south coast. This resemblance lies in the general

tuberculate/spinose nature of both species, the presence of flattened dorsal

tubercles, expanded coxae on the anterior pereionites. The species can be

separated on several points: differences in the shape. of the outlines of the anterior

expanded coxae, the absence of a strong spine at the base of the pleotelson in

M. ornatus, the absence of spinose processes on pereiopods II to IV in M. dayi,

and differences in the proportions and shape of the maxilliped and the stylet

of pleopod 2 of the male.

The species is named for Professor J. H. Day, retired Professor of Zoology,

University of Cape Town.

250 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

Family Paranthuridae

Accalathura indica (Nierstrasz)

Fig. 8

Metanthura indica Nierstrasz, 1941: 247, figs 15-24.

Description

Body elongate, head two-thirds length of pereionite I; latter longer than

following segments; pereionites II to VI subequal, segment VII half length of VI,

with postero-lateral extensions stretching to end-of second pleonal segment.

Six pleonites distinct. Telson lanceolate, with single median statocyst opening

dorsally near base. Head with large eyes, mouthparts modified for piercing and

sucking. Antennae with multiarticulate flagella. Maxillipedal palp 2-segmented,

extending beyond apex of endite. Pereiopod I palm of propodus very gently

convex, with short rounded process at base.

Pereiopods IV to VII elongate, carpi not underriding propodi.

Four pairs of oostegites present.

Fig. 8. Accalathura indica.

NEW RECORDS OF MARINE CRUSTACEA ISOPODA FROM SOUTH AFRICA 251

Previous records

Java Sea, 73 metres.

Material

SAM-A15348 1 ovig. 2 TL 19mm 24°46’S 35°18’E 100 metres.

Remarks

The only difference between Nierstrasz’s specimen and this female would

seem to be the absence of a statocyst in the former. Possibly it was obscured.

There is no reason to separate Metanthura from Accalathura on this slim

difference (see Pillai 1966: 152).

Family Janiridae

Pseudojanira stenetrioides Barnard

Figs 9-10

Pseudojanira stenetrioides Barnard, 1925: 406, fig. Sa—c. Wolff, 1962: 252.

Description

Male. Body oval, strongly convex, finely setose. Head with broadly rounded

rostrum (extension of frontal margin); rostral margin smooth (the apparently

dentate condition of the type may be due to shrinkage of the almost mem-

branous margin). Eyes of twelve ocelli each.

Antennule short, six-segmented, two distal segments tiny.

Maxilla 1 with three stout setae and single short spine at apex of inner

ramus; outer ramus armed with several dentate spines.

Maxilla 2 inner ramus armed with fringed spines and setae; both lobes of

outer ramus each bearing four elongate fringed setae.

Pereiopod I subchelate, dactylus ending in strong claw with seven or eight

dentate spines on inner edge; propodus inflated, broadened distally; outer

angle of palm armed with strong spine, palm armed with eight or nine fringed

spines; outer surface of propodus strongly setose; carpus short, merus with

triangular setose process on dorsal margin; ischium with slightly produced

setose extension; basis with thickly setose area on anterior surface.

Pleopods I basally fused, distally truncate, with outer distal angles some-

what produced, setose.

Previous records

Zululand coast, in coral (eulittoral) 1 9, TL 3 mm.

Material

SAM-A15345 1 ¢ TL 3,0 mm 24°53’S 34°56’E 55 metres, from fine

grey sand

Remarks

The lack of coxae, the completely dorsal sessile eyes, well developed

rostrum, the enlarged propodus of the subchelate first pereiopod, and the form

252 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

of the first pleopods of the male, all demand the maintenance of Pseudojanira

as a valid genus of the Ianiridae.

Fig. 9. Pseudojanira stenetrioides. a. 3 dorsal view. b. Antennule. c. Antennal base.

d. Uropod. e. 1st maxilla. f. 2nd maxilla.

Family Munnidae

Munna (Munna) sheltoni sp. nov.

Figs 11-12

Description

Female. Body almost twice longer than wide, widest at pereionites III and

IV; with dorsal purple blotches and reticulations; gaps between lateral exten-

sions of pereionites II-V, pleotelson with pale cross formed by four dark

NEW RECORDS OF MARINE CRUSTACEA ISOPODA FROM SOUTH AFRICA 253

Fig. 10. Pseudojanira stenetrioides. a. Mandible. b. Pereiopod VII. c. Pleopod 2 3.

d. Pereiopod I. e. Pleopod 1 g. f. Maxilliped.

254 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

g 7 4,

Fig. 11. Munna (Munna) sheltoni. a. 2 dorsal view. b. Ist maxilla. c. 2nd maxilla.

d. Maxilliped. e. Uropod. f. Right mandible. g. Left mandible. h. Pleopod 1 g.

NEW RECORDS OF MARINE CRUSTACEA ISOPODA FROM SOUTH AFRICA 255

Fig. 12. Munna (Munna) sheltoni. a. 2° operculum. b. Pleopod 2 3. c. Pleopod 3 g. d. Antenna

e. Antennule. f. Pereiopod I. g. Pereiopod II. h. Pereiopod VII.

256 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

blotches. Frontal margin straight, eyes large, stalked. Antennule of six segments,

terminal segment half length of penultimate segment. Antennal peduncle of five

segments, distal segment twice length of penultimate segment, flagellum of

about eleven segments.

Maxilla 2 with both lobes of outer ramus tipped with two simple and one

fringed seta.

Maxillipedal palp with three basal segments broad; two coupling hooks

present.

Dactylus of pereiopod I shorter than propodus, tipped with strong claw

and secondary spine; propodus broad, with fine setules on inner margin;

carpus with three stout sensory spines at disto-ventral corner.

Pereiopod II with dactylus and propodus slender, former tipped with two

spines, latter with three sensory spines on ventral margin; carpus twice longer

than wide, with several spines and setae on ventral margin.

Pereiopod VII dactylus with strong claw and secondary spine; propodus

elongate, with numerous slender sensory spines; carpus shorter than propodus.

Operculum hexagonal.

Male. First pleopod rami elongate, distally with short spine on outer angle

acute, distal margin slightly concave.

Second pleopod outer distal margin with fine setules.

Material

SAM-A15347 Holotype 1 ovig. 2 TL 1,4 mm

Allotype 1 §¢ TL 1,2 mm

-+- 100 additional specimens

Sandvlei estuary, Muizenberg, Cape

Remarks

M. sheltoni most closely resembles M. lundae Menzies, 1962, from southern

Chile, but differs in having a relatively broader pereion and pleotelson. Differ-

ences also exist in the spination and shape of the apex of the male first pleopod,

the relative lengths of the antennular segments, and the shape and spination of

the pereiopods. The colour pattern, especially that of the pleotelson, makes this

species easily recognizable.

The material was taken from Sandvlei estuary, at a time when the estuary

was closed to the sea, and the salinity about 9%,. The munnids were very

abundant on the submerged leaves and stems of the water weed, Ruppia. The

species was first collected by P. Shelton of the University of Cape Town, for

whom it is named.

Pleurosignum capensis sp. nov.

Figs 13-14

Description

Female. Body width about two-thirds length (excluding spine-like epimera),

widest at pereionites II] and IV. Head with convex frontal margin between

NEW RECORDS OF MARINE CRUSTACEA ISOPODA FROM SOUTH AFRICA Di

elongate eyestalks, somewhat sunken into pereionite I. All pereionites with

spine-like coxae visible dorsally. Pleon consisting of single short segment and

broadly oval pleotelson, apex of which somewhat produced, rounded. Scattered

setae over dorsal surface of pereion and pleon.

Antennule with two distal peduncle segments of equal length, flagellum of

four short similar articles.

Antennal peduncle 5-segmented, second segment longest, flagellum of

Fig. 13. Pleurosignum capensis. a. 3 dorsal view. b. Left mandible. c. Ist maxilla.

d. 2nd maxilla. e. Maxilliped.

258 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

6 articles. Mandibular molar process digitiform, apically rounded, bearing

short terminal spine and two setae; incisor process armed with five teeth;

lacinia of left mandible with four stout teeth.

First maxilla inner ramus one third width of outer ramus, with two apical

setae, outer ramus with eight curved distal spines.

Second maxilla inner ramus bearing fine setae, two lobes of outer ramus

each with three setae.

Maxillipedal endite with two coupling hooks, five distal setae; palp

5-segmented, second and third segments only slightly narrower than endite.

€

Fig. 14. Pleurosignum capensis. a. Pereiopod I. b. Pereiopod VII. c. Pleopod 1 ¢.

d. Pleopod 2 3. e. Pleopod 3 ¢.

NEW RECORDS OF MARINE CRUSTACEA ISOPODA FROM SOUTH AFRICA 259

Pereiopod I prehensile, dactylus with strong apical spine and three short

spines on inner margin; inner margin of propodus bearing short fringe and

two sensory setae; carpus triangular, disto-ventral corner bearing two recurved

sensory setae; merus short; ischium and basis more elongate.

Pereiopods II to VII similar, slender, elongate.

Male. Pleopod 1 with distal halves of rami separate, with six short setae

at lateral angle of apex.

Pleopod 2 endopod curved, reaching to apex of appendage.

Pleopod 3 inner ramus bearing three elongate plumose setae.

Uropods with peduncle not visible, biramous, dorsal, outer ramus half

length and width of inner ramus.

Material

SAM-A15355 Holotype 1 ovig. 2 TL 1,9 mm 34°17’S 18°39’E 68 metres

SAM-A15356 Allotype 1 9 TL 2,0 mm 34°13’S 18°36’E 48 metres

SAM-A15354 Paratypes 1 ovig. 21 3 34°21’S 18°43’E 81 metres

SAM-A15357 Paratype 1 ovig. 2 34°51’S 23°41’E 183 metres

Remarks

Four species of Pleurosignum must be considered when determining the

status of the present material. P. magnum Vanhoéffen from the Antarctic,

southern Chile, and the Falkland Islands, possesses a too spinose pereiopod I

and pleotelson. P. elongatum Vanhdffen from the Antarctic differs in the body

shape, especially that of the pleotelson, while pereiopod I is also different.

P. lunata (Hale) from the Antarctic appears to lack spinose coxae, the antennule

is much smaller than the antenna, while pereiopod I is not as spinose as the

present species, and pereionite I is very much broader. P. chilensis Menzies

from southern Chile most closely resembles the present species, but the Bpck

of pleopod 1 in the male is narrower, as is the pleotelson.

The specific name is derived from the Cape Province, in whose waters the

species was found.

Family Munnopsidae

Munnopsis bispinosus sp. nov.

Figs 15-16

Description

Female. Head and first four pereionites equal in length to, but at least

twice wider than posterior pereionites and pleotelson together. Front of cephalon

evenly convex between antennal bases, head bearing two strong submedian

dorsal spines near posterior margin. First four pereionites subequal in length,

fourth segment slightly narrower. Pereionites I to IV widening laterally, with

low rounded tubercles. Pereionites V to VII and pleotelson fused, separate

segments difficult to distinguish; pair of submedian dorsal spines on ?sixth

260 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

Fig. 15. Munnopsis bispinosus. a. 2 dorsal view. b. 1st maxilla. c. 2nd maxilla. d. Mandible.

e. Maxilliped. f. Uropod.

segment; three short lateral spines may demarcate posterior pereionites. Pleo-

telson with five pairs lateral spines, most proximal pair largest, pleotelsonic

apex narrowly rounded. Antennule with broadly triangular basal segment,

second segment small, followed by flagellum of two smaller segments and

relatively long segment and sixteen segments of decreasing size bearing single

aesthetascs.

Four proximal segments of antenna present, with two acutely rounded

distal processes on fourth segment.

NEW RECORDS OF MARINE CRUSTACEA ISOPODA FROM SOUTH AFRICA 261

Mandible lacking palp, triangular, apically rounded.

First maxilla outer ramus with ten spines of three types: entire, distally

dentate on one margin, and Y-shaped; inner ramus with single elongate distal

seta and several short fringed setae.

Second maxilla with two lobes of outer ramus slender, elongate, each

bearing four elongate setae finely fringed on one margin; inner ramus basally

broad, tapering distally, with several simple and fringed setae at apex, plus

single elongate simple seta at inner distal angle.

Maxilliped with second and third segments of palp very broad, fourth

and fifth segments small, fourth segment inserted at outer distal angle of third

segment, latter armed medially with nine short spines; endite narrower than

Fig. 16. Munnopsis bispinosus. a. Antennule. b. Pereiopod I. c. Pereiopod II. d. Pereiopod V.

262 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

second or third palp segments, outer distal margins bearing short setae, inner

margin with two coupling hooks.

Pereiopod I ambulatory, shorter than pereiopod II.

Pereiopod II with several sensory spines on ventral margin of propodus,

carpus, merus and ischium.

Pereiopods V to VII similar, but decreasing in size posteriorly, dactyli

lacking; propodi oar-like, with long plumose marginal setae, shorter than

carpus, merus very short, ischium and basis subequal in length.

Uropod uniramous, 2-segmented.

Material

SAM-A15346 Holotype 1 2 TL 5,6 mm

34°16’S 18°14’E 158 metres, from fine khaki sand and

gravel

Remarks

M. bispinosus differs from all nine species described (see Wolff 1962).

In general body shape, this species resembles M. australis Beddard but the latter

lacks pereional spines and tubercles, while pereiopods V to VII are more

slender and elongate.

The species is named for the pair of strong spines on the head.

Family Acanthaspidiidae

Paracanthaspidia natalensis sp. nov.

Figs 17-18

Description

Body one-third longer than wide. Median rostrum tapering slightly,

apically just bifid; lateral margin of head bilobed. Eyes absent. Lateral margin

of pereionite I consisting of single leaf-like extension. Pereionites II to IV with

bilobed lateral margins. Pereionites V to VII lateral margins single flattened

apically rounded lobes; coxal plates barely visible dorsally. Pleon 2-segmented,

first segment tiny, second segment broad, wider than long, with twelve strong

marginal processes.

Antennule consisting of 3 (?4)-segmented peduncle, basal segment broadest,

second segment more elongate, flagellum of 14-15 articles, distal articles bearing

aesthetascs.

Two basal segments of antenna each with external spine-like process,

distal spine articulated.

Mandibles bearing 3-segmented palp, middle segment longest, terminal

segment bearing several setae: incisor process 5-dentate, slender, setal row of

about 12-15 dentate spines and slender setae; molar process relatively elongate,

NEW RECORDS OF MARINE CRUSTACEA ISOPODA FROM SOUTH AFRICA 263

bearing three distal teeth and four or five short fringed setae; lacinia of left

mandible tridentate.

First maxilla with inner ramus bearing one fringed setae and one short

simple seta distally; outer ramus with nine curved and sparsely dentate spines

on distal margin.

Second maxilla with two outer lobes slender, each bearing four fringed

setae/spines distally; inner lobe wider than outer lobes, bearing numerous fine

simple setae plus six dentate spines on inner margin.

Fig. 17. Paracanthaspidia natalensis. a. 3 dorsal view. b. 1st maxilla. c. 2nd maxilla.

d. Right mandible. e. Left mandible.

264 ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

Endite of maxilliped broad, bearing four coupling hooks and eight or nine

short penicils distally, short spine on inner distal margin; palp 5-segmented,

second and third segments broad, two distal segments narrow, numerous setae

on four distal segments.

Pereiopod I ambulatory, relatively elongate, dactylus armed with single

claw and smaller spine at its base.

Pereiopod II similar to I, with single claw.

Fig. 18. Paracanthaspidia natalensis. a. Maxilliped. b. Pleopod 1 g. c. Pleopod 2 ¢.

d. Antennule. e. Pereiopod I.

NEW RECORDS OF MARINE CRUSTACEA ISOPODA FROM SOUTH AFRICA 265

Pleopod | elongate, two halves separate for about a quarter of total length,

distally rounded and carrying several setae.

Pleopod 2 with long slender endopod.

Material

SAM-A15349 1 ¢ Holotype TL 8,0 mm

27°14'S 33°22’E 1360 metres, from globigerina ooze.

(Antennae and uropoda missing; pereiopods I and II

present, remaining pereiopods missing; pereionites HI and

IV damaged.)

Remarks

Although this specimen does not have a single spine-like extension of the

head, but a bifid process, and the dactyli of pereiopods I and II appear to have

a single claw plus a secondary spine rather than two claws, it most closely

resembles Paracanthaspidia mucronata (Menzies & Schultz 1967: 161). P. natal-

ensis differs from this species in the shape of the lateral extensions of the pereio-

nites, and in the number of marginal processes of the pleotelson. The specific

name is derived from Natal, the province in whose waters the species was found.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I am grateful to the staff of the Department of Zoology of the University

of Cape Town for providing much of the material in this report. My thanks

are due to Dr T. E. Bowman and Dr G. A. Schultz for reading the manuscript

and for their useful critical comments.

REFERENCES

BARNARD, K. H. 1925. Contributions to the Crustacean fauna of South Africa. 9. Further

additions to the list of Isopoda. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 20: 381-412.

KENSLEY, B. F. 1975. Marine Isopoda from the continental shelf of South Africa. Ann. S. Afr.

Mus. 67: 35-89.

KUSSAKIN, O. G. 1967. Fauna of Isopoda and Tanaidacea in the coastal zones of the Antarctic

and Subantarctic waters. Biol. Rep. Sov. Antarct. Exped. 3: 220-489.

Menzies, R. J. 1962. The zoogeography, ecology and systematics of the Chilean marine

isopods. Acta Univ. lund. (2) 57: 1-162.

Menzies, R. J. & SCHULTZ, G. A. 1967. Antarctic Isopod Crustacea. II. Families Haplonisci-

dae, Acanthaspidiidae, and Jaeropsidae, with diagnoses of new genera and species.

Antarct. Res. Ser. Wash. 11: 141-184.

NIERSTRASZ, H. F. 1941. Die Isopoden der Siboga-Expedition. IV. Isopoda. Genuina. Siboga

Exped. monogr. 32D: 235-306.

Pirtar, N. K. 1966. Littoral and parasitic isopods from Kerala; Family Anthuridae I.

J. Bombay nat. hist. Soc. 63: 153-161.

Wo FF, T. 1962 The systematics and biology of the bathyal and abyssal Isopoda Asellota.

Galathea Rep. 6: 1-320.

ee ee ee ke ss

= i

¢ \ “

6. SYSTEMATIC papers must conform with the International code of zoological nomenclature

(particularly Articles 22 and 51).

Names of new taxa, combinations, synonyms, etc., when used for the first time, must be

followed by the appropriate Latin (not English) abbreviation, e.g. gen. noy., sp. nov., comb.

nov., Syn. Nov., etc.

An author’s name when cited must follow the name of the taxon without intervening

punctuation and not be abbreviated; if the year is added, a comma must separate author’s

name and year. The author’s name (and date, if cited) must be placed in parentheses if a

species or subspecies is transferred from its original genus. The name of a subsequent user of

a scientific name must be separated from the scientific name by a colon.

Synonymy arrangement should be according to chronology of names, i.e. all published

scientific names by which the species previously has been designated are listed in chronological

order, with all references to that name following in chronological order, e.g.:

Family Nuculanidae

Nuculana (Lembulus) bicuspidata (Gould, 1845)

Figs 14-15A

Nucula (Leda) bicuspidata Gould, 1845: 37.

Leda plicifera A. Adams, 1856: 50.

Laeda bicuspidata Hanley, 1859: 118, pl. 228 (fig. 73). Sowerby, 1871: pl. 2 (figs 8a—b).

Nucula largillierti Philippi, 1861: 87.

Leda bicuspidata: Nicklés, 1950: 163, fig. 301; 1955: 110. Barnard, 1964: 234, figs 8-9.

Note punctuation in the above example: J

comma separates author’s name and year

semicolon separates more than one reference by the same author

full stop separates references by different authors

figures of plates are enclosed in parentheses to distinguish them from text-figures

dash, not comma, separates consecutive numbers

Synonymy arrangement according to chronology of bibliographic references, whereby

the year is placed in front of each entry, and the synonym repeated in full for each entry, is

not acceptable.

In describing new species, one specimen must be designated as the holotype; other speci-

mens mentioned in the original description are to be designated paratypes; additional material

not regarded as paratypes should be listed separately. The complete data (registration number,

depository, description of specimen, locality, collector, date) of the holotype and paratypes

must be recorded, e.g.:

Holotype

SAM-—A13535 in the South African Museum, Cape Town. Adult female from mid-tide region, King’s Beach,

Port Elizabeth (33°51’S 25°39’E), collected by A. Smith, 15 January 1973.

Note standard form of writing South African Museum registration numbers and date.

7. SPECIAL HOUSE RULES

Capital initial letters

(a) The Figures, Maps and Tables of the paper when referred to in the text __

e.g. ‘... the Figure depicting C. namacolus...’; ‘. . . in C. namacolus (Fig. 10)...’

(b) The prefixes of prefixed surnames in all languages, when used in the text, if not preceded

by initials or full names

e.g. DuToit but A.L.du Toit; Von Huene but F. von Huene

e.g. Therocephalia, but therocephalian

Punctuation should be loose, omitting all not strictly necessary

Reference to the author should be expressed in the third person

Roman numerals should be converted to arabic, except when forming part of the title of a

book or article, such as

‘Revision of the Crustacea. Part VIII. The Amphipoda.’ ¢

Specific name must not stand alone, but be preceded by the generic name or its abbreviation

to initial capital letter, provided the same generic name is used consecutively. :

Name of new genus or species is not to be included in the title: it should be included in the

abstract, counter to Recommendation 23 of the Code, to meet the requirements of

Biological Abstracts.