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BULLETIN DU MUSÉUM NATIONAL D'HISTOIRE NATURELLE

3 e série, n° 292, mars-avril 1975, Zoologie 202

Descriptions of a new genus and two new species of Pteromalidae

(Hym., Chalcidoidea)

reared frorn Cynipid (Hymenoptera) galls,

with notes on some other species

by R. R. Askew *

Résumé. - Quatre espèces de Pteromalidae parasites de Cynipides gallicoles sont étudiées

dans cet article. On y décrit le nouveau genre Cecidolampa et son espèce-type, C. barbotini nov.,

obtenue de galles de Pediaspis aceris (Gmehn), ainsi qu’une autre forme, Cecidostiba atra sp. nov.

éclose de cécidies de Plagiotrochus australis (Mayr). Des notes taxonomiques sur Cecidostiba jucun-

dus (Fôrster) et C. geganius (Walker) complètent ce travail.

Abstract. — Four species of Pteromalidae, ail parasitic in Cynipid galls, are discussed.

A new genus and rts single încluded species, Cecidolampa barbotini, sp. n., is described frorn material

reared front galls of Pediaspis aceris (Grnelin), and Cecidostiba atra sp. n. is described front spéci¬

mens obtained frorn galls of Plagiotrochus australis (Mayr). Taxonomie notes on Cecidostiba

jucundus (Forster) and C. geganius (Walker) are included.

A collection of chalcids reared front Cynipid galls in western France, sent to me ira

1971 by F. Barbotin, included specimens of two undescribed species of Pteromalidae,

one of wliicli must be placed in a new genus. Descriptions of these new taxa follow, toge-

ther with notes on sonie allied species.

Cecidostiba atra sp. n.

Female

Head in front dark greenish blue, occipital surface blue-black ; thorax blue-black

propodeum greenish blue ; gaster blackish dorsally with first tergite greenish blue, late-

rally with purple reflections. Antennal scape testaceous ; pedicel and flagellum mainly

sordid testaceous. Coxae and fentora concolorous with thorax ; tibiae quite strongly

infuscate, especially hind tibia and flexor surface of middle tibia ; tarsi sordid testaceous.

Tegulae fuscous. Wings slightly infuscate on dise, venation brown. Length 1.5-1.9 mm.

ITead broader than mesoscutum (19 : 16), in dorsal view 1.8 tintes as broad as long,

* Department oj Zoology, Manchester University, England.

292, 1

406

R. R. ASKEW

temples rounded and less than one fifth as long as eye ; ocelli large, latéral ocelli separa-

ted from orbit by hardly more than their major diameter, POL about 2.7 times OOL ;

Irons slightly protruding in an even curve. Head in front view (fig. 6) 1.19 times as broad

as high ; eyes separated by 1.3 times their height, inner orbits slightly diverging ventrad,

eye hairs short and sparse ; malar space slightly more than one third the height of an eye ;

genae moderately curved, malar sulcus well-defined ; mouth opening ecjual to height of

an eye. Left mandible with three teeth, right with four, the outer tooth on each mandible

inuch the largest. Head moderately strongly rcticulate, piliferous punctures just dis-

cernible on upper face ; clvpeus striate, the striations extending a short distance onto

face and genae, anterior margin incised medially with a small dépréssion above incision.

Antennae subclavate, inserted above ventral edge of eyes, lower edge of toruli slightly

doser to anterior margin of clypeus than to médian ocellus ; seape short, about three-

filths height of eye, not reaching médian ocellus ; combined length of pedicel and flagel-

lum 0.9 times breadth of head ; pedicel about 2.5 times as long as broad ; funicle proximally

hardly as wide as pedicel, distally about twice as wide, anelli transverse, funicle segments

one to four or (ive sub-quadrate, sixth segment and sometimes fifth slightly transverse :

pedicel slightly longer than the two anelli plus the fîrst funicle segment ; cia va about ecjual

in length to last three funicle segments together, 2.3 times as long as broad, apically bluntly

pointed, its sutures straight, a small area of micropilositv on third segment only. Flagel-

lum with hairs decumbent, sensillae not numerous, arranged in a single transverse row

on each segment.

Pronotum in dorsal view short, collar medially rather less than 0.1 times as long as

mesoscutum with a very finely raised anterior margin which is visible only with difliculty,

collar reticulate with a narrow, smooth strip posteriorly, rounded laterally, descending

almost vertically to neck. Mesoscutum 1.4 times as broad as long, strongly rcticulate

and rather dull with piliferous punctures vaguely indicated anteriorly, notauli very shal-

low and hardly extending to middle of sclerite. Thorax in profile strongly arched. Scutel-

lum and axillae with réticulations finer and less strongly raised than on mesoscutum, dull ;

frenum with larger réticulations than rest of scutellum. Scutellum slightly longer than

broad (27 : 25), convex. Dorsellum smooth and shilling, almost vertical and short. Pro-

podeum (fig. 7) medially only one fifth as long as scutellum ; médian carina absent, a rather

deep fovea présent basally on either side of nucha laterad of which the plicae are indicated,

plicae fading anteriorly into broadly raised ridges which run to anterior of sclerite ; médian

area strongly rcticulate, not very shining ; spiracles quite large, separated from metano-

tum by less than their diameter; spiracular sulcus moderately deep; callus finely reticu¬

late anteriorly, smooth and shining posteriorly, sparselv hairy, postero-lateral corners

broadly rounded, supracoxal flanges narrow ; nucha represented by a narrow, almost

smooth strip. Prepectus small, reticulate. Mesepisternum with a smooth, triangular

area below base of hindwing, sides of thorax otherwise reticulate and rather dull. Hind

coxae dorsally bare ; hind tibia with single apical spur ; legs rather short, hind fémur

only about three times as long as broad, hind tibia about 4.5 times as long as its apical

breadth.

Forewing twice as long as broad, extending beyond apex of gaster ; costal cell with

a short line of hairs apically on uppersurface, undersurface with one complété row of hairs

and numerous scattered hairs ajhcally and a few basally ; basal cell closed below in ajiical

408

R. R. ASKEW

quarter, some scattered hairs on uppersurface in distal third in addition to those on basal

vein ; spéculum open below, on uppersurface not extending much beyond base of margi¬

nal vein ; dise rather densely hairy ; ratio of lengtbs of veins, submarginal : marginal :

stigmal : postmarginal as 43 : 22 : 16 : 23 ; stigmal vein straight, stigma rather large, cir-

cular, separated from anterior margin of wing by rather more than twice its height.

Gaster ovate, twice as long as broad, rather longer than head and thorax combined,

rather narrower than thorax (11 : 12) ; petiole smooth, short and very transverse ; lirst

tergite occupying about one quarter of total length of gaster ; posterior margins of tergites

alrnost straight ; first tergite smooth, posterior tergites with some weak, alutaceous sculp¬

ture ; apices of ovipositor sheaths visible in dorsal view ; tip of hypopygium situated about

half way along gaster.

ale : Unknown.

Matkrial studied

Holotype $. France : Charente, Cognac. Reared from gall of Plagiolrochus australis

(Mayr) (= Dryocosmus australis) (Hym., Cynipidae) on Quercus species, between J une

and August, 1969, in first year of gall (F. Barbotin). Paratvpes, 10 ÇÇ. Saine data

as holotype.

The holotype and two paratypes will be deposited in the Muséum national d’Histoire

naturelle, Paris, and two paratypes in the British Muséum (Nat. Ilist.). The remainder

are retained in the author’s collection.

Other chalcids reared by Dr Barbotin from the same collection of galls were 18 $$

Eurytoma brunniventris Ratzeburg, 2 ÇÇ Ormyrus punctiger Westwood, 1 $ Torymus aura-

lus (Fourerov), and 1 q I $ Eupelmus urozonus Dalman.

The new species runs to Cecidostiba in Giiaham’s (1969) key to généra of Pteromalinae,

although not easily because of its very weakly margined pronotal collar. There is some

resemblance to Sturovia in the dark colouration of body and legs, and in the relatively short

marginal vein, but the propodeal structure and incised clypeus are characteristic of Ceci¬

dostiba. In Cecidostiba, C. atra is allied to hilaris (Walker) and adana Askew by the inci¬

sed clypeus and roundish stigma, but it differs from these species in its weakly margined

pronotal collar and blue-black colouration. The only other species with a bluish thorax

is jucundus (Fôrster) (see below) but this differs from atra in many characters, such as in

having a distinct fuscous cloud on the forewing, entire clypeal margin and in the forewing

spéculum being closed below.

Cecidostiba jucundus (Forster)

Ail rearing records of C. jucundus suggest that it is restricted to attacking hosts in

galls of the Cynipid Pediaspis on Acer. Graiiam (1969) synonymised jucundus with C.

docirnus (Walker), but conspecificity seemed unlikely since Walker (1839) described his

Pteromalus docimus from a male captured ‘ near London ’ and Pediaspis is not represented

NEW GENUS AND TWO NEW SPECIES OF PTEROMALIDAE

409

in the British fauna. Examination of the type of docimus in the British Muséum (Nat.

Hist.) confirmed that it is not the same as jucundus but appears to be a form of C. semi-

fascia (Walker). It has extensive bronze-purple colouration on the thoracic dorsum and

an unusually hairy forewing basal cell (both features présent to a lesser degree in some

males of semifascia in my own collection), but the forewing spéculum is open below and

the pronotal collar distinctly margined as in typical semifascia. The male of C. jucundus

is distinctly bine (not bronze-purple) on the thorax, the hind tibiae are clear, pale yellow

(testaceous with some basal infuscation in semifascia), the forewing spéculum is closed

below, the pronotal collar is indistinctly margined and, in comparison with semifascia

lhe eyes are slightly larger and the antennal funicle segments shorter, five and six being

quadrate or slightly transverse (ail at least slightly longer than broad in semifascia).

Cecidostiba geganius (Walker)

The species redescribed (Askew, 1961) under this name from material reared from

galls of Andricus quercusradicis (F.) (Hym., Cynipidae) collected in England and France

is the same as Rhizomalus cupreus Boucek, 1972, a synonymy confirmed by examination

of paratypes of R. cupreus in the British Muséum (Nat. Hist.).

CECIDOLAMPA gen. n.

Head and thorax finely and densely reticulate with piliferous punctures visible, llead

only slightly hroader than mesoscutum ; occiput not margined ; genae without a hollow ;

clypeus striate, its anterior margin entire ; lower face not protubérant ; both mandibles

with three teeth ; antennal insertion high, distinctly above lower edge of eyes, antennal

formula 11353, antennae rather short, clavate, sensillae in a single transverse row on each

funicle segment, clava with sutures not oblique, micropilosity on third segment ojdy.

Pronotum very short, collar not margined or medially only very weakly and irregu-

larly so, in dorsal view rounded laterallv and not forming shoulders. Notauli incomplète,

hardly traceable to middle of mesoscutum. Scutellum with frenum ill-defined. Propo-

deum medially very short, its médian area very transverse and strongly arched in trans¬

verse axis, mostly smooth and shining ; plicae represented only at sides of anterior foveae

and médian carina only vaguely indicated ; nucha very short, smooth ; spiracular sulci

shallow, spiracles short-oval separated from metanotum by almost their own length ;

callus sparsely hairy. Prepectus small, triangular, weakly reticulate. Mesepisternum

with a large smooth area below hase of hind wing. Hind coxa dorsally bare ; hind tibia

with one spur. Forewing with line of hairs on basal vein and scattered hairs on upper

surface of distal half of basal cell ; spéculum of moderate size ; dise of wing rather sparsely

hairy ; marginal vein shorter and hroader than postmarginal vein ; stigma moderately

large, rectangular.

Female gaster lanceolate, much longer than rest of body ; apices of ovipositor sheaths

visible in dorsal view; lip of hypopygium situated about half way along gaster; petiole

very short, transverse, smooth.

410

R. R. ASKEW

In Graham’s (1969) key to généra of Pteromalinae the female of Cecidolampa might

run to Lampoterma Graham if its striate and not reticulate clypeus is ignored. Resemblance

to Lampoterma seems, however, only to be superficial and the two généra are easily dis-

tinguished :

Cecidolampa gen. n. : Latéral ocelli separated froni orbits Gy hardly more than their

long diameters ; proximal funicle segments longer than broad ; antennal clava much shorter

than three preceding funicle segments together ; forewing stigma large, upper surface

of costal cell bare ; sculpture of thoracic dorsum fine but strong.

Lampoterma Graham : Latéral ocelli separated from orbits by over twice their long

diameters ; funicle segments transverse ; antennal clava at most otdy very slightly shorter

than three preceding funicle segments together ; forewing stigma small, upper surface

of costal cell with some hairs apically ; sculpture of thoracic dorsum weakly-raised, shining.

In rnany respects Cecidolampa resembles Cecidostiba Thomson. The short propodeum,

presence of piliferous punctures on the mesoscutum, large stigma and tendency towards

pilosity of the basal cell are ail characters suggestive of Cecidostiba. Cecidolampa difîers

from Cecidostiba, however, in some fondamental characters and affinity between the two

généra cannot be very close. The fîve-segmented funicle and Iridentate right mandible

are not found in Cecidostiba, and the high antennal insertion and poorly-defined pronotal

collar in Cecidolampa also indicate a rallier wide séparation of these two généra.

Cecidolampa barbotini sp. n.

Female

Head and thorax green with some bronze to purplish reflections. Antennal scape

and pedicel testaceous; flagellum testaceous below, somewhat fuscous above. Coxae conco-

lorous with thorax ; femora broadly fuscous medially, only weakly metallic ; tibiae and

tarsi pale testaceous, hind tibia sometimes alrnost white ; tarsal claws fuscous. Tegulae

testaceous. Forewing with an elongated, fuscous streak beneath stigma, sometimes poorly-

developed or absent ; venation sordid testaceous. Length 2.3-2.6 mm.

Head slightly broader than mesoscutum (16 : 15), in dorsal view (fig. I) 1.8 limes

as broad as long, temples rounded and hardly one fifth as long as an eye ; ocelli large,

latéral ocelli separated from orbit by hardly more than their major diameter, POL about

3.5 times OOL ; frons protruding in an even curve so that antennal toruli are just visible.

Head in front view (fig. 5) about 1.35 times as broad as high ; vertex quite strongly eleva-

ted ; eyes separated by 1.2 times their height, inner orbits slightly diverging ventrad, eye

hairs short and sparse ; malar space nearly 0.4 times height of an eye ; genae converging,

only slightly curved, malar sulcus poorly-defined ; mouth opening equal to height of an

eye. Both mandibles with three teeth, the inner tooth obliquely truncate. Head fmely

but strongly reticulate, piliferous punctures discernible on upper face ; clypeus striate,

the striae scarcely extending onto the face, anterior margin smooth and truncate.

Antennae (fig. 3) inserted far above ventral edge of eyes, lower edge of toruli about

mid-way between médian ocellus and anterior margin of clypeus ; scape not quite three-

quarters the height of an eye, alrnost reaching to vertex ; combined lengths of pedicel

NEW GENUS AND TWO NEW SPECIES OF PTEROMALIDAE

411

and flagellum distinctly shorter than breadth of head (36 : 43) ; pedicel slightly more than

twice as long as broad ; funicle proximally more slender than pedicel, distally wider, first

and second funicle segments longer than broad, third to fifth subquadrate ; pedicel about

as long as the three anelli plus first funicle segment together ; clava much broader than

funicle, 1.5 times as long as broad and considerably shorter than the three distal funicle

segments together, apically rounded with a small patch of micropilosity ventrally on third

segment. Flagellum with short, decumbent hairs.

Pronotum in dorsal view extremely short, collar medially only 0.03 times as long as

mesoscutum, unmargined and wholly reticulate, descending steeply to neck. Mesoscutum

1.5 times as broad as long, finely but strongly reticulate, some pilifcrous punctures visible

arnongst the réticulation. Thorax in profile quite strongly arched. Scutellum and axil-

lae more finely and less strongly reticulate than mesoscutum. Scutellum about as broad

as long, quite strongly convex in both axes. Dorsellum a curved, horizontal ridge, reti¬

culate and shilling. Propodeum medially scarcely one sixth (sometimes less) as long as

scutellum ; médian carina represented by a slightly elevated triangle ; plicae weak and

elfaced posteriorly ; médian area virtually smooth, shilling ; postero-laterally rounded

with very narrow supra-coxal flanges.

Forewing (fig. 2) twice as long as broad, not quite reaching to apex of gaster ; costal

cell bare on upper surface, its lower surface with one complété hair row and two incomplète

rows in distal third ; basal cell open below but with basal vein hairy and a few additional

hairs distally on upper surface ; spéculum open below, on upper surface extending to stig-

mal vein ; ratio of lengths of veins submarginal : marginal : stigmal : postmarginal as 70 :

35 : 27 : 40 ; stigmal vein slightly curved ; stigma quite large, separated from anterior mar-

gin of wing by three times its height.

Gaster 1.2 to 1.4 times as long as rest, of body, compressed laterallv and much narro-

wer than thorax ; tergites with apical margins almost straight, the first tergite smooth

dorsally, the remainder with weak, alutaceous sculpture strongest on the posterior tergites ;

ovipositor sheaths exserted to a length exceeding width of liind tibia.

Male

Differs from female as follows : head and thorax more bronze-green ; legs paler with

femora less heavily infuscate, the front femora entirely pale ; forewing lacking fuscous

streak beneath stigma. Length 1.2-1.9 mm. Antenna (fig. 4) subfiliform, third anellus

large, sometimes slightly longer than broad ; pedicel and flagellum together almost equal

to breadth of head ; hairs on flagellum rather more numerous and outstanding than in female.

Propodeum and dorsellum longer in dorsal view, propodeum about one third as long as

scutellum. Gaster about as long as thorax plus propodeum, 2.2 times as long as broad,

broadly rounded apically with a strong ventral plica.

Material studied

Idolotype $. France : Charente, Forêt de Tusson. Reared from gaiI of Pediaspis

aceris (Gmelin) (Hym., Cynipidae) on Acer (F. Barbotin). Paratypes, 36 and 43

saine data as holotype.

The holotype and four paratypes will be placed in the Muséum national d’Histoire

412

R. R. ASKEW

naturelle, Paris, four paratypes will be deposited in the British Muséum (Nat. Hist.), and

the remaining paratypes are retained in the author’s collection.

Dr Barbotin sent me the material of Cecidolampa barbotini in 1971. Other chal-

cids reared together with the new species from the same collection of galls were 176 (JcJ

117 ÇÇ Eurytoma sp. nr brunniventris, 4 <§£ 3 ÇÇ Eupelmus urozonus, 57 37 ÇÇ E.

splendens Giraud, about 1000 (sex ratio about even) Dichatomus acerinus (Giraud), and

14 3 Cecidostiba jucundus (Ratzeburg) (see above).

REFERENCES

Askew, R. R., 1961. — Some biological notes on the Pteromalid (Ilym., Chalcidoidea) généra

Caenacis Fôrster, Cecidostiba Thomson and llcbbya Delucehi, with descriptions of two

new species. Entomophaga, 6 : 57-67.

Boucek, Z., 1972. — On European Pteromalidae (1 fymenoptera) : a révision of Cleonymus, Euno-

tm and Spaniopus, with descriptions of new généra and species. Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist.,

Entomology, 27 : 265-315.

Graham, M. W. R. de V., 1969. — The Pteromalidae of north-western Europe (Hymenoptera :

Chalcidoidea). Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Ilist., Entomology, suppl. 16 : 1-908.

Walkeb. F., 1839. — Monographia Chalciditum. London, 1 : 333 p.

Manuscrit déposé le 18 [écrier 1974.

Bull. Mus. natn. Hist. nat., Paris, 3 e sér., n° 292, mars-avril 1975,

j Zoologie 202 : 405-412.

Achevé d’imprimer le 19 juillet 1975.

IMPRIMERIE NATIONALE

5 504 001 5

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