CURTIS’S |

BOTANICAL MAGAZINE;

Flower Garden Displayed:

In which the most Ornamental Fore1en Pants cultivated in the Open Ground,

the Green-House, and the Stove, are accurately represented and coloured.

To which are added,

THEIR NAMES, CLASS, ORDER, GENERIC AND SPECIFIC CHARACTERS,

ACCORDING TO THE SYSTEM OF LINNZUS;

Their Places of Growth, Times of Flowering, and most approved

Methods of Culture.

CONDUCTED

By SAMUEL CURTIS, F. L. S.

THE DESCRIPTIONS

By WILLIAM JACKSON HOOKER, L. L. D.

F.R. A.and L. S. and Regius Professor of Botany in the University

of Glasgow.

VOL. V. &

OF THE NEW SERIES;

Or Vol. Lv 1it. of the whole Work.

Embellit les objets ; tantdt leur déclin yea

Aux objets fugitifs préte un charme q

Le ceeur vole au plaisir que l’instant a produit, DUT 22 194)

Et cherche a retenir le plaisir qui s’en

LONDON :

Printed by Edward Couchman, 10, Throgmorton Street ;

FOR THE PROPRIETOR, SAMUEL CURTIS,

AT THE

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Also by Sherwood, Gilbert, & Piper, 23, Paternoster Row; J. & A. Arch, Cornhill; Treuttel & Wartz:

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1831,

TO HIS GRACE

JOHN, DUKE OF BEDFORD, &c. &c.

A NOBLEMAN

NO LESS DISTINGUISHED FOR HIS PRIVATE

THAN HIS PUBLIC VIRTUES,

AND WHO, BY THE VARIOUS SPLENDID WORKS WHICH HE HAS

FOSTERED, PATRONIZED AND PUBLISHED,

HAS EMINENTLY

DESERVED WELL ‘OF BOTANY AND THE ARTS,

THE PRESENT VOLUME

Is DEDICATED,

BY HIS FAITHFUL

AND VERY OBEDIENT HUMBLE SERVANT,

W. J. HOOKER.

GLascow, Dec. 1, 1831.

5039.

Pub by 8. Curtis, Walworth, Jan 21831

( 3039 )

HeEpycHIUM FLAVUM. LARGE Y ELLOW-

FLOWERED HEpDYCHIUM.

RRR KKK KER KE KKK KEKE EEK

Class and Order.

Monanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Scrraminesw. Br. )

Generic Character.

Anthera duplex, stylum amplectens. Filamentum lon-

gum, gracile, antheram in apicem sustinens ligamento

flexili dorso affixo. Capsula 3-locularis. Semina nume-

rosa, arillata. Rosc.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Hepycutum flavum ; foliis lato-lanceolatis, spica terminali

imbricata, bracteis subquadrifloris, corolla, laciniis

duabus interioribus linearibus, labello obcordato apice

profunde retuso. Roxb. ,

Hepycuiom flavum*. Roxb. Fl. Ind. v.1. p. 81. (cum nota

Wallichii ad caleem pagine 82). Lodd. Bot. Cab.

t. 604. Spreng. Syst. Veg. v.1. p. 9. cur, post. p. 6.

Rose. Pl. Scit. eum ic.

Descr. Roots exceedingly large and thick. Stems seve-

ral, thick, four to five feet high, at the bottom fully an inch

in diameter, slightly compressed upwards, and there, as

well as on the rib of the leaves, furnished, though scantily, —

with long, appressed, deciduous hairs. Leaves very large,

elliptical, twelve to fourteen inches long, as broad as one’s

hand, nearly sessile on their sheaths, sides bent down, up-

per

* Not of Sims in Botanical Magazine, t, 2378, which is Hep. flavescens. —

(Wall)

VOL. V. B.

per surface glabrous, pale beneath ; the lowermost leaves

shorter. Sheaths ample, with a membranous margin, ele-

gantly lineated, and having a large, obtuse, appressed

ligule. Spike terminal, large, shorter than the uppermost

leaves, consisting of loosely imbricated, coriaceous, broad,

ovate, smooth, four-flowered bracteas, each about three

inches long; imner bracteas thin and membranaceous,

much smaller than the outer ones. Flowers very large ;

orange-coloured, highly fragrant. Calyx two inches long,

oblong at the upper end, subventricose and split on one

side, mouth bearded, entire. Tube of the Corolla cylindri-

cal, two inches and a half long, double the length of the

calyx ; limb spreading ; exterior lacinie linear, acute,

loosely patent, about fourteen lines long; imner two (or

lateral ones) cuneate, unguiculate, rather shorter than the

outer ones, but their apex much broader than those, short-

ly clawed. Lip very large, roundish, retuse, lateral mar-

gins sometimes notched, an inch and a half in diameter,

furnished with a short, broad claw. Filament divaricate,

thick, semicylindrical, orange-coloured, equalling in length

the inner petals, rather, though very little, shorter than the

lip. Anther oblong, thick, fleshy, half an inch long, with

a sagittate, bilobate base, the lobes of which are slenderish.

Ovary thick, ovate, obscurely triangular, shining, smooth :

Style filiform, pallid, with the usual two short, yellow bodies

at its base (within the tube) : Stigma rather large, clavate,

compressed, transverse, obtuse and convex, greenish-yellow, —

villous. Wallich.

The present is one among many fine plants, for speci- |

mens and drawings of which I have again to acknowledge

myself indebted to W. 'T. Arron, Esq. A root of Hepy- —

cuium flacum was brought by Dr. Watuicu from India, in

August, 1828, and presented by the Hon. the East India

Company to Kew Gardens, where it produced its magnifi- _

cent blossoms in the same month of the present year.

The specimen was received through Dr. Wanucn, and

that most ‘enlightened and most liberal of Botanists, not- —

withstanding his numerous and important engagements, —

has been so kind as to draw up the above account of it for _

me, although there is already an accurate description in —

Flora Indica ; partly, as he says, because he never saw

the 8 in such perfection before, as it was produced —

at Kew, and partly, because it seems possible, that the

roots may have been derived from the mountains on the

Trawaddi, —

{rawaddi, in the Burma country, where he collected some;

whereas, the specimens described in Flora Indica came

from Sylhet.

Dr. Watticu’s note in the Flora Indica is as follows :

In January, 1816, I received roots of this most charm-

ing species from Mr. Smrru, at Sylhet, which produced

blossoms in the Botanic Garden, during October of the

following year. It differs from H. coronarium, in regard

to its flowers, which are about one-third smaller, having

the inner segments of the corolla linear-clavate, the fissure

of the lip narrow, with straight sides, and its base con-

tracted into a linear claw. They partake not only of

the yellow colour of those of Micuet1a Champaca, but

possess even the peculiar fragrance of the latter, only in

a less powerful, and therefore, more grateful degree. In

stature and leaves both species are alike.”

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Style and Stigma.—Naé, size.

D? 6revilledei*

Pub by § Curtis, Walworth, Jan’ 11851.

( 3040')

ALSTROEMERIA PALLIDA. PALE-FLOWERED

ALSTROEMERIA.

KEKE REE EE EEE EEE EEE

Class and Order.

Hexanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Amary.uipE. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium corollaceum, subcampanulaceum, sexparti-

tum, irregulare ; laciniis duabus (vel-tribus) interioribus

basi tubuloso-conniventibus. Stam. 6, laciniis inserta,

demum declinata. Stigma trifidum. Capsula trilocularis,

loculis polyspermis.—Caulis erectus, scandens aut volubilis,

JSoliatus. Flores umbellati. : Kunth.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Arstramerria pallida; caule erecto-flaccido, foliis lanceo-

lato-linearibus denticulatis subamplexicaulibus, peta-

lis exterioribus obovatis lateralibus latioribus, interio-

ribus longioribus lanceolatis, pedunculis unifloris.

ALSTROEMERIA pallida. Graham in Edin. Phil. Journ. v.

14. p. 345.

Descr. Stem simple, slender, flaccid, round, as well as

the leaves glauco-pruinose, several rising from the same

root. Leaves scattered, sessile, half-stem-clasping, spar-

ingly denticulate, lanceolato - linear, flat above, keeled

behind, and with several parallel ribs, of which one on each

Side is stronger than the others. Flowers umbellate. Pert-

anth of six unequal segments, attenuated, succulent, and

channelled and nectariferous at the base; four outer seg-

ments of an uniform, very pale rose colour, much reticu-

lated, nearly of equal length, obovate, the lowest the

harrowest and most pointed, and much the least ed ,

| | o

at the base, the two lateral ones the largest, denticulated, all

slightly acuminated in the middle, the two inner segments

longer than the others, lanceolate, having denticulate wings

towards their bases, of the same colour as the outer seg-

ments at their apices, lower down being marked with red-

dish veins, above the middle on a yellow, below it on a

pink ground, at the lower part of which there are a few

oblong orange spots. Stamens six ; filaments as long as

the outer segments of the perianth, and of a similar colour,

flattened, at the base triangular, and glanduloso-pubescent,

twisted when decaying : anthers erect, large, cordate, flat-

tened, mucronulate : pollen pale brown, discharged in the

same way as in the other plants of this Genus. Stigmas

three, revolute, pink: style three-cornered, tapering upwards

from its greenish, persisting base ; colourless below, becom-

ing pink towards the stigmas: Germen as in A. pelegrina.

This remarkably beautiful species, the colours of whose

inflorescence harmonize together more than in any other

cultivated Atstramertia, blossomed first in the collection

of Mr. Nest, at Canonmills, in July, 1829. Graham.

_ I am indebted to Dr. Grevitie for the drawing here

figured.

Pub by $ Curtis, Walworth, Jan” 1.1831.

( 3041 )

GESNERIA BULBOSA. BULBOUS-ROOTED

GESNERIA.

She he ee eS ee a

Class and Order.

Dipynamia ANGIOSPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Gesneriz. Rich. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-partitus (plerumque germini adnatus). Cor. tubu-

loso- campanulata, limbo bilabiato ; labio superiore bi-,

inferiore trifido. Stigma bilobum. Capsula bilocularis,

bivalvis, placentis parietalibus.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Gesneria * bulbosa ; pubescenti-tomentosa, foliis oppositis

7 cordato-ovatis crenato-serratis, panicula terminali, co-

rollz labio superiore longissimo bifido recto, inferiore

minuto reflexo.

GesneriA bulbosa. Ker in Bot. Reg. t. 343. Spreng.

Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 839. |

Descr. Root, or rather root-stalk, a rounded, large tuber.

Stem erect, herbaceous, downy, simple, in our plant two to

three feet high. Leaves opposite, shortly petioled, cordato-

ovate, downy, especially beneath, glaucous-green. Panicle

terminal, of many large and splendidly-coloured scarlet

Jlowers. Bractee cordate. Calyx five-cleft, the segments

short, linear, subulate. Corolla three inches long, tubular,

enlarged upward, contracted just below the base, the very

base five-lobed, and remarkably inflated, orange re

eee

_ * Named in honour of Conran Gesner, a celebrated Phy: sician and Botan a

ist, and a native of Switzerland. vs ee ES

while the rest of the corolla is of a bright scarlet, clothed

with a fine down. Stamens inserted near the base of the

corolla: Filaments arched upwards and meeting, so that

their anthers form a cross. Germen more than half su-

perior, downy. Style shorter than the stamens. Stigma

obtuse.

This fine plant is a native of Brazil, and was, we believe,

first introduced to the stoves of our gardens by Mr. Cuam-

BERLAYNE, our late Consul at Rio Janeiro, who also brought

into notice the beautiful Bienonia that bears his name.

It has since been imported through other channels, and is

now, probably, not uncommon. ‘The specimen here figur-

ed, bloomed in the Glasgow Botanic Garden, in the spring

of 1830. J.T. Mackay, Esq. has also lately sent us fine

te Saag specimens from the College Botanic Garden,

ublin.

Fig. 1. Calyx and Pistil, slightly magnified.

Pub by S.Curh’s Walworth. Jan? LISSL.

WJH del?

( 3042 )

SPHENOGYNE CRITHMIFOLIA. SamPIRE-

LEAVED SPHENOGYNE.

EERE EEKEEEEEEEEREREERE

Class and Order.

SyneenesiA Potyeamia FRustranea.

( Nat. Ord.—Composirz. )

Generic Character.

Receptaculum paleis distinctis. Pappus paleaceus, sim-

plex. Stigmata apice dilatato subtruncato. Calyx imbri-

catus : squamis intimis (omnibusve) apice dilatato scarioso.

Brown.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Spuenoeyne crithmifolia. Brown in Hort. Kew. ed. 2. ».

Ursinia crithmifolia. Spreng. Syst. Ve eget. v. 3. p. 609.

Descr. Stem woody, short, much branched ; branches red,

erect. Leaves erect, once, or rarely twice, pinnatifid, fleshy,

channelled both above and below, as well as the branches

glanduloso-verrucose, shining ; segments ascending, subu-

late, each terminated by a slighly hooked mucro. gees

: eae

i we

_ * From com, a wedge, aid fh, a female. Sir James E. Smrra supposes

in allusion to the wedge-shaped Stigma. =

cles terminal, erect, very long, single flowered, having

many slender grooves, and one or two subulate bracteas.

Anthodium nearly globular, when in bud glabrous, coloured,

inner scales blunt, scariose, slender, coloured at the apex,

outer ones subulate, keeled, and reddish brown. Flowers

(above three-fourths of an inch long, one inch across)

rather handsome, yellow. Florets of the ray neuter, nu-

merous, erect, subplicate, orange-red on the outside, and

sprinkled with shining dots, yellow within, elliptical, atten-

uated at the base, and there distant; twbe short, including

the rudiments of a style, three-toothed at the apex. Florets

of the disk very short, yellow, erect, regular, terminating in

five blunt. teeth, and furnished with small, erect, crystalline,

glandular pubescence on the outside. Stamens subex-

serted, yellow. Pustil rather longer than the stamens;

Style cleft, revolute ; Germen woolly at the base: Pappus

marginate, lobed. Receptacle covered with carinate, chafly

scales, which are shorter than the florets of the disk.

‘We received this plant from Kew as a species of Arc-

rotis, native of the Cape of Good Hope. It requires the

protection of a greenhouse during Winter, and flowers

freely in the open air during the month of July. Granam.

Fig. 1. Central Floret with its accompanying Scale. 2. Floret of the

Ray.— Magnified.

Wide?

. Pub by §. Curtis Walworth, Jan” 1.1831 Swan St

( 38043 )

UrENA LOBATA. ANGULAR-LEAVED

URENA.

KK KKK EEE KEK KEKE KEK KEE

Class and Order.

MonapetpeutA Ponyanpris.

( Nat. Ord—Matvaces. )

Generic Character.

Calyx cinctus involucello 5-fido, nempé foliolis 5 ad me-

dium coalitis. Anthere in apice tubi staminei. Carpella

capsularia 5, conniventia, l-sperma, extus aculeis apice

radiatis sepissime echinata.—Folia subtus in nervis sepius

glandulosa. os

Specific Character and Synonyms. =

Urena * lobata ; foliis subrotundis obtusissime 3—5-lobis,

subtus precipua molliter velutinis 3—5-nerviis uni-

glandulosis, laciniis calycinis oblongo-lanceolatis.

Urena lobata. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 974. Willd. Sp. Pl. v.

3. p. 800. Cav. Diss. 6. p. 336. t. 185. f. 1. Ait.

Hort. Kew. ed. 2. 0. 4. p. 222. De Cand. Prodr. v.

1. p. 441. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 3. p. 96. +

Ail. Pl. Us. Brasil. t. 56. | as. ee

Urena sinica, xanthii facie. Dill. Hort, Elth. Pp. 340. c

319. f. 412. ‘

Descr. A shrub, from two to four feet high, every where

downy. Leaves alternate, roundish, three to five-lobed,

and about as many nerved, the upper ones less divided,

green, below very downy and almost white, having at the

very base just above the insertion of the petiole, a yellow-

i _ ish-green

* From Uren, its Malabar name, according to ADANSON.

ee eee gs é

ish-green gland. Flowers solitary, axillary, on short pedun-

cles. Calyx five-cleft, glabrous, surrounded by a five-cleft,

downy involucre. Corolla of five, somewhat wedge-shaped

petals, combined at the base, of a delicate rose-colour,

streaked, and having a dark purple ring at their base.

Staminiferous tube with many anthers. Stigmas many. —

Fruit consisting of five carpels, which surround the base of

the style, each clothed with long, soft papille, stellato-

Aen at their extremity. Seed single in each carpel, ob-

ong, fixed to the inner angle of the cell.

A native of China, whence the seeds were communicated

to the Glasgow Botanic Garden, by Cartes Minzert, Esq.

It is unquestionably the U. lobata of Linnaus and of

Dittentus. Aveuste Sr. Hinarre considers it a native of

Brazil, and seems disposed to rank the U. heterophylla,

Swartzii, scabriuscula, and tricuspis, as mere varieties of

U. lobata.

In common with the rest of the Mallow tribe, but in an

inferior degree to many, this plant possesses emollient and

mucilaginous qualities, which have obtained it a place

among the medicinal productions of Brazil.

It flowered with us, in the stove, during the month of

July.

Fig. 1. Calyx and Involucre. 2. Section of a Carpel. 3, Papilla from

the Capsule.—Magnified.

D! Grevithdel? Pub by S. Carts Walworth Jan?) 1831.

C 3044 )

ScCHIZANTHUS GRAHAMII. Dr. Grauam’s

ScHIZANTHUS.

i he Se Se oe a Os a i

Class and Order.

Dianpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Scropnutarines. )

Generic Character.

Corolla irregularis, labio superiore quinquefido, inferiore

tripartito. Stamina 2 antherifera, 2 sterilia, filamentis villo-

sis. Capsula bilocularis. . a

Specific Character.

Scuizantuus * Grahamii; corolle tubo calycem equante

limbo duplo breviore, labii inferioris laciniis laterali-

bus centralem equantibus, centrali bifido, labii superi-

oris lobo medio ovato-acuminato, pedicellis fructiferis

erectis. Giullies MSS. Pi Soke

Scuizanruus Grahamii. Gillies MSS.

In addition to the two Scuizanrui already given in most

of our botanical periodical publications, two species have —

lately been raised from seeds brought from Chili by Dr. —

Gitttes, in the garden of Mrs. Boos, at Portobello ; the

subject of the present plate, with which we have been

favoured with a drawing by Dr. Grevii1e, and one, the S.

Hookeri of its discoverer, hereafter to be figured : and if we

are correct in considering the ScuizanTuus represented in

the following plate as a distinct species, a third additional

kind is now known to us. I

* From exile, to cleave, and avbos, a flower, in reference to the divisions of

the corolla. :

In all, there exists a considerable general similarity in

their mode of growth and foliage. The present}is distin-

guished from those hitherto described by the structure of

its flowers: which both in colour and shape are very dif-

ferent from S. pinnatus and S. porrigens.

Fig. 1. Root-leaf.—wNat. size.

5045, /

WIHT ced Pub by Siurts Walworth Jan ® 11831

( 3045 )

ScHIZANTHUS RETUSUS. BLUNT-PETALED

ScHIZANTHUS.

SRR SRR sbaboakakeoskeaoteskcabokesksbeakestea

Class and Order.

Dianpria Monoeyntia.

( Nat. Ord.—Scropnuuxarin2. )

Generic Character.

Corolla irregularis, labio superiore quinqvefido, inferiore

tripartito. Stamina 2 antherifera, 2 sterilia, filamentis vil-

losis. Capsula bilocularis.

Specific Character.

Scnizantaus retusus ; corolle tubo brevi, labii inferioris

laciniis lateralibus intermedio bifido brevioribus, labii

superioris lobo medio subrhomboideo obtusissimo e-

marginato.

Gute

This Scuizantuus was raised by Mr. Barciay at Bury

Hill, where it flowered in June of the present year, from

seeds sent by Dr. Gixu1es from Chili. |

It is remarkable for the large and deep orange-coloured

Spot in the intermediate lobe of the notched upper lip of

its corolla, which is streaked with black, and for the uni-

form deep purple hue of the rest of the corolla. It is but

fair to observe, that Dr. Grnxies considers it only a var. of

S. Grahamii: but, assuredly, its marks, whether constant or

not, are as decided as those of almost any other species of

this Genus, and I think it exceeds them all in the beauty

of its blossoms. ye

—

Fig. 1. Stamens.—Magnified. 2. Root-leaf—Natural size.

(

hy mae + ety oh

Srey WA we

co es

> 1.)

WIE del? Pad by S. Curtis Walworth Feb™ 1.1331 Svan

€ 3046 )

ADAMIA CYANEA. BLUE-BERRIED

ADAMIA.

Class and Order.

Decanpria PEntacynia.

(Nat. Ord —Aratiacez. Wallich. Saxirracem. De Cand.)

Generic Character.

Calyx ovario adnatus, limbo quinquedentatus. Petala

quinque, dentibus calycinis alternantia, epigyna, verticem

ovarii ambientia. Stamina decem, quorum alterno petalis

Opposita. Styli quinque. Stigmata clavata, sub-biloba.

Bacea infera, coronata, subquinquelocularis, polysperma.

Specific Name and Synonyms. a

Apamia * cyanea.

Apamia cyanea. Wallich, Tent. Fl. Nep. p. 46. t. 36.

_ De Cand. Prodr. 0, 4. p. 16.

ne cae ed

Descr. A much-branched, paniculated shrub, three to

four feet high. Stem from an inch to an inch and a half

thick, with the bark spongy, whitish, glabrous ; wood pale-

coloured. Branches opposite, rounded or obscurely qua-

drangular, glabrous, rather glaucous, above purplish, and

the le. with oe pais 2 the oun seer tain

‘he leaves, thickly hairy. Leaves opposite, patent, -

imated, sonata fleshy, potwcen oblong and lanceolate,

acuminated, sharp at both ends, serrated, the ve

J ee incurved,

Saale

* So named by Dr. Wauuicu, in memory of his late friend, Jonn Apam,

Esq., President of the Supreme Council at Calcutta, an ardent promoter and .

India, “NCowrager of Botany, Horticulture, and Rural Affairs in the Bast —

es.

VOL. vy, c

incurved, cuspidate, acute; above dark green, rather rugose,

glabrous ; beneath pale, downy towards the midrib as well

as on the elevated, parallel, approximated, oblique nerves,

transversely reticulated with vems. Petioles an inch long,

rounded, plane above, slightly marginate by reason of the

acute, entire, decurrent base of the leaf. Stipules none, unless

an elevated sometimes downy line, connecting the bases of the

petioles be so called. Panicle large, terminal, broadly-ovate,

naked or furnished at the base with a few lanceolate, entire, —

floral leaves, shorter than the uppermost pair of leaves,

densely-flowered ; its branches opposite, downy, subtricho-

tomous at the summit. Bracteas none. Flowers very

numerous, pale blue, or sometimes pink, externally whitish,

scentless, in many fascicles, or subumbellate, their pedun-

cles short, villous, slightly coloured. Calyx superior, that

is, cohering with the ovary; the limb small, free, five-tooth-

ed, the teeth minute, spreading, ovate, acute, distant, rather

downy. Corolla fleshy, glabrous, five-petaled, prior to

expansion valvular and ovato-obtuse. Petals lanceolate,

acute, marked with three lines, quite patent, finally recurv-

ed, inserted with its broad base upon the calyx within the

limb of the latter and alternating with its teeth. Stamens

ten, patent, rather shorter than the petals and alternately

opposite, nearly equal ; filaments subulate, bluish, fleshy,

glabrous : anthers fixed by their base, large, ovate, two-

celled, before bursting, those five which are opposite to the

petals are deflexed, the rest erect. Ovary inferior, globose,

as large as a grain of black pepper, downy, pseudo-quin-

quelocular, with the top a little elevated within the petals;

ovules minute, fixed to five parietal, fleshy receptacles.

Styles five, nearly erect, fleshy, swelling at the top into as

many club-shaped, compressed stigmas, which are some-

what tumid at the margin, and somewhat two -lobed.

Berries very numerous, panicled, globose, glabrous, deep

blue, as large as a black currant, within fleshy, pale and

spongy, somewhat five-celled, many-seeded, convex at the

top, retuse at the centre, and terminated by the persistent

styles, crowned with the numerous, minute, persistent,

calycine teeth, which are united with a very narrow margin.

Seeds extremely numerous, minute, pear-shaped, slightly |

striated, inserted upon five parietal, fleshy, finally vanishing

receptacles, and filling the whole cavity of the fruit. . Inte-

— simple, dark brown, membranaceous. Perisperm

eshy, of the same shape as the seed. Embryo cylindrical,

occupying nearly the whole of the centre of the perisperm.

| Cotyledons

Cotyledons ovate, obtuse, convex at the back, short. Radi-

cle obtuse, directed towards the hilum.

This new and interesting Genus was found by Dr.

Watticu, inhabiting barren, stony, and mountainous places

near Bechiaco, in Nepal, and by him introduced to the

Royal Gardens at Kew; whence a flowering specimen,

accompanied by a drawing from which the annexed figure

of the natural size was taken, were kindly communicated,

by W. T. Arron, Esq. Dr. Watuicu characterises it as an

elegant shrub, covered with large panicles of pale blue or

pink flowers, which are succeeded by an almost equally

ornamental profusion of deep blue berries.

Fig. 1. Stamen. 2. Pistil invested by the Calyx. 3. Section of the Ger-

men, 4, Fruit. 5. Seed. 6. Section of ditto. 7. Embryo :—magnified.

Fig. 4—6 are copied from Dr. Wauuicn’s figure, in the Tent. Fl. Nepal.

bt)

WI Adel Pub by S. Curtis Walworth Fo? 1.7831.

- es

( BOA7, » Dit tig

CoMMELINA GRACILIS. SLENDER COMMELINA.

Jee

Class and Order,

TrianpriA MonoGynia. ~—

( Nat. Ord.—Commetineg. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 3-sepalus. Cor. 3-petala, petalo uno aut altero

sepe abortiente. Stamina 3 spuria glandulosa, cruciata.

Capsula bi- trilocularis, spatha tecta. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonyms. _

Commetina* gracilis; caule ascendente ramos

colorato piloso pilis reflexis, foliis sessilib

latis acuminatis planis utrinque glabris, spatha c

compressa, floribus pentandris, petalis maqualib

_ staminibus inclusis tribus fertilibus. Graham.

Commeuina gracilis. Ruiz et Pavon, Fl. Perwo. v. 1. p. 44.

t. 72. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 173. eg

Commetina formosa. Graham in Edin. Phil. Journ. Dee.

has

__ Descr. Stem ascending, rooting, branched, red, espe

_ cially above the joints, hairy, hairs reflected. Leaves

— lanceolate, acuminate, flat, glabrous on both sides and

shining, bright green above, whitish below, seven-nerved,

the middle rib prominent behind, channelled above, sheaths

striated, ciliated. Peduncles (two inches long) straight,

with a line of reflexed hairs along the inner side (the ciliz

of the adhering sheath of the spatha). Spatha heart-shaped,

folded, compressed, several-flowered, glabrous. P —

Tio i of

pe, 8

—

. Named in compliment to Jonn and Gaspar COMMELIN, celebrated Dutch

Sts.

of unequal length, slightly pubescent, erect, straight. Calyx

white, glabrous, triphyllous, leaflets unequal, the upper one

the smallest and most acute, the two lower rounded, and co-

hering towards their base. Corolla a beautiful, rather pale

blue, of three unequal petals, each concave, rounded,

slightly and unequally crenate, (the largest three-fourths of

an inch long, and nearly as much broad, ) the two upper ones

particularly unguiculate. Stamens (five?) inserted within

the base of the corolla, and sometimes attached to it at

their origin; filaments glabrous, pale blue, less than half

the length of the petals. Anthers, two abortive, yellow,

lobed, three fertile, white, linear, sagittate at their base ;

pollen white. Germen superior, ovato-acuminate, white.

Style deflected upon the lower petal, otherwise like the

filaments, and similar to them in length. Stigma small,

three-lobed. Unripe capsule three-sided, three-celled.

The seeds of this very pretty species of CommELInA were

gathered by Mr. Crucksuanks in the valley of Lima, and

communicated to me last spring. The plants flowered

freely in the greenhouse in July. Graham.

It appears, from a comparison of this plant with the figure

and gescription of C. gracilis in Ruiz and Pavon, that it is

the same ; an opinion in which Dr. Grauam concurs.

Fig. 1. Fertile Stamen. 2. Sterile Stamen, or Nectary. 3. Calyx and

Pistil— Magnified.

Pub by §. artis Walworth Feb? 1.1831

( 3048 Ede

Loasa INcANA. Hoary Loasa.

KEE EKER EE EEE EERE EERE

Class and Order.

PotyapELpHia PoLyAnprRiA.

( Nat. Ord.—Loasez. )

Generic Character.

Calycis tubus cylindraceus arcte ovarium vestiens, sed for-

san liber ; limbus 5-partitus, persistens. Pet. 10, unguicu-

lata, calyce inserta. Stamina numerosa (200—250), cum

petalis inserta, iis breviora, filamentis liberis, externis inter-

dum sterilibus, antheris oblongis. Stylus filiformis, striis

3—-spiralibus notatus et inde stylis 5—7-omnino connexis

et spiraliter tortis constans. Caps. oblonga, 1-locul. a7 -

valvis, placentis totidem seminum series duobus gerentibus.

mina compressa, numerosa. D C. A Se

Specific Character and Synonym.

Loasa* incana, suffruticosa suburens, caule suberecto ra-

moso foliisque sparsis petiolatis ovato-lanceolatis in-

Ciso-serratis scabris, pedunculis simplicibus oppositi-

foliis, Graham. Pe

Loasa incana. Graham in Ed. Phil. Journ. Dec. 1830.

eee

Descr. Suffruticose. Whole plant, particularly the stem,

densely covered with harsh, barbed, white hairs, and a few

stinging hairs interspersed. Stem round, much branched,

branches scattered, sp eading. Cuticle like paper, and

Peeling off in the dried specimen. Leaves scattered,

petioled, spreading, ovate, acute, hispid on both sides,

veined, inciso-serrate, veins and midrib prominent below,

channelled above. Flowers opposite the leaves, solitary,

peduncled.

* A name given by Apanson, of dubious origin.

peduncled. Peduncles spreading, about half the length of

the leaves, round. Calyx green, widely spread, segments

ovato-acuminate, three-ribbed, undulate, reflected in their

sides, persisting. Corolla white, ten-parted, uniseriate,

alternate, segments alike, the larger segments spreading,

cucullate, nerved and veined, longer than the calyx; the

smaller segments nearly glabrous, slightly ciliated, concave,

within nectariferous, each having near its rounded apex,

three erect, dorsal filaments as long as itself. Stamens

numerous, nearly as long as the longer segments of the

corolla, lodged within the hollow larger petals till the

pollen is ripe, when they become erect, free, unconnected

with each other, within the corolla, mostly perfect, with

simple colourless, slightly flattened, glabrous filaments,

and greenish-yellow, oblong, bilocular anthers, erect,

bursting along the sides, ten barren, two within each of the

shorter petals, spreading, and flattened at the base, there

ciliated, each having a reflected lip at the apex of the petal

within which it is placed, and above this extended into an

erect filament, nearly as long as the fertile stamens. Style

erect, simple, shorter than the stamens, tapering, nearly

smooth towards the top. Stigma capitate, small, lobed,

smooth. Germen turbinate, inferior, green, unilocular,

with three to four parietal receptacles, alternate with the

teeth, covered along their edge with numerous ovules. Cap-

sule opening by three to four teeth above the level of the

calyx.

This plant was raised from seeds communicated in spring

last from Yazo, valley of Canta, in Peru. Mr. CrucxsHAnks

me observed one plant, which was low and branching,

with its branches much entangled. From this he also

most kindly presented me with a well-dried specimen, from

the appearance of which, rather than from our plant (we

raised but one), which is still small, it would seem to blossom

very freely. With us it flowered in the greenhouse during

October and November, and even now (7th December)

there are buds which may possibly expand. Graham.

Fig. 1. Outer Petal. 2. Germen and Calyx, one segment of the limb of

the latter being removed. 3. Inner Petal, with two abortive Stamens. 4

bid yee abortive Stamens, 5, Fertile Stamen. 6. Fruit. 7. Seed.—Mag-

11°? Hl

OS UVAS

—( 3049 +) :

CLERODENDRON NUTANS. DROOPING-

FLOWERED CLERODENDRON.

Te oe ea Se i se a an os Ons os Os os

Class and Order. : :

Dipynam1aA ANGIOSPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord—Vergenacez. )

Generic Character.

_ Cal. 5-fidus (nune 5-dentatus). Cor. tubo cylindrico ;

limbo 5-partito, patente, laciniis subequalibus. Stam. juxta

faucem inserta, exserta, adscendentia: antherarum loculis

parallelis. Bacca pyrenis 4, monospermis. Br. ° |

Specific Character.

Cieropenprum nutans; fruticosa, erecta, glabra, ramis acuté

tetragonis, apice nutantibus ; foliis ternis vel oppositis,

oblongis, longé acuminatis, integerrimis, basi attenu-

atis, brevissimé petiolatis, panicula oblong4, laxé pen-

dula, pedunculis bis dichotomis, calyce ventricoso

tubo corolla parim breviore, limbo secundo. Wallich.

. 4 ceteat

re i + <a

3 : 7 nd ‘ a

Descr. A branchy, erect shrub, two to four feet high,

em as thick as a thumb, covered with brownish, even,

and pretty smooth bark. Branches spreading, dotted,

smoot

acutely four-sided, as well as all the other parts perfectly

their outer ends nodding. Leaves opposite or ter-

hate, rarely subalternate, spreading, twice or thrice longer —

than their interstices, short-petioled, oblong, aoa acumi-

nate, entire, slightly waved;-narrowing downwards into a

sharp base, bia tc neck inches long, dark green and glossy

above, opaque and pallid underneath, with elevated rib

“se oblique nerves: the latter uniting within the margins

Y means of curved veins. The uppermost leaves

"8 the floral ones much smaller than the rest, mm

ey ie

us a

ee ee et a

= —

wee a

ancsdlale. =

lanceolate, ascending and gently recurved. Petzole scarcely

half an inch long, deeply furrowed above; a series of

minute and evanescent ciliz is observable across the young

branches, between the insertions of the petioles, leaving a

line after it has disappeared. Panicle terminal, oblong,

slender, subsessile, pendulous, from six inches to a foot —

long, with one or two pairs of remote floral leaves at

the base, consisting of opposite, subdecussate, divaricate,

short, once or twice dichotomous branches. Peduncles

acutely four-sided, purplish ; common, as thick as a crow-

quill ; partial, half an inch long, supported under each

division by a pair of very small, linear, ciliate bractlets.

Flowers white, modorous, slightly adscending, ternate, in-

serted on filiform pedicels, which are an inch long, and have —

a pair of minute, linear bractlets at the middle. Calyx

ovate, inflated, slightly five-cornered, of a purple colour,

nearly half an inch long, subtruncate at the base, narrowing

towards the mouth, which is divided into five equal, lanceo-

late, acute, obscurely ciliate, converging lacinie. Tube of

the corolla slender, cylindrical, a little longer than the calyx;

limb spreading, unilateral, divided into five obovate, obtuse,

almost equal, flat lobes, nearly as long as the tube ; throat

very narrow. Stamina four, didynamous, adscending, longer

than the corolla; filaments filiform, white, inserted within

the tube, immediately below the throat of the corolla ;

anthers small, ovate, equally bilocular, fleshy, and mi-

nutely papillose on the back. Pistzl a little shorter than

the stamens, like these curved and adscending ; ovariwm

small, ovate, four-celled ; ovula solitary, erect ; style fili-

form ; stigma simple, small, club-shaped. Berry dark

purple, smooth, shining, round, most slightly two-lobed,

almost of the size of a small gooseberry, supported by the

permanent, scarcely enlarged, open calyx, two-, rarely

four-seeded. Wall: |

This is one of the most beautiful and desirable shrubs

with which I am acquainted. It is a native of Silhet, on

the North-east side of Bengal, whence it was introduced

into the Botanic Garden at Calcutta, by the late Mr. M. R.

Smita. It is well furnished with branches and leaves.. The

panicles are long and slender, hanging down gracefully,

and vibrating to the least breath of air. The flowers are

very elegant, the corollas being of a pure white colour, the -

calyces reddish purple: My late much-lamented friend

Mr. Jack, has given a short character of a shrub, native of

Penang, which he considered the same species as that just —

| described.’

described. (See Malayan Miscellanies, vol. 1. part 1.; re-

printed in Hooxer’s Botanical Miscellany, vol. 1. p.284.) I

found this last plant on the said island in September, 1822 ;

it was then nearly out of flower, but afforded sufficient evi-

dence of its being a different species from my C. nutans ; I

have called it C. Jackianum in the Hon. East India Com-

pany’s Herbarium. (No. 1794 of the Lithographic List.)

I have a third species from Tavoy, on the coast of 'Tenas-

seri, (C. penduliflorum, No. 1795 of the List,) which is

likewise an exceedingly lovely shrub, with long and pen-

he panicles, totally distinct from the two other species.

all,

The figure here given was taken from a plant, kindly

communicated from Bretton Hall, in December, 1830,

where it had been raised from seeds sent by Dr. Watticu.

Fig. 1. Anther and part of the Filament. 2. Pistil—Magnijied.

T delt

Lub by S.Curtis Walworth Fob? 2 183], : Sane

| ( 3050)

ALSTROEEMERIA ACUTIFOLIA. SuAnp-ponreD-

LEAVED ALSTRO:MERIA.

Jee bbebnebinieiuinbiioiok

Class and “Order.

HexanpriA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Amaryiweg. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium corollaceum, subcampanulaceum, sexparti-

tum, irregulare ; laciniis duabus (vel tribus) interioribus

basi tubuloso-conniventibus. Stam. 6, laciniis inserta,

demum declinata. Stigma trifidum.. Capsula trilocularis,

loculis polyspermis.—Caulis erectus, scandens aut volubilis,

Joliatus. Flores umbellatt. Kunth.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Atstraemeria acutifolia ; caule subvolubili, foliis petiolatis

lanceolatis anguste acuminatis subtus pu pesc itibus,

umbella simplici, pedunculis pubescentibus, petalis’

longitudine zqualibus, 3 ext. oblongis subacutis, 3

int. spathulatis. — ee 2 x

Alstra@meriA acutifolia. Link. et Otio, Abd. Gew. p . 7.

t. 29. 3 Wet

Pr E*

eee rn .

Descr. Stem, according to M. M. Link and Orro,

attaining a height of five or six feet, somewhat twining,

rounded, glabrous. Leaves remote, lanceolate, much and

narrowly acuminated, striated, dark green and glabrous

above, pale and downy, especially on the nerves beneath,

inserted on a short, twisted petiole. Umbel terminal, of

Many flowers, surrounded at the base by an involucre of

leaves, resembling those of the stem, but much smaller.

eduncles rounded, flexuose, downy. Corolla subcampa-

hulate ; the petals erect, and but slightly patent at the ex-

Ry tremity,

tremity, all of them nearly equal in height, the three outer

ones oblong, of a deep but not very bright red, acute ; the

three inner more delicate in texture, broadly-spathulate,

orange-coloured ; all of them with a,deep red spot at the tip.

Stamens shorter than the corolla: Filaments pale reddish-

purple: Anthers oblong, bluish-purple. Germen inferior,

turbinate, triangular, downy; Style straight, filiform, green-

ish-white, thickened at the base, at the extremity terminated

by a trifid stigma. Capsule remarkably depressed, turbi-

nate, opening at the top by three valves, each of which

bears a septum, and each septum has two seeds attached on

either side of it, of a bright scarlet colour.

For this beautiful species of Atsrra:mERiA our gardens are

indebted to Mr. Orro of Berlin, who transmitted plants to

the Botanic Gardens, both of Edinburgh and Liverpool ; and

-from specimens that have flowered in both those establish-

ments, the present figure and description have been made.

It inhabits Mexico, where it was discovered by M. Derrz,

who is now most successfully exploring that’ interesting

region, as a Botanist.

In our stoves it has flowered in the months of August and

September.

Fig. 1. Stamen. 2. Pistil. 3. Inner Petal. 4, Outer Petal: more or

less magnified, 5. Capsule, nat. size.

( 3051 )

Copi12£uM PictuM. PaAINTED-LEAVED

CopL=uM.

SRR skebakekebaksteske

Class and Order.

Monezcsa Monapepuia.

( Nat. Ord.—Evruorsice. };

Generic Character. — :

Fl. Monoici. Mas. Cal. 5-partitus. Pet. 5, squami-

formia. Stam. plurima. Fam. Cal. 5-fidus. Petala o.

Styli et Stigmata 3. Fructus subcarnosus, tricoccus. Adr.

uss. ss

Specific Character and Synonyms. —

Copizum * pictum ; foliis cordato-oblongis coriaceis nitidis

variegatis. ; PRBS es

Croton pictum. “ Noisette.” (Steudel.) Lodd. Bot. Cab.

a PE sds cd a

Croton variegatum, var. 3, latifolium. Roxb. Hort. Beng.

een

This is, in our stove, a low shrub, of slow growth, gla-

brous in every part, and having its foliage collected princi-

pally at the extremity of the branches. The leaves are very

beautiful, four to six inches long, on short petioles, coriace-

ous, glossy, between cordate and oblong, rather obtuse,

entire, veined, of a reddish or yellow colour, mottled and

variegated with green, paler on the underside. Flowers in

ong, pedunculated racemes, from the extremity of the

branches. I have only seen that which bears female flowers.

=...

: * So termed by Rumputvs, from the Malayan name of the Croton variega-

um of Linnaus, Codebo.

These have a turbinated, five-cleft calyx, the segments, or

teeth, closely applied to the’base of the germen. Germen

ovate, surrounded by an annular disk or gland: Styles three,

tapering into reflexed and flexuose, subulate stigmas.

If the flowers of this plant be insignificant and obscure,

this deficiency is amply compensated by the singularity and

beauty of its foliage, which renders it a most desirable

inmate of the stove, and which has recommended it to the

inhabitants of the Molucca islands, where it is a native, and

where they cultivate it around their houses, and for the

purpose of fences, decorating their triumphal arches with

its leaves, and strewing them about on occasions of fes-

_ tivity.

Weare indebted to Cuar.es Texrair, Esq., and to the

Professor of the Royal College, Mauritius, for the pos-

session of this plant in the Glasgow Botanic Garden, where

it flowered in August, 1830. It was sent under the name of

Croton pictum, and it is said to be C. pictum of Notserrte,

by Srevper; but I do not find it any where described under

that name, except by Mr. Loppices in his Botanical

Cabinet. It is, I think, with justice separated from the C:

variegatum, with which it has been confounded, and which

has very narrow leaves, almost linear indeed. At the same

time, it must be acknowledged, that Rumpuius has repre-

sented some intermediate states, which make it difficult to

draw the line of distinction. All have a peculiar Aucuba-

like habit, which, in addition to the difference in the fructi-

fication, shows the judgment of Apr. Dr Jussieu in separat-

_ Ing them generically from Croron.

Fig. 1. Female Flower. 2. Gland at the Base of the Germen.

WIE del? Pab ty S Curtis Walworth March 1.1831

wan Se

( 3052 )

BANKSIA SPECIOSA. HANDSOME BANKSIA.

SEEK KKK EERE EERE EREE EK

Class and Order.

TrerranpriA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Prorteacez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. quadripartitus (raro quadrifidus.) Stamina apicibus

concavis laciniarum immersa. Sguamule hypogyne 4.

Ovarium biloculare, loculis monospermis. Folliculus bi-

_ locularis, ligneus: dissepimento libero, bifido. Amentum

flosculorum paribus tribracteatis. Br. :

Specific Character and Synonyms.

BAnKSIA speciosa. pe) ae

Bayxsra speciosa; foliis linearibus pinnatifidis lobis trian-

gulari-semiovatis mucronatis subtus niveis obsolete

nervosis, calycis laminis lanatis, stylo pubescente, fol-

liculis tomentosis. Brown.

Banxsta speciosa. Br. Trans. Linn. Soc. v. 10. p. 210.

Spreng. Syst. Veget. v.1. p. 486. Graham m Edinb.

Phil. Journ. Dec. 1830. re

Descr. Trunk erect, branched; branches spreading,

towards their extremities densely covered with snowy to-

mentum. Leaves (a foot and a half long, an inch and a half

broad) scattered, linear, attenuated at the base, and very

slightly so at the apex, truncated, a. nerved and

reticulated, covered on both sides when young, with short,

dense, white tomentum, which is beautifully snowy below,

when old, naked, bright green and shining above ; segments

alternate, triangular, ovate along their upper edge, mucro-

nate, the mucro projecting forwards. Spike (four inches

and a half long, three inches and a half broad to the pe

ane

mities of the styles) terminal. Flowers in pairs along the

rachis, forming double lines, which are much crowded to-

gether, expanding from below upwards, every where yellow,

except the stigma, which is red. Calyx (an inch and a half

long) four-parted, woolly on the outside, the woolliness in-

creasing upwards. Anthers subsessile, in the oblong hollow

extremities of the calyx, linear-lanceolate. Style longer

than the calyx, curved upwards, pubescent, filiform, tumid

near the extremity, tipped with the red, subacute, some-

what angled stigma.

This very handsome species produced a fine head of

flowers in the greenhouse of the Edinburgh Botanic Garden,

in October, 1830, the plant being above five feet high.

Graham.

Fig. 1. Pair of Flowers. 2. Three Bracteas from their base.—Magnified. ©

5058

ae, A a i i, a ce

4 oe

Svan 38

Fab by S§. Curtis Walworth March 1.1831

WIA, del?

( 3053)

HoveEA PANNOSA. Rusty Hovea.

Class and Order.

DiapetpHia DeEcanpRIia.

( Nat. Ord.—Leeuminosz. )

Generic Character.

Cal. bilabiatus, labio super. semibifido, lato, retuso, inf.

tripartito. Carina obtusa. Stam. omnia connexa, aut

decimo superne plus minus libero. Legumen sessile, sub-

rotundum, ventricosum, dispermum. Semina strophiolata.

DC.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Hovea* pannosa ; foliis lineari-oblongis obtusis glabris

nitidis subtus ramis leguminibusque ferrugineo-to-

mentosis. |

Hovea pannosa. Cunningham MSS. apud Hort. Reg. Kew.

Descr. Stem erect, rigid, branched, branches clothed

with a dense, ferruginous tomentum. Leaves linear-oblong,

obtuse, coriaceous, entire, glabrous, dark green and sm

above, with a depressed midrib, below clothed with a dense

rusty-coloured down, and marked with a prominent midrib,

At the base is a short, downy, petiole; at the point a small

tuft of hairs. Stipules linear, very downy. Flowers pro-

duced in the axils of the leaves, two or three from each of

the upper leaves, on downy, short stalks, with a linear-

subulate bractea at their base. Calyx very downy, and

rusty-coloured, two-lipped; upper lip arched, obtuse, bifid,

lower of three linear segments. Standard of the corolla

broad, purple, with a broad, obcordate, pale spot just ~—

—== —

—<—senen

ae Named by Mr. Brown, in compliment to A. P. Hove, @ Polish Botanist.

L. Vv, D

the unguis, surrounded by a deep purple-coloured ring.

Ale short, convex, deep purple. Carina minute, purple,

included in, and connate by the ala. Stamens all com-

bined, the tube cleft above. Anther yellow. Pistil con-

cealed by the tube of the stamens. Germen oblongo-ovate,

hairy : Style about equal to it in length: Stigma capitate.

Legumen oblong, ventricose, very downy, tipped with the

style, much longer than the calyx.

Hovea pannosa, thus named by its indefatigable dis-

coverer, Mr. Attan Cunninenam, is a native of Mount

Stirling, in the country northward from Bathurst, in the

interior of New South Wales, and was raised at the Royal

Gardens of Kew from seeds, sent in 1823. Mr. Arron

obligingly communicated specimens and the drawing here

figured, during the last summer (1830). It is a very ele-

gant and ornamental species, its blossoms being beauti-

fully coloured, the upper sides of the leaves glossy green,

sometimes slightly transversely wrinkled, the underside and

the branches thickly covered with a ferruginous tomentum.

It approaches to H. linearis, but that species has much

narrower leaves and smaller and pale-coloured flowers.

Fig. 1. Calyx. 2. Vexillum. 3. 3. Ale. 4, Carina, 5. Stamens, in-

cluding the Pistil. 6. Pistil. 7, Legumen :—Magnified.

| ( 3054 )

TupIsTtRA NUTANS. Droopine TupisTRaA.

Class and Order.

Hexanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Aromez. )

Generic Character.

Spadix nudus, multiflorus. Perianthium campanulatum,

6-partitum, basi bracteatum. Anthere sessiles, perianthio

insert, laciniis opposite. Stylus columnaris, sulcatus :

Stigma magnum, 3-lobum, peltatum. Bacca 3-locularis,

loculis dispermis. 97g

seis

Specific Character and Synonym.

Turistra* nutans; spica oblongo-cylindracea obtusa nu-

tante, floribus densissime approximatis brevi-campa-

nulatis unibracteatis. PS ad Ea oi oe aa

Torisrra nutans. Wallich in Bot. Reg. t. NAPs ot «soc

—— Fs

Z q pe

Descr. Perennial. Stem about two inches Jong, and

Set round at the base with a few short but thick fibres :

from the summit of the rootstock there arise many large,

sheathing scales, which surround both the base of the leaf

and of the scape. Leaves few, between two-and three feet

long ; petiole semicylindrical, furrowed on the upper side,

three to four inches long, tapering gradually into an obo-

vato-lanceolate, acuminated, striatec ,. membranous leaf.

From the united bases of the leaves arises the scape, which

1S semiterete, and curved downwards, bearing a thick,

oblongo-cylindrical spadix, of many sessile, unibracteated

flowers. Perianth shortly campanulate, its lamb at f

| ‘3 eos six-cleft,

* Name ; tums, a mallet, from the large, mallet-like stigma, é : :

ae, i Peas See ee

six-cleft, thick and fleshy, the segments obtuse, three inner

and three outer, of a pale yellowish-brown colour, streaked

with purple. Anthers six, sessile, or nearly so, opposite to

the segments of the perianth, and inserted at the mouth of

the tubular portion, yellow, two-celled. Pistil: Germen

small, roundish: Style thick, columnar, short ; Stigma very

large, peltate, three-lobed, forming a sort of lid to the

mouth of the perianth, so as entirely to cover and conceal

the stamens. The fruit I have not seen: but the fleshy

germen, on a transverse section being made, exhibits three

small cells, each with two collateral ovules.

For this interesting plant of the Natural Order AromEa,

the second species known of the Genus Turisrra, our gar-

dens are indebted to Dr. Watiicu. By that generous

Botanist a root was presented to Mrs. Beaumont of Bretton

Hall, and we are obliged to Mr. Marnocx, who has the

charge of the gardens there, for the noble specimen from

which the accompanying drawing was taken. It blossomed

in October, 1830, for the second time, having flowered the

preceding year, soon after which, the plant threw up a new

set of leaves.

Fig. 1. Flower, with its Bractea at the Base ; the Stigma being removed,

to show the insertion of the Stamens. 2. The Stigma seen from beneath.

3. Portion of the Perianth with a Stamen. 4. Stamen. 5. Pistil. 6. Ger-

men and Style, the Stigmas being removed. 7. Section of the Germen.—All

more or less magnified.

"ub by 3. Curis Walverth March 1.1837

( 3055 )

NOTHOCLANA TENERA. 'THIN-LEAVED

NOTHOCLANA.

ee a eS a a

Class and Order.

CryproGAMiA F 1icgs.

( Nat. Ord.—Fi1iczs. )

Generic Character.

Sori marginales, continui y. interrupti. Involucrum nul-

lum (nisi sete interstincte v. squamule lanave frondis. )

Specific Character and Synonym.

Nornociana* tenera; frondibus bi-tripinnatis, foliolis 6

ticis integerrimis teneris glaucis glaberrimis, capsu

nigro-fuscescentibus nitidis.

OTHOCLENA tenera. (Gillies MSS.

_ Descr. Fronds growing in a tufted manner, four to six

Inches in length, ovato-deltoid in their circumscription,

each supported upon a glossy, purple-black stipes, bipin-

hate, the base tripinnate, the pinne with an odd, terminal

Pinnule or leaflet. Pinnules elliptical, obtuse, sessile

(except the terminal one, which is often petioled,) of a

membranaceous, thin, and delicate texture, glaucous-green,

especially beneath, pinnatedly nerved, the margin entire,

slightly recurved at first, afterwards plane. Rachis ex-

tremely slender, glossy purple-black. Sort uninterrupted,

Marginal. Capsules at first green, and partially covered by

€ revolute margin, at length of a deep, shining brown-

lack, and quite exposed to view: each is globose, reti-

culated, having a nearly complete annulus. “i

=. —

“d Fom vebos, spurious, and xraine, + ek, or covering, from the imp |

: fectly inyolute covering to the capsules, a ae

For this graceful little Fern, our Botanic Garden of

Glasgow is indebted to Dr. Gitures, who sent seeds which

were gathered in the neighbourhood of Mendoza, and

which soon vegetated in our stove, bearing fructification in

the same year that they were raised.

In point of Genus, this Fern seems to be intermediate

between Nornociana and CueinAntHeEs. But as, even ina

young state, the slightly revolute margin of the pinnules

never entirely covers the capsules, I have preferred placing

it in the former Genus ; from all the other known species

of which it is distinguished by its tender, glaucous, and

quite glabrous fronds. .

Fig. 1. Three ultimate Pinnules of a Frond, with perfect Sori. 2. Pinnule

with Fructification in a younger state. 3. Two Capsules.—Mugnified.

ULE delt Pub by §. Curtis Walworth March 193

( 3056 )

Lupinus Crucksnanksir. Mr. Crucksnanks’

Peruvian LuPptne.

ER KEKE EKER EEE KEK EREEE

Class and Order.

DiapeteHia DecanpRis.

( Nat. Ord.—Lreuminosa. )

Generic Character.

Cal. profunde bilabiatus. Cor. papilionacea; vexillum

lateribus reflexis, carina acuminata. Stam. monadelpha,

vagina integra, antheris 5 parvis subrotundioribus, } etoai

cioribus, 5 oblongis serioribus. Stylus filiformis. Stigma

terminale, subrotundum, barbatum. Legumen coriaceum,

oblongum, compressum, oblique torulosum. Cotyledones

crass, per germin. in folia converse. De Cand. joa

Specific Character.

Lupinus Cruckshanksii ; subarborescens, ubique glaberri- ;

mus, ramis patentibus, foliolis 7—9 oblongis obtusis:

basi_in petiolum attenuatis, racemis oblongis, floribus

verticillatis, calycis labio superiore_bifido inferiore

integro, bracteis caducis.-

Descr. Although this plant has not with us attained an

elevation exceeding four to five feet, yet it may rather be

called arborescent than shrubby ; for the greater length

_ Of the stem below is bare of branches and woody ; above

_ divided by numerous, spreading branches, into a rounded

head, glabrous, as is every part of the plant. Leaves nu-

merous, pale yellowish-green, divided into seven or more,

usually nine, spreading, oblong or elliptical, obtuse leaflets,

blunt at the point, and sometimes terminated by a mucro,

below attenuated into a short petiole, the whole upon a

Common petiole four to five inches long, rounded and

green. Flowers in oblong, large racemes, which terminate

the numerous branches. Bractee linear-subulate, cadu-

cous. Pedicels mostly in irregular whorls, short. Calyx

cut almost to the very base into two, nearly equal, linear-

oblong lips ; of which the upper one is bifid or bidentate at

the point, the lower one quite entire. Corollas large, very

handsome. Vexillum rounded, retuse at the extremity,

with its sides revolute after expansion, bluish purple, deep

yellow in the middle, becoming paler towards the extre-

mity and almost white, the margin reddish, the back pale.

Ale suboval, convex, deep purplish-blue, with a reddish

spot at the base. Carina pale flesh-colour, with a long,

orange-coloured acumen or beak.

I have named this truly magnificent species of Lupine in

compliment to its estimable discoverer, ALEXANDER CruUcK-

SHANKS, Esq. respecting whose botanical labours in South

America, Fieve elsewhere had occasion to speak *. That

gentleman discovered it growing upon the Andes of Peru,

in great plenty, not far from Pasco, and near the verge of

perpetual snow. Our fine plant was raised from the seed at

the Glasgow Botanic Garden, and planted in the open

border in the early summer of the present year (1830),

when it was soon covered with a profusion of richly-colour-

ed blossoms, which attracted the attention of all who saw it.

Mr. Murray, with much judgment, would not run the risk

of so rare a plant surviving the fickle winter of our climate,

and removed it to the greenhouse : but it is very impatient

of moisture, and does not strike readily from cuttings.

No seeds were produced upon our plant. |

* See Botanical Miscellany, Part IV.

Fig. 1. Calyx and Vexillum :—Slightly magnified.

Prb by §.Cartis Walworth March 1.1831

WIH del?

( 3057 )

Loasa Hvapipa. Hispip. Loasa.

FEE ee be

Class and Order.

PoLyADELPHIA PoLYANDRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Loaszz. )

Generic Character.

Calycis tubus cylindraceus arcte ovarium vestiens, sed

forsan liber ; limbus 5-partitus, persistens, Pet. 10, ungui-

culata, calyce inserta. Stam. innumera (230—250) cum

petalis inserta, iis breviora, filamentis libera, externis inter-

dum sterilibus, antheris oblongis. Stylus filiformis, striis

3—7 spiralibus notatus et inde stylis 5—7 omnino connexis

et spiraliter tortis constans. Capsula oblonga, 1-locularis,

3—7-valvis, placentis totidem seminum series duobus geran-

tibus. Semina compressa, numerosa. D C.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Loasa hispida ; hispidissima, foliis alternis bipinnatifidis,

laciniis calycinis lateralibus replicatis, corolla reflexa.

Loasa hispida. Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 13. p. 364. Willd.

Sp. Pl. v. 2. p. 1176. Graham in Edin. Phil. Journ.

Loasa urens. Jacg. Obs. Bot. pars 2. p. 15. t. 38. Lam.

Encycl. v. 3. p.'158. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 601.

Loasa ambrosizfolia. Juss. Ann. du Mus. v. 5. p. 26. t. 4.

J. 1. Pers. Syn. Pl..v. 2. p. 71. Spreng. Syst. Veget.

v. 2. p. 601. 3 / er os

See

Descr. Stem round, rooting at the base, flexuose, branch-

ed, densely covered with innumerable short, harsh hairs,

Which seem rough under the microscope, and are scarcely

Stinging ; higher up, there are a few deep green oblong

Spots on the stem, and the hairs are mixed with others which —

are twice or thrice as long, and stinging, smooth, dark

| a brown,

brown, arising from larger glandular bases ; these increase

in number upwards, and are much crowded near the top.

Leaves five inches long, three and a half broad, scattered,

petioled, oblong, pinnatifid and incised, or oftener bipin-

natifid, or almost pinnated, and the pinne pinnatifid, pubes-

cent on both sides, but especially the under, which is paler, -

with prominent, branching veins, which are a little reticu-

lated and channelled above. Peduneles scattered, oppo-

site, but never exactly so, sometimes at a considerable

distance from the leaves, single-flowered, longer than the

upper, but shorter than the larger leaves. Flowers nodding,

rather powerfully, and, as some think, pleasantly perfumed.

Calyx green, five-parted, segments patent, cordato-ovate,

acute, reflexed in their sides, submarcescent. Petals one

inch long, reflexed, navicular, hatchet-shaped, cucullate,

glandular-pubescent, but sparingly so, except at the claws,

reticulated, ciliated along the keel, alternating with white,

erect, truncated, obcordate scales, hollow, and opening

longitudinally on their inner surface, flat at the apex, there

transversely marked with elevated stripes, and each ex-

tended into two short, rose-coloured points in the centre of

the flower, the stripes reddish-brown on the outside, and

more and more greenish-yellow towards the centre. Sta-_

mens very numerous, about half as long again as the claws

of the petals, and lodged, as in all this Genus, within their

cavities, and advancing in succession ; filaments white,

glabrous; anthers yellow, becoming brown, short, bilob-

ular, bursting along the sides ; pollen granular, small, pale

yellow. Two abortive, subulate, hooked, pubescent fila-

ments, shorter and broader than the others, are placed on

the inside of each of the hollow scales, and are at all times

erect. Germen unilocular, turbinate, inferior, covered with

pungent hairs, its upper surface flat, becoming conical, and —

rising above the calyx, but there empty, trifid ; ovules

numerous, attached to three linear, parietal placente.

Styles three, cohering, their lower half, as well as the upper

of the germen, covered with hairs. Stigmas very

small. 5

I cannot see the propriety of changing the Specific Name-

of Linnazus to the equally objectionable one of Jacquin;

nor could I have thought the reason assigned by Jussigu for |

departing from this last sufficient, even sholigh he had not

taken a third, which in its turn may be considered inappro--

priate. It is very true, that all the species of Loasa are

hispid, and all are stinging; but if such be considered 4

cause —

cause for altering a specific name, endless confusion would

arise in almost every old Genus wherein we have lately

become acquainted with many new species. I wish specific

names, when once given, were deemed mere arbitrary and

immutable terms. Trarrinnick, it appears, has considered

L. urens, Jaca. and L, ambrosiefolia, Juss. as distinct, and

is followed by Sprenerx; but as I am not acquainted with

the reasons for this opinion, as Jussieu is perfectly explicit

that they are the same, as his figure agrees sufficiently, and

as the differences noticed in his description appear to me to

be trifling, I must follow his opinion, supported as it is by

Prrsoon and Lamarck.

The seeds of this most beautiful species were received at

the Botanic Garden, in spring last, from my invaluable

correspondent Mr. Crucxsuanxs, whose additions to our

stock of cultivated plants I take delight in recording.

They were gathered in the valley of Lima. The specimen

described was raised in a hot-bed, and flowered in the

greenhouse in the end of July. It has flowered in the

Royal Botanic Garden at Glasgow * ; and I understand

also in the neighbourhood of London. Graham.

* Where it succeeds well in the open border.

Fig. 1. Outer Petal. 2. Stamen. 3. Inner Petal, with its two abortive

Stamens. 4. An abortive Stamen from the inner Petal. 5. Capsule, scarcely

mature, nat. size. 6. Hairs from the Stem.—Magnified. ; yy

‘3

Pub by

( 3058 )

DeELIMA SARMENTOSA. CLIMBING DeELIMa.

RE KKK KEKE EEE EEE RR

Class and Order.

Potyanpria MonoeyniA.

( Nat. Ord.—Drtentacez. )

Generic Character.

Stam. plurima. Carpellum 1, capsulare, 1—2-spermum.

Flores interdum abortu dioici.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Detima * sarmentosa; foliis ellipticis serratis integerri-

misque scabris rigidis, floribus paniculatis hermaphro-

ditis (?), germinibus capsulisque glabris.

Detima sarmentosa. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 736. Burm. Ind. p.

122. ¢. 37. f. 1. De Cand. Prodr. v. 1. p. 69. Spreng.

Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 597. . | é

Terracera sarmentosa. Vahl, Symb. v. 3. p. 70. Willd.

Sp. Pl. v. 2. p. 1240. |

Acrma aspera. Lam. Fl. Cochin. v. 1. p. 405? en

ae aspera. De Cand. Syst. 1. p. 410, Prodr.

Pp. (0, igs €

Descr. A slender, climbing, branching shrub, rough,

4s is every part of the plant, with short, mgid, closely-ap-

pressed hairs. Leaves alternate, from one to three or four

ches long, generally almost exactly elliptical, sometimes

obovate, rarely ovate, rigid, entire, or more or less ob-

Scurely toothed at the margin, particularly in the upper

half, dark green above, paler beneath, marked with rather

close and parallel. transversely oblique nerves, which are

Prominent beneath. Panicles terminating the branches,

having a small leaf at the primary divisions, and generally

a ‘iinear bractea at the origin of the lesser ones, and of

the pedicels, Flowers numerous, in a panicle. Calyx of

ve leaves, green, the two outer leaves or sepals smaller

than the three inner ones, glabrous, the margins ciliated.

* From delimo, to smooth or polish, from the use made of the rough leaves. 3

Petals five, oval, concave, white. Stamens numerous.

Filaments flexuose, with a thickened or dilated extremity,

at the top of which are the two transverse cells, opening

above by a longitudinal fissure. Pistil one : Germen ob-

lique, gibbous, subovate, gradually tapering upwards into

a filiform style, and containing 9—11 abortive (?) ovules

at the base of the cell: Stigma dilated. Fruit (in dried

specimens from Pulo Penang) an _ ovato-acuminate gla-

brous follicle, opening on one side, and containing one

globose, dark-brown seed, surrounded by a beautiful, white,

cup-shaped, fringed arillus.

For the introduction of this little-known plant to Britain,

we are indebted to Dr. Watticu, who sent seeds of it to

Bretton Hall, whence the specimen here figured was oblig-

ingly communicated in November, 1830. It is a native of

China, whence I have received dried specimens from my

valued friend Cuartes Mitterr, Esq., of Ceylon and Mala-

bar, and I possess the same species from the Horticultural

Society of London, gathered in Prince of Wales’s Island,

differing only in the fruit being slightly pubescent. The

Dexia nitida of the New World, which I have received both

from Mr. Parker, gathered in Demerara, and from Mr.

Locxuart, gathered in Trinidad, very much resembles this,

but its leaves are less rough, and the'style is much shorter:

or this latter may be the D. hebecarpa, which appears to me

to differ only in the downy fruit from the D. sarmentosa.

Again the Tetracera multiflora, D C. is closely allied to our

plant, and at any rate should, I think, be placed in the same Genus;

for the pistil is solitary: and although the flowers were unknown

to De Canpoutse, they are figured in De Lessert’s Icones ; and

the whole representation has the most perfect accordance with

the present individual.

Burman tells us, upon the authority of Hermann, that the

plant is called Koroswel by the Cingalese, which signifies 0

polish, and that the rigid and scabrous leaves are used for that

purpose. Lovretiro says the same of his AcTRHA aspera, whic

grows about Canton, nor is his description of it much at variance

with specimens which we have from the same country ; so that

I am rather inclined to reduce that plant, as a synonym to

D. sarmentosa. De Canvouxe has of that (and the same author's

closely allied Canuigonum asperum) constituted the Genus

TRacuyTewua, on account of the berried, many-seeded fruit;

but Lovrerro expressly says, that he had not noticed the form

of the seeds. In our plant, in which are probably abortive ger

mens, I find many ovules. e

Fig. 1. Flower, scarcely expanded. 2. Expanded Flower. 3. Stamens. *

Pistil. 5. Section of the Germen. 6. Gayetbe (nat. size). 7. One half of

the Capsule with its Seed and Arillus (from a dried Chinese specimen).

{

Bancroft MD del* Pub. by § Curtis Wabworth Feb? 11851. Swan St.

J ( 3059 )

_. Monopora Myristica. JAMAICA

CaLABASH-NUTMEG

SICH

Class and Order.

PotyanpriaA Monoeynia.

i ( Nat. Ord.—Anonacea. )

Generic. Character.

Cal. 3-sepalus, sepalis basi unitis. _ Pet. 6, basi unita ; 3

exteriora oblongo-lanceolata, undulato-crispata, 3 interiora

cordiformia, conniventia. Anthere numerose, sessiles,

in germinis cingentes. Germen solitarium. Stigma

sessile. Bacca levis, subglobosa, 1-locularis. Sema in

pulpa nidulantia. : as ree tes

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Monopora* Myristica ; baccis subglobosis magnis. D C.

onopora Myristica. Dunal, Monogr. Anon. p. 80. De

]. p. 87.

Cand. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 477, Prodr. v.

_ Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 604. fe

Anona Myristica. Gaertn. de Fruct. v. 2. t.125.f-).

American Nurmec. “ Long, Hist. Jam. v. 3, p. 735.

Bancroft in Lunan, Hort. Jam. v. 2. p. 10. —

= ae

——

Descr. “ This grows,” according to Dr. Bancrorr, “ to

a large, branching tree, in habit resembling the ANonAs.

Leaves confined to the extremities of the branches, disti-

chous, alternate, oblong, or sometimes obovate, somewhat

cordate at the base, quite entire, nerved, veined, smooth,

Shining, of a bright, yet pale green above, paler still be-

neath, from four to five inches long, and from one to pus

3 inches

soled «Fee

——...

* From yovs, one, and dupe, a gift, in allusion to its solitary cheng ase

inches broad: the petioles are short, grooved above. The

peduncles opposite to the leaves, single-flowered, round,

smooth, greenish- white, pendulous, four to seven inches

long, generally single on the young branches, or, sometimes

two, when one is at the base and the other towards the top.

Occasionally the peduncles spring up on the lateral twigs

of those branches, at from three to eight inches from the

terminal leaves ; these twigs being sometimes but half an

inch or an inch and a half long, and bearing three to five

leaves. In such cases, the peduncles shoot from the tips of

the twigs. Near the summit of the peduncles is a bractea,

reflexed when the flower is full blown, subcordate, acute,

about twelve-nerved, green, crispato-undulate at the mar-

gin, slightly variegated with yellowish-red. Flowers fra-

grant; when beginning to expand, white, marked with

purplish-brown spots ; afterwards yellow and the spots

brighter red. Calyx monophyllous, tube very short, limb

deeply cleft into three unequal, coloured sepals, their mar-

gins crisped and waved: the sepal opposite to the bractea

being shorter and narrower than the other two, which are

somewhat coriaceous and ovato-acute. Corolla monope-

talous, generally twice as long as the calyx ; tube also

short and reflexed ; limb divided into six segments, arrang-

ed in a double series. Outer segments three, oblongo-

ovate, their margins crisped and waved; of the same color

as the calycine segments, the ground bright yellow, marked

with rows of irregular spots or interrupted stripes of

reddish-brown, extending from the centre obliquely out-

wards, the smaller calycine sepal only being sometimes

variegated with greenish-yellow along the middle, and deep

red at the margins. Inner segments three, from half to

one-third shorter than the outer series, springing from the

faux of the corolla by a short claw, cordate, convex, veined,

yellowish-white externally, somewhat keeled on the back,

downy and entire at the edges, which adhere slightly

seaie within concave, smooth, shining, of a very pale

yellow colour, variegated with pale crimson spots. The

number of both the calycine and corolline segments is liable

to occasional variation, nor does their figure always pre-

cisely accord with the above description. | ..

_ * Stamens closely set, in about eleven or twelve rows, ot

the receptacle : filaments none; anthers nearly spheerical,

bilocular, yellowish-white, opening on each side, rather

below the middle, by a roundish pore: pollen globular,

yellowish, semitransparent, Germen nearly spherical, bre

= si Pees --Jowish-

lowish-white, crowned with a sessile, flattened stigma.”

Dr. Bancrort, on dissecting the recent germen, found it to

be “ thick and fleshy, having a small cavity in the centre,

with globular ovules arranged around the whole internal

surface, the seedstalk varying im length.”

The fruit is figured and described by Garrner as, “a

simple, nearly globose, one-celled, glabrous, corticated

Berry. Receptacle none, but the Seeds imbedded, without

order*, in the pulp: they are ovato-oblong, angled by

mutual pressure, ferruginous. Integwment double. Albumen

of the same form as the seed, fleshy, hard, sculptured with

deep, nearly parallel lines, and ‘a longitudinal furrow.

Cotyledons foliaceous, cordato-lanceolate. Radicle rounded,

directed to the hilum.”

We are much indebted to Dr. Bancrorr of Jamaica for a

drawing, and specimens both dried and in spirits, and for an

accurate description of this rare and little-known plant.

The fruit alone was described by Gzrrver, under the name

of Anona Myristica, from Sir Josep Banxs’s Museum.

According to the Hortus Jamaicensis, the tree is reported

to have been brought from the continent of South America +

and planted at the Retreat Estate, Clarendon, Jamaica,

where it was described by Lone, but where it has since been

destroyed. That author says of it, that the seeds are all

packed close with singular regularity, so that after displac-

Ing them, it is impossible to restore them to the same order

and compactness as before :—that they are impregnated

with an aromatic oil, resembling that of the Eastern Nutmeg,

from which they differ so little in favour and quality, that

they may be used for similar purposes in food or medicine ;

the only perceptible difference to the taste being that they

are less pungent than the East Indian Nutmeg: and he

recommends it to general cultivation. Dunat, w o had the

use of Professor Dre CanpoLe’s notes, made from dried spe-

Cimens in Mr. Lampert’s Herbarium, determined it to be a

Genus widely distinct from Anon, differing indeed in the

structure of the petals and fruit, as Dr. Bancrorr correctly

remarks,

* Dr. Bancrorr justly observes, that it is only necessary to observe the

disposition of the seeds, as represented in Gartner's own figure, to perceive

that their Position is the very reverse of being “ absque ordine , the hilum of

each seed being regularly centrifugal, as might have been anticipated from the

nd of arrangement which is to be seen in the ovules of the Germen. is.

¥ Mr. Brown considers it mére probable, that it was brought by the

Negroes from some part of the West coast of Africa.

remarks, from all the other Genera of the Order. At this

time, there is only one tree in Jamaica, near Stoney Hill,

whence our specimens were taken, unless the report be cor-

rect, that a second exists at St. Thomas in the East.

From the Genus Monopora is to be excluded the M.

microcarpa, ANonA microcarpa of Jacquin (Fragm. Bot.

t. 44. f. 7), established by that author from the fruit of

Mr. Brown’s Careituta australis, of the family of Eprna-

NnacEz; (See Brown’s Bot. of Congo, p. 56) so that the

BanODer Myristica is the only known species of the

enus.

A, Branch of Monopora Myristica, in flower; and B. Fruit (from Ga&at-

NER) : nat. size.

Fig. 1. Portion of a Flower, the reflexed Limb of the Corolla being removed.

2. One of the inner Petals or Segments seen from within. 3. Stamen. 4.

Section of the Germen. 5. 5. Seeds. 6. Albumen. 7. Section of the

Fe? ae to show the Embryo. 8. Embryo. Fig. 1—4. more or less mag-

nified. ;

Ue.

Pub. by. 8. Curtis, Watworth, April 1. 1831 Saw SC.

( 3060 )

BANKSIA LITTORALIS? SHore BANKSIA,

seokekskokskekeksksteskokokeokakokeokeobole

Clase and Order.

Trerranpria Monoeynta.

_ ( Nat. Ord.—Proreaces. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium quadripartitum (raro 4-fidum.) Stamina

apicibus concavis laciniarum immersa. Squamile hypo-

gyne 4. Ovarium biloculare, loculis monospermis. | Folli-

eulus ligneus : Dissepimento libero, bifido. Amentum flos-

_ culorum paribus tribracteatis! Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Bayxsta littoralis? foliis elongato-linearibus spinuloso-

dentatis basi attenuatis subtus aveniis, perianthiis de-

ciduis, folliculis compressis bracteisque strobili_ apice

___ tomentosis, caule arboreo, ramulis tomentosis. Br.

Banxsta littoralis ? Br. in Linn. Soc. Trans. v. 10. p. 205 ?

Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 392? Rem. et Schultes, Syst.

Veg. v.3.p. 438? Spreng. Syst. Veg. ». 1. p. 485?

(excl. syn.) Bot. Reg. t. 1363. 7

Descr. Shrub erect. Branches ascending, purple, vil-

ous. Leaves scattered, pubescent when young, naked and

dark. green above when old, densely covered with snowy

lentum beneath; on short, erect petioles, linear, trun-

cated, spinuloso-serrated, veinless, slightly revolute at the

Ses. Amentum (four inches long, three inches broad to

the extremities of | 1¢ styles) terminal, upon a short, leafy,

peduncle, the branches rising far above it, from a whorl at

| its base. Flowers in pairs, forming rather distant double

lines along the rachis, with which, when fully expanded,

€y are nearly at right angles, expanding from above

°wnwards. Bracteas tomentose, green where ee

| Ling yello

yellow where included, either solitary, rhomboid, subacute,

with the apex turned up, when they are placed between the

flowers, or geminate, round, and placed above or below

them. - Calyx four-parted, covered with appressed pubes-

cence ; claws linear, yellow, the spoon-shaped segments of

the limb reddish, nodding. Anthers elliptical, subsessile in

the cavities of the calyx. Style twice as long as the calyx,

shining, of a deep purple colour except at the base and

apex, where it is yellow, deciduous, rigid, apex nodding.

Stigma an abrupt, glandular, scarcely-swollen termination

to the style, retained for a time within the calyx, as in the

other species, and when liberated, covered with the yellow,

granular pollen, which gives it a capitate form.

This species flowered in the greenhouse of the Edinburgh

Botanic Garden, in November, 1830, immediately after

B. speciosa, figured at t. 3052 of this work, and continued

also in blossom at the same time with it; the two species

forming a good contrast in their colours and manner of

flowering. The present seems quite different from B.

microstachya of Cavanittrs and B. attenuata of Brown,

with both of which Spreneet unites his B. littoralis. :

I have assigned the specific name to this plant doubtfully,

and have quoted all the authorities above cited, with hesi-

tation ; excepting the Botanical Register; because there

seems some reason to question its identity with the plant

sent from New Holland by Mr. Brown, and cultivated at

Kew, under the specific appellation of B. littoralis. The

specimen which flowered with us was received in 1828

from Mr. Mackay of Clapton, without a name; again in

1829, he kindly communicated a seedling, marked B.

collina, which has proved to be the same, differing only in

being destitute of veins on the back of the leaf. I have a

specimen from Mr. Fraser, of a plant that must rank very

near this, and is chiefly distinguishable by its leaves being

longer, narrower, and quite entire, except near the apex,

where there are four small teeth, and by the branches being

much less hairy. In colour and in the manner of flowering:

it perfectly coincides. Graham.

Fig. 1. Two Flowers. 2. Stigma, with part of the Style.-—Magnified.

WH del? Pab by §.Cartis Walworth. April 11831.

( 3061 )

HuNNEMANNIA FUMARIAFOLIA. FumitTory-

LEAVED HUNNEMANNIA.

Class and Order.

PoxryanpriA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Papaveracez. ) ~

Generic Character.

Cal. diphyllus, caducus. Cor. 4-petala. Anthere line-

ares. Stigma subsessile, peltatum, 4-lobum. Caps. sili-

quiformis, 1-locularis, bivalyis; Semina valvarum margin-

ibus affixa.

Specific Name and Synonym.

Hunnemannta * fumariefolia.

Hounnemannra fumariefolia. Sw. Br. Fl. Gard. t. 276.

Descr. Stem erect, rounded, smooth, glabrous, glau-

cous. Leaves petioled, triternately divided, their segments

linear, rather obtuse, glaucous-green : petiole linear, com-

pressed. Peduncle solitary, terminal, rounded, glabrous.

lower large, handsome, of an uniform beautiful clear

yellow. Calyx of two ovate, concave, glabrous, opposite

leaves. Corolla of four, at length spreading, concave,

waved, broadly obovate, or almost roundish petals. _ Sta-

mens numerous, orange-coloured. Filaments short: jam

ett,

Same

* Named by Mr. Sweer, in compliment to Joun Hunneman, Esq. of

London, who has devoted a long life to furthering the cause of Botanical

science, by facilitating the intercourse between Naturalists of this country and

of the Continent, and by introducing many new seeds and plants to our collec-

— Probably there is not a Botanist, who has not derived advantage

= the friendly services of Mr, HunnemAn, and no one perhaps more

an myself,

linear, two-celled, scarcely so long as the filaments. Pistil

solitary. Germen oblong, tapering upwards into a ve

short style. Stigma peltate, four-lobed ; the lobes spread-

ing and velvety. Capsule siliquiform, with ten prominent

ribs, one-celled, two-valved, many-seeded. Seeds attached

to the marginal sutures, oval, dotted, sessile.

This interesting plant is a native of Mexico, and was

introduced to this country by the late Mr. Barcray, a name

that will be long revered by the Botanist and Cultivator in

this country, and to whom I am indebted for the specimens

here figured. They were produced in the open border at

Bury Hill.

The Genus is allied, as Mr. Swrrr observes, to Meco-

nopsis; but still more so, to the beautiful EscuscHowzi4,

especially in the foliage, the general structure of the

flower, and the siliquiform capsule: but it differs in the

peltate, four-lobed stigma, in the two-leaved calyx, in the

small receptacle of the parts of the flower, and in the

sessile seeds.

—

Fig. 1. Bud. 2. Flower, from which the Calyx is fallen, but with its Petals

not fully expanded. 3. Stamen. 4. Pistil. 5. Capsule (nat. size). 6.

Section of the Capsule. 7. Seed (scarcely mature) :—more or less mag-

nified.

Taelt Pub by & Curtis Walworth April )18 3!

VERNONIA ACUTIFOLIA. SHARP-LEAVED

VERNONIA.

Class and Order.

SynGENEsIA Potycamia AQUALIs.

( Nat. Ord.—Composir2. )

Generic Character.

Involucrum imbricatum. Flosculit tubulosi. -Pappus

duplex : ext. paleaceus: int. pilosus. Receptaculum nu-

um. — erty

Specific Character and Synonym.

Vernonia * acutifolia ; foliis lineari-lanceolatis attenuatis

subdentatis glabriusculis, floribus alternis secundis

sessilibus. ; eg

Vernonia acutifolia. Hortul. —_

Descr. Stem elongated, slender, terete, smooth, or in

_the younger branches very slightly hairy. Leaves four to

SIX or seven inches long, almost sessile, linear-lanceolate,

gradually but much attenuated, submembranaceous, the

margin slightly toothed, dark green and glabrous above,

neath paler, and very obscurely hairy; nerves oblique.

owers solitary, or two together in the axils of the upper

leaves and secund, sessile. Involucre ovate, imbricated :

the outer and greater number of the scales are ovate-

acuminated, green, the point acuminated, rather rigid, and

more or less reflexed ; the innermost row, next the florets,

are linear-spathulate, the upper and broad part rose-colour-

» the rest green. Florets numerous, tubular, purplish |

| rose-

+ Named after Wintiam Vernon, a Botanist and American Traveller,

whose Herbarium came into the possession of Sir Hans Suoane.

rose-colored, five-cleft, the segments linear, patent. Stamens

exserted, purplish. Stigmas recurved, purplish, downy.

Germen obovate, silky. Pappus, with the outer paler

very narrow, short; the inner ones capillary and scabrous.

The present plant was communicated to the Glasgow

Botanic Garden from that of Bayswater, under the hitherto,

I believe, unpublished name of Vernonta acutifolia, but

without any native country being mentioned ; as, however,

I possess the same species, gathered by the late Mr. Boog,

near Rio, in Brazil, our plant here figured, in all probabi-

lity, is of Brazilian origin also. Its nearest relative is,

doubtless, the V. sericea, 8 purpurascens, figured in the

Botanical Register, t. 522: but that has the leaves consider-

ably broader, and silky on both sides. Still, the present

may possibly prove a narrow and nearly glabrous-leaved

variety of it. =

The present plant blossomed in our stove in the month of

December : a season when flowers Jess showy than the pre-

sent are always acceptable. :

—

_Fig. 1. Floret. 2. Inner Scale of the Involucre. 3.3. Outer Scales of

ditto. 4. Portion of the outer and inner Pappus.—Magnijfied.

p, * , ‘ ,

se fab. by S.Curtis,Walworth, doril L1H

( 3063 yy

DRYANDRA NERVOSA. NERVED-LEAVED

DRYANDRA.

KEKE EEE ER EEE EE EK

Class and Order.

TerranpriaA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Prorzacez. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium quadripartitum vel quadrifidum. Stamina

apicibus concavis laciniarum immersa. Sguamule ple

Syne 4. Ovarium biloculare, loculis monospermis. Flli-

culus ligneus: dissepimento libero, bifido. Receptaculum

commune planum, floribus indeterminatim confertis 3 paleis

pestis, raro nullis. Involucrum commune imbricatum.

”. | I)

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Dryanpra* nervosa; foliis profunde pinnatifidis subtus

ferrugineo-tomentosis, lobis linearibus subfalcatis mu-

cronatis nervosis basi dilatatis, involucri bracteis ob-

longo-ovatis ferrugineo-tomentosis, perianthii laciniis

linearibus fulvo-hirsutis apice barbatis.. F

Drvanpra nervosa. ‘“ Mackay, MSS. Catal.” Sweet Fl.

Australasica, t. 22. tl bf Ti og 250A

Descr. A small shrub, about two feet high, with downy,

stout, tortuose branches. Leaves nearly a foot long, in-

cluding the petiole, deeply pinnatifid, coriaceous, dark

Steen above, clothed with rusty down beneath, the seg-

ments one to two inches long, broadly linear, dilated at the

‘ase, acute at the point, marked with three to four parallel

: nerves :

— 5 ‘ fe .*

etme a ran a ene rme

i . Named in compliment to the eminent and learned Swedish Botanist,

brarian to Sir Josern Banks, Jonas Dryanver.

nerves: petioles four to five inches long, rounded, clothed

with rusty down. The young leaves are covered all over

with a rich velvety, red tomentum. Head of Flowers ter-

minal, moderately large, handsome, surrounded at the base

by an involucre of many imbricated, oblongo-ovate leaves

or bracteas; thickly clothed with rusty-coloured down.

Small, subulate scales are mixed with the flowers. Peri-

anth tubular, cut nearly half-way down into four, narrow-

linear, dull orange-coloured, erect lacinia, hairy without,

and bearded at the extremity. Within each of these laci-

niz, lodged in a groove, is a linear anther. Germen linear-

oblong. Style filiform. Stigma clavate.

The present is one of the many fine Austrahan Prorracez

for which our collections are indebted to Mr. Mackay of the

ag Sey Nursery ; and by him plants were communicated

to the Liverpool Botanic Garden, where the flowering spe-

cimen here figured was produced in September, 1830. It

is a native of the South coast of New Holland, whence the

seeds were procured by Mr. Baxrer. It is a plant of con-

siderable beauty, and of much variety of colouring.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Segment of the Perianth, with its Stamen. 3. Pistil.

—Magnijied.

3064,

? ¥

Wh ER tejt

Pub br S. Curtis Walworth AprotLIey.

( 3064 )

Portrutaca Gintiesi. Dr. Gites’

PuRSLANE.

KKK ERE EEE KEKE KEE REE

Class and Order. |

Icosanpria Mownoeynia..

( Nat. Ord.—Porrutacez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. aut liber aut imo ovario adherens, bipartitus, demum

circumscissus et deciduus. Pet. A—6, xqualia, inter se

libera, aut ima, basi concreta, calyci inserta. Stam. 8—15

(v. plura,) filamentis liberis interdum ima corolla adnatis.

Ovarium subrotundatum. Stylus 1, apice 5—6- (9-) fidus,

aut stylus nullus et stigmata 3—8 elongata. Capsula sub-

globosa, 1-locularis, medio circumscissa’:: Semina plurima

placentz (v. placentis tot stigmata) centrali affixa. D C.

Specific Character.

Porturaca Gilliesii; caulibus suberectis basi -_ramosis,

foliis oblongo-cylindraceis subcompressis obtusis punc-

tatis, pilis axillaribus fasciculatis erectis appressis, flo-

ribus terminalibus, petalis calyce longioribus.

[tees

Descr. Perennial. Stem nearly erect, four to five inches

high, stout in proportion to its length, purplish with trans-

verse whitish lines, branched, the branches short, princi-

pally at the base of the stem, sometimes at the extremity.

aves scattered, remote and reflexi-patent on the stem,

dense and rosulate on the branches, linear-oblong, tereti-

compressed, obtuse, green, rosy at the top, and punctated

with white, pellucid dots. In their axils is a tuft of white,

erect, appressed hairs. Calyx of two rather unequal,

broadly oval, membranaceous leaves, scariose and white at

the margin. Petals five, bright red-purple, patent, broadly

Obovato-rotund, waved. Filaments numerous, deep te le.

Anthers roundish, orange. Style filiform. Stigmas seven,

subulate, reflexed, downy.

For this new species of Porrunaca, as well as for the

scarcely more beautiful one, P. grandiflora, (t. 2885) we

are indebted to Dr. Gitties, who communicated seeds from

the plains of Mendoza. With us the plant flowered in

the greenhouse in August. Like all other succulent plants

from the same country, these two species of Portuaca

should be kept dry, especially during winter.

The short, dotted, very obtuse leaves, the upright and

appressed axillary tuft of hairs, together with the large

size of the blossoms, afford abundant characters for distin-

guishing the present species.

fee

Fig. 1. Stamen. 2. Style and Stigmas. 3. Portion of the Stem and

Leaves.—Magnified.

C 3065 )

INDIGOFERA ATROPURPUREA. BLoop-

FLOWERED INDIGOFERA.

KKK KK EEE EERE KER EK EEK

Class and Order. |

DiApELPpHIA DEcANDRIA.

( Nat. Ord —Lereuminosa. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-fidus, lobis acutis. Vexillum rotundatum, emar-

ginatum. Carina utrinque calcare subulato notata, demum

sepe elastice deflexa. Stam. diadelpha. Stylus filiformis,

glaber. Legumen teretiusculum, aut planum aut tetrago-

num, polyspermum, bivalve, rarius oligospermum, ovatum,

iM0 Monospermum subglobosum. Semina ovata, utrinque

truncata, isthmis cellulosis sepe disjuncta. DC.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

INDIGOFERA atropurpurea; caule fruticoso erecto, foliis pin-

natim 5-jugis, foliolis ovato-ellipticis obtusis mu-

' Cronatis margine subundulatis, junioribus adpresse

pubescentibus, adultis glabris, racemis axillaribus

gracilibus inferioribus longitudine foliorum, legumin-

ibus pendulis rectis compressis 8—10-spermis.

INDIGoFERA atropurpurea. ‘ Hamilt. in Hort. Hy . add.

“p. 152.” Don, Prodr, Fl. Nepaul, p. 244. De Cand.

pons. v. 2. p. 225. Spreng. Syst. Veg. Cur. post.

Pp. 285. | fog

7 eee

_, Descr. A shrub three to five feet high, with a straight,

Simple stem, and few branches; the young and tender

__ parts somewhat villous. Leaves pinnate, fr om six to twelve

Inches long. Leaflets opposite, six to eight pairs, shortly

Petioled, oval, entire, smooth on both sides ; their gener

Size about an inch and a half long by one ge |

Stipules subulate; those of the petiole caducous, of the

leaflets (each par of which have two) permanent. Racemes

axillary; by the time the flowers have fallen, considerably

longer than the leaves, sometimes twice their length.

Flowers numerous, scattered, before expansion imbricated,

large, dark purple. Bracteas one-flowered. Legumen

Ph odges smooth, reflexed, six- to twelve-seeded. Roxb.

To the preceding account may be added, that the shrub

grows very large, and when in full blossom is highly orna-

mental on account of its numerous long spikes of dark

purple flowers. It is common in the forests of Nepal, and,

according to Dr. Roxsureu, was introduced thence into

the Calcutta Botanic Garden in 1802, by Dr. Hamirron.

Dr. Roxzureu observes that, “‘ the same plant has been

reared from American seeds, sent without a name from

Philadelphia, by Mr. Witttam Hamirron.” It is very

possible that the Nepal plant may have been introduced

into Mr. Hamitron’s garden at Philadelphia, and acci-

dentally returned again to Calcutta; or that Dr, Roxpures

may haye mistaken a nearly allied species for his I. atro-

ee ; but the former assumption is the most probable.

allich.

Fig. l. Flower, magnified. 2, 3. Fruit, nat. size.

C 3066 ) |

PLADERA DECUsSATA. DecussaTE PLApERA.

Class and Order. © |

TerranpriA Monoeynta.

( Nat. Ord.—Genrianen. )

Generic Character,

Cal. elongatus, 4-dentatus. Cor. infundibuliformis, Jim-

bo irregulari. Stamen unicum reliquis minus. Stigma bi-

lobum. Capsula supera, 1-locularis, 2-bivalvis. Seria

numerosa.

Specific Character-and Synonyms.

Prapera* decussata; annua, caule erecto 4-alato, ramis

decussatis, foliis ovato-lanceolatis 3-nerviis, floribus-

terminalibus trichotome paniculatis. Roxb.

Puapera decussata. Roxb. in Fl. Ind. v.1. p.478. Spreng.

Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 427.

Descr. Root small, annual, fibrous. Stem scarcely a

span high, erect, glabrous, four-sided, the angles four-

winged, branched, the branches decussate, equally four-

Winged. Leaves few, opposite : the lowest roundish-oval,

the rest ovato-lanceolate, all three-nerved, entire ; the up-

permost small, bracteiform. Flowers in a trichotomous

panicle ; peduncles and pedicels four-winged : the flowers

ag on the pedicels. Calyx elongated with four winged

eels, four-toothed. Corolla, with the tube as long as the

calyx, infundibuliform ; the limb three-lobed, lobes round-

ed, the lower one bifid, (two united,) keeled at the back.

Stamens four, of which three are alternate with the saree

; Oo 3

jer

7 From mradapos, full of moisture perhaps from growing in moist situa-

“ions, certainly not from the nature of the plant itself.

lobes, and the fourth smaller and apparently abortive; one

is situated within the keel of the lower lobe: this has a

thickened, clavate filament, and a small, ovate anther,

whereas the others have filiform filaments and oblong

anthers. Germen cylindrical, one-celled, many seeded :

the seeds attached to the sutures of the valves: Style fili-

form, shorter than the germen: Stigma two-lobed.

Two species of this Genus were referred by Linnzus to

Exacum, a third constituted the Genus Canscora of La-

mMARCK ; but this was so imperfectly defined, that the MSS.

name of Prapera of Soranper has been preferred, establish-

ed by Roxgures in the FI. Indica, and adopted by Cuamisso

and ScutecuTenpat in the Linnaa, and by Spreneex in his

Systema Vegetabilium. Five species are described by Dr.

Roxsuren. The present one seems to accord with his P.

decussata, an inhabitant, indeed, of Bengal ; whereas, our

plants, which flowered in the stove of the Glasgow Botanic

Garden, in July, 1830, were raised from seeds communicated

by Dr. Linpsay, from Nepal.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Upper portion of the Corolla, cut open to show the

Stamens. 3, 4, Stamens. 5. Pistil. 6. Section of the Germen.—Magat-

fied.

Swan Se.

May 11831

Curtis Walwerth,

Pub by

D! Crerille del*

€ 38067 )

MIMULUS PERFOLIATUS. PERFOLIATE

MonkKEY-F LOWER.

KEKE KEKE EEK KKK KEKE KEKE

Class and Order. :

eal

P* ee

DipynamiA ANGIOSPERMIA. ~—

( Nat. Ord.—Scropnutarineg. )

Generic CNaacter.

Calyx tubulosus, angulatus, 5-dentatus. Corolla perso-

nata ; labio superiore bilobo lateribus reflexo ; inferiore

trifido, laciniis subequalibus. Stamina 4, didynama. An-

therarum lobis divaricatis. Stigma bilamellatum. Capsula

calyce inclusa, bilocularis, loculicido-bivalvis ; valvis in-

tegris. Kunth. )

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Mimuuus * perfoliatus ; caule erecto alato, foliis lanceolatis

amplexicaulibus brevi-pubescentibus pedunculo axil-

lari solitario subcymoso multo longioribus. Graham.

Mimutus perfoliatus. “Humb. et Kunth, Nov. Gen. v. 2. p.

298. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 799.

Conozea alata. Graham, in Ed. New Phil. Journ. Oct.

Descr. Root creeping. Stem (two feet and a half high)

erect, glabrous, shining, four-sided, four-winged, wings

undulate, and sparingly ciliated. Branches decussating,

Spreading widely similar to the stem. Leaves (ten inches

long, two broad) opposite, spreading horizontally, acutely

Serrulate, lanceolate, attenuated and entire towards the

ase, at their origin dilated and stem-clasping, much vein-

ed and reticulated, soft, covered on both sides with voy

short s

een

* From sue, an ape, which the flowers are supposed to resemble.

VOL. y. 5

short pubescence, bright green above, somewhat glaucous

below, middle-rib very strong, and with the veins pro-

‘minent below. Peduncles axillary, opposite, four-sided,

closely applied to the upper surface of the leaves, and (in-

cluding the pedicels) about a fifth of their length, pubes-

cent, bracteate, trifid, the lateral branches again dividing

in the same way; pedicels like the peduncles, but less

distinctly angled. Bracteas lanceolate, entire, acuminate,

Calyx green, oblique, five-ribbed, five-toothed, pubescent

on the outside, persisting. Corolla (eight lines long, four

and a half across) yellow, bilabiate ; tube elongated, com-

pressed laterally in its lower, vertically in its upper half,

nearly thrice the length of the calyx ; upper lip bifid, re-

volute, lower lip spreading forwards, plicate, trifid, revolute

at the apices, all the lobes rounded ; two very prominent

ridges, very hairy, and somewhat orange-coloured, extend

backwards into the corolla from the central lobe of the

lower lip. Stamens didynamous, included ; filaments gla-

brous, yellow, adhering to the corolla for about half their

length, connivent ; anthers bilobular, lobes divergent ;

pollen white. Pistil as long as the stamens; stigma bifid,

white, lobes broad, revolute, upper surface pubescent;

style straight, white, filiform, glabrous, marcescent; germen

ovate, green, glabrous, four-valved, bilocular ; ovules very

numerous, attached to a large central receptacle, a trams-

verse section of which presents a kidney-shaped surface in

each loculament.

This plant was raised in the garden of P. Neizz, Esq.

at Canonmills, from Mexican seeds, communicated by Mr.

D. Don, as probably, a species of Conozga, and flowered in

the greenhouse, in September, 1830. Graham.

Since the above was written, Mr. Don has had an oppor-

tunity, in the garden of Messrs. Wuitiey & Co., of examil-

ing specimens of this plant, flowering freely in the ope

air, and has determined it to be a Mrmuuvs, nearly allied to,

if not the same as, M. AE pets of Humsotpt and Kunta. —

Their description, indeed, so well accords with our plant, —

that I have little hesitation in adopting the name.

———

(Fig: 1. Flower. 2. Back view of an Anther. 3. Front view of ditto. +

Pistil. 5. Young Fruit : nat. size. 6. Immature Capsule. 7. Section os

nearly ripe Germen.—All but fig. 5, more or less magnified.

WS. H. del? Pub:by 8.Curlis Walworth, May 1 1851.

( 3068 )

KRANTHEMUM strictum. Upricnr

ERANTHEMUM.

Sea Soba skooekskokeokeokeobeobeateote

Class and Order.

Dianpria Monoeyntia.

( Nat. Ord.—Acanruacea. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-partitus, equalis. Cor. hypocrateriformis, limbo

5-partito, equali v. parum inequali. Stam. 2 antherifera,

exserta. Anthere loculis parallelis muticis. Filamenta 2

sterilia. Ovarii loculi dispermi. Caps. valvule naviculares,

dissepimento adnato. Semina retinaculis subtensa. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Erantuemum * strictum ; suffruticosum, erectum, pubes-

cens, ramis adscendentibus decussatis simplicibus,

foliis lanceolatis obscure crenulatis, spicis terminalibus :

Sracilibus valde elongatis, bracteis oppositis decussatis

unifloris demum remotis. Wall. ig Pak Be ;

Eranruemum strictum. “ Colebr.’ Wall. in Fl. Ind. v. 1.

p. 114, Bot. Reg. v.10. t. 867.

ieee

eS Descr. A small shrub, of about four or five feet in

height, slightly covered with short hairs. Stem almost

_ round, jointed, sending out quadrangular, slender branches

I remote pairs. Leaves about four inches long, acute at

_ €ach end; their margins somewhat revolute and crenulate,

smooth, shining, and of a peculiar eyish green colour

_ above, ve pale, and with prominent, hairy, and reticulated

_ ferves and veins below. ‘The uppermost or floral leaves,

; —

——— ——

age

_* From «ap, spring, and avbos, a flower. Sir J. E. Suita suspects from _

"5, love, on account of the beauty of the flower.

at the base of the spikes, approach to the size and figure of

the bracteas. Petioles about an inch long, flattened above,

and slightly marginated by the decurrent base of the leaf.

Spikes solitary, erect, one to two feet long. Rachis sharply

quadrangular, almost four-winged. Flowers large, dark

blue, opposite, in alternate pairs, which become remote as

the spike lengthens. Bracteas appressed, imbricating, their

extremities cuneato-lanceolate, dark green, acute, ciliated,

about an inch long ; the lowermost barren, and becommg

floral leaves. Interior two very small, scarcely longer than

the five calycine segments, and like them linear, pubescent.

Tube of the Corolla slender, pubescent, slightly enlarged

towards the mouth, about twice the length of the outer

bractea. Segments obovate, truncate, spreading, and flat,

equal, very pale below. Two filiform, barren stamens are

between the filaments. Anthers in the mouth of the co-

rolla, with parallel cells.

This is almost an equally desirable inmate of the stove

with the well-known E. pulchellum, for although the flowers

are not so numerous as in that species, yet they are indivi-

dually larger, and quite as beautiful in colour.

Our collections are indebted for its introduction to Dr.

Watucu. The plant from which our figure was taken,

flowered in the hothouse of the Glasgow Botanic Garden ;

but being a native of Nepal, it will probably succeed

equally well in the greenhouse.

—

————

Fig. 1. Calyx and Bracteas. 2, Stamens. 3, Pistil.—Magnified.

WJ. Edel: Pub: by 8. Curtis Walworth May 1. 1S3C.

Seat

( 3069 )

BROWALLIA GRANDIFLORA. LARGE-

FLOWERED BROWALLIA.

EEK KEKE KEKE KEE EERE

Class and Order.

DipynaM1A ANGIOSPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord.—ScropuutarinzZ. )

Generic Character.

Cal. tubulosus, 5-fidus. Cor. tubo apice subinflato, limbo

hypocrateriformi, lobis subeequalibus. Stam. inclusa. An-

there inequales. Caps. 2-locularis, 2-valvis. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Browatua* grandiflora; caule diffuso ramoso, foliis ovatis

acutis, pedunculis axillaribus unifloris vel in racemis

terminalibus dispositis, ramulis calycibusque adultis

glabris. E

Browauuis grandiflora. Bot. Reg. t. 1384? Graham m

Edin. Phil. Journ. Dec. 1830.

pee

Descr. Annual. Stem herbaceous, diffused, branched,

smooth, green, purplish below; branches spreading, smooth

and shining, scattered. Leaves ovate, acuminate, atten-

uated into a petiole, smooth and shining, the middle rib

and converging veins prominent below, and channelled

above. Peduncles straight, single-flowered, axillary, and

longer than the diminished leaves near the termination of

the branches, or collected into lax, terminal racemes,

when young glanduloso- pubescent. Calyx five - cleft,

smooth, or, when young, glanduloso-villous, many-nerved,

nerves branching ; segments unequal, spreading, linear,

channelled. Corolla hypocrateriform ; tube longer than

—

: Pera after Joun Browaut, a Swede, perm of re meets tobe

and subsequent rupture between Browavt ant » wel

commemorated by the tastiest the specific appellations which he bestowed on

the only three individuals of the Genus then known. B. elata apne

degree of their union; B. demissa, its cessation; while the ambiguous ——

the third species, B. alienata, while it intimates the uncertam characters ¢ of

the plant, implies also the subsequent difference between the parties. —

the calyx, slightly inflated towards the top, and compressed

vertically, glanduloso-villous, greenish-yellow, marked, as

well as the calyx, with dark streaks ; mb plicate in the

bud, when expanded flat, white, or very pale lilac, witha

yellow throat, yellow on the outside, bilabiate, the upper

lip linear and emarginate, the lower much larger, semicir-

cular, formed of four united, obcordato-cuneate lobes, each

smaller than the upper lip. Stamens didynamous, adhering

to the inside of the tube, the two longer ones closing the

throat of the corolla with the upper part of their filaments,

which is bent down, flattened and hairy above, their anthers

included, having one perfect and one abortive lobe, divari-

cated, compressed, and opening along their upper edge ;

Jilaments of the shorter stamens flexuose at the top, filiform

and smooth, their anthers bilobular, both the lobes perfect,

divaricated and compressed, bursting along their upper

edges ; pollen and anthers of all the stamens yellow. Ger-

men ovate, and slightly compressed, pubescent, bilocular,

bivalvular, the dissepiment proceeding from the centre of

the valves across the shorter diameter of the germen ; semt-

nal receptacle large, central, covered with numerous ovules.

Style filiform, glabrous, longer than the shorter, shorter

than the longer stamens, tortuose at the top. Stigma qua-

drangular, peltate, green, obscurely four-lobed, having two

depressions or cells in the upper margin, where the anthers

of the longer stamens are lodged, and two obscure depres-

sions on the lower side, where the anthers of the shorter

stamens appear to be placed. 3 Bo

I am indebted to Dr. Hooxer for the description of the style

and stigma, and for some observations regarding the anthers, for

the style was lost in the only flower which I reserved for dissection,

when the specimen was sent to him to be figured in the Botanical

Magazine. The anthers on the longer and shorter stamens ap-

peared to him to be alike, reniform, and one-celled; but I am

uite certain that the above description of what I saw is accurate*

the appearance probably varying from abortion. Hy

We received this plant from the Botanic Garden, Glasgow, 12

October last, having been raised there from seeds collected by Mr.

Crucksuanks, near Yazo, in the yalley of Canta, in Peru. It is

now (December) flowering very freely in the greenhouse, and

probably will be found to bear cultivation as a very ornamenta

annual in the open border. Graham.

_ The plant figured in the Botanical Register above quoted, has _

the flowers considerably smaller and the leaves more cordate than

in Dr. GraHawm’s, and appears to be raised from seeds of another

kind of Browatxta, in Mr. Cruckxsuanks’ Herbarium, which} —

have rather been disposed to consider as B. demissa.

Fig. 1. Portion of the Corolla with Stamens and the upper part of the Style. 2- - : :

upper Stamen. 3. A lower ditto, 4. Anthers of a lower Stamen. 5. Pistil. oe

Stigma. 7. Section of the Germen :— Magnified, me

3079.

Pub: by 8. Curis, Walworth, May 11831

W LH. del?

( 3070 )

ScuizANTuus Hooxkeri. AcUTE-PETALED

ScuHIZANTHUS.

KEK KKK EEE EE EEEE EEE

Class and Order.

Dianpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Scropuutarina. )

Generic Character.

Corolla irregularis, labio superiore quinquefido, inferiore

tripartito. Stamina 2 antherifera, 2 sterilia, filamentis vil-

losis. Capsula bilocularis.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Scmizanruus Hookeri ; corolla tubo limbum equante, labio:

inferiore longe bicornuto, labii superioris lobo medio

longe acuminato.

Scuizanruus Hookeri. Gillies MSS. Graham in Edin.

Phil. Journ. 1830. 7 ae

‘=e

Descr. Biennial? Stem herbaceous, stout, branched.

Branches diffuse, whole surface covered with glandular

pubescence. Leaves variable, once or twice pinnatifid,

lacinie incised. ‘Pedicels (three-fourths of an inch long)

secund, both in flower and fruit, erect. Flowers in large

ranching, terminal, bracteated panicles. Calyx persistent,

five-parted, four of the segments suberect, the upper rather

shorter than the next, while the longest, which is closely

applied to the underside of the tube of the corolla, is con-

siderably longer than any of the others, at least in the culti-

vated specimens. Corolla an inch across in both directions,

slightly pubescent externally, two-lipped ; upper lip, as in

the other species, three-lobed, the central lobe much nar-

Tower than in S. porrigens, or S. pinnatus (the latter cer-

tainly distinct from S. pinnatus of Ruiz and Pavon) entire, —

With prominent edges forming the throat, with its sides —

revolute towards the apex, and drawn out to a long, erect a

point, which, as well as its base, and the whole remainder

of the corolla, is of an uniform pale rose lilac, rather darker

and somewhat streaked on the outside, the centre orange-

coloured, with a few dark purple streaks; lateral lobes

bipartite, each segment bifid ; lower-lip tripartite, lateral

segments linear, very narrow, spreading, and half the length

of the central one, which is notched, and each segment is

drawn out into a long beak ; tube slightly curved, laterally

compressed, and longer than the limb. Stamens four; fila-

ments pubescent at the base, the two upper ones very short,

abortive, and projecting forwards from the edge of the

central lobe of the upper lip, at its base, the two others

rising from the base of the lower lip, nearly reaching to the

fissure in its central lobe, and as in the other species, re-

tained within this till the pollen is ripe, after which they

advance, and pass forward in straight, parallel lines from

the centre of the flower: anthers large, green, broadly

elliptical, notched at their base, bilobular, bursting along

their inner surface ; pollen greenish-yellow. Stigma very

minute, terminal. Style rather longer than the stamens,

ascending at its extremity, lilac. Germen small, conical,

yellow, bilobular. Ovules numerous, attached to a central

receptacle in each loculament, capsule ovate, longer than

the calyx, two-valved, valves bifid. Seeds brown, dotted,

somewhat scaly, reniform, or so much bent round that their

extremities meet.

This remarkably distinct species of ScuizanrHus was

raised by James Boog, Esq. in his garden at Portobello,

from seed brought to this country by my excellent friend,

Dr. Gitures, having been gathered by him in various places

on the Chilian side of the Cordillera of the Andes, at an

elevation of eight or nine thousand feet above the level of

the sea. The seed was sown in the spring of 1829, in the

open border, and the plants not having flowered, they were

taken into the house during winter, and replanted abroad

in March. The flowers began to appear in June, and were

abundantly produced during the whole summer. Thus

treated, Scuizanruus Hooker? has proved itself of biennial

duration, at least; whether it may be longer lived, oF

whether, if raised in a greater degree of heat, the plant

might not have blossomed in the first year and afterw

died, Iam unable tosay. Dr. Giuies obligingly informed

me when the flowers first appeared, expressing his convic-

tion, that the species was hitherto undescribed ; he

narrated its most characteristic features, and enclosed 4

specimen. Graham.

Fig. 1. Flower, magnified. 2. Fruit, nat. size.

a Sait h~

TI Micholsen. MD. delt Pu bby 8. €urtis Walworth. Mayl I83.

( 3071 )

JANIPHA Maninot. EATABLE-ROOTED

Puysic-Nut, Birrer Cassapa, MANIoc, or

TAPIOCA.

ny . : Se oa ee ee ee

Class and Order.

Monazc1a DEcANDRIA.

( Nat. Ord.— EvurnorsiAcez. )

Generic Character.

Masc. Cal. nullus. Cor. campanulata, quinquefida.

Stam. 10, libera. Nectarium 10-radiatum. Fam.

nullus. Cor. 5-partita. Stigma amplum, carnosum, cris-

_ tatum, multifidum. Capsula ovata, apice acutiuscula, tri-

occa. Pohl, (sub Manihot.) on ee

Specific Character and Synonyms.

—Jantpua * Manihot; foliis palmatis 5—7 -partitis glabris

subtus glaucis, laciniis lanceolatis integerrimis, flori-

bus racemosis.

Janipna Manihot. Humb. et Kunth, Nov. Gen. v. 2. p. 85.

Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 3. p. 77. ae

Mantnor itiliesitak. * Poli, Pl. Brasil. Icon. v. 1. p. 32.

Jarropua Manihot. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1428. Ait. Hort.

Kew. ed. 2. v. 5. p. 330. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 4. p. 562.

Lunan, Hort. Jamaic. v. 1. p. 161. J

Jatropna. xn. 5. Brown, Jam. p. 350. tee

Ricinus

(eens

fo cme

* Janrpna is an Indian name, applied to another species of this Genus,

the Jarrorna Janipha of cores P Maxraor is equally an Indian appella-

tion, by which the various kinds are known in Brazil. ‘The Genus, therefore,

being separated from Jarropua, the Generic name of ManinoT would have

n more properly applied to it, as has already been done by PLuMIER,

Tournerort, Apanson, and, subsequently, by Pont JANIPHA Was, how-

ever, established by Kuna, and has been sanctioned by Jussieu, SPRENGEL, —

and the majority of Botanists. = Se

Ricinus minor, &c. Sloane, Jam. v. 1. p. 130, t. 85, et t.

141. f. 1. (root) et vol. 2. App. t. 6. f. 1.

Maninot Theveti, Yucca, et Cassavi. Bauh. Hist. v. 2.

p. 794.

Descr. “ This has an oblong, tuberous root, as big as

one’s fist, having some fibres drawing its nourishment, and

being full of a wheyish, venomous juice. The stalks are

white, crooked, brittle, having a very large pith, and

several knobs sticking out on every side like warts, being

the remains of the footstalks of the leaves, which have

dropped off. The plant usually rises six to seven feet

high, and has a smooth, white bark; the branches, which

come out on every side towards the top, are crooked, and

have, on every side, near their tops, leaves, irregularly

placed” (Stoane), on long, terete petioles, broadly cordate

im their outline, divided nearly to their base into five

spreading, lanceolate, entire segments, attenuated at both

extremities, dark green above, pale glaucous beneath; the

midrib strong, prominent below, and there yellowish-red :

from it there branch off several oblique veins, connected by

lesser transverse ones. Stipules small, lanceolate, acumi-

nate, caducous. Panicles or compound racemes, axillary

and terminal, four to five inches long, bearing sometimes

all male or all female flowers, at other times these are mixed

on the same peduncle. Pedicels with small, subulate,

bracteas at their base. Male flower smaller than the

female. Perianth single, purplish on the outside, fulvous-

brown within, cut about half-way down into five, spreading

segments. In the centre of the flower is an orange-colour-

ed, fleshy, ten-rayed mectary, and the ten stamens alternate

with its lobes or rays. Filaments shorter than the perianth,

white, filiform, free. Anthers linear-oblong, yellow. Pol-

len globular, yellow. Female flower of the same colour a8

the male, deeply five-partite, the laciniz lanceolato-ovate,

spreading. Nectary an annular, orange-coloured gland oF

ring, in which the purple, ovate, furrowed germen is 1m-

bedi ed: Style short: Stigmas three, reflexed, furrowed,

and plaited, white. Capsule ovate, trigonous, tricoccous-

— elliptical, black, shining, with a thick, fleshy, seed-

We learn from the Hortus Kewensis, that the CassavA has

been cultivated in the stoves of Great Britain ever since the —

year 1739, having been introduced from South Ane

* w e . 7

where it is most extensively grown, on account of its useful

and medicinal properties. Some have supposed its native

country to be Africa, but Pout expressly states it to be

indigenous to Brazil, where there exist many apparent

varieties, differing chiefly in the breadth of the sezments of

their leaves, which that author has distinguished in his truly

splendid ‘‘ Icones et Descriptiones Plantarum Brasilie,” as

so many distinct species. Indeed, he says himself, of his

dwarf “ Maninor pusilla, Ego quidem meam Maninor

pusillam primitivam ipsius Manor utilissime plantam

esse censeo.”’

It is stated in the Hortus Kewensis, that the Jarropna

Manihot blossoms in our collections in the months of July

and August. But I have never been able to procure recent

flowering specimens ; and I have felt greatly obliged to my

valued correspondent, Dr. Nicnorson of Antigua, for an

excellent drawing, here given, made from the recent plant

m that island. :

Two kinds are especially cultivated in the Colonies, the

Sweet Cassada of Browne’s Jamaica (p. 350) and Lunan’s

Hort. Jam. (v. 1. p. 163.) Maninor Azpi, Pout ; whose root

is of a white colour, and free from deleterious qualities : and

the Bitter Cassada, whose root is yellowish, and abounds in

@ poisonous juice. We shall confine our observations to

the latter kind, which is the one here figured and described.

hey seem not to differ in botanical character. ie

When it is considered, that the Manioc belongs to a tribe

of plants, the Evpnorsracex, which is essentially distin-

Suished by its acrid and poisonous qualities, and that the

root of the plant itself abounds in a juice of this peculiar

character, it cannot fail to excite astonishment in the minds

of those who are not already aware of the fact, that it never-

theless yields an abundant flour, rendered innocent indeed

by the art of man, and thus most extensively employed in

lieu of bread, throughout a very large portion of South

America: and that even to our country it is lar, ely im-

ported, and served up at table, under the name of Tapzoca.

Such is the poisonous nature of the expressed juice of the

Mantoc, that it has been known to occasion death in a few

minutes. By means of it, the Indians destroyed many of

their Spanish persecutors. M. Ferrer, a physician at

urinam, administered a moderate dose to dogs and cats,

Who died in a space of twenty-five minutes, passed in great

torments. Their stomachs, on being opened, exhibited no

‘Symptoms of inflammation, nor affection of the viscera, nor

; was

was the blood coagulated, whence it appeared, that the

poison acted on the nervous system ; an idea that was con-

firmed, by thirty-six drops being afterwards administered

toa crimmal. ‘These had scarcely reached the stomach,

when the man writhed and screamed with the agonies under

which he suffered, and fell into convulsions, in which he

expired in six minutes. Three hours afterwards, the body

was opened, but no alteration was found, except that the

stomach was shrunk to less than half its natural size: so that

it would appear that the fatal principle resides in a volatile

substance, which may be dissipated by heat; as, indeed, is

satisfactorily proved, by the mode of preparing the root

for food. |

By various processes, by bruising between stones, by a

coarse rasp, or by a mill, the root of the Manroc is broken

into small pieces, then put into a sack, and subjected toa

heavy pressure, by which all the juice is expressed. What

remains is Cassava or Cassada, which, if properly dried, is

capable of being preserved for a great length of time.

In French Guiana, according to Auster, Cassava flour is

made, by toasting the grated root over the fire, in which —

state, if kept from humidity, it will continue good

twenty years. vias

Cassava-cake or Cassava-root is the meal, or the grated,

expressed, and dried root of the Manroc, pounded in a

mortar, passed through a coarse sieve, and baked on flat

. circular iron plates fixed ina stove. The particles of meal —

are united by the heat, and when thoroughly baked in this

manner, form cakes, which are sold at the markets, and ual

versally esteemed as a wholesome kind of bread. The

Spaniards, when they first discovered the West Indies, found

this in general use among the native Indians, who call dit :

Cazabbi, and by whom it was preferred to every other kin

of bread, on account of its easy digestion, the facility W!

which it was cultivated, and its prodigious increase.” — .

wn Lunan’s Hort. Jamaic. Again, in Guiana, Cipipa is ane —

ther preparation from this plant, and is the name given t03 —

very fine and white fecula, which, according to AuBuET, * —

derived from the expressed juice of the roots, which is de

canted off, and suffered to rest some time, when it deposits =

an amylaceous substance, which requires repeated washing: S

I know not whether this is exactly analogous to our Taptoc® —

«The juice,” says Stoang, “‘ evaporated over the fire, ge

the Tipioca meal.” But Lunan tells us, that from 4° —

“ roots of the Sweet Cassada, Tapioca is made in Jamar

in every respect similar to that imported ; which is done by

grating them, washing and infusing them in water, and

evaporating the liquor so as to obtain a sediment like

starch, which must be well dried in the sun.”

The root of the Mantoc is also the basis of several kinds

of fermented liquors; and an excellent condiment for sea-

soning meats, called Cabion, or Capion, is eg from

the juice, and said to sharpen the appetite. The leaves

beaten and boiled are eaten after the manner of Spinach;

and the fresh root is employed in healing ulcers.

From what has been above stated, it will appear, that the

expression of the juice from the root deprives the latter of

all its deleterious properties ; and that the application of

heat to these juices, renders their residue also, wholesome

and nourishing. And whilst Cassava-bread is, as Stoane

says, in the most general demand of any provision all over

the West Indies, and is employed to victual ships ; the use

of Tapioca is still more extended, and throughout Europe

is largely employed, for the same purposes as Sago and

Arrow-root. é .

An acre of ground planted with Manroe, yields nourish-

ment to a greater number of persons, than six acres culti-

vated with the best Wheat: but it is probable that it

greatly exhausts the soil. The estate of Mandiocca in

Brazil,the late residence of M. De Lanesporrr, is so called

on account of the excellency of the Manioc, or Mandiocca

roots, which are cultivated on it. There, after burning

the felled trees, the lands are planted with cuttings, (mant-

bas ) of this plant. In eighteen or twenty months, durin

Which time the farmer endeavours above all things to chee

their upward growth by breaking out the buds, the roots

ave attained their full size. Each plantation usually

yields three crops, and is then abandoned. (Spix and

artius’ Travels in Brazil.

eee

Flowers. 2. Panicle, with mostly

Fig. 1. Branch of a plant with Female

Male Flowers. 3. Pistil 4. Stamens and Nectary. 5. Anther. 6.

—3, 4, 5, magnified.

( 3072 )

_ Cnrysopnytium Cainito. Broap-LEAvVED

Star-AppLe.

ERK KEKE EEE KEE EEE EEE

Class and Order.

PEnTANDRIA Mownoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Saporez. )

Generic Character. —

Cal. 5- seu 4-partitus. Cor. campanulata, 5—4-fida.

Stamina tubo corolla inserta, laciniis opposita. Stylus

brevis. Stigma subsessile, peltatum. Bacca 1—10-locula-

ris, 1—10-sperma.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Curysopnyttum* Cainito; foliis ellipticis supra nitidis

subtus aureo-sericeis parallelo-venosis, pedunculis

sparsis axillaribus terminalibusque aggregatis unifloris.

Curysopuytium Cainito. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 278. Willd. Sp.

Pl. v. 1. p. 1083. Jacq. Am. p. 51. t. 37. Lam. Ill.

t.120. Gaertn. de Fruct. v. 3. p. 120. t. 201. Ait.

Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 2. p. 12. Spreng. Syst. Veg.

v. 1. p. 666. ee

Curysopnytium 1-fructu majori globoso, foliis subtus ferru-

gineis. Browne, Jam. p. 171. t. 14. f. 2. ;

Anona, foliis subtus ferrugineis, &c. Sloane, Jam. v. 2. p.

170. ¢. 229, a

(8.) fructu purpureo, C. jamaicense. Jacg. Am. p. 52.

(y.) fructu ceeruleo, C. cceruleum. Jacq. Am. p. 52.

Descr. This tree is described in its native climate as .

* rising to a height of thirty or forty feet, and having a

trunk

fps the color of the underside of

xpve0s, gold, and Qudro», a leaf, from the color :

the leaves, “ Cainito is the American name of the plant.

trunk a foot in diameter, clothed with a reddish-brown

bark, with branches and twigs spreading on every side, and

reaching almost to the ground.”— Sloane. The young

branches are clothed with silky, ferruginous, appressed

hairs. The leaves are alternate, elliptical, four to five

inches long, entire, shortly acuminated, dark green and

glabrous, or with only a few scattered hairs above, beneath

glossy, with abundant, closely-pressed, golden-rust-colour-

ed hairs, (aureo-nitentia) which give a satiny appearance,

“in beauty and strangeness,” says Sioang, “ much beyond

any leaf I ever beheld.” The nerves are numerous, parallel,

and transverse. Petioles short, scarcely more than half an

inch long. The flowers arise from the axils of the leaves,

or sometimes from the extremity of the young branches:

they are on short, single- flowered, aggregated stalks,

shorter than the petioles. Calyx in five, in our specimens

four, deep roundish lobes, rust-coloured, and satiny. Corolla

subcampanulate, yellowish-white, the limb cut into five or

four roundish lobes. Stamens inserted at the base of the

limb, and opposite the lobes of it, very small. Filaments

short, scarcely longer than the rounded, two-lobed anthers.

Germen ovate, hairy: Style shorter than the germen : Stigma

obtuse. The fruit is a large, globose, ten-celled Berry,

in which, however, some of the cells are usually abortive.

Seed large, compressed, marked with an umbilical areola :

its albumen fleshy. The Embryo large, erect, the cotyle-

dons fleshy, with a curved radicle.

The Star-apple is a well-known fruit of the West Indies,

where, however, it appears to be more esteemed by the

natives than itis by Europeans; yet I am not aware that any

good figure of it exists in the more recent Botanical publi-

cations. In our stoves, where it has been known since

1737, when it was introduced by Pum Mitzzr, it recom-

mends itself by the beauty of its foliage, particularly on the

underside: for its flowers not only appear but seldom, but

they are small in size, and by no means of a brilliant colour.

They were produced in the month of November, 1830, in

the stove of the Glasgow Botanic Garden. With the view

to render the figure more complete, the fruit and seeds are

_§iven, copied from Gartner. j

The wood is said to be serviceable for indoor work, if

preserved from moisture.

——"

* Fig. 1. Flower. 2. The same cut open, nat. size. 3. Fruit cut ope?

ederghra 4, Seed, 5. Seed cut through transversely (from Gar TNER-)s

nat. size, ae

( 3073.)

ARGEMONE GRANDIFLORA. LARGE-FLOWERED

Mexican Poppy. here

Class and Order. Atte

Potyanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Papaveracez. ) -

Generic Character. —

Pet. 4A—6. Stamina plurima. Stylus vix ullus: Stig-

mata 4A—7, radiantia, concava, libera. Capsula obovata,

1-locularis, valvulis apice dehiscens, placentis linearibus.

Semina spherica, scrobiculata.—Flores flavi aut albi. Pe-’

dunculi ante anthesin erecti. D C. BR Ga6

Specific Character and Synonyms.

ArcgemMonEe* grandiflora ; foliis pinnatifidis sinuatis parce

pa catg Make caule hlyceaiie levibus, capsula ob- _

longa tetragona nudiuscula.

ArcEmone grandiflora. Sweet, Br. Fl. Gard. t. 226. Bot. —

Reg. t. 1264. Lodd. Bot. Cab. t, 242. a

See

Descr. A hard rennial, throwing up a much branch-

ed, rounded stem eee to four feet high, which, upwards

especially, is of a pale yellowish-green colour, with a red-

dish tinge arising from numerous fine streaks of that colour,

unarmed as well as the peduncles. Leaves numerous,

mostly large, plane, or sligou? waved, green, whitish d

€ centre, pinnatifid, sinuated and beset with soft an

Temote spinous teeth, the base amplexicaul, the i

* Derived from ar; ema, the cataract of the eye, and which again is thus

named from apyos, ieloge. The Greeks so called a plant, perhaps this, which

they Considered beneficial in the cure of that complaint.

ones small and scarcely pinnatifid. Flowers large, in pani-

cles. Calyx caducous, of three concave, glabrous leaves,

each lengthened into a soft horn. Petals six, nearly or-

bicular, pure white, and extremely delicate. Stamens nu-

merous, spreading, and lying over each other with great

regularity, ome Pistil obtusely four-angled,

linear-oblong. Stigma nearly sessile, rich purple, downy,

with four impressed, bright blue spots. Capsule (scarcely

mature) oblong, with a few soft, spinous hairs, one-celled,

with four parietal receptacles, to which many seeds are

attached.

Introduced by Mr. Barcray among many other rarities

from Mexico ; and now, by that gentleman’s well-known

liberality, it has become a not uncommon inmate of our

gardens, producing freely its fine white blossoms with their

orange stamens and brilliant stigma, through the whole

summer months. Its stem and peduncles are quite smooth,

and the fruit has only a few soft spinous teeth, Apres

none of those “ sharpe and venomous prickles,” describ

by old Gerarpe as characteristic of the A. mexicana, of

such a nature, “ that whosoever had one of them in his

nate doubtless it would send him either to heaven or to

e. od

* See the account of ARGEMONE mevicana in t. 243 of the Old Series of

this Work. 4

—_—___

_ Sea

Fig. 1. Stamen. 2. Section of an unripe Capsule.

W 7 W.delt

Pab by S Curtis Claze

(3074 ).

DENDROBIUM SPECIOSUM. GREAT

DENDROBIUM.

Class and Order.

GYNANDRIA MOoNANDRIA.

( Nat. Ord —OrcuipE#. )

Generic Character.

Labellum ecalearatum, articulatum cum apice processus

unguiformis, cujus lateribus petala antica adnata, calcar

xmulantia. Masse pollinis 4, parallele. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Denprorium speciosum; caulibus erectis apice 2—3-phyllis,

foliis ovali-oblongis integerrimis racemo terminali mul-

tifloro brevioribus, perianthii foliolis angusto-oblongis,

labello infra divisuram carina unica, lobo intermedio

latiore quam longo ecarinato. Br.

Denpronium speciosum. Sm. Ex. Bot. p. 17. t. 10. Br.

Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 332. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2.

v. 5. p. 212. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 3. p. 738.

eee

Descr. Stem a foot or more high, somewhat swollen,

bulbiform, striated, jointed, aheathed with pale membrana-

ceous scales, terminated by three large, coriaceous, oval-

oblong, obtuse leaves, dark green above, paler beneath,

obscurely striated, eight to nine inches long. From the

centre of these, and from the extremity of the stem, arises

the pedunculated ruceme, a foot and a half long: its pedun-

cle sheathed with large scales or bracte@. — Flowers resup!-

nate, numerous, of an uniform, pale yellow colour, (except

the lip,) deeper towards the extremity, generally secund

When most expanded, though the -buds point in various

directions, scentless. Petals narrow-oblong, nearly equal,

except that the two upper ones which cover the lip are

| somewhat

* VOL. ve 2 - :

somewhat falcate, and are swollen at. the base where they

receive the base of the lip, all of them erect, never spread-

ing *. Lip almost white, within spotted with purple, ob-

long, erect, the sides incurved, and a little waved, three-

lobed, the middle or terminal lobe the largest, broad and

retuse. Column short, white, plane in front, and then

spotted with purple below the stigma. Anther white, hemi-

spherical, attached to the back of the top of the column.

Pollen-Masses yellow.

Denproszium speciosum is a New Holland plant, that has

been long cultivated in our stoves ; but which, as far as I

am aware, has rarely produced blossoms. In the present

season, (Jan. 1831,) a noble flowering specimen was com-

municated to me, from the Liverpool Botanic Garden,

by the Messrs. SHzpuerps. The plant was named by Sir

James E. Smiru, in his Exotic Botany, where a figure

likewise is given, but so unlike our present one, that the

two plants scarcely appear to be the same. Yet I believe

they are identical, and that the difference arises from the

artist of Sir James E. Smrru’s figure (which was done in

New Holland,) not being skilled in Botanical drawing.

The flowers are greatly larger than in our plant, the gib-

bous or spur-like base, essential to the Genus Denprosivm,

is omitted, and the petals are widely patent. The plant

from which our figure is taken was sent by Mr. Fraser

to the Liverpool Garden. A drawing has likewise been

obligingly communicated to me, by W. T. Arron, Esq.,

from the Royal Gardens at Kew.

_ * Ina fine specimen forwarded to me from the Edinburgh Botanic Garden,

since the plate was engraved, one of the blossoms was considerably more

expanded than is here represented.

———

eet

Fig. 1. Flower, slightly magnified. 2. Column or Lip, the latter forced

back to show more of the former. 3. Front view of the Column. 4. Inte-

rior view of the Lip. 5, Pollen-Masses.—All more or less magnified.

5075.

WTA del? . Pab by S. Curtis Glazenwood Efsex Jane 11831.

( 3075 )

LoBELIA HYPOCRATERIFORMIS. SALVER-

SHAPED LOBELIA.

SEEK KK KEKE KEK KEKE EEE

Class and Order.

PentanpriA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Losetracez. )

Generic Character.

Cor. tubo hine fisso (raro integro) ; limbo 5: partito,

Anthere connate. Stigma bilobum, (nunc indivisum.)

Capsula bilocularis, (raro 3-locularis,) apice supero bi-

valvi. Br.

Div. Isotoma. Br. Cor. hypocrateri ormis, tubo integro,

limbo parum inequali. Anthere imberbes (2 inferiores

mucronate.) Flores racemost.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Lozrnia hypocrateriformis ; annua glabra, caule subsim-

plici, foliis linearibus integerrimis. Br.

Lozetia hypocrateriformis. Br. Prod. v. 1. p. 565. Spr.

Syst. Veg. v. 1. p. 719.

Descr. A slender, scarcely branched, annual plant.

ems erect, glabrous, as is every part, wavy, rounded.

aves scattered, remote, linear-filiform, from half to three

quarters of an inch long, spreading, oF often recurved,

obtuse, entire, pale green, gradually becoming smaller up-

wards, and passing into bractee. Raceme terminal, few-

flowered. Pedicels slender, wavy, much longer than the

linear bractew. Calyx superior, of five linear-subulate,

closely-placed teeth. Corolla truly hypocrateriform ; the

tube slender, twice or thrice as long as the calyx, entire,

almost white : the limb five-partite, somewhat two-lipped,

the segments broadly obovato- cuneate, submucronate,

purple |

purple, with a small red spot at the base, the two upper

ones rather the smallest, approximate, as are the three

lower, of which the middle segment is the largest of all.

Filaments white. Anthers oblong, bluish-purple. Germen

obovate, furrowed, glabrous: Style a little exceeding the

stamens: Stigma two-lobed.

This interesting little plant is a native of the Southern

shores of New Holland, where it was discovered by Mr.

Brown, and described by that learned author as the type of

the division of Lopetia which he calls Isoroma. Seeds

were sent to the Glasgow Botanic Garden, by Mr. C.

Fraser, and the plants blossomed in the greenhouse during

the month of September, 1830.

We possess native specimens, gathered at King George’s

Sound, which are larger than the plant here figured.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Anthers and Stigma :—magnified.

CNwetd E/sex. Rine TIS SL

SE Curtis Glas

Pub by

( 3076

BROUGHTONIA SANGUINEA. CRIMSON-

- -FLOWERED BROUGHTONIA.

Class and Order.

GynanpriA Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—OrcutpEz. )

Generic Character.

Columna libera, v. basi tantum connata labello ungui-

culato (nunc inferne producto in tubulum ovario adnatum).

Masse Pollinis 4 parallele, septis completis persistentibus

distincte, basi filo granulato elastico aucte. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

- Broventonra * sanguinea ; foliis geminis oblongis bulbo

innatis, seapo diviso. Br. ci

Broucuronta sanguinea, Br. in Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 5. p.

217. Spreng. Syst. Veget.v. 3. p. 734.

Denprozium sanguineum. Swartz, Fil. Ind. Oct. v. 4. p.

1529. Willd. Sp, Pl. v. 4. p. 132. We

EripenprumM sanguineum. Swartz, Prodr. p. 124.

Viscum radice bulbosa minus, &c. Sloane, Jam. v. 1. p.

‘Saryrium parasiticum ; foliis paucioribus, &e. Browne,

Jam. p. 32A. i vice

Pies

~~ Descr. Bulbs roundish or ovate, dark green, the younger

ones depressed, slightly compressed, smooth, sheathed with

a brownish, membranous coat, bearing one or (as would

appear to be the correct number) two leaves from the

‘ £ ¢ ‘summit,

‘ * Named by, Mr. Brown, in compliment to Mr. Arraur BroucHTon, a»

nglish Botanist. —

summit, which are said by Swartz to be adnate with the

bulb, four to five inches long, coriaceous, rigid, obtuse or

emarginate at the point, channelled in the middle on the

upper side, somewhat keeled below, nerveless. From the

base of the leaves, within, rises a rounded, unbranched,

purplish-green scape, a foot or more high, jointed at inter-

vals, and having a small, appressed scale at each joint.

Raceme terminal, lax, few- (seven to eight) flowered. Pedi-

cels curved upwards, scarcely two inches long, (including

the adnate spur,) bright red, each with a small bractea

at the base. Perianth (except at the base of the labellum)

of a fine rich crimson, inner segments a little paler, and

more delicate in structure. The three outer segments are

lanceolato-acuminate, carinated ; the two inner and lateral

ones obovato-cuneate, somewhat waved, veiny ; Labellum

scarcely longer than the rest of the segments, broadly

obovate, waved and somewhat crenate at the margin, very

veiny, and with deep red lines upon an orange-coloured

ground at the scarcely unguiculated base, where it is

decurrent, running down into a long spur, which is adnate

with the slender germen. Column rather short, semicylin-

drical. Stigma transverse, very viscid. Anther white,

hemispherical, with four parallel cells, and four oval, com-

pressed, white pollen-masses, each with a filament, which

lies upon the edge of the mass. ,

Browne, in his Natural History of Jamaica, says that

this is “ one of the most beautiful species of this tribe of

plants ;” and it is certain that there are few that can excel

it in richness of colour. It grows in its native island not

far from the shore upon the old trunks of Bompax, Rarzo-

PHORA, Conocarpus, &c., along with the Cymgipium nodo-

sum. (Swartz.) It was introduced to Kew, in 1793, but

1s, probably, yet rare in collections. A specimen has been

obligingly communicated to me by Cuaries HorsFAtt,

Esq. of Everton, near Liverpool, raised from bulbs sent by

Mr. Wits, from Jamaica; and accompanied by an excel-

lent drawing from the pencil of Mrs, HorsFatu.

—————

Fig. 1. Column and part of the Perianth. 2. Inner view of an Anther-

case, 3, and 4, Pollen-Masses:—more or less magnified,

Pub by 8.Curtis.Glaxenwood Essex. Jane 1183.

ws Madelt

( 3077 )

ORNITHOGALUM FIMBRIATUM. Hatry-

LEAVED STAR OF BETHLEHEM.

KEKE KEKE EERE EERE

Class and Order.

Hexanpria Monoeynta.

( Nat. Ord.—AspHopELeg. )

Generic Character.

_ Perianthium inferum, petaloideum, hexaphyllum. Stam.

alterna majora, seu basi dilatata. _ Capsula 3-loba, lobis

sulcatis, 3-locularis, polysperma. Semina biserialia.

ape Specific Character and Synonyms.

Ornirnogatum * fimbriatum ; foliis. linearibus patentibus

canaliculatis extus scapoque perbrevi hirsutis, racemo

subcorymboso, pedunculis clongatis patentibus fructi-

; feris deflexis. :

OrnitHoGatum fimbriatum. “ Willd. in Nov. Act. Nat.

Cur. Berol. 3. p. 26.” Bieb. Fl. Taur. Cauc. v. 1. p.

276. Bot. Reg. t. 555. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2.

Pp. 50. ee

OrnitH0Gato umbellato affine, foliis pilosis. “ Pall. in

Nov. Act. Petrop. 10. 309.” i

RNITHOGALUM samium villosum umbellatum album. Tourn.

Cor. p. 26. (Bieb.)

_ Descr. Bulb ovate, whitish. Leaves all radical, spread-

Ing, six to eight inches long, linear, channelled above and

glabrous, semicylindrical beneath and very hairy, the apex

obtuse. Scape exceedingly short, hairy, bearing a short

- but broad raceme of flowers. Peduncles at first erect, short,

then

etnies

* From opris, opribes, a bird, and yaaa, milk: but why so named is very

doubtful

then lengthened and becoming patent when the flower

expands ; somewhat more elongated and deflexed in fruit.

Bractee at first equal in length with the peduncle, then

longer, membranaceous, whitish, sheathing. Perianth of

six spreading, ovato-acuminate leaves, white, green in the

centre: the three inner ones smaller and less green on the

back. Stamens opposite the segments of the perianth.

Filaments white, subulate, very broad at the base, and

nearly equal in size and shape. Anthers oblong, yellow.

Germen obovate, deeply three-lobed, each lobe furrowed

in the centre, so that there are three deep alternating with

three shallow furrows ; three-celled, cells with many seeds

arranged in two vertical rows in the inner angle. Style

short, straight. Stigma small, triquetrous. Fruit (imma-

ture) of the same form and structure as the germen.

Marsuaty Biezerstein and Mr. Ker are surely not cor-

rect in considering this as so closely allied to O. wmbellatum

that they can scarcely point out any distinction, except the

hairiness of the leaves. 'The inflorescence seems to me

very different, the raceme being almost radical, the pedun-

cles much more spreading, and becoming deflexed as the

fruit approaches to maturity.

It is a native of the Crimea, and was introduced by the

Horticultural Society of London, in 1821. In the green-

house of our Botanic Garden it flowers in March, and con-

tinues in blossom during many successive days.

Fig. 1. Stamens, 2. Pistil. 3. Section of the Germen.—Magnified.

3078.

¢ eee : pee x wane Je

JD Sowerly det? Pabby S Curtis Glazenwood Ef sex. Janel 1831 -

CRTs 5

RuHIPSALIS MESEMBRYANTHEMOIDES. FiG-

MARIGOLD-LIKE RHIPSALIS.

SEK KK KK KEKE EEE KEKE EEE

Class and Order.

IcosanpR1A Monoeynlia.

( Nat. Ord.—Cacrtez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. tubus ovario adherens, levis ; limbus superus 3—6-

partitus brevis, dentibus acuminatis membranaceis. Pet.

6, oblonga, patula, calyci inserta. Stam, 12—18, petalis

affixa. Stylus filiformis. Stigmata 3—6, patula. Bacca

pellucida, subrotunda, calyce marcescente coronata. Semina

intra pulpam nidulantia, exalbuminosa, radicula embryonis:

crassa, cotyled. 2 brevibus obtusis.—Frutices pseudo-para-

sitict super arbores Ins. Caribearum orti, sepius pendulr

aphylli ramosi teretes nudi aut setas minimas subf

gerentes, fasciculis tune ordine spirali quincuncialt dispo

sitis. Flores laterales sessiles parvi albi. Bacce (fe

Visci) albe pellucide. DC.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Ruresatis * mesembryanthemoides; glomerato-ramosa, ra-

mis erectis teretibus strictis articuliferis, articulis late-

ralibus confertis teretibus utrinque attenuatis nebu-

losis medio floriferis, fasciculis setarum capillacearum

albis pallidis demum mortuisve nigris, floribus soli-

tariis. D C. :

IPSALIS mesembryanthemoides. Haw. Revis. p. 71.

De Cand. Prodr. v. 4. p. 476.

atts salicornoides, 8. Haw. in Suppl. Pl. Succ. p. 83.

Descr.

a -

——

* From pub, a willow-branch, in allusion to the long flexible stems and

branches,

Descr. Plant easily cultivated in earth, but evidently a

parasite, like its congeners. Stems woody, covered, as well

as the branches, (which send out roots from different points,)

with greyish bark, rough with the scars of fallen leaves

and with scattered black spines.. Branches woody, clus-

tered, densely covered with fleshy, oblong, nearly cylin-

drical joints (leaves?), which are sprinkled with minute

dots, and with fascicles of slender black spines. Flowers

solitary, from the middle of a joint, large, white, inferior in

size only to those of R. grandiflora. Fruit a white Berry,

smaller than that of R. Cassytha. Christy MSS.

A native, as are most of the Cacrus family, of South

America, and first described by A. H. Haworrn, Esq., who

has for many years paid the most devoted attention to the

study of succulent 6 seek That gentleman, however, had

not seen the blossoms, which were produced in the stove

of our valued friend, W. Curisty, Esq. Clapham Road,

London, in the month of March, 1831.

For the drawing of this and the two following species, we

' are indebted to the accurate pencil of Mr. J. D. Sow=ERBY.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Stamen. 3. Pistil.—Muagnified.

SCurtis Clazen wood Bfsese.Jane 11851.

LD Sowerby del 4h by

( 3079 )

- RAIPSALIS FASCICULATA. CLUSTER=BRANCHED

R#IPSALIS.

SKK EEK EEK EK KKEEE EK

Class and Order.

Icosanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Cacrez. )

Generic Character.

~ Cal. tubus ovario adherens, levis ; limbus superus 3—6-

partitus brevis, dentibus acuminatis membranaceis. Pet.

6, oblonga, patula, calyci inserta. Stam. 12—18, petalis

affixa. Stylus filiformis. Stigmata 3—6, patula. Bacca

pellucida, subrotunda, calyce marcescente coronata. Semina

intra pulpam nidulantia, exalbuminosa, radicula embryonis:

crassa, cotyled. 2 brevibus obtusis.—Frutices pseudo-para-

sitict super arbores Ins. Caribearum orti, sepius penduli

aphylli. ramosi teretes nudi aut setas minimas subfalcatas

gerentes, fasciculis tunc ordine spiralt guincunciali dispo-

sitis. Flores laterales sessiles parvt albi. Bacce (fere

Visci) albe pellucide. DC.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Ruipsauis fasciculata; pendula, ramis teretibus fasciculatis,

pilis cum fasciculis ordine quincunciali iraliter ser-

vatis secus ramos juniores. De Cand. Prodr. v. 3.

p. 476.

Rurpsauis fasciculata. Haw. Suppl. Pl. Succul. p. 83.

Rauresauis parasitica. Haw. . Pl. Succ. p. 187.

Cacrus fasciculatus. Willd. Enum. Suppl. p. 33.

Cactus parasiticus. Lam. Dict. v. 1. p. 541. De Cand.

Pl. Gras. t. 59. a

See

Descr. Plant parasitical ; but growing well in a pot of

Soil. Branches springing many together in a —_ ase

and more abundantly from near the root, cylindrical, pen-

dulous, rather thicker than a goose-quill, with many dots

or scars, especially on the younger branches, and these dots

are placed beneath a slight protuberance : they each bear

a fascicle of fine hair-like spines. When the branches are

young these spines are white, and very soft : but in a more

advanced state, they are very conspicuous, and of a deep

black colour. On the older branches, however, they are

less perceptible. The extremities of the branches are also

furnished with a tuft of similar spines. Flowers rarely pro-

duced, and few on a plant, confined to the main branches,

greenish-white. Petals about six. Stigmas two-lobed,

the lobes spreading, hairy. Fruit a Berry, similar to that

of R. Cassytha. Christy MSS.

Mr. Curisty, to whom I am indebted for the opportunity

of figuring the present species of Rurpsauis, observes, that

he received the plant from Mr. Hoop along with the follow-

ing, and that he believes it to be a native of Brazil. It

flowered in March, 1831, for the first time, and, may pro-

bably, another season, bear more copious blossoms. |

The fruit-bearing plant is represented by M. De Can-

DOLLE, in the “ Plantes Grasses’ above quoted.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Stamens. 3, Part of the Style with its two-lobed

Stigma :—magnified.

Aub. by 8. Curtis blazenwood Efyex. June 11831.

“

ID Sowerby del?

Ruipsauis CassytHa. NAKED RauipsaLis.

KEKE REE EEK KEKE EERE

Class and Order.

IcosanpriA Monoeynia.

~ ( Nat. “Ord.—Cacrez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. tubus ovario adherens, levis ; limbus superus 3—6-

partitus brevis, dentibus acuminatis membranaceis. Ped.

6, oblonga, patula, calyci inserta. Stam. 12—18, petalis

affixa. Stylus filiformis. Stigmata 3—6, patula. Bacca pel-

Z lucida, subrotunda, calyce marcescente coronata. Semina

_ Intra pulpam nidulantia, exalbuminosa, radicula embryonis

_ €fassa, cotyled. 2 brevibus obtusis.—Frutices pseudo-para-

_ silict super arbores Ins. Caribearum orti, sepius penduli

— Dphylli ramosi teretes nudi aut setas minimas subfalcatas

‘ rs erentes, fasciculis tunc ordine spirali quincunciali dispo-

_ Sts. Flores laterales sessiles parvi albi. Baccwe (fere

_ Visci) albe pellucide. DC. ee

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Ruupsaris Cassytha ; pendula, ramis verticillatis nudis gla-

bris, calyce 4—6-partito, petalis 4—6.

Rurpsatis Cassytha. Gaertn. Fr. v. 2. p. 136. t. 28. Haw.

Syn. Succ. Pl. p. 186. Hook. Ex. Fl. t. 2. (ear. Hook-

| stra DC.) De Cand. Rev. des Cact. t. 21. (var.

~ Mociniana.) Prodr. v. 3. p. 476. :

Cactus pendulus. Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. p. 876. Willd. Sp.

pts. 2. p. 942. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 3. p. 178.

reng. Syst. Veg. v. 2. p. 496.

Cactus Mesias, &c. Browne’s Jam. p. 238.

a =...

_ _ Descr. A parasite, but flourishing in a pot of common

— Soil in the scones Stem more woody than in R. grandi-

flora, covered with a greyish bark. Branches smooth, —

‘ green, —

green, cylindrical, obtuse at their extremities, the older

ones almost truncated. Smaller branches mostly alternate,

sometimes opposite, the extremities of the main branches

generally terminating in a sort of whorl of from three to

six smaller ones. The branches are studded with irregu-

larly placed dots or scars, whence the flowers, and, occa-

sionally, young shoots are produced. Each of these scars

is furnished with a very minute and hardly perceptible

spinule, in other respects the branches are entirely naked.

Flowers sessile, greenish -white, most abundant on the

alternate ramules. Petals five. Stamens numerous. Stig-

mas generally three-, sometimes four-cleft. Fruit a semi-

transparent, white, pulpy Berry. Seeds numerous, black,

apparently in three cells. Christy MSS.

This is an old inhabitant of our stoves, readily cultivated,

flowering freely in February and March, and, as Mr.

Curisty observes, (from whose collection our figure was

made,) when covered with ripe fruit in April, it bears a

considerable resemblance to a plant of Misseltoe. The

number of divisions to the calyx, the number of petals and

lobes to the stigma are evidently variable.

—————

Fig. 1. Portion of a Flower, the Petals heing removed. 2. Flower. 3.

Stigma—Magnified.

Swan Se

Pab by §. Curtis Glagen wood Essex July 1I8H1.

( 3081 )

CoLUMNEA HIRSUTA. Hatry CoLUMNEA.

SEEK

Class ial Order.

Dipynami1A ANGIOSPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord.—GesnErRIAceEz. )

Generic Character. .

Cal. profunde 5-fidus. Cor. tubulosa, curvata, limbo,

bilabiato, labio superiore fornicato, inferiore 3-fido, laci-

niis divaricatis. Anthere connexe. Capsula subbaccata,

unilocularis, polysperma, receptaculis 2 parietalibus. -

Specific Character and ‘Synonyms.

Cotumyea * hirsuéu ; foliis ovatis acutiusculis crenato-ser-

ratis superne hirtis, laciniis calycinis denticulatis lan-

ceolatis corollisque hirsutis.

Conumnea hirsuta. Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. v. 2. p. 1080.

. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 3. p. 396. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2.

v4. p. 68. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 342.

_ Actumenrs major, &c. Browne, Jam. p. 270. t. 30. f. 3.

~ Rapuncunus fruticosus, &c. Sloane, Jam. v. 1. p. 58. p.

100. 7.1.

Descr. Stem suffrutescent and climbing, according to

x Swarrz, branched, branches thick, obtusely quadrangular,

_ pubescenti-scabrous, the extremities soft tn ee ea

| eaves opposite, each pair generally unequal in size, tiree

to four ilies long, ities on bier short, thick footstalks,

fleshy, ovate, rather acute, with a strong midrib and several

lateral veins, the margins crenato-serrate, the upper side

_ ‘Sark green and hairy, the lower pale green, wit at

ag airs,

a s 2

._ Named in compliment to Fasrus Conumna, an Italian Botanist of the

“ixteenth century. ;

VOL. y. H

hairs, and those mostly confined to the midrib and nerve,

and appressed. Flowers from the axils of the superior

leaves, large, handsome; solitary or two together. Pedun-

cles nearly an inch long, red, they are mostly declined, so

that the flowers appear under the stem and leaves. Calyx

altogether inferior, very hairy, often streaked with about

five red lines, the tube subglobose, the laciniz linear-lan-

ceolate, laciniated or toothed at the margin, three outer

and two inner, these almost close over the mouth of the

tube when the corolla is removed. Corolla three inches

long, tubular, curved, the mouth oblique ; gibbous at the

base above, bright red, streaked with yellow, and yellow

on the underside, velvety with numerous hairs, two-lipped,

the lip (in this species being much the largest,) trifid, the

two lateral segments entire, linear, recurved, the middle

one large, convex, bifid; the lower lip of one reflexed,

linear piece. Stamens four, didynamous; the stamens

curved inwards, so as to bring the anthers close, when they

combine and form apparently one piece. Germen superior,

ovate, silky, with a thick, bifid, fleshy gland at the base

above. Style curved, filiform, white, pubescent, glandular

upward, nearly as long as the corolla: Stigma detlexed,

with a small, transverse furrow. The fruit I have not seen :

but the more advanced germens scarcely indicate that it

will be a berry: they are one-celled, with two opposite,

parietal receptacles, covered with numerous obovate ovules,

each upon a short stalk.

This Corumyea has been very coarsely figured by SLOANE,

and a representation of the flower is given by Browne in his

History of Jamaica. But, although introduced into our

stoves by the Marquis of Rockingham upwards of fifty

years ago, according to the Hortus Kewensis, it has not yet

appeared in any of our modern Botanical periodical publi-

cations. I was, then, much gratified at receiving in March

of the present year, a fine flowering specimen from Messrs.

Suepuerps of Liverpool. The plant was sent from Jamaica

by Mr. Wizes, where, according to Swarrz, it inhabits

rocks, and grows about the roots of trees, in shady moun-

tain woods.

Fig. 1. Anthers and upper portion of the Filaments. 2. Base of the

Corolla. 3. Calyx including the Pistil. 4, Pistil. 5. Section of the Ger-

men :—more or less magnified.

3082,

“tia

WiLddel? Pub by §Cartis Glazenwood Essex tmylI83l.

( 3082 )

DroseERA BINATA. FORKED-LEAVED

SUN-DEW.

Class and Order.

PENTANDRIA PENTAGYNIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Droseracez. )

Generic Character.

Sepala petalaque 5, inappendiculata. Stam. 5. Styli

3—5, bipartiti—Herbe tn uliginosis sphagnosis crescentes.

Folia cilits glandulosis rubidis writabilibus ornata.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Drosera * binata ; acaulis, foliis longe petiolatis profunde

bipartitis lobis linearibus, stylis capillaceo-multifidis.

Drosera binata. Labill. Nov. Holl. v. 1. t. 105. p. 78.

De Cand. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 319. Spreng. Syst.

Veget.v. 1. p. 956.

Descr. Root perennial, of a few stout, descending,

branched fibres. Leaves all of them radical, five to six

inches or more long (including the petiole) deeply bipar-

tite, with two spreading, linear-acuminate lobes, fringed at

the margin, and clothed on the upper surface with copious

hairs, tipped with red, viscid glands. Petioles very long,

terete, glabrous. Scape longer than the leaves, terete,

reddish at the base, glabrous, bearing a few-flowered co-

rymb. Pedicels glabrous. Calyx four- to five-partite.

Petals four or five, large, obovate, waved, yellowish at the

base. Stamens four or five. Filaments subulate. Anthers

Cordate, deep orange. Pistil : Germen subglobose, ~

—..

bea en

From dpococ, dew, the glands of the leaves distilling a viscid, pellucid

» resembling dew.

to five-lobed. Styles four to five, divided into numerous

capillary segments and obtuse stigmas.

A native of Van Diemen’s Isle, according to Lasiizar-

DIERE: but in 1823, it sprung up among some earth im-

ported from New Holland to the Royal Gardens at Kew,

whence a drawing, taken from the specimen that flowered

there, was kindly communicated by W. T. Arron, Esq.

There can be no question, but that the other Droserz of

New South Wales, and the still more showy ones of the

Cape of Good Hope, may be safely introduced to our

gardens, if the seeds be kept in moist earth during the

voyage: and they would prove a most valuable acquisition

to our collections.

Fig. 1. Petal. 2. Stamen. 3. Stamens and Pistil. 4. Style and Stigmas:

magnified.

3083.

(

W.JIH delt

iz Swan Se

Pab by 8.Cartis Glazenwoed Essex Jaly 1831, |

( 3083)

FRITILLARIA LEUCANTHA. WHITE-FLOWERED

FRritituary.

KEKE KEKE EKER KEKE KEEESE

Class and Order.

Hexanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Tuutpracez. )

Generic Character.

Cor. 6-petala, basi nectarifera. Semina compressa mar-

ginata. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Frivinnuaria * leucantha ; ceaule paucifloro, floribus axilla-

ribus terminalibusque solitariis, foliis infimis oppositis

ovatis apice attenuatis obtusiusculis multinerviis, supe-

rioribus verticillatis lineari-lanceolatis’ carinatis apice

cirrhosis. <

Fritittartaleucantha. Graham MSS.

Impertauis leucantha. Fischer MSS.

eee

Descr. Bulb round, lobed, covered with a thick brown

coat, which separates in large fragments, splitting all along

the furrows between the lobes. Stem simple. Leaves

(three to four inches long) bright green, or slightly glau-

cous, somewhat crowded about the middle of the stem,

the lowest pair opposite, many-nerved, without a conspi-

cuous middle rib, ovate, tapering towards the apex, which

israther blunt; the others more or less perfectly whorled,

linear-lanceolate, few- (three to five-) nerved, nearly flat in

front, and with a strong middle-rib behind, extended at the

apex into a simple cirrhus. Flowers solitary, axillary or

- . terminal,

a di i rding to Sir

a dice-box, but which most authors, acco

) me a chess-board, to which the tessellated flowers

terminal, nodding, white, at the base externally green, and

within at the base, sprinkled with small purplish spots.

Petals tipped with a green, callous, slightly pubescent

apex, the three outer ones ovate, the three inner ones obo-

vate and broader, all gibbous on the outside near the base,

and there, on the inside, each having a round, green, con-

spicuous pit, containing honey. Stamens included; fila-

ments straight, white, collected together in the centre of

the flower; <Anthers yellow, linear, erect, very loosely

attached. Pustil longer than the stamens ; stigma trifid,

slightly diverging ; style straight, somewhat clavate, three-

sided, twice the length of the anthers, colourless ; Germen

green, with six prominent, brownish, somewhat waved, lon-

gitudinal angles. Ovules numerous, in two rows within

the three cells of the capsule, ovate, flattened, attached by

their apices to the central receptacle.

This species, which I conceive should follow F. pyre-

naica in the arrangement of the Genus, is a native of the

Altaic Mountains, and was obligingly communicated in

September, 1830, from the Botanic Garden of Edinburgh,

ss it flowered in the open border in the beginning of

ay.

_Fig. 1. Petal. 2. Stamen. 3. Pistil. 4. Section of the Germen.—Mag-

nified, :

WILH del? Pub by S Curlis Glazenwood Essex July 11851

LPR.

( 3084 )

ANTHERICUM ? PLUMOSUM. BEARDED-FLOW-

ERED ANTHERICUM.

KKK EK KEE EE EEEEE EERE

Class and Order.

Hexanpria Monoeyni.

( Nat. Ord.—Asruopetex. Br. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium sexpartitum, patens, equale, deciduum.

Stam. 6. Filamenta (omnia vel interiora) barbata. An-

there versatiles. Ovarium loculis polyspermis. Stylus

filiformis. Stigma subpapulosum. Capsula subglobosa,

3-loc., 3-valv., valvis medio septiferis. Semina pauca, an-

Sulata, umbilico nudo. Br. |

Specific Character and Synonyms.

ANTHERICUM? plumosum ; scapo- bi- 4-floro subfolioso, pe-

talis interioribus barbatis, capsulis elongatis trigonis,

stylo brevi.

ANTHERICUM plumosum. Ruiz et Pav. v. 3.'t. 300. f. 6.

Sch. Syst. Veget. 0. 7. p. 481.

Descr. Root, according to Ruiz and Pavon, composed

of oblong, fasciculated tubers, attenuated at their base, and

ring fibres. Leaves mostly radical, from four to six or

ten inches long, linear-subulate, channelled, striated, glau-

_Cous-green, quite glabrous, those of the stem or scape

remote, gradually shorter upwards. Scape mostly simple,

short and naked, or bearing only one leaf, in our specimens

4 foot and more high, bearing three or four leaves or

ractee, and sometimes forked. Flowers, generally two

at the extremity of the scape or branch, with a bractea at

their base, pedicellated. Perianth small, cut into six deep,

linear-oblong,, patent divisions, each white at its —

the

the three outer ones naked, the three inner beautifully

fringed with numerous white, succulent hairs, which, when

seen under a microscope, are, each of them, studded with

pellucid raised points, directed forwards. Stamens six, in-

serted at the base of the segments of the perianth, shorter

than them. Filaments white, subulate, glabrous. Anthers

oblong, of a deep orange-colour. Pistil : Germen oblong,

with three angles and three furrows. Style short, columnar.

Stigma of three, spreading, dilated rays. Capsule (imma-

ture) almost an inch long, surrounded at the base with the

withered, persistent segments of the perianth. Cells three;

each cell containing many roundish seeds, arranged in one

series, in the inner angle of the cell. The ripened fruit I

have not seen.

Seeds of this were brought from Chili, by our valued

friend Mr. Crucxsuanxs, and together with many others

from that country and Peru, liberally given to the Botanic

Garden of Glasgow. The plants raised from them were

reared in the greenhouse, and produced flowers and nearly

ripe capsules in April, 1831. The figure of Ruiz and

Pavon represents a smaller plant than our’s, with a simple

and scarcely leafy scape, bearing larger flowers. Still, I

believe the two plants are identical. How far it may be

right to retain this in the Genus Anruericum I scarcely feel

competent to decide. It differs from that Genus in its quite

glabrous stamens, in its oblong capsule, short style, three-

rayed stigma, and in the inner petals being beautifully

fringed, in this particular approaching the Genus TuysaN-

orus of Mr. Brown, but departing from it in the short,

straight style, and in the elongated, many-seeded fruit.

————————

Fig. 1. Outer segment of the Perianth. 2. Inner do. 3. Portion of the

Hair of the Fringe. 4. Pistil. 5. Unripe Fruit, cut through transversely

to show the Seeds.— Magnified.

Nore.—We here take the opportunity of remarking, that the GapioLus

psittacinus, published at ‘Tab. 3032 of this work, should bear the name of G.

cau 0% (it being a native of the shores of the Natal River, Cape of Good

Hope,) given to it by Professor Reiywarpr, of Leyden ; who introduced it

bberallte” and who, we know, has distributed this splendid plant with great

3085.

Pub by § Curtis Glazenwood Essex July L831

C 3085)

PTEROSTYLIS. NUTANS. NoODDING-FLOWERED

PTEROSTYLIS.

SRR kakokokeaeseakakokobaak

Class and Order.

GynanpriA Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuinez. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium ringens, tetraphyllum, foliolo inferiore bi-

fido (e duobus infra coherentibus conflato). Labellum

unguiculatum, subinclusum. Lamina basi appendiculata

V. gibbosa. Ungue infra labio inferiore connato. Colwmna

basi galea connata, apice alata. Anthera terminalis, per-

Sistens, loculis approximatis. Masse Pollinis in singulo

loculo bine, compresse, pulvereze. Stigma medio co-

lumne adnatum. Br. ¥

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Prerostyiis* nutans ; foliis radicalibus stellatis, flore nu-

tante, labiis longitudine subequalibus, galea acumi-

nata, labello apice attenuato truncato.

Prerostyiis nutans. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. v. 1. p.

327. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 3. p. T15.

eee

Descr. Leaves radical, spreading in a stellated manner,

oval, rather acute, membranous, striated, reticulated, taper-

ng into a short petiole. Scape erect, scarcely a span high,

erect, glabrous, with about two foliaceous, sheathing brac-

teas, and terminated by a solitary, nodding flower: the

thr ents of the are approximate so as to

ee upper segments of the are app ra

_—_,...

* Derived from wreger, a wing, and order, a style, in allusion to the wing-

ed style or column.

form a helmet, very convex, gibbous at the base, acumi-

nated at the extremity, greenish-white, striated. Lower

segment (of two combined segments) small in proportion

to the rest of the flower, green, with two lanceolato-subulate

lacinie. Labellwm linear-attenuated, downy, rather thick-

ened and obtuse at the extremity. Column green, with two

broad, white wings towards the extremity. Germen clavate,

furrowed.

Introduced to the Royal Gardens at Kew from New

Holland, in the year 1826. The drawing was made from

an excellent flowering specimen, in September, 1828, and

obligingly communicated by Mr. Arron.

In the direction of the flower, and in the shape of the

labellum, this species is altogether different from the P.

curta, figured in our next plate.

Fig. 1. Back view of a Flower, nat. size. 2. Labellum, with its penicel-

lated appendage. 3. Front view of the Column :—all but fig. 1. magnified.

WIR delt

Pub ly S.Curtis Glawnwoed Essex Jaly L831.

( 3086 )

PTEROSTYLIS CURTA. SHORT-LIPPED

PTEROSTYLIS.

SEK KK RRR KEEKEEK

Class and Order.

GyNANDRIA MonanpRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcninez. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium ringens, tetraphyllum, foliolo inferiore bi-

fido, (e duobus infra coherentibus conflato.) Labellum

unguiculatum, subinclusum. Lamina basi appendiculata

v. gibbosa. Ungue infra labio inferiore connato. Columna

basi galea connata, apice alata. Anthera terminalis, per-

sistens, loculis approximatis. Masse Pollinis in singulo

loculo bine, compress, pulverea. Stigma medio columne

adnatum. Br. ;

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Prerostytis curta; foliis radicalibus stellatis, bracteis

scapi preter floralem 2—3, flore erectiusculo, labio

inferiore breviore, galea acutiuscula, labelli lamina im-

tegra. Br.

Prerostyuis curta. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. v. 1. p. 326.

Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 3. p. 715.

Descr. Root descending, somewhat filiform, flexuose,

bearing a few fibres, and, at the extremity, two rounded

bulbs, about the size of peas. Stem a span or more high,

erect, bearing two to three small bracteiform, sheathing

es. The greater number of the leaves, however, are

radical, oval, striated and reticulated, tapering below into

@ petiole. Flower terminal, solitary, erect, large, the three

Upper segments of the perianth are oblong, standing so

lose as appearing to form but one piece, arched at - top, |

whitish, streaked with green, the extremity brown. Two

lower segments combined for half their length, so as to

form one erect, green piece, about equal in length to the

rest of the flower, and having two acuminated and rather

spreading segments. Labellum lanceolate, erect, reddish-

green, having at its base a penicellate appendage point-

ing downwards. Column erect, greenish, with two broad,

white wings occupying the upper half, and standing for-

ward, projecting into a blunt lobe at the base, and at the

extremity into a subulate lobe. Anther sessile, inserted

between the two upper lobes of the wings, two-celled, each

cell bearing two flattened pulverulent pollen-masses.

The curious and beautiful New Holland Genus Prero-

styLis is known to Botanists by Mr. Brown’s excellent

character, and by the splendid designs and analysis of one

species (P. grandiflora,) executed by Mr. Bauer: but no

where, perhaps, has any species been cultivated, except at

the Royal Gardens at Kew, whence Mr. Arron has most

kindly communicated drawings of three species which had

flowered in that rich collection. The present individual was

marked P. grandiflora: but it differs from Mr. Brown’s

plant so named, in the presence of large radical leaves, in

the different shape of its labellum, and, especially, in the

much shorter segments of the lower lip of the flower. To

me it appears to agree better with the character of P. curta,

as well as with a specimen in my possession of that plant,

for which I am indebted to Mr. Brown. In our plant,

however, the lower lip is nearly, if not quite, equal in

length with the galea, while in Mr. Brown’s P. curta it is

shorter.

The specimen here figured was sent by Mr, Anan Cun-

nincHAM, and flowered at Kew in October, 1829. The

species was discovered by Mr. Brown in the neighbourh

of Port Jackson.

nr caine

Fig. 1. Front view of a Flower. 2. Labellum. 3. Column. 4. Anther.

5. Pollen-Masses.—Magnified.

WJIH delt

Pub by S.Curtis Glazenwood Esseae Jaly] 1831

; («3087 »

FaRseTIA LUNARIOTDES. LUNARIA-LIKE

ae -Farsetia.

Se ie Si a es as a

Class and Order.

TETRADYNAMIA SILICULOSA.

( Nat. Ord.—Crucirers. )

Generic Character.

Silicula sessilis, ovalis aut orbiculata, valvis planis.

Semina alata. Calyx basi bisaccatus. Petala integra.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Farsetra * lunarioides; caulibus suffruticosis adscenden-

tibus, foliis spathulatis petiolatis siliculisque tomen-

tosis incanis. Br.

Farseria lunarioides. Br. in Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 4. p.

96. De Cand. Prodr. v. 1. p. 157. Spreng. Syst.

Veget. v. 2. p. 870. :

Atyssum lunarioides. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 3. p. 461.

Lunaria greca. “ Willd. Enum. v. 2. p. 67 6.

Lunaria fruticosa, perennis, incana, Leucoii folio. Tournef:

It. ed. Angl. v. 1. p. 189. eum Ie. .

‘emeee

je Descn. Stems nearly a foot high, perennial, and throw-

lag out many shoots from near the base where the plant is

Suffruticose and purplish : the rest herbaceous, pubescenti-

Irsute. Leaves numerous at the base and spathulate,

those of the stem oblong-obtuse, waved, and somewhat

Sinuate, hoary with stellated down on both sides. Flowers

dense corymbs, moderately large, extending gradually

as the fruit ripens into a lax raceme. Pedicels two to pee

nes

—

s -. * Named in compliment to Paixip Farseti, a Venetian Botanist.

lines long, downy, without bracteas. Calyx of four erect,

elliptical, concave leaves, pale green, hirsute, scareely sac-

cate at the base. Petals bright yellow, oblongo-obovate,

retuse, with a claw nearly equal in length with the border,

which latter is patent and even recurved. Stamens: Fila-

ments subulate, the shorter ones with an obtuse tooth in the

inside near the middle : Anthers oblong, greenish. Pistil:

Germen oblongo-cylindrical, densely clothed with white

hairs : Style a quarter of the length of the germen: Stigma _

capitate, papillose, yellow. Pouch elliptical, compressed,

hoary. Septum complete. Cells two- to four-seeded.

Seeds large, flat, with a broad, membranous ring. Cotyle-

dons accumbent. ;

This plant is a native of the Greek Archipelago, and

was introduced to our gardens, where (in England at least)

it is treated as a hardy perennial, by Mr. Pu. Mitrer, in

1731. The specimen here figured is from the Glasgow

Botanic Garden, where, sheltered by a frame in winter it

produces its bright coloured blossoms in March and April,

_ and those again are succeeded by the numerous and large

seed-vessels. |

_ Tournerorr has figured this plant in his Voyage to the

Levant, and his account of its discovery is admirably de-

scriptive of his own botanical enthusiasm. ‘ The 22d of

September,” he says, “ as we passed close by Caloyero, an

ugly rock twelve miles from Amorgos, the master of our

vessel would needs climb one of its sharp points to take

some young falcons out of the nest. We did not dare to

follow him. This man not only knew how to run up the

shrouds, but would scale the steepest rocks with surprising

agility. We desired him to bring us all the plants he could

light on, assuring him we would willingly resign to him our

share of the falcons. He accordingly brought us some

eee which we could have preferred to all the Birds of

“aradise in Arabia. The description of one of these beau-

tiful plants take as follows. Lunarta fruticosa, &c.” Voy:

ed. Angl. v. 1. p. 188. |

Fig. 1. Root-leaf: nat. size. 2. Flower, 3. Stamens and Pistil. 4. One

of the shorter Stamens. 6. Silicula (nat. size.) 7. Seed. § Embryo:

—all but fig. 1 and 6 magnified.

WJ Hf del? Py

Curits Glazenwood Kfsex dug Ids. Swan Se.

Ee.

( 3088 )

XMANTHOCHYMUS DULCIS. SWEET-FRUITED

. X ANTHOCHYMUS.

KEREEEEEEEERE EERE RIE

Class and Order.

PoLyADELPHIA PoLyANDRIA.

( Nat. Ord —GurttTiFERz. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-partitus ineequalis imbricatus. Cor. 5-petala

ovato-rotunda.. Nectaria 5 petalis opposita. Stam, 15—20

altissime 5-delpha petalis alterna ; Anthere oblonge.

Stylus brevissimus. Stigma 5-lobum, longum, patulum.

acca maxima pericarpio luteo coriaceo. Sem. 3—4.—

Arbor foliis lineari-lanceolatis acutis oppositis integris pe-

tiolatis ; flores fasciculati laterales pedunculati, DC. |

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Xantuocuymus * dulcis; polygama, foliis oblongis, floribus

lateralibus fasciculatis, corollis globosis, fructibus ova-

libus obtusis. Roxb. % soe

Xantuocuymus dulcis. Roxb. Pl. of Corom. v. 3. p. 66.

1270: ’ hy a

lee

_Descr. A small tree with a straight trunk and oppo-

site, glabrous branches; green and cylindrical in the

feat shoots. Leaves opposite, six inches and more in

ength, oblong, more or less acuminated, coriaceous, entire,

glabrous, bright green, glossy, dark above and penni-

nerved, beneath paler, and veiny. Petiole short, thick.

ers in fascicles, from the joints of a former year’s

shoot, and where the leaves have fallen away. Peduncles

scarcely longer than the flowers. Calyx of three or i

rathe

a...

————

oe Easbos, yellow, and Xvuos, juice, from the colour of the juice of the

VOL. Vv, I

—

rather small, unequal, rounded, and somewhat imbricating

leaves. Corolla of five petals, erect and very concave, so

as to connive in a globular form, cream-coloured, almost

white. Bundles of stamens five, erect, each of five filaments, ©

free at the extremity, and each terminated by a two-celled,

rounded, mostly abortive, anther. Alternating with the five

bundles of stamens, are five rounded, and somewhat tuber-

cled glands. Pistil: Germen globose, tapering upwards

into a short style, terminated by a large stigma of five —

spreading, obtuse, stellated rays. The fruit is, according

to Dr. Roxsures, a rounded or oval berry, of the size of an

apple, smooth and bright yellow, with copious yellow pulp,

five-celled, and five-seeded, or fewer by abortion. These

seeds are large, oblong, acute, with a distinct broad yellow

hilum. Integument reticulated. A large portion of the

pulp, of a more agreeable taste than the rest of the fruit, is

attached to the seed. Albumen hard, fleshy.

In the month of February, of the present year, (1831,)

Mr. Marnocx was so obliging as to send to me, from Mrs.

Beaumont’s noble collection at Bretton Hall, the speci-

men here figured of the Xanruocuymus dulcis. ‘“ Our

plant,” he says, “is now about ten feet high, and is loaded

with not less than two hundred flowers and young fruit,

which latter have every prospect of coming to perfection.”

The seeds bad been transmitted to Mrs. Beaumont by Dr.

Watticu, from the Calcutta Botanic Garden, where it was

introduced by Dr. Roxgureu, from the Molucca Islands,

as a supposed species of Mangosteen. The fruit appears

to be palatable and good.

Dr. Roxsuren’s plants, at the Calcutta Garden, at eight

years old, were not larger than the one which flowered at

Bretton Hall.

————

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Petal, nat. size. 3. Stamens and Gland. 4, Section

of Pistil, magnified. 5. Fruit; and 6, Section of do. nat. size (copied from

Dr. Roxpurén’s Plate),

5088

vit)

gram °°

Pub. by §.Curtis, Glazenwoed Essex fag SL 1851

HIE del?

“uta: BOBS) ys.

OLEA UNDULATA. WaAvVY-LEAVED FRAGRANT

} Care OLIVE.

KKK KEKE EEK EEE EEE EEK

Class and Order.

Dianpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—O.ernez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 4-dentatus. Cor. 4-fida (raro nulla). Stylus 2-

fidus. Drupa baccata, putamine osseo, l-sperma. Spreng.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

_ Otea * undulata ; foliis oblongis utrinque acuminatis un-

: dulatis subtus pallidioribus, paniculis terminalibus re-

‘ petitim trichotomis, ramis verrucosis. ae

~Orea undulata. Jacg. Hort. Schoenbr. v. 1. p. 1. t. 2.

Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 34. Lodd. Bot. Cab. t.

379. a

Otea laurifolia. Lam. Ill. v. 1. p. 29. -

Oxea capensis. (@.) Ait. in Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 1. p. 21.

Roem. et Sch. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 70.

‘Cites.

Descr. With us, cultivated in the greenhouse, this rises

with a tree-like stem, to the height of eight or nine feet,

with many spreading branches, which are rough, with scat-

tered warts; the young shoots green, and all of them gla- |

brous. Leaves opposite, petiolate, three or four inches

long, coriaceous, oblong, attenuated at each extremity,

wavy, dark green above, paler beneath, quite glabrous.

Petioles from half to three-fourths of an inch long, rounded,

flattish above. Panicles terminal, somewhat thyrsoid, re-

‘ peatedly

th 2 ~ Yaaia, of the Greeks, from Asios, smooth, in allusion to the nature of

AE oul, te

Somarau divided in a trichotomous manner, with the

ranches four-sided, glabrous, very pale green. Pedicels

with minute bractez at their base. Flowers numerous,

white, very fragrant, small. Calyx minute, yellowish-

white, four-toothed. Corolla rotate, deeply four-lobed,

the lobes spreading or recurved. Stamens two, inserted

opposite to each other in the sinus of the lobes. Anthers

deep orange. Pistil pale green ; Germen globose. Style

shorter than the stamens. Stigma globose.

This is a native of the Cape of Good Hope, where it

appears to form a tree, yielding a wood so hard, that the

Dutch colonists, according to Mr. Burcuext, call it Yzer-

hout, (or Iron-wood,) which they esteem for making the

poles of their waggons as but little inferior to the Hassa-

gay-wood (Curtisia faginea). It is a very desirable green-

house plant; for after it has attained a certain age, tt

blossoms freely in the early spring, the flowers continue

for a long period, and are exceedingly fragrant.

Some Botanists are of opinion, that this is only a variety

of Ores capensis, (figured in the Bot. Register, t. 613.) ;

but the leaves are less rigid, longer, and vastly more acu-

minated at both extremities, and the flowers are smaller.

—

———

Fig. 1. Flowers.—Magnijfied.

MELOCACTUS ComMUNIS. GREATER 'TURK’S

Car MeEton-TuistTLe.

KKK EEK KEE EEE KEKE EEE

Class and Order.

‘IcosaNDRIA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Cacrez. )

Generic Character. —

Calycis tubus ovario adherens, lobi 5—6-petaloidei fruc-

tum juniorem coronantes. Petala totidem cum petalis in

tubum cylindraceum longe concreta. Stam. filiformia plu-

riserialia, Stylus filiformis. Stigma 5-radiatum. Bacca

levis calycis et corolla lobis marcescentibus coronata.

Semina nidulantia. Cotyledones minime. Plumula sub-

_globosa maxima.—Suffrutices carnosi reg. caudice aphyllo

_ simplici rotundato, sulcis profundis et costis verticalibus al-

_ ternantibus. Coste tuberculis confluentibus in apice fasei-

¢culi aculeorum insignite. Spadix seu Cephalium terminale

_ cylindraceum tuberculis mammeformibus confertissims to-

_ Mentosis et setiferis constans, flores in tomento subimmersos

_ $ub apice gerens. DC. ee

; Specific Character and Synonyms.

~ Metocacrus * communis; ovatus seu subrotundus atro-

-__-Virens 12—20-angulatus, costis rectis, spinis fascicu-

__ latis fuscis subequalibus. bs

~ (a.) subrotundus. Link et Otto, Diss. de Cact. 1827. t. 11.

_ De Cand. Diss. de Cact. 6. Prodr. v. 3. p. 460.

Cacrus melocactus. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 666. De Cand. PI.

- Grass. t. 112. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 2. p. 938. Haw. Syn.

_ Pl. Succ. p. V3. Dict. des Sc. Nat., cum Ic. Spreng.

Syst. Veget. 0. 2. p. 494. 23

(8.) ovatus. (Tab. nostr. 3090. ) '

Descr.

—S

* From Melo, a Melon, and Cactus; signifying Melon-shaped Cactus.

Descr. This curious plant forms a succulent mass, twelve or

fifteen inches high, and ten inches in diameter ; in the generality

of our specimens, of a dark and rather lurid green colour, ovate

in form, cut into from twelve to twenty deep furrows, and as

many rather acute angles, which are armed with a regular series

of stellated spines, about five in number (exclusive of lesser aculei

or bristles); and of these five, the three lower ones are the

largest. They scarcely exceed three lines in length, and are of

a dusky brown colour. On the summit of this large, ovate,

leafless stem, is a cylindrical crown, not half the breadth of the

stem, and from three to five inches in height, composed externally

of innumerable reddish-brown, compact, rigid, acicular bristles;

and within, of a mass of a pale, whitish, cotton-like substance.

The upper half exhibits some transverse lines, which appear to

indicate a periodical growth. In the summit of these, the flowers

are produced, and half imbedded. They are small, red, fleshy,

cylindrical, or a little swollen below; above, divided into a

number of spreading and subreflexed narrow segments : the caly

and corolla being combined into one perianth. Anthers numer-

ous, sessile, inserted upon the throat of the perianth. Germen

inferior, oval. Style reaching to the mouth of the perianth, and

there dividing into six or seven filiform styles. Fruit, a small

oval, red berry, containing numerous small, black, shining seeds.

The noble Cactus here figured differs from Mr ocactus

of authors in its truly ovate, not rounded and somewhat de-

pressed, form; and it may perhaps be deemed worthy to con-

stitute a distinct species. It has many times been imported from

the island of St. Kitt’s, to the Glasgow Botanic Gardens by

Capt. Mac Arruur. It grows in very dry and barren places,

often on bare porous rocks, into which its tortuose roots pene-

trate, if they do not derive nutriment from it. Its increase

size is very slow. The inhabitants of St. Kitt’s have observed

plants for a long period of years to make no apparent progress,

and tradition estimates the age of some of them at from two to

three hundred years. When the head is by any accident broken

off, a cluster of new Cacruszs springs up from the wound, an

by removing and planting these, the plant may be increased.

Care must be taken that the pots be well drained, for this specles

1s very impatient of moisture.

De CanpouteE mentions a var. “ oblongus ” of Link and OTT0,

but that is described as being only six inches high, and three and

a half broad ; whereas our’s reaches a gigantic size, and is always

elongated. From Jamaica, we have lately received a MELo-

cactus, with a comparatively small, rounded, and depressed

stem, which is probably the M. communis, 2, of De CAND. and the

**'Turk’s Caps” of Soaneg, and which in the Windward Islands,

we are told in the Dictionnaire des Sciences Nat. have rece!¥

the name of “ Englishmen’s Heads.”

—<———

A. Mexocactus communis, reduced to one-third of its nat. size- Fig. 2 -

Flower. 2. The same, laid open to show the Style and Stamens.—Magnifiee

gt 5091

Svan

WSLH del? Pub. by 8.Cartis, Glazenrood Essex Aug*l, 1831.

£ 3091 )

- APHANOCHILUS BLANDUS. MILp APHANO-

CHILUS.

KK EK KKK EEE EKER EE

Class and Order.

DipynaMiA GYMNOSPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Lax1ara. )

Generic Character. |

Cal. subeequalis, 5-dentatus. Cor. tubo calycem equante,

breviter 4-fida, lobo superiori suberecto subconcavo emar-

ginato, inferioribus patentibus. Stam. 4, sepius exserta,

distantia. Antherarum loculi divergentes vel divaricati,

demum confluentes, Benth. av pee

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Apnanocurius* blandus ; canescens, foliis oblongis utrinque

-attenuatis, verticillastris secundis laxé spicatis, spicis

paniculatis. Benth. fy eee ee

Apuanocuiivs blandus. Benth. in Wall. Pl. Asiat. Rar. 1.

| p. 29. b,

_ Mewrna blanda. Wall. MSS. ann. 1821. non DC.

Perini elata. Don, Prod. Fl. Nepal. p. 115.

Descr. Whole plant hoary, with short, very soft and

transparent hairs, and yielding a slightly aromatic smell,

especially the spike, on account of the great abundance of

glands on the calyces, corollas, and bractes. Stem two to

three feet high, erect as well as the branches, quadrangular,

furrowed on each face, and slightly thickened at each divi-

Sion. Leaves about three inches long, narrowed and acu-

minate

=—....

eee

% From a, not, gaww, to appear, and xs, 4 lip, from the imperfeetly

lips of the corolla.

minate at the apex, the margins furnished with broad

serratures, intermixed with others smaller, entire, and nar-

rowed at the base into a petiole about half an inch long,

nearly glabrous'on the upper surface, hoary and dotted

underneath, with prominent and hairy midrib and nerves;

the upper leaves smaller, narrower, and more entire, often

bearing only one or two deep indentures, the floral leaves

perfectly entire. Spikes slender, three to six inches lon

semicylindrical, Fascicles of flowers approximate, secund,

containing each about twenty minute, blue flowers. Bracteas

subulate. Calyx nearly cylindrical, pubescent, with five

linear teeth. Corolla twice as long as the calyx, pubescent,

with resinous dots inside. Upper lobe emarginate, lateral

ones slightly reflexed, lower one concave. Stamens distant,

ao projecting beyond the mouth of the corolla. Wall.

This plant was first introduced by Dr. Watticu into the

Botanic Garden of Calcutta in the year 1819, from seeds

sent from Nepal under the name of Nurcuoo by the Hon.

Epwarp Garpyer. From thence Dr. Waxuicn sent seeds

to the Royal Gardens at Kew, which produced the specimen

here figured. A species closely allied to this, but differing

in its shorter and broader leaves, cylindrical spikes, and

strong smell, has been also sent to this country by Dr.

Watticu, and described in the Transactions of the Horti-

cultural Society, and figured by Professor Dg CanpoLle

(Pl. Rar. Hort. Genev. p. 23. t. 8.) under the same name of

Menrua blanda. As far as can be ascertained from the

figure itself, it appears to have been taken from the A.

oe (Benru. in |. c.) or Menrua fatens (Waxt. MSS.).

——

Fig. 1. Flowers, 2. Single Flower :—More or less magnified.

Pith by § Cartis

ARRACACIA ESCULENTA. EATABLE

- ARRACACHA.

Seeker

Class and Order. J

| ee

- Penranpria Dieynta.

Ms, SS : i hin hh. 5 4 pe

( Nat: Ord.—UnpeLiirer2. a

oh i? on

1 Slr Bye ster te,

Generic Character._, shia

_ Aracacia. Bancr. Calycis margo obsoletus. Pet.lance-—

olata aut ovata integra, acumine inflexo supra mervyum

medium frenatum. Styli erectiusculi (‘‘ demum diyer-

gentes’”’) basi dilatati. Fructus oblongus a latere com-

bressus. Mericarpia jugis 5-equalibus levibus, laterali-

bus marginantibus. Vitée nulle.—Involucrum o aut ee

hyllum. Involucella subwnilateralia 2—8 setacea. Flores

olygami, radii hermaphroditi, disct mascult aut imperfecti.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Arracacia* esculenta ; foliis pinnatis, pinnis pinnatifidis_

_ incisis serratis lobis acuminatis, fructus jugis obtusis. —

Arracacia esculenta. De Cand. Prodr. »v. 4. p. 244.

Arracacia xanthorhiza. Bancroft m Trans. of Agr. &

Hort. Soc. Jam. ithe ee

Contum Arracacha. Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 152. (excl. Syn.

Conn maculati, Humb.?) ikea:

(cass

“ ti

_Descr. Root annual, fleshy, itself a tuber, of a large

Size, yellow or white, and bearing several knobs or other

tubers on the outside. These latter are of two sorts ; the

_ One kind, comparatively small, p oceeds from the upper

- Surface or crown of the root, inclining upwards, gives oft

Piensa 8

—__===:"'_

* So called, from the Indian name of the plant.

each several germs or shoots towards the top, and is marked

about the base with horizontal rings, bearing there mem-

branous sheaths, which gradually wither away :—the

other or larger and edible sort, grows on the outside and

below those just mentioned, to the number of eight to ten,

besides small ones, and descend into the earth ; the largest

measures eight or nine inches long, by two, or two anda

half inches in diameter, and is nearly of the same circum-

ference throughout, tapering off suddenly, and sending out

a few sinall fibres at the extremity. Their surface is nearly

smooth, and covered with a thin pellicle, marked across

with transverse scars, like the roots of carrots. These latter

are called “ Hios,” i. e. sons, in Bogota, and are the roots

generally brought to table, being more tender and more

delicate in flower than the main root, or “ Madre,’ mother.

(Bancr.) Stem erect, two to four feet high, glabrous,

branched, rounded and striated, green, often streaked with

purple. Leaves, those arising from the root, six to nine

inches long, (independent of the petiole,) broadly ovate in

their circumscription, pinnated with five ovato-acuminate

pinne, which are deeply and irregularly pinnatifid, the lower

pair almost again pinnated, incised and coarsely serrated,

the segments acuminated. The colour is a dark green,

shining, paler beneath: the serratures yellowish. Petiole

about as long, or longer than the leaf, sheathing and mem- —

branous at the base. The stem-leaves are gradually smaller

and less compound upwards, alternate, with short petioles,

the uppermost ones sessile and opposite. Umbels mostly

terminal. Partial umbels small, with small inconspicuous

flowers: their Involucre, consisting of from two to eight

small setaceous, simple bracteas, mostly on one side of the

umbellule. Blossoms of two kinds, those in the centre of the

umbel are either altogether imperfect, or they bear stamens

only, having a flat disk in the centre. Filaments at first in-

curved, purplish. Anthers pale green, at length white. Flow-

ers of the circumference on longer pedicels, bearing stamens

and pistil. Calyx none. Petals five, (as in the male flower,

erect, not spreading in our specimens, oval, with an incurv

point, and an elevated line, or frenum within, of a brow

ish-purple colour. The fruit I have only seen imperfect,

but apparently fully formed: it is oblong, laterally com

pressed, each carpel (or mericarp of DEcaNDOLLE) having

tive longitudinal, equal, rather obtuse ribs, which are eve?»

not wrinkled as in Contum. The styles are nearly as long

as the fruit; erect or slightly diverging dilated at the base:

We have here given the representation of a plant be-

longing to a Natural Order, the Umseirers, possessing,

it must be confessed, very few external attractions ; and,

in general aspect, the present individual may rank among

the least ornamental of its Tribe. But what this plant

wants in outward charms, is amply compensated by the

utility of its roots, which, in certain parts of South Ame-

rica, are no less esteemed than the Potato is among us.

In this country, public attention was first directed to the

“ Arracacua,” by an account of it published by M.

VareAs, a native of Santa Fé, in Kénie and Sis’ “ Annals

of Botany,’ about the year 1805.—“ The root,” he says,

“yields a food which is prepared in the same manner as

potatoes, is grateful to the palate, and so easy of digestion,

that it frequently constitutes the chief aliment of the sick.

Starch and pastry are made from its fecula ; and the root,

reduced to pulp, enters into the composition of. certain

fermented liquors, supposed to be efficacious as tonics. In

the city of Santa Fé, and, indeed, wherever it can be pro-

cured, the Arracacua is as universally used as the potato

isin England. The cultivation of this plant requires deep

black mould, that will easily yield to the descent of the

large vertical roots. It is propagated by planting pieces

of the root, in each of which is an eye or shoot ; these

acquire, in three or four months, a size sufficient for culi-

nary purposes ; though, if permitted to continue six months

in the ground, they attain to immense dimensions, without

any injury to their flavour. The colour of the root is

white, yellow, or purple ; but all the varieties have the

same quality. eile

“ Like the potato, the Arracacua does not thrive in the

hotter regions of the kingdom, for there the roots will not

acquire any size, but throw up a great number of stems,

or at best, they will be but small and indifferent in flavour.

In the countries which are there called temperate, being

less hot than those at the foot of the Cordilleras, this

Vegetable sometimes succeeds, but never so well as in the

elevated region of those mountains, where the medium

t is between 58° and 60° of FAHRENHEIT. Here it is

that these sorts grow most luxuriantly, and acquire the

Most delicious taste.”

M. Varcas further remarks, that he was not aware of the

existence of this plant in any other part of America than

the kingdom of Santa Fé ; and also, that it is not mention-

by any American writer except Axcepo, who notices it

in few words, at the end of his Diccionario Geographico-

Historico de las Indias Occidentales 6 America.

No further mention appears to have been made of this

plant in Britain, till the year 1824, when Mr. SuepHerp

was so fortunate as to bring an individual into flower in

the Botanic Garden of Liverpool, from which I published

the figure and description given in the Exotic Flora. A

few years previously, the late Baron pr Sack, of Trinidad,

had sent roots to the Glasgow Garden, and to that of the

Horticultural Society of London, as well as to Liverpool.

At the latter place, I believe, alone, it produced flowers,

when it soon perished, as did all the other plants that had

been imported: and the expectations of cultivators, that

this plant might, with due care, hold a similar rank in this

country with the potato, were frustrated.

~ In Jamaica, however, my valued friend and correspond-

ent, Dr. Bancrort, directed the attention of the public to

it, by an interesting memoir, which appeared in the Trans-

actions of the Agric. and Hort. Soc. of Jamaica, and which

was read before that Society at Kingston, in July, 1825.

That gentleman, ever anxious to promote the interests of

Science and of humanity, was no sooner made aware of the

value of this plant in domestic economy, than, through

the medium of Don Francisco Urguinaona, he introduced

it to Jamaica. “ Despairing,’”’ he says, “ of succeeding

with the culture of these roots in the heart of the city,

(Kingston,) I placed them in charge of a very intelligent

planter in St. David’s Mountains, Mr. Henry Buresr, and

under his fostering care the remaining six throve perfectly ;

so that I was enabled in the following year to send young

plants of the Arracacna to the Horticultural Society of

London, and to His Majesty’s Gardens at Kew, &c. a

well as to distribute others to various friends in different

parishes, through whose attention this vegetable may now,

I trust, be considered as extensively and well establish

in this island. It is not for me to speak of the value °

the Arracacua as an esculent ; this will be best shown

the course of time. In flavor it appears to me nearly to

resemble a mixture of the parsnep with the potato.

am aware that not a few of those who have tasted it but

once, have not liked it; yet I believe that those who

have liked it even on the first trial, are quite as numerous.

For my own part, I am inclined to think, that the taste

for it may rather be deemed an acquired one; having

found with several persons, that its relish improved up’

subsequent

subsequent trials. As the root requires a longer applica+

tion of heat than the vegetables in common use, a part of

the distaste which has been felt for it, may have been caused

by insufficient dressing. At all events, a vegetable, which

has, for so many ages been the constant and favourite food

of a considerable portion of the population of South Ame-

rica, in preference even to the potato, which is there indi-

genous, ought not to be thought undeserving of a fair trial

in the way of cultivation in Jamaica.” |

When the Arracacua had arrived at perfection, Dr.

Bancrorr determined it to belong to a new Genus, to

which he gave the native name of the plant, with a more

euphonious termination, Arracacta, and the species he

designated xanthorhiza, to distinguish it from a white

and purple-rooted kind, which, however, he afterwards, .

I believe, justly deemed to be only a variety: hence Pro-

fessor De Canpoxte’s reason for changing it. To Dr.

Bancrorr I am indebted for drawings and many details

of this plant, as our Garden is for the roots. With these

valuable helps, I have been able here to give a more

correct figure than that which appeared in the Exotic

Flora. Still the fruit is a desideratum ;—neither in Tri-

_ Nidad, nor in Jamaica, nor in Britain, have perfect seeds

been formed: the fruit has invariably fallen away before

the seeds were ripe. The plants increase considerably by

the roots; and by removing the offsets from the parent

roots, and keeping them through the winter, as the roots

of Dahlias are kept, Mr. Murray has found them to vege-

tate readily in the Spring, and to succeed in a warm

Situation, even in the open air. See

Dr. Bancrorr relates the following method of cultivating

this plant at Bogota ; which is, after separating the upper

tubers, or knobs, from the root, to detach from these the

offsets, singly, each with its portion of the substance of the

tuber, which is then to be pared smoothly all round at the

bottom, the outer leaves being stripped or cut off, so as to

leave a sprout from half to two or three inches at the most.

fany germs or eyes be seen at the base of the offsets, these

must be carefully cut out. Thus prepared, the shoots are

Planted in loose mould, in a slanting direction, at distances

of fifteen or eighteen inches from each other, whether the

ground be level or sloping. Afterwards, at intervals of

about two months, the soil ought to be weeded ; and when

the plants have attained the height of ten or twelve inches,

or whenever they show a disposition to blossom, the ra

Ing

ding tips should be taken off, as the process of flowering

would hinder the root from coming to its greatest size,

care being taken not to remove more than the budding

extremities, lest the growth of the root should thereby also

suffer ; with the same view, any luxuriance in the shoots

ought to be prevented, since it must be at the expence

of the root. From time to time, and particularly after

weeding the ground, fresh mould should be laid round the

foot of each plant, to aid likewise in the enlargement

of the root. In favourable situations, the Arracacna, I

am told, attains its full size in six months. It does not

seem to require a rich soil or much moisture ; since here,

on a loose but poor soil, in the St. Andrew’s Mountains,

where very little rain fell from the time it was planted

until it was full grown, it throve and reached maturity in

eight months. The soil which suits Yams, appears equally

adapted to the Arracacna.

In Bogota and Popayan, they obtain a succession of

Arracacnas through the whole year, by planting shoots

at every decrease of the moon.

The root rasped and macerated in water, deposits a

fecula, which is in very general use at Bogota, as a light

nourishment for the sick, in the same manner as the fecula

of the Maranra arundinacea is in Jamaica.

In the Exotic Flora, I inclined to an opinion, that the

Conium moschatum, of Hums. and Kunru. Nov. Gen. v. 9. P-

14. t. 420, might be the same as our Arracacna ; but the

more compound leaves of Humsoxpr’s plant, their more

obtuse segments, less deeply serrated, spotted when dry,

the much larger umbel, trifid involucre, larger fruit, which

is broad at the base, and the divaricating styles, together

with the odour of musk, (whereas our plant has the heavy

smell of Conrum maculatum,) have induced me to consider

it distinct. It is the Arracacta moschata of De CAnpDoLLe.

It grows in cold places, in the province of Los Pastos, near

Teindala, at an elevation of eight thousand four hundr

feet above the level of the sea, where it is called by the

natives, Saccharacha; a name not very dissimilar to Ula

of our plant.

= i rE

Fig. 1. Male Flower, young. 2. Stamen from the same. 3. Male Flowet,

with Stamens exserted. 4, Female Flower, with a Bractea. 5. Petal.

Frui t, immature, 7, Partial Umbel.—All more or less magnified.

Pab. by 8. Curtis Glazenweod Essex dng 18d. pwan St.

MSH del?

C 3093 )

ARBUTUS MUCRONATA. SHARP-POINTED

--. ArBuTus.

Class and Order.

Decannria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Enricez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-partitus inferus, Cor. urceolata, limbo 5-dentato,

reflexo.. Anthere dorso biaristatez. Bacca 6-locularis, pla-

centis laminas polyspermas sistentibus.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

_ Argutus * macronata; caule lignoso diffuso, foliis ovatis

cuspidatis denticulato-serrulatis rigidis utrinque niti-

dis, pedunculis axillaribus folia subaquantibus brac-

teatis 1-floris cernuis.

Argutus mucronata. Linn. fil. Suppl. 239. Forst. Com-.

ment, Goett. 9. p. 31. Lam. Ill. t. 366. f. 2. Willd.

Sp. Pl. v. 2. p. 619. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 287.

eee

Descr. Shrub much branched from the root ; branches

diffuse, round ; bark brown and cracked, younger branch-

es reddish, sparingly pubescent, the hairs flexuose, sub-

ulate, arising from red glands, at first white and soon

becoming yellow. Leaves (eight lines long, four lines

broad) on short petioles, scattered, turned towards the light,

flat, naked and shining, dark green in front, pale behind, |

coriaceous, with a distinct middle rib, but obscure veins,

excepting on the old leaves, which are faintly reticulated,

ovate or lanceolato- ovate, denticulato -serrulate, and ter- —

minated ©

Scents

* So named from ar, rough or austere, and boise, a bush, in Celtic.

minated by a long, rigid bristle. Flowers axillary, solitary,

white, nodding. Peduncles pale green, nearly as long as

the leaves, sprinkled with reddish pubescence, and having

several scattered, appressed, ovate bracteas on their lower

half. Calyx naked, white, five-parted ; segments acute.

Corolla white, campanulate, rather smaller than that of

Convatiaria majalis, somewhat transparent between the

calyx-segments, five-toothed, segments reflected. Stamens

ten ; filaments cordato-ovate, white, and under a moderately

powerful lens appearing rough ; Anthers attached by their

backs to the apex of the filament, erect, brown, attenuated

at their points, where they open by two pores, bristles

very short, erect. Pistil included. Stigma of five, erect

points. Style nearly half as long as the whole pistil, erect,

cylindrical, pale yellowish-green ; Germen equalling the

stamens in length, round, smooth, green.

We raised a single plant of this species from seed given

us by Mr. Mackay in 1828, which flowered in the Edin-

burgh Bot. Garden, May 1830, for the first time. It is

stated by Forster, to be a native of the Streights of Ma-

gellan. Mr. Macxay’s seeds were received from Mr. An-

DERSON, an indefatigable and highly successful cultivator,

who has been sent to explore the southern parts of the

continent of America, by the establishment at Clapton:

but I do not know the exact station where he met with the

plant. Graham.

————

Fig. 1. Leaf: nat. size. 2. Flower. 3, 4. Stamens. 5. Apex ofa Cell

of the Anther. 6. Pistil—Magnified.

BS H. det?

Lab. by §.Curtis Glazenwood Essex Ana Z[ssl

Swan 8

( 3094 )

CALCEOLARIA ANGUSTIFLORA. NARROW-

FLOWERED SLIPPER-WORT.

Class and Order. -

Dianpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Scropuutarina. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 4-partitus. Cor. bilabiata : labium inferius calcei-

forme, inflatum. Caps. semibivalvis: valvulis bifidis.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Catcrotaria angustiflora ; caule suffrutescente, ramis dif-

fusis purpureo-maculatis foliisque oppositis vel ternatis

pedunculatis ovato-oblongis duplicato-serratis pubes-

centibus subviscidis, pedunculis axillaribus umbella-

tis in paniculo terminali collectis.

Carceoraria angustiflora. Ruiz et Pavon, Fl. Peruv. v. 1.

p. 17. t. 28. f. a. Spreng. Syst. Veget.v.1.p 47.

Descr. Stem scarcely woody, slender, much branched

and diffused ; branches green, sprinkled with oblong pur-

ple spots, pubescent, hairs spreading. Leaves nearly two

inches long and one inch broad, petioled, opposite or ter-

nate, ovato-oblong, doubly and unequally inciso-serrated,

pubescent on both sides, as well as the branches subviscid,

shining and bright green. above, paler below, veined and

wrinkled, veins prominent below, channelled above. Pe-

duncles axillary, umbellate, forming an oblong panicle at

the extremity of the branches, the lower peduncles gene-

rally supporting four pedicels, two of which are occasion-

ally branched, the upper peduncles with fewer pedicels, or

simple ; two bracteas of the structure and form of small

leaves, are at the origin of the pedicels, these, as well as

the peduncles, pedicels, and calyx, are pubescent and sub

viscid: |

viscid: the whole scarcely exceeding the length of the leaf,

in the axil of which they are placed. Calyx four-parted;

segments unequal, lanceolate, the upper the broadest.

Corolla yellow, upper lip wanting, there being only a

scarcely prominent ring, passing round the germen; low-

er lip extremely slender, and somewhat pubescent at its

origin, turgid below, and closed by a prolongation of its

upper edge, turned up and brought into contact with the

stigma. Stamens two, having their origin from the lower

half of the ring which forms the faux of the corolla ; fila-

ments erect. Anthers large, yellow, as in the other species,

bilocular with the lobes attached to each other by their

ends, and bursting along the front. Pistil rather longer

than the stamens; stigma minute ; style somewhat hooked

downwards. Germen pubescent, and, as in the other

species, conical and furrowed on two sides.

The only plant of this species which we possess, was re-

ceived from the Botanic Garden of Glasgow, where it was

raised from seed communicated from Lima by Mr. Cruck-

sHANnKs. In habit and appearance it is very distinct from

any of the species already in cultivation, and corresponds

with a native specimen that Mr. CrucksHANnKs kindly

gave me, as well as with the figure of Ruiz and Pavon,

sufficiently to induce me to consider it as illustrative of the

form to which these authors applied the specific name

that I have adopted. Still, a continued experience of the

tendency to produce hybrids which this Genus possesses,

renders me more and more sceptical about the title which

very appreciable varieties of form have to be consider

specifically distinct. In a former number of the Edinburgh

Philosophical Journal, I noticed some mule plants, which

had been raised by Mr. Garpner, at Grantown, near Edin-

burgh, by artificially impregnating some of the most dis-

tinguishable kinds of Carceonarta: since that time, the

same cultivator has obtained all sorts of mixtures, am

blended different species into one another, through an in-

finity of gradations. _ |

In the figure of Ruiz and Payon, the lip of the corolla is

much less turgid than it appears either in the cultivat

plant or in my native specimens; but the representations

are not always correct in these details, and the station,

Canta, assigned by these authors for C. angustiflora, is the

sameé.as where Mr. Crucxsnanxs gathered the individ

plant that he gave me. Graham. aR

<i nee ie

Fig. 1. Leaf, nat. size. 2. Corolla, with the lip forced back; slightly

BOIS

i My |

Wil

Rer*Z Guilding del? Pub by S. Curtis Glazenwood Fssea. Sep? 1.1831 . Swan Se.

C 3095 )

ANNONA squamosa. UnpvuLatep Custarp-

_ APPLE, SuGAR-APPLE, Sweet-sop.

Class and Order.

Potyanpria Potnyeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Annonacez. ) _

Generic Character.

Sepala 3, basi coalita concava, subcordata, acutiuscula.

Petala 6, crassiuscula, interiora minora aut nulla; anthere

plurimz subsessiles apice angulate dilatate torum obte-

gentes. Carpella plurima coalita m baccam unicam sessi-

lem cortice muricato squamoso aut reticulato, intus pulpo-

sam, ad ambitum multi-locularem, Joculis 1-spermis. D C.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Annona squamosa ; foliis oblongis acutis glabris, fructibus

rotundatis obtuse squamosis, petalis exterioribus lan-

ceolatis, interioribus minutis (quandoque nullis ?)

Annona squamosa. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 757. Jacq. Obs. 1.

p. 13. t. 6. f. 1. Swartz, Obs. p. 221. Willd. Sp. Pl.

v. 2. p. 1264. Dunal, Monogr. p. 69. Ait. Hort. Kew.

ed. 2. v. 3. p. 334. De Cand. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 472,

Prodr. 7. 1. p. 85. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 640.

Atamaram. Rheed. Malab. v. 3. p. 21. t. 29. :

Annona tuberosa. Rumph. Amb. v. 1. p. 138. t. 46.

Anona foliis odoratis minoribus, &c. Sloane, Jam. v. 2.

t. 227. ; :

Anona foliis oblongo-ovatis undulatis venosis, &e. Browne,

Jam. p. 256. |

2 Drscr. This forms a tree, or large shrub, fourteen or _

fteen feet high, with a smooth and low ¢runk, and numer- :

°Uus patent, rounded branches. Leaves petioled, alternate, __

a oblong,

oblong, mostly acute, entire, nerved, glaucous beneath:

the petioles short, thickened below. Peduncles \ateral,

generally two-flowered. Flowers pendent. Calyx in three

triangular, acute segments, small. Petals: three exte-

rior ones an inch long, lanceolate, triquetrous, of a thick

and fleshy texture, glabrous, moderately spreading, green

without, pale within, and having a deep purple-coloured

depression at the base of each; three interior petals minute

(according to authors, but neither Swarrz mentions them,

nor does Mr. Guitpine figure or describe any). Stamens

forming a very compact, broad ring or circle around the

pistils, obtuse: Filament very short. Cells of the anther

longitudinal, occupying the same plane as the filament.

Pistils collected into a compact, cone-shaped body, very

small, each with a capitate and somewhat acute stigma.

Fruit compound, large, roundish or oval, of a yellowish-

green colour, embossed with prominent, oblong and some-

what imbricated, obtuse, adnate scales, which in maturity

spread and are more depressed; internally filled with as

many pulpy cells as there are united fruits, some being abor-

tive, the rest one-seeded: these all radiate from a central,

oblongo-acuminated receptacle, from which, when ripe, the

pulp readily separates. Seeds oblong, deep brownish-

black, compressed, with a pale swelling at the hilum.

_ filled with numerous transverse, brown lines or

clefts. |

The Sweet-sop or Sugar-Apple has been mentioned by

some authors as a native exclusively of South America,

by others, as both of Asiatic and American origin.

Himarre *, however, has come to the conclusion, that it was

imported from the East Indies to the New World. “ The

Brazilians,” he says, “ designate all their Annonas which

are truly indigenous, by the word Araticu, which belongs to

the Guazani tongue. With regard, however, to the ANNONA

squamosa, which I have always seen cultivated, and which

Vettozo, in his MSS. mentions as not being a native

the country, it is known under the names of Piha, oF

Ata. The first of these is evidently given, from the resem-

blance of the fruit to that of the Pine-apple: yet it is never

applied to those indigenous species which have the same

» Consequently it was introduced to Brazil along W:

the plant. The second name Ata, is derived from Attoa and

—

* Plantes Usuelles des Braziliens, Livr. 6. p. 5.

Atis, by which the plant is called in Asia, and which is of

Oriental origin.”” Hence our author concludes that Asia is

the native country of the Sugar-Apple. This opinion is

strengthened by what Sroane says, “ that it was brought

by the Chinese and Arabs from the Manhilas and Philip-

pine Islands to Malabar, and afterwards to East India by

the Portuguese.” Be this as it may, the plant is now

abundantly cultivated in the New as well as in the Old

World, and principally on account of the fruit. Yet, in

regard to its quality, there seems to be some difference of

opinion. Browne says that, “ it is pretty much esteemed

by many of the fair sex, though seldom served up at table.”

In the French Colonies, it is known under the name of

Pomme Canelle and Ceur de Beuf, and is highly esteemed

for its agreeable flavour. The unripe fruit, according to

Stoang, boiled with a little ginger in fair water, cures the

vertigo ; and “ the leaves beaten, adding salt to them,

make a poultess, which put on malignant tumours power-

fully ripens them.” :

ANNONA squamosa was introduced to the stoves of this

country in the year 1731, but it does not appear that it has

ever produced fruit, nor even flowers in this country: hence

I have great pleasure in publishing, though on a reduced

scale, the beautiful drawings sent to me by my friend the

- Rev. Lanspown Guiipinc, and made by him from the

living plant in the Island of St. Vincent.

—_.

Fig. 1. Small flowering Branch ; nat. size. 2. Section of a bud, made

near the middle. 3. Expanded Flower. 4,5. Stamens. 6. Calyx, Stamens,

and Pistils. 7. Single Pistil: magnified. 8. Ripe Fruit. 9. Vertical Sec-

tion of ditto, 10. Seeds: mat. size. 11. Section of a Seed: magnified.

4 5096

WL det? Pub by §.Curtis Glazenwoed Essex. Sep *Lisal

¢ 3096)

TOURNEFORTIA HELIOTROPIOIDES. HELtI0-

TROPE-LIKE 'TOURNEFORTIA.

Class and Order.

Penranpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Boracinex. )

Generic Character.

_ Cal. 5-partitus. Cor. hypocrateriformis (v. subrotata)

_ faucenuda. Stamina inclusa. Stigma peltatum subco-

_ licum. Bacca di- (rarius tetra-) pyrena, ossiculis dis-

_ permis, Br. :

Specific Character.

Tournerortia * heliotropioides ; suffruticosa, ramis herba-

ceis hirsutis, foliis ellipticis obtusis utrinque pubescen-

tibus margine undulatis, racemis bis terve dichotomis,

bacca tetrapyrena. ae

,,Descr. Stem, in our plant, one and a half to two feet

: high, rounded, branched, hairy, somewhat shrubby, peren-_

Mal, the branches soft and herbaceous. Leaves alternate,

~ petioled, elliptical or ovato-elliptical, obtuse, very veiny

and wrinkled, waved at the margins, entire, soft on both

Sides with short hairs or pubescence. Peduncle terete,

ry, terminal, often with a single leaf, twice or rarely

thrice branched, the ultimate divisions revolute, and bear-

mga one-sided, two-ranked raceme of many flowers, almost

exactly resembling those of Hetiorroprum peruvianum, but

rather larger, and instead of yielding the delicious scent

ofthat universal favorite, imparting a disagreeable odour. __

Calyx. 2 ¢

: “sy So named in honor of Josera Prrrov pe Tournerort, a Physician os - -

Faveller, and one of the greatest among the Botanists of France. 2”

Calyx in five deep, broadly linear, obtuse, at length spread-

ing segments, hairy. Corolla hypocrateriform : its tube

deep yellow, hairy within ; its Zimb five-lobed, spreading,

somewhat plicate, pale lilac. Stamens: Anther very small,

nearly sessile, inserted near the base of the tube. Pustil

exceedingly short. Germen globose, glabrous. Stigma

sessile, large, conical, slightly glandular, yellow. Fruit

(immature) a nearly globose, but somewhat compressed,

four-celled, four-seeded berry, tipped with the black, with-

ered stigma, and surrounded by the persistent calyx.

This plant has so completely the aspect of a Hetiorro-

pium, that without an examination of the pistil or fruit, no

one would suspect it to belong to the Genus TourRNEFORTIA.

As an ornamental plant, its merits may be ranked with our

well-known Hexiorropium peruvianum and corymbosum :

but its flowers are unfortunately devoid of fragrance.

Seeds were received at the Garden of Glasgow from the

Reverend Mr. Lanspurcu ; and the plants flowered in the

stove in the month of May, 1831. It is a native of Buenos

Ayres.

————

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Pistil, with the lower portion of the Tube of the

Corolla bearing the Stamens, 3, Calyx and nearly ripe Fruit. 4. Section of

the Fruit: magnified.

3097,

Svan

WIE. det? Pr we

ib by § Cartis 6lazenwood Essecx. Sep! LISSL

€ 3097)

TRILLIUM DISCOLOR. GREEN-FLOWERED

TRILLIUM.

KEKE EK KEKE KEKE KEE EEK

‘Class and Order.

Hexanpria TRIGynIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Smimacez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 3-phyllus. Cor. 3-petala, patens, Filamenta gla-

bra. Anthere longitudinaliter adnate. Stigmata linearia,

sessilia, reflexa. Bacca trilocularis, polysperma. %

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Trituum discolor; flore sessili erecto, petalis obovatis

obtusis obtuse mucronulatis inferne attenuatis calyce

dimidio longioribus, foliis sessilibus lato-ovalibus

acutis.

Tritium discolor. Wray, in litt.

lee

Descr. Stem nearly a span high, erect, flexuose, of the

thickness of a goose-quill, glossy, dark purple, — above,

where, at the very extremity, it bears a whorl of three large,

broadly oval, quite sessile, acute, spreading leaves, per-

fectly glabrous, dark green and obscurely blotched above,

paler beneath, with five wavy ribs, which are connected by

oblique nerves. Flower solitary, large, sessile in the centre

of the three leaves, and at the summit of the stem. Calyx

of three large, green, spreading sepals, oval-oblong, acute.

Petals three, erect, half as long again as the calyx, obo-

vate, very obtuse, with a short blunt mucro, of a pale

sulphur-yellow inclining to green, tapering below into a

broad and pale green claw. Stamens six, about one-third

at the extremity, the cells lateral, longitudinal, yellow. — oS

| remity, the 8 Pati. :

the length of the petals, erect : Filaments very short, pur-

Ple. Anthers linear, dull purple, acute, and a little incurved |

hdl "

Pistil: Germen ovate, three-lobed, with two prominent

angles at the margin of each lobe, purplish-green, Styles

linear-obtuse, purple without, yellow within.

In the month of January of the present year, our Botanic

Garden of Glasgow was enriched with a box of rare plants,

packed in Sphagnum, from Augusta, in Georgia, communi-

cated by our valued correspondent, Dr. Wray, of Augusta,

the intimate friend of the late SrepHen Exuiorr, Esq. With

very few exceptions, these plants, on account of the ex-

cellent mode in which they were packed, have succeeded

perfectly well, and among them, the new Tritium, here

figured, flowered vigorously in May of the present year,

1831, having been treated as an inmate of the greenhouse.

I have retained the name which was attached to the plant,

and which was probably given to it by Dr. Wray himself,

in consequence of the great difference in the color of its

flower from that of Tritium sessile, with which it agrees

in the sessile leaves and sessile and erect flowers, but

from which it is strikingly different, no less in the broadly

ovate petals, than in their peculiar, pale greenish-yellow

hue, which also exhale a smell, resembling the American

Allspice.

This species grows freely in a mixture of peat and loam,

and will probably prove as hardy a perennial as other

species of this Genus have shown themselves to be with us.

———

_ Fig. 1. Petal, nat. size. 2. Front view of a Stamen. 3. Back view of

ditto. 4. Pistil: magnified.

pes

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C 3098 )

BRASSAVOLA ELEGANS, ELEGANT

BRASSAVOLA.

TER KEKE EERE KKEKEK

Class and Order.

GynanpriA Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuiwea. )

Generic Character.

Labelium ungue simplici; lamina indivisa (raro triloba).

Petala distincta, patula. Masse Pollinis 8 (vel plures!) Br.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Brassavoxa elegans ; scapo racemoso, labello amplo basin —

columnz amplexante profunde trilobo, columna su-

perne lato-alato.

Cyrropopium elegans. Hamilt. Prod. Pl. Ind. Oce. p. 53.

cum Ic.

ine

Descr. Root consisting of several long, cylindrical,

fibres, of a cinereous colour, Stem procumbent, rooting,

jointed, and covered with greyish, dry, mem branaceous

sheaths. Leaves linear-subulate, semi-cylindrical, chan-

nelled above, coriaceous. Scape two feet long, filiform at

the base, knotted and covered with grey, appressed, scari-

ose sheaths, towards the apex and at the base of the flower-

stalks, bearing minute bractee. Flowers loosely spiked :

Peduncles about an inch in length. Perianth five-parted,

the Segments uearly equal, (the three outer ones ovato-

lanceolate, the two inner narrower,) brownish-green, stri-

ated. Labellum three-lobed, lateral lobes oval, rose- _

coloured, middle-lobe obovate, or somewhat rhomboidal,

thickened and callous towards the base, where it is of a Ss

yellow colour, the lamina is rose-coloured, and marked oS

_ with five purple lines. Column somewhat boat-shape i

_ €xpanded at the summit, where there is a small eee 5

a four-toothed margin for the msertion of the anther. The

Stigma occupies a triangular depression on the upper and

anterior part of the column, immediately below the inser-

tion of the anther. Below the stigma the Column becomes

somewhat tumid anteriorly, and has a small channel lead-

ing down to a short tube formed by the junction of this

part of the column with the middle lobe of the labellum.

The lateral lobes are attached to the sides of the column ;

so that, except a small portion posteriorly, opposite the

superior segment of the perianth, the column is completely

embraced by the labellum. The tube formed by the base

of the column does not lead to the germen, and its throat is

nearly closed by the calli of the middle lobe. The column

is yellow anteriorly with rose-coloured wings. The anther

is opercular, deciduous, heart-shaped, eight-celled, (one

for each mass of pollen, linear, oblong, parallel, and one

for each of the spherical bodies which terminate the caudi-

cule or filamentous appendages of the masses,) divided by

their membranaceous septa,) of a purple colour. Pollen-

Masses four, pyriform, compressed, parallel, yellow, each

having a separate caudicula, reflected upon itself, and

terminated by a small yellow, viscid, spherical, or glandu-

lar body.

I am indebted to Dr. Nicuotson of Antigua for the drawing

and description of the present interesting Orchideous plant, which

has, I believe, been hitherto nowhere noticed, except in the

work above quoted, and which appears to be exclusively an in-

habitant of the Island of Antigua. It there grows, neither in

soil, nor upon trees, but, as Dr. Hamitton, its original dis-

coverer, observes, upon stones : and according to Dr. NicHot-

son, “ upon lofty rocks of the trap formation, along with

Eripenprom ciliare, Oncip1um pulchellum, Pircairnia bro-

meliefolia, P1Lea muscosa, PePEeromia, and many species of

Ferns. The same gentleman well observes, that it cannot pro-

erly be arranged with the Cyrropopta, as will also appear by

18 own accurate analyses: and if these be compared with the

flowers of Brassavota, I think it will be evident that the plant

belongs to the same Genus. The structure of the foliage, too, 18

alike in both. Our plant differs from Mr. Brown’s character

of Brassavota in its deeply three-lobed lip ; but in B. tubercu-

lata and B. cucullata, the only hitherto known species of the

Genus, the two sides at the base are somewhat dilated, or imper-

fectly lobed, and, in all, the base of the lip almost surrounds the

lower part of the column.

_, Fig. 1. Flower. 2, Flower, from which the Column is removed. 3. Front

view of the Column. 4. Anther with its Pollen-Masses. 5. Anther-Case-

6. Four of the Pollen-Masses, with their Caudicule. 7. Section of a nearly —

mature Capsule :—more or less magnified. De be

5099

MDH. del! : Pab. by §.Curtis Glarenwood, Eesex, sep! L 18351.

cnn

( 3099)

HowusTONIA LONGIFOLIA. LONG-LEAVED

HousTonlia.

KEK KKKKKKK KEK KKEKEKEE

Class and Order.

TrerranprRiA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord —Ruvsiscez. )

Generic Character.

Cal, 4-fidus. Cor. infundibuliformis, 4-fida. Stigma

bifidum. Caps. bilocularis, placenta fungosa dissepimento

annexa.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Houstonta * longifolia; caule erecto ramoso tetragono ad

geniculas precipue pubescente, foliis lineari-oblongis

radicalibus inferne attenuatis pubescentibus basi cilia-

tis, stipulis lato-ovatis integris vel bi- tridentatis mem-

branaceis, staminibus inclusis.

Hovsronia longifolia. Gaertn. de Fruct v. 1. p. 226. t. 49.

J. 8. (quoad fructum). Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 1. p. 583.

Roem. et Sch. Syst. Veget. v. 3. p. 208. Spreng. Syst.

Veget. v. 1. t. 427. Bigel. Fl. Bost. ed. 2. p. 53.

Elliott, Carol. v. 1. p. 192. Torrey, Fl. Am. 2. 1.

p. 178. :

Hovustonia angustifolia. Mich. Fl. Am.v.1. p. 85. Pursh,

Fl. Am. v. 1. p. 106.

ieee

Descr. Perennial. Root small, of many branching fi-

bres. Stem from four or six inches to a span or even a

foot high, branched, at times very considerably so, four-

sided, sometimes nearly glabrous, generally downy below

the joints. Leaves linear-oblong, in our specimens oppo-

Site, spreading, the radical leaves the broadest and atten-

uated at the base, pubescent, especially near the margin on

the upper surface, and ciliated at the base ; the cauline

leaves only ciliated at the base. The upper sides of the foli- _

age are of a rather dark green, and when seen under a lens

appear

—

——

on * In compliment to Wrni1am Houston, who published a Memoir on the =

_Contrayerva in the Philosophical Transactions. apatl) #¥6 alte

appear to be covered with minute, elevated points ; below

paler, and quite even. Stipules opposite, broadly ovate,

almost rotundate, white, membranous, entire or two- or

three-toothed at the extremity, the margin often glandular.

Flowers at the extremity of the branches in rather com-

pact and somewhat corymbose, leafy panicles. Calyx four-

partite, with linear, oblong, spreading segments, sometimes

a little ciliated at the margin. Corolla somewhat infundi-

buliform, white, or very pale purple, yellow at the base,

the limb cut into four spreading, rather acute, ovate seg-

ments :—inside, the corolla is slightly downy on the limb,

and in the lower part of the tube. Stamens small, inserted

near the base of the tube, and not attaining to the summit

of it. Anthers linear, yellow. Pistil: Germen inferior,

turbinate, marked with elevated lines, two-celled, many-

seeded, the ovules attached to a central, free column: the

upper part of the germen is convex. Style as long as the

tube of the corolla. Stigma bifid, glandular, white. Fruit

a half-inferior, two-celled capsule, surrounded by the per-

sistent calyx and opening at its free, two-lobed extremity

mto two valves. Seeds small, black.

This plant was received at the Botanic Garden, Glasgow,

from Mr. Cunninenam, of Edinburgh, as a native of the

Blue Mountains ot N. America, whence I believe it was

introduced by Mr. Buarr. In referring it to the Houstont4

angustifolia of Micuavux (which is now almost universally

considered to be the same as the H. longifolia of W1tt-

DENOw), I have been influenced by a specimen, evidently

of the same species, from Lake Champlain, in Dr. Boott’s

collection, marked as the plant of that name in Purs#’s

Herbarium. Other individuals which I possess from North

America have narrower and sharper leaves: so that the

plant is probably liable to much variation in that respect,

as well as in the color of its flowers. But our speech

the narrow-leaved varieties of his H. varians (purpure4,

Wittp.) as with his angustifolia; only he describes the

stamens as exserted, which is not the case in our plant. *

this plant proves, as I have good reason to suppose it 1S, 4

true Housronra of Linnaus, I do not see how it can possibly

be separated from the Rupiace# and referred to GENTIANE®,

as has been done by De Canpotte. Indeed Anolis, 0

De Cann. in the Ord. Rupiacez, seems to me iden

with the Genus of the present individual.

———— :

_ Fig. 1. Corolla, 2. The same laid open, 3. Calyx and Pistil. 4 5°

tion ofaGermen, 5, Capsule, 6, Stipules.—Magnified. gpa

rT ,

i. / EZ delé

Srar ge &

Lub. bp § c, 4) 0, lA 2 23]

+ S.C. Fi

Crk a?

By Claz 42 od

Z SAX, Sep?

, VEP. 2 £183

( 3100 )

PALAVIA RUOMBIFOLIA. RHOMB-LEAVED

PALAVIA.

Class and Order.

Monapetpuia Po yanpriA. as

( Nat. Ord.—Manvacea. )

Generic Character.

Cal. nudus, 5-fidus. Carpella plurima monosperma. in

capitulum absque ordine aggregata. De Cand.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Paravia * rhombifolia ; foliis rhomboideis lobato-crenatis |

_ ad venas sparsim stellato-pilosis pedunculo brevio-

ribus, stipulis subulatis ciliatis viridibus, petalis obo-

Vato -cuneatis oblique emarginatis, caule prostrato

ramoso parce stellato-piloso. ;

Patavia rhombifolia. Graham, in Edin. Phil. Journ. Sept.

1830.

Descr. Annual? Stem prostrate, branched, sprinkled

very loosely with rather rigid hairs, which are single or

stellate. Leaves an inch and three quarters long, one and

a half broad, alternate, petioled, soft, bright green above,

_ paler below, rhomboid, glabrous, sublobate, or de y

and unequally crenate, nearly entire at the base, five-nerved,

veined, the nerves and veins prominent below, channelled

above, and both above and below, but especially on the

~ latter surface, loosely sprinkled with hairs, similar to those

on the stem. Petioles one inch long, rather shorter than

the leaves, having a shallow groove along their upper

surface,

* Named in com

Otany at Madrid.

pliment to Ayrox1o Patav y Verpera, a Professor of ge : Z

surface, ciliated. Stipules subulate, ciliated, green, spread-

ing, connivent at the apices. Peduncles three inches long,

solitary, axillary, longer than the leaves, loosely provided

with hairs like those on the other parts of the plant, slightly

tapering, jointed near the calyx, but not swollen at the

joint. Flowers large, scentless. Calyx persistent, five-

cleft, green, more hairy both within and without than any

other part of the plant ; tube somewhat fleshy and lighter-

coloured than the cordato-ovate, acute, more membranous

segments, the edges of which are compressed and _pro-

minent in the bud. Corolla thrice as long as the calyx,

rose-colored, veined, flat, (then two inches across,) and

becoming paler when fully expanded; Petals five, obovato-

cuneate, obliquely emarginate, glabrous, ciliated at the

base, estivation twisted. Stamens monadelphous, numer-

ous; sheath of a pale rose colour, bearing at or near the

_ top the partial filaments, which, as well as the anthers, are

darker and orange-red; anthers kidney -shaped, dotted,

bursting by a suture along the back ; Pollen globular,

smooth, yellow. Styles numerous, cohering at their base,

equal to the stamens in length, purple, appearing rough

under the microscope. Stigmas flat, deep purple, villous :

Germens numerous, ‘each containing a single ovule, green, —

dotted, glabrous, collected irregularly into a head, inclosed

within the calyx. i

_ Thisisa very pretty plant; and if it will bear cultivation

in the open border as an annual. promises soon to become

common. ‘The seeds were received from Mr. CrucksHANKS

in the spring of 1830, having been collected by that gentle-

man near Lima. It bears a profusion of blossoms in a&

hot-bed, at the Botanic Garden of Edinburgh.

This species has much affinity with Pataua moschata of

Cavanittes’ Dissert. y. 1. p. 41. t. 11. f. 5, (Pauavia mos-

chata of later writers,) but which is described as being

tomentose, with an erect stem, cordate leaves, coloure

stipules, and roundish, yellow petals, whose hue passes”

Into purple. The figure above quoted, also represents 4

tumefaction at the joint of the peduncle, which is quite

wanting in our present species; nor can I perceive the -

existence of perfume in any part of the plant. Graham.

——_——

Fig..1. Column of Stamens including the Styles: magnified.

( 3101 )

AspLenium Nipus. Birn’s Nest

SPLEENWORT.

JERE

Class and Order. j

ey Se am

Sh, ‘ Pe 2

. -CryprocamiA FILIceEs.

( Nat. Ord.—Fruices. )

Generic Character.

Sori lineares, sparsi, dorsales. Involucrum e vena latera-

liter ortum ducens, margine superiore libero. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

_ Asprentum* Nidus; frondibus lanceolatis integerrimis gla-

ee bris subsessilibus, soris coufertis parallelis coste ap-

__-proximatis. :

Asprentum Nidus. Linn. Sp. Pl. v. 2. p. 1537. Swarts,

~ Syn. Fil. p. 74. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 5. p. 304. Br.

~ Prodr- Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 50. Kaulf, Enum. Fil. p.

164. Spreng. Syst. Veget.v. 4. p. 80. Wall. Cat. of

+ Pl. in Mus. of E. Ind. Comp.n.198.

facie. Moris. Hist. 3. p. 558. s. 14. t. 1. f- 15.”

129. £99.

eee

_Descr. This Fern, in its native country, seems to be a

parasite on the trunks of trees. Its roots are tufted, and

_ from their summit arises.in a spreading circle, a crown of

nearly sessile, lanceolate, shortly acuminated fronds, two

feet and a half to three feet in length, ofa rich green colour,

Somewhat, glossy, and of a texture between coriaceous and

membranaceous,

* From a, not, and cman, the spleen, some species haying been esteemed

useful in removing obstructions of the viscera.

membranaceous, having a strong midrib and numerous

very closely-placed, parallel, oblique, delicate nerves, the

margin a little thickened, and quite entire. The lines of

fructification are very copious, densely placed in parallel

lines almost from the base to the extremity of the frond,

and extending from near the midrib two-thirds of the way

towards the margin. Involucres very long and extremely

slender. Capsules globose, dark brown, on long, slender

stalks, and surrounded by a rather broad ring.

The Bird’s Nest Spleenwort is a native of the Peninsula

of India and Islands of the Indian Seas, extending to those

of the Pacific Ocean, where it has been found in the La-

drone Islands, and to Oahu of the Sandwich group. Our

finest dried specimens are from the Mauritius, gathered by

C. Tetrair, Esq., Professor Boser, and M. Bovron.

Professor Rappr has given it has an inhabitant of Brazil,

but neither his figure nor description agree with the true

lant, and it does not appear to be an inbabitant of the

ew World at all. In the stoves of our country it has only

been cultivated, according to Loupon’s Hortus Britannicus,

since 1820; but it is a highly ornamental plant, and de-

serving a place in every collection. The mode of growth

of this plant, its fronds forming a circle, hollow in the

middle, would alone justify the specific name given by

Lixnzus; but it seems to have originated from another

circumstance: ‘ the root,” he says, “ fixes itself upon the

lofty trees, whence the leaves rise erect, and arrange them-

selves in a circle, like an umbel, in the hollow centre of

which the birds are frequently accustomed to build their

nests,”

Fig. 1. Plant, greatly reduced in size. 2. Portion towards the Apex of

a Frond, with its Lines of Fructification, 3. A Sorus. 4. Capsules :—

magnified,

WI del? Pub. by 8. Curtis. Clexenwood Essex Oct 11932 Swran Se.

( 3102 )

CorYANTHES MACULATA. Sporrep-LIppED

CorVANTHES.

KEKE KEE EEK RK

Class and Order.

GyNANDRIA MonanpriA.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuinez. )

Generic Character.

CoryantuEs: nov. gen. Petala 3 exteriora paten- —

tissima reflexa, quorum ateralia maxima; 2 interiora multo —

truncata bialata, alis dorso utrinque productis. Labellum

poculiforme stipitatum, appendicem maximam galeiformem

tridentatam pedunculatam, columnam in parte tegentem,

_ gerens. Anthera terminalis, operculiformis. Masse polli-

nis 2, ovate, compresse, margine hinc rima longitudinali, |

_ pedicello replicato. :

Herbe parasitice Americe meridionalis, intertropice.

_ Bulbus elongatus diphyllus. Flores inter maximos hujusve

_ordinis, racemosi, flavi. :

Specific Character.

Coryanrues* maculata; bulbo elongato, foliis lato-lan-

ceolatis, racemis multifloris nutantibus, (labello intus

purpureo-maculato. )

‘Sees

Descr. Bulbs clustered, five to six inches long, striated, _

_ about an inch broad near the base and tapering upwards,

at the base throwing out tortuouse, fibrous roots ; at the

extremity bearing two broadly lanceolate, striated, and

‘Somewhat membranaceous leaves. Scape a foot and a hal =

—_...

P * From xopvs, a helmet, and asbos, a flower; from the large helmet-like

- ®ppendage to the lip of the flower. | ‘

>. VOL. ¥. ‘ L

in length, arising from the base of the bulb, at first thrown

out in a horizontal direction, at length from the weight of

the flowers quite pendulous. Bracteas membranaceous,

ovato-lanceolate, large, two or three upon the scape, where

they are sheathing, and one at the base of each of the

flowers. The two larger petals, as soon as the flowers

expand, spread cut in an horizontal direction, and then

from their size and texture, they resemble a bat’s wings,

soon becoming reflexed and withering. The colour of the

petals is a pale ochraceous yellow, that of the lip and its

appendage more inclining to yellow, the latter tinged at

the margin, and spotted inside with purple. The struc-

ture of all the parts of the flower is so similar to that of

Goneora (Coryanthes) speciosa, figured at t. 2755 of this

work, that it is scarcely necessary to repeat the description.

Although in the vegetation of this plant, and also in

some degree in its flowers too, there exists a considerable

affinity with the Genus Goneora of Ruiz and Pavon ; (and

of Exotic Flora, t. 178;) yet there are few who will not

allow, that it might well form a distinct Genus, in its

labellum very unlike all other known Orchidew. Hence I

have been led to distinguish it under the appellation of

Coryantues; which I am the more disposed to do, now :

that I have seen three species belonging to the same Genus, o

all agreeing in general habit and essential character.

The first of these is the Goncora speciosa above referred

to; the second, Goneora macrantha (Bot. Miscellany, t. 80,)

remarkable for its plaited margin to the stalk of the galeate

appendage ; and our present plant is the third, which cer-

tainly approaches very near to the first of those now men-

tioned. It differs in the much greater breadth of its leaves,

in its more numerous and pendulous racemes, and espe-

cially in the colour of its flowers, which are here of a pale

and dingy yellow more or less approaching to tawny, aué

in having the inside of the appendage to its labellum spot

ted and blotched with purple. It is a native of the trunks

Of trees in the forests of Demerara, where it was discoveré

by James ANKERs, Esq. and communicated to C. S. PARKER, — ,

Esq. of Liverpool, who presented it with many rarities from

___It blossomed in the stove of that collection in the month 2

of June, 1831, and was sent to us by our often-mention

friends, the Messrs, Suepuerps.

A. Column and Lip, with its Helmet-shaped Appendage: nat. size. Fig

1. Summit of the Column with th th iew of the

case, 3. Fillets Bits ccBtscateor. Anther, 2, Inner view 0:

WIE. del? Pub. by 8 Curtis, Glazenwoed Esse

ce 3103° ¥*

LoNICERA HIRSUTA. Harry AMERICAN

W oopBIne.

KKK KER EEE EKER EEE EE

Class and Order.

PentranpriA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Capriroticez. )

Generic. Character.

Calycis tubus 5-dentatus. Cor. tubulosa, campanulata

aut infundibuliformis, limbo 5-fido sepe irregulari. Stam.

5. Stylus filiformis. Stigma capitatum. Bacca 5-locul., —

loculis oligospermis. Semina crustacea.—Frutices inter-

dum scandentes. Folia opposita interdum connata, integra

aut in iisdem speciebus subruncinata. Flores axdllare s dis-

positione vari. DC. 2 re

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Lonicera* hirsuta; volubilis, verticillis capitatis glandu-

loso-pubescentibus, foliis late ovato-ellipticis breviter

petiolatis pubescentibus ciliatisque subtus glaucis,

summis connato-perfoliatis. here

Lonicrra hirsuta. \“ Eaton, Man. of Bot. ed. 3. p. 341.”

ed. 4. p. 352. Torrey Fl. of Midd. St. of N. Am. v. 1.

Pp. 242. ae SS as

Lonicera pubescens. Sw. Hort. Brit. p. 194. De Cand.

Prodr. v. 4. p. 332. ign |

Carrironium pubescens. Goldie in Ed. Phil. Journ. (1822,)

v. 6. p. 323. Hook. Ex. Fi. t. 27.

Descr. Stem climbing, six to eight feet high, more _

or less downy, terete. Leaves large, of a full deep green,

eect -

aoe

= Ao compliment to Apam Lonicer, a German Naturalist of the sixteenth

in opposite and rather remote pairs, ovato-elliptical, waved,

rather acute, the lower ones almost obovate, and on short

petioles, the upper sessile, and the uppermost ones connato-

perfoliate, downy on both sides, but especially beneath,

where they are glaucous, ciliated at the margin. The

floral leaves are quite glabrous above. Flowers in ter-

minal, capitate whorls ; the extreme ones generally in three

heads, of a fine golden-yellow colour, externally, and par-

tially within, glanduloso-pubescent. Calyx of five very

minute teeth. Corolla with the tube longer than the limb,

curved. Upper lip broadly cuneate, five-toothed, lower one

linear, the margins recurved. Stamens exserted. Fila-

ments hairy in their lower half. Anthers oblong. Style

nearly as long as the stamens. Stigma orbicular, de-

pressed.

- This beautiful and hardy species of Honeysuckle was

introduced to our gardens by Mr. Goxpie of Ayr, from

North America, in the year 1819, and published by him m

the Edinb. Phil. Journal, in April, 1822, under the name

of Carrirotium pubescens, by which appellation also it ap-

peared shortly after in the Exotic Flora. Neither Mr.

Goxpre nor myself were then aware that the same plant

was known to Mr. Eaton, an American Botanist, and pub-

lished by him in the third edition of his useful Manual of

Botany, as Lonrcera hirsuta, n. sp. That edition, I have —

indeed not yet had the opportunity of seeing; but judging

from the date of the Preface to the fourth edition, (1823,)

and from the circumstance of Dr. Torrey’s giving the

preference to Mr. Eaton’s name, it must have the right of

priority.

I do not see any reason for suspecting, with Dr. Torrey,

that this is only a variety of Lonicera flava, Curt. (CAPRI

Fotium F'rasert of Pursn,) which has glabrous flowers a0

leaves, and cartilaginous margins to the latter, and appeals

to be a much more Southern species.

_ Our figure is taken from a fine plant, which blossomed

in the Glasgow Bot. Garden, in June, 1831.

——

_ Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Stamen, 3. Stigma and part of the Style: magnified.

4. Lower Leaf, nat. size. ee : : :

rS . swan %

WA del? Pub: by S. Curtis Glarenwood Bssex0etLIEH “ = 4

Bast 00 a NE i i arta i i gat

Who published an account of his voyage to China.

C 3104 )

TORENIA SCABRA, . Rouen Torenta,

Class and Order.

Dinynamia ANGIOsPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Scrornurarina. )

Generic Character.

Cal. tubulosus 5-dentatus, v. bilabiatus, labiis 2—3-den-

tatis. Cor. ringens, labio superiore bilobo, inferiore trifido.

Stamina didynama: Antheris per paria coherentibus, lobis

oppositis : filamentis longioribus dente laterali auctis.

Sigma bilamellatum. Caps. bilocularis, bivalvis, valvis in-

tegris ; dissepimento parallelo libero—Herbe. Folia op-

posita, dentata. Pedunculi axillares et terminales, ebrac-

teat, fructiferi erecti. Br. 3

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Torenia * scabra ; folus lanceolato-ovatis serratis scabris,

_ caule erecto pubescentulo, calyce 5-dentato zquali.

Torenra scabra. Graham, in Ed. Phil. Journ. Br. Prod.

Fl. Nov. Holland, p. 440.

Tirrmannra scabra. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 800.

-_ Descr. Annual? Root slender, tapering, having many

branching, lateral fibres. Stem erect, with very short,

harsh, slightly reflected pubescence at its base, perfectly

glabrous above, channelled on two sides, alternating at the

joints. Leaves lanceolato-ovate, acutely serrated, entire at

the apex and base, subciliated, veined, scabrous along the

Veins behind, soft and subglabrous in front. Inflorescence

4 few-flowered terminal cyme, peduncles erect, without

bracteas, stout. Calyx smooth, regular, five-parted, per- _

sistent, —

—

* Named after OLor ToreeEn, a Swedish Naturalist, and pupil of Linnaus, fs

sistent, segments acute, mucronulate, spreading in. their

upper half, closely imbricated below. Corolla one inch

long, one inch across, lilac and white, (violet-purple in my

specimens. /1.) striated, glanduloso-pubescent, ringent, its

limb dilated and spreading, crenate, the upper lip two-

lobed, the lower three-lobed, of which the central lobe is

the largest and emarginate ; tube campanulate, dilated on

its lowest side, somewhat flattened above, contracted and

having two pits without on each side towards its base,

again dilated as it covers the germen. Stamens didyna-

mous; filaments distant, hairy near the base, adhering to the

corolla nearly as far as the throat, there suddenly bent, the

longer at right angles, the shorter at an angle of about 45°.

The longer filaments projecting from each a clavate tooth

at this angle, pass horizontally round the throat of the

corolla, and meet under the stigma; the shorter having a

much smaller tooth at the angle, pass obliquely upwards to

the style, and meet below the others. Anthers bilobular,

divaricating, lilac, at first free, afterwards cohering in pairs,

and bursting along the front. Stigma exserted, of two

ovate, subacute, diverging plates, the lower rather the

largest. Style glabrous, filiform, slightly flattened near the

stigma, as well as the filaments colourless, marcescent.

Germen green, conical, somewhat furrowed in the sides,

ovules very numerous, attached to a large, central recep-

tacle. Capsule ovate, tumid, tipped by the persisting base

of the style, bilocular, bivalvular, valves entire, dissepiment

parallel to the valves, seeds very numerous, ovate, dotted.

Seeds of this very pretty plant* were sent from New

Holland by Mr. Fraser last year, and communicated to

the Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, both directly from himself

_and by Sir Tuomas Brissane, in October and November.

_ They were marked “ Ruellia, sp. nov. from the banks of -

the River Brisbane, Moreton Bay.” Graham.

= oe I think it searcely accords sufficiently with the name or character of

Mr. Brown s T. scabra, to warrant its being with certainty united to that

Species, H,

co 1. Corolla laid open to show the Stamens. 2, Calyx and Pistil. 3.

ermen and Nectary. 4, Section of a Germen: magnified.

MSH del? Pub by 8, Curtis, Glazenwood #seca.0et"ss8H

( 3105 )

Austra:meria Nertun. Mr. NEILu’s

ALSTRGEMERIA.

Re Se he ie ie ee a as

Class and Order.

HexanpriA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—AmaryLimeg. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium corollaceum, subcampanulaceum, sexpar-

titum, irregulare ; laciniis duabus (v. tribus) interioribus

- tubuloso-conniventibus. Stam. 6, laciniis inserta, demum

declinata. Stigma trifidum. Caps. trilocularis ; loculis

polyspermis.—Caulis erectus, scandens aut volubilis, folia-.

tus. Flores umbellati. Kunth.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Atstrameria Neillii ; caule erecto flaccido folioso, foliis

spathulatis obtusis glauco-pruinosis apice lateribusque

reflexis integerrimis, petalis tribus exterioribus obo-

vatis emarginatis equalibus crenatis, interioribus paulo.

longioribus spathulatis subintegerrimis, pedunculis

umbellatis bifloris. Graham.

Atstrameria Neillii. Gillies’ MSS.

eee

Descr. Stems simple, many from the same root, erect,

flaccid, round, very leafy, subglauco-pruinose, especially

towards the top, greener below. Leaves spathulate, about

Seven-nerved, central rib hardly prominent behind, except

im the lower and narrower half, reflected at the point and

Sides, waved, glauco-pruinose, quite entire, callous at the

_ Margin, and particularly so at the apex. Peduncles three

_ OF four, forming a terminal wmbel, two-flowered, dull pur-

le, a little longer than the leaves, which are collected in the

form of an involucre round their base. Perianth: Segments _ om

SIx, unequal, much attenuated, succulent, involute and —

_ Ciliated at the base, each with three primary nerves, pro-

4 minent behind, and two or four secondary nerves, scarcely —

reticulated ; three outer segments equal, of a nearly ee |

pale rose colour, rather darker in the middle of the outside, obo-

vato-crenate, with a central, green, concave, callous point ; three

inner segments rather longer than the outer, spathulate with a

green callous apex, and oblong deep rose-coloured spots on their

upper half, the lowest is rather the shortest of the three, nearly

flat and arched backwards ; the two others project in the centre of

the flower, and are straight, except near the apex, where they

are bent back, and immediately below this point are marked by a

broad, transverse, yellow band, nectariferous at the base. Sta-

mens laid along the lower petal till the pollen is mature, when

they become straight, and nearly parallel with the two central

tals, which they almost equal in length : filaments rose-colour-

ed, slightly tapering, pubescent at the base; Anthers greenish-

rose-coloured, flattened, and, as in the other species when the

loculaments burst, becoming flattened in the opposite direction ;

Pollen reddish, granules very small and oblong. Stigma trifid,

rose-coloured as well as the prismatic style, which is only green

at its persisting base. Germen trilocular, purple, obovato-turbi-

nate, covered with minute, shining tubercles, ribs strong and

rominent. Ovules numerons, attached in two rows, within each

oculament, to the central receptacle.

This extremely handsome plant flowered, for the first time in

this country, in Mr. P. Nuixx’s greenhouse, at Canonmills *,

near Edinburgh, June 1831. Mr. Nerux is uncertain to whom

he is indebted for the plant, but as seeds of ALstRameERiA pal-

lida were sent in the same packet, and as we possess specimens of

this, collected by Dr. Giux1es at Los Ojos de Agua, it is probable

A. Neillit was from him also, Dr. Giir1es inclines to the same

opinion, and believes that this species is the one which at Men-

doza is called Pelegrina, and of which he has various individuals

in his Herbarium. It is possible that these are identical, though

the segments of the perianth are in the native specimens perfectly

entire, the inner ones lanceolate, not spathulate, the outer acute,

not emarginate, and the peduncles single-flowered. Dr. G1LL1£s

found it on both sides of the Cordillera of the Andes, between

Chili and Mendoza. I alluded to it in my description of ALSTRE-

MERIA pallida, in the Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal for

September, 1829, and conjectured, that when it flowered, it might

prove to be a variety of it. The inflorescence, habit, and colour-

ing give support to this conjecture ; and our increasing acquaint-

ance with South American Genera throws increasing scepticism

upon all enquiries as to the natural boundaries of species; but U

the period arrives when a revision of the whole Genus ALSTRE-

MERIA Shall warrant a considerable reduction of its species, the

characters above noted may be deemed sufficient, as giving to

this form a better title to a specific name than several others,

which are now held to be sufficiently distinct. Graham.

_* This very interesting establishment has recently sustained a great loss 10

the removal of the gardener, ALExanpER Scorr, whose professional talent

and patient industry have been transferred to a situation of more extensive

usefulness. He has been appointed foreman to Mr. Knicur1's Exotic Nor”

sery, Chelsea, a situation for which he is especially fitted by his quiet, unas —

suming manners, and uniformly steady conduct. Graham.

Fig. 1, Lower Leaf. 2. Outer, and 3, inner Petal: nat. size. —

3106.

Fud :

Sn: 4 s. Cart, Claxenwood Essex, Oct? 17832

( 3106 )

RuHopopENDRON Lapponicum. LaApiLanp

RHODODENDRON.

BREE EEE EREEEER EE EERE

Class and Order.

PEeNTANDRIA MonoeyniA. ~

( Nat. Ord.—Enricea. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-partitus. Cor. infundibuliformis 5-lobus. Stam.

5—10 declinata : antheris apice biporosis. Capsula 5-locu-

laris, 5-valvis, ab apice dehiscens, valvarum marginibus in-

flexis dissepimenta formantibus: Receptaculum centrale

5-angulare. Semina membrana inyoluta.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Ruopoprenpron* Lapponicum ; fruticosum, ramosum, pro-

cumbens, ramis divaricatis, floribus umbellatis 5—8-

andris, corollis rotato-infundibuliformibus, foliis ob-

longis obtusis rigidis foveolato-punctatis subtus disco-

loribus lepidotis marginibus reflexis.

Ruopopenpron Lapponicum. Wahl. Fl. Suec. p. 249.

Spreng. Syst. Veg. v. 2. p. 293. Graham, in Kd. N.

Phil. Journ. Oct. 1830. — |

Azatea lapponica. Linn. Fl. Suec. p: 64. Sp. Pl.v. 1. p.

214. Fl. Lapp. (ed. Smith,) p. 59. t.6.f.1. Pall. Fl.

Ross. v. 2. p. 52. t. 70. f.1. Fl. Dan. v. 6. t. 906.

Willd. Sp. Pl. v.1. p.832. Pers. Syn. Pl. v. 1. p. 212.

‘ee

é Descr. An evergreen, procumbent shrub, about six

Inches long ; branches at length divaricated, round, grey,

when young red, obscurely pubescent, warted. a

ree

———

* From odor, a rose, and dsvdpor, a tree, from the usual colour of the flowers

of these shrubby plants. z Bs

three lines long, four lines broad, petioled, divaricated,

elliptical, veinless, reflexed at the edges, dark green above,

paler and at last yellowish beneath, thickly sprinkled on

both sides with hollow dots, which are covered with an

umbilicated, persisting, yellowish scale, obscurely chan-

nelled along the middle rib, which is somewhat prominent

behind. Flowers terminal, umbellate, about five or six in

the umbel, of which three expand at a time, surrounded

with large, concave, imbricated, brown, dotted scales or

bracteas. Peduncles as long as the bracteas, round, dotted.

Calyx small, five-toothed, blunt, ciliated, thickly covered

with yellow scales. Corolla (three-fourths of an inch across, )

crimson, rotato-funnel-shaped, five-cleft, segments blunt,

unequal, waved, the throat hairy and nectariferous, nectari-

ferous pore very indistinct. Stamens five to eight, equal in

length to the corolla, scarcely declined ; filaments adhering

to the base of the germen, of the same colour as the corolla,

hairy near their base ; anthers brown, attached by the back,

bilocular, each cell depressed in the middle as by a longi-

tudinal suture, but bursting by a pore at its upper extre-

mity ; pollen yellow. Stigma red-brown, capitate, five-

lobed, lobes depressed. Style round, red, glabrous, longer

than the stamens, once or twice geniculated. Germen

green, thickly covered with yellow scales, similar to those

on the calyx, conical, obscurely five-lobed, ciliated round

the base of the style, five-celled ; placente linear, extend-

ing to the parietes, covered with innumerable ovules.

The enterprise of Mr. Cunnrncuam has been rewarded by

having first in Britain brought into flower AnpDROMEDA

hypnoides * and Ruopopenpron Lapponicum. These two

interesting plants may be seen under the same hand-glass,

in the nursery at Comely Bank, near Edinburgh: they were

both brought from Canada by Mr. Brarr, in 1825. The

subject of the present description flowered in July, 1830.

Graham.

Ruopopenpron Lapponicum inhabits the alpine ridges of

the low grounds in the extreme Arctic regions of Europe,

Asia, and America. The bruised leaves are fragrant, yie d-

ing a smell, which Patias compares to that of Turpentine.

‘The flowers are exceedingly beautiful.

* Figured at Tab. 2936 of this work.

Fig. 1. Flower, with its Bracteas. 2. Calyx, Stamens, and Pistil. 3.

Anther. 4. Germen. 5. U d : ace gs ae

magnified. pper, and 6, Under side of a leaf :—mor

5107.

WSL del? Pub by §. Cartes Glenenwood: Essex, OcPLI8El.

( 3107 )

Ecuinocactus Ortonis. Mr. Orro’s

E:CHINOCACTUS.

Class and Order.

IcosanpR1A Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Cacrez. )} ,

Generic Character.

Sepala numerosa imbricata basi ovarii adnata in tubum

brevissimum concreta, exteriora involucriformia, intima

petaliformia, Stam. numerosa. Stylus filiformis apice

multifidus, Bacca sepalorum reliquiis subsquamata. Co-

tyledones nulle ?—Frutices simplicissimi carnosi ovati aut

globosi melocactoidei costati aphylli costis tuberculis conflu-

entibus quasi formatis, dorso aculeorum fasciculos geren-

tibus. Cephalium seu spadix nullus. Flores e fasciculis

aculeorum ad apices costarum orti, similes floribus Cerei sed

tubo vix ullo donati.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Ecuinocactus * Oftonis ; caule subcylindrico, costis 12

obtusiusculis, spinis mediis 3—4-longioribus erectius-

culis tenuibus fuscis, reliquis 1O—14 tenuissimis paten-

tibus longe acuminatis subserrulatis cuspidatis.

Ecurnocacrus Ottonis. Link et Otto, Gew. Bot. Gart. Berl.

eft. 16.

Cacrus Ottonis. Lehm. Ind. Sem. Hort. Hamb. 1827, p. 16.

Ind. Schol. in Gymn. Hamb. 1828, p. 11. f

Descr. Stem, in our plant, three to four inches in height,

orbiculari-cylindrical, contracted at the base, where a pro-

3 uces

—_—==—=—

* From exw, a hedgehog, and xaxros, cactus.

wa i

duces offsets, marked with about twelve vertical, deep fur-

rows, the ridges between the furrows obtuse, studded with

rather closely set small tufts of reddish wool, from which

arise three or four rather strong spines, of a deep purplish-

brown colour, which stand forward, and are sometimes

curved, and several lesser pale-coloured spreading ones. The

longest and strongest spines are from the summit of the

stem ; but the largest of them rarely exceed half an inch in

length, and their bases are the most woolly. From the

summit of the stem arise one to three or four sessile flowers,

large in proportion to the size of the plant, and ofa delicate

lemon colour. Calyx tapering at the base, imbricated with

scales, which are clothed with reddish or ferruginous wool,

mixed with long, slender, dark red spines. Petals numer-

ous, erecto-patent, linear-acute, obscurely and irregularly

serrulated, aristate, of a rather thin and scariose texture.

Stamens about half as long as the petals, yellow. Style

equal to them in length, bearing a bright red stigma, with

about twelve to fourteen rays.

This very beautiful species of Ecuinocactus was first

described by Dr. Leamann, (to whom our Glasgow Garden

is indebted for the possession of the plant,) and afterwards

was well represented in Linx and Orto’s excellent publi-

cation on the plants of the Berlin Garden, It is a native of

Brazil : and like all its tribe should be cultivated in a warm

and dry stove, and the pots kept well drained from mois-

ture. It blossomed with us in July, 1831.

Our collections are now, by the zeal of the Botanists in

the New World, beginning to be well stocked with the

species of this curious and highly interesting family. At

one time, the hotter parts of that vast continent were alone

supposed to afford them: but from the lat. of Mendoza,

(33° South,) and at a considerable elevation above the level

of the sea, Dr. Gruxiss has supplied the Glasgow and other

Botanic Gardens, with no less than twenty-two species ;

gathered within the distance of a morning’s ride from that

city ; while in North America, Messrs. Dovenas and Drum:

monp met with Cactuses between the parallels of 40° and

50°, in the Rocky Mountains: whereas, Professor ScHouUWw

has scarcely extended the region of the tribe beyond the

tropics.

_ ‘Fig. 1. Cluster of Spines: magnified.

( 3108 )

NIEREMBERGIA GRACILIS. SLENDER

NIEREMBERGIA.

SS oa i ae ee a oe

Class and Order.

PentTAanpDRIA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Soxanacez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. tubulosus, 5-fidus. Cor. subhypocrateriformis, tubo

longissimo, tenui; limbo 5-lobo, plicato (sub-) aquali.

Stam. 5, exserta. Filam. inferne connata (an semper ?)

Anthere longitudinaliter dehiscentes. Stigma subinfundi-

buliforme, bilobum, (nobis laterale transverse oblongum

utrinque acuminatum recurvum). Capsula in fundo caly-

cis persistentis bilocularis, bivalvis; dissepimentum valvu-

lis parallelum, demum liberum; placente dissepimento

intime adnate.—Caules lignost aut herbacei, filiformes,

procumbentes et sape repentes. Folia sparsa, solitaria,

interdum gemina, integra et integerrima. Flores extraaxil-

lares aut oppositifolii, solitarii, subsessiles, albi. Kunth.

= -

Specific Character.

| Nieremperera * gracilis ; caulibus herbaceis erectiusculis

foliisque anguste lineari-subspathulatis pubescentibus,

capsula polysperma, ue oe

‘,

_Descr. Stems several, as it appears, from the same root,

six to eight inches high, herbaceous, rounded, downy,

branching upwards, with the branches alternate, very slen-

er. Leaves small, scarcely more than he if an inch long, |

harrow-linear, approaching to spathulate, rather ee ‘

__. * In compliment to Joun Evsestvs Nizrempers, a Spanish Jesuit of the a

ey ms

i Sixteenth century, who wrote a “ History of Nature.”

pale glaucous-green, obscurely costate, downy, all of them

alternate and scattered, except the lowermost, which ap-

pear almost whorled, the uppermost ones on the young

branches subsetaceous. Flowers terminal on the young

branches. Calyx with its tube attenuated at the base,

white and membranaceous, with ten green, prominent ribs,

scarcely downy ; limb of five linear, spreading, green and

somewhat foliaceous, slightly downy segments. Corolla:

tube much exserted, very long and exceedingly slender; the

limb spreading, convex, unequally five-lobed, white, streak-

ed with purple, having a yellow eye where it is inserted

on the tube: the lobes rounded, obtuse. Stamens five.

Filaments rather short, inserted in the mouth of the tube,

scarcely connate, two in front of the style and three behind

it, somewhat equal, two longer than the rest, and one

(the centre of those behind the style,) smaller, curved at

the apices. Anthers roundish, reniform, two-lobed, two-

celled, the cells opening laterally by a vertical fissure.

Style as long as the stamens. Stigma transverse, anterior,

oblong, acuminate at each extremity and recurved, green,

viscid. Germen ovate, dotted, two-celled, cells with many

ovules attached to the receptacles of the dissepiment.

_ The Genus Nieremserers, characterized by the ex-

tremely slender tube of its corolla, inhabits exclusively the

New World, and appears to have an extensive range there;

one species of those hitherto described being a native of

Peru (N. repens, R. and P.) another of Mexico, (N. angus-

tyfolia, H. and K.) and a third of Monte Video, (N. pubes-

cens, Sprene.). To these, I have the pleasure of adding a

fourth, a native, like the last, of the vicinity of the Uraguay,

but in botanical character nearly approaching the Mexican

lant. From that it differs in the pubescent stems and

eaves, as well as in the structure of the stamens and stigma;

so much so, that I should almost be inclined to consider

them generically distinct ; only that the figure and descrip-

tion of N. angustifolia being made from dried specimens,

the learned authors might be deceived in the appearance of

ae minute parts, and thus the difference may be account-

or. pei

. Our plants were raised from seeds sent from Buenos

Ayres, by Mr. Tweepse, and promise to bear the open aif

insummer. They flowered in July, 1831.

$$$ ——

Fig. 1. Leaves. 2. Calyx. 3. Front view of Stamens and Style. _

Back view of ditto. 5. Anther. 6, 7. Front and back view of the Stigma. .

8. Germen. 9, Section of ditto,—Mugnified. : ga

id Harrison del? Pub. by § Curtis, Glazenwood Essex Nov? 17831 Swan &t

¢ 3109 )

ONCIDIUM BICORNUTUM. ‘'T'wo-HorNeED

ONCIDIUM.

KKK KK EEK EEE KKKEEEK

Class and Order.

GyNANDRIA MoNANDRIA. |

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuinez. )

Generic Character.

Labellum explanatum, lobatum, basi bituberculatum. —

Petala patentia (2 antica nune connata). Columna alata.

Masse Pollinis 2, postice bilobe : medio affixe processu

communi stigmatis. Br. |

, Specific Character.

Onciprum bicornutum ; bulbo elongato diphyllo, scapo

radicali, panicula densa, perianthio tetraphyllo foliolis

; obovatis subequalibus, labello angulato-lobato late-

ribus apiceque reflexis, disco tuberculato, columna

: pubescente, anthera cornubus duobus mollibus re-

2 flexis.

Descr. The bulbs of this singular and beautiful species

of Oncipium are four to five inches long, subcylindrical,

furrowed, clustered and clothed at the base with lacerated,

brown, sheathing scales, at the extremity bearing rarely

one, mostly two, linear-lanceolate, coriaceous, obscurely

striated, acuminated leaves. Scape radical, terete, jointed

and bracteated, rising a little above the leaves, and bearing

a comparatively large and dense panicle, which, apparently

from the weight of the numerous flowers, curves gracefully

like an ostrich-feather, the branches somewhat distichous,

each ramification and the base of each flower bracteated. —

_ Perianth deep yellow, with transverse spots and bars of a

_ dark-red purple-brown colour, almost wholly yellow . the |

708,..%. M

stad eee

base, in four pieces or leaflets, which are nearly equally

obovato-cuneate, waved, the lateral ones especially, the

lowermost one the smallest and narrowest, yet formed of

the two lower leaflets of the outer series, and obscurely

two-nerved. Labellum erect, of a very singular form, and

difficult to be explained by words. It appears smaller

than the rest of the pieces of the perianth, but these arise

from the margins and extremity, which are waved and

angled, being singularly reflexed ; whilst the upper side

presents many wrinkles and tubercles, yet even these are

‘placed with regularity, so that every labellum is alike in

its angles and projections and depressions : the colour is

yellow, mottled and spotted with purple-red. Column

pale reddish-yellow, almost white, downy, semicylindrical,

shorter than the column, upwards expanding into two pro-

jecting wings: beyond this the column rises into an orbi-

cular receptacle for the hemispherical anther, which is also

downy, and which bears on its anterior edge, two soft,

recurved awns or horns, such as I have never seen in any

of this family. When the anther-case is removed, two

obovate, wavy, yellow masses of pollen with a cleft at their

posterior side are seen attached to an attenuated, narrow,

membrane or filament, bearing a small gland at its base.

Germen linear-clavate, scarcely twisted.

This is another of the many highly interesting Orchideous

plants for the possession of which our country is indebted

to Mrs. Arnorp Harrison of Aigburgh, near Liverpool,

and to her brother Harrison, Esq. of Rio. It was

discovered by that gentleman in woods, sixty miles inland

from that capital, and communicated to his sister, who is no

less successful in cultivating, than he is in detecting the

many novelties of the tribe which the forests of Brazil afford.

It was sent to England in 1830, and in June, 1831, pro-

duced the panicle of flowers here represented, done in part

from the plant itself, and in part from a drawing sent by

Mrs. Harrison.

——

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Flower, from which the Lip has been removed.

Anterior and posterior views of the Lip. 6. Column, with its Anther —

attached. 7. Column, with the Anther-Case forced back, to show the —

Pollen-Masses. 8. U . Z Saget of

ditto — Magnified. pper view of the fplep Masses. 9. Posterior

view of the lower of the four Segments of the Perianth. 4, 5. — :

( 3110 )

LANTANA Nivea, var. mutabilis. Waorre-

FLOWERED Lantana, Changeable var.

Se i Sie hee es a

Class and Order.

Dipynamia ANGIOSPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Verpenacez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. brevissimus, obsolete dentatus. Cor. tubulosa, lim-

bo inequaliter bilobo. Stam. inclusa. Drupa baccata,

1-pyrena, pyrene biloculari, 2-spermo, rima loculis interpo-

sita. Spr. eh

Specific Character and Synonyms.

- Lanrana nivea; foliis oppositis ovatis acuminatis scabris in —

petiolum attenuatis, capitulis hemisphericis, bracteis

linearibus tubo brevioribus, caule frutescente aculeato.

Lantana nivea. Willd. Enum. p. 631. Vent. Mal. p. 8.

t.8. Bot. Mag. t. 1946. — : |

(8.) floribus flavis demum roseis. (Tab. nostr. t. 3110.) _

_ Descr. A shrub, four or five feet high, branched, the

branches four-sided, glabrous, but furnished with strong,

Short, often curved aculei, set principally upon the angles.

Leaves large, of a deep green colour, scabrous, ovate, acu-

_ Minate, obtusely serrated, much nerved, diffusing an un-

_ pleasant odour, at the base gradually tapering into a rather _

long petiole. From the axils of the upper leaves, the —

_ peduncles arise, equal in length with the leaves or sometimes —

longer, four-sided and slightly aculeated, rarely branched,

ring a large and beautiful head of changeable flowers

_ at the extremity. These flowers are collected upon an_

oblong, fleshy receptacle, which has sometimes a pair of

_ Opposite small leaves at the base. Bracteas, one ae

flower, shorter than the tube, linear, the outer ones broader,

almost lanceolate. Tbe somewhat curved, slightly downy,

limb spreading, waved, unequally five-lobed, the margins

more or less recurved, at first yellow with an orange eye,

then becoming rose-coloured with an orange eye, finally

entirely rose-coloured. Calyx small, obscurely four-lobed.

Stamens four, inserted nearly at the middle of the tube.

Filaments short. Anthers rounded, brown, Pistil: Ger-

men ovate : Style about half the length of the tube: Stagma

capitate, oblique.

Our Glasgow Botanic Garden is indebted for this hand-

some and most desirable inhabitant of the stove to Mr.

Marnock, of Britton Hall, by whom it was communicated,

under the very appropriate name of L. mutabilis. The

_ comparatively large heads of flowers are at first wholly

yellow, with a deeper eye; the outer ones then first gra-

dually become rose-coloured, the orange eye for a time

remaining, when that changes likewise, and at length the

whole flowers are a delicate rose colour. Of what country

it is a native, I am ignorant; but it possesses all the essen-

tial character of L. nivea, and hence I have considered it

as a variety of that species, although, perhaps, the white-

flowered state should rather be considered ’a variation from

this. L. nivea is stated in Bot. Mag. t. 1946, to be an

East Indian plant ;—a native of the West Indies according

to Sir J . Situ, in Rees’s Cycl. From L. aculeata it

differs in its far more strongly aculeated and glabrous stems

and branches. Its flowers appear in May and June, and

continue for a considerable length of time.

——

Fig. 1. Young Flower. 2. More advanced ditto. 3. Stamens. 4. Calyx.

5. Pistil :—magnified.

Rarz. Cake deeng dele

Lieb by S. Curia, Claxenwood EssexNev 1193!

Sl?

( 8lll 3112 )

Acuras Sapota. Common Sapora.

Butry-Tree.

EERE KEE EEE EER EE EEE

ee Class and Order.

Hexanpri1a Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Saporez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 6- (raro 5-) partitus. Cor. 6-fida. Stamina 6 ste-

riia squameformia, cum totidem fertilibus alternantia.

Ovarium 12—6-loculare. Pomum 12—6-spermum. Nu-

ces compress, ossex, ventre longitudinaliter deraso. Semen

albuminosum. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

_Acuras* Sapota; foliis oblongo-ellipticis acutis, pedunculis

calycibus petiolisque ferrugineo-pubescentibus, fila-

_ mnentis sterilibus oblongis obtusis, ovario pluri-loculari.

-) fructu elliptico seu ovato. ee

ras Sapota. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 470. Willd. Sp

2. p. 224. Jacq. Am. p. 57. t. 41. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed.

2. v. 2. p. 312. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 132. —

zas fructu elliptico scabro majore. Brown, Jam. p.

| er eet. 19. ff. 3. | ,

_ (8.) fructu subrotundo subdepresso. (Sappadilla or Nase-

berry tree.)

Acuras Sapota, 8. Jacg. Am. I. ¢. t. 41, @.

Acuras Zapotilla. Browne, Jam. p. 200. .

Ayona foliis laminis, &c. Sloane, Jam. 0. 2. p. 171. t. 230.

Anona maxima, &c. Sloane Jam. v. 2. p. 172. t. 169. 7. &.

‘ig

_. Descr. This, according to SLoANE, is one of the largest trees

_ in the mountainous woods of the island of Jamaica. Jacquin says

_ the height varies from ten to fifty feet: Mr. Guinp1ne states it

. from thirty to forty feet. From every part of it a tenacious,

_ Viseid, white juice is distilled. The wood is white, the bark brown.

Branches numerous, forming a spreading top. Leaves numerous,

_ almost all of them placed in clusters at the extremity of her —

ical-

oblong, acute, glabrous, the midrib prominent behind, the lateral

* From the Greek apes, a wild pear, from some resemblance in the fruit = a

that of a pear.

branches, three to four inches long, coriaceous, shining, ee 5 i

aaa

nerves numerous but indistinct : the petioles are more or less downy.

Peduncles from the axils of the terminal leaves, solitary, single-

flowered, about an inch long, frequently drooping, rather thick and

downy. Calyx divided nearly to the base into six, rather large,

erect, ovate, coriaceous segments, of which the three outer are

clothed with dense, ferruginous hairs, the three inner much paler

coloured. Corolla of one petal, tubular, rather longer than the

calyx, white, cut one-third of the way down into six oblong ob-

tuse segments: within (alternating with these segments, and nearly

ct Os to them in size and shape,) are six scales, abortive stamens,

often notched at the point. Perfect stamens six. Filaments short,

curved upwards. Anthers ovato-oblong, opening with a longitu-

dinal fissure at the sides of the cells. Pistil: Germen subglobose,

densely hairy. Style exserted. Stigma obtuse, obscurely lobed.

Berry as large as a moderately-sized apple, often tipped with the

persistent sty/e, of a dirty brown colour, mottled ont spotted with

a deeper hue, in « elliptical, in 8 more or less rounded or com-

pressed ; having at the base the reflexed segments of the calyx,

eight to ten- (seven to thirteen, Jaca.) celled, many of the cells

frequently abortive. In the inner angle of the cells is a solitary,

_ rather large, laterally compressed, glossy, blackish-brown seed,

_ having at the inner angle a long, pale, linear scar; the lower ex-

tremity is frequently recurved. Albumen white, fleshy, with the

flattened embryo in the centre : the radicle pointing downwards.

Mr. GuiipinG compares the appearance of the fruit of this tree

to that of an old and decayed potato: yet he observes that, it is the

most luscious of the West Indian fruits; but so abounding in an

acrid milk, that it cannot be eaten until it is completely ripe, oF

according to French authors, until it almost begins to be putrid.

It is there served at all tables and generally esteemed. a

The flowers are, according to Jacquin, inodorous, but Mr.

GuiLpine remarks, that they yield a smell resembling that of

brass or copper, and far from agreeable. The general form of

these blossoms when in perfection is campanulate ; but when fer-

tilization is effected, the top of the flower closes upon the style,

and it becomes ovato-acuminate in its circumscription. :

The timber yielded by this tree is considered of great service In

the making of shingles to corn-houses. The bark is astringent,

and commonly known by the name of Cortex jamaicensis, accord-

ing to Brown, being frequently administered to the negroes in

lieu of the Jesuit’s Bark, and found to answer all the purposes of

that medicine. The seeds are aperient and diuretic.

It is a native of the West Indies and abundantly cultivated

throughout all the hot parts of South America for the sake of its

fruit. In our stoves it was cultivated so long ago as 1731, but it

does not appear ever to have flowered with us. The figures here

given are taken from beautiful drawings made by Mr. GuiLDING

in St. Vincent. To the same Naturalist I am indebted for many

observations on the tree.

Tab. 3111. Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Coroll laid open. 4, Pis-

ti 5. Stamen ee orolla. 3. Corolla laid open. — |

‘AB. 3112. Fig. 1. Very young Fruit. 2. Fruit of var. a. 3. Ditto

wen of ditto. 4. Fruit of var. 6:—nat. size. 5. Seed. 6. Transverse -

_ Section of ditto. 7. Vertical Section of ditto. 8. Embryo :—magnifiet

Jl.

Swat? *

Vazenmocd Ls sexcNol/83l.

F &

, . CRPELES:

= Mag A

LUD;

HTH del*

(F088)

SALPIGLOSSIS INTEGRIFOLIA. ENTIRE-

LEAVED SALPIGLOSSIS.

KEKE EE EEKEEEEEEEEEEEK

Class and Order.

~ Dipynamia ANGIOSPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Sotanzz. Don. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-fidus seu 5-partitus, subinequalis. Cor. infundi- _

buliformis 5-loba. Filamentum quintum sterile (nunc an- —

theriferum). Stylus apice dilatatus. Stgma truncatum,

transversum. Papeite bi-locularis, dissepimento valvis

parallelo. Semina punctato-scabra. |

Specific Character.

Sarpictossis integrifolia; foliis ovato-lanceolatis in petio-

lum attenuatis, floribus solitariis axillaribus, calyce

profundo 5-partito, corolle lobis integris. : 2

‘Ginnnieiines

Descr. Stem herbaceous, six to ten inches high, some-

what procumbent at the base, then erect, slightly branched,

rounded, every where clothed with glandular hairs. Leaves

alternate, rarely opposite, those from near the root almost

_ exactly ovate, the rest approaching to lanceolate or oblong,

all, but especially the younger ones, more or less clothed

with glandular and rather fetid hairs, rather obtuse at the

point, quite entire at the margins, tapering gradually below

into a footstalk, which has often, at its base, a purplish 2

tinge. Peduncles principally confined to the uppermost

= leaves, solitary, about an inch long, glandular, single-flow- _

ered. Calyx three-fourths of the length of the tube of the ss

corolla, deeply five-partite, the segments linear, increasing

in size, after the corolla has fallen away, and inclined up-—

wards. Corolla more than an inch long, bro undi-—

buliform : the tube dark bluish-purple, hairy, and glandular,

the limb nearly equal, oblique, five-lobed, the lobes rounded

entire, obtuse, of a rich crimson purple. Stamens five, in-

cluded, four didynamous, the central one antheriferous.

Filaments quite glabrous, purplish. Anthers blue, two-

lobed, the lobes at first approximate, opening at the outer

margins, at length spreading. Germen, small, ovate, green,

imbedded in a fleshy yellow gland or ring, with two teeth.

Style slender, filiform, green, dilated upwards, and bearing

an orbicular green, peltate, flat stigma, marked with a

transverse line. Capsule ovate, small, two-celled, two-

valved, the valves sometimes bifid at their points. Seeds

numerous, attached to a receptacle on each side the disse-

piment, oval, approaching to reniform, studded with numer-

ous, raised points, arranged in lines.

‘This new and most distinct species of SaLprexossis was

raised from seeds sent in the autumn of 1830, by Mr.

_ ‘Tweenie of Buenos Ayres, to the Glasgow Botanic Garden,

where the young 2 grace placed in a warm exposure in the

open air produced their richly coloured blossoms in July

of the following year (1831). It promises to be a most

valuable addition to our semi-hardy plants: but whether

an annual or otherwise, I am not at present able to say.

I have specimens of the same plant sent to me by Mr.

James Barrp of Buenos Ayres, who gathered them upon

the Uraguay*, near the Rio Negro.

Mr. Don has justly referred the present Genus to Sons-

NAcEz. It has the same heavy and fetid smell, though not

in a very powerful degree, as many others of that family.

* From the same source, and from the same country, I possess another

species of Saupre.ossis, which may be thus named and distinguished :

Ss. linearis ; foliis (parvis) linearibus integerrimis glandulosis, paniculis pau-

cifloris terminalibus foliosis, calyce 5-fido, corolla lobis integris. Has.

Banks of the Uraguay, Mr. James Baird.

—

| eo: rye a — Sle 2. Flower. 3. Stamen. 4. Anther burst.

» Pistil. 6, on of the Germen. 7. Summit of the Style and Stigma. —

8. Capsule. 9. Seed :—more or less magnified. - 2

Pubby &§ Curke Glavenwood Essex, Nov" 1 1831

'H deft

( 3114 )

CENTROCLINIUM REFLEXUM. REFLEXED-

SCALED CENTROCLINIUM.

skskobsekaokoeseaokekekaskekokakakakeak

Class and Order.

SYNGENESIA SUPERFLUA.

( Nat. Ord.—Composira. Div. Lasiatirtor2. )

Generic Character.

Involucrum subglobosum vel cylindraceum arcte imbri-

catum. Flosculi disci tubulosi, 5-dentati, hinc profundius

fissi; radii 7—12 bilabiati, labio interiore minutissimo

bipartito erecto (dein revoluto ?) exteriore longissimo tri-

fido. Anthere biaristate. Stigma integrum. Pappus in-

zqualis, scaber. Receptaculum spinulis mollibus hispidum.

—Herbex? v. Frutices Peruviane. Folia petiolata subtus

albo-tomentosa. Pedunculi solitarii axillares vel terminales

uniflori. Flores fragrantes speciosi: Radius purpureo-

roseus.

Specific Character.

Centrociinium * reflexum; herbaceum ? foliis ovato-lan-

ceolatis grosse dentatis, pedunculis bracteato-setaceis,

involucri squamis apice reflexis. ’

Descr. This appears to be an annual plant from a foot

and a half to two feet in height, branched, the branches

woolly. Leaves spreading, two to three inchs long, ovato-

lanceolate, acute, coarsely toothed, gradually tapermg into

- a petiole, woolly and white beneath, above cobwebby, but

at length nearly glabrous. Peduncles solitary, terminal,

or from the axils of the upper leaves, four to five inches

long, woolly, and bearing many subulato-setaceous a |

——

— a

——

_ * From xerrpor, a sharp point, ond xr, the receptacle, from the hard, g

__ Tigid spinules observed by the anther. agg

teas, single-flowered. Flowers large, handsome, fragrant.

Involucre broadly ovate or oval, imbricated with numerous

subulate scales, their apices all remarkably reflexed. Filo-

rets of the disk deep yellow, very prominent. Corollas

tubular, cleft more deeply on the interior side, with the

five linear oblong teeth somewhat unilateral. Anthers

deep yellow, exserted, biaristate. Germen cylindrical.

Style yellow, somewhat clavate, entire. Pappus of many

unequal hairs, the outer being shorter and slenderer, the

inner longer, frequently darker-coloured ; all of them sca-

brous. Florets of the ray nine to twelve, rose-purple, two-

lipped, the inner lip very minute, of two subulate segments,

erect, probably in a more advanced state reflexed ; outer

one very long, linear, three-toothed, externally downy.

Anthers small, abortive. Germen, style, stigma, and pappus

as in the florets of the disk. Receptacle plane, set with

small, soft, erect spinules.

Among the many interesting plants raised last year

(1830) from the Peruvian seeds liberally communicated to

the Glasgow Botanic Garden by our valued friend, Mr.

CrucksHANKs, are two species of the family of CompositT2,

and of the division LasratirLor#, agreeing in so many

points with Mr. Don’s Genus Centrocriinium (Linn. Trans.

v. 16, p. 254,) that I cannot suppose they are other than

the same: yet in the nature of the spinules of the receptacle

there is a remarkable difference ; for whereas Mr. Don de-

scribes them as harsh and rigid aculei (whence he has

derived the Generic Name) ; in our plant they are soft and

inconspicuous.

Mr. Don suggests that the Onoceris salicifolia of Hum-

sotpt and Kunrs may be a species of this Genus, an opinion

in which I quite agree with him, though the little aculei of

the receptacle have been overlooked in the description. In-

deed, except in the narrow and more entire leaves, it seems

to agree with the present species, possessing, in fact, the

egence and involucre of the present individual, and the

_ foliage of the subject of our next plate.

- Our plants of C. reflexum were cultivated in the stove,

_ and produced their handsome, fragrant flowers, smelling like

Hawthorn, late in the Autumn, when they died, without pro

: ducing seed. Mr. Murray considers it to be truly annual.

————

1 Fig. 1. Section of an Involucre and Receptacle. 2. Floret of the Disk. 3-

nner side of the extremity of a Floret from the Disk, showing the a

cleft. 4. Inner view of the Anthers. 5. Floret of the Ray. 6. Portions

the Pappus:—Magnified. se

ll 8,

gran se

en, Nov? 1,182

renwood Ess

Pub. oy S. Curtis, Gla

( 3115 )

CENTROCLINIUM APPRESSUM. CLOSE-PRESSED-

SCALED CENTROCLINIUM.

Jaa kaeasek

Class and Order.

SYNGENESIA SUPERFLUA.

( Nat. Ord.—Composirz. Div. Lapiatirior2. )

Generic Character.

Involucrum subglobosum vel cylindraceum arcte imbri-

catum. Flosculi disci tubulosi, 5-dentati, hime profundius

fissi ; radii 7—12 bilabiati, labio interiore minutissimo

bipartito erecto, (dein revoluto ?) exteriore longissimo tri-

fido. Anthere biaristate. Stigma integrum. Pappus in-

equalis, seaber. Receptaculum spinulis mollibus hispidum.

Herbe ? v. Frutices, Peruviane. Folia petiolata subtus

albo-tomentosa. Pedunculi solitarii axillares vel terminales

uniflori. Flores fragrantes speciost: Radius purpureo-

roseus. PL ay

Specific Character.

Centrocuinium appressum; fruticosum, foliis lanceolatis

subintegerrimis, pedunculis nudis, involucri squamis

erectis appréssis.. "A Ss mS

Descr. Stem shrubby, one to two feet high in our

stove, with white, woolly branches, and numerous patent

or reflexed leaves, three inches or more long, lanceolate,

waved, and nearly entire, partially glabrous and green

above, pure white and cottony beneath. Peduncle solitary,

terminal, or, from the prolongation of a shoot beneath it,

axillary, woolly, naked, single-flowered. Flower large,

fragrant. Florets of the disk and of the ray, similar to

those described under C. reflexum. Involucre cylindrical,

_ imbricated with many close-pressed, subulate scales. Re-

ceptacle with soft, small aculei. i

This

This species, for which we are indebted to Mr. Cruck-

sHANKS, Who brought the seeds from Peru, is undoubtedly,

a perennial and frutescent plant. It blossomed for the first

time, imperfectly, in December 1830, and again, with larger

flowers, in June, 1831. :

It appears to differ from Mr. Don’s Centrocuinium albi-

cans in its entire leaves, and from Onosrris angustifolia

(Humes. and Kunru,) principally in its larger and broader

foliage. It is certainly a very desirable stove plant, no

less on account of its beauty than its fragrance.

_Fig. 1. Floret from the Disk. 2. Floret from the Ray. 3. Portion of

ditto, to show the inner Lip :—magnified.

KH Arnold Harrison bl? ; Pub by 8 Carts Claxenwood Essex Dect, 183,

( 3116 )

PERISTERIA ELATA. Lorry Dove-FLower.

Class and Order.

GyYNANDRIA Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—OrcuipEz. )

Generic Character.

Flores subglobosi. Petala subcarnosa, 3 ext. equalia,

valde concava, 2 int. lato-obovata. Labellum obovatum,

carnosum, truncatum, cum basi columne articulatum, disco

cristato crasso. Columna basi petalorum adnata, apice

solummodo libero, inferne longe producta, insigniter dila-

tata alata, alis erectis obtusis carnosis crassis intus uniden- -

tatis. Anthera bilocularis. Masse pollinis 2 clavate, com-

presse, hinc lateraliter fisse.

Specific Name.

PeristeriA * elata.

Descr. A parasite. Bulb, when it has attained its full

size, as large as a swan’s egg, broadly ovate, green, ob-

scurely striated and somewhat wrinkled, having at its base

the remains of old, membranous, sheathing scales, at the

summit bearing from three to five leaves, which are from

two feet to forty inches in length, and six inches in breadth

at their greatest diameter, lanceolate, or almost sword-

shaped, acute, with several strong ribs, prominent at the

back, and having many plice and stria ; the outer ones

sessile and sheathing, the inner tapering at the base into a

sort of petiole. From the base of the bulb arises the

flower-stem or scape, four feet high, terete, glabrous, earns

Z ; elow

* From sspicrspe, a dove, from the resemblance in the shape of the column :

to that bird.

VOL, Ve N -

below three or four large, sheathing, membranous scales,

and at the extremity a spike or raceme a foot in length, of

large, yellowish-white, almost globose, fleshy flowers, yield-

ing a peculiar = somewhat resembling that of the

Nupnar lutea. Bracteas much shorter than the germen,

ovato-acuminate, often carinate, rigid, green tinged with

purple. The three outer petals of the flowers are broadly

ovate, almost rotundate, very concave, the two inner ones

rather more delicate, broadly obovate, all of them subcon-

nivent. JLzp erect, broadly obovate, truncate, erect, thick

and fleshy, having a large excrescence or protuberance,

somewhat wrinkled, on the disk, often sprinkled with deep

purple dots, which reach to the base, where the lip is joint-

ed upon the prolonged base of the column. Colwmn adnate

with and decurrent upon the bases of the petals, its upper

part alone free and standing forward nearly horizontally,

the rest is extended downwards, remarkably dilated and

thickened, bearing on each side two large, fleshy wings,

which are erect, and reach nearly to the top of the column,

rounded at the apex, below the middle bearing a conspicu-

ous tooth: the whole is of the same waxy white with the

petals, but the upper or inner side of the wings is beauti-

fully sprinkled with deep purple dots. Anther hemispher-

ical, white, two-celled. Pollen-masses 2, clavate, flattened,

with a fissure at the outer margin, deep yellow, waxy, firm,

fixed upon an oblong-acuminate membrane, with its mar-

gins recurved ; this projects beyond the anther-case, so as

to resemble the beak of a bird. Germen cylindrico-clavate,

furrowed and slightly twisted.

In the year 1826, Henry Barnarp, Esq. of Truxillo in

Peru, communicated to Ricuarp Harrison, Esq. of Liver-

pool, a bulb of a remarkable, parasitical, orchideous plant,

which he had found in the neighbourhood of Panama, and

ihe flower of which is there looked upon with no little con-

sideration, and known to the inhabitants by the name of

“el Spirito Santo.” The reason for this appellation was

quite obvious on the blossoming of the plant, which did

not occur in Mr. Harrison’s stove, until the summer of the

present year, 1831, when the centre of the flower exhibited

a column which, with its summit or anther, and the project-

Ing gland of the pollen-masses, together with the almost

erect wings, bore a striking resemblance to a Dove, the

emblem of the third person in the Trinity. El Spirito

Santo was therefore applied by the same people, and 1n

the same religious feeling as, dictated the naming of the

‘* Passion-Flower.”’ SS

So soon as the curious flowers were fully expanded, Mr.

Harrison, with his usual kindness, forwarded me a speci-

men ; together with an excellent drawing from the pencil of

Mrs. Arnotp Harrison. This is, in part only, copied, to

suit the plate of the Magazine ; and therefore but imper-

fectly represents the stately appearance of the original.

For this species is no less remarkable among Orchideous

plants for its stature, than for its large and copiously flow-

ering spike.

Being unable to find any Genus of the Orcuipex which

corresponds with it, 1 have ventured to give it a Generic

name significant of the dove-like appearance of the column

of fructification.

It is to be hoped, now that Mr. Harrison has so success-

fully cultivated this rarity from the tropical parts of America

bordering on the Pacific, that Mr. Barnarp will further the

cause of Science by collecting and introducing to our stoves

other plants of the same family, and which bear a long

voyage better than many less interesting tribes.

Fig. 1. View of the Column and Lip, the latter bent down. 2. Side view

of the upper part of the Column and Anther. 3. Anther-case. 4. Upper,

and 5, underside of the Pollen-masses: magnified.

fub.by & Curtis, Glazenwoed Eeeex Dect 1, 1851.

(BZ .)

OROBUS CANESCENS. CANESCENT BITTER-

VETCH.

Class and Order.

DiapetpH1A Decanpria.

( Nat. Ord.— Lecumrinosaz. )

Generic Character.

Cal. campanulatus, 5-fidus, lobis 2 superioribus breviori-

bus. Cor. papilionacea. Stam. diadelpha. Stylus graci-

lis linearis apice villosus. Legumen cylindraceum oblon-

gum 1-loc. bivalve polyspermum. Semina hilo lineari.—

Herbe erecte. Stipule semisagittate. Petioli in setam

brevem simplicem desinentes. Folia abrupte pinnata pauci-

juga. Racemi axillares pedunculati. De Cand.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Orogus canescens; caule tetragono, foliis subtrijugis, foli-

olis linearibus obtusiusculis pubescentibus vel punc-

tato-rugosis, nervis parallelis, stipulis semisagittatis

linearibus acutis petiolum alatum subzequantibus, pe-

dunculis 3—5-floris folio duplo longioribus, dentibus —

calycinis latis tubo brevioribus, leguminibus rectis

compressis glabris longitudinaliter reticulato-venosis. _

Orosus canescens. Linn. Fil. Suppl. p. 327. Willd. Sp.

Pl. v. 3. p. 1075. - Benth. Cat. Pl. Pyr. p. 110. De

Cand. Prodr. v. 3. p. 379.

Orogus ensifolius. Lapeyr. Mem. du Mus. v. 2. p. 303.

t. 12. (excl. var. B.)

Orosgus atro-purpureus. Lapeyr. Abr. (non Desf.) os

Orogus filiformis. Lam. Fl. Fr. ed. 2. p. 568. Spreng.

Syst. Veg. v. 3. p. 258. ~ | ee

Descr. Root perennial, throwing up several four-sided _

and striated, simple, glabrous stems, about a foot high.

Leaves remote, almost sessile, pinnated with two or three

pairs of opposite, linear, sword-shaped, closely-striated,

scarcely pubescent leaflets: the rachis or common petiole

short, tipped with a mucro. Stipules narrowly semisagit-

tate. Peduncles often more than twice the length of the

leaves, bearing a rather close raceme of four to eight large

and very beautiful flowers. Calyx glabrous, two upper

teeth shorter than the rest. Vextllum ample, and, as well as

the ale, rich purple, becoming more blue when fully ex-

panded. Carina almost white, purple only at the edges.

Style remarkably dilated upwards, more so than in most of

the Lathyri.

Our Glasgow Botanic Garden is indebted to Mr. FiscHEr

of Gottingen for the possession of this most desirable spe-

cies of Orozgus, which produces its large and highly colour-

ed blossoms in May and June. It is said to be a native of

the South of Europe ; but chiefly, as it would appear, of

the Pyrenées. Mr. Brenrnam gives it as inhabiting the

central parts of that great chain. Spreneen adopts the

name of O. filiformis of Lamarck for it; and it must be

confessed that the appellation given by Liynaus is far from

appropriate.

The habit of this plant and the absence of tendrils pro-

claims it to be an Orogus; but the style, remarkably dilated

upwards, is altogether that of a Larnyrus.

Fig. 1. Calyx and Carina; nat. size, 2. Front view of the Style. 3.

Back view of the same :—magnified.

Find by Fs Cur

VES

Claxenwood Issex Dec? L183.

gwaehf

( 3118 3119 )

CEPHALOTUS FOLLICULARIS. FOLLICLED

CEPHALOTUS.

Se oi SIC SiS SC SS SS SS

Class and Order.

DopecanprRiA HExXAGynIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Rosacez. )

Generic Character.

Calyx coloratus 6-fidus, xstivatione valvata. Pet. o.

Stam. 12, perigyna: Antherarum dorso glanduloso. Ova-

ria 6, distincta, monosperma, ovulo erecto. Styli termi-

nales. Br.

Specific Name and Synonyms.

Cepuacotus * follicularis. Labill. Fl. Nov. Holl. v. 2. p. 7.

t. 145. Br. Rem. on Bot. of Terra Austr. p, 68. t. 4.

De Cand. Prodr. v. 2. p. 591.

- Descr. Root perennial, somewhat fusiform, the upper

part dividing, as it were, into two or three short stems,

which bear a cluster of elliptical, lanceolate, petiolated,

entire, thickish, nerveless, purplish leaves ; and amongst

these, but principally occupying the circumference, are

several beautiful and highly curious pitcher-shaped appen-

dages or operculated ascidia, attached by rather stout

petioles where the lid unites with the margin of the ascidium.

Their form is ovate or somewhat slipper-shaped, between

foliaceous and membranaceous, green tinged with purple,

furnished with two lateral oblique wings and one central

one, the latter remarkably dilated at the margin, and all

| beautifully

* Derived from xs@aan, a head, and ov, an ear; on account of the glan-

dular head of the anthers.

beautifully fringed with hairs. The inside, which contains

a watery fluid and entraps many insects, especially ants,

is clouded with dark purple. The mouth is contracted,

horse-shoe-shaped, annulated and crested with several deep,

sharp, vertical annuli, of a dark purple colour, smallest

near the base of the lid, three of them, which are opposite

the wings, larger than the adjoining ones ; all of them form-

ing a sickle-shaped point within the mouth. Lid plano-

convex, green without and a little hairy, within clouded

with purple, marked with broad veins which are somewhat

dichotomous, the margin scalloped ;—at first it closes the

mouth of the ascidium, and afterwards becomes nearly

erect. Scape one to nearly two feet high, erect, terete,

downy, bearing a compound, spicate raceme at the extre-

mity, and one or two subulate bractee in its lower half.

Branches very short, downy. Calyx small, hairy, greenish-

white, deeply five-cleft, the segments ovate, erecto-patent,

obtuse, the points thickened : the base or tube within has a

thickened green disk, covered with small papille, at the

margin of which the twelve stamens, alternately shorter,

are inserted : all shorter than the calyx segments; those

opposite the calyx-segments the longest. Filaments subu-

late, purplish rose-coloured, glabrous. Anthers two-celled,

didymous, subglobose, in part concealed by a large fungose,

steel excrescence (the connectivum); those of the longer

laments rather the largest. Pollen globose. Pistils six,

small, arranged in a circle around a small tuft of hairs,

purplish. Germen ovate, glabrous, tapering into a some-

what recurved style: Stigma obtuse. “ Ovule erect, almost

as large as the cell, and containing within the membrana-

ceous testa a little, pendulous sack, of the same size as the

cavity of the testa,’ (Br.)

For our first knowledge of this rare and highly curious

plant, having the ascidia or appendages of the famous

Neprentuss, but belonging to the Natural Order Rosacez,

we are indebted to M. Lagrizarpiere, who discovered it in

“ Leuwin’s Land,” and figured and described it in his

ff Specimen of the Plants of New Holland.” Mr. Browne,

durmg his voyage with Capt. Furxpers detected it on

nearly the same line of coast, namely, “ in the neighbour-

hood of King George’s Sound, especially near the shores of

Princess Royal Harbour, in 35° S. lat. and 118° E. long.;

beginning to flower about the end of December.” From

Specimens there gathered, the species has been illustrated

WS Hi dedt Ticb by § Curtis, Clanzenwood Essea Decttiiy..

by that profound Botanist, so as, aided by the pencil of

Mr. Bauer, to leave nothing to be wished relative to its

structure, save what might be obtained from a knowledge

of the seed, which is still a desideratum.

Capt. Kine brought over living plants of Cepnatorus to

the Royal Gardens of Kew in 1823, which flowered in

August, 1827. From those individuals and the drawing

liberally communicated by Mr. Arron, and some noble

dried specimens from King George’s Sound, for which I

am indebted to Mr. Fraser, the accompanying figures and

description have been made. |

Recently, I believe, growing plants have been brought

home by Mr. Baxrer, which are flourishing at the Clapton

Nursery.

Tas. 3118. Plant: nat. size. Fig. 1. Upper part of a Scape, the Flowers

yet unexpanded (from Mr. Baver’s figure.)

Tas. 3119. Fig. 1. Front view of an Ascidium. 2. Side view of ditto.

3. Vertical section of the same, slightly magnified. 4. Outside view of a

Flower. 5. Vertical view of ditto. 6. Vertical section of ditto. 7. A

shorter Stamen, seen from behind. 8. Longer Stamen, seen in front. 9.

Pistil, laid open to show the Ovule. 10. The Ovule (from Mr. Bauer's

figure) : more or less magnified.

i & by § f m0 LIE. {JEL 4 Ff

A del fit yy} CGurtts bla RLAWEO vd £. wer. Ls L ls

( 3120 )

BANKSIA MEDIA. INTERMEDIATE BANKSIA.

Class and Order.

TrerranpriA Monoeynta.

( Nat. Ord.—Proreaces. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium 4-partitum (raro 4-fidum.) Stamina apici-

bus concavis laciniarum immersa. Sguamule hypogyne 4.

Ovarium uniloculare biovulatum. Folliculus lignosus :

Dissepimento (e testis ovulorum amborum formato) libero

bifido. Amentum flosculorum paribus tribracteatis. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Banxsta media ; foliis cuneato-linearibus truncatis dentato-

serratis basi attenuatis: subter reticulatis venis venu-

lisque glabratis laciniis tomentosis, perianthii unguibus

sericeis; laminis glabris, folliculis glabriusculis immer-

sis, floribus marcescentibus. Br.

Banxsia media. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. Suppl. p. 35.

Descr. This appears to constitute a large shrub, or

small tree, with rather thick, rounded branches, clothed with

a thin pale tomentum. Leaves scattered, four to six inches

long, linear-cuneate, coriaceous, rigid, often truncated at

the extremity, the margins coarsely dentato-serrated, almost

spinulose, the base attenuated into a very slender, pale

yellow-green petiole: the upper side is glabrous, dark

veins and veinlets glabrous, the areole or lacunes filled —

dull yellow, densely collected into a broadly-oblong, ter- —

minal head. Scales very hairy, deep orange. Perianth

slender, silky, tubular at the base; the lacinia filiform,

spathulate at the extremity, and there hollowed for the

reception of the anther. Style as long as the perianth, a

Sor...

For a fine specimen of this, likewise accompanied by a

drawing, I am indebted to W. T. Arron, Esq. It was re-

ceived at Kew from Francis Hencuman, Esq. in 1824: the

seeds having a short time previously been gathered, on the

South-Western Shores of New Holland, between Cape

Arid and Lucky Bay, by Mr. Baxter.

It is nearly allied to B. marcescens, (already figured at

Tab. 2803 of the present work) between which and B.

attenuata it is placed by Mr. Brown. At Kew Gardens its

flowering season is August.

Fig. 1. Flowers with their accompanying Bracteas. 2. Part of a seg-

ment of the Perianth with its Stamen: magnified.

HAM debt Seas

Curlis Glazenwood Fesex, Dect LIBR

( 3121 )

BaptTisiA PERFOLIATA. PERFOLIATE

Baprisia.

KEK KEKE EEE EEE KEE REE EE

Class and Order.

DecanpriA Mownoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Lereuminosz. )

Generic Character.

Cai. semi-5-fidus, bilabiatus. Cor. papilionacea, petalis

longitudine subequalibus: vexillum lateribus reflexis. Sta- —

mina decidua. Legumen ventricosum, pedicellatum, poly-

spermum. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Baptista * perfoliata ; foliis perfoliatis integerrimis subro-

tundis. Br. ;

Baprisia perfoliata. Br. in Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v, 3. p. 5.

De Cand. Prodr. v. 2. p. 100. Spreng. Syst. Veg. v.

2. p. 347. Elliott, Cav. v. 1. p. 467. Lodd. Bot. Cab.

t. 1104.

Ranta perfoliata. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 3. p. 949.

Popatyrria perfoliata. Mich. Fl. Am, v. 1. p. 263. Pursh,

: Am, v. 1. p. 307.

Sopuora perfoliata. Walt. Pl. Car. p. 135.

Crorataria perfoliata. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1003.

Crorararia perfoliata folio. Dill. Elth. p. 122. t. 102.

f. 122.

Descr. Root perennial. Stems herbaceous, erect or

declined, slightly branched, mostly near the base, ee a

3 oot

* From farrw, to dye, on account of the peculiar properties of some a

species,

foot high: the branches terete, glaucous, glabrous, as is

every part of the plant. Leaves broadly oval, or almost

orbicular, simple, entire, pierced by the stem at some dis-

tance from the margin, hence perfoliate and secund, large

in proportion to the size of the plant, often emarginate at

the inferior edge, glaucous-green, veiny, the veins or nerves

somewhat radiant. Flowers solitary, axillary, erect. Pe-

duncle short, slender, erect. Calyx in four somewhat

equally-sized, rather spreading teeth, the upper tooth again

bidentate. Corolla pale yellow. Petals nearly equal in

length : the Vexilluwm shortest, roundish, carinated, emar-

ginate, the sides somewhat reflexed and concave. Ale

oblong-oval, closed upon the carina, which is obovate.

Stamens ten, equal: Filaments free, standing close together.

Anthers oval, deep orange. Pistil about as long as the

stamens. Germen linear-oblong, pedicellate, about as long

as the subulate style, which is curved upwards. “ Legume

inflated, large. Seeds reniform, very small.’”’ (Elliott. )

Roots of this singular plant were obligingly sent to our

Glasgow Garden by the late Srernen Exuiorr, Esq. and by

Dr. Wray, of Augusta, from Georgia, where it grows in

dry sandy hills. Coming from so Southern a latitude, it

might well be supposed to be a tender plant ; and, indeed,

as such it is considered by Mr. Loppices, requiring the

protection of a greenhouse. With us, in the peat border

of the American ground, it has survived two winters, and

flowers in great perfection during the months of July and

August. The blossoms are neither large nor showy, but

the foliage, of so unusual a character for a leguminose

plant, and of a tender glaucous-green colour, renders it

eminently deserving a place in every garden.

——

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Vexillum. 3. Inner view of a Wing. 4. Calyx and

Carina. 5, Calyx and Stamens. 6. Pistil :—magnified. On?

5122.

B32

WLI del Pub by 8. Curtss, Glaxenwootl EesexDecLl

¢ 81m9

MowNINA OBTUSIFOLIA. BLUNT-LEAVED

Mownlina.

KK EEK EERE KEKE EKKKEK EK

Class and Order.

Diavetpu1a Ocranpris.

( Nat. Ord.—Potyeaez. )

Generic Character.

Flores resupinati. Cal. 5-sepalus deciduus, sepalis 2 in-

ternis aleformibus, 3 exterioribus ovatis, 2 quorum sepe

coalitis. Petala basi connata, medio concavo sepe 3-

dentato. Stam. 8, filamentis subdiadelphis_pilosiusculis.

Drupa 2-loc. 2-sperma aut abortu 1-loc. 1-sperma, inter-

dum margine membranaceo cincta. Semen fere ex apice

loculi pendulum. Albumen nullum. De Cand.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Monnina * obtusifolia ; fruticosa, ramulis foliisque glabris

(vel puberulis) oblongis obtusis basi cuneatis obsolete

venosis, spicis solitariis. Kunth.

Monnina obtusifolia. Humb. et Kunth, Nov. Gen. v. 5. p.

All. De Cand. Prodr. v. 1. p. 339.

Monnina nemorosa. Hook. in Bot. Misc. v. 2. p. 208. (vix

Humb. et Kunth.)

Heseanpra phyllireioides. “ Bonpl. in Mag de Gesellsch,

1808, p. 42.”

Descr. This forms a small, upright, somewhat frutes-

cent, slender and dichotomously branched shrub; branches

glabrous or very obscurely pubescent, slightly tinged with

purple. Leaves obovate, obtuse, attenuated into a short

petiole,

Count de Flora Blanca, a Spaniard, who was a patron of Botany.

petiole, quite entire, scarcely more than one inch long, often

glabrous, but sometimes minutely and indistinctly pubes-

cent. At the base of the petiole, on each side, is a promi-

nent, fleshy, roundish gland, depressed in the centre. Ra-

cemes terminal, solitary, slender, more or less peduncled.

Bracteas very deciduous. Pedicels short, curved down-

wards, so that the flower is drooping. Three outer seg-

ments of the calyx small, greenish-purple, oblong, two

inner ones very large, petaloid, roundish, attenuated at the

base, deep bluish-purple, spreading. Corolla of three, or

rather, perhaps, of five, reddish-purple petals, united into

one hollow keel, within which are the stamens, combined

below into one body, the free part of the filaments slender,

incurved, hairy at their base. Anthers oblong, opening

by a pore at the extremity. Pistil: Germen oblong ;

style curved almost like the letter S, incrassated above,

with a tooth on each side. Stigma obtuse, yellow.

This pretty plant, with its small but bright-coloured

flowers, blossomed in the stove of the Glasgow Botanic

Garden, in June, 1831; having been raised from seeds

brought from Lurin, near Lima, by our valued friend Mr.

Crucksuanxs, during the preceding year.

_ Thad in the Botanical Miscellany referred the dried spe-

cimens from the same country, though not without hesita-

tion, to the M. nemorosa of Humsoxpr and Kuna: but

the living plant, seeming to accord better with the M. obtu-

sifolia of the same authors, I have, therefore, here adopted

that name.

_Fig. 1. View of the upperside of a Flower. 2. Underside of ditto. 3.

Side view of a Flower. 4. Corolla, laid open. 5. Stamen. 6, Pistil. 7-

Gland, from the base of the Petiole :—all more or less magnified.

IND Eox,

In which the Latin Names of the Plants contained in the Fifth

Volume of the New Series (or Fifty-Highth of the Work)

are alphabetically arranged.

Pi. Pi.

SIL Achras Sapota. 3061 Hunnemannia fumariefolia.

3112 Ibid> 3065 Indigofera atropurpurea.

3046 Adamia cyanea.

3050 Alstreemeria acutifolia.

3105 Neillii.

3040 pallida.

3095 Annona squamosa.

3084 Anthericum ? plumosum,

3091 Aphanochilus blandus.

3093 Arbutus mucronata.

3073 Argemone grandiflora.

3092 Arracacia esculenta,

3101 Asplenium Nidus.

3060 Banksia littoralis ?

3120 media,

3052 speciosa.

3121 Baptisia perfoliata.

3098 Brassavola elegans.

3076 Broughtonia sanguinea.

3069 Browallia grandiflora.

3094 Calceolaria angustiflora.

3115 Centroclinium appressum.

3114 _ reflexum.

3118 Cephalotus follicularis.

3119 Ibid.

3072 Chrysophyllum Cainito.

3049 Clerodendron nutans.

3051 Codizeum pictum.

3081 Columnea hirsuta.

3047 Commelina gracilis.

3102 Coryanthes maculata.

3058 Delima sarmentosa.

3074 Dendrobium speciosum.

3063 Dryandra nervosa.

3082 Drosera binata.

3107 Echinocactus Ottonis.

3068 Eranthemum strictum.

3087 Farsetia lunarioides.

3083> Fritillaria leucantha.

3041 Gesneria bulbosa.

3039 Hedychium flavum.

3099 Houstonia longifolia.

3053 Hovea pannosa.

3071 Janipha Manihot.

3110 Lantana nivea, var. mutabilis.

3057 Loasa hispida.

3048 incana.

3075 Lobelia hypocrateriformis.

3103 Lonicera hirsuta.

3056 Lupinus Cruckshanksii.

3090 Melocactus communis. _

3067 Mimulus perfoliatus.

3122 Monnina obtusifolia.

3059 Monodora Myristica.

3108 Nierembergia gracilis.

3055 Nothoclena tenera.

3089 Olea undulata.

3109 Oncidium bicornutum.

3077 Ornithogalum fimbriatum.

3117 Orobus canescens.

3100 Palavia rhombifolia.

3116 Peristeria elata,

3066 Pladera decussata.

3064 Portulaca Gilliesii.

3085 Pterostylis nutans.

3086 curta.

3080 Rhipsalis Cassytha.

3079 - fasciculata. .

3078 - mesembryanthemoi-

des.

3106 Rhododrendron aes: ge

3113 Salpiglossis ymin fae

3044 Schizanthus G poten

3070 Hookeri. Tb se

3045 retusus. _

3042 Sphenogyne erithmifolia.

3104 Torenia scabra.

3096 Tournefortia Netleieoplahdes

3097 Trillium discolor. |

3054 Tupistra nutans.

3043 Urena lobata. — ~

3062 Vernonia acutifolia.

3088 Xanthochymus dulcis.

INDE X,

In which the English Names of the Plants contained in the

Fifth Volume of the New Series (or Fifty-Eighth of the

Work) are alphabetically arranged.

ao Semen tenes OO c.s rere ey

3046 Adamia, blue-berried.

3105 Alstreemeria, Mr. Neill’s.

3040

pale-flowered.

3050

leaved.,

sharp-pointed-

3084 Anthericum, bearded-flowered.

3091 Aphanochilus, mild.

3093 Arbutus, sharp-pointed.

3092 Arracacha, eatable.

3052 Banksia, handsome.

3120 intermediate.

3060 ———— Shore.

3121 Baptisia, perfoliate.

3117 Bitter-Vetch, Canescent.

3098 Brassavola, elegant.

3076 Broughtonia, crimson-flowered.

3069 Browallia, large-flowered.

3059 Calabash-Nutmeg, Jamaica.

3115 Centroclinium, close-pressed-

scaled.

3114 Centroclinium, reflexed-scaled.

3118 Cephalotus, follicled.

3119 Ibid.

3051 Codixum, painted-leaved.

3081 Columnea, hairy.

ara enero slender.

at oryanthes, spotted-lipped.

3049 Clerodendron, drooping ower

_ 3095 Custard-apple, undulated, Su-

gar-apple, or Sweet-sop.

3058 Delia, clibing. 5

3074 Dendrobium, great.

3116 Dove-flower, lofty.

3063 Dryandra, nerved-leayed.

3107 Echinocactus, Mr. Otto’s.

_ 3068 Eranthemum, upright.

_ 3087 Farsetia, Lunaria-like.

3083 Fritillary, white-flowered.

3041 Gesneria, bulbous-rooted.

3039, oe large yellow-flow-

_ 3099 Houstonia, long-leaved.

_ $053 Hovea, rusty.

3061 Hunnemannia, Fumitory-leaved

—— 8065 Indigofera, blood-flowered.

_ S10 Lantana, white-flowered ;

| 3048 Loasa, hoary.

Pl.

3057 — hispid.

3075 Lobelia, salver-shaped.

3056 Lupine, Mr. Cruckshanks’ Pe-

ruvian.

3090 Melon-Thistle, greater Turk’s-

cap.

3073 Mexican-Poppy, large-flowered

3067 Monkey-flower, perfoliate.

3122 Monnina, blunt-leaved.

3108 Nierembergia, slender.

3055 Nothoclena, thin-leaved.

3089 Olive, wavy-leaved, fragrant

Cape.

3109 Oncidium, two-horned.

3100 Palavia, rhomb-leaved.

3071 Physic - Nut, eatable-rooted,

Bitter Cassada, Manioc, or

Tapioca.

3066 Pladera, decussate.

3085 Pterostylis, nodding-flowered.

3086 —————~ short-lipped.

3064 Purslane, Dr. Gillies’.

3079 Rhipsalis, cluster-branched.

3078 ———— Fig-marigold-like.

3080 ————— naked.

3106 Rhododendron, Lapland.

3113 Salpiglossis, entire-leaved.

3111 Sapota, common or Bully-tree.

3112 Ibid.

3070 Schizanthus, acute-petaled.

3045 blunt-petaled.

3044 Dr. Graham's.

3042 Sphenogyne, Sampire-leaved.

3101 Spleen-wort, Bird’s-nest.

3094 Slipper-wort, narrow-flowered.

3072 Star-Apple, broad-leaved.

3077 Star of Bethlehem, hairy-leaved.

3082 Sun-dew, forked-leaved. |

3104 Torenia, rough. :

3096 Tournefortia, Heliotrope-like.

3097 Trillium, green-fiowered.

3054 Tupistra, drooping.

3062 Vernonia, sharp-leaved.

3103 Woodbine, hairy American.

3088 Xanthochymus, sweet-fruited.