CURTIS’S

BOTANICAL MAGAZINE;

ihr oR

Flower Garden Displaped:

In which the most Ornamental Foreren PuAnts cultivated in the Open Ground,

the Green-House, and the Stove, are accurately represented and coloured.

To which are added,

THEIR NAMES, CLASS, ORDER, GENERIC AND SPECIFIC CHARACTERS,

ACCORDING TO THE SYSTEM OF LINNZUS;

Their Places of Growth, Times of Flowering, and most approved

Methods of Culture.

CONDUCTED

By SAMUEL CURTIS, F. L. S.

THE DESCRIPTIONS

By Srr WILLIAM JACKSON HOOKER, K. H.

LLY. F. R. A. and L. S.and Regius Professor of Botany in the

_University of Glasgow.

VOL. xh

OF THE NEW SERIES;

Or Vol. xxv. of the whole Work.

Securely here the flowers unfold

Their painted leaves,—-nor winter’s cold

Nor summer’s snn they fear;

From various soil and clime they come,

Monthly to renovate their bloom,

And flourish all the year.

LONDON :

Printed by Edward Couchman, 10, Throgmorton Street ;

FOR THE PROPRIETOR, SAMUEL CURTIS,

AT THE

BOTANICAL MAGAZINE WAREHOUSE, GLAZENWOOD, NEAR COGGESHALL, ESSEX:

Published also by Sherwood, Gilbert & Piper, 23, Paternoster Row ; Blackwood, Edinburgh; and in Holland,

by Mr. Gt. Eldering, Florist, at Haarlem:

And to be had of all Booksellers in Town and Country.

1839.

TO THE

HON. & REV. WILLIAM HERBERT,

OF SPOFFORTH,

DISTINGUISHED

NO LESS AS A CULTIVATOR, THAN BY HIS VAST KNOWLEDGE

THE AMARYLLIDACE

AND OTHER ALLIED MONOCOTYLEDONOUS ORDERS,

MANY OF WHICH HAVE BEEN REPRESENTED IN THIS WORK,

ILLUSTRATED

BOTH BY HIS PENCIL AND PEN,

THE PRESENT VOLUME IS DEDICATED,

WITH SENTIMENTS OF GREAT REGARD

AND ESTEEM,

BY HIS FAITHFUL

AND OBEDIENT SERVANT,

W. J. HOOKER.

GLasGow, February 1, 1839.

— 5626.

Swear

Wi Fitch, del co : Pub, by S Curtis. Glaxenwood Essex. Jand 18 38.

.. rolla infundibuliformis, marcescens, 5-mera. Stigmata bila-

mellata. Capsula valvulis introflexis semi-4—2-locularis,

( 3626 )

Listantuus Russetytianus. Duke or Bep-

FORD'S [LISIANTHUS.

cess bokeotoleskekubeteskekokotok

Class and Order.

Pentanpria Monoeynta.

( Nat. Ord.—Gent1AneEx. )

Generic Character.

Anthere incumbentes, plerumque demum recurve. Co-

vel sepius complete bilocularis, placentis utrinque binis.

Specific Name and Character.

Lisiantuus Russellianus ; glaucus, foliis ovatis acutissimis

3—5-nerviis, floribus paniculatis, calycibus profunde

partitis laciniis longissime subulatis, corolla (speciosis-

sima) 5-partita campanulato-infundibuliformi, laciniis

late obovatis patentibus.

Lasiantuus glaucifolius. Nutt. Fl. Ark. p. 197. (not Jacq.).

Specimens and seeds of this plant were among the last of

the many novelties that were sent home by the lamented

Drummonp from San Félipe de Austin, Texas, in 1835.

They were accompanied by the remark, “ not excelled in

beauty by any plant :” and truly one has only to see this

species of Listantuus in a flowering state, to be assured of

the accuracy of the observation. It was shortly before the

period of the arrival of these seeds and specimens, that His

Grace the Duke of Beprorp, with his wonted liberality,

contributed a sum of money, which, had the receiver conti-

nued in health, would have materially assisted in forward-

ing his views in Florida, but which was no less available in

a period of pain and sickness immediately preceding his

lamented death in Cuba; and I am sure that in dedicat

ing this splendid plant to so distinguished a patron o

VOL, XI. 3 B

Science, I shall have the approbation of every Botanist and

of every lover of Horticulture. |

Although apparently an annual in the wild state, yet no

specimen flowered till 1837, and then for the first time in the

greenhouse at Bothwell! Castle, under the skilful manage-

ment of Mr. Turneuiy. It was there that the drawing here

figured was made, in August of that year. Shortly after, its

lovely blossoms were produced in the Glasgow Botanic Gar-

den : and so long-lived were they, that we have remarked a

single blossom continuing in great beauty for a period of

three weeks. I think there can be no doubt but, under pro-

per management, by forcing in the early spring, and plant-

ing out in the open border, this plant will there perfect its

flowers as readily as the Patox Drummondii. In the Genus

the species will rank near L. glaucifolius, Jacg., Ic. Rar. t. 33.

(Cutora exaliata, Grisesr.) having, like it, glaucous leaves,

a deeply divided corolla, and long subulate segments to

the calyx, but readily distinguished by the vastly larger

flowers, three to five-neryed (not single-ribbed) leaves, of

which the upper ones are finely acuminated, and by the

absence of a keel or wing to the calyx-segments. In the

dried collection sent home by Mr. Drummonp, and distri-

buted, this plant is numbered 177. I possess specimens

gathered by M. Berenpier, at Nouveau Leon, Monterey,

Mexico; and by Mr. Nurratt, from the Great Salt River,

Arkansa.

Descr. Annual. Stem one to two feet high, erect, round-

ed, simple, or throwing out a few opposite branches, and,

as well as the foliage, glabrous and glaucous. Leaves

opposite and connate, ovate or ovato-oblong, three to five-

nerved, very acute, gradually becoming smaller upwards,

and more acuminated, till they pass into the subulate brac-

teas at the base of the peduncles. Flowers large, hand-

some, borne in a terminal panicle. Pedicels elongated.

Calyx deeply five-partite; the segments erect, from an

ovate base, gradually lengthened into a long, subulate

pot. Corolla as large as a tulip! Tube short, limb of

five, large, obovate, spreading segments: the colour a rich

purple, with a very deep eye in the centre. Filaments

scarcely longer than the tube: Anthers large, yellow.

Germen oblong, equal in length with the style: stigma of

two, very large, yellow-green, velvety spreading plates.

Margins of the valves of the capsule much introflexed.

=< minute, orbicular-reniform, deeply punctated, pale-

rown.

Fig.1. Stamen. 2. Pistil. 3. Section of the Germen —~magnified, —

A ) K\ M

‘iy

sh!

Tb, by S Cuntis, Glaxenwood Rasen. Tan], 1838

3627.

Swan So

( 3627 )

ECHINOCACTUS TUBIFLORUS. T'UBE-FLOWERED

SpPInE-CACTUS.

Class and Order.

IcosanpriA Monoeynta.

_( Nat. Ord —Cacrex. )

Generic Character.

~ Sepala numerosa imbricata basi ovarii adnata in tubum

~~ ‘brevissimum concreta, exteriora involucriformia, intima

_ petaliformia. Stamina numerosa. Stylus filiformis apice

multifidus. Bacca sepalorum reliquiis subsquamata. Co-

tyledones nulla ?—Frutices simplicissimi carnosi ovati aut

globost melocactoidet costati aphylli costis tuberculis conflu-

entibus quasi formatis, dorso aculeorum fasciculos gerenti-

bus. Cephalium seu spadix nullus. Flores ¢ fasciculis

aculeorum ad apices costarum orti, similes Jlortbus Cerei sed

tubo vix ullo donati. D C.

Specific Name and Character.

Ecuinocactus tubiflorus ; subgloboso depresso umbilicato,

costis profundis subundecim undulatis compressis, tu-

berculis lanatis aculeatis aculeis 5—6 lineas longis fas-

ciculatis strictis nigris, floris tubo 6—8 uncias longo

superne dilatato fasciculatim villoso, petalis patentibus

(albis acuminatis).

Ecuinocactus tubiflorus. flort. Angl.-Pfeiff, Enum. Cact.

241. ae

S © Setetireengigs ~ bu Pond eee

The drawing here figured was kindly communicated un-

der the name now adopted, by Mr. Freperic Mackie, of the

Norwich Nursery, in whose collection of Cactex (late Mr.

Hircni’s) it has lately flowered. Its affinity with E. Eyri-

esw will be at once perceived: but from that species it dif- _

fers remarkably in the fewer and much deeper angles Pt

the stem, in the very much longer and stronger and black

species, collected into fewer fascicles. The flower, as Mr.

Mackie observes, is larger, the tube longer and slenderer,

and clothed with much longer tufts of hairs. It is, in all -

probability, a native of the same country as E. Eyriesit,

namely Mexico.

Descr. Stem subglobose, much depressed, umbilicated

at the top, and deeply cut into about eleven very prominent,

compressed, slightly undulated angles, which have five or

six woolly tubercles, each giving rise to a fascicle of six to

eight strong black spines, from half to nearly three quarters of

an inch long. From one of these fascicles the flower springs,

which is remarkably large in proportion to the size of the

plant. The calycine tube is very long, a little enlarged

upwards, brownish-green, scaly, each scale with a long tuft

of slender, flaccid hairs. Petals spreading, white, oblong,

much acuminated. Stamens numerous, included, white as

well as the style and stigmas.

~——

W. fitch del® Lab by S. Curtis. Glanen wood Essex Jan?Z/838.

Swan Pye 4

; ( 3628 )

VERBENA INCISA. CuT-LEAVED MELINDRES.

KEKE EKER EEE EEE ER KE EEE ER

Class and Order.

DipynamiA ANGIOSPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord.—VERBENACEZ. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-fidus, dente unico subbreviore. Corolle limbus

irregulariter 5-lobus. Stamina inclusa. Utriculus 4-sper-

mus, cito rumpens, ut maturi fructus caryopses sistant.

Spr.

Specific Name and Character.

VERBENA tncisa ; pubescenti-hirsuta erecta suffruticosa ra-

mosa, foliis petiolatis cordato-oblongis pinnatifido-lo-

batis grosse inciso-dentatis superioribus sublanceolatis

sessilibus inciso-pinnatifidis, corymbis terminalibus

planiusculis, floribus subsessilibus, calycibus cylindra-

ceis 5-dentatis 5-costatis tubo corolle 4 brevioribus,

limbi obliquo 5-lobis segmentis cuneatis bifidis.

This is another South American Verbena of the “ Melin-

dres” group, for the discovery of which we are indebted to

Mr. T'weep1e, who sent the seeds to G. F. Dickson, Esq.,

of Everton, near Liverpool, by whom they were raised in

1836. Mr. Sxirvine, of the extensive nursery of Liverpool,

transmitted the specimens now represented. Mr. T'werepre’s —

specimens corresponding to the figure here given, are ga-

thered at Santa Fée, in dry pastures in Porto Alegro Bay

(Nos. 504 and 505), and on the shores of the Panama (No.

460). It flowered in the greenhouse, in July (1837), and

is extremely handsome, the blossoms of a deep red rose-_

colour, with a yellow eye, and becoming ee inage. It

will rank next to V. Tweediana, from whic

it differs inthe

broad and depressed (not spiked) corymbs, in the broader ee

leaves —

leaves which are far more deeply lobed and cut in a pinna-

tifid manner. ‘This will, in all probability, prove as hardy

a species as V. chamedrifolia.

Descr. Whole plant pubescently hairy. Stem, in the

individual from which our figure was taken, erect, but

weak, between two to three feet high, branched. The

leaves below cordato-oblong, petiolate, deeply lobed and

cut, especially near the base ; the upper ones sessile, inci-

so-pinnatifid, much narrower than the rest, and with longer

and narrower segments. Corymbs terminal, of many nearly

sessile flowers, presenting a nearly plane or slightly convex

surface. Calyx cylindrical, slender, pale, with five dark-

green angles or ribs, and as many very short, spreading

teeth. Corolla with the tube slender, about one-third longer

than the calyx, whitish ; limb large, spreading, oblique, of

five wedge-shaped and bifid lobes, rose-crimson on the up-

per side, very pale beneath, the eye yellow, the mouth

closed with converging hairs. 3

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Leaves from the lower part of the Stem.

4629,

<2 “

: ~ . O32

f ++ lino 2 Y Od

Re Cherlés Haren roped LRR CO far y¢ 46.36

MO Withers del? ft26. br

( 3629 )

MAXILLARIA AUREO-FULVA. GOLDEN-BROWN.

MAXILLARIA.

Class and Order.

GynANDRIA MonaAnpDRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuwez. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium connivens, raro patens. Sepala lateralia

cum basi producta column connata. Petalasubconformia.

Labellum trilobum, cucullatum, sessile, cum basi producta

columne articulatum. Columna semiteres, aptera. An-

thera subbilocularis. Pollinia 2, bipartibilia v. integra,

caudicula brevi, glandula transversa——Epiphyte (Ameri-

cane) pseudo-bulbose, acaules v. caulescentes. Folia pli-

cata, v. cortacea. Pedunculi radicales, axillares v. termi-

nales, uni- v. multiflori. Lindl.

Specific Name and Character.

Maxitiaria aureo-fulva ; pseudo-bulbis rotundato-ovatis

3—4-angulatis rugosis monophyllis, folio elliptico-ob-

longo striato petiolato acuto, scapo radicali folio lon-

giori, floribus racemosis, sepalis oblongis acuminatis

lateralibus basi in calcar spurium obtusum connatis,

petalis labelloque conformibus.

Not having seen the plant from which this very beautiful

drawing is made, I am unable to describe its flowers,and

especially the labellum, so accurately as I could wish. It |

exists in the collection of Mr. Attcarp, who received it fro

Rio. Its nearest affinity is assuredly with M. rac

(Bot. Mag. t. 2789): but the pseudo-bulb and le:

very different ; the flowers larger, of a fall golden

colour, the spur shorter, more obtuse, and more closely

applied to the germen; and the lip is narrower, and

different in form. eee

W. fitch Del ® ; ie ‘ E

Pub by S. Curtis, lazenwood Essen, Jan” 178.38,

ee is Swear sca

;

- ae

P a

( 3630 )

TWEEDIA VERSICOLOR. CHANGEABLE-FLOW-

ERED 'TWEEDIA.

Class and Order.

PENTANDRIA Dicynta.

( Nat. Ord.—AsciepiapEz. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla campanulata, fauce coronata,

Squamis 5 carnosis retusis vel bifidis, exsertis, sinubus op-

positis. Corona staminea nulla. Anthere membrana ter-

minate. Masse pollinis ventricose, apice attenuato affixe,

pendule. Stigma elongato-acuminatum, bipartitum.—Suf-

frutices volubiles. Folia opposita membranacea. Umbella

axillares. Flores majusculi.

Specific Name and Character.

Tweepia* versicolor ; pubescenti-tomentosa, foliis brevi-

petiolatis oblongo-hastatis, pedunculis umbellatis 3—4-

floris, corollz laciniis obtusis, squamis corollinis ligu- _

latis apice recurvis crenatis, antheris erecto-appressis, _

stigmate bifido squamis corollinis vix longiore,

A most highly interesting Asclepiadeous plant, for which — ee

I am indebted to Mr. Niven, the excellent Curator of the

Glasnevin Botanic Garden, in which Establishment it flow- ee

ered in July, 1837, and whence the specimen here repre- ee

sented was sent, accompanied by a beautiful figure. It was

discovered by Mr. Tweente, probably in Tucuman, (though

the locality is not mentioned,) and communicated to Mr.

Niven with the name of Ascuepias Asedra. Its large flow-

: oe.

_ * So named in compliment to Mr. James TWEEDIE, an intelligent and

indefatigable collector of plants in Buenos Ayres, Tucuman, 8. Brazil, &.

ers, of a singularly changeable blue colour, with exserted

scales from the tube, remind one rather of a Boragineous

than an Asclepiadeous plant. In Genus it borders upon

Oxyreratum and Tweepia; and [ think it may safely be

referred to the latter.

Descr. Stems twining, herbaceous, and, as well as the

foliage, peduncles, calyx, and even in a degree, the outside

of the corolla, clothed with fine woolly down. Leaves op-

posite, on short petioles, oblong, between cordate and has-

tate at the base. Peduncles axillary, from one of the two

opposite leaves, bearing an umbel of three to four flowers.

Calyx deeply cut into five, erect, lanceolate segments. Co-

rolla between rotate and salver-shaped, having a conspicu-

ous, almost globose tube, and five spreading, oblong, very

obtuse segments ; when first open, pale-blue, with a slight

tinge of green, then purplish, and when withered, lilac.

Within the corolla are five erect, deeper blue, fleshy scales,

exserted, their apices recurved, emarginate. Stamens com-

bined into a tube, erect, appressed to the base of the white

pyramidal stigma, which is cleft into two closely-placed

segments. Pollen-masses pendent from a triangular, mem-

branous appendage, on each side the base of which is a

linear-oblong, black, shining spine. Pistils two.

Fig. 1. Section of the Calyx with the Pistils. 2. Section of the Tube

of the Corolla, showing the Scales, Staminal Column, and Stigma, 3. Inside

view of an Anther, separated from the rest, showing its two Cells. 4, Pol-

len-masses :—magnified.

Pub. by S.Gurtia Glasenwood Essex) Jan2l1B3&

Y Swan Je,

( 3631 )

EPIDENDRUM PAPILLOSUM. WARTY-FRUITED

EPIDENDRUM. |

Class and Order.

GyNAnDRIA MonanprIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuipez. )

Generic Character.

Sepala patentia, subequalia. Petala sepalis equalia, v.

angustiora, rarius latiora, patentia v. reflexa. Labellum

cum marginibus columne omnino v. parte connatum, limbo

integro v. diviso, disco sepius calloso, costato v. tubercu-

lato ; nunc in calcar productum ovario accretum et cuni-

culum formans. Columna elongata; clinandrio marginato,

sepe fimbriato. Anthera carnosa, 2—4-locularis. Pollinia

4, caudiculis totidem replicatis annexa.—Herbe (Ameri-

cane) epiphyte, caule nunc apice v. basi pseudo-bulboso,

nunc elongato, apice folioso. Folia carnosa, rarissime venis

elevatis striata. Flores spicati, racemosi, corymbosi, v.

paniculati, terminales v. laterales. Lindl.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Epipenprum papillosum ; pseudo-bulbis ovatis vel subtur-

binatis membranulis glaucescentibus tectis 2—3 phyl-

lis ; foliis strictis carinatis acutis scapo simplici multi-

floro subeequalibus, sepalis obovato-lanceolatis acuti-

usculis petalisque minoribus subspathulatis acutis ;

labello semilibero 3-partito, laciniis lateralibus divari-

catis obovatis, intermedio 3-plo majore obscure qua-

drilobo versus basin calloso: columna bidentata ovario

pedicelloque papillosis. Bateman.

Epipenprvum papillosum. Bateman, MSS. Lindl. Bot. Reg.

sine Ic. f

Another of the many interesting discoveries of Mr.

Skinner, which has enriched the collection of Mr. Bare-

MAN, at Knypersley Hall, where the specimen here figured,

—

drawn by the skilful pencil of Mrs. Wrrners, was raised

in June of last year. It is a very distinct species, and

of easy culture.

Descr. The pseudo-bulb, in this specimen, was broadly

ovate, furrowed longitudinally and transversely, so as to be

marked with oblong convex areolz; the whole dark-green,

but covered with a delicate semi-transparent, silvery pellicle,

and crowned with two or three erect, but slightly recurved, —

carinated and acuminated, dark-green, obscurely striated,

coriaceous leaves. Scape, from the centre of these leaves,

a foot long, slender, erect, bearing a terminal raceme of

eight or ten, rather distant, handsome flowers. Sepals and

petals almost spathulate, spreading, yellowish-green, the

two latter rather smaller. Colwmn club-shaped, tipped

with orange. Lip deeply three-lobed, white, with three

deep pink streaks, the two lateral lobes obovate, standing

out at right angles from the middle lobe, which is large,

plaited, obscurely four-lobed.

Wi Fitch Delt Fb. by 3. Curtis; Glazenwood. Essex Jan? 11838, Svan Sc.

( 3632 )

LoasA LATERITIA. Rep-FLOWERED LOASA.

Class and Order.

PoLyADELPHIA PoLyANDRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Loasez. )

Generic Character.

Calycis tubus ovario adherens, limbus persistens 5-parti-

tus equalis. Petala 5 lobis calyci alterna breviter ungui-

culata concava. Sguame 5 petaloidee petalis alternz bi-

aut trilobe in conum conniventes et basi intus filamentis 2

sterilibus instructe. Stamina oo, exteriora 10 sterilia, ex-

tera in phalanges 15—17-andras petalis oppositas disposita,

antheris erectis bilocularibus. Stylus apice trifidus. Cap-

sula turbinato-oblonga, I-locularis, apice 3-valvis calyce

coronata, valvis margine placentiferis, placentis ideo cum

Vicina continuis. Semina ovalia creberrima reticulata.—

Herbe ramose plerumque piloso-prurientes interdum scan-

dentes. Folia alterna aut opposita, dentata aut lobata.

Pedunculi oppositifolit axillares aut terminales 1-flori. Pe-

tala flava, rarissime alba. DC.

Specific Name and Character.

Loasa lateritia ; longissime scandens pungenti-hispida, fo-

liis pinnatis pinnis pinnatifidis laciniis inciso-pinnatifi-

dis, petalis basi latioribus vix unguiculatis, squamis

nectariferis apicibus conniventibus 5-appendiculatis,

appendicibus 2 interioribus subulatis longissimis, ex-

terioribus 3 squamiformibus brevibus.

This singular and truly beautiful species of -Loasa was

discovered in Tucuman, by Mr. Tweepre, and dried speci-

mens have been sent by him to me and others (marked 7. —

1195), and seeds to the Glasgow Botanic Garden. From

these latter, plants were raised by Mr. Murray, in 1836,

which survived in the hothouse through the winter, climb-_

VOL, XII. c

ing to the uppermost light ; and they produced their bright

orange-red blossoms in the month of May,* 1837. In its

native country, according to Mr. Tween, it is annual:

with us, probably from having been sown so late in the

Season, it is certainly biennial. ‘There is every reason to

believe that either by seeds or cuttings this fine species may

be perpetuated.

Descr. Hispid and stinging, more especially the stem.

Stems ten to twenty feet long, slender, climbing. Leaves

petiolate, opposite, pinnate, especially the lower ones, with

from five to several pinne, which are ovato-lanceolate inciso-

pinnatifid and serrated ; the upper leaves (here represented)

are bipinnatifid, and much shorter than the lower ones.

Peduncles very long, axillary, single-flowered. Germen

inferior, cylindrical, hispid, spirally twisted. Calycine leaves

linear-subpinnatifid, spreading. “Petals five, large, exter-

nally hispid, cucullate, and compressed laterally, broad at

the base, and scarcely unguiculate. Stamens in five bun-

dles, lodged inthe hollow of the petals, from which they

rise up at intervals to fertilize the stigma. Anthers pale

reddish-yellow. Nectariferous scales five, downy, yellow-

green, alternating with the bundles of stamens, cucullate,

bearing each three outer short, dark purple segments, and

two long, subulate inner ones, which curve gracefully, all

meeting over the top of the stigma. Germen compressed,

obtusely five-lobed. Style somewhat subulate. Stigma a

mere point. Fruit two to three inches long, cylindrical,

bursting in five, spirally twisted valves.

Fig. 1. Anther. 2. Pistil,

: 3. Inner view of a nectariferous Scale. 4.

Side view of the same i—magn

Yied. 5. Fruit:—nat. size.

* Since the above was written, plants which have been put in the open

border, and trained against a wall, have flowered in the highest perfection,

and produced fruit abundantly ; not suffering from the frosts till the month

of November had set in,

WP itch lt Pub. by 8. Curtis. Glazenwood Koevex. Feb” 1 18030.

C 3633 =)

CARICA CITRIFORMIS. SMALL CITRON-

FRUITED PaApaw.

SER KKK KKK ERK EERE KEK

Class and Order.

Diacia (rather Mona:cta) Decanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—Caricez. )

Generic Character.

Calyx (minutus) 5-dentatus. Masc. Corolla infundibu-

- liformis. Stamina alterna breviora. Fam. Corolla pro-

funde 5-partita. Stigmata 5. Pepo polyspermus. Semina

membraua obvoluta. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Carica citriformis ; foliis cordatis 3—5-lobis lobis oblon-

gis acuminatis medio trifidis nervis superne glandulo-

sis, pedunculis axillaribus brevissimis, fructibus ovali-

bus levissiimis aurantiacis. |

Carica citriformis. ‘Jacq. fil.” (ex Spreng.) Spreng. Syst.

Veget. v. 3. p. 905.

As far as can be judged from the brief character (and I

know of no other) of Carica citriformis, given in SPRENGEL,

the present plant may be safely referred to it: and it isa

native of Guiana. A specimen, with the charming fruit

here represented, was communicated from the stove of

Cuartes Horsraut, Esq., Liverpool, in 1835. That gen-

tleman procured it from the Curator of the Botanic Garden

of Rotterdam, as the C. monoica of Desronratnes: but that

species, as may be seen by the figurein the Ann. du Mus.

d’Hist. Nat. v. 1. t. 18, is the same as the C. microcarpa of

the Hort. Scheenbr., and is easily distinguished by its small,

deeply sulcated, and pointed fruit. Seeds from the fruit

above-mentioned were raised in the Botanic Gardens of

Glasgow

Glasgow and at Woburn, and so rapidly does the plant

come to perfection, that it bore flower and fruit the first year.

Descr. Stem erect, three to five feet high, unbranched,

woody below, herbaceous and succulent above, rounded.

Leaves only from the upper part of the stem, on long

rounded petioles, cordate, irregularly three- to five-lobed in

a palmated manner, the lobes broadly oblong-acuminate,

the middle lobe frequently trifid. On the nerves of the

older leaves are scattered small, globose, white glands,

sometimes in clusters. Flowers yellowish-white, in short

panicles or clusters, from the axils of the leaves, much

shorter than the leaf-stalks, moncecious? Male flowers,

which alone have come under my observation, about an

inch long. Calyx obsolete. Corolla with the tube long : the

five oblong segments spreading. Pistil small, abortive.

Stamens ten, in two rows, near the mouth of the tube. F%-

laments short, broader upwards ; anther-cells applied to

the inner face of the filament below the point. Fruit about

the size of a hen’s egg, and nearly of the same shape, but

more inclining to oval, baccate, bright orange, contain-

ing several dark-brown seeds, muricated with large blunt

spines. Embryo in a white waxy albumen. |

Fig. 1. Male Flower laid open. 2. 2. Stamens. 3. Fruit, and 4, Dis-

section of ditto, and 5, Seed (all nat. size). 6. Seed, magnified. 7. Al-

bumen. 8. Albumen cut open, showing the Embryo. 9, Embryo :—

magnified,

J. Gortis.

Gla

sax. Feb *77g59

265%.

7. is a

OWBILGC

( 3634 )

MAMMILLARIA LEHMANNI. LEHMANN’S

MAMMILLARIA.,

KEKE EEE KEE KEKE KEKE KEKE

Class and Order.

Icosanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Cacrez. )

Generic Character.

Calycis tubus ovario adherens ; lobi 5—6 colorati fruc-

tum juniorem coronantes. Petala 5—6 a calyce vix dis-

tincta eo longiora et cum sepalis in tubum concreta. Sta-

mina filiformia pluriserialia. Stylus filiformis. Stigma 5—

7-fidum radiatum. Bacca levis. Semina nidulantia. Cotyle-

dones nulle. (ex Nutt. )—Suffrutices carnosi subrotundi aut

subcylindracei axi ligneo destituti, (an in omnibus ?) lactes-

centes, aphylli, tuberculis subconicis mammeformibus spira-

liter dispositis confertis apice spinulas radiantes et tomentum

demum deciduum gerentibus obtecti. Flores inter bases

mammillarum sessiles, sepius in zonam transversam dispo-

sitt. Bacca obovata, edulis, calyce marcescente demum de-

ciduo coronata. 'Tubercula caulis simulant folia Mesem-

bryanthemorum barbatorum, et forte sunt vera folia plante.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Mammnitiaria Lehmanni; oblonga subcylindrica, mammil-

lis magnis conicis angulatis subtetragonis in axillis

glandulosis resiniferis, apicibus fasciculatim aculeatis,

aculeis 7—8 rectis gracilibus unico longiore, floribus —

terminalibus, petalis lineari-oblongis acuminatis stra-

mineis.

Mammnitraria Lehmanni. Hort. Berol.—Pfeiff. En. Cact.

Fe anaes =

M. octacantha et leucacantha. DC. Rev. p. 113. Mem.p.

11? (ex Pfeiffer.). |

From the rich collection of Cacrea, formerly Mr. Hircn-

in’s, now in the possession of Messrs. Mackie, who oblig-

ing i.

ingly communicated the drawing here figured. Its native

country is Mexico. Mr. F. Macxte observes, that itis “a

very distinct and remarkable species, bearing dark points

in the axils of the mammille, which in hot weather exude

a dark-coloured viscid matter, which I have not observed

in any other species.”

Descr. Stem, in the specimen here figured, about six

inches high, oblong and cylindrical, covered all over with

large, conical mammille, three-quarters of an inch long,

angled with about four sides, and tipped witha minute woolly

tuft, from which springs a fascicle of seven or eight slender

spines, mostly three or four lines in length, but one of them

is twice as long as the rest. Flowers moderately large, ter-

minal. Calycine tube short. Petals numerous, imbricated,

spreading, linear-oblong, of a delicate straw-colour. Sta-

mens and siyle included. Filaments red. Anthers and

stigmas yellow.

( 3635)

PASSIFLORA NIGELLIFLORA. NIGELLA-

FLOWERED Passion-F'LOWER.

Class and Order.

MonapetreHiA PENTANDRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Passirtore&. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 10-partitus, laciniis interioribus corollinis. Corona

radiata perigyna. Nectariwm in fundo calycis. Tubus

staminifer stylum cingens. Stigmata 3, clavata. Pepo 1-

locularis, placentatio parietalis. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Passirtora nigelliflora; sericeo-pilosa, foliis cordatis 5-

lobis argute serratis, involucris setaceo-multifidis apice

glandulosis. .

Passirtora nigelliflora. Tweedie Pl. Exsice. (n, 1170.)

Plentiful at St. Jago de Estero, on the Rio Dulce, where

it was discovered in 1835, by Mr. Tweepiz, when on his

way from Mendoza to Tucuman. It will be at once seen,

that it is nearly allied to P. gossypijfolia, P. hibiscifolia,

fetida, and ciliata, four species which indeed have a near

affinity to each other: but the present may at all times be

distinguished by its truly cordate leaves, which are five-

lobed) except in the upper part of the stem), and strongly —

serrated. The dried specimens which accompanied the

seeds, have the same character in the foliage as the culti-

vated ones. It flowered in the Glasgow Garden in Sep-

tember, and seems to re-quire the heat of the stove. :

Descr. Stem climbing to the height of several feet, clothed

with soft spreading hairs, as are the petioles. Leaves yield-

ing a fetid smell when bruised, exactly cordate in their S S :

circumscription, five-lobed, hairy, or almost silky on both =~

sides, —

sides, the margin distinctly serrated: on the underside and at

the margin, there are numerous hairs, tipped with unctuous

glands. Stipules capillaceo-multifid, the segments termi-

nated byagland. Tendrils hairy. Involucre placed close

beneath the calyx, of three leaves, which are pinnatifid,

with numerous slender, capillary segments, each tipped

with a gland at the extremity. Calyx with a very short

tube, above which is a constriction, and a depression un-

derneath: segments five, spreading, oblong, pale-green

without, white within. Petals of the same shape, white.

Filaments of the nectary elongated, waved, white, bluish

at the tip: in the centre of these is a double circular

disk, the owter thick and fleshy, the inner thin and almost

membranous ; these immediately surround the base of the

staminal tube. Germen globose, hairy: Style slightly

hairy : stigma subglobose.

sp ins

wall 5

Swans

Fub, by S.Curtis. Glazenwoed Visser. Feb 71.18 33,

WF itchd red t

( 3636 )

Passtrtora TucuMANENSI!Is. LARGE-

STIPULED PasstonN-F LOWER.

KKK KKK KKK KEKE KEK EEE EK

Class and Order.

Monape.poiA PENTANDRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Passirtorez. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 10-partitus, laciniis interioribus corollinis. Corona

radiata perigyna. Nectarium in fundo calycis. Tubus

staminifer stylum cingens. Stigmata 3, clavata. Pepo 1-

locularis, placentatio parietalis. Spr.

Specific Name and Character.

Passirtora Tucumanensis ; glaberrima scandens cirrhifera,

foliis lato-cordatis petiolatis alte trilobis, lobis ob-

longis inferne glanduloso-serratis subtus glaucis, sti-

pulis magnis semicordatis grosse serratis, pedun-

culis unifloris 3-bracteatis, bracteis calycem fere

equantibus laxis cordatis serratis, corona filamentosa

duplici, int. brevissima, ext. petalorum longitudine.

This new species of Passion-flower was discovered by

Mr. Tweepie, at St. Jago and Tucuman, at the eastern

foot of the Cordillera of Chili, inhabiting, though rarely, —

the woods. It isa free grower, and flowered copiously the

second year in the stove of the Glasgow Botanic Garden,

in the month of July. It is 2. 1173 of Mr. Tweepie’s col-

lections sent in 1836.

Descr. Plant everywhere glabrous, Stems long and —

twining. Leaves copious, dark-green above, pale and

glaucous beneath, broadly cordate, deeply three-lobed, the —

lobes spreading, oblong, sometimes approaching to ovate Be

or lanceolate, entire except at the base, where they are

glanduloso-serrate. Petioles shorter than the leaf, rounded, — ae

naked, or sometimes with one or two fibrous glands. Siz-

pules very large, leafy, an inch and more long, waved,

reticulated, especially beneath, coarsely serrated. Cirrhi

long, simple. —Peduncles solitary, single-flowered, bearing:

beneath the flower three alternate, ovato-cordate, waved

bracteas, almost as long as the flower. Flower about two

inches in diameter. Calyx white within, of five oblongo-

lanceolate sezments, with a long soft green mucro beneath

the apex. Petals five, of the same shape as the calycine

segments, white. Nectary double ; inner of numerous,

short, erect, white filaments, tipped with blue, and woolly

at their base; outer of numerous, spreading’ filaments,

nearly as long as the corolla, white, barred with purplish

blue. Column short. Stigmas club-shaped, recurved.

( 3637 )

EPIDENDRUM FLORIBUNDUM. MANyY-FLOW-

ERED EPIDENDRUM.

KKK KEE EKER EERE KEE EEE

Class and Order.

GynanpriaA Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuiwes. ) :

Generic Character.

Sepala patentia, subequalia. Petala sepalis equalia, v.

angustiora, rarius latiora, patentia v. reflexa. Labellum

cum marginibus columne omnino vy. parte connatum, limbo

integro v. diviso, disco sepius calloso, costato v. tubercu-

lato ; nunc in calcar productum ovario accretum et cuni-

culum formans. Colwmna elongata; clinandrio marginato,

seepe fimbriato. Anthera carnosa, 2—4-locularis. Pollinia

4, caudiculis totidem replicatis annexa——Herbe (Ameri-

cane) epiphyte, caule nune apice v. basi pseudo-bulboso,

nunc elongato, apice folioso. Folia carnosa, rarissime venis

elevatis striata. YF lores spieati, racemosi, corymbosi v.

paniculati, terminales v. laterales. Lindl.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Eriwenprum floribundum ; caule folioso, foliis lanceolato-

oblongis acuminatis submembranaceis, panicula termi-

nali, sepalis reflexis lanceolatis, petalis filiformibus,

labelli quadrilobi basi bituberculati lobis lateralibus

subrotundis, terminalibus linearibus divaricatis. Lindl.

Epipenprum floribundum. Humb. et Kunth, Nov. Gen. et

Sp. v. 1. p. 353. t. 86. Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orchid. p.

109.

Kindly communicated by James Bateman, Esq., who ob-

serves, that “the figure was taken froma specimen in Messrs.

Loppiexs’ Collection, by whom it was imported some years a

ago from Mexico. The flowers of their plant were con-

| siderably

siderably larger than those of some wild specimens, ga-

thered on the Amazon River, by, Dr. Papric, and now

(thanks to his liberality) in my possession. The species

continues a long time in flower, and has a particularly neat

and pleasing appearance.”” Humsoxpr found it in woods

near St. Jean de Bracamoros and the Amazon River. This

plant has also been gathered by Mr. Hencuman, in Deme-

rara, in 1834, and a noble specimen flowered by Messrs.

Lows, in the rich stoves of the Clapton Nursery, was kindly

communicated to us in November, 1837.

Descr. Pseudo-bulbs none. Stem about a foot high,

erect, round, leafy. Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, some-

what flaccid and membranaceous, often reflexed. Panicle

terminal, of three to four long, spreading and reflexed

branches, bearing numerous flowers, each on a long pedicel.

Sepals greenish-brown, reflexed, spathulate. Petals white,

filiform, very slender, spreading. Column elongated, green

at the base, white above. Lip white, with a curved line of

red dots, bituberculate, deeply four-lobed ; the two side

lobes rounded ; intermediate ones spreading, linear.

( 3638 )

EPIDENDRUM TESSELATUM. CHEQUER-FLOW-

ERED EPIDENDRUM,

KEKK KEK EERE REKER ER ERE RE

Class and Order.

GynanpriA Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuines. )

Generic Character.

Sepala patentia, subequalia. Petala sepalis equalia v.

angustiora, rarius latiora, patentia v. reflexa. Labellum

cum marginibus columnz omnino vy. parte connatum, limbo

imtegro v. diviso, disco sepius calloso, costato vy. tubercu-

lato; nunc in calear productum ovario accretum et cuni-

culum formans. Columna elongata ; clinandrio marginato,

sepe fimbriato. Anthera carnosa, 2—4-locularis. Pollinia

4, caudiculis totidem replicatis annexa.—Herbe (Ameri-

cane) epiphyte, caule nunc apice v. basi pseudo-bulboso,

nunc elongato, apice folioso. Folia carnosa, rarissime venis

elevatis striata. Flores spicati, racemosi, corymbost v.

paniculati, terminales v. laterales. Lindl.

Specific Name and Character.

Epipenprum fesselatum ; pseudo-bulbis ovalibus compres-

sis 2—3-phyllis, foliis lineari-lanceolatis scapo simplici

multifloro paulo brevioribus, floribus subpatentibus,

sepalis lanceolatis mucronatis petalisque minoribus

subspathulatis acutis, labelli liberi trilobi lobis latera-

libus rotundatis, intermedio majore oblongo cucullato,

venis tribus parallelis cristigeris munito. Bateman.

A native of Guatemala, and sent to Knypersley, in 1836,

by Mr. Sxiyner, where the drawing, from which the accom-

panying figure was taken, was made by Mrs. Wiruers.

«My invaluable friend, G. U. Skinner, Esq., who has, I

believe, already discovered a larger number of new Orcui-

DACEE

‘VOL. XII. D

pacEz# than any other individual whatsoever, first detected

this species, which flowers here in June and July.”

Descr. “ The sepals and petals are greenish-yellow out-

side, and brown inside, with darker streaks of the same

colour, which give them a tessellated appearance. Lip beau-

tifully veined throughout its whole length with numerous

purple streaks.” (Bateman in litt.).

WPttch Dal © tub bu S Curtis. Glazenwood Essex Feb 1LI838.

( 3639 )

ERICA FLORIDA; var.campanulata. Droopine

Rounp-HEADED Heatnu. Bell-flowered var.

Seek ek

Class and Order.

OctranpriA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Enricea. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 4-sepalus inferus. Corolla 4-fida. Stamina recep-

taculo inserta. Anthere bifide. Capsula 4-locularis.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Erica florida ; foliis linearibus pilosis, floribus terminalibus

ay glabris, calycibus reflexis, staminibus inclu-

sis. ar

Erica florida. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 2. p. 357. Thunb. Eric.

n. 64. t. 6. Salish. in Linn. Soc. Trans. v. 6. p. 377.

gi: Kew. v. 2. p. 406. Spreng. Syst. Veg. v. 2.

p. 191.

Var. campanulata ; ramis strictioribus, foliis longioribus

glabris, calycibus acutis bracteisque imbricatis, corolla

lato-campanulata, stylo exserto. (Tab. nostr. 3639).

This very charming Heath was communicated from the

choice collection at Bothwell Castle, in May, 1837, having

been raised from seeds of E. florida, by the very intelligent

gardener, Mr. Turnsut, in May, 1835. The plant is thus

only two years old, and in size, for it is now two and

a half feet high, and in the profuseness and beauty and

expanded form of the blossoms, in the foliage, and in the

straightness and vigour of the branches, it is so much

superior to the other plants of E. florida raised from the —

same lot of seed, and cultivated with precisely the same

care and attention, that Mr. Turngutt cannot but suspect —

that the seed yielding the individual in question had been

the produce of a flower which was fertilized with the —

pollen : ,

pollen of some other species, probably by an insect. This

is, however, only conjecture : for though Mr. Turneutz is

in the habit of impregnating the flowers of several heaths

with the pollen of others, yet he is certain that the parent

of this was not so treated. All the other plants but this

have wiry flexuose stems and branches, and are so shy of

flowering, that the best of them has only a few blossoms,

while the present individual has quite a lively appearance

from the profusion of them.

Descr. The plant from which our drawing was made,

and indeed the only one raised by Mr. Turnsutt, is two and

a half feet high: the stems and older branches clothed with

reddish-brown bark. Leaves quaternate, rarely ternate,

spreading, linear, mucronate, keeled, and with a furrow

on the keel at the back. Flowers terminal, three to four

together, rarely five, forming small umbels at the ex-

tremity of short copious lateral spreading branches, droop-

ing. Pedicels short, with about three, ovate, pale-white

and rose-coloured imbricated bracteas. Sepals four, similar

to the bracteas in every respect, but larger and broader,

appressed to the corolla. Corolla four-cleft, broadly cam-

panulate, of a delicate but full rose-colour. Stamens

included, erect or slightly incurved. Anthers ovate, red-

brown, awnless ; cells acuminate, opening by two large

_ oblique pores. Germen globose, five-lobed ; style much

exserted ; stigma a little spreading.

_Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Pedicel, Calyx, and Bracteas. 3. Stamens and Pis-

til. 4. Single Stamen. 5. Pistil, magnified. 6. Flower of the true E.

SJlorida (also communicated by Mr. TURNBULL), magnified.

Sweats Sc

tat

‘

ive

es a nc

( 3640 )

ARISTOLOCHIA SACCATA. PoucH-FLOWERED

7 BIRTH-worRT.

KKK EEE EERE KEE EEE EEK

Class and Order.

GynanpRiA HexanpRiA.

( Nat. Ord.—AnrisToLocHIE2. )

Generic Character.

Calyx corollinus superus basi ventricosus, limbo vario.

Anthere 2-loculares stigmatis lateralibus insculpte. Cap-

sula infera 6-locularis polysperma. Spr.

Specific Name and Character.

Artstotocuia saccata ; volubilis, foliis oblongis vel ovato-

oblongis acuminatis integris subtus ramisque villosis,

floribus lateralibus racemosis, perianthio villoso in-

flexo medio ventricoso, limbo orbiculato angustissimo —

subrepando patentissimo fauce maxima. Wallich. _

Aristotocuia saceata. Wall. Plante Rariores, v. 2. t. 103. —

Ibid. Catalogue of Indian Plants, No. 2707, a.

This curious plant is a native of Silhet, and was intro-

duced into the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, from the

Calcutta Garden, in 1829. It produced a succession of

flowers in September last, but formed no fruit. I did not

perceive that exceedingly offensive smell, for which Dr.

Watticu, in the splendid work above quoted, says that its

blossoms are remarkable.

The ensnaring of insects by plants, is observed in man

cases, its use disputed, sometimes, I think, eeidesstaed,

and its benevolence in the arrangements of nature consid-

ered equivocal. One thing is obvious, it demonstrates

emeditation and design in the configuration of parts. The

arge, heavy pouch in the middleae the tube sige

keeps the flower pendulous, and its throat erect. Having

removed from the plant one of the racemes for examination,

I laid this down on the table, and was surprised to observe

a crowd of small flies immediately rush out at the throat.

I raised the flowers into their natural position again, and

though I saw, by placing them between me and the light,

that very many flies were still in the tube, all very restless,

and attempting to escape, not one could climb up the now

erect throat. I repeated this experiment many times, and

always with the same result :—in the horizontal position of

the flower, the flies came out instantly,—in the erect posi-

tion they were imprisoned. I could not discover, even

with the microscope, any cause for this, and am forced to

suppose, that there may be a particular condition of the

surface in the upper part of the tube, from secretion or

other cause, which prevents the adhesion of the feet of the

insects, though they are able to walk along it when hori-

zontal.

It is supposed that the confinement of insects in flowers

is to effect their impregnation, and it has been thought

that the decay of their bodies in other parts, as in D1-

onzA, Nepentues, and Sarracenia, tends to the nourish-

ment of the plant. The first, I believe, is sometimes true ;

—and though I discredit the second theory, I have not in

every supposed instance, the means of disproving it. In

the case under consideration, and I believe in others, the

object seems altogether different. Years ago, I observed

a living worm on several of the decayed leaves of Dionza

_muscipula, and was induced, in consequence, to suspect

that the capture of certain insects by this plant was not for

their destruction, but to provide a proper nidus for their

eggs; and I more confidently believe this to be the case with

Aristotocuia saccata ; for in all the flowers of this plant

which I opened, I found many perfect eggs, and many

living maggots. Some insects wrap up their eggs in leaves;

to others this instinct is denied ; but protection is extended

to their race by what, imperfectly understood, has been

thought an act of unmixed cruelty.

Descr. Shrub volubile ; stems very long, slender, branch-

ed ; bark, when old, corky, Leaves (twelve to fifteen inches

long, four broad) scattered, ovato-cordate, attenuated at

the apex, slightly waved and sinuated, entire in the edges,

‘So mmmenae when young covered with brown hairs, which,

elow, aresilky, more dense, subappressed, and longer than

above, where they are more erect; leaves when old less

hairy,

hairy, rather by the extension of the surface, than by the

hairs being deciduous; middle-rib and primary veins pro-

minent on both surfaces, transverse reticulations only pro-

minent behind. Racemes arising from the stem near its

base, where the leaves have dropped, and quite in the shade

(even under the table in the stove) several-flowered, pendu-

lous, like the petiole and young branches densely covered

with brown hairs, which are reflexed on the last, but erecto-

adpressed on the first two. Flowers membranous, covered

with spreading hairs, pendulous; tube turned upwards in

the middle, the reflected portion being parallel to and in

contact with the other, yellowish-white within and without,

but having externally many nerves, smaller transverse reti-

culations, and small, elandular excrescences, all of a brick-

red colour, contracted a little above its base, (and below

this part, both within and without, of a dirty-red colour, and

having spread over its inner surface a covering of hairs sin-

gularly crystalline and ramified,) forming a large pouch,

where it is reflected, and in its erect portion again contract-

ed, flattened in front, and slightly clavate upwards, within

this portion, minutely glandular, but without any hairs ;

throat circular, placed vertically, of bright yellow colour,

with a narrow, erect margin ; limb narrow, before expan-

sion folded in three triangular divisions across the throat,

when expanded flat and obscurely three-lobed, on its upper

(anterior) surface dark purple, densely covered with erect

warts of similar colour; on its lower (posterior) surface

similar to the outer surface of the tube. Anthers six, yel-

low, two-celled, bursting along the front, oblong, sessile

upon the short, stout, clavate style ; pollen yellow, granules

nearly globular. Stigma of three acute, connivent lobes,

sending projections downwards upon the style, so as to

separate the stamens into pairs. _Germen inferior, slightly

clavate, furrowed, densely covered with erect, brown hairs. _

Ovules very numerous, horizontal. Graham.

Fig. 1. Pistil with Stamens :—Magnified.

Swan Se.

yon

S. Curtis, Glazenwood FssexMarl.185 3.

Pub. by

WFitdvDaA*

( 3641 )

CHENopopiIuM Quinoa. Userut Quinoa.

Se se eo

Class and Order.

Penranpria Dieynia.

( Nat. Ord.—CueEnopopeEz. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla nulla. Stamina 5. Styli 2

simplices, vel unicus stigmatibus 2. Semen unicum (orbi-

culare) superum, pellicula tenuissima tectum. Embryo

periphericus.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

CueEnoropium Quinoa ; foliis triangulari-ovatis sinuatis sub-

angulato - pinnatifidis glaucis, paniculis axillaribus

terminalibusque, floribus densissime glomeratis fari-

nosis.

Cuenoropium Quinoa. Willd. Sp. Pl.v.1. p.1301. Humb.

et Kunth, Gen. et Sp. 0.2. p.153. Spreng. Sp. Pl. v.

1. 9. 920, |

CuEnopopium folio sinuato saturate virente, vulgo Quinoa.

Feuill, Chil. p. 15. t. 10. ea he i

If the present plant boasts neither beautiful forms nor

gaudy colours to attract attention, it must be recollected,

that we have promised, besides handsome plants, represen-

tations of such as are of peculiar interest; and it is upon

that ground alone that we venture to figure a vegetable, as

unattractive in external aspect as are the Oraches and the

Goosefoot of the road-sides and waste places of our own

country. The interest of the Cuznopopium Quinoa arises

from this, that in the temperate regions of South America,

it is, like the Corn in Europe, the “ chief nourishment of

the people ;” with this difference, however, that it is not

made into bread. The seeds, with their pericarps—in su

words,

words, the little glossy fruits, are what are so extensivel

employed as an article of food on the Pacific side of South

America, from the temperate parts of the Andes to the coast,

although the cultivation seems to be chiefly confined to

the mountainous districts. _We learn from the “ Mémoires

d’Agriculture” for 1786, that there are few countries in

South America where the Quinoa is more used than in

Lima. Two principal methods are employed in preparing

it. Inthe one case, it is boiled in water like Rice or Oat-

meal, and a kind of gruel is the result ; in which the seeds

are described as floating in the liquid coiled up and looking

like little white worms. These are, no doubt, the spirally

curved embryos of the seed. It is seasoned in various ways,

chiefly with Pimento, and is much liked by those who are

accustomed to it; but others find it insipid, and such is

especially the case in Europe, where, at Edinburgh, our

excellent friend Dr. Nerxx, tried various methods of prepar-

ing this vegetable, but like his countrywoman, the worship-

ful Lady Pumpuraston, who, on receiving, about a century

ago, a pound of the finest Green Tea from China, as a rare

and valuable present, stewed the same with butter, and

served it up as sauce to a salted round of beef, and then

marvelled “‘ how folk could praise such worthless, fissen-

less stuff ;’’ so perhaps, from an equal deficiency in the

mode of cooking, our Edinburgh friend could not make

“ these foreign greens” palatable.

The second mode of preparation employed in South

America is called Carapulque, and is a favourite dish with

the ladies of Lima. The grains are slightly toasted like

Coffee, strained, and boiled in water, yieldmg a brown-

coloured bouillie, seasoned with spices as in the first method,

but it has so peculiar a flavor that few strangers like it.

Two kinds of Quinoa are, however, in use in South Ame-

rica; the one here figured with very pale fruits, called the

White, and the dark, red-fruited one, called the Red Quinoa.

The latter is chiefly cultivated in gardens for its medicinal

virtues ; its seeds bruised and boiled in water, form a bitter

decoction, which, mixed with sugar, is employed as a vul-

nerary for sores and bruises. Cataplasms are also made of

this variety. But the bitter principle may be removed, by

throwing away the water in which the seeds are infused.

Did the Quinoa constitute a food agreeable to the European

taste, it might be cultivated easily enough ; and if grown in

a rich soil, or upon the refuse of a hot-bed frame, as the

plant was from which the accompanying figure was taken,

it attains a height of four or five feet by the month of

July, and continues flowering and ripening seeds till cut

off by the autumnal frosts. Dr. Granam informs us, that

he has cultivated both kinds at Edinburgh. Father Frvu-

ILL¥E, in his travels in Peru and Chili, seems first to have

brought this plant into notice. Domsry, in 1779, sent

seeds to Paris, but they did not succeed ; nor are we aware

that it was known in a living state in Europe till within

these few years, when it was in cultivation first in Paris, and

since in England. Mr. Lamserr directed public attention

to it in 1834: and we are indebted at the Glasgow Botanic »

Garden to Joun M‘Lean, Esq., of Lima, for seeds, which

have increased most abundantly in the course of a single

ear.

: Descr. Herbaceous, annual. Stem erect, stout, much

furrowed and angled, three to four or even five feet high in

a good soil, much branched, the branches short, erect, but

little again divided. Leaves on rather long petioles, espe-

cially the lower ones, which are almost as large as the

human hand, triangular-ovate, sinuated with prominent

angles, almost pinnatifid, of a pale, rather glaucous hue,

the young ones pulverulent. Panicles numerous, axillary

and terminal, longer than the leaves, bearing innumerable

small green, densely-clustered flowers, pulverulent from co-

pious globular granules, which cover them externally.

Perianth of five lanceolate, concave leaves, which scarcely

expand, but at almost all seasons are connivent over the

stamens and pistils, Stamens five, shorter than the calyx

and opposite to its segments. Anthers yellow. Germen

globose, depressed. Style bipartite. Fruit a depresso-

globose achenium, with a slightly elevated point in the

centre. al

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. The same laid open. 3. Fruit, enveloped by the

Perianth. 4. Fruit (of the white var.) :—magnified.

“12

3G Z

Swan

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( 3642 )

MAMMILLARIA ATRATA. DARK-GREEN

MAMMILLARIA.

KEKE EEEREE EEE EEE

: Class and Order.

Tcosanpria. Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Cacrez. )

Generic Character.

Calycis tubus ovario adherens, lobi 5—6 colorati fructum

juniorem coronantes. Petala 5—25 a calyce vix distincta,

eo longiora et eum sepalis in tubum concreta. Stamina

filiformia pluriserialia. Stylus filiformis. Stigma 3—7-

- fidum radiatum. Bacca levis oblonga. Semina nidulantia.

Cotyledones minute acuminate.—Suffrutices carnosi subro-

tundi aut cylindracei, lactescentes aut succo limpido repleti,

aphylh, tuberculis subconicis mammeformibus spiraliter dis-

positis, apice spinulas radiantes et tomentum demum deci-

duum gerentibus obtecti.- Flores enter basin mammillarum

sessiles, sepius-in zonam transversam dispositi. Bacca

obovata edulis, calyce:marcescente demum. deciduo, coro-

nata. Pferff.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Mamnittaria atrata; simplex ovali-cylindracea, crassa,

mammillis grossis conicis subobtusis inferioribus com-

ee apice obtusis, areolis albo-villosis setosis, acu-

eis semiuncialibus rigidiusculis strictis subaqualibus

patentibus rufis demum albis, floribus sub apice inser-

tis copiosis, petalis Se eg patentibus.

Mammittaria atrata, Hort. Mack. sae

A beautiful plant, from the choice collection of Mr.

Mackie, at Lakenham, near Norwich, where, by that gen- _ =

tleman’s skilful management, it flowers in very high perfec-

tion. It will be seen by Preirrer’s useful “ Enumeratio

‘~

Cactearum,”

Cactearum,’’ that he refers the Mam™ittaria atrata of gar-

dens to the M. rhodantha, Linx and Orro, “ Hortus Beroli-

nensis ;” but from that our plant is wholly different; nor

do I find it characterized in any work to which I have

access. The drawing was kindly communicated by the

Messrs. Mackte ; but the native country does not appear to

be ascertained ; though probably Chili, from whence it is well

known that Mr. Hrrcutn, the former possessor of Mr. Mack-

1z’s collection, received many excellent Cacrez. As I have

not had the advantage of seeing the living plant, I abstain

from offering any description, which could no way illus-

trate so excellent a figure as that which is here given.

JCL3

WFitch delt Pub. by S. Gods. Glaxenwood Fesex, Mar 1.1838. : Swarr Ser?

( 3643 )

DENDROBIUM AGGREGATUM. CLOSE-FLOW-

- ERED DENDROBIUM.

KKK KEK KEKE KKK EEE KEE EK

Class and Order.

GynanpDRiA Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—OnrcuipeEz. )

Generic Character.

Sepala membranacea, erecta vel patentia, lateralibus ma-

joribus obliquis cum basi producta columnez connatis.

Petala sepalo supremo seepius majora, nunc minora, semper

membranacea. Labellum cum pede columnz articulatum

vel connatum, semper sessile, indivisum vel trilobum,

sepius membranaceum, nunc appendiculatum. Columna

semiteres, basi longe producta. Anthera bilocularis. Pol-

linia 4, per paria collateralia—Herbe epiphyte, nune cau-

lescentes, nunc rhizomate repente pseudo-bulbifero. Folia

plana, sepius venosa. Flores solttaru fasciculati vel race-

mosi speciost. Lindl.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Denprogium aggregatum; pseudo-bulbis cespitosis mono-

phyllis ovatis sulcatis stipitatis cuticulo cinereo vesti-

tis, foliis oblongis emarginatis coriaceis nervosis, ra-

cemo laterali cernuo multifloro fere duplo brevioribus,

petalis ovatis sepalo latioribus, labello subintegerrimo

latiore quam longo basi concavo pubescente.

Denprogium aggregatum. Roxb. Fl. Ind. v. 3. p. 477.

Lindl. in Wall. Cat. Bot. Reg. t. 1695.

The plant was received at the Botanic Garden, Edin-

burgh, from Wentworth, the seat of Earl Firzwix1am, in

1836, and flowered in the beginning of May, 1837. It is

handsome ; but its blossoms quickly expand, and they pro-

bably last but a short while, in which case, they will be £

much yo

much less ornamental than the Oncrpiums, which flower

with us at the same time, but whose individual blossoms

are in beauty for many days.

Descr. Pseudo-bulbs (two inches long) ovate, crowded,

having about eight broad shallow grooves, and as many pro-

minent subacute ridges, loosely covered with a gray, shin-

ing, wrinkled cuticle, and marked with two transverse lines

(jomts), the outer stipitate. Leaf solitary, oblong, coria-

ceous, obscurely nerved, emarginate, and somewhat une-

qual at the apex, attenuated at the base, twice as long as

the bulb. Raceme (six inches long) protruded laterally

from the upper joint, cernuous, many-flowered, lax. Flow-

ers springing from the axil of a small, acute bractea, orange-

coloured, darkest towards the base of the lip ; sepals ovate,

united at their base, where the two lowest form a little

pouch behind the base of the lip; petals ovate, broader

and longer than the sepals, on short claws ; lip broader than

long, entire in the middle, ciliated towards the base, slightly

undulate, concave at their base, and excavated over

the point of its insertion into the base of the column, mi-

nutely pubescent in front. Colwmn short, streaked with

red in front, having a truncated scale near its base, scarce-

ly hollowed at the stigma, toothed at each side of the

anther, and in the centre behind affording attachment to

the bilocular, greenish anther-case ; pollen-masses sessile,

each grooved along the centre. Graham.

Fig. 1. Column and Sepals. 2. Lip:—magnified.

( 3644 )

CoLLETIA HORRIDA. BrisTLING CoOLLETIA.

KEKE KEKEKEKEKEEEEEEEE

Class and Order.

Pentanpria Monoeyntia.

( Nat. Ord.—Ruamneaz. )

_ Generic Character.

Calyx campanulatus, membranaceus, coloratus. Petala

o, vel minutissima, linearia. Stamina antheris ovatis bilo-

cularibus vel reniformibus unilocularibus. Discus brevis,

cu formis, fundo calycis adnatus. Ovarium liberum,

triloculare. Stylus simplex, elongatus. Fructus basi caly-

cis tubo persistente cinctus, tricoccus, dehiscens. Semina

sessilia. Brongn.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Couteria * horrida ; spinis yalidis, florum fasciculis sparsis,

calycibus ovato-cylindraceis, antheris subsessilibus.

Coxtuetia horrida. Brongn. in Ann. des Sc. Nat. v. 10, p.

366. t. 14. f. 1. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1776. (non Willd.)

Coretia ferox. Gill. et Hook. Bot. Mise. v. 1. p. 154. t.

A4. B.

A singular but not very ornamental plant, belonging toa

Genus remarkable for its spinescent character, natives of the

temperate, and chiefly extratropical parts of South America;

growing in sandy places, and seeming to occupy such spots

as the Whin or Furze does with us. Leaves only exist

in young plants, or the tender shoots; in age they seem

almost made up of spines ; but in none in so extraordinary

* Named in compliment to a French Botanist of the name of CoLLET, of

whom little is known, except that he studied the plants of Brazil,

the system of the celebrated TouRNEFORT.

VOL. XI. Cc

a manner as in the C. cruciata, Hoox. et Girt. Bot. Misc.

v. 1. p. 152. t. 43, which was found by Dr. Gites near

Maldonado, in the Banda Oriental. It is a mass of oppo-

site, decussated and decurrent, large, lateral, compressed

spines, of a dark green colour, but woody and exceedingly

rigid. Our present species is of a much milder character,

yet so rigid as to be used in its native country, Chili and

Mendoza, instead of brooms, whence it has, with many other

such plants, received the Spanish name of retinilla. Ina

warm and dry situation it survives our English winters ;

and the drawing here made by Mrs. Pore was sent by Mr.

Curtis, in whose garden, we believe, it flourished, blossom-

ing in June.

Descr. A small, tufted bush, with innumerable spinous

branches, the spines simple or divided, very generally tri-

partite, terete, clothed with a soft green bark. Leaves are

only borne by the younger shoots, and are small, opposite,

ovate, serrated, glabrous on short petioles. Flowers from

the axils of the spines in the upper part of the branches,

fasciculated, drooping. Peduncles scarcely half an inch

long. Calyx white, externally tinged with green and rose

colour, ovato-cylindrical, the mouth a little spreading, cut

into five recurved segments, lined within, at the base, with

a fleshy disk, involute at the margin, where a separation

takes place as the fruit ripens. Stamens five. Anthers

sessile, roundish-reniform, opening, as it were, with two

unequal lips. Germen globose; Style shorter than the

calyx ; Stigma small, three-cleft. .

W. Pitch Deb ® Prabha © Gurtis Glazenwvad Essex Marl.1838 .

( 3645 )

PENTSTEMON DIFFUSUS. SPREADING

PENTSTEMON.

KEKE EEK EKER ERK EKER EE

Class and Order.

DipynamiA ANGIOSPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord.—ScropuutarineEx. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla bilabiata, ventricosa. Rudi-

mentum filamenti quinti superne barbatum. Capsula bilo-—

cularis. i

Specific Character and Synonyms.

PeENTsTEMON diffusus ; ramosus diffusus, foliis inferioribus

lato-ovatis petiolatis superioribus sensim minoribus

sessilibus acuminatis omnibus grosse inzqualiter serra-

tis, panicula foliosa, laciniis calycinis tubo corolle

3-plo brevioribus lanceolatis serratis.

Pentstemon diffusus. Dougl. Journ. ined. Lindl. Bot.

Reg. t. 1132. Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. v. 2. p. 95.

A very handsome species, of a beautiful, and now, thanks

to the labours of its discoverer, extensive Genus. Noa

less than twenty-three are enumerated as inhabiting the

British Possessions in North America, of which seventeen

were new discoveries of Mr. Doveras. His success was

almost equally great in California, and others, and very

splendid species indeed, are found to inhabit the warmer

parts of the United States and Mexico. The present is a

native of the mouth of the Columbia River, and was intro-

duced by the Horticultural Society in 1827. It flowers

through the summer and autumnal months.

Descr. A hardy herbaceous plant, with perennial root.

Stems spreading, two and even three feet high, glabrous, as

is every part of the plant. Leaves ovate, all of them very

coarsely and unequally serrated, the lower ones tapering

into a footstalk, the rest sessile, gradually becoming smaller

and more acuminated on the upper part of the stem. Pe-

duncles two and three inches long, leafy upwards, and

bearing a corymbé of three to five or six large purple flowers.

These peduncles arise from the axils of the leaves in the

upper part of the plant, so that the inflorescence may be

described as a large, leafy panicle. Calyx about one-third

the length of the tube of the corolla, its segments lanceo-

late, serrated. Corolla with the throat inflated, the limb

two-lipped, the upper lip with two, the lower with three

nearly equal lobes. Stamens included. Barren filament

rather longer than the tube, bearing a conspicuous white

tuft of hairs.

Fig. 1. Calyx with a portion of the Corolla, bearing the Stamens, and in-

eluding the Pistil :—magnified.

3OLO

Wkitch del? Lub. by S.Curtis Glaxerewood Essex Mar. 1.1838. Swan Se

€ 3646 )

MAMMILLARIA TENUIS. TAPER Mam-

MILLARIA. ;

KR KKK EE KEE EEE EEE EE EK

Class and Order.

Icosanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Cacrez. )

Generic Character.

Calycis tubus ovario adherens, lobi 5—6 colorati fructum

juniorem coronantes. Petala 5—25 a calyce vix distincta,

eo longiora et cum sepalis in tubum concreta. Stamina

filiformia pluriserialia. Stylus filiformis. Stigma 3—7-

fidum radiatum. Bacca levis oblonga. Semina nidulantia.

Cotyledones minute acuminate.—Suffrutices carnosi subro-

tundi aut cylindracei, lactescentes aut succo limpido repleti,

aphylli, tuberculis subconicis mammeformibus spiraliter dis-

positis, apice spinulas radiantes et tomentum demum deci-

duum gerentibus obtecti. Flores inter basin mammillarum

sessiles, sepius im zonam transversam dispositi. Bacca

obovata edulis, calyce marcescente demum deciduo, coro-

nata. Pfeiff.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Mammittiaria tenuis ; basi sepe multiplex, cylindracea, ax-

illis angustis nudis, mammillis ovatis, areola juniorum

sublanata, aculeis setiformibus 20—25 flavidis radian-

tibus mammilla paulo longioribus, centralibus nullis.

Mammittaria tenuis. De Cand. Rev. des Cact. p. 110.

Mém. p. 4. t. 1. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1523. Prfeiff.

Enum. Cact. p. 6.

This is no doubt a variable plant. The specimen to

which De Canpotte applied the name, though as tall as

the one here figured, was only five lines in diameter. Of

the beautiful little group to which this belongs, four kinds

| were

were discovered in Mexico, M. echinaria, subcrocea, inter-

texta, and the present one, all of De Canpotte, but these

four, that able traveller, Dr. Counter, who had the oppor-

tunity of studying them in their native soil, considers, con-

trary to the opinion of De Canpo1te, as but forms of one and

the same species, Indeed the M. densa of Linx and Orro,

Hort. Berol. t. 35, (var. 8. of M. echinata, according to

PreirFer,) can scarcely be distinguished from this, but by

its rather large mamme, and longer and straighter spines.

Be that as it may, the present plant is one of great beauty

and of very curious structure. The aculei are so closely

placed and so regular and delicate, that they seem to clothe

the plant with a fine cobwebby substance. The specimen

from which the present drawing was taken, flowered in the

stove of the Glasgow Botanic Garden in the month of May.

It grows freely, and is readily increased by offsets.

Descr. Plant two to four inches high, and an inch or

more in diameter, cylindrical, or a little tapering upwards,

throwing out copious nearly globose offsets from the sides,

especially at the base. The whole is covered with mam-

mille of an hemispherical form, green, about a quarter of an

inch in diameter, each tipped with a tuft of white down, from

which diverges a cluster of about twenty slender, recurvo-

patent aculei, nearly as long as the mammille, at first red-

dish, then yellowish or pale tawny. From below the sum-

mit and froin all sides indifferently, spring the flowers,

solitary, small, and campanulate, they are pale straw-

coloured, slightly externally tinged with red.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Pistil :—magnified.

L\ } SY

for /.1L838

wt, bu St wurde

( 3647 )

MAMMILLARIA FLORIBUNDA. Copious-

FLOWERING MAMMILLARIA.

KEK KEE KEKE EEEE EKER KEKE

Class and Order.

Icosanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Cacrez. )

Generic Character.

Calycis tubus ovario adherens, lobi 5—6 colorati fructum

juniorem coronantes. Petala 5—25 a calyce vix distincta,

eo longiora et cum sepalis in tubum conereta. Stamina

filiformia pluriserialia. Stylus filiformis. Stigma 3—7-

fidum radiatum. Bacca levis oblonga. Semina nidulantia.

Cotyledones minute, acuminate.—Suffrutices carnosi sub-

rotundi aut cylindracei, lactescentes aut succo limpido repleti,

aphylli, tuberculis subconicis mammeformibus spiraliter dis-

positis, apice spinulas radiantes et tomentum demum deci-

duum gerentibus obtectt. Flores inter basin mammillarum

sessiles, sepius in zonam transversam dispositi. Bacca obo-

vata edulis, calyce marcescente demum deciduo, coronata.

Pfeiff.

Specific Name and Character.

Mammnitiaria floribunda; simplex subdeformis globoso-

subcylindracea, mammillis grossis conico-hemispheri-

cis obtusis, areolis villoso-tomentosis, aculeis 14—16

validis strictis subequalibus viridi -fuscis, floribus

copiosissimis, petalis valde inzqualibus interioribus

erectis.

This really fine Mammitiarra was imported by Mr.

Hircuin from Chili, and passed with the rest of that gentle-

man’s rich collection of Cacrez into the hands of Messrs.

Mackie of the Norwich Nursery, who kindly sent the beau-

tiful figure here represented. I do not find it any where

described ;

described ; indeed, we cannot but regret how few of the

many Cacrez# noticed by Travellers as inhabiting the

Pacific side of extra-tropical America; have been yet intro-

duced to our gardens. The early writers on Cactez erred

in considering the Cacrez as almost peculiar to the warmer

parts of the tropics, and curiosity was much excited when

Dr. Gites sent from Mendoza (lat. 33° 25” S.) no less than

twenty-two species. The distinguished Traveller and Nat-

uralist, Mr. C. Darwin, found “ Cacti abundant, and of a

large size, at Rio-Negro in latitude 41° S. :”” and one spe-

cies, Opuntia Darwinii, HENstow, was seen by that gentle-

man so far South as Port St. Julian in lat. 49° S., though

more abundant in Patagonia, at Port Desire, lat. 47° S.,

where the climate indeed is remarkably dry and clear, hot

m summer, but with sharp frosts during the winter nights.

The present species I have no opportunity of describing

particularly. It will be at once seen that in some charac-

ters it approaches our M. atrata (t. 3642) differing, howe-

ver, abundantly in its stouter habit, larger, and less closely

placed, and more projecting mammille, the stouter and

coarser aculei, larger flowers, and very unequal petals,

which are moreover of a paler red colour, yellowish in their

lower half.

2048

Wittch ded PuZ by S. Curtis” Clatbnedad 5 Es pe ee sie

Swart Se:

( 3648 )

CYMBIDIUM TRISTE. LurRID-FLOWERED

CyMBIDIUM.

Class and Order.

“Gynanpria Monanprtia.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuinez. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium explanatum, petalis sepalisque subzequa-

libus liberis. Labellum sessile, liberum, ecalcaratum, con-

cavum, cum basi columnz nunc articulatum, nunc levyiter

connatum, indivisum vel trilobum. Coluwmna erecta, sermi-

teres. Anthera bilocularis. Pollinia 2, sepius postice

biloba, in glandulam subtriangularem subsessilia. Lind.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Cymerpium triste; foliis teretibus, racemo axillari subses-

sili, sepalis oblongis equalibus 3 superioribus conni-

vetibus, labello trilobo lobis lateralibus abbreviatis

terminali transverso cordato.

Cymeipium triste. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 4. p. 99. Lindl.

Orchid. p. 167. Spreng. Syst. Veg. v. 3. p. 722.

Epipenprvuo triste. Forst. Prodr. n. 314.

Epipenprvo teres. Thunb,

Luista teretifolia. Gaudich. Voy. Part. Bot. p. 437. t. 47.

Vanpa? trichorhiza. Hook. Ex. Fl. t. 72.

A very remarkable Eripnyre, though destitute of the

udy flowers which distinguish so many individuals of this

family. It is a native of various countries in the South-

eastern portion of the Old World, as New Caledonia, (where

it was first discovered by Forster during the celebrated

voyage of Captain Cook,) the Mariane Islands, Japan,

Ceylon, and Neal It was introduced from the latter

country to our stoves by Dr. Watticu, and our first geeks

ledge of it was derived from a plant which flowered at the

Liverpool Botanic Garden several years ago, and we then

referred it doubtfully to the Genus Vanna. Our present

figure was taken from a plant that blossomed in Mr. Hors-

FALL'S rich collection at Everton.

Descr. Stem eight to ten inches high, throwing out

strong fibres from the base, which appear to be sometimes

clothed with a woolly substance. Leaves three to four or

five inches long, terete, fleshy, green. Flowers in a short,

sessile raceme, from the axil of a leaf, drooping. Sepals

oblong, concave, fleshy, purplish-yellow, the three upper

ones connivent over the column, while the two lower ones

are situated under the lip. ip large in proportion to the

size of the blossom, of a very rich deep purple hue, three-

lobed, the lateral lobes obsolete, the terminal one broader

than long, cordate. Column short, pale green, partially

mottled with purple. Anther-case tawny. Pollen-masses

yellow.

Fig. 1. Front view of a Flower. 2, Column and Anther. 3. Anther-

case. 4. Pollen-masses :—magnified.

Swan Se.

Pub. by S. Curtis Glazenmord Essex Apr. L158 38. :

W. FitchDelt

nephew, Dr. Wi1u14m Barton, in an animated and interest-

( 3649 )

BARTONIA AUREA. GoLDEN BARTONIA.

KKK KKK KEKE KKK EKKEK EERE

Class and Order.

Icosanpria _Monoeynta.

_( Nat. Ord.—Loaszz. )

Generic Character.

Calycis tubus cylindraceus arcte ovarium vestiens, sed

forsan liber ; limbus 5-partitus persistens. Petala 10 un-

guiculata calyce mserta. Stamina innumera (200—250)

cum petalis inserta, iis breviora, filamentis liberis, externis

interdum sterilibus, antheris oblongis. Stylus filiformis

striis 3—7 spiralibus notatus et inde stylis 5—7 omnino

convexis et spiraliter tortis constans. Capsula oblonga,

1-locularis, 3—7-valvis, placentis totidem seminum series 2

gerentibus. Semima compressa numerosa,—Herbe pilis

barbatis rigidis tenacibusque pubescentes. Folia alterna in-

terrupte pinnatifida. Flores terminales solitarii ampli albi

(vel lutez).

Specific Character and Synonym.

Bartonia aurea ; foliis ovato-lanceolatis simpliciter pinna-

tifidis laciniis nferiorum grosse serratis, bracteis ovatis

pinnatifidis flores obvallantibus, petalis 5 obovatis cus-

pidatis, filamentis numerosissimis omnibus filiformi-

bus. Lindl.

Bartonia aurea. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1831.

Barronza is exclusively an American Genus, and as the

author of it (Nurraui) justly observes, one of the most sin-

gular and splendid of that vast Continent. It commemo-

rates thename of Dr. Bensamin Smrru Barron, of Philadel-

phia, Professor of Botany in the University of that city,

and author of “ Elements of Botany” (of which an English

edition appeared in 1804), and of “ Fragments of the Nat.

History of Pennsylvania.” Sir James E. Smrra says of him

that, “‘ after many exertions and several publications in the

cause of Natural Science, he died of hydrothorax, on the

19th of December, 1815, in the fiftieth year of his age. His

ing ‘ Biographical Sketch’ of his character and pursuits,

has preserved some account of the plants which compose

this Genus, written by the late Professor three or four days

before his death, and accompanied by many particulars

relative to Mr. Purso and Mr. Norratt, through whose

means it has come to the knowledge of European Botanists ;

all which evince a love of Science, which the most painful

bodily sufferings could not repress.”

The Genus was founded on the Barron1a ornata, Pursu

and Nurratt (B: decapetala, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1487,) and

it truly deserved the name on account of its very large white

and handsome blossoms, each of ten petals, an inhabitant of

the Missouri. To this Nurratn added, from the same

country, B. nuda, aspecies from the same locality, and with

a similar habit, but with smaller flowers. Mr. Dovetas in

his first expedition to North-west America found three new

species on the Columbia, which I had the satisfaction of

publishing in the Flora Bor. Americana, B. levicaulis, (with

a figure, t. 69,) B. parviflora, and B. albicaulis :—and in his

second visit to those regions, he had the singular good for-

tune to discover this, the most showy of the whole, having

golden, not white (as the rest of the species) flowers, near

Monteréy, in California, and he sent home seeds in 1834.

The Horticultural Society has liberally distributed the

seeds, which, proving perfectly hardy, the plant is now

found in gardens very remote from the metropolis, even in

_ the Highlands of Argyleshire. Its flowers continued with

us in succession and in great beauty from J uly till October.

This is perhaps the only species of Bartonsa that has ever

flowered in Britain, (Dr. Sims’ B. decapetala having been

drawn from a dried specimen,) and it is probably a mis-

understanding on the part of Pursn, that the flowers open

“only during the night ;” and this has-been noticed as a

character of the Genus. Nurran says the blossoms expand

towards sunset. This is certain, that those species disco-

vered by Dovexas, have their flowers expanded only during

the hot sunshine.

Descr. Root annual. Stem two to three feet high, branched and

straggling, succulent, scabrous. Leaves lanceolate, pinnatifid, the seg-

ments entire or coarsely serrated; smaller ones, or bracteas, immediately

surround the calyx, but they do not so completely conceal them as in B.

ornata. Peduncles axillary, each bearing two or three flowers, of which

only one expands at a time. Calyz of five lanceolate segments, much

shorter than the petals, Corolla of five large, bright yellow, obcordate

petals, red at the base. Stamens numerous, the outer ones much the

longest. -Anthers twisted after the pollen is discharged. Germen in-

ferior, furrowed. Style filiform. aif

_ ~ Fig. 1. Calyx and Pistil. ‘2, Portion of a Stamen with ect Anther. 3. Outer, and a

_ 4, inner Stamen, with the Anthers twisted in names’. ey ‘

W Pitch ded? Lub By S

(ty, Me a7 y ad F,

Curtis: Claserwoed Busex. dprllé3s Oe Swat ce

: Swan

( 3650 )

LOPHOSPERMUM SCANDENS. CLIMBING

LopPpHOSPERMUM.,

eskeskeskeobsbaokokobobabakakeobabeabesbaksbeabeale

Class and Order.

DipynamiA ANGIOSPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord.—ScrorHutaRineZz. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla campanulata; limbo 5-lobo,

subequali. Capsula bilocularis, irregulariter dehiscens.

Semina imbricata, membranaceo-alata.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Lornospermum scandens ; foliis cordatis grosse inequali-

terque dentatis tenuissime glanduloso-pubescentibus,

calycis segmentis oblongis apice attenuatis, corolla

extus nuda lobis inferioribus erectis.

LopuospermMum scandens. Don, in Linn. Soc. Trans. 15.

353, (not Don in Sw. Br. Fl. Gard. t. 68, nor Bot.

Mag. t. 3037, 3038, which is now L. erubescens. Don.)

Henslow, in the Botanist, No. 17.

This plant, though only lately introduced, is easily cul-

tivated, either in the open air or in the greenhouse, and has,

with the LopHospermum erubescens, and the Ruopocuiron

volubile, even, within a few months, given a character to

our trellises as new, as that imparted a few years ago to

our greenhouses, by the introduction of the Fuchsias, Cal-

ceolarias, and the varieties of the genus SaxpicLossis.

Descr. Plant herbaceous, scandent by its petioles,

with long slender branches, everywhere, excepting on the

outside of the corolla, finely glanduloso-pubescent. Leaves

(an inch and three quarters broad, two and a half long)

opposite below, alternate above, petiolate, gepinen.

subacute,

Vou. XU. F

subacute, coarsely and unequally toothed, of lively green

above, paler below, seven-nerved, nerves prominent below,

channelled above, teeth mucronate!“ Petioles: as long as

the leaves, grooved: above. .. Peduneles. solitary,, axillary,

single-flowered, erect, reaching beyond the middle of the

leaf. Calym, five-partite,.. segments (one.inch Jong, five

lines broad) oblong, slightly cordate at the base, attenuated

and connivent at the apex, projecting outwards along their

edges, entire, slightly undulate, subequal, the lowest rather

the shortest. Corolla twice as:long:as the calyx, funnel-

shaped, purplish-rose-coloured, obscurely dotted on its

outside, but without pubéseerice; ‘be white, especially

on its lower side, flattish above, with two grooves below,

dilated and angular where.it:covers the, germen ; limb five-

lobed, uppermost lobes largest, subacute, reflected, slightly

pubescent within, lowermost blunt, erect; the:middle one

the smallest,:and from its base on each side proceeds, to the

origin of the longer stamens, an elevated line corresponding

with the groove on the outside, and covered with short erect

coarse hairs, yellow only towards the limb; ‘and much less

dense. than in Loryospermum erubescens. «Stamens four;

didynamous; as long as the tube, from the base of which

they arise, and to which they are adherent till they pass'the

germen, above which they are free, and hairy for a little

way, higher up glabrous, sprinkled with afew. colourless

glands only towards the anthers; anthers cream -coloured,

lobes diverging below; and. bursting along the face; pollen

granules minute:» A’) minute: tuft \of ‘hairs between: the

shorter ‘stamens, and>a dittle below the: part at which they

become free, is the rudiment of a fifth stamen. Pistil as

long as the shorter:stamens ;::germen small, conical, green,

seated upon a yellowish obscurely lobed glabrous disk ;

style continuous, straight, in “contact. with the‘upper’ side

of the tube, glabrous, bent ‘nearly tovaright angle imme-

diately below the stigma.-° Oviiles very many!° Graham.

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( 3651 )

CEREUS. PENTALOPHUS; subarticulatus, _Frve-

WINGED CEREUS, somewhat jointed var.

Class and Order.

IcosanpriA Monoeynia.

(Nat. Ord.—Cacrez.)

088 Generic Character.

_ Sepala numerosissima imbricata; basi ovario adnata, in

tubum elongatum concreta, exteriora breviora. calycinalia,

medio longiora colorata, intima petaliformia: | Stamina

numerosissima cum tubo concreta. Stylus filiformis, apice

multifidus. Bacca areolata, sepalorum reliquiis squamata

aut tuberculosa. Cotyledones acuminate#.—Frutices carnosi

subglobost: vel elongati, strict, articulati vel repentes, axi

ligneo interne medullifero donati, angulis verticalibus spina-

rum fasciculos gerentibus vel inermibus regulariter. sulcati.

Anguli sew ale:nunc plurime, nunc paucissime,-rarius duo

tantum, et tunc rami compresso-alati inermes. Flores ampli

e spinarum fasciculis lateralibus trunet aut ramorum vetus-

tiorum, aut crems angulorum orti.. Fructus oviformes, ple-

rumque anno sequente maturescentes, edules: Pfeiff.

‘Specific Char rracter anil Synony onyms.

Cereus, pentalophus ; erectus cinereo-viridis obtusus, costis

5 -verticalibus obtusis,. fasciculis approximatis, areo-

la juniore yelutiva, aculeis 5—7 setaceis divergentibus,

junioribus albido-flavidis, adultis griseis.

Cereus pentalophus. De Cand. Rev. des Cact. p. 117.

Pfeiff. Enum. Cact. p. 101. ;

(«.) simplex ; caule simplice, sinubus latis obtusis, costis

parum prominulis, aculeis albidis, areolis subnudis.

Cereus propinquus. De Cand. _

(8.) subarticulatus ; caule ramosissimo subarticulato, costis

irregularibus subrepandis vel tuberosis, sinubus angus-

tioribus, aculeis junioribus flavescentibus, areolis

albo-lanatis. Pfed/f-

Cereus leptacanthus. DC. (Tab. nostr. Tab. 3651.)

C. pentalophus, with its varieties above quoted from Dr

CanpDo_Le, was discovered by Dr. Coutrer in Mexico, but

it does not appear from the descriptions that its flowers

were known previous to the blossoming of the present in-

dividual in Mr. Macxte’s collection at Norwich. The

flower is exceedingly handsome, of a fine rose colour,

paler and almost white in the centre, where are the yellow

anthers, and rising above them is the cluster of dark blue-

green styles. The germen is prickly like the stem.

AME. eet.

Ur Fg re a x ‘

W Fitch ded Fue by JS, Guartts

Glazenwood Esse Apr. 1 1833 Swarr Se

( 3652 )

KENNEDYA NIGRICANS. DINGY-FLOWERED

KENNEDYA.

KEKE KEK KEKE EKER EEE ERE

Class and Order.

DiapetpHia Decanpris.

( Nat. Ord.—Leeuminosz. )

Generic Character.

Calyx bilabiatus, labio superiore bidentato, inferiore

trifido equali. Corolla papilionacea, vexillo recurvo a

carina non reflexo. Stamina diadelpha. Stigma obtusum.

Legumen lineare compressum isthinis cellulosis transversis

multiloculare. Semina strophiolata.—Frutices Nove Hol-

landie volubiles. Pedunculi axillares. Flores rubri aut

violacet, vexillo basi bimaculato.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Kennepya nigricans ; foliolis ovatis retusis solitariis terna-

tisve, racemis simplicibus, floribus erectis secundis,

carina recta vexillo sublongiore, alis apicibus patenti-

bus, calycibus villosis basi angustatis. é

Kennepya nigricans. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1715.

Our specimens of this New Holland climber, sent both

by Messrs. Lows, of Clapton, and from the Edinburgh

Botanic Garden, differ from the figure given of it by Pro-

fessor Linptey in having the leaves altogether simple, and

the flowers of a much deeper colour, almost approaching

to black, forming a striking contrast with the rich scarlet-

blossomed species which abound in the same country. :

Descr. A _ twining shrub, attaining a_ considerable

height, more or less pubescent. Leaves in our specimens

simple, large, broadly ovate, almost cordate at the base,

retuse at the apex, sometimes ternate on the same branch.

Stipules

Stipules small, ovate, pointed. Peduncles axillary, much

longer than the petiole, bearing a raceme of erect, secund

flowers. Pedicels about as long as the calyx, which latter

is hairy with dusky pubescence. Corolla dark, black-

purple. Vexillum oblong, remarkably retrofracted, pale

yellow in the disk. Wings as long as the keel, narrow,

the extremities spreading. Keel nearly straight. Stamens

ten, diadelphous. Style a little longer than the stamens,

Stigma small, capitate.

( 3653 )

ReEHMANNIA Cuinensis. CHINESE REuH-

MANNIA.

ERK KEK KEK KEK EERE ER ER

Class and Order.

DipynAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord.—ScropuHunarinE&. )

Generic Character.

Calyx campanulatus, 5-fidus. Corolla ringens, tubulo-

so-ventricosa ; limbo 5-lobo, lobis subequalibus 2 superi-

oribus reflexis. Stamina didynama. Anthere terminales,

loculis divergentibus muticis. Stigma bilamellatum. Cap-

sula ovata, polysperma, unilocularis, bivalvis; valvulis in

media parte septiferis, marginibus liberis. Semina albu-

minosa, ovata, membrana spongiosa reticulata involuta.

Fisch. |

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Reumannia* Chinensis. Fisch. et Meyer, Ind. Sem. Hort.

Petrop. p. 36. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1960.

ResmanniA glutinosa. Libosch in Herb. Imp. Petrop.

GerarpiA glutinosa. Bunge Enum. Plant. Chin. p. 49.

(not Linn.)

Dierraus glutinosa. Gaertn. in Nov. Commen. Acad. Imp.

Petrop. v. 14. p. 544. t. 20.

This interesting plant is a native of walls and of waste

and mountainous places about Pekin, where it was collected

by Dr. Buyer, now Professor of Botany at Kasan, who

accompanied the Ecclesiastical Russian Mission to China.

The result of his botanical researches there were given in

a work entitled “ Enumeratio Plantarum, quas in China

| _ Boreali

* Probably named in compliment to a Botanist of the name of REHMANN,

Boreali collegit Dr. Au. Buyer, Anno 1831.” On his return,

he explored the Altaic Mountains with such success as to

be rewarded by the discovery of three hundred and fifty

species of plants, including many new ones, and which will

form a valuable supplement to the already extensive Flora

of that country, published by Dr. Leprsour. Treated as

a hardy greenhouse plant, Reamannia Sinensis flowers

readily in the early summer. Its blossoms vary somewhat

in size and in colour, as may be seen by a comparison of

our figure with that of Professor Linp.ey.

Descr. Pubescenti-hirsute. Stem from a span to a foot

high, erect, weak, tinged with purple, branched at the base.

Leaves obovate, alternate, tapering into a short stalk at

the base, acute, remotely and coarsely subinciso-serrate,

somewhat shining, wrinkled with veins: lower petioles

about an inch long. Pedunecles axillary, solitary, from

almost every leaf, single-flowered, longer than the leaf.

Calyx tube oval, inflated, striated with ten elevated lines,

the limb of five recurved ovate segments, of which the

two lower ones are set more apart than the rest. Corolla

large, handsome, yellowish-buff, deeply tinged at the mouth

and upper part of the tube both within and without;

dark purple, hairy all over; the tube remarkably com-

pressed, the limb large, spreading, two-lipped, upper lip of

two, lower of three oval, obtuse, emarginate lobes, marked

with reticulated veins as in Hyoscyamus. Stamens and style

quite included. Filaments four, didynamous, yellow,

spotted with purple, not half the length of the corolla, and

arising from near its base. Anthers of two diverging,

oblong cells. Germen ovate, green, inserted on an annu-

lar disk, one-celled with two parietal placente, bearing

two lobes with numerous ovules. Style reaching the

height of the stamens. Stigma two-lipped, as in Mimu.vs.

Wo Aide de7t

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( 3654 )

Acavre Americana; var. foliis variegatis. GREAT

American ALoE; with variegated leaves.

SEK KKK KKK KK EEKEEEK

Class and Order.

Hexanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Brome.iscez. )

Generic Character.

Corolla infundibuliformis, basi tubulosa; limbo erecto,

6-partito, equali. Stamina exserta, summo tubi inserta ;

filamentis longis, subulatis, compressis, suberectis. An-

there magne, lineares, versatiles. Stylus filiformis, subtri-

gonus. Stigma capitato-trigonum. Capsula oblonga v.

obovata, subtrigona, trilocularis, polysperma. Semina

numerosissima, biserialia, plana.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Acave * Americana ; foliis dentato-spinosis, scapo ramoso,

tubo corolla medio angustato, staminibus corolla lon-

gioribus stylo subbrevioribus.

Acave Americana. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 461. Ruiz et Pav.

Fl. Peruv. v. 3. p. 66. Humb. et Bonpl. Nov. Gen. v.

1. p. 238. Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 438. Roem. et Sch.

Syst. Veget. v. 7. p. 722. Spr. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 78.

Var. 6. folioruam marginibus flavis. ( Tab. nostr. 3654.) ~

The Aloe, that Patriarch of the Flowers, which “ blooms

once in a hundred years, and whose blossoms then are

developed with such rapidity, as to occasion an explosion

resembling the firing of a cannon,” is the theme of a tale.

that all have heard from their infancy, and to which many _

still give credence. In regard to the age at which the plants

flower, that is extremely uncertain, and depends much a.

* From wyavoc, admirable, on account of the stateliness and grandeur of

_ this plant.

the health and vigour of the individuals, and the degree of

heat to which they have been exposed. Many live toa great

age, and appear never to flower at all. In warm climates

twenty-five or thirty years, and, probably, a much shorter

period is sufficient to bring them to perfection. The most

remarkable instance on record of the early flowering of the

American Aloe is that detailed by Mr: Hawngrns in the Trans-

actions of the Horticultural Society, v. 4. p. 389. This took

place in the open ground, at Woodville, near Salcombe,

Devonshire, the residence of the late James Yates, Esq., and

considering that the plant is a native of South America,

more especially within the tropics, it.tells more for the mild-

ness of that part of England, than any circumstance that

could be mentioned. The Aloe was planted in 1804, when

it was only about’six inches high, and then two or three years

old, within a few yards of the sea-shore, yet elevated forty

or fifty feet above the level of the water, where it never had

any cover, shelter, manure, or cultivation. In 1812, it was

more than five feet high, and it grew during that summer,

nearly the eighth of an inch daily. In 1820 it measured

between ten and eleven feet in height, and covered’a space,

the diameter of which was sixteen feet ; its leaves, close to

the stem, being nearly nine inches thick. In the beginning

of June of that year, a stem made. its appearance, resem-

bling a head of Asparagus, of immense size, which, during

six weeks grew at the rate of three inches a-day, and then

gradually diminished in progress ; but not till it had attain-

ed the elevation of tweuty-seven feet from the ground, which

was at about the middle of Septeinber.’ The two lowest

branches first showed flowers on the 3d of September, and

others came out in succession from the beginning of Octo-

ber, to the.end of November, when. they all began to lose

their colour and to decay. There were upwards of forty

flowering bunches, each with between three and four hun-

dred flowers, making in all above sixteen thousand blossoms,

As the stem grew, the leaves began to wither ; and it ap-

pears the plant then died.” “ Its age was twenty-one years :

the height from the earth when,in blossom. twenty-seven

feet: the lateral branches, beginning at twelve feet from the

ground, were in number forty-two; the lowest projecting

two feet from the stem, and gradually diminishing to about

a foot or nine inches in length at the top: the stalk where

the side branches commenced was twenty inches round, or

near seven inches,, in. diameter, eradually tapering to the

apex: the bunches of flowers (or at least. those next the

bottom) were from a foot to fourteen inches in breadth.”

Although |

Although various instances are on record of this plant having blossom-

ed when confined in a pot or tub, and sheltered from the severity of our

climate, yet the occurrence is so rare, as to excite a great deal of inter-

est in the neighbourhood where such an event takes place; and I know

not whether the variegated-leaved variety, which is not uncommon in

collections, blossoms with equal readiness; not having myself heard of

the flowering of that kind, till that which is here represented threw up

its flowering stem in the summer of 1836, at Aiken Head, the seat of

Mrs. Gorpon, where, the garden is under the management of Mr,

Lampsig, In this instance, the whole height of the flower-stalk, was

only the half of that of Mr. Yares: and the blossoms were few indeed

in comparison; yet they came to great perfection, and the plant made

a very noble appearance.

But the great size and strange form of this plant, and the rarity of its

blossoming in our collections, are not the only circumstances which

recommend the American Aloe to attention. It yields a drink, and a

fibre of such extensive use in the New World, that it is reckoned, next

to the Maize and the Potato, the most valuable of all the products which

nature has lavished on the mountain-population of zequinoctial America:

and no where perhaps is it held in greater esteem than Mexico, according

to M. de Humpotprt, from whose “ Essai politique sur la Royaume de la

Nouvelle Espagne,” I extract the following interesting particulars, bear-

ing on this subject. : " ELL oe AE

“« Scarcely,’’ says this distinguished Philosopher, § does there exist a

tribe of savages in the world, who are not acquainted with the art of pre-

paring some kind of vegetable drink. The wretched hordes which wan-

der in the forests of Guiana, extract from the fruits of different Palms,

a beverage, which is as palatable as the European orgeat. The inhabit-

ants of Easter Island, confined to a mass of barren, springless rocks,

mingle the expressed juice of the Sugar Cane with the briny water of the

sea. Most civilized nations derive their drink from the same plants as

afford them food, and whose roots and seeds contain the saccharine prin-

ciple mingled with the farinaceous.. In Southern and Eastern Asia this

is Rice ; in Africa and Australia the roots of Ferns, and of some Arums ;

while in the North of Europe, the Cerealia afford both bread and fer-

mented liquors. Few are the instances of certain plants being cultivated

solely with a view to extract beverages from 'them. Vineyards only

exist west of the Indus; in the Old World, and in the golden age of

Greece, the culture of the Grape was confined to the countries lying

between the Oxus and the Euphrates, in Asia Minor, and in Western

Europe. In other parts of the world, nature certainly produces several

species of Wild Vine; but no where has man attempted to collect them

around them, and improve their quality by cultivation. ;

“The New Continent presents’ the instance of a people who derived

their drinks not only’ fromthe farinaceous and sugary substance of

Maize, Manioc, and Bananas, or \from the pulp of some. species of

Mimosa, but Pb, cultivated, a plant af the Pine Angle fomily = »

express purpose of converting its juice into a spirituous liquor. fn the

vast plate 4a the interior of Meise, there are large tracts of country

where the eye discerns nothing but fields planted with the Pittes or

Maguay (Acave Americana). This plant, with its leathery and

thorny leaves, and which, with the Cactus: Opuntia, has become

naturalized ever since the sixteenth century, throughout Southern

Europe, in the Canary Islands, and on the African coasts, imparts a

most peculiar character to the Mexican landscape. What can be more

strongly contrasted than a field of yellow Wheat, a plantation of the

glaucous AGAvE, and a grove of Bananas, whose lustrous leaves always

preserve their own tender and delicate hue of green! Thus does man,

in all latitudes, by introducing and multiplying the various vegetable

productions, modify at his pleasure the aspect of the country around him!

“In the Spanish colonies there are several sorts of Maguay deserving

of careful cultivation; some indeed, which, by the length of the sta-

mens, the mode of division of the corolla, and form of the stigma, may,

perhaps, belong to separate genera. The Maguay or Metl, which is

grown in Mexico, consists of several varieties of the American Aloe

(AcavE Americana), so common in gardens, which has yellow, fascicled,

and straight flowers, with stamens twice as long as the divisions of the

corolla. This must not be confounded with the A. Cubensis of Jac-

quin, (A. Mexicana, Lamarck, A. odorata, PErsoon,) which has

been erroneously supposed to be the Metl or Maguay of Mexico, but

which is extensively grown in the Caraccas, where it 1s called Maguay

de Cocuy.

“ These plantations extend wherever the Aztéque language is spoken;

they cease to the north of Salamanca, and are seen in the greatest

luxuriance in the valley of Toluca and the plains of Cholula. There the

Acave plants are set in rows, distant fifteen decimétres from one

another. The juice or sap, commonly called the honey, from its abun-

dant sweetness, is only afforded when the flowering-stem is about to

appear, so that it is of great importance to the cultivator to ascertain

precisely this period. Its approach is indicated by the direction of the

root-leaves, which the Indian always watches and examines with great

attention, and which, formerly recurved, suddenly take an upward

direction, and approximate as if to enclose the incipient flower-stalk.

The bunch of central leaves (corazon, the heart,) next assumes a livelier

green, and lengthens considerably ; indications which the natives assure

me hardly ever fail, and to which may be added several other less

striking appearances in the general aspect of the plant. Daily does the

cultivator examine his Acave plantations, to watch those individuals

which promise to bloom, and if he himself entertains any doubt, he

appeals to the village sages, the old Indians; whose long experience

gives them an unerring precision both of touch and eye.

_ “ At eight years old, or thereabouts, the Mexican Acave generally

shows signs of inflorescence, and then the collection of the juice for

making Pulque begins. The bunch of central leaves, or corazon, is cut

through, the incision gradually enlarged and covered by the side leaves,

which are raised up and tied together at their tips. In this cleft the

sap of those parts which were destined to form and nourish the gigantic

flowering-stem is deposited, and this vegetable spring flows for two or

three months, and may be tapped three times a day. The quantity of

Sap 1s enormous; and the more surprising, as the Acave plantations

are always made by choice on the most sterile soil, frequently on mere

shelves of rock, scantily covered with vegetable earth. Each plant is

calculated to yield about one hundred and fifty bottles; and at Pachuca,

the value of a Maguay, near flowering, is from twenty to twenty-five

ncs,

francs, or five piastres. Still, as with the Vine, which may bear a

greater or less quantity of grapes, the produce is apt to vary, and

cannot be precisely calculated. Instances have, however, been known,

of a parent bequeathing a plantation of Maguay worth from seventy to

eighty thousand piastres.

“The cultivation of the AGave is attended with many real advantages

above that of Maize, Wheat, or Potatoes, as this sturdy, harsh, and fleshy-

leaved plant is uninjured by the occasional drought, frost, and excessive

cold, which prevail in winter on the lofty Cordilleras of Mexico. It

dies after having flowered, or when the central bunch of leaves is cut

away, and then a number of suckers spring from the parent root, which

increase the plant with extraordinary rapidity. One acre of ground

will contain from twelve to thirteen hundred plants of Maguay, of which

it may be calculated that one in every thirteen or fourteen is always

affording the honey. Thus the proprietor who sets from thirty to forty

thousand Maguays is sure of leaving his family rich; though a man

must possess patience and resolution to devote himself to cultivatin

what only becomes productive after an interval of fifteen years. In gi

soil, the Acave blossoms at the end of five years ; while in poor ground

nothing can be expected under eighteen years ; and any artificial means

by which the flowering state is unnaturally accelerated, only destroy

the plant prematurely, or materially lessen the amount of sap.

_ “The honey, or juice, is of an agreeably bitter-sweet flavour, and fer-

ments readily from the sugar and mucilage with which it abounds, this

process being hastened by the addition of some old and acid pulque,

This vinous liquor resembles cider, but diffuses a disgusting smell of

decayed meat, which Europeans have some difficulty in overcoming.

Those, however, who have accustomed themselves to the beverage, con-

sider it as strengthening, stomachic, and particularly nutritive, recom-

mending it, peculiarly, to persons of a very meagre habit ; and I have seen

many whites, who, totally discontinuing water, beer, and wine, drink

only the Pulgue, like so many Mexicans. The cause of the fetid smell

of this liquor is variously attributed to the mode of preparation, the

manure used for the soil, and the different materials in which the fer-

mentation is carried on; and I only regret, that I was unable, for want

of proper apparatus, to ascertain this curious point in vegetable che-

mistry. By distillation, a most intoxicating spirit is obtained from

Pulque, which is called Mezxical, or Aguardiente (Fire-water) of Maguay.

The plant which is preferred for this purpose, appeared to me smaller,

and its foliage more glaucous than the common kind; but not having

seen it in blossom, I cannot pronounce it to be specifically distinct. _

“ But not only is the Acave the Mexican Vine, but it holds the place

of Asiatic Hemp and the Egyptian Paper-Reed, (Cyperus Papyrus).

The antient manuscripts of this country consisted of hieroglyphics, often

inscribed on a paper made of numerous layers of the Acave leaf, mace-

‘rated in water, and glued together in the same manner as the pith of

papyrus and the bark of the Paper Mulberry (Brovussonetia) of the

Pacific Isles. I brought away many antient specimens of this fabric,

some as thick as pasteboard, others as thin as fine India paper, which

are the more interesting, as all the Mexican records hitherto discoy ered

and still preserved at Rome and in Spain, are inscribed on the skins of

the Mexican Deer. No thread is so much prized by physicians in

Europe

Europe as that which is extracted from Acave leaves, which are some-

times ten feet long, fifteen inches wide and eight thick, because it is not

liable to twist ; though the fibre of the New Zealand Flax (Puormivm

tena) excels it in tenacity. Twine, thread, and rope are made of it;

the latter is employed in the mines, andyon the western coast, for rig-

ging the ships. The common juice of the plant, or that which it yields

when not about to.blossom, is highly caustic, and useful. forycleansing

wounds ; while the thorny points of the leaves, like those of the Cactus,

used to serve the Indians for nails.and needles. The Mexican priests

were accustomed to inflict wounds in that manner on their breasts and

arms by way of expiation, as.do the Buddhists.in, Hindostan.”

Rarely as the American Aloe blossoms in this part of Europe, a friend

of mine, who lately yisited the shores of the Mediterranean in the North

of Spain, tells me, that the brown withered flowering stems often stand

there as tall, strong, and thick as theymasts of small vessels in a harbour,

and are sometimes used for thatching. The height of this stalk varies from

twenty to forty feet, and. expands hiké arich candelabrum, its arms clas-

tered with. golden yellow flowers, An extract from the foliage, when

made into balls, will lather water like soap ; and, finally, the centre of

the flower-stalk cut longitudinally is. by no means a bad substitute for

the European razor-strop, owing to minute, particles of silex forming

one of its’ constittients, in the same way asthe Dutth Rushes, or stems of

the “Horsetail: (Equisetum) are employed to polish ivory afd brass,

My friend, Witt1am Curisty, Esq., when writing from Guernsey last

autumn (1837) says, “in this delightful climate,an AGave Americana

is just coming into flower, in the street of St. Pierre Port. It is twenty-,

five years old, and already thirty feet high; and has always stood in

the open air, summer and winter, without any protection’! —/18°")

~Desor. » Leaves radical,’ imbricated at’ the base, spreading ‘on all

sides, sword-shaped, rigid, flat»or slightly; grooved above, convex be-

neath, very acute, glaucous-green, sometimes, as in our wariety,, border-

ed with yellow, the margin toothed. with short; strong spines, mucronate

at the point: they are from four to six feet long. Scape from twelve

(in our specimen) to twenty and _eyen forty feet high, erect, bearing a

panicle of innumerable flowers in dense clusters. Perianth yellow-

green, the tube for the greater. part/of its-length, incorporated with the

germen, above which is a constriction : limb, deeply, cut into ,six linear-

oblong, erect, obtuse segments. Filaments, inserted, on the short, free,

portion of the tube, just below the segments, and. opposite to them;

subulate, much exserted, a little compressed, Anthers linear, versatile,

deep yellow. ‘Style filiform, sometimes’ about as'long as the stamens,

sometimes) much shorter than they are: Stigma capitate; three-lobed :

Germen obscurely triquetrous, three-celled;|the:cells many-ovuled. 9:1 |

Hawg B OvVEH x

*¥i89 DOB emiste od’ .5tu08 Jsdwom

9990 6 10 NSTS92 79 (ld BISDienod BUTS SF Dis 90

_ The principal 'figaré represonts the A eas mericdna’ froth the garden

at Aiken Head, reduced one twenty-fourth partyof the matj-sizé++Fig, L,

A Flower. 2. The same laid open. 3. Germen cut through transversely : of

the nai. size. ‘

MC soy ew bits .oust 3:4 sina od T

paises at domiw to oviev doss 0}

Th CAT, I] Fe * daft Poe a ~ ‘a o

Nuttall 9 a > by SG we Fe May 11838 Y )

a Z ay ¢ Zc 9.

Pub a 0% Fal ia é

J. Corks Gla

ZCRW.

é a :

rte

APL

7 ( 3655°) > |

“DipLAcus PUNICEUS. _SCARLET-FLOWERED _

. Dipxacus, ge

Class and Order. 19

Dipynamia ANGIOSPERMIA:

‘( Nat. Ord —Scropuurarines.() °°"

eR ee Chhit eter, 228 Ba0Ne vis ee

-Calprismaticus:apice5-fidus;' Corolla tingens, °b-fida,

lobis subeqaalibus pleramque emarginatis, © Stigma‘bila

mellatum; Capsula lineari-oblonga, bilocularis. Placenta

(s. receptaculum, seminis) lata, demum bipartita, adnata,

Semina. utrinque subulata.—Frutices, Californice, Mimulo

proxime. Folia-opposita-plerumque viscosa: . Nutt. MSS.

oom 3 Specific Character and. Synonym: 1) mounts

Dirxacus puniceus ;* fruticosus viscosus glaber,, foliis li-

~ “neari-lanceolatis subconnatis. vix. serrulatis , acutius-

culis; calycinis laciniis inequalibus acuminatis, corolla

punicea’ lobise “marginatis, caule elato ramosissimo.

Dutt)? M8S8.° © 2 8 | Bly (TPT CUES

Dirtacus puniceus. “Nutt. MSS.

« A overyvelegant shrub, flourishing: in’ its native soil

nearly the ‘whole. year.” Like the other’ species of this

Genus it has altogether the habit of a Mrmutos ; and one —

of them. has, ‘indeed, long been known under the name of

Mimutus pokes "Tbe present species.is.a far, taller-

growing.plant. than.that, and much more of a true shrub.

The leaves/are ofa. déeepogreen, -narrow-lanceolate»and

somewhat acute. The stems and calyx have a purplish

hue, and the corolla, considerably exserted, is of a deep

velvety scarlet,,.with. shades of pink lake, and its lobes are

constantly:emargimate!; |» bool avdiA +

to : ylosreveani devoid) ju> comme q : Me be eats a oun (4

* The name dc, two, and xrays, placenta, alludes to the splitting of the

capsule, to each valve of which is attached a large placenta, and under its

edges are found the slender subulate seeds —Nutt,

* It inhabits sandy loam by the borders of small winter

streams, attaining commonly the height of a man, growing

near St. Diego in Upper California, and flowering in April

and May. In cultivation, it continues to bloom apparently

all the year.”

We need offer no apology for departing from our accus-

tomed practice, and figuring a new and handsome plant

from the pencil of Mr. Nurratt, which cannot yet have

blossomed in the gardens of this country. It was disco-

vered by the gentleman just mentioned during his late

- arduous western travels, and transported in 1836 to the gar-

den of Mr. Buist, the extensive uurseryman of Philadelphia,

by whom the whole stock was sent, in the autumn of last

year, to Messrs. Lowe,* of Clapton, who are consequently

the only possessors of it. It cannot fail to prove a great

ornament to our gardens.

In the MSS. which accompanied this drawing, and which

will be published in an early number of Mr. 'Taytor’s

“ Annals of Nat. History,’ the following species (besides

the D. glutinosus) are given :-—

Dietacus latifolius (Nurr.); suffruticosus viscosus, foliis

oblongis sublanceolatis obtusiusculis serrulatis subtus

puberulis, pedunculis brevibus, calycibus glabris, la-

anus inzqualibus acutis, corolla lobis vix emarginatis

latis.

Has. About Monterrey, Upper California. F7. April.

Dirtacus leptanthus (Nurr.); fruticosus viscosus, foliis

oblongo-lanceolatis acutiusculis subserrulatis glaberri-

mis, pedunculis brevissimis, calycibus glabris tubulosis

elongatis, laciniis inequalibus acutis brevibus, corolle

lobis latis oblique emarginatis. 7

Has. California, Arcu. Menzies, Esq. Described from specimens

in the Herbarium of the Academy of Nat. Sciences of Philadel-

phia, which had been communicated by Sir Wa. Jackson Hooker

to the late Dr. Scuwernirz.

Dirtacus longiflorus (Nurr.) ; suffruticosus viscosus pt-

bescens, foliis lineari-lanceolatis utrinque attenuatis

vix serrulatis margine revolutis supra glabris, pedun-

culis brevissimis, calycibus villosis, laciniis vix inaqua-

libus acutis, corollz lobis latissimis oblique emarginatis.

Has. Rocky places by small streams, in the vicinity of Santa Barbara,

Upper California.

* We regret to learn, however, from these gentlemen, that many of their

plants have perished, owing to the extreme severity of the late winter. Pre-

nae to that season the plant showed itself to be of free growth and graceful

abit. . ‘

i" Withers dealt” Pub by S Gertis Glaxenwood EvsexMay 11838. Dinan <i,

( 3656 )

CATTLEYA PUMILA. DwarF CATTLEYA.

KK KKK KKK KKK KK REE K EEE

Class and Order.

GyNANDRIA MonanprIiA.

( Nat. Ord.—OrcuivEz. )

Generic Character.

Sepala membranacea v. carnosa, patentia, equalia. Pe-

tala sepits majora. Labellum cucullatum, columnam in-

volvens, trilobum v. indivisum. Columna clavata, elongata,

semiteres, marginata, cum labello articulata. Anthera

carnosa 4-locularis, septorum marginibus membranaceis.

Pollinia 4 ; caudiculis totidem replicatis.—Herbe epiphyte,

(Americane ) pseudo-bulbose. Folia solitaria v. bina, cori-

acea. Flores terminales, speciosissime, se@pé e spatha magna

erumpentes.

Specific Name and Character.

Carrieya pumila ; pseudo-bulbis oblongis minutis teretibus

~ suleatis unifoliatis unifloris, folio oblongo-lanceolato,

sepalis oblongis acutis superiori recurvo petalis ovali-

oblongis obtusis undulatis angustioribus, labelli lobo

intermedio brevi obtuso undulato-laciniato.

The small size of this plant, the minute, rounded pseudo-

bulbs and the narrow leaves, together with the obtuse, short,

and almost fimbriated lip, will, I think, clearly distinguish

this very beautiful species of Carrzera from those hitherto

described. It was received from the Essequibo by Joun

Attcarp, Esq., in whose collection it flowered last year,

and who kindly sent the well executed drawing here en-

graved, from the pencil of Mrs. Wirners.

Descr. There is evidently a horizontal stem, or rhizoma,

throwing out stout radicles below, and minute ode

above,

VOL. XII. G

above, which latter are at first clothed with sheathing

scales, and afterwards seem to enlarge, till on the fallmg

away of the leaves they are two inches long and naked,

always rounded and striated. Leaf‘ solitary, terminal, co-

riaceous, four to five inches long, scarcely an inch broad,

linear-oblong, nerveless. - Flowers solitary, arising from a

membranaceous sheath at the base of the leaf, drooping, of

a beautiful blush-purple colour. Sepals spreading, oblong,

the upper one reflexed. Petals larger and broader, waved

at the margins. Lip large, three-lobed, the two lateral

lobes involute, enclosing the column with the tube thus

formed, the middle lobe short, reflexed, waved and crisped,

almost laciniated.

Fig. 1. Column, 2. Anther-case. 3. Pollen-masses: magnified.

Swan So.

5657.

Fuh by S Curtis Gleescaed Essex. May 11838

WFitchDelt

( 3657 )

FUNCKIA ALBO-MARGINATA. VARIEGATED

FuncgKIA.

KKK KKK KEKE EEE EKER EEE

Class and Order.

Hexanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—HeEmeEroca.ipEs. )

Generic Character.

Corolla 6-partita, tubulosa, campanulata, limbo subrin-

gente, connivente, vel parum patente. Stamina fasciculata,

basi limbi inserta, declinata. Stylus filiformis situ stami-

num. Stigma subtrigonum leve. Capsula oblonga, sub-

prismatica, 6-sulca, bilocularis, bivalvis. Semzna numerosa,

depressa, membranaceo-alata: embryonibus pluribus. Spr.

Specific Name and Character.

Funcx1a* albo-marginata ; humilis, foliis ovato-lanceolatis

albo-marginatis longe petiolatis scapo racemoso brevi-

oribus, floribus declinatis infundibuliformibus remotis,

bracteis omnibus zqualibus ovatis pedicello subduplo

longioribus.

This interesting species of Funcxia was received from

Belgium at the Glasgow Botanic Garden from Mr. M‘Coy,

at the same time with the F. Sieboldiana to be figured in

our next Number, t. 3663, and was in all probability intro-

duced into Europe by the same Botanist, Dr. Sresoxp, from

Japan. But it came without any name, save that of

« Funcxia sp. foliis marginatis,” and I have no means of

ascertaining

* So named, I presume, in compliment to HENRY CHRISTOPHER Funck,

an Apothecary of Gefreez, near Baireuth, and author of a beautiful ‘‘ Tasch-

enherbarium,” or Pocket Herbarium of German Mosses, which was the

model for that equally beautiful one of British Mosses, by Mr. GARDNER.

ascertaining whether it has been described by any author.

It is quite different from the F. Sieboldiana, and still more

so from the other known species, F. Japonica and F. ce-

rulea. It has been treated with us as a greenhouse plant,

flowering in July.

Descr. Root? Leaves all of them radical, petiolate,

ovato-lanceolate, very acute, about seven-nerved, green,

elegantly margined with white. Petiole longer than the

leaf, grooved on the upper side. Scape racemose, longer

than the leaves. Raceme of twelve to fourteen large, hand-

some, declinate flowers, lilac-purple streaked with white,

and deeper purple lines. Pedicels short. Bracteas ovate,

leafy, twice as long as the pedicels. Perianth funnel-

shaped, the tube slender below, widening considerably at

the mouth, and there forming a broad, slightly oblique

limb, cut into six, oblong, acute lobes. Stamens declinate,

curved upwards at the extremity, as long as the perianth.

Anthers yellow.

Pub by 3 Curtis Glaremwood EssexMay 1128.

( 3658 )

EipACRIS MICROPHYLLA. SMALL-LEAVED

Epacris. nip"

Sie Sar eae se ee os os

Class and Order.

Pentranpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Epacripez. )

Generic Character.

Calyx odoratus, multibracteatus, bracteis textura calycis.

Corolla tubulosa, limbo imberbi. Stamina epipetala: An-

theris supra medium peltatis. Sguamule 5 hypogyne.

Capsula placentis columne centrali adnatis—Fruticuli

ramosi, sepius glabri. Folia sparsa petiolata v. basi sim-

plicit. Flores axillares, in spicam foliatam sepius digesti,

albi v. purpurascentes. Br.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Epacris microphylla; calycis foliolis obtusiusculis, tubum

corolla zquantibus ; foliis cordatis, acutis, peduncu-

lum superantibus, lateribus erectis ; spica apiciflora ;

ramulis pilosis. Br.

Epacris microphylla. Br. Prodr. Flor. Nov. Holland,

We received this plant at the Botanic Garden, Edin-

burgh, in 1835, from Mr. Westtann’s Nursery, near

Dorking, Surrey, where a large stock of scarce plants, and

of Epacripea in particular, are cultivated with a very

remarkable degree of success. It flowered in the green-

house during the month of March.

Mr. Brown places this species next to E. pulchella, of

which, were it not for his authority, I should certainly have

considered it only a variety. I do not find the difference

in the form of the calyx-segments, nor of the leaves, which

Mr, |

Mr. Brown observes, and would rest the chief distinction

on the more slender, less tortuous, branches of E. micro-

phylla, the hairiness of the young shoots, the shortness of

the peduncles in relation to the leaves, and in the pseudo-

spikes being collected nearer the extremities of the

branches.

Descr. Shrub erect; branches ascending, slender, tor-

tuous, hairy. Leaves cordate, spreading, shining, rigid,

sides folded forwards, base embracing the stem, middle

bent back, apex ascending, acute. Flowers white, solitary

in the axils of the leaves, collected into subterminal pseudo-

spikes, on peduncles shorter than the leaves. Calyx-leaflets

oblong, blunt, white. Corolla white; tube campanulate,

equal to the calyx, nectariferous; limb five-parted, seg-

ments ovate, blunt, spreading. Stamens alternating with

the segments of the corolla. Filaments adhering to the

tube, the free portion erect, shorter than the limb. Anthers

bilocular, bursting along the face. Germen spheroid, with

a short style rising from the depressed apex, and supporting

a stigma of five erect, blunt lobes. Graham.

Fig. 1. Portion of Stamens and Leaves. 2. Single Leaf. 3. 4. Flow-

ers: magnified.

BODY.

Swan Sc

eed SLs ae ey Se Oy

| Sle

ris. Glaxrenwood Essex May 1i83es.

b by Se

( 3659 )

GESNERA FASCIALIS. (APING-FLOWERED

GESNERA.

KKK KEKE KEE EEK ERE ER EREE

Class and Order.

DipYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord.—GersnERACEZ. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-partitus, (plerumque germini adnatus). Cor. tu-

bulosa campanulata limbo bilabiato ; labio superiore bi-

inferiore trifido. Stigma bilobum. Capsula bilocularis,

2-valvis, placentis parietalibus.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Gesnera fascialis; herbacea, foliis subsessilibus cordatis

oblongis acutis crenatis rugosis tomentosis, racemo

terminali, bracteis ovatis acutis reflexis, corollis tomen-

tosis, labio superiore oblongo bilobo basi angustato

inferiore minimo revoluto fauce latissima truncata.

Gesnera fascialis. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1785.

Professor Linpiey, who figured and described this species

from a plant that flowered in the collection of the Hon. and

Rev. Witu1am Hersert of Spofforth, rightly judged that it

was a native of Brazil: Mr. Garpner having since sent

roots of it from the neighbourhood of Rio Janeiro to his

subscribers : and from one of these, the plant here figured

was raised at the Glasgow Botanic Garden in 1837. It

- produced its truly splendid blossoms in July of the same

year ; and the species may certainly be reckoned among the

most beautiful of this handsome Genus.

Descr. Root tuberous. Plant every where downy. Stem

erect, a foot to a foot and a half high, erect. Leaves it

site, sessile, cordate, much wrinkled and reticulate, rat

obtuse,

obtuse, coarsely serrated: Raceme terminal, the pedicels

opposite, or in whorls. Calyx short, cut into five deep,

subulate segments, leaving scarcely any tube. Corollas

large, handsome, of a rich velvety scarlet, tubular, two-

lipped, the mouth oblique, exceedingly large; upper lip

oval, convex, retuse, porrected ; lower lip reduced toa small,

reflexed lobe, white within, clouded with dark purple.

Filaments nearly as long as the whole corolla. Anthers

yellow. Style equal in length with the stamens.

Fig. 1. Calyx and Pistil: magnified.

Pub. by S. Curtis Glaxenwood KssexMay 1.1888 ,

( 3660 )

GOvVENIA GARDNERI. Mr. GARDNER’S

Braziuian Goventa.

RARER ERK KEKE KKK KKK KEK

Class and Order.

GyNANDRIA MonanpRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuipea. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium bilabiatum. Sepala \ateralia falcata labello

supposita, basi paululum connata, supremo pauld majori.

_Petala sub sepalo supremo conniventia, breviora, obliqua.

Labellum integerrimum, ecalcaratum, concavum, cum basi

parum producté columne articulatum, sessile. Colwmna

basi pauld producta, teres, subfusiformis, apice utrinque

marginata. Anthera calyptriformis, 1-locularis. Pollinia

4, solida, incumbentia, caudicula brevi, glandulaé minore

triangulari— Terrestris. Folia plicata. Spice radicales, —

multiflore. Flores speciosi.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Govenia Gardneri; foliis elliptico-lanceolatis membrana-

ceis plicatis solitariis v. binis petiolatis, petiolis sca-

aginatis, petalis sepaloque superior concavis

iventibus galeam formantibus, petalis lateralibus

porrectis, labello late oblongo recurvato apiculato

medio bituberculato, apice glandulifero.

Orcuipea. Gardn. Pl. Exsic. Bras. n. 670.

The Genus GoventA, so named in compliment to Mr.

James Rozsert Gowen, of the High Clere Gardens, was

established on a Mexican plant, and two other species have

been published also by Professor Linpuey, (Bot. Reg. see

sub fol. 1795, Goventa capitata, and N. S. t. 13, Govenia

hihacea,) equally inhabitants of Mexico. It has ae

| | .

Mr. Garpner’s good fortune to discover a fourth species,

the one here figured, habiting the Organ Mountains, and

which has been by him sent to the Contributors towards the

cost of his expedition, both in a living and dried state. It

seems to grow very freely; for the roots only arrived in

July, and in the latter end of December the flowers and

bright green foliage, sheathed at the base with purple mem-

branes, were in perfection in the stove of the Glasgow

Botanic Garden. It certainly is a very interesting plant,

though perhaps less showy than the Mexican ones figured

by Professor Linptey.

Descr. Terrestrial. The leaves, solitary or two to-

gether, springing from the top of the root on long, broad

petioles, are of an elliptical-lanceolate figure, acute, mem-

branous, striated and plaited, slightly waved ; the petioles,

for their whole length, clothed with large, cylindraceous,

purple membranes as thick as one’s finger. From the same

sheath the peduncle or scape arises, nearly a foot in height,

(about as tall as the leaves), purple, sheathed with purple

bracteas, and terminating in a raceme of large, nearly white,

almost globose, or rather hemispherical flowers, convex

above, plane below. Sepals and petals oblong or broadly

lanceolate, the latter and upper sepal counivent, concave,

and forming a helmet over the column and lip, while the

_ two lower sepals almost united at the base under the lip are

patent and slightly falcate; lip articulated by a very short

claw, closely applied to the column, broadly oblong, the

upper half bent back, with a recurved mucro at the point:

on the disk are two oblong tubercles, and on the margin

towards the point, three distinct glands, Column semi-

terete, the base extended, slightly glandular, winged, the

wings standing forward, very broad upwards. Anther-case

hemispherical, with a large mucro. Pollen-masses four, in

two pairs, connected by a gland. Germen clavate, with

a membranous bractea at the base of each.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Column and Lip. 3: Column. 4. Lip. 5: Pollen-

masses: magnified.

: Witch delt Lub, by Sit wrtis laxenwood Fissex June I L888.

( 3661 )

PENTSTEMON GENTIANOIDES. GENTIANSLIKE

PENTSTEMON.

KKK KEK KK KK KEKE KEK KKK ERE

Class and Order.

Dipynamia ANGIOSPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Scrornutarines. )

Generic Character.

Cal. pentaphyllus aut quinquepartitus, bractea solitaria

distante. Corolla ventricosa bilabiata. Stamina didynama,

rudimento quinti filiformi sepius barbate. Anthere se-

juncte, sepius glabra. Capsula ovata, bilocularis, bival-

Vis, polysperma. Semina angulata—Herbe v. suffrutices,

Americane vel Orientali-Asiatice. Folia levia acuminata,

sepius serrata. Flores paniculato-racemosi, purpuret, rosei,

albidive. Lindl. 7

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Pentstemon gentianoides ; caule elato, foliis lanceolatis

integerrimis glaberrimis, superioribus brevioribus la-

tioribus acutissimis, panicula elongata laxa foliosa,

pedunculis elongatis subumbelliferis, laciniis calycinis

late ovatis, corolle lobis acutis, stamine sterili apice

paululum hirsuto.

Pentstemon gentianoides. Lindl. in Bot. Reg. N. S. t. 3.

CuEtone gentianoides. Humb. et Kunth, Nov. Gen. et Sp.

Pl. vo. 2. p. 292. t.. ¥%2.

A native of Mexico, but of cold situations on the sloping

sides of the mountain of Toluco, (whose summit is cov

with perpetual snow,) at an elevation of 11,500 feet

above the level of the sea, where it was discovered by

the distinguished travellers Humponpr and Bonpianp. As

may be expected, it proves hardy with us, and even in the

climate of Scotland the summer is sufficient to ie om

plan

plant to a high degree of perfection. In the Glasgow Gar-

den it attained a height of four feet in the open border,

and its handsome flowers continued in beauty during a

great part of the summer and autumn. Professor LinpLEy

observes that the cuttings strike freely, by which the plant

may be increased as well as by seeds.

Descr. Root perennial. Stem three to four feet high,

erect, branched upwards, glabrous, dark purple. Leaves

opposite, lanceolate, spreading horizontally, sessile, quite

glabrous and entire, the upper ones are broader, that is,

ovate and sharply acuminated, becoming gradually smaller,

so that the uppermost. may be considered bracteas. The

upper part of the plant may be regarded as a large pani-

cle, the peduncles being opposite, much elongated, and

bearing umbels of three to five or six large handsome

flowers. Calyx deeply cut into five broadly ovate, acute

segments, green, tipped with purple. Corollas drooping,

rich, dark, reddish-purple : the tube slightly curved, narrow

at the base, gradually enlarging upwards, so as to be sub-

campanulate ; the limb two-lipped, within white, streaked

with dark purple veins, the upper lip two-, the lower three-

lobed ; all the lobes ovate, acute. Stamens and style as

long as the tube. Anthers two-lobed, dark purple: barren

Jilaments enlarged upwards, with a fringe of a few hairs

at the extremity. Germen ovate, green : Style purplish :

Stigma obtuse.

Fig. 1. Calyx and part of the Corolla, with the four Stamens, abortive

Filament and Pistil: magnified.

J662.

tiibiv SCuris Clarenwood. E.ssearx June £ L838

( 3662 )

CENTAUREA DEPRESSA. PROSTRATE CEN-

TAURY.

KEKE KKK KKK KKK KER KEERE '

Class and Order.

SyNGENESIA F'RUSTRANEA.

( Nat. Ord.—Composira. )

Generic Character.

Anthodium ventricosum, ovatum, imbricatum, squamis

inermibus vel spinosis. Flosculz radiales neutri tubulosi.

Receptaculum setosum. Pappus setaceus annulo caducus.

Hilum \aterale ad basin.

Specific Character and Synonymns.

Centaurea (Sect. Cyanus, DC.) depressa; caule e basi

ramoso declinato aut simplici erecto foliisque albo-

tomentosis, caulinis oblongis basi obtusis sessilibus

integerrimis, infimis subdentatis, fructus umbilico bar-

bigero, pappo fructus longitudine equali. D C.

Centaurea depressa. M. Bieb. Fl. Tauc. Cauc. v. 2. p.

346. De Cand. Prodr. v. 6. p. 578. Spreng. Syst.

Veget. v. 3. p. 339.

Centaurea pygmea. Hoffm. Hort. Mosc. 1808. n. 783.

Allied to the well-known “ Corn Blue-botile’’ of our fields,

but a plant of much humbler growth, and far_brighter-

coloured flowers: indeed, we doubt if any species of this

extensive Genus presents more lively blossoms than the one

now before us, an inhabitant of dry hilly places of Iberia,

and of the Province of Aberdeischan in Persia. It succeeds,

however, in the open border with us, flowering in August in

the Glasgow Botanic Garden, where it was raised from

seeds sent by Dr. Fiscuer.

Descr. Root clougated, slender, annual. Stems, in the

native specimeu, not more than a span long, in our culti-

vated | - :

ro OU. XU. H

vated ones, eight or ten inches, decumbent and branched at

the base, there erect, green, but clothed with a whitish

down as is the whole plant, giving the latter a silvery, or

hoary appearance. Leaves alternate, sessile, linear-lanceo-

late, acute, in our specimens entire, not decurrent, single-

nerved. Flowers large, handsome, solitary on the copious

branches, terminal. Involucre ovato-globose, with very

closely imbricated scales, beautifully fringed with white

hairs. Florets of the centre tubular, deep red-purple, broad

above, with five long, unequal teeth, below much narrower

and white. Anthers long, protruded, black. Germen ob-

long, crowned with a hairy pappus of about the same length.

Florets of the ray considerably longer than those of the

centre, neuter ; the ¢wbe very slender, reddish, white below ;

the limb very large, campanulate, deep blue, two-lipped,

the lower lip smaller, bifid, the upper large quadrifid, the

segments ovate, somewhat acute.

Fig. 1. Floret of the Ray. 2. Ditto of the Disk: magnified.

Witch del rics Glaxerwwo, ESSEC

BYP rts. vd

Cae A

_ POA £, S$ EX,

(. 3663)

Funcx1A SiEBOLDIANA. Dr. SIEBOLD’S

FuNcKIA.

Class and Order.

Hexanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—HeEmerocaLLipEdz. )

Generic Character.

Corolla 6-partita, tubulosa, campanulata, limbo subrin-

gente, connivente, vel parum patente. Stamina fasciculata,

basi limbi inserta, declinata. Stylus filiformis situ stami-

num. Stigma subtrigonum leve. Capsula oblonga, sub-

prismatica, 6-sulca, bilocularis, bivalvis. Semina numerosa,

depressa, membranaceo-alata: embryonibus pluribus. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Funcx1a Sieboldiana ; humilis, foliis ovatis acuminatis in-

ferne in petiolum vaginatum decurrentibus scapo race-

moso subdimidio brevioribus, floribus nutantibus in-

fundibuliformibus remotis, bracteis lanceolatis infimis

flore longioribus superne sensim minoribus. es

Funcxia Sieboldiana. Lodd. Bot. Reg. t. 1869.

Hemeroca.us Japonica (Bot. Mag. t. 1433.) and H. ca@-

rulea (Bot. Mag. t. 894.) constitute a distinct group in that

Genus which Sprencet has separated, and to which he has

given the name of Funcxia. The present is a species be- _

longing to that Genus, for a knowledge of which we are

indebted to Dr. Srzzoxp, the celebrated Japanese Traveller, — i :

who found it in Japan, and introduced it to the gardens

in Belgium, whence it was received by Mr. Murray at the

Glasgow Botanic Garden from Mr. M‘Coy. It flowersin

the greenhouse in July.

Descr. Leaves all radical, ovate, acuminate, striated, _

below tapering into a sheathing petiole. Scape scarcely a

foot

foot high, rounded, bearing a raceme of large nodding

flowers, of a white colour, slightly tinged with purple and

green, remote when fully expanded. Pedicels short, curved.

Bracteas \anceolate, the lower ones longer than the flower,

the upper ones gradually smaller, and broader in propor-

tion to their length. Perianth funnel-shaped, its tube

straight and about as long as the campanulate limb, seg-

ments ovate, striated. Stamens inserted at the very base of

the perianth beneath the germen, and equal with it in

length, curved upwards at the apex; Anthers inserted by

the middle of the back, two-celled ; pollen yellow. Ger-

men oval, with three furrows, small; Style rather longer

than the stamens, and like them curved upwards at the

Aa filiform ; Sigma capitate, hairy, obscurely three-

obed.

206 4.

Swan

p WA ny

Lub. by S. Gurtia OrLgnerrwou

W. Pitch. dei*

( 3664 )

GESNERA TUBEROSA. 'TUBEROUS-ROOTED

GESNERA.

EREREEKEEEE EEE EKER EEEE

Class and Order.

Dipynamr1a GYMNOSPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Gesneracez. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-partitus, (plerumque germini adnatus.) Corolla

tubuloso-campanulata, limbo bilabiato ; labio superiore bi-

inferiore trifido. Stigma bilobum. Capsula bilocularis,

2-valvis, placentis parietalibus.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

GesneRA tuberosa; radice tuberosa subrotunda, caulibus

perbrevibus tuberiformibus, foliis subradicalibus late

ovatis serratis molliter pubescentibus, pedunculis nu-

merosis erectis 1—3-floris, corollz tubo paululum cur-

vato limbo 4-fido subzquali, glandulis hypogynis pos-

ticis binis.

GesnerA tuberosa. Mart. Nov. Gen. et Sp. Bras. v. 3. p.

29. t. 212.

Gesnera rupestris. Graham in Ed. Phil. Journ, Dec. 1837.

For the introduction of this very remarkable species of

Gesnera to the British stoves we are indebted to Dr.

Granam, who received it from the Berlin Garden in 1834,

but under the name of “ G. rupestris, Marr. :’’—by mistake,

as I should presume: for it is assuredly the G. tuberosa of

Martius above quoted. It flowers readily in the stove

during the autumnal months.

_ Descr. Tuber flattened. Stem scarcely any, support-

ing two opposite, round, pubescent petioles, twice as long

as itself. Leaves (eight inches long, six and a half broad)

ovate,

ovate, peltate, minutely glanduloso-pubescent, strongly

nerved, bullate, unequally crenato-dentate, concave and

dark above, paler below ; corymbs subradical, pedicels

(two to two and a half inches long) erect, very slender,

glanduloso-hairy, opposite, decussating, rising from the axil

of a linear bractea. Flowers deflected outwards. Calyx

glanduloso-pubescent, five-cleft; tube fleshy, adherent, teeth

subulate, connivent after the corolla falls. Corolla (an inch

and a quarter long) tubular, curved ; limb, of five subequal,

rounded, short segments, of which the two upper are rather

the smallest, and least deeply divided. Stamens four, per-

fect, slightly exserted; filaments glabrous ; anthers dark,

rounded, two-lobular, bursting along the face of the cells,

connectivum rounded ; pollen yellow, granules minute ;

one, sometimes two rudimental stamens on the upper side

of the tube at its base. Disk white, projecting on the up-

per side, emarginate. Germen half immersed in the calyx-

tube, above conical, slightly pubescent, brown. Ovules

numerous. Style nearly as long as the stamens, slightly

yea colourless. Stigma bilobular, lobes short. Gra-

m. '

Fig. 1. Pistil: magnified.

( 3665 )

Ipom#A BonarRIeENsis. BuEenos-AYrREs

IpoMAA.

Class and Order.

PenTanDRIA Monoeynta.

( Nat. Ord.—Convorvu.acez. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-partitus, nudus. Corolla campanulata v. infun-

dibuliformis, 5-plicata. Ovarium 2—3-loculare, loculis

dispermis. Stylus indivisus. Stigma capitatum, 2—3-

lobum. Capsula 2—3-locularis.—Herbe volubiles, quan-

doque erecte. Folia indivisa v. lobata, nunc pinnatifida.

Semina in quibusdam comosa. Br.

Specific Name and Character.

Ipomza Bonariensis ; volubilis pubescenti-subtomentosa,

foliis petiolatis cordatis (sinu profundo) 3-lobis, lobis

valde inequalibus lato-oblongis obtusis, inferioribus

basi rotundatis, pedunculis axillaribus solitariis folio

sublongioribus apice corymbosis 5—7-floris, sepalis

ovalibus concavis membranaceis obtusis glabris, co-

rolla infundibuliformi-subcampanulate limbo patenti

lobis rotundatis undulatis.

Common on ditch-banks about Buenos-Ayres, according

to Mr. Tweepie, who sent seeds of it to this country in

1826, and who observes that the plant has a large tuberous

root. It thrives readily in the stove, bearing its hand-

some flowers in August, which are not much inferior in

beauty to those of Ipomaa insignis. .

Descr. Stem long, twining, branched, por: clothed

in the younger parts, as are the leaves, petioles, and pedun-

cles, with short, but rather dense, stellated pubescence, or

tomentum, —

tomentum. Leaves cordate, petiolate, with a very deep si-

nus at the base, three to five-lobed in a palmated manner;

the lobes very unequal, generally broadly-oblong, the

lowest much rounded and dilated, as it were, at the base,

occasioning the deep sinus between them, where the petiole

is inserted. Petzole much shorter than the leaves, purple.

Peduncle axillary, solitary, about as long as the leaf, flex-

uose, bearing a corymb of from five to seven flowers, purple,

greener above, pedicels short, green, with a small bractea at

their base. Flower-buds oval, obtuse. Calyx of five leaves

or sepals, oval, erect, imbricated, concave, obtuse, glabrous,

membranaceous. Corolla large, handsome, lilac-coloured,

between funnel-shaped and campanulate : the limb spread-

ing, of five large, rounded, waved lobes.

IOO6:

Lub. by 5. Curtis, Clarenwoed EssexJunel 1938.

( 3666 )

EPIDENDRUM VIRIDI-PURPUREUM. PuURPLISH-

GREEN EpIDENDRUM.

SERRE KK KR KKK EKER

Class and Order.

GynanpDRiA Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuipez. )

Generic Character.

Sepala patentia, subequalia. Petala sepalis equalia v.

angustiora, rariis latiora, patentia v. reflexa. Labellum

cum marginibus columne omnino v. parte connatum, limbo

integro v. diviso, disco spits calloso, costato, v. tubercu-

lato; nunc in calcar productum ovario accretum et auric-

ulum formans. Columna elongata: clinandrio marginato,

sepé fimbriato. Anthera carnosa, 2—4 locularis. Pollinia

4, caudiculis totidem replicatis annexa.—Herbe (Ameri-

cana (epiphyte, caule nunc apice v. basi pseudo-bulboso,

nunc elongato apice folioso. Folia carnosa, rarissimé venis

elevatis striata. Flores spicati, racemosi, corymbosi v. pani-

culati, terminales v. laterales.

Specific Name and Character.

Epipenprum viridi-purpureum; caule elongato simplici

tereti basi incrassato vaginato, superne folioso, foliis

distichis ee subdistichis, racemo denso

subcapitato terminali, sepalis petalisque oblongo-obo-

vatis, labello convexo latissime cordato trilobo, basi

bituberculato, lobis lateralibus rotundatis, intermedio

bifido laciniis divaricatis.

Although a native of Jamaica, one of the best explored

of our possessions in the West Indies, I do not find that

this is noticed by any botanical writer. Seventy-one spe-

cies of this extensive Genus were defined by Dr. Linpey

in his valuable “ Genera and Species of Orchideous Plants,”’

in 1831, and since that period many have been elsewhere

described by him and other writers. The present was first

known to us in the flowering state by Mr. Horsrati of

Liverpool, who imported it from Jamaica, and it has since

blossomed in the stove of the Glasgow Botanic Garden,

having been sent there by Dr. M. Fapyen.

Descr. Like the rest of the Genus, it is an Eprenyte,

and produces a stem about a foot and a half high, simply

rounded, thickened at the base, and there clothed with

membranaceous, pale-brown sheaths. Leaves from the

upper part of the stem, subdistichous, oblongo-ligulate,

carinated, coriaceous, bright green, nerveless. From the

summit of the stems proceeds a flower-stalk four to five

inches long, compressed, bearing two or three large, with-

ered, brown, lanceolate, carinated, striated bracteas, and a

drooping, dense raceme, or almost capitulum of flowers.

Sepals and petals spreading, obovato-oblong, almost. spa-

thulate, rather acute, pale green, tinged with brown ; the

latter smaller. Column clubshaped, green slightly tinged

with purple, bearing, at the apex below, the broadly cordate,

very convex, fleshy, three-lobed lip, green, its broad disk

purple, having two tubercles at the base: the lateral lobes

are rounded, the intermediate or terminal one deeply cut

into two spreading lobes.

Fig. 1. Flower from which the Sepals are removed: magnified.

®,

jw ™

, rx z ? 7030

riaxenwrod.Awées June 4 LEB

( 3667 )

RHODODENDRON NUDIFLORUM ; var. scintillans (hy-

bridum). Spark~inc RHopDODENDRON.

Class and Order.

DecanpriA Monoeynta.

( Nat. Ord.—Enricez. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla infundibuliformis 5-loba. Sta-

mina 5—10, declinata: antheris apice biporosis. Capsula

5-locularis, 5-valvis, ab apice dehiscens, valvarum margin-

ibus inflexis, dissepimenta formantibus. Receptaculum

centrale, 5-angulare. Semina membrana involuta. :

Specific Name and Synonyms.

Ruopopenpron (Azalea) nudiflorum. Linn.— Curt. Bot.

Mag. t. 180.

Var. hybrida, scintillans.

Azatea nudiflora; var. scintillans. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t.

1461.

The hybrid varieties of the Azatza group of Ruopopen-

DRON are almost endless, but few are more beautiful than

the present, when growing vigorously, as was the case

with the individual from which our figure was taken in the

American border of the Glasgow Botanic Garden.

The origin of this variety, first reared by Mr. Gowen, the

gardener at High Clere, is thus given in his own words, in

the Botanical Register. ‘ This Azatea was raised at High

Clere in the same year with those already figured in previ-

ous parts of this work, and is a seedling from AzALEa coc-

cinea, (nudiflora, var. coccinea, ) major, impregnated by the

pollen of Azarea Pontica.

No where perhaps are the varieties of Azatea, Ruopo-

DENDRON, and other choice American shrubs cultivated upon

a larger scale, or more successfully, than in the Nursery of

our friend Mr. Curtis at Glazenwood, where the present

hybrid makes a very splendid appearance.

“| eze

wie

JO6S

= We Cad

Crartis Paenwood Lisex Sithy £ L838

( 3668 )

PYRUS ARBUTIFOLIA. ARBUTUS-LEAVED

ARONIA.

KEKE KERR EEE REE EEE EEE

Class and Order.

Icosanpria Di-Pentaeyntia.

Generic Character.

Calyx tubus urceolatus, limbus 5-lobus. Petala subro-

tunda. Styli sepids 5, rariis 2—3. Pomum clausum 5-

locularis putaminibus cartilagineis. Semzna in loculo quo-

que 2, testa cartilagined.—Arbores fruticesve. Folia sim-

plicia vel pinnata. Cymez patentes terminales multiflore.

Bractee subulate decidue.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Pyrus arbutifolia ; foliis obovato-oblongis lanceolatisve

crenato-serratis subtus pallidis reticulatim venosis costa

supra glandulosa, floribus corymbosis. Hook. Fl. Bor.

Am. v. 1. p. 204. .

Var.a. rubra ; foliis subtis (precipue junioribus) calycibus-

que tomentosis, fructu rubro.

Pyrrus arbutifolia. Linn. fil. Suppl. p. 256. Pursh, Fi.

Am. v. 1. p. 339. Bigel. Fl. Bost. ed. 2. p. 195.

De Cand. Prodr. v. 2. p. 637.

Cratzeus pyrifolia, Lam. Dict.

Mespitus arbutifolia. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 685.—var. ery-

throcarpa. Mich. Am. v. 1. p. 292.

Aronia arbutifolia. Elliott, Carol. v. 1. p. 356. Torrey,

Fl. of Un. St. v. 1. p. 478.

Aronia pyrifolia. Pers. Syn. Pl.

Var. 8. melanocarpa ; foliis calycibusque plerumque gla-

bris, fructu nigro. Walld. Sp, Pl. v. 2, 1013.

Mespitus arbutifolia, 8. Mich. Am. v. 1. p. 202. .

Pyrus melanocarpa. Willd. Enum. p. 525. De Cand.

Prodr. v. 2. p. 637. Pursh, Fl. Am. v. 1. p. 339.

Pyrus floribunda. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1006.

Aronia arbutifolia 6. Torrey, Fl. of Un. St. v. 1. p. 478.

Aronia melanocarpa. iliott, Carol.v.1.p.557.

, From

From all that can be learned from American authors, as

well as from copious specimens I have received from various

Botanists of that country, it does not appear that there is

more than one species of the ApENorAcuis section of Pyrus,

and that varying with red and black fruit. In the absence

of the fruit, it seems impossible to distinguish these varie-

ties ; the tomentum which clothes the young leaves particu-

larly being more or less deciduous ; so that both states may

be seen with glabrous or woolly foliage. Dr. Linpiey’s

Pyrus floribunda is surely only the black-fruited kind, retain-

ing the down on the foliage, and thus, as he observes, par-

taking of the character assigned to both respectively.

Descr. Our plant forms a handsome bush, five to six

feet high, copiously branched, the branches with dark brown,

glossy bark, the young shoots green and downy. Leaves

obovato-lanceolate, acute, finely serrated, almost sessile,

reticulated with veins and with glands on the midrib, the

young ones, especially beneath, and frequently in a more

advanced stage, clothed with rather thick down ; at length,

often wholly glabrous. Corymbs copious on the short

branches, about as large as those of the White Thorn.

Calyx often tinged with bright red, and the anthers before

bursting are of the same colour. Petals obovate, concave,

slightly stained with blush.

7920 WAT

> n o ‘ yy x “ae e 17s

Witch Del* Pub by, S Curtis. Glezenwood Fssex ug. L152

( 3669 )

CatTrLeva Mosstm Mrs. Moss’s Supers

CATTLEYVA. vax: ct & fs igs

; Be

yy te

KEKE EKER EEK KEREE EER

Class and Order.

GynanpriA Monanpri.

(Nat. Ord.—Onrcuipez. )

Generic Character.

Sepala membranacea vel carnosa, patentia, equalia. Pe-

tala sepius majora. Labellum cucullatam, columnam in-

volveus, trilobum vel indivisum. Colwmna clavata, elongata,

semiteres, marginata, cum labello articulata. Anthera car-

nosa, 4-locularis, septorum marginibus membranaceis.

Pollinia 4, caudiculis totidem replicatis —Herbe epiphyte,

(Americane ) pseudo-bulbose. Folia solitaria vel bina cori-

acea. Flores terminales, speciosissimi, sepe e spatha mag-

na erumpentes. Lindl.

Specific Name and Character.

Carrieya Mossie ; caule elongato ramoso pseudo-bulbi-

fero, pseudo-bulbis oblongis sulcatis, floribus giganteis

speciocissimis, sepalis lanceolatis, petalis elliptico-ova-

tis unguiculatis marginibus oblique crispatis, labello

latissimo obovato intus flavo oblique coccineo-stri-

ato, ungue in tubum superne acutissimum condupli-

cato, limbo bilobo pulcherrime crispato crenulato.

We wish our plate could do justice to this most magni-

ficent of all Orchideous plants. The flowers are very con-

siderably the largest yet known in any of this superb family ;

the colour is equally striking, with which no art of the

pencil can attempt to vie, and we may add that the fragrance

1s most powerful, resembling that of GyMNADENIA conopsea, —

but it is much stronger. The diameter of this splendid — po

flower is, from the tip of the upper sepal to the tip of the

rom the tip pper sep nian

YOu XU, 1

labellum, seven inches and a half; from tip to tip of the two

opposite petals eight inches and a half! each petal being a

little more than four inches long, and two inches and a half

in breadth :—twenty-four inches in the circumference of

the entire blossom !

I am indebted to the kindness of Mrs. Moss, of Otterspool,

near Liverpool, for the noble specimen here figured, which

was accompanied with a folio sketch of the entire plant

from her pencil: and I know of no name more appropriate

for it, as suggested by my friend Mr. Parker, than that of

the lady in whose stove it has, by the care of her skilful

gardener, Mr. James, been brought to such high perfec-

tion. This is the third lady* of Liverpool who has taken

advantage of the commercial facilities of that flourishing

town, and, by its intercourse with the New World, to im-

port from thence its most beautiful botanical productions.

The present plant was introduced through the medium of

Georce Green, Esq., of Liverpool, in September, 1836,

_ from La Guayra, a country which, were it probably investi-

gated, would amply reward a Collector by many other

novelties.

There is a general resemblance in the structure of the

flowers of several of the purple-flowered Carrieym: but, in-

dependent of the gigantic size, the present species may be

known, especially from C. labiata, its nearest affinity, by its

elongated, branching stem, bearing many deeply sulcated

pseudo-bulbs, by the much broader sepals and petals, which

latter are unguiculated at the base, and by the colour and

markings and size of the lamina of the labellum.

* The two others,

and the late Mrs. A it needs hardly here be remarked, are Mrs. HoRSFALL

RNOLD HaRRIson.

4. Lief Pub by S Curtis

Viarnwood Pesex Aug? 7. 7#38

( 3670 )

RHODODENDRON ALBIFLORUM. WHITE-

FLOWERED RHODODENDRON.

KEKE KEKE EEE EEE EKER EEK RK

Class and Order.

Decanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Enricine2. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla infundibuliformis 5-loba. Sta-

_ mina 5—10, declinata: antheris apice biporosis. Capsula

5-locularis, 5-valvis, ab apice dehiscens, valvarum margin-

ibus inflexis, dissepimenta formantibus. Receptaculum

centrale. Semina membrana involuta.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Ruopopenpron albiflorum ; erectum, foliis deciduis ellip-

tico-lanceolatis integerrimis membranaceis glabris in

apicibus ramorum, pedunculis fasciculatis, calycibus

subfoliaceis hispidis, corollis albis rotato-campanulatis, —

staminibus 10 erectis inclusis e#qualibus, filamentis

basi barbatis.

Ruopopenpron albiflorum. Hook. in Fl. Bor. Am. v. 2. p.

43. t. 133.

This extremely interesting and distinct species of a very

favourite genus was discovered by Mr. Drummonp in the

alpine woods of the Rocky Mountains; and seeds which

were sent by the officers of that expedition to Dr. Granam

produced plants, which have, at length, in July, 1837,

produced their delicate cream-coloured blossoms.

Descr. Shrub two to three feet high, erect, branched,

with the branches upright, clothed with a dark brown, gla-

brous bark... The leaves are confined to the young shoots

at the apices of the branches, and deciduous, elliptical-

lanceolate, submembranaceous, shortly petiolate, entire,

glabrous,

glabrous, penninerved, from an inch to an inch and a half

long. Stipules ovate, membranaceous, brown, concave,

early deciduous. Peduncles fascicled, rarely solitary, lateral

and subterminal, about an ineh long, recurved, slightly

hispid. Bracteas resembling the stipules. Flowers droop-

ing. Calyx large and deeply cut into five ovate, somewhat

foliaceous, brownish-green, obtuse, slightly hairy segments.

Corolla pure cream-white, twice as long as the calyx, rotato-

campanulate, five-lobed, lobes obtuse, rounded. Stamens

ten, hypogynous, shorter than the corolla. Filaments thick, ©

bearded at the base, white. Anthers white, of two parallel

cells, opening by a pore at the extremity. Germen ovate,

5-lobed. Style about as long as the stamens, hairy below.

Stigma peltate, five-lobed.

Fig. 1. Calyx including the Pistil. 2. 3. Stamens :—magnified,

( 3671 )

LospeuiA Bripeesit. Mr. Brinces’

LoBELIA.

KKK KKK KKK EEEKEE EK

Class and Order.

PentTanpriA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—LoseniAcez. )

Generic Character.

Corolla tubo hinc fisso (raro integro) ; limbo 5-partito.

Anthere connate. Stigma bilobum (nunc indivisum).

Capsula bilocularis (raro trilocularis), apice supero bivalvi.

—Herbex vel Suffrutices) plereque lactescentes. Folia al-

terna, integra vel laciniata, raro fistulosa. Flores racemost,

terminales vel axillares, solitarii, pedicellis bibracteatis vel

nudis. Anthere sepius barbate. Br.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Losexia Bridgesii ; suffruticosa glabra simplex, foliis lan-

ceolatis submembranaceis sensim anguste acuminatis

minute serratis basi decurrentibus, racemo elongato

bracteato bracteis pedicelli longitudine, laciniis caly-

cinis lato-subulatis, ciliato-serratis, corolle glaberrime

tubo dorso fisso basi fissuris 5 (corolla quasi 5-petala)

laciniis lineari-acuminatis, staminibus exsertis, antheris

2 apice barbulatis.

Loge Bridgesii. Hook. et Arn. Contr. S. Am, Bot. in

Bot. Journ. p. 278.

An extremely handsome species of Losexi, for our first

knowledge of which we are indebted to Mr. Briners. He

discovered it near El Castello de Amorgos, Valdivia, in the

south of Chili. (It is n. 663 of his Collection.) Since that

period the plant has been raised from seeds at the Royal

Gardens of Kew, and to Mr. Arron’s kindness we owe the

possession

possession of it. It produced its very large and handsome

flowers in the greenhouse in July, 1837.

Descr. , Plant three to four feet high. . Stem,stout, suf-

fruticose below, then herbaceous, glabrous, as is every part

of the plant, and angled and winged by the decurrent bases

of the foliage. Leaves five to six inches and more long,

lanceolate, much. acuminated, penninerved, closely and

acutely serrated, even down to the decurrent bases, up-

wards on the stem they gradually become smaller, and con-

stitute lanceolate and subulate, always strongly serrated

bracteas, among the, flowers. _ Pedicels spreading, about

half an inch long. Calyx-segments about one-fourth the

length of the corolla, erect, broadly subulate, fringed with

rather distant, coarse serratures. Corolla rose-coloured,

reflexed, cleft to the base above, and near the apex and

near the base into five linear-acuminate segments ; so that

it may almost be said there are five petals, cohering at the

middle and at the apex. Filaments combined into a tube,

deep rose-coloured above. Anthers lead-coloured, two of

them bearded at the apex. Stigma curved down a little

beyond the anthers, yellow.

na Fig, ‘e Flower, the Corolla being removed. Magnified.

Swarr oe

3672

Augl, 18.38

Li ss«

(rlazenwood

étrtis

S¢

( 3672 )

SOLANUM CAMPANULATUM. BELL-FLOWER

SoLANUM.

Class and Order.

PentanpriaA Monoeynra.

( Nat. Ord.—Sotanez. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5—10-partitus. Corolla subrotata, 4—10-fida.

Anthere conniventes apice poro gemino dehiscentes. Bacca

2, 3, 4-locularis, placentis septo adnatis. Semzna glabra.

Specific Character and Synonym.

SoLtanum campanulatum ; caule herbaceo, aculeis confertis-

simis rectis subulatis, foliis ovatis angulato -lobatis

utrinque hirsutis calycibusque aculeatissimis, racemis

simplicibus armatis, corollis campanulatis.

Sotanum campanulatum. Br. Prodr. Nov. Holl. p. 446.

(non Willd.)

A very beautiful species of Sotanum, for the first know-

ledge of which we are indebted to Mr. Brown, who found

it about Port Jackson. The specimen here figured was

communicated from the greenhouse of the Edinburgh Bo-

tanic Garden, in July, 1837.

Descr. Stem herbaceous, branched, and, as well as

almost the entire plant, hirsutely pubescent, and equally

clothed in the same parts with numerous long, straight,

slender, subulate spines, green at the base, the rest purple.

Leaves petiolate, broadly-ovate, sometimes triangulari-

ovate, deeply and irregularly lobed and angled, aculeated

on both sides, the aculei confined to the midrib (which is

often purple) and the veins. Racemes lateral and terminal,

few-flowered. Pedicels almost as long as the flower. ,Calyx

campanulate,

campanulate, five-cleft, persistent ; the segments acute, at

first spreading, afterwards connivent over the fruit, very

prickly. Corolla large, handsome, purplish-blue, broadly

campanulate, very indistinctly-lobed, lobes with an acute

point, almost aristate. Stamens five. Filaments short.

Anthers oblong-lanceolate, connivent, yellow.

Fig. 1. Calyx of the Flower. 2. Calyx, enclosing the young Fruit :—

scarcely magnified.

Pub by S Curtis Glazcnweod Essex Aug] 1838

( 3673 )

EUPHORBIA JACQUINIFLORA. JACQUINIA-

FLOWERED E\UPHORBIA, OF SPURGE.

Class and Order.

Monaecra Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—Eupnorsiacez. )

Generic Character.

Involucrum androgynum 4—5-fidum, extus appendiculis

glandulosis (petala, Z. nectaria, aliorum). Peripherici:

pedicelli incerti numeri, singuli cum singulis staminibus

articulati. Germen pedicellatum, centrale: Styli 3, 2-fidi.

Capsula 3-cocca. Spreng.

: Specific Character and Synonym.

Evupnorsia jacquiniflora ; dioica? fruticosa, foliis deflexis

longe petiolatis lato-lanceolatis, racemis axillaribus—

paucifloris, involucri lobis 5 obcordatis coccineis basi —

glandulosis cum squamis rotundatis serratis luteis in-

ternis alternantibus. 3

I regret to know nothing more of the history of this ve

singular and handsome frutescent Eupnorsia, than that it

was sent from the Berlin Botanic Garden under the appro-

priate name here retained, and that it flowers in the stove

of the Glasgow Garden during the winter months. The

fine rich red of the spreading lobes of the involucre contrast

admirably with the full and bright green of the foliage.

Descr. Our plant is a shrub, four to five feet high, with

the stem slender, branching only above, and there only

leafy. Leaves all pendent, broadly lanceolate, entire, acute, —

somewhat membranaceous, penninerved, upon long foot-

stalks. From the axils of the upper leaves arise the short

racemes of few flowers (or rather involucres,) each pedicel

with a small ovate bractea at the base. Involucre pe a

short,

short, broadly ovate, greenish tube, and a five-cleft, spread-

ing bright red limb : the segments obcordate, and having at

the mouth five-roundish, bifid, serrated, buff-coloured, con-

nivent scales. At the base of each lobe is a transverse

honey-bearing gland. © In our plant the involucres contain

only male flowers ; each consists of a pedicel with a single

stamen, subtended by a narrow linear scale. Anthers of two

globose cells, set apart at the apex of the filament.

Fig. 1,2. Unexpanded Flowers. 2. Portion of the Involucre, the Scales

removed to show the Gland. 3. Scale. 4. Male Flower and accompanying

Scale or Bractea :—magnified.

S674.

Glaxenwood Essex Aug?) 143% ,

Pub, by SO

( 3674 )

ZYGOPETALON Murrayanum. Mr. Mor-

RAYS ZYGOPETALUM.

Class and Order.

GyYNANDRIA MonaAnDRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—OrcuipeE#. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium explanatum, sepalis petalisque ascendenti-

bus subeequalibus, cum ungue producto columne conna-

tis. Labellum muticum indivisum, patens, ungue ascen-

dente, crista magna transversa carnosa. Columna brevis,

arcuata, semiteres. Anthera subbilocularis. Pollinia 2,

bipartibilia, in glandulam transversam subsessilia.—Herbe

terrestres, subacaules, foliis plicatis patentibus. Flores

speciosi, labello ceruleo.

Specific Name and Character.

Zycoretatum Murrayanum ; pseudo-bulbis ovatis profunde ©

sulcatis, foliis lanceolatis striatis, racemis plurifloris, _

sepalis petalisque ovato-lanceolatis acutis immaculatis, —

labelli lobis oblongis lateralibus erectis intermedio

4-plo majore reflexo albo basi purpureo maculato callo

prominente sulcato. 2

Zycoreratum Murrayanum. Gardn. MSS,

This new Zycoreratum has been lately discovered with —

many other treasures in the Organ Mountains of Brazil, by

Mr. Garpner, and has been named by him in compliment |

to his steady friend Mr. Stewart Murray of the Glasgow

Botanic Garden, under whose skilful management, the

bulbs sent by Mr. Garver about the middle of last year

blossomed in the early part of Winter. In the Organ

Mountains, it is found at an elevation of about four thou-

sand feet above the level of the sea.

Descr.

Descr. Pseudo-bulbs clustered, nearly three inches long,

ovate, furrowed. Leaves lanceolate, somewhat membran-

ous, acute, tapering at the base, striated. Scapes radical,

generally one from each side of a young shoot, racemose,

shorter than the foliage. Bracteas broadly lanceolate,

about as long asthe pedicels (including the germens).

Sepals and Petals spreading, pale yellow, green, ovato-

lanceolate, acute, connate at the base, nearly equal. Lip

white, deeply three lobed; the lateral lobes at the base

(where there are some dark purple streaks) erect, oblong,

incurved, the terminal or intermediate one four times as

large, nearly of the same shape, reflexed. The callosity or

crest is between the two lateral lobes, very prominent and

fleshy, recurved, somewhat furrowed. . Colwmn semiterete,

pale greenish-white, streaked with red in front, decurrent

below, where the labellum is fixed. Anther transverse,

obtuse, in a great measure sunk into the top of the column,

two-celled. Pollen two pairs of obovate, waxy masses,

fixed to a brown, triangular gland.

Fig. 1. Lip. 2. Column. 8. Outer, and 4, inner view of the Anther-

case. 9. Pollen-masses :—magnified. |

ne ee

DP. L1G328.

Pub bv § Curtis Glaxenwood. Essea

( 3675 )

IsmeENnE Macrieana. Mr. M*Lean’s

AMANCAES.

JHE HEHEHE

Class and Order.

Hexanpria Monoeynta.

( Nat. Ord.—Amaryitwesz. )

Generic Character.

Tubus curvatulus cylindricus, laciniis angustis linearibus

patulis: Filamenta conniventia (tria superiora in coronam

plerumque deflexa curvata): Anthere modice. Semina

viridia rotunda—Bulbus ovatus. Folia estiva decidua.

Bulbus semine maturo mox ortus non ante estatem sequen-

tem folia protrudit. .

Specific Name and Character.

Ismene* Macleana; germiue breviter pedunculato, perian-

thio sublutescente viridi-notato, tubo gracili triunciali,

limbo et stylo coronam superante, filamentis circiter

4-uncialibus, flore odorato, foliis viridibus. Herbert

in Late. é Sls cuiectghais als

The Glasgow Garden is indebted to J OHN M‘Leay, Esq.,

of Lima for the bulbs which produced this handsome and

delightfully fragrant Amancazs, and which Mr. Herserr

considers to be a new species, worthy of bearing the name

of the liberal gentleman through whose means we

it. Its nearest affinity is with 1. pedunculata, (Herb.

Amaryll. p. 222. t. 35. f. 2.,) from which it is distinguished

by the above characters. It flowers readily in the stove,

and makes a very handsome appearance. rot ei:

* Named after the daughter of CEdipus and Jocasta.

VOL. Xi. ho

. This is one of those plants so much celebrated by the

Peruvians under the name of AmAncags. And so great a

favourite is this flower with the people, that the plain at

the foot of the mountains, where it grows, near Lima, bears

the same name; and’ one of ithe greatest festivals at Lima,

called the “Festival. of the Amancaes,” is thus described

_ by 2 ranger anscatit visitor,

\\ “T*"_ The Amancaise isan anniial festival, celebrated at.

Lima on the 24th: of June: it is something similar to our

May-Day,; the occasion of it being the height of bloom at

that time.of a)flower peculiar to; Peru, called the ‘ Aman-

caise,’ to gather which, the citizens of every: class, in the

afternoon of the day, ‘hasten; ,as:aigala,'to a spot in the

vicinity of the city)deriving its name; as well as the festival

itself, from the’ flower which: grows more abundantly there

than in any: other place. }

** After an early dinner, our party, principally on: horse-

back, set) off... 1t was with difficulty that a sufficient number

of steeds could be secured, as every animal of the name and

similitude, in the city; is put in requisition at this time, if at

no other during the year...) |

“ We left the city by a new and handsome gate on the

North, and crossing the bridge over, the Rimac, passed

through ‘a large ‘suburb, ‘whence: we entered a regularly

planted and! beautiful. Almeda} or. aventie, a favourite pro-

menade of the Limanians, and similar to that already

described at the entrance: of the, city from Callao.

_. “After passing ithe Almeda, we entered a narrow, wind-

ing, and) sandy road, enclosed on either side-by high mud

walls and completely filled by parties in carriages, on horse-

back, and on foot, gazing at each other, and interchanging

looks; and, bows of cheerful hilarity, Here were persons

of every class of society, from the highest to! the lowest, and

of every shade, and) colour, from the fairest: Briton to the

deepest ebony of the African Tribésisj0™ bes 1 ©

-‘* At the end of two.miles, we: found ourselves elose to the

wild. and: naked hills; encircling Lima on the North and

East, and immediately, in: front of a'gorge, between two of

these, terminating at the distance of half a mile, against the

steep acclivity of a third., ‘The whole:were'bare as volcanic

ashes and sand can make them).ex¢ept where the bloom of

the flower, which had called the crowds together, exbibited;

here and there, a tinge of yellow, (for this was the ‘ Aman-

cause, the spot of our visit,) and ‘over: the precipitous sides

of which, small parties were already scattered, and even

horsemen,

horsemen, at the seeming hazard of their necks, clambering

to points, fitted, apparently, only for the footing of the goat

or chamois: | al |

« The general appearance of the multitude, at the dis-

tance first seen, was that of \a field:im America) at a general

militia-muster, or of a race course: anda nearer view, save

in the variety of colour and novelty’ of: costume, did not

lessen the resemblance. |:'There: was the same bustle and

hum of laugh and talk; thesame pressing and hurrying from

one place to another; the confused sound of musical instru-

ments in different directions, and the loud and: coarse mirth

of the booth and the stallos'))) co) Couly vouten oF

“On either side: of:the-way were carriages drawn’ by

mules, with a:postillion and footman; and filled ‘with ladies

and children in: rich) evening dress:;;around these; groups

of genteel-looking horsemen were gathered: in gay'conver-

sation and laughter ; while:;within a few rods:onevery side,

might be seen 'thronged ‘circles, ‘in ‘the midst'\of which,

negroes and negresses, in as’full: dress: as their masters and

mistresses, were ‘dancing to) music scarce less heathénish,

vulgar, and rude, than that heard within the kraals of their

aboriginal country. . "

«« Every person! was? decorated with the Amancuise, ‘and

clusters of the flowers were placed in'the bridles and harness

of the horses, as well as on the hats and headdress of the’

riders: Mi Mt JO 9st

« We rodeto a rancho, or booth, for the purpose of tast-

ing a‘common drink of the country, called: Chiehi:'' It is

made from new corn ground, and tastes much like the:beer

at a distillery of Whiskey after fermentation, and before

distillation has taken place.» The primitive and favourite

preparation of itamong the Indianswas by chewing, in the

manner of the 4va at the! Sandwich Islands : a fact, which

I was satisfied not to have learned till after: my curiosity in

tasting it had been indulged) crmoy ov) | 1s IHG IOE

** By this time, the scene around had reached the height

of interest in its novel'and varied exhibition. Inaddition’ to

hundreds of 'Calesas, the clumsy and antique carriage in

general use, there were two English chariots, two barouches,

two gigs, anda few other foreign vehicles, on the ground.

One or two Scotch and English ladies, on horseback; were

also distinguished inthe throng, anda few Spanish ladies,

mounted, in similar dresses and attitude; while other na-

tives, male and female, Peruvians, both Spaniards and

Indians, Negroes and Negresses of every shade, and “A an

evo endless

endless variety of costume, some on foot, and others on

every kind of animal, from the noblest of horses to the

sorriest jackass, were scattered in thousands around.

“« It was not long before the fashionables began to move

on a return, and the mob slowly to follow ; many of those

on foot dancing as they went, to the rude tunes of the

Negroes, still heard ata distance. I observed one Peruvian

female advance in this manner at least a quarter of a mile,

turning, as in a waltz, the whole time, in the midst of car-

riages and gay horsemen, apparently in danger every mo-

ment of being run over.

“In coming from the city, I had noticed at the termina-

tion of the road where we entered the Amancaise, a kind of

tent, in crimson hangings, at which there was dancing and

music, with a crowd around. The throng pressing forward

was, however, so great, that I merely observed a man and

woman, running to the carriages and horsemen passing,

with plates extended, for money., On our way back, we

stopped here for a moment, the musicians were still playing ;

the instruments, a violin, flute, and rude harp ; the air, a

monotonous repetition of a few wild notes... But what most

astonished and affected me, and what is perfectly character-

istic of the religious views and state of the people, was to

behold a table, in front of which the dancers were, spread

with the flowers of the Amancaise, at which was seated a

full length waxen figure. of the Saviour of men, crowned

with thorns, and streaming with blood !—representing him

who was emphatically, ‘a. man.of sorrows and acquainted

with grief,’ thus presiding over a scene of mirth and folly.

This sight induced a sadness, which all the gaiety of the

thousands we met and passed on our way to the city could

not dissipate ; and it was only with the deep tones of the

be a bell, falling upon us from the towers of the cathe-

dral, as we entered the royal square, invoking from all a

moment, at least, for solemnity and prayer, that a change

of thought and feeling came over me.” Stewart’s Visit to

the South Seas.

Fig. 1. Flower, with the Limb of the Perianth removed; nat. size.

W. Fitch. Delt

Swan Se.

Pub. by 5. Curtis. Glaxenwood Essex Sep? L 1838 ae

( 3676 )

PoOTENTILLA GLABRA. GLABROUS POTEN-

TILLA.

Class and Order.

Icosanpr1A PonyeyniA.

( Nat. Ord.—Rosacex. )

Generic Character.

Calycis tubus concavus, limbus 4—5-fidus, extus 4—5-

bracteolatus. Petala A—5. Stamina numerosissima. Car-

pella numerosissima ‘stylo laterali donata, in receptaculo

procumbente persistente exsucco capitata. Semen appen-

som.—Herbe aut Suffrutices foliis compositis, stipulis peti-

olo adnatis; floribus albis lutets rariter rubris. ee

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Porentitia glabra ; caule fruticoso erecto, ramis nutan+

tibus, foliis pinnatis bijugis sursum ternatis vel simpli-~

cibus utrinque glabris nitidis subtus glaucis (floribus”

albis.) His tG, eas 1StTB coed, th

Porentitta glabra. Lodd. Bot. Cabinet, 914. Graham, in

0. Ed: Phil. Journ, March, 1838. | bi

This is a very pretty little shrub, producing in abundance

_ its small, rosaceous, white blossoms ; its erect, rigid stem,

and arched branches, forming a neat round bush, and fitting. .

it for cultivation along with the smaller ornamental species

of Cistus. The flowers appeared in succession in the open

border at the Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, during August

and September. ‘The species is a native of Siberia, and is

stated by Mr. Loppices to have been received by him from

Mr. Buscu of St. Petersburg in 1822. The difficulty of

propagating it, noticed by Mr. Loppiezs, is probably the

reason why it is so seldom seen in collections.

Descr.

Descr. Shrub erect, rigid, every where glabrous, ex-

cepting occasionally on the edges of the leaflets, on the

young shoots, peduncles, and outside of the calyx, where

there are a few long, spreading hairs. Flowering branches

cernuous. Leaves very numerous, small, pinnate, bijugate,

those towards the flowers ternate, or at the base of the

peduncle simple; leaflets ovato-acute, turned forwards at

their apices, reflected at their sides, slightly undulate,

veined, shining above, glaucous below, the upper pair

slightly decurrent, and often united at their base to the

terminal leaflet. Stipules dry and membranous, brown, 2-

ribbed, united in front of the petiole, and about as long as

it, bifid at the apex. Peduneles (about half an inch long)

reflected upwards, collected in small numbers, or solitary

near the extremity of the branches. Petals subrotund,

entire, white, longer than the calyx. Styles short and ab-

rupt. Receptacle hairy. Graham.

I take the earliest opportunity afforded by a vacant space in the

present number of the Magazine, to offer my very sincere apology to

J. R. Gowen, Esq., for having spoken of him, at p. 3667, as the

“ gardener,” at High Clere; whereas the gardener is Mr. Linpsay.

Mr. Gowen is a gentleman of independent fortune, much devoted to

Science, and well known in the most respectable circles in London;

and under whose advice and direction many of the improvements at-

High Clere had been effected by the late Earl of CazERNARVON :—a

circumstance which led to my unfortunate mistake. W. J. H.

I6T7.

tis (lazenmoo

<dLEssex Sep? 1.183% Swan Se.

( 3677 )

SoPpHRONITIS CERNUA. DROOPING-FLOWERED

SoPpHRONITIS.

eS Si Si ORES SS SS Sh Sh Si

Class and Order.

GyNANDRIA MonanpriA.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuipea. )

Generic Character.

Pollinia 8, antice et postice parallela, caudicula duplici

pulverea, glandula o? Anthera terminalis opercularis 8-

locularis, cardine crasso. Stigma concavum rostello ob-

tuso. Columna libera apice utrinque alata, alis integris

conniventibus super cristam labelli. Labellum integrum

cucullatum linguiforme, basicum columna connatum, medio

crista simplici transversa. Sepala subequalia, imbricata,

basi libera.—Herba epiphyta ( Braziliensis ) monophylla, non

bulbosa, racemis axillaribus effusis paucifloris, floribus ru-

bris. Lindl.

Specific Character and Synonym.

SopHronitis * cernua.

Sopnronitis cernua. Lindl. (in a note upon Evropaia

ensata) Bot. Reg. t. 1147.

Soruronia cernua. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1129.

*« This pretty little Epresyre was added to Sir Cnarres

Lemon’s Collection at Carclew, in August, 1836, and flow-

ered in November, 1837. Its native country is Brazil,

whence it was first introduced to our stoves by WiLt1AmM

Harrison, Esq. Specimens were also gathered by Mr.

Garpner in the Organ Mountains, and are distributed as

No. 665 of the second collection. The plant rr

* From cwQpor, modest, from its unassuming appearance.

high temperature, and to be kept rather moist. It thrives

pretty well when placed on the branch of an old apple tree,

to which it soon attaches itself by means of its long, clasp-

ing, round, ash-coloured roots.

** Descr. Pseudo-bulbs one-leaved, roundish-oblong, alter-

nate, dark green, nearly concealed by the thin, sheathing,

brownish covering in which they are enveloped, becoming

when old flattish, compressed, and wrinkled. Leaves ovate,

sessile, smooth, thick and leathery, rather more than an inch

long, and three-fourths of an inch broad, cordate at the

base, slightly pointed, and of a rich green colour. Scape

short and round, issuing from the base of the leaves, on our

plant four-flowered, but on the old specimens they appear-

ed to have been eight or nine, with a small“acuminate, per-

sistent bracte at the base of each. Pedicels round, thicken-

ing outwardly, of a greenish-orange as well as the buds,

which are triangular and pointed. Sepals spreading, ovate-

oblong, acute, of a bright reddish-orange. Petals similar

in form and colour, but rather broader and rounder at the

point. .When the flower has been some time open, both

sepals and petals become reflexed. Labelluma little shorter

than the petals, and of a paler orange, ovate acuminate,

slightly concave, with the edges turned up so as to embrace

the column on each side, and having two, somewhat reni-

form, fleshy protuberances at its base. Colwmn about half

the length of the labellum, roundish above, with two wings

beneath tipped with dark pink. Anther-case brownish-red,

two-celled, containing four pairs of thin, ovate-acuminate,

yellow, pollen-masses in each.”

I am indebted to Mr. Boorn, of the Carclew Gardens,

for the above description and for the drawing from which

the plate was engraved. -

A> oe ‘ am Pe og

L+:é by § Cudés Cloacrwoodl Frsor bape! 7.238 3A Swans

( 3678 )

ARTHROSTEMMA VERSICOLOR. CHANGEABLE-

FLOWERED ARTHROSTEMMA.

Class and Order.

Ocranpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord. —Metastomaces.) —

Generic Character.

Cal. tubus turbimatus campanulatusve sepé pilis setis

squamisve vestitus ; lobi 4 lanceolati persistentes : appen~

dices inter lobos nulle. Petala 4. Stamina 8, filamentis

glaberrimis ; anthere oblonge 1-porose connectivo longi-

usculo basi obtuse biauriculato. _Ovarium apice setosum.

Capsula \-locularis. Semina cochleata—Herbe aut suffru-

tices habitu subvarii, omnes Americani. Genus heteroge~

neum et in posterum dividendum ! interea ne generum multi-

plicatis nimia evadat, hic indivisum retinui. DC. |

Specific Character and Synonyms. fod

ArtHrostemMa versicolor ; suffruticosum undique pilosum,

foliis petiolatis ovatis serrulatis 3—5-nerviis, floribus

terminalibus solitariis ebracteatis, calycis lobis 4 line-

ari-oblongis reflexis, ore intus 8-glanduloso.

Arrnrostemna versicolor. De Cand. Prodr. v. 3. p. 137.

Raexia versicolor. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1066.

An exceedingly pretty Melastomaceous plant, probably

not an unfrequent native of Brazil. It was first detected

by Mr. M‘Rae at St. Catherine’s, who was the Collector

there for the Horticultural Society ; and since, on the same

line of coast, by Mr. T'weepte, from whose seeds it was

raised at the Glasgow Botanic Garden, and the little bushy

plants are pretty thickly studded with their delicate flowers

in July and August. It seems to require the heat of the

Stove to bring it to perfection.

_ Desce.

Descr. Plant eight to ten inches high, somewhat

shrubby at the base, above herbaceous, much and dichoto-

mously branched, four-sided, hispid with spreading hairs.

Leaves opposite, rarely, at the dichotomies, quatenate,

ovate, acute, spreading, serrated, hispid and ciliated, three

to five-nerved, paler, sometimes reddish beneath: upper

leaves gradually smaller, so that the plant terminates in a

somewhat leafy panicle. Flowers solitary, terminal, upon

a short hispid pedicel. Calyx hispid: tube ovate, the limb

of four reflexed linear-oblong segments; there are no

scales alternating with the segments, but a bristle there

situated is generally larger than the rest: within at the

mouth are eight small coloured glands. Petals four, obo-

vate, approaching to round, of a pale rose-colour, fringed

at the apex. Stamens eight, exserted, nearly erect, equal.

Anther oblong, acuminate, yellow, with two gibbosities at

the base. Germen free, ovate, hispid at the apex. Style

filiform, exserted.

Fig. 1. Calyx with its Pistil 2’ The same laid open. 8. Petal. 4.

Stamens.

liv fvlich del® Pubby §. Curtis &

* Pa . , De or ry SE

tanenwood Essex sep” £1822 has tee)

( 3679 )

ASPASIA VARIEGATA. VARIEGATED ASPASIA.

Class and Order.

GyYNANDRIA MonanpRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuivez. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium patens, equale. Sepala lateralia libera ;

supremum cum petalis basi et dorso columne connatum.

Labellum oblongum, concavum, ecalcaratum, obsolete 4-

lobum, cum columna semiconnatum. Columna labello

parallela, semiteres, marginata. Anthera bilocularis. Pol-

linia 2, pyriformia, postice sulcata, caudicula plana cuneata,

glandula parva.—Herbe epiphyte, caulescentes, pseudo-

bulbose. Folia subcoriacea. Spice radicales, breves. Lindl.

Specific Name and Character.

Aspasta* variegata ; pseudo-bulbo oblongo ancipiti-com-

presso basi et ad apicem diphyllo, foliis elongato-lan-

ceolatis, subenerviis, scapo radicali unifloro bracteato,

perianthii foliolis lanceolatis, labelli subtrilobi bituber- _

culosi ungue elongato columna connato,

Aspasia variegata. Lendl. Bot. Reg. t. 1907.

This, I at first considered a new Zyeoretatum. It will,

however, be seen to be the same plant with the Aspasia

variegata of Professor Linptey. It was sent from Trinidad

in 1835 by Mr. Cross to the Glasgow Botanic Garden,

where it produced its beautifully marked and highly fra-

grant flowers in July, 1837.

Descr. Pseudo-bulbs clustered, oblong, compressed and

two-edged, pale green, smooth at the base, at each angle is

* From acrafouas, I embrace, in allusion to the manner in which the

column is embraced by the labellum.

a sheathing scale terminated with a leafy appendage, and

each pseudo-bulb is also terminated with a pair of elon-

gated, moderately thin, lanceolate, recurved and somewhat

nerveless leaves, about a span long: from the base of the

pseudo-bulb, and in the axil of the leafy scale, arises the

scape, two to three inches in height, and bearing two or

three small bractee, and a single flower. Sepals and petals

alike, lanceolate, the three former widely spreading, the

two latter erecto-patent, all yellow-green, beautifully pen-

cilled with brown lines, which are interrupted by pale

bands. Lip with a long claw, which is united for its whole

length with the column, its lamina broadly ovate, three-

lobed, with a small, reflexed point, yellowish-white, streak-

ed with purple lines; at the base are two deep orange spots,

and in the middle are two slightly elevated oblong tuber-

cles. Column quite erect, cylindrical, grooved in front,

pale green, tawny upwards. Pollen-masses two, obovate,

bipartite—The anther-case had fallen before I had the:

opportunity of seeing the specimen, |

Fig. 1. Column and Lip:—slightly magnified.

Werbere Del*

Lub by 5S Curtis Glazenwood Essex Seo? LI036

( 3680 )

Guapio_tus Morrtonius. Mr. Morron’s

GLADIOLUS.

SR eekkek

Class and ‘Order:

Trianpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Iripez. )

Generic Character.

Corolla tubulosa, limbo 6-partito irregulari. Stamina

adscendentia. Stigmata filiformia indivisa. Semina alata.

Spr.

Specific Name and Character.

Grapiotus Mortonius; foliis 8—9 viridibus nervosis acutis

tortilibus 3 une. latis 10-uncialibus flabelliformiter

divergentibus, scapo sesquipedali, floribus antice spec-

tantibus sex vel ultra undulatis reflexo - patentibus

substriatis albo-roseis, stylo antherisque albescentibus.

WH.

Gtapiotus Mortonius. Herbert, MSS.

A new species, from the East coast of Southern Africa,

for the drawing and character of which, we are indebted to

the Hon. and Rev. Wituiam Herserr of Spofforth, who,

we are happy to say, is devoting the same attention to the

Iripeg, which he has lately paid to the AMArYLupes, and

we trust the public will derive the same advantage from

the result of his labours, by the publication of them also.

That gentleman received the plant from Messrs. Roxztsons,

and named it in compliment to the person who sent it to

this country. He observes that, in the posture of its

flowers, it belongs to the European and Natal-river species,

and seems to have some affinity to Guaproxus oppositiflorus,

(Hers. Amaryl. p. 366.,) but is not half so tall.

™~, JI6A4l,

Hatter Fitch del! Fibs bu 3. CurasClazeniwved sextet 2 l

( 3681 )

SPATHODEA PENTANDRA. FIVE-STAMENED

SpATHODEA.

SKE KEK KEKE KEK EERE REE

Class and Order.

DipynaMiIA ANGIOSPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Bienontacez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. spathaceus, hinc fissus. Cor. infundibuliformis,

limbo 5-fido inequali. Filamentum quintum sterile. Stig-

ma bilamellatum. Caps. siliqueformis falcata sub-4-locu-

laris, dissepimento valvis contrario suberoso. Spreng.

Specific Name and Character.

Spatnopea * pentandra ; arborea, foliis impari - pinnatis,

foliolis plurijugis lato-ovatis acuminatis undulatis gla-

bris acute serratis, panicula terminali thrysoidea gla-

berrima, corolle limbo bilabiato sepissime 6-lobo 5-

andro cum rudimento sterili.

Seeds of this noble Bignoniaceous tree were received from

India by Mr. Murray of the Glasgow Botanic Garden,

under the name of “ Bienonia pentandra,” a name of Lov-

REIRO, referred by Wittpenow to B. Indica, a very different

species from the present, which, on account of the structure

of the calyx I refer to Sparnopea. Indeed I do not find it

anywhere described, but it will probably rank next to

Bienonta (Spathodea, Spr.) 4-locularis, Roxs. Cor. t. 145:

which has, however, much smaller leaves, a tomentose pa-

nicle, and a nearly regular limb to the corolla. Our plant

did not flower till it had attained a height of nearly twenty

feet. This occurred in June, 1838.

: Descr.

* onaln, a spatha, from the sheathing nature of the calyx.

VOL. XII. L

Descr. Trunk erect, straight, slender, branched slightly

and only at the top, where alone it is leafy. Leaves two to

three feet and more long, impari-pinnate. Leaflets oppo-

site, from five to ten or twelve pairs, ovate, glabrous, (as

is every part of the plant,) waved, serrated, strongly penni-

nerved, the nerves prominent beneath. The rachis round-

ed, swollen at the insertion of the leaflets. Panicle of

many large, handsome flowers, so compact as to form a

thyrsus. Peduncles and pedicels red, rough, with raised

points. Calyx red, oblong, somewhat inflated, split to the

base on one side, the apex bifid. Corolla two inches long:

tube inflated upwards, yellowish. Limb two-lipped, white

mottled with purple: upper lip of two, lower of three or

four obtuse, waved and somewhat crenated lobes. Sta-

mens four, and didynamous ; a fifth solitary stamen is pre-

sent when the corolla is six-lobed: and there is besides the

rudiment of a sixth stamen. Anthers large, white. Germen

linear, inserted upon a yellowish gland or disk. Style white,

filiform, bent at the base. Stigma of two lanceolate plates.

1, Calyx and Pistil. 2. Base of the Corolla with Stamens. 3. Pistil,

and hypogynous Disk :—magnified.

IGS 2.

” Watch del? eee

Pitch ae Pub by 3. Curtis Clasermood Fsyex. Ott: 2 1038 SwanSe

( 3682 )

PLEUROTHALLIS GroByt. THE Grogy

PLEUROTHALLIS.

EREEREREEEEREKKEEEEEEES

Class and Order.

GyNANDRIA Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—OrcuipeEz. )

Generic Character.

Sepala conniventia subequalia: lateralibus v. omnibus

connatis. Petala minora. Labellum \liberum, cum co-

Jumna subparallelum, integerrimum, petalis difforme. Co-

lumna elongata, aptera, libera, cum ovario continua. An-

thera apice membranacea. Pollinia duo, nunc materia

pulverea ad apicem coherentia—Herbe epiphyte, rhizo-

mate repente filiformi. Caules filiformes monophylli, sepius

vaginatt. Flores axillares, solitarii, v. fasciculati, v. race-

mosi, herbacei v. fusct. Lindl.

Specific Character and Synonym.

PreurotHaLus Grobyi ; folio oblougo-spathulato racemo

laxo gracili multoties breviore, bracteis minimis mem-

branaceis, sepalis costatis oblongis acutis lateralibus

apice tantum sejunctis, petalis lanceolatis, labello line-

ari obtuso carnoso superne unisulcato.

Prevrotuauus Grobyi. Bateman in Bot. Reg. t. 1797.

This is a Brazilian plant, sent from the Organ Mountains,

near Rio Janeiro, by Mr. Garpner, to the Glasgow Gar-

den, in the spring of 1836, and it flowered in the stove

in July of 1837. It seems almost to connect the P. ene

_ * Of the P. picta we have received beautiful flowering specimens at the

time of writing this, from our often-mentioned friend C.S. PARKER, Esq., of

Liverpool,

of Linptey with the P. Groby, (both from Guiana,) having

leaves more resembling the former, and flowers more ac-

cording with the latter, but rather longer in proportion to

the diameter. It is of larger growth than either, but, on

the whole, I am disposed to refer it to P. Grobyz. |

Descr. Plants growing loosely tufted, many from one

point: each consisting of a slender, almost filiform stem,

and one oblongo-spathulate, somewhat coriaceous Jeaf,

from the base of which arises the peduncle, four to five

inches long, extremely slender, almost capillary, reddish,

bearing a distichous raceme of flowers ; the rachis zigzag.

Flowers yellow-green, streaked with red ; upper sepal, as it

is usually considered; ovato-lanceolate, the two side ones

much narrower, united into one by their lower edge: thus

the flower appears to be two-lipped. Petals very small,

lanceolate. Lip the size of the petals, jointed on the de-

current_base of the column, oblong, obtuse, furrowed, and

with two small tubercles near the middle. Column as long

as the lip. Anther sunk into the top of the column.

Fig. 1. Flower. © 2. Flower from which the two lateral\Sepals are remov-

ed.. 3. Column and Lip. 4, Front view of the Column :—magnijied.

KB Pitch. dtel*®

Sub. by

S, Clertis

tis blazenwood.

Od Reser Oct. / L858.

Swan Se

C 3683 )

VERONICA PROSTRATA; y., satureizfolia.

Prostrate SpEEDWELL; Savory-leaved var.

Class and Order. é

Dianpria Monoeynia.

_ ( Nat. Ord.—Scroruutarina. )

Generic Character. * ;°

Cor, 4-fida, rotata; lacinia infima angustiore. Caps. 2-

locularis apice emarginata. f

Specific Character and Synonyms. ,

Veronica:prostrata ; foliis sessilibus oblongis obtusis serra-—

tis superioribus lanceolatis planis, calycibus 4—5-par-

titis, caule florifero ascendente.

Veronica prostrata. © Vahl, Enum. 1. p.%75. De Cand. Fl.

Fr. v. 3. p. 460. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 73.

Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. ULI.

(8.) minor. 3

(y.) satureizfolia. Roem. et Schult.l.c. y. satureizfolia.

Poit. et Turp. Fl. Par. p. 22; spicis lateralibus caulem

prostratum superantibus, foliis infimis oblongis su-

perne serratis, intimis subdenticulatis, aliis linearibus

integerrimis. (Tab. nostr. 3683.)

A hardy perennial ; a native of France, Germany, Italy,

and Switzerland, and well deserving of cultivation on ac-

count of the very brilliant blue of the flowers, in conjunc-

tion with their large size and constant succession from a

very long raceme. It blossoms during the summer months.

Descr. Stem prostrate at the base and purplish, then

erect and green, more or less downy, as is the entire plant.

Leaves opposite, mostly oblong, especially in the lower

part of the plant, spreading, or somewhat reflexed, a

serrat

serrated, and marked with a few nerves, which have a direc-

tion almost parallel with the midrib, dark green above,

paler beneath : the upper leaves are narrower, less serrated,

and the uppermost are linear and quite entire. Racemes

axillary, pedunculated, a span long, loaded with blossoms

in various stages of expansion. Pedicels about as long as

the calyx, witha linear stipule at the base. Calyx oblique,

deeply five-cleft, almost partite, the segments lanceolate,

unequal. Corolla rotate, of four spreading, broadly-ovate

lobes, of which the lower one is the smallest. Style slender,

blue; Stigma capitate.

Fig. 1. Calyx including the Pistil, Pedicel, and Bractea :—magnified.

Swanse

S. Curtis Glazenwood k'ssex Oetd 1838

Pub by

( 3684 )

SoLANUM FRAGRANS. FraGrant Sours

AMERICAN NIGHTSHADE.

SER E EK EKEEEE EEE EEE EEK

Class and Order.

PentranpriA Monoeynia.

‘ ( Nat. Ord. —Sotanez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. monophyllus, persistens. Cor. monopetala, rotata.

Anthere oblong, apice poris duobus dehiscentes. Bacca

bi- tri-quadrilocularis. :

Specific Name and Character.

Soranum fragrans ; arborescens, foliis geminis ovatis cor-

datisve inequalibus integerrimis, racemis solitariis ex

axillis ramorum, floribus secundis pedicellis inferio-

ribus maxime elongatis, calyce 5-fido, corollis lato-

campanulatis profunde 5-partitis, limbo reflexo, stami-

nibus geniculatis, stigmate dilatato concavo.

This extremely curious Soranum was sent from South

Brazil by Mr. Tweep1e, to the Glasgow Botanic Garden.

It grew rapidly, but for the first two years showed no dispo-

sition to flower in a pot, when it was removed into a border

in the great stove, where it soon reached a height of twelve

to fourteen feet, and in the month of June produced its

singular racemes of changeable coloured flowers, the fra-

grance of which is peculiarly powerful and agreeable. I

can find no description of a Soranum which agrees with it ;

but there is, in Dr. Scoomsurex’s collection from Guiana, a

species which comes near to it, but there the calyx is almost

entire ; the segments of the corolla are not reflexed nor

glabrous, and the stamens are very different.

Descr. Stem erect, arborescent, twelve or ——

high in our cultivated plant, bearing at the top many long

branches spreading horizontally, glabrous, as is every part

of the plant. Leaves in pairs, rarely solitary, unequal, peti-

olated : the lesser one on the shorter petiole, cordate, short-

ly acuminate, entire, glossy and somewhat succulent ; the

larger one on a longer petiole, and rather ovate than cor-

date, dark green, a little paler beneath. From the forking

of the branches the peduncles have their origin ; these are

pendent, bearing a raceme of flowers, of which the pedicels

are all secund, the lower ones, (and, indeed, all of them as

the blossoms expand, ) singularly reflexed, that is, bent in the

direction of the base of the Sebi. but the mouth of the

flowers all directed downwards. Calyx a shallow cup with

five spreading, rather short, triangular lobes. Buds at first

purple, then greenish, at length when fully open, green

with a dark streak on the back of each segment: valvate

but not plicate in estivation. The corolla is thick and

fleshy, rotato-campanulate ; that is broadly campanulate,

and deeply cut into five oblong, reflexed segments. Sta-

‘mens with the filament short, bent back, and suddenly geni-

culated at the top, so as to incline the anthers forward, of

which the tips reach the top of the style, while their bases

are at a considerable distance, purplish : the connectivum

swollen and gibbous at the base. Germen subglobose,

tapering into a very short, thick style. Stigma dilated,

very thick, green, transversely oval, concave, with two

swellings or tubercles within.

Fig. 1. Stamens and Pistil: the Calyx and Corolla almost entirely re-

moved. 2. Nearly front view of a Stamen. 3. Back view of ditto. 4.

Pistil. 5. Section of the Germen:—magnified. —

‘/*

W. Fizch del? ; Pub. by S Curtis Clarxenwood Essex. Ootd 1938.

( 3685 )

Ipom@A Puatensis. Tue Piata lpomma.

KKK KEK EEK EEE KEE REE EER |

Class and Order.

Prentanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Convoxrvutacez. )

- Generic Character.

Cal. 5-partitus,; nudus.’ Cor. campanulata v. mfundibuli-

formis, 5-plicata. Germen 2—3-loculare, loculis dispermis.

Stylus indivisus. Stigma capitatum, 2—3-lobum. Caps.

2—3-locularis. Br. —

Specific Character and Synonyms.

fpomza Platensis ; volubilis, foliis palmatis lobis septenis

“cuneato-oblongis obtusis extimis minoribus, peduncu-

lis 2—4-floris petiolo longioribus, calycis foliolis ‘sub-

rotundato-ovatis obtusis. 3

(a.) pedunculis petiolisque tuberculatis.

Ipomza Platensis. Herb. in Bot. Reg. t, 333. :

(8.) pedunculis levibus, petiolis tuberculatis. (Tab. nostr.

3685.) oJ f | Se) has baguste

A very handsome Iromaa, a native of the banks of the

Plata, for our first knowledge of which we are indebted to

the Hon. and Rev. Wini1am Hersert of Spofforth, who

raised it from seeds sent by Mr. Coorer. It has again been

transmitted in the year 1836, by Mr. Tweepie, from the

same country, to the Glasgow Botanic Garden, where it

blossomed in great perfection in the stove, in the month of

August, 1837.

Descr. The stem, as is'so common in this genus, is

long and climbing, the younger shoots slender and green.

Leaves petiolate, glabrous, palmate, or rather pedate, for

the lobes are five, lanceolate, or oblongo-lanceolate, obtuse,

the two lower ones again divided, the lowest segments

smaller

smaller than any of the rest. Petioles shorter than the

leaves, terete, flexuose, tubercled ; but in this variety the

tubercles are small and partial. Peduncles axillary, soli-

tary, slender, tubercled in «, smooth in #8, longer than the

petioles, but shorter than the leaves, bearing an umbel or

cyme of from two to four handsome flowers, each pedicel

having a bractea at the base. Calyx of five, imbricated,

broadly oval, concave leaflets, closely appressed to the

base of the flower. Corolla between hypocrateriform and

funnel-shaped, of a delicate lilac colour, with a broad five-

lobed, spreading linb. Germen ona glandular disk. Stegma

two-lobed, granulated.

Fig. 1. Pistil :—magnified.

ty,7e D,.} Py ae ee ae ae

td} et Lub by SCartis. Glarenwood Essex. Feta. TES. ‘

( 3686 )

Z.YGOPETALON MAXILLARE. 'TREE-F'ERN

ZY GOPETALON.

KEKE EEE EEE EEE EKER ERE

Class and Order.

GyNANDRIA Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuivez. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium explanatum, sepalis petalisque ascenden-

tibus subequalibus, cum ungue producto columne conna-

tis. Labellum muticum, indivisum, patens, ungue ascen-

dente ; crista magna, transversa, carnosa. Columna brevis,

arcuata, semiteres. Anthera subbilocularis. Pollinia 2,

bipartibilia, in glandulam transversam subsessilia.—Herbe

epiphyte, subacaules ; foliis plicatis patentibus. Flores spe-

ctost, labello ceruleo. Lindl.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

ZyGoPrETALON maxillare ; pseudo-bulbis oblongis sulcatis,

foliis lanceolatis nervosis basi attenuatis, sepalis peta-

lisque ovato-oblongis acutis subeequalibus, labelli tri-

lobi obtuse calcarati lobis lateralibus erectis crista un-

guliformi crenato maximo unitis intermedio patente

majori subrotundo. ,

ZYGOPETALON maxillare. Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1776. Lindl.

Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 188.

A very beautiful epiphyte, remarkable for the colour of

the labellum, which is a rich and very deep purple, and

still more so for the form of the large callosity at its base,

which Mr. LoppieEs compares to the lower jaw of an ani-

mal, and which in shape resembles a horse’s hoof. If well

grown this is one of the most beautiful of its tribe, for it

has in its native forests a rhizoma more than six feet in

length, while from the tops of its branches the racemes of

flowers:

flowers appear, of which there are three within a few inches

of each other; in the native specimen in my Herbarium.

Mr. Garpner found it on the Organ Mountains in April

of last year, and always growing upou the stems of the

Tree Ferns. It flowered readily in the stove of the Glasgow

Botanic Garden, in June, 1838, a few months after the

plant was imported.

Descr. Pseudo-bulbs oblong, furrowed: Leaves eight to

ten inches in length, lanceolate, membranaceous, strongly

nerved, attenuated at the base. Scapes longer than the

leaves, each bearing six to eight large handsome flowers,

with sheathing scales, which pass into bracteas that sheath

the germen. Sepals and petals spreading, nearly equal,

(the latter the narrowest,) ovato-oblong, acute, green with

transverse, brown blotches. Lip. horizontal, purple, the

two sidelobes erect. and united to'the remarkably large,

deep, glossy. purple, notched, and horse-shoe-shaped callo-

sity; the middle lobe roundish, waved, and obscurely lobed :

the base of the lip below forms a blunt spur along with the

decurrent base of the column; which latter is short and

broad, incurved, purple. Anther-case transversely oblong,

yellow, with a blunt point at the top. |

Fig. 1. Lip and Column, side view. 2. Column and Anther; front view :

—magnified. — Sine:

Nou. i 1858

ba |

tS)

™~

es)

4 ~

“Me )

GONGORA MACULATA. SpotTrep GoNGORA.

Class and Order.

GyNANDRIA Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuipex. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium explanatum. Sepala \ateralia libera divari-

cata, supremum cum dorso columne connatum. Pet. mi-

nora columne medio adnata. Labellum cum basi columne

continuum, liberum, unguiculatum, hypochilio explanato

utrinque cornuto, epichilio verticali ancipiti (faciebus op-

positis complicatis connatis) acuminato. Columna longis-

sima, arcuata, clavata marginata. Anthera subbilocularis.

Pollinia 2, \imearia, in caudiculam cuneatam sessilia.—

Herbe epiphyte, pseudo-bulbose. Folia plicata. Racemi

longissimt, flexuosi, multiflori. Lindl.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Goneora maculata ; foliis 5-plicatis obovato-oblongis basi

valde angustatis, sepalis lateralibus e lata basi angus-

tatis, hypochilio oblongo subtus convexo basi obtuse

bicorni apice truncato angulis acutis in cirrhis duobus —

producto, epichilio acuminato. :

Goneora maculata, - Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1616.

This strange-flowered species of Goncora is, doubtless,

nearly allied to our G. atro-purpurea (Bot. Mag. t. 3220),

but distinguished not only by the colour, but the form of

the different parts of the flower. It has been introduced at

various times, and by Collectors from Demerara, and firstly

by Mr. Moss of Otterspool, Liverpool. Our plant flowered

in great perfection in July, 1837, and again in August of

the present year (1838).

Descr. Pseudo-bulbs ovato-oblong, deeply - furrowed,

bearing two broadly-lanceolate, plaited leaves at the extre-

mity.

VOL. XII. “ M

mity. From the base of the bulb the scape or flower-stalk

arises, two feet long, curved, bearing a long raceme of very

singularly-shaped flowers, of a rich yellow colour. spotted

with dark red in every part, resembling some strange

insect. Sepals lanceolate, the margins revolute, the upper

one very remote from the two lateral ones, erect, rising

from the upper part of the long greenish column, the latter

bent completely back, so as to meet behind the flower.

Petals small, linear oblong:, from the middle of the column,

and standing forward. Lzp also standing forward, laterally

compressed, curiously wrinkled or folded, tapering into a

setaceous point, and having two setaceous appendages or

lobes arising from the upper side. Anther terminal, broader

than the column. Pollen-masses linear, with a long, white

stalk between them and the gland.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. 2. Outer and inner view of an Anther-case. 3.

Pollen-masses :—magnified.

Lssex Nov 11838

rls. Glazenwood.

by. ebvid

Pub

C 3688 )

PENTSTEMON GLANDULOSUM. GLANDULAR

PENTSTEMON.

‘Class and Order.

DipynamiA ANGIOSPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Scrornutarinez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. pentaphyllus aut 5-partitus, bractea solitaria dis-

tante. Cor. ventricosa, bilabiata. Stam. didynamia, rudi-

mento quinti filiformi seepius barbato. Anthere sejuncte

sepius glabre. Caps. ovata bilocularis, bivalvis poly-

sperma. Semina angulata. Lindl.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Pentstemon glandulosum ; pubescenti-glandulosum, foliis

radicalibus ovato-lanceolatis acutis dentatis petiolatis,

caulinis subcordatis amplexicaulibus subintegerrimis,

corollis ventricosis, staminis rudimento glabro.

Pentstemon glandulosum. Dougl. in Herb. Hort. Soc.—

Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1262.

A handsome, and even in Scotland, perfectly hardy plant,

native of dry, gravelly, or rocky mountain-torrents in the

Rocky Mountains, lat. 47° North ; and at the base of the

Blue Mountains on the banks of the Kooskooskee river,

six thousand three hundred feet above the level of the sea,

it occurs frequently. It was introduced to the Horticul-

tural Society’s garden by the late Mr. Dovetas, and it

flowers during the months of June and July.

Descr. Stem erect, a foot or a foot and a half and more

high, erect, nearly simple, purple, clothed with fine glandu-

lardown. Leaves nearly glabrous above, slightly downy,

but scarcely glandular beneath: radical ones i.

ate,

late, petiolate, serrated, those of the stem almost cordate,

opposite, acute, concave, amplexicaul. Peduncles axillary,

opposite and terminal, bearing three to four, subumbellate

flowers, with two ovate leaves or bracteas at their base.

Calyx of five deep, unequal, hairy segments. Corolla large,

bluish-purple, glanduloso-pubescent, the tube ventricose,

two-lipped, the lips standing forward, upper two-lobed, the

margins reflexed, lower in three nearly equal lobes. Anthers

two-lobed, the lobes pointing downwards, blue : rudiment-

ary stamen subspathulate, glabrous. Capsule glabrous, as

long as the persistent calyx.

Fig. 1. Sterile Filament —magnified.

FIO8SS.

Cazenwood &ssex Now 7 WU3sé.

LPs

Pub by S

—C +3689)

HELIANTHUS MOLLIS. SOFT-LEAVED

SUNFLOWER.

Class and Order.

SYNGENESIA F’'RUSTRANEA.

( Nat. Ord.—Composirz. )

Generic Character.

Involucrum imbricatum, squamis subsquarrosis. Recep-

taculum paleaceum. Pappus diphyllus. Spreng.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Hetrantuus mollis ; foliis oppositis (supremis bracteantibus

exceptis) ovato-lanceolatis triplinervibus supra scabris

subtus glauco-pallescentibus levibus glabris vel molli-

ter pubescentibus inferioribus subgrosse serratis supe-

rioribus subintegerrimis, involucri foliolis lineari-acu-

minatis squarrosis, paleis tricuspidatis.

Hewiantuus mollis. Willd. Sp. Pl. p. 2240. Pursh, Fl.

Am. 2.2. p. 572. Ell. Carol. v. 2. p. 418. Darl. Fl.

Cestr. p. 92. ;

In the Botanical Register, t. 524, is given a Hetianruus

of North America, under the name of pubescens, Vaux, and

the same species is represented at t. 2778 of the present

work, where great doubts are expressed as to its being the

real plant of Vanxt and the American Botanists. It is, I

believe, the H. tomentosus, Micu.; a name which, indeed,

is introduced among the synonymy both by Mr. Gawrer

and myself together with the H. mollis ; but I believe they

are three distinct species. The H. pubescens has the leaves,

as its author described them, truly ovato-cordate, and very

villous, on both sides ; but whether H. pubescens be a vari-

ety of it or not may admit of doubt : whilst the H. mollis of

Wittpenow, and certainly of Exuiorr, is free from hairs,

except

except on the underside of the leaves (and there not always),

and is remarkable for the deep green colour of the upper

side of the foliage, and the pale and glaucous hue beneath ;

and is that which we have here represented. Our speci-

men, now figured, is from the Glasgow Botanic Garden.

Native specimens I possess from the late Mr. Scuwetnirz

of Bethlehem, Dr. Dartineton of West Chester, and Dr.

Suort of Kentucky. It flowers about autumn.

Descr. Perennial. Stems erect, four feet or more high,

branched above, generally deeply tinged with dark purple,

more or less scabrous. Leaves opposite, the uppermost one

alone excepted, mostly on very short footstalks, ovato-

lanceolate, slightly tapering at the base, acuminated at the

extremity, glabrous, scabrous and dark green above, below

smooth, pale, glaucous, glabrous, or clothed more or less

copiously with soft down, three-nerved, the margin rather

distantly and not deeply serrated, the upper ones almost

quite entire. The upper and alternate leaves are small,

and may be considered bracteas. Involucre of many lance-

olato-subulate, spreading or squarrose scales. Receptacle

slightly convex, chaffy: scales or palee tricuspidate. Flo-

rets of the ray bright yellow: their abortive germens with

two unequal, chafty, subulate, opposite scales : those of the

disk with generally two, sometimes more broadly subulate,

soft, deciduous ones

—

Fig. 1. Floret of the Ray. 2. Floret of the Disk magnified.

F690.

aces BE. s

V Fitch Del*

h. Del

Pub by. $C

Luh by ‘arLL

: ¥. scuriLs. Glazenwood

Lz ead Essex Nalls3

NaLIS 38. ;

Mia E

( 3690 )

MERENDERA CaAucasica. CAUCASIAN

MERENDERA.

Se Re he a a

Class and Order.

Hexanpria TRiGyni.

( Nat. Ord.—Metantruacez. )

Generic Character.

Corolla infundibuliformis, hexapetala: unguibus longis-

simis. Stamina petalis supra ungues inserta. Capsula

supera.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

MerenvDErRA* Caucasia ; antheris versatilibus, foliis lanceo-

lato-linearibus patulis, flore cum foliis erumpente.

Merenpera Caucasica. Bieb. Fl. Tauc. Cauc. v. 1. p.

293. Hyjusd. Centur. Pl. Rar. Ross. Merid. tab. 5.

Roem. et Sch. v. 7. p. 152A.

Buxizocopium trigynum. Adam, in Web. et Mohr. Catal.

v. 1. p. 49. 3

Cotcuicum Caucasicum. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 143.

A charming little bulbous plant, sent by Dr. Fiscuer to

the Glasgow Botanic Garden, where it produced its pretty

blossoms, at the same time with the foliage, in the month

of May, under the shelter of a glass frame. In the Cauca-

sus, and in Middle Iberia, where it is a native, it blossoms

in the very early part of spring.

Descr. Bulb coated, pale, or more frequently of a dark

brown, almost black colour, ovate, ragged at the top,

whence

* A name given by the Spaniards to the CoLcnicum, a Genus which

this so nearly resembles.

whence springs a long, membranous sheath or spatha, sur-

rounding the base of the flowers and of the foliage. Leaves

three, narrow-lanceolate, obtuse, channelled, much taper-

ing at the base, shorter than the flowers. Flowers one to

three from the same spatha: each consisting of six petals,

with very long, narrow, slender claws, which meet so as to

form a tube, arising from a very short peduncle : the lamina

oblongo-lanceolate, obtuse, faintly striated, of a delicate

rose colour tinged with purple. Stamens six, arismg from

the base of the lamina of each petal, and about half its

length. Anthers oblong, yellow. Style very long, filiform.

697,

Pub by.S.Curtis.Glaxenwood Essex Nawll838. Swon. Se

( 3691 )

Mertocactus pepressus. DEPRESSED

MELOCACTUS.

Class and Order.

IcosanpriaA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Cacreaz. )

Generic Character.

Calycis tubus ovario adherens, lobi 5—6 petaloidéi : fruc-

tum juniorem coronantes. Petala totidem cum petalis in

tubuim cylindraceum longe concreta. Stam. filiformia plu-

riserialia. Stylus filiformis. Stigma 5-radiatum. Bacca

levis calycis et corolla lobis marcescentibus coronata.

Semina uidulantia. Cotyledones minime. D C.

Specific Name and Character.

Me xocactus depressus ; depresso-conicus basi multum latior

profunde subdecem-angulatus, costis latis obtusius-

culis, spinis 5—7 fasciculatis subulatis rectiusculis pal-

lide fuscis basi lanuginosis, corona per-brevi lanugi-

nosa, aculeis rubris.

This is one of the few Cacrez which have rewarded

Mr. Garpner’s researches in the vicinity of Pernambuco,

and from whence a number of this species were sent to

Woburn Abbey, and to the Glasgow Botanic Garden. The

flower is at present unknown, probably it is small and red,

like what we know of other Metocacti: but they had blos-

somed freely previous to their having been embarked ; and,

after their arrival copious seed-vessels were produced, long,

and of a delicate transparent rose-colour, which, rising in

a circle considerably above the crown of red aculei, present-

ed an appearance perhaps more striking than the flowers

themselves.

Descr.

Descr. Our largest specimen scarcely measures more

than six inches across near the base, below which the plant

is suddenly contracted, and above which it gradually be-

comes smaller to the height of about four inches, whence

the crown springs : so that the shape of this Metocactus is

that of a depressed cone with rounded sides: and this is

deeply cut into about ten broad furrows, forming as many

prominent costz, the ridges and bottoms of the interstices

forming moderately. acute angles: upon each of these

ridges are about four or five clusters of spines, of from five

to seven spines in a cluster, subulate, strong, spreading,

straight, or but very slightly curved, of a pale brown, or

ashen-green colour. At their base is a small, dense, woolly

tuft or scar. From the summit is a short crown, scarcely

three-fourths of an inch high, and about two inches and a

half in diameter, of a woolly substance, filled with exserted,

red aculei, very crowded. Fruzt,an oblong or rather club-

shaped berry, about an inch long, of a delicate rose colour

tipped with the withered flower : containing within several

nearly globose, shining black, reticulated seeds.

Fig. 1. Berry. 2. Vertical Section of the same. 8. Seed :—magnijied.

= ~

Pub by.5 Curtis .Glazenwood Essex. Mal1838. SwanSe

( 3692 )

Pavonia ScHRANKII. ScHRANK’S PAvVoniA.

KKK KEKE EEE EEE EE ERE RE

Class and Order.

Monapetrut1A PoLyANpRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Matvacez. )

Generic Character.

Calyx cinctus involucello 5—15-phyllo. Stigmata 10.

Carpella capsularis, 5-valvis, monosperma. D C.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Pavon1a* Schrank; inermis, “ foliis subcordato-ovatis acu-

minatis, inequaliter serratis utrinque stellato-tomen-

tosis, pedunculis I-floris, involucris calyce brevioribus

5-partitis, carpellis inermibus.

Pavonia Schrankii. Sprengel, Syst. Veget. 3. 98.

Legreronta coccinea. Schrank. Pl. Rar. H. Mon. t. 90.

De Cand. Prodr. 1. 446.

We received this plant from the Botanic Garden Berlin,

in 1836. It flowered freely in the stove at the Botanic

Garden, Edinburgh, in July, 1837 ; but though its blos-

soms are of considerable size, and not destitute of beauty,

the plant will probably never be a favourite in cultivation,

because its flowers are only expanded during the forenoon,

and the shrub is coarse and in no degree attractive. It is

a native of Brazil.

SpRENGEL unites Lesretonsa with Pavonra, and De Cay-

DOLLE questions the propriety of considering them distinct.

The only part of the definition which seems to me to jus-

tify the separation, is the reported dehiscence of the carpels,

which I have not found to take place.

Descr.

* So named in compliment to Don JosEF Pavon, the companion of

MBEY in Peru, and, in conjunction with Rutz, the author of the valuable

“ Flore Peruyiana.”

Descr. Shrub erect; branches erect, and, as well as the

whole plant except the corolla and parts within it, uenseyy

covered with coarse, harsh, reflected, yellowish hairs, whic

are distinctly stellate on both sides of the leaves. Leaves

(three inches and a half long, an inch and a half broad)

scattered, spreading wide, petiolate, ovate, subcordate at

the base, acuminate, strongly veined and wrinkled, darker

above than below, where the midrib and veins are very

prominent, coarsely and unequally serrated ; petioles about

one-third of the length of the leaves. Stipules (half an inch

long) slender, subulate, erect. Peduncles solitary, axillary,

reaching nearly to the middle of the leaf, single-flowered.

Involucre 5-partite, segments ovate, valvate and prominent

at their edges near the base, five-nerved, with reticulated

veins, wrinkled. Calyx longer than the involucre, five-

partite, segments similar to those of the involucre, but

rather less coarse, with the marginal nerves less conspicu-

ous, at first erect, afterwards folded over the germen. Co-

rolla (above an inch and a half long, two inches across

when fully expanded) pentapetalous, orange-coloured, yel-

low at the base, petals imbricated and convolute, dolabri-

form, many-nerved, slightly tomentose, deliquescent in

decaying. Stamens indefinite, monadelphous, inserted into

the base of the petals, and uniting these to each other ;

united filaments slightly tomentose; gradually smoother

upwards, free portion glabrous; anthers kidney - shaped,

unilocular, opening along the top, attached loosely in

the sinus to the filament. Styles ten, cohering for above

one-third of their length, glabrous, each terminated by a

small pencil-shaped, crimson-coloured stigma. Germen

oblong, wrinkled, green, of five verticillate lobes, each

containing a single oblong ovule, compressed at its inner

side, and there attached near its base to a central placenta.

Carpels dark brown, much wrinkled, subglabrous, glabrous

and nearly white within, where they are seen evidently to

be bivalvular, but are not, I think, dehiscent. Seeds kidney-

shaped, pale brown, glabrous, except along the back where

there are a few, and at either extremity where there is a

tuft of yellowish hairs. Graham.

Fig. 1. Pistil -—magnified.

sex Deel 18.38.

£.

Glaxenwood

S. Cartts

Pub by

( 3693 )

Carrieya GuTTata; 6. Russelliana. Srorrep

Carrieya ; Lord Edward Russell’s var.

Class and Order.

GyYNANDRIA MOoNANDRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuinez. )

Generic Character.

Petala membranacea vel carnosa, patentia, equalia. Pe-

tala sepits majora. Labellum cucullatum, columnam in-

volvens, trilobum vel indivisum. Colwmna clavata, elon-

gata, semiteres, marginata, cum labello articulata. Anthera

carnosa, 4-locularis, septorum marginibus membranaceis.

Pollinia 4, caudiculis totidem replicatis—Herbe epiphyte

(Americane ) pseudo-bulbose. Folia solitaria vel bina, cori-

acea. Flores terminales, speciosissimi, sepé e spatha magna

erumpentes. Land.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Carrirya guttata ; floribus carnosis, sepalis lineari-lanceo-

latis obtusis, petalis conformibus paulo, latioribus un-

dulatis, labelli trilobi lobis lateralibus ovatis obtusis,

intermedio cuneato obcordato disco tuberculato, foliis

concavis, spatha obsoleta. Lindl.

Cartieya guttata. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1406.

(8.) Russelliana; elata, floribus subtriplo majoribus, sepa-

lis petalisque intense fusco-viridibus. (‘Tab. nostr.

3693.)

This superb variety of a very handsome and uncommon

Carrieya, was brought to the Woburn Collection from

Brazil, together with many other rare South American

vegetable productions, in the spring of 1838, by Capt.

Lord Epwarp Russett, R. N., then commanding H. M. S.

Actzon. It was given to that nobleman by the Director

the

VOL, XII. N

the Botanic Garden at Rio, with the information, that it

was one of two specimens that had recently been dis-

covered in the Organ Mountains. In August of the same

year, its lovely flowers were displayed, when the drawing

here represented was made on the spot. Widely as the in-

florescence differs in size and colour from Dr. Linprey’s C.

guttata above quoted, it cannot be considered otherwise

than as a beautiful and stately variety, worthy of a place in

every choice collection of epiphytes.

Descr. Stems clustered, three feet high, erect, but with

a graceful curve, rounded and striated, jointed, about as

thick as one’s finger, of asilvery greenish-white, with green

blotches. Leaves two from the top of the stem, large, six

inches and more long, spreading, fleshy, oblong-oval, or

elliptical, scarcely striated, somewhat concave. From be-

tween the leaves springs a short spatha, whence arises the

peduncle, which is short, bearmg a raceme of about five

handsome, spreading flowers, each about five inches across.

Sepals oblong-lanceolate, obtuse ; petals similar to them,

but waved at the margin ; all of them of a rich greenish- _

brown colour spotied with purple. Zp short for a species”

of the present Genus ; the side-lobes a delicate rose colour,

the intermediate one, which is broadly wedge-shaped, red-

purple, with deeper lines. Colwmn scarcely longer than the

side lobes of the lip.

Guiapiotus Mortonius. (t. 3680.)

Mr. Herserr further observes, with regard to this species, that it

always blows in the winter, and rests in the spring. G. oppositiflorus

flowers very late, viz., at this season (Sept.), but Mortonius shows no

signs of flowering yet.

Spam 26

is Glazenwood FsscabDedIIs32.

Car

Pub by

Witch Del!

( 3694 )

VERBENA TEUCRIOIDES. GERMANDER-

LEAVED VERVAIN.

SEK KK KEE EEE EEE K EKER

Class and Order.

DipynaMiA ANGIOSPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord.—VERBENACEZ. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-fidus, dente unico subbreviore. Corolle limbus

irregulariter 5-lobus. Stam. inclusa. Ultriculus tetrasper-

mus, cito rumpens, ut maturi fructus caryopses sistant. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonym.

VERBENA feucrioides ; erecta ramosa pilis rigidis sepissime

elandulosis ubique vestita, foliis oblongis lanceolatisve

profunde incisis sessilibus, spicis elongatis densifloris,

calycibus elongatis post anthesin tortis corolle tubo

duplo brevioribus.

Versena teucrioides. Gill. et Hook. in Bot. Miscell. 1. p.

167, ee =

e149 ‘ .

sii Z -"

me a j

My first knowledge of this charming species of VerBena

was from specimens communicated by Dr. Gitties from the

highest ridge of the Uspallata Mountains in South America,

at an elevation of ten thousand feet above the level of the

sea. Afterwards Mr. Tweepie sent it from the hill of

Monte Video, and more abundantly from the Sugar-loaf

Mountain of Maldonado, marked “ No. 461, Vergena, with

slightly purple flowers and highly odoriferous.” In August,

1838, Mr. Nrven of the Glasnevin Botanic Garden favoured —

me with a beautiful drawing, from which the accompanying

figure is reduced, of the same interesting plant, which he

received from ‘the Earl of Arran, and about the same time

Mr. Hanpasipe, Nurseryman, of Musselburgh, Edinburgh,

passed

passed through Glasgow with a noble flowering specimen.

Seeds gathered also at Tandil* by Mr. Tweepie had been

sent to the Right Hon. the Earl of Arran, in whose garden

the plant was first raised : and we cannot but regret that it

is not an entirely new species, which we should have been

glad, in that case, to have honoured with the name of that

distinguished nobleman, a name which, as Mr. Niven

observes, is almost identified with that of the beautiful

Genus in question.

“ The plant is of easy culture, appearing to luxuriate ina

mixture of peat, loam, and sand, with a small portion of

well-rotted cow dung. The delightful jasinine-like odour

of the flowers is greatest and most powerful about dusk and

during the night : towards midday it diminishes consider-

ably, gradually increasing again towards the evening.”

(Mr. Niven)—The Messrs. Hanpasipe, of Musselburgh,

possess Mr. Niven’s entire stock of this fine plant, and

they propose disposing of it in April of next year (1839).

Descr. It will be at once seen that this VERBENA belongs

to the Metinpres group. The plant from which our draw-

ing was made was about two feet high, erect, of very hand-

some growth; the lower part bearing numerous more or

less spreading branches, the main stein terminating in a

spike of dense flowers, a span or more long. The tube

of the corolla very long ; the limb of a delicate yellowish-

white on first expansion, afterwards becoming purplish rose-

coloured. In our native specimens the long tubular calyx

is spirally twisted in age.

* For an account of Mr. TwEEDIE’s Journey to the Serras de Tandil

see TayLor’s Annals of Nat. Hist., vol. 1, p. 139.

WHilchDel*

Pub by SCartis Glazenwood EssexDecel 1838. Swan d¢

( 3695 )

CoOLLINSIA HETEROPHYLLA. VARIABLE-

: LEAVED COLLINSIA.

ERR EEK KEKE EEE EE EREE

Class and Order.

DipynamMiA ANGIOSPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord.—ScropHunaRInE&. ) —

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-fidus, equalis. Corolla bilabiata, tubo supra

gibbo, limbo inzquali ; labio superiore erecto bifido, inferi-

ore trifido. Stamina didynama. Capsula globosa, 4-valvis,

oligosperma.

Specific Name and Character.

Cotzinsi4 heterophylla ; foliis inferioribus trilobatis, supe-

rioribus ovato-acuminatis ; pedunculo floribus breviore,

calycibus glanduloso-pubescentibus ; laciniis corolle

apice rotundatis, crenatis, lobis medio labiorum inferi-

orum subacuto, labio superiore fauce subintegro.

This, the handsomest species of Cotiinsia yet known,

was found by Nurrazt on the Columbia, and was raised

at the Experimental Garden, Edinburgh, by Mr. James

M‘Nas from seeds transmitted to him under the name

adopted, by Mr. Buisr of Philadelphia in Spring last.

From Coxuinsia grandiflora our plant is easily discriminated

by its pubescent filaments and calyx ; from C. parviflora and

verna by its short peduncles; and from C. bicolor I have

attempted to distinguish it, by its lobate lower leaves, by

the coarser hairs on its calyx, by the rounded (not retuse)

crenate segments of the corolla, by the sub-acute middle

lobe of the lower lip, and by the nearly entire border to the

upper side of the throat. It extremely nearly resembles C.

bicolor, but the flowers are larger, and the character —

I have given may be sufficient to satisfy many of its being a

distinct species, though, I confess, scarcely sufficient to

take away my doubts. I have not, however, seen modified

forms run riot among North American as among ,South

American species, and therefore my scepticism is less than

if the Genus had been met with south of the equator.

The condition of the Experimental Garden shows that

Mr. James M‘Nagz, as a cultivator, has received the law at

the feet of Gamaliel; and the gorgeous display of Buenos

Ayres Versenas which his houses at present contain, proves

by their infinity of form and shade, and minuteness of gra-

dation, how few are species compared with diversity in these

particulars.

Descr. Root annual. Stem erect, branches divaricated,

ascending, slightly pubescent when young. Leaves gla-

brous, distantly serrated, paler below, darker above, lower

ones three-lobed and petiolate, the upper ovate, subsessile.

Bractee opposite, lanceolate, linear. Flowers large and

handsome, very much resembling those of C. bicolor, to

which it is certainly nearly allied,—the lower opposite and

solitary, the upper in crowded whorls. Calyx, like the com-

mon peduncle, glanduloso-pubescent on the outside, coarse-

ly hairy within, ventricose at its base, its rather short, blunt

segments spreading. Corolla (seven-eighths of an inch

long, above an inch across at its longest diameter) with a

few long hairs scattered over the upper surface, slightly

glanduloso-pubescent on the lower, the inside of the tube

having long coarse hairs, the lobes of the upper lip and the

lateral lobes of the lower lip rounded and crenate in the

apex, the central lobes straight and subacute, the promin-

ent ridge projecting into the throat from the upper lip,

subentire. The colour of the flower is deep lilac over the

whole of the lateral lobes except at the throat, at the tip of

the middle lobe and at the tip and base of the upper lip;

every where else the flower is white, but, in front of the

upper lip, the white portion is sprinkled with lilac spots.

Fertile stamens about as long as the middle lobe of the

lower lip ; filaments hairy, along their upper side ; anthers

orbiculate, kidney-shaped, orange, bursting along the edge ;

abortive stamen subulate, green, without appearance of

anther. Pistil glabrous; stigma minute ; style much de-

clined. Germen green, ovate. Graham.

Fig. 1. Lower portion of the Stem, showing the divided Leaves ; nat. size.

2. View of the underside of a Flower, showing the curious projecting ridge

ofjthe lower Lip :—magnified.

F696.

Pub by. S.Curtis . Glaxenwood. Lsse2cDecel 1838.

WFitch Del*

( 3696 )

HypoxIs STELLIPILIS. STARRY-HAIRED

Hypoxis.

KKK KKK KEKE KEKE EEE EERE

Class and Order.

Hexanpria TRIGYNIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Hyroxipez. )

Generic Character.

Spatha bracteiformis. Corolla 6-partita plana, extus

calycina persistens. Discus nectariferus staminifer. Stig-

mata 3. Capsula 3-locularis, non dehiscens. Semina glo-

bosa, strophiolo rostrato. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Hypoxis * stellipilis ; rhizomate ovato, foliis radicalibus

plurimis trifariam fasciculatis triquetris -subulatis e

pilis brevibus stellatis implexis subtus tomentoso-

candicantibus, canaliculo carinaque acutis, umbella

2—4-flora.

Hyroxis stellipilis. Ker, Bot. Reg. t. 663.

_ A very pretty species of the Genus Hypoxis, first intro-

duced from the Cape of Good Hope by Messrs. Convint,

and lately sent to the Glasgow Botanic Garden by Baron

von Lupwie. It flowered vigorously in the greenhouse in

July, 1838, having been treated in the manner usually re-

quired by Cape bulbs and tubers.

Descr. Root consisting of an egg-shaped rhizoma or

tuber, of a dark brown colour, marked with transverse lines,

and bearing a few coarse fibres. From the summit of this

H ed.

tuber springs a cluster of leaves trifariously arrar

i aahieaiace

—

* vmo, underneath, and oévs, sharp, alluding, Sir JaMES SMITH supposes,

to the tapering base of the inferior capsule.

These leaves are half a foot long, linear-subulate, much

tapering, striated, acutely keeled, dark green and glabrous

above, beneath very pale coloured, owing to a covering of

closely-placed, minute, stellated hairs, whence the specific

name. Scapes one to two from the same root, among the

leaves, but much shorter than they, bearing from two to

four large handsome star-shaped flowers. The scapes and

pedicels and outside of the flower are clothed with long and

soft hairs. Sepals oblong, spreading, bright yellow within,

eenish externally. Stamens six, spreading: Filaments

short: Anthers oblong, orange-coloured. Germen inferior,

small, obconical : Style short : Stigmas three.

Fig. 1. Flower, from which the Sepals are removed :—magnvjfied.

i et Dat Pub by SCw@tis Glarenwood Essex Decl 1839.

( 3697 )

PASSIFLORA INCARNATA. YELLOW-FRUITED

VIRGINIAN PASSION-FLOWER.

Class and Order.

MonapeupuHiA PENTANDRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Passtrtorez. )

Generic Character.

Calycis tubus brevissimus, faux corona filamentosa mul-

tiplici ornata. Bacca sepius pulposa, rarius membra-

nacea. De Cand.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

PassirLora incarnata ; foliis profunde trilobis glabris ar-

gute serratis lobis lato-lanceolatis, petiolo supra medi-

um biglanduloso, stipulis minimis subulatis, pedun-

culis axillaribus solitariis folium zquantibus unifloris,

bracteis sub florem tribus parvis cuneatis argute serra-

tis infra serraturis grosse 1—3-glandulosis, calycis tubo

subnullo, corona corollam paululum superante, ger-

mine pubescente. |

Passirtora incarnata. Linn. Sp. Pl. 2. p. 1360. Amen.

Acad. vol. 1. p. 230. t. 10. f. 19. a—e (mala.) Pursh,

Am. vol. 2. p. 445. Elliott, Carol. v. 2. p. 154. De

Cand. Prodr. v. 3. p. 329.

(8.) integriloba ; foliorum lobis integerrimis.

Passirtora incarnata, 3. Ker, Bot. Reg. t. 332. (excl. the

reference. )

t. 1989 of this work. The same species (P. edulis) is also

well represented by Mr. Ker in Bot. Reg. t. 152 as P. m-

carnata, 6; while the incarnata, 3, of the last-mentioned

work is an entire-leaved variety of our plant, with the

peduncles much shorter than I have ever seen them in

reality. The two species are abundantly different in the

following particulars. P. incarnata has comparatively

small serratures to the leaves, the petiolary glands much

below the blade of the leaf, very long peduncles which are

generally equal in length to the leaf; three small bracteas

under the flower, set so apart, however, as not to form an

involucre, minutely serrated in the upper half, and having

from one to three large glands below where the serratures

commence ; a large flower with no distinct tube at the base

of the calyx, and a purplish-blue filamentous crown, rather

longer than the calyx and corolla—In P. edulis the leaves

are more coarsely serrated, the two glands at the very apex

of the petiole, the peduncles are much shorter than the

leaves, the bracteas are three, large and very deeply serrated,

forming an involucre under the flower, the serratures often

glandular: the base of the calyx is contracted into a tube,

and the filamentous crown is much paler and shorter than

the corolla. The germen is sometimes downy in P. edu/is,

but the colour of the fruit is said to be different in the two ;

lurid purple in the last-mentioned; yellow in our plant:

from which circumstance I have derived our English spe-

cific name, for I have never seen any thing flesh-coloured

about the blossom. P. incarnata extends from Virginia to

the extreme southern point of the States, and I believe not

of South America. It is No. 121 of Mr. Drummonp’s

Louisiana Collection. P. edulis I have never received in a

wild state, except from Brazil.

Fig. 1. Glandular Bractea from the Peduncle :—magntfied.

Fitch. Del® Pub by S.Curtes Ghazenw cod @bhsexDece!] 1838 : Swans

( 3698 )

MaAnva Creeana. Snowy RED-FLOWERED

MAaLLow.

Class and Order.

MonapetpeHia PoLyANDRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Matvacea. )

Generic Character.

Calyx cinctus involucro rIphy o> rarius 5—6-phyllo,

bracteolis oblongis setaceisve. Carpella capsularia, plu-

rima in orbem disposita. D C. |

Specific Name and Character.

Matva Creeana ; fruticosa, ramis suberectis, foliis trilobatis

incisis subundulatis deltoideo-ovatis stellato-hispidis

basi integerrimis, floribus solitariis axillaribus, petalis _

obcordatis subcrenatis, pedunculis petiolo brevioribus,

involucri foliolis filiformibus.

Matva Creeana. _ Hort.

This, though a small flowered, is an extremely pretty

species of Mallow, and very deserving of cultivation in the

Greenhouse, where it flowers freely in June and July.

We received it at the Edinburgh Botanic Garden, in 1837,

from Mr. Pince, Nurseryman, Exeter ; but 1 know nothing

of its history or of the country from whence it was imported.

In the arrangement of the species, it seems to me, that it

should be placed near to Maxva divaricata.

Descr. Stem shrubby, branched ; branches erect, closely

covered with harsh stellate hairs. Leaves petiolate ; peti-

oles somewhat flattened above, covered like the stem with

similar hairs; lamina rather longer than the petiole, del-

toideo-ovate, blunt, somewhat undulate, green and sparsely

covered with stellate pubescence above, white and more

closely covered with similar pubescence below, the upper

leaves

leaves trilobate, with the central lobe elongated, the lower

less deeply cut into lobes, but all coarsely and unequally

incised, the segments blunt and reflected at their apices ;

stipules filamentoso-subulate. Flowers axillary, solitary, on

peduncles shorter than the petioles. Involucre of three fili-

form leaves. Calyx longer than the invyolucre, deeply five-

cleft, pubescent on the outside, subglabrous and shining

within. Corolla of a uniform rose-colour, cup-shaped, petals

obcordate, and slightly crenate, glabrous except at their

insertion, where they are ciliated. Staminiferous column

hairy. -Pistil equal in length to the stamens, rather shorter

than the petals. Styles about fifteen, combined to about

the middle. Germenhairy. Graham.

Fig. 1. Calyx and Pistil, with Bracteas :—magnified.

Swan Se.

'WRiteh dol!

a G- BO0R.>

LEYCESTERIA FORMOSA. HANDSOME

LEYCESTERIA.

KEKE EE EEEEEEEEERE

Class and Order.

PentanpriaA Monoeynia.

_( Nat. Ord.—Caprironiacez. )

Generic Character.

Calyx superus, linbo 5-partito inequali. Corolla infun-

dibuliformis, tubo supra basin gibboso, limbo 5-fido suba-

quali. | Filamenta -exserta. Stigma capitatum. Bacca

calycis limbo coronata, 5-locularis, polysperme. Semina

levia, nitida. ’

Specific Name and Synonyms.

Leycesteria * formosa.

Leycesterra formosa. Wallich, in Roxb. Flora Indica,

Carey’s edition, ». 2. p. 182. DC. Prodr. v. 4. p.

338. Wallich, Plante Asiatice Rariores, tab. 120.

This plant was sent to the Botanic Garden, Edinburgh,

from the London Horticultural Society in 1837, and flowered

pretty freely in July, 1838, in moderate heat.

This plant is a native of the Himalaya Mountains, and is

handsome, but its flowers are not very conspicuous, and the

bracteas are not deeply coloured when grown under glass.

It is probable, that the incised state of the leaves also arises

from cultivation, for this peculiarity is not mentioned in

the

* Named by Dr. WaLLicu in compliment to his highly esteemed friend

Wituam Leycrster, Esq., Chief Judge of the principal Native Court,

under the Bengal Presidency, who, during a long series of years, and in

various distant parts of Hindostan, has pursued every branch of horticulture

with a munificence, zeal, and success, which abundantly entitle him to that

distinction.

VOL. XII. Oo

the description of native specimens, nor figured by Wat-

ticH. (—That author speaks of it as ‘‘ a charming shrub,

growing wild on the highest mountains surrounding the

valley of Nepal, blossoming from April to October. Its

fruit ripens at the end of the rains, and during the com-

mencement of winter. I have also had it from much more

northerly situations towards Gossain Than. According to

my friend Dr. Govan, it is found in abundance at an eleva-

tion seldom less than eight thousand feet above the plains,

among the Pine and Oak forests of Bishuhur, as at Hutto,

and at Desoo in the Thakooraee of Kioonthul, blossom-

ing from June till August, and called by our natives

Nulkuroo.’’)

Descr. Shrub branching, dark brown and cracked ;

branches opposite, ascending, glabrous, the twigs of a deli-

cate, subglaucous green. Leaves (four inches and a half

long, three and a half broad) petioled, broadly ovato-cor-

date, inciso-lobate,-smaller and more entire upwards, acu-

minate, veined, above of the same colour as the twigs and

glabrous, below paler and slightly pubescent. Pettoles

much shorter than the leaves, generally red, channelled

above, and stem-clasping. Flowers in verticillate, bracteate,

cernuous spikes, terminal, or in the axils of the upper

leaves. Bracteas large, cordato-ovate, acuminate, red-pur-

ple, veined, somewhat hairy. Calyx persisting, superior ;

limb five-parted, segments very unequal, subulate, glandu-

loso-pilose, its throat much contracted, and, with that por-

tion which is dilated over the adhering germen, scattered

with purple glandular hairs. Corolla (nine lines long, se-

- ven across the expanded limb,) white, funnel-shaped, with

a small globular dilatation at its base, where it is inserted

into the base of the calyx-throat, glabrous, its limb five-

partite ; lobes ovate, blunt, spreading ; nectariferous glands

five at the base of the tube. Stamens five, as long as the

corolla, inserted into this and adhering to it, as far as the

throat where they alternate with yellow streaks, below they

alternate with the nectaries, filaments glabrous, filiform ;

anthers versatile, bilocular, bursting along the face ; pollen

cream-coloured, its granules small, globular. Pistil longer

than the flower. St¢gma capitate, obscurely and unequally

lobed ; style filiform, glabrous, articulated at the base.

Germen five-locular; ovules very numerous, pendulous from

central receptacles. Graham.

——

Fig. 1. Flower and Bractea, 2, Calyx and Pistil :—magnified.

W Pitch Delt Fe’ KS Sign

fitter LJ eb, Pub by SS Curtis Hazenywcad I ten Fan* i783 Q Sia Se

( 3700 )

LEONOTIS NEPETZFOLIA. CATMINT-LEAVED

LEONOTIS.

SKK KKK KKK KK KEKE EEE

Class and Order.

DipyNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Lasiartz. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 10-striatus, 6—10-dentatus. Corolla galea elon-

gata, barbata, integra ; labium inferius nanum, 3-fidum:

laciniis subequalibus. Anthere lobis divaricatis. Stigma

labio superiore brevior. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Leonoris * nepetefolia ; herbacea, foliis ovatis crenatis, caly-

cis dentibus omnibus spinosis supremo maximo ovato,

corollis (coccineis) calyce vix duplo longioribus.

Benth.

Leonotis nepetefolia. Br. Prodr. Nov. Holl. p. 504. Ker,

Bot. Reg. t. 281. Benth. Lab. p. 618.

Putomis nepetefolia. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 820.

Leonurus nepetefolia, Mill. Dict. n. 2.

Leonurvus globosus. Mench, Meth. p. 400.

Six species of this handsome Genus are enumerated by

Mr. Benruam in his valuable work on the Lasiara, all of

them natives of Africa: but the present one is found also in

various parts of the continent of India and adjacent islands,

and (probably imported) even in Brazil : and we have spe-

cimens also from Trinidad and Demerara. Seeds are not

unfrequently sent to this country, and occasionally culti-

vated in the stove, though the plant is often too tall, em its

eaves

* From arwy, a lion, and es wns, an ear, froma fancied resemblance in the

flowers to the ears of that animal.

leaves too coarse and common-looking to render ita general

favourite. The specimen here figured flowered in the stove

of the Botanic Garden in July, 1837.

Descr. Stem tall, herbaceous, acutely four-angled, and

furrowed between the angles, obsoletely downy. Leaves

remote, in opposite pairs, on very long stalks: the lower

ones large and broadly heart-shaped, very coarsely serrated,

gradually becoming smaller, narrower, and less serrated

upwards, till at length they are linear, entire, and scarcely

an inch long. Flowers in dense, axillary, remote clusters,

frequently two to three inches in diameter. Bracteas linear-

lanceolate, spinous. Calyx an inch long, tubular, narrow

below and hairy ; upper tooth large, ovate, tapering into a

sharp spine, three lower ones reflexed, two side ones small.

Corolla scarcely longer than the calyx, bright red, and

densely clothed with red velvety hairs, the margins ciliated.

Anthers yellow, protruded.

Fig. 1. Flower :—nat. size.

Swan S¢

fib by S.Curtis Glaxzenwood Essex tJan* 11839

WPilch Del?

62a

STATICE PUBERULA. DoWNY-LEAVED

Canary TuRiFt.

BAR OR OR OR OR ROR OR OR ON RO One

Class an Order.

PENTANDRIA PENTAGYNIA.

( Nat. Ord.—PLuMBAGINEZ. y"

Generic Character.

Flores spicato-paniculati. Calyx 1-phyllus, plicatus,

subseariosus. Petala 5, subconnata. Stamina basi peta-

lorum inserta. Utriculus 1-spermus, ealyce inclusus.

This plant flowers freely in the greenhouse in the Botanic

Garden, Edinburgh, and is ornamental, both when the

white corollas are expanded, and after they have fallen,

when the purple calyces remain as its only ornament.

Professor LinpEy notices a resemblance between this and

S. furfuracea of Lagasca. 1 do not recollect to have seen

S. ‘pectinata, Arr., but judging from the description, | have

a doubt whether it be different from our plant, which, as

well as it, is from one of the Canary Islands.

The figure in Bot. Reg. has far more acute leaves than

the plant ever acquired with us.

Descr.

* From craniéw, to stop ; from some of the Genus having been employed

to check dysentery. ;

Descr. Stem short and branching. Leaves obovate,

flat, with a slender recurved mucro, a prominent middle

rib, and a few obscure veins, stellato-pubescent and glau-

cous on both sides, attenuated into a long petiole. Pedun-

cle erect, round at the base, above compressed, twice or

thrice dichotomously corymbose, branches with two wings,

the subdivisions near the top secund and erect, and the

ultimate branches triquetrous. Bractee reddish, pubescent,

sheathing, blunt. Calyx twice as long as the bractezx,

blunt, crenate, purple. Corolla white, funnel-shaped, claws

long, lamine obcordate. Stamens about as long as the

corolla. Styles very slender. Germen green, glabrous.

Graham.

Fig. 1. Flower and Bracteas :—magnified.

JIC?

bis.

Swarm St-

Pub by. S.Curtis. Glazenwood Essex Jani 1839

Whitch Del?

( 3702 )

TRIFOLIUM HYBRIDUM. Mure Wulite

TreroiL; or Tall Dutch Clover.

KKK KKK EEE KEKE EE EE EEE

Class and Order.

DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Leeuminosz. )

Generic Character.

Calyx tubulosus, persistens, glandulosus, 5-fidus, laciniis

subulatis. Carina alis et vexillo brevior. Stamina dia-

delpha. Legumen parvum, vix dehiscens, sepids ovatum,

1—2-spermum, calycem paululim superans.—Herbe. Sti-

pulz petiolo adnate. Folia palmatim tri- aut rarissimé 5-

foliata. Flores capitati aut densé spicati, bracteati, pur-

purer, albi aut ochroleuct. Petala in quibusdam omnia inter

se bast coalita.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Trirotium hybridum ; glabrum, caule erecto flexuoso fistu-

loso polycephalo, foliis longe petiolatis foliolis obovatis

ellipticisve serrulatis, stipulis latis membranaceis acu-

minatis, capitulis globosis subumbellatis, floribus de-

mum deflexis, laciniis calycinis subequalibus tubum

equantibus, leguminibus “ dispermis.”’

Trirotium hybridum. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1079. Sm. in Rees’

Cycl—Wahl. Fl. Suec. v. 2. p. 468. (vix De Cand.

Prodr.v. 2. p. 200.) :

Trirorium Michelianum. Savi—De Cand. Prod. v. 2. p.

201.

Trirotiastrum pratense, &c. Mich. Gen. t. 25. f. 2.

(not 6.)

Meuitotus qui Trifolium orientale, &c. Vall. Par. t, 22.

2S.

_ A native, it would appear, of a large portion of the con-

tinent of Europe, from Italy to Sweden, and not unworthy

a place in the flower-border on account of its pretty, numer-

ous, and long-continued flowers, and of being cultivated in

the fields as an excellent food for cattle. Our plant, which

flowers in June and July in the Glasgow Botanic Garden,

entirely accords with Sir James Smitu’s description, drawn

up from the original specimen of Linnazus, and also with

the figures to which he and Linnzus refer. With this, the

T. Michelianum of Savi and De Canpo._e seems to corres-

pond: but whether the T. hybridum of those authors be

really different, or only a variety, I cannot take upon me to

determine, without having recourse to authentic specimens.

Descr. Plant everywhere glabrous. Stems several from

the same root, simple or slightly branched, hollow, striated,

zigzag, erect, about a foot high. Leaves upon long foot-

stalks: leaflets varying considerably in shape, ovate or ob-

long, sometimes nearly obovate, not unfrequently rhom-

boidal, sharply serrated. Stipules large, broadly ovate,

acuminate, membranous, white, streaked with green. Pe-

duncles solitary, axillary, much longer than the leaf, erect,

or nearly so, striated. Head of flowers globose, dense. The

flowers at first erect, and then pale rose coloured, at length

reflexed with the corollas persistent, orange brown. Pedi-

cels short. Calyx white, membranous, with five green ribs,

and five nearly equal, subulate teeth as long as the tube.

Vexillum acuminated. Wings blunt, much shorter than the

vexillum, a little longer than the rather acute keel.

Fig. 1. Flower :—magnified.

Swan

Witch Del? Pub by: 8.Curtes . Glazenwood Essex Jan? 11839

( 3703 )

-PHACELIA TANACETIFOLIA. ‘'TANSY-LEAVED

PuaAcELIA.

Je EEE

Class and Order.

Penranpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Hyproruytes. )

a 7

Generic Character.

Corolla decidua. Ovarium ovoideo-globosum, piloso-

hispidum. Placente \ineares, sepius dorso parietibus ova-

rii adnate, biovulate. Capsula dissepimentis subcompletis

pseudo-bilocularis—Herbe annue vel perennes, erecteé vel

diffuse. Flores racemost, densi, sessiles, vel laxi peduncu-

lati, cymis unilateralibus simplicibus vel dichotomis. Benth.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Puaceuia tanacetifolia ; scabro-hispida, foliis equaliter pin-

natis, pinnis pinnatifidis segmentis ovatis inciso-denta-

tis, spicis densis circinnatis corymbosis, calycis laciniis

linearibus patenti-hispidis, staminibus exsertis.

Puacexia tanacetifolia. Benth. in Linn. Trans. N.S. 2. 1.

p. 479. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1696. :

An inhabitant of California, whence its seeds were sent by

Mr. Dove as to the Horticultural Society of London. It is

a species in some respects approaching my Puacetta con-

gesta (Bot. Mag. t. 3452) discovered by Mr. DrumMonp in

Texas almost at the same time that the present species was

detected on the Pacific side of North America. But besides

the difference in foliage, the present species has the flowers

much more spicate, of a more purplish colour, and less

vivid hue: still it is a most desirable addition to our hardy

annual plants: flowering in June and July.

Descr. Stem erect, but weak, rounded, branched, it

culent

culent and brittle, clothed with scattered hairs, so rigid

as to be almost prickles. Leaves rough with short rigid

hairs, alternate, five to six inches long, ovate in their

circumscription, pinnated with equal pinne, or only becom-

ing gradually smaller at both extremities: these pinne are

oblong-lanceolate, patent, pinnatifid, the segments ovate,

obtuse, inciso-dentate ; the rachis grooved above. Pedun-

cles terminal, elongated, bearing a corymb of from four to

six spikes of dense, unilateral, circinnate flowers : the lower

ones on short pedicels. Calyx cut into five very deep,

unequal, linear segments, which are erect, and clothed with

long, patent, rather rigid, white hairs. Corolla longer than

the calyx, subcampanulate, reddish - purple, five-lobed :

within the tube, alternating with the lobes, are five pairs of

delicate, fringed, and incurved scales, and between each

pair arise the filaments of the stamen, which are longer

than the corolla. Germen ovate, clothed with long, silky

hairs above. Style bifid, or almost bipartite, the segments

filiform. Sétigmas acute.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Portion of the Corolla with the Scales at the base

ofa Filament. 3. Anther. 4. Pistil :—magnified.

— Se

—

W Fitch det? artes. 6

Fub.by 8. Curtts.Glaxenwood Essex Jan!) J839 —

( 3704 )

- MARSHALLIA C@#sPITOsSA. ‘TUFTED

MARSHALLIA.

KKK KK KKK KEKE EEE EEE

Class and Order.

SynGenEsiA AUQUALIS.

(Nat. Ord —Composirz. Div. Senecionipex. D C.)

Generic Character.

Capitulum homogamum. Involucrum 1—2-seriale, squa-

mz lineari-lanceolate aquales. Receptaculum convexum

paleis linearibus acutis ouustum. Corolle tubulose 5-den-

tate, extus hirsute. Styli rami exappendiculati. Achenium

turbinato - subquinquangulum, pubescens seu_villosum.

Pappi palee 5, enervie, elliptice, acuminate, integre.—

Herb Boreali- Americane perennes. Folia alterna integra.

Capitula terminalia solitaria purpurascentia non male Scabi-

osarum capit. referentia. DC.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Marsuarua cespitosa; glabra cespitosa, caule simplici

aphylio 1-cephalo, foliis elongato- et lato-linearibus

subobtusis integerrimis, involucri squamis oblongo-

linearibus obtusis, paleis receptaculi linearibus. D C.

Marsuarwia cespitosa. Nutt. MSS. in Herb. nostr.—De

Cand. Prod. v. 5. p. 680.

Marsnatuia isa Genus named in 1791, in compliment to

Mr. H. Marsuatt, who wrote a Natural History of the Trees

and Shrubs of North America, a country to which the spe-

cies are wholly confined. Micnaux called it Persoonia, an

appellation which Smirx had dedicated to a different plant :

and it is the Trarrenicxia of Persoon (not Witxp.). Mr-

cHAux described three species, the M. latifolia, M. angusti-

folia, and M. lanceolata, A fourth, that now under consid-

eration,

eration, was discovered by Mr. Nurrat in the Red River

Territory, by Bertenprer at Villa de Austin in Texas, and

by Drummonp in Galveston Bay of the same country. It was

sent to the subscribers to the latter Naturalist in his third

Texas Collection, n. 174, and seeds having been likewise

transmitted from Galveston, they have succeeded, and the

plants have flowered in July and August, in a cool frame of

the Glasgow Botanic Garden. The species, it must be con-

fessed, nearly approaches the M. lanceolata, which Dr Can-

poe has described, (erroneously, so far as my authentic

specimens will enable me to judge,) as having obovate

leaves ; but I think it is really distinct, having much nar-

rower scales to the involucre, and quite linear ones on the

receptacle. De Canpouze justly compares the plant to an

ArmertiA, and a number of them cultivated close together

have a very pretty effect to the eye.

Descr. Root perennial. Stems tufted, a foot or more

high, simple, leafy only below, the rest quite naked, striat-

ed, slightly downy, especially upwards. Leaves lanceolate

or linear-lanceolate, glabrous, three-nerved, entire, the

lowest one tapering into a long slender stalk, the upper

ones nearly sessile. Head of flowers solitary, large, convex.

Involucre of many linear-lanceolate, nearly equal scales, in

about two rows. Florets all tubular, five-cleft and deeply

so, rose colour, afterwards white, downy externally. Ache-

nium obovate, with five rough angles. Pappus of five

broad, ovato-acuminate, serrated, membranous scales. An-

ther-tube considerably protruded, brown. Scales of the re-

ceptacle linear, much shorter than the flower.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Flower more adyanced, with the Corolla withering.

8. Achenium and Pappus :—magnified.

Swarr Si

od Assex Feb? Z 18. 39,

ib, by S. Curtis Glaxenwo

( 3705 )

Oncipium Forgesi. Mr. Forses’

OnciptuM. “

Class and Order.

GynanpriA Monanpria.

(.Nat. Ord.—Orcuinea. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium explanatum. Sepala sepius undulata : late-

ralibus nune sub labello connatis. Petala conformia. La-

bellum maximum, ecalcaratum, cum columna continuum,

varie lobatum, basi tuberculatum v. cristatum. Columna

libera, semiteres, apice utrinque alata. Anthera semibilo-

cularis, rostello nune abbreviato, nunc elongato rostrato.

Pollinia 2, postice sulcata; eaudicula plana; glandula ob-

longa.—Herbe epiphyte, nunc pseudo-bulbose. Folia cori-

acea. Scapi paniculati.vaginati, rarius simplices. Flores

speciost, lutet, sepius maculati, raro albi. Lindl. i

Specific Name and Character.

Oncipium Forbesi ; pseudo-bulbis oblongis sulcatis com-

pressis monophyllis, folio lanceolato coriaceo, scapo

paniculato multifloro, sepalis recurvo-patentibus peta-

Jisque (duplo majoribus) obovatis undulatis subungui-

culatis, labelli disco basi tuberculato-cristato lobis

Jateralibus parvis oblongis intermedio maximo flabelli-

formi, columne alis parvis angulatis.

A very rare inhabitant of the Organ Mountains, where it

was discovered by Mr. Garpner in 1837, and whence it

was sent by the same zealous Collector to his distinguished

patron, his Grace the Duke of Bedford at Woburn Abbey.

I have named it in compliment to the very able Horticul-

turist who has the charge of that noble collection, o by

whose

VOL. Xi. P

whose judicious care, so many rarities, both of Mr. Garp-

ner and of other Collectors, have been brought to a high

state of perfection. Among the dried specimens there is

only one of this species, and that is marked “ very rare :

only one plant was found ;”’ and that is numbered 442 of

the Organ Mountains’ Collection. In the stoveat Woburn

the specimen here represented blossomed in October, 1838.

As a species, it comes near Oncip1um crispum, Bot. Mag. t.

3499, but the panicle is much larger, bearing more copious

flowers; these flowers are very differently coloured and

marked: the crest and side-lobes, and still more the column,

present also amply sufficient characters of distinction, the

latter being considerably smaller, with very short, angled,

by no means serrated, wings.

Descr. Pseudo-bulbs small for the size of the plant, ob-

long, compressed, sulcated, producing a solitary, lanceolate,

coriaceous, rather acute, dark green leaf. Scape from the

base of the pseudo-bulb, a foot or more high, and bearing

a large, very handsome panicle of numerous flowers. Sepals

obovate, small, somewhat clawed, recurvo-patent, waved :

petals twice their size, patent, obovato-rotundate, shortly

clawed, waved: they and the sepals are of a rich, glossy,

reddish-brown colour, spotted, chiefly round the margin,

with yellow ;—the sepals are somewhat banded with the

same colour; behind theyare greenish. Lip, in colour resem-

bling the petals, three-lobed ; the disk at the base crested

with unequal-sized tubercles, yellow, spotted with brown ;

the two side-lobes very small, oblong, the intermediate lobe

large and fan-shaped. Column small and short, with two

comparatively narrow and angled wings. Anther-case

hemispherical, containing two small cells. Pollen-masses

yellow, stalked, and bearing a small, oblong gland or cau-

diculus.

Fig. 1. Column and lower portion of the Labellum. 2. Inside view of

the Anther-case. 3. Pollen-masses :—magnified.

570 0.

IQG9 Swam Se

dab Tipfh ’ 7 . ;

Wfidtch. Dab fue by S.Curtis Glaztenwoe

( 3706 )

EUTOCA DIVARICATA. STRAGGLING EurToca.

SEK K KKK KEKE KKK EKER EKEEKE

Class and Order.

Pentanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Hyproruy.tez. )

Generic Character.

Corolla decidua. Ovarium ovoideo-globosum, piloso-

hispidum. Placente lineares, dorso parietibus ovarii adnate,

4-multi-ovulatea, Capsula dissepimentis incompletis, semi-

bilocularis—Herbe annue (?) sepius erecte habitu Pha-

celiz, rarius diffuse vel divaricate. Flores racemost densi

sessiles, vel laxi pedunculati, cymis unilateralibus simpli-

cibus vel dichotomis. Benth. |

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Evutoca divaricata ; caulibus dichotome divaricatis, foliis

omnibus ovatis indivisis, placentis 12—20-ovulatis.

Benth. :

Evrtoca divaricata. Benth. in Linn. Soc. Trans. . 17. p.

278. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1784. d

A Californian plant, for which our gardens are indebted

to the late Mr. Dovetas. It is a hardy annual, which does

not suffer in Scotland by the droughts of summer, as it is

said to do in England. Its appearance, rather, is more in-

jured, being of humble growth, from the soil being dashed

upon its foliage and flowers by our rains. The drawing

was made in August, when the plants were in the highest

perfection in the Glasgow Botanic Garden.

Descr. Herbaceous, annual. Stems weak, flexuose,

frequently decumbent and dichotomously branched, downy.

Leaves hairy, remote, ovate, the lower ones on rather long

petioles, the upper ones gradually with shorter stalks, and

at length sessile ; all of them simple, quite entire. Flowers

in terminal heads, rather large, handsome. Calyx deeply

5-partite, with the lacinie lanceolate. Corolla between

rotate and campanulate, purplish-blue, veined, almost white

at the base. Stamens five, nearly as long as the corolla,

arising from its base, and having a white membranous scale

alternating with them. ‘Pistil oval, hairy ; Style filiform :

Stigma bifid. Capsule separating into two valves, each

valve bearing on the centre several large, oval, dotted

seeds.

Fig. 1. Corolla. 2. Pistil. 3. Capsule. 4. Seed :—more or less mag-

nified.

3707.

MS Withers del* Pub by S.Curtis Glasenwocd Essex, Feb? 12839. ; Swan Sc-

( 3707 )

POLYSTACHIA GRANDIFLORA. LARGE-

FLOWERED POLYSTACHYA.

EEE EERER EE EEE EERE SE

Class and Order.

GynanpriA Monanpria.

7 a

( Nat. Ord.—Orcmpez. ) i: :

| Generic Character.

'Sepdis erecta, acuta ; lateralibus majoribus cum basi pro-

ducta columne iconnatis. Petala minora. Labellum ses-

sile cum basi producta columnz articulatum, trilobum.

Columna semiteres, brevis. Anthera bilocularis. Pollinia

A collateralia, equalia, per paria coherentia.—Herbe epi-

phyte caulescentes nunc pseudo-bulbose. Folia leviter

mervosa. Flores paniculati, pare, alabastris trigonis.

Lindl. _

. Specific Character and Synonyms.

Potystacaia grandiflora ; pseudo-bulbis parvis monophyl-

lis, folio lineari- -oblongo carnoso, pedunculo terminali

‘ subunifloro, flore recto (mon resupinato), sepalis. mu-

~ eronatis lateralibus quadru plo majoribus, petalis minu-

tis oblongo-spathulatis, la ello carnoso trilobo lobo —

intermedio cordato acuto. —

Limoporun ‘eucullatum. Af. in Pers. Syn. Pl. v. 2.p. 52. ‘

Lindl. Gen. et Spec. Orchid. Pp 185.

pees

This ‘Grendy Sriaeating babs is Kishen by Dr. Liyp-

LEY to Porystacuia, and no- doubt correctly so; 1 es

must confess, that my faith is somewhat shaken in the

Genus, on seeing how closely this borders on Maxriraria,

in which I had unhesitatingly arranged the present plant,

till Dr. Linpiey’s decision was communicated to me by

by Mr. Attcarp. The only difference I can find aor’: |

the

the two Genera is this, (which indeed is considered charac-

teristic of the respective Tribes to which they are referred, )

that in Mataxipez (including Vanpa,) there is no real cau-

dicula to the pollen-masses, while VanpEx, (where Maxit-

LARIA is placed) is furnished with an elastic or transparent

strap or caudicula to the pollen-masses. But Maxiiiaria

squalens, (Bot. Mag. t. 2955) M. racemosa (t. 2789), and

M. Parkeri (t. 2729), and other acknowledged Maxinzariaz,

are quite destitute of this caudicula. To whatever Genus,

however, the present plant is referred, it is a very distinct

and a very interesting one, a native of Sierra Leone, whence

it was imported by our valued friend, Joun Attcarp, Esq.

In October, 1838, it flowered in the stove of that gentleman,

who obligingly sent us the accompanying drawing by Mrs.

Wiruners, Botanical Painter to Her Majesty the Dowager

Queen Adelaide, together with a specimen, from which the

following account is drawn up.

Descr. Stems, or pseudo-bulbs, slender, cylindrical, tufted ;

bearing a single linear-oblong, fleshy, dark green leaf at the

extremity: from the base of this leaf and from the summit

of the pseudo-bulb arises the flower-stalk, about equal in

length with the leaf, sheathed with scales, and having a

single erect (not resupinate), moderately large, greenish

flower, with purple blotches : sometimes there are the rudi-

ments of a second blossom. Every part of the flower, but

especially the lip, is singularly firm, and between fleshy and

coriaceous. Sepals slightly spreading : the lowest one the

smallest : all concave, almost cucullate and mucronate at the

point. Petals very small, oblongo-spathulate. Column very

short, at least the free part, the rest remarkably decurrent

with the lateral sepals. Lip obovato-oblong, three-lobed,

the disk, with a large slightly elevated gland ; the side-lobes

incurved ; the middle one cordate. Anther-case conico-

obtuse, two-celled. Pollen-masses yellow, globose, two-

lobed, fixed by a short, yellow stalk to an oblong, trans-

verse, dark-brown gland.

i 1, Front view of an inverted Flower, that is, in the usual position of

the Flowers of an OrcHIDEa. 2. Lip. 3. Anther-case 4, Pollen-masses:

—magnified.

2, et

“

by ‘SCurtis Glaxenwood Essex Pe! 218

‘3

( 3708 )

MonAcHANTHUS FIMBRIATUS. FIMBRIATED

MonkK-FLOWER.

Class and Order.

Gynanpria Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—OrcuiweE. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium explanatum. Sepala et petala equalia de-

orsum versa. Labellum posticum, carnosum, indivisum,

ventricosum, sepalis multo majus. Columna brevis, crassa,

mutica. Anthera et pollinia Cataseti—Epiphyte Cataseti

habitu. Lindl.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Monacuantuus fimbriatus; labello longissimo fimbriato

intus pubescente.

Monacuantuus fimbriatus. Gardner, MSS.

This plant certainly belongs to the Genus Mowaceaderievs,

agreeing, as it does, with that species, M. viridis, on which

Livptey founded the Genus, in general habit, in its mode

of inflorescence, and in having all its sepals and petals

turned in the same direction. The posterior situation of

the labellum, which covers the other parts of the flower like

a helmet, together with its fleshy structure, and the green

colour of the blossoms, assimilate it with MonacHanTHvs.

pseudo- -bulbs, and the many-flowered scape, and still

remarkably in its three-lobed fringe and labellum, and the

excavated column. Although I have twice met with M.

viridis in blossom in the province of Rio Janeiro, yet as it

always so happened that the anther and pollen-masses had

disappeared, it is impossible for me to institute a over:

son of the two species, so far as regards these orga

1 found it growing on dry sandy banks, beneath the

shade of some low shrubs, beyond the village of Apipucas,

about ten miles West from Pernambuco, in Novy., 1837.

Descr. Pseudo-bulbs about six inches long, bearing the

scars of from six to eight leaves. Only one of the six

pseudo-bulbs which were on the specimen that I found pro-

duced two lanceolate, acuminated, slightly plicate, three-

ribbed leaves, about seven inches long; it was, however,

covered with the withered sheaths of former leaves. Scape

arising from the base of the leafy pseudo-bulb, fifteen inches

long, with four articulations in its lower half, the base of

each surrounded by a membranous sheath, about a quarter

of an inch in length, split on one side. The upper portion

of the scape bears nine alternate, pedicellated flowers ; the

three lower ones about an inch distant from each other, the

upper ones only half an inch apart. Pedicels, including

the germen, about an inch long, at first ascending, then

curving a little downwards. At the base of each pedicel,

there is an ovato-lanceolate bractea, about a quarter of an

inch long, closely pressed to it. Perianth spreading open,

entirely of a yellowish-green colour ; Sepals three, linear,

apiculate, submembranaceous, all turned downwards in a

direction parallel to each other. Petals two, linear-oblong,

fleshy, a little longer than the sepals, but equally turned in

the same downward direction. Labellum posterior, fleshy,

ventricose, a little flattened from above downwards, three-

lobed ; the lobes about equal, fringed with long, mostly

bifid fimbriz, those on the middle lobe shorter than on the

lateral ones. Column declinate, somewhat triangular, its

base bounded by a slightly elevated, entire, fleshy crest,

with a sinus in its middle, which curves a little into the

labellum ; its middle portion excavated with a reniform

opening, and its upper portion has a hollow for the recep-

tion of the pollen-masses. Anther hemispherical, crowned

by a fleshy, strap-shaped body, which adheres to the side

of it, but is free at the upper extremity; subbilocular.

Pollen-masses two, ovate, compressed, sulcated behind, of

a waxy yellow colour. Ovary, in its early state, cylindrical

and sulcated.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Lip :—smagnified.

5709.

W Fitch hei.

4 ab by S. Curtis. Glarenwood Essex Feb? 11034 Swan Se.

( 3709 )

SoOPHRONITIS GRANDIFLORA. [LARGE-

FLOWERED SOPHRONITIS.

KEE KEE EEE EEE EERE EEE

Class and Order.

GynanpriA Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuipez. )

Generic Character.

Pollinia 8, antice et postice parallela, caudicula duplici

pulverea, glandula 0? Anthera terminalis opercularis 8-—

locularis, cardine crasso. Stigma concavum rostello ob-

tuso. Columna libera apice utrinque alata, alis integris

conniventibus super cristam labelli. Labellum integrum

cucullatum linguiforme, basi cum columna connatum, me-

dio crista simplici transversa. Sepala subequalia imbri-

cata, basi libera.—Herbe epiphyte (Brasilienses) mono-

phylle, non bulbose, racemis axillaribus effusis paucifloris,

floribus rubris. Lindl.

Specific Character and Sy i

Sopuronitis grandiflora ; pseudo-bulbis oblongo-cylindra-

ceis junioribus spathaceis apice monophyllis, folio

elliptico, petalis elliptico-rotundatis, sepalis oblongo-

lanceolatis subduplo minoribus, labello (parvo) trilobo,

lobis lateralibus incurvis obtusis, intermedio acumi-

nato planiusculo.

Sornronitis grandiflora. Lindl. Sertum Orchidaceum, tab.

5, f. 2.

ye coccinea. Lindl. Bot. Reg. fol. 1919 (in text. ).

Epipenpre ponceau. ‘“ Descourtilz’s Drawings, pl. 10.

fe fee

This lovely Orchideous plant is figured by Dr. Linptey

from a drawing executed, as it would appear, in the native

country of the species by M. Descourtizz, and he has, I

think,

think, rightly followed the suggestion of making it a So-

pHRonitis. The credit of introducing the plant alive to

this country is due to Mr. Garpner, who found it in the

Organ Mountains of Brazil and sent it home in 1837.

The station given by M. Descouruirz is upon the high

mountains that separate the district of Bananal from that

of Ilha Grande.

Descr. Pseudo-bulbs clustered, oblong, rounded, the

young ones clothed with cylindrical membranaceous sheaths,

of which the upper one forms a kind of spatha to the base

of the flower-stalk : the base of the bulb throws out a few

greenish-white roots, the upper portion bears a solitary ellip-

tical leaf, about two inches long. Flower, of which the

narrow ovary tapers into a short peduncle, solitary ; blossom

large and very handsome, internally of an uniform red colour

inclining to orange, with darker red streaks. Sepals and

petals spreading horizontally and nearly flat: the former

oblong-lanceolate, much smaller than the latter, which are

elliptico-rotundate, slightly waved. Lip small, standing

forward, ovate, the base yellow, three-lobed, obscurely

bitubercled at the base: the two broad side-lobes involute so

as to cover the column, the middle lobe acuminate, nearly

flat. Column short, white, tinged with red, having a tooth

or wing on each side the stigma. Anther with eight cells

and eight almost triangular pollen-masses.

Fig. 1. Lip. 2. Inside view of ditto. 3. Side view of the Column. 4.

Front view of ditto. 5. Anther-case showing the Cells. 6. Pollen-masses :

—magnified.

30.

SwareS ¢

Pub by S Curtis Hazenwood Esse Feb” 17839

W Herbert Del

( 3710 )

PHALOCALLIS PLUMBEA. LEAD-COLOURED

PHALOCALLIS.

KEKE KEE KEKEKEKREREEE EERE

Class and Order.

TrianpriA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Iriwacesz. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium infra erateriforme, sepalis majoribus superne

patentibus, petalis superne compressis revolutis. Filamenta

brevia conica basi connata apice reflexo. Anthere loculis

longis latere dehiscentibus medio angustiores superne styli

lobis agglutinate. Stylus trigono-cyathiformis infra gra-

cili-cylindricus, superne trilobus. Stigmata brevia trans-

versa biloba obtusa emarginata, loborum cristis externis

duabus petaloideis reflexis, internis fere obsoletis. Capsula

triquetro-oblonga tenuiter membranacea, operculo obsoleto

(quoad vidi) indehiscens ; semina subplana alato-margi-

nata. W. H.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Puatocatuis plumbea ; foliis subglaucis plicatis acutis, caule

foliis longe altiore 2—4-pedali bracteato ex axilla imi

folii prodeunte, spatha subtriunciali pedunculo trigono

subequali adpressa, flore unico matutino fugacissimo,

germine subunciali, sepalis circiter 33 unc. patentibus

pallidé plumbeis inferne pubescentibus unguibus lutes-

centibus, petalis infra lutescentibus transversé macu-

latis, medio saturatioribus gibbis lateralibus purpureis

pubescentibus, apice luteis subacutis, filamentis annulo

ad basin purpureo medio bimaculatis, antheris con-

nectivo pallido polline ceruleo, cristis in conum re-

flexis plumbeis, stylo et stigmatibus pallidis, seminibus

badiis alato-marginatis circiter 75 unc. latis. W. H.

Cyrpetta plumbea. Lindley, Bot. Reg. t. 24. Misc. Not.

pit.

. This

This very remarkable plant, though its flower is delicate

and beautiful, disappoints the expectation by producing,

as far as I have seen, on its strong and tall stem only one

blossom, which expands before sunrise, even in a dark

room, and passes away ere noon. Some bulbs of this plant

have been raised in England from Mexican seeds, and others

have been received by Mr. Anpgrson of the Chelsea Garden,

from Mr. Orro at Berlin. The specimen here represented

flowered in the autumn at Spofforth, being of the latter

importation. The pot had stood out of doors all the sum-

mer, but the flower-buds appeared so late, owing to the

unusual coldness of the season, that it was removed into

the stove to promote the blossom. There was a consider-

able interval between the flowering of the bulbs. It will

probably be found to succeed well under a South wall in

the open ground. Dr. Linptey has referred it to the Genus

Cyretia; but on mature consideration, it does not appear

that it can be properly united with it ; and, although it

seeds readily if the true stigma be touched with its own

pollen, it refuses to cross with Cypeiia Herbertiana. On

careful examination of the Natural Order to which it be-

longs, it appears that the crests of the stigmas or style and

the dehiscence of the capsule are very material points, and

and it disagrees with Cyretxa, in having the true stigma

consisting of short two-lobed, transverse, tender lobes like

those of Iris, (whereas those of Cypenca are long’, acute, .

horny, and fringed on their upper surface,) and the outer

crests petaloid, which in Cypetia are horny; the inner

crests soft and almost obsolete and imperceptible, whereas

those of Cypetxa are stiff and erect. It has also a capsule

without any prominent opercle, except a minute point,

and has ripened its seed here without any dehiscence,

the coat of the capsule being very thin and perishable ;

whereas the capsule of CypeLia opens at the end by the

sutures of a very prominent opercle. The seeds of PHato-

cALLIs are nearly flat, with a thin margin, while those of

Cypetta are angular, and its whole fruit more like that of

Ticriia. The generic name is given from the delicacy of

the cone formed by the crests. The proper generic charac-

ter of Cypretza will be,—‘ Perianthium et filamenta ut in

Phalocallide. Anthere \oculis latere dehiscentibus basi

latiores superne angustiores et styli lobis agglutinate. Sty-

lus trigono-cyathiformis infra gracili-cylindricus superne

trilobus. Stigmata distincté biloba acuta porrecta cornea

superne fimbriata, cristis acutis corneis, externis dudbus

ee majoribus

majoribus reflexis, internis erectis. Capsula operculi pro-

minentis suturis dehiscens. Semina angulata, W.H. Mr.

Ker referred Cypetia Herbertiana to Marica, with which it

does not conform. The name Marica was improperly sub-

stituted by Scurzser for the Cipurz of Auster, and the latter

appellation must be restored to paludosa. The name Ma-

rica will be properly restricted to the plants which conform

with Northiana, Sabiniana, and cerulea, distinguished gene-

rically by a coriaceous, reflexly dehiscent capsule with an-

gular, oblong seeds, which are comparatively large, and by

erect, acute, external and internal crests to the true stigmas,

which are short and transverse. The root in that Genus is

fibrous ; the stalk flat, leaflike, and proliferous. Cypetna

Herbertiana has a branched stalk, with many-flowered

spathes, and produces, from the beginning of July till

November, a constant succession of flowers, which are not

fugaceous, lasting, in cool weather, two or three days.*

This opportunity may be taken to record a remarkable

new Genus, of which a live specimen in flower has been sent

to Spofforth by Mr. Loppiges, imported, as he states, from

Valparaiso, being the first Cyrtanthiform plant found else-

where than in South Africa. Nat. Ord. AmaryLumacen.

Sub. Ord. Amaryutinez. § Cyrrantuirormes (next after

GastronemA). Cypnonema. Pedunculi erecti. Germen

trigono-oblongum erectum. Tubus rectus infra gracili-

cylindricus superne campanulatus. Limbus regularis re-

flexus. Stylus gracilis rectus stigmate trifario. Filamenta

incurvata, sepalina tubi medio petalina altits adnata. Spec.

1. Cypnonema Loddigesianum, floribus binis 14 uncialibus

subalbidis viridi-striatis. Named from the curved fila-

ments. W. H.

* Mr. LoppicEs, having been requested to reconsider whether the bulb of

CYPHONEMA certainly came from Valparaiso, stated, that he had many

bulbs imported from the Cape in the same house with his Chilian bulbs, and

that, although he considered the CypHONEMa to have been one of the latter,

it is possible that there may have beena mistake. PHaLocaLuis plumbea,

if protected from frost, seems disposed to preserve its foliage after flowering

through the winter.

Dissections of PHALOCALLIS plumbea. 1. Style and Stamina, magnified.

2. Back of a Stamen straightened. 3. Front of ditto. 4. Style. 5. One

Lobe thereof. 10. Seeds. 11. Ripe Capsule-—OfCypretia Herbertiana.

6. Front of a Stamen. 7. Back of ditto. 8, Style and one Stamen. 9.

One lobe of the Style. 12. Ripe Capsule and Seed. The Capsules are not

of the utmost size.

YN D: & X,

In which the Latin Names of the Plants contained in the Twelfth

Volume of the New Series (or Sizty-jifth of the Work) are

alphabetically arranged.

Pi.

3654 Agave Americana, var. foliis

_ Variegatis.

3640 Aristolochia saccata.

3678 Arthrostemma versicolor.

3679 Aspasia variegata.

3649 Bartonia aurea.

3633 Carica citriformis.

3693 Cattleya guttata, 6. Russell-

lana.

3669 -— Mossie.

3656 - pumila.

8662 Centaurea depressa.

3651 Cereus pentalophus, 8. subar-

ticulatus.

3641 Chenopodium Quinoa.

3695 Collinsia heterophylla.

3644 Colletia horrida.

3648 Cymbidium triste.

3643 Dendrobium aggregatum.

3655 Diplacus puniceus.

3627 Echinocactus tubiflorus.

3658 Epacris microphylla.

3637 Epidendrum floribundum.

3638 tessellatum.

3666 viridi- purpureum.

3639 Erica florida, var. campanulata.

8673 Euphorbia Jacquiniflora.

3706 Eutoca divaricata.

3657 Funckia albo-marginata.

3663 - Sieboldiana.

3659 Gesnera fascialis.

3664 — tuberosa.

3680 Gladiolus Mortonius.

3660 Govenia Gardneri.

3687 Gongora maculata.

3689 Helianthus mollis.

3696 Hypoxis stellipilis.

3665 Ipomea Bonariensis.

3685 - Platensis.

3675 Ismene Macleana.

3652 Kennedya nigricans.

3699 Leycesteria formosa.

3700 Leonotis nepetefolia.

3626 Lisianthus Russellianus.

3632 Loasa lateritia.

3671 Lobelia Bridgesii.

3650 Lophospermum scandens.

3698 Malva Creeana.

3642. Mammillaria atrata.

3647 floribunda.

8634 Lehmanni.

8646 tenuis.

3704 Marshallia cespitosa.

3629 Maxillaria aureo-fulva.

3691 Melocactus depressus.

3690 Merendera Caucasica.

3708 Monachanthus fimbriatus.

3705 Oncidium Forbesii.

3697 Passiflora incarnata.

3635 nigelliflora.

3636 Tucumanensis.

3692 Pavonia Schrankii.

3645 Pentstemon diffusus.

3688 ——————- glandulosus.

3661 eee gentianoides.

3703. Phacelia tanacetifolia.

3710 Phalocallis plumbea.

3682 Pleurothallis Grobyi.

3707 Polystachia grandiflora.

3676 Potentilla glabra.

8668 Pyrus arbutifolia.

3653 Rehmannia Chinensis.

3670 Rhododendron albifiorum.

3667 nudiflorum ;

var. scintillans (hybridum).

3672 Solanum campanulatum.

3684 ————— fragrans.

3677 Sophronitis cernua.

3709 grandiflora.

3681 Spathodea pentandra.

3701 Statice puberula,

3702 Trifolium hybridum.

3630 Tweedia versicolor.

3628 Verbena incisa.

3694 teucrioides.

3683 Veronica prostrata, y. saturei-

eefolia,

3686_Zygopetalon maxillare.

3674 —— Murrayanum.

INDE X,

In which the English Names of the Plants contained in the 7welfth

Volume of the New Series (or Sizty-fifth of the Work) are

alphabetically arranged.

3654 Aloe, great American, with

variegated leaves.

3675 Amancaes, Mr. M’Lean’s.

3668 Aronia, Arbutus-leaved.

8678 Arthrostemma, changeable-

flowered.

3679 Aspasia, variegated.

3649 Bartonia, golden.

3640 Birthwort, pouch-flowered.

3656 Cattleya, dwarf.

3669 Mrs. Moss’s superb.

3693 spotted, Lord Edward

Russell’s var.

3662 Centaury, prostrate.

3651 Cereus, five-winged, somewhat

. jointed var.

3702 Clover, Mule white Trefoil, or

tall Dutch.

3644 Colletia, bristling.

3695 Collinsia, variable-leaved.

3648 Cymbidium, lurid-flowered.

3643 Dendrobium, close-flowered.

3655 Diplacus, scarlet-flowered.

3658 Epacris, small-leaved.

3638 Epidendrum, chequer-flowered

3637 many-flowered,

3666 ——. purplish-green.

3631 warty-fruited.

3673 Euphorbia, or Spurge, Jac-

quinia-flowered.

3706 Eutoca, straggling.

3663 Funckia, Dr. Siebold’s.

3657 variegated.

3659 Gesnera, gaping-flowered.

3664 tuberous-rooted.

3680 Gladiolus, Mr. Morton’s.

3687 Gongora, spotted.

3660 Govenia, Mr. Gardner’s Bra-

zilian.

3639 Heath, drooping, round-head-

ed bell-flowered var.

3696 Hypoxis, starry-haired.

3665 Ipomea, Buenos-Ayres.

aie ‘ta the Plata.

sdya, dingy-flowered.

8700 Leonotis, Cat-mint leaved.

3699 Leycesteria, handsome.

3626 Lisianthus, Duke of Bedford’s.

= . : oe ere red-flowered.

| 3697

Ft.

3650 Lophospermum, climbing.

3698 Mallow, showy, red-flowered.

3647 Mammillaria, copious-flower-

ing.

3642 dark green.

3634 Lehmann’s.

3646 — taper.

3704 Marshallia, tufted.

3629 Maxillaria, golden-brown.

3628 Melindres, cut-leaved.

3691 Melocactus, depressed.

3690 Merendera, Caucasian.

3708 Monk-flower, fimbriated.

3684 Nightshade, fragrant South

American.

3705 Oncidium, Mr. Forbes’.

3633 Papaw, small citron-fruited.

3636 Passion-flower, large-stipuled.

3635 Nigella-flow-

ered.

yellow-fruited

Virginian.

3692 Pavonia, Schrank’s.

3661 Pentstemon, Gentian-like.

3688 glandular.

3645 spreading.

3703 Phacelia, Tansy-leaved.

8710 Phalocallis, lead-coloured.

3707 Polystachia, large-flowered.

3682 Pleurothallis, the Groby.

3676 Potentilla, glabrous.

3641 Quinoa, useful.

3653 Rehmannia, Chinese.

3667 Rhododendron, sparkling.

3670 white-flowered.

3672 Solanum, bell-flowered.

3677 Sophronitis, drooping-flowered

3709 ——___——- large-flowered.

3681 Spathodea, five-stamened.

3683 Speedwell, prostrate, Savory-

leaved var.

3627 Spine-Cactus, tube-flowered.

3689 Sun-flower, soft-leaved.

3701 Thrift, downy-leaved, Canary.

3702 Trefoil, Mule white; or tall

Dutch Clover.

3630 Tweedia, changeable-flowered.

3694 Vervain, Germander-leaved.

3674 Zygopetalon, Mr. Murray’s.

3686 Tree-Fern.