3 CURTIS'S

BOTANICAL MAGAZINE,

COMPRISING THE

Plants of the Ropal Gardens of Kev,

AND

OF OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS IN GREAT BRITAIN;

WITH SUITABLE DESCRIPTIONS;

SIR WILLIAM JACKSON HOOKER, K.H., D.C.L. Oxon.,

LL.D., F.R.S.A. AND L,S., DIRECTOR OF THE ROYAL GARDENS OF KEW.

PIL LIISA PALAIS

VOL. XII. @

OF THE THIRD SERIES;

(Or Vol. LXXXILI. of the Whole Work.)

PRANnnenererernnem

RRR PAA APA PAA

** Not a flower ;

But shows some touch, in freckle, streak, or stain,

Of Hts unrivalled pencil.”

PEEP OEE) OCTET OT COTE

14 & 2 Ae py

, aT ACFE beg « ]

LOVELL REEVE, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.

1856.

GARDEN

#OHN EDWARD TAYLOR, PRINTER,

LITTLE QUEEN STREET, LINCOLN’S INN FIELDS.

THE LADY DOROTHY NEVILL,

WHOSE CHOICE COLLECTION OF PLANTS AT DANGSTEIN, HANTS,

PLACES HER LADYSHIP

AMONG THE MOST EMINENT CF THE PATRONESSES OF

HORTICULTURE AND BOTANY,

The present Volume is Inscribed

BY HER LADYSHIP’S

FAITHFUL AND OBEDIENT SERVANT,

THE AUTHOR.

Roya GARDENS, KEW,

December 1, 1856.

pe ee ee ee See ee ee ee ee ee ee ee Ee

Tas. 4891.

ZESCHYNANTHUS Fvutecens.

Flame-coloured Aischynanthus.

Nat. Ord. CyrTANDRACEX®.—DIDYNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA.

Gen. Char. (Vide supra, TaB. 4236.)

Ascurnantuvs fulgens ; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis carnosis integer-

rimis, petiolo brevi crassissimo, pedicellis unifloris in umbellam terminalem

plurifloram dispositis, calycis ampli laxi tubuloso-infundibuliformis limbo

5-lobo, lobis eequalibus acutis erecto-patentibus, corolla calycem triplo ex-

cedentis clavate: (coccinez) tubo gracili limbo obliquo, staminibus styloque

exsertis.

Mscuynantuvs fulgens. Wall. Cat. n. 797. De Cand. Prodr. v. 9. p. 261.

Our volumes are rich in species of Aschynanthus not less beau-

tiful than the present: witness our Tab. 3845, 4. grandifiorus,

Don; Tab. 4261, @. Lobbianus, Nob. ; Tab. 4264, 2. pulcher,

De Cand.; and Tab. 4503, 4. Javanicus. Of all these, our

present species is the most closely allied to the first-mentioned,

viz. 4. grandiflorus, especially in the singularly clavate form

of the corolla: but in that species the arrangement of the

flowers is very different; the tube of the corolla is comparatively

short and broad, filling up as it were the entire calyx, and that

has long acuminated appressed lobes,—to say nothing of the

leaves, which are narrow and serrated. ‘The species here figured

is a native of Tavoy, whence we have specimens from Dr. Wallich,

gathered by M. Gomez. For our specimens here figured we are

indebted to the Messrs. Veitch, of the Exeter and Chelsea Exotic

Nurseries (with whom it flowered in October, 1855), having been

collected at Moulmein by Mr. Thomas Lobb. It seems to blos-

som freely, and few plants can exceed it in beauty, especially if

suspended in a wire or small trellis basket.

Descr. Stems thick, terete, straggling, slightly branched.

Leaves opposite, large, bright and deep green, thick, fleshy, ob-

long-lanceolate, approaching to ovate, acuminate, entire, a little

carinated at the back ; zerves obsolete, or only visible in the older

JANUARY lst, 1856.

leaves, where the parenchyma is a little shrivelled, and where the

edge is somewhat sinuated, scarcely dentate. /Yowers several,

collected into a terminal umbel, without bracteas, or with only a

pair of small leaves at the base. Pedicels short, single-flowered.

Calye longer than the pedicels, between cylindrical and infundi-

buliform, lax (much wider than the tube of the corolla), its /imd

erecto-patent, of five equal acute rather small lobes. Corolla

thrice as long as the calyx, club-shaped: that is, with the tube

long and slender, gradually enlarged and widened upwards, la-

terally compressed, contracted at the five-lobed and somewhat

two-lipped limb, lower lobe longer and reflexed: colour of the

corolla bright crimson, the lobes each marked with black lines.

Stamens didynamous, much exserted : the anthers jomed in pairs.

Style also much exserted. Stigma much dilated.

Fig. 1. Calyx and pistil. 2. Pistil and hypogynons cup :-—magnified,

Erratum.—It should have been said under Tab. 4886, Dendrobium Mac-

Carthia, that the figure and description were communicated by Mr. Thwaites,

= has recently sent living plants to Kew, which have not yet had time to

wer. | .

LAr T+ d ] ]

h del et ith +n ; « im

W. Pitch, dei et bth Vincent Brooks imp

Tas. 4892.

LAPAGERIA RoSEA: var. ALBIFLORA.

Rose-coloured Lapageria: white-flowered var.

Nat. Ord. SMILACEZ.—HExaNDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4447.)

LAPAGERIA rosea.

LapaGeEria rosea. Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. et Chil. v. 3. p. 65.t.297. Spreng.

Syst. Veget. v. 2. p.99. Kunth, Enum. Plant. v. 5. p. 284. Walp. Ann.

Bot. Syst. v. 3. p. 646.

Var. albiflora; floribus albis basi subroseis immaculatis. (Tas. 4892.)

In our anxiety to figure the Lapageria rosea in the ‘ Botanical

Magazine’ as soon as the species was introduced to our gardens

by Mr. Wheelwright and the Messrs. Veitch, of the Exeter and

Chelsea Exotic Nurseries, we made use, as then acknowledged,

of a coloured drawing by Mr. William Lobb, executed in Chili

from the plant in Joco matali ; and it was no small satisfaction to _

us to find, when the plants flowered with us, as they do abun-—

dantly in a cool and moist greenhouse (the temperate Fernery),

that the colourmg was_ extremely accurate ; that is, as regards

the usual state of the plant. Ruiz and Pavon, however, had ob-

- served that the flowers vary from “rose to rose-crimson.”

In the Jardin des Plantes, at Paris, a fine healthy plant sent by

M. Abadi from Chili, has produced large white flowers, approach-

ing indeed to cream-colour, with a tinge of rose at the base :

the flowerstalks each two- to three-flowered. Our artist being in

Paris at the time, Professor Decaisne obligingly granted permis-

sion for a figure to be taken of it for publication in this Magazine.

The species being fully described under our Tab. 4447, we

need not here say more than that besides the greater size and

different colour of the flowers, the bracts are larger and greener

upon the peduncles, covering them for their entire length.

Fig. 1. Pistil:—waé. size. 2. Transverse section of ovary :—magnified.

JANUARY Ist, 1856.

Tas. 4893. —

WEIGELA AMABILIS.

Wrinkle-leaved Weigela.

Nat. Ord. CapriroLtack®.—PrEnTANDRIA MonoGynta.

Gen. Char, (Vide supra, Tan. 4396.)

WEIGELA amabdilis ; ramulis petiolis foliorum costis pubescenti-hirtis, foliis ova-

tis obovatisve acuminatis reticulatim rugosis inferne in petiolum longiuseu-

lum attenuatis, floribus axillaribus solitariis vel plurimis terminalibus umbel-

latis subsessilibus vel pedicellatis, pedicellis bibracteolatis, laciniis calycinis

linearibus erectis appressis ovariisque hispidis, corolle tubo elongato limbi

lobis sinuato-crenatis. |

WEIGELIA amabilis. “Planch. Fl. des Serres, v. 8. p. 855.”

_At*our Tab. 4396, under Weigela rosea, we expressed our

doubts as to the propriety of separating Weigela, Lindley (Caly- _

‘sphyrum, Bunge), from Diervilla, with which Siebold and Zuc- |

-carini, and, following them, Walpers, unite it; and doubting, too, —

as to W. rosea being distinct from D. florida, Sieb. et Zuce.;

and, in reply to the query of a correspondent in the ‘Gardeners’ _

hronicle’ (vol. for 1853, p. 536), it is answered: “ We are un- —

certain how many species of Weigela are known to botanists. In _

he garden we have WV. rosea (just alluded to), W. Minderdorfiana,

W. amabilis, and W. lutea ; but the last is often an alias of Dier- —

villa lutea, and we do not know how far the others are distinct. —

Tn books also occur W. pauciflora and florida: but the latter is —

very nearly if not quite the same as rosea.” We have now to con- _

‘sider the question of the distinctness of the one under considera-

or Japan, but by whom introduced to Europe, we have no means

of knowing. For our plants we are indebted to Messrs. Lowe, —

of the Clapton Nursery. 4

Descr. A shrub, probably equally hardy with Weigela rosea —

(though our plant blossomed in a cool frame in May), and with —

entirely the same habit: the younger branches and foliage are —

more or less hairy. Leaves opposite, larger than those of VW. —

rosea ; rather obovate than ovate, acuminated, serrated, tapering |

below into a moderately long petiole. The surface is much and —

reticulately veined, with impressed lines above, prominent on the —

nerves beneath. owers sessile, or on very short, simple petioles, —

bearing two opposite, minute dracts, solitary in the axils of the —

upper leaves, or in a terminal, many-flowered wmbéecl, of beautiful ~

rose-coloured flowers. Calyx hairy, the tube adherent with the —

ovary, so slender as to resemble a peduncle, angular : /imdéd of five,

erect, linear, appressed segments, unequal in height. Corolla —

with the ¢wbe narrow, scarcely longer than the segments of the

calyx : the limb campanulate, cut into five, nearly equal, spread- —

ing, waved and crenated, obtuse, broadly ovate lobes: the ¢ude is —

within hairy, and has a clavate, short, downy, conspicuous gland, —

attached to the base on one side. Stamens inserted at the top of —

the tube, shorter than the limb: anther oblongo-sagittate. Style —

shorter than the corolla, included. Stigma two- to three-lobed,

lobes downy.

Fig. 1. Calyx and pistil. 2. Corolla laid open. 3. Gland from the inner

base of the tube of the corolla. 4. Transverse section of ovary :—magnified.

4BI4

LREBREET

Lit

Fitch del et hth Vincent. Brooks Imp

Tas. 4894.

OUVIRANDRA FENEsSTRALIS.

Water-Yam, or Lace-leaf.

Nat. Ord. Juncacinr2.—HeExanpria Monoeynyia.

Gen. Char. OUVIRANDRA, P. Th. Flores hermaphroditi. Sepala 2 (unilateralia

—3, Dene.), colorata, decidua. Stamina 6, persistentia; filamentis subulatis, in-

ferne dilatatis; antheris basi affixis, bilocularibus, lateraliter dehiscentibus ; polline

acute ellipsoideo. Ovaria 3-4, lagenzeformia, in stylum brevem, s¢igmate obliquo

subapicali, facie interna notatum desinentia, unilocularia, 2—6-ovulata; ovudis

basi affixis, adscendentibus, anatropis. olliculi rostrati, abortu 1-3-spermis,

introrsum dehiscentes. Semina exalbuminosa, testa herbacea, membrana in-

teriore tenui. Zmbryo rectus, ascendens, cotyledone crassa foliacea v. excavata

plumulam maximam bifoliam amplectente.—Herbee aquatica, tuberculose, caudice

elongato ramoso, foliis radicalibus venosis submersis. Seapi elongati, spicas singulas

binas ternasve gerentes. Spatha caduca. Edgew.

Ovviranpra fenestralis ; foliis submersis sublonge petiolatis oblongis fenestratis

mucronulatis, nervis longitudinalibus apice confluentibus, spicis binis.

OuvirnanpDRa fenestralis. Poiret, Eneycl. Bot. Suppl. v. 4. p. 237. Decaisne in

De Lessert’s Icones, v. 3. p. 62. t. 99.. Kunth, Enum. Plant. o. 3. p. 592.

Edgeworth, on Aponoget. etc., Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. v. 3. p. 405. :

Hyproceton fenestralis. Pers. Syn. Pl. v. 1. p.400. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2.

p. 162.

More than thirty years ago, through the kindness of the late

Charles Telfair, Esq., of Mauritius, our Herbarium was enriched

by fine, dried, flowering specimens, and our Museum by speci-

mens in alcohol, of this most remarkable plant, gathered by Pro-

fessor Bojer in Madagascar. Some thirty years previous to that

the plant was first detected in Madagascar by Aubert du Petit-

Thouars, who described the genus in his ‘ Nov. Gen. Plant. Ma-

dagasc.,’ a work to which we are sorry we have not at this time

access. It was impossible not to desire earnestly that so very

remarkable and so very curious a plant, whose leaves are consti-

tuted by a series of the most beautiful network, without paren-

chyma, reduced in short to its vascular reticulated tissue, should

be in cultivation in this country, and our wishes have at length

been crowned with success. ‘The Rev. William Ellis wrote to

JANUARY Ist, 1856.

me on the 9th of August of this year (1855) from Hoddesdon,

Herts, with the following gratifying intelligence :—“ 1 have just

returned from a voyage to Madagascar, and, while there, was

enabled to obtain some plants of the Ouvirandra fenestralis,

which I have been able, with much ease, to bring safely home.

As M. Bojer, at Mauritius, told me you were anxious to possess

a plant, and as he has not been able to procure it living, I shall

have much pleasure in sending a plant to Kew for your accept-

ance, or bringing one over soon myself.” Mr. Ellis has been

better than his word: he has presented us with two plants, in

September,—one of them, as here represented, in a flowering

state. The remainder of his plants are placed in the hands of

Messrs. Veitch and Sons, Exotic Nurseries, Exeter and Chelsea ;

and we shall be surprised if all who are curious in horticulture

and botany do not possess themselves of so beautiful and curi-

ous an object, and which is cultivated with the greatest ease in a

stove (or possibly a warm greenhouse), in a shallow pan of rain-

___-water, including a moderate quantity of earth for the roots to

feed upon,—being entirely aquatic, the leaves even submerged ;

and we cannot doubt but it may be cultivated in glass Aquaria,

and even in a glass jar placed in the drawing-room, as is done

with the Vallisneria spiralis, etc.

As Mr. Ellis has favoured us with the particulars of his ob-

taining the plant, we shall quote his own words :—‘ The most

rare and choice acquisition which I made in Madagascar, during

this visit, was the beautiful aquatic plant, Ouvirandra fenestralis,

which Sir W. J. Hooker designates ‘ one of the most curious of

Nature’s vegetable productions.’ Dr. Lindley had drawn my at-

tention to it and other Madagascar plants before my departure,

and had shown me a drawing of it in the work of Du Petit-

Thouars. At Mauritius, M. Bojer, a distinguished naturalist, who

had formerly resided in Madagascar, very frankly and kindly in-’

formed me of the localities in which the plants I was anxious to

obtain were most likely to be found. From the work of Du

Petit-Thouars, in M. Bojer’s possession, I copied the Ouvirandra,

in a size rather larger than the engraving, and by exhibiting this

» to the natives, at length found one man who knew where it grew ;

_ his master, who had shown me many acts of kindness, allowed

him to go and search for it, and after two or three days he re-

_ turned, saying he had found the plant growing in a stream of

water, but could not get it, owing to the number of crocodiles in

the stream: the late rains, it was said, had made these animals

more numerous than usual at that particular place. At length

_ however the man brought me a fine lot of plants in excellent

condition, and I was happy to reward him for his trouble, and

to take them immediately under my own charge.

“The natives describe this plant as growing on the margin

of running streams. The root, or rhizome, is about an inch in

thickness, and six or nine inches long, often branching in dif-

ferent directions like the roots of ginger or turmeric, but in one

continuous growth, not a succession of distinct formations, at-

tached at the termination of one and the commencement of

another. ‘The root is composed of a white fleshy substance, ap-

parently without large or tough fibres, and is covered with a

rather thick light-brown skin. “ The plant is attached to the

sides of the streams in which it grows by numbers of long, fine,

fibrous radicles, which penetrate and adhere firmly to the loam

or clay of the banks. Entangled amongst these roots were large

quantities of decayed leaves, and other vegetable substances, from

which the plant may probably derive some portion of its nutri-

ment, though, from the bubbles of air frequently found under

the leaves, it would seem to possess the property of decomposing

a portion of the water in which it grows. I was informed that

it also grew in places which were dry at certain seasons of the

year ; that the leaves then died down, but the root buried in the

mud retained its vitality, and when the water returned fresh

leaves burst forth. The natives spoke of it as tenacious of life,

and said that whenever the earth around, even the smallest por-

tion of it, remained moist, that portion would put forth leaves

when again covered with water.

“This plant is valuable to the natives, who at certain seasons

of the year gather it as an article of food, the fleshy root, when

cooked, yielding a farinaceous substance resembling a yam.

Hence its native name, Ouvirandrano,—literally, Water-yam, or

yam of the water: ow, in the Malagasy and Polynesian lan-

guages, signifying yam; and rano, in the former, signifying

water.

“The Ouvirandra is not only a rare and curious, but a sin-

gularly beautiful plant, both in colour and structure. From the

several crowns of the branching root, growing often nearly a foot

deep in the water, a number of graceful leaves, nine or ten inches

long and two or three inches broad, rise on slender stalks, and

spread out horizontally, just beneath the surface of the water.

The flower-stalk rises from the centre of the leaves, and the

branching or fork-like inflorescence is curious ; but the structure

of the leaf is peculiarly so, and seems like a living fibrous skele-

ton, rather than a perfect leaf. The longitudinal fibres extend

in curved lines along its entire length, and are united by thread-

like fibres or veins crossing them at right angles from side to

side at short distances from each other. The whole leaf looks

as if composed of fine tendrils, wrought after a most regular

pattern, so as to resemble a piece of bright-green lace or open

needlework. Each leaf rises from the crown on the root like a_

short, delicate-looking, pale-green, or yellow fibre, gradually un-

folding its feathery sides, and increasing im size as it spreads be-

neath the water. The leaves in their several stages of growth

pass through almost every gradation of colour, from pale yellow

to a dark olive, becoming before they finally decay brown or

nearly black ; while air-bubbles of considerable size frequently

appear under the full-formed and healthy leaves. It is scarcely

possible to imagine any object of the kind more attractive than

a full-grown plant, with its dark-green leaves forming the limit

of a circle two or three feet in diameter, and presenting in the

transparent water, within that circle, leaves in every stage of de-

velopment, both as regards colour and size. Nor is it less cu-

rious to notice, that these slender and fragile structures, appa-

rently not more substantial than the gossamer and flexile as a

feather, still possess a tenacity and wiriness which allows the

delicate leaf to be raised by the hand to the surface of the water

without injury.

“T succeeded in conveying this plant safely to Mauritius, where

it was preserved for more than a year, and seemed to thrive best

in running water, at a temperature of about 74°. I was happy

to present specimens of it to M. Bojer, and to Mr. Duncan, the

Director of the Royal Gardens at Pamplemouses. At the Cape

of Good Hope, Mr. Gibbon kindly took charge of it during my

absence on a journey of more than five months into the interior,

and I willingly left a plant of it in the Botanical Gardens there.

Since my return to England, I have had much satisfaction in

presenting specimens of this rare plant to the Royal Gardens at

Kew, to the Gardens of the Horticultural Society at Chiswick,

and to those at Regent’s Park.”

Persoon, or probably Richard in Persoon’s ‘Synopsis,’ ob-

served of this plant, that it was nearly allied to Aponogeton ; and

no wonder: the habits and general structure, edible roots, di-

rection of the nerves of the leaf, binate spikes, disepalous peri-

anth, stamens and pistils, are common to both. But the able

Decaisne refers Ouvirandra to Naiadee ; Kunth, to the Genera

Fluvialibus afinia ; Endlicher places it next to Saururee, as a

“genus dubium,” standing however next to Aponogeton (in Sau-

ruree); Lindley in Juncaginee ; and Mr. Edgeworth, in a Me-

moir, above quoted, on Aponogeton and the allied genera (1844),

shows that Ouvirandra can scarcely be distinguished from Apo-

nogeton, or, if it is kept distinct, certain species of Aponogeton

must rank with it: and he accordingly draws up a slightly

modified character of Ouvirandra, to which he also refers four

species of Aponogeton (viz. A. erispus, A. pusillus, A. Macrawi,

and 4. undulatus). M. Planchon, in his ‘Observations sur le

Genre Aponogeton et sur ses Affinités naturelles’ (Ann. Sc. Nat.

troisiéme série, vol. i. p. 107. an. 1844), suggests that Aponoge-

ton should form a su rder of dlismacee, or probably a new ©

order, Aponogetacee, and that Ouvirandra should rank with it.

Perhaps, indeed, Du Petit-Thouars was led more especially to

constitute a new genus of this in consequence of the remarkable

organization of the foliage: but, curious and general as is the

fenestrate character in the present species (and probably in the

O. Heudelotii, Kth.) from Senegambia, briefly noticed by De-

caisne, /.c.; yet, in the O. fenestralis, we find occasionally a leaf

(as in the annexed figure) wholly or partially entire, that is,

having the areole of the nerves filled up with parenchyma: and

Decaisne has described and figured a second species of Ouviran-

dra, of Madagascar (O. Bernieriana), filled up with parenchyma,

« foliis plenis,’ exactly as in any ordinary Aponogeton. Our

flowering plant produced no seeds.

Descr. Mr. Ellis has in the above account described so much

of this plant, that but little remains for us to notice. The root

with us has not shown “tubercles,” but consists of a horizontal,

branching cavdex or rhizome, emitting numerous descending

fibres from below ; and above, from different points, clusters or

fascicles of long-petiolated /eaves, which spread more or less hori-

zontally beneath the surface of the water ; they are oblong-obtuse

at the apex, with a mucro, and more or less obtuse at the base :

this blade of the leaf has a strong midrib; the rest is wholly

formed, and from the earliest stage of development, of what ap-

pear to be longitudinal nerves meeting at the point, and con-

nected by transverse nerves or nervelets, of a pale yellowish-

green colour when young, brighter and deeper green when fully

formed, and becoming dark olive-green in age. If these nerves

and nervelets are seen under a microscope, they will be found

to consist of very slender nerves surrounded by a portion of

parenchyma* on each side; sometimes the parenchyma is ex-

- tended, so that the open portion is of an oval form, and in some

rare instances, as above observed, an entire leaf is formed of

parenchyma traversed by the slender nerves. The petioles vary

in length from a finger’s length to a span long, and are terete,

slightly sheathing at the base. Seape from the midst of the

petioles, exactly resembling the petiole, and probably varying in

length according to the depth of water, for the flower-spikes

attain to the surface of the water. Before the spzkes, two in

number, are developed, the dilated apex of the scape bears a

small, calyptriform, striated, deciduous lid,t which falls off en-

* The cells of the parenchyma are very delicate, full of fluid and granules of

green chlorophyll. The nerve consists of a few long, green, tubular cells, sur-

rounding several very slender spiral tracheze in the main ribs, but a single onein

the nervelets. There are’no air-cells in the substance of the leaf, or in the apex

of the petiole. —J. D. H. :

+ Mr. Ellis called my attention to this, and made a sketch of it, sending me

the fallen lid; for it had fallen before the plant arrived at Kew.

tire, and probably consists of two bracts united, leaving a scar

at the base of the spikes, which latter rapidly attain their full

size, about two inches long. achis terete, acuminated, bear-

ing rather sui placed, nearly colourless flowers on all sides.

Perianth (or perhaps bracteoles*) of two membranous, obovate,

whitish scales, inserted on the under side of the flower. Stamens

six. Filaments about as long as the sepals, rather thick, acute

at the point of insertion of the anther. Anther oval, erect, two-

celled, ce//s opening laterally and longitudinally. Ovaries three,

ovate, tapering into a short, slightly curved style.

* Decaisne has the following note :—‘ An, propter florum fabricam, stamina

pro floribus masculis distinctis, et ovaria pro feemineis centralibus, perianthiique

squamz pro bracteis habenda?”

_ Fig. 1. Extremity of a scape, before the spikes are developed, and while yet

covered by the calyptriform :—natural size. 2. Lid or bract, fallen off.

3. Portion of a spike with flowers. 4. Sepal (or bracteole). 5. Stamen.

6. Pistil:—all except fig. 1 more or less magnified.

Tas. 4895.

CLIVIA GarRDENI.

Major Garden's Clivia.

Nat. Ord. AMAnryLLIpacE#.—HEXxANnDRIA’ MONOGYNIA.

Gen. Char, Perigonium superum, corollaceum, tubuloso-infundibulare, 6-parti-

tum, irregulare, deciduum; tubo brevi, tereti; laciniis imbricatis; exterioribus

lineari-lanceolatis ; interioribus paulo Jongioribus, spathulatis ex his inferiore

magis producta, apice leviter recurvata, ex illis superiore breviore, convexo-cur-

vata, cseteris rectiusculis. Stamina sex, summo tubo inserta, decurrentia, erecta ;

petalina paulo longiora, parum exserta. Filamenta filiformia. Anthere oblonge,

dorso supra basin bifidam affixee, erectee (versatiles, Lindl.). Ovarium inferum,

subovatum, obsolete trigonum, triloculare ; ovu/a 6-7 in quolibet loculo, angulo

interno affixa, biseriata, hemianatropa. Columna stylina filiformis, teretiuscula,

erecta, stamina superans. Stigma trifidum; laciniis patulo-recurvatis. Bacca

abortu monosperma (sub-6-sperma, Hook.). Semen adscendens, subgloboso-

compressum ; testa carnosa, areolata; hilo et chalaza lateralibus, raphe brevi

elevata conjunctis. Hméryo axilis, albumine carnoso dimidio brevior; extremi-

tate radiculari hilo parallele contigua infera—Herba acaulis, Capensis. Bulbus

imperfectus; fibris fasciculatis, carnosis, tuberoso-incrassatis. Folia crebra, disticha,

lorata, rigida, persistentia. Scapus plano-converus, solidus, apice umbellato-mul-

tiflorus. Spatha polyphylla, marcescens. Flores pedicellati, bracteolis linearibus

distineti, nutantes, luteo-crocei, apice virescentes. Semina sepe in fructu germi-

nantia. Kunth.

Ciivia Gardeni; foliis obtusiuscule acuminatis, umbella sub-14-flora, floribus

falcato-curvatis, sepalis apice patentibus.

Clearly a species of CZivia, Lindl. (Imantophyllum, Hooz.), and —

perfectly distinct from the only hitherto known species of this

African genus, figured at our Tab. 2856. ‘The leaves are longer,

and they taper gradually into an acuminated but not sharp point ; -

the umbel has fewer flowers, but these flowers are twice the size _

of C. nobilis, and more brightly coloured, very much curved or

falcate, and the apices of the sepals, instead of being incurved so

as to form a very contracted mouth, are spreading, thus forming

an infundibuliform corolla. Clivia nobilis is an inhabitant of the _

Albany Tracts, near the Great Fish River, South Africa; C. Gar-

deni was discovered in the Natal Colony by our excellent friend

Major Garden, and by him introduced to the Royal Garden of _

Kew. ‘Treated as a greenhouse plant, it flowers finely in the —

winter months, and continues for several weeks in blossom. _

JANUARY Ist, 1856. :

Drscr. Root exactly as in C. nobilis, of several stout, fleshy

fibres. Leaves distichously inserted, numerous, all radical, the

bases sheathing: the blade one and a half or two feet long,

gradually tapering towards the extremity into a rather blunt

point. Scape erect, very much and ensiformly compressed, flat

on one side, slightly rounded (subsemiterete) on the other.

Bracts few, small, membranaceous, among the pedicels. Umbel

of about fourteen flowers. Peduncles two inches or more long,

erect or erecto-patent, curved upwards. /owers full two inches

long, independent of the ovary, very much falcate or curved

downwards, of a dull orange or brick-red colour, gradually pass-

ing upwards into yellow, and that again into the green of the

upper extremity: their shape is infundibuliform, curved: the

sepals (united only at the base) overlap each other for their whole

length, except at the apices, which are patent, and thus give their

flower a very different appearance from that of C. nobilis. The

stamens are inserted above the base of the perianth, longer than

it: the filaments white, curved: anthers oblong, yellow. Ovary

subglobose, but three-lobed or angled. Style longer than the

stamen, much inserted beyond the sepals. Stigma trifid.

Fig. 1. Pistil and stamens. 2. Pistil :-—imagnified.

Tas. 4896.

TECOMA Frutva.

Fulvous-flowered Tecoma.

Nat. Ord. BIGNONIACE®.—DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMA.

Gen. Char. Calyx campanulatus, 5-dentatus. Corolla tubo brevi, fauce dilatata,

limbo 5-lobo subbilabiato aut squali. Stamina 4, didynama, cum rudimento

quinti; anthere biloculares, loculis divergentibus. Stigma bilamellosum. Cap-

sula bilocularis, bivalvis, septo valvis contrario. Semina imbricata, alata, trans-

versa.—Arbores fruticesve, sepe scandentes. Folia opposita, digitata aut sepius

imparipinnata. Flores paniculati aut racemosi, sepius terminales, flavi, incar-

nati aut albidi. De Cand.

Tecoma fulva; fruticosa, ramis teretibus glabris junioribus subtetragonis vil-

losis, foliis sparsis imparipinnatis multijugis, petiolo articulato inter pinnas

anguste alato, foliolis cuneato-ovatis subsessilibus apice serratis junioribus

villosis adultis glabris, racemis axillaribus 7—9-floris, pedicellis bibracteatis,

calyce villoso (demum glabro) acute 5-dentato. De Cand.

Tecoma fulva. Don, Gen. Syst. v. 4. p. 224. De Cand. Prodr. v. 9. p. 224.

Bienonta fulva. Cav. Ic. v. 6. p. 58. ¢. 580.

There cannot be a question but that the handsome plant here

figured is the Bignonia fulva* of Cavanilles, till recently appa-

rently only known to that author and to Louis Née, who is re-

ported to have gathered it “im siccis arenosis portus Arice in

confinio Peruvie:” this is about latitude 18° 26’ south. Our

flowering specimens were reared by Messrs. Veitch, of the Exeter

and Chelsea Exotic Nurseries, and sent by them in November,

1855. We have herbarium specimens from various parts of

Peru, gathered by Mr. Cuming (No. 932), Mr. McLean, Mr.

* A much more beautiful, indeed truly lovely and somewhat allied species of

Tecoma is found in Chiloe by Captain King, by Mr. Bridges (“ Pil-pil” of the

natives, climbing up the trees to a height of forty or fifty feet), by Mr. W. Lobb

(No. 474), and in the island of Huaffo by Dr. Eights. The flowers are quite

tubular, apparently rich scarlet ; the leaves pinnated, with oblong, subcoriaceous,

slightly serrated leaflets, and a slightly winged rachis. This I cannot doubt is

the Tecoma ? Guarume, De Cand. (Bignonia alata, Pav. MSS.), although stated to

be an inhabitant of Peru. De Candolle himself suspects that the locality given

by Pavon is not correct.

FEBRUARY Ist, 1856.

Warszewicz, and from Bolivia by Mr. Pentland. Mr. G, Don,

and, following him, De Candolle, appear to have done rightly in

placing it in Zecoma, though it does not answer to the character

“ corolla tubo brevi.”

Descr. Shrub of an erect habit; ranches rich purplish-

brown, terete, glabrous, younger ones hairy. Leaves opposite,

.in outline linear-oblong, petiolate, impari-pinnate, with about

twelve, opposite, sessile, cuneate, grossly serrated, glabrous /eaflets,

and a terminal one ; petiole slightly winged, contracted where the

leaves are set on; rachis jointed, and each joint rather deeply —

winged; the younger /eaves are slightly hairy. Racemes of

flowers terminal, or on small axillary branches which arise from

the upper leaves; the collective flowers constituting a rather

large leafy cyme. Pedicels downy. Calyzx glabrous (hairy, Cav.),

obovate, obscurely angled, cut into five, rather deep, trian-

gular, acuminate, erect teeth. Corolla two inches long, red on

the upper, tawny-yellow on the under side ; ¢uée cylindrical, but

tapering much below and very slender, so as to be infundibuli-

form, slightly curved ; the Zimé scarcely two-lipped, of five nearly

equal, spreading, rounded lobes. Stamens four, included, didy-

namous, inserted at the faux of the corolla; fi/aments short ; an-

thers of two, oblong, slightly divaricated, one-celled lobes, and

having a soft curved jnucro or spur terminating the connectivum ;

there is a small fifth abortive stamen lower down the tube. Ovary

elongated, surrounded by a thick glandular ring. Style longer

than the corolla. Stigma large, two-lipped.

Fig. 1. Calyx and pistil. 2. Ovary and glandular ring. 3. Anther. 4. Co-

rolla laid open, showing the stamens :—magnified.

Tas. 4897.

ARALIA papyRireRA.

Rice-paper Plant.

Nat. Ord. ARALIACEZ.—PENTANDRIA PENTAGYNIA.

en. Char. Calyx tubo cum ovario connato, limbo supero, brevissimo, integro

Vv. quinquedentato. Corolle petala (4—) 5, disci epigyni margini inserta, libera,

expansa. Stamina 5, cum petalis inserta, iisdem alterna; jilamenta brevia; an-

there incumbentes, biloculares. Ovarivm inferum, quinque-decemloculare. Ovula

in loculis solitaria, pendula. Sfyli (2—-) 5, divaricato-patentes; stigmata sim-

plicia. Drupa baccata, costata, calycis limbo stylisque coronata, penta-decapy-

rena, pyrenis chartaceis, monospermis. Semina inversa. Hmbryo in apice albu-

minis dense carnosi brevis, orthotropus, radicula supera.—Arbores, frutices 2.

herbee, ix America imprimis boreali, Japonica et Nova-Zelandia crescentes ; foliis

alternis, simplicibus, integris v. lobatis, digitatis, pinnatis, biternatis, bipinnatis su-

pradecompositisve, foliolis integerrimis v. serratis, petiolis basi vaginantibus ; flori-

bus wmbeilatis, umbellis sepe paniculatis. Endl.

ARALIA papyrifera ; caule inermi erecto subsimplici fruticoso intus copiose albo-

medulloso, foliis praecipue ad apicem caulis longe petiolatis amplis 5-lobis

subtus preecipue (junioribus totis) petiolisque stellato-subferrugineo-tomen-

tosis, lobis lateralibus bilobis terminali trilobo omnibus acutis serratis, stipulis

longissimis subulatis basi cum petiolo adnatis, umbellis subglobosis nume-

rosis sessilibus bracteatis in paniculam amplam ramosam totam. stellato-

tomentosam dispositis, floribus tetrameris, calycis margine truncato integro,

stylis 2 demum divaricatis.

Aralia papyrifera. Hook. Journ. of Bot. 1852. p. 53. ¢. 1, 2.

In the ‘ Journal of Botany’ just referred to,—vols. n. (1850),

p- 27 and p. 250 (tabs. VIII. and IX.), vol. iv. (1852), p. 50

(tabs. I. and IT.), and p. 347, vol. v. (1853), p. 79, and vol. vu.

(1855), p. 92 and p. 281,—we have traced the progress of our

knowledge respecting the origin, and the history, of the well-

known “ice-paper” of the Chinese, and mentioned the gentle-

men through whom we obtained the needful information : which

we have no space to repeat here. It is however to the kindness of

the talented Governor of Hongkong, Sir John Bowring, and his

son, J. C. Bowring, Esq., that we owe a more intimate acquaint-

ance with the plant itself, and finally to the possession of the

living and flowering plant. Our largest specimen, about five feet

FEBRUARY Ist, 1856.

high, placed in a damp stove, produced its fine panicles of blos-

soms in December, 1855 ; but, probably owing to the unfavourable

season of the year, the flowers dropped off, almost as fast as they

were developed, and bore no fruit. From dried specimens that

had flowered at Hongkong in the Governor’s garden, we can make

up the deficiency as far as the immature fruit is concerned.

I must, however, be allowed to state that the plant is only

here provisionally placed in Ara/ia. The character of the several

genera of Araliacee are universally acknowledged to be very

imperfect. A notice has been recently given, in the excellent

‘ Bulletin de la Société Botanique de France,’ September, 1854,

of an “ Esquisse d’une Monographie des Araliacees, par MM. J.

Decaisne et Planchon,” published in the ‘ Revue Horticole,’ n°

du 16 Mars, 1854, pp. 104-109, a work to which unfortunately

I have no access. ‘The Bulletin indeed contains an enumeration

of the nineteen genera into which the Order is divided by these

gentlemen ; but, though accompanied by certain characters, they

are so brief that 1 can come to no satisfactory conclusion on the

suitableness of any to our plant. From 4ralia, as hitherto defined

by authors, it differs in having two instead of five styles, and

might hence be ranked with Panaz : but Aralia, as characterized

by MM. Decaisne and Planchon, should have two to five styles ; it

should however further have a calyx of five teeth (consequently five,

and imbricated, petals), and the genus includes herbs, inhabiting

temperate regions, with compound leaves ; characters at variance

with the species now before us. A well-grown plant of this must

have a fine appearance, as described, in Hongkong—“ seven feet

high, with a circumference, of its terminal branches, of twenty

feet, and throwing out twelve to fourteen panicles three feet long,

drooping like magnificent plumes in regular form over the large

dark palmate leaves.” It seems to be a native exclusively of the

Island of Formosa; and no botanist has ever seen the plant in

its native locality. By the untiring exertions of Sir John Bowring

he induced the Chinese traders to procure living plants, when

on their voyage to that island for the cargo of stems to make

their paper.

Descr. Plant unarmed, five to seven feet high. Stem branch-

ing above, and from two to three, or at most four inches in dia-

meter, forming very little wood, filled with the most exquisitely

white pith, of which the famous “ Rice-paper”’ of China is made,

as detailed in the journal above quoted. Young leaves and

branches and whole inflorescence entirely covered with copious,

stellated, more or less thick and deciduous down; upper surface

of the foliage at length glabrous. Fully grown Jeaves sometimes

a foot long, cordate, five- to seven-lobed; lobes acute, serrated,

sinus very deep; texture soft and rather flaccid. Petioles very

long, terete, furnished at the base with two, long (two inches in

length), soft, subulate, erect stipules. Panicles from the extremity

of the stem or branches and rising above them, then nodding,

one to three feet long; dranches all with subulate dracts, as well

as the terminal and sessile, capitate wmbels, which are arranged

alternately on the ultimate branches. FJowers on short pedi-

cels, polygamous, tetramerous. Ovary turbinate, woolly : mar-

gin of the calyx obsolete. Petals four, ovate, concave, acute,

valvate, woolly on the outside. Stamens four, alternate with

the petals, incurved; anthers oval, two-celled, rather large.

Styles two, at first erect and slightly incurved, at length (in

fruit) divaricated. Stigma small, capitate. The stylopodium is

depressed and surrounded by an elevated, waved, fleshy ring.

fruit in the dry state nearly black, scarcely mature, subglo-

bose, obscurely didymous, laterally, but moderately, compressed,

smooth, crowned with the fleshy ring just mentioned, and the

divaricating styles.

Fig. 1. Tuft of stellated hairs. 2. Flower. 3. Ovary from the same. 4.

Umbel of scarcely mature fruits (natural size), taken from a dried specimen.

5. Single fruit from the same :—all but fig. 4 more or less magnified.

Tas. 4898.

DENDROBIUM satetseum.

Double-spurred Dendrobium.

Nat. Ord. OrcHIpDE®.—GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Gen. Char. (Vide supra, TaB. 4755.)

DenpDRogium (§ Dendrocoryne) digibdum ; caulibus elongatis apice 3—5-phyllis,

racemis erectis elongatis dissitifloris, petalis subrotundis sepalis duplo lati-

oribus, labelli trilobi lobis rotundatis medio cristato basi gibboso, sepalis

lateralibus in calcar productis. Lindl.

Denprosivm bilobum. Part. Fl. Garden, v. 3. p. 25. n. 491. fig. 245 (wood-

cut only).

A species of Dendrobium with very handsome flowers; but

the long, slender, bare pseudo-bulbous stems, and few and nar-

row sparse leaves, are great drawbacks to the general beauty of

the plant. We are indebted for the specimen here figured to

Mr. C. Loddiges, in November, 1855; he had received the

plant from Dr. Thomson, who found it on Mount Adolphus,

Torres’ Straits, on the north-east coast of New Holland. In

consequence of this tropical locality, it requires greater heat in

the cultivation than most Australian Orchidee. A drawing, made

on the spot, and dried specimens show that from ten to twelve

flowers are sometimes produced upon one peduncle.

Descr. Pseudo-bulbs stem-like, long, slender, fusiform, a span

or more in length, the younger ones clothed with green, sheath-

ing, foliaceous scales, and at the extremity bearing two to four

or five narrow, linear-oblong, subacuminated, very obscurely

striated Jeaves. The o/der stems or pseudo-bulbs are swollen

at the very base, and are sheathed throughout the length with

pale, brownish, membranaceous, striated scales, and have no

leaves. From these older stems the peduncle arises from near

the apex, and is about as long as the stem, erect, in the present

instance, two- to ten- or twelve-flowered. Flowers deep lilac.

Sepals ovate, spreading ; two lateral ones terminating below in

a short, blunt, curved spur; above this spur is a gibbosity, oc-

FEBRUARY Ist, 1856.

casioned by the like swelling at the base of the lip: from the

presence of this and the spur is derived the specific name 4i-

gibbum. Petals large, nearly orbicular, horizontally patent. Lip

deeper-coloured than the rest of the flower, three-lobed : /ateral

lobes large, incurved ; middle lobe moderately reflexed, retuse at

the apex: the disc has a large, elevated, white crest, papillose

for the greater part of its length: the base is decurrent, and

forms a gibbosity. Column large, compressed, grooved, the back

closely united with the sepal, the clinandrium only standing a

little forward.

_ Fig, 1. Side view of the lip, and spur of the sepals. 2. Front view of the

lip. 3. Column. 4. Pollen-masses.

Tas. 4899.

APHELANDRA variecata.

Variegated Aphelandra.

Nat. Ord. AcANTHACER.—DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA.

Gen. Char. Calyx 5-partitus, ineequalis. Corolla hypogyna, ringens, labio

superiore subfornicato, inferioris tripartiti laciniis lateralibus multo minoribus.

Stamina 4, corollze tubo inserta, inclusa, didynama; anthere uniloculares,

mutice. Ovarium biloculare, loculis biovulatis. Stylus simplex ; stigma bifi-

dum. Capsula teretiuscula, bilocularis, tetrasperma, loculicide bivalvis, valvis

medio septiferis. Semina compressa, retinaculis subtensa.—Frutices America

tropice; foliis oppositis; spicis avillaribus et terminalibus, tetragonis; bracteis

oppositis, submembranaceis, bracteolis angustis ; corollis speciosis, rubicundis (vel

Jflavis). Endl.

APHELANDRA variegata ; foliis brevissime petiolatis ovato-lanceolatis venis in-

ferne albo-lineatis, spicis simplicibus incrassatis subtetragonis, bracteis ellip-

ticis obtusis integerrimis aurantiacis carinatis, corolle flavee tubo valde elon-

gato labiis subzequalibus superiore conduplicato inferiore trifido, laciniis late-

ralibus vix minoribus, sepalis oblongis acutis.

APHELANDRA variegata. Morel, in Fl. des Serres, v. 10. ¢. 981.

Received from the Messrs. Veitch, of the Exotic Nurseries,

Exeter and Chelsea. It is a native of Brazil, and is certainly

an extremely handsome plant, worthy of a place in every stove :

its foliage is ample and striking; and the large elongated spikes

resemble a narrow pine-cone, but are of the richest orange-red,

from the scales of which protrude the bright yellow flowers;

and, in addition, its flowering season with us is in the dead of

winter. It requires the same mode of treatment as the 4. auran-

tiaca, Lindl., figured at our Tab. 4224, which it much resembles,

but there are the following remarkable differences in our present

plant :—Leaves larger, longer, and on very short petioles, with

white lines at the base of the veins. Scales of the spike ellip-

tical, obtuse, entire, coloured; flowers much smaller, fewer ex-

panded at a time, uniformly and invariably yellow, with the

lateral segments of the lower lip as long and nearly as broad as

the central one ; calyx much smaller and of a different shape.

Descr. Our plants are about a foot and a half high, mode-

FEBRUARY Ist, 1856,

rately branched, everywhere glabrous. Leaves opposite, between

ovate and lanceolate, slightly waved, moderately acuminate, en-

tire, strongly ribbed, the ribs or veins generally with a white

streak at the base: petioles very short, thick, dilated or winged

at the margin. Spies terminal, strobiliform, almost a span long,

tetragonons, formed of closely imbricated carinated scales, in

four ranks, of a rich reddish-orange colour, elliptical, obtuse,

entire, uppermost one the narrowest, lowermost pair the broad-

est, and green on the back. From each of these scales, one at

a time, appear the flowers, about four in a whorl, slightly pubes-

cent, bright uniform yellow. The two lips of the corolla are

nearly equal in length; upper lip entire, carinate, and condu-

plicate, emarginate ; lower of three nearly equal segments, lanceo-

late, the intermediate one scarcely larger than the lateral ones :

the tube of the corolla long, slender. Calyz of five, nearly equal,

oblong, moderately acute sepals. Stamens as in A. aurantiaca, in-

cluded. Ovary, from a thickened base, ovate : style long, slender,

downy above: stigma obtuse, bifid.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Pistil :—magnified.

es | ° 4

| | ate ghee

4 Re git

Tas. 4900.

NYCTANTHES Arsor-tristTIs.

Arbor-tristis, or Night Jasmine.

Nat. Ord. JasmINE&%.—D1anpria MonoGynta.

Gen. Char. Calyx tubulosus, integer aut vix 5-6-denticulatus. Corolla tubo

tereti, limbo 5—7-lobo, lobis obcordatis per estivationem sinistrorsum contortis.

Anthere 2, ad faucem sessiles. Stigma capitatum. Capsula chartacea, compressa,

obovata, emarginata, bilocularis, bipartibilis, loculis indehiscentibus. Semina in

quoque loculo solitaria, fundo affixa, erecta, exalbuminosa.—Frutex Jndicus, non

scandens. Ramuli tetragoni. Folia opposita, breviter petiolata, ovata, acuta, utrin-

que scabra. Pedunculi awillares et terminales, apice flores tres umbellulatos bibrac-

teatos gerentes. Corolle alje tubo aurantiaco. Flores odoratissimi. De Cand.

NyctantuHes Arbor-tristis.

Nyctantues Arbor-tristis. Zinn. Sp. Pl. ed. v. 2. p.8. Roxb. Fl. Ind. v. 1.

p. 85. Hort. Kew. ed. 2.v.1. Ker, Bot. Reg. t. 399. . De Cand. Prodr.

v. 8. p. 314,

Scasprita scabra. Linn. Syst. Veget. ed. 12. p. 115.

Paritium Arbor-tristis. Gaertn.

Mansapumeram. Rheede, Hort. Malad. v. 1. p. 35. ¢. 21.

Sép’halicdé. Jones, Asiat. Res. v. 4. p. 244.

In no modern work on Botany does a good figure of this in-

teresting plant appear; indeed we know of only one such figure

at all, that of Mr. Ker above quoted, and that is so indifferent

that we are glad to offer a better from plants which were raised

at Mount Lebanon, Twickenham, by Her Grace the Dowager

Duchess of Northumberland, from seeds lately received from

India. It is treated as a stove-plant. Though introduced by

Sir Joseph Banks in 1781 from India, it is nevertheless little

known in our collections. Its name, Myctanthes (vvE, night, and

avos, flower) Arbor-tristis, has perhaps created a prejudice against

it. Sir William Jones tells us: “This gay tree (for nothing sor-

rowful appears in its nature) spreads its rich odour to a consi-

derable distance every evening, but at sunrise it sheds most of

its night-flowers, which are collected with care for the use of

FEBRUARY Ist, 1856.

perfumers and dyers. My pundits unanimously assure me that

the plant before us is their Sép’halica, thus named because bees

are supposed to sleep on the blossoms.” It is certain, however,

that when the fragrant corollas, with the bright orange eye and

orange tube have fallen, as they do early in the morning, the plant

has but an indifferent appearance. These orange-coloured tubes

are, according to Roxburgh, what yield the colour or dye, but

unfortunately no way has yet been discovered of rendering this

colour permanent. The plant blossoms through the summer

months. Although a native of India, it is not correctly known

of what particular district it is a native: Clusius says Goa, and

only there ; but Dr. Hooker found it wild abundantly in Assam.

Descr. A straggling, but not climbing s/rué (in India often

a small free), with spreading, acutely four-angled, and almost

winged branches, the angles often tinged with red. Leaves ovate,

acuminate, from two to five inches long, opposite, penninerved,

entire or often dentato-lobate; petioles half to three-quarters

of aninch long. Corymés terminal, the branches opposite, three-

flowered. Flowers sessile, each flower subtended by two broadly

ovate bracts, almost concealing the calyx. Ca/ya cylindrical, sub-

turbinate, villous with appressed hairs, truncate, with five very

minute teeth. Corolla hypocrateriform ; tude thrice as long as the

calyx, orange-colour within and without, within also hairy at the

base ; /imé of six, imbricating, cuneate, subcontorted, erose, white,

spreading segments. Stamens two, included ; Jilaments very short,

inserted just within the mouth of the tube ; anther ovato-cordate,

having a small curved spur at the back, near the apex. Ovary

ovato-globose ; sty/e included, shorter than the tube of the co-

rolla; stigma peltate, with a depression in the centre.

Fig. 1. Calyx. 2. Corolla laid open, showing the insertion of the stamens.

3. Stamen. 4. Pistil :—magnified.

eo mee

Tas. 4901.

CYPRIPEDIUM purpuratvum.

Purple-stained Lady’s Slipper.

Nat. Ord. OrcHIpE®.—GYNANDRIA DIANDRIA.

Gen. Char. Perianthium patens. Sepala lateralia connata aut distincta, labello

supposita. Petala libera, sepius angustiora. Ladellum inflatum, margine

utrinque auriculato inflexo. Colwmna nana. Stamina 8, quorum unum sterile

centrale dilatatum inflexum, et 2 fertilia lateralia; anthere sub stamine sterili

latentes, subrotundo-biloculares. Pollen pulverulento-glandulosum. Stylus sub-

liber, teres, stigmate disciformi terminatus.—Herbee ¢errestres utringue orbis, ab

equatore fere ad circulum arcticum vigentes. Folia radicalia aut caulina, coriacea

aut plicata. Flores solitarii racemosi v. paniculati, speciosi. Lindl.

CYPRIPEDIUM purpuratum; acaule, foliis oblongis acutis striatis maculatis basi

equitantibus, scapo aphyllo pubescente, sepalo dorsali acuminato margine

revoluto, petalis ovali-oblongis acutis marginibus superne precipue ciliatis

(non verrucosis), stamine sterili lunato.

Cypripeprum purpuratum. Lindl. Bot. Reg. v. 23. ¢.1991. Wight, Ic. Plant.

Ind. Or. v. 5 t. 1760?

We have already, under our Cypripedium barbatum (Tab.

4234), indicated the very close affinity between that and C. ve-

nustum, Wall., and our present plant. The chief distinction rests

on the absence of the warts at the upper edge of the petals, and

those petals are in the plant before us much broader than those

of C. darbatum ; but their characters seem constant, and we think

that Cypripedium (so called) purpuratum of Dr. Wight, above

quoted, should rather be referred to C. darbatum, for the petals

are very narrow, and though the verruce themselves are not dis-

tinctly exhibited (the drawing being most likely taken from the

dried specimen), yet the marginal hairs are represented in tufts,

as if they grew from warts. It is a lovely species, whether the

size and beauty of the flowers or the mottled foliage be consi-

dered : native of the Malayan Archipelago, and flowers in a damp

stove in November. A

Duscr. Stem none. Leaves radical, the longest four to five —

inches long, oblong, moderately acute, often bi-trifid at the point, —

distichous, sheathing and equitant at the base; the surface is _

FEBRUARY Ist, 1856.

striated, and between the striz is alternately, in blotches, green

and white (or whitish-green) ; the substance subcoriaceous. Scape

from a small upright sheathing central leaf, eight to ten inches

long, terete, purple, naked, pubescenti-hirsute. Flower large,

solitary, termimal. .At the base of the long, club-shaped, fur-

rowed, downy ovary is a rather large green upright dract. Sepals

spreading, two upper ones very large, subrotund, much acumi-

nated, white, richly striped with purple; /ower sepal (two com-

bined) small, oblong, lanceolate, directed downwards. Sepals

large, spreading, oblong, acute, brownish-purple, streaked, at the

base spotted with deeper purple. Zadellum large, unguiculate,

helmet-shaped, greenish-purple, obscurely veined. Sterile stamen

very large, reniform. |

Tas. 4902.

CATTLEYA maxima.

Largest Cattleya.

’ Nat. Ord. OrncHIDEZ.—GYNANDRIA MoNANDRIA.

Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4700.)

CATTLEYA maxima; pseudobulbis clavatis elongatis alte sulcatis, foliis sub-

emarginatis basi sublatioribus, pedunculo 2-3- (pluri-) floro, spatha an-

cipiti longiore, sepalis lanceolatis petaloideis subrecurvis, petalis pluries

latioribus convexis undulatis reticulatim pictis, labello convoluto apice ex-

planato oblongo subcrispato-lobato per axin levissimo. Lindl.

CaTTLEYA maxima. Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orchid. p.116. Bot. Reg. 1844, sub

t.5. Journ. of the Hort. Soc. v.1. Part I. p. 64. Bot. Reg. 1846, v. 32. ¢.1.

This very fine specimen was sent us, in the autumn of 1855,

by W. G. Farmer, Esq., of Nonsuch Park, Surrey, as a quite

new Cattleya, the origin of which was not precisely known ; but

there cannot be the smallest doubt of its specific identity with

Cattleya maxima, figured and described by Dr. Lindley from

Hartweg’s Plants: native of Guayaquil and Columbia. But,

though described in the several works above noticed as a new

species, our great Orchidist expresses his doubts how far it can

lay claim to the rank of. a species, for it evidently approaches

_ both C. Mossi@ and labiata in many important particulars: “ its

main peculiarities consist in its long-channelled pseudobulbs,

and in its very convex wavy petals, which are quite different in

appearance from the thin, nearly flat petals of C. Mossie and

labiata.” Be that as it may, the plant is a very beautiful one,

and the specimen particularly fine, having seven fully-formed

flowers on the spike at the time it was submitted to our artist

for drawing ; and the labellum, of a pale colour, almost white,

with an orange-yellow streak on the disc, is elegantly reticulated

with purple veins. The sepals and petals are paler in colour

than the specimen figured by Dr. Lindley, and this only sets off

the variegated colouring of the lip to the greater advantage.

Duscr. Pseudobulbs clustered, forming a terete or slightly

MARCH Ist, 1856.

compressed sfem, a foot or more long, sheathed with long, mem-

branaceous, striated scales, and terminated by a single, oblong,

coriaceous /ea/, eight or ten inches long, and from two to three

broad. Panicle from the apex of the pseudobulb and base of

the leaf, the peduncle arising from a compressed membranous

sheath. V/owers six or seven on the same panicle, extremely

large and handsome. Ovary very long, clavate, pedicelliform.

Sepals spreading, narrow, lanceolate, acuminate, even, pale rose-

colour. Petals equally spreading, of the same colour, much

broader than the sepals, waved. The “ip is very large; lower

part (or two lateral lobes) convolute into a tube; the central

lobe is large and spreading, crisped at the mouth: the ground-

colour of the tube is white; in the disc or centre is an orange-

coloured streak, and from a deep rose-coloured line bordering

that a number of branching lines of the same colour diverge to-

wards the margin.

ce:

Tas. 4903.

ENCEPHALARTUS Carrer.

Caffrarian Encephalartus, or Caffer-bread.

Nat. Ord. Cyrcapra.—Dia@cia PoLYANDRIA.

Gen. Char. FLoREs MAscULI :—Anthere aperte, in strobilum terminalem pe-

dunculatum collectz, undique rachi communi inserte, singule oblongo-cuneate,

apice incrassato-obtuse v. acuminate, acumine sursum flexo, connectivo plus

minus distincto. FLorEs r@MINEI:—Carpidia plurima, monophylla, aperta, in

strobilos terminales pedunculatos collecta, rachi communi undique inserta, sin-

gula basi in stipitem attenuata, apice in peltam rhomboideam dilatata, pelta sub-

tus utrinque ovulo unico inverso foeta. Fructus synearpius, e carpidiis laxius-

cule coalitis. Semina ovoidea, testa ossea, seepius carpidii processu fungoso cu-

pulatim excepta. £mbryo inversus, in axi albuminis carnosi, radicula respectu

racheos communis centripeta.—Arbores, interdum gigantea, in Africa australi

subtropica (regione Caffrarum), frondibus pinnatis, pinnis lata basi sessilibus, mul-

tinerviis, apice sepius spinoso-denticulatis. Endl.

ENcEPHALARTUS Caffer; caudice erecto glabro tereti-cylindraceo elato, foliis

(cum petiolo) subtripedalibus apice recurvis circumscriptione lanceolatis

pinnatis glabris, pinnis utrinque sub-37 erecto-patentibus anguste lanceo-

latis coriaceis rigidis atro-viridibus (minime glaucis) planiusculis supra niti-

dis estriatis subtus minute longitudinaliter striatis, margine paululum recur-

vis integris vel uni- vel remote- bi-tridentato-spinosis, inferioribus latiori-

bus apice mucronato-spinosis reliquis mucrone obtuso recurvo terminatis,

rachi glabra obtuse inequaliter subtetragona, amento masculo subcylindraceo

sesquipedali, squamis antheriferis oblongis glabris tuberculoso-rugosis apice

rostrato, rostro decurvo truncato.

a. foliolis omnibus integerrimis. (Tas. NostR. 4903.)

8. foliolis hic illic remote dentato-spinosis.

EncrpHatartus Caffer. Lehm. Pugill. v. 6. p.11. Mig. Monogr. Cycad. p. 53.

Cycas Caffra. “ Thunb. Nov. Act. Reg. Soc. Ups. tom. 2. p. 283.”

Zamia Cycadis. Linn. Fil. Suppl. p. 443. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. p. 412.

Zamia Caffra. Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. p. 429.

Encepnazartus longifolia. Lehm. Pugill. v. 6. p.14. Mig. lc. p. 54.

A desire to give a local habitation and a name, if possible, to

this noble Cycadaceous plant, of which we have received at Kew

splendid living specimens from various friends, our finest from

J. Moxon, J. Brehem, and — Ariderne, Esqs., from the neigh-

bourhood of Graham’s Town, induce me to give a representation

from imperfect materials,—imperfect from the absence of fruit-

bearing amenta, in which probably the most dependable distin-

guishing characters will be found to reside. Of the species to

which it belongs, I would desire to speak with great caution ; and

MARCH Ist, 1856.

indeed several of the fourteen described species of the genus are

generally, for want of complete specimens, unsatisfactorily distin-

guished. Of those fourteen I had hesitated whether to refer our

plant to the #. Caffer, a plant of Thunberg’s discovery, or the /

longifolius of Lehmann, two species which have so many points in

common, that I have at length ventured to consider them the

same and to adopt the older name.* Our specimens are cer-

tainly liable to some variations in the greater or lesser length and

breadth of the leaflets, and in their being sometimes wholly en-

tire on a plant, while on other plants a considerable number is

seen bearmg one or two or three large, often patent, remote,

spinous teeth, generally on one margin.

E. Caffer, being a plant of the ‘ Hortus Kewensis,’ might be

expected to be an authentically named species in the Gardens of

Kew; but none has of late years borne that name, and the one

now before us is of recent importation; but there is a fine old

Encephalartus, introduced by Masson (as was the &. Caffer of

H. K.), which I should have been disposed to refer to that species,

if it had exhibited any disposition to toothing on the leaflets (and

the two varieties given by Aiton are both toothed), and were it

not that the leaves, especially the recently formed ones, are as

glauco-pruinose as those of #. horridus, a peculiarity not noticed

by any author as existing in #. Caffer. The plant to which I now

allude (of which an atlas-folio figure was engraved from the

pencil of Mrs. Withers, and published under the name of 7.

pungens) has rouch longer leaves than those of our #. Caffer, five

and a half feet long, not, or scarcely, recurved at the extremity,

the leaflets larger and longer, more crowded, fifty-two to sixty on

each side the rachis, a// mucronated; a male cone from it, pre-

served it in the Museum, is two feet five inches long and eight

inches in diameter ; and there is reason to believe it was a plant

of the same species which produced a female cone at Lady Tan-

kerville’s, Walton-upon-Thames, in 1832, and was published by

Mr. Chandler,} in three atlas-folio plates; and as that plant is

known to have gone to Chatsworth, it is probable that it was

that which bore the fruit that was modelled there by James

Yates, Esq., and of which he kindly presented a model to Kew,

under the name of F. Caffer.

In regard to the figures of H. Caffer and EP. longifolius, referred

to by Miquel, I regret that I have not access to either, and they

are probably unimportant. .

The ELncephalartus Caffer is the Bread-tree of the Caffers; and

* Dr. Lehmann thus distinguishes the two in his ‘ Pugillus’:—

_ &. Caffer ; candice glabro, rachi trigono pinnisque lanceolatis acutis mucrona-

tis viridibus glabris, junioribus dente uno alterove, adultis integris, fructu glabro.

i. longifolius ; candice glabro, rachi tetragono pinnisque lanceolatis acutis

muticis integerrimis viridibus glabris, fructu glabro.

J} Under the incorrect name of Zamia pungens.

the substance called Caffer-bread, Thunberg tells us, is “ the me-

dulla or pith (in other words, the cabbage, or young unformed

leaves, while yet within the substance of the top of the trunk),

from which the Hottentots contrive to prepare their bread. For

this purpose, after scooping out the pith, they bury it in the

earth, and leave it there for the space of two months to rot, after

which they knead it and make it into a cake, which, in their

_ usual slovenly and filthy manner, they slightly bake in the em-

bers. I observed that the tree stood in dry and sterile places,

between stones, and grew slowly.” ‘The seeds are also roasted

and eaten.

Our object now is to give the best description we can of the

species under consideration.

Descr. The individual from which our drawing was taken

exhibits a ¢rwuk which, like the ‘“ Black-boys”’ (Xanthorrhea) of

Australia, had been blackened by the fires of the natives, is six

and a half feet high,* erect, nearly cylindrical throughout, with

a circumference of three and a half feet, the whole presenting on

the surface, by the persisting bases of the fallen leaves, a kind

of tessellated work, a compact tissue of areoles of a somewhat

transversely rhomboidal form, all coming to the same level, so

that no one projects beyond the rest. Near the summit the bases

of the recently fallen leaves are more prominent, and give a tu-

berculated character; all appear glabrous, in nowise villous or

squamulose. Forming a beautiful crown on the scaly summit,

arise the /eaves, thirty or forty or more in number, spreading in

all directions, three to three feet four inches long, more or less

recurved, the outer ones for nearly their whole length, the rest

more especially so at the apex, where they have a somewhat scor-

poid character. The pefiole is six or eight inches long, somewhat

terete, the upper side however nearly plane, and having a sort of

ridge in the centre, so that a transverse section (with the some-

what keeled back) is obsoletely four-angled, one angle (the back)

more rounded than the rest, and the same form runs through the

rachis, as shown in our Fig. 1. These leaves are of a very harsh,

rigid, and coriaceous character, lanceolate, pinnated for the

whole length with numerous pizza, four to six inches long, five

lines broad in the widest part; these are somewhat obliquely set

on to the margins formed by the nearly plane upper surface of

the rachis, and are sessile, the very base spreading or decurrent

both above and below into a kind of foot, which is paler-coloured

than the leaf or rachis; these pinne are alternate, they rarely

spread horizontally, but are erecto-patent with regard to the

rachis, of a linear-lanceolate form, of a dark green colour, the

lower ones, which are broader than the rest, ending in a strong

mucronate point, the rest have a much shorter and less sharp

point, which turns back (uncinate); the upper surface is the

* Another of our specimens has the trunk eight feet high all but two inches.

darkest-coloured and most glossy, is obsoletely tuberculated with

small, raised, distant points, nearly plane, but sometimes slightly

channelled or grooved in the centre, destitute of stria, but in

the young leaves the surface, under a rather strong lens, has a

minutely furfuraceous appearance ; beneath the margin is slightly

recurved, and there is a carina or slightly projective keel or

midrib, and the surface is seen to be minutely and closely stri-

ated; the margin is quite entire, solitary, no single tooth in the

plant now before us; but we possess other plants, and of various

ages, in which some of the leaves are as entire as in this, while

others have a greater or less number of leaflets with one or two

or three remote teeth, generally on one (the lower) side or margin,

and these are often large and spinulose, and as if effected by a

gash, mostly near the base, approaching in character some of the

lesser divisions in the leaflets of #. horridus, in no case confined

to the apex of a branch, as the toothing is said to be in both the

varieties of #. Caffer mentioned by Aiton.*

Matz Amentum one foot nine inches long, including the

short, stout stipes, sixteen inches in girth, arising from the apex

of the trunk and from the centre of the crown of leaves, con-

sisting of-a number of scales attached to a central axis, united

into the form of a nearly cylindrical, moderately acute cone, four

inches in diameter. Each scale (anther, according to the views

of those who compare, and with much reason, the floral organs

of the Cycadee with those of Conifere,—and, what are here

called anther-cells, po//en-masses),—is about two inches long in

the widest part of the amentum, broad, oblong-cuneate, thick,

leathery, almost woody when old, tawny-brown, thicker in the

middle and keeled on the under side, rough and tuberculated

as if by a wrinkling of the substance, terminating in a kind of

rostrum, more or less long and more or less truncated at its

apex, which is curved downwards. The under side of this is

covered with crowded, tawny-orange, one-celled, globose, firm

and subcoriaceous, quite sessile azther-cells, splitting open on

the anterior side longitudinally into two valves, and filled with

a pale globose subpellucid powder, which, under a microscope, is

seen to be marked with a transverse line. These anther-cells and

their contents bear a most exact resemblance to the spores and

spore-cases of Botrychium among Ferns.

Fig. 1. Lower portion of a leaf. 2, 3. Upper and under side of a male scale

of the male amentum or cone :—wat. size. 4, 5. Anther-cases. 6. Spores :—

magnified.

* Since this description was printed, I have received from James Yates, Esq.,

Lauderdale House, Highgate, a letter full of interesting information on this and

other allied species of Encephalartus, too long for insertion, but which I trust

will be allowed to appear in another place. He had however long ago considered

our present plant to be H. Caffer, and L. longifolius a mere state of the same.

Tas. 4904.

RHODODENDRON MouLMAINENSE.

Moulmain Rhododendron.

Nat. Ord. Ertcea.—Dercanpria Monoeynia.

Gen. Char. (Vide supra, TaB. 4336.)

RHODODENDRON Moulmainense ; frutex glaberrimus, foliis lato-lanceolatis sub-

acuminatis utrinque nudis brevi-petiolatis, petiolis basi incrassatis, umbellis

terminalibus, pedunculis flores longitudine equantibus nudis, calyce minutis-

simo 5-lobo, corolla (alba intus flavescentis) tubo elongato sulcato, limbi

subaquilongi lobis oblongo-ovatis undulatis patentibus, ovario oblongo pro-

funde 6-sulcato 6-loculari, staminibus 10 limbo corolle brevioribus, filamentis

basi pubescentibus, stylo paululum staminibus longiore.

Recent botanists have clearly shown that in the eastern

parts of the world, near the parallel of the Malay Islands, in

mountain regions from Borneo and Java, south, to the Sikkim-

Himalaya in the north, is the maximum of Rhododendrons to be

found: witness Dr. Hooker’s discoveries in the latter country,

Griffith’s and Mr. Booth’s in the adjacent territory of Bootan, -

the Dutch botanists in Java, and Mr. Lowe’s in Borneo. The

native country of the species now figured is within the limits just

mentioned, namely Moulmain, on the Gerai Mountains, at an

elevation of 5000 feet above the level of the sea, where it was

discovered by Mr. Thomas Lobb. It should be observed, that

a dried specimen from Mr. Lobb, with the same locality, and

apparently the same species, has red flowers. Seeds were reared

by Messrs. Veitch of the Exeter and Chelsea Nurseries, and

the flowering branch here figured was sent to us from a warm

greenhouse in January of the present year. f

Descr. Shrud with reddish branches, and glabrous, as is every

part of the plant, and destitute of the minute scales so common

to many species of the genus. Leaves mostly spreading from the

_ apex of a branch and, in the flowering specimen, just beneath the

umbel, four to five inches long, broadly lanceolate, penninerved,

MARCH lst, 1856.

shortly acuminate, coriaceous, dark green above, paler beneath.

Petioles short, terete, swollen at the base. Flowers forming an

umbel from the apex of the branch, but two or three arise toge-

gether from different points. Peduacles about as long as the

flowers. Calyx very minute, scarcely conspicuous, except when

the corolla is removed, and then a small five-lobed disc is seen.

Corolla pure white (in our specimen), tinged with yellow on the

upper side within, infundibuliformi-campanulate. Zude mode-

rately long, furrowed: /odes of the Zimd longer than the tube,

spreading, oblong-obtuse, but apiculate, undulated. Stamens ten,

spreading, shorter than the lobes of the corolla: ji/aments slightly

thickened and villosely downy : anther small, oblong (abortive ?).

Ovary oblong, unusually narrow in this genus, deeply six-sulcate.

Style glabrous, longer than the stamens. Stigma capitate, indis-

tinctly lobed.

Fig. 1. Flower :—wat. size. 2.Stamen. 3. Calyx and pistil. 4. Calyx and

ovary, the latter cut through transversely :—magnified.

“4

Tas. 4905.

LALLIA acuMINATA.

Tapering Lelia.

Nat. Ord. OrcnripE#.—GyNANDRIA MOoNANDRIA.

- Gen. Char. (§ Epidendree.) Sepala explanata, lanceolata, squalia. Petala

majora, paulo difformia. Ladellum (posticum) 3-partitum, lamellatum, circa co-

lumnam convolutum. Colwmna aptera, carnosa, antice canaliculata. Anthera

8-locularis. Pollinia 8, caudiculis 4 elasticis.—Herbe epiphyte, rhizomate pseudo-

bulbophoro. Scapi terminales, pauci- v. multiflori. Flores speciosi, odorati. Lindl.

Lata acuminata ; pseudobulbis ovatis compressis rugosis, foliis solitariis emar-

ginatis scapo erecto brevioribus, floribus corymbosis, bracteis linearibus acu-

minatis ovario duplo brevioribus, sepalis linearibus petalisque lanceolatis

undulatis acuminatis, labelli lobis lateralibus rotundatis intermedio lanceolato

undulato acuminato. Lindl.

Lia acuminata. Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1841. ¢. 24.

This delicate, graceful, and fragrant Lelia is a native of Gua-

temala, whence it was sent to the Horticultural Society by Mr.

Hartweg, with the name of ‘Flor de Jesus ;” so called on ac-

count of its beauty by the natives. It was discovered at a place

called Retatulen, growing on the trunk of the Calabash-tree.

From ZL. rubescens, Lindl. Bot. Reg., 1840, t. 41, its near ally,

it differs, Dr. Lindley observes, “in its larger, wrinkled peo:

bulbs, larger and more corymbose flowers, and in the different

form of the labellum;” but as our plant (correctly named by

Dr. Lindley) has the flowers of this species (Z. acuminata), but

the small pseudobulbs of Z. rubescens, it may admit of a doubt —

if the two be permanently distinct from each other. The only

remedy would be to make a new species of this, which, seeing

how liable to vary are the Orchideous plants in their pseudobulbs

and leaves as well as in the flowers, we are very ill-disposed to

do. Our plant flowered in November.

Descr. Pseudobulbs in our plant small, clustered, broad ovate,

compressed, convex on one side, almost plane on the other, with

a central elevated line, slightly wrinkled, surrounded with large,

brown, ovate, acuminated scales, bearing at the summit an oblong,

MARCH Ist, 1856.

rather acute, coriaceous, solitary /eaf, four to five inches long,

without visible nerves. From the base or axil of this leaf the

slender, jointed, erect scape arises, about a foot high; sheathed

with a brown scale at every joint, terminated with four, spread-

ing, white, graceful, fragrant flowers. Ovary long, pedunculi-

form, subtended by a subulate dract, about half its length. Se-

pais spreading, linear-oblong, rather acute. Petals oblong, nearly

twice the width of and longer than the sepals, waved, much

spreading. zp about equal in length with the petals, pure

white, as is the rest of the flower, but with a stain of yellow in

the disc, which again at the base is deep purple,—oblong,

three-lobed, veined in the middle and slightly downy on the

surface ; the lateral lobes are incurved; the intermediate ones

oblong, acute, recurved towards the apex, acute, waved. Column

furrowed in front. Axther-case hemispherical. Pollen-masses

four in each anther-cell.

Fig. 1. Labellum. 2. Column. 3. Pollen-masses.

ty)

WME Le

RAPES . j A

Tas. 4906.

BANKSIA Vicrori.

Victorian Banksia.

Nat. Ord. Proreace®.—TEtRaNDRIA Monoeynta.

Gen. Char. Flores in amentum exinvolucratum collecti, paribus tribracteatis.

Perigonium quadripartitum vel quadrifidum. Stamina 4, apicibus concavis laci-

niarum perigonii immersa. Syuamule hypogynee 4. Ovarium uniloculare. Ovula

2, collateralia, supra medium marginis affixa, primiz latere exteriore longitudina-

liter fisso, nucleum nudante. Séylus filiformis ; stigma clavatum. Folliculus

ligneus, bilocularis, ovulorum priminis in dissepimentum ligneum liberum bipar-

tibile concretis. Semina 2, utrinque dissepimenti basi excavate adplicita, superne

in alam cuneatam producta.—Frutices vel arbores mediocres, in Nova Hollandia

extratropica passim obvia, in littore intratropico rarissime ; ramis umbellatis ; foliis

sparsis, raro verticillatis, integris, serratis vel pinnatifido-incisis, in eadem stirpe

sepe variis, glandulis cutaneis hypogynis ; amentis solitariis, terminalibus vel raro

lateralibus, cylindraceis vel interdum abbreviatis, bracteis aliquot brevibus angustis

subtensis ; florum bracteis persistentibus majoribus solitariis, minoribus geminatis

collateralibus, interioribus amenti fructiferi rachi ut plurimum incrassata et cum

Solliculorum basibus conferruminata. Endl.

Banksra Victoria ; ramis fulvo-tomentosis, foliis sparsis elongato-linearibus (6-

10-pollicaribus) pinnatipartitis utrinque tomentosis subconcoloribus supra

demum glabratis levibus sinubus acutis, lobis late ovato-triangularibus sub-

isoscelis muticis incurvato-acuminatis, supra aveniis, subtus anguste nervoso-

marginatis 6-8-nerviis albido-punctatis, capitulo terminali sessili foliis su-

perato ovato amplo, squamis infimis longe rufo-barbatis, calyce pollicari basi

glabro, stylo calycem superante arcuato glabro (v. villoso) apice incrassato,

stigmate medio leeviter incrassato supra conico-cylindraceo infra attenuato.

Banxsta Victorie. Meisn. New Austral. Prot. in Hook. Jour. Bot. 1855, v. 7.

p. 119. ;

“Banxsta speciosa. Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1728 (non Br.).

A cut specimen of this fine Banksia was sent to us by Mr.

Moore, of Glasnevin Botanical Garden, Dublin, which he raised

from Swan River seeds from Mr. Drummond. ‘There can, I

think, be no doubt of its being the same with the B. speciosa

above quoted in the Bot. Reg., but not the B. speciosa of Br.

and Hook., Bot. Mag. t. 3052; and equally certain does it ap-

pear to be the B. Victorie@ of Meisner in Hook. Journ. of Bot.,

who described his plant from Drummond’s Swan River Herba-

MARCH IlsT, 1856.

rium, Coll. VI. n. 203. He there justly observes that it is “a

noble species, very near B. speciosa, but easily distinguished by

the segments of the leaves being larger, flat, not white under-

neath, nor scrobiculate above ;” and he honours it with the name

of our gracious Queen. He does not seem to be aware of the

figure in the ‘ Botanical Register,’ which we quote.

Descr. This probably forms a good-sized shrub: the branches

terete, woolly and villous, bearing small reddish abortive leaf-

buds in the axils of the leaves. eaves about a span long, on

short, villous pefioles, in outline oblong-cuneate, singularly trun-

cate at the apex, with tufts of hair at the apex of the midrib ;

they are deeply pinnatifid, almost to the base, the lobes ovato-

triquetrous, sharply acuminate, the lower margin longer than the

upper one, the upper side even and more or less downy, dull

green: beneath the lobes have many prominent parallel nerves,

paler than the upper side, but not white, distinctly downy, mi-

nutely reticulated between the nerves: midrid beneath promi-

nent and rusty-coloured. Head of flowers large, nearly globose :

the flowers beautifully arranged in spiral lines. Bracteas cuneate,

densely clothed with rusty-coloured hair, very long at the apex.

Se silky with villous hairs, and style the same. S¢zgma subu-

ate.

Fig. 1. Flower and bract. 2. A single bract :—magnified.

ees.

Ge a

Tas. 4907.

CYMBIDIUM cuHtiorRAntuum.

Yellow-green Cymbidium.

Nat. Ord. OxncuipE#.—GyYNANDRIA MoNANDRIA.

Gen. Char, Perianthium explanatum, petalis sepalisque subsqualibus liberis.

Labelium sessile, liberum, ecalcaratum, nunc leviter connatum, indivisum vel tri-

lobum. Columna erecta, semiteres. Anthera bilocularis. Pollinia 2, sepius

postice biloba, in glandulam subtriangularem subsessilia. Lindl.

Cyrmsrpium ciloranthum ; foliis ensiformibus supra pseudobulbum breve ob-

longum equitantibus obtusis supra medium planis recurvis, racemo stricto

foliis breviore, bracteis minutissimis, sepalis petalisque obtusis, labello basi

pubescenti apice retuso emarginato laciniis lateralibus nanis triangularibus,

lamellis distantibus arcuatis verrucosis. Lindl.

CymBrprum chloranthum. Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, Mise. p. 102.

A very pretty species, of a genus mostly of Indian origin, in-

troduced twelve or fourteen years ago from Nepal by the Messrs.

Loddiges. Its blossoming season with us is May. The flowers

are numerous on the raceme, of a pale, greenish colour, the column

and lip are more yellow and paler than the perianth, and the whole

centre is marked with blood-red spots.

Drscr. Leaves springing from a swollen base or imperfect

pseudo-bulb ; their bases, jointed at about three inches from the

bottom, are distichous and sheathing, in other words equitant ;

the blade of the leaf ensiform or loriform, recurved, narrowing

below; the apex rather obtuse, the surface striated. Scape from

the centre of the foliage, terete, shorter than the majority of the

leaves, bearing a long, many-flowered raceme. Ovary narrow,

clavate, tapering below into-a pedicel. Pefals and sepals, nearly

uniform, spreading, oblong,* obtuse, of a uniform yellow-green

colour, spotted with blood-colour at the base. Zip broader than

the sepals, yellowish-white, broad-oblong, obtuse, three-lobed,

spotted with blood-red, especially near the base ; lateral lobes

small and incurved; the middle lobe oval, scarcely retuse: on

APRIL Ist, 1856.

the disc, in the lower half, are two longitudinal, elevated, cre-

nated, rather tuberculated crests. Column shorter than the lip,

semiterete, yellow, sprinkled with small blood-coloured dots.

Anther-case terminal, hemispherical. Pollen of two broadly

ovate, cleft masses, sessile upon a small membranous gland.

Fig. 1. Lip. 2. Column. 3, 4. Anterior and posterior view of the pollen-

masses :—magnified.

4908. |

———-

—

Dey |}

NL,

‘

Fitch delet lith .

Tas. 4908.

TUPIDANTHUS catyprratus.

Calyptrate Tupidanthus.

Nat. Ord. ARALIACER.—POLYANDRIA MoNoGyYNIA.

Gen. Char. Tupidanthus, Hook. fil. et Thoms. Calycis tubus late clavatus v.

hemisphzricus, cum pedicello continuus (non articulatus), apice late explanatus,

truncatus ; limbus cum petalis in calyptram coriaceam depressam deciduam arcte

concretus. Stamina plurima, patentia, ore calycis inserta ; filamentis crasse subu-

latis; antheris oblongis. Discus epigynus latissimus, obscure 4—8-lobus, centro

depressus et rima stigmatifera 4-cruri v. 3-cruri insculptus. Ovarium moultilocu-

lare, loculis angustissimis radiantibus rimeeformibus ; ovulis solitariis, pendulis ;

stylo nullo. Bacca coriacea, multilocularis, polysperma.—Arbor alte scandens,

parce ramosa, trunco ramisque subfuniformibus ; foliis longe petiolatis, digitatim

sub-8-foliolatis ; foliolis petiolulatis, oblongo- v. obovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis, in-

legerrimis, glaberrimis ; umbellis lateralibus compositis ; pedunculis pedicellisque

crassissimis, articulatis ; floribus viridibus ; staminibus pallide stramineis.

Turtpantaus calyptratus. Hook. fil. et Thoms. MSS.

This is perhaps the most remarkable plant of the Natural Or-

der to which it belongs. It was discovered by Drs. Hooker and

Thomson in the humid tropical forests at the base of the Khasia

mountains in eastern Bengal; but the plant in Kew, from which

the accompanying drawing is taken, had been received from the

Belgian Gardens, and was considered to be derived from Java.

In its native forests it forms a gigantic climber, with a trunk

_ which, though as thick as the human thigh at the base, is slen-

der in proportion to the great dimensions which the plant attains.

It ramifies very sparingly, and the flowers and leaves appear

only towards the ends of the branches. In the stove at Kew

it flowered while still erect, and about ten feet high. The flowers,

when the calyptra remains attached, resemble mallets, whence

the generic name. The coalescence of the calyx-lobes and corolla

into an arched coriaceous calyptra, all of which had unfortunately

fallen when our drawing was made, together with the numerous

stamens, the total absence of styles, and very numerous cells of

the ovary, are perhaps unique characters in the Order. The

APRIL Ist, 1856.

flowers are sometimes irregular, as if composed of two or three

grown together.

Dzscr. A scandent free. Leaves or petioles a foot long, with

a short stipular sheath at the base. eafle/s seven to nine, radi-

ating from the apex of the petiole, petiolulate, six to ten inches

long, obovate or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, quite entire and

glabrous. Flowers in irregularly branched compound wméels ;

partial umbel of about eight rays, the pedicels as well as the pe-

duncles or branches of the umbel are excessively stout and jointed

to one another, but the flowers are not jointed on the pedicels. —

Flowers three-quarters to one and a quarter inch across, present-

ing, after the falling away of the calyptra, a broad, flat, obscurely

lobed disc, depressed in the centre, and then marked with a lon-

gitudinal line, which is usually forked at both ends : the stigmatic —

surface follows this line and its branches ; sometimes the line —

consists of three rays. On a transverse section of the ovary in-—

numerable slits are seen, radiating from a pulpy green placental —

mass, of the same form as that of the stigmatic surfaces. Each —

of these slits represents a cell, with one pendulous compressed a

ovule. Hook. fil. :

Fig. 1. Stamen. 2. Transverse section of ovary :—doth magnified.

Tas. 4909.

CATTLEYA pico.tor.

Two-coloured Cattleya.

* Nat. Ord. OxrcHipE#.—GyYNaNDRIA MOoNANDRIA.

Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4700.)

CattLeya bicolor ; foliis oblongo-lyratis caule tereti elato triplo brevioribus, se-

palis lanceolatis falcatis acutis, petalis parum latioribus subundulatis obtu-

sis, labello indiviso plano apice dilatato rotundato crenato convexo. Lindl.

Carrteya bicolor. Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub fol. 1919. Lindl. Sertum Orchid.

Plate V. f.1. Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. p. 80.

“EPIDENDRE iridée. Descourtilz’s Drawing, pl. 49. p. 105.”

The entire absence of the lateral lobes of the lip (which usu-

ally enfold the column in this genus) gives this species a most

remarkable appearance, and may after all possibly be indicative

of one of those freaks of nature which are so common in the

flowers of this natural family. The column is here quite ex-

posed, presenting an unnatural appearance in the flower. The

Sepals and petals are of a peculiar lurid colour ; but this circum-

stance is in some degree compensated for by the delicate pink of

the large fleshy column, and the deep rose-purple of the exposed

upper side of the lip, with its white delicate fringe at the broad

apex. ‘The plant is a native of Brazil, and for a long time was

only known in Europe by the drawing made on the spot by

M. Descourtilz, published by Dr. Lindley. In 1838 it was an-

nounced as having been imported by Messrs. Loddiges. Our

Specimen was sent us in October, 1854, from the collection of

the late Mr. Cox. M. Descourtilz is stated to have found it in

the neighbourhood of Bom Jesus de Bananal.

Desor. Stems (or pseudo-bulbs) unusually Jong and slender for

this genus, a foot or more in length, clustered, swollen and root-

ing at the base, jointed and deeply striated, more or less clothed

with sheathing, deciduous, pale-brown membranaceous scales ;

bearing two, spreading, oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, coriaceous

APRIL Ist, 1856. _

970

Vincent Broaks Imp

Kitch del.et lth

Tas. 4910.

PENTAPTERYGIUM rFruavum.

Yellow Pentapterygium.

Nat. Ord. VaccInracEZ.—DEcANDRIA Monoecynia.

Gen. Char. Calycis tubus 5-alatus; limbus 5-partitus, lobis ovatis. Corolla

tubulosa, pentagona, 5-loba; lobis brevibus recurvis. Stamina 10, distincta;

anthere mutice y. dorso brevissime biaristate ; loculis in tubulos 2 coalitos apice

liberos productis, ad apices antice dehiscentibus. Stigma truncatum. Bacca sub-

globosa, coriaceo-carnosa, 5-alata, 5-locularis, limbo calycis coronata. Semina

numerosissima, obovata.—Frutices Indici, sepissime epiphytici, glaberrimi v. glan-

duloso-pilosi ; foliis coriaceis, ovatis, breve petiolatis, persistentibus ; floribus azil-

laribus, solitariis racemosisve, plerumque speciosis—Pentapterygium, Klotzsch in

Linnea, v, 24. p. 47.

PENTAPTERYGIUM flavum ; ramis robustis foliisque glaberrimis, foliis coriaceis

undique patentibus brevissime petiolatis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis sub-

serratis superne rugoso-venosis subtus pallidioribus, floribus in racemos folio

brevioribus aggregatis nutantibus, pedicellis calycibusque puberulis, calycis

lobis triangulari-ovatis corolla flava subventricosa dimidio brevioribus.

Turpaupta flava. Nuttall, MS.

The beautiful plant here figured is a native of North-eastern

India, in the Duphla hills, on trees, at an elevation of 4-5000

feet above the sea-level, growing along with Rhododendron Nut-

talliz, and was raised from seeds which Mr. Booth had collected

by our valued friend and correspondent Mr. Nuttall, at his place

of Nutgrove, Rainhill. Though not a showy, it is a remarkably

elegant and ornamental plant, from the deep green glossiness of

the wrinkled leaves and the nodding racemes of yellow flowers,

whose pedicels are red; and the same colour runs down the

wings of the calyx-tube and edges its lobes. The yellow colour

is a very unusual one in the Order to which it belongs, the only

hitherto described species of the genus, V. serpens (Wight, Ic.

Plant. Ind. Or. iv. t. 1183, and Hook. fil. Ill. Him. PL. t. xv. B)

having deep red corollas. The genus Pentapterygium is one of

those into which the old Vaccinium has recently been broken by

Klotzsch, and of the validity of all which genera we have many

APRIL Ist, 1856.

doubts: the present, however, is a very natural group of species,

including, besides P. flavum and P. serpens, the Vaccinium rugo-

sum of Drs. Hooker and Thomson’s distributed Indian collec-

tions, which is a native of the Sikkim Himalaya and Khasia

mountains, and distinguished from P. favum by the lanceolate

leaves, longer and more slender pedicels, broader foliaceous blunt

calyx-lobes, and deep red corolla. The present species is erect

when cultivated ; but, like many others of the Order, it probably

prefers to grow epiphytically in shady forests.

Descr. A shruéd, with glabrous, stout, woody branches. Leaves

two to three inches long, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, serrate, very

shortly petioled, coriaceous, rugose above with reticulated veins,

paler below. lowers in short axillary racemes, ‘pendulous or

nodding. Peduacle short ; pedicels slender, red, minutely pubes- -

cent. Flowers an inch long. Calyzx-tube short, hemispherical,

five-winged ; limb five-lobed ; lobes triangular-ovate, acute, mar-

gined with red. Corolla tubular, inflated, with five-angled and

thick ribs, puberulous; lobes five, small, recurved. Stamens

free ; filaments short, pubescent. Anther-cells oblong, produced

into very long slender connate tubes, which are free at the apex,

and open in front by long slits: two minute sywrs project back-

wards from the tip of the anther-cells. Disc depressed, ten-lobed.

Style erect, slender, slightly enlarged towards the apex, truncate ;

stigma of five minute glandular points, placed within the truncated

apex of the style. Fruit probably somewhat fleshy, as in P. rugo-

sum, Hook. fil.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. The same, with corolla and lobes of calyx removed. 3.

Stamens. 4. Disc :—all magnified.

4911,

Fitch delet. i

Vincent Brooks imp.

Tas. 4911.

ASPLENIUM Henmnonirtis.

Hemionitis-like Spleenwort.

Nat. Ord. Finices.—CryrroGaMia FILIcEs.

Gen. Char. Sori lineares, elongati, dorso vene simplicis aut venule superioris

furcaturee, primarie, aut omnibus venulis insidentes. Jndusium lineare, elonga-

tum, planum.—Rhizoma subglobosum. Frondes fasciculate, coriacee aut herbacee,

simplices, lobate pinnatimque divise. Ven pinnate, crebre, interne aut parum

subtus prominule, simplices aut uni-bifurcate, venulisque parallel, aut apice libero

punctiformi acutove terminate, aut arcu transverso conjuncte. Presl.

ASPLENIUM Hemionitis ; ceespitosum, stipite semiterete facie superiore sulcato

basi setoso-paleaceo, fronde circumscriptione cordata hastato-5-loba, lobo

medio elongato acuminato, venulis omnibus soriferis apice intra marginem

clavatis, soris elongatis.

AsPLENIUM Hemionitis. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1587. Brot. Fl. [us. v. 2. p. 398.

Sm. Tent. Fil. Gen. p. 9. (not of Swartz and Cavanilles.)

ASPLENIUM palmatum. Lam. Encycl. v. 2. p. 302. Sw. Syn. Fil. p. 75. (excl.

Syn. Lam. Ill. t. 867. f. 2.) Wiild. Sp. Pl. v. 5. p. 306. Schkuhr, Fil.

p. 62. ¢.66. Webb, Plant. Canar. v. 2. p. 438. (excl. Syn. Lam. Ill.)

FeE.1x Hemionitis dicta, Maderensis, Hedere arborez aliquatenus emula. Pluk.

Alm. p.155. Phyt. ¢. 287. f. 4.

We are glad to embrace an opportunity of figurimg this hand-

some Fern, partly on account of its beauty, and partly because

it gives us the means of correcting some synonyms. It inhabits

shady places in woody regions of North-western Africa, as far

south as St. Nicholas, in the Cape de Verdes, the Azores, the

Canaries, Madeira, and Spain and Portugal: in short, the

south-western parts of Europe and north-western of Africa, in-

cluding the adjacent islands. The plant requires a cool green-

house for its cultivation.: ;

It has no doubt been confounded with the Scolopendrium He-

mionitis, Sw. (Schkuhr, Fil. t. 84), to which probably Linnzeus’s

locality of “Italy” belongs (taken, it would appear, from Clu-

sius); for our plant does not appear to be a native of Italy at

all. Swartz and Willdenow indeed refer the Linnean Asplenium

APRIL Ist, 1856,

Hemionitis without any doubt to the Scolopendrium ; but Smith

corrects this error under that genus in Rees’s Cyclopedia: “ As-

plenium Hemionitis of Swartz, Cavanilles, and others, has no-

thing of the character of the genus, except when two lines, ori-

ginating in different lobes or rudiments of lobes, rarely and acci-

dentally meet in opposition to each other ;” and, in his excellent

*Tentamen Bot. de Filicum generibus dorsiferarum’ (p. 9), Asple-

nium Hemionitis is given the example of the true genus Asplenium.

We therefore feel ourselves quite justified in restoring the Lin-

nean name.

Mr. Kippist has been so good as to examine carefully the spe-

cimens of Asplenium Hemionitis and of Scolopendrium Hemionitis

in the Linnean and Smithian Herbaria, at the apartments of the

Linnean Society, and to communicate the following information,

which is of more value than a bare description, especially as the

figure represents all the essential characters.

“There can be no doubt that Sir J. E. Smith is perfectly

right in referring the Asplenium Hemionitis, L., to that genus

instead of to Scolopendrium, as is done by Swartz, Willdenow,

etc. The type specimen in the Linnzan Herbarium, which is

in good fruit, named and numbered (‘ 2,’ to agree with the first

edition of the Species Plant.) in Linnzeus’s own hand, is clearly

an Asplenium, with long, slender, closely-placed lines of fructifi-

cation, extending nearly to the midrib and indusia, bursting to-

wards the apex of the leaf, or of the lobe on which they are

placed. The fronds are truly palmate, scarcely longer than broad

(five-lobed, with the two posterior lobes more or less rounded),

and usually shorter than their slender glabrous petioles. This

is the Asplenium palmatum of Lamarck, Willdenow, etc., and is

also the plant figured under that name by Schkuhr (tab. 66), as

well as by Tournefort (Instit. tab. 322 B.). On a ticket fastened

to the sheet is the following memorandum, in a hand with which

I am unacquainted, probably that of the correspondent from

whom Linnzus received the specimen: ‘ Asplenium frondibus

hastato-5-angularibus basi cordatis, stipitibus glabris. In monte

alto, quo situm est castellum vetustum, prope Cintra Lusitanis.’

“ Of this plant, there are specimens more or less lobed in the

Herbarium of Sir J. E. Smith; (1.) from the younger Linneeus’s

Herbarium, without habitat ; (2.) two fronds, one of them ex-

actly cordate in outline, though the tendency to produce lobes is

shown by the arrangement of the sori near the base of the frond,

in double rows, with indusia opening towards the two lateral

nerves, instead of towards the apex of the frond; (3.) a young

plant and two detached fronds, marked ‘ Broussonet, 1798, Al-

giers?’ ‘They are all glued upon one sheet, on which is written,

in Smith’s hand, ‘4. Hemionitis ?’

“Of the Scolopendrium Hemionitis of Willdenow, and (ex-

cluding the Linnean synonym) apparently also of Swartz, the

plant figured in Lamarck’s Encyclop. t. 867, f. 2, by ‘Tournefort

(Instit. tab. 322 4.), and by Schkuhr (t. 84), the Linnean Her-

barium likewise contains specimens. These, which are readily

distinguishable from the true Asplenium Hemionitis, L., by the

contour of the frond, much longer in proportion both to its own

breadth (across the basal lobes) and to the length of the stipes,

Linneeus appears to have confounded with the common Scolo-

pendrium, his Asplenium Scolopendrium, of which he had, 1st, the

normal form, on a separate sheet, named ‘ Scolopendria’ (taking,

according to his usual practice in the Herbarium, the generic

name for granted), in his own hand, and with the number (3)

of the Spec. Pl. prefixed ; 2ndly, on another sheet, the dicho-

tomous variety, figured by Schkuhr (tab. 83 b.), unnamed; and

3rdly, the Se. Hemionitis, without habitat or number, but with

the name ‘ Scolopendria’ written in ink by himself, and with the

addition ‘nova species?’ in pencil, by Smith. Of this plant, I

find, in the Smithian Herbarium, 1st, one small and unsatisfac-

tory frond, scarcely distinguishable from Sc. vulyare, marked

‘Rome, H. L. fil.;’ 2nd, one young plant and two detached

fronds in good fructification, marked ‘ South of Europe, Brous-

sonet’. One of these has well-developed lobes at the base, and

agrees perfectly with Schkuhr’s figure. They are all on one

sheet, inscribed by Sir James, ‘ Scolopendrium Hemionitis, Sw.

Syn. Fil. 90." The only specimens of this species in: the Her-

barium of the British Museum are stated to have been gathered

on the walls of the Pantheon, at Rome, by Mr. Yalden.

“(Clusius gives ‘Roma ex veteris cujusdam theatri ruinis’ as

the habitat of his Hemionctis vera, correctly referred by Swartz

to his Scolopendrium Hemionitis. Ue does not quote as a sy-

nonym the SHemionitis peregrina of the same author, which he

surely might have done with perfect safety, especially as he cites

Petiver’s figure, 126, fig. 5, which is manifestly copied from the

woodcut of Clusius.”

Fig. 1. Portion of a fertile frond, showing the venation and the sori. 2. Cap-

sule, 3, Spores :—magnified.

4442

‘Pp:

Vincent Brooks

Tas. 4912.

CORREA carpINALIs.

Scarlet-flowered Correa.

Nat. Ord. Drosme#.—Octanpria Monoeynta.

_ Ger. Char. Calye 4-dentatus, persistens. Petala 4, basi subconniventia aut

in tubum longe coalita. Stamina 8, sub disco hypogyno 8-glanduloso inserta.-

Ovarium 8-sulcatum. Stylus 1, persistens. Capsula 4-cocca, loculis truncatis

compressis. Semina in loculis 2-83 nitida intus adfixa, cotyledonibus ovalibus

extus convexis.—Frutices ; foliis oppositis, integris, pube sguamosa, Hippophaes

more, obtectis ; pedicellis unifloris. De Cand.

Corre cardinalis ; ramis gracilibus, ramulis foliisque utrinque pube fasciculata

pallide ferruginea instructis, foliis remotis subuncialibus brevi-petiolatis

patentibus v. reflexis elliptico-lanceolatis obtusiusculis integerrimis margine

recurvis supra viridibus opacis subtus pallidis nervis obsoletis, pedicellis

elongatis gracillimis folio longioribus unifloris apice bibracteatis, bracteis

folio conformibus sed duplo minoribus, floribus nutantibus, calyce hemi-

spherico truncato obsoleto 4-dentato rufescente-tomentoso, corolla pubes-

centi-tomentosz tubo subclavato (coccineo), limbo 5-fido luteo lobis erectis

acutis, staminibus 8 sublonge exsertis.

Correa cardinalis. Muell. in Herb. nostr. cum MS.

Raised from Australian seeds by Messrs. Veitch, of the Nur-

series of Exeter and Chelsea, where the plant forms a handsome

bush two to three feet high, with graceful, slender branches,

leaves full dark green above, pale and whitish beneath, all the

younger branches bearing drooping flowers an inch and an inch

and a quarter long, of a rich scarlet colour, the segments or lobes

of the limb only yellow. ‘The filaments of the stamens again are

exserted more than a quarter of an inch beyond the erect limb.

We hardly know a more desirable greenhouse plant, flowering as

it does in the beginning of March. Our Herbarium shows the

plant to be identical with the Correa cardinalis of Dr. Ferdinand

Mueller (now on the Exploring Expedition in North-west Aus-

tralia), and which he discovered “about the Latrobe River, in

_ Sandy, bushy places of the hills, and in the sterile plain of Port

Albert, Gipps’ Land, Colony of Victoria, South Australia.” It is

quite distinct from any hitherto published species.

APRIL Ist, 1856.

Dzscr. A shrub two to three feet high, with slender, twiggy,

opposite, brown, terete branches; the young ones clothed with

minute, tufted, stellated, ferruginous hairs. Leaves opposite, on

short, slender petioles, about an inch long, subcoriaceous, ellipti-

cal-lanceolate, scarcely acute, the margin recurved and entire,

clothed with minute, stellated hairs, above dark green, very pale —

and whitish, nerves obsolete. Peduncles axillary, long, slender,

single-flowered, much longer than the leaves, bearing a single,

large, drooping flower of a rich scarlet and yellow colour, with a

pair of leaf-like bracteas just beneath the calyx. Calye hemi-

spherical or cup-shaped, ferruginously downy, truncate, with four

minute almost obsolete teeth. Corol/a more than an inch long,

tubular, but approaching to clavate, rather narrow, downy ; Limd

rather small, of four erect teeth. Stamens protruded a quarter of

an inch beyond the limb, unequal ; fi/aments glabrous, the shorter

ones more dilated at the base than the larger ones. Ovary deeply

four-lobed, villous: s¢y/e as long as the stamens, with spreading

distant hairs in the lower portion.

Fig. 1, Stamens. 2. Pistil :—magnijied.

Vincent Brooks Imp.

Fitch del. et lith .

Tass. 4913, 4914.

PHYTELEPHAS macrocarpa.

Large-fruited Ivory-Plant,

Nat. Ord. PHyTELEPHANTHEX.—Di@cIaA POLYANDRIA.

Gen. Char. emend. Flores polygami-dioici, masculi et foeminei, cum staminibus,

quorum anthere steriles, indistinctis spadicibus, spathis inclusis. MascuLi:—

Spadix specie simplex, cylindricus, pedunculo squamis nonnullis instructo, rachi

floribus densissime obtecto. Flores in prominentiis racheos brevibus (ramis de-

curtatis ?) arcte-glomerati, bractea et calyce minimis seepe delitescentibus. Bractea

ovata, concava. Sepala tria: duo literalia majora, bractee similia, tertium pos-

ticum illis tectum. Stamina numerosa (36), e thoro. Filamenta filiformia. An-

there lineares, erectee, fere basifixee, biloculares, connectivo mucronulatee. Pollen

ellipticum, longitudinaliter sulcatum. Fam1net :—Spadi« simplex, squamis con-

pluribus spiratim dispositis obsessus, vertice flores nonnullos gerens, inter squamas

absconditos, qui constant pistillo et staminibus numerosis illud cingentibus, an-

theris sterilibus. Ovarium subglobosum, loculis 6-9. Stylus terminalis, erectus,

apice tripartitus, cruribus subulatis, unico simplici rariusve bifido, binis bifidis,

divisionibus intus stigmatosis. Ovuda solitaria, sessilia, erecta, integumento

duplici. Drupe (6-7) in capitulum maximum ponderosum aggregate, depresso-

globose, deorsum cuneato-augulate, subpentagone, muricato-tuberculate et

mature crasso-corticate, tuberculis sursum majoribus, longitudinaliter fibrosis

et ex parte supra verticem fructus convergentibus, 6-9-loculares. Semna in

loculis solitaria, e fructus angulis centralibus oblique adscendentia, hilo magno

convexo cicatricoso, oblongo-obovata, introrsum bifacialia. Testa crassa, ossea,

levigata; membrana interna vasis ramosis percursa. A/dumen osseum, solidum.

Embryo periphericus, juxta hilum subbasilaris. Germinatio per chordam elongatam

remotiva.—Planta palmeformis ; candice mediocri, crasso, erecto vel decumbente.

Folia omnia terminalia, magna, pinnatisecta, segmentis reduplicatis, multinervis et

venis transversis conspicuis ; floribus odoratissimis. Seem. Bot. Herald, p. 205.

PHYTELEPHAS macrocarpa. Ruiz et Pavon, Syst. Veg. Fl. Peruo. et Chil. p. 301.

Humb. et Kunth, Nov. Gen. v.1. p. 83. Kunth, Enum. v. 3. p. 109. Mart.

Palm. 0.3. p. 306. Hook. Journ. of Bot. and Kew Misc. v. 1. p. 204. Seem.

Bot. Herald, pp. 208, t. 45, 46, 47. Hjusd. Bonpl. vol. 3. p. 270. ¢. 1 et 2.

ELEPHANTUSIA macrocarpa. Willd. Spec. v. 4. p. 1156.

Those who deplore that the great geological convulsions de-

prived the New World of its ivory-bearing animals, and only

suffered their remains to be preserved in the deposits ascribed to

the drift period of our times, may derive some consolation from

the fact that there still exists in the virgin forests of tropical

MAY Ist, 1856.

America an ivory-bearing plant—the Phytelephas macrocarpa,

Ruiz et Pav., producing a substance so exactly resembling to the

eye the ivory obtained from elephants as to be frequently passed

off for such, and even employed by mechanics, as far as its size

will allow, in place of that article. When the Vegetable Ivory

first came to be imported into Europe for commercial purposes

has not yet been accurately ascertained; but there is reason to

believe that it was shortly after the Spanish Colonies—its native

country—obtained their mdependence (about the year 1826).

Be that as it may, the vegetable ivory is now imported, chiefly

from the river Magdalena, into Europe and the United States of

America; but we are still uncertain to what amount, as we have

no statistical information on that point; judging however from

the use that is made of the article, the amount must be consider-

able. I know, from the inquiries instituted by Ferd. Scheer,

Esq., that in some years no less than a hundred and fifty tons of

it were imported into England ; and that the “nuts ” are shipped

from the places where they grow in large quantities is evident

from Purdie mentioning, in one of his letters to Sir W. J. Hooker

(Botanical Magazine for 1847, comp. p. 14) :—“ A few days ago

(about the middle of February, 1845) thirty tons of the ‘nuts’

arrived from the Magdalena (at Santamarta), commissioned for

(the United States of) America and Germany.” The “nuts”

may be purchased in the toyshops of the British metropolis for

a few pence each, but when bought in large quantities they are

obtainable at a very much cheaper rate; in August, 1854, one

thousand “nuts” were sold in London for seven shillings and

sixpence. :

Long before the attention of commercial men was directed to —

the vegetable ivory, the existence of the plant producing it was

known to botanists. It was during the latter part of the last

century that two Spaniards, Ruiz and Pavon, gave, in their

‘Systema Vegetabilium Flore Peruvians et Chilensis,’ published

at Madrid in 1798, a scientific name (Phytelephas macrocarpa,

R. et P.) to it, together with a brief description and a notice of

its Peruvian names, and its properties and uses. The generic

name (from ¢vrov, a plant, and ededas, an elephant) was certainly

well chosen, and has ever since been retained in systematical

works in preference to that proposed by Willdenow (Hephantusia

macrocarpa); unfortunately the diagnosis attached to it was very

imperfect, the reason why the plant has to this day remained

without a fixed station in the Natural System. A short time

after the publication alluded to, Humboldt and Bonpland disco-

vered the Phytelephas macrocarpa in New Granada, and collected

some information concerning it, which however, useful as it

proved in many respects, did not throw much hight upon it in a

systematic pomt of view. Nor did Gaudichaud’s labours tend

much to advance our knowledge in that direction.’ That botanist

did not see the plant growing wild, and his three plates of it,

published in the ‘ Partie Botanique, Voyage de Ja Bonite,’ unac-

companied as they are by any explanatory description, are almost

unintelligible, and moreover they show that he held extravagant

notions respecting the species of which the genus is composed ;

he fancying that it was a congregate of no less than ten, all of

which he seems to have thought sufficiently characterized by the

shape of the seeds—a most variable organ in this instance. In

1845 and 1846 Purdie, acting upon instructions from the Royal

Botanic Gardens at Kew, did a great deal towards clearing the

mist in which the Ivory plant had been so long enveloped. In

1848, Martius, in his famous work on Palms, gave, partly from

Gaudichaud’s figures, partly from imperfect specimens in his

possession, a generic character of Phytelephas (Mart., Hist. Nat.

Palmarum, vol. iii. p. 306), which greatly tended to place the or-

ganization of this remarkable plant in a clearer light. Morren

(Dodonzea, vol. iii. part ii. p. 74) also wrote some valuable remarks

on the seeds of it. In 1849, Sir W. J. Hooker contributed his

share towards the perfection of our knowledge (Hooker’s Journal

of Botany and Kew Gard. Mise. vol. i. p. 204) by reproducing not

only the pith of nearly all that had been written upon the sub-

} ject, but also added some valuable observations of his own, as

well as a detailed description of the fruit and seed ; and he illus-

trated his paper with two plates, the one representing a view of

a grove of Ivory-plants on the banks of the Magdalena (from a

sketch of Edward Mark, Esq.); the other, the fruit, seed, and

several toys made from the albumen. In December, 1847, whilst

ascending the river Cupica, I had the good fortune to fall in with

the Ivory-plant, and afterwards met with it in various other parts

of Darien. A selection from the notes taken on those occasions

was subsequently published (Hooker’s Journal of Botany and

Kew Gard. Misc. vol. iii. p. 303, and ‘ Narrative of the Voyage

_ of H.M.S. Herald,’ vol. i. p. 222). It contained a general de-

scription of the plant, and dwelt upon the close relationship of

Phytelephas with Pandanee. Since then there has not been, so

far as I know, any additional information given to the world;

and it only remains for me to draw up an account of this re-

markable production, as perfect as the various materials, pub-

lished and unpublished, at my disposal will permit.

The Ivory plant is confined to the continent of South America, —

where it grows between the 9th degree of north and the 8th of

south latitude, and the 70th and 79th of west longitude. It in-

habits damp localities, such as confined valleys, banks of rivers

and rivulets, and is found not only on the lower coast region, as

in Darien, but also on mountains at an elevation of more than

3000 feet above the sea, as in Ocafia. Amongst the Spaniards

and their descendants it is known by the name of “ Palma de

marfil” (Ivory Palm), whilst its fruit is called by them “Cabeza

de Negro” (Negro’s head), and its seed “ Marfil vegetal ” (vege-

table ivory). ‘The Indians on the banks of the Magdalena term

the plant “Tagua,” those on the coast of Darien “ Anta,” and

those of Peru “ Pullipunta” and “Homero.” It is generally

found in separate groves, seldom intermixed with other trees or —

shrubs, and where even herbs are rarely met with, the ground ap-

pearing as if it had been swept. The trunk is always pulled —

down, partly by its own weight, partly by its aerial roots; and —

thus forms a creeping caudex, which is frequently twenty feet

long, but is seldom higher than six feet. The top is crowned with —

from twelve to twenty pinnatisect leaves, the entire length of —

which is from eighteen to twenty feet. The segments are towards —

the base of the leaf alternate, towards the apex opposite; they

_ are three feet long, two inches broad, and their entire number

amounts generally to 160. All the plants which I saw were

dicecious, the males always being more robust, and their trunks

more erect and higher, than the females. The inflorescence of both

emits a most penetrating almond-like smell. The infloresence

of the male plant is a simple, fleshy, cylindrical spadix, which has

three or four spathes, the flowers of which are densely crowded

together, and sessile. They are generally furnished with a small

bract, and a calyx consisting of three sepals. The stamens are

numerous (thirty-six), the filaments filiform, the anthers linear,

erect, affixed nearly at the base, and bilocular ; the connective is

mucronulate, and the pollen elliptical and furrowed lengthways.

The inflorescence of the female plant has three or four spathes,

and consists of a simple spadix, bearing on an average from six

to seven flowers, which form a dense cluster, and are surrounded

by bracts, placed in a spiral direction, the uppermost five of

which, being often much longer than the style, but generally

shorter, and pure white, have the appearance of petals; the sta-

mens are numerous, free, sterile, inserted in the torus between

the petaloid bracts and the ovary. ‘The ovary is from six- to

nine-celled, each cell containing a solitary, sessile, erect ovule,

attached to an axile placenta. The style is elongated, splitting

into six, seven, eight, or nine branches, stigmatose on the edges.

The fruit, a collection of from six to seven drupes, forms clusters,

which are as large as a man’s head, and stands at first erect, but

when approaching maturity—its weight increasing, and the leaf-

stalk, which, having up to that period supported the bulky mass,

having rotted away—it hangs down. A plant bears at one time

from six to eight of these heads, each weighing, when ripe, about

twenty-five pounds. The drupes are covered outside with hard

woody protuberances, formed in the same manner as those of the

trunk of Zestudinaria elephanthipes. Hach drupe contains from

six to nine seeds, but generally seven. The testa is thick, bony ;

the embryo peripherical, and placed near the hilum.

In habit, the Phytelephas macrocarpa resembles the Corozo

colorado (Hlaeis melanococca, Gertn.); so much so indeed, that

at first sight the two are easily mistaken for each other. Both

have trunks which, after creeping along the ground a few yards,

ascend, and attain about an equal height. Their leaves also re-

semble each other; and their fruit grows in a similar way, at-

tached to comparatively short peduncles. The habit, however, is

nearly the only link which connects Phytelephas with the order

of Palms: its simple spadix, its imperfect flower, its indefinite

number of stamens, and its embryo situated in the axis of a

fleshy albumen, separate it from Palms, and proclaim it (in con-

Junction with other characters which it presents) a member of

Endlicher’s class Spadicifore and Lindley’s Alliance Arales. Bo-

tanists enumerate four Orders as belonging to that great division

(Pistiacee, Pandanee, Typhaceea, and Aroidee), To Pistiacee

and Pandanee it cannot belong, because it has an axile placenta-

tion. Amongst Zyphacee it cannot be placed, because it has a

multiovular ovary. With Aroidee it cannot be associated, be-

cause it has a drupaceous fruit. Repelled by these and other

considerations from placing it with any of the Natural Orders

above mentioned, and finding it impossible to trace out any rela-

tionship of it with any other group than the Spadicifore, we are

compelled to adopt the views of Martius, who looks upon it as

the type of a new Natural Order (Phytelephanthea).

The uses of the Ivory-plant may, as far as they are known, be

summed up in a few words. The Indians cover their cottages

with the leaves of it, but only when those of Palms are not pro-

curable, as the latter last much longer than the former. The seed

at first contains a clear insipid fluid, with which travellers allay

their thirst; afterwards this same liquor becomes milky and

sweet, and it changes its taste by degrees as it acquires solidity,

until at last it is almost as hard as ivory. ‘The liquor contained

in the young fruits turns acid if they are cut from the tree and

kept some time. From the kernels (albumen) the American In-

dians as well as European turners fashion the knobs of walking-

sticks, the reels of spindles, and little toys, which are whiter than

animal ivory, and equally hard, if they are not put under water; and

if they are, they become white and hard when dried again. Bears,

hogs, and turkeys devour the young fruit with avidity. Purdie

says :—‘ Enclosing the seeds is a yellow, sweet, oily pulp, which

is collected at the proper season (October), and sold under the

name of Pipa de Tagua, for one real a pound at Ocafia ; a spoon-

ful of it, with a little sugar and water, makes the celebrated

Chicha de Tagua, said to be the most delicious beverage of New

Granada.” ‘This statement is difficult to reconcile with the in-

ternal organization of the fruit, and requires some emendations.

Purdie wrote the letter in which it is contained in July, 1845,

after he first saw the Ivory-plant, when he could not know, from

personal experience, what took place in October following. He

must have gathered it, therefore, from information obtained from

the native inhabitants, who, not being versed in botanical termi-

nology, might easily have made a mistake. The “yellow, sweet,

oily pulp” can, in my opinion, be nothing save the second state

into which the albumen enters, previous to its becoming solid ;

and I am the more inclined to think that this opinion is correct,

as it is borne out to a certain extent by analogy, For in the

Isthmus of Panama, and other localities of New Granada, the

name of Pipa is applied to a beverage prepared from the young

albumen of cocoa-nuts, and in a similar way as that described

by Purdie. The same author proceeds :—“ It has, however, a

slightly drastic property. Although this substance contains much

oil, it never becomes rancid by keeping, but at the end of nine

months it preserves, in a crude state, all its flavour and quality.”

Introduced in our gardens by Purdie, the Ivory-plant has al-

ready produced flowers in two places,—a male specimen in 1852

at Schénbrunn ; a female in 1855, at Kew; and it is from the

latter that figs. 3-9 of Tab. 4914 are made. B. Seemann.

Tab. 4913. Male and female plant, much reduced ; the female, flower portion,

from the living plant at Kew; the rest from drawings made by Mr. Mark.

Tab. 4914. Fig. 1. Portion of a male spadix and spathe from a dried native

specimen, nat. size. 2. Stamen, magnified. 3. Section of a female spadix, .

nat. size. 4, Single flower. 5. Pistil, the ovary surrounded by numerous sterile

stamens. 6. Ovary, with most of the sterile stamens removed. 7 and 8. Vertical

and transverse section of an ovary. 9. Ovule, more or less magnified. There

are besides a seed entire and a section of a seed, nat. size.

Tas. 4915

SAXIFRAGA c1ILiaTa.

Fringed Saxifrage.

Nat. Ord. SaxrrraGeEa®.—DECANDRIA DIGYNIA.

Gen. Char. Calyx 5-sepalus, sepalis plus minus inter se et seepe cum ovario co-

alitis. Petala 5, rariter irregularia, breviter unguiculata, integra. Stamina 10,

5 sepalis, 5 petalis opposita; anthere biloculares. Capsula calyci adnata vel li-

_ bera; carpella 2, seepe usque ad stylum coalita. Semina numerosa, rugosa vel

levia, in plurimis seriebus disposita. Spermodermia ultra nucleum ovoideum

non productum.—Herbe perennes vel annua, sepissime valde polymorphe in eadem

specie. Flores sepius paniculati vel corymbosi, abortu solitarii. De Cand.

SaXiFRaAGA (§ BERGENIA) ciliata; foliis ovalibus basi apiceque obtusis sub-

coriaceis utrinque hirsutis ciliatis crenato-serratis basi amplo-vaginatis, scapo

rigido glabro, paniculo cymoso, calyce magno laxo 5-lobo lobis late ovatis

serrulatis, petalis ovatis brevi-unguiculatis, ovario libero.

SAXIFRaGA ciliata. Royle, Idlust. Fl. Himal. p. 226. t. 49. f.2. Walp. Repert.

v. 2. p. 365. Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1843, ¢. 65.

This, together with S. Higuata and the Siberian S. crassi-

folia, so well known in our gardens, are certainly amongst the

handsomest and best worth cultivating of our Saxifrages. The

two latter are figured in the earlier volumes of the Magazine

(S. crassifolia at Tab. 193,—S. ligulata at Tab. 3406). We

follow other authors in publishing this as a species distinct from

S. ligulata ; but it is very doubtful if it be really so. It inhabits

the same mountains in Northern India (Himalaya), on the Mus- —

sooree and Suen Range, etc.; but, according to Dr. Royle, at

lower elevations than the S. Zigulata. It chiefly differs in its

smaller size, more oval leaves (not attenuated at the base), which

are hairy all over. Dr. Lindley’s S. ciliata (Bot. Reg. f. 65)

seems exactly intermediate, and we venture to think the two

may be safely united as varieties of one and the same species.

Although considered hardy, yet, as its flowering season is early

in the spring, we find the protection of a frame or a cool green-

house is necessary for the full development of its blossoms.

MAY Ist, 1856,

We made the same remark on the S. /ingu/ata. ‘They have

neither of them the hardy character of the S. crassifolia.

Descr. The root-stock is large, thick, woody, horizontal,

branched. The /eaves spring from the apex of the branches

and from amongst acuminated brown scales, and are patent,

spreading, nearly horizontally, on the ground, elliptical, or rarely

approaching to obovate, fleshy and somewhat coriaceous, obtuse

at both ends, coarsely crenato-serrate, penninerved, hairy on both

sides, and strongly ciliated at the margin: pefco/es from half an

inch to an inch long, having at the base large, lax, sheathing,

membranaceous, concave, ciliated stipules. Scape arising from

the centre of the leaves and crown of the root, glabrous, red.

Flowers in a cymose panicle, large. Pedicels red. Calyz large,

lax, inferior, greenish, tinged with red, five-lobed ; /odes large,

oval. Petals large, white, ovate, on short broad claws. Stamens

ten, shorter than the petals. Ovary quite free, with two, or oc-

casionally three, erect styles. Stigmas large, capitate.

Fig. 1. Petal. 2. Pistil :—magnified.

Tas. 4916.

CATTLEYA SKINNERI: vVa7. PARVIFLORA.

Mr. Skinner's Cattleya: small-lowered var.

Nat. Ord. OrncHIDACEZ.—GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4700.)

CarrLeya Shinneri; pseudobulbis valde incrassatis oblongis basi attenuatis,

foliis binis oblongis obtusis, pedunculo plurifloro, sepalis oblongis, petalis

ovato-rotundatis, labello panduriformi obscure trilobo lobis lateralibus con-

volutis terminali lato brevi retuso disco canaliculato, columna perbrevi.

Carrueya Skinneri. Batem. Orchid. Mewic. et Guatem. t.13. Lindl. Bot. Reg.

1840. Mise. n. 83. Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4270.

Var. parviflora. Tas. Nostr. 4916.

Carrieya Skinneri; parviflora. Lindl. MS.

When Mr. Skinner last returned from Guatemala he brought

with him a small packet containing the flowers of three different

Orchids, which he found growing “from the same stock.” One

was Cattleya Skinneri, another was a dark crimson variety of

Epidendrum Skinneri, the third, which was smaller than the

first, but larger than the second, he suspected to be a hybrid

between them. A plant, apparently identical with the third, is

now figured from a specimen in the possession of J. Dillwyn

Llewellyn, Esq., of Penllegare. In its pseudobulbs and leaves

it is little different from C. Skinneri, and it has the same short

inflorescence enclosed within a bivalve spathe ; but the flowers

are different, not half the size, with an acute, not blunt, and

emarginate lip, which is whole-coloured, not pallid over all the

the lower half. The petals too are acute, not obtuse. In other

respects, that is to say, in the smooth surface of the lip and in

the column, no difference appears to exist. st

Is it probable that this is a wild hybrid, with the origin sus-

pected by Mr. Skinner? We think not. It is true that it

appears at first sight to be intermediate in the flowers, but there

MAY Ist, 1856. -

is nothing of a middle nature in the pseudobulbs, and its inflo-

rescence is exactly that of C. Skinneri, without any tendency to

assume the long-drawn form of #. Skinneri. Moreover the lip,

although acute like that organ in the last-mentioned species, is

wholly destitute of the three lamellz which belong to it. To

this may be added, that in the petals of the plant before us

there is the same tendency to become lobed which occurs in

Cattleya Skinneri. On the other hand the pollen-masses appear

to be abortive, a circumstance remarked by Mr. Fitch as well as

ourselves.

Although, for these reasons, we are unable at present to re-

cognize in this instance the presence of a natural hybrid, we

think it a plant the history of which requires further examina-

tion. This is to be especially noted, that the origin of the plant

which has now flowered, whether or not collected by Warsze-

wicz, as is supposed, has nothing in common with the specimen

discovered in 1854 or 1855 by Mr. Skinner. The two cases

appear to be wholly independent of each other. Lindley.

Fig. 1. Labellum, including the column. 2. Column. 3. Side-view of the

labellum :—magnified.

ir ;

Vincent Brooks Imp

Tas. 4917,

COFFEA BrEncuaLensis.

Bengal Coffee.

Nat. Ord. Rupraces.—PEntTANDRIA MonoqyntiA.

Gen. Char. Calycis tubus ovatus globosus turbinatusve, limbus parvus 4-5-

dentatus. Corolla tubulosa, infundibuliformis, Ziméo patente 4—5-partito, lodis

oblongis.§ ' Stamina 4-5, e summo aut medio tubo exserta aut inclusa. Stylus

apice bifidus, Jobis rarius concretis. Bacca umbilicata, nuda aut coronata, foeta,

coccis 2 membranaceo-pergamaceis 1-spermis. Semen extus convexum, intus

planum, sulco longitudinali notatum. Hméryo erectus in albumine corneo, radi-

cula tereti obtusa, cotyledonibus foliaceis—Arbores aut frutices. Folia opposita.

Stipulee interpetiolares. De Cand.

Corrga Benghalensis ; fruticosa, foliis oblongo-ovatis acuminatis glabris, stipulis

' subulatis, floribus axillaribus terminalibus sessilibus solitariis binis ternisve,

calycis pilosi bibracteati limbo 4-fido lobis brevibus trifidis laciniis _sub-

clavatis, corolla hypocrateriformi, limbi lobiso bovatis, antheris linearibus

acutis dorso affinis, stylo incluso, stigmatibus bipartitis.

Correa Benghalensis. Roxb. Fl. Indic. v. 1. p. 540. Roem. et Schult. Syst. v.

5. p. 200. De Cand. Prodr. v. 4. p. 499. Spreng. Syst. Nat. v. 1. p. 755.

Wall. Cat. n. 6244. Wight et Arn. Fl. Penins. Ind. Or. v. 1. p. 435.

A native, according to Dr. Roxburgh, of the mountains of the

north-eastern frontier of India, chiefly about Silhet, and from

thence brought many years ago to Calcutta, where it was for

some time much cultivated, under the idea of its being the real

Coffee of Arabia. “It is now neglected, being of an inferior

quality, and not productive; however, the number and beauty

of its flowers entitle it to a conspicuous place in the flower-

garden.” —Wight and Arnott, by including it in their ‘ Flora of

the Peninsula,’ make it a native of that region, but they give

no locality ; and they are disposed to consider C. Zravancoren-

sis, Herb. Madr., and C. Wightiana as mere varieties. Indeed,

though we have reason to believe ours to be the true plant of

Roxburgh (it was sent to us from the Exotic Nurseries of

MAY Ist, 1856.

Messrs. Veitch and Son, Exeter and Chelsea, who received it

from Assam, through their collector Thomas Lobb), yet the

leaves and flowers are twice as large as Roxburgh’s drawing

in the collection of the E. I. C.; and the calyx in that drawing

is represented as quite truncated and entire; and even Wight

and Arnott do not notice the very peculiar calyx-limb, each lobe.

being deeply divided into two, three, or more clavate or glan-

dular segments, as described by Roxburgh, and by Wight and

Arnott in the calyx of C. Wightiana, which latter however has

quite diminutive leaves and flowers, as compared with our plant ;

but it is not otherwise different.

Descr. A small shrub, with glabrous dichotomous dranches,

and opposite, ovate, acuminate, entire, spreading, remote, almost

sessile, submembranaceous /eaves. Stipules subulate. Flowers

solitary or in pairs at the extremity of the branches, large (in our

plant), white. Bracteas two, at the base of each flower, subu-

late. Calyx, with the tube turbinate, downy ; the limb short, of

five laciniated lobes, with their segments clavated, unequal. Co-

rolla hypocrateriform: the ¢wbe slender: the limé of five, obo-

vate, spreading lobes. Anthers linear, sessile, attached by the

back, a little below the acuminated apex, to the mouth of the

corolla, the points only visible above the tube. Ovary fleshy,

two-celled ; sty/e included. Stigma large, bipartite.

Fig. 1, 2. Sessile stamens. 3. Calyx and pistil. 4. Ovary cut through

transversely :—magnijfied.

\ AY th sa

= ANAS i:

RWS

Vincent Brooks Imp:

ici Eh cea

TAB Zou:

ARISTOLOCHIA Tuwazrresit.

Mr. Thwaites’s Aristolochia.

Nat. Ord. ARISTOLOCHIACER.—GYNANDRIA H2EXANDRIA.

Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4361.)

ARIstoLocnia Thwaitesii ; erecta suffructicosa paululum basin versus ramosa,

ramis velutino-villosis, foliis longe lanceolatis subcoriaceis glabris subtus

sericeo-villosis, pedunculis subradicalibus, floribus racemosis oppositis peri-

anthio bis arcte geniculato-flexuoso, limbo oblique truncato obscure 5-lobo

intus copioso glanduloso-villoso lobis acutiusculis.

Seeds of this very remarkable Aristolochia were received from

our valued friend Mr. Thwaites, discovered by him in one of his

excursions in the interior of Ceylon, and it flowered in the stove

of the Royal Gardens early in March, 1856. It is the hand-

somest of all the Hast Indian Aristolochia, and remarkable as

Well for the peculiar form of the perianth, as for the long narrow

leaves. The flowers emit a fragrant smell, a good deal resembling

that of Caladium (or Colocasia) odorum. It appears easy of culti-

vation and flowered with us in March.

Descr. From a tuberous caudex, or rhizome, several fleshy

roofs are emitted, and this caudex bears, above, a cluster of several

erect, terete, downy stems, about a span high, simple or a little

branched only at the base, leafy for their whole length. eaves

alternate, four to five inches long, spathulato-lanceolate, with a

short sudden acumen, the margins quite entire, the base taper-

ing into a short, terete petiole ; above glabrous, beneath downy

or almost velvety. From the base of the stem, or rather from

the top of the rhizome, the fower-stalks are clustered, erect,

three inches long, bearing a raceme of fragrant flowers, of which,

on each raceme, only one opens at a time; opposite each flower

or bud is a éract. The perianth is very curious in shape, being

a long ¢wée contracted in the ‘middle, and twice bent like a

JUNE Ist, 1856.

swan’s neck, obscurely veined ; the pedicel is long, so that the

flowers lie on the ground: the /Jimé is obliquely truncate, but

exhibiting five, angular, nearly equidistant teeth at the margin:

the inside of the limb is yellowish, densely clothed with glandu-

lar hairs, while the inside of the tube (or throat) is deep purple.

Ovary inferior, tapering into the rather flexuose pedicel. Style

very short, fleshy, deeply three-cleft : the anthers lodged (sessile)

in pairs at the back of each lobe of the stigma. 3

Fig. 1. Summit of the ovary, with the three-lobed antheriferous style:

magnified.

Tas. 4919.

ODONTOGLOSSUM HastTILABiuM;

"var. FUSCATUM.

Halberd-lipped Odontoglossum : brown-petaled var.

Nat. Ord. OncHIDE®#.—GyYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Gen. Char. (Vide supra, TaB. 4878.)

OpontoGLossum hastilabium ; foliis oblongis coriaceis, panicule ramis spicatis,

bracteis cymbiformibus acuminatis ovario squalibus, sepalis petalisque li-

neari-lanceolatis acuminatis undulatis, labello apice subrotundo-ovato acuto

basi auriculis acutis lanceolatis porrectis aucto, lamellis 5 elevatis, column

pubescentis alis obsoletis undulatis. Lindl.

OpontogtossuM hastilabium. Lindl. in Orchid. Linden. p. 16. ». 51. Flor.

Orchid. Nov. 1855, p. 5. n. 7. Oct. 1852, p. 18. n.51. Hook. Bot. Mag.

t. 4272.

Var. fuscatum, sepalis petalisque intus fuscis.

Collected in Venezuela by Mr. Birschell. Living flowering

specimens were sent to us in March, 1856, by Messrs. Jackson

and Sons, Kingston Nursery. It proves to be a variety of the

Odontoglossum figured by us at Tab. 4272, the O. hastilabium

of Dr. Lindley, with the sepals and petals of a uniform brown

colour in the inside; instead of being green, with transverse

brown lines.

_ Descr. A large epiphytal plant. Pseudobulbs four to five

inches tall, broad and compressed, furrowed, bearing two or more

leaves at its extremity, which are linear-oblong, obtuse, subcori-

aceous, not distinctly nerved in the recent plant, slightly keeled

at the back. Peduncle, or scape, elongated, arising from the

base of a pseudobulb, and within a leaf springing from the root,

panicled above. Panicle large, branched, many-flowered : at the

setting of the branches is a small convex bract. Sepals and pe-

tals much spreading, nearly uniform (the petals however being a

little shorter and broader, and crisped at the edge and more in-

curved), lanceolate, acuminate, subfalcate, subconduplicate, choco-

late-brown within, outside green; brown at the margin. Lip

JUNE Ist, 1856.

three-lobed, unguiculate, side-lobes very small, ovate, intermedi- —

ate ones very broad arrow-shaped, white (the disc red), with the |

two side-wings falcate, the apex suddenly acuminate, the margin

a little crisped ; on the disc are several long, sharp tubercles or

fleshy projections. Column with two, broad, blunt wings, one —

on each side : anther-case hemispherical. |

Fig. 1. Column and lip. 2. Pollen-masses.

4920

Vincent Brooks Imp-

W.Ritch del ce lith

Tas. 4920.

PERNETTYA Furens.

Maddening Pernettya.

Nat. Ord. Ertcacr#.—DEcANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Gen. Char. Calyx 5-partitus, persistens. Corolla globosa aut ovata, ore 5-dentato

revoluto. Stamina 10, acorolla libera, inclusa, filamentis supra basin subincrassatis,

antheris bilobis, loculis apice apertis biaristatis (vel muticis). Ovarium depresso-

globosum, glandulis 10 subtrilobis hypogynis basi cinctum. Stylus brevis. Stigma

convexum, subquinquelobum. Bacca calyce suffulta, 5-locularis, loculis polysper-

mis. Semina minuta, oblongo-ovata.—Fruticuli Americani, ramosissimi, glabri aut

in ramulis setosi, erecti aut procumbentes. Folia parva, approximata, persistentia,

alterna, ovata, integra aut dentata. Flores axillares, plerumque solitarii, pedicellati,

nutantes, albi. Pedunculi bracteolati. De Cand.

PerNertya furens; fruticosa, ramosa, ramulis pilosis, foliis brevi-petiolatis

ovato-lanceolatis coriaceis mucronato-acutis serratis subtus pallidis reticu-

latim venosis junioribus ciliatis, racemis axillaribus plurifloris, rachi paleaceo-

setosa, corolla urceolato-subglobosa intus hirsuta.

PERNETTYA furens. Klotzsch in Linnea, v. 24. p. 83. Walp. Ann. Bot. Syst. 2. p.

1111.

ARButus? furens. Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 33. De Cand. Prodr. v. 7.

p. 580.

ARBUTUS? punctata. Hook. et Arn. 1. c. p. 33. De Cand. Prodr. v. 7. p. 583.

Qued-qued. Feuild. Obs. 3. p. 36. t. 43.

From the collection of Messrs. Standish and Noble, of the

Bagshot Nursery, who raised it from Chilian seeds. Its blos-

soms were in perfection in the open ground in the month of

March, and it is consequently a great acquisition, with its bright

foliage and close racemes of white waxy flowers, to our evergreen

shrubs. It inhabits the neighbourhood of Conception, towards

the southern parts of Chili, latitude 37° S. Father Feuillée was

the first to detect and describe this plant, led to it perhaps by

its properties: “the fruit,” he says, “is a reddish-brown berry,

which is dangerous when eaten, causing delirium ; whence the

Indian name ( Qued-qued), signifying madness.” It is singular

however that no other author seems to have been acquainted

with the plant, except Dr. Arnott and myself, in the Botany of

JUNE lst, 1856.

Beechey’s Voyage, where indeed it is described twice over, the

Arbutus ? punctata proving to be the same plant. Mr. Gay, in

his ‘ Flora Chilensis,’ entirely omits it. Without a knowledge of

the structure of the fruit I fear the genus of the plant must be

considered still doubtful. It has the habit of Gaultheria, but

the calyx is not carnose. Dr. Klotzsch unhesitatingly places it in

Pernettya ; but it is at variance with his characters, for the cells

of the anthers are muticous (not “ biaristate”), and the flowers .

are racemose (not on “solitary peduncles’’).

Descr. A low shrub, moderately branched, younger ranches

green, and having older ones brown and glabrous. Leaves alter-

nate, an inch and a half long, ovato-lanceolate, rarely subovate,

acute and somewhat mucronate, the margins serrated, a little re-

curved, ciliated when young, above penninerved, dark green, below

paler and reticulately veined ; petzole very short, red. Racemes

almost sessile, solitary in the axils of several of the upper leaves,

and about the same length as they, many-flowered ; rachis pa-

leaceo-setose ; pedicels short, white, glabrous, curved downwards,

bearing two or three small dracts at the base. Calyx white, of

five, spreading, white, ovato-acuminated and deep lobes. Corolla

white, urceolato-globose, waxy, the faux hairy; the /iméd of five

spreading rather obtuse Jobes. Stamens ten; filaments wuch di-

lated at the base and downy there; anthers ovate, forked at the

apex, but not aristate, opening by a pore in each acuminated apex

in front. Ovary globose or slightly depressed, surrounded at the

base by a ten-toothed rimg. Style shorter than the corolla, thick,

columnar : stigma truncated, scarcely lobed.

Fig. 1. Young leaf seen from beneath :—natural size. 2. Portion of the

rachis of a raceme with one flower. 3, 4. Front and back view of a stamen.

5. Calyx and pistil (the corolla and stamens being removed). 6. Ovary and

glandular ring :—magnified.

Tas. 4921.

MASDEVALLIA WacGeneriAna.

Mr. Wagener’s Masdevallia,

Nat. Ord. OrncH1IpE®.—GyNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Gen. Char. Perianthium clausum ; sepalis acuminatis v. aristatis, in tubum

campanulatum connatis. Pefala nana. Labellum nanum, oblongum, concavum,

integrum, cum columna articulatum. Columna erecta, linearis, canaliculata.

Anthera hemispherica. Pollinia duo, caudicula brevi.—Herbe foliis Pleuro-

thallidis, scapis unifloris. Lindl.

MaspEvaLiia Wageneriana ; parva, cespitosa, sepalis apice longe cirrhiferis,

petalis securiformibus apice bifidis, labello subrhombeo grosse dentato-

serrato marginibus inferne integris reflexis, apice appendicula carnosa ungui-

formi.

MaspevaLiia Wageneriana. Linden, Cat. 1855. Past. Fl. Gard. v. 3. p. 14

(with woodcut).

A most lovely little plant, native of Central America, for the

opportunity of figuring which we are indebted to Messrs. Rol-

lison, of Tooting Nursery. To be seen to advantage however

the flowers must be dissected and magnified, and then the curious

form and beauty of the marking are very apparent.

Dzscr. The little plants grow in a tufted manner, and send

out fibrous roots from the base. Stem slender, filiform, sheathed

with a few membranaceous scales, terminating in a solitary, spa-

thulate, obtuse, coriaceous, erect Jeaf. Peduncles also arising

direct from the roots, nearly as long as the leaf, slender, filiform,

sheathed with scales, each bearing a solitary, nearly erect or but

slightly inclined flower, yellow spotted with red, jointed below

the ovary. The three sepals, broad, ovate, and each of them ter-

minating in a long cirrhus or tendril-like appendage, are united

into a three-lobed cup, tinged with red on the outside and deli-

cately dotted with red within, spreading at the mouth. Within

this, and much shorter than the sepals, are the two minute

hatchet-shaped petals, one on each side, the column erect, bifid

at the point. ip also small, a little longer than the column,

JUNE lst, 1856.

and standing nearly parallel with it, rhomboid, substipitate, the

margin reflexed below, then spreading into wing-like margins,

which are deeply toothed and unguiculate, with a fleshy, recurved

apex, like a bird’s claw; the whole is sprinkled with red-brown

dots. Column short, thick, semiterete. Anther-case sunk into

te clinandrium. Pollen-masses two, obovate, glandular at the

ase.

Fig. 1. Side view, and 2, front view, of a flower. 3. Petals, staat. and lip.

4. Lip removed from the flower. 5. Pollen-masses :—all magnified.

4OIRR

W-Fitch del -etlith . Vincent Brooks Imp-

Tas. 4922.

CLAVIJA ornatTa.

Elegant Claviya.

Nat. Ord. Myrsinez.—PeEntTanpRIA Monoeynta.

Gen. Char. Calyx profunde quinquefidus, Jaciniis imbricatis, obtusis. Corolla

hypogyna, ¢uo brevi, fauce in appendices carnosas, cum Jimbi quinquelobi laci-

niis obtusis, zestivatione imbricatis sub anthesi patentibus alternas tumente. Sta-

mina 5, imo corolle tubo inserta, ejusque lobis opposita, faucem vix superantia ;

Jilamenta in tubum connata ; anthere extrorse, biloculares, trigone, in capitulum

decemradiatum conniventes, longitudinaliter dehiscentes. Ovarium uniloculare,

placenta basilari parva. Ovula pauca, adscendentim amphitropa. Stylus bre-

vissimus ; stigma abbreviato-bilobum. Bacca globosa, unilocularis. Semina

pauca, placentze basilari globosz liberee inserta, wmbilico prope basim ventrali,

testa mucilaginosa. Kmbryo intra albumen corneum excentricus ; cotyledonibus

ovatis, planis, radicula infera—Frutices Americe tropice ; caule simplici, apice

Srondoso ; foliis alternis oblongis, coriaceis, integerrimis v. spinoso-dentatis ; racemis

axillaribus, simplicissimis, strictis ; folio brevioribus, bracteis minutissimis; floribus

nutantibus, abortu sepe unisexualibus, albis vel aurantiacis. Endl.

Cuavisa ornata; foliis subverticillatis elongato-oblongis acutis basi longe an-

gustatis coriaceis spinoso-dentatis, racemis folio triplo quadruplove brevi-

oribus, bracteis subulatis pedicello triplo brevioribus. DC.

Cxiavisa ornata. D. Don, Edinb. Phil. Journ. Jan. 1831. p. 236, et in Bot.

Reg. t. 1764. De Cand. Prodr. v. 8. p. 147.

Turopnrasta longifolia. Jacg. Coll. v. 4. p. 136. Hort. Schoenbr. v. 1. t. 116.

This is really a noble stove-plant, rising with a clear, tree-like

stem to a height of ten or twelve feet, and bearing a crown of

leaves at the extremity of very large size, together with racemes

of bright orange-coloured flowers from the axils of the leaves

and from the scars of the fallen leaves or the bare trunk: these

racemes are spreading or drooping. The plant inhabits New

Granada, and seeds were sent thence to our garden from that

country by Mr. Purdie, which have now become fine plants.

Descr. Stem erect, unbranched, or branched only at the top,

tree-like, marked with the scars of the numerous fallen leaves, the

foliage being confined to the summit of the stem, where the crown

JUNE Ist, 1856.

cannot be less than five feet across. eaves alternate, one and

a half to two and a half feet long, coriaceous, obovato-lanceolate,

acuminate, many and coarsely, almost spinosely, serrated at the

margin, strongly penniveined, the base tapering gradually into a

very short petiole. Racemes five or six inches long, solitary or

two or three together; from the axil of a leaf or from what corre-

sponds with it on the old wood at various points below the leaves,

spreading or drooping. Flowers numerous, bright orange. Pe-

duncle short, and with the rachis and pedicels yellow. Calyex

yellow, of five imbricating lobes. Coro//a subrotate, fleshy, with

five spreading, rounded, denticulated lobes, with five large fleshy

glands at the mouth, which close the faux of the corolla. Sta-

mens arismg from beneath these glands: the filaments united

into a tube bearing the extrorse anthers, each of two cells, at the

top. Ovary small, with a short style, abortive.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Section of the tubular portion of the corolla, showing the

glands, stamens, and ovary :—magnified.

Tas. 4923.

ODONTOGLOSSUM MEMBRANACEUM.

Membrane-sheathed Odontoglossum.

Nat. Ord. OrncHIDEmM.—GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Gen. Char, (Vide supra, Tas. 4878.)

ODONTOGLOSSUM membranaceum ; pseudobulbis ovatis angulatis, foliis solitariis

oblongis in petiolum canaliculatum angustatis, scapo 2—4-floro, bracteis va-

ginisque membranaceis acutissimis equitantibus, sepalis membranaceis un-

guiculatis lanceolatis, petalis latioribus oblongis obtusis, labello cordato ob-

tusissimo unguiculato, ungue carnoso cyathiformi pubescente antice biden-

tato medio tuberculato, processubus 2 ante cyathum elongatis pubescenti-

bus, columnee pubescentis auriculis rotundatis. Lindl.

ODONTOGLOSsUM membranaceum. Sert. Orchid. sub ¢. 25. Bot. Reg. 1845,

Mise. 60.10. Bot. Reg. 1846, ¢. 34.

A very fragrant Mexican Odontoglossum, and Dr. Lindley justly

observes that this and Odontoglossum Cervantesii may be re-

garded as among the finest species of the country. He remarks

also the great similarity of the two species, and that they may

be possibly varieties of each other. I think our plant here

figured will confirm that view; it partakes of the character of

both without being identical with either: it has the pure white

colour and larger flowers, and the shorter teeth on the labellum

of O. membranaceum ; but it wants the spots of the base of the

lip, the rounded apex, and has the larger tubercle at the unguis

of the lip: in these respects agreeing with O. Cervantesii. The

species flowers in the stove of the Royal Gardens in April. Both

kinds, we believe, are natives of the vicinity of Oaxaca.

Duscr. Pseudobulés small, about as big as a pigeon’s egg,

clustered, ovate, rather compressed, and slightly keeled on two —

opposite sides; partially clothed with large membranaceous

scales, as long as or longer than the pseudobulb. Leaf soli-

tary, terminal on the bulb, oblong, acute, pergamineous, faintly

striated. Scape radical, from within a scale at the base of the :

JUNE Ist, 1856. :

bulb, a span high, bearing many rather large, sheathing sca/es,

and similar ones on dracts are seen at the base of each of the

three or four flowers. Pedicels long. Sepals and petals pure

cream-white, with transverse red spots or lines at their base :

the former oval-oblong, the latter broader, ovato-rotundate, all

acute. Lip large, white, with a yellow claw, three-lobed: the

base or claw thick and fleshy, bearing a lobe on each side

streaked with red, with a tubercle on the disc and a bifid tu-

bercle in front: the terminal lobe very large, broadly cordate,

obscurely veined, waved and a little crenate at the margin, the

point acute or a little reflexed. Column rather large, terete,

with a spreading, oblong wing standing out on each side, a

little below the apex. Anther-case hemispherical or helmet-

shaped, acute. Pollen-masses two, obovate, yellow, attached

to a flattened stalk, and that to an oblong gland.

Fig. 1. Lip. 2. Column and anther. 3. Pollen-masses :—magnified.

Tas. 4924,

RHODODENDRON Faxuconert.

Dr. Falconer’s Rhododendron.

Nat. Ord. Ericace#.—DercanpriA MOoNoGYNIA.

Gen, Char. (Vide supra, TaB. 4336.)

RHODODENDRON Falconeri ; arbor, foliis amplis coriaceis oblongo-ellipticis ob-

ovatisve obtusis v. obscure mucronatis supra glabris nitidis impresse reticu-

latim venosis subtus dense ferrugineo-tomentosis, florum capitulis densis,

calyce obsoleto, corollis campanulatis (albis, basi hinc macula purpurea)

8-lobatis, stamsnibus 13-16, stylo apice incrassato, stigmate magno orbicu-

lari umblicato, capsula elliptico-cylindracea velutina.

RuopopEnpron Falconeri. Hook. fil. Rhod. Sik. Himal. p. 11. tab. x., in Journ.

Hort. Soc. Lond. v. 7. p. 76.

RHopODENDRON venosum. Nutt. in Hook. Kew Gard. Misc. v. 5. Dp. 364.

The spring of the present year has been eminently favourable

to the production of blossoms on the Himalayan Rhododendrons

(in general however not without protection), and our present

and succeeding numbers will give proof of this statement. ‘2.

Falconeri has flowered this season for the first time in Europe ;

and in two places,—with Messrs. Standish and Noble, who obli-

gingly sent the plant to us to be here figured, from an open

frame at Bagshot, without glass, only covered by a mat at night ;

and with Mr. Fairie, of Mosely Hill, near Liverpool.

It is one of three noble species of Sikkim (2. argenteum,

Hook. fil. and 2. Hodysoni, Hook. fil., being the second and

third), which belong to a group or division thus characterized by

Dr. Hooker: “Calyx 0. Corolla broadly bell-shaped, ten-lobed.

Stamens eighteen or twenty (rarely ten). Ovary usually hairy

or viscid or both, many-celled.—T'rees with large leaves, and

white or pale-coloured, densely clustered flowers. 2. Faleo-

nert, even independent of its flowers, is a very striking plant,

from the size and beauty of the foliage, which its discoverer

JULY Ist, 1856.

compares to those of the rusty-leaved vatiety of Magnolia gran-

diflora, but the green is of a much deeper hue. It inhabits the

summit of Tonglo Mountain, Eastern or Sikkim-Himalaya, at

an elevation of 10,000 feet above the level of the sea; and, as

may be expected, we have found it stand the winter in the open

air; but in a climate subject to dry, piercing, east winds at the

flowering season, it is in vain to expect blossoms; and even the

young branching shoots are liable to be killed, unless some kind

of protection be afforded at the season of blossoming. Mr. Booth

sent the same species to Mr. Nuttall, from Bootan, and he has

called it R. venosum.

Descr. Our plants have at present only attained a height of

three to four feet; but on their native mountains they are trees

thirty feet in height, with trunks often two feet in diameter, and

branching from the base. Young branches thick and downy,

bearing the spreading foliage at the extremity, and glutinous,

woolly leaf-buds enveloped in imbricated scales. The young leaves

are all over woolly with ferruginous down : the fully formed ones

are eight to ten inches, and even a foot in length, coriaceous,

thick, elliptical or obovate, obtuse at the base and at the apex,

but with the latter submucronate; the upper surface naked,

dark, glossy green, penninerved, and reticulatedly veined (the

veins sunk), beneath prominently veined and densely clothed

with more or less bright rusty-coloured down, the down often

deciduous on the veins. Petioles not more than an inch long,

but very thick and slightly transversely wrinkled, glabrous.

Flowers collected into a large head, numerous, white, and with

a dark purple or chocolate-coloured spot at the superior base

within, conspicuous also externally. Calyx obsolete, of five

minute lobes, quite concealed by the base of the corolla. Co-

rolla campanulate, large (three or four times as large as those

in the figure above quoted, but like them in other respects),

eight- or ten-lobed at the moderately spreading limb; -lobes

rounded, obtuse. Stamens twelve or sixteen, shorter than the

corolla, declined: filaments subulate, woolly below: anthers

small, brown. Ovary pyramidal, very woolly and glutinous,

sixteen-celled, with as many small glands on the outside at.

the base: sfyle geniculated above the middle, thence thickened

upwards. Stigma very large, nearly orbicular, umbilicated. Cap-

sule elliptical, cylindrical, downy.

Fig. 1. Stamen. 2. Flower :—nat. size. 3. Pistil and indistinct calyx. 4-

Transverse section of ovary :—nat. size. 5. Fruit :—nat. size.

Tas. 4925.

PTERIS HETEROPHYLLA.

Variable-leaved Pteris.

Nat. Ord. Finices.—Cryptocamia FILiczs.

Gen. Char. Sorus marginalis, linearis, continuus. Indusium marginarium, sca-

riosum, angustum.—Rhizoma subglobosum. Frondes fasciculate, coriacee aut

herbacee, lobate, sepissime pinnatim divise. Ven pinnate, crebre, simplices,

sepius uni-bifurcate, tenues, venulisque apice obtuso libero terminate, interne aut

elevatiuscule, venulis parallelis rarissime divergentibus. Presl.

Prerts heterophylla ; frondibus (vix pedalibus) ovatis bi- subtri-pinnatis apice

simpliciter pinnatis, pinnis pinnulisque oppositis, sterilium pinnulis subob-

ovatis basi ineequaliter cuneato-attenuatis profunde serratis, fertilium pin-

nulis oblongis apice grosse-dentatis, rachibus anguste alatis, soris oppositis.

Preris heterophylla. Zinn. Sp. Pl. p. 1534. Sw. Syn. Fil. p. 101. Willd. Sp.

Pl.v. 5. p. 894. Spreng. Syst. Veget.v.4. p. 716. Fée, Gen. Fil. p. 125 et

126. -Agardh, Sp. et Gen. Pterid. p. 15.

ADIANTUM hexagonum. Jinn. Sp. Pl. p. 1560.

Ap1antvm foliis hexagonis. Plum. Fil. p. 84. t. 37.

ADIANTUM pinnis hexagonis fureatis. Pétiv. Fil. v. 94. t. 10. f. 2 (fide Willd.).

Rua muraria major, etc. Sloan. Jam. Hist. v. 1. p. 92. t. 53. f. 2.

From the Royal Gardens of Kew, where it was lately received,

through Mr. Wilson, from Jamaica, gathered in moist woods,

Westmoreland County. Sloane gives the Orange River and Rio

d’Oro, in the middle of the island, as the locality: we possess

specimens also from Dr. Macfadyen; but it does not appear to

be an abundant species, or it is much overlooked by collectors.

Plumier gives only one station for it in St. Domingo, viz. “un

endroit que les Boucaniers de I’Isle appellent /e fond ¢pineuz, en

venant des Anses & Pitre au quartier de Leogane.” I have also

a solitary specimen gathered near Rio Janeiro by the late Lady

Calcott. Mr. J. Smith possesses a specimen, gathered by Linden

in the island of Cuba. It is a very distinct and well-marked

species, reminding one in the size and composition of the frond,

in the larger and longer fertile fronds, and in the contracted

JULY IsT, 1856.

fertile pinnules with the opposite parallel sori, of Cryptogramma

crisua. 1 possess a somewhat allied and I believe new species

of this from Tweedie, South Brazil, with the copious fertile pin-

nules, as narrow as, and a good deal resembling, an Onychiwm.

Dzscr. The roof consists of fibres springing from a very short,

knotted, woody caudex. Fronps tufted, ovate, bipinnate or,

in the more luxuriant specimens, subtripmnate, submembrana-

ceous, glabrous; pinz@ and pinaules opposite or mostly so.

SrerILe FRonpDs (including the naked, slender stipes) scarcely a

span high. Pinaules somewhat ovate or more frequently ob-

ovate, coarsely and acutely serrated, tapering below into an

oblique, cuneate base: veinlets terminating below each serra-

ture, and clavate. Ferrite Fronps taller than the barren,

sometimes a foot high: their pinnules oblong or almost linear-

oblong, their sides nearly parallel and occupied by the opposite

sori, and their rather narrow involucres, of which the sporangia

almost meet at the costa; the apex alone coarsely incised, with

a few (one to three) erect teeth. Under a magnifying power a

few minute hairs may be seen at the base of the under side of the

fertile pinnules, and the rachises are everywhere slightly winged

or margined.

Fig. 1. Fertile pinnule. 2. Sterile pinnule :-—magnified.

Tas. 4926.

RHODODENDRON Hooxsnt.

Dr. Hooker's Rhododendron.

Nat. Ord. Erick#.—Drcanpria Monoeynia.

Gen. Char. (Vide supra, TaB. 4336.)

RHODODENDRON Hookeri ; fruticosum erectum, foliis coriaceis glaberrimis rigi-

dis oblongo-ovalibus obtusis longe petiolatis basi rotundatis subtus glauces-

centibus pinnatim nervosis, nervis furfuracco-pubescentibus, corymbis mul-

tifloris, calyce amplo campanulato obsolete et ineequaliter lobato, corolla

campanulata lobis emarginatis, staminibus 10, capsula’ cylindraceo-ovata

glabra 7—8-loculari, seminibus lanceolatis marginatis apice laceratis. Nut.

RHODODENDRON Hookeri. Nutt. in Hook. Kew Gard. Misc. v. 5. p- 359.

From the garden of Mr. Fairie, of Mosely Hall, near Liver-

pool, where it flowered in April, 1856. It is one of the many

new Rhododendrons which rewarded Mr. Booth’s researches in —

Bootan, and which have been so successfully reared from seed

by the veteran botanist Nuttall, at Nuttgrove, Rainhill, near

Prescott. It is really a handsome and brilliant species, forming,

along with R. eximium, Nutt., “the entire thickets upon the Oola.

Mountain of Bootan, on the north slopes of the Lablung Pass,

accompanied by Pinus ewcelsa; elevation above the sea-level

8000 to 9000 feet, the frost and snow at that time, about the

20th December, being very severe and continuous.” Mr. Nuttall

observes it is allied to &. Zhomsoni, but differs in the leaves

and other characters, as well as in the more numerously-flowered —

corymb. \

Dzscr. “ A tall, erect shrud, twelve to fourteen feet high (on

its native mountains), with a trunk three to four inches in

diameter. Branches covered with a whitish-yellow, polished dark.

Hlower-buds large, the scales dilated and retuse, externally appear-

ing as if varnished, internally silky. Zeaves smooth, very thick

and coriaceous, apiculate, oblong or oblong-oval, obtuse at both

extremities, beneath glaucous, elegantly and curiously pinnatedly

nerved, the nerves or vessels in right lines marked at regular

JULY Ist, 1856.

distances by globular tufts of white chaffy scales, which when

abraded Jeave behind brown fibrous scars, resembling the bases

of the sori in Ferns, both in texture and colour. Leaf-dud scales,

in growing plants, linear-oblong, much elongated, and often of a

brilliant scarlet. Leaves three to five and a half inches long,

and from one to one and a half inch wide; during winter very

much curled back, so that the edges nearly meet the midrib.

Petioles thick and stout, about an inch in length. The flowers

as large as those of &. Zhomsoni ; the lobes five, deeply bilobed.

Stamens ten, smooth: the anthers with oblique pores. Corymé

ten- to fifteen-flowered, the peduncles reflected. Calyz very large,

campanulate, coloured, unequally and irregularly five-lobed, the

two back lobes the largest, all of them shallow. Capsule about

an inch long, seven- to eight-celled, two-thirds covered by the

persistent coriaceous calyx, light brown, cylindric-ovate, the ced/s

acute, placental, dissepiments very thick and rounded. Seed

lanceolate, light brown, with a margin chiefly on one side, and

the summit torn into several threads.” uit.

Fig. 1. Portion of a leaf, with villous scale. 2. Scale removed from a Icaf.

3. Stamens. 4. Calyx and pistil. 5. Transverse section of ovary :—magnified.

Witch delet tith Veocaat “Brock emp,

Tas. 4927.

COLLINSIA verna.

Vernal Collinsia.

Nat. Ord. ScROPHULARINEZ.—DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA.

Gen. Char. Calyx profunde 5-fidus, campanulatus. . Corolle declinatee, tubus

postice basi gibbus, mdi labium superius bifidum lobis erecto-replicatis, inferius

lobo medio complicato genitalia includente, lateralibus patentibus. Stamina de-

clinata, antherarum loculis apice confluentibus, staminis quinti rudimentum breve.

Stylus apice minute subcapitato-stigmatosus. Capsula ovata vel globosa, septi-

cide bivalvis, valvulis membranaceis bifidis. Semina ovoidea, majuscula, dorso

convexa, facie concava, festa leviuscula.—Herbe annue, Boreali- Americana,

erecta, decumbentes vel laxe ramose. Folia opposita, rarius ternatim verticillata.

Flores in avillis foliorum floralium oppositorum falso verticillati, cymarum nempe

pedunculus communis suénullus, pedicelli uniflori ebracteolati elongati vel rarius

brevissimi, singuli bractea parva vel foliacea suffulti. Corolla cerulea, violacea

vel subrosea ; labio superiore pallido vel albo. Benth. in De Cand. Prodr.

CoLiinsia verna; glabra vel superne subpuberula, foliis infimis cordato-orbicu-

laribus sublonge petiolatis, caulinis ovatis sessilibus crenato-serratis, su-

premis bractewformibus quaternatim verticillatis linearibus, pedicellis folio

longioribus, calycis laciniis lato-lanceolatis ciliatis, corolle labio superiore

albo profunde bifido lobis divergentibus inferiore czeruleo.

Couiinsta verna. Nutt. in Journ. Acad. Philad. v.1.p.190.f.1. Gen. of N.

Am. Plants, v. 2. p.46. Benth. in De Cand. Prodr. v.10. p. 318 (ened.

Syn. of Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. v. 3. t. 220). Gray, Bot. of N. U. States,

p. 297.

ANTIRRHINUM tenellum. Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. v. 2. p. 421.

This lovely annual is quite new to our gardens,* and is no

less interesting from the beauty of its flowers (the upper lip pure

white, the lower a rich azure-blue) than from its being the spe-—

cies on which the excellent Nuttall founded the genus: and it

is from Mr. Nuttall himself that we received the plants from

which our drawing is made, accompanied by the following note :

—“T send you young plants of Collinsia verna. This, like the

rest of the genus, is an annual, but of singular beauty, and has

* The Collinsia verna of Don, in Sweet’s ‘Flower Garden,’ vol. iii. tab. 220,

is clearly the C. grandiflora, Lindl. (Bot. Reg. t. 1107), from Oregon.

JULY Ist, 1856.

always with me been a favourite, as it is the first genus I ever at-

tempted to describe, and dedicated to an old friend and accurate

botanist, Zaccheus Collins, Esq., of Philadelphia, long since dead.

I found it in my first journey into the western interior of Ame-

rica (1812), growing in rich and rather shady alluvial lands

betwixt Franklin and Erie, in West Pennsylvania, which appears

to be near upon its eastern limit. From my friend Professor

Short I have it from near Lexington, Kentucky ; it is also com-

mon in Missouri, but ceases long before arriving at the Rocky

Mountains, at the sources of the Platte, where the climate be-

comes too dry for it. ‘The seeds I received by post from Dr.

Short were collected in his garden on the Ist of June, last year,

1855; on the 25th of June I had some of them already planted,

but none came up until the month of August, and those unfor-

tunately were all but ove devoured by snails. I planted more

seeds in September, and from those have arisen, with a good many

others, the plants I send. I put them out-of-doors in pots de-

fended by open wide-necked glass shades, in which way they do

better than im a frame or greenhouse. The winter or autumnal

young plants endure the severe winters in Kentucky perfectly

well, and there begin to flower about the Ist of April.”

Our plants flowered in a cool frame early in April and con-

tinued blooming for a long time. ‘Treated as a hardy annual it

will prove, when sufficiently abundant, a charming bedding-

out species.

Dzscr. Annual. Our native specimens in the Herbarium

are generally small and straggling. Cultivation improves the

plant exceedingly ; it then grows more erect, stouter, is from a

span to a foot high, and bears a succession of flowers, like the

Pentstemons. Stem opposite, terete; branches glabrous, the ex-

tremities only being a little downy. Leaves glabrous: radical

ones, between cordate and orbicular, on long petioles; cauline

ones sessile, ovate, crenato-dentate, rather obtuse ; supreme leaves

or dracteas in whorls of four, linear and entire. Pedicels solitary

and axillary from the leaves, sometimes from the lowest pair

of cauline or sessile leaves. Calyx two-lipped, of five, deep,

broad-lanceolate, acute, ciliated segments. Corolla large in

proportion to the plant: wpper lip snowy-white, bipartite: the

_ lobes rather diverging, retuse: /ower lip bright azure-blue, with

white rays: middle lobe obsolete, forming a plica, which receives

the stamens and style: side lobes conspicuous, emarginate.

Fig. 1. Calyx and pistil :—magnified.

Tas. 4928.

: RBODQDENDRON .s4sun ss 1 eee

var. WALLICHII.

Bell-flowered Rhododendron ; Dr. Wallich’s var.

Nat. Ord. Ericem.—DEcANDRIA Monoeynia.

Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4336.)

RAODODENDRON campanulatum ; frutex dense ramosus, ramulis foliis subtus

petiolisque Magis minusve ferrugineo-tomentosis, foliis brevissime petiolatis

ellipticis obovatisve acutis coriaceis basi cordatis supra glaberrimis intense

viridibus, floribus 6-10 laxe capitatis pallide roseis, pedunculis elongatis,

calyce obsoleto 5-lobo, corollis lato-campanulatis, staminibus 10, ovariis

5—8-locularibus.

RHODODENDRON campanulatum. Don, in Wern. Trans. v. 3. p.410. Sw. Brit. Fl.

Gard. 2. p. 241. Wall, Cat. n.156. De Cand. Prodr. v. 1. p. 121. Lodd.

Bot. Cab. t. 1944. Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 359. Hook. Fil. in Journ. of Hort.

Soc. Lond. v. 1. p. 78.

B, foliis subtus pilis articulatis ferrugineis sparsim ‘tomentosis v. subglabris,

corollis immaculatis. (Tan. Nostr. 4928.)

RHopopENDRON Wallichii. Hook. Fil. Rhod. Sik. Him. t. 64. t. 5.

-Native of the interior of Sikkim-Himalaya. When Dr. Hooker

prepared his description on its native mountain he considered

this to be a new species, which he named after our lamented

friend Dr. Wallich, not being then aware of the sportive nature

of Rhododendron campanulatum, of which he afterwards, and no

doubt justly, considered it to be a mere variety, with the rusty

down of the foliage nearly obsolete; and as such we represent

it here, from plants raised at Kew from Himalayan seeds, and

which blossomed in May, 1856. : ;

In this variety the petioles of the leaves are deeply tinged with

red, and the scales of the leaf-bud are also red,—characters

JULY 1st, 1856.

which add in no slight degree to the beauty of the plant. These

differences pointed out, we may refer to our representation and

description of the normal features of the species at Tab. 3759

of this Magazine. We here add some dissections which are

wanting in that figure.

Fig. 1. Portion of the under side of a leaf. 2. Branched pubescence of the

same. 3. Stamen. 4. Calyx and pistil. 5. Transverse section of the ovary :

—magnified.

4929

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W Fitch dd et hth. Yineent. Brook: Samp

Tas. 4929.

CALCEOLARIA vioxuaczka.

Pale-purple Calceolaria.

Nat. Ord. SckoPHULARIACE#®.—DIANDRIA MonoGynNIa.

Gen. Char. Calyx basi ovario brevissime subadherens, 4-partitus, laciniis xs-

tivatione valvatis. Corolla subperigyna, ¢ubus subnullus, limbus concavus, bilo-

bus, lobis integris, concavis v. calceiformibus, superiore minore inferiorem vulgo

inflatum estivatione ad margines angustissime obtegente. Stamina 2, lateralia,

prope basin corolla inserta, addito rarissime tertio postico, deficientium rudi-

menta nulla; anthere biloculares vel dimidiate. Stylus simplex, apice non in-

crassatus, minute stigmatosus. Ovarium disco tenui calyci adnato impositum.

Capsula ovato-conica, septicide dehiscens, valvulis bifidis, marginibus inflexis co-

_lumnam placentiferam nudantibus. Semina plurima, sepius numerosa, striata.—

Herbee, suffrutices vel frutices, Austro-Americani et Novo-Zelandici. Folia opposita

aut verticillata, rarissime alterna. Pedunculi axillares terminalesve, eymoso-multifiori

vel rarius uniflori. Corolle flave, albe vel purpurascentes. Benth. in De Cand.

Catcgoartia (§ Jovellana) violacea; fruticosa ramosissima minute viscidulo-

pubescens, foliis petiolatis ovatis acutis grosse inciso-dentatis basi cuneatis

supra hispidulis, corolle labiis concavis alte connatis, superiore calyce sub-

triplo longiore inferiore vix longiore, apice brevissime involuto. Benth.

Catczonaria violacea. Cav. Ic. v. 5. p. 31. 4.452. Benth. in De Cand. Prodr.

v.10. p. 206. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 46.

Baa violacea. Pers. Syn. Pl. v. 1. p. 15.

The present is one of a singular group of Calceolaria, distin-

guished as a genus by Cavanilles (at least in part) under the

name of Jovellana,—Baa of Persoon. The corollas have the

two lips nearly equal, and more or less open ; and the anther-

cells are adnate. ‘These are however, by general consent, placed

in Calceolaria, under a section called « Jovellana.” Our present

species is a native of Valparaiso and Conception, i Chili, and

- has now been some time introduced : neil gardens, iheg

it forms a very pretty greenhouse plant, flowering copiously m

May and J one. : Cicadas Sinclairii, of New Zealand, is one

of this Jovellana group.

Descr. Suffruticose. Stem erect, one to two feet and more

high, glabrous or slightly pubescent, much branched. Branches

AUGUST IsT, 1856.

terete, opposite. Leaves numerous, small, opposite, ovate or be

tween ovate and cordate, petiolate, lobato-pinnatifid, the lobes

‘acute, inciso-dentate, rather dark green, and with scattered hairs

above, pale beneath. Petiole shorter than the leaf, channelled

above. Corymés terminating the upper branches, and handsome

from their number rather than any brilliancy of colour. Pedicels

hairy. Calyz hairy and ciliate, nearly equally quadripartite ; lobes

ovate, rather acute, spreading. Corolla moderately large, sub-

rotund, but depressed, deeply two-lipped, pale yellowish salmon-

colour, spotted with purple without and more distinctly within :

ips nearly equal, half-open, upper one nearly plane, lower one

slightly concave, hairy and ciliated at the margin and at the very

base within, where the hairs are very long and bristle-like. Sta-

mens two: filaments very short; anthers two, erect and adnate

(not divaricate). Ovary subglobose, or rather hemispherical,

downy. Style filiform.

Fig. 1. Calyx and pistil. 2. Lower half of the corolla with stamens :-—

magnified.

Tas. 4930.

RHODODENDRON BuanprorpDi#FLorRuM.

Blandfordia-flowered Rhododendron.

Nat. Ord. Ertcua.—DxrcaNnpria Monocynlia.

Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4336.)

RHODODENDRON Blandfordieflorum ; frutex ramulosus, ramulis gracilibus vir-

gatis lepidotis, foliis lanceolatis acuminatis coriaceis breve petiolatis subtus

ferrugineo-lepidotis, capitulis 5—10-floris, floribus pendulis breve pedicel-

latis, corolla carnose infundibuliformis tubo elongato cylindraceo lobis ob-

longis obtusis acutisye.

The subject of our present plate is another of Dr. Hooker’s

discoveries in the Himalaya Mountains of Eastern Nepal and

Sikkim, where it is not uncommon at elevations of 10,000 to

12,000 feet, both in valleys and on the mountain-tops and

ridges. It forms a slender, rather ugly, sparingly leafy, twiggy

bush, with often very ornamental flowers, which are extremely

variable and even wholly dissimilar in colour, and often in form.

A comparison of Plate VIII. of Dr. Hooker’s ‘Sikkim Rhodo-

'dendrons’ and of our Plate 4788 with that now figured, would

ro]

never suggest the probability of the plants there delineated being

nearly related, nor were we at all inclined to regard them as such

until these and other varieties—all flowering about the same time

both in the Royal Gardens and Pleasure-grounds at Kew, in the

Horticultural Society’s Gardens, and elsewhere—showed so many

clearly marked transition states, that we have no alternative but

to regard them as very closely allied plants. An examination

of Dr. Hooker’s extensive swites of dried specimens further con-

firms this opinion ; and amongst his unpublished drawings, made

from the wild plants in Sikkim, is another form or species with

longer, more slender flowers, much more deeply coloured than

any which we have seen in cultivation. How far these forms

may prove permanent in this country remains to be seen, but

AUGUST Ist, 1856.

no one who has cultivated the Himalayan Rhododendrons on

a large scale can fail to be struck with the numerous sports

which have already started off from 2. ciliatum, Dalhousie, cam-

panulatum, and arboreum, and which will no doubt soon be ac-

counted as species by nurserymen.

The more important poimts besides habit in which 2. Bland-

fordieflorum varies are the form of the calyx-lobes, which, as in

R. cinnabarinum, are always minute teeth, but of which teeth

the upper is sometimes elongate and subulate; the size, form,

and colour of the corolla—which varies from one to two and a

half inches long, with blunt or acute lobes, and from a pale,

sickly green colour to a vivid orange-red—being often green

below and red above. The characters of the stamens, pistil, and

fruit seem very constant in all the forms.

Dzscr. A slender shrub, attaining eight feet in height, resem-

bling R. cinnabarinum in habit, and, like it, considered poison-

ous to goats and sheep in the Himalaya, and the smoke of

whose wood, when used for fuel in a tent, causes swelling of the

face and inflammation of the eyes. Leaves two to three inches

long, coriaceous in luxuriant plants. Mowers two and a half

~ inches long, often green before expansion, and afterwards bear-

ing more or less of a cinnabar or brick-red or orange-red on

the upper part of the tube and limb, sometimes altogether green,

at others being red, even in the bud. Stamens ten. Ovary five-

celled.

Fig. 1. Portion of under surface of leaf. 2. Scale from ditto. 3. Stamen.

4. Pistil. 5. Transverse section of ovary.

4 W Fitch del et hth

A G31

Vincent Brooks imp

Tas. 4931.

RIBES supvestitum.

Glandular Californian Gooseberry.

Nat. Ord. GrossuLARIEZ.—PENTANDRIA DIGYNIA.

Gen. Char. Calyx 5-lobus, laciniis plus minus coloratis. Petala 5, parva,

albida, lutea vel rubra. Stamina 5, rarissime 6, filamentis liberis. Sfyli 1-2 et

3-4-fidi. Bacca unilocularis, receptaculis lateralibus. Semina arillata (an in

omnibus ?), oblonga, subcompressa.

Rises (§ Grossularia) subvestitum ; glanduloso-pubescens, ramis rigidis, foliis

cordatis tri-quinquelobis crenato-dentatis supra glabris subtus subpilosis,

spinis stipularibus 3—4 subulatis mediocribus, petiolis glanduloso-hirsutis,

pedunculis 1—3-floris pilosis (pilis glandulosis) bibracteatis, bracteis glandu-

loso-marginatis, calycis tubo ovarium glandulosum superante laciniis hirsu-

tis oblongis reflexis, staminibus petala duplo superantibus glabris.

Ripes subvestitum. Hook. et Arn. Bot. of Beech. Voy. p. 346. Walpers, Re-

pert. Bot. Syst. v. 2. p. 357. *

A native of California, where it was first detected by the

naturalists of Captain (now Admiral) Beechey’s surveying voy-

age; and it has since been sent by Mr. Lobb to Messrs. Veitch

and Sen, Exotic Nurseries, Exeter and Chelsea, where it bears

its flowers in the open ground in April and May, and is rather

a striking plant, from the size of the flowers and deep purple-

coloured calyx, with pale, erect petals, and the inserted stamens,

which give a Fuchsia-like character to their flowers.

Drscr. A shrub, with harsh, rigid branches, and these beset

with stipulary spines, three or four growing together and spread-

ing, subulate, of moderate length. Leaves small, cordate, three-

to five-lobed, the lobes crenate, glabrous above, downy beneath,

Sometimes glandular. Pefzoles hairy, the hairs mixed with pe-

dicellated glands. Peduncles bearing two or three drooping

flowers ; pedicels clothed with stalked glands, and bearing two

opposite, oval, concave Jracts, which are glandular at the mar-

gin. Inferior ovary, with copious glands. Ze of the calye

AUGUST Ist, 1856.

longer than the ovary, scarcely glandular: /imé of five, long,

reflexed, dark purple segments, which are oblong and marked

with lines of hairs. Petals erect, broadly cuneate, almost white,

the sides involute. Stamens, with the filaments, almost twice as

long as the petals, erect: anthers oval-oblong, glandular at the

back. Sfy/e as long as the petals, bifid.

Fig. 1. Flower laid open. 2. Petal. 3. Anther, seen from behind :—magnified.

Tas. 4932.

RHODODENDRON camMELLLEFLORUM.

Camellia flowered Rhododendron.

Nat. Ord. Ertcea.—Dercanpria Monoeynia.

Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4336.)

RHODODENDRON camellieflorum ; ramulis petiolis pedunculis ovariis foliisque

subtus dense ferrugineo-lepidotis, foliis crasse petiolatis coriaceis elliptico-

lanceolatis acuminatis coriaceis basi acutis obtusisve, floribus solitariis ¥;

binis breve crasse pedunculatis, pedunculis basi bracteolatis, calycis limbi

lobis 5 obtusis, corolle albee crasse coriacew tubo subinflato lobis expla-

natis orbiculatis concavis breviore, staminibus 16, filamentis breviusculis

ciliatis, stylo crasso curvo, ovario 10-loculari, capsula breviter oblonga

lignosa.

RHODODENDRON camellizeflorum. Hook. fil. in Sik. Rhod. t. 28. Journ. Hort.

Soc. Lond. 1852, pp. 80, 103.

The present plant is another example of the strange dissimi-

larity in habit and general appearance that prevails throughout

the now extensive genus Rhododendron. With the exception of

the 2. pendulum, a smaller species from the same country not

yet introduced into England, there is none to which R. camel-

“eflorum can be at all compared in the form of its flower and

habit combined ; the foliage however resembles in many points

. that of R. Maddeni and cinnabarinum, and the corolla that of R.

lepidotum, in form. ‘The plant here figured was detected by Dr.

Hooker in the pine forests of East Nepal and Sikkim, at an ele-

vation of 9000 to 12,000 feet ; it was also found by the late Mr.

Griffith in the mountains of the adjacent province of Bhotan. It

generally grew epiphytically on the limbs of lofty trees, whence

its branches hung down and were several feet long ; but in the

looser forests, where light and air were better distributed, it was

AuGusT Ist, 1856.

found on the ground and on rocks. It has been distributed in

gardens under the MS. name of 2. theeflorum.

Descr. Stems two to six feet long, as thick as a goosequill ;

branchlets, peduncles, calyx, ovary, petioles, and under surface

of the leaf densely clothed with brown, appressed, circular, hya-

line scales ; a few of them are also scattered over the outer sur-

face of the tube of the corolla. Zeaves two or three inches long,

spreading, very thick and coriaceous, deep green above, ellip-

tical, lanceolate, acuminate; petioles short, very stout. Pedun-

cles axillary, short, stout, curved, clothed at the base with broad,

ciliated bracts. Calyz lobes large, broadly oblong, blunt. Co-

rolla white, one and a half inch across, of a very thick texture,

pure white or with a faint rosy tinge; the tube short, somewhat

inflated ; lobes broad, expanded, concave. Stamens sixteen, large

for the size of the flower. Style short, clavate, curved.

Fig. 1. Under surface of portion of leaf. 2. Scale. 3. Flower. 4, Stamen.

5. Flower, with corolla removed. 6. Transverse section of ovary. 7. Imperfect

fruit :—all magnified.

Tas. 4933.

HETEROTROPA asarorpeEs.

Asarum-like Heterotropa.

Nat. Ord. ArIstoLOocHIEZ.—DopEcaNDRIA MonoGyNIA.

Gen. Char. Flores hermaphroditi. Perigonium coloratum, urceolatum, tubo

late ventricoso, basi cum ovario connato, fauce anghstata, annulo introflexo, pli-

cato, limbi trifidi laciniis cordatis, eestivatione induplicatis. Stamina 12, disco

perigyno ovarii parti liber adnato inserta sex exteriora (stigmatibus opposita) ;

Jilamentis triangularibus, antherarum loculis subintrorsis, connectivo submutico

interposito sejunctis ; sex interiora alterna, fiJamentis nullis, antherarum sessilium

loculis extrorsis, connectivo dorsali in acumen lanceolatum producto contiguis.

Ovarium semi-inferum, sexloculare ; ovuda in loculorum angulo centrali plu-

rima, adscendentia. Sfyli 6, connati, stellatim expansi, singuli obcordati, inferne

stigmatiferi ; stigmata ovato-attenuata, papillosa. Fructus. . .—Herba Japonica,

habitu Asari ; foliis binis, profunde cordatis, obtusis, albo-maculatis ; floribus axilla-

ribus, solitariis v. geminis, breviter pedicellatis, folio abortivo bracteatis, intus sordide

Suscis, faucis annulo albido. Endl.

Hererorropa asaroides. Morren et Decaisne, in Nouv. Ann. Soc. Nat. v. 2. p.

314. 4.10. Graham, in Bot. Mag. t. 3746.

Asarum Virginicum. Thunb. Fl. Jap. p. 190.

Dr. Siebold introduced this curious plant (too nearly allied to

Asarum) to our Buropean gardens on his return from Japan. Tn

1839 it was cultivated in the Edinburgh Botanic Garden, when

the late Professor Graham sent a description and a figure, which

were published in our sixty-sixth volume of the Bot. Mag. t. 3746.

The representation is however so indifferent that we are sure our

friends will be glad to see a better one. The plant seems to have

disappeared from our English, gardens for a length of time, and

now has been received again from the Belgian Gardens under

the name of Asarum Japonicum. We have hitherto treated it as

a greenhouse plant, but it is quite likely it would bear our winters

in the open air. Its flowering season is April and May.

Descr. Rhizome resembling that of Asarwm Europeun,

branched and nodose, the Jranches bearing at the end two pe-

AuGuUsT lst, 1856.

tiolated, deeply cordate, approaching to ovate, entire eaves, gla-

brous, as is every part of the plant, spotted and mottled as in

Cyclamen Europeum. Petioles erect, as long as the /eaves, deeply

channelled in the inside. From the base of these, and arising

from a bracteal scale, appears the flower, on a very short pe-

duncle, inclined or drooping. Perianth depresso-globose, of a

dark, dull, purplish-green colour, contracted near the base, where

it is united to the base of the ovary, and still more contracted at

the wrinkled and pale-coloured mouth; the /imé, of three large,

triangular, but blunt segments, spreads horizontally. The in-

ternal surface is deeply cellular. Stamens twelve, arising from a

dise which surrounds the nearly superior ovary. Azthers almost

sessile, alternately smaller, erect, ovate, acuminate ; ced/s adnate

with the sides of the acute conpectivum. Ovary a short, thick

column, the base only incorporated with the perianth, six-celled ;

cells many-ovuled. Stigma large, formed of six large rays,

spreading horizontally over the entire ovary, each ray with a

glandular stigmatic surface at the extremity.

Fig. 1. Flower with the perianth cut through vertically, showing its interior -

surface, the stamens, the ovary, and large sessile-rayed stigma. 2. Stamens and

pistils, removed from the perianth :—magnijied.

erase

itch. del.et lth.

Vincent. Brooks [mp

Tas. 4934.

AGAVE CE st.

Cels’s Agave.

Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDEZ.—HEXANDRIA MonoGynIa.

Gen. Char. Perigonium corollinum, superum, infundibuliforme, persistens, limbi

sexpartiti laciniis subeequalibus. Stamina 6, tubo perigonii inserta; filamenta

filiformia, estivatione inflexa, sub anthesi exserta; anther@ lineares, versatiles.

Ovarium inferum, triloculare. Ovula plurima, in loculorum angulo centrali bi-

seriata, horizontalia, anatropa. Sfylus filiformis, exsertus, cavus, apice pervius ;

stigma capitato-trigonum. Capsula coriacea, trigono-triquetra, trilocularis, locu-

licido-trivalvis. Semina plurima, plano-compressa ; tesa chartacea, marginata ;

raphe \aterali, umbilicum prope basin lateralem chalaze subapicali jungente.

Embryo cylindricus, axilis, albuminis carnosi longitudine, extremitate radiculari

umbilicum spectante.—Herbee acaules v. caulescentes, interdum gigantee, longeve,

sed semel florentes, in America tropica et subtropica cis equatorem indigene, que-

dam nune a mortalibus late diffuse ; foliis radicalibus carnosis, interdum maximis,

— spinosis ; floribus in scapo radicali bracteato paniculatis, numerosissimis.

mal.

AGAVE Celsii ; acaulis, tota glauca, foliis (bipedalibus) obovato-lanceolatis valde

sed brevi anguste acuminatis ineequaliter dentatis dentibus rectis curva-

‘ tisve simplicibus v. furcatis, scapo (4-pedali) toto bracteato bracteis inferi-

oribus subfoliiformibus superioribus sensim magis subulatis, spica oblonga

multiflora, floribus subgeminis, perianthio infundibuliformi (viridi) crassi-

usculo, limbi laciniis ovatis acutis, filamentis styloque perianthio plus quam

duplo longioribus.

This fine Agave was received many years ago from the garden

of M. Cels, at Paris, as an unknown species, and equally un-

known as to its native country—probably Mexico. It does not

appear to be anywhere described, but is distinguished from every

other with which we are acquainted by its singularly glaucous

foliage, more resembling that of some A/oe than an Agave. — It

flowered in May and June of the present year, for the first time

with us.

Descr. Stem none, or scarcely rising above the surface of the

ground. eaves one and a half to two fect long, obovato-lan-

ceolate, suddenly and sharply acuminate, nearly plane above,

more convex beneath, the margin beset with short spines very

AUGUsT IsT, 1856.

variable in shape, straight or falcate, simple or more or less

equally bifid or denticulate at the margin; the whole of a pale

very glaucous green colour. Scape four feet long, entirely clothed

with imbricated dracts, leaf-like (but smaller than the leaves) at

the base, the root of the bracts gradually becoming smaller and

more subulate upwards. Spike oblong, simple. Vowers gene-

rally two from the same, or nearly the same, point, and each

subtended by one or two subulate dracts from a quarter to

three-quarters of an inch long. Perianth articulated upon an

annular disc, two inches long or nearly so, fleshy, green, some-

times tinged with purple, infundibuliform: the tube furrowed :

the Zimé of six, moderately spreading, ovate, acute, slightly con-

cave segments. Stamens six: filaments twice as long as the

perianth, erect, subulate, bearing a long, linear, two-celled an-

ther, fixed by the centre of the back, purplish-brown, afterwards

green. Ovary oblong, furrowed, three-celled : ovules in two li-

near rows in each cell. Style as long as the stamens, filiform.

Stigma obscurely three-lobed.

Fig. 1. Young and fully-expanded flower. 2. Section of ovary. 3. Portion

of the margin of the leaf :—magnified.

Tas. 4935.

RHODODENDRON Brooxeanum.

Sir James Brooke's Rhododendron.

Nat. Ord. Erickm.—Dercanpria MOoNoGYNIA.

Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4336.)

Ruopopenpron Brookeanum; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis acutis coriaceis glabris

subtus concoloribus parce squamulosis subsessilibus, umbellis multifloris

laxis, calyce obsoletissimo, corolla (consistentia carnoso-coriacea) lato-infun-

dibuliformi aureo-fulva, tubo elongato basi dilatato superne subcampanulato,

limbo amplo 5-lobo undulato-crispato, staminibus tubi longitudine, antheris

convergentibus, ovario 5-loculari oblongo tomentoso basi annulo 10-lobato

cincto, stylo incluso.

Ruopopenpron Brookeanum. Low, in Journ. of Hort. Soc. Lond. v. 3. p. 82,

cum Ic. p. 83. Gardeners’ Ohron. 1855, p. 404, cum Ie.

A splendid .and_ well-marked Indian Rhododendron, truly

worthy to bear the name of the distinguished Rajah of Sarawak,

Sir James Brooke, more especially being a native of the territory

under the parental sway of that gentleman in Borneo. It is one

of the many new Rhododendrons detected and described by Mr.

Low in that fertile island, and it has been since introduced by

Mr. Thomas Lobb to the nurseries of Messrs. Veitch and Sons,

of the Exeter, and King’s Road, Chelsea, Nurseries, and exhibited

at the Horticultural Shows of 1855, where the plants naturally

attracted much attention. “I shall never forget,” says Mr. Low,

“ the first discovery of this gorgeous plant; it was epiphytal

upon a tree which was growing in the water of a creek. ‘The

head of flowers was very large, arranged loosely, of the richest

golden yellow, resplendent when in the sun ; the habit was grace-

ful, the leaves large. The roots are large and fleshy, not fibrous

as those of the terrestrial Rhododendrons. It is the least com-

mon of all the genus in the island, and has many varieties, which

differ in having larger flowers and leaves, the former of a more

or less red colour. Very high and large trees, in damp forests,

are its favourite haunts.” Our fine specimen here figured was

SEPTEMBER lst, 1856. :

received from Messrs. Veitch in April, 1856. 2. Javanicum

(Tab. 4336), the nearest ally to the present, has broader petio-

lated leaves, more prominent stamens, and the lobes of the corolla

not crisped at the margin.

Descr. A shrub, epiphytal or terrestrial. Branches stout,

dark purple. eaves often ample, from six to nine inches long,

firm, coriaceous, oblong-lanceolate, acute, the margin a little revo-

lute, the very short petiole dark purple, broad and thick: the

colour a full green above, the same or a little paler beneath, but

there sparingly dotted with minute radiated scales. Uméel large,

lax, many-flowered, terminal. Peduncles rather short, glabrous.

Calyx none, quite obsolete. Corol/as between campanulate and

infundibuliform, large, of a full orange or golden-tawny colour:

the texture thick, between fleshy and coriaceous: the ude elon-

gated, dilated at the base, spreading at the mouth and gradually

widening into the large, five-lobed, crisped or undulated /imd.

Stamens ten, as long as the tube: filaments downy at the base:

the anthers linear-oblong, curved and converging over the mouth

of the corolla in a remarkable manner. Ovary oblong, five-celled,

surrounded at the base with a broad, annular, ten-lobed, fleshy

disc (as in R. Javanicum). Style shorter than the stamens.

Stigma large red. :

Figs. 1, 2. Portions of the under side of a leaf, and a separate scale. 3. Sta-

men. 4. Anther. 5. Pistil. 6. Base of ovary and annular disc :—magnified.

Tap. 4936.

RHODODENDRON Epceworruit.

Mr. Edgeworth’s Rhododendron.

Nat. Ord. Ericr#.—DrcanprIa MonoGyntiA.

Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tan. 4336.)

RuopopENDRON Edgeworthii ; frutex seepe epiphytus, ramulis petiolis pedun-

culis capsulis foliisque subtus dense ferrugineo-villoso-tomentosis, foliis

sublonge petiolatis elliptico-ovatis acutis vel acuminatis subcoriaceis ru-

goso-reticulatis basi obtusis supra nitidis marginibus recurvis, pedunculis

2-3 terminalibus v. ab innovationibus lateralibus, floribus speciosis albis,

calycis ampli 5-partiti lobis foliaceis oblongo-obovatis inzequalibus lanu-

ginosis ciliatis, corolle tubo breviusculo late campanulato, limbi maximi

lobis rotundatis venosis crenato-undulatis, staminibus 10 exsertis, fila-

mentis inferne villosis, antheris elongatis, ovario dense tomentoso 5-locu-

lari, stylo gracili basi lanuginoso, capsula oblongo-cylindracea recta obtusa

valvis lignosis. Hook. fil.

RHODODENDRON Edgeworthii. Hook. fil. Rhod. Sik. Himal. tab. 22, et in Journ.

of Hort. Soc. of Lond. v. 7. p..77.

In India Rhododexdrons are found in the temperate regions

of the lofty mountains, as well as in the lowlands of the tropics :

the latter however are chiefly, if not entirely, in the Malayan

Archipelago. Of these we represented a splendid species in

our immediately previous Plate (4935), from the plains of

Sarawak, Borneo. A no less beautiful species, but of another

description, is the subject of our present Plate, a native of the

valleys of the inner ranges of the Sikkim-Himalaya Mountains,

usually pendulous from trees, sometimes from rocks, elevation

7—9000 feet above the sea-level: and this bears the name of ©

the author’s “accomplished and excellent friend P. Edgeworth,

Esq., of the Bengal Civil Service, then Commissioner of Mool-

tan, who has long and successfully studied the botany of Western

Himalaya and of north-western India generally.”

Dr. Hooker justly observes of this, that it is a “truly superb

species, from the size of the flowers and the roseate tinge on a

SEPTEMBER lst, 1856.

white ground,” and it is no less remarkable from the rich fer-

ruginous down on the branches, leaves beneath, stipules, calyx,

etc., and there is a bright play of light on the dark green foliage

occasioned by the prominence of the areoles of the very strong

reticulations. It flowers in a cool greenhouse in May in the

Royal Gardens.

Duscr. A shrub, often pendulous from trees im its native

country ; almost everywhere, except on the large corollas and on

the upper side of the old leaves, densely clothed with a tawny

or ferruginous tomentum, which is easily detached. Leaves, on

moderately long petioles, three to four inches long, ovate-lanceo-

late, rather finely acuminate, very dark blackish-green, glossy

and very strongly and deeply reticulated. /Yowers very large,

showy. Calyz large, of five deep, oval, spreading, membrana-

ceous lobes, tomentose at the back, ciliated at the margins.

Corolla broadly or almost rotately campanulate: the tude short,

gradually spreading into the very ample, five-lobed /imd: the

lobes waved and crenulated: the colour pure white, tinged with

rose and sometimes also with yellow towards the base. Stamens

long, but unequal: filaments hairy at the base: anthers dark

purple. Ovary very hirsutely tomentose, oval, with a lobed disc

at the base: style longer than the stamens: stigma peltate, with

teeth like lobes on its disc.

Fig. 1. Stamen. 2. Pistil and calyx. 8. Transverse section of ovary :—

magnified.

Tas. 4937.

DENDROBIUM AmsoIneEnss.

Long-petaled Amboyna Dendrobium.

Nat. Ord. OncHIDE#.—GyNaNDRIA MoNANDRIA.

Gen. Char. (Vide ‘uel Tas. 4755.)

DENDROBIUM Amboinense ; pseudobulbis elongatis gracilibus subfusiformibus,

folio solitario oblongo, floribus binis lateralibus, sepalis petalisque unifor-

mibus lineari-lanceolatis longissimis, labello (floris ratione) nano trilobo lobis

lateralibus ovato-rotundatis obtusis intermedio subulato.

DeNnpRoBIUM Amboinense. Hort. Rollison.

This remarkable plant, one of the most singular of the many

species of the genus Dendrobium known to us, was discovered

by Mr. Henshall in Amboyna, and imported by Messrs. Rollison,

of Tooting Nursery ; it flowered in the Orchideous stove in June

of the present year (1856). When the plant shall have attained

more health and vigour, there is reason to believe that the

flowers will be more numerous and larger. We hasten to make

known to other Orchid-growers so interesting a species.

_ Dxscr. The leaf-bearing pseudobulbs are not more than three

to four inches long, fusiform and angular, tapering at the base,

the younger ones partially clothed with subfoliaceous scales ; the

leaf itself terminal, solitary, oblong, acute, scarcely coriaceous,

obscurely marked with parallel lines. In age, as it would ap-

pear, these pseudobulbs lengthen, lose their leaf, and become

naked, stem-like, and jointed, tetragonal below, bulbiform at the

very base, four- to six-angled above: from this dry, stem-like

‘ pseudobulb the flowers appear, in pairs, large, cream-white, soon

: _ withering. Petals and sepals scarcely exhibiting any difference

: in size or in shape, linear-lanceolate, at first spreading, ere long

becoming flaccid and closing over the lip. Ladellum small, in

proportion to the rest of the flower, concave, but scarcely spurred

at the base below, three-lobed, lateral lobes broad, ovate, obtuse,

SEPTEMBER lst, 1856.

incurved over the column, the middle lobe subulate ; this lip has

a yellow tinge, and the middle lobe is edged with a narrow,

dark purple line; the concave disc is ocellated with minute, dark

orange spots, and there is a pedicellated gland or fleshy tubercle

near the base, and two lesser pairs of ¢wbercles nearer the middle

lobe. Column short, but decurrent where it unites with the base

of the lip. Anther-case terminal, but sunk into the top of the

column, dwarf and imperfect.

Fig. 1. Labellum in situ, with the side-lobes enfolding the column. 2. The

lip laid open. 3. Column and imperfect anther :-—magnijied.

re]

*«

<3}

Vincent. Broaks Imp

Tas. 4938.

METHONICA virescens.

African Methonica.

Nat. Ord. UvuLar1e#,—Hezxanpria Monoeynia.

Gen. Char. Perigonium corollinum, hexaphyllum, marcescens, foliola subz-

qualia, undulata, caudata, reflexa. Stamina 6, perigonii foliolis basi inserta,

subhorizontalia. Ovarium triloculare. Ovula plurima, biseriata, horizontalia,

anatropa. Sfylus terminalis, oblique declinatus ; stigma trifidum. Capsula sub-

globosa, turbinata, trilocularis, tripartibilis. Semina plurima, biseriata, subglo-

bosa ; desta carnoso-spongiosa, coccinea; raphe filiformi, umbilicum basilarem

chalaze terminali (nigree) jungente. Lméryo in basi albuminis carnosi uncinato-

complicatus, extremitate utraque umbilico proxima.—Herbe scandentes, in Asia

et Africa tropica (et subtropica) indigene ; radice tuberosa ; foliis sparsis sub ra-

mis, oppositis vel ternatim verticillatis, sessilibus, lanceolatis acuminatis v. in.cirrhum

productis ; pedunculis unifloris, axillaribus terminalibusque. Endl.

METHONICA virescens ; petalis late obovato-lanceolatis refractis apicibus acumi-

natis retroflexis supra medium undulatis.

MeErHontca virescens. Kunth, Enum. Plant. v. 4. p. 277. Spreng. Syst. Veget.

c. p. 135.

Guortosa virescens. Lindl. in Bot. Mag. t. 2539, et in Hort. Trans. v. 6. p.

277. Roem. et Sch. Syst. v. 7. p. 366.

GLoriosa superba, 8, Lam. Cycl. v. 4. p. 133. Var. foliis apice tantum undu-

latis. Benth. in Niger Fl. p. 539.

GLortosa simplex. Linn. Mant. 62 (not Don).

GLortosa cerulea. “Mill. Dict. 2.”

GLortosa angulata? “ Schumacher et Thon.”

GLoriosa Abyssinica. Ach. Rich. Fl. Abyss. v. 2. p. 322.

CLINosty.is speciosa. Hochst. in Fiirnr. Flora, 1844, p. 26, et in Schimp. Heri.

Abyss. n. 1437.

_ The reasons for preferring the name Methonica, Herm., to that

of Gloriosa, Linn., are clearly given in a note to our Littonia

modesta (vide supra, Tab. 4723) in the words of Dr. Wallich.

e wish we could consider the name of the present species un-

exceptionable ; it was probably given by Dr. Lindley to a speci-

men (such as that seems to be in the figure of Dr. Sims, l. c.

SEPTEMBER lst, 1856.

‘Tab. 2539), grown in the shade. It possesses, in reality, a

brighter-coloured and more brilliant flower than the much-

vaunted M. superba; and we are anxious that justice should be

rendered to the species in our present Plate. Blossoming at the

same time and in the same stove with J. superba, the differ-

ences are very apparent and constant. In our plant we have

the lamina of the petals broadly obovate ; and these are not only

refracted, but have the suddenly acuminated apices revolute or

retroflexed, and are only undulated at the margins above the

middle; whereas in J/. superba the petals, linear-lanceolate, are

refracted indeed, but straight (not revolute at their apices), and

they are undulato-crisped for their whole length. J/. virescens

is an inhabitant of Senegal, the Congo; we possess it from the

interior of Natal, from Abyssinia, Mozambique, and it seems to

be a native of Madagascar. We find it in gardens named /.

Plantii and M. Leopoldit.

Dxscr. The habit and foliage of this species are quite like

those of J. superba, but the leaves are smaller, mostly cirrhi-

ferous ; when destitute of cirrhi the plant is G. simplex of Lin-

neus. ‘The flowers too have the same general structure as in

M. superba, but they are larger and more showy. ‘The petals

are broadly obovato-spathulate, soon refracted: the apices are

suddenly acuminated and always retroflexed or revolute, and the

upper half only has the margins undulated; the claw and the

lower half are yellow, sometimes with a faint streak of green.

Stamens and pistil (with the curiously geniculated style) as in

the Indian species.

Fig. 1. Section of ovary. 2. Stigmas :—magnified.

Tas. 4939.

SALVIA porpPHYRATA.

Bright red-lowered Sage.

Nat. Ord. Laprat#.—D1anpr1a MONOGYNIA.

Gen. Char. (Vide supra, Tas. 4874.)

Satvia porphyrata; caule erecto inferne adscendente decumbente tetragono

subincano, foliis sublonge petiolatis reniformi-cordatis crenato-lobatis supra

glabriusculis subtus pubescenti-incanis, racemo elongato, verticillastris

4—6-floris, bracteis lanceolato-ovatis parvis, pedicellis brevibus, calyce labio

superiore truncato bidentato (denticulo intermedio obsoleto) inferiore bifido,

corollz pubescentis intenso-coccinez calyce triplo longioris labio superiore

brevi recto bifido, inferiore amplo trilobato, lobis lateralibus ovatis inter-

medio maximo bifido, staminibus exsertis loculis omnibus polliniferis.

SaLvia porphyrata. ‘“ Decaisne, in Rev. Hortic. 4 Sér. vol. 3. p. SOI Ff, 16."

Garden. Chron, 1854, p. 694.

This very pretty Sage was received from Mr. Thomson, of

Ipswich, under the name of Salvia Roemeriana (Scheele, in

Linnea, vol. xxii. p. 586), and consequently as a native of Texas.

The name is unquestionably an error, and thus doubt is natu-

rally thrown upon the locality. From another source we learn

that it bears the name of S. porphyrantha of Decaisne, in a work

which we have not to consult, but it sufficiently accords with the

brief notice of that plant in the ‘Gardeners’ Chronicle ;’ but the

native country seems unknown. The miserable description we

have of S. crenata, Mart. et Gal., a Mexican species, accords

sufficiently with our plant in the leaves and colour of the flowers ;

but it is impossible to decide the point with only two lines of

diagnosis in a genus of considerably above five hundred species.

It is probably not hardy, though it flowers in the open air, in

July ; and it will probably make a valuable bedding-out species,

the plants being humble in stature, and the flowers copious and

SEPTEMBER Ist, 1856.

brilliant. Its leaves in shape very much resemble those of the

Ground Ivy, Glechoma hederacea.

Descr. Planta span or at most a foot high, decumbent be-

low, then erect. Stem and éranches tetragonous, slightly hoary,

purple-green. Leaves all on long footstalks, cordate or between

cordate and reniform, lobato-crenate at the margin, venoso-reti-

culate, glabrous or only slightly downy above, beneath hoary,

indistinctly pilose on the nerves, hair or down mixed with mi-

nute shining points. Raceme terminal, elongate. Whorls four-

to six-flowered (the uppermost two-flowered). Bracteas small,

ovato-lanceolate. Pedicels short. Calyx green, tipped with

deep purple; upper lip plain, truncated, two-toothed, the in-

termediate tooth being obsolete: lower lip bifid, with two, su-

bulate, erect segments. Corolla thrice as long as the calyx, rich

scarlet, downy: the ¢wde compressed, slightly curved or arched :

upper “ip (or galea) short, straight, bifid: lower Zip large, three-

lobed, deflexed, lateral lobes ovate, obtuse, spreading, interme-

diate, subrotundate, cleft. Anthers exserted beyond the galea;

the branches of the connections each bear a polliniferous cell.

Ovaries four, on a large fleshy gland. Stigma unequally bifid.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Stamens. 3. Pistil :—magnified.

4940

mer 414s

HEH

NOR? rte, 23

i Wemtaeprersr eg

treet angina aren

W be

Tas. 4940.

ARGYREIA urrsvta.

Villous. Argyreia.

Nat. Ord. ConvotvuLackr#.—PENTANDRIA MonoGynta.

_Gen. Char. Sepala 5. Corolla campanulata, Stylus 1. Stigma capitatum,

bilobum. Ovarium biloculare (?), 4-spermum. Fructus baccatus, sepalis seepe

intus rubescentibus et induratis cinctus.—Herbe aut suffrutices Indice aut Chi-

nenses (except A.? Abyssinica), vegetationis aspectu spectabiles, plerumque argentee,

sericee aut tomentose. Choisy. ; ;

ARGYREIA (§ Samudra) Airsuta; caule petiolis pedunculis petiolis calycibus co-

rolla tubo pilis patulis strigoso-hirsutis, foliis cordatis mucronatis longe

petiolatis subtus villoso-tomentosis, pedunculis folio longioribus uni-pluri-

floris, floribus subcymosis laxis, bracteis linearibus s. lanceolatis, sepalis

ovatis, corollis magnis speciosis, tubo elongato inferne subinflato, limbo

amplissimo.

Arayrera hirsuta. Wight et Arn. Pug. Pl. Ind. Or. p. 38. Choisy, in De Cand.

Prodr. v. 8. p. 331.

Rrvea hirsuta. Wight, Ic. Plant. Ind. Or. t. 891.

ARGyrEra Choisyana. Hort.

Beautiful as are many of the tropical Bindweeds, we have

rarely seen a more beautiful and striking one than the present,

trained as our plant is along the rafters of a stove, with bright

green, good-sized leaves, peculiarly villous stems, branches, pe-

tioles, ete., and its ample bright lilac corollas. We received it

from the Paris Garden in 1850, under the name of Argyreia

Choisyana, a name which we cannot find in any botanical work

Within our reach; but the plant corresponds in every essen-

tial particular with Argyreia hirsuta of Wight and Arnott in

their ‘ Pugillus,’ and which Dr. Wight afterwards, in his inva-

—luable < Icones,’ figures and describes as Rivea hirsuta. His

reasons for this change are given by the learned author in vol. iv.

of the ‘Tcones,’ under No. 1355, and also his views of reducing

a number of the genera of M. Choisy into one ; in other words,

making Rivea, Argyreia, and Lettsomia to comprise all of the

first section of Convolvulacee, all having indehiscent fruit ; viz.

OCTOBER Ist, 1856.

Rivea, recognized by its four-celled capsule, stigmas two, linear,

cylindrical or lamellate; 4rgyreia, ovary four-celled, stigmas

capitately two-lobed; Leftsomia, ovary two-celled, cells two-

seeded, stigmas capitately two-lobed. With this view of the

genera the plant under consideration will revert to Argyreia.

Descr. A climbing plant of very great extent, the herbaceous

portion of the stem and branches, the petioles, peduncles, bracts,

calyx, and tube of the corolla excessively «villous, with long,

spreading hairs ; dranches terete. Leaves large, exactly cordate,

tipped with a soft mucro, bright green above and scarcely hairy,

the margin and whole surface beneath clothed with pale down

intermixed with appressed hairs, abundant on the numerous reti-

culated, prominent nerves. Peduncle long and twisted, generally

longer than the petiole, bearing, according to the strength and

vigour of the plant, one or more flowers ; in the latter case sub-

cymose, lax (not compact or capitate). Bracts in opposite pairs,

some distance from the calyx, linear or lanceolate. Sepals ovate,

somewhat imbricated, erect and appressed. Corolla very large,

of a beautiful deep lilac colour, subhypocrateriform rather than

campanulate ; the fuée long, a little contracted below the limb;

the /imd ample, spreading almost horizontally, indistinctly five-

lobed, the broad lobes emarginate in the centre, the edge a

little undulated. Stamens quite included within the tube. Ovary

sunk into a large, fleshy, hypogynous disc. Sfy/e filiform. Stagma

capitate, bilobed, /odes granulated.

Fig. 1. Pistil :—magnified.

We take the opportunity of remarking here that Mr. Moore has obligingly

assured us that seeds of Salvia porphyrata (Tab. 4939) were undoubtedly received

from Texas along with those of other Texian plants, such as Gaura Lindhei-

meriana, Ungnadia speciosa, etc. .

VBith dd «ith

Vincent Brodks [ny

Tas. 4941.

LYSIMACHIA NUTANS.

Drooping- flowered Lysimachia.

Nat. Ord. Primutacez.—PENTANDRIA Monoeynia.

Gen. Char. Calyx quinquepartitus. Corolla quinquepartita, subrotata campa-

nulatave, calyce longior, tubo minimo. Stamina 5, basi corolle inserta : filamenta

in quibusdam basi connata ; filamenta sterilia interdum totidem ac fertilia: an-

there oblonge. Capsula globosa, 5—10-valvis, apice dehiscens, polysperma.—

Herbee plerumgue perennes ; foliis alternis oppositis vel verticillatis integerrimis ;

floribus azillaribus racemosis, spicatis aut paniculatis. Duby.

Lysrmacuta (§ Ephemerum) nutans ; caule erecto subsimplici, foliis oppositis

ternisve lanceolatis integris margine subsinuatis acuminatis glaberrimis basi

in petiolum brevem coarctatis, floribus racemosis terminalibus primo congestis

demum per florescentiam laxis, bracteolis lineari-subulatis pedicellis subduplo

minoribus, calycis tubulosi 5-angularis 5-partiti corolla subtriplo brevioris

laciniis lanceolato-linearibus obtusis, corolle tubuloso-campanulata lobis

lanceolato-spathulatis apice eroso-denticulatis, staminibus sequalibus exsertis,

stylo subulato. Duby.

Lysrmacata nutans. Nees ab Esenb. Del. Sem. Hort. Bonn. 1831. De Cand.

Prodr. v. 8. p. 61.

Lystmacnra atropurpurea. Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 180 (not Linn. et auct., nor the

plant there quoted of Commelin).

Lusrnta atropurpurea. Link ef Otto, Hort. Ber. t. 21. Sweet, Fl. Gard. Ser. 2.

v. 1. ¢. 84,

Coxta. Endl. Gen. p. 733.

A South African plant of comparatively recent discovery, having

been found in marshy mountains of the Cape district by Ecklon

and Zeyher and by Drege, and introduced to the gardens of this

country. It was confounded by Link and Otto and Sweet with

the Mauritian genus ZLubinia; but it seems clearly to belong

to the “Ephemerum ” section of Zysimachia, however different

from other species of the genus in the size and colour of the

flowers. It blossoms in July, and bears the open air well in

summer; but the root requires shelter in the winter. The spe-

OCTOBER Ist, 1856.

cific name zuéans is hardly applicable, for it is only in the young

state of the raceme that it droops.

Drscr. Perennial, glabrous. Stem erect, obscurely four-angled,

bearing a few opposite branches. Leaves opposite, lanceolate,

shortly acuminate, tapering into an imperfect fooéstalk, which is

semi-amplexicaul, penninerved, paler, and minutely dotted be-

neath. Aaceme terminal, spicate, at first drooping, afterwards erect,

many-flowered. Pedicels very short, bracteated ; bracteas small,

linear-lanceolate. Calyx cut almost to the base into five linear-

oblong, obtuse, erect segments. Corolla large in proportion to

the calyx, in shape campanulato-infundibuliform, but cut into

five very deep, oblong-cuneate /odes, erose or jagged at the extre-

mity ; the colour a deep bright reddish-purple, the short tube mi-

nutely dotted within. Stamens inserted at the edge of the tube,

five, equal: filaments much exserted, erect, minutely dotted,

purple: anther oval, almost black. Ovary small, subrotund.

Style thick, subulate, about half the length of the corolla.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Pistil, with a portion of the corolla and stamens.

3. Transverse section of ovary :—magnified.

4D42

Witch delet lith.

Vincent Brooks Imp

Tas. 4942.

CODONOPSIS rorunpiFro.Lia.

Round-leaved Codonopsis.

Nat. Ord. CampanuLace®.—Pentanpria Monoeynta.

Coponopsts, Wall., Endl.—Gen. Char. Calyx tubo hemispherico, cum ovario

connato, limbo semisupero quinquelobo. Corolla summo calycis tubo inserta,

carnosula, campanulata, apice quinqueloba. Stamina 5, cum corolla inserta : fila-

mentis basi sublatioribus antherisque liberis. Ovarium inferum, triloculare. Ovula

in placentis ex angulo centrali loculorum plurima, anatropa. Stylus inclusus ;

stigmata 3, ovata, crassa. Capsula hemispheerica, trilocularis, apice acuto, loculi-

cido-trivalvis. Semina plurima, ovoideo-cylindrica. Embryo in axi albuminis

carnosi orthotropus ; cotyledonibus brevissimis ; radicula umbilico proxima, centri-

peta.—Herbee in India septentrionali monticole, sepius glaberrime ; caulibus e

caudice lignoso adscendentibus, plerumque volubilibus ; foliis alternis v. oppositis,

petiolatis, crenatis, subtus glaucescentibus v. incanis ; floribts axillaribus terminali-~

busque pedunculatis, luteo- v. ceruleo-virescentibus v. purpureis. Endl.

Coponorsts rotundifolia ; pilosula, caule volubili, foliis plerisque oppositis pe-

tiolatis ovatis subrotundatisve crenato-serratis, pedunculis terminalibus soli-

tariis unifloris petiolo multo longioribus, calycis tubo hemisphzrico sulcato

lobis late oblongo-ovatis foliaceis obtusis subdentatis patentibus tubo multo

longioribus, corolla lobis calycinis sublongioribus urceolato-subgloboso-cam-

panulata, lobis triangularibus patentibus, capsula basi rotundata.

Coponopsis rotundifolia. Benth. in Royle, Lilustr. Bot. Himal. p. 254. ¢. 62.

WAHLENBERGIA (§ Megasanthes) rotundifolia. De Cand. Prodr. v. 7. p. 425.

Dr. Hooker, in his account of three species of Codonopsis, in

his splendid ‘Illustrations of Himalayan Plants,’ proposes to unite

Campanumea, Blume, and the first section of De Candolle’s

Vi ahlenbergia (§ Megasanthes) with Codonopsis, as defined by

De Candolle; and we think with much justice, notwithstanding

the variable position of the calyx relatively to the ovary or cap-

sule. That our plant is the same as Dr. Royle’s we have quite —

satisfied ourselves ; but the leaves are never so rotundate in our

Specimens, whether wild or cultivated, and his figure being drawn

probably and coloured from dried specimens, the flowers are

very faulty both in form, size, and colour. Our plants in the

Royal Gardens were derived from seeds sent by Dr. Royle from

imalaya.

OCTOBER lst, 1856.

Descr. A long, slender, climbing, annual (?), slightly hairy in

all the herbaceous portion. Zeaves petiolated, opposite or rarely

alternate, ovate, rather obtuse, sometimes approaching to cor-

date, sometimes subrotund, more or less coarsely crenato-serrate,

penniveined, slightly reticulated. Peduncles terminal, slender,

single-flowered. ower large, not much unlike that of Atropa

Belladonna. Calyx with a hemispherical, sulcated tube, which

is incorporated with the greater part of the ovary: the /imé con-

sists of five, large, foliaceous, oblong-ovate, entire or nearly entire

segments, which spread horizontally or are eventually reflexed,

obscurely three-nerved. Corolla large, urceolato-globose, campa-

nulate, the ¢wbe inflated: the /iméd of five, spreading, triangular

segments ; the colour yellowish-green, veined with dark purple.

Stamens quite included, short : filaments subulate, much dilated

at the base: anther linear-oblong. Ovary, the lower half (ad-

herent with the calyx) hemispherical, sulcated; the upper half

depressed, but in the centre conical, and tapering into the short

style: s¢zgmas three-lobed, lobes very large, oval, glandular, exter-

nally glandulose.

Fig. 1. Ovary and stamens :—magnified.

‘é

Vincent Brooks Imp :

Tas. 4943.

OROBUS FiscHert.

Dr. Fischer's Bitter-Vetch.

Nat. Ord. LeGumMInos#®.—DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA.

Gen. Char. Calyx campanulatus, 5-fidus, lobis 2 superioribus brevioribus.

Corolla papilionacea. Stamina diadelpha. Stylus gracilis, linearis, apice villosus.

Legumen cylindricum, oblongum, uniloculare, bivalve, polyspermum. Semina hilo

lineari—Herbee erecta. Stipulee semisagittate. Petioli in setam brevem simpli-

cem desinentes. Folia abrupte pinnata, paucijuga. Racemi avillares, pedunculati.

De Cand.

Orosus Fischeri ; ‘glabriusculus, caule erecto gracili parce ramoso, foliis unijugis,

petiolo perbrevi, foliolis linearibus brevi-acuminatis, stipulis auriculaque

subulatis, racemis multifloris pedunculatis secundis, “leguminibus reticu-

lato-venosis 6-7-spermis, seminibus subrotundis fuscis.”

Orosus Fischeri, Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. v. 3. t. 289. Walp. Rep. Bot. Syst. v. 1.

p. 123.

Orosus atropurpureus. Fisch, MSS. (an Desf. Pl. Ail. 7)

‘“OROBELLA vicioides. Presl, de Orobella, 8. t. 4. p. $8.”

That this pretty Orodus is the O. Fischeri of Mr. Sweet there

can be no question. It was introduced to our gardens by the

late Robert Barclay, Esq., of Bury Hill, through seeds sent by

Dr. Fischer under the name of O. atropurpurea of Desf., and it

is doubtful if it be not a mere variety of that plant, having the

leaves reduced to one pair of leaflets. That seems the only diffe-

rence, but that is constant in the cultivated samples: and it is a

plant that deserves a place in our gardens, is perfectly hardy, and

a free-flowerer, and the flowers are highly coloured. Being sent

from Russia by Dr. Fischer, Mr. Sweet considers that it is of

Russian origin ; but there is no such plant in Ledebour’s ‘ Flora

Rossica,’ and the probability is that its native country 1s the same

as that of O. atropurpureus, viz. the south of Italy and opposite

coast of Africa.

Duscr. Stem erect, four-sided, more or less branched, slender

and twiggy. Leaves on very short petioles, consisting of a single

pair of narrow, linear, acuminated /eaflets, with a mucro between

OCTOBER Ist, 1856.

them ; they are longitudinally veined, and have a silky pubescence

beneath. Stipules small, subulate, with a subulate lobe or awn

at the base, and with a slight depression at the back, where it is

set on to the stem. Peduncles solitary, axillary, about as long as

the leaves, bearing a raceme of eight or ten or more pendent,

secund flowers, an inch long, of a very rich bright purple-red

colour. Pedice/s short. Calyz also short in proportion to the

length of the corolla: upper lip of two short teeth, dower with

three teeth or lobes, of which the middle one is longer than the

lateral ones, all erect and appressed against the corolla, silky-

green, tinged with purple. Vewillum large in proportion to the

rest of the flower, veined, notched at the apex. Wings deeper

coloured than the rest of the flower. Staminal tube very long :

one stamen free. Ovary linear, compressed, stipitate : s¢y/e with

a brush of hairs beneath the stigma.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Vexillum. 3. One of the ale. 4. Carina. 5. Stamens.

6, Pistil :—2magnified.

Tas. 4944.

DENDROBIUM Fatconert

Dr. Falconer’s Dendrobium.

Nat. Ord. Oncu1pE®.—GyYNANDRIA MONANDRIA.

Gen. Char. (Vide supra, TAB. 4755.)

Drxprostum (§ Dendrocoryne) Falconeri; caulibus hic illic ramosis elongatis

pendulis gracilibus striatis articulatis geniculis nodosis, foliis paucis parvis

1-3 terminalibus linearibus, pedicellis solitariis unifloris, floribus amplis

speciosis, sepalis oblongo-lanceolatis subtortilibus petalisque ovatis eequilon-

gis patentibus apice purpureo-maculatis, labello cucullato limbo vix trilobo

ovato acuto undulato integerrimo ciliato disco aurantiaco basi apiceque pur-

pureis, caleare brevissimo.

The sample here figured is only part ‘of a stem, which was

3-4 feet long, with upwards of sixty flowers upon it, and which

continued twelve or fourteen days in perfection, was sent to us

by George Reid, Esq., of Burnham, Somerset, with the remark

that the plant was imported in April of the present year from

the mountains of Bootan, elevation 4000 feet, under the name of

Dendrobium Falconeri, and purchased at an auction in London.

It certainly is among the most lovely of the genus, and very dis

tinct from any species we know ; nearest akin to the Dendrobium

Macarthie of our friend Thwaites (Bot. Mag. t. 4866).*

Dr. Lindley considers the species to be entirely new, to belong

to his section of the genus Dendrocoryne, and to come near D.

fetragonum of All. Cunn. in Bot. Reg. 1839, Misc. 30, and 1841,

Mise. 8.

Duscr. Stem, rather than pseudobulb, long, slender, branched,

pendulous, jointed, the joints contracted in the middle, and con-

sequently nodose at their point of junction, striated. Leaves few,

*In the description accompanying that plate it was carelessly omitted to be

mentioned that both the drawing and description were sent by our excellent friend

Mr. Thwaites, who is the author of the name.

OCTOBER Ist, 1856.

1-3, terminal, very small and insignificant, lmear. Flowers

large, copious upon the branches. Pedwacles solitary, arising

from a geniculation, slender, single-flowered. Sepais spreading,

_ oblong-lanceolate, somewhat twisted, acuminate, pale rose-colour,

tipped with dark purple. Peta/s equal in length with sepals,

but much broader, ovate, acute rather than acuminate, white-

tipped, with a broad patch of deep purple spreading horizontally.

Lip \arge, cucullate; the Zimd or /amina obscurely 3-lobed, cor-

date, acute, waved; the ground-colour white, the disc orange-

yellow, with a large central dark-purple spot, another on the

under side corresponding with it, and with the same colour at

the tip; the margin is quite entire, but fringed or ciliated. Spur

short. Column short, but decurrent with the spur. Anther-case

oblong, hemispherical, downy.

Fig. 1. Column and anther :—magnified.

Tas. 4945.

MUCUNA prorira.

Kast Indian Cow-itch or Cowage.

Nat. Ord. Lecum1nos#.—D1apDELPHIA DECANDRIA.

Gen. Char. Calyx campanulatus, bilabiatus; labia inferiore trifido, laciniis acutis

medio productiore ; /abio superiore latiore integro obtuso. Corolle vewil luim a

surgens, alis carinaque brevius, alee oblonge carine longitudine ; carina o b ong,

recta, acuta. Stamina diadelphia ; antheris 5 oblongo-linearibus, 5 ovatis hirsutis.

Legumen oblongum, torosum, bivalve, septis cellulosis. Semina subrotunda, hilo

lineari circulariter cincta——Herbee aut frutices longe scandentes. Folia pinnato-

trifqliolata. Racemi asxillares, fructiferi sepius penduli. Legumina sepius his-

pida, pilis innumeris fragilissimis cutem facile penetrantibus et ideo urentibus. De

Cand.

Mucuna (§ Stizolobium) prurita; perennis, ramis pubescentibus y. parce hir-

sutis, foliolis ovatis supra glabris subtus pilis raris sericeis adspersis, race-

mis densis folio brevioribus longe pedunculatis nutantibus, calyce ad medium

bilabiato adpresse pilosis labii inferioris laciniis lato-lanceolatis, leguminibus

curvatis pilis rigidis prurientibus vestitis, valvis medio non carinatis. Wight

et Arn.

Mucuna prurita. Hook. Bot. Misc. v. 2. p. 848. Suppl. t. 13. (M. pruriens,

Wight.) Wight et Arn. Prodr. Fl. Penins. Ind. Or. p. 255.

Mucouna pruriens. Wall. Cat. n. 5616. Wight. Cat. n. 155.

Carpopogon pruriens. Roxb. Fl. Ind. p. 383 (excl. syn. Linn.).

Cacara pruritus. Rumph. Amb. 6. p. 393. t. 142.

Nat Corana. Rheede, Malad. 8. p. 61. t. 65.

There is something very peculiar in the great thyrsiform

drooping racemes, with large blackish-purple flowers, hanging

at the extremity of the long peduncles from the branches of this

extensive climber, as seen in the stove of the Palm-house at Kew

during the summer months, and looking like bunches of large

black grapes. This is one of the species of Cowage or Cow-tich,

of which two are considered to yield the substance known

under that name, celebrated as an anthelmintic, viz. the present,

OCTOBER Ist, 1856.

a native of the East Indies, and M. pruriens, derived from

the West Indies. The two were for a long time confounded.

De Candolle threw some doubt upon their identity, and Dr.

Wight and ourselves, in the Bot. Misc. 1. c., pointed out the diffe-

rence. M/. pruriens is figured by Dr. Lindley in the Bot. Reg.

1838. tab. 18. The seeds of our plant were brought by Dr.

Hooker from India. As we had not the opportunity of seeing

the flowers and fruit in perfection, we copy Dr. Wight’s descrip-

tion from the Bot. Misc. It seems a common species in most

parts of India, especially about Madras.

Derscr. Stems suftruticose, twining, branched; Jdranches

rounded, hairy. etioles much enlarged at the base, six to eight

inches long, cylindrical, hairy. Leaves ternate (trifoliolate), middle

leaftet rhomboideo-elliptical, obtuse (scanty in our plant), mucro-

nate; /ateral ones much dilated on the outside, and also mucro-

nate, on short, thick, rusty, tomentose s/alks ; above, nearly gla-

brous; below, silvery, from short appressed white hairs ; the veins

very prominent beneath. Stipules filiform-subulate, those of the

leaflets much smaller. Racemes pedunculated, axillary, pendulous,

much shorter than the petioles, thyrsoid. Mowers large, dark

purple. Pedicels in threes, short, arising from a small thick

tubercle. Calya pubescent, two-lipped ; upper lip entire, obtuse ;

under one three-cleft, the lobes acute. Corolla: vevillum not half

the length of the keel, varying in colour from dirty white to pale

(or deep) purple ; wings rather shorter than the keel, dark purple ;

keel cylindrical to near the end, where it suddenly curves up-

wards and terminates in a sharp spinous point. Stamens dia-

delphous ; anthers alternately linear and globular. Pistil : ger-

men short, hairy ; style filiform, pubescent for its whole length ;

stigma subcapitate. Legume three to four inches long, and bent

at the extremities, three-quarters of an inch to an inch, or very

nearly so, broad, slightly compressed on the valves, not at all

carinated, contracted between the seeds, and hence subtorulose,

entirely covered with a thick coating of erect, white, prurient

hairs, which usually turn black in drying, and brown in maturity.

Seeds four or five, oval, not bound by a circular, linear Ac/um,

but attached to a large, lateral funiculus. R. Wight.

Fig. 1. Pistil :—magnified.

4940,

™ #

ase : a

snes sX AAEM NTA M OAS aN S, “rn tern,

Pest as

Lun.

Witch del.ct |

Tan. 4946.

PELARGONIUM Enp.LicHERIANUM.

Endlicher’s Crane’s-bill.

Nat. Ord. GrranracE®.—MoNADELPHIA.

Gen. Char. Calyx 5-partitus, lacinia suprema in calear seu tubulum nectari-

ferum tenuem secus pedunculum decurrentem et huic adnatum. Pefala 5, ra-

rius 4, plus minus irregularia. Filamenta 10, inaequalia, monadelpha, 4-7 tan-

tum fertilia, cetera castrata.— Species omnes, paucis exceptis, ad Caput Bonze Spei

crescunt,

_PEetarconium Endlicherianum; molliter pubescens, rhizomate polycephalo crasso,

caulibus simplicibus erectis, foliis radicalibus reniformibus grosse crenatis

summis ultra medium quinquefidis, umbella longe pedunculata 3-8-flora,

petalorum posticis duobus maximis obovato-cuneatis subtruncatis repando-

undulatis roseis venis 5 ramosis purpureis, anticis tribus inzequalibus calyce

dimidio brevioribus oblongis integris v. 3-5-fidis, staminibus declinato-ad-

scendentibus glabris basi monadelphis, fertilibus sterilia dimidio superanti-

bus. Fenzl.

PrLarcontum Endlicherianum. “ Fenzl, Nov. Stirp. Pugill.v.1.p.6. Abbildungen

und Beschreibungen Seltn. Pflnzn. t. 3. Atlas zu Russeger’s Reise, Hft. 2.

t. 3.” Walp. Repert. Bot. v. 2. p. 820. Walp. Ann. Bot. v. 1. p. 141.

The genus Pelargonium was rightly separated by L’Heéritier

from Geranium ; and the numerous species were long believed to

be peculiar, not only to the southern hemisphere, but to the Cape

Colony. Of late years however South Australia and the South-

Sea Islands have yielded a few species; and more recently still

the western Taurus has afforded the very handsome species here

represented. I regret that I have not access to Fenzl’s works,

where this plate is figured and described, nor to the travels of

Russeger, where a figure is also quoted; so that I am unable

to take advantage of any information given there, beyond the

specific character copied into Walpers. We received seeds from

the Botanic Garden of Copenhagen, from which plants were

raised, that flowered in a cool greenhouse in July, 1856.

Descr. Rootstock “large.” Stems several from the same root,

erect, simple, terete, herbaceous, soft with fine down, which in-

vests all the plant, petals excepted, slightly swollen at the joints.

NOVEMBER lst, 1856.

Leaves few, radical ones upon long stalks, caulne ones on

shorter stalks, all of them cordate, plicate, with a deep sinus,

obscurely five-lobed, lobes duplicato-crenate. Stipules subtri-

angular, brown, membranous. Peduncles long, terminal, stout.

Umébel terminal, of many, large, deep rose-coloured flowers. Pe-

dicels decurved in bud, erect in flower, about one and a half inch

long, thickened upwards by the decurrent nectary. Calya of

five, spreading, lanceolate sepals. Two of the five petals are

very large, erect, obcordate, waved, marked with five, branched,

deep-purple nerves: three lower petals extremely minute,

smaller than the sepals, oblong, obtuse, unguiculate, erect.

Stamens standing forward, ten, unequal: filaments long, purple,

monadelphous at the base. Ovary five-lobed, oblong, hirsute.

Style as long as the stamens, glabrous. Stigmas five, linear.

Fig. 1. Petals and pistil :—magnified. *

At Tas. 4918, we have stated that our Aristolochia Thwaitesii is a native of

Ceylon ; but our excellent friend Mr. Thwaites says that there is some error in

this ; and we have reason to believe that the label attached belonged to some

other plant :—-we think the plant is possibly of Chinese origin. We have never,

however, seen it but in a state of cultivation, and have no certain clue to its

native country.

: - P ’ a 3 ' \ |

g = sp te EERIE eg, Kf

ata.

del.

Tas. 4947.

MORICANDIA RambBurit.

Rambur’s Moricandia.

Nat. Ord. CruciFER®.—TETRADYNAMIA SILIQUOSA.

Gen. Char. Calyx tetraphyllus, clausus, foliolis lateralibus basi saccatis. Co-

rolle petaia 4, hypogyna, indivisa. Stamina 6, hypogyna, tetradynama, libera,

edentula. Siligua bivalvis, elongato-linearis, compressa vel compresso-tetragona,

valvis planis vel carinatis, septo membranaceo, s/ylo compresso, aspermo vel ra-

rlus monospermo. Semina plurima, ovata, pendula, biseriata, immarginata, levia.

Embryonis exalbuminosi cotyledones canaliculato-complicate, radiculam adscen-

dentem includentes.—Herbe in Europa et Africa Mediterranea indigene, annue

vel biennes, aut basi suffruticosa perennes, glabre, plerumque subglauce ; caulibus

erectis, teretibus, ramosis, albicantibus ; foliis crassiusculis, integerrimis, sinuato-

dentatis vel multifidis ; racemis terminalibus, laxis, aphyllis, pedicellis filiformibus,

Sructiferis strictis ; floribus majusculis, purpurascentibus. Endl.

Moricanp1a Ramburii ; foliis subcarnosis glabris, radicalibus late ovatis obtu-

sissime sinuato-dentatis, caulinis cordato-amplexicaulibus, calyce valde bi-

saccato, sepalis exterioribus in mucronem attenuatis interiora superantibus,

siliquis longissimis, valvis multinerviis, seminibus uniserialibus compressis

7 anguste marginatis. Boiss.

Mortcanpra Ramburii. Webb, it. Hisp. p. 78.

Brassica moricandioides. Boiss. El. n.12. Voy. Bot. en Espagne, p. 34. t. 8.

___A pretty, hardy, perennial, Spanish plant, found in the moun-

tains of Granada, at an elevation of two to three thousand feet

above the sea-level, generally in clefts of rocks, by Messrs. Webb

and Rambur, and Boissier. Mr. Webb refers the plant to J/ori-

candia, Boissier to Brassica, for he combines this latter genus of

Linnzus, together with Moricandia, Diplotazis, and Hruca, of

De Cand., and Erucastrum, Spenn., all into one. Both our au-

thors allude to the close affinity of our plant with Moricandia

arvensis, L., from which at first sight it can scarcely be distin-

ished, though truly distinct in its larger and more pointed

eaves, larger flowers, in the deeply bisaccate calyx and the form

of the exterior sepals, in the longer and larger pods, and especially

in the uniseriate seeds, twice as large as those of MZ. arvensis.

_ NOVEMBER Ist, 1856.

Descr. Stem one to two feet high, branched, suffruticose

below. Leaves large, glaucous green; lower ones the largest,

broadly obovate, petiolate, cauline ones gradually smaller and

sessile, while the upper ones are small and cordato-amplexicaul ;

all with a rather acute apex or point. acemes terminal on the

branches, many-flowered ; pedicels slender. Calyx with the se-

pals erect ; two opposite ones deeply bisaccate ; the other two op-

posite ones longer, and tapering into a subulate mucronate point.

Stamens six, tetradynamous. Ovary elongated, linear. Style

short. Stigma capitate, decurrent on two opposite sides. “ Si-

fique three to four inches long. Seeds uniserial, compressed,

with a narrow margin, and emarginate at the apex.”

Fig. 1. Flower, from which the petals are removed. 2. Stamens and pistil.

3. Very young —— :—magnified.

Tas. 4948.

GALIPEA MACROPHYLLA.

Large-leaved Galipea.

Nat. Ord. Rutack#.—PENTANDRIA MonoGyYNIA.

Gen. Char. Calyx brevis, 5-dentatus. Petala 5, in corollam hypocrateriformem

coalitis, seu valde approximata, tubo brevi pentagono, lobis patentibus acutis.

Stamina 4—7, hypogyna, petalis subadheerentia, ineequalia, interdum omnia fertilia,

sepius 2 majora antherifera, 2-5 breviora sterilia. Nectarium cupuliforme.

Styli 5 in unicum mox coalita et stigma 4—-5-sulcum constituentes. Carpella 5

aut abortu pauciora, biovulata, obtusa, cocculiformia, sessilia, endocarpio separabili.

Semina abortu solitaria. Cotyledones magne, corrugate, biauriculate.—Frutices

glabri. Folia alterna, simplicia aut plurifoliolata ; foliolis oblongis, acuminatis.

Pedunculi avillares, multiflori. De Cand.

GALIPEA macrophylla ; foliis simplicibus ovali-oblongis petiolatis basi rotundatis

subtus glandulis nigris opacis punctulatis, trunco simplici tenui, florum

racemis erectis, staminibus 7, fertilibus 2.

GaLIPEa macrophylla. St. Hil. MSS. De Cand. Prodr. v. 1. p. 731.

ConcHocarpus macrophyllus. Mikan, Del. Fl. Bras. v. 1. t. 1, 2. Nees et

Mart. Now. Act. Bonn. v. 11. p. 160. t. 18. f. 5.

Rapurta conchocarpus. Schult. Mant. v. 1. p. 126.

Scruris simplicifolia. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 39.

OBENTONIA castrata. Velloz. Fl. Flum. v. 1. t. 46.

ERytHRocuiTon macrophyllum. Makoy, Cat.

A Brazilian stove-plant, received from Mr. Makoy under the

name of Hrythrochiton* macrophyllum. No doubt it is very

closely allied to that genus, nevertheless it differs in several im-

portant particulars, and we see no reason for separating it from

Galipea, where De Candolle has placed it. It has, however,

* Dr. Planchon (Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. IIT. t. 19. p. 76) justly observes :—“ On

a jusqu’ici décrit'les fleurs de ? Erythrochiton brasiliensis comme pourvues de cing

étamines égales et fertiles. Ce caractére n’est pas constante, en effet, sur deux

exemplaires. . . . Nous avons vu tantot cing étamines fertiles, tantot quatre seule-

ment, la cinquitme transformée en une longue languette.” We have now before

us a flower of the plant without one fertile stamen: there are four sterile short

filaments, and one extended into a long sterile “ languette.”

NOVEMBER Ist 1856.

borne no less than six different generic names; and we cannot

but think the Maudinia of Planchon, in the volume of ‘Annales’

referred to in the foot-note below (p. 79), too nearly allied to

this.

Descr. Stem in our plant scarcely a foot high, erect, simple,

rather slender, bearing several long-petioled, simple Jeaves (or

rather unifoliolate compound leaves): these /eafleis are elliptic or

elliptic-oblong, three to ten or twelve inches long, obtuse, sub-

coriaceous, very obtuse or rotundate at the base, glabrous, penni-

nerved, beneath dotted with very minute brown dots ; petiole long,

terete, ‘swollen at the very base, and again at the apex, when the

leaf or leaflet is jointed on the petiole. Peduncle lateral, supra-

axillary, longer than the leaves, bearing an interrupted speke or

raceme of pale rose-coloured or white flowers. Flowers two or

three from the same point, on very short pedicels, with a leafy

bractea at their base. Calyx small, tubular-cup-shaped, with five —

obscure teeth. Petals five, united by their claws into a subhy-

pocrateriform corolla; the fude straight; /imd oblique, of five,

hnear-oblong, spreading segments. Stamens, two perfect, in-

cluded: anthers large, oblong-sagittate ; three elongated, much

exserted, fleshy sterile filaments range with the two fertile ones, —

and two rather smaller ones have their origin higher up in the

tube. Ovaries five, enclosed in an hypogynous toothed cup.

Styles combined into one. Stigma capitate.

Fig. 1. Stamens. 2. Pistil and hypogynous eup :—magnyjied.

ViFitch del. & lith

Vincent Brodks imp.

Tas. 4949.

HYPERICUM osptonGirouiuM.

Oblong-leaved St. John’s-wort.

Nat. Ord. HypericIneE#—PoLYADELPHIA.

Gen. Char. Calyx pentaphyllus vel quinquepartitus, laciniis imbricatis sequali-

bus vel duabus exterioribus majoribus. Corolle petala 5, hypogyna, calycis folio-

lis equalia, zequilatera vel plus minus inzequilatera, zestivatione imbricato-convo-

luta. Stamina plurima, hypogyna, in phalanges 3 vel 5 collecta aut irregulariter

polyadelpha, rarius libera, rarissime definita; fi/amenta filiformia; anthere introrse,

biloculares, didymz, longitudinaliter dehiscentes. Ovariwm sessile, nunc unilocu-

lare, placentis ad suturas tribus vel quinque parietalibus, vel in introflexis carpi-

diorum marginibus porrectis, nunc 3—5-loculare, marginibus introflexis ad axim

revolutis plus vel minus coalitis. Ovula plurima, rarissime subdefinita, bi-plu-

riseriata, horizontalia, anatropa. Styli 3 vel 5, filiformes, liberi vel basi plus

minus coaliti; stigmata capitata. Capsula 1-3-5-locularis, rarissime indehiscens,

subbaccata, alias septicide 3—5-valvis, placentis suturalibus valvarum marginibus

adhzerentibus vel solutis, vel centralibus in columnam indivisam vel partibilem

coalitis. Semina in loculis plurima, rarissime pauca, vel abortu solitaria, cylin-

drico-oblonga, recta vel ineurva ; ¢esta crustacea, scrobiculata, nucleum arcte ves-

tiens, vel laxa, reticulato-cellulosa, nucleum multo minorem includens, endopleure

membranacez strato interiore subcornoso. Embryo exalbuminosus, orthotropus,

cylindricus ; cotyledonibus brevibus, obtusis, radicula umbilico proxima.—Herbe

vel suffrutices, in regionibus temperatis et calidioribus totius orbis, maximo numero

in temperatis calidioribus hemisphere borealis crescentes ; foliis oppositis, petio-

latis, sessilibus vel amplericaulibus, integerrimis vel interdum subserrulatis, sepis-

sime pellucido-punctatis, stipulis nullis; floribus solitariis, cymosis, corymbosis,

paniculatis vel rarius umbellatis, flavis. Endl.

Hypertcum (§ Ascyria) oblongifolium ; fruticosum, ramosum, ramis_teretibus,

foliis sessilibus ovatis seu oblongo-ovatis obtusis minute pellucido-punctatis

subtus glaucis, corymbis amplis di-trichotome divisis multifloris foliosis (fo-

liis parvis), calycis sepalis basi coalitis obovatis concavis subineequalibus

denticulatis, petalis magnis inequilateris subrotundatis hine margine denti-

culatis, staminibus numerosissimis pentadelphis, stylis 5 liberis apice recur-

vatis.

Hypericum oblongifolium. Choisy, Prodr. Hyper. p. 42. t. 4. Wall. Plant. Rar.

Asiat. v. 3. t. 244. De Cand. Prodr. v. 1. p. 545.

A truly lovely hardy shrub, with evergreen foliage, and large

handsome yellow blossoms; a native of northern India, Nepal,

NOVEMBER Ist, 1856.

and the Himalayas, at elevations of from 6—12,000 feet. Mr.

William Lobb found it on hills about Mufflong, Assam, and

introduced it to the nursery of Messrs. Veitch and Son at Exeter

and Chelsea. We think that so ornamental a plant will soon

find its way into every garden and every shrubbery. Neither of

the two figures we have quoted does justice to the beauty of

this plant.

Dzscr. A small, rather compact shrvd, with red-brown terete

woody branches. eaves, among the largest of the genus, two

to four inches long, evergreen, exactly ovate or approaching to

oblong, sessile, obtuse, minutely pellucido-punctate, penninerved,

dark green above, pale and glaucous beneath, and dotted, even

when not held between the eye and the light. Corymés large,

terminal on the branches, bearing copious, large and rich, almost

golden-yellow flowers ; the dranches of the panicle are di- or tri-

chotomous, leafy, but the leaves gradually smaller and subbrac-

teiform as they approach the flowers, all opposite. Calyz of five

large, lax, obovate, concave sepals, united at their base, the

somewhat membranous margin denticulate. Petals very large,

subrotund, but more or less obliquely cuneate and ineequilateral,

imbricated, concave, rather firm, the margin more or less entire

or denticulate. Stamens very numerous, collected into five pha-

langes or bundles, each set united at their base : filaments slender,

yellow: anthers orange-yellow, small, subglobose. Ovary broad-

ovate, tapering upwards, and terminating in five styles, which

are recurved at the apex. Stigma obtuse, downy.

Fig. 1. Calyx and pistil. 2. One of the five bundles of stamens :—magnified.

4950,

‘

Brooks Imp

Vincent

Tas. 4950.

AGAVE strRIATa.

Striated-leaved Agave.

Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDEZ.—HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA.

Gen.. Char. (Vide supra, TaB. 4934.)

AGAVE striata ; acaulis, foliis patentibus rectiusculis numerosissimis rigido-car-

nosis elongatis linearibus sensim attenuatis (transverse sectis subrhombeo-

ancipitibus) subglaucis superne longitudinaliter pluristriatis margine scabris

apice spinescente, scapo centrali elongato foliis duplo triplove longiore brac-

teato bracteis patentibus, spica longissima densiflora, floribus geminatis ses-

silibus, bracteis e lata basi longe subulatis, capsulis subbaccatis brevi-ovatis

obtuse triquetris nigris.

AGaveE striata. Zuce. in Nov. Act. Acad. Leopold. Carol. 16. 2. p. 678. Salm-

Dyck, Hort. 1814. p. 307. “ Roem. Am, 286.”

There can be no question that this plant, which we have re-

ceived from Real del Monte, Mexico, is nearly allied to Agave

geminiflora, Gawl. (see Bot. Reg. t. 1145), but the foliage is dif-

ferent in the form (as best seen by a transverse section), and the

two are quite distinct. Three species of this group of Ayave, with

very narrow linear but gradually attenuated leaves, are described

by authors ; viz. Agave geminiflora, Gawl. (too long known in our

gardens under the false name of Bonapartea juncea) ; A. striata,

Zuce., which we believe to be the species here figured ; and 4.

recurva, Zucc. The two last appear to be hitherto unknown in

the flowering state. Of the first, 4. geminiflora, I would observe

that this is described as having the leaves filamentous at their

margins, although no figure, that we have scen, gives that ap-

pearance (I have no access to “ Tagliabue, in Bibliotheca Ital. 1.

t. 100”). Dr. Lindley describes them “ marginibus per @tatem

filamentosis.” The oldest plant however, under the name of A.

geminiflora, in our gardens, shows no appearance whatever of

filaments: but, on the other hand, we have lately received a

NOVEMBER Ist, 1856.

young plant under the name of “4. geminiflora, filamentosa,”’

quite remarkable for its copious filaments: so that it is probable

the plant of English gardens, at least, is not the true geminiflra,

or else the plant varies remarkably in the absence or presence of

these filaments. From the two species to which I have now al-

luded, our plant may be recognized by the foliage alone: in them

the leaves are, comparatively, soft and flaccid ; there are no strie,

there is no scabrous margin, and .the surface is dark green, mi-

nutely dotted with a pale, closely adherent scurf, only visible

under a lens. Our J. striata has flowered during the present

year, for the first time.

Dzscr. Stemless or nearly so. Leaves very numerous, from

a short trunk or caudex, which is entirely clothed by them, two

to two and a half feet long, from a broad base, linear, very rigid,

tapering gradually-to the apex, which is terminated by a horny

brown point, extremely pungent. In substance the leaf is thick ;

a transverse section gives a compressed rhomboid figure, within

spongy, but full of fibre ; externally the surface is glaucous-green,

marked with rather closely placed, parallel lines; the margin is

rough, with a very narrow cartilaginous edge, which is minutely

serrated. The younger and central leaves are erect, the lowest

ones recurved, the intermediate ones horizontally patent, but

with a slight recurvation. Scape arising from the centre of the

foliage, rather stout, four to six feet long, terminated by a long

spike, of densely compacted flowers, imbricated in the bud and

elongating as the flowers expand, so that the apex attains a

height of ten to twelve feet from the ground. The scape, below

the spike, has numerous, spreading, long, filiform or subulate

scales, two to three inches long; these are flowerless dracts: the

same, but smaller and green, subtend the flowers. These latter

are in pairs, sessile; green externally, yellowish-green within.

Perianth infundibuliform. The six segments ovate, moderately

spreading. Filaments of the stamen stout, almost thrice as long

as the corolla. Anthers large, lear, dark purple. Ovary, com-

bined with the perianth, obscurely three-angled. _Sty/e thick, as

long as the filaments. Stigma obscurely three-lobed, downy.

Capsule subbaccate, short ovate, black, terminated by the wi-

thered perianth, obtusely trigonous, three-celled : ce//s with many

very glossy black seeds. 3

Fig. 1. Entire plant, on a very reduced scale. 2. Apex of a leaf :—nat. size.

3. Transverse section of a leaf:—magnified. 4. Portion of a rachis of the spike

with flowers :—uat. size. 5. Section of the ovary :—magnified.

Tas. 4951.

PACHYPHYTUM sractTeEosum.

Bracteated Pachyphytum.

Nat. Ord. CrassuLacE®.—DEcANDRIA PENTAGYNIA.

Gen. Char. Pacuypuytum, K/.—Calyx campanulatus, quinquepartitus, laciniis

inzequalibus, filiformibus, corollam superantibus. Corolla perigyna, quinquepar-

tita, hypocraterimorpha, limdi lobis patentissimis, in fauce ad marginem dilatato-

involutis, cucullato-bilobis. Stamina 10, quorum 5 calyci, 5 petalis imposita,

eequilonga, exserta. Sguamule nulle. Germina 5, libera, unilocularia ; ovulis ad

suturam ventralem plurimis. Capsule folliculares 5, in stylos subulatos attenuate,

liberee, intus longitudinaliter dehiscentes, polyspermee. Semina minima, elongato-

scobiformia.—Suffrutex Mexicanus, carnosus, glaucescenti-albidus. Caulis brevis,

crassus. Folia rosulata, magna, obovato-cuneiformia, crassa, carnosa, obtuse apicu-

lata. Flores secundi, dense spicati, bracteati ; spica apice cernua; bracteis mag-

nis, crassis, obovatis, brevissime acutis, basi sagittatis, unilateraliter bifariam im-

bricatis. Corolle limbus coccineus. Kl.

Pacuypuytum bracteosum.

Pacuyruytum bracteosum. Klotzsch in Otto et Dietr. Allgemeine Gartenzeitung,

9ter Jahrgang, p. 9. Klotzsch in Ic. Plant. Rar. Hort. Berol. p. 107. t. 43.

This is a solitary species of a new genus, an inhabitant of

Mexico, allied to Fcheveria, but sufficiently distinct both in —

habit and in the structure of the flowers, and very remarkable

in the curved, secund, bracteated spikes of flowers, in the large

campanulate calyx, much exceeding the corolla in length, in the

two spurs at the base of the leaves, of the peduncle, and of the

bracteas, and in the two scales or ears at the base of the lamina of

the petals. There is a most striking contrast between the colour

of these petals and the pale glaucous hue of the large calyx and

bracts, and all the rest of the plant; and the flowers are more

readily brought into view by the curvature of the spikes. ‘The

plant only requires the protection of a temperate greenhouse.

It flowers in the summer months, and the spike becomes erect

after flowering.

Descr. A suffruticose, very succulent plant: the rather short

- NOVEMBER Is7, 1856.

and thick stem scarred below with the fallen leaves, and, as well as

the rest of the plant, singularly glaucous. Leaves large, thick,

fleshy, spreading, clothing the upper part of the stem, rosulate,

obovate, obtuse or with only an obtuse point, slightly concave

above, convex beneath, the base, where set upon the stem, di-

lated: the scars formed by the fallen leaves, orbicular. Peduncles

lateral, from among the leaves, erect, a foot or more long, sparingly

leafy : its dracteal-leaves oblong or tongue-shaped, subsemiam-

plexicaul, often tinged with red, the base on each side prolonged

into a spur. Speke four to six inches or more long, singularly

drooping in flower, eventually erect. Flowers secund, large, sub-

tended by large imbricating cordate bracteas, but in the op-

posite direction to the bracts: these dracteas are also bicalcarate

at the base. Pedicels very short, thick. Calya ample, almost an

inch long, campanulate, deeply cut into five, ovate-oblong, glau-

cous, fleshy, subfoliaceous unequal segments. Pe/als five, erecto-

patent, oblong, acuminate: at the summit of the broad claw are

two obtuse, conspicuous auricles. Zimdé of the corolla red. Sta-

mens: five free, alternating with the petals; five smaller ones,

with short filaments, adnate with the petals. Authers ovate.

Ovaries five, oblong, with a fleshy disc at their base. Styles

short, subulate. Stigmas capitate.

Fig. 1. Flower from which the calyx is removed. 2. Petal and two stamens:

—magnified.

Vincent Brooks Timp.

WFitch del .e lith.

Tas. 4952.

LEPERIZA ‘“ATIFOLIA.

Broad-leaved Leperiza.

Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDE#.—HExaANDRIA MonoeGyNIA.

Gen. Char. Perigonium superum, corollaceum, rectum, e tubo cylindraceo brevi

stricto campanulatum, 6-fidum, deciduum; Jaciniis ovatis, acutiusculis, sube-

qualibus, erectis. Corona faucialis tubulosa, abbreviata, 6-dentata, inclusa, inter

dentes staminifera. Stamina subequalia, erecta, exserta. Anthere oblonge, dorso

medio affix, incumbentes. Ovarium inferum, abbreviato-ovatum, tricoccum.

Columna stylina erecta, stamina superans, filiformis. Stigma parvum, obsolete

trigonum. Semina plurima, parva, oblongo-subrotunda. — Herba Americana,

bulbifera, scapigera: bulbo tunicato. Folia coetanea (estivalia), petiolata, ob-

longa, acuta, striato-nervosa, nitida. Scapus erectus, teres, umbellato-multiflorus.

Sige polyphylia ; foliolis sublanceolatis, marcescentibus. Flores pedicellati, pen-

ult. Kth.

Leperiza latifolia.

Lureriz latifolia. Herb. App. p. 41. Hj. Amaryll. p. 195. Kih. Enum.

Plant. v. 5. p. 643.

CurysIPHIa.a latifolia. Lindl. in Schult. Syst. v. 7. p. 906.

Pancratrum latifolium. Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. v. 8. p. 54. ¢. 284.

An ornamental South American bulbiferous plant, native of

moist, shady, woody places, in the Province of ‘Tarma, Andes of

Peru: detected by Ruiz and Pavon, and described by them

under the name of Pancratium latifolium, in their ‘ Flora Peru-

viana ;’ and of which bulbs were sent to us by our friend John

McLean, Esq., late of Lima. Dr. Lindley suggested that it

should be united with Chrysiphiala ; but the learned author of

the ‘Amaryllidacee’ has constituted of it the genus Leperiza, of

which it forms the sole species. ‘The plant is kept m an ordinary

greenhouse, where it blossoms in September.

Dzscr. Buld moderately large, tunicated, externally brown

and striated, somewhat scaly at the top, from whence the leaves

(two to four) appear : these are on rather long, broad, channelled

petioles ; the blade is broad-oval or elliptical, acute, striated, sub-

- membranaceous, glabrous, almost a span long, four to four and

DECEMBER Ist, 1856.

a half inches wide. Scape about a foot high, terete, bearing an

umbel of six to eight drooping flowers from the dilated apex of

the scape. Spathe of a few, membranaceous, lanceolate, sca-

riose /eaflets, two inches or more long. Pedicels about as long

as the spathe, curved in flower, nearly erect in fruit. /owers

pendent, two and a half inches long, including the ovary. Peri-

anth infundibuliform, yellow, partially tinged with dull orange,

green at the apices: ¢wbe about equal in length with limb: seg-

ments of the limb erect. Corona simply consisting of six, short,

erect, rounded teeth at the apex of the tube, between which the

stamens are placed. Filaments erect, longer than the limb of

the perianth, consequently exserted. Anthers oblong, versatile.

Ovary inferior, globoso-trilobed, dark green. Sfy/e longer than

the stamens, straight ; stigma of three minute lobes.

Fig. 1. Flower with the perianth laid open, showing the corona and insertion

of the stamens. 2. Pistil :-—magnified.

W.Fit

. eae

Vincent Brocks imp

Tas. 4953.

CASTANEA cHRYSOPHYLLA.

Golden-leaved Chestnut.

Nat. Ord. CuruLrrer®.—Monecra OcTanpRIA.

Gen. Char. Flores monoici v. rarissime hermaphroditi. Masc. indefinite glo-

merati, raches axillares circumsedentes, rarius solitarii, bracteolati. Perigonium

calycinum profunde 5-6-partitum. Stamina 8~15, basi perigonii cirea discum

glandulosum inserta ; flamenta filiformia, elongata, simplicia ; anthere 2-loculares,

incumbentes, Joculis oppositis. Fam. et HErmapHr. Gemme axillares, subsoli-

tarie, bracteis plurimis linearibus, inzequalibus, cum involucro campanulato 1~3-

floro connatis. Perigonii limbus superus, 5—8-fidus. Stamina 5-12, seepissime

abortiva, minima. Ovarium inferum, 3-6-loculare. Ovuda in loculis solitaria,

€x apice anguli centralis pendula, anatropa. Stylus brevissimus, crassus : stig-

mata \oculorum numero, setiformia, patentia. Fructus capsuliformis, involucro

coriaceo echinato, nuculis duabus, tribus v. unica feeto. _ Nucule ovato-trigone

v. subangulatze, monosperme ; epicarpio coriaceo, endocarpio fibroso. Semen

pendulum ; ¢es¢a membranacea, plicis intra nuclei rimas sese insinuans. Himdryo

exalbuminosus, orthotropus ; cotyledonidus maximis crassis farinaceis, sepe inz-

qualibus, plicatis, arcte coheerentibus ; radicula immersa supera.—Arbores », ar-

busculee elegantes, in Europa australi, Asia media, in America boreali et in excelsis

Archipelagi Moluccani montibus indigene ; foliis alternis integerrimis v. serratis,

floribus coetaneis. Endl.

CasTaNzEA chrysophylia ; foliis sempervirentibus oblongo-ovatis acuminatis co~

riaceis integerrimis glabris subtus aureo-farinosis.

Castanua chrysophylla. Dougl. in Hook. F?. Bor. Am. v. 2. p. 159, Hook. in

Lond. Journ. of Bot. v. 2 (843), p. 496.

__ One of the greatest rarities perhaps in the Arboretum of the

Royal Gardens of Kew, is the subject of the present Plate,—a

Chestnut with the under side of the leaves of a pale golden hue,

occasioned by the presence of innumerable minute peltate scales

of that colour. Specimens of the plant probably exist in the

_ herbaria of many botanists ; for the tree was discovered so long

ago as 1830, by Mr. David Douglas, about the grand rapids of

the Columbia (Oregon), Cape Orford, and near Mount Hood, in

North-west America, constantly inhabiting the hills; and it has

since been found by travellers in California, especially by Burke

and Hartweg, and these collectors were able to send seeds to

- DECEMBER Ist, 1856.

Europe, of which very few indeed appear to have germinated.

Our solitary plant was reared from a seed gathered by Burke:

and, although now only about five feet high, it has for several

years produced spikes of flowers, and these, in one instance, were

succeeded the following year (1856) by several fruits of the size

here represented, but which fell off before they were mature.

The tree bears our severest winters perfectly unharmed.

Descr. This is said by Douglas to form a beautiful tree in its

native country, varying in height from twenty to seventy feet.

We make our description from our own small plant above men-

tioned, which is branched almost to the base, the young dranches

tawny or golden-colour. eaves, the smallest of the Chestnut-

kind, two and a half to three inches long, shortly petiolate, ovato-

oblong, acuminate, coriaceous, entire, glabrous, very dark green

and somewhat glossy above ; beneath clothed with dense, minute,

farinaceous scales of a golden-yellow colour. Spikes of flowers

from the axils of the upper or terminal leaves, as long as, or

shorter than, the leaves, on short peduncles. Male flowers occu-

pying the upper half, numerous, crowded ; female flowers one to

three or five, distant, scattered at the base, all sessile. MALE

FLOWERS :—Perianth cup-shaped, small, villous, six-cleft, three

lobes external; three inner less villous than the outer ones.

Stamens ten to twelve or thirteen: /i/aments long, flexuous,

much longer than the perianth, FrmMaLE FLOWERS, accom-

panied by some imperfect stamens. Perianth as in the male.

Ovary having its base incorporated with the perianth, very

hispid, dividing above into three glabrous sfy/es. These ova-

ries remained the whole winter on the plant; and during the

following summer became a three-lobed /rwit of the size repre-

sented at fig. 5, and then fell off immature before the autumn.

It is three-lobed, and very prickly, as in Castanea vesca.

Fig. 1. Female flower. 2. Pistil removed from the perianth. 3. Male flower.

4. Stamen and inner lobe of the perianth :—magnified. 5. Immature fruit :—

nat. size. 6. Scale, and portion of another scale, constituting the golden fari-

naceous substance on the under side of the leaves :—magnified.

Tas. 4954.

SINNINGIA YounGIANA.

Dr. Young's Sinningia.

Nat. Ord. GesNERIACEZ.—DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA.

Srnninera, Nees ab Esenb.—Gen. Char. emend. Calyx campanulatus, ple-

rumque 5-alatus. Corolle tubus subtus dorsoque varie gibbus vel inflatus.

Stigma stomatomorphum.—Suffrutices Americe tropice, rhizomate tuberoso, per-

~ ennes. Hanstein in Linnea, v. 26. p. 204.

Licerta, Dene.—Gen. Char, emend. Calyx patulus, exalatus. Corolle tubus

oblique ventricoso-campanulatus (ex basi angustata sursum paullatim ampliatus).

Stigma stomatomorphum.—Herbe Americe tropice, rhizomate tuberoso, per-

ennes. Hanstein in Linnea, v. 26. p. 204.

Stynrnara (hybrida) Voungiana ; pubescens, rhizomate tuberoso, caule herbaceo

erecto purpurascente, foliis oppositis petiolatis oblongis vel ovato-oblongis

acutis margine crenatis supra nitidis viridibus subtus pallidioribus, floribus

axillaribus vel terminalibus solitariis amplis, pedunculis petiolo duplo tri-

plove superantibus, calyce 5-alato, laciniis 5 ovatis acuminatis, corollee

(purpurez vel violacee) tubo ex basi angustato sursum paullatim ampliato,

limbo 5-fido, lobis subzequalibus rotundatis patentibus, staminibus inclusis,

antheris connexis, ovario glandulas 5 subulatas cingente, stigmate stomato-

morpho.

Sinnine1a Youngiana. Marnock in Pasxton’s Magazine of Botany, v. 7. p. 51.

cum icon. .

SINNINGIA violacea. Hortor.

Gtoxinta violacea. Pope. Steudel, Nomencl. Bot. ed. 2. p. 690?

If we were to adopt the strictly scientific nomenclature pro-

posed by Dr. Klotzsch, and approved of by various Continental

botanists of eminence, we should be obliged to confer upon this

plant the name of Sinningia Ligeria velutina speciosa, SO as to

show that it is a hybrid between Sinningra velutina, Nees ab

Esenb., ¢, and Ligeria speciosa, Dene. (Gloxinia speciosa, Lodd.)

3; but as such a name, however well answering the purposes of

science, would never become popular, or could never be adopted

in our gardens without causing considerable inconvenience, we

have retained the older, though less expressive one. corns

Youngiana was raised some years ago by Mr. Marnock, an ;

named by him in compliment to Dr. Young, Superintendent o

DECEMBER Ist, 1856.

the Botanic Garden at Sheffield. Apart from the claims upon |

our attention on account of its ornamental blossoms, it is inter-

esting as being a hybrid between the two most typical species

of two different genera, having the thick tuberous rhizome and

the tube of the corolla of Zigeria, and the five-winged calyx of

Sinningia.

Descr. Pubescent. Rhizome tuberous, several inches in dia-

meter. Stem herbaceous, erect, purplish, from one foot to

eighteen inches high. eaves opposite, petiolated, oblong or

ovate, oblong, crenated, green and glossy above, pale, almost

whitish, below. /owers axillary or terminal, solitary. Peduncle

twice or three times the length of the petiole. Calyz five-winged,

five-lobed ; /obes ovate, acuminate. Corol/a with a campanulate

tube, and five, almost equal, round /odes, more or less intensely

purple or violet, with the exception of the tube, which is a yellow-

ish-white at the base, and at the throat, which is spotted. Ovary

surrounded by five subulate glands. Stamens shorter than the

tube of the corolla and the style. Stigma two-lipped. Ovules

sterile. Berthold Seemann.

Fig. 1. Ovary, style, and stigma :—slightly magnified.

495.

W. Fitch de.ct lth. Vincent. Brooks. Imp

Tas. 4955.

TRICYRTIS pirosa.

Hairy Tricyrtis.

Nat. Ord. UvuLartEz.—HEXANDRIA TRIGYNIA.

Gen. Char. Calyx 6-sepalus, corollaceus, regularis, deciduus ; sepala distincta,

oblonga, apice acuminata et cucullato-excavata, campanulato-conniventia ; tria

exteriora 7-nervia, basi gibboso-saccata ; tria interioria 5-nerva. Stamina 6, basi

sepalorum inserta, eequalia. Filamenta subulata, compressa, basi dilatata ac subcon-

nata, glabra. Anthere biloculares, ellipticee, complanatze, apice retusze, basi bilobee,

dorso intus spectante versus medium affixe, externe secundum longitudinem

dehiscentes. Ovarium liberum, sessile, elongatum, triquetrum, triloculare, apice

in stylum brevem attenuatum ; ovula in loculis creberrima, biseriata, subhorizon-

talia, anatropa. Stigmata 3, apice biloba, recurvata. Capsula triquetro-pris-

matica, trilocularis, apice trivalvis. Semina parva, in loculis per simplicem (?)

seriem densissime imbricata, ovata, plana, atra ; ¢es¢e laxiuscula, rugosa. Embryo

minutus, in albuminis carnosi cavitate submucosa hilo opposita locatus.—Herbee

subtiliter pilosa. Caulis erectus, foliatus, apice ramosus et pauciflorus. Folia

sparsa, ovata-oblonga, cordata, sessilia, amplexantia, acuminata, reticulato-nervosa

(?), membranacea. Flores in ramis solitarii vel gemini, longe pedunculati, cernut,

Poa Peeate intus maculis crebris purpureis notati, inodori ; pedicellis inarticu-

tis. Kth. '

Tricyrtts pilosa.

Tricyrtt1s pilosa. Wall. Tent. Fl. Nepal. v. 2. p. 52, p.46. Roem. et Schult.

Syst. Veget. v. 17. p. 1680. Kunth, Enum. Plant. v. 4. p. 279.

Campsoa maculata. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 51.

ComPsaNnTHUS maculatus. Spreng. Syst. Veget. Cura Post. 137.

Uvurarta hirta? Thunb. Jap. 36. Willd. Sp. Pl. 2. p.137. Roem, et Schult.

Syst. Veget. v. 7. p. 370.

If this is not a plant which strikes the eye from its beauty, it

can scarcely fail to do so from the peculiar form and colouring

of the flowers. Dr. Wallich, its discoverer, thinks it may be

identical with the Uvularia hirta of Thunberg ; if so, it is a na-

tive of Japan as well of Himalaya, in the mountains of Sheo- _ |

pore and Chandagiry, where Dr. Wallich saw it; but it has

probably an extensive range in Himalaya, for it is abundant in

Sikkim-Himalaya, where Drs. Hooker and Thomson detected it,

and whence they sent seeds to the Royal Gardens of Kew. The

DECEMBER lst, 1855.

figure in the ‘Tentamen Florze Nepalensis’ is extremely accu-

rate; but our artist represents two rows or series of ovules in

each cell, while Dr. Wallich figures and describes only one: the

former we suspect to be the correct number.

Descr. Root a small irregular fwber, throwmg out many

branched fibres. Stems herbaceous, a foot or more high, branched, ~

terete, pubescent, as in nearly the whole plant, with glandular

hairs. eaves alternate, distant, cordato-ovate, shortly acumi-

nate, entire, soft and downy, semiamplexicaul at the base, and

there forming a very short sheath; nerves obliquely parallel.

Peduncles in pairs, terminating the stem and branches, one bear-

ing a small leaf or dractea, downy. Flowers solitary, erect. Se-

pals six, at first erect, and forming a campanulate blossom, then

spreading horizontally, of a whitish-green colour, internally

spotted or blotched with purple, lanceolate, glabrous within ; the

three outer with a large sac or gibbous pouch at the base, the

three inner ones merely cucullate. Stamens inserted opposite to

the sepals, erect, but flexuose, glandular at the base. <Azther

oblong, extrorse. Ovary prismatic, trigonous, glandular at the

top. Style simple at the base, soon dividing into three spread-

ing branches, and then again bifid, spotted with purple, and

beautifully glanduloso-pilose. Frit, according to Dr. Wallich,

a triquetro-prismatic capsule, the side channelled, three-valved,

the valves short, plicate, narrow ; the dissepiments formed by the

inflexed margins of the valves.

Fig. 1. Outer sepal. 2. Inner sepal. 3. Stamen. 4, Pistil. 5. Transverse

section of ditto :—magnified.

Tas. 4956.

LINUM GranpIFLORUM.

Large-flowered Flax.

Nat. Ord. Line“#.—Decanpria PENTAGYNIA.

Gen. Char. Calyx pentaphyllus, foliolis integris. Corolle petala 5, hypogyna,

ima basi coalita, alterna calycis foliolis opposita fertilia, basi biglandulosa, alterna

petalis opposita ananthera, dentiformia. Filamenta complanato-subulata ; anthere

introrsze, biloculares, longitudinaliter dehiscentes. Ovarium sessile, 3-5-loculare ;

locuiis 2-ovulatis, semisepto dorsali verticaliter incomplete bilocellatis, v. septo

dorsali completo 10-loculare, Zoculis 1-ovulatis. Ovuda pendula, anatropa. Styli

3 v. 5, filiformes, liberi vel basi coaliti; stigmata capitellata v. linearia. Capsula

subglobosa, nune 3-5-locularis, docudis septo dorsali verticaliter semi-bilocellatis,

apice septicide 3-5-valvis, valvis semi-bifidis, loculis dispermis, nune 10-locularis

septicide decacocca, coccis indehiscentibus, monospermis. Semina pendula, testa

coriacea, endopleura carnosa, tumida. Hmbryonis exalbuminosi recti vel subar-

cuati radicula supera.—Herbe vel suffrutices in temperatis totius orbis crescentes,

inter tropicos rari; foliis alternis oppositis v. verticillatis, integerrimis ; floribus

paniculatis v. corymbosis, luteis, ceruleis, carneis, v. albis. Endl.

Linum grandiflorum ; annuum, e basi ramosum erectiusculum, foliis (ramorum)

sparsis remotis ovato-lanceolatis patentibus, floribus laxe paniculatis, sepalis

lanceolato-subulatis marginibus setoso-ciliatis, stigmatibus linearibus, pe-

talis calyce plus quam duplo longioribus puniceis.

Linum grandiflorum. Desf. Fl. Atl. v. 1. p. 277. t. 78. De Cand. Prodr. v. 1.

p. 421. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 962. Reem. et Schult. v. 6. p. 738.

Planch. in Hook. Lond. Journ. of Bot. v.7. p.171. Lindl. et Paxt. Fi.

Gard. v. 1. p. 27. f. 13 (woodcut).

Nothing but a well-coloured figure, which has never hitherto

appeared, can give an idea of the beauty of this plant. The

plate of Desfontaines does justice to the size of the blossom ;

that given in the ‘Flower Garden’ is not so large as one of its

petals. The wild state is described as having rose-coloured

flowers : ours are, as recorded by Lindley and Paxton, “ brilliant

crimson.” The species inhabits the north of Africa; near Mas-

car (Desfontaines) and near Oran, according to Mr. Munby in

our Herbarium. It has lately been introduced into European

DECEMBER Ist, 1856.

gardens from Algiers; and, though an annual, its beauty will

recommend it to more extended cultivation, and it is said to

answer well for flower-borders. Our plants were kept in a cool

greenhouse, and flowered in August.

Descr. An annual, ten inches to a foot high, much branched,

almost from the root. Lowest and youngest /eaves somewhat

crowded and imbricated, the rest distant, patent, ovato-lanceo-

late, entire, glaucous green. The ultimate branches or peduncles,

each terminated by a single flower, form a lax panicle. Flowers

large. Calyx with the sepals green, erect, imbricated, lanceolato-

subulate, rigid, the margin membranous, ciliated with rather

rigid hairs. Petals broadly obovate, clawed, minutely crenulated

at the edge, of a rich crimson colour, the claws streaked wit

black, and internally with white. Staminal tube rather long,

cylindrical. Anthers large. Ovary oval, tapering into a thick

style: stigmas long, linear, downy.

Fig. 1.’Flower deprived of its petals. 2. Staminal tube, including the pistil.

3. Pistil :—smagnified.

Tas. 4957.

MELASTOMA pDeEnNTICULATUM.

Toothed Melastoma.

Nat. Ord. MeLasToMACEx.—DECANDRIA Monoeynla.

Gen. Char. Calycis tubus ovatus, seepius squamis vestitus: Zimdus 5- aut ra-

rius 4—6-fidus, Jodis deciduis, appendicibus extus inter lobos interdum ut in Os-

beckia ortis parvis. Petala tot quot calycis lobi. Stamina seepius numero peta-

lorum dupla, rarius equali. -duthere connectivo in aliis elongato, in alternis

breviore, basi bicalcarato aut bisetoso. Stigma, punctum pruinosum. Capsula

baccata, 5-locularis (rarius 4—6-locularis). Semina cochleata.—Frutices Asiatict

aut Africani, sepius hispide setosi. Folia petiolata, integerrima aut serrulata, 3—7-

nervia. Pedunculi axillares aut terminales. Flores ampli, albi rosei aut pur-

purei. De Cand.

MELAstoma denticulatum ; fruticosum, ramulis e compresso teretiusculis petio-

lisque setis adpressis, scabris foliis petiolatis ovali-oblongis acuminatis 5-

nerviis superue setis parvis scabris subtus pallidis secus nervos adpresse

strigosis, floribus paucis subcymosis, calycis urceolati adpresse strigosi lobis

(ovato-) lanceolatis deciduis. De Cand.

ME.astoma denticulatum. Labill. Sert. Caled. p. 65. t. 64. De Cand. Prodr.

v. 3. p. 44. Naudin, Melast. p. 160.

An inhabitant of New Caledonia, where it was discovered by

Labillardiére, during the voyage in search of La Peyrouse, and

it was accurately figured and described in the ‘Sertum Austro-

Caledonicum’ of that author. It has been recently introduced

into Europe by the botanist of Captain Denham’s Surveying

Voyage (Mr. Milne), who sent seeds gathered in New Caledonia

to the Royal Gardens of Kew, where it flowers freely in July and

August. We presume that M. Naudin, author of the learned

monograph of Melastomacee, intends this to be considered a true

Melastoma, though he places it in a group of “species addende ;

multe autem incerte:” but Walpers, apparently copying from

Naudin, speaks of the species of the section as “ adhuc incerta.”

This species must surely have been well known to M. Naudin,

both by the figure of Labillardiére and by specimens in the Paris

Herbaria.

DECEMBER Ist, 1856.

Dxscr. A moderately small shrud, a good deal branched, the

branches subangular and, as well as the petioles (from one-half to

three-quarters of an inch long), reddish, rough, with appressed

sete. Leaves rather large for the size of the plant, handsome,

broadly ovate, or ovate-lanceolate (superior ones almost lanceo-

late), subcoriaceous, acuminate, entire, five-nerved, nerves united

by transverse veins, dark green above, pale beneath; on both

sides, especially beneath, strigose, with appressed, subulate sete.

Corymbs few-flowered (four to six), terminal, leafy, bracteated ;

bracts and pedicels reddish. Calyx with the tude urceolate,

clothed with appressed, imbricated, small, fimbriated scales : limb

of five or six, ovato-lanceolate, apiculate, deciduous, fringed or

ciliated Joes: mouth of the calyx with five or six erect teeth or

scales. Petals nearly white. Stamens: filaments rather short :

anthers unequal, opening by a single pore at the apex, wrinkled

on one side, bicalcarate or rather bigibbose at the base. Ovary

below adnate with the tube of the calyx, setose at the apex:

style about as long as the stamens, inclined and flexuose.

Fig. 1. Portion of a leaf, showing the strigose setee. 2. Calyx, including the

pistil. 3. Two of the stamens. 4. One of the appressed scales of the tube of

the calyx :—magnijfied.

Plate.

4891

4934

4950

4899

4897

4940

4918

4911

4906

4929

4953

4009

4902

4916

4922

4895

4942

4917

4927

4912

4907

4901

4937

4898

4944

4903

4948

4933

4949

4892

4905

4952

INDEX,

In which the Latin Names of the Plants contained in the Twelfth

Volume of the Turrp Szrres (or Highty-second Volume of

the Work) are alphabetically arranged.

Adschynanthus fulgens.

Agave Celsii.

- striata.

Aphelandra variegata.

Aralia papyrifera.

Argyreia hirsuta.

Aristolochia Thwaitesii.

Asplenium Hemionitis.

Banksia Victoriz.

Calceolaria violacea.

Castanea chrysophylla.

Cattleya bicolor,

maxima.

——-— Skinneri; var. parviflora

Clavija ornata.

Clivia Gardeni.

Codonopsis rotundifolia.

Coffea Benghalensis.

Collinsia verna.

Correa cardinalis.

Cymbidium chloranthum.

Cypripedium purpuratum.

Dendrobium Amboinense.

——_——-— bigibbum.

— Falconeri.

Encephalartus Caffer.

Galipea macrophylla.

Heterotropa asaroides.

Hypericum oblongifolium.

Lapageria rosea; var. albiflora.

Lelia acuminata.

Leperiza latifolia.

4956 Linum grandiflorum.

4941

4921

Lysimachia nutans.

Masdevallia Wageneriana.

Plate.

4957

4938

4947

4945

4900

4919

4923

4943

4894

4951

4946

4.910

4.920

4913,

4925

4930

4935

4932

4936

4928

4924

4926

4904

4231

4939 |

4915

4954

4896

4955

4908

4893

Melastoma denticulatum.

Methonica virescens.

Moricandia Ramburii.

Mucuna prurita.

Nyctanthes arbor-tristis.

Odontoglossum hastilabium; var.

Suscatum.

Odontoglossum membranaceum.

Orobus Fischeri.

Ouvirandra fenestralis.

Pachyphytum bracteosum.

Pelargonium Endlicherianum.

Pentapterygium flavum.

Pernettya furens.

4914 Phytelephas macrocarpa.

Pteris heterophylla.

Rhododendron Blandfordizflo-

rum.

——-————- Brookeanum.

——— --—— camellieflorum.

———-—— Edgeworthii.

campanulatum ;

var, Wallichit.

Falconeri.

———-—— Hookeri.

—-—— Moulmainense.

Ribes subvestitum,

Salvia porphyrata.

Saxifraga ciliata.

Sinningia Youngiana.

Tecoma fulva.

Trycirtis pilosa.

Tupidanthus calyptratus.

Weigela amabilis.

INDEX,

In which the English Names of the Plants contained in the

Twelfth Volume of the Tarp Serres (or Eighty-secend

Volume of the Work) are alphabetically arranged.

Plate.

4891 Aschynanthus, flame-coloured.

4934 Agave, Cels’.

4950 striated-leaved.

4899 Aphelandra, variegated.

4940 Argyreia, villous.

4918 Aristolochia, Mr. Thwaites’s.

4906 Banksia, Victorian.

4929 Calceolaria, pale-purple.

4903 Caffer-bread.

4902 Cattleya, largest.

4916 ————— Mr. Skinner’s small-

flowered var.

4909 —-——-— two-coloured.

4953 Chestnut, golden-leaved.

4922 Clavija, elegant.

4895 Clivia, Major Garden’s.

_ 4942 Codonopsis, round-leaved.

4917 Coffea, Bengal.

_ 4927 Collinsia, vernal.

4912 Correa, scarlet-flowered.

4945 Cow-itch, East Indian.

4907 Cymbidium, yellow-green.

4898 Dendrobium, double-spurred.

* 4944. —— Dr. Falconer’s.

4937 long-petaled Am-

boyna.

4956 Flax, large-flowered.

4948 Galipea, large-leaved.

4933 Heterotropa, Asarum-like.

4913 and 4914 Ivory Plant, large-

fruited. |

4900 Jasmine, Night.

4901 Lady’s Slipper, purple-stained.

4905 Lelia, tapering.

4892 Lapageria, rose-coloured; white-

flowered var.

Plate. :

4952 Leperiza, broad-leaved.

4941 Lysimachia, drooping-flowered.

4921 Masdevallia, Mr. Wagener’s.

4938 Methonica, African.

4947 Moricandia, Rambur’s.

4919 Odontoglossum, halberd-lipped ;

brown-petaled var.

4923 — membrane-sheathed.

4943 Orobus, Dr. Fischer’s.

4951 Pachyphytum, bracteated.

4946 Pelargonium, Endlicher’s.

4910 Pentapterygium, yellow.

4920 Pernettya, maddening.

4925 Pteris, variable-leaved.

4928 Rhododendron, _ bell-flowered ;

Dr. Wallich’s var.

4930 —— Blandfordia-flowered.

4935 —— Sir James Brooke’s.

4932 —_-—— Camellia-flowered.

4936 ——-—— Mr. Edgeworth’s.

4924 —— Dr. Faleoner’s.

4926 ———— Dr. Hooker’s.

4904 Moulmain.

4931 Ribes, galndular.

4897 Rice-paper Plant.

4939 Sage, bright red-flowered.

4915 Saxifrage, fringed.

4954 Sinningia, Dr. Young’s.

4911 Spleenwort, Hemionitis-like.

4949 St. John’s-wort, oblong-leaved.

4896 Tecoma, fulvous-flowered.

4955 Tricyrtis, hairy.

4908 Tupidanthus, calyptrate.

4894 Water-yam, or Lace-leaf.

4893 Weigela, wrinkle-leaved.