CURTIS’S

BOTANICAL MAGAZINE,

ILLDerRATING AND DESCRIBING

Plants of the Woval Wotanie Gardens of ee

AND OF OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS;

EDITED BY

SIR DAVID PRAIN, C.MG., C.LE., LL.D., F.RS.,

DIRECTOR, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW. ~

Rene en eee eee

VOL, A

OF THE FOURTH SERIES.

(Or Vol. CXLI. of the Whole Work.)

5 ‘Flowers worthy of Paradise which not nice Art

In beds'and curious knots, but Nature boon

Poured forth profuse.”

MILTON.

LONDON:

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1915.

[All rights reserved.}

BOTANICAL MAGAZINE _

FIND A CONGENIAL HOME,

VOL, XI,—JANUARY. ; Annual Suiseription, 25,

or No. 1535 oF rue ete work.

oe COURTIS"3.

BOTANICAL MAG

CONTAINING HAND- COLOURED FIGURES. WITH DESCRIPTIONS, STRUCTURAL | AND HISTORICAT,

: OF NEW AND RARE : : Z

AND OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS.

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a eons

NSN AS Bon etre.

-*So in t fa ileum alae aba =

The fields of Enna, now once more ablaze

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asin titania te ALI . aa

“LONDON:

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BOTANICAL “MAGAZINE. ~

CONTENTS OF No. 121, JANUARY, 1915.

PAB. 8502, 8593. ENCEPHALARTOS HILDEBRANDTII. .

-8594.COTONEASTER PANNOSA.” =

8595, —_MESEMBRYANTHEMUM THECATUM. ~

8595n—MESEMBRY ANTHEMUM STYLOSUM.

ari

LL, Renve & Oo., Ltd., 6, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, W.C.

HEPATIC. or te BRITISH | ISLES.

By W. H. PEARSON.

Complete in. Two ‘Vols. with 928 plates, 10 in. by 63i in. Hives Desert.

tions, Bhiort ihe Gonasanitert Distribution, Glossary ies? of oe

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ae

~ LEPIDOPTERA INDICA.

Desritine noun of. the Lepidoptera of the Indian Peninsula. .

By F. ‘MOORE and Col. C: SWINHOE.

te in ten Vols. Containing 835 Coloured Plates, showing over 5,000 figure

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‘By F. “WOOD-JONES, DSc, F.Z.S.

A history aed Geeta of the. Keeling-Cocos Islands, with an éccount ie.

their fauna and flora, and a discussion of the method of development and

Sanioomation of coral structures. in general. Profusely illustrated with

epro ~erspraae 332, pages, ea eat and Baik a x 6. 15s.

ete

E & C0, Li, 6, Heit See, Covent Carden, WC,

8592

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Vincent Brooks,Day &SonLttimp

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LL. Reeve &C° London.

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SF

Vincent Brooks,D ay &Son.Lttump.

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Tan. 8592, 8593.

ENCEPHALARTOS HILDEBRANDTII.

East Africa.

CycaADACEAE. Tribe ENCEPHALARTEAE.

Encepuanarros, Lehm.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 445.

Encephalartos Hildebrandtii, A. Brawn et Bouché, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol.

(1874) p. 8; A. Braun in Sitz. Ber. Gesellsch. Naturf. Freunde, 1876,

pp. 117-121; Regel in Gartenfl. 1876, p. 204 et 1877, p. 215; Hichler in

Monatschr. Ver. Beférd. Gartenbau, 1880, vol. xxiii. p. 50; Hennings in

Gartenfl. 1890, pp. 284-237, Abbild. 55, figs. 1, 4, 4a-8 ; Engler in Pflanzenw.

Ost-Afr. A, pp. 35, 78; B, p. 173; et C, p. 92; affinis E. villoso, Lehm., a

quo recedit trunco magis elato, foliorum pinnis firmioribus pro longitudine

latioribus plerumque supra spinis marginalibus longius attenuatis, praeser-

tim vero strobili feminei structura, nempe squamarum vertice rhombico

rcnaai conorum Pini specierum quarundam in apophysin excentricam

evato.

Arbor trunco cylindrico foliorum basibus persistentibus arctissime imbricatis

obtecto humili vel ad 6 m. alto et 30 cm. diametro. Folia suberecta vel

exteriora—in planta culta quidem—patentia, rigida, leniter recurva, ad

2°75 m. longa, 80 cm. lata, petiolo rhachique primo lanuginosis deinde

glabratis postremo glaberrimis teretibus, pinnis utrinsecus 50-70 a basi ad

medium accrescentibus intermediis oblique lineari-lanceolatis apice acutis

spinescentibus ad 24 cm. longis 1°5-2°5 cm. latis utrinsecus spinis 4-1

(saepissime 8-2) armatis, spina summa plerumque ab apice remota, rigide

coriaceis glaberrimis obscure parallele nervosis, pinnis inferioribus per-

brevibus grosse spinoso-dentatis. Strobilus masculinus pedunculo ad 9cm,

longo lanuginoso squamis sparsis obsito suffultus, cylindricus, 20-45 cm.

longus, 6-10 cm. crassus, squamae a dorso visae late obovatae, vertice

dilatato rhomboideo 1°5-2 cm. lato, 1°5 cm. alto, lateritio vel virescenti,

siccando admodum contractae angulis lateralibus acutis supero inferoque

obtusissimis, linea transversa et altera ab angulo supero ad medium ducta

elatis notato. Strobilus femineus subsessilis, cylindricus, ad 60cm. longus,

ad 18 cm. diametro alutaceo-luteus; squamae a dorso visis ancoriformes,

capite 5 cm. lato 2°5 cm. alto, ungue 2°5 cm. longo, vertice rhomboideo

ad 5 cm. lato 2°5 cm. alto, more conorum Pini specierum quarundam in

apophysin elevato apice truncato angulum inferiorem versus sito. Semina

ellipsoidea vel ovoidea, cinnabarina, ad 8 cm. longa, 2 cm. diametro.—

E. villosus, forma Hildebrandtii, Hennings, l.c. 238.—O, Srapr,

The stately Cycad here described and figured was first,

discovered by Sir John Kirk near Dar-es-Salam on the

East African Coast in 1868. The material originally

sent home consisted of some pinnae and a few seeds and

proved too incomplete for description. Two years later

he made the first attempt to introduce the plant to

European cultivation, but the stem which he sent home

January, 1915.

\

in 1870 unfortunately did not survive the journey.

Later in the same year Kew received from Sir John a

supply of seeds and some of these germinated, one of

the plants of this introduction being in the Kew collection

in 1881, growing alongside a fine male stem which was

successfully transported to this country in 1878. In

1884 Sir John Kirk was again able to transmit a male

and also a female stem, both of which have thriven well

under the conditions suitable for other tropical Cycads

in the Palm House at Kew, where they are still in

vigorous health and growth. From these have been

obtained the material from which the two plates here

given have been prepared.

In the meantime, however, the distinguished traveller

Mr. J. M. Hildebrandt had also met with the species on the

East African Coast over against the island of Zanzibar,

and at other points on the same coast as far north as

Mombasa. From the material obtained by him it was

described, as Encephalartos Hildebrandtii, by Professor

Braun and Mr. Bouché in 1874, and between 1874 and

- 1876 Hildebrandt secured and transmitted to various

European gardens a large number of stems. Relying on

the appearance of some of these, the late Professor Regel

in 1876 suggested that the East African plant might

prove to be no more than a local form of the Natal

species, L. villosus, Lem., of which an account has been

given at t. 6654 of this work. The controversy thus

raised was taken up by Braun who pointed out the

differences between the two species, and in 1880 Pro-

fessor Kichler confirmed Braun’s observations and even

suggested that the difference in the shape of the female

cone-scales justified the location of the two in distinct

sections. In 1890 Professor Hennings, however, on the

strength of a female specimen grown in a nursery at

Schomberg, near Berlin, which showed characters that

led him to consider it a connecting link between the

Natal and the East African plant, reverted to the view

expressed by Regel. The matter has again been very

fully discussed by Dr. Stapf in the Kew Bulletin for

1914, and the conclusion to which he has come, that the

view of Braun and Kichler is sound, while that of Regel

and Hennings cannot be sustained, seems incontrovertible.

The pinnae figured on t, 8592 are rather wider than is

usual in this species.

DeEscriptTion.— Tree with a cylindric stem, sometimes

very short or at times up to 20 ft. in height, 1 ft. in

diameter, closely beset with persistent imbricating leaf-

bases. Leaves suberect or—at least in cultivated speci-

mens—with the outer spreading, rigid, slightly recurved,

up to 9 ft. in length, 1 ft. wide, petiole and rachis at first

woolly but soon becoming glabrous and ultimately quite

smooth, terete; pinnae 50-70 along each side increasing in

size from the base to the middle, the central ones obliquely

linear-lanceolate, with acute spinescent tips, up to 9 in.

long, 3-1 in. wide, with from 4-1 (usually 2-3) spines

on each side, the uppermost spine generally some distance

below the tip, rigidly leathery, quite glabrous, indistinctly

parallel-nerved, the lowermost pinnae very short and

coarsely spinous-toothed. Male cone pedunculate, cylin-

dric, 8-18 in. long, 21-4 in. thick; scales as seen from

behind wide-obovate, with dilated rhomboid tip, 2-3 in.

wide, 3 in. long, contracting somewhat in drying, brick-

red or greenish-red, their lateral angles acute, above and

below blunt, marked by a transverse raised line and by

a second ridge extending from the upper angle to the

middle; peduncle up to 34 in. long, woolly, sparingly

scaly. /emale cone subsessile, cylindric, up to 2 ft. long and.

7 in. thick, leather-yellow ; scales as seen from behind

anchor-shaped, the head up to 2 in. wide and 1 in. long,

claw 1] in. long, tip rhomboid up to 2 in. wide and 1 in.

long with a raised process, as in the scales of cones of

various species of Pinus, close to the lower angle and

truncate at its tip. Seeds ellipsoid or ovoid, vermilion,

1} in. long, } in. across.

_Tas. 8592. Fig. 1, a male scale; 2 and 8, anthers before and after the

discharge of their pollen respectively; 4, sketch of the entire male plant :—

1 of natibral size, 2 and 3 enlarged, 4 much reduced.

Tas. 8593. Fig. 1, seale and seeds ; 2, sketch of the entire female plant :—

1 of natural size, 2 much reduced.

8594

Vincent Brooks,Day &Son Litimp

L. Reeve &C° London.

+> Tap. 8594.

COTONEASTER PANNOSA.

Western China.

RosacEak. Tribe PoMAcEAEg.

CoTonEAsTER, Medik.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 627.

Cotoneaster pannosa, Franch. in Plant. Delavay. p. 223; Bois in Rev,

Hort. 1907, p. 256; species C. Franchetui, Bois, quaacum nonnunquam in

fruticetis confusa, quam maxime affinis, apte tamen foliis minoribus longius

petiolatis gs magis patentibus fructu minore saturatius rubrescente

distinguenda.

Frutex deciduus, 2°25-2°5-metralis, laxe graciliterque ramosa ; ramuli juniores

graciles, primum pallide fusco-tomentosi, demum glabri latereque subdiali

atro-purpurascentes. Folia ovata vel elliptica, apice acuta obtusa vel

rotundata, basi cuneata, margine integra, 0°8-3 cm. longa, 0°4-1°5 cm.

lata, supra sordide viridia primum parce pilosa, subtus dense cano-

tomentosa ; nervi laterales utrinsecus 4—6, obliqui; petiolus 0°6 cm. longus,

tomentosus. Inflorescentia corymbosa; corymbi 2°5-3 cm. lati, ramulos

foliigeros abbreviatos terminantes, 15-25-flori, anthesi aestivales. Flores

albi, 0°6-0°9 cm. lati; calycis lobi 5, triangulari-ovati, dense lanosi;

petala 5, patentia, orbicularia; stamina circiter 20, antheris puniceis;

styli 2-3. Fructus globosus vel ovatus, 0°6 cm. longus, saturate ruber,

tomento laxo plus minusve obtectus; pyrenae saepissime 2, compresso-

ovoideae, apice floccosae.—W. J. BEAN.

The Cotoneaster which forms the subject of our figure

was discovered in 1886 on limestone mountains in South-

western Yunnan at altitudes of about 8,000 feet above

sea-level by the late Abbé Delavay. Young plants were

raised in 1888 from seeds sent by him to the Jardin des

Plantes, Paris, whence, six years later, the plant from

which material for our illustration has been prepared

was sent to Kew. In collections C. pannosa is sometimes

confused with C. Franchetii, Bois, to which it is closely

allied. Both have the same marked elegance in growth

and both are characterised by a thick tomentum on the

young shoots, lower surface of the leaves, pedicels and

calyx. But C. pannosa is readily distinguished from C.

ranchetii by its smaller leaves with longer petioles, purer

white and more spreading petals, and smaller fruits of a

duller deeper red. In the fruiting spray depicted on our

plate it will be observed that the majority of the fruits

JANUARY, 1915,

are oval, only those towards the ends of the branches

being globose or nearly so. Sometimes, however, the

proportion of globose to oval fruits is reversed, and taken

generally, globose fruits outnumber those that are oval.

Few shrubs are better adapted for a poor natural soil,

such as that of Kew, than the Cotoneasters, and C. pan-

nosa is no exception to this rule. It is perfectly hardy

and thrives admirably in loam of good or even moderate

quality. Propagation is easily effected by means of late

summer cuttings in gentle heat or, more slowly, by the

seed of which it produces such plentiful crops. This and

- other species of the genus are to be recommended for

gardens situated on calcareous formations.

Description.—Shrub with deciduous foliage, about

8 ft. high, of lax graceful habit ; young branches slender,

clothed at first with a pale brown tomentum, ultimately

glabrous and dark purple on the side exposed to the sun.

Leaves ovate to elliptical, cuneate at the base, acute to

bluntish or rounded at the apex, entire, 1-1! ins. long,

é-s In. wide, dull green and at first sparingly pilose

above, clothed beneath with a whitish felt; lateral

nerves oblique, four to six; petiole up to ' in. long,

tomentose. Corymbs 1-11 ins. wide, terminal on short

leafy twigs, 15-25-flowered, opening in late June or early

July. lowers { to 3 in. wide; calyx-lobes 5, triangular-

ovate, densely woolly; petals 5, spreading, orbicular ;

stamens about 20, with pink anthers; styles 2 or 3.

fruit roundish to oval, 4 in. long, deep red, covered

more or less with a loose tomentum. Pyrenes usually 2,

compressed-ovoid, floccose at the broad end. ,

Fig. 1, bud; 2, a flower in vertical section; 3 and 4, stamens; 5, a pyrene :—

all enlarged,

+t

|

| 1

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M.S.del. IN-Fitch lth.

Vincent Brooks,Day &Sen. Leta

L. Reeve & C° Loidon

Tap, 8595 A.

MESEMBRYANTHEMUM tuaecatum.

South Africa.

FicoipEaE, Tribe MESEMBRYEAE.

MESEMBRYANTHEMUM, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 858.

Mesembryanthemum thecatum, N. H. Br.; species nova M. fraterno,

N. E. Br., affinis, sed plantulis coeruleo-viridibus punctis minoribus et

minus conspicuis floribus roseo-purpureis et staminibus paucioribus

differt.

Herba parva, acaulis, succulenta, caespitosa, glabra. Folia in. corpuscula

obconica, apice leviter convexo-truncata, 7-10 mm. diametro fusa, coeruleo-

viridia, punctis sordide viridibus conspersa, fissura centrali 3 mm. longa,

een et ovaria includentia. Calyx tubulosus, apice 4-lobus, mem-

ranaceus, albidus; lobi ovati vel obovati, obtusi. Corolla gamopetala,

1-2-1°5 cm. diametiens, roseo-purpurea, luteo-oculata; petala difformia,

exteriora 12-16, 2-seriata, 6-8 mm. longa, 1°5-2 mm. lata, cuneato-linearia,

apice obtusa vel denticulata, roseo-purpurea; interiora 12-16, brevissima,

linearia, acuminata, lutea, interdum apice roseo-purpurea. Stamina 8,

2-seriata, medium tubum corollae attingentia, lutea. Stylus 1°5-2 mm.

longus, staminibus brevior, apice 4-lobus, viridis.—N. E. Brown.

The pleasing little Mesembryanthemum here for the first

time described belongs to a group of species in that

large genus characterised by each branch or division of

the plant bearing at any one time but one pair of leaves

which are united for the whole or for part of their extent

into one mass, technically termed a “ corpusculum.”

When a fresh pair of leaves, united in anew corpusculum,

is being formed, the pair of the previous growth gradually

shrivel to a papery consistence through which the new

growth bursts. In the case of M. thecatum, depicted in

the upper half of our plate, the two leaves of each suc-

ceeding growth are united throughout and completely

envelop the peduncle and ovary, leaving at their apex

a mere fissure from which the actual flower protrudes.

The species is one of the novelties discovered by Professor

Pearson, Director of the National Botanic Garden of

South Africa at Kirstenbosch near Cape Town, in the

course of his very fruitful journey to the Orange River

undertaken in 1910-11 under the auspices and with the

JANUARY, 1915,

assistance of the Percy Sladen Trust. It was met with

growing on dry ridges south of Bakhuis in the Van

Rhynsdorp Division of Cape Colony, and the plant from

which our figure has been prepared formed part of a

very valuable collection of succulents collected by Pro-

fessor Pearson and his fellow-traveller on the expedition,

Mr. N.S. Pillans, which was presented to Kew in 1911.

It has thriven well and flowered freely under the con-

ditions suitable for Mesembryanthemums generally. Its

flowers open in the morning and close at night, and are

devoid of scent; each flower lasts from four to six days.

Description.—-//erb, small, stemless, succulent, tufted,

glabrous. Leaves consolidated in obconic bodies, some-

what convex-truncate at the tip, about 1} in. thick,

bluish-green with dull green markings, central chink } in.

long, concealing the peduncle and the ovary. Calyx

tubular, 4-lobed at the tip, membranous, whitish; lobes

ovate or obovate, obtuse. Corolla gamopetalous, }—2 in.

across, rose-purple with a yellow eye; petals of two

types, the outer 12-16 are 2-seriate, 1—} in. long, 4!, in.

or less in width, linear-cuneate with blunt or denticulate

tips, rose-purple throughout, the inner 12-16 are very

short, linear, acuminate, yellow, sometimes rose-purple at

the tips. Stamens 8, 2-seriate, reaching the middle of the

corolla-tube, yellow. Style } in. long or less, shorter than

the stamens, 4-lobed at the tip, green.

Fig. 1, vertical section through a flower and the upper part of a plant ;

2, outer and inner petals; 8, style and stigmas :—all enlarged,

TaB. 8595 B.

MESEMBRYANTHEMUM stytosvum.

South Africa.

Ficorpkak. Tribe MESEMBRYEAE.

MESEMBRYANTHEMUM, Linn., Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 853.

Mesembryanthemum stylosum, N. HE. Br.; species nova M, bilobo, Marl.,

affinis sed major, lobis quam corpuscula longioribus et stylo staminibus

longiori differt.

Herba parva, acaulis, sueculenta, laxe caespitosa, glabra. Folia in corpuscula

oblonga, apice 2-loba connata, 2°5-5 cm. alta, 1*2-1°5 cm. lata, 0°8-2 em.

crassa, glauco-viridia, epunctata, lobi ad 2 em. longi, obtusi, facie interiore

plani, dorso rotundati vel obscure carinati, compressi, saepe obliqui;

ovarium inclusum. Calyx tubulosus, apice 4~6-lobus, inclusus vel ex

parte exsertus; lobi 3-6 mm. longi, 1*5-2°5 mm. lati, oblongi, obtusi vel

subacuti, submembranacei vel virides. Corolla gamopetala, 2-3°5 cm.

diametiens, lutea ; petala 45-56, 3-4-seriata, 1-1°S cm, longa, 1-1°5 mm.

lata, linearia, obtusa. Stamina numerosa, breviter exserta, pallide lutea,

Stylus apice 5-6-lobus ; lobisubulati, rubro-aurantiaci, ultra stamina longe

exserti—N. E. Brown,

The interesting Mesembryanthemum which occupies the

lower half of our plate is another of the fruits of the

Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition to the Orange River,

led in 1910-11 by Professor Pearson of Cape Town.

Like its companion this species, J/. stylosum, is a hitherto

uncharacterised one, belonging to the same natural group,

though in this instance the welding of the two leaves

forming each corpusculum is much less complete and the

resultant bodies are deeply 2-lobed at the apex. J.

stylosum was collected on the plains between Chubiessis

and Stinkfontein in Little Namaqualand, and the plant

from which our illustration has been prepared formed

part of the same munificent accession to the succulent

collection at Kew for which the institution is indebted to

the Percy Sladen Trust and to the travellers who, thanks

to their assistance, were enabled to investigate so

thoroughly the vegetation of a considerable portion of

western Cape Colony. The flowers in M. stylosum are

bright yellow; they open in the day time and only in

bright sunshine. They last for five to six days and are

JANUARY, 1915.

without odour. The species thrives well under the

conditions suitable for fleshy-leaved Mesembryanthe-

mums, of which there is at Kew a large collection. They

are most successfully cultivated in a sunny greenhouse

or frame, except during summer, when they are placed.

in the open air. They enjoy a fair allowance of water

at the root whilst in growth, but require little or none

during winter when they are at rest.

Duscrietion.—Verb, small, stemless, succulent, loosely

tufted, glabrous. Leaves fused below in oblong bodies

with 2-lobed apices, 1-2 in. long, 3-3 in. wide, }-} in.

thick, glaucous-green, unblotched ; lobes up to { in. long,

obtuse, flat on the ventral, rounded or indistinctly keeled

on the dorsal face, compressed, often oblique; ovary

enveloped by the base of the mass. Calyx tubular, 4-6-

lobed at the tip, included or partly exserted ; lobes }—} in.

long up to +); in. wide, oblong, obtuse or subacute, some-

what membranous or green. Corolla gamopetalous,

3-11 in, across, yellow; petals 45-56, 3-4-seriate, 4—} in.

long, 7 in. wide, linear, obtuse. Stamens many, shortly

exserted, pale yellow. Style 5-6-lobed at the tip; lobes

subulate, reddish-orange, exserted far beyond the stamens.

Fig. 1, a stamen; 2, style and stigmas :—all enlarged.

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London.

°

L. Reeve &C

Tas. 8596.

TILLANDSIA Regina.

Brazil.

BroMEuiaceak. Tribe TILLANDSIEAE.

TituanpsiA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 669.

Tillandsia Regina, Vell. Fl. Flum. vol. iii. t. 142, et in Arch. Mus, Nac. Rio,

vol. v. p. 29; Baker, Handb. Bromel. p. 227, pro parte; species I. imperiali,

C. H. Wright (Vriesiae imperiali, Mez) affinis, floribus distichis nec secundis

differt.

Herba majuscula, acaulis. Folia circiter 30 rosulatim disposita, e basi ovata

lorata, acuminata, recurva, glauca, subtus dense minuteque lepidota,

1-1-3 m. longa, 7-10 cm. lata. Pedwneulus 1 m. altus, bracteis apice

recurvatis supra gradatim minoribus dense vestitus; panicula 1 m. alta;

bracteae ad basin ramorum elliptico-ovatae, acuminatae, 9 cm. longae,

3°5 cm. latae, marginibus roseo-tinctis ; bracteolae ovato-deltoideae,

concavae, acutae, 4 cm. longae, 1°2 cm, latae. Sepala oblonga, obtusa,

4 cm. longa, 5 mm. lata. Petala oblonga, obtusa, alba vel lutea, 8 cm.

longa, 1 cm. lata; squamae basales 2 cm. longae, 5 mm. latae. Filamenta

9 em. longa; antherae lineares. Ovariwm conicum.—Vriesia Regina,

Antoine, Bromel. p. 12, tt. 9-10; Morren in Belg. Hort. 1874, p. 825;

André in Ill. Hort. vol. xxii. 1875, p. 54; Gard. Chron. 1875, vol iii.

p. 235, fig. 41; Wittm. in Gartenfl. 1891, p. 160, fig. 46-47; Mez in

Mart. Flor. Bras. vol. iii. pars 8, p. 569, et in DC. Monogr. vol. ix. p. 615.

V. Regina, var. Glazioviana, Wawra in Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. vol, xxx.

p. 218, ef in Itin. Princip. Coburg. p. 164. V. Glazioviana, Lem. in Ill.

Hort. vol. xiv. 1867, t. 516, ef Misc. p. 43, fig. 2; Morren in Belg. Hort.

1882, p. 385; Regel, Gartenfl. 1868, p. 168; Rev. Hort. Belg. 1903, p. 82.

V. gigantea, Regel, Gartenfl. 1867, p. 885.—C. H. Wricur.

The large Bromeliad here figured is a native of the

forests in the provinces of Rio Janeiro and San Paulo in

Southern Brazil and has been in cultivation in Europe

for upwards of half a century. There are excellent

figures of the plant published by Antoine from an

example which flowered in the Hofburg Gardens at

Vienna in 1874, while it has since then been figured

several times, occasionally under synonyms other than

the accepted name Tillandsia Regina, Vell. This variety

of names has been due to the circumstance that the

plant itself exhibits some degree of variation; its flowers

may be white or yellow and sometimes change from the

former to the latter colour during the flowering period.

T. Regina has been in cultivation at Kew for many

Frervary, 1915, :

au

years. Thirty years ago there was a large plant in the

Victoria regia House, where it was grown in a pot over

the lily tank. The plant from which the material for

our figure has been derived was raised as an offset from

the original plant and was about thirty years old when

it flowered in the Mexican Section of the Temperate

House, Kew, in May, 1912, dying down soon afterwards.

It is of interest to note that in July, 1912, another plant

of the same species flowered in the Royal Botanic

Garden, Glasnevin. A sufficient supply of seeds has

been matured so that it has been possible to raise a

stock of young plants. 7. Regina belongs to the section

Vriesia, which differs from Tillandsia proper in having

scales at the base of the petals within. The only species

with which it has been confused is 7. imperialis, C. H.

Wright, which is readily distinguished by the flowers

being secundly disposed on the branches. There is

another species of the same section, even more closely

allied to 7. Regina, which has been figured at t. 8192 of

this work. The species in question, 7. Slokii, Hort., is

however, easily recognised by its leaves with red blotches

and its blood-red bracts. :

Description.—Herb of large size, stemless. Leaves

about 30, rosulate, lorate from an ovate base, acuminate,

recurved, glaucous, densely finely lepidote beneath,

34-44 ft. long, 3-4 in. wide. Peduncle 3} ft. high,

- densely clothed with bracts recurved at the tips,

gradually diminishing upwards; panicle 3} ft. long;

bracts at the base of the panicle-branches elliptic-ovate,

acuminate, 3} in. long, 14 in. wide, with rose-coloured

margins ; bracteoles ovate-deltoid, concave, acute, 1} in.

long, } in. wide. Sepals oblong, obtuse, 14 in. long, 4 in,

wide. Petals oblong, obtuse, white or yellow, 34 in. long,

over } in. wide; basal scales 2 in. long, } in. wide.

. es :

Filaments 35 in. long; anthers linear. Ovary conical.

Fig. 1, a petal, showing the basal scales; 2, an anther; 3, ovary; 4, stigma;

5, sketch of the entire plant :—all enlarged except 5, which is eal A voile

TaB. 8597.

MORMODES TIGRINUM.

Upper Amazon.

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe VANDEAE.

Mormopss, Lindl.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 552.

Mormodes tigrinum, Rodr. Gen. et*Sp. Orch. Nov. vol. i. p. 181; Cogn. in

Mart. Flor. Bras. vol. iii. pars 5, p. 885, t. 82; a M. igneo, Lindl., seapis

brevioribus, floribus copiose brunneo-maculatis et labello breviore differt.

Herba epiphytica; pseudobulbi erecti, fusiformi-oblongi, multi-articulati, recti

vel vix arcuati, 10-17 cm. longi, 2°5-4 em. lati, apice subattenuati,

paucifolii, vaginis membranaceis arcte adpressis vestitis. Folia elongato- —

lanceolata, acuta, subundulata, plicata, arcuata, 30-50 cm. longa, 4-6 cm. ©

lata. Scapi axillares, erecti, crassiusculi, 10-15 cm. longi, basi vaginis

paucis tubulosis vestiti, multiflori; bracteae ovato-oblongae, subacutae

vel obtusae, concavae, 5-8 mm. longae ; pedicelli 2°5-38 cm. longi. Flores

mediocres, speciosi. Sepala patentia vel reflexa, oblongo-lanceolata,

subacuta, 2°5-8 cm. longa, ochroleuca, copiose purpureo-maculata.

Petala elliptico-oblonga, subacuta, 2°5-3 em. longa, ochroleuca, copiose

purpureo-maculata. Labellum carnosum, basi angustum, erectum, dein

oblique incurvo-ascendens, indivisum, late subdeltoideo-reniforme,

2°5-8 cm. longum, apice acutiusculum, marginibus valde revolutis

expansis 2-2°5 cm. longis, luteum, copiose brunneo-maculatum. Columna

oblique incurva, clavata, apiculata, 1°5 cm. longa; anthera apiculata;

pollinia 2, cerea, oblonga, stipiti loriformi affixa ; glandula squamiformis.

—R. A. Rore.

The striking Orchid which forms the subject of our

illustration belongs to the genus Mormodes, which is

most nearly allied to Catasetwm, Rich., but differs there-

from in its hermaphrodite flowers, and in the oblique

twisting to one side of the lip, the margins of which are

also sharply recurved so as to form a tube which rests

upon the equally oblique apex of the column. The

method of fertilisation was discussed by the late

Mr. Darwin. The species was originally discovered in

the forests of the Rio Negro and was described in 1877,

from specimens collected there, by the late Mr. Barbosa

Rodrigues. Some twelve years afterwards it was again met

with in the Rio Negro district and was then introduced

to cultivation by Messrs. Sander and Sons, St. Albans,

in whose establishment a plant flowered in 1890. Ata

later date it was introduced afresh, this time from the

Frsruary, 1915.

Amazon district, by Messrs. Hugh Low and Company.

The plant from which our plate has been prepared is one

which was purchased, when in flower, in February, 1914,

for the Kew collection from Messrs. Sander. It formed

part of a recent importation, once more from the Upper

Amazon district, though the precise locality is not

indicated, sent to St. Albans by Mr. Forget. The

nearest ally of M. tigrinum is M. igneum, Lindl., a

Peruvian species from which it is distinguished by its

differently coloured flowers with a shorter lip. Both

species thrive well in a tropical house under the conditions

suitable for species of Catasetum.

Drscription.—Jlert, epiphytic; pseudobulbs erect,

fusiform-oblong, many-jointed, straight or very slightly

curved, 4-7 in. long, 1-1} in. wide, rather narrowed

upwards, few-leaved, clothed with closely adpressed

membranous sheaths. Leaves elongate-lanceolate, acute

slightly undulate, plicate, curved, 1-1} ft. long, 1}-2} in.

wide. Scapes axillary, erect, rather stout, 4-6 in. long,

clothed at the base with a few tubular sheaths, many-

flowered; bracts ovate-oblong, subacute or obtuse,

concave, 5—; in. long; pedicels 1-11 in. long. Flowers

medium-sized, showy. Sepals spreading or reflexed,

oblong-lanceolate, subacute, 1-1} in. long, yellow with

numerous purple blotches. Petals elliptic-oblong, sub-

acute, 1-1 in. long, yellow with numerous purple

blotches. Lip fleshy, narrowed at the base, at first erect

then obliquely ascending and incurved, entire, widely

and somewhat deltoidly reniform, 1—1 ¢ in. long, rather

acute at the tip, the margins strongly revolute, when

flattened out 3-1 in. long, yellow with numerous brown

markings. Column obliquely incurved, clavate, apiculate,

5 in. long; anther apiculate ; pollinia 2, waxy, oblong,

supported by a thong-like stipe, with a scale-like gland.

Fig. 1, colamn with lower part of lip; 2, anther-cap; 3, pollinarium all

enlarged.

8598

M.S.del.J-N Pitch tith Vincent Brooks,D ay &Son. Lttimp.

TaB. 8598.

RHODODENDRON MovuprmnENsE.

Western China.

EricackakE, Tribe RHODOREAE.

RwopvopENDRON, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 599.

Rhododendron (§ Lepidorhodium) moupinense, Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot.

Fr, vol. xxxiii. p. 283 (1886) ; et in Nowv. Arch. Mus. Paris, sér. II. vol. x.

p-52, t. 12 (1887-88) ; Rehder et Wilson in Sargent Pl, Wilsonianae, pars 3,

p. 525 (1918) ; Bean in Kew Bull, 1914, p. 203, cum icon. ; species ramulis

nigro-pilosis, foliis subverticillatis basi subcordatis, petiolis nigro-pilosis,

floribus magnis 1-3-natis corollae lobis profunde emarginatis valde distincta.

Frutex circiter 0:7 m. altus, silvestris saepe epipbyticus ; rami superne foliati,

subteretes, circiter 2°5 mm. crassi, nigro-pilosi, demum glabri. Folia

subverticillata, oblongo-elliptica vel ovato-elliptica, apice abrupte et obtuse

mucronata, basi rotundata vel subcordata, 2-4°5 em. longa, 1-2°5 cm.

lata, rigide coriacea, margine valde recurvata, saepius ciliata, demum

glabra, supra glabra costa parce puberula excepta, leviter verrucosa,

infra glandulis flavis dense lepidota ; costa basi 1°25 mm. lata, ad apicem

leviter sensim angustata; nervi laterales plerumque 8, alterni, e costa

sub angulo 45° abeuntes, supra paullo immersi, minute flexuosi, infra vix

conspicui; petioli crassi, 3-5 mm. longi, plerumque dense nigro-pilosi.

Flores terminales, 1-3-nati, breviter pedicellati; pedicelli ad 7 mm. longi,

minute puberuli, 1°25 mm. crassi. Perulae late ovato-orbiculares,

-mucronulatae, usque ad 1°5 cm. longae, extra parce glandulosae,

ciliolatae, superne carmineae. Calyx bene evolutus, foliaceus, 5-lobus,

lobis suborbicularibus 8 mm. latis parce ciliolatis extra albido-glandu-

losis. . Corolla alba, 6 cm. expansa, in tubi parte posteriore rubro-

maculata; tubus late infundibuliformis, 2°5-38°5 cm. longus, extra glaber,

intus inferne molliter pubescens; lobi 5, patentes, profunde emarginati,

2 cm. longi, 2-2°5 cm. lati. Stamina 10, breviter exserta ; filamenta

2°8-2°5 cm. longa, inferne pilis albis patulis pilosa; antherae conspicuae,

5-6 mm. longae, carmineae. Ovariwm basi disco carnoso 1 mm. alto

glabro circumdatum, 5-loculare, ovoideum, circiter 4 mm. altum, viride,

dense lepidotum; stylus exsertus, 2°5-3 cm, longus, glaber, stigmate

capitato 2 mm. diametro coronatus. Fructus pedicello 1-1°3 cm. longo,

1°25 mm. crasso suffultus, anguste ellipsoideus, 2 cm. longus, 1 cm.

diametro, lepidotus, primum stylo indurato rostratus, demum erostratus,

endocarpio crustaceo.—J. HurcHinson.

The pleasing Rhododendron here figured is a native of

the mountains of Szechuan in Western China, where it

occurs at altitudes of 6,000-10,000 feet above sea-level.

It was first found in 1870, in the neighbourhood of Mou-

pine, by the late Abbé David. It was again met with

on Mount Omi and on neighbouring mountains by Mr.

E. H. Wilson in 1908, and our figure has been prepared

Fresrvuary, 1915.

from a plant raised from Wilson’s seed of this last

gathering, received at Kew from the Arnold Arboretum

in the spring of 1909. The species was described from

the Abbé David’s specimens by the late Mr. Franchet as

f. moupinense. It is a very distinct plant readily

recognised in the section with glandular leaves by the

subverticelled somewhat cordate leaves, the large leafy

calyx, the black-pilose twigs and petioles, the large

white corollas spotted with red within the posterior side

of the tube, and by the large conspicuous carmine

anthers. The species is of sturdy dense habit, and as

young plants speedily reach the flowering stage, blossom-

ing for the first time when three or four years old and

only a few inches in height, it is admirably adapted for

the Rock Garden. According to Wilson it reaches a

height of two to four feet and is usually found growing

upon evergreen oaks and other broad-leaved trees. But

in spite of its epiphytic character it appears to thrive

very well in the sandy peat in which rhododendrons as a

whole do so well. It has hitherto flowered in February

and March, a date so early as to render the blossoms

liable to injury by frost.

DrscripTion.—Shrub, usually about 23 ft. high, in the

wild state often epiphytic; branches leafy upwards,

_ subterete, y'5-} in. thick, black-pilose, at length glabrous.

Leaves somewhat verticillate, oblong-elliptic or ovate-

elliptic, apex abruptly and bluntly mucronate, base

rounded or subcordate, 3-12 in. long, 1-1 in. wide,

firmly coriaceous, margin strongly recurved, usually

ciliate, at length glabrous, above glabrous save for the

sparingly puberulous midrib, slightly verrucose, beneath

densely lepidote with yellow glands; midrib slightly

narrowed from base to apex; lateral nerves usually 8,

alternate, leaving the midrib at an angle of 45 degrees,

slightly sunk above and faintly flexuous, beneath incon-

spicuous; petioles stout, }-! in. long, usually densely

black-pilose. Flowers terminal, 1-3-nate, shortly pedi-

celled, pedicels about { in. long, finely puberulous,

slender. Perulae widely ovate-orbicular, mucronulate,

over 4 in. long, sparingly glandular outside, ciliolate,

scarlet towards the tip. Calya well-developed, foliaceous,

5-lobed, the lobes suborbicular, } in. wide, sparingly

ciliolate, outside white-glandular. Corolla white, 2} in.

across, red-dotted within the tube behind: tube wide

funnel-shaped, 1-1} in. long, glabrous outside, softly

pubescent in the lower portion within ; lobes 5, spreading,

deeply emarginate, 3 in. long, 3-1 in. wide. Stamens 10,

shortly exserted ; filaments about 1 in. long, pilose low

down with white spreading hairs; anthers conspicuous,

about { in. long, carmine. Ovary surrounded at the base

by a shallow fleshy glabrous disk, 5-locular, ovoid, about

« in. long, green, densely lepidote; style exserted, 1-1}

in. long, glabrous; stigma capitate, ;4, in. across. Fruit

supported on a slender pedicel 4—} in; long, narrow-

ellipsoid, } in. long, ? in. across, lepidote, tipped at first

by the hardened style, but at length beakless; endocarp

crustaceous.

Fig. 1, upper half of a leaf showing the mucronate apex and the glandular

scales on the lower surface; 2, scales; 3, calyx and pistil; 4, section of calyx

and the ovary; 5 and 6, stamens; 7, transverse section of ovary :—ail enlarged.

BIG

M.S.del JN-Fitch ith

Vincent Brooks Day&Sonl ttimp

L. Reeve & C° London

Tas. 8599.

EUGENIA wnrrrora.

Tropical South America.

MyrtTackAr.

Eveenta, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 718.

Eugenia uniflora, Linn., Sp. Pl. p. 470; Duthie in Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. ii.

p. 505; species H. ligustrinae, Willd., affinis sed foliis latioribus, petio-

lisque brevioribus facile distinguenda.

Frutex vel arbor parva, ramulis teretibus glabris, internodiis foliis subaequi-

longis. Folia opposita, ovato-elliptica, apice obtuse acuminata, basi

rotundata, usque ad 6 cm. longa et 3°5 cm. lata, pagina inferiore costa

nervis reticulationeque prominentibus, superiore costa leviter impressa,

nervis et reticulatione prominulis, nervis lateralibus utrinque numerosis

marginem versus anastomosantibus, integra, glabra, punctata, petiolo

usque ad 3 mm, longo suffulta. Flores solitarii, axillares, saepissime

remoti; pedunculus teres, usque ad 3°5 em. longus, glaber. Sepala 4,

declinata, persistentia, in fructu maturo erecta vel leviter ineurva,

oblonga, subobtusa, 5 mm. longa, 2°5 mm. lata, ciliolata. Petala 4, alba,

declinata, oblongo-obovata, apice rotundata, 7 mm. longa, 4°5 mm. lata,

ciliolata. Stamina numerosa, 3-4-seriata, filamentis usque ad 6 mm.

longis glabris, antheris 0°75 mm. longis. Receptaculwm late turbinatum,

glabrum. Stylus simplex, 6 mm. longus, glaber. Fructus plus minusve

sphaericus, 2°5-8 em. diametro, profunde sulcatus, ruber, sepalis per-

sistentibus erectis coronatus.—H. Micheliz, Lamk, Encye. Meth. vol. iii.

p. 203; DC, Prodr. vol. iii. p. 263. EH. Willdenowi, DC. Prodr. vol. iii.

p. 265. H. Parkeriana, DC. Prodr. vol. iii. p. 271. Myrtus brasiliana,

Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 674. Plinia rubra, Linn. Mant. pars 2, p. 243. P. pedun-

culata, Linn, f. Suppl. p. 253; Bot. Mag. t. 473. Stenocalyx Michelii,

Berg in Mart. Flor. Bras. vol. xiv. pars 1, p. 8337.—W. B. Turriiu.

The member of the Myrtle family which is here de-

picted is a species which was already figured in this

work, at t. 473, more than a century ago. This species,

Eugenia uniflora, is a native of Brazil and other parts of

tropical America, but there are few tropical regions in

which it is not cultivated, while in many it has become

naturalised and established as a denizen in the vegetation.

The specimen on which Linnaeus originally based_his

diagnosis came as a matter of fact from India: This

may help to account for the fact that when he had to

deal with a specimen of the same plant from a country

of which it is really a native the illustrious Swede re-

named it Plinia pedunculata, under which synonym it

was described in these pages in 1799. We have not,

Freruary, 1915,

however, taken the unusual course of supplying a second

portrait of the same species owing to the fact that in the

previous instance it was alluded to under an unnecessary

name, but because in 1799 the fruit, which is not always

to be met with in cultivated specimens, could not then

be illustrated. The plant from which the material for

our plate has been derived is one which was presented to

Kew by the Director of the Jardin Colonial, Paris, under

the name £. Michelii, Lamk. It has been grown in the

great Palm House in a pot and has formed a much-

branched shrub, some seven feet in height. There it

fruited freely in May, 1914, and has enabled us to supple-

ment the original plate. The fruits are edible. The

specimen now figured, like that figured in 1799, is typical

of the species, which, however, exhibits a certain degree

of variation in the disposition of the flowers.

DrscripTion.—Shrub or small tree; twigs terete and

glabrous, internodes about as long as the leaves. Leaves

opposite, ovate-elliptic, with an obtusely acuminate

apex and a rounded base, up to 2} in. long and 1} in.

broad; on the lower surface midrib, nerves, and smaller

veins raised, on the upper midrib slightly impressed, but

the nerves and smaller veins slightly raised; lateral

nerves numerous on each side of the midrib, anastomos-

ing towards the entire margin; lamina glabrous and

punctate, supported by a petiole which is up to + in.

long. lowers solitary, axillary, usually distant;

peduncle terete, up to 14 in. long, glabrous. Sepals 4,

declinate, persistent, erect or slightly incurved in the

mature fruit, oblong, subobtuse, } in. long, +, in. broad,

somewhat ciliate. Petals 4, white, declinate, oblong-

obovate, with a rounded apex, over } in. long, + in.

broad, somewhat ciliate. Stamens numerous, 3-4 seriate ;

filaments glabrous, up to } in. long; anthers very short.

Receptacle glabrous, broadly turbinate. Style simple, } in.

long, glabrous. uit more or less spherical, 1-1} in. in

diametér, deeply sulcate, red, crowned by the persistent

sepals,

Fig. 1, a flower; 2, calyx and pistil; 8, anther; 4, transverse section of

ovary near base; 5, the same, near the apex ; 6, transverse section of fruit :—

all enlarged except 6, which is of natural size.

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CIRRHOPETALUM FLetcuEeRIANuM.

New Guinea.

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe EpIDENDREAE.

Crrrnoretatum, Lindl.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 504.

Cirrhopetalum Fletcherianum, Rolfe; species a C. robusto, Rolfe, foliis

multo longioribus et glaucis, floribus multo majoribus, purpureo-suffusis

et maculatis, sepalis acuminatis valde differt.

Herba magna, epiphytica. Rhizoma validum. Pseudobulbi approximati, sub-

globosi vel quadrati, subcompressi, transverse corrugati ef purpureo-

lineati, 2-6 cm. lati, monophylli. Folia sessilia, elliptica vel oblonga,

obtusa, coriacea, glauca, purpureo-marginata, 5-35 cm. longa, 3-10 cm.

lata. Scapi laterales, breves, robusti, umbellati, 5-7-flori. Bracteae

ignotae. Pedicelli 4 cm. longi. lores maximi, purpureo-suffusi et

maculati. Sepalwm posticum incurvum, ovato-oblongum, acuminatum,

subconcavum, 6-7 em. longum; sepala lateralia recurva, medio connata,

lanceolato-oblonga, apice valde acuminata et libera, 9-10 cm. longa,

marginibus revolutis. Petala ovata, apice acuminata, subacuta, circiter

2°3em. longa. Labellwm unguiculatum, subcarnosum, cordato-ovatum,

apice recurvum et subobtusum, circiter 1 cm. longum, disco obtuse

bicarinato. Colwmna lata, circiter 1 cm. longa; dentes breves, acuti.—

Bulbophyllum Fletcherianwm, Hort.; Gard. Chron. 1914, vol, ly. pp. 320,

821, fig. 142; Orch. Rev. 1914, p. 164.—R. A. Roxre.

The very striking Orchid of which a figure is here

given was first imported to England from New Guinea

by Messrs. Hugh Low and Company, Enfield, and at

once attracted attention. Its long pendulous leaves

with a glaucous upper surface suggested comparison

with the genus Phalaenopsis, owing to the resemblance

they bore to those of P. Schilleriana; at the same

time the pseudobulbs indicated affinity with the genus

Bulbophyllum. In May, 1914, a plant in the possession of

Mr. E. V. Low, Vale Bridge Nursery, Hayward’s Heath,

produced an inflorescence. This plant later became the

property of the Rev. J. C. B. Fletcher, Mundham

Vicarage, Colchester, by whom it was exhibited at a

meeting of the Royal Horticultural Society under the

name Bulbophyllum Fletcherianum. From a water colour

sketch of the plant and a single flower presented to Kew

Marca, 1915.

by Mr. Fletcher, supplemented by the use of a living

plant kindly lent for the purpose by Messrs. Stuart Low

and Company, Jarvisbrook, Sussex, it has been possible

to prepare the accompanying plate. The species is

not a Bulbophyllum, if that name be employed in its

proper and more restricted sense, but a Cirrhopetalum.

Its affinity is not very clear, but it bears a rather remote

resemblance to another New Guinea species, which has

been figured at t. 7557 of this work as C’. robustum, Rolfe,

which has, however, much smaller green leaves and

much smaller flowers. The leaf in the background of

our plate is a portrait of one of the leaves on

Mr. Fletcher’s plant; the largest of the leaves on that

plant, it may be added, was fourteen inches long. The

smaller plant, shown entire on our plate, is that in the

possession of Messrs. Stuart Low and Company. It has

been propagated from a small side growth and as yet is

far from being fully developed. The cultivation suitable

for other species of Bulbophyllum and Cirrhopetalum has

been found appropriate for this species.

Description.—J//erb of considerable size, epiphytic.

Rootstock stout; pseudobulbs close-set, subglobose or

quadrate, somewhat compressed, transversely wrinkled

and streaked with purple lines, 3~21 in. across, 1-foliate.

Leaves sessile, elliptic or oblong, obtuse, coriaceous,

glaucous, purple-edged, 2-14 in. long, 14-4 in. wide.

Scapes lateral, short, stout, umbellately 5-7-flowered ;

bracts not seen; pedicels 13 in. long. Flowers very

large for the genus, suffused and blotched with purple.

Sepals: posterior incurved, ovate-oblong, acuminate,

somewhat concave, 23-22 in. long; lateral recurved,

connate in the middle, lanceolate-oblong, finely acumin-

ate and free towards their tips, 33—4 in. long, their edges

revolute. Petals ovate, subacute with an acuminate tip,

rather less than 1 in. long, Lip clawed, rather fleshy,

cordate-ovate, tip recurved and somewhat blunt, about

3 in. long; disk bluntly 2-keeled. Column broad, about

+ In. long; teeth short, acute.

Fig. 1, a petal; 2, lip with column, showing the foot of the latter; 3, lip,

showing’ the claw; 4, front view of the column ; 5, pollinia :—all enlarged.

Vincent Brooks,Day & Son Ltt imp

MS.del.J N.Fitchlith.

. L-Reeve C° London.

Tap. 8601.

RHODODENDRON stAmMINeum.

Western China.

Eiricackak, Tribe RHoDOREAR.

RHODODENDRON, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 599.

Rhododendron (§ Choniastrum) stamineum, Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr.

vol. xxxiii. (1886) p. 286; Hemsl. in Jowrn. Linn, Soc. vol. xxvi. p. 80;

Hemsl. et Wilson in Kew Bull. 1910, p. 116; Rehder et Wilson in

Sargent Pl. Wilsonianae, p. 546; species in sectione Choniastro, Franch.,

staminibus longe exsertis valde distincta.

Frutex ; ramuli subteretes, circiter 8 mm. crassi, cortice glabro pallide brunneo

obtecti. Folia ovato-lanceolata, basi obtusa, apice sensim subobtuse

acuminata, 5-10 cm. longa, 2-3°5 em. lata, margine cartilaginea, rigide

coriacea, supra nitida, intense viridia, infra pallide viridia, utrinque glabra

et eglandulosa ; costa supra leviter impressa, infra prominens, basi circiter

1-5 mm. lata, apicem versus attenuata; nervi laterales venique utrinque

vix-distincti ; petioli 0° 5-1 cm. longi, 1:75 mm. crassi, supra anguste rimosi,

glabri. Inflorescentia circiter 10-nata; flores in fasciculos axillares 8-4-floros

dispositi; pedicelli 2 cm. longi, 0°5 mm. crassi, glabri. Calycis segmenta

5, subaequalia, lineari-lanceolata, obtusa, 1-3 mm. longa, membranacea,

glabra. Corolla infundibuliformis, alba, labio posteriore inferne flavo ;

tubus cylindricus, 1°3-1°5 cm. longus, circiter 3 mm. diametro, utrinque

glaber; lobi 5, subrecurvati, oblongo-lanceolati, subacuti, 1°5-2°5 cm.

longi, glabri. Stamina 10, magnopere exserta; filamenta usque ad 4 cm.

longa, inferne breviter albo-pilosa; antherae lutescentes, sicco fere albae,

ellipsoideae, 2 mm. longae. Ovariwm 5-loculare, elongatum, 4-5 mm.

longum, glabrum vel parce pubescens, eglandulosum ; stylus longe exsertus,

5 cm. longus, gracilis, glaber, stigmate subcapitato 2 mm. diametro

coronatus.—R. pittosporaefolium, Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xxvi.,

(1889), p. 29; Diels in Engl. Bot. Jahrb, vol. xxix. p. 515; Bean in Flora

& Sylva, vol. iii. p. 164. R. aucubaefolium, Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc.

l.e., p. 19, quoad Rces: folia ad Daphniphyllum macropodum pertinent ;

Bean in Flora & Sylva 1. c, 162.—J. Hurcuinson.

The Choniastrum section of the genus Lthododendron

includes a small and fairly compact group of seven species

distinguished from their congeners by the position of the

flowers, which are produced from axillary buds crowded

at the ends of the branches. This character is always

associated with eglandular persistent leaves and long

tubular funnel-shaped corollas; even the seed-pods in

this group have a facies of their own. Within the

Choniastrum group the subject of our illustration,

Marca, 1915,

Xt. stamineum, differs from its allies in having strikingly

long, far-exserted stamens. A native of Western China,

where it was met with by Mr. E. H. Wilson in 1900

when collecting on behalf of Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons,

it affects particularly rocky shady ravines; although

widely spread in that region, it is, according to Mr.

Wilson, nowhere really common. For the material from

which the accompanying plate has been prepared we are

indebted to Mr. J. C. Williams, Caerhays Castle, Gorran,

Cornwall, in whose renowned collection it flowered in

April, 1914. The plant by which that material was

provided grows, Mr. Williams informs us, on a steep

hillside which faces east, but is well sheltered on all

sides from the wind, with no shade save what is afforded

by the contour of the locality, and fully exposed to

whatever of sun its side of the hill receives. This plant,

which was obtained by Mr. Williams from Messrs. Veitch

in 1903 and is now nearly six feet in height and some

five feet through near the ground, has borne stray

flowers for three years and is now, in 1915, covered with

bud. At Caerhays R. stamineum has been tried in other

aspects, and the most vigorous individual plant in the

collection there is in partial shade on a hillside which

faces rather to the north of east. But while this

example of /. stamineum forms a beautiful evergreen

with a fine black-green foliage and young growths of a

charming bronze colour, it has not yet, although thirteen

years old, produced any flowers. Mr. Williams remarks

‘that in his experience the sun kills more plants at

Caerhays than does the frost, though the wind is always

the worst enemy, and that if only the wind can be kept

out, a hillside which faces east or north-east is preferable

for most of the Rhododendrons. From the experience

in other collections it would appear that R. stamineum is

not an easy plant to keep in vigorous health or to flower

freely. When success attends the effort, the pains

expended are well recompensed whether for the charm

of the form or the fragrance of the flowers. At Caerhays

it is propagated by means of layering.

Description.—-Shrub; twigs subterete, about 1 in.

thick ; bark glabrous, pale brown. Leaves ovate-lanceo-

late, gradually bluntly acuminate, base rounded, margin

cartilaginous, 2-4 in. long, 2-1} in. wide, firmly leathery,

shining and bright green above, pale green beneath,

glabrous on both sides and devoid of glands; midrib

slightly sunk above, raised beneath, widened towards

the leaf base, narrowed towards the leaf-tip; lateral

nerves and veins rather obscure on both surfaces ;

petiole 1—! in. long, slender, narrowly furrowed above,

glabrous. Jnjflorescence more or less 10-nate, its flowers

fragrant, arranged in 3—4-flowered axillary clusters ;

pedicels 3 in. long, slender, glabrous. Calyx 5-lobed ;

segments subequal, linear-lanceolate, blunt, } in. long or

shorter, membranous, glabrous. Corolla funnel-shaped,

white, upper lip yellow at the base; tube cylindric,

1-2 in. long, about } in. wide, glabrous without and

within; lobes 5, somewhat recurved, oblong-lanceolate,

subacute, 2-1 in. long, glabrous. Stwmens 10, far

exserted ; filaments up to 14 in. long, sparingly white-

pilose in the lower fourth; anthers yellowish, almost

white when dry, ellipsoid, jy; in. long. Ovary 5-celled,

elongate, 1-1 in. long, glabrous or sparingly pubescent,

eglandular; style far exserted, 2 in. long, slender,

glabrous ; stigma subcapitate, 1's in, across.

>

Fig. 1, upper portion of leaf; 2, pistil; 5, stamen; 4, anther; 5, transverse

section of ovary :—all enlarged.

oe a

Vineent Brooks Day &Son Let imp

M.S. del. JN Fitch lath.

L.Reeve &C° London.

Tas. 8602.

PINGUICULA GyPpsIcoLa.

Mexico.

LENTIBULARIACEAE,

Prneuicuna, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 988.

Pinguicula gypsicola, 7. S. Brandegee in Univ. Calif. Publ. vol. iv. p. 190

(1911); inter species sectionis Ochreosanthi heterophyllia egregia, foliis

aestivis e basi lanceolata linearibus longis distincta.

Herba, florens ad 9 cm. alta. Folia numerosa, heteromorpha: aestiva sub

anthesi exstantia e basi lanceolata linearia, marginibus revolutis, ad 5 vel

6 cm. longa, basi 6-7 mm. lata, pallide viridia, in pagina superiore

undique pilis viscoso-glandulosis vestita; hiberna more Sempervivorum

in rosulam densissimam circiter 2 cm. diametro congesta, spathulato-

oblonga, obtusa, ad 8 mm. longa, 3-3'5 mm. lata, facie plana, dorso

obtuse carinata, margine eglanduloso-ciliata, caeterum praeter apicem

glanduloso-pilosum glabra. Flores pedicellis 7-8 cm. longis glanduloso-

pilosis insidentes. Sepala late oblonga, obtusa, 2°5 mm. longa, inferiora

approximata, glanduloso-ciliata. Corolla purpurea, tubo perbrevi ore

albo; labium superum 2-fidum, segmentis lineari-oblongis superne

paululo latioribus fere 12 mm. longis ad 4 mm. latis; labium inferum

profunde 8-partitum, segmentis lineari-oblongis superne dilatatis sub-

truncatis, intermedio 12-13 mm. longo 5-5"5 mm. lato, lateralibus paululo

brevioribus vix angustioribus; 0s dense pilis albis stipatum ; calcar

gracile, apice 2-dentatum, purpurascens, ad 8 cm. longum, horizontaliter

patens vel subdescendens, tenuiter glanduloso-pilosiusculum. Stigma

labii superioris basi arcte applicatum, lobo superiore minuto apiculiformi,

inferiore late suborbiculato.—O. Starr.

The interesting Butterwort here figured is a native of

Mexico, where it was first discovered by Dr. Purpus in

1910 growing on wet gypsum rocks at Minas de San

Rafael in the State of San Luis Potosi. The plant from

which our plate has been prepared was purchased in

1912 from Mr. R. Graessner of Perleberg. Besides being

of pleasing aspect Pinguicula gypsicola 1s remarkable on

account of the heteromorphy of its leaves. Those

present at the time of flowering are, as depicted in our

main-figure, long-linear with widened base and, when

young, involute tips, and are two inches or so in length.

When flowering is over these long leaves gradually die

off centripetally, while in the crown a rosette is formed,

Marcu, 1915.

the leaves of which resemble those of some species of

Sempervivum. When finally the linear leaves have wholly

disappeared there is left only a compact rosette, some

three-quarters of an inch through, such as is shown in

fig. 5 of our plate, composed of winter-leaves one-third

of an inch long. After persisting for a time these winter-

Tosettes behave exactly like the summer ones ; their com-

ponent leaves gradually die off centripetally while a new

long-leaved flowering rosette gradually forms. So different

in appearance are these rosettes that when seen apart

no connection between them is suggested. The hairs of

the summer-leaves are all many-celled and gland-tipped ;

those of the winter-leaves vary, the cilia from the base

upwards to near the tip being unicellular and eglandular,

while at the tip the indumentum consists of many-celled

hairs ending in minute glands. The transition from the

summer- to the winter-rosette is fairly abrupt, and is

well indicated in fig. 7 of our plate. Still more abrupt,

however, is the passage from the winter- to the summer-

rosette. Summer-rosettes, before passing into the winter-

stage branch, though rather sparingly; these branches

develop into daughter-rosettes of the winter-stage which

may be detached and thus afford a means of propagation.

The plant apparently does not depend entirely upon a

gypsum substratum; at Kew it has thriven well and

flowered freely in July, when grown in sphagnum moss

kept saturated with water. Like many other species of

Pinquicula, P. gypsicola has shown considerable variation

in the size of the flower. At Kew the corolla-lobes have

been nearly half-an-inch long ; in the specimens described

by Mr. Brandegee the corolla-lobes were about half that

length. At Kew it has been found possible to raise

hybrids between P. gypsicola and P. caudata, Schlecht.,

another Mexican species.

Descriprion.—Herb, when in flower 35 in. high,

Leaves many, heteromorphous ; summer-leaves, when the

plant is in flower, linear from a rather wider lanceolate

base, 2-2} in. long, and at their origin about } in. wide,

with revolute margins, pale green, clothed throughout

the upper surface with viscid-glandular hairs; winter-

leaves clustcred in a very dense rosette about 2 in. across,

resembling that of a house-leek, each leaf spathulate-

oblong, obtuse, } in. long, about 1-4 in. wide, flat above,

bluntly keeled behind, margin ciliate but not glandular,

elsewhere glabrous except for the glandular-ciliate tip.

Flowers rather showy; pedicels glandular-pilose, about

3 in. long. Sepals wide-oblong, obtuse, ;!; in. long, the

lower close together, glandular-ciliate. Corolla purple,

tube very short, white; upper lip 2-fid, lobes linear-

oblong, slightly widened upwards, nearly 3 in. long, } in.

wide; lower lip deeply 3-partite, lobes linear-oblong,

widened upwards, somewhat truncate, the central lobe

quite 4 in. long, } in. wide, rather shorter but hardly

narrower than the lateral lobes; mouth densely beset

with white hairs; spur slender, 2-toothed at the tip,

purplish, over 1 in. long, horizontally spreading or

somewhat descending, sparsely glandular-puberulous.

Stigma closely applied to the base of the upper lip of the

corolla; upper stigmatic lobe minute, pointed, lower

broadly suborbicular.

Fig. 1, portion of a summer-leaf; 2, base of a flower, laid open; 3 and 4,

pistil; 5, a winter-rosette; 6, a winter-leaf; 7, latest phase of stage of

transition from a summer- to a winter-rosette:—all enlarged except 5 and 7,

_ which are of natural size.

S603.

Vincent Brooks Day &Son It#imp

M.S del. J.N Fitch lith.

L Reeve & C°London.

Tas. 8603.

LOTUS camMpyLocLapws, forma VILLOSIOR.

Canary Islands,

LEGUMINOSAE. Tribe LOTEAE.

Lorvus, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol, i. p. 490; Brand in Engl.

Jahrb, vol. xxv. p. 166.

Lotus (§ Pedrosia) campylocladus, Webb et Berth. Phyt. Canar, vol. ii.

p. 83, forma villosior, Sprague; caulibus, foliis, calycibus patule villosis,

foliolis longioribus agnoscendus.

Herba radice lignoso, a basi ramosa, caulibus ascendentibus basi lignescentibus

ramosis superne ut folia calycesque breviter densiuscule patule villosis ;

internodia in planta culta 1-2°5 cm. longa, in silvestribus ad 5 cm. longa.

Folia petiolata, trifoliolata; foliola subsessilia, cuneata, apice retusa vel

subtruncata, rarius rotundata, in planta culta 8-6 mm. longa, 1-2 mm,

lata, in sylvestribus ad 11 mm. longis, 3 mm. latis; petiolus foliolis

brevior; stipulae foliaceae, petiolum aequantes vel superantes, elliptico-

oblongae. Umbellae longiuscule pedunculatae, bractea singula suffultae,

capituliformes, 3-5-florae; pedunculus 8-5 cm. longus; pedicelli vix

1 mm. longi; bractea sessilis, plerumque unifoliolata, rarius trifoliolata.

Calyx infundibulari-campanulatus, bilabiatus; lobi ascendentes, subulato-

lanceolati, tubum aequantes vel superantes, duo postici 4 mm. longi, tres

antici 2°5-3 mm. longi. Corollae vexilli limbus ovatus, 1 cm. longus,

luteus, rubro-striatus ; unguis circiter 3 mm. longus marginibus sub angulo

recto inflexis inferne per 0°5 mm. connatis; alae cymbiformes, auriculatae,

circiter 1 cm. longae ungue 2°5 mm. longo excluso, auriculis es marginibus

anticis infra apicem leviter cohaerentes, auriculo vix 1 mm. longo valde

concavo ; carinae petala antici connata, postice leviter cohaerentia, rostrato-

cymbiformia, 8°5 mm. longa ungue 2°8 mm. longo excluso, Stamina

diadelpha, stamen posticum liberum, 8 mm, longum; filamenta antica

dimidio inferiore connata; partes liberae alterne inaequales, 5 longiores

4-4°5 mm. longae, apice spongioso-clavatae, 4 breviores 2°5 mm. longae,

antherae anguste oblongae, 0°5 mm. longae. Ovariwm lineare, 6 mm.

longum, superne secundum suturam ventralem barbatum; ovula nume-

rosa; stylus dente postico 0°6 mm. longo 1°5 mm. infra apicem orto

munitus, stigmate oblique capitato. Legumina subcylindrica, cuspidata,

2-3 em. longa, nitida.—L. arenarius, Webb et Berth, Phyt. Canar. vol. ii.

p. 82; non Brot.—T. A. SpraGue.

The subgenus Pedrosia, Brand, is readily distinguished

from the rest of the genus Lotus, Linn., by the presence

of a distinct tooth below the apex of the style. The

distribution of the subgenus is circumscribed ; that of

the species L. campylocladus, a form of which is here

figured, is of the “ Atlantic” type, for it is confined to

the Atlantic Islands, the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco.

Marcu, 1915.

The specimens on which Z. campylocladus was originally

based were gathered near Guimar in Tenerife, and differ

from the form of the species now depicted in the smaller,

more obovate leaflets and the shorter subappressed indu-

mentum. The form villosior, here described, was originally

met with by the late Mr. P. Barker Webb at Fuencaliente

in the south of Palma, and was identified by him as L.

arenarius, Brot., though with an indication that he had

long felt a doubt as to whether the Tenerife and the

Palma plants should not be treated as varieties of one

species. Specimens which have since been gathered at

Guimar and elsewhere in Tenerife have shown how well-

founded was the doubt thus expressed; it is found that

these specimens form a connecting series within which it

is impossible to distinguish even varieties. At the same

time L. campylocladus is undoubtedly closely allied to L.

arenarius, within which the form now figured was included

by Webb; the best distinguishing mark is to be found in

the more or less cuneate leaflets, retuse or subtruncate at

the apex, which characterise the former. The form here

termed villosior is widely distributed both in Tenerife

and in Palma. In the latter island it was met with by

Mr. Sprague and Mr. Hutchinson in the Gran Caldera

in 1913. The plant from which our figure has been

made was raised at Kew from seeds presented by

Dr. G. V. Perez of Orotava. It is possible that the

seed came in the first instance from Tenerife, for it

appears that Dr. Perez received it under the name

LL. mascaensis, Burchard, a species known only from

Tenerife. At Kew the species has been tried out of

doors but does not give promise of being hardy. When

grown in a frame it forms a plant about a foot in height,

compact in habit and pleasing both in its flowers and in

its silvery foliage.

Description.—//erb ; root woody, branching from the

base, with branching ascending stems woody below and

shortly rather densely clothed with spreading hairs, as

are the leaves and the calyces; internodes in cultivated

plants }—1 in. long, in wild specimens up to 2 in. long.

Leaves petioled, 3-foliolate; leaflets subsessile, cuneate,

apex retuse or subtruncate, rarely rounded, in cultivated

plants 1-1} in. long, ;'5 in. wide or less, in wild plants

nearly } in. long, { in. wide; petiole shorter than the

leaflets; stipules leafy, as long as the petiole or longer,

elliptic-oblong. Umbels rather long-stalked, 1-bracteate,

capituliform, 3-5-flowered ; peduncle 14-2 in. long, pedi-

cels very short; bract sessile usually 1-foliolate, rarely

8-foliolate. Calyx narrowly campanulate, 2-lipped ; lobes

ascending, subulate-lanceolate, as long as the tube or

longer, the two upper } in. long, the three lower ;'5—} in.

long. Corolla yellow with red streaks; standard-limb

ovate, 1 in. long, the claw about 1 in. long, its margins

inturned below almost at a right angle and cuneate for a

short distance; wings cymbiform, auricled, over } in.

long excluding the claw which is yin. long, the auricles

and the margins slightly cohering below the apex, the

auricles minute and very concave; keel-petals cuneate

in front, slightly cohering behind, rostrate-cymbiform,

about 4 in. long excluding the claw which is nearly in.

long. Stamens diadelphous, the posterior filament free,

1 in, Jong; anterior filaments united in their lower half,

their free portions alternately long and short, the five

longer } in. long, the four shorter ;'y in. long; anthers

narrow-oblong, very short. Ovary linear, } in. long,

bearded above along the ventral suture; ovules many ;

style with a distinct posterior tooth a little way below

the top; stigma obliquely capitate. Pod subcylindric,

cuspidate, 3-1} in. long, shining.

Fig. 1, leaf and stipules; 2, flower; 3, flower with the calyx opened and the

petals removed; 4, a wing petal; 5, keel; 6, upper part of one of the long

stamens; 7, pistil:—all enlarged.

seni price 38. 6d. stacud 2s

VOL; XEL—APRIE, Anaval acetic 428

OR No. 1538 | oF. ‘THE ENTIRE WORK.

F ; Hs

CURTIS'S. of

BOTANICAL

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Notes, Geographical Distribution, Siete Table of pein

and eo cane

8604.

MS.del JN Fitch lith. Vincent Brooks Day & Son. Lttimp

L. Reeve & C? London.

Tas. 8604.

THUNBERGIA Gipson.

Tropical East Africa.

ACANTHACEAE. Tribe THUNBERGIEAE.

Tuunperata, Linn. f.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 1072.

_Thunbergia Gibsonii, S. Moore in Journ. Bot. vol. xxxii. 1894, p. 131;

species 7’. alatae, Boj., affinis, sed floribus majoribus intense aurantiacis

facillime distinguenda.

Herba perennis, volubilis, 11 dm. alta, caulibus teretibus:pilis longis patentibus

vel leviter recurvis instructis. Folia ovata, apice acuta, basi sagittato-

cordata, usque ad 7°5 cm. longa et 6 cm. lata, costa cum nervis lateralibus

pagina superiore leviter impressa, inferiore prominente, utrinque aspera ;

petiolus circiter 8 cm. longus, leviter alatus, margine pilis patentibus

instructus. Flores axillares, solitarii, pedunculo 10°5 cm. longo hirsuto-

pubescente suffulti; bracteolae 2, attenuato-ovatae, apice acutae, basi cor-

datae, 3-3°5 cm. longae, 2 cm. latae, extra ferrugineo-hirsuto-pubescentes,

intus glanduloso-pubescentes. Calyx cupularis, lobis circiter 12, extra

glanduloso-pubescens, intus glaber, 5 mm. altus, 8. mm, diametro, basi

epicalyce plano irregulariter lobato glanduloso instructus. Corollae tubus

_curvato-cylindricus, inferne abrupte angustatus, antice bisulcatus, circiter

8°5 cm. longus, apice 1°3 cm. diametro, basi 3 mm. diametro, intus lineis

duabus hirsutis ornatus; limbus aurantiacus, lobis 5 patentibus ovato-

triangularibus apice truncato-emarginatis, antico et lateralibus 2°2 cm.

longis 2°1 cm. latis, posticis 1°9 cm. longis 1°9 cm. latis. Stamina 4,

4 mm. supra tubi basem inserta, filamentis longioribus 1°3 cm. longis,

brevioribus 1 cm. longis, antheris 6°5 mm. longis basi pilis citroneis

instructis; pollinis granula globosa. Discus eupularis, 0°75 mm. altus,

oblique productus. Ovariwm late ovoideum, medio constrictum, 2°5 mm.

altum, usque ad 8 mm. diametro, glabrum, viride; stylus 1-9 cm. longus,

superne leviter glandulosus et pubescens; stigma 3 mm. longum,

bilobatum, lobo antico 5 mm. lato, postico 4 mm. lato,—W. B. TURRILL.

The striking Thunbergia which forms the subject of our

illustration is a native of tropical East Africa. The

specimens on which the species, T. Gibsonii, was based

are in the national collection at the British Museum,

Cromwell Road, where they were received from a

locality on the equator, approximately 36° 70’ east of

the meridian of Greenwich, at an elevation of about

8000 feet above sea-level. Both as regards the corolla

and bracteoles these original specimens, which consist of

Aprit, 1915,

flowers only, are rather larger than is the case in the

plant from which our figure has been prepared, but there

is no other difference discernible. The plant figured,

which flowered at Kew in June, 1914, was acquired by

purchase from Messrs. Thompson and Charman, Nursery-

men, Bushey, according to whom it had been obtained

from British East Africa from a locality 6000 feet above

sea-level, The introduction appears to have been effected

by Mr. W. van der Weyer, Corfe Castle, Dorset, by whom

it was shown at an exhibition of the Royal Horticultural

Society in May,1913. The limb of the corolla is of a

deep orange colour and waxy consistence, and the species

is thereby readily distinguished from its nearest ally in

the genus, the well-known 7. alata, Boj., also originally

a native of Tropical Africa, though now naturalised in

some parts of South-eastern Asia, long ago figured at

t. 2591 of this work. In habit a perennial, 7. Gibsonii

when grown in a pot under ordinary greenhouse con-

ditions quickly develops leafy shoots which flower freely

in summer. 3

Description.—Herb, perennial, twining, 4-5 ft. high;

stems terete, beset with long spreading or slightlyrecurved

hairs. Leaves ovate, acute, base cordate-sagittate, up to

3 in. long and 2} in. wide, midrib and lateral nerves

somewhat sunk above, and raised beneath, harshly

pubescent on both surfaces; petiole about 1} in. long,

slightly winged, the margins beset with spreading hairs.

flowers axillary, solitary; peduncle over 4 in. long,

hairy; bracteoles 2, narrow-ovate, acute, base cordate,

15-1, in. long, 3 in. wide, rusty-pubescent externally,

glandular-pubescent within. Calyx cup-shaped; lobes

about 12, glandular-pubescent outside, glabrous within,

3 in. deep, } in. across, with a flat, irregularly-lobed,

glandular epicalyx at its base. Corolla tube curved-

cylindric, abruptly narrowed downwards and 2-sulcate

in front, about 14 in. long, over 4 in. wide at the mouth,

only + in. wide at the base, with 2 longitudinal hirsute

lines; limb orange, lobes 5, spreading, ovate-triangular

with a truncate-emarginate apex, the anterior and

lateral nearly an inch in length and width, the two

posterior about 2 in. long and broad. Stamens 4, in.

long, inserted above the base of the tube; filaments of

the longer pair about 3 in. long, of the shorter pair about

1 in. long; anthers } in. long, beset at the base by

citron-yellow hairs; pollen globose. Disk cup-shaped,

very short, produced obliquely. Ovary wide-ovoid,

narrowed in the middle, ;'; in. long, up to } in. wide,

glabrous, green; style 3 in. long, slightly glandular and

pubescent upwards ; stigma { in. long, 2-lobed ; anterior

lobe | in. wide, posterior lobe j in. wide.

Fig. 1, calyx and pistil; 2, vertical section of calyx, showing ovary and disk ;

3, base of corolla, laid open; 4 and 5, anthers :—all enlarged.

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RHODODENDRON DaviIpDsonrIANum.

China.

ERIcacEAkE. Tribe RHODOREAE.

RuwopopEnDRON, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 599.

Rhododendron Davidsonianum, Rehder et Wilson in Sargent, Plant.

Wilson. pars 8, p. 515 (1913); affinis R. ambiguo, Hemsl., sed foliis

minoribus, floribus pallide roseis staminibus longioribus, filamentis minus

pubescentibus differt,

Frutex 1-8 m. altus; rami divaricati, teretes, brunnei vel cinereo-brunnei,

glabri; ramuli juniores breves, minutissime puberuli vel glabri. Folia

lanceolata vel oblongo-oblanceolata, apice conspicue mucronata, basi

obtusa vel leviter rotundata, 2°5-5°5 cm. longa, 1-2 em. lata, rigide et

firme chartacea, supra sicco conspicue reticulata et primum parce nigro-

punctata, demum glabra, infra glandulis rotundatis parvis dense induta;

costa supra plana, inconspicua, infra prominens, pallida, basi circiter

1 mm. lata, ad apicem sensim attenuata, in mucronem elongatum

producta; nervi laterales supra subconspicui, arcuati, infra cum venis

plerumque vix manifesti; petioli 3-5 mm. longi, interdum leviter puberuli.

Perulae suborbiculares, submucronatae, coriaceae, dense ciliatae, extra

glabrae. Flores terminales, circiter 6-nati; pedicelli 1-1-5 cm. longi,

glandulis sessilibus rotundatis instructi. Calya undulatus, brevissimus vel

subnullus. Corolla pallide rosea, labio superiore flavo-lepidota ; tubus

circiter 1 cm. longus, sensim expansus, utrinque glaber ; lobi 5, 4-4°5 cm.

expansi, oblongi, apice rotundati, circiter 1°5 cm. longi et 0°6 cm. lati,

subtiliter striati. Stamina 10, longe exserta; filamenta gracilia, usque

ad 83 cm. longa, basin versus breviter pubescentia; antherae carmineae,

1°5-2 mm. longae. Ovariwm conicum, dense lepidotum ; stylus longe

exsertus, gracilis, 8°5-4 cm. longus, glaber, stigmate undulatim lobato

subcapitato coronatus. Fructus pro genere perbrevis, 1 cm. longus,

4 mm. diametro.—J. Hurcutnson.

The Chinese Rhododendron of which a figure is here

given is one of the fruits of Mr. E. H. Wilson’s expedition

of 1903-4, on behalf of Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons, the

plant from which our illustration has been taken being

one raised by them at Coombe Wood and acquired from

them for Kew in 1908. During his later expeditions in

China, Wilson again met with the species on several

occasions. It is plentiful in the neighbourhood of

Tachien-lu, in Western Szechuan. The nearest ally of

R. Davidsonianum is, perhaps, R. ambiguum, Hemsl.,

another Chinese species figured at t. 8400 of this work.

Aprin, 1915.

It is most readily distinguished from the latter species

by the more elegant habit, the smaller leaves, the

differently coloured flowers and the more slender fila-

ments. Like most of the Rhododendrons from China

with scaly leaves, #. Davidsonianum gives promise of

being very hardy. Its value as a garden plant will

probably be similar to that of R. yunnanense, Franch., a

Chinese species figured at t. 7614 of this work, and like

that species it can be increased by means of late summer

cuttings.

Description.—Shrub, 34-10 ft. high ; branches divari-

cate, terete, brown or greyish, glabrous; young twigs

short, very finely puberulous or glabrous. Leaves lanceo-

late or oblong-lanceolate, with a markedly mucronate

tip, base obtuse or slightly rounded, 1-2} in. long, 1—3 in.

wide, rigidly chartaceous, above at first sparingly black-

dotted, at length glabrous and when dry strongly veined,

beneath closely covered with small rounded glands;

midrib flat above, inconspicuous, raised beneath, pale,

gradually narrowed from base to tip, and prolonged into

the long mucro; lateral nerves slightly visible above,

arched, beneath hardly visible; petiole 1} in. long,

sometimes faintly puberulous. Bud-scales suborbicular,

slightly mucronate, coriaceous, densely ciliate, glabrous

outside. lowers terminal, about 6-nate ; pedicels 1—2 in.

long, covered with long rounded sessile glands. Calyx

undulate, very short or nearly obsolete. Corolla pale

rose, 1}-1? in. across, upper lip yellow-lepidote; tube

about 4 in. long, slightly enlarged upwards, glabrous on

both sides; lobes 5, oblong with rounded tips, about

% in. long and } in. wide, finely striate. Stamens 10, far

exserted ; filaments slender, up to 1} in. long, shortly

pubescent near the base; anthers carmine, +), in. long or

less. Ovary conical, densely scaly; style far exserted,

slender, 15-1? in. long, glabrous, tipped by the undu-

lately lobed subcapitate stigma. Fruit } in. long, } in.

across,

Figs. 1 and 2, upper portions of leaves showing the conspicuous mucro;

83, scales from lower surface of leaves ; 4, pistil and calyx; 5, stamen; 6 and 7,

anthers :—all enlarged.

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PRIMULA MIyvABEANA.,

Formosa.

PRIMULACEAE, Tribe PRIMULEAE.

Priva, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 631.

Primula (§ Candelabra)|\Miyabeana, Ito et Kawakami in Miyabe Festschrift,

p. 1, t. xxix., a P. Poissoni, Franch., ejusque affinioribus calyce intus

sulphureo-farinoso facile distinguenda.

Herba, an biennis, Folia oblongo-obovata vel late oblanceolata, apice

juventute acuta, mox obtusa vel rotundata, basin versus paulo angustata,

usque ad 20 cm. longa, plerumque 8-5 cm. lata, papyracea vel papyraceo-

coriacea, pagina utraque glabra, superiore efarinosa, inferiore primo pallide

farinosa, mox parcissime sulphureo-farinosa, deinde omnino efarinosa,

nervis lateralibus utrinsecus circiter 10 inferioribus satis obliquis omnibus

supra conspicuis subtus prominentibus, nervis transversis sparsis supra

vix conspicuis subtus subprominulis, parte triente inferiore excepta irregu-

lariter denticulata, primo parcius ciliolata, mox glabra. Scapus solitarius,

folia multoties superans, ad 60 cm, altus, umbellas superpositas plerumque

6-10-floras gerens, apicem versus primo perparce farinosus, mox omnino

efarinosus; bracteae ad 2 em. longae; pedicelli usque ad 4 cm. longi,

primo parcissime farinosi, mox efarinosi. Calyx sub anthesi 6 mm.

longus, intus farinosus, lobis deltoideis vel anguste deltoideis acutiusculis

tubo dimidio brevioribus nunc integris nunc denticulatis. Corollae

purpureae tubus 14 mm. longus, ore annulatus ; lobi obcordati, paulo ultra

5 mm. longi. Filamenta basi ampliata, antheris brevibus. Fructus in

calyce purpurascente conspicue 5-costato lobis persistentibus erectis haud

rarius foliaceis inclusus, ambitu oblongus vel globoso-oblongus, stylo

persistente ; semina parva, fusco-brunnea, papillosa.—P. japonica, A. Gray,

var. Miyabeana, Ito in Encycl. Jap. vol. iv. p. 778. Primula sp., Kawa-

kami, List Pl. Formos. p. 66. ? Primula sp., Hayata, Fl. Mont. Formos.

p. 157.—W. G, Cras.

The section Candelabra, which owes its name to the

type of inflorescence, is one of the most natural in the

genus Primula. Its members are natives of eastern and

south-eastern Asia; all of them appear to inhabit moist

meadows, all produce rosettes of leaves which recall

those of the Primrose, and all produce tall scapes with

superposed tiers of flowers. All further agree in having

a rounded or shortly oblong capsule enclosed in a slightly

accrescent calyx. Within the section the species assort

themselves in two groups, that in which the flowers are

Appin, 1915.

purple, and that in which the flowers are yellow. In

China, where the section has its headquarters, the number

of species belonging to either group cannot yet be safely

estimated; of those in cultivation the best known

members of the group with yellow flowers are P. Cock-

burnana, Hemsl., P. Bulleyana, Forrest, and P. serrati-

folia, Franch. ; the most familiar among those with purple

flowers are P. Beesiana, Forrest, P. Poissoni, Franch., and

P. pulverulenta, Duthie.. The known species with yellow

flowers which occur outside China are P. imperialis,

Jungh., a native of Java which has the further interest

attaching to most southern Asiatic species of the genus ;

P. prolifera, Wall., which occurs in the Khasia Hills, east

of the Brahmaputra valley; and P. Smithiana, Craib, a

native of Sikkim in the Eastern Himalaya. The extra-

Chinese species with purple flowers so far known are

P. japonica, A. Gray, which is restricted to J apan; and

the subject of our illustration, P. Miyabeana, which is

endemic in Formosa, and is readily distinguished from

all the other known members of the section Candelabra in

having the calyx farinose within. The plant figured is

one which was raised from seed received at Kew in 1913

from Mr. W. R. Price, who met with the species on

Mount Morrison in Formosa, growing at an elevation of

7000 feet above sea-level. The plant has been cultivated

at Kew in a frame, where it flowered in May, 1914, and

ripened its seeds in July. It may prove to be hardy, at

least in the warmer districts of the British Islands. It

will probably be best to treat it as a biennial under the

conditions given to its near ally P. Poissoni, figured at

t. 7216 of this work, like which it behaves under culti-

vation. A marked feature of the members of the section

Candelabra is the readiness with which several of them

lend themselves to hybridisation.

Descriprion.—//erb, under cultivation apparently

biennial. Leaves oblong-obovate or wide oblanceolate,

when young acute, later obtuse or rounded, somewhat

narrowed at the base, up to 8 in. long, from 14-2 in.

wide, somewhat firmly papery, glabrous on both surfaces,

beneath at first somewhat mealy, at length nearly or

quite efarinose ; lateral nerves about 10 on each side, the

lowest decidedly oblique, all visible above and raised

beneath, with rather few transverse veins hardly visible

above, but slightly raised beneath; margin irregularly

denticulate except at the entire base, at first somewhat

sparingly ciliolate, soon glabrous. Scape single, much

longer than the leaves, up to 2 ft. in height, bearing

several 6—10-flowered superposed whorls, at first sparingly

mealy near the top, soon quite efarinose throughout ;

bracts 4-3 in. long; pedicels up to 1} in. long, at first

sparingly mealy, soon efarinose. Calva in flower } in.

long, mealy within; lobes deltoid or narrow-deltoid,

rather acute, shorter than the tube, at times entire, at

times denticulate. Cvrol/a purple; tube over } in. long,

with annulate mouth; lobes obcordate, nearly { in.

long. Filaments broad-based; anthers short. Capsule

oblong or globose-oblong, tipped by the persistent style

and enclosed in the purplish, distinctly 5-costate fruiting

calyx, the lobes of which are persistent, erect and not

infrequently leafy ; seeds small, tawny-brown, papillose.

Fig. 1, calyx with denticulate lobes, enclosing pistil ; 2, calyx with entire

lobes, in vertical section, disclosing the pistil; 3, corolla in vertical section,

showing staminal insertion; 4, two fruits, showing the dimorphic calyx; 5, a

single fruit enclosed in a calyx with denticulate lobes ; 6, sketch of the entire

plant, showing habit :—all enlarged except 4, which is of natural size, and 6,

which is much reduced.

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ACANTHOPANAX LEUCORRHIZUM.

Central China.

ARALIACEAE, Tribe PANACEAE.

AcAaNTHOPANAX, Dene et Planch. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 938,

ampl.; Harms in Engl. € Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenf. vol. iii. pars 8, p. 50.

Acanthopanax leucorrhizum, Harms l.c.; C. K. Schneid. in Handb. d.

Laubholzk. vol. ii. pp. 424, 1040; Bean in Trees and Shrubs, vol. i.

p. 130, cum icon.; species A. Henryi, Harms et A. Simonii, C. K. Schneid.

quam maxime affinis ab ambobus tamen aculeis longioribus tenuioribus et

foliolis glabris differt.

Frutex glaber, 1:5-3-metralis; ramuli valde medullosi, pallide lenticellati, ad

nodos verticillatim aculeis 1-6 pallidis decurvis subulatis pungentibus

3-8 mm. longis armati, inter nodos parcissime aculeati vel inermes.

Folia decidua, alterna, 5-3-foliolata; foliola lanceolata vel oblanceolata,

acuminata, basi cuneata, margine argute duplo-serrata, 5-12 cm. longa,

1-3-4 cm. “lata, petiolulis 83-8 mm. longis suffulta; petioli 3°5-10 cm.

longi, interdum parce aculeati. lores viridi-florescentes, umbellati,

4 mm. lati, pedicellis gracilibus glabris 1*2-1°8 cm. longis suffulti;

umbellae 60-90-flores, singulae vel paucae corymbosim aggregatae,

terminales, globosae, 4-5 cm. latae; pedunculi 3°5-10 cm, longi. Calyx

5-dentatus, dentibus minutis triangularibus. Petala 5, ovata, acuta,

3 mm. longa, deflexa, margine apiceque incurva. Stamina 5; filamenta

glabra, 8 mm. longa; antherae exsertae. Bacca nigro-purpurea, globosa

vel oblonga, 6-8 mm. longa, stylo brevi persistente coronata ; caro sucosa;

sucus tinctorius atramentum referens. Semina compressa, semi-elliptica,

6 mm. longa, 2 mm. lata.—Elewtherococcus leucorrhizus, Oliv. in Hook.

Icon. Pl. sub t, 1711.—W. J. Bran.

The Araliad here figured was originally described by

Professor Oliver from specimens discovered by Professor

A. Henry in the province of Hupeh in Central China

about 1886. It was met with again in the same region

by Mr. E. H. Wilson in 1901, and through his agency

was introduced to cultivation by Messrs. J. Veitch and

Sons. The plant which has supplied the material for our

illustration is one at Kew which was purchased from

Messrs. Veitch in 1913. When first described the species

was referred with justice to the genus Lleutherococcus,

based by the late Mr. Maximowicz on a species from

Apri, 1915.

Manchuria. More recently, however, Dr. Harms has

proved satisfactorily that this genus is not in reality

separable from the older genus Acanthopanaz.. Ingardens ,

A. leucorrhizum, here depicted, has been confused with

A, Simonii, C. K. Schneid.; the figure which was pub-

lished in the Gardeners’ Chronicle on 9 December, 1905

(fig. 152), under the name Eleutherococcus leucorrhizus is

not the plant now described, but is really A. Simoni.

The plant there referred to is well distinguished from the

true A. leucorrhizum by its much stouter hooked spines

distributed irregularly on the branchlets and by the

numerous bristles on both surfaces of the leaflets. Another

species very closely allied to the subject. of our plate

is A, Henryi, Harms, already described at t. 8316 of this

work, which differs from A. leucorrhizum in having shorter,

stouter spines, shorter pubescent pedicels and pubescent

leaves. The bark of the roots of A. leucorrhizum, from

the appearance of which the specific name has been

derived, is stated by Henry to be used by the Chinese

as a drug, known to them as the White “ Wu Chia P’i.”

As a shrub for gardens, A. leucorrhizum will be valued

chiefly for its handsome foliage, of a type uncommon

among hardy shrubs, and for its striking umbels of

purple-black berries which are produced very abundantly

and remain on the bushes late into the autumn. It has

withstood perfectly the frosts experienced since its

introduction, and although these have not provided the

hardest tests of our climate we may reasonably assume

it to be hardy. It thrives in well-drained sandy loam

and is easily propagated by seeds.

Duscription.—Shrub, 6-10 ft. high, everywhere glab-

rous ; branchlets very pithy, sprinkled with pale lenticels,

armed at the nodes with 1-6 pale, decurved spines 1—8

in. long, sharply pointed and subulate; internodes at

times with a few similar but scattered spines. Leaves

deciduous, alternate, usually 5-foliolate, sometimes 3-

foliolate ; leaflets lanceolate or oblanceolate, apex acumi-

nate, base acute, margin sharply doubly serrate, 2-5 in.

long, 3-1} in. wide, their petiolules }-2 in. long; petioles

13-4 in. long, occasionally armed with one or two

prickles, especially where the petiolules are attached.

Flowers yellowish-green, each }'; in. across, crowded in

globose 60-90-flowered terminal umbels, each 14-2

in. across, which may be solitary or several together in a

corymbose cluster; peduncles 13-4 in. long. Calyx

- §-toothed, the teeth minute, triangular. Petals 5, ovate, ~

acute, 4 in. long, deflexed, their margin and apex

incurved. Stamens 5; filaments glabrous, } in. long;

anthers exserted. J ruit a purplish-black, globose to

oblong berry, +-3 in. long, terminated by the short,

persisting style. Seeds compressed, semi-elliptic, + in.

long, ;!5 in. wide, embedded in the black juicy pulp

. 12 . . *

which stains like ink.

Fig. 1, flower; 2, calyx and pistil; 8 and 4, anthers ; 5, fruit; 6, a seed :—

all enlarged.

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IRIS Urvumovit.

Bulgaria.

Inmackeak. Tribe I[RmpEar.

Iris, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 686.

Iris Urumovii, Velenovsky in Oestr. Bot. Zeitschr. vol. lii. (1902), p. 155;

Dykes in Gard. Chron. 1914, vol. lvi. p. 272; affinis I. Sintenisii, Janka,

sed foliis glaucis paucinerviis asperulis hieme absumptis, spathis multo

laxius nervosis asperulis, perigonii tubo breviore distincta.

Herba rhizomate oblique descendente brunneo vix digiti minoris crassitie.

Caules plures, 10-12 cm. alti, tota vel fere tota longitudine foliis inclusi,

basi foliorum vetustorum residuis fuscis cincti. Folia 5-6 eum quoque

caule, sub anthesi flores vix attingentia, deinde elongata, ad 25 cm. longa,

3-4 mm. lata, linearia, acuta vel acutissima, glauca, laxe nervosa, in nervis

papillis albis majusculis asperula. Spathae 2-3, herbaceae, glauco-virides,

acutae vel subacutae, 6-7 cm. longae, circiter 6 mm. latae, apicem

versus carinatae, nervatione asperitate foliorum. Perigoniuwm pedicello

ovario aequilongo suffultum; tubus 1 cm. longus, superne ampliatus;

segmenta exteriora limbo leviter deflexo late ovato circiter 1 cm. longo in

fundo albo coeruleo-purpureo-venoso venis ad margines confluentibus sensim

in unguem cuneato-linearem abeunte, tota 2°5-3 cm. longo; segmenta

interiora suberecta, oblanceolata, obtusa, purpurea, 2°5 cm. longa, 8 mm.

lata. Antherae luteae, 1 cm. longae. QOvariwm 1°25 cm. longum, in

tubum perigonii attenuatum; styli rami late lineares, crista subquadrata

lobis obscure crenulatis.—O. Starr.

The /ris here figured was discovered by Professor J. K.

Urumov at Eski Dzumaja in Bulgaria in 1901. In his

monograph it was referred by Mr. W. R. Dykes to J. Sin-

tenisti, Janka, but, on raising plants from seeds obtained

from Messrs. Vilmorin, Mr. Dykes recognised it as distinct.

This decision has been confirmed by a plant received by

the Hon. N. C. Rothschild from the original locality in

Bulgaria. The difficulty experienced has been due to

the original description. Dr. Velenovsky has described

the plant as having green leaves and greenish spathes, but

these organs, as Mr. Dykes points out, are glaucous, this

colour being enhanced by the fairly large white asperities

on the nerves. The dimensions here given have been

Apri, 1915.

derived from the specimen, sent by Mr. Dykes, which has

served for our plate. But the stems may attain a height

of 6-10 inches, while the leaves may be 18 inches long

and a quarter of an inch wide, and the spathes may be

over 4 inches in length. On the other hand Velenovsky’s

plants had leaves one-twelfth of an inch across or under,

while according to him the falls may measure as much as

an inch and a half in length by an eighth to a sixth of

an inch in width. Mr. Dykes finds that this species is as

easy to grow in his garden at Godalming as the well-

known J. graminea. It loses its foliage in the autumn,

and it is not until the end of January that the glaucous

tips of the leaves appear. It is not fastidious as to soil

and has done well in sand enriched with leaf mould and

chalk, but Mr. Dykes believes that it might grow even

better in a stiffer loam overlying chalk. It should be

moved, if necessary, either immediately the flowers are

over or when growth becomes active in Spring, but not

in the autumn when the plant is dormant.

Descriprion.—Ilerb, rootstock brown, oblique, hardly

as thick asa little finger. Stems several, 4—5 in, high, from

almost to quite enveloped by the leaves, their bases sur-

rounded by the dry remains of the old foliage. Leaves 5-6

to a stem, at flowering time barely reaching the blossoms,

thereafter elongating and at length 10 in. long, 1—1 in. wide,

linear, acute or very acute, glaucous, Jaxly nerved, the

nerves rough with rather large white papillae. Syathes

2-3, herbaceous, glaucous-green, acute or subacute, 24-

23 in. long, about } in. wide, keeled towards the tip,

with rough nerves like the leaves. Perianth with a

pedicel as long as the ovary; tube over } in, long,

widened upwards ; outer segments 1-1} in. long, with a

wide-ovate slightly deflexed limb over ! in. long, gradu-

ally narrowed into a linear cuneate claw, with bluish-

purple veins in the white base, the veins confluent towards

the margins ; inner segments 1 in. long, } in. wide, sub-

erect, oblanceolate, obtuse, purple. Anthers yellow, over

3 in. long. Ovary over } in. long, narrowed into the

perianth-tube ; style-arms wide-linear ; crest subquadrate

with faintly crenulate lobes.

Figs. 1 and 2, anthers; 3, stigma :—all enlarged,

. ek wth Series.

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PLANTS FROM THE ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KI

AND OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS.

EDITED BY

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Director, Ropai Botanic Grarnens, ck.

PRIA LPL ILIA

‘<So in this pleasant vale we stand again,

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MAGAZINE,

“CONTENTS. OF No. 125, Lea 1915,

is Tas. eee eA Lee fi GRANDIFLORA.

_, 8610.—ZYGOPETALUM PRAINIANUM.

| - 8611 —AMELANCHIER FLORIDA.

8612 —PRIMULA PYCNOLOBA.

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CORAL AND ATOLLS (Rela).

é; By F, WOOD-JONES, D.Sc., F ise ee

A Tee and description of the Keeling-Cocos Islands, with an account of

their fauna and flora, and a discussion of the method of development and

transformation of coral structures in general. Profusely illustrated with —

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GENTIANA BarpatTa, forma GRANDIFLORA.

Siberia.

GENTIANACEAE. Tribe SwWERTIEAE.

Gentiana, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 815.

Gentiana barbata, Froelich, forma grandiflora, Freyn in Oestr. Bot.

Zettschr. vol. xlv. p. 468; a planta typica floribus majoribus 6-8 cm.

longis differt.

Herba annua, suberecta vel adscendens, caulibus simplicibus vel plus minusve

ramosis teretibus bisulcatis glabris. Folia lineari-lanceolata, acuta vel

acuminata, usque ad 6 cm. longa et 9 mm. lata, costa pagina superiore

impressa inferiore prominente, nervis lateralibus pagina utraque obscuris,

glabra, sessilia. Flores solitarii, pedunculo usque ad 1 dm. longo subterete

glabro suffulti. Calyx viridis, glaber, 5-6 cm. longus, segmentis 4 inter

se inaequalibus, duobus exterioribus lineari-lanceolatis longe acuminatis

4°2 cm. longis 8 mm. latis, duobus interioribus ovato-lanceolatis acumi-

natis 83cm. longis1 cm. latis. Corolla 6-8 cm. longa, glabra; tubus viridis,

superne leviter ampliatus, basi 4 mm., apice 1°2 cm. diametro, basin

versus glandibus 5 sessilibus staminibus alternatis instructus; segmenta 4,

patentia, obovato-triangularia, apice subacuta, basi angustata, infra

medium fimbriata, ima basi integra, 3°8 cm. longa, 2°5 cm. lata, extra

viridia, intus coerulea. Stamina 4, filamentis 1°5 cm. longis medio

2°75 mm. latis glabris decurrentibus, antheris 8 mm. longis. Ovariwm

fusiforme, 4 mm. altum, medio 4 mm. diametro, glabrum.—W. B, Tunrin.

The fine Gentian here figured belongs to a group of

forms for which it is hard to find limiting characters,

and there is a fairly complete series of forms transitional

between small northern examples of Gentiana detonsa,

Rottb., a species to which our plant is closely allied and

within which it is at times included, and the form with

large and beautiful flowers represented in our illustration.

The plant originally described as G. detonsa from speci-

mens obtained in Norway and perhaps also in Iceland

is characterised by its quadrifid corolla with crenulate

lobes neither barbate nor fimbriate on the margin below

the middle, as well as by having erect stems. The plant

which Froelich first described as @. barbata is usually

considerably larger than typical G. detonsa, with which it

agrees in its quadrifid corolla. It is a native of Siberia

and the Caucasus, and in spite of general agreement

with G. detonsa is readily distinguished by its often

May, 1915.

ascending but not strictly erect stem, by its more acute

or acuminate leaves, and especially by the corolla lobes,

which are fimbriate on the margin just below the middle.

This typical condition of G. barbata has already been

figured at t. 639 of this work as G. ciliata, which name,

however, belongs to another species. The form now

figured differs from typical G. /arbata chiefly in having a

larger corolla and longer, more acuminate sepals. The

plant figured was raised from seed received from the

Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, in 1912,and flowered

at Kew in September, 1914. This form is hardy and has

behaved as a biennial, all the plants having died soon

after flowering ; a few seeds, however, were ripened.

ft ie well in ordinary garden soil and prefers partial

shade. |

Derscription.—Herb, annual, almost erect or more

often ascending; stems simple or somewhat branched,

terete, 2-sulcate, glabrous. Leaves linear-lanceolate,

acute or acuminate, up to 2} in. long, over 4 in. wide,

midrib impressed above, raised beneath, the lateral

nerves hardly visible on either surface, glabrous, sessile.

Flowers solitary; peduncle subterete, glabrous, up to

4in. long. Calyx green, glabrous, 2-2} in. long; lobes

4 in two unequal pairs, the two outer linear-lanceolate,

Jong acuminate, 1? in. long, 4 in. wide, the two inner

ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 1} in. long, } in. wide.

Corolla 24-3 in. long, glabrous; tube green, slightly

enlarged upwards, } in. wide at the base, 4 in. wide at

the mouth, with 5 sessile basal glands alternating with

the stamens; lobes 4, spreading, obovate-triangular, sub-

acute, narrowed to the base, their margin fimbriate below

the middle but entire again at the base, 13 in. long, 1 in.

wide, green outside, blue within. Stamens 4, filaments

% in. long, nearly } in. wide about the middle, glabrous,

decurrent on the corolla; anthers } in. long. Ovary

fusiform, } in. long, and in the middle near } in. across.

Fig. 1, calyx laid open and pistil ; 2, longitudinal section of corolla, showing

staminal insertion; 8, gland of corolla-tube, alternating with stamens ;

4 and 5, young stamens, with anthers introrse; 6, older stamen, showing

anther which is now reversed and extrorse :—all enlarged.

8610

oe

Day & San Lttimp

Nf

‘Vincent Bro Oks

M.S.del. JN Fitch lith.

L-Reeve & C° London.

Tas. 8610.

ZYGOPETALUM PrarInianum.

Peru,

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe VANDEAE.

ZYGOPETALUM, Hook. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 542,

Zygopetalum Prainianum, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1914, p. 876; Gard.

Chron. 1914, vol. lvi. p. 195; Orch. Rev. 1914, p. 317; affinis Z. Burkei,

Reichb. f., sed pseudobulbis longioribus, foliis latioribus, et colore florum

differt. ea

Herba terrestris. Psewdobulbi anguste oblongi, basi paullo incrassati, sulcati,

3-10 cm. longi, apice 2-3-phylli. Folia elongato-lanceolata vel elongato-

oblonga, subacuta, 25-35 cm. longa, 1°5-8 cm. lata, subcoriacea. Scapi

erecti, circiter 60 cm. longi, basi vaginis spathaceis obtecti, 4—-5-flori;

bracteae ovato-oblongae, subacutae, conduplicato-concavae, 1°5-2-cm,

longae; pedicelli 3-4 cm. longi. Flores speciosi. Sepala et petala

patentia vel subreflexa, lanceolato-oblonga, subacuta, subcarnosa, circiter

2°5 cm. longa, 1 em. lata. Labellwm subpatens, pandurato-oblongum,

subacutum, 2 cm. longum, 1°5 cm. latum, prope apicem subincurvum et

crenulatum, basi callo crasso dentato instructum. Colwmna clavata,

incurva, 1°5 cm. longa; alae triangulari-oblongae, subincurvae, 4 mm.

longae. Pollinia 4, obovoidea, subcompressa; stipes squamiformis,

glandula cordata.—R. A. Roure.

The very interesting Zygopetalum which is the subject

of our plate is one of the Peruvian discoveries of

Mr. L. Forget when collecting in South America on

behalf of Messrs. F. Sander and Sons. The plant flowered

for the first time in their collection at St. Albans in

September, 1914, and was then purchased from them for

Kew. Its nearest ally appears to be Z. Burkei, Reichb. f.,

a native of Mount Roraima in British Guiana, the two

species being extremely like each other as regards the

shape of the labellum. They are, however, readily

distinguished by their pseudobulbs and leaves which

are considerably larger in the Peruvian than in the

Guiana plant. They also differ as regards the colour of

their- flowers, there being fewer green markings on the

petals of the species here described. The treatment

suitable for the stronger species of Zygopetalum, such as

Z. crinitum or Z. intermedium, is found to be well

adapted to the needs of Z. Prainianum also.

May, 1915.

Descrietion.—Terb, terrestrial ; pseudobulbs narrowly

oblong, slightly thickened at the base, sulcate, 14-4 in.

long, 2-3-foliate at the apex. Leaves elongate-lanceolate

or -oblong, subacute, 10-14 in. long, 2-1} in. wide,

subcoriaceous. Scapes erect, about 2 ft. long, clothed

below with spathe-like sheaths,. 4—5-flowered; bracts

ovate-oblong, subacute, conduplicate-concave, 2—3 in.

long; pedicels 11-13 in. long. Flowers showy. Sepals

and petals spreading or slightly reflexed, lanceolate-

oblong, subacute, somewhat fleshy, about 1 in. long,

% in. wide. Lip somewhat spreading, pandurate-oblong,

subacute, j in. long, 2 in. wide, slightly incurved and

crenulate at the tip, and with a stout toothed callus at

the base. Column clavate, incurved, 2 in. long, the

wings triangular-oblong, somewhat incurved, } in. long.

Pollinia 4, obovoid, somewhat compressed ; stipe scale-

like, with a cordate gland.

Fig. 1, crest of the lip; 2, column; 3 and 4, pollinarium seen from in front

and from behind :—all enlarged.

lath Vincent Brooks Day & Son Litt imp.

T CS

L.R

, Reeve & C2 London.

Tas. 8611.

AMELANCHIER Ftoripa.

North America.

Rosackakz, Tribe PomeEar.

AMELANCHIER, Medic. ; Lindl, in Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xiii. p. 100; Benth. et

Hook, f. in Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 628.

Amelanchier florida, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. vol. xix. t, 1589 (18388); Wiegand

im Rhodora, vol. xiv. (1912) p. 143; species A. alnifoliae, Nutt., proxime

accedens sed habitu frutescente foliisque pluridentatis apte distinguenda.

Frutez deciduus, 1-3-metralis; caules erecti, graciles, caespitosi; novelli

primum tomentosi, demum glabri. Folia ovata, ovalia vel orbicularia,

2-4-5 cm. longa, 1°25-4°5 lata, acuta vel truncata, basi rotundata vel

minopere cordata, margine versus basin integra ceterum grosse arguteque

serrata, supra viridia, subtus pallida, juvenilia parcissime tomentosa,

matura glabra; nervi laterales utrinsecus 9-12; petiolus 5-20 mm. longus.

Flores albi, 2-2°5 cm. lati, racemosi; racemi erecti, 2°5-5 cm. longi,

sub-8-flori, ramulos foliatos breviores terminantes; rhachis glabra vel

primum parce tomentosa, 9-12 mm. longa; pedicelli glabri. Calyx

hypocrateriformis, 4 mm, latus, 5-lobus, glaber vel parce tomentosus ;

lobi anguste triangulares, acuti, 2-4 mm. longi, intus parce floccosi.

Petala 5, oblongo-obovata, apice rotundata, circiter 9 mm. longa, 4°5 mm,

lata. Stamina numerosa antheris luteis. Fructus ovoideus vel globosus,

6-8 mm. longus, calycis lobis persistentibus demum recurvis coronatus ;

maturus niger purpureo-pruinosus.—A. oxyodon, Koehne in Gartenfl. 1902,

p- 609. A. alnifolia, var. florida, C. K. Schn. Ill. Handb. Laubholzk.

vol. i. p. 739.—W. J. BEAN.

Introduced originally by David Douglas from Western

North America about 1826, Amelanchier florida has pro-

bably been in cultivation during most of the period that

has elapsed since then, although latterly it has been con-

founded with A. alnifolia, Nutt., both in gardens and in

botanical works. Growing together, as these two species

are at Kew, they are seen to be quite distinct. A. alni-

_folia is a small tree; A. florida is a caespitose shrub, its

slender erect stems forming quite a thicket. The leaves

of A. florida are toothed farther down the margin; the

hypanthium is much less woolly or even quite glabrous

on the outside; and it flowers in early May about a

fortnight in advance of A. alnifolia.. The plant from

which our plate was prepared was obtained from a

continental nursery in 1906 as A. oxyodon, but a com-

May, 1915.

parison with Lindley’s type, preserved at Cambridge,

leaves us in no doubt that Koehne’s name must be

reduced. <A. florida grows freely at Kew, and flowers

regularly and profusely every year. It is a charming

shrub, easily accommodated and thriving well in loamy

soil, useful for situations where A alnifolia and A. cana-

densis might be too large. It produces good seeds

freely under cultivation and by them is readily pro-

pagated. A. florida appears to be one of the most widely

spread of North American Amelanchiers. It is found

in wooded districts of British Columbia, Oregon and

Washington, extending southwards to Nevada and east-

wards as far as Michigan.

Description.—Shrub, from 4 to 10 ft. high, forming

a cluster of erect, slender stems ; young shoots tomentose

at first, soon quite glabrous. eaves deciduous, varying

from ovate to oval and orbicular, and from % to 13 in.

long by } to 12 in. wide, rounded to slightly cordate at

the base, acute to truncate at the apex; margin entire

towards the base, coarsely and sharply serrate at the

terminal one- to two-thirds; green above, pale beneath, —

quite glabrous except when unfolding, then slightly

tomentose ; lateral nerves in from nine to twelve pairs ;

petiole { to ¢ in. long. acemes erect, 1 to 2 in. long,

terminating short leafy twigs and carrying about eight

flowers. lowers white, 2 to 1 in. wide. Pedicels and

rachis glabrous or slightly tomentose at first, the former

§ to Zin. long. Hypanthium saucer-shaped, 1 in. wide,

glabrous to slightly tomentose ; sepals narrowly triangular,

acute, 1 to 2 lines long, persistent and finally recurved in

fruit, inner surface slightly floccose. Petals 5, oblong-

obovate, rounded at the apex, about 2 in. long and ;%, in.

wide. Stamens numerous ; anthers yellow. Fruit ovoid

to globose, $ to 4 in. long, at maturity black with a

purple bloom.

Fig, 1, flower with petals removed; 2, section of the same; 3, section of

ovary; 4, fruit; 5, seed :—all enlarged.

Wa =“ .

M.9.del JN. Fitch lith

et

Ttiterit Brooks,Day & Son Lt#imp

Tas. 8612.

PRIMULA pycnoLosBa.

Szechuan.

Primunaceak. Tribe PRrmuneax.

Primuta, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Plant. vol. ii. p. 631.

'

Primula pycnoloba, Bur. et Franch. in Journ. de Bot. vol. v. p- 99; Paz et

Knuth in Engl. Pflanzenr.-Prim. p. 23; Balf. f. in Journ. Roy. Hort.

Soc. vol. xxxix. p. 144, fig. 47; ob calycem bene evolutum corollam

superantem facile distinguenda.

Herba ab radice pullulans. Folia late cordata vel ovato-cordata, usque ad

14 cm. longa lataque, crassius membranacea, pagina superiore magis

minusve bullata, pilis albidis hic illic instructa, inferiore pallidiora, secus

nervos pilis longis albidis subflaccidis densius ornata, e basi 5-nervia,

nervis secundariis e costa ortis utrinsecus 4-5, omnibus ad marginem

excurrentibus infra prominentibus, margine lobulata, lobulis rotundatis

irregulariter parcius denticulata, ciliata; petiolus lamina nunc parum

longior, nunc parum brevior, densius lanuginosus. Scapus usque ad

20 cm. altus, racemum submultiflorum suffulciens, lanuginosus; bracteae

foliaceae pedicellos superantes, oblanceolatae vel late oblanceolatae,

apice acutae, basi excepta pauci-serratae; pedicelli circiter 2 cm. longi.

Calyx primo lobis erectis turbinatus, lobis mox patulis, extra praecipue

versus basin pilis longis albis, intus pilis brevibus albis instructus; tubus

1°3-1'7 cm. longus; lobi 5-6, late lanceolati vel ovato-lanceolati,

apiculati, 10-14 mm. longi, 5-6°5 mm. lati, integri vel irregulariter

serrulati, interdum bifidi. Corollae tubus 14°5 mm. longus, 2°75 mm.

diametro, extra pilis albis brevibus perpaucisque longioribus additis —

instructus; lobi 5-6, oblongi, retusi, 4 mm. longi, 8 mm. lati. Antherae

parvae. Ovariwm subglobosum, 2 mm. altum, stylo glabro, stigmate

conspicuo capitato.—W. G. Crar. :

The Primula now figured is a native of the western

districts of Szechuan in South-west China. It was first

met with in 1890 in the neighbourhood of Ta-tsien-lu by

Prince Henri d’Orleans and his companion Mr. Bonvalot,

and was originally described from their specimens by |

Professor Bureau and the late Mr. Franchet. It was

met with again in the same neighbourhood in 1906 by

Mr. E. H. Wilson when collecting on behalf of Messrs.

J. Veitch and Sons, and was introduced to horticulture

by them from seeds received from Wilson. The plant

from which our plate has been prepared was presented

to Kew by Messrs. Veitch in 1912, and flowered in the

Alpine Collection in 1913. As a species P. pycnoloba

“May, 1915.

stands in marked contrast to many of the forms, and

more especially to those whose home is in Western and

Southern China, which have been recognised within the

genus Primula, in exhibiting characters which admit of

its unqualified recognition. But if there is in this case

no question as to the claim of our plant to specific rank,

its position within the genus has been the subject of

some debate. Professor Pax and his fellow-worker

Dr. Knuth have treated it as a member of the section

which includes the familiar P. sinensis, Sabine, already

figured in this work. Professor Bayley Balfour, how-

ever, in his more recent scholarly study of the Chinese

members of this difficult genus has advanced good

reasons for the view that the Sinenses of Pax and

Knuth should be regarded rather as an aggregate of

natural groups or sections, of one of which, the section

Pycnoloba, the species now described is the type and

the sole representative. P. pycnoloba thrives well under

ordinary alpine treatment in a shaded portion of the

Rock Garden, and so far has not been injured by cold

at Kew. It can also be successfully grown in pots in

a cold frame. At Edinburgh, Professor Balfour states,

it is easily grown if protected from overhead moisture

when resting ; it spreads rapidly in the soil by means

of its root-buds, which afford a ready means of propa-

gation. It may be remarked here that the plant now

figured suggests that it represents an unusually vigorous

Strain; at all events it has more numerous flowers and

rather broader calyx-lobes.

DeEscriPtion.— Herb, spreading by means of root-buds.

Leaves broadly cordate or ovate-cordate, up to 6 in,

across, rather thickly membranous, more or less bullate

above, with a few scattered white hairs, paler beneath

and rather closely hirsute with long rather soft white

hairs on the nerves, 5-nerved from the base, secondary

nerves from the midrib 4-5 on each side, all excurrent

and all raised beneath, margin lobulate, the lobules

rounded and irregularly sparingly denticulate, ciliate ;

petiole at times rather longer than the blade, at times

somewhat shorter, downy. Scape up to 8 in. long,

downy, with a rather close-flowered terminal raceme ;

bracts leafy, longer than the pedicels, oblanceolate or

wide-oblanceolate, acute, sparingly serrulate except near

the base; pedicels about } in. long. Calyx turbinate,

its lobes at first erect but soon spreading, with long

white hairs especially near the base outside, uniformly

clothed with short white hairs within ; tube }—% in. long ;

lobes 5-6, wide-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, apiculate,

1_1 in. long, +1 in. wide, entire or irregularly serrulate,

sometimes 2-fid. Corolla dark pink; tube under % in.

long, about 1 in. wide, clothed outside with short white

hairs but with a few longer intermixed; lobes 5-6,

oblong, retuse, 1 in. long, } in. wide. Anthers small.

Ovary subglobose, zz in. long; style glabrous; stigma

rather large, capitate.

Fig. 1, corolla in longitudinal section, showing the anthers; 2, pistil :—both

enlarged.

pon Series.

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AND OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS.

°

EDITED BY

SIR DAVID PRAIN, CMG, CLES LLD., sear

Director, Ropal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

PILIPINO AIS

**So in this oat vale we stand again, ae

The fields of Enna, now once more ablaze _ =

With flowers that brighten as thy foutstep: falls.”

PA ES a

- LONDON: |

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CONTENTS OF No. 126, JUNE, 1915.

ou

Tan, 8613. —ARISTOLOCHTA LONGECAUDATA,

Be 8614. —HIPPEASTRUM ELWESII.

- 8615, PHELIPAEA FOLIATA,

8616 —DORSTENIA YAMBUYAENSIS,

1, Revs & ©, lea, 6, Henrictta Street, Covent sarah, W.-C,

D

‘HEPATIC OF THE BRITISH ISLES. |

By W. H. PEARSON. _ = Pe

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CORAL A AND ATOLLS (Reise)

Fe el By ‘WOOD-JONES, D.Sc., FZ

ei A history and description « of the Keeling-Cocos Islands, with an mace a.

tists fauna and flora, and a discussion of the method of development and

serch Samat of coral structures in general, Profusely illustrated with —

Pee estes pak 332 pages, give ree is 83 x 6. eee

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Tas. 8613.

ARISTOLOCHIA LONGECAUDATA.

Tropical South America.

ARISTOLOCHIACEAE.

AristoLocutA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 123.

Aristolochia longecaudata, Mast. in Mart. Flor. Bras. vol. iv. pars 2, p. 84,

et in Gard. Chron. 1890, vol. -viii. p. 493, fig. 98, non S. Wats.; species

A. Leprieurii, Duchartre, affinis, perianthii tubo infra oblique inflato differt,

Herba perennis. Caulis scandens, pilis brevibus sparsim instructus. Folia

integra vel lobata, plus minusve ovata vel oblonga, acuta vel acuminata,

basi cordata, usque ad 11 cm. longa, 2-6 cm. lata, supra glabra, subtus

minute denseque pubescentia, trinervia, nervis lateralibus lamina quadrante

brevioribus, venulis dense reticulatis; petiolus 4 cm. longus, pubescens.

Flores solitares, axillares; pedicelli 3 em. longi, pubescentes. Perianthium

dilute cremeum, extra brunneo-reticulatum et striatum, parte basali

oblique inflato 4°5 cm. longo circiter 2°5 cm. diametro intus areis

duabus lateralibus albo-arachnoideis instructo, fauce intus pilis brunneis -

dense vestita; lobus e basi 8 cm. lata ad apicem gradatim attenuatus,

20 cm. longus, spiraliter tortus. Stamina 6; antherae cereo-flavae.

Ovarium 8 em. longum, pubescens, leviter sulcatum ; styli rami 6, obtusi.

—C,. H. Wricur.

The Birthwort which is the subject of our illustration

was first described by the late Dr. Maxwell Masters from

herbarium specimens collected by Mr. Appun in British

Guiana. It was alluded to again by Masters in the

Gardeners’ Chronicle in 1890, his note being accompanied

by a figure based on a plant introduced from Demerara

and flowered at North Cray by Mr. Todd. The present

figure has been prepared from a plant presented to

Kew in June, 1913, by the Rev. A. Miles-Moss who

had met with this and several other species of Aristo-

lochia in the State of Para, Brazil. This plant has

thriven well in a moist tropical house. It flowered for

the first time in February, 1914, when its identity with

the Guiana plant described by Masters as A. longecaudata

was established. Among the especial characters noted

by Masters as characteristic of the species is the dense

patch of hairs in the perianth throat. Another notable,

though in the genus Aristolochia rather general feature

is the powerful and disagreeable odour of the flowers in

JUNE, 1915.

our plant, which it ought to be remarked must not be

confused with the very different A. longecaudata from

Mexico described by Dr. Sereno Watson, which Dr. Rose.

has more recently renamed A. Pringlei. Already two

Birthworts with elongated perianth-lobes have been

described in this work. One of these was figured at

t. 2545 as A. labiosa, Ker-Gawl.; this species, which has

the lobe widened and 2-lobulate at the end and of a

paler ground-colour, was also figured as A. cymbifera,

Mart. & Zuce., which is the correct name, in the Botanical

Register at t. 1543. The other species with an elongated

lobe already figured here is A. grandiflora, Vahl, described

at t. 4369 ; in this plant the basal portion of the lobe is

suborbicular, above the base it is suddenly contracted

into a long tail. The species to which A. longecaudata is

most closely allied is A. Leprieurii, Duchartre, which

differs in having the inflated portion of the perianth

straight.

Drscription.—Herb, perennial. Stem scandent, spar-

ingly shortly hirsute. Leaves entire or lobed, more or

less ovate or oblong, acute or acuminate, base cordate,

up to 43 in. long, 3-2} in. wide, glabrous above, minutely

and densely pubescent beneath, 3-nerved, the side nerves

one-fourth shorter than the leaf-blade, the veins closely

reticulated; petiole 1} in. long, pubescent. Towers

solitary, axillary; pedicels 1} in. long, pubescent.

Perianth of a pale cream ground colour, with brown

streaks and reticulations externally, basal portion ob-

liquely jinflated, 12 in. long, about 1 in. wide, with 2

lateral white-arachnoid patches within; throat densely

clothed with brown hairs inside ; lobes gradually narrowed

to ‘the end from a base 11 in. wide, about 8 in. long,

spirally twisted throughout. Stamens 6; anthers waxy-

yellow. Ovary 1} in. long, pubescent, slightly sulcate ;

style-arms 6, obtuse.

Fig. 1, an entire leaf, from lower portion of stem; 2, portion of the underside

of a leaf; 8, hairs; 4, one-half of the corolla-tube, laid open; 5, spinose hairs

in throat; 6, hairs from nearer the base of the tube; 7, hairs of the base, flat-

adpressed ; 8, stamens and pistil :—all enlarged except 1, which is of natural

size.

MS del. JN Fitch lth.

Vincent Brooks,Day & Son Litimp

1 Reeve & C°London.

TaB. 8614.

HIPPEASTRUM Etwestt.

Argentina,

AMARYLLIDACEAE. Tribe AMARYLLEAE.

Hiprastrum, Herb. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p, 724.

Hippeastrum (§ Habranthus) Elwesii, C. H. Wright in Kew Bulletin, 1914,

p. 330; species H. Ananucae, Phil., affinis, perianthii segmentis luteis

concoloribus, tubo intus sanguineo, staminibusque perianthio dimidio

brevioribus differt. __

Herba bulbosa. Folia synanthia, linearia, acuminata, concava, 26 cm. longa,

5mm. lata. Pedunculus cylindricus, 6 mm. diametro, biflorus ; spathae 2,

herbaceae, oblongae, concavae, acutae, 6 cm. longae, 8 mm. latae; pedicelli

circiter 4 cm. longi, crassiusculi. Perianthiwm clare luteum, tubo intus

sanguineo ; tubus infundibuliformis, 1 cm. longus, basi 6 mm. diametro,

Squamis brevibus transversalibus supra filamentorum insertionem

instructus; lobi demum subpatentes, elliptici, subacuti, 4 em. longi,

1°8 cm. lati. Stamina perianthio dimidio breviora. Ovariwm oblongum,

12 mm. longum, 7 mm. latum, subeylindricum ; stylus staminibus duplo

longior ; stigmatis rami breves.—C. H. Wricur.

The /Hippeastrum:of which a plate is given here was

discovered by Mr. H. J. Elwes in 1902 near Lake Nahuel-

Huapi on the Rio Limay in Argentina. The upper

reaches of this river, where /7. Elwesii grows, are in a high

dry valley with a cold winter climate and with a vegeta-

tion quite different from that met with at similar alti-

tudes on the Chilian side of the Andes. A plant brought

to England by Mr. Elwes flowered in his garden at

Colesborne in September, 1903, and the scape then pro-

duced forms the main part of the present figure. The

plant flowered again in September, 1914, and from

material then supplied the plate was completed. In

the genus /Tippeastrum, H. Elwesii seems very distinct

in the ultimately spreading perianth-lobes. It _is

perhaps most nearly allied to H. Ananuca, Phil., originally

described from specimens collected at Caldera in the

province of Atacama, but is readily distinguished from

that species by its uniformly pale yellow perianth-lobes

with the tube claret-coloured inside; in //. Ananuca the

lobes though yellow elsewhere have vivid red midribs,

Jung, 1915.

The prolonged interval between the first and second

flowering of this plant at Colesborne testifies to the diffi-

culty experienced in providing suitable conditions. This

difficulty, Mr. Elwes points out, it shares with antipodean

bulbs generally, and resides in their unwillingness to

change their season of growth. The beautiful terrestrial

orchids secured by Mr. Elwes during the journey of

1902 it has been impossible to preserve, and even in

those instances in which species like Tecophilaea cyano-

crocus, LTippeastrum pratense, Alstromeria Hookeri have

survived, it has been necessary to afford frame protection.

Even when raised from seed ripened in this country the

plants of Alstromeria do not readily change their season,

but continue in growth throughout the winter. Doubt-

less it is largely owing to this intractability that com-

paratively few of the beautiful bulbous plants from the

Andes of Chile and Northern Patagonia are to be found

in English gardens, and it would be well if those who

have correspondents resident there could induce these to

send plants or seeds to this country and to repeat their

introductions from time to time until the difficulty to

which Mr. Elwes refers has been at last overcome.

Description.—Iler}, bulbous at the base. Leaves

contemporaneous with the flowers, linear, acuminate,

concave, about 10 in. long, } in. wide. Pedunele cylin-

dric, + in. thick, 2-flowered ; Spathes 2, herbaceous,

oblong, concave, acute, 2! in. Jong, 1 in. broad ; pedicels

about 4 in. long, rather stout. Perianth pale yellow,

tube claret-coloured within; tube funnel-shaped, over

3 in. long, } in. wide at the base, with a series of short

transverse scales within above the point of attachment

of the filaments; lobes at length somewhat spreading,

elliptic, subacute, 12 in. long, ¢in. wide. Stamens half the

length of the perianth. Ovary oblong, 3 in. long, under

3 in. wide, subcylindric ; style twice as long as the

stamens, stigmatic arms short.

Fig. 1, base of one segment of the perianth, showing transverse scale and

stamen ; 2, pistil :— both enlarged,

8615

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Vineent Brooks, Day & Son Lttimp

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M.S. del. JN Fitch ith.

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Tas. 8615.

PHELIPAEA FOLIATA.

Crimea and Caucasus.

OROBANCHACEAE.

Puewipaka, Desf. (ex parte); Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 982,

Phelipaca foliata, Lambert in Trans, Linn. Soc. vol. x, p. 260, t. 7, a

caeteris generis speciebus differt corollae lobis minus latis patentibus,

haud vel leviter imbricatis, antheris glabris.

Herba parasitica, aphylla, ab 30 cm. alta, Caulis simplex, crassiusculus,

sparse vel superne densiuscule pube minutissima glandulosa atro-rufa

indutus, rubescens. Sqwamae ovato-oblongae, obtusae, semiamplexicaules,

longitudine valde variae, secundum caulem ad eius medium dispersae, magis

minusve remotae. los terminalis, solitarius, bracteatus. Calyx late

campanulatus, inaequaliter 5-lobus, 15-3 cm. longus, tubo 5 mm. (raro

ultra) longo, ob lobos posticos 3 retrorsum, anticos 2 antrorsum approxi-

matos subbilabiatum, lobis oblongis vel ovatis, obtusis -vel acutis, totus

magis minusve pube eadem ac caulis indutus. Corollae tubus latus,

curvatus, 1°5-2°5 cm. longus, supra medium obliquissime ampliatus,

extra flavidus, rubro-suffusus et superne tenuiter papillosus, intus antice

e fauce ad staminum insertionem ferrugineo-barbatus; limbus coccineus,

2-labiatus, lobis subaequalibus rotundo-ellipticis vel rotundo-oblongis

patentibus obtusis fere 1-5 cm. longis, paulo minus latis, labio infero ad

fauces maculis binis atris in tubum descendentibus et ibi confluentibus

rufo-barbatis ornato. Filamenta glabra; antherae mucronatae, 8 mm.

longae, glabrae. Ovariwm glabrum ; stigma late discoideum, subintegrum.

Capsula late ovoidea, ultra 1 cm. longa.—P. coccinea, Poir., Encyel.

Meth. vol. v. (1804), p. 268 (ex parte ?); Bornmuell. in Bull. Herb. Boiss,

sér. 2, vol. ii. (1904), p. 687 (ex parte). Lathraea Phelypaea, Gueldenst.,

Reis. d. Russl. vol. i. (1787), p. 422, non Linn. Orobanche coccinea,

M. Bieb. Tabl. Prov. entre Terek et Kour (1797), p. 58; Fl. Tour. Cauc.

vol. ii. (1808), p. 84 (excl. syn Tournef. et Lamk); Reichenb., Pl.

Crit. t. 699, fig. 937, 938. Anoplon Biebersteinii, C. A. Mey.,

Verzeichn. Pfl. Cauc. (1831), p. 104. A. coccinewm, C. Koch in Linnaea,

vol. xxii (1849), p. 670. Anoplanthus coccineus, Walp. Repert. vol. iii.

(1845), p. 481 (ex parte); Boiss. Fl. Or. vol. iv. (1879), p. 494; Gard.

Chron. 1914, vol. iv. p. 401, fig. 184. Anoplanthus Biebersteinii, Reut.

in DC. Prodr. vol. xi. (1847), p. 42, excl. var. 8; Regel in Gartenfl.

(1880), p. 84, t. 1000.—O. Srapr,

The genus to which the striking and brilliantly coloured

parasite now depicted belongs was discovered by Tourne-

fort in Armenia in 1701, and dedicated by him to the

family of the distinguished Chancellor of France, Louis

Phelipeaux, Count of Pontchartrain who, as the Secre-

tary of State in charge of the Academies, moved his

Sovereign in 1699 to send Tournefort to the Levant.

JUNE, 1915.

Unfortunately Tournefort added to his genus a yellow-

flowered Iberian species of Cistanche. This misappre-

hension might have been of small account had not

Linnaeus, half a century later, placed Tournefort’s genus

in Lathraea, as L. Phaelypaea, including in his species so

named both the Phelipaea and the Cistanche, and, to make

matters worse, treating the red-flowered Phelipaca as a

mere variety of the yellow-flowered Cistanche. The

extraordinary degree of confusion which resulted from

this treatment it took nearly a century and a half to

clear up; the story has been lucidly told by Dr. Stapf

in the Kew Bulletin for 1915. In the meantime it is

sufficient to remark that the name Anoplanthus which

has been used for this genus is a needless innovation and

that, so far as is known, there are but three species of

Phelipaea, the species discovered by Tournefort, which

Desfontaines named P. Tournefortii; the subject of our

plate, which Lambert named P. foliata; and a third

species, P. Boissieri, a description of which is to be found

in Dr. Stapf’s article in the Kew Bulletin. The original

species has been repeatedly collected in Armenia and

occurs also in Kurdistan. The one now figured was first

met with near Tiflis by Giildenstedt and in the northern

foothills of the Caucasus and in Daghestan and Shirwan

by Marshal von Bieberstein. It has since been collected

in various localities on both sides of the Caucasus and in

the southern Crimea. The area of the genus extends to

North Syria, through Southern Asia Minor as far as

Caria, and eastwards to Tabriz. The host-plant of

P., foliata, so far as is known, is always Centaurea dealbata ;

P. Tournefortii has been collected as a parasite affecting

Pyrethrum myriophyllum.

The plants on which our figure has been based

were grown at Kew from seeds received from the

Botanic Garden, Tiflis, in 1911. In this case the host-

plant was Centaurea dealbata. The seeds of host and

parasite were sown together in a pot, but only the

Centaurea came up. Later in 1911 the Centaurea was

planted in the Rock Garden, where it grew alone until,

in May, 1914, seven stems of the Phelipaea, each bearing

a solitary flower-bud, made their appearance, the first

bud to open doing so in the middle of the month. It is

interesting to recollect that a very similar experience has

been recorded in Gartenflora for 1880 on the part of the

Imperial Botanic Garden, Petrograd. There, in June,

1879, after a corresponding interval, plants of P. foliata

made their appearance in association with a Centaurea.

The difference in this case is that roots, not seeds, of the

host, which had come from the Caucasus, were planted

in the first instance. The combination of the bright

scarlet flowers of the parasite with the silvery grey

foliage of the host is singularly attractive, and one

marked feature of the partnership in the Kew case has

been that the health of the host, so far as may be judged

by its appearance, has remained unimpaired.

DESCRIPTION.—J/erb, parasitic, leafless. Stems simple,

rather stout, glandular-puberulous especially in the upper

half, reddish, 1-14 ft. high. Scales ovate-oblong, obtuse,

stem-clasping, scattered on the lower half of the stem

and fairly wide apart, papillose-puberulous or glabrous.

flower solitary, terminal, ebracteate. Calyz campanu-

late, 3-1; in. long, unequally 5-lobed, usually somewhat

2-lipped and more deeply divided between the 3 upper

approximate lobes and the two lower; lobes oblong or

ovate, obtuse, more or less glandular-papillose through-

out, or glabrescent upwards, deep-red or chestnut-brown.

Corolla ringent ; tube widely and obliquely campanulate,

at length incurved, 2-1 in. long, orange flushed with red

outside, and sparingly papillose upwards, pilose in the

front of the throat down to the attachment of the

- filaments; limb 2-lipped, lobes of each lip subequal,

rounded, those of the upper rather smaller than those

of the lower, }-1 in. across, reddish-yellow outside,.

brilliant crimson within, the throat with 2 black hirsute

spots. laments glabrous; anthers mucronate, + in.

long, glabrous. Ovary glabrous; stigma wide-discoid,

subentire. Capsule wide-ovate, nearly 4 in. long.

Fig. 1, portion of interior of corolla-tube, showing the attachment of the

stamens ; 2 and 3, anthers; 4, pistil ; 5, sketch of entire plant with its host :—

all enlarged except 5, which is much reduced.

8616

M.S.del. J N.Fitch lith

Vincent Brooks Day &Sonlthimp

L.Reeve & C ° London

Mee

Tas. 8616.

DORSTENIA yamBuyaeEnsis.

Belgian Congo,

Urticacear. Tribe Morrar.

Dorsrenta, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 366.

Dorstenia yambuyaensis, De Wild. in Ann. Mus. Congo, sér. 5, vol. ii.

p. 241; vol. iii. p. 66, t. 5, p. 67, fig. 2 et 3; affinis D. Mannii, Hook. f.,

sed receptaculi processubus multo longioribus et pinnatisectis differt,

Herba ad 30-50 cm. alta. Caulis erectus, dense subhispido-pubescens. Folia

alterna; petioli 6-10 mm. longi, subhispidi; laminae 7-16 cm. longae,

4-7 cm. latae, elliptico-lanceolatae, abrupte et obtuse acuminatae, basi

cuneatae, margine irregulariter dentatae dentibus 1°5-7 mm. longis

obtusis, utrinque glabrae, supra nitidae. Stipwlae 3-10 mm. longae,

filiformes, hispidulae. Pedunculi axillares, solitarii, 2°5-4°5 cm. longi,

subhispidi. Receptacula angulato-orbiculata disco 1°5-2 em. diametro,

anguste alata et processubus 1-11 cm. longis circumdata processubus

longioribus basi pinnatisectis, dorso tenuiter subhispida, viridia. Flores

mascult 2-4-andri. Flores feminei inter masculos dispersi; ovarium

ovoideum in stylum bifidum attenuatum.—N. E. Brown.

The interesting Dorstenia which we figure here is a

native of the Belgian Congo, in some districts of which

territory it is plentiful. For its introduction to cultiva-

tion we are indebted to the efforts of the Director of the

Botanic Garden at Eala in the Equatorial Province,

whence living plants appear to have reached the Colonial

Garden at Laeken near Brussels about the year 1907.

It first became known to English horticulture in October,

1910, when a plant was exhibited at a meeting of the

Royal Horticultural Society by Messrs. J. Veitch and

Sons on behalf of the Director of the Royal Botanic

Garden at Brussels. This plant was thereafter presented

to the Royal Gardens at Kew, and forms the subject of

our illustration. D. yambuyaensis is a plant of erect

habit and produces its flowers at the tips of slender

axillary peduncles when it is about a foot and a half

high. As an addition to our tropical greenhouses this

species is remarkable for the much elongated pinnatisect

processes of the receptacle, a character which at the

same time readily distinguishes it from its congeners.

JUNE, 1915.

The plant requires a stove temperature and grows well

and flowers freely if given a light rich soil. Propaga-

tion is readily effected by means of cuttings of the young

shoots inserted during the summer months.

Description.—Herb; stems erect, 1-1} ft. in height,

closely and rather hispidly hairy. Leaves alternate,

elliptic-lanceolate, abruptly and bluntly acuminate, base

cuneate, margin irregularly toothed, the teeth obtuse,

3-6 in. long, 13-3 in. wide, glabrous on both sides, dark

green and shining above, paler and dull beneath; petiole

4—* in, long, rather hispidly hairy ; stipules 1—1 in. long,

filiform, slightly hispid. Peduncles axillary, solitary,

1-17 in. long, rather hispidly hairy. Receptacles angularly

orbicular, disk *—} in. across, narrowly winged and giving

off a number of marginal processes varying in length from

3 in. to over 4 in., the longer processes pinnatisect near

their bases, all green and very sparingly hispidly hairy

on the back. Male flowers with 2-4 stamens. Female

flowers interspersed among the males; ovary ovoid,

narrowed into a 2-fid sublateral style.

Fig. 1, receptacle, seen in section; 2, a male flower; 3, rudimentary ovary |

of the same accompanied by two stamens; 4, a single stamen showing the

inflexed anther of a young flower; 5, ovary :—all enlarged.

Fourth auies,/ @:

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8617

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M-S.del.J.N Fitch lith. Vincent Brooks, Day &Son Lt#imp

L-Reeve &C°® London

Tas. 8617.

ECHIUM Perrezit.

Island of Palma.

BORAGINACEAE. Tribe BoRaGINEAE.

Ecurum, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 863.

Echium Perezii, Sprague in Kew Bull. 1914, pp. 210, 267; affinis H. Wild-

pretii, H. H. W. Pearson, a quo thyrso laxo cymis conspicue pedunculatis,

styli ramis longioribus, foliorum lamina usque ad basin decurrente

distinguitur.

Herba erecta, circiter 0-6 m. alta (in insulis canariensibus ad 2 m. alta).

Caulis simplex, basi defoliatus, ceterum dense foliatus. Folia inferiora

deflexa, anguste lineari-lanceolata, circiter 13 em. longa, 0°8-1°3 cm. lata,

caudato-acuminata, in basin sensim angustata, grosse sericeo-pilosa; nervi

laterales utrinsecus circiter 4, satis obliqui, supra inconspicui, leviter

impressi, subtus elevati; foliasuperiora adscendentia. Thyrsws terminalis,

ovoideus, multiflorus, circiter 25 cm. longus, 13 cm. diametro; cymae

scorpioideae, conspicue pedunculatae, circiter 8 cm. longae pedunculis

2-3 cm. longis inclusis; cymae inferiores et intermediae bifurcatae,

circiter 25-florae, superiores simplices; pedunculi et rhachis patenter

pilosi; bracteae lineari-lanceolatae, 6-8 mm. longae. Calycis segmenta

erecta, lanceolata, acuta, 6-7 mm. longa, 2-3 mm. lata, extra hirsuta.

Corolla subrotata, regularis, 8 mm. longa, pallide rosea; lobi patentes

vel apicem versus leviter deflexi, late ovati, marginibus deflexis. Stamina

e plicis elevatis corollae tubi orta, longe exserta, aequaliter divergentia.

Stylus circiter 2 cm. longus, basi et superne glaber, ceterum pilosus;

rami fere 2 mm. longi. Nuwculae tuberculatae, rostro patulo—T. A.

SPRAGUE.

For the introduction to cultivation of the striking

FEchium which forms the subject of our plate, horticulture

is indebted to Dr. G. V. Perez of Tenerife, from whom

seeds were received at Kew in 1911. These seeds were

sown in heat in the following spring, and two years

later the plants raised came into flower in the Temperate

House, when they were recognised by Mr. Sprague, who

has made an exhaustive study of the genus Lchiwm, as

belonging to a hitherto uncharacterised species, nearly

allied to E. Wildpretii, figured at t. 7847 of this work.

The illustration here given represents one of these

plants. The plant now figured resembles /. Wildpretii

in its foliage except in that the leaves are decurrent

to the base; it further differs by its lax thyrse and

in having longer ‘style-arms. The species has been

named in honour of the discoverer, who has done so

much for the cause of botany in the Canaries, and is

himself an ardent student of the genus to which it

JULY, 1915.

belongs. £. Perezii, the plant now described, is confined

_ to the Island of Palma, one of the western members of

the Canary Group, where it was first met with a few

years ago near Punta Llana. Its ally L. Wildpreti: on

the other hand is a native of Tenerife. There is a

difference possibly of minor importance in the colour of

their corollas, that of E. Waildpretii being pale red,

whereas that of our plant is pale pink. The most

striking difference is in their general habit. This will be

best appreciated by an examination of photographs of

the two published in the Kew Bulletin for 1914 at

pp. 266, 267. The treatment most suitable for both is

pot-cultivation in a light loamy compost in a sunny-

greenhouse. The plants of £. Perezii when they came

into flower were in eight-inch pots.

DuscrieTion.— //erb, tall and erect. Stem in the plant

figured about 2 ft. high, in those grown in the Canaries

over 6 ft. in height, simple, losing its leaves at the base,

elsewhere densely leafy. Leaves above the base deflexed,

narrowly linear-lanceolate, about 5 in. long, 1—} in. wide,

caudate-acuminate, gradually narrowed to the base,

rather coarsely silky; lateral nerves about 4 on each

side, somewhat oblique, hardly visible or slightly sunk

above, raised beneath; upper leaves similar but ascend-

ing. Thyrse terminal, ovoid, many-flowered, about 10 in.

long and 5 in. across; cymes scorpioid, very markedly

pedunculate, about 3 in. long, including the 3-11 in, long

peduncles; Jower and intermediate cymes 2-furcate,

about 25-flowered, upper cymes simple; peduncles and

rachis pilose with spreading hairs; bracts linear-lanceo-

late, }-1 in. long. Calyx lobed nearly to the middle;

segments erect, lanceolate, acute, about + in. long, y5-$

in. wide, hirsute outside. Corella subrotate, regular, |. in.

long, pale pink or rose; lobes spreading or with their

tips slightly deflexed, wide ovate with deflexed edges.

Stamens inserted on raised folds of the corolla-tube, far

exserted, uniformly divergent. Style about 3 in. long,

glabrous at the base and near the top, elsewhere pilose ;

style-arms about ,', in. long. Nu¢lets tubercled.

Fig. 1, a flower; 2, cal ; isti

‘Fig. 1, 3 4, Calyx and style; 3 and 4, anthers; 5, pistil; 6, sketch of

an entire plant :—all enlarged except 6, which is much redaand. ne

8618

Vincent Bro oks,Day & Son Ltdimp.

L.Reeve & C9 London

Tas. 8618.

POLYSTACHY-~: PANICULATA.

_ Tropical West Africa.

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe VANDEAE.

Potystacuya, Hook.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 540.

Polystachya paniculata, Rolfe in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vol. vii. p. 113; Gard.

Chron. 1910, vol. xlviii. p. 462, fig. 202; inter species africanas foliis

oblongis et coriaceis, floribus ample paniculatis et labello integro distincta.

Herba epiphytica, 15-30 cm. longa. Caules erecti, 8-15 cm. longi, subteretes,

3-4-phylli. Folia oblonga, breviter et obtuse biloba, coriacea, 14-17 cm,

longa, 2°5-3 cm. lata. Inflorescentia terminalis, pedunculata, 15-25 cm.

longa, ample paniculata, basi spathis oblongis 2 vel 3 obtecta; bracteae

minutae; pedicelli graciles, 2 mm. longi. Flores numerosi, parvi.

Sepalum posticum oblongum, subobtusum, 3-4 mm. longum; sepala

lateralia ovata, postico latiora. Petala linearia, obtusa, 3-4 mm. longa.

Labellum integrum, recurvum, oblongum, subobtusum, 3-4 mm. longum,

margine undulatum. Colwmna lata, brevis. Pollinia 4, ovoidea; stipes

oblonga; glandula squamiformis.—Dendrobiwm paniculatum, Swartz in

Schrad. Neues Journ. vol. i. p. 97; Pers. Syn. vol. ii. p. 523; Lindl. Gen.

& Sp. Orch. p. 92.—R. A. Roire. :

The interesting orchid which forms the subject of our

illustration was originally discovered in Sierra Leone by

-Afzelius and was described by Swartz from this material

as Dendrobium paniculatum. Its identity had long been

doubtful, but was definitely settled owing to the kindness

of Professor Fries of Upsala by whom the type of the

species was lent to Sir W. T. Thiselton-Dyer while the

Orchidaceae of Tropical Africa were being described.

When the species was transferred to its true genus,

Polystachya, in 1897, it was still known only from the

Afzelian specimens, but a few years later a good

herbarium specimen was transmitted to Kew by Mr. C. B.

Ussher, who had met with it again in the Mabira Forest,

Chagwe, in the Uganda Protectorate. For its intro-

duction to our collections orchid growers are indebted to

the late Sir Trevor Lawrence, who had received plants

from West Africa communicated by his son, Captain C. T.

Lawrence. It flowered in Sir Trevor’s collection at

Burford, and was exhibited at a meeting of the Royal

Juy, 1915, :

Horticultural Society in August, 1910. Since then it

has found its way into various collections and has

- flowered on several occasions. The plant from which

our figure has been made was obtained for Kew in 1910

from Messrs. Charlesworth and Co., Haywards Heath.

It grows well and flowers annually at Kew in March in

a tropical house under the treatment suitable for most

species of Dendrobium and Epidendrum. The flowers of

P. paniculata are borne in a dense panicle; the yellow

sepals and petals striped with orange-red, and the reddish

orange lip, combine in rendering it a striking object.

Description.—Herb, epiphytic. Stems erect, 3-6 in.

long, subterete, 3-4-foliate. Leaves oblong, shortly

bluntly 2-lobed, coriaceous, 5-7 in. long, 1-1} in. wide.

Inflorescence terminal, pedunculate, 6-10 in. long, copi-

ously panicled, clothed below with 2-3 oblong sheaths ;

bracts minute; pedicels slender, ~; in. long. Lowers

numerous, small. Sepals: posterior oblong, somewhat

obtuse, #-¢% in. long; lateral ovate, wider than the

posterior ; all yellow with orange stripes. Petals linear,

blunt, {—} in. long, yellow with a central orange stripe.

Lip orange, entire, recurved, oblong, rather blunt, {—} in.

long, its margin undulate. Column short and broad.

Pollinia 4, ovoid; stipe oblong ; gland scale-like.

Fig. 1, a single flower; 2, petal; 3, lip; 4, column; 5, anther-cap; 6, pol-

taal sais ;

ee 7, sketch of an entire plant:—all enlarged except 7, which is much

5619

Son Temp

mart Brooks Day & Son Likamp

a ’ 7 i ik

Ly Reeve &C°% London,

Tap. 8619.

-MECONOPSIS Prarru.

Western China.

Mecoyopsis, Vig.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 52; Prantl &

Kiindig in Engl. ¢ Prantl, Planzenfam. vol. iii. pars 2, p. 141,

Meconopsis (§ Eumeconopsis) Prattii, Prain in Bot. Mag. sub t. 8568

[nomen]; Kew Bull. 1915, p. 148; species e grege Aculeatarum ad M.

sinuatam, Prain, proxime accedens, a qua tamen foliis subintegris petalisque

numerosioribus differt,

Herba monocarpica; caulis simplex scapiformis, 8°5-7°5 dm. altus, aculeatus,

Folia radicalia rosulata demum evanida; caulina alterna, utrinque aculeis

simplicibus stramineis induta, lanceolata, margine subintegra, apice acuta,

basi in petiolum latiorem angustata, virida subtus pallidiora; lamina

8-14 cm. longa, 2-2°5 em. lata; petioli inferiores 4-6 cm. longi, gradatim

breviores. lores in cymas elongatas racemiformes dispositi; pedicelli

saepissime 1-2 cm., rarissime 3-4 cm. longi, aculeati, saepissime bracteati ;

bracteae foliis conformes nisi minores sessilesque. Sepala 2, oblongo-

ovata, 1°5 cm. longa, extra densius aculeata. Petala 6-8, clare coerulea

nonnunquam purpureo suffusa vel raro pallide purpurea, oblonga, obtusa,

2°25-2°5 em. longa, 1°75-2 em. lata. Stamina indefinita, pluri-seriata ;

filamenta glabra, discreta, intense coeruleae; antherae oblongae, albidae.

Ovariwm e carpellis 4 compositum, ovoideum, 5-6 mm. longum; stylus

glaber, 4 mm. longus; stigma pallide viride. Capsula oblonga, 1°25 em.

longa, in toro explanato parum incrassato insidens.—WM. sinuata, var.

Prativ, Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. vol. lxiv. pars 2, p. 314. M. rudis,

Prain in Ann. Bot. vol. xx. p. 847 partim et quoad spp. Szechuan. tantum ;

Farrer in Gard. Chron. 1914, vol. lvi. p. 318. M. Wardii, Hort.;

Ward, Land of the Blue Poppy, pp. 138, 189; Farrer in Gard. Chron. 1915,

vol. lvii. p. 110 [nomen]. M. racemosa, Fedde in Pflanzenr. IV. 104,

p. 258, saltem in parte: vix Maxim.—D. Pram.

Within the genus Meconopsis, the Aculeatae form a

_ compact group of six species differing from the others in

being armed with pungent prickles. Three of the six

have already been figured in this work: M. aculeata,

Royle, at t. 5456; M. latifolia, Prain, at first treated as

a variety of M. sinuata, Prain, but now known to be a

distinct species, at t. 8223; and MM. rudis, Prain, at

t. 8568. The species now figured as M. Prattii was

originally included in M. sinuata, but the accession of

fuller material having shown that this position for the

plant was unsatisfactory, it was transferred to M. rudis to

which it is more nearly allied. This position in turn has

Juty, 1915.

been found untenable; the species now figured differs

from J/. rudis in its more herbaceous foliage, its shorter

flowering pedicels, its white in place of yellow stamens, |

and its pale green in place of yellow stigma. Its native

country includes the Western Chinese provinces of

Szechuan and Kansu, where it occurs at elevations of

13-15,000 feet above sea-level. The introduction of

M. Prattii to European horticulture has been due almost

equally to Mr. E. H. Wilson and Mr. F. K. Ward. The

material on which our figure is based has been provided

by a plant raised at the Royal Botanic Garden, Edin-

burgh, and grown under the name M. Wardii, from seed

collected by Mr. Ward, which was kindly communicated

for the purpose by Professor Bayley Balfour. The species

has proved hardy and thrives well under the conditions

suitable for MW. aculeata, M. latifolia and M. rudis.

Description.—fferb, monocarpic ; stem 14-3 ft. high,

simple, scapose, prickly. - Leaves at the base rosulate, but

soon disappearing, those of the stem alternate, armed on

both sides with simple pale prickles, lanceolate, margin

almost entire, apex acute, narrowed below into a rather

_ wide petiole, pale green above, still paler beneath; leaf-

blade 3-53 in. long, 3-1 in. wide; lower petioles 13-24

in. long, gradually decreasing upwards. Fluwers arranged

in long raceme-like cymes; pedicels usually 1-2 in.,

rarely 1j—13 in. long, prickly, usually bracteate ; bracts

like the leaves, but smaller and sessile. S-pals 2, ovate-

oblong, % in. long, rather densely prickly externally.

_ Petals 6-8, bright blue, sometimes flushed with purple

_ and occasionally pale purple throughout, oblong, obtuse,

about 1 in. long, 2-3 in. wide. Stamens numerous,

several-seriate; filaments glabrous, free, dark-blue;

anthers oblong, pale buff or white. Ovary made up

of 4 carpels, ovoid, 1-4 in. long; style glabrous, 1 in.

long; stigma pale green. Capsule oblong, 4 in. long,

resting on a flattened enlarged torus.

Fig. 1, sepal; 2 and 3, anthers; 4, pistil:—all enlarged.

8620

MS. del. I NFitch ith

Vincent Brooks, Day&Son Lit? imp

L Reeve &@° London

TAB. 8620.

RHODODENDRON CONCINNUM.

Western China.

Ericacear. Tribe Ruoporear.

Ruopoprenpron, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 599.

Rhododendron concinnum, Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xxvi. p. 21 |

(1889); Hemsl. et E. H. Wilson in Kew Bull. 1910, p. 115; Rehder et

EH. H. Wilson in Sargent, Plant. Wilson. pars 8, p. 522; species foliis

conspicue mucronatis subtus densissime lepidotis, calycis lobis polymorphis

- distincta,

Frutex ; ramuli annotini sicco brunnei, nitidi, glabri, hornotini pallidi, glandulis

subglobosis parce induti. Folia late lanceolata vel elliptico-lanceolata,

basi obtusa vel rotundata, apice conspicue et abrupte mucronata, 3-8 cm.

longa, 1°5-3 em. lata, coriacea, supra glandulis subsparsis nigrescentibus

induta, conspicue verrucosa, infra glandulis fulvidis numerosissimis et

nigrescentibus paucis densissime induta; costa straminea, supra minute

puberula, infra elevata, glandulis exceptis glabra, basi circiter 1°25 mm.

lata, ad laminae apicem valde attenuata; nervi laterales utrinsecus circiter

12, supra lati et distincti, intra marginem conjuncti, a costa sub angulo

45° abeuntes, infra vix evidentes; petioli 0-5-1 em. longi, glandulosi.

Flores terminales, subumbellati, umbellis plerumque 5-floris; perulae

sicco brunneae, ovatae vel oblongo-ovatae, subapiculatae, 3-8 mm. longae,

3-4 mm. latae, ciliolatae, extra parce glanduloso-lepidotae ; pedicelli 1-5-

2 cm. longi, subgraciles, glandulis sessilibus semi-induti. Calyz brevissimus,

plerumque undulatus, lepidotus. Corolla carminea, late infundibuliformis ;

tubus 1°5 cm. longus, extra parce lepidotus, intra minute puberulis ; lobi 5,

ovati vel oblongo-ovati, apice rotundati, usque ad 2 cm. longi et 1°5 em.

lati, glabri. Stamina 10, exserta, inaequalia; filamenta ad 2°5 cm. longa,

in parte breve inferiore ima basi excepta villosula; antherae ochraceae,

2mm. longae. Ovariwm 5-loculare, oblongum, 4 mm. longum, densissime

lepidotum, apice et basi brevissime pubescens ; stylus longe exsertus,

stamina superans, curvatus, 2°5-8 cm. longus, purpureus, glaber, stigmate

capitato atropurpureo coronatus. Fructus cylindricus,:1°5 em. longus,

0°5 cm. crassus, lepidotus, stylo persistente coronatus.—R. yanthinum,

Bur. et Franch. in Journ. de Bot. vol. v. p. 94 (1891) ; Rehder et E. H.

Wilson in Sargent, Plant. Wilson. pars 3, p. 518, partim. R. Benthami-

anum, Hemsl. in Kew Bull. 1907, p. 319, non in Gard. Chron. .1910,

vol. xlvii. p. 4. R. coombense, Hems). in Bot. Mag. t. 8280 (1909).—

J. Hurcuryson.

Among the many novelties from China which have

enriched European gardens during the past decade none

have been more striking than the members of the genus

Rhododendron. The illustrations of such of these as

have been described in this work afford but an imperfect

idea of their variety and beauty. As experience of the

Juny, 1915,

Chinese forms under cultivation increases, however,

questions of relationship and status have arisen in con-

nection with some of them; and certain plants which

when first communicated appeared from the descriptive

standpoint to be easy of discrimination have been found

in our living collections to display characteristics which

tend to cast doubt on earlier conclusions. The species

which forms the subject of our plate is one that gives

rise to such an inquiry. It is one of a series of forms,

undoubtedly very closely allied, which certainly con-

stitute a natural group, fairly readily distinguishable

from each other by differences in the size and colour of

the flower and by some amount of variation in the

development of the calyx, but which, nevertheless, in

the opinion of Mr. Hutchinson, who has bestowed on

them much critical study, may all be very well referred

to a single species. So far as regards the calyx, which

in many groups of species in the genus affords a constant

and distinctive feature, we find in the group under con-

sideration that it may be almost obsolete, as in the case

of the original specimens, collected on Mount Omei in

Szechuan by the Rev. Mr. Faber, on which 2. concinnum

was based, and as is again the case in the plant now

figured ; or it may be well developed with oblong-lanceo-

late ciliate lobes as in the plant described by Professor

Bureau and Mr. Franchet as 2. yanthinum. Yet except

as regards their calyces there is no very tangible feature

wherein &. concinnum and R. yanthinum differ, and

having regard to the fact that in the extensive series of

specimens, both wild and cultivated, which Mr. Hutchin-

son has examined, there is a complete gradation between

these two extremes, the question as to their possible

identity calls for consideration. The fact that sometimes

in the same truss may be found a calyx in which all or

some of the lobes are well developed, and others in which

all the lobes are much reduced or practically obsolete is

strongly corroborative of Mr. Hutchinson’s view. Among

cultivated examples it is found that there is a con-

siderable variation in the size of the corolla in plants of

different age or under different treatment, and the same

feature in wild specimens may be due also to difference

of age or to a dissimilar habitat. Variation in the colour

of the corolla is equally manifest and appears equally

explicable. Certain minor differences, such as the presence

or absence of a few hairs either on the basal portion of

the style or on the apex of the ovary, are found to be as

inconstant as the degree of development of the calyx-

lobes, and to be uncorrelated with the variation in size

and colour of the corolla, and Mr. Hutchinson has felt

constrained on this account to include in R. concinnum,

in addition to RF. yanthinum, not only the form described

by Mr. Hemsley in 1907 as R. Benthamianum, but the

still more distinct-looking L. coombense, figured at t. 8280

of this work. It is to be noted that the form described

as It. Benthamianum which is here referred to is not the

plant so described in 1910. The latter differs from all

the forms now included under &. concinnum in having a

conspicuously spotted corolla and a more prominent

areolation of the upper surface of the leaf. It has also

to be remarked that while &. coombense is not distinguish-

able from &. concinnum here figured by any valid morpho-

logical feature, in its typical condition these two forms will

probably always be treated as culturally distinct. In

any case they constitute the extreme conditions of what

is an exceedingly variable group of forms, and whatever

their relative status may be, the one now figured is the

most richly coloured and the most worthy of cultivation

in that group. The plant from which our figure has

been prepared was presented to Kew in 1908 by Messrs.

J. Veitch and Sons, and was raised by them at Coombe

Wood from seed obtained on their behalf by Mr. E. H.

Wilson during one of his earlier Chinese journeys. Like

all the forms included within it by Mr. Hutchinson,

that now figured was collected in the neighbourhood

of Ta-tsien-lu, in Western Szechuan. It is perfectly

hardy and succeeds well in a light loamy or peaty soil.

Descrirtion.—Shrub with shining glabrous shoots,

the youngest drying brown, the older pale, sparingly

clothed with subglobose glands. Leaves “wide-lanceolate

or elliptic-lanceolate, base obtuse or rounded, tip con-

spicuously abruptly mucronate, 11-3 in. long, 2—1+ in.

wide, coriaceous, somewhat sparingly beset with blackish

glands, and markedly verrucose above, beneath densely

ta

clothed with numerous tawny glands with a few blackish

glands intermixed ; midrib straw-coloured, finely pube-

rulous above, raised beneath and glandular, but without

hairs, gradually tapering from base to apex; lateral

nerves about 12 on each side of the midrib which they

leave at an angle of 45°, broad and distinct above and

looping within the margin, very indistinct beneath;

petiole }—} in. long, glandular. Flowers terminal, sub-

umbellate; truss usually 5-flowered; bud-scales brown

when dry, ovate or oblong-ovate, slightly apiculate, {1

in. long, }-+ in. wide, ciliolate, Sparingly glandular-

lepidote outside; pedicels 2—2 in, long, rather slender,

partially clothed with sessile glands. Calyx very short

or almost obsolete, usually undulate, lepidote. Corolla

carmine, wide funnel-shaped ; tube 2 in. long, sparingly |

lepidote outside, finely puberulous within; lobes 5, ovate

or oblong-ovate, rounded at the tip, + in. long, 2 in. wide,

glabrous. Stamens 10, exserted, unequal; filaments up

to 1 in. long, villous for a short space just above the

base; anthers yellowish, yz in. long. Ovary 5-celled,

oblong, }; in. long, densely lepidote, shortly pubescent at

base and apex; style far exserted, longer than the

stamens, curved, 1-1} in. long, purple, glabrous ; stigma

capitate, dark-purple. Jruit cylindric, § in. long, } in.

wide, lepidote, tipped by the persistent style.

: Fig. i tip of leaf ; 9. calyx: and istil: 3 scales tr ws a's

tamens; 6, transverse séction of vies —all enlarged. ee ee

VOL. XI.—AUGUST. Annual Subscription, 42s,

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ALPINIA mutica.

Malaya.

ScIraAMINEAE. Tribe ZINGIBERACEAE.

Aupinia, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 648; K. Schum. in

Engl. Pflanzenr.—Zingib. p. 308. :

Alpinia mutica, Roxb. in Asiat. Researches, vol. xi. p. 354; Hort. Beng.

p. 2; Fl. Ind. ed. 1, vol. i. p. 65; Rosc. Monandr. Pl. t. 69; Horan.

Monogr. Scit. p. 34; Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. vi. p. 254;

| K. Schum. in Engl. Pfhlanzenr.—Zingib. p. 827, non Hook. St. nec K.

tai species A. calcaratae, Rosc., affinis, labello trilobato ecalcarato

iffert.

_ Herba perennis. Caules 2m. alti. Folia lineari-lanceolata, acuminata, 30-60 dm.

longa, 2°5-6 em. lata, marginibus ciliatis exceptis glabra; petiolus 2 cm.

longus, supra canaliculatus; ligula brevis, erosa ; vagina usque ad 22 em.

longa. Panicula terminalis, erecta; rhachis pilosa; bracteae oblongae,

caducae. Calyx albus apice roseo-tincto, spathaceus, breviter 3-lobus,

pubescens, 2 cm. longus; tubus viridis, subglobosus, pilosus. Petalaalba,

late oblanceolata, obtusa, 8°5 em. longa, 1 cm. lata. Staminodia lateralia

brevissima, apice crenulata. Labellwm obtuse 3-lobum, 4 cm. longum,

3 cm. latum, concavum, basi pulvinis duobus pubescentibus instructum,

flavum, lobus terminalis rubro-venosus, lobi laterales rubro-punctati.

Antherae loculi oblongi; connectivum haud productum. Stylus parte

superiore curvatus, apice discoideo ciliatoque.—Renealmia mutica, Salish.

in Trans. Hort. Soc. vol. i. p. 280.—C. H. Wricut.

The Alpinia here figured was first described as A. mutica

in 1810 by Roxburgh, who had obtained it from Penang,

then known as Prince of Wales’ Island, and cultivated it

in the Hon. East India Company’s Botanic Garden at

Calcutta, where it flowered during the greater part of

the year, though most profusely during the hot weather.

Its introduction to European cultivation must have been

almost simultaneous with its advent to India, for in 1812

Salisbury mentioned it as having then “flowered for

three years successively in the stove of the Comtesse

de Vandes at Bayswater.” In 1828 Roscoe referred to

it as flowering regularly in August in the Liverpool

Botanic Garden. At a later date it became rare in

British collections, and seems eventually to have dis-

appeared from cultivation, though the name survived

and became erroneously associated with more than one

Aveust, 1915,

of the congeners of our species. The one to which the —

name is at present more usually misapplied is that

described as A. mutica at t. 6908 of this work, which,

however, differs from the true A. mutica here depicted in

having much stouter flower-buds, and in possessing a

labellum which is not distinctly 3-lobed. For the detec-

tion of the error which has crept into horticultural lists,

and for the successful reintroduction of the true plant we

are indebted to Mr. H. N. Ridley, by whom, while he

was still Director of the Botanic Garden at Singapore,

the plant from which our figure has been prepared was

transmitted to Kew. Grown in a tropical house under

the conditions most suitable for species of Hedychium

and for other species of Alpinia, such as A. nutans which

was figured at t. 1903 of this work, it has thriven well,

flowering for the first time in July, 1914, along with the

species which in English collections has for a quarter of

a century usurped its name, and enabling the difference

between the two plants to be objectively appreciated.

What the spurious A. mutica figured in our pages in 1889

may be is still a matter of some debate. Mr. Ridley

has regarded it as identical with A. assimilis, Ridl., a

Species described by him in 1899, but the late Dr.

Schumann has treated it as a form of A. malaccensis,

Roscoe, a figure of which is to be found in the Botanical

Register at t. 328. It may be incidentally mentioned

that at one time Dr. Schumann himself applied the name

A, mutica to yet another species from Borneo, which he

subsequently recognised as specifically distinct under the

_ name A. Korthalsii, K. Schum. The nearest affinity of

the true A. mutica, Roxb., is, as Mr. Wright has indicated,

with A, calcarata, Roscoe. The two species are, however,

very readily distinguished by their differently shaped

labellum, which in A. mutica has two basal hirsute glands

instead of the spurs met with in that of A. calcarata.

Descriprion.— Herb, perennial, stems 6-8 ft. high.

Leaves linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 1—2 ft. long, 1-24 in.

wide, glabrous save for the ciliate edges; petiole $ in.

long, channelled above; ligule short, erose ; sheath

reaching 9 in. in length. Panicle terminal, erect ; rachis

pilose ; bracts oblong, caducous. Calyx white with a

rosy-pink tip, spathaceous, shortly 3-lobed, pubescent,

# lin. long; tube green, subglobose, hairy. Petals white,

wide-oblanceolate, obtuse, 14 in. long, over } in. wide.

Staminodes 2, lateral, very short, crenulate. Lip bluntly

3-lobed, over 1} in. long, 14 in. across, concave, with

basal hirsute glands, yellow with the terminal lobe

marked with bright red lines, and the lateral dotted with

small red spots. Anther-lebes oblong; connective not

produced. Style incurved towards the top, with a discoid

ciliate stigma.

Fig. 1, petiole and ligule with base of leaf-blade and apex of leaf-sheath ;

2, portion of edge of leaf, showing the ciliate margin; 8, bracts and buds;

4, calyx, laid open, showing staminodes and pistil; 5, anther; 6, stigma :—

all enlarged except 4, which is of natural size.

8622

es ‘ a Tale

Vincent Brooks, Day & Son Ltt up

Tas. 8622.

RHODODENDRON Sovtiet.

Western China.

Ericacear. Tribe RuoporeEag.

Ruopopenpron, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 599.

Rhododendron Souliei, Franch. in Journ. de Bot. vol. ix. p. 393 (1895) ;

Gard. Chron. 1909, vol. xlv. p. 880, fig. 167; Hemsl. et EH. H. Wiis. in

Kew Bull. 1910, p. 108; Diels in Notes Bot. Gard. Edinb. vol. v. p. 217

(1911); Rehder et E. H. Wils. in Sargent, Plant. Wilson, vol. i. p. 587

(1913); species foliis eglandulosis glabris basi rotundatis vel truncatis,

calycis lobis oblongo-ellipticis obtusis glanduloso-ciliatis, corollis late et

aperte campanulato-patelliformibus facile distinguenda.

Frutex; rami robusti, glabri; ramuli juniores teretes, purpureo-carminei,

glandulis stipitatis rubris instructi. Folia sparsa, longe petiolata, oblonga

vel oblongo-elliptica, utrinque rotundata vel basi truncata, apice conspicue

mucronata, 4-7 em. longa, 2-4 cm. lata, integra, coriacea, supra atro-

viridia, infra pallide viridia vel nonnunquam glauca, tenuiter reticulata,

glabra, eglandulosa ; nervi laterales utrinsecus 5-8, supra immersi, infra

distincti, copiose ramosi; petiolus 2-2-5 cm. longus, circiter 3 mm. crassus,

basin versus purpurascens, glaber. Flores terminales, circiter 8-nati, laxe

dispositi, alabastro roseo-rubri, demum roseo-albi. Perulae lineari-

filiformes, circiter 7 mm. longae, glanduloso-puberulae ; pedicelli 4-5 cm.

longi, 2-5 mm. crassi, teretes, purpurei et virides, parce et minute

glandulosi. Calycis lobi 5, inaequales, uno anteriore late ovato 4-5 mm.

longo et lato, ceteris oblongo-ellipticis apice rotundatis vel truncatis

3-5 mm. longis 2-3 mm. latis extra rubro-glandulosis margine glanduloso-

ciliatis. Corolla eampanulato-patelliformis, 5-6-loba ; tubus 2 cm. longus,

striatus, utrinque glaber; lobi rotundati, emarginati, 2 cm. lati. Stamina

plerumque 11, exserta; filamenta glabra vel brevissime puberula; antherae

brunneae, 2°5 mm. longae. Discus lobatus, viridis, glaber. Ovariwm

5—T-loculare, oblongo-ovoideum, 5 mm. longum, basi 4 mm, diametro,

glandulis stipitatis rubris pulcherrimis indutum ; loculi in locellos 2 placentis

divisi; stylus staminibus paulum longior, crassus, glandulis rubris breviter

stipitatis instructus.—J. HuTcHInson.

The beautiful Rhododendron now figured is a native of

the neighbourhood of Ta-chien-lu in Western Szechuan,

where it occurs rather abundantly in upland thickets and

woods at about 12,000 feet above sea-level. The plant

from which the material for our plate has been derived

was raised from seed collected in 1908 by Mr. E. H.

Wilson when travelling in China on behalf of Professor

Sargent, Arnold Arboretum, by whom a supply was

presented to Kew in 1909. There was, however, @

previous introduction of this species, also by means of

seed obtained by Mr. Wilson, but on behalf of Messrs. J.

Veitch and Sons. The species has reached the stage of

Aveust, 1915.

flowering after an unusually brief period, for some of the

plants raised in 1909 produced blossoms in 1913. Cer-

tainly one of the most distinct of the new Chinese

Rhododendrons, #. Souliei falls within that group of the

section Lurhododendron in which the leaves are glabrous

and have no glands. Within this group it may be at once

recognised by its long-petioled wide-based leaves, its

well-defined calyx-lobes edged with red glands, and its

flat saucer-shaped flowers. At Kew it has thriven well

in a semi-shaded position and is of low, bushy habit.

Drscription.—Shrul ; branches stout, glabrous; young

twigs terete, purplish-pink, beset with red-stalked glands.

Leaves scattered, long-petioled, oblong or oblong-elliptic,

apex rounded and mucronate, base rounded or cordate,

15-3 in. long, 3-14 in. wide, entire, coriaceous, dark

green above, pale green or sometimes glaucous beneath,

finely reticulate, glabrous, glandular; lateral nerves 5-8

along each side of the midrib, sunk above, visible

beneath, much branched ; petiole 3-1 in. long, about

x in. thick, purplish near the base, glabrous. Flowers in

terminal, loose clusters, each about 8-flowered; rosy-red in

bud, white with a rosy flush when fully open. Bud-scales

narrow-linear, over 4 in. long, glandular-puberulous ;

pedicels 15-2 in. long, !; in. thick, terete, purple and |

green, sparingly finely glandular. Caly« 5-lobed ; lobes

unequal, the anterior wide-ovate, 1-1 in. long and broad,

the others oblong-elliptic, with rounded or truncate tips,

475 in. long, 5-1 in. wide, red-glandular outside, and

with a glandular-ciliate margin. Curolla flat-campanu-

late, 5-6-lobed ; tube 3 in. long, striate, glabrous on both

sides ; lobes rounded, emarginate, 3 in. across. Stamens

usually 11, exserted; filaments glabrous or very finely

puberulous; anthers brown, {, in. long. Disk lobate,

green, glabrous. Ovary 5-7-celled, oblong-ovoid, } in.

long, 4 in. wide at the base, clothed with bright-red

stalked glands ; each cell divided by the placentas into

two chambers; style rather longer than the stamens,

stout, beset with short-stalked red glands.

Fig. 1, part of leaf showing venation; 2, cal istil ; mens ;

’ : ; 2, calyx and pistil; 8 and 4, stamens;

5, ovary ; 6, transverse section of the same —all ildoaek:

M.S. del.J.S Fitch hith

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Lid-imp

Tas. 8623.

CORYLUS MANDSHURICA.

Eastern Asia.

CUPULIFERAE. Tribe CoRYLEAE.

Corytvus, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p- 406.

Corylus mandshurica, Maxim. in Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Pétersb. vol. xv.

3 (1856), p. 187; Ruprecht, Dec. Plant. Amur. t. 10; Herder in Act. Hort.

Petrop. vol. xi. p. 863; Burkill in Jowrn. Linn. Soe. vol. xxvi. p- 505;

Komorov in Act. Hort. Petrop. vol. xxii. p. 63 (C. manshurica) ;

C. K. Schneider, Handb. der Laubholzk. vol. i. p. 150, fig. 83 1-m et

fig. 87 d-f(C. mandschurica) ; Nakai in Jowrn. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, vol. xxxi.

p- 206; Bean, Trees and Shrubs, vol. i. p. 402; species C. rostratae, Ait.,

valde affinis, sed novellis majus pilosis, foliis latioribus subtus majus pilosis

foliis latioribus subtus majus pilosis supra mediam saepe inciso-lobatis,

petiolis saepius longioribus differt.

Frutex usque ad 4°5 m. altus ramulis junioribus puberulis vel sparsim pilosis

vel hirsutis demum glabrescentibus. Folia suborbicularia, elliptica vel

ovata, 6-15 cm. longa, saepius 8-10 cm. lata, irregulariter duplicato-serrata,

apice acuminata vel subtruncata, supra mediam saepe plus minusve

profunde inciso-lobata, basi leviter cordata, utrinque parce vel subtus

praecipue ad nervos sat dense molliter pubescentia; petiolus 1-3 cm.

(saepius 1°5 cm.) longus. Stipuiae ellipticae vel ovatae, acutae vel

acuminatae, 7-8 mm. longae, 3-5 mm. latae, integerrimae vel interdum

paucidentatae. Amenta mascula solitaria, bini vel terni; squamae

deltoideae, cuspidatae, hirsutae. Fructus 2-6 aggregati, saepe rudimentis

fructuum immixti. Involwerwm nucem arcte involvens, superne in tubum

productum, parte inferiore praecipue pilis setoso-hispidis flavo-brunneis

dense vestitum; tubus 2°5-3°5 em. longus, cylindricus vel basi paulum

ampliatus, leviter pluri-striatus, apice obliquus, plus minusve laciniatus.

Nu (immatura) depresso-subglobosa, circiter 1 cm. longa et 1°2 cm. lata,

breviter mucronata, minute puberula.—C. rostrata, Ait., var. mandshu-

rica, Regel in Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Pétersb. vol. xv. p. 221 et FL

Ussur. p. 141; DC. Prodr. vol. xvi. pars 2, p. 183; Hance in Journ. Linn.

Soe. vol. xiii. p. 87; Maxim. in Mél. Biol. vol. xi. p. 319; Palibin in Act.

Hort. Petrop. vol. xiv. p. 139; Winkler in Engl. Pflanzenr.—Betulaceae,

p. 52.—S. A. Skan, :

The Manchurian Hazel belongs to a group in which

the involucre is prolonged beyond the nut into a tube

sometimes measuring 1} in. long, and is covered, particu-

larly in the lower part, with yellowish bristly hairs. Its

affinities with the Eastern North American C. rostrata,

Ait., are so evident that it is not always easy to distin-

guish it. In C. mandshurica, however, the leaves are

usually broader and are often more or less deeply lobed

Avueust, 1915,

in the upper part, though in the specimens from the

Kew plant the lobing is not pronounced; the young

shoots are generally furnished with a more abundant

soft pubescence, and the petioles as a rule are longer.

C. rostrata, var. californica, A.DC. (C. californica, Rose),

closely resembles C. mandshurica in its leaves which are,

however, less markedly lobed ; moreover, it has glandular-

hispid young shoots, a shorter involucre and a thicker

nut-shell, C. mandshurica, var. Fargesii, Burkill, from

Szechuan, differs from the type in having narrowly ovate

leaves apparently not cordate at the base. C. Siebul-

diana, Blume (C. rostrata, var. Sieboldiana, Maxim.), a

Japanese plant, has a much shorter tube to the involucre

and differs also in leaf characters.

C. mandshurica is common in mountainous districts in

Eastern Manchuria, and forms dense thickets in shady

and dry woods. It was first collected by Maximowicz

near to the Amur River in 1855. It is also recorded

from Corea, from the provinces of Shingking and Chihli

in Northern China, and from Yesso and N ippon in

Japan. Its introduction to Kew dates from 1882 when

nuts were received from the late Dr. E. Bretschneider ;

ten years later the plant was received from Prof. Sargent

of the Arnold Arboretum, and again in 1906. The

material for the figure was furnished by one of the plants

raised at Kew from the seed received from Dr. Bret-

schneider. It is a bush about five fect high and is

certainly very hardy. Though it has occasionally pro-

duced nuts it did not bear its remarkable fruits in great

quantity until 1912. That year, owing, it is assumed, to

the great heat of the summer of 1911, and the consequent

thorough ripening of the wood, it bore an abundant crop.

It thrives in loamy soil and can be increased by layers.

fe en, attaining a height of 15 ft. in

be wild state, young twigs puberulous or sparingly

airy, at length becoming glabrous. Leaves suborbicular,

elliptic or ovate, 23-6 in. long, usually 3-4 in. wide,

irregularly double-serrate, apex acuminate to almost

3 often more or less deeply incised-lobed beyond

. middle, base slightly cordate, sparingly pubescent

Move, Sometimes rather densely softly pubescent, especi-

ally on the nerves, beneath; petiole 1~1} in., but usually

about 4% in. long; stipules elliptic or ovate, acute or

acuminate, under +} in. long, about } in. wide, entire or

occasionally with a few teeth. Male catkins solitary or

in twos or threes; scales deltoid, cuspidate, hirsute.

Jruits in clusters of 2-6, often accompanied by abortive

ones. /nvolucre closely enveloping the nut, produced

upwards in a tube, densely clothed, especially in the

lower half, with setose-hispid yellowish-brown hairs ; tube

1-1} in. long, cylindric or somewhat widened at the

base, slightly many-striate ; mouth oblique, more or less

laciniate. Nut (hardly mature) depressed-globose, about

1 in. long and 4 in. wide, shortly mucronate, very finely

puberulous.

Fig. 1, part of male catkin; 2, male flower; 8, female flower; 4, section of

the base of the involucre, showing nut :—all enlarged.

M.S. del. J.N.Filch hth

Vincent Brooks, Day &Son iiéimp-

LReeve & C°London..

Tas. 8624.

SENECIO GLastTIFOoLivs.

South Africa.

_ Composirar. Tribe SENECIONIDEAE.

Senecio, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 446.

Senecio glastifolius, Linn. f. Suppl. 872 (1781); Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult.

' p. 681; DC. Prodr. vol. vi. p. 408; Harv. in Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap,

vol. iii. p. 890; Gard. Chron. 1910, vol. xlviii. p. 48 cum icon.; affinis

_ 8S. multibracteato, Harv., sed foliis non scabridis pedunculis parce bracteo-

latis differt.

Herba gracilis, alta; caulis superne ramosus, sulcatus, viridis, glaber. Folia

' linearia, apice subacuta, basi leviter decurrentia, usque ad 8 cm. longa,

0°5-1 cm. lata, remote denticulata, tenuiter chartacea, glabra vel subtus

minutissime puberula, utrinque viridia. Capitula pauca, laxe corymbosa,

5°5-6 cm. diametro; pedunculi graciles, parce bracteati, usque ad 10 cm.

longi. Involwerwm campanulatum, circiter 1 cm. longum; bracteae

subtriseriatae, exterioribus ceteris circiter dimidio brevioribus, lineares,

apice nigrae, subacutae, glabrae, marginibus anguste membranaceis.

Flores radit plerumque 13, roseo-lilacini; corollae tubus gracilis, 5 mm,

longus, glaber, lamina lineari-oblonga, apice tridentata, 2-2-5 em. longa,

5-7 mm. lata, nervosa. lores disci lutescentes; corollae tubus superne

leviter ampliatus, 7 mm. longus, glaber; antherae leviter exsertae;

achaenia oblonga, 1:5 mm. longa, minutissime puberula; pappi setae

sericeae, corollis aequales, albae.—J. Hurcuinson.

The Senecio which forms the subject of our illustration

is a native of South Africa, where it is known to occur

throughout the coast region from the district of Rivers-

dale as far as Algoa Bay. There are one or two earlier

but doubtful records which connect the species with the

Table Mountain region, but there is no definite proof of

its presence there now. The late Dr. Harvey included

S. glastifolius in the group of species of a shrubby or

almost shrubby character which he designated the

figidi. At the same time there is no doubt that it is

extremely closely allied to another species from the same

general region, S. multibracteatus, Harv., which has been

referred by its author to the group Annuwi recognised by

him. From S. glastifolius it is very easy to distinguish

S. multibracteatus owing to the scabrid leaves and more

Aveustr, 1915.

copiously bracteate peduncles of the latter plant.

Herbarium material of S. glastifolius shows that there is

considerable variation in the shape, texture and toothing

of the leaves. These changes of appearance, waich may

be due to the conditions under which the plants have

grown, leave the flower-heads remarkably uniform and

unmistakable on account of the numerous exterior supple-

mentary bracts. From a remark in the note which

accompanies a full-page illustration of the species in the

Gardeners’ Chronicle for 1910, it would appear that

S. glastifolius was raised by Messrs. Sutton and Sons

from seeds received by them from the district of George,

immediately to the east of Riversdale. The plant from

which the figure here given has been prepared was pre-

sented to Kew in 1913 by Mr. H. Rabjohn, Twickel,

Delden, Holland, and flowered in a greenhouse in April,

1914, It is a perennial, is easily propagated by cuttings

and grows into an elegant upright plant, about four fect

in height, flowering during April and May. It does well

if given conservatory treatment and grown along with

greenhouse Cinerarias,. but it may be noted that Mr.

‘Rabjohn, in the Gardeners’ Chronicle, writing from

Welbeck Abbey, Worksop, in 1910, has described it as

being vigorous in an open border, resisting successfully

ten degrees of frost, though succumbing when the

thermometer fell to 15°.

_Duscription.—ZHerb, perennial, slender, erect, 4 ft.

high ; stem branching upwards, sulcate, green, glabrous.

Leaves linear, subacute, slightly decurrent at the base,

up to 3 in. long, }-! in. wide, distantly toothed, thinly

papery, glabrous on both sides -or faintly puberulous

beneath, green. lower-heads few, loosely corymbose,

2;-2} in. across; peduncles slender, sparingly bracteate,

up to 4 in. long. Lnvolucre campanulate, over + in. long,

bracts subtriseriate, the outer about one half the length

of the others, linear, dark-tipped, subacute, glabrous with

harrow membranous margins. Ray-florets usually 13,

rose-lilac ; corolla-tube slender, 5 in. long, glabrous;

ligule linear-oblong, 3-toothed at the tip, 4-1 in.

long, about 4 in. wide, distinctly nerved. Disk-florets

yellowish; corolla-tube slightly widened upwards, over

} in. long, glabrous ; anthers slightly éexserted; achenes

oblong, over 3 in. long, finely puberulous; pappus-setae

silky, as long as the corolla, white.

Fig. 1, portion of a leaf; 2, bract of the involucre; 3, ray-floret; 4, disk-floret ;

5, the same, further magnified ; 6, setae of the pappus; 7, anthers; 8, style-

arms :—all enlarged.

VOL, XI—SEPTEMBER. Annual i Subset

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oo “one -

BOTANICAL

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2

: Ta, 8625 _—POPULUS LASIOCARPA,

8626,—GLADIOLUS MELLERI.

_ 8627,ORNITHOBOEA LACEI

- 8628, —METROSIDEROS- DIFFUSA.

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8625

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POPULUS LASIOCARPA.

China.

SALICACEAR,

Poputus, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 412.

Populus lasiocarpa, Oliver in Hook. Ic. Plant. t. 19483; Burkill in Journ.

Linn. Soc. vol. xxvi. p. 586; J. H. Veitch in Journ. R. Hort. Soc.

vol. xxviii. p. 65, fig. 27; C. K. Schneider, Handb. d. Laubholzk. vol. i.

p. 17; Dode in Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat, Autun, vol. xviii. p. 66; Gambocz in

Math. Termes Kézl. vol. xxx. p. 120; Mottet in Rev. Hort. 1911, p. 565,

fig. 219; Henry in Elwes ¢ Henry, Trees of Gt. Brit. & Irel. vol. vii.

p. 1846, t. 408, fig. 9; Bean, Trees and’ Shrubs, vol. ii. p. 215; species

P. glaucae, Haines, valde affinis, sed foliis basi profunde cordatis, capsulis

ovoideis facile distinguenda.

.

Arbor 12-18 m. alta, ramulis junioribus angulatis crassis plus minusve

pubescentibus; gemmae magnae, viscidae. Folia ovata, acuta vel

breviter acuminata, regulariter glanduloso-crenato-serrata, basi profunde

cordata sinu angusto, 15-25 cm. longa, 10-20 cm. lata, rubro-nervosa,

supra basin biglandulosa, primo utrinque plus minusve tomentosa, deinde

supra glabrata, subtus praesertim ad nervos primarios tomentosa; petiolus

teretiusculus, 5-10 cm. longus, cito glabratus, ruber; stipulae oblongo-

lanceolatae, caducae. Amenta 10-15 cm. fructifera usque ad 20 cm.

longa, saltem in specimine culto floribus breviter pedicellatis polygamis

praedita; rhachis crassiuscula, tomentosa, parce pilosa vel glabrata;

bracteae scariosae, ovatae vel obovatae, basin versus angustatae, superne

tenuiter laciniatae, 10-12 mm. longae. Discus florum subpatelliformis,

5-7 mm. diametro, breviter et inaequaliter 6-10-lobatus, saepe glaberrimus.

Stamina in floribus masculis ad 23 vel plura, in floribus bisexualibus

pauciora, interdum tantum 3-6; antherae oblongae, 2°5 mm. longae,

apiculatae. Ovariwm ovoideo-globosum, lanuginosum, disco longior.

Stylt rami 2-4, apice late plurilobati. Capsula ovoidea, dense lanuginosa,

8-12 mm. longa, 2-4-valvata.—P. Fargesii, Franch. in Bull. Mus. Hist.

Nat. Paris, vol. ii. p. 280.—S. A. SKAN.

This remarkable Poplar is one of the many plants first

collected in China by Mr. A. Henry, who found it in the

districts of Chienshih and Patung, Hupeh, in 1888, and

noted that it was common on the mountains at 4000 to

6000 feet. It was afterwards collected at Tchenkeoutin in

Szechuan by Farges, and in 1900 it was introduced into

cultivation by Messrs. Veitch and Sons through Mr. E. H.

Wilson, who being unable to introduce the tree by means

of seeds, sent home a living plant. It is from this

individual, which grew in the Coombe Wood nursery

SEPTEMBER, 1915,

until the sale of the collections there, that the specimens

in collections in this country have been propagated. As

regards size of leaf Populus lasiocarpa is undoubtedly the

finest of all the poplars of which we have knowledge.

Even a double plate of this work is insufficient to show

the dimensions of its leaves in full; the blade not

infrequently measures fourteen inches in length by nine

inches in width and, whatever the measurement, is

conspicuous for the rich red of the midrib and chief

veins and petiole. In vegetative characters our tree

resembles P. heterophylla, Linn., of the Eastern and

South-eastern United States; its catkins, however, are

very different, and its closest ally is doubtless P. glauca,

Haines, from Tonglo in Sikkim; like this latter species

it has polygamous flowers. The few flowering catkins

seen were obtained from a cultivated plant, and may not

be characteristic of the species. It should be mentioned,

however, that P. glauca, so far as Mr. Haines has observed,

produces in the wild state female or more frequently only

hermaphrodite flowers; he found no male tree. The

male catkins accompanying Henry’s specimens were

picked up from the ground beneath a leafless tree in

South Patung, and Prof. Oliver cautiously dealt with

them as possibly not belonging to P. lasiocarpa. The

flowers have much longer pedicels than those of the

cultivated plant, and the disk is distinctly oblique. The

anthers agree. Populus lasiocarpa flowered in 1914 in

the gardens of Mr. F. C. Stern, Highdown, Goring-by-

Sea, Sussex, and of Sir Harry Veitch, East Burnham

Park, Slough, and the figure was prepared from material

received from the former supplemented by catkins of more

mature fruits from Sir Harry Veitch. The species thrives

well on deep loam, and, like most poplars, enjoys

abundant moisture at the root. Hitherto it has been

propagated by grafting on stocks of the Black Poplar

group, but it will eventually, no doubt, be found to

succeed better on its own roots.

DEScRIPTION.— Tree, 40-60 ft. high; young shoots

angular, stout, more or less pubescent; buds large,

Ad Leaves ovate, acute or shortly acuminate, regu-

Jarly glandular-crenate-serrate, base deep cordate with

contracted sinus, 6—10 in. long, 4-8 in. across, red-veined,

biglandular above the base, at first more or less tomentose

on both surfaces, at length becoming glabrous above,

but remaining tomentose beneath, especially along the

principal nerves; petiole subcylindric, 2-4 in. long, soon

becoming glabrous, red; stipules oblong-lanceolate,

caducous. Catkins 4-6 in., in fruit up to 8 in. long, in

our cultivated specimens bearing short-pedicelled poly-

gamous flowers ; rachis rather stout, tomentose, sparingly

pilose or becoming glabrous; bracts scarious, ovate or

obovate, narrowed towards the base, finely laciniate

upwards, 4} in. long. Disk of the florets somewhat

patelliform, about + in. across, shortly and unequally

6—10-lobed, usually quite glabrous. Stamens in the male

florets 23 or more, in the bisexual florets fewer and at

times only 3-6; anthers oblong, ;5 in. long, apiculate.

Ovary ovoid-globose, woolly, longer than the disk. Style-

arms 2-4, broadly many-lobed at their tips. Capsule

ovoid, densely woolly, }—} in. long, 2-4-valved.

Fig. 1, base of a leaf, showing the glands; 2, bract; 3, male flower; 4 and

5, stamens; 6, hermaphrodite and female flowers; 7, a female flower, laid

open :—all enlarged.

8626.

M. 5. del. IN. Fitch lith.

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Lit amp cee

LReeve & C° London

Tas. 8626.

GLADIOLUS MEeEttert.

Tropical Africa.

Intpacgak. Tribe Ixrgak.

Guapiouvus, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 709.

Gladiolus Melleri, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1876, p. 334; Rolfe in Oates,

Matabele Land, ed. 2, p. 409; Baker, Handb, Irid, p. 212, et in Dyer, Fl.”

Trop. Afr. vol. vii. p. 362; Rendle in Trans, Linn. Bon, ser. 2, Bot. vol. iv.

p. 49; species G. Buchanani, Baker, affinis; foliis rigidioribus staminibusque

quam perianthii segmenta superiora distincte brevioribus differt.

Herba. Cormus depresso-globosus, 2 cm. diametro. Folia pauca, linearia,

acuta, rigida, valde costata, 30 cm. longa, 1°4 cm. lata, glabra. Sca

65 cm. altus, gracilis, rigidus; flores inter se 3 cm. distantes; spathae

valvae oblongo-lanceolatae, acuminatae, rubro-tinctae, exterior 4 cm. longa,

7 mm. lata, interior 1°5 em. longa. Perianthiwm rubrum; tubus 2 cm.

longus, anguste infundibuliformis, leviter curvatus; limbus obliquus, tubo

longior ; segmenta oblongo-cuneata, obtusa vel subacuta, superiora 4 cm.

longa, 1:2 cm. lata, inferiora 2°5 cm. longa, } cm. lata. Stamina quam

perianthium dimidio breviora; antherae oblongae, luteae. Stylus stamini-

bus longior, ramis papillosis, 7 mm. longis. Capsula oblonga, obtusa,

2 cm. longa, 8 mm. diametro, Semina obovata, compressa, 8 mm. longa,

5 mm. lata, ala membranacea circumdata.—C. H. WRIGHT.

The Gladiolus here depicted was discovered by Mr. C. J.

Meller in 1861 on the Manganja Hills, Nyasaland, during

the Zambesi Expedition led by Dr. Livingstone. Since

then G. Melleri has been found to occupy a considerable

area in Eastern Tropical Africa, for it has been collected

at various localities in British Central Africa, in Portuguese

East Africa, in the Matabele country and in Mashonaland.

The plant which has formed the subject of our plate

flowered at Kew in October, 1913, the corm having been

received in June from Mr. A. Hislop who had obtained

it at Makoni Kop, Rusape, Rhodesia. The nearest ally

of G. Melleri is G. Buchanani, Baker, another Nyasa-

land species, in which, however, we find several well-

developed leaves about as long as and produced along

with the inflorescence, instead of only one rigid far-

produced leaf with several much shorter sheathing leaves

as in our plant. Grown in a greenhouse with other

SepremMBer, 1915.

species of Gladiolus, G. Melleri thrives well, and in facies

affords an interesting contrast with most of them.

Drscription.— Herb, erect, slender, rather stiff; corm

depressed-globose, 3 in. across. Leaves few, linear, acute,

rigid, strongly ribbed, about a foot long, over 3 in. wide,

glabrous. Scape about 2 ft. high, slender, stiff; flowers

about 1/ in. apart; valves of the spathe oblong-lanceo-

late, acuminate, flushed with red, outer 13 in. long, over

4 in. wide, inner about 2 in. long. Perianth red; tube

¢ in. long, narrow funnel-shaped, slightly curved ; limb

oblique, longer than the tube, segments oblong-cuneate,

obtuse or subacute, upper 1} in. long, 4 in. wide, lower

1 in. long, over } in. wide. Stamens half the length of

the perianth ; anthers oblong, yellow. Style longer than

the stamens; stigmatic arms papillose, over } in. long.

Capsule oblong, obtuse, # in. long, 1 in. wide. Seeds

obovate, compressed, } in. long, } in. wide, with a

membranous wing.

Figs. 1 and 2, anthers; 3, style-arms :—all enlarged.

8627

OE

Vincent Brooks Day &Son Lttimp

lith,

4.

eL.J N Fitch

9

w

M

L-Reeve &C° London.

Tas. 8627.

ORNITHOBOEA Lacet.

Burma.

GESNERIACEAE. Tribe CyRTANDREAE.

OrnirHopora, Parish ex C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phan. vol. v. p. 147.

Ornithoboea Lacei, Craib in Kew Bull, 1913, p. 115; ab affini O. Parishit,

C. B. Clarke, foliorum nervis prominentibus floribus majoribus labii

inferioris lobis emarginatis distinguenda.

Herba, forsan biennis ; caulis pars basalis annotina ad 11 cm. longa, 5-6 mm.

diametro, plus minusve quadrangularis, basibus petiolorum persisten-

tibus dense tecta, apicem versus praecipue densius pilosa; pars horno-

tina florifera saepius circiter 80 cm. alta, undique glanduloso-pilosula,

Folia valde inaequilateralia, plerumque late ovata, apice acuminata,

acutiuscula vel obtusa, basi rotundata, latere uno altero usque ad 7 mm.

altius terminata, 3°5-11 cm. longa, 2°5-8°5 cm. lata, chartacea, pagina

utraque pilosula et inferiore pallidiore minute aureo-glandulosa, nervis

lateralibus utrinsecus ad 10 supra conspicuis subtus cum nervis transversis

prominentibus, crenato-serrata, petiolo usque ad 12 cm. longo glanduloso-

pilosulo suffulta. Cymae axillares, petiolis dimidio breviores; pedicelli

saepius 1°5 cm. longi, glanduloso-pilosuli. Sepala inter se subaequalia,

oblongo-lanceolata, apice acuminata, acuta, ad 7 mm, longa, 3°5 mm.

lata, utrinque pilosula. Corollae tubus 7 mm. longus; labium inferius

tubo aequilongum, e lobis tribus oblongis apice emarginatis inter se paulo

inaequalibus vix 5 mm. longis ad 3°5 mm. latis constitutum ; labium

superius lobis duobus brevibus alte bifidis. Stamina 2, antheris majus-

culis; staminodia 3, superiore minuto. Ovarium 2 mm. altum, dense

glandulosum ; stylus 5 mm. longus. Fructus ad 1°5 em. longus, 2°5 mm.

diametro, glanduloso-pilosus et parce aureo-glandulosus.—W. G. Crars.

The genus Ornithoboea was originally based on a solitary

species from Tenasserim, sent to the late Sir William

Hooker by the Rev. C. P. Parish over half a century

ago, though a description of Parish’s genus was not pub-

lished until 1883, when Mr. C. B. Clarke named the species

O. Parishii. Thirty years later Mr. Craib added two more

species, 0. Henryi discovered by Mr. A. Henry in Yunnan,

near the Burmese frontier, and 0. Lacei, sent by Mr. J. H.

Lace from Upper Burma. Since 1913 Craib has described

yet another, O. lanata, found by Dr. A. F. G. Kerr in

North-western Siam. Another form sent from the same

region by Kerr, which comes near QO. Lacei, has flowered

in the Botanic Garden of Trinity College, Dublin; yet

another, known only in fruit, occurs in Tonkin. The first

record of this Indo-Chinese genus in cultivation relates to

Kerr’s two Siamese forms, flowered at Dublin by Professor

SEPTEMBER, 1915.

Dixon; 0. lanata, sent by Kerr, has also flowered at Kew.

The plant of O. Lacei now figured was raised at Kew from

seed found in a capsule of the herbarium type of the species.

Cultivated plants differ from the parent in having longer

petioles and larger leaves. They flowered in June, 1914,

in a warm greenhouse under the treatment suitable for

tropical and subtropical Gesneriads, and matured good

seed. In its twisted fruits Ornithoboea resembles Boca and

Streptocarpus, but its capsules are shorter and stouter ; from

both genera it is distinguished by the bilabiate corolla

with short upper lip.

Derscription.—Herb, apparently biennial; stem with

the lower portion, produced during the first season, over

4 in. long, nearly } in. thick, more or less 4-angled,

densely clothed during the second season with the per-

sistent bases of the old petioles, rather closely hairy

especially towards the top; upper flowering portion of

the stem usually about 12 in. long, everywhere glandular-

hairy. Leaves usually unequal-sided, generally wide-

ovate, acuminate, or somewhat acute or obtuse, one

side often } shorter than the other, margin crenate-

serrate, 13-4 in. long, 1-34 in. wide, chartaceous, rather

hairy on both sides, and on the lower paler side also

minutely yellow-glandular, lateral nerves about 10 on

each side of the midrib, visible above and raised beneath

as are the transverse veins; petiole up to 43 in. long,

glandular-hairy. Cymes axillary, half as long as the

petioles ; pedicels }—2 in. long, glandular-hairy. Sepals

subequal, oblong-lanceolate, acutely acuminate, over } in.

long, under * in. wide, somewhat hairy on both sides.

Corolla 2-lipped ; tube under 5 In. long ; lower lip as long

as the tube, 3-lobed, the lobes oblong-emarginate, nearly

equal, under } in. long and } in. wide ; upper lip 2-lobed,

the lobes very short and deeply 2-fid. Stamens 2; anthers

rather large; staminodes 3, the central uppermost, very

small. Ovary 75 in. long, densely glandular; style } in.

long. Fruit nearly 2 in. long, ro in. thick, glandular-hairy

and sparingly covered with yellow glands.

Fig. 1, section of calyx,

showing pistil ; 9; ee i:

5, capsule of parent plan 8 pistil ; 2, corolla, laid open ; 3 and 4, stamens ;

t:—all enlarged except 5, which is of natural size.

ARTES

CVA

(NB ce

MS. del. JNFitch ith

a

ISS

a

\

L.Reeve & C° London

8628.

Vincent Brooks Day &Son Liam

Tap. 8628.

METROSIDEROS DIrrusa.

New Zealand.

Myrracksk. ‘Tribe LEPTosPERMEAR.

MerrosipEros, Banks; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 710.

Metrosideros diffusa, Smith in Trans. Linn. Soe. vol. iii. p. 268; Hook. J.

Fl. Nov. Zel. vol. i. p. 67; Hook, f. Handb. N. Zeal, Fl. p. 71; T. Kirk

Stud, Fl. N. Zeal. p. 161; Cheesem. Man. N. Zeal. Fl. p. 164; affinis

M. albiflorae, Sol., sed foliis duplo minoribus et floribus coccineis facile

distinguenda. ‘

Frutexr alte scandens, divaricatim ramosus, ramulis teretibus vel obscure

tetragonis puberulis. Folia breviter petiolata, oblonga vel elliptico-

oblonga, obtusa vel subobtusa, 1-2 cm. longa, 0°8-1'5 cm. lata, valde

coriacea, subtus copiose punctulata. lores terminales, cymosi, numerosi,

brevissime pedicellati. Calyx 0°6-0°7 em. longus, puberulus; tubus

anguste oblongus ; limbus abrupte expansus, cupularis ; lobi rotundato-

deltoidei. Petala orbiculata, parce et minute denticulata, circiter 2°5 mm.

longa, coccinea. Stamina numerosa; filamenta coccinea, circiter 1 cm.

longa; antherae oblongae, luteae. Stylus gracilis, circiter 1 cm. longus.

Capsula globosa, coriacea, 0°8 cm. longa, sulcata, limbo calycis persistente

coronata.—R. A. Roure.

POR AEE aE i]

The very striking Metrosideros here figured is a native

of New Zealand, in which country the genus is well

represented, three of its members having already a place

in our pages: M. florida, Sm., at t. 4471; M. tomentosa,

A. Rich., at t. 4488; and JZ. buxifolia, A. Cunn., at

t. 4515. In our earlier volumes, too, five other figures

have been given of Australian plants then referred to

Metrosideros: M. citrina, Curt., at t. 260; M. speciosa,

Sims, at t. 1761; JZ. saligna, Sm., at t. 1821; M. hispida,

—Sm., at’ t. 1960; and //. viridiflora, Sims, at t. 2602.

But of these Australian species all with the exception

M. hispida, which is Angophora cordifolia, Cav., have now

been better transferred to the genus Callistemon. The

species now illustrated, M. diffusa, is confined to the

North Island of New Zealand, where it is not uncommon

in forests from Mongonui and Ahipara to the south-east

coast and Taranaki, occurring from sea-level to elevations

of 2000 feet. For its introduction to this country horti-

SepremBer, 1915.

culture is indebted to Capt. A. A. Dorrien-Smith, who

informs us that while it usually grows as a creeper and

prefers to have its roots in the shade, it is in its native

haunts very accommodating, as it also forms a fairly

compact rigid shrub in the middle of lava-flows. Its

usual and apparently natural habit, however, is that of

a creeper on trunks of trees, when, like various species of

Ficus, it forms more rigid spreading branches as it grows

older. It is only on such branches, when they are mature,

that flowers are borne. The material for our figure has

been derived from a plant cultivated by Mr. T. A.

Dorrien-Smith in his garden at Tresco Abbey, Scilly,

where it has thriven well in a raised pocket against a south

wall shaded from the midday sun, its roots attaching

themselves to the stones like ivy. Under these congenial

conditions it flowered for the first time from the spread-

ing branches in April, 1914, doing so again, even more

profusely, in 1915. Itis readily reproduced by cuttings

struck under a bell glass in autumn, plants so raised

flowering in their second or third season. It can also be

raised from seed, but plants so obtained take many years

to attain mature growth and produce flowers. It should

be noted that this is not the plant figured as M. diffusa

at t. 569 of the Icones Plantarum ; that fi t

M. albiflora, Sol. at figure represents

DeEscription.—Shrub, far climbing, divaricately

branched, the twigs terete or faintly 4-angled, puberulous.

Leaves short-petioled, oblong or elliptic-oblong, obtuse or

almost so, 3—? in. long, 1-2 in. wide, very coriaceous,

copiously dotted beneath. Flowers terminal, cymose,

numerous, very shortly pedicelled. Calyx about } in.

long, puberulous; tube narrow-oblong; limb abruptly

spreading, cup-shaped; lobes rounded-deltoid. Petals

orbicular, sparingly and minutely denticulate, about

To in. long, pink. Stamens numerous; filaments pink,

over 3 in. long; anthers oblong, yellow. Style slender,

over ; in, long. Capsule globose, coriaceous, } in. long,

grooved, crowned by the persisting calyx-lobes.

Fig. 1, bud; 2, longitudinal section isti i

3 2, of a calyx and pistil, showing style;

3, petal; 4 and 5, anthers; 6, transverse section of pistil all ores J

“Monthy, hep hs: 6a. tose Qs. 6d. Pp

Ser ae cased “AZs,

eS . ons 154 OF THE ENTIRE is |

¢ U R : I g s

BOTANICAL MAGAZINI

AND OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS.

y

EDITED BY

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Director, Royal Botanic Gardens, ew.

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ea MAGAZINE.

g GONTENTS OF No, 130, OCTOBER, 1915.

Tan 8629.-PYRUS YUNNANENSIS.

8630—GENTIANA GRACILIPES,

, 8631._PROMENAEA ‘MICROPTERA.

8632.-STREPTOCARPUS DENTICULATA.

8633.—CLEMATIS UNCINATA.

“Lie REEVE & Con, ‘Ltd., 6, Henrietta Street, Goveut Garden, W.C,

"HEPATIC, OF THE BRITISH ISLES.

By W. H, PEARSON.

aga in Two YVols., with 228 plates, 10 in. by 62 in. Giving Descrip-

2 aro en Poe, Geographical Distribution, Glossary Table of Literature,

: and good Index.

: With Coloured Plates, “£6 6s.

Tayece Be SHS £4 10s,

"LEPIDOPTERA INDICA.

A Deseriptive Account of the Lepidoptera of ‘the Indian Peninsula.

e By F. MOORE and Col. C. SWINHOE. |

te in ten “Vols. Containing 835 Coloured. Plates, mherrite over 5,000 figures,

: Wea Bac “Alin, by 8} in. :

s yas, LS ede RB: as

‘The oe tf in, as oe

TERA oF CEYLON.

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COR A ‘ ‘AND ATOLLS $ (Rese)

ay ‘By F, ‘WOOD-JONES, D.Sc. FZ. 2% 7

A i vdstary 9 saat paced pte: of the Keeli pe Cocen Blass, with an Kéobunt tot se

their fauna and flora, and a discussion of the method of development and

transformation of coral. structures in general.. Profusely illustrated with .

Rn eneenst te 382 Pages, Sag sare oa, index, a? * 6. Ws. oe

EVE £0, a, 6 Henrie Stee, Coveat 1 ‘ au :

8629

Son Li*imp

‘

Tas. 8629.

PYRUS YUNNANENSIS.

China.

Rosaceas. Tribe Pommar.

Pyrus, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 626.

Pyrus (§ Eriolobus) yunnanensis, Franch, Pl. Delavay. p. 228 (1889); species

P. Tschonoskit, Maxim., valde affinis, floribus minoribus pro corymbo

numerosioribus fructibus minoribus rubris foliisque ramulorum sterilium

altius lobatis facillime distinguenda. ;

Arbor inermis, 6—9-metralis ; innovationes primum dense tomentosi demum

glabrati, brunneo-rubescentes. Folia decidua, ramulorum floriferorum

ovata, margine minute irregulariter serrata, ramulorum sterilium saepius

subobovata, plus minusve lobulata lobulis iterum serratis, omnia apice

acuta, basi cordata vel rotundata, 5-11 cm. longa, 3°5-7°5 cm. lata, supra

sordide viridia primum floccosa demum fere glabra, subtus dense velutina

demum glabrescentia ; nervi laterales utrinsecus 6-9; petiolus 1°7-3°5 cm,

longus, pubescens. lores 1°5 cm. lati, in corymbos 5-7°5 cm. latos

ramulos dense tomentosos 8-4-foliatos terminantes dispositi; rhachis

dense tomentosa; pedicelli dense tomentosi, circiter 2°5 em.longi. Calyx

dense tomentosus ; lobi 2°5 mm. longi, triangulares, demum reflexi. Petala

pallide rosea vel fere alba, 6 mm. longa, orbicularia, ungue breve tomentoso

suffulta. Stamina circiter 20 ; filamenta glabra ; antheraeluteae. Ovariwm

5-loculare; styli 5, ad medium usque connati. Fructus globosi, 1-2 cm.

diametro, intense rubri maculis albis notati, calycis lobis persistentibus

coronati; carnes scruposae, acerbae. Semina 3 mm. longa, securiformia,

brunnea.—Eriolobus yunnanensis, Schneider in Handb. Laubholzk. vol. i.

p. 727 (1906). Pyrus Veitchii, Hort.; Gard. Chron. 1912, vol. lii. p. 288

[nomen]; Veitch, Cat. New Hardy Plants from China—Autumn 1918,

p. 12. P. Veitchiana, Hort.; Gard. Chron. 1912, l.c.[{nomen].—W. J. Bean.

The handsome tree now figured belongs to that section

of Pyrus which Roemer established as a separate genus,

Eriolobus. To it belong also the Japanese P. T'schonosku,

Maxim., figured at t. 8179 of this work, and P. trilohata,

DC., a native of Syria, very rare in gardens but repre-

sented in the Kew collection. riolobus differs from the

Aria group, in which Franchet placed P. yunnanensis, by

the styles being united for their lower third or more, and

from Malus by the flesh of the fruit having grit-cells.

The tree from which our figure was prepared is now

growing in the collection of Pyrus immediately south of

the Temperate House at Kew. It was purchased in

1913 from Messrs. Veitch, who raised it in 1900 in their

Coombe Wood Nursery from seed sent from the district

of Chang-yang in Western China by Mr. E. H. Wilson.

A tree heavily laden with the handsome fruits was

Ocroper, 1915.

exhibited under the name P. Veitchi/, at the Horti-

cultural Hall, Westminster, on Oct. 8, 1912, by Messrs.

Veitch. P. yunnanensis was originally discovered by the

Abbé Delavay in Yunnan, growing in mountain woods

at 9000-10,000 feet elevation. From P. Tschonoskii, its

nearest ally, it is distinguished by its smaller flowers,

much more numerous in the corymb, the smaller red

fruits, and the more deeply lobed leaves of the barren

shoots. Dr. Schneider describes the calyx-lobes as falling

from the apex of the fruit, and stress has been laid on

this statement under t. 8179 of the present work, but

none of the specimens in the Kew Collection exhibit this

character. It promises to be perfectly hardy and its

abundant seeds will make its increase easy. Planted in

good deep loam it grows well and, more especially

in autumn, makes an attractive feature in the garden.

Description.—Tree, 20 to 30 ft. high, unarmed ;

young shoots at first felted, becoming glabrous and

reddish-brown. Leaves deciduous; ovate and finely

and irregularly serrate on the flowering shoots, often

more obovate and shallowly lobed as well as serrate on

the barren shoots, acute at the apex, cordate or rounded

at the base ; 2-43 in. long, 13-3 in. wide; primary

veins six to nine; dull green and at first floccose, ulti-

mately nearly glabrous above, covered with a pale brown

felt beneath, much of which falls away by autumn;

petiole {-1} in. long, pubescent. Flowers % in. wide,

im racemose corymbs 2-2) in. in diameter, terminating

short, felted twigs which carry three or four leaves;

rachis and pedicels felted, the latter about 1 in. long.

Calyx felted, its lobes yz in. long, triangular, becoming

teflexed. Petals pale pink, } in. wide, orbicular, with

a short, bearded claw. Stamens about twenty, filaments

glabrous, _anthers yellow. Ovary 5-celled; styles five,

connate in the lower half. Fruit globose, 4 in. in

diameter, deep red specked with whitish dots, the

calyx-lobes persisting at the apex; flesh gritty, harsh

and acid. Seeds 1 in. long, hatchet-shaped, brown.

Fig. 1, portion of the under-surf i i

bhatt -surface of a leaf; 2, bud; 8, vertical section of a

flower, the petals removed ; 4 and 5, anthers :—all enlarged.

8630.

sclera

——

tracert

HORN omy

FB HOR Retina Seopa

d *

M.S, del, JN Fitch lith. Vincent Brooke Day & Son Lt*amp

L Reeve & C° London.

Tas. 8630.

GENTIANA GRACILIPES.

China.

GENTIANACEAE. Tribe SWERTIEAE.

Gentrana, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 815.

Gentiana gracilipes, Twrrill; species G. dahuricae, Fisch., affinis, sed

pedicellis longioribus, calycibus unilateraliter fissis differt.

Herba perennis, et rosulas steriles et caules florentes erectos vel adscendentes

teretes glabros gaudens. Folia rosularum sterilium anguste lanceolata,

acuta, caulina linearia vel lanceolato-linearia, acuta, usque ad 5 em. longa

et 8-4 mm. lata, uninervia, glabra, opposita, basi connata. Flores in

axillis superioribus solitarii, pedicellis circiter 5 cm. longis glabris. Calyx

truncatus, margine distincte 3~5-dentatus, latere altero integer, altero

fissus, 9 mm. longus. Corollae tubus superne gradatim ampliatus, 3 ‘2 em.

longus, basi 1°5 mm. latus, fauce 8 mm. diametro ; lobi ovato-triangulares,

6 mm. longi, 5 mm. lati, patentes, plicis ovato-triangularibus 8 mm. longis

alternantes. Stamina libera, inter se aequalia, filamentis 7 mm. longis ad

corollae tubi basin usque decurrentibus, antheris stramineis 2 mm. longis.

Ovarium fere sessile, cylindricum, stylo 8 mm. longo incluso 3 cm. altum,

2 mm. diametro, glabrum, stigmate bilobo, lobis 1 mm. longis.—

W. B. TURRILL.

The interesting Chinese Gentian now figured is a

member of the section of the genus Gentiana distinguished

by Professor Kusnezow as Aptera. According to the

arrangement adopted by Kusnezow G. gracilipes should be

placed nearest to G. dahurica, Fisch., with which except

for its longer pedicels it agrees closely in its general

facies; or alternatively next to G. Fetisowti, Maxim.,

with which it shares the character of a spathaceously

divided calyx. For the material on which our plate of

G. gracilipes is based we are indebted to the kindness

of Mr. H. J. Elwes, in whose garden at Colesborne,

Cheltenham, a plant which flowered there in August,

1914, was raised from seed collected in Kansu and

received at Colesborne through the late Mr. R. Wood-

ward. This plant, which was presented by Mr. Elwes to

Kew, has proved quite hardy and thrives vigorously in a

cool sheltered corner. It has not yet ripened seed, but

OcropER, 1915.

appears to be as easily managed as the other members

of the section Aptera, of which several are already in

cultivation. The chief distinctive feature of G. gracili-

pes is the length of its slender pedicels, which arise

singly in the axils of the uppermost leaves of the

flowering shoot. The lateral position of the flowering

shoot this species shares with G. dahurica; the spatha-

ceous division of the calyx on one side it shares not

only with G. Fetisowii, but with G. straminea, Maxim.,

and some other members of the section Aptera. At the

same time this latter character is not universal in the

section ; several of the species, in addition to G. dahurica,

have a normally tubular calyx.

DeEscripPtion.— Herb, perennial, with barren rosettes,

and at the same time, erect or ascending terete glabrous

flowering stems. Leaves of the rosette narrow-lanceolate,

acute; of the stem linear-lanceolate, acute, 1-nerved,

opposite and stem-clasping at the base, up to 2 in. long,

1{-15 in. wide. Flowers solitary in the axils of the

uppermost leaves, pedicels glabrous, about 2 in. long.

Caly« truncate, di tinctly 3-5-toothed, split on one side,

over } in. long. Corolla purplish-blue; tube gradually

enlarging upwards, 11 in. long, ;'; in. wide at the base,

limb 4 in. across: lobes ovate-triangular, } in. long,

+ in. wide, spreading, alternating with 5 ovate-triangular

folds, } in. long. Stamens free, equal; filaments de-

current on the corolla-tube to the base ; anthers straw-

coloured, y'y in. long. Ovary subsessile, cylindric, 1} in.

long including the style which is 1} in. long, very narrow,

glabrous ; stigma 2-lobed, its lobes very short.

Fig. 1, calyx, laid open, and pistil; 2 and 8, anthers :—all enlarged.

8631,

a:

VS. del. JN Fitch ith. Vineent Brooks,Day & Son Lt* imp.

L. Reeve &C° London.

Tas. 8631.

PROMENAEA MICROPTERA.

Tropical South America.

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe VANDEAE.

Promenaka, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1848, p. 13. Zygopetalum § Promenaea,

Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 548.

Promenaea microptera, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1881, vol. xvi. p. 134, ad

calc.; species a P. wanthina, Lindl., sepalis petalisque angustioribus et

labelli lobo intermedio multo angustiore apte sejungenda.

Herba epiphytica. Pseudobulbi aggregati, ovoidei, suleati, 1°5-2 cm. longi,

apice diphylli. Folia lanceolata, acuminata, subarcuata, plicata, pallide

viridia, 7-9 cm. longa, 1*3-1°5 em. lata. Scapi laterales, arcuati, graciles,

6-7 cm. longi, uniflori, prope basin parce vaginati; bractea lanceolata,

acuminata, concava, circiter 1 cm.longa. Flores mediocres, pallide virides,

labello transverse purpureo-maculato. Sepala et petala patentia, oblongo-

lanceolata, acuminata, 1°7-2 em. longa, Labellum trilobum, 1°8 cm.

longum; lobi laterales suberecti, late rotundato-deltoidei, subobtusi,

breves ; lobus intermedius elliptico-oblongus, apice recurvus et subacutus ;

discus crista transversa prominenter tuberculata instructus. Columna

clavata, marginata. Pollinia 4, obovoidea, subcompressa, glandula lata

acuta affixa.— Zygopetalum micropterum, Reichb. f., l.e.—R. A. Roure.

The genus Promenaea was founded by Lindley over

seventy years ago on four small Brazilian species which

had until then been included in Mazillaria, Ruiz et Pav.,

along with a fifth from British Guiana ; some other species

have since then been described from Colombia. The late

Professor Reichenbach subsequently included Promenaea,

with other allied genera, in Zygopetalum, proposed by Sir

William Hooker in 1827. In this Reichenbach was

followed by Bentham and Hooker in 1883, though they

accorded Promenaea the status of asection. Reichenbach,

however, had already reconsidered his earlier conclusion,

and Promenaea is now thought as entitled to generic rank

as some other similar groups whose status has never been

questioned. One species of this genus, P. graminea, Lindl.,

from Guiana, has been figured at t. 3877 of this work

as Mavillaria stapelioides; the true P. stapelioides is, how-

ever, a native of Brasil. The interesting little species

now figured has a somewhat obscure history, for we are

still without definite record of its native country. The

OcroBER, 1915.

plant is one in the Kew collection which thrives well in a

tropical house under the conditions suitable for species

of Mavillaria and Zygopetalum, and flowered there in

June, 1914. It had been presented to the Gardens by

the Dowager Lady Lawrence, earlier in the year, as part

of the collection of the late Sir Trevor Lawrence, at

Burford, Dorking, so rich in species previously unrepre-

sented at Kew and rarely met with in cultivation. This

species, P. microptera, was described in 1881 by Reichen-

bach, whose material, which came originally from Mr.

d’Haene of Ghent, had been sent by Mr. H. Veitch; a

day later he received it also from Mr. B. S. Williams of

Holloway. In 1890 material, probably from the original

source, was communicated to Kew from the Royal

Botanic Garden, Glasnevin, and there is little reason to

doubt that the plant now figured had also formed part

of the same importation, for the Burford label indicates

that it reached Sir Trevor Lawrence from the collection

of Mr. Williams. The nearest ally of P. microptera, as

Professor Reichenbach and Mr. Rolfe point out, is a

Brasilian species, P. anthina, Lindl.; this does not, by

itself, entitle us to assume that P. microptera is also a

native of Brasil rather than of Colombia or Guiana,

though it suggests that possibility.

Description.—Herb, epiphytic ; pseudobulbs clustered,

ovoid, grooved, 4—} in. long, 2-foliate. Leaves lanceolate,

acuminate, somewhat arcuate, plicate, pale green, 3-34

in. long, 3-3 in. wide. Scaypes lateral, arcuate, slender,

25-3 in. long, 1-flowered, sparingly sheathed near the

base; bract lanceolate, acuminate, concave, over 4 in.

long. lowers medium-sized, pale green, the lip with

transverse purple bars. Sepals and petals spreading,

oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 2—3 in. long. Lip 3-lobed,

¢ in. long; lateral lobes suberect, wide rounded-deltoid,

rather blunt, short; mid-lobe elliptic-oblong, with a

recurved, rather acute tip; disk with a transverse

rather prominently tubercled crest. Column clavate,

marginate. Pollina 4, obovoid, somewhat compressed, |

adnate to a broad acute gland.

Fig. 1, lip and column; 2, anther-cap; 8 and 4, pollinia :—all enlarged.

8632.

fees A

% ose Ed re

M.S.del, IN Ritch lith. Vince Brooks Day & Son Lt® imp

L Reeve &C? London.

Tas. 8632.

STREPTOCARPUS DENTICULATA.

Transvaal.

GESNERIACEAE, Tribe CYRTANDREAE.

Srreprocarrus, Lindl.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 1023.

Streptocarpus denticulata, Twrrill; species S. pusillae, C. B. Clarke, affinis ;

foliis utrinque fere glabris, corollae tubo breviore, limbo majore distincta.

Herba acaulis, unifoliata. Foliwm (cotyledon) ovatum, obtusum, basi cordatum,

ad 2 dm. longum, 1°8 dm. latum, margine denticulatum, pagina utraque

fere glabrum. JInjlorescentiae ad 2°4 dm. altae, multiflorae, pilis glandu-

loso-eapitatis dense instructae; bracteae lineares. Calya 5-partitus, ut

pedunculi et pedicelli dense glanduloso-pubescens, segmentis linearibus

acutis 4 mm. longis 1 mm. latis. Corollae tubus cylindricus, medio con-

strictus, 8 mm. longus, basi 4 mm. diametro ; limbus bilabiatus, roseo-

purpureus, labio antico trilobo carmineo-lineato, lobis late orbicularibus

aequalibus 7 mm. longis 8 mm. latis crenulatis, postico bilobo inferne

atropurpureo, lobis aequalibus late orbicularibus 7 mm. longis 5 mm.

latis leviter decurrentibus, antheris 2°75 mm. longis; staminodia 1-2 mm.

longa. Discus annulatus, glaber. Ovarium cylindricum, leviter obliquum,

4 mm. altum, 1°5 mm. diametro, dense brevius glanduloso-pubescens ;

stylus 4 mm. longus, glanduloso-pubescens, stigmate bilobo.—W. B.

TURRILL.

The genus Streptocarpus is confined to Africa south of

the Tropic of Cancer and to the Mascarenes. Two sections

are generally recognized ; one, Unifoliatae, has only one

green assimilating leaf which is a persistent cotyledon ;

the other, Aosulatae, has 1-4 leaves in addition to the

cotyledon which is usually present. The species figured

is one of the Unifoliatae, of which about fifteen are

already known from various parts of South Africa. The

nearly or quite glabrous leaf (cotyledon) of S. denticulata

is unlike the densely hairy one of S. pusilla, Harv.,

to which our plant appears most nearly allied. The

glandular-pubescent character of the inflorescence is a

noticeable feature, though our species shares this with

some of the others. The general colour of the flowers

is distinctive, and may be described as rose-purple with

lines of deeper carmine on the lower lip, and dark-

purple blotches on the lower part of the upper lip.

In other species of Streptocarpus figured in this work

the corolla is more or less blue or violet, as, in S.

OcroBER, 1915,

Galpini, Hook. f., at t. 7230; S. Wendlandii, Dammann,

at t. 7447; and S. Mahoni, Hook. f., at t. 7857. The

material for our plate has been derived from a

plant presented to Kew by Mr. R. I. Lynch, Botanic

Garden, Cambridge, in 1914, This plant was raised

by Mr. Lynch from seed communicated by Mr. W. E.

Ledger, Wimbledon, who had received it from South

Africa, where it had been collected by Mr. J. N. Thorn-

croft on one of the mountains near Barberton, in the

Transvaal. It has thriven well under the conditions

suitable for other species of the genus, and has ripened

seeds from which a second generation of plants has been

raised. Crosses, Mr. Lynch informs us, have been made

between S. denticulata and various species, more especially

S. cyaneus, 8. Moore, with which it seems to pair more

readily than with others. In the case of S. cyaneus, Crosses

have been made both ways, and in each the influence of

the female parent has shown itself the stronger.

Description.—Herb, stemless and with only one leaf,

which is an enlarged persistent cotyledon. Leaf ovate,

obtuse, margin denticulate, base cordate, sometimes 8 in.

long, 7 in. wide, glabrous or nearly so on both surfaces.

Inflorescences clustered, many-flowered, 9-10 in. in height,

densely clothed with glandular hairs; bracts linear.

Calya S-partite, densely glandular-pubescent ; lobes

narrow-linear, acute, 4 in. long. Corollu rose-purple,

tube white, limb with purple blotches and crimson

streaks ; tube cylindric, narrowed in the middle, } in.

long, + in. wide at the base ; limb 2-lipped ; lower lip

3-lobed, the lobes subequal, wide-orbicular, over } in.

long, 4 in. wide, their margin crenulate ; upper lip

2-lobed, lobes equal, wide-orbicular, over 4 in. long,

in. wide, faintly crenulate. Stamens 2 perfect, glabrous ;

filaments } in. long, slightly decurrent; anther under

+ in. long ; staminodes short. Dis/: annular, glabrous.

Ovary cylindric, slightly oblique, } in. long, under +s

in. wide, densely glandular-pubescent with short hairs;

style } in. long, glandular-pubescent ; stigma 3-lobed.

Fig. 1, calyx and pistil; 2, corolla,

hi ee arses laid open; 8 and 4, anthers; 5, ovary;

—all enlarged except 6, which is much reduced.

Vincent Brooks, Day &Sor LeFimp-

M.8.del. IN. Fitch lith

LReeve & C° London.

TAB. 8633.

CLEMATIS vuncrnata, forma RETUSA.

China.

RANUNCULACEAE. Tribe CLEMATIDEAE.

Ciematis, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 3.

Clematis uncinata, Champion ex Benth. in Hook. Kew Journ. Bot, vol. iii.

p. 255, forma retusa, Sprague ; foliolis apice retusis a typo distincta.

Frutex scandens. Caules sulcati, purpurascentes, glabri. Folia pinnatim

quinquefoliolata vel septemfoliolata (ea inflorescentiae trifoliolata vel

simplicia) ; foliola elliptica vel late ovata, apice retusa, basi cordata vel

rotundata, 3-6°5 cm. longa, 2-3 cm. lata, tenuiter coriacea, glabra ; petiolus

in basin ampliatus, supra valde excavatus; petioluli 1-2°5 cm. longi.

Thyrsi foliati; pedicelli 1°5-2°5 cm. longi, basi pari bractearum suffulti ;

bracteae anguste lanceolatae, 4-5 mm. longae. Sepala alba, ligularia,

minute apiculata, 1°5-1°8 cm. longa, 3-5 mm. lata, primum patentia,

demum deflexa. Stamina numerosa; filamenta linearia, 2-8 mm. longa;

minute apiculatae. Pistilla pluria, vix 1 cm. longa; ovarium glabrum ;

stylus longe dense plumosus. Achaenia formae retusae haud cognita,

formae typicae oblonga, breviter rostrata, 6-7 mm. longa, stylo patenter

plumoso triplo longiore.—T. A. Spracus.

The striking form of Clematis uncinata which is the

subject of our plate differs from the plant originally

described as C. wncinata by Champion, by its leafy

inflorescence, that of the type being comparatively

leafless, and by its leaflets being all retuse in place of

acutely acuminate and recurved or almost hooked at

the tip, the feature to which the species owes its name.

Yet in spite of the distinctive appearance thus imparted

to the present form, the two extremes are connected by

a series of intermediate conditions, the existence of

which renders it impossible to accord our plant even

the rank of a variety. For the material from which our

illustration has been prepared we are indebted to Captain

D. V. Pirie, in whose garden at the Chateau de Varennes,

a few miles west of Angers, it makes a most beautiful

picture, clambering over a wall and succeeding under the

strong sun of Western France much better than it does

at Kew. Fragrant as well as graceful, C. uncinata is

evidently a species which loves bright sunshine. In

OcroBER, 1915.

England it does not appear to be very hardy in the

open ground and will probably require to be grown on

a south wall in order to bring out its best qualities.

Descrietion.—Shrub, climbing; stems grooved, pur-

plish, glabrous. Leaves pinnately 5-foliolate or 7-folio-

late, those of the inflorescence 3-foliolate or simple ;

leaflets elliptic or wide-ovate, retuse, base cordate or

rounded, 14-24 in. long, 3-1? in. wide, thinly coriaceous,

glabrous; petiole widened at the base, deeply channelled

above; petiolules § in. long. Flowers disposed in a

leafy thyrse ; pedicels 2-1 in. long, with a pair of bracts

at the base; bracts narrow-lanceolate, 4-1 in. long.

Sepals white, narrow oblong, minutely apiculate, 23—} in.

long, 1—} in. wide, at first spreading, ultimately deflexed.

Stamens many; filaments linear, ;',-1 in. long; anthers

linear, }-+ in. long, finely apiculate. Carpels very many,

about 5 in. long; ovary glabrous; style densely plumose

with long hairs. Achenes of the form now described

unknown; those of the typical form oblong, shortly

oe about } in. long; style feathered with spreading

airs,

Figs. 1 and 2, stamens ; 3, pistil :—all enlarged.

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[CAL MAGAZINE.

3 CONTENTS OF No. 131, NOVEMBER, 1915,

«

Tas, 8634-RHODODENDRON CARNEUM. co

yy 8635—STEVEKINGIA SHEPHEARDII. f

: ” 8636. ANEMONE OBTUSILOBA, rorwa PATULA.

5 8637. —POTENTILLA DAVURICA, van. VEITCHII

sr a 5; sslta & Co., ra, 6, Henrietta Sead Covent Garden, W.C.

oe ‘HEPATICE or THe BRITISH ISLES.

. LA MRE Ww. H. PEARSON.

z | Barca in wa ‘Vols., with 298 plates, 10 in. by 62 in, Giving Deakinpe ss

ee ane seas: jay Geographical Distribution, Glossary Table of heen

and good Index. 4

With Goloured Plates, £6 6s. ne

With Uncoloured Plates, £4 10s.

eo

sig n ; 835 Coloured Plates, showing over 5 000 fig

8634

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Vincent Brooks,Day & Sen Lt2 imp.

MS del JN Fitch hth

L. Reeve & C? London.

Tas. 8634. 2$: fa.

RHODODENDRON carnevm.

; Upper Burma.

Ericaceak. Tribe RHODOREAE.

Ruyopvopenpron, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. ii. p. 599.

Rhododendron ecarneum, Hutchinson; species distincta affinis R. Vettchiano,

Hook., sed calycis lobis multo minoribus longe ciliatis, corolla minore

carnea extra roseo tincta intus emaculata, lobis subplanis divergentibus

margine haud crispatis differt.

Frutex metralis; ramuli dense brunneo-lepidoti. Folia elliptico-obovata, sub-

acuta, basi obtusa vel subcuneata, 6-12 cm. longa, 3-4 cm. lata, coriacea,

supra intense viridia, arcte reticulata, glabra, infra glauca, glandulis flavis

lepidota ; costa infra prominens, basi circiter 1°5 mm. lata; nervi

laterales utrinsecus 5-8, utringue conspicui, flexuosi, prope marginem

tenuissimi ; petioli 1-1°5 em. longi, dense lepidoti. Perulae late ovatae,

obtuse mucronulatae, extra lepidotae. Calyx bene evolutus, 5-lobus, lobis

rotundato-ovatis apice longe piloso-ciliatis extra dense lepidotis. Corolla

carnea; tubus 3°5-4 cm. longus, basi 0°8 cm. fauce 3 cm. diametro, extra

parce lepidotus, intus glaber; lobi patentes, oblongi, apice truncati vel

rotundati, 8 cm. longi, 2°3-3°5 cm. lati. Stamina plerumque 12, inae-

qualia, breviter exserta; filamenta subfiliformia, inferne patule pilosa, ad

4:5 em. longa; antherae 4 mm. longae. Ovariwm 0°56 cm. altum, dense

lepidotum ; stylus exsertus, 5°5 em. longus, dense lepidotus, superne roseus,

stigmate capitato brunneo viscido 3°5 mm. diametro.—J. HutcHInson.

The very attractive Rhododendron which forms the

subject of our plate is a native of Northern Burma, where

it was met with at an altitude of about 7500 feet above

the level of the sea in the Northern Shan States by

Major C. W. Browne, Survey of India, by whom a

supply of seed was sent to Col. F. B. Longe, Holly Lodge,

Thorpe, Norwich. From these seeds, sown in July, 1909,

Col. Longe was able to raise several plants ; one of these

plants, which flowered in 1914 under the conservatory

treatment suitable for A. formosum. and R&R. Veitchii, was

sent to Kew for examination, and afforded an oppor-

tunity for the preparation of the figure here given.

According to the information received by Col. Longe,

this species in its natural state affects open grassy hill

sides away from any large trees, prefers western slopes,

and only grows to a height of about three feet. The

NovemBer, 1915.

rs in their native habitat are of a crimson pink

mh gradually turns to a delicate white, or to wn

suffused with pink. The affinity of 2. carneum wit

ft. Veitchianum, Hook., also a Burmese species which

has been figured at t. 4992 of this work, is very marked,

and if only herbarium material of the two be consulted,

the impression might be formed that they are barely

separable. When, however, the figures made ae

living material of the two species are compared, severa

differences are manifest. In 2. Veitchianum the calyx-

lobes are usually considerably larger, and are always less

ciliate, while the corolla, which is white, is always larger

and is yellow inside the tube, its lobes being suberect in

place of spreading and having strikingly crispate margins.

DESCRIPTION.— Shrub, about 3 ft. high; twigs densely

brown-lepidote. Leaves elliptic-obovate, subacute, base

obtuse or slightly cuneate, 2;-43 in. long, 14-14 in. wide,

coriaceous, deep green above, closely reticulate, glabrous,

glaucous and lepidote with yellow glands beneath; mid-

rib raised beneath, with 5_8 lateral nerves along each

side which are visible on both surfaces, are somewhat

curved, and become very slender towards the margin of

the leaf; petiole 3~3 in. long, densely lepidote. Bud-

ovate, ciliate at the tip with long hairs and densely

lepidote outside. Coroll1 flesh-coloured ; tube 11-1} in.

lower half, up to 1? in. Jo :

3 in. long, densely lepidote ; style exserted, 2; in. long,

densely lepidote, pink upwards; stigma capitate, brown,

viscid, } in. across,

midi Sasi aan C8

Fig. 1, portion of a leaf, show

ing lower surface ; 2, scales from a leaf; 8, calyx

and pistil; 4, calyx and Ovary; 5, outside of a corolla-lobe,; showing scales ;

6 and 7, stamens :—ai/ enlarged.

dtmp.

- Vincent Brooks,Day & SonLtéimp :

L.Reeve & C°London

TAB. 8635.

SIEVEKINGIA SHEPHEARDH.

Colombia.

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe VANDEAE.

SIEVEKINGIA, Reichb. f. Beitr. Syst. Pflanzenk. (1871) p. 8.

Sievekingia Shepheardii, Rolfe; species nova ab alteris adhuc descriptis

pseudobulbis diphyllis, scapis erectis et multifloris distincta.

Herba epiphytica. Pseudobulbi aggregati, ovoidei vel ovoideo-oblongi, angulati,

basi vaginis ovatis acutis membranaceis obtecti, 2-4 cm. longi, 1-1°5 em.

lati, diphylli. Folia petiolata, elliptico-lanceolata, acuminata, plicata,

subundulata, 12-20 cm. longa, 8-5 cm. lata; petiolus 2-5 cm. longus,

Scapus erectus, circiter 10 cm. longus, multiflorus, rhachis nigro-puberula.

Bracteae lanceolataeé, acuminatae, 1-1°5 cm. longae. Pedicelli circiter

1 cm. longi, nigro-puberuli. Flores mediocres, lutei. Sepala subconni-

ventia, lanceolata, acuminata, 1°5 em. longa, extra nigro-puberula, Petala

anguste obovato-oblonga, subobtusa, 1 cm. longa. Labellwm sub-

pandurato-oblongum, subeconcavum, margine integrum, apice subacutum

et recurvum, 1 cm. longum, basi callo breve et papilloso instructum.

Columna clavata, 0°8 cm. longa, alis latis et integris; pollinia 2, ellip-

soidea; stipes subgracilis; glandula oblonga.—R. A. Rours.

The Orchid now figured is a member of a small but

interesting genus which was originally founded by the

late Professor Reichenbach in 1871 on a species from

Costa Rica described as Sievekingia suavis. To the genus

Reichenbach subsequently added two more species,

S. fimbriata, also a Costa Rica plant, and S. Jenmanii, a

native of British Guiana. Since then a plant from

Ecuador, originally described by Mr. F. C. Lehmann as

Gorgoglossum Reichenbachianum, has been found to be in

reality a Sievekingia, and has been figured at t. 7576 of

this work as S. Reichenbachiana. More recently two

additional species have appeared in collections. One of

these, a native of Peru, has been described as S. peruvian,

Rolfe. The other, S. Shepheardii, now first described is

a native of Colombia. J+ is one of nine Orchids collected

in the Colombian district of Rio Condoto Choco by

Dr. 8. Shepheard in 1912 and was acquired for the Kew

collection from Mrs. Shepheard, Abbots Hall, Aylsham,

in 1914, It flowered in the Tropical Orchid House at

NoveMBER, 1915.

Kew in February, 1915, and so permitted our plate to be

prepared. Planted in a teak basket and suspended near

the roof-glass, it thrives well under the treatment suit-

able for members of the genus Stanhopea. Its cultural

requirements are thus in accordance with its natural

affinities for, when first described, the genus was noted

as being allied to Lacaena, Lindl., which in the Genera

Plantarum was placed in the subtribe Cyrtopodiear, but

has since been more satisfactorily transferred to the sub-

tribe Stanhopieae, wherein Sievekingia is most appropriately

included. The two species from Costa Rica are unknown

now in orchid collections; those from South America

appear, perhaps owing to difficulties connected with -

their culture, to have failed to secure a permanent

position in our gardens.

Drscription.—Herb, epiphytic; pseudobulbs 2-foliate,

clustered, ovoid or ovoid-oblong, angled, clothed at the

base with acute membranous sheaths, 3-11 in. long,

about 3 in. wide. Leaves petioled, elliptic-lanceolate,

acuminate, plicate, margin slightly waved, 5-8 in. long,

1j-2 in. wide; petiole 3-2 in. long. Scape erect, about

4 in. long, many-flowered ; rachis puberulous with black

hairs ; bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 1-2 in. long ; pedicels

about 4 in. long, puberulous with black hairs. Flowers

of medium size, yellow. Sepals somewhat connivent,

lanceolate, acuminate, about 2 in. long, puberulous with

black hairs. _ Petals narrowly obovate-oblong, rather

blunt, about din. long. Lip somewhat pandurate-oblong,

rather concave, with margin entire and tip rather acute

and recurved, about } in. long, the base with a short

papillose callus. Cvlumn clavate, } in. long, with broad

entire wings ; pollinia 2, ellipsoid ; stipe rather slender ;

gland oblong.

Fig. 1, lip; 2, column; 8, anther-cap ; 4, pollinarium :—all enlarged.

8636

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ANEMONE opsrusiLosa, forma PATULA.

Himalaya, Burma and China.

RANUNCULACEAE. Tribe ANEMONEAE.

AnEMonE, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 4.

Anemone obtusiloba, Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. p. 194; Hook. f. et Thoms. Fl.

Ind. vol. i. p. 22, et in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol.i. p.8; Finet et Gagnep.

in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. vol. li. p. 62; species sat variabilis ab A. rupestri,

Wall. ex Hook. f. et Thoms., habitu robustiore, foliisque minus divisis

recedit ; forma patula ramis floriferis elongatis pedunculis adscendentibus

instar.

Herba perennis. Folia juventute erecta, demum patula, rosulata, ambitu

magis minusve ovata, circa 5 cm. longa et lata, tripartita segmentis trifidis,

subtus pallidiora, pagina utraque pilis longis albis instructa, nervis subtus

prominulis, supra leviter impressis ; petioli 6-7 cm. longi, pilis longis albis

divergentibus instructi nisi inferne ubi complanati, pallidi et supra glabri.

Ramuli floriferi decumbentes, pedicellis exclusis 20 cm. longi, basi 4 mm.

diametro, plurisulcati, virides vel brunneo-virides, pilis longiusculis albidis

adscendentibus instructi, apice involucro circiter 2°5 cm. longo e bracteis

4 foliosis composito ornati, flores 1-3 gerentes. Pedicelli terminales ad

20 cm. longi, laterales haud rarissime evoluti ad 8 cm. longi, omnes

apicem versus bibracteolati et ut pedunculus communis sulcati et pube-

scentes. Flores coeruleo-purpurascentes, expansi 3°5-4 cm. diametro;

sepala saepius 5, raro 6, plus minusve obovata, basi in unguem latum saepe

vix conspicuum angustata, dorso medio pubescentia. Filamenta circiter

5 mm. longa, complanata, apice angustata, omnino glabra, antheris vix

2 mm. longis. Carpella pilis brunneis rigidis erectis obtecta, stylo per-

brevi.— W. G. Crarn.

The Anemone here figured was collected by Mrs.

Wheeler Cuffe at a high altitude on Mount Victoria, a

peak 12,500 feet in height in the Arakan Yomah in

Western Burma. Attempts, all of which had proved

unsuccessful, had been made to send seeds to Europe

but, during a visit which Mrs. Cuffe was able to pay to

Mount Victoria in 1913, she was able to obtain plants

which she brought home herself and presented to the

Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin. Here they throve

well in a cold frame, where they have passed uninjured

through two winters, flowering freely in May and June.

From one of these plants, sent by Sir Frederick Moore for

NovEMBER, 1915.

the purpose, our plate has been prepared. The species,

A. obtusilola, to which this interesting Burmese plant is

here referred, was first described by Mr. D. Don in 1825

from specimens sent home by Dr. Wallich from Gossain

Than in the Alps of Central N epal. Its range of distribu-

tion, for an alpine species, is unusually wide, for it

extends from Kashmir throughout the Himalaya to

Western China, and its discovery on Mount Victoria

Somewhat unexpectedly widens its area towards the

south. As Sir Joseph Hooker has pointed out, A.

obtusiloba is further extremely variable in size, hairiness

and colour of flower; one singular form from Western

Tibet with numerous golden yellow sepals is perfectly

glabrous. Elsewhere the flowers may be white, purplish

or golden, and in Kashmir, where both yellow and purple-

flowered forms occur, the latter is well-known to English

visitors as the Blue Buttercup. This name is also used

in Burma where, so far, only a form with purplish-blue

flowers has been found. The distinctive feature of this

flowering branches, a feature not met with in specimens

from other portions of the wide area in which A. obtusi-

Himalayan ‘Specimens are concerned, is probably the

result of differences in the conditions under which

individual plants have been grown, and it is not incon-

ceivable that the great length of the flowering branches

and their decumbent position in the form now figured

may be the consequences of cultivation. In the absence

to treat this charming plant as a form of A. obtusiluba ;

should the communication of material from its original

habitat show that the features which mark it are

natural ones, it may be desirable to treat it rather as a

distinct variety. The plant gives some promise of

proving hardy; an example planted out at Glasnevin in

May, 1915, has grown as well and flowered as freely as

those in the frame.

Derscription.—//erh, perennial. Leaves at first erect,

at length spreading and rosulate, more or less ovate,

about 2 in. long and broad, 3-partite with each segment

3-fid, rather pale beneath, beset on both faces with long

white hairs, the nerves raised beneath, slightly sunk

above ; petiole 21—23 in. long, beset with long spreading

white hairs except at the base where they are infolded

and are pale and glabrous on the upper side. Plow-ring

branches decumbent, 8 in. long under the bracts, 1 in.

thick at the base, grooved throughout, green or brownish-

green, beset with rather long, ascending white hairs, each

bearing a whorl of 4 apical leafy bracts about 1 in. long

with 1-3 flowers. edicels variable, the terminal up to

8 in. long, the lateral 1 or 2 which frequently accompany

it up to 3 in. long, all 2-bracteolate near the top and

sulcate and pubescent like the branch below. Fowers

purplish-blue, 14-1} in. across; sepals usually 5, occasion-

ally 6, more or less obovate, base narrowed to a wide

and often hardly noticeable claw, pubescent outside

along the middle. Filaments about 1 in. long, flattened,

narrowed at the tip, quite glabrous, anthers very short.

Carpels closely beset with brown, stiff, erect hairs ; style

. very short.

Fig. 1, a stamen; 2, a young carpel; 3, a fruiting carpel; 4, sketch of an

entire plant :—all enlarged except 4, which is much reduced.

8637

M.S. del. J. N Fitch lith

Vincent, Brooks,Day & Son Letimp-

L.Reeve & C° London.

: Tas. 8637.

POTENTILLA pavurica, var. Verrcut.

China.

RosaceagE. Tribe Porenrinuear.

PorentTiLua, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 620; Wolf in Luerssen

Bibliotheca Botanica, vol. xvi. (Heft 71).

Potentilla davurica, Nestl., var. Veitchii, Jesson; varietas distincta a

P. davurica typica habitu altiore laxiore et foliolis saltem juvenilibus

utrinque magis minusve sericeo-pilosis apte sejungenda.

Frutex sempervirens, 1-1°5 m. altus; caules ramique lignosi, juniores pilis

sericeis magis minusve vestiti, vetustiores sparse pilosi, cortice fusco facile

solubili. Folia 1:5-2-5 cm. longa, 3-5-foliolata, petiolo 0-5-1°2 em. longo

pubescente suffulta; foliola sessilia obovato-oblonga vel oblanceolata,

apice mucronulata, integra, 0°7-1°5 cm. longa, 0°35-0°7 em. lata, supra

viridia, subtus pallidiora, utrinque adpresse sericeo-pilosa (in planta culta

parce pilosa), nervis lateralibus infra plus minusve conspicuis ; stipulae

ovatae, acuminatae, 7 mm. longae, scariosae. Flores plerumque apices

ramulorum brevium, uni- vel pauci-foliatorum terminantes, solitarii, raro

altero subterminali addito, hermaphroditi vel masculi, albi; pedicelli~

1-2 cm. longi, longe laxiuscule sericeo-pilosi vel subvillosi. Sepala

exteriora herbacea, viridia, obovato-oblonga, acuta, mucronulata, 4-5 mm.

_ longa, interiora submembranacea, flavescentia, exterioribus semper longiora,

ovata, mucronato-acuminata, omnia extra pilis albis instructa, interiora

intus apicem versus villosula. Petala obovata vel suborbiculata, 7-9 mm.

longa. Stamina petalis dimidio breviora. Ovariwm pilis longis denxissime

tectum. Stylus claviculiformis, vel crassiuscule filiformis. Stigma sub-

capitatum.—P. Veitchii, E. H. Wilson in Gard. Chron., 1911, vol. 1. p- 102.

P. fruticosa, var. Veitchiit, Bean, Trees and Shrubs, vol. ii. p. 222.—

E. M. Jxsson.

The subject of our plate is one of the most attractive

and, from the cultural standpoint, one of the most

distinct of the various shrubby Potentillas added to our

collections in recent years. It is a native of upland

thickets in Szechuan and Western Hupeh at elevations

of over 6000 feet above sea-level, and was introduced

from this area by Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons through

their collector, Mr. E. H. Wilson, in 1900. It flowered

under cultivation for the first time in their nursery at

Coombe Wood in 1902. In 1907 Mr. Wilson sent plants

from the Arnold Arboretum on behalf of Professor

Sargent, and in 1911 he treated the plant as a distinct

species, P. Veitchii. In 1912 another plant raised from

Novemper, 1915.

Northern Chinese seed was received at Kew under the

same name from the Arnold Arboretum. This flowered

in the hardy collection here in 1914 and from it the

material for our plate has been obtained. This plant

differs from the one from Western Hupeh in having less

hairy leaves with less prominent lateral veins, somewhat

smaller outer sepals and petals, and a rather longer style

more attenuated towards the base. In other respects

the two plants agree. But while sufficiently distinct asa

garden-plant, there is little doubt that the form here

figured must be looked upon as one intermediate between

P. fruticosa, Linn., and P. davurica, Nestl. Several such —

forms with whitish or pale sulphur-coloured flowers are

known from Eastern Siberia and Manchuria, where the

areas of these two species overlap ; they appear to

correspond with the different variations referred to the

reputed garden hybrid, P. Friedrichseni, Spith. Our

plant has indeed already been referred as a variety to

P. fruticosa by Mr. Bean ‘in his excellent work on “ Trees

and Shrubs Hardy in the British Isles,” and that it must

be accorded treatment of this kind is indisputable.

Perhaps, however, it is on the whole preferable to reduce

it to the other species of the pair, P. davurica, a plant

well known in cultivation and figured at t. 3676 of this

work as P. glabra, Lodd., which has leaflets that, even in

bud, are glabrous except for a few hairs along the

Margins, and is in its native country a dwarf compact

shrub. There are other distinct varieties of P. davurica ;

one with a dense and shaggy tomentum from Manchuria

has been distinguished under P. fruticosa, not under

its proper species, as var. mandschurica, Maxim. ; another

with silvery leaves occurs in Western China. .

davuriea, var. Veitchii, in its native country affects open,

rocky situations, fully exposed to the sun. Mr. Wilson

describes it as being rem arkably floriferous ; though at its

best in early summer, it flowers continuously from May

till late autumn, producing its sprays of snow-white

flowers well above the grey-green foliage. In cultivation

it makes a shapely low bush and flowers continuously

pate May until September. It likes a loamy soil and an

n, sunny position, and may be propagated by cuttings

made in July and August. PEP ; :

DESORIPTION.—Shrub, evergreen, 3-5 ft. high; stems

and branches woody, the younger more or less silky, the

older sparingly hairy, the bark flaking. Leaves 2-1 in.

long, 3-5-foliolate; petiole pubescent, }—} in. long;

leaflets sessile, obovate-oblong or oblanceolate, mucronu-

late, entire, }-2 in. long, }—} in. wide, green above, paler

beneath, adpressed silky or in the cultivated plant

sparingly hairy on both surfaces, lateral nerves more or

less raised beneath ; stipules ovate, acuminate, + in. long,

scarious. /Vowers usually solitary at the ends of short

one- to few-leaved twigs, occasionally accompanied by a

second nearly terminal flower, hermaphrodite or male,

white; pedicels 1—} in. long, rather loosely silky or

almost villous with long hairs. Sepals: outer herbaceous,

green, obovate-oblong, acute, mucronulate, 1—} in. long;

inner almost membranous, yellowish, always longer than

the outer, ovate, mucronately acuminate ; all beset with

white hairs outside, and somewhat villous towards the

apex within. Petals obovate or suborbicular, about 4 in.

long. Stamens half as long as the petals. Ovary densely

clothed with long hairs. Style clavicular or almost

filiform. Stigma somewhat capitate.

Fig. 1, leaf and stipules; 2, vertical section of a flower, the petals removed ;

3 and 4, stamens ; 5, carpel; 6, style :—all enlarged.

AND OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS.

Ke EDITED BY

“SIR. DAVID PRAIN, C.M.G., OLE, LLD.,

Director; Ropai Botanic Grardens, Hew.

< ‘doi in this otek yale we stand again,

oe Meio of Enna, now once more ablaz

s that brigh’ =

Tap. 8638.—FATSIA JAPONICA.

8639. —EUONYMUS OXYPHYLLUS.

. 8640.—IRIS BRACTEATA.

- 8641 fe RaUNVE MAXIMOWTOZIL

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lete in aoe vale with 228, aR 10 j in. 3 62'in. Giving Peetth

Short ries Geographical Distribution, Glossary Table of Literature,

and good Index. hae

With Coloured Plates, £6 6s. !

With ‘Uncoloured ese £4 10s.

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FATSIA JAPONICA.

Japan.

ARALIACEAE. Tribe PANACEAE.

Farsta, Dene et Planch.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 939.

Fatsia japonica,'Dene et Planch. in Rev. Hort. 1854, p. 105 ; Il. Hort. vol. xvii.

p. 116, t. 22 (var. awreo-reticulata, Verschaf.) ; Franch. et Sav. Enum. Pl.

Jap. vol. i. p. 194; Trans. Russ. Hort, Soc. 1863, p. 288, t. 146; Regel,

Gartenfl. 1863, p. 871, t. 420; Shirasawa, Ic. Jap. vol. ii. t. 57, fig. 1-14;

a F. papyrifera, Benth. et Hook. f., paniculis puberulis (nec tomentosis),

capitulis majoribus et floribus saepissime pentameris differt.

Frutexr 1-4-metralis, inermis; caulis teres, inermis, foliatus. Folia petiolata,

7-9-loba, 12-80 cm. diametro, glabra, lobulis elliptico-lanceolatis vel

oblongis acuminatis serratis; petiolus 10-80 cm. longus, basi. latus vel

interdum vaginatus. Inflorescentia ex umbellis globosis, 2°5-4°5 cm.

diametro, pedunculis nonnunquam iterum divisis 2-10 cm. longis suffultis

in paniculas compactas dispositis composita ; rhachis et pedunculi puberuli ;

bracteae lanceolatae, acutae, reflexae. Flores saepissime pentameri, albo-

virides; pedicelli circiter 1 cm. longi, minute puberuli. Calyx campanu-

latus, 5-costatus, 2°5 mm. longus, lobi obsoletes. Petala subpatentia,

ovata, apice apiculata, incurva et subsaccata, medio carinata, 3 mm. longa.

Filamenta glabra, circiter 4 mm. longa; antherae late oblongae, 1°5 mm.

longae. Discus convexus, verrucosus, 3-5 mm. latus ; styli 5, erecti, glabri,

1 mm. longi, apice vix incrassati. Fructus globosus, 0°7-0°8 cm. diametro.

—Aralia japonica, Thunb. Fl. Jap. p. 128; DC. Prodr. vol. iv. p. 258 5

Sieb. et De Vriese, Fl. Jard. Pays-Bas, 1858, p. 25, t. 2. A. Sieboldu,

C. Koch, Dendrol. vol. i. p. 678.—R. A. Roure. :

The interesting Japanese Araliad now figured has long

been known to European cultivators. It is the original

Aralia japonica of Thunberg, but was separated from the

genus Aralia by Decaisne and Planchon, when these

authors revised the Araliaceae, because of its different

floral structure. The name Fatsia, given by them to

the newly established genus, was bestowed owing its

being believed that the native name of our plant

is Fatsi. It is not certain, however, that this is

the case; according to Franchet and Savatier, the

Japanese name is more correctly written Iats’de. These

latter authors included in the genus a second species,

F. horrida, which is, however, better referred to Echino-

DreceMBER, 1915.

panar, Dene & Planch., and has for this reason been

figured as /. horridus at t. 8572 of this work. Another

species was added to the genus by Bentham and Hooker

as I’. papyrifera; this species, which has with justice

been transferred by C. Koch to the genus Tetrapanax,

has also found a place at t. 4697 of this work under its

older name Aralia papyrifera, Hook. The plant now

figured, which is thus the sole representative of its genus,

though a common feature in collections for over sixty

years, has chiefly been in use as a decorative plant in

conservatories. It is, however, hardy in the average

climate of Great Britain if it be given a sheltered

situation. Plants put out in 189] have succeeded well in

the Bamboo Garden at Kew, and although they suffered

somewhat from the great frosts of February, 1895, they

were not destroyed, and that has been the only occasion

on which they appear to have been affected by cold. At

the same time this shrub is to be seen at its very best in

the gardens of our southern and western counties.

Flowering, as it does, in late autumn, its huge panicles

produce a particularly striking effect in October and

_ November, when there are few other plants in blossom.

If F. japonica can be afforded a position which is sheltered

from the sun during the middle of the day, it does better

than in more exposed situations. It likes a loamy soil,

and is increased by placing cuttings of a fairly firm

growth singly in pots plunged in a mildly heated pro-

pagating frame.

DESCRIPTION.—Shrub, 3-13 ft. high, unarmed; stem

terete, without prickles, leafy. Leaves petioled, 7-9-lobed,

5-12 in. wide, glabrous; lobes elliptic-lanceolate or _

oblong, acuminate, serrate; petiole 4-12 in. long, base

_ expanded and at times sheathing. Jnflorescence a com-

pact panicle of globose umbels, each umbel 1-13 in.

across, with a peduncle, occasionally again branched,

%-4 in. long; rachis and peduncles puberulous; bracts

lanceolate, acute, reflexed. Flowers usually 5-merous,

greenish-white ; pedicels about } in, long, finely pube-

rulous. Calyx campanulate, 5-ribbed, +5 in. long, the

lobes obsolete. Petals somewhat spreading, ovate,

apiculate incurved and slightly saccate at the tip, keeled

along the middle, } in. long. laments glabrous, about

4+ in. long; anthers wide-oblong, ; in. long. Disk

convex, verrucose, }—l in. wide; styles 5, erect, glabrous,

very short and very slightly thickened at the tip. Fruit

globose, about } in. across.

Fig. 1, bract ; 2, flower-bud; 3, an expanded flower; 4 and 5, stamens seen

from the side and from behind ; 6, ovary and styles :—all enlarged.

8639

M.S.del. JN Fitch lith

ee a d;

Vincent Braoks,Day & Son Lt" irap-

L. Reeve &C° London.

Tax. 8639.

EUONYMUS oxyPHYLuvs.

Japan and Corea.

CELASTRACEAE. Tribe CELASTREAE.

Evonrmvus, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 360.

Euonymus oxyphyllus, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. vol. ii. p. 865

Mazim. Mél. Biol. vol. xi. p. 187; Hemsl. in Journ, Linn. Soc., Bot.

vol. xxiii. p. 121; Shirasawa, Ess. For. Jap. p. 104, t. 64; Koehne in

Mitteil. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. 1906, p. 63; ab HE. latifolio, Scop., cui sub

anthesi similis, fructibus haud lobatis distinguitur.

Frutex, vel arbor ad 7 m. alta trunco 3 dm. diametro. Gemmae hibernae

ovoideo-fusiformes, acutae, circiter 0°5 cm. longae. Ram patentes ;

ramuli annotini viridi-brunnei, nitiduli, hornotini herbacei, virides, torsione

internodiorum pseudo-distichi. Folia ovato-oblonga, acuminata, subacuta,

basi rotundata vel obtusa, 4°5-8 cm. longa, 2°5-3°5 cm. lata, tenuiter

chartacea, opaca, supra nervo medio leviter elevato venulis indistinctis,

subtus pallida nervis et venulis perdistinctis; petioli 3-5 mm. longi.

Dichasia in axillis foliorum inferiorum ramulorum hornotinorum orta, bis

vel ter furcata; pedunculus 3°5-5°5 cm. longus; pedicelli 5-6 mm. longi.

Flores pentameri, 8-9 mm. diametro. Calyx 4°5 mm. diametro ; sepala

transverse elliptica; petala suborbicularia, luride purpureo-viridia, Discus

quinquelobus, crassus, viridis. S tamina umbonibus disci affixa ; filamenta

0:2 mm. longa, basi articulata; antherae in alabastro inflexae, late reni-

formes, thecis lateralibus apice perfecte confluentibus rima continua

dehiscentibus sub anthesi erecti, post dehiscentiam patelliformes, 0°5 mm.

diametro. Ovarium in disco immersum, 5-loculare; stigma subsessile,

capitatum, 0°6 mm. diametro; ovula pro loculo bina, pendula. Capsula

carminea, depresso-globosa, saepius 3-4-sperma. Semina in arillo coccineo

apice imbricatim quinquelobato omnino inclusa, circiter 4 mm. longa.—

T. A, SPRAGUE. ;

The Spindle-tree which we figure here is one which

appears to be common in Japan and extends into Corea

without, however, occurring in China. It has very much

the appearance of the European Luonymus latifolius,

Scop., and in flower might be mistaken for that plant.

Its fruits differ, however, in being unlobed, and thus

serve to distinguish it. The plant of L. oxyphylius from

which the material for our plate has been obtained was

received at Kew from the Arnold Arboretum in 1895.

It is perfectly hardy and thrives well in a loamy soil.

Like its European ally it is a small tree, at present eight

to ten feet in height, very graceful in habit and extremely

DEcEMBER, 1915,

attractive in September, when its branches are laden

with brilliantly coloured fruits pendulous on long slender

stalks. Each seed is completely enveloped in a fleshy

scarlet imbricately five-lobed arillus. These seeds are

produced in abundance and render its propagation easy.

Description.—Shrub or small tree, in the wild state

reaching 25 ft. in height with a trunk 1 ft. in diameter;

winter-buds ovoid-fusiform, acute, about + in. long;

branches spreading ; twigs of the previous season greenish-

brown, polished ; of the present season herbaceous, green.

Leaves assuming a distichous position from a twisting

of the internodes, ovate-oblong, acuminate, subacute,

rounded or almost truncate at the base, 13-3 in. long,

1-1} in. wide, thinly papery, dull, midrib slightly raised

above, venation indistinct, paler beneath with nerves

and venation very distinct ; petiole 1-1 in. long. Dichasia

2-3 times forked, arising in the axils of the lower

leaves of the shoots of the previous year ; peduncle

13-2} in. long; pedicels 1-2 in. long. Flowers 5-merous,

about 4 in. across. Calyc 1 in. across; sepals trans-

versely elliptic. Petals suborbicular, greenish-purple.

Disk 5-lobed, thick, green. Stamens attached to the

disk-lobes ; filaments j4 in. long, jointed at the base;

anther inflexed in bud, wide reniform, cells lateral

quite confluent at the tip, and opening by a continuous

chink; in flower erect, after dehiscing patelliform.

Ovary sunk in the disk, 5-locular; stigma subsessile,

capitate; ovules 2 in each cell, pendulous. Capsule

carmine, depressed-globose, usually 3-4-seeded. Seeds

completely enveloped in a scarlet arillus which is imbri-

cately 5-lobed at the tip, about 1 in. long.

6

Meera en

Fig. 1, flower-bud ; 2, flower from which the anthers have fallen ; 8, stamen ;

> spneltadinal section of a flower; 5, seed enclosed in its arillus; 6, the same,

with arillus laid open ; 7, the same, with arillus removed :—ail enlarged.

NS.del.J.N Fitch lith.

Vincent Brooks,Day &SonLttimp-

LReeve &C°London.

ll

Tas. 8640.

IRIS BRACTEATA.

Oregon.

TripacgEaE. Tribe IRIDEAE.

Iris, Linn. ; Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 686.

Iris bracteata, S. Watson in Proc. Amer. Acad. vol. xx. (1885), p. 375 et in

Garden and Forest, 1888, p. 438, fig. 8; Dykes in Gard. Chron. 1912,

vol. lii. p. 338, fig. 148, et Genus Iris, p. 88; affinis I. Purdyi, Eastw., sed

pedicello longo, perianthii tubo brevi infundibuliformi, foliis cum quoque

turione paucioribus distincta.

Herba rhizomate gracili oblique descendente cataphyllorum residuis induratis

dense obtecto. T’wriones foliigeri basi cataphyllis firmis brunneis imbri-

catis ovatis vel oblongis acutis tecti. Folia circiter 4, quorum duo valde

abbreviata, fere tota longitudine vaginantia, tertium praecedente fere duplo

longius ad 2 vaginans, summum ad 40 cm. longum non nisi ima basi

vaginans, exteriora basi purpurascentia, caeterum viridia, omnia linearia

acuta, majora ad 8-9 mm. lata, uno latere viridia, altero subglauca vel

paulo pallidiora laevia, nervis tenuibus prominentibus primariis circiter

8-10. Caules florentes ad spatharum bases 10-15 cm. alti, basi cata-

phyllis more turiorum obtecti; cataphylla in folia ad vaginas 4-8 cm. longas

redacta circiter3 abeuntia. Spathae lanceolatae, acuminatae, 5-6 cm. longae,

virides, anguste membranaceo-marginatae, tenuiter carinatae. lores 2;

pedicelli 45cm. longi. Perigoniz tubus infundibuliformis, 5-6 mm. longus ;

segmenta exteriora limbo oblongo-ovato patulo 8°5 em. longo 2 cm. lato

luteo nervis 4 brunneo-purpureis exterioribus marginem versus venas eodem

colore emittentibus eximie ornato sensim in unguem latiusculum 1°5 cm.

longum abeunte; segmenta interiora erecta, limbo oblongo obtuso, in

unguem angustum attenuata, tota lutea. Antherae luteae, 14 mm. longae ;

filamenta brevia, pilosula. Ovariwm oblongum, 1-1°5 cm. longum; styli

rami lati, lineares, crista majuscula subquadrata, lobis subcrenulatis ;

stigma late triangulare. Capswla oblonga, teres. Semina cubico-cuneata.

—O. Srapr.

The subject of our plate, Jris bracteata, has been in

cultivation in the Iris Collection at Kew for a consider-

able number of years, and the material for our figure

has been obtained from one of the oldest plants therein.

The species was discovered in 1884 by Mr. T. Howell, of

Arthur, Oregon, in the Walds and Dear Greek Mountains

of Josephine County close to the southern boundary of

the state, where it flowers in the latter part of April and

in May. Under the cultural treatment suitable for most

species of /ris it thrives well in this country, flowering a

fortnight later than it does in its native habitat.

DecEMBER, 1915.

According to Mr. S. Watson, the veining of the falls, so

marked a feature in the plants grown in England, is not

a constant character, while Mr. Dykes in his monograph

of the genus /ris points out that under cultivation in

this country, various colour varieties or hybrids have

appeared in which the yellow of the flowers in the wild

plant has been replaced by red, almost crimson ; in this

case, however, the veining has persisted. Owing to the

Jaxly branched rhizome J. bracteata is of somewhat scanty

growth, the leaf-tufts and flowering stems coming up in

a scattered fashion. The lowermost leaves just above

the scales are reduced to the sheathing portion and only

one, or occasionally perhaps two of the leaves belonging

to a tuft are of the normal Jris type. Mr. 8S. Watson

has pointed out that the stomata of the leaves are in

this species confined to the pale side of the leaf.

Derscription.—Herb, with a slender branching obliquely

descending rootstock which is closely covered by the

hardened remains of the firm bud-scales; leafy tufts clothed

at the base by fresh firm brown imbricate scales. Leaves

about four to each tuft, usually only one fully developed ;

the two outermost very much reduced and sheathing

almost throughout, the third about twice as long as the

basal, sheathing for two-thirds of its length, the upper-

most fully developed leaf sheathing at the base only and

reaching 15-1} ft. in length ; all linear, acute, the larger

about 4 in. wide, all green on one side, paler green or

somewhat glaucous on the other, main-nerves about

8-10, slender but distinct. Stems with flowers 4-6 in.

high to the bases of the spathes, clothed below with

scales like those of the leafy tufts, the uppermost scales

passing into leaves, usually 3 in number, which are —

reduced to sheaths 13-3 in. long. Spathes lanceolate,

acuminate, 2-21 in, long, green, with thin membranous

margins, slightly keeled along the centre behind. Flowers

2; pedicels 13—-2in. long. Perianth with a funnel-shaped

tube 2-21 in, long; outer segments with an oblong-

ovate, spreading limb about 13} in. long and 3 in. wide

gradually narrowed to a wide claw about 2 in. long,

yellow with 4 brownish-purple, longitudinal veins of

which the outer pair give off numerous lateral branches

of the same colour that pass obliquely outwards to near

the margin; inner segments erect, limb oblong, obtuse,

contracted to a narrow claw, uniformly yellow. Anthers

yellow, over } in. long; filaments short, slightly hairy.

Ovary oblong, 4-3 in. long; style-arms broad, linear,

with a distinct subquadrate crest and crenulate lobes ;

stigma wide-triangular. Capsule oblong, terete. Seeds

somewhat cubical, cuneate.

Fig. 1 and 2, stamens; 3, stigma ;:—all enlarged.

8641

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Tas. 8641.

-PRUNUS Maximowticzu.

Nerth-eastern Asia,

Rosackag, Tribe PRUNEAE.

Prunus, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Plant. vol. i. p. 609.

Prunus Maximowiczii, Rupr. in Bull. Acad. Pétersb. vol. xv. p. 181 (1857) ;

Sargent in Gard. and For. vol. vi. fig. 31, et For. Fl. Jap. t.12; C. K.

Schneider in Handb. der Laubholzk. vol. i. p. 620; Shirasawa, Ic. Jap. vol.

ii. t. 30, figs. 1-9; Bean, Trees and Shrubs, vol. ii. p. 243; species e grege

Mahaleb ob bracteas foliaceas insignis P. szechwanicae, Batalin, proxime

accedens sed inflorescentia nequaquam umbelliforme pedunculo elongato

pedicellis brevioribus bracteis inconspicue glandulosis apte distinguenda.

Arbor 6-9-metralis, coma patula, ramulis hornotinis pallide hirsutis annotinis

glabrescentibus cinereo-fuscis. Folia ovata, elliptica vel obovata,

acuminata, basi cuneata vel rotundata, margine irregulariter duplo-serrata,

85-10 cm. longa, 2-3°5 cm. lata, opaca, supra glabra vel parce pubescentia,

subtus pubescentia praesertim secus costam nervosque; petiolus villosus,

eglandulosus, 0°6-1°4 cm. longus ; stipulae lineares, serratae, pubescentes,

6-8 mm. longae. Racemi corymbosi, 2°5-5 cm. lati, saepius 5-8-flori, in

ramulos foliaceos abbreviatos insidentes; bracteae conspicuae, foliaceae,

concavae, rotundatae vel ovatae, serratae, nonnunquam glandulosae, plus

minusve pubescentes, 6-9 mm. longae; pedunculi villosi, 0°6-1°8 cm,

longi. Flores 1°2-1°5 cm. lati. Calya villosus, basi campanulatus,

5-lobus ; lobi glanduloso-serrati, 3 mm. longi. Petala 5, concava, orbicularia,

6 mm. lata, primum alba, demum puniceo-suffusa. Stamina numerosa ;

antherae luteae. Ovariwm ovoideum, glabrum; stylus gracilis; stigma

capitatum. Fructus globosus, nitidus, suberectus, primum ruber, demum

niger, 0°6 cm. latus.—W. J. Bran.

Prunus Maximowiczii belongs to the Mahaleb section of

the cherries, but is distinguished from the other cultivated

species of that group by the conspicuous foliaceous bracts

on theinflorescence. Jt is closely allied to P. szechuanieca,

Batalin, a species probably not in cultivation, which

differs by its subumbellate inflorescence, its much shorter

peduncle but longer pedicels and by its conspicuously

glandular bracts very villous beneath. Originally

discovered in Eastern Manchuria and described by

Ruprecht in 1857, P. Mazximowiczu has since been found

in Japan, Sachalin and Corea. It did not reach this

country until 1895 when it was sent to Kew by Prof.

Sargent from the Arnold Arboretum, to which establish-

December, 1915.

ment he had introduced it from Japan three years

previously. It has succeeded very well and proved to

be quite hardy, forming a small tree of neat shape.

The material used in the preparation of our plate was

kindly supplied by Mr. T. Smith from his well known

nursery at Newry, where the tree apparently bears fruit

more freely than it does at Kew. There is some varia-

tion in the degree of pubescence on the leaves. On

Mr. Smith’s plant it is almost confined to the midrib and

veins beneath, but on one grown in the Kew collection

the leaves are softly villous beneath. The glands on the

teeth of the bracts and calyx-lobes also vary in their

frequency and size. The foliage of this cherry turns a

fine red colour before falling in both Japan and North

America, but, owing probably to our duller skies, has not

shown this quality with us.

Description.—7ree, 20-30 ft. high, of spreading

habit, young shoots clothed with pale hairs the first

season, glabrescent and greyish-brown the second.

Leaves ovate, oval, or obovate, cuneate to rounded at

the base, shortly acuminate, irregularly and doubly —

serrate; 13-4 in. long, 2-13 in. wide; dull green,

glabrous or slightly pubescent above, pubescent beneath

especially on the midrib and veins; petiole villous,

eglandular, 4-% in. long; stipules linear, serrate, }—1 in.

long, pubescent. tacemes corymbose, 1-2 in. wide,

usually 5-8-flowered, produced on short leafy shoots.

Bracts conspicuous, foliaceous, concave, roundish to

ovate, serrate, sometimes glandular, pubescent (some-

times slightly), 3-3 in. long. Peduncle and pedicels

villous, the latter up to 3 in. Jong. Flowers 4-3 in. wide,

openingin May. Calyx villous, with a campanulate base

and five lanceolate, glandular-serrate lobes + in. long.

Petals 5, concave, orbicular, } in. wide, at first white,

becoming pinkish before falling. Stamens numerous,

anthers yellow; ovary and style glabrous. Fruit

globose, } in. wide, shining, at first red, then black, more

or less erect.

Fig. 1, flower and bract, the petals removed; 2 and 8, stamens; 4, pistil ;

5, young fruit; 6, stone of ripe fruit :—all enlarged. ga

INDEX

To. Vol. XI. of. the Fourrn Serres, or Vol. CXLI.

of the whole Work.

€607 Acanthopanax leucorrhizum.

8621 Alpinia mutica.

8611 Amelanchier florida.

8636 Anemone obtusiloba, forma

patula.

8613 Aristolochia longecaudata.

8600 Cirrhopetalum Fletcheri-

anum.

8633 Clematis

retusa.

8623 Corylus mandshurica.

8594 Cotoneaster pannosa.

8616 Dorstenia yambuyaensis.

8617 Echium Perezii.

8592 Encephalartos Hilde-

brandtii.

8593 Encephalartos Hilde-

brandtii.

8599 Eugenia uniflora.

8639 Euonymus oxyphyllus.

8638 Fatsia japonica.

8609 Gentiana barbata, var.

grandiflora.

8630 Gentiana gracilipes.

8626 Gladiolus Melleri.

8614 Hippeastrum Elwesii.

8640 Iris bracteata.

8608 Iris Urumovii.

8603 Lotus campylocladus, forma

villosior. _

8619 Meconopsis Pratiii.

uncinata, forma

85958 Mesembryanthemum sty-

losum.

85954 Mesembryanthemum _ the-

catum.

8628 Metrosideros diffusa.

8597 Mormodes tigrinum.

8527 Ornithoboea Lacei.

8615 Phelipaea foliata.

8602 Pinguicula gypsicola.

8618 Polystachya paniculata.

8625 Populus lasiocarpa.

8637 Potentilla davurica, var.

_ Veitchii.

8606 Primula Miyabeana.

8612 Primula pycnoloba.

8631 Promenaea microptera.

8641 Prunus Maximowiczii.

8629 Pyrus yunnanensis.

8634 Rhododendron carneum

8620 ag concinnum.

8605 ae Davidsoni-

anum.

8598 Rhododendron moupinense.

8622 oe Souliei.

8601 S stamineum.

8624 Senecio glastifolius.

8635 Sievekingia Shepheardii.

8632 Streptocarpus denticulata.

8604 Thunbergia Gibsonii.

8596 Tillandsia regina.

8610 Zygopetalum Prainianum.