580,5

FB

V, 20:5-7

V, 22:6-10

1942

cop, 2

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STUDIES IN MYXOPHYCEAE. I.

BY

FRANCIS DROUJET

CURATOR OF CRYPTOGAMIC BOTANY

BOTANICAL SERIES

FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

VOLUME 20, NUMBER 6

JUNE 15, 1942

PUBLICATION 519

STUDIES IN MYXOPHYCEAE. I.

BY

FRANCIS DROUET

CURATOR OF CRYPTOGAMIC BOTANY

BOTANICAL SERIES

FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

VOLUME 20, NUMBER 6

JUNE 15, 1942

PUBLICATION 519

PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

BY FIELD MUSEUM PRESS

STUDIES IN MYXOPHYCEAE. I.

FRANCIS DROUET

Specimens cited here are to be found in herbaria as indicated

by the following abbreviations: C, Herbarium of the University of

California; D, Herbarium of Francis Drouet; F, Farlow Herbarium

of Harvard University; FM, Cryptogamic Herbarium, Field Museum

of Natural History; N, Herbarium of the New York Botanical

Garden; P, Herbarium of the University of Pennsylvania; T, Her-

barium of William Randolph Taylor; U, United States National

Herbarium.

POLYCYSTIS glauca (Wolle) Drouet & W. A. Daily, comb. nov.

Anacystis glauca Wolle Bull. Torr. Club 6: 182. 1877. Microcystis

glauca (Wolle) Drouet & Daily Field Mus. Bot. Ser. 20: 73. 1939.—

This transfer is made necessary in the revival of the generic name

Polycystis Kiitz.; see Daily in Amer. Midi. Nat. vol. 27. 1942.

APHANOCAPSA Farlowiana Drouet & Daily, sp. nov. Plantae

aquaticae, natantes, sphaericae vel ovoideae saepe tuberculatae,

duriusculae, laete aerugineae, diametro 1-5 mm. crassae, gelatina

hyalina et firma; cellulis sphaericis, diametro 2 M ad 3 n crassis,

aerugineis, protoplasmate granuloso. Fig. 4. — Floating in shallow

fresh water. This species has cells similar in size to those of A.

Richteriana Hieron. but can be readily distinguished from the latter

by the shape and consistency of the mass. It is named in honor of

the late Professor William G. Farlow of Harvard University. Speci-

mens seen, MASSACHUSETTS: floating in Oyster pond, Falmouth,

R. N. Webster & Drouet 2156, July 1938 (TYPE in herb. F. Drouet;

isotypes, C, F, N), idem, V. Trombetta & Drouet 2184, Sept. 1937

(D), idem, J. Bader, July 1938 (D); Hammonds pond, Newton,

W. G. Farlow, Oct. 1890 (C, F, FM).

PLEUROCAPSA Kerneri (Hansg.) Drouet, comb. nov. Xeno-

coccus Kerneri Hansg. Physiol. & Algol. Stud. 111. 1887. X. acer-

vatus Setch. & Gardn. Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 6: 459. 1918. Micro-

cystis splendens Hollenb. Bull. Torr. Club 66: 493. 1939. M. ovalis

Hollenb. loc. cit. 1939. Plantae microscopicae, epiphyticae, aeru-

gineae, primum pulvinatae demum hemisphaericae usque ad fere

sphaericae, matrice gelatinosa hyalina vel luteola non aut vix

lamellosa; cellulis aerugineis, sphaericis vel hemisphaericis vel

polyhedroideis, vulgo ad 6 n (raro usque ad 15 M) crassis, proto-

plasmate vix granuloso. — Epiphytic on other algae in fresh and

125

126 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. 20

brackish water, rarely in marine water. Hansgirg's name Xeno-

coccus Kerneri is here accepted on the basis of specimens interpreted

thus by Ed. Bornet in the Farlow Herbarium. The plants in these

specimens have cells separated by gelatinous material and are there-

fore quite different from those of species of Xenococcus and Dermo-

carpa, which possess distinct cell walls and do not produce a gela-

tinous matrix. The type material of Xenococcus acervatus Setch.

& Gardn. distributed as Pleurocapsa amethystea var. Schmidtii

Gardn. in Phyc. Bor.-amer. 1704 is excellent material of Pleurocapsa

Kerneri as described above. The isotypic specimen of Microcystis

splendens Hollenb. and M. ovalis Hollenb. in the Cryptogamic

Herbarium of Field Museum consists of plants developed in culture

which I can explain only as peculiar growths of this species under

special conditions, some of the cells having become greatly enlarged

and subsequently divided into numerous gonidia. Specimens seen,

MAINE: on Rhodochorton and Sphacelaria, Eagle island, F. S.

Collins 2113, July 1891 (F). MASSACHUSETTS: on Cladophora,

Magnolia, W. G. Farlow, Sept. 1903 (F, FM); tide pool, Cohasset,

Collins, Oct. 1901 (F; as Xenococcus Kerneri in Phyc. Bor.-amer.

952, FM); on Rhizoclonium, clay pit, Medford, Collins 5509, Sept.

1906 (F). NEW YORK: on Cladophora expansa in pool in salt marshes,

Cold Spring Harbor, L. N. Johnson 1055, Aug. 1894 (F). CALI-

FORNIA: in pools in salt marsh near Berkeley, N. L. Gardner, Nov.

1905 (as Pleurocapsa amethystea var. Schmidtii in Phyc. Bor.-amer.

1704, isotype of Xenococcus acervatus Setch. & Gardn., FM); in old

cultures of phaeophyceae, La Verne, G. J. Hollenberg 2179c, d,

Dec. 1937 (isotype of Microcystis splendens Hollenb. and M. ovalis

Hollenb., FM). SONORA: on back of a turtle in a pool, Union,

Hermosillo, Drouet & D. Richards 3020, Nov. 1939 (FM).

PLEUROCAPSA Deeveyi Drouet, sp. nov. Plantae microscopicae

planctonicae multicellulares plus minusve sphaericae, usque ad 200

M crassae, matrice gelatinosa hyalina demum luteola, arcta; cellulis

aerugineis vel luteolis, polyhedroideis, raro hemisphaericis vel

sphaericis, compactis, usque ad 7 ju crassis, protoplasmate haud

granuloso. — Planktonic in brackish water. The habit of the plants

reminds one forcibly of that of Gomphosphaeria aponina Kiitz. and

of Botryococcus Braunii Kiitz., but the detailed structure is very

different from that of either. It is possible that Pleurocapsa Deeveyi

is a peculiar growth-form of P. fuliginosa Hauck, a species to be

expected in such brackish water. The new species is named in

honor of Dr. E. S. Deevey of the Rice Institute. Specimens seen,

STUDIES IN MYXOPHYCEAE. I 127

TEXAS: La Sal Viejo, Willoughby county, Deevey, Jan. 1941 (TYPE

in Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum); La Sal del Rey,

Hidalgo county, Deevey, Nov. 1941 (FM).

CHROOCOCCUS sonorensis Drouet & Daily, sp. nov. Plantae

microscopicae 1-20-cellulares, irregulariter sphaericae vel ovoideae

saepe lobatae, inter alias algas aquaticas crescentes, matrice gela-

tinosa hyalina homogenea non lamellosa, externe arete delimitata

vel diffluenti; cellulis aerugineis sphaericis vel hemisphaericis, dis-

tantibus, 3 n usque ad 7 /* crassis, protoplasmate baud granuloso.

Fig. 1. — Mixed with other algae in brackish water. The species is

similar to the planktonic C. limneticus Lemm. of fresh water, but

the plants are smaller and often lobate, and the cells seldom remain

hemispherical for a long period as do those of C. limneticus. Speci-

mens seen, SONORA: in pools of brackish water at the beach 4 km.

east of Guaymas, Drouet & D. Richards 3296 (FM), 3298 (TYPE in

Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum), Dec. 1939.

CHROOCOCCUS Prescottii Drouet & Daily, sp. nov. Plantae

microscopicae praecipuius cubicae, haud raro polydehroideae vel

plus minusve sphaericae, 1-32-cellulares, laete aeruginosae, inter

alias algas aquaticas crescentes, matrice gelatinosa hyalina homo-

genea vel obscure lamellosa, externe arete delimitata vel diffluenti;

cellulis aerugineis, sphaericis vel fere hemisphaericis, 4 n usque ad

7 n crassis, protoplasmate homogeneo vel sparse tenui-granuloso.

Fig. 2 — In shallow fresh water. This is the organism referred to

by Prescott & Croasdale, Trans. Amer. Microsc. Soc. 56: 270, f. 9

(1937), under the name Eucapsis alpina. Plants of E. alpina Clem.

& Shantz (if we can judge by the meager type material in the United

States National Herbarium) have much smaller cells than do those

of Chroococcus Prescottii; these cells are of a size and compact arrange-

ment characteristic of Merismopoedia glauca (Ehrenb.) Kiitz.; the

gelatinous matrix is homogeneous. Chroococcus Prescottii, on the

other hand, has large cells widely spaced in a gelatinous matrix

that is often obscurely lamellose. The plants are very similar to

those of C. limneticus Lemm., but with more regular arrangement

of cells and less broad gelatinous matrix. This new species is named

in honor of Professor Gerald W. Prescott of Albion College. Speci-

mens seen, MASSACHUSETTS: Desmid Haven, West Falmouth, H.

Croasdale, July 1935 (D), idem, C. M. Palmer, Aug. 1937 (TYPE in

herb. F. Drouet; isotypes, C, F, N). MICHIGAN: Bryant's bog

near Douglas lake, Cheboygan county, H. A. Gleason Jr., July

1935 (T).

128 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. 20

ENTOPHYSALIS cryptarum (Farl.) Drouet, comb. nov. Chroo-

thece (?) cryptarum Farl. in Coll. Hold. & Setch. Phyc. Bor.-amer.

16: 752. 1900. Stratum gelatinosum, laete aerugineum vel luteolum

vel fuscum vel roseum, 3 — 4 mm. crassum, fills 1-pluri-cellularibus,

tortuosis, compacte aggregatis, ramosis; vaginis hyalinis vel luteis,

arete delimitatis, conspicue lamellosis; cellulis aerugineis, sphaericis

vel cylindricis, 2 M ad 4 n crassis, praecipuius ad 5 n longis, baud

raro usque ad 6 n longis, protoplasmate non granuloso. — On wet

limestone. As noted by Farlow, this species is reminiscent of the

the green alga Urococcus; in habit and in certain morphological

details it resembles U. Hookerianus (Hass.) Kiitz. Because of the

strictly filamentous structure of the plants, it is placed here in

Entophysalis. Specimens seen, BERMUDA: in caves by the seashore,

W. G. Farlow, Jan. 1900 (TYPE in Farlow Herbarium; isotype in

Phyc. Bor.-amer. 752, FM) ; Aggar's cave, Farlow, 1881 (F). PUERTO

RICO: high littoral in sluice-way, San Juan, M. A. Howe 2130,

May 1903 (F). JAMAICA: on wall of a littoral cavern below Fort

Clarence near Kingston, Howe 4651, Dec. 1906 (FM). GUATEMALA:

rocks and cliff, Rio Dulce above Livingston, Dept. Izabal, J. A.

Steyermark 39439, 39440, Apr. 1940 (FM). VENEZUELA: wet rocks,

Margarita island, A. F. Blakeslee, 1903 (F).

DERMOCARPA Gardneriana Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum violaceum

compactum, plantis saepe inter alias algas sedentarias crescentibus;

cellulis plus minusve compactis, aerugineis vel violaceis, inferne

sphaericis vel cum mutua pressione polyhedroideis, vulgo circa

3 M ad 10 M crassis, superne crassioribus atque haud raro perfecte

sphaericis diametro usque ad 40 M crassis, protoplasmate homogeneo,

membrana cellulae tenui hyalina; cellulis grandis in pluribus gonidiis

dividentibus. — On rocks and shells in fresh water. This species,

with its compact strata of many spherical cells, resembles closely

D. violacea Crouan of marine habitats. The plants are readily

parasitized by fungi. This species is named in memory of the late

Professor Nathaniel L. Gardner of the University of California.

Specimens seen, FLORIDA: on stones, Gainesville, M. A. Brannon 40,

Feb. 1942 (FM); in a collecting bottle, Gainesville, Brannon 47,

Mar. 1942 (FM). NEBRASKA: on pebbles in creek bed 8 miles north

of Max, Dundy county, W. Kiener 10595, July 1941 (FM). CALI-

FORNIA: culture of algae from Lake Merced, San Francisco, Gardner

6837, Oct. 1931 (TYPE in Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum;

isotype, C); on shells, Mountain lake, San Francisco, W. J. V.

Osterhout & Gardner, June 1902 (as Pleurocapsa concharum in Phyc.

Bor.-amer. 1051, FM); on dripping rocks in hot water, the Geysers,

STUDIES IN MYXOPHYCEAE. I 129

Sonoma county, Gardner & L. Bonar 7519, Aug. 1933 (C, FM);

in warm water on a cement runway, Seigler hot springs, Napa county,

Gardner 7474, Aug. 1933 (C, FM).

DERMOCARPA Setchellii Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum violaceum,

tenue, late effusum, cellulis compactis, violaceis, inferne sphaericis

vel polyhedroideis, vulgo circa 3 n usque ad 6 M crassis, superiore

crassioribus atque ovoideis vel pyriformibus vel plus minusve

cylindraceis usque ad 15 M crassis et 25 n longis, protoplasmate

homogeneo, membrana cellulae tenui hyalina; cellulis grandis in

pluribus gonidiis dividentibus. — On rocks in warm fresh water.

The ovoid and pyriform upper cells in the stratum distinguish this

species easily from D. Gardneriana and from D. violacea Crouan.

It is named in honor of Professor William A. Setchell of the University

of California. Specimens seen, CALIFORNIA: Harlem hot springs,

San Bernardino county, Setchell 1560, Dec. 1896 (TYPE in Crypto-

gamic Herbarium of Field Museum; isotype, C).

DERMOCARPA Hollenbergii Drouet, sp. nov. Cellulae solitariae

vel aggregatae, epiphyticae, aerugineae vel violaceae, sphaericae vel

cum mutua pressione polyhedroideae, diametro vulgo 3 M ad 15 ju

(usque ad 20 /*) crassae, protoplasmate homogeneo vel sparse grosse-

granuloso, membrana cellulae tenui hyalina; cellulis grandis in

pluribus gonidiis dividentibus. — Epiphytic on filamentous algae in

fresh water. This species resembles most closely D. Schousboei

(Thur.) Born, of brackish and marine waters. It is named in honor

of Professor George J. Hollenberg of the University of Redlands.

One collection seen, CALIFORNIA: on Rhizoclonium in a small pond

at Old Woman springs, Mojave desert, Hollenberg 2084, May 1937

(TYPE in herb. F. Drouet).

DERMOCARPA Solheimii Drouet, sp. nov. Cellulae epiphyticae

aerugineae, solitariae vel aggregatae, sphaericae vel subcylindraceae

vel subpyriformes, diametro vulgo 2 ^ ad 4 n (usque ad 5 M) crassae,

ad 5 n longae, protoplasmate homogeneo, membrana cellulae tenui

indistincta hyalina; cellulis grandis in paucis gonidiis dividentibus.

—Epiphytic on larger algae and on roots of vascular plants in fresh

water. This species is rather similar to but smaller than the marine

D, Schousboei (Thur.) Born, and the freshwater D. Hollenbergii

Drouet. It is named in honor of Professor W. G. Solheim of the

University of Wyoming. Specimens seen, WYOMING: in stream in

an open meadow above University Camp, Medicine Bow national

forest, Solheim 53, June 1933 (TYPE in Cryptogamic Herbarium of

Field Museum), idem 108, July 1933 (FM).

130 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. 20

DERMOCARPA minuta Drouet, sp. nov. Cellulae epiphyticae

aerugineae solitariae vel aggregatae, sphaericae ad subcylindraceae

vel ovoidea, diametro 1 ^ ad 3 /* crassae, usque ad 4 /z longae, proto-

plasmate homogeneo, membrana cellulae indistincta hyalina.—

Epiphytic on filamentous algae in fresh water. This is the smallest

of the species of Dermocarpa; if the cells were not of so brilliant a

blue-green color they might well be interpreted as bacteria. D.

minuta is related morphologically to D. Solheimii described above

and D. Schousboei (Thur.) Born. Specimens seen, CALIFORNIA:

culture of algae from Tiburon, Marin county, N. L. Gardner 6916,

Oct. 1931 (TYPE in Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum;

isotype, C); in an aquarium, University of California, Berkeley,

Gardner 8012, Nov. 1936 (C, FM).

FREMYELLA striatula (Hy) Drouet, comb. nov. Microchaete

striatula Hy Journ. de Bot. 1: 193. 1887. Leptobasis striatula (Hy)

Elenk. Bull. Jard. Bot. Imp. Pierre le Grand 15: 21. 1915.— J. DeToni

in Noter. Nomencl. Algol. VIII (1936) proposed the generic name

Fremyella to supplant the preoccupied Microchaete Thur. ex Born.

& Flah.

FREMYELLA longifila (W. R. Tayl.) Drouet, comb. nov. Calo-

thrix longifila W. R. Tayl. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Papers Tortugas

Lab. 25: 51, pi. 2, f. 8. 1928.— The type of this species in herb.

Win. R. Taylor (FLORIDA: on Cladophora and Chaetomorpha at

moat, Garden key, Dry Tortugas, Taylor 134, June 1924) contains

filaments of a species more properly referred to as a member of the

genus Fremyella than one of Calothrix, as the author's description

and figure indicate.

PORPHYROSIPHON Velasquezii Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum aeru-

gineum vel fusco-viride, crustosum, late expansum, filis longis,

inferne tortuosis et compacte intertextis, superne in fascicules

breves coalitis; vaginis primum hyalinis demum pallide roseis et

fusco-rubris, tenuibus, inconspicue lamellosis, chlorozincico iodurato

caerulescentibus; trichomatibus aerugineis, 3 /* ad 5 n crassis, ad

genicula paullo constrictis, ad apices leviter attenuatis; articulis

diametro usque ad duplo longioribus, dissepimentis pellucidis non

granulatis, protoplasmate aerugineo tenui-granuloso ; cellula apicali

conica, membrana superna non incrassata. Fig. — 5. Forming crusts

on soil wet intermittently with fresh water. The trichomes are

smaller than those of P. fuscus Gom. and, unlike those of the latter

species, are constricted at the cross-walls. This species is named

in honor of Dr. Gregorio T. Velasquez of the University of the

STUDIES IN MYXOPHYCEAE. I 131

Philippines. Specimens seen, PHILIPPINES : side of the campus usually

wet with fresh water from the laboratory, Biological Station, Puerto

Galera, Mindoro, Velasquez 1077, May 1941 (TYPE in Cryptogamic

Herbarium of Field Museum) ; along the path at Dulangan, Puerto

Galera, Mindoro, Velasquez 1093, May 1941 (FM); along the side-

walk of Pennsylvania street, Ermite, Manila, Velasquez 98, Nov.

1939 (FM).

SCHIZOTHRIX rivularis (Wolle) Drouet, comb. nov. Lyngbya

Phormidium var. rivularis Wolle ex Forti Syll. Myxophyc. 304.

1907; Wolle Fresh Water Alg. U. S. 299, pi. cci, f. 21. 1887. Sym-

ploca Muscorum var. rivularis Tild. ex Forti loc. cit. 1907. Caespites

molles gelatinosae fasciculatae ad 10 cm. altae, superne aerugineae

vel violaceae, intus et inferne decoloratae, vaginis hyalinis, superne

tenuibus, inferne crassis, saepe omnino diffluentibus, chlorozincico

iodurato laete caerulescentibus; trichomatibus aerugineis vel roseis,

fragilibus, facile disintegrantibus, 5 ju ad 11 /x crassis, ad genicula

constrictis, ad apices attenuatis et conicis; articulis subquadratis,

plus minusve brevioribus vel longioribus, dissepimentis non granu-

latis, protoplasmate granules refringentes majores continent! ; cellula

apicali longe et obtuse conica. — On rocks, larger plants, and other

substrata in running fresh water. This is a very delicate species

of Gomont's section Inactis, related morphologically to S. tinctoria

Gom. and S. mexicana Gom. Unless fresh material is dried very

rapidly, the trichomes disintegrate and stain the mounting paper

violet. This fact led me to infer in Field Mus. Bot. Ser. 20: 54 (1939)

that Wolle's original specimens were impossible to identify with

known species of Myxophyceae. In many respects S. rivularis

reminds one of Phormidium tinctorium Gom., especially in plants

with the sheaths totally diffluent. The brilliantly blue color produced

in the sheath material during treatment with chlor-zinc-iodine is

very characteristic of Schizothrix rivularis but never seen in Phor-

midium tinctorium. Moreover, in the latter the apices of the tri-

chomes are short-conical; in the former they are long-attenuate and

very similar to those of Schizothrix purpurascens Gom. The speci-

mens distributed as Symploca Muscorum var. rivularis in Tild. Amer.

Alg. 67 are referred to below under Lyngbya Giuseppei. Specimens

of Schizothrix rivularis seen, QUEBEC: attached to water plants in

the St. Lawrence river, Longueuil near Montreal, J. Brunei 31,

Aug. 1930 (FM); Back river near Montreal, Brunei 57, Sept. 1930

(FM). PENNSYLVANIA: attached to stones in the Lehigh river,

F. Wolle, 1878 (TYPE in Herbarium of the University of Penn-

sylvania), idem July 1879 (F, N, P). VIRGINIA: attached to sub-

132 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. 20

merged debris in Wolf creek about 5 miles east of Rocky Gap,

Bland county, E. S. Luttrell & J. C. Strickland 1003, Aug. 1941

(FM). OHIO: wet rocks of waterfall, Burnet Woods lake, Cincinnati,

L. Lillick & Lee 260, Oct. 1933 (D). WISCONSIN: Plum creek, Sayner

fish hatchery, Vilas county, G. W. Prescott 3w33, Aug. 1938 (FM) ;

Barber lake, Chippewa drainage, Sawyer county, Prescott 3wl97,

Aug. 1938 (FM).

SCHIZOTHRIX roseola (Gardn.) Drouet, comb. nov. Symploca

roseola Gardn. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 7: 49. 1927. Leptothrix

symplocoides Dickie Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 15: 240. 1876 [not Schizo-

thrix symplocoides (Gardn.) Geitl. Rabenh. Krypt.-Fl. 14: 1078.

1932]. Schizothrix rosea Gardn. N. Y. Acad. Sci. Sci. Surv. Porto

Rico 8: 287. 1932 [not Gardn. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 7: 53 1927].

Stratum roseum vel fuscum, crustaceum, filis tenuibus, tortuosis,

flexilibus, superne in fasciculos erectes vel repentes coalitis, inferne

pseudoramosis; vaginis primum hyalinis et tenuibus demum roseis

vel fusco-rubris et crassioribus, erosis, chlorozincico iodurato caerules-

centibus; trichomatibus aerugineis, 1 n ad 2.5 M crassis, cylindraceis,

ad genicula passim leviter constrictis, ad apices non attenuatis;

cellulis subquadratis vel diametro longioribus, dissepimentis interdum

granulatis, protoplasmate praecipue homogeneo; cellula apicali

rotundata. — On rocks and soil periodically wet with fresh water.

This species belongs in Gomont's section Chromosiphon with other

species possessing red sheaths. Although in Amer. Journ. Bot. 25:

665 (1938) I cited Leptothrix symplocoides Dickie as a synonym of

Schizothrix lardacea Gom., further studies of the type material show

that the sheaths are red in older and exposed parts of the mass.

Gardner described similar material from Puerto Rico in 1927 under

the name Symploca roseola. Another specimen of the same thing

is cited by him as the type of Schizothrix rosea in his 1932 paper in

correcting an editorial error in his 1927 paper wherein the intended

description of S. rosea was omitted and that of his S. chalybea minor,

Sci. Surv. Porto Rico 8: 287 (1932) [which I interpret from the

original specimens as typical S. purpurascens var. cruenta Gom.]

was substituted in its place. S. rosea Gardn. as published in Mem.

N. Y. Bot. Gard. 7: 53 (1927) must be regarded (even in the most

liberal and sympathetic interpretation) strictly as having priority

over S. chalybea minor Gardn. and as constituting an earlier homonym

of S. rosea Gardn., Sci. Surv. Porto Rico 8: 287 (1932). Geitler in

Rabenh. Krypt.-Fl. 14: 1101 (1932) has written a description for

S. rosea Gardn. which applies to neither of the type specimens

referred to by Gardner. Specimens seen, FLORIDA: on moist sand,

STUDIES IN MYXOPHYCEAE. I 133

region of Hendry creek about 10 miles south of Fort Myers, Lee

county, P. C. Standley 73463, Mar. 1940 (FM). ALABAMA: Auburn,

Lee county, C. L. Pollard & W. R. Maxon 64, July 1900 (FM, U).

WYOMING: hot lake deposit, Fountain geyser basin, Yellowstone

National Park, W. A. Setchell, 1898 (C, FM). PUERTO RICO: 10 km.

north of Utuado, N. Willie 1032b (isotype of Symploca roseola

Gardn., C); Mayaguez, Wille 880c (isotype of S. rosea Gardn. 1932,

C, FM). GUATEMALA: on muddy bank near Puerto Barrios, Dept.

Izabal, Standley 72569a, Apr.-May 1939 (FM). NETHERLANDS

EAST INDIES: fumarole of volcano, Gunong Api, Banda islands,

H. N. Moseley, Challenger Expedition (TYPE of Leptothrix symplo-

coides Dickie in British Museum (Natural History)).

SCHIZOTHRIX Giuseppe! Drouet, nom. nov. Microcoleus sociatus

var. minor Gardn. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 7: 57, pi. 11, f. 6. 1927

[not Gardn. ibid. 7: 54. 1927]. Stratum aerugineum vel nigro-

aerugineum, crustaceum, filis longis fasciculatim ramificantibus,

inferne intertextis, superne in fascicules erectos repentesve saepe

tortos coalitis; vaginis primum hyalinis demum interne pallide

caeruleis -vel chalybeis, latis, lamellosis, ambitu erosis, chlorozincico

iodurato laete caerulescentibus; trichomatibus aerugineis vel luteolo-

aerugineis, longis, rectis, fragilibus, 2 /LI ad 4 ju crassis, ad genicula

non constrictis, ad apices abrupte attenuatis et acuminatis, articulis

diametro usque ad 3-plo longioribus, dissepimentis haud granulatis,

protoplasmate non aut vix granuloso, celluia apicali longe et plus

minusve acute conica. — On soil and rocks wet intermittently with

fresh water. This species belongs with other blue-sheathed species

of Gomont's Section Chromosiphon. The new name, in honor of

Dr. Giuseppe DeToni of Brescia, is proposed to replace the second

of the two Microcoleus sociatus vars. minor published by Gardner

in the same paper. It is true that five years later Gardner in Sci.

Surv. Porto Rico 8: 286 (1932) recorded the trinomial Schizothrix

thelephoroides minor to supplant the Microcoleus sociatus var. minor

of Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 7: 54 (the type material of which proves

to be the very usual and typical Schizothrix thelephoroides Gom.),

but he did not indicate its subspecific status. It is hoped that the

new name, S. Giuseppei, will obviate the confusion and ambiguity

of this peculiar situation. Specimens seen, PUERTO RICO: on lime-

stone, Arecibo to Hatillo, N. Wille 1392a, Feb. 1915 (isotypes, C,

FM). SONORA: on a gravel bank at foot of Sierra de Calera

south of Villa de Sens, Drouet & D. Richards 2937, Nov. 1939

(FM).

134 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. 20

HYDROCOLEUM confluens (Setch. & Gardn.) Drouet, comb. nov.

Microcoleus confluens Setch. & Gardn. Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 6:

471, pi. 40. f. 25. 1918. — This species is undoubtedly a Hydrocoleum,

with trichomes reminiscent of those of H. lyngbyaceum Gom. Speci-

mens seen, CALIFORNIA: on rocks, Lands End, San Francisco, N. L.

Gardner 1641, Jan. 1906 (TYPE in Herbarium of the University of

California; isotype, FM), idem 3694, Mar. 1917 (C, FM); on boards

at high tide mark, Presidio, San Francisco, Gardner 4481 , Nov. 1919

(C, FM).

PLECTONEMA Cloverianum Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum expansum

ad dua millimetra crassum gelatinosum pannosum laete aerugineum,

filis flexilibus, elongatis, compacte intertextis vel superne parallels,

in spiras laxas regulares contortis, haud raro irregulariter tortilibus

interdum rectis, inferne sparse pseudo-ramosis; vaginis cylindraceis

firmis, primum arctis et laevibus, aetate provecta crassioribus,

chlorozincico iodurato laete caerulescentibus; trichomatibus circa

2 (JL crassis, ad genicula constrictis (in speciminibus in formalina con-

servatis), ad apices quasi-capitatis non attenuatis; articulis diametro

trichomatis usque ad quadruple longioribus, ad apices brevioribus,

dissepimentis binis granulis crassis vulgo notatis, protoplasmate

passim granuloso; cellula apicali obovoidea, membrana superna non

incrassata. Fig. 3. — On wet rocks and cliffs. The species is perhaps

most closely related to P. Nostocorum Gom., but the trichomes are

more robust and the filaments are characterized by the coiled habit

noted above. P. Cloverianum is named in honor of Professor Elzada

U. Clover of the University of Michigan. Specimens seen, COLORADO :

on sandstone cliff near Dolores river, Montezuma county, G. Pir-

anian, July 1935 (FM). UTAH: on limestone ledge on the south

wall of the main canyon above Dark canyon rapids, Colorado river,

San Juan county, Clover & L. Jotter 35 (FM), 36 (TYPE in Herbarium

of the University of Michigan; isotype, FM), July 1938.

LYNGBYA Chungii Drouet, sp. nov. Caespites violaceae usque

ad 4 centimetra longae, lubricae, filis rectis saepe flexuosis, fragilibus;

vaginis arctis, tenuibus, hyalinis, chlorozincico iodurato non aut

vix caerulescentibus; trichomatibus pallide violaceis, 4 \i ad 6 \L

crassis, ad genicula non aut passim leviter constrictis, ad apices

non attenuatis; articulis subquadratis vel diametro usque duplo

longioribus, dissepimentis non granulatis, protoplasmate non granu-

loso, cellula apicali rotundata, membrana superna leviter incrassata.

— On rocks in marine waters. This new species is very similar to

the epiphytic L. gracilis Gom., but the cells are much longer than

STUDIES IN MYXOPHYCEAE. I 135

those of the latter species. It is named in honor of Professor H. H.

Chung. Specimens seen, CHINA: on rock, seashore, Kulangsu,

Amoy, Fukien province, Chung A624, July 1926 (TYPE in Herbarium

of the University of California; isotype, FM), Chung A594, June

1926 (C).

LYNGBYA Giuseppei Drouet, sp. nov. Caespites ad tria centi-

metra altae, molles, aerugineae vel roseae, filis longis flexilibus;

vaginis hyalinis papyraceis haud lamellosis, chlorozincico iodurato

laete caerulescentibus; trichomatibus aerugineis vel pallide roseis,

ad genicula leviter constrictis, ad apices non attenuatis, 5 /x ad 10 n

crassis; articulis curtis diametro 3-6-plo brevioribus, dissepimentis

passim granulatis, protoplasmate tenui-granuloso ; cellula apicali

rotundata, membrana superna non aut vix incrassata. Fig. 8.—

In fresh water. This species is somewhat similar to L. putealis

Gom., but with shorter cells and less constricted trichomes. It is

named in honor of Professor Giuseppe DeToni of Brescia. Specimens

seen, NEW YORK: on brick and plaster sides of spring, Lebanon Springs,

Columbia county, A. K. Harrison, Jan. 1895 (TYPE in herb. F.

Drouet; isotype, F). MINNESOTA: attached to stones in aquaria in

the zoological laboratory, Minneapolis, J. E. Tilden, Nov. 1894

(as Symploca Muscorum var. rivularis in Tild. Amer. Alg.

67, FM).

LYNGBYA Patrickiana Drouet, sp. nov. Caespites aerugineae

ad 5 cm. altae molles, filis longis rectis fragilibus; vaginis primum

membranaceis demum crassioribus et lamellosis, chlorozincico

iodurato laete caerulescentibus; trichomatibus aerugineis cylindraceis,

5 M ad 10 n crassis, ad genicula haud constrictis, ad apices non at-

tenuatis; articulis diametro 3-6-plo brevioribus, dissepimentis con-

spicuis, non aut subtiliter granulatis, protoplasmate tenui-granuloso;

cellula apicali rotundata, membrana superna non aut vix incrassata.

Fig. 10. — On rocks and wood in fresh water. This species is similar

in general appearance to L. Giuseppei described above, but the

sheaths are more robust, the trichomes never constricted, and the

cross-walls not granulated. L. Patrickiana is named in honor of Dr.

Ruth Patrick of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia.

Specimens seen; FLORIDA: about 10 miles from Hollywood on high-

way F149, Broward county, Patrick, 1939 (TYPE in Cryptogamic

Herbarium of Field Museum); freshwater pool, region of Hendry

creek about 10 miles south of Fort Myers, Lee county, P. C. Standley

73246, Mar. 1940 (FM). CEARA: on rocks in Rio Maceio near

Mucuripe, Fortaleza, S. Wright 2061, Mar. 1937 (D).

136 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. 20

LYNGBYA guaymensis Drouet, sp. nov. Fila inter alias algas

subsalsas crescentia, longa, tortilia, plus minusve rigida, aeruginea,

vaginis hyalinis, primum tenuibus demum crassioribus, ambitu

saepe erosis, chlorozincico iodurato non caerulescentibus; tricho-

matibus aerugineis, 2 /j. ad 4 /JL crassis, ad genicula evidenter con-

strictis, ad apices non attenuatis; articulis diametro vulgo brevioribus

raro subquadratis, dissepimentis non granulatis, protoplasmate baud

granuloso; cellula apicali rotundata, membrana externa non in-

crassata. Fig. 9. — Growing in muck in brackish pools along the sea-

shore. But for the rigid habit, the distinctly constricted trichomes,

the reaction of the sheath to chlor-zinc-iodine, and the lack of granules

at the cross-walls, this species is reminiscent of the freshwater

L. versicolor Gom., to which it seems most closely related. The

filaments are also somewhat similar to those of the epiphytic marine

L. Simmonsiae (Coll.) Drouet and the marine Plectonema Battersii

Gom. Specimens seen, SONORA: in the margin of a brackish pond,

cove north of Cabo Arco, Guaymas, Drouet & D. Richards 8344,

Dec. 1939 (TYPE in Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum),

idem 3388, 3339, 3341 (FM); in shallow brackish water of a sand

pit on beach 4 km. east of Guaymas, Drouet & Richards 3295, 3296,

Dec. 1939 (FM). GUATEMALA: salt flat near San Jose", Dept. Escu-

intla, P. C. Standley 63979, Jan. 1939 (FM).

PHORMIDIUM minnesotense (Tild.) Drouet, comb. nov. Oscilla-

toria minnesotensis Tild. Amer. Alg. 6: 596. 1902. Stratum pulchre

aerugineum tenue gelatinosum, vaginis diffluentibus hyalinis, chloro-

zincico iodurato haud caerulescentibus; trichomatibus aerugineis

rigidis fragilibus rectis, compacte et paralleliter consociatis, 2 /z

ad 3 M crassis, ad genicula constrictis, ad apices non attenuatis;

articulis subquadratis usque ad duplo brevioribus, dissepimentis

non granulatis, protoplasmate homogeneo; cellula apicali rotundata,

membrana superna non incrassata. — In shallow fresh water and on

soil almost constantly wet with fresh water. The species belongs

with other torulose members of the genus, perhaps next to P. persi-

cinum Gom. Miss Tilden states that she described this as a species

of Oscillatoria because the trichomes in the fresh material were

oscillating rapidly; she here ascribes a property common to all

species of the Oscillatoriaceae to those of a single genus. Specimens

seen, TENNESSEE: greenhouse soil, Centennial park, Nashville,

H. C. Bold 164, Oct. 1938 (FM). INDIANA: old bed of Whitewater

river, Richmond, L. J. King 81, Sept. 1940 (FM). ILLINOIS: road-

side ditch near Calumet lake, Chicago, King & J. 0. Young, July

STUDIES IN MYXOPHYCEAE. I 137

1941 (FM). MINNESOTA: on sides of a stone quarry under dripping

water near university campus, Minneapolis, G. Lilley, Feb. 1902

(isotype in Tild. Amer. Alg. 596, FM). MISSOURI: margin of Goose

lake 4 miles south of Clinton, Henry county, C. Shoop & J. A.

Steyermark 201, Sept. 1938 (FM). NEBRASKA: emergent wet soil

of pool, Lincoln, W. Kiener 10174, June 1941 (FM).

PHORMIDIUM Groesbeckianum Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum

aerugineum tenue, saepe inter alias myxophyceas thermales cres-

cens, vaginis hyalinis omnino diffluentibus, chlorozincico iodurato

caerulescentibus; trichomatibus pallide aerugineis, rectis paralleliter

consociatis, fragilibus, torulosis (aspectu trichomatum nostocace-

orum), ad apices non attenuatis; articulis subsphaericis vel subdolii-

formibus, diametro 2 // ad 3 ju crassis, plus minusve subquadratis,

dissepimentis non granulatis, protoplasmate baud granuloso; cellula

apicali rotundata, membrana superna non incrassata. Fig. 7.—

Forming gelatinous strata with other algae (often with P. laminosum

Gom.) submerged and subaerial in hot springs. I have seen stray

trichomes of this alga in collections from many hot springs in western

North America, but the collection noted here is the only one in which

the mass is sufficiently developed for description. The species is

named in honor of M. J. Groesbeck, M. D., of Porterville, California.

One specimen, NEVADA: in a hot spring (temperature 110° F),

Steamboat and Reno hot springs, Washoe county, Groesbeck 195a,

Sept. 1940 (TYPE in Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum).

PHORMIDIUM Steyermarkii Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum gela-

tinosum laete aerugineum, saepe pulvinatum et calcareum, intus

decoloratum, vaginis hyalinis omnino diffluentibus, chlorozincico

iodurato non aut vix caerulescentibus; trichomatibus aerugineis

rectis fragilibus paralleliter coalitis, 3 M ad 4 ju crassis, ad genicula

evidenter constrictis, ad apices non attenuatis; articulis doliiformibus

vel fere cylindraceis, subquadratis vel diametro usque ad IJ^-plo

longioribus, dissepimentis non granulatis, protoplasmate haud

granuloso; cellula apicali rotundata, membrana superna non in-

crassata. Fig. 11. — In the waters of hot springs. Morphologically,

both P. Steyermarkii and the preceding P. Groesbeckianum are

related to P. foveolarum Gom. The habit of this species is reminiscent

of that of the anabaenoid state of Hapalosiphon laminosus Born.

& Flah., but the trichomes appear to exist invariably as described

above and to exhibit no transitional stages into typical H. laminosus.

Phormidium Steyermarkii is named in honor of Dr. Julian A. Steyer-

mark of Field Museum of Natural History. Specimens seen, GUATE-

138 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY — BOTANY, VOL. 20

MALA: Agua Caliente springs between La Fragua and Rio Motagua,

Dept. Zacapa, Steyermark 29211, Oct. 1939 (TYPE in Cryptogamic

Herbarium of Field Museum); in a hot spring and in pools of hot

water, Laguna, Lake Amatitlan, S. E. Meek 59, 72, Jan. 1906 (FM).

PHORMIDIUM californicum Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum laete- vel

atro-aerugineum, gelatinosum, late expansum, vaginis hyalinis, saepe

plus minusve distinctis demum omnino diffluentibus, chlorozincico

iodurato non caerulescentibus; trichomatibus aerugineis, dense et

paralleliter consociatis, 3 p. ad 4 /* crassis, ad genicula constrictis,

ad apices attenuatis et subacuminatis; articulis subcylindraceis vel

subdoliiformibus, subquadratis vel diametro usque ad duplo longi-

oribus, dissepimentis non granulatis, protoplasmate granuloso;

cellula apicali conica, subacuta vel quasi-truncata. Fig. 12. — On

woodwork, soil and other objects continuously wet with fresh water.

The material placed here is very similar to that described elsewhere

in this volume as P. Weissii Drouet, from brackish water along

western Atlantic shores. The habitat, the general appearance of

the stratum, the habit of the trichomes, and the reaction of the

sheath-material with chlor-zinc-iodine are so different from those

of P. Weissii, however, as to merit description as a new species.

Specimens seen, CALIFORNIA: on a wooden bench in the conservatory,

Golden Gate park, San Francisco, Gardner 7766, July 1935 (TYPE in

Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum; isotype, C), idem 6715,

July 1931 (C, FM), idem 7254, 7254a, Apr. 1933 (C, FM), idem

culture from the above, 7436, Aug. 1933 (C, FM); on boards, Plath's

greenhouse, San Francisco, V. Duran 6588, Jan. 1931 (C, FM).

SONORA: in shallow water in an adobe pit 4 km. southwest of Villa

de Seris, Drouet, D. Richards, & L. D. Alvarado 2848, Nov. 1939

(FM).

PHORMIDIUM thermale Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum gelatinosum

late expansum laete aerugineum, vaginis hyalinis diffluentibus plus

minusve fibrosis, chlorozincico iodurato non caerulescentibus; tri-

chomatibus aerugineis rectis parallelis fragilibus, 2 ^ ad 5 n crassis,

torulosis, ad apices abrupte acuminatis; articulis doliiformibus vel

subcylindraceis, subquadratis vel diametro usque ad duplo longi-

oribus, protoplasmate homogeneo; cellula apicali ad basem rotundata,

superne abrupte et saepe oblique acutissima. Fig. 13. — In warm

water of hot springs. Except for the peculiar apical cells the tri-

chomes are very similar to those of the anabaenoid growth-form of

Hapalosiphon laminosus. Phormidium thermale is placed in the

vicinity of P. Weissii Drouet and P. californicum Drouet, from

STUDIES IN MYXOPHYCEAE. I 139

which it differs conspicuously in size of trichome and in configura-

tion of the apical cell. Specimens seen, CALIFORNIA: Seigler hot

springs, Lake county, N. L. Gardner 7463, Aug. 1933 (TYPE in

Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum; isotype, C); in warm

pools, the Geysers, Sonoma county, Gardner 7509, Aug. 1933 (C,

FM), idem Gardner & L. Bonar 7529, Aug. 1933 (C, FM, and dis-

tributed as Hapalosiphon laminosus), idem Gardner & V. Duran

7704, Apr. 1934 (C, FM, and distributed as H. laminosus).

PHORMIDIUM Hancockii (Drouet) Drouet, comb. nov. Schizo-

thrix Hancockii Drouet Hancock Pacific Exped. 3 (2): 22, fig. 15.

1936. S. Hancockii f. submersa Drouet ibid. 3 (2): 23. 1936.—

Further studies of the original material of this species shows that

the structure of the sheath and of the stratum is that of a Phormidium

rather than of a Schizothrix. Phormidium Hancockii is placed near

P. papyraceum Gom.

PHORMIDIUM Richardsii Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum pannosum,

fuscum vel roseum vel aerugineum, tenue, fragile, vaginis tenuibus

saepe omnino diffluentibus, hyalinis, chlorozincico iodurato haud

caerulescentibus; trichomatibus aerugineis 3 M ad 7 M crassis, longis

parallelis flexilibus, ad genicula interdum leviter constrictis, ad

apices longe attenuatis et acutis; articulis brevibus, diametro 6-plo

brevioribus usque ad subquadratis, dissepimentis granulatis, proto-

plasmate tenui-granuloso vel homogeneo; cellula apicali longe et

plus minusve acute (haud raro acutissime) conica, nonnumquam

curvata. Fig. 15. — On barren soil intermittently wet with fresh

water. The trichomes are reminiscent of those of Oscillatoria brevis

Gom.; specimens are easily confused with juvenile masses of Micro-

coleus vaginatus Gom, and M. lacustris Gom. found in recently

denuded ground, the filaments of which contain only one trichome

within a sheath. This new species is named in honor of Mr. Donald

Richards of the University of Chicago. Specimens seen, MONTANA:

roadside pit 24 miles north of Millegan, Cascade county, F. H. Rose

4160, May 1941 (FM). NEW MEXICO: on drying mud flats in the

city park, Hot Springs, Sierra county, Drouet & Richards 2702,

Oct. 1939 (TYPE in Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum),

idem 2704, 2708, 2705 (FM); on denuded ground near the Rio

Grande bridge, Hot Springs, Sierra county, Drouet & Richards 2707,

Oct. (FM).

PHORMIDIUM Standleyi Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum late expansum

pulvinatum gelatinosum, atroviolaceum vel aerugineum, ad dua

centimetra altum, vaginis hyalinis tenuibus demum omnino diffluen-

140 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY— BOTANY, VOL. 20

tibus, chlorozincico iodurato non caerulescentibus; trichomatibus

aerugineis vel violaceis, 5 n ad 7 /x crassis, ad genicula baud con-

strictis, ad apices non attenuatis; cellulis diametro 6-3-plo bre-

vioribus, dissepimentis granulatis, protoplasmate granuloso; cellula

apicali depresso-rotundata, membranam plus minusve incrassatam

praebenti. Fig. 14. — Growing in thick mats in warm water of hot

springs. This species is most nearly related morphologically to

P. ambiguum Gom. It is named in honor of Mr. Paul C. Standley

of Field Museum of Natural History. One collection seen, GUATE-

MALA: in warm water of hot spring, Banos de San Lorenzo near

Tejar, Dept. Sacatepe"quez, Standley 59840, Dec. 1938 (TYPE in

Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum).

PHORMIDIUM hydrocoleoides Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum aeru-

gineum, tenue, vaginis hyalinis diffluentibus, chlorozincico iodurato

aegre caerulescentibus; trichomatibus laete aerugineis, rectis, fragi-

libus, 5 n ad 8 /x crassis, ad genicula leviter constrictis, ad apices

attenuatis et capitatis; articulis diametro 2-5-plo brevioribus,

dissepimentis granulatis, protoplasmate tenui-granuloso, cellula

apicali capitata, calyptram depresso-hemisphaericam praebenti.

Fig. 18. — On mud in brackish or almost salt water. The trichomes

are somewhat reminiscent of those of Hydrocoleum lyngbyaceum

Gom., but smaller and very different in color and granulation. The

species is to be placed near the freshwater Phormidium lucidum

Gom. One specimen, SONORA: on tidal flat along Rio Mayo on north

side of Yavaros, southwest of Huatabampo, Drouet & D. Richards

3220, Dec. 1939 (TYPE in Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum).

PHORMIDIUM Gardnerianum Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum laete

aerugineum, tenue, fragile, vaginis diffluentibus, hyalinis, chloro-

zincico iodurato haud caerulescentibus; trichomatibus longis, flexi-

libus, 4 M ad 6 M crassis, ad genicula constrictis, ad apices longe

attenuatis et capitatis, apicibus uncinatis; articulis subquadratis

vel diametro usque ad duplo brevioribus, dissepimentis parce granu-

latis, protoplasmate pallide aerugineo, tenui-granuloso, cellula apicali

capitata, membranam incrassatam rotundatam aut depresso-conicam

praebenti. Fig. 17. — In marine waters. This species, except for

the constricted trichomes, closely resembles the freshwater P. un-

cinatum Gom. It is named in honor of the late Professor Nathaniel

Lyon Gardner of the University of California. One collection, CALI-

FORNIA: in a jar of sea water, University of California, Berkeley,

Gardner 2179, 1910 (TYPE in Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field

Museum; isotype, C).

STUDIES IN MYXOPHYCEAE. I 141

OSCILLATORIA sonorensis Drouet, sp. nov. Stratum tenue,

fragile, laete aerugineum, trichomatibus longis, rectis, 3 n ad 5 M

crassis, aerugineis, ad genicula vix constrictis, ad apices abrupte

attenuatis et curvatis; articulis quadratis vel diametro usque ad

duplo longioribus, dissepimentis conspicuis baud granulatis, proto-

plasmate homogeneo, cellula apicali longe conica, acuta, curvata.

Fig. 16.— In marine or almost marine water. This species is rather

similar to the thermal 0. acuminata Gom., but differs markedly in

the type of granulation of the protoplasm and in its less attenuate

and acuminate apices of the trichomes. One collection, SONORA:

in a tide pool on muddy shore of bay near the refrigerating plant,

Empalme, Drouet & D. Richards 3419, Dec. 1939 (TYPE in Crypto-

gamic Herbarium of Field Museum).

ARTHROSPIRA Khannae Drouet & J. C. Strickland, sp. nov.

Trichomata planctonica in flore-aquae crescentia, aeruginea, in

spiram laxam amplissimam diametro circa 20 /x contorta, ad genicula

haud constricta, ad apices leviter attenuata et subcapitata, 3 ^ ad

5 n crassa; anfractubus circa 20 /z inter se distantibus; articulis

brevibus, diametro 3-plo brevioribus usque ad subquadratis, dis-

sepimentis granulatis, protoplasmate pseudovacuolas grandes con-

tinenti. Fig. 6. — Planktonic in bodies of fresh water. This species

is similar in many respects to A. platensis Gom. but conspicuously

smaller in size. It is named in honor of Professor L. P. Khanna of

University College, Rangoon. Specimens seen, BURMA: pond near

the zoological garden, Rangoon, Khanna 698, Apr. 1937 (TYPE in

Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field Museum), idem 697 (FM); Agri-

cultural Gardens, Rangoon, Khanna 714, May 1937 (FM).

SPIRULINA Weissii Drouet, sp. nov. Trichomata 3 M ad 4 /x

crassa, inter alias algas plus minusve paralleliter agglomerata, fragilis,

recta vel irregulariter curvata, in spiram regularem densam diametro

10 /z ad 12 M contorta; anfractubus contiguis vel subcontiguis;

protoplasmate grosse-granuloso. Fig. 19. — In brackish water. The

spiral habit of this species is similar to that of S. subsalsa Gom.,

but the trichomes are much larger than those of the latter. It is

named in honor of Mr. Philip Weiss Wolle of Princess Anne, Mary-

land. One collection, MARYLAND: in shallow pools of brackish

water, Jericho marshes west of Fairmount, Somerset county, Drouet

6 Wolle 3650, July 1940 (TYPE in Cryptogamic Herbarium of Field

Museum).

$\

Plate I. Fig. 1. Chroococcus sonorensis. Fig. 2. C. Prescottii,

two plants and several cells in division. Fig. 3. Plectonema Clover-

ianum. Fig. 4. Aphanocapsa Farlowiana, habit of plants above

and arrangement of cells below. Fig. 5. Porphyrosiphon Velas-

quezii, details of filament and trichomes, the apices in various

stages of growth. Fig. 6. Arthrospira, Khannae. All drawn from

type material by Raymond Taran except for the smaller plant of

Fig. 2, which was made by William A. and Fay K. Daily.

R

H

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H

r

•

•

• ..

"

K'H

• -

• •-:.

:• • I

, |

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1

Plate II. Fig. 7. Phormidium Groesbeckianum, two trichomes.

Fig. 8. Lyngbya Giuseppei. Fig. 9. L. guaymensis. Fig. 10.

L. Patrickiana. Fig. 11. Phormidium Steyermarkii. Fig. 12. P.

californicum, five trichomes. Fig. 13. P. thermale, three trichomes.

All drawn from type material by Raymond Taran.

*RM*4**ra :'

Plate III. Fig. 14. Phormidium Standleyi, two trichomes.

Fig. 15. P. Richardsii, two filaments. Fig. 16. Oscillatoria sono-

rensis, two trichomes. Fig. 17. Phormidium Gardnerianum, three

trichomes. Fig. 18. P. hydrocoleoides, three trichomes. Fig. 19.

Spirulina Weissii. All drawn from type material by Raymond Taran.

UNIVERSITY OF ILUNplS-URBANA

30112041653723