XI B RARY

OF THE

UNIVERSITY

Of ILLINOIS

5 SO. 5

FB

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS— XI

BY

PAUL C. STANDLEY

CURATOR OF THE HERBARIUM, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY

THE LIBRARY OF THE

SEP 18 1940

UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS

BOTANICAL SERIES

FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

VOLUME 22, NUMBER 3

SEPTEMBER 10, 1940

PUBLICATION 478

PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

BY FIELD MUSEUM PRESS

IB

STUDIES OF AMERICAN PLANTS— XI

Paul C. Standlev

Perhaps the most important of the plants discussed on the

a! following pages are new species obtained by Dr. Julian A. Steyer-

£jmark, Assistant Curator of the Herbarium of Field Museum, during

g=the Stanley Field Expedition of 1939-40 to Guatemala. This

co expedition, designed to obtain material for the Flora of Guatemala,

Onow in course of preparation by Dr. Steyermark and the writer,

Swas exceptionally successful in discovering plants new to the Guate-

^malan flora, including numerous new species. Those described here

<m are only a few of the most striking and easily recognized ones, from

o a small portion of the total collection.

Another series that has yielded a surprising number of new

plants is one made during the early months of 1940 by Mr. and Mrs.

R. A. Terry in the Province of Dari£n, Panama. That portion

of Panama is almost unknown botanically, and it is therefore not

^' surprising that the Terry collection contains numerous new species,

besides genera and other species new to the North American flora.

About half of the paper consists of descriptions of new Rubiaceae

j or of notes upon species previously published. Large quantities of

material of this family have been received for critical determination,

and it has seemed preferable to publish without further delay reports

O upon some of the more interesting elements of these collections.

There are included in the present paper descriptions of several

| new species detected by Dr. Steyermark, and included here at his

suggestion.

DIOSCOREACEAE

n Dioscorea Aguilarii Standi. & Steyerm., sp. nov. — Herbacea

>> volubilis, caulibus elongatis gracillimis glabris vel breviter patulo-

pilosis; folia modica longipetiolata membranacea, petiolo gracili

• 2-3.5 cm. longo breviter patule piloso; lamina hastato-lobata 4.5-

o 8.5 cm. longa basi 2.5 cm. lata, supra glabra, subtus densiuscule

, pilis albis patulis hirsuta, lobo medio anguste lanceolato-oblongo

^ basi 1.4-2.2 cm. lato longe angusteque attenuato trinervio, lobis

6 posticis usque 2 cm. altis rectangule divergentis subquadratis, angulis

rotundatis, lateribus exterioribus subtruncatis vel late concavis,

binerviis; spicae masculae elongatae gracillimae tortuosae geminatae

*" 133

0

134 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

longipedunculatae, parte florifera 2-5 cm. longa, rhachi patule pilosa,

floribus in spiculas pluri- vel multifloras sessiles usque 7 mm. longas

densas aggregates; perianthii segmenta vix 1 mm. longa ovalia

obtusa glabra; stamina 6, filamentis brevissimis. — Guatemala: Dept.

Guatemala, in 1939, Ignacio Aguilar 90 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

The foliage is distinctive because of the hastate and copiously

pubescent blades. The basal lobes are almost square in general

outline, but on the outer side, between the rounded corners, they

are somewhat concave.

Dioscorea Vargasii Standi., sp. nov. — Herba gracillima volu-

bilis, caule viridi glabro valde elongato, internodiis solemniter

elongatis; folia alterna parva petiolata membranacea, petiolo gracili

8-12 mm. longo glabro vel sparse papilloso-scabro; lamina lanceolato-

oblongo-cordata 4-6.5 cm. longa 1.2-1.8 cm. lata apicem acutum

vel subulato-acutum versus paullo angustata, basi profunde (usque

1.5 cm.) cordata, sinu angusto saepe clauso, lobis posticis retrorsis

vel paullo introrsis rotundatis, e basi 7-nervia, supra viridis glabra,

subtus paullo pallidior ad nervos sparse papilloso-scabra, aliter

glabra, nervis prominentibus apicem attingentibus vel exterioribus

in marginem desinentibus; flores parvi virides racemosi, racemis laxe

paucifloris graciliter breviterque pedunculatis, pedunculo incluso

2-3 cm. longis fere 1 cm. latis glabris, pedicellis filiformibus 2.5-4

mm. longis, bracteis parvis hyalinis vel viridescentibus; perianthium

2 mm. longum vel paullo ultra, segmentis oblongis obtusis patulis;

stamina 3, filamentis brevissimis. — Peru: Hacienda Urco, Prov.

Calca, Dept. Cuzco, alt. 2,960 meters, January, 1938, Cesar Vargas C.

691 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

The species is notable for the small and unusually narrow leaves,

very deeply and narrowly cordate at the base. It is a pleasure to

name it for Dr. Vargas, who has collected an extensive series of

handsomely prepared specimens in various parts of Peru, but

particularly in the Department of Cuzco.

MARANTACEAE

Calathea macrochlamys Woodson & Standi., sp. nov. — Herba

elata ca. metralis ut videtur simplex, caule 1-foliato tereti 7-15 cm.

crasso sparse pilis albidis laxis brevibus subadpressis piloso, ad

nodum apicalem dense sericeo; folium caulem terminans magnum

longipetiolatum papyraceum, petiolo 28-38 cm. longo sparse laxeque

subadpresso-piloso vel fere glabro 8.5-11 cm. longe vaginato, vagina

basi ca. 2 cm. lata sursum sensim attenuata, ligula brevissima,

Studies of American Plants— XI 135

petiolo 5-6 cm. infra basin laminae geniculate, nodo tereti laevi

lucido aliquanto indurato petiolo vix crassiore; lamina ovalis vel

late oblonga in sicco pallide viridis ca. 50 cm. longa et 18-20 cm.

lata vel major, apice rotundata et breviter acuminato-apicata, basi

subrotundata et subito contracta, fere concolor, glabra vel glabrata,

costa gracili subtus elevata, nervis tenerrimis numerosissimis subtus

prominulis leviter arcuatis; inflorescentia terminalis e basi petioli

nascens basi bracteata breviter pedunculata vel subsessilis, primo

5-6 cm. longa et 3-4 cm. lata, post anthesin recurvata et elongata,

dense pauciramosa et subpaniculata; bractea basalis lanceolato-

oblonga 5.5-11 cm. longa longiattenuata inflorescentiae adpressa,

bracteis interioribus numerosis oblongis vel ovato-oblongis 12-20

mm. longis in sicco stramineis striatis sparse sericeo-pilosis vel fere

glabris, floribus breviter pedicellatis; sepala subaequalia latiuscule

ovato-oblonga obtusa vel acutiuscula ca. 11 mm. longa et 3.5 mm.

lata, basi infima tan turn coalita, basi minute puberula, aliter glabra;

ovarium suboblongum 2 mm. longum glabrum 3-loculare; petala 3;

staminodia nulla(?). — Mexico: Tenosique, Tabasco, June 14-16,

1939, E. Matuda 3399 (type in Herb. Field Mus.; duplicate in

Herb. Mo. Bot. Gard.). Uvero, Oaxaca, 30-90 meters, common

along roadsides in cut-over forest land, May, 1937, Llewelyn Williams

9324 (Herb. Field Mus.).

The vernacular name is reported by Williams as Pozolillo. In

gross appearance the present plant is very unlike any of the numerous

species of Calathea that form so prominent a part of the vegetation

in the humid lowlands of southern Mexico and Central America.

All of them have a simple inflorescence subtended by imbricate and

usually very broad bracts, while in C. macrochlamys the inflorescence

is lobate and branched, and all the bracts are comparatively narrow,

not closely imbricate. The Mexican plant is closely related to

C. lateralis (R. & P.) Lindl., of Peru and Colombia, represented in

the Herbarium of Field Museum by a photograph of the Ruiz and

Pavon type, from Cochero, Peru, and by Lehmann 5297 from the

Andes of Popayan, Colombia. The differences observable between

the South American and Mexican plants, while individually not

conspicuous, when considered together are so numerous that it

seems certain that the northern plant is specifically distinct.

PIPERACEAE

Piper canaense Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex 1-1.5 m. altus,

ramulis ca. 4 mm. crassis striatis glabris nodosis, internodiis superi-

oribus elongatis; folia magna breviter petiolata in sicco papyracea,

136 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

petiolo crasso 15-20+5 mm. longo glabro; lamina lanceolato-oblonga

23-32 cm. longa 8-12.5 cm. lata longiuscule attenuato-acuminata,

bas valde inaequilatera uno latere rotundata, altero subcordata,

glabra, supra in sicco fusca sublucida, costa nervisque manifestis

sed fere planis, venis prominulis laxe reticularis, subtus pallidior

ubique nigro-punctata aliquanto lucida, costa gracili prominente

striata, nervis lateralibus uno latere 5, altero 4, valde obliquis teneris

angulo angusto adscendentibus arcuato-junctis, venis prominulis

laxe reticulars ; spicae graciles solitariae graciliter ca. 2 cm. longe

pedunculatae in statu fructifero 12-13 cm. longae 4-6 mm. crassae;

baccae globosae glabrae vix 2 mm. longae apice rotundatae vel sub-

depressae, stigmatibus brevibus. — Panama: Cana-Cuasi trail, Camp

2, Chepigana District, Prov. Dari£n, alt. 600 meters, March 10,

1940, M.E.& R.A. Terry 1461 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

An apparently well marked species, quite unlike any other

Central American one examined, noteworthy for the unusually large

leaves which are somewhat bicolorous, and markedly asymmetric

at the base.

Piper cuasianum Standi., sp. nov.— Frutex 1-1.5 m. altus,

ramis gracilibus striato-costatis fuscis sat dense longivillosis, inter-

nodiis 4.5-5 cm. longis, nodis paullo incrassatis; folia modica brevis-

sime petiolata herbacea, petiolo ca. 5-6+7-10 mm. longo longi-

villoso; lamina aliquanto asymmetrica lanceolato-oblonga 14-19 cm.

longa 5-8 cm. lata longe angusteque acuminata, basi valde inaequi-

latera utroque latere anguste rotundata vel subtruncata, lamina

basin versus paullo angustata, supra in sicco fusca sparse villosa,

subtus pallidior brunnescens dense minute puncticulata subsparse

pilis longis patulis sordide brunneis villosa, pinnatinervia, costa

gracili prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere supra basin

4 teneris omnibus e medio inferiore laminae nascentibus angulo

semirecto vel angustiore adscendentibus subarcuatis versus apicem

laminae arcuato-junctis, venis prominulis laxe reticulatis; pedunculi

solitarii graciles 4 cm. longi longivillosi ; spicae 4.5 cm. longae 5 mm.

latae apice angustatae. — Panama: Cana-Cuasi trail, Camp 2,

Chepigana District, Prov. Dari£n, alt. 600 meters, March 12, 1940,

M. E. & R. A. Terry 1531 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

A plant of distinctive appearance because of the rather large

leaves with abundant pubescence of long, soft, dirty brown hairs,

and the long-stalked, short and broad spikes.

Piper Terryae Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex 60-120 cm. altus,

ramulis crassiusculis dense hirsuto-villosis, internodiis ut videtur

Studies of American Plants — XI 137

brevibus; folia magna breviter petiolata tenuiter membranacea,

petiolo crasso usque 12 mm. longo dense villoso; lamina obovata

18-23 cm. longa 7.5-13 cm. lata obtusa vel acutata, basin versus

arcuato-cuneatim angustata, basi ipsa late cuneata et breviter cor-

data, supra in sicco fusca densiuscule pilis usque 3 mm. longis laxis

pallidis patentibus villosa, subtus paullo pallidior similiter villosa

dense minuteque papillosa pinnatinervia, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere 4 tenerrimis obliquis angulo semirecto adscendentibus omnibus

prope medium arcuato-junctis, venis paucis prominentibus laxe

reticularis; pedunculi solitarii ca. 3.5 cm. longi graciles brunneo-

papillosi dense pilis longis patulis pallidis villosi; spicae anguste

oblongae 3.5 cm. longae 8 mm. latae apice rotundatae; baccae ses-

siles globosae glabrae, stigmatibus brevissimis. — Panama: Cana-

Cuasi trail, Camp 2, Chepigana District, Prov. Dari£n, alt. 600

meters, March 10, 1940, M.E. & R. A. Terry 1459 (type in Herb.

Field Mus.).

No Central American Piper at all similar to this has been noted.

It is striking in appearance because of the combination of abundant,

long pubescence, large, very thin leaves, narrowly and shallowly

cordate at the base, and short, broad spikes, borne on long and

slender peduncles.

MORACEAE

Ficus caballina Standi. Field Mus. Bot. 13: 301. 1937.— A

species of singular appearance because of its large, greatly elongate,

narrow, almost sessile leaves, based upon one collection from the

Department of Loreto, Peru. It has been found recently in Bolivia:

Dept. La Paz, Prov. S. Yungas, basin of Rio Bopi, San Bartolome\

near Calisaya, alt. 750-900 meters, a tree of 9 meters, July, 1939,

B. A. Krukoff 10432.

Ficus Killipii Standi. Field Mus. Bot. 13: 304. 1937.— Described

from the departments of Junin and Ayacucho, Peru. Recently

collected specimens from the eastern lowlands of the Department

of La Paz, Bolivia are conspecific: Prov. S. Yungas, basin of Rio

Bopi, Asunta, near Evenay, 690-750 meters, July, 1939, B. A. Kru-

koff 10641, 10603; a tree of 22-36 meters. Prov. S. Yungas, basin

of Rio Bopi, San Bartolome\ near Calisaya, alt. 750-900 meters,

July, 1939, Krukoff 10335; a tree of 15 meters.

Ficus Macbridei Standi. Field Mus. Bot. 13: 305. 1937.—

A species based upon Macbride 5090 from the Department of Hua-

nuco, Peru. It may now be reported from Bolivia: Dept. La Paz,

138 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

Prov. S. Yungas, basin of Rio Bopi, San Bartolome\ near Calisaya,

alt. 750-900 meters, July, 1939, a tree of 12 meters, B. A. Krukoff

10534.

Ficus regularis Standi. Bot. Ser. Field Mus. 17: 175. 1937.—

All the material thus far known of this species has been collected

by Mr. B. A. Krukoff, who obtained the original collections in

Amazonas and the Territory of Acre, Brazil. He has found it re-

cently also in Bolivia: Dept. La Paz, Prov. S. Yungas, basin of

Rio Bopi, San Bartolome\ near Calisaya, alt. 750-900 meters, July,

1939, a tree of 13-30 meters, Krukoff 10524, 10523.

Poulsenia armata (Miq.) Standi. Trop. Woods 33: 4. 1933.—

For a discussion of the synonymy and distribution of this monotypic

genus, see the notes in the publication cited. In South America

the tree has been known heretofore from the Santa Marta region

of Colombia, and from the lowland coastal forests of El Recreo,

Ecuador. The following collection indicates that its range is much

wider, and extends to a region in which it would scarcely have been

expected in view of its previously recorded range: Bolivia: Dept.

La Paz, Prov. S. Yungas, basin of Rio Bopi, San Bartolome\ near

Calisaya, alt. 750-900 meters, July, 1939, B. A. Krukoff 10282.

Described by the collector as a tree of 22 meters.

POLYGONACEAE

Coccoloba Steyermarkii Standi., sp. nov. — Arbor, ramulis

teretibus striatis ochraceis glabris, internodiis plerumque brevibus;

ochreae ca. 9 mm. longae minute puberulae brunneae cito deciduae;

folia modica breviter petiolata coriacea, petiolo crassiusculo usque

1.5 cm. longo glabro; lamina angustissime lanceolato-oblonga 14-

19.5 cm. longa 4-5 cm. lata glabra longe angusteque attenuato-

acuminata, apice ipso obtuso, basi obtusa vel anguste rotundata,

supra in sicco sublucida pallida densiuscule fusco-punctata, costa

prominula, nervis venisque prominulis et arete reticulars, subtus

pallidior, minute puncticulata, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere ca. 14 tenerrimis inconspicuis angulo lato abeuntibus

aliquanto irregularibus juxta marginem junctis, venulis vix promi-

nulis arete reticulatis; spicae terminales vel axillares solitariae vel

geminatae fere sessiles 4.5-8 cm. longae ca. 8 mm. latae subdense

multiflorae, rhachi crassiuscula dense puberula, ochreolis puberulis

ca. 1.5 mm. altis, pedicellis crassis puberulis ochreolis duplo longiori-

bus; perianthium glabrum 2.5 mm. longum, segmentis basi breviter

connatis ovalibus apice rotundatis minutissime puncticulatis; an-

Studies of American Plants— XI 139

therae subglobosae breviter exsertae. — Guatemala: Dept. Izabal,

Rio Dulce, 2-4 miles west of Livingston, on south side (left-hand

side going up the river), at sea level, April 16, 1940, Julian A. Steyer-

mark 39533 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

The flowers are described as whitish green. The species is remark-

able for its narrow leaves, more elongate and narrower than those

of any other Central American species, except C. acuminata HBK.,

to which it is not closely related. It is similar to C. escuintlensis

Lundell, of the Pacific slope of Guatemala and of Chiapas, but that

has broader leaves, almost concolorous and with much fewer nerves.

NYCTAGINACEAE

Neea mapirensis Standi. Field Mus. Bot. 11: 78. 1931— When

described, this species was based upon a single collection, Buchtien

1993 from San Antonio, near Mapiri, Bolivia. The following addi-

tional collections are now available from Bolivia: Dept. La Paz,

Prov. Larecaja, Copacabana, about 10 km. south of Mapiri, alt.

850-950 meters, October-November, 1939, B. A. Krukoff 11383.

Tuiri, near Mapiri, left bank of Rio Mapiri, Prov. Larecaja, alt.

490-750 meters, September, 1939, Krukoff 10838. The species is

an unusually well marked one, for this genus, because of its large

leaves, copiously pubescent on the lower surface.

Salpianthus Standleyi Steyermark, sp. nov. — Frutex divari-

catus 1.75 m. altus; ramulis geniculars viridibus rubro-striatis

glabris vel apicibus minute puberulis; foliis alternis, ovato-ellipticis,

2-9 cm. longis, 1-3.3 cm. latis, concoloribus, acutis, glabris, basi

abrupte et acute attenuatis, subpetiolatis, triplinerviis, latioribus

quam longis; inflorescentia cymoso-paniculata densa, 1-3 cm. longa,

cymis densis, 1.5-8 cm. latis, ramulis minute puberulis; floribus

3.5-4 mm. longis, breve pedicellatis, hirsutulis, lobis albis, deltoideo-

ovatis, extus hirsutulis, intus glabris, tubo perianthii cylindrico-

infundibuliformi, viridi, 3 mm. longo, 1.5-1.75 mm. lato, extus

hirsutulo; semine fusco-nigro. — Mexico: Guerrero, Barranca del

Consuelo, above stream in open, Sierra Madre del Sur, north of

Rio Balsas, Distrito Adama, November 11, 1937, Ynes Mexia 8783

(type in Herb. Field Mus.).

In the strongly flexuose mode of branching of the stems, Sal-

pianthus Standleyi simulates S. a equal is Standi. It differs from S.

aequalis, however, in its broader, densely paniculate-cymose in-

florescence, smaller perianth, mostly glabrous stems, more shortly

pedicellate flowers, and glabrous leaves.

140 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

BERBERIDACEAE

Berberis Johnstonii Standi. & Steyerm., sp. nov. — Frutex

2-2.5 m. altus glaber, ramis crassis paucis teretibus rimosis ochraceis

dense foliatis, internodiis abbreviates; folia modica pinnata 2-6 cm.

longe petiolata, petiolo rhachique gracilibus rigidis nudis; foliola

5-9, saepius 7, coriacea sessilia integra vel subundulata subaequalia

plerumque elliptico-oblonga, interdum oblonga vel ovali-oblonga,

plerumque 3-5 cm. longa et 1.5-2.5 cm. lata, apice rotundata vel

obtusissima et interdum retusa, basi aliquanto asymmetrica late

cuneata, supra in sicco cinereo-viridia lucida, nervis venisque pallidis

prominulis, subtus pallidiora, costa tenera prominente, nervis ven-

isque prominulis et arete reticulatis, margine saepe plus minusve

revoluto; inflorescentia ignota. — Guatemala: Parramos, Dept. Saca-

tepequez, December 14, 1938, J. R. Johnston 1525 (type in Herb.

Field Mus.). Damp thicket near Pastores, Dept. Sacatepequez,

alt. 1,600 meters, December 14, 1938, Standley 59895. Dry, rocky

hills north of Santa Rosa, Dept. Baja Verapaz, in pine-oak forest,

March 30, 1939, Standley 69801.

The first two collections actually are from the same locality and

perhaps from the same plant. It belongs, of course, to the group

Mahonia, treated as a genus by many authors. The only other

Guatemalan species related to Berberis Johnstonii is one that has

been passing as Mahonia fascicularis DC., a name that probably

does not belong properly to the Central American shrub. The plant

here described is known, unfortunately, only in a sterile state, but

the foliage is so distinctive in its entire leaflets that there is little

doubt that it represents a well differentiated species.

MAGNOLIACEAE

Talauma sambuensis Pittier, Contr. U. S. Nat. herb. 20: 105.

1918. — The species was based on Pittier 5681 from Boca de Pau-

arando, Sambu River, Darien, Panama. Recently it has been

re-collected in the same province: Cana-Cuasi trail, Camp 1, Che-

pigana District, alt. 240 meters, March, 1940, M.E. & R. A. Terry

1420. Described as a tree of 24-30 meters, with white flowers. The

occurrence of a member of this family at or near sea level is unusual,

so far as Central America is concerned. Other Central American

species of Talauma and Magnolia grow normally in the higher

mountains.

CAPPARIDACEAE

Capparis Steyermarkii Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex vel arbuscula,

ramis crassiusculis subteretibus densissime pilis sessilibus stellatis

Studies of American Plants — XI 141

brunneis velutino-tomentosis, internodiis brevibus; folia magna

petiolata crasse membranacea, petiolo crasso 1.5-3.3 cm. longo

densissime brunneo-stellato-tomentoso; lamina obovata vel oblongo-

obovata 18-21.5 cm. longa 6-10.5 cm. lata apice lato abrupte acumi-

nata vel longiacuminata, basin versus paullo cuneato-angustata,

basi ipsa obtusa, supra primo stellato-tomentosa sed cito glabrata,

costa nervisque prominulis, venis quoque prominulis et arete reticu-

lars, subtus paullo pallidior ubique molliter stellato-pilosa, costa

gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 11 elevatis angulo

latiusculo adscendentibus fere rectis prope marginem arcuato-

conjunctis, venis prominentibus arctissime reticulatis; inflorescentiae

axillares umbellato-racemosae vel simpliciter umbelliformes folia

fere aequantes longissime pedunculatae cum pedunculo usque 13 cm.

longae, ramis pedicellisque dense pilis mollibus fulvis vel brunnescen-

tibus stellato-pilosis, pedicellis gracilibus usque 17 mm. longis, bracteis

infimis usque 6 mm. longis, superioribus multo brevioribus; sepala

5-6 mm. longa linearia in alabastro sejuncta dense stellato-pilosa;

petala alba late obovata sessilia 7-8 mm. longa apice rotundata

extus dense pilis subadpressis stellato-pilosa; torus globoso-ovoideus

1.5 mm. altus puberulus, gynophoro ca. 7 mm. longo stellato-piloso,

ovario lineari ca. 5 mm. longo; stamina 8, filamentis solemniter

elongatis basi stellato-pilosis superne glabris, antheris lineari-oblongis

glabris. — Guatemala: Dept. Izabal, Rio Dulce, between Livingston

and 6 miles up river, on north side (right-hand side going up river),

near sea level, April 14, 1940, Julian A. Steyermark 39387 (type in

Herb. Field Mus.).

"Petals white, easily caducous. Leaves firmly chartaceous, dark,

rich green above, pale green beneath and sulcate along the nerves.

Rachis and young stems ferruginous." There is no obvious relation-

ship between this plant and any other Capparis known from Central

America. The abundant, soft, brownish, stellate pubescence of

almost all parts is particularly distinctive.

CONNARACEAE

Pseudoconnarus Krukovii Steyermark, sp. nov. — Planta

volubilis, ramulis teretiusculis glabris; foliis trifoliolatis, longipetio-

latis, coriaceis; rhachi 7-11 cm. longa plerumque glabra vel minute

puberula; foliolis basi triplinerviis, nervis lateralibus 4, supra niti-

dulis glabris reticulatis, subtus pallidis subglaucescentibus papillosis

minute puberulis vel subglabratis, forte reticulatis; petiolulo crasso

4-7 mm. longo; foliolo terminali late ovato vel elliptico-ovato 10-15

cm. longo, 5-9 cm. lato, apice acuto, basi cuneato vel rotundato;

142 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

foliolis lateralibus similibus sed minoribus 6-10 cm. longis, 5-7 cm.

latis; inflorescentia paniculata axillari pedunculata 8-15 cm. longa

laxe multiramosa, ramis patenti-adscendentibus minute et parce

velutinis vel subglabratis robustis, pedicellis robustis 4-10 mm.

longis minute parce velutinis; floribus non visis, lobis calycis in

fructu 2-2.5 mm. longis, 1.75-2.5 mm. latis minute ciliatis, extus

minute parce velutinis vel subglabratis patenti-adscendentibus sub-

orbiculato-oblongis obtusis; fructu 10-13 mm. longo glabro clavato

apiculato. — Brazil: Amazonas, Municipality Humayta, near Tres

Casas, September 14-October 11, 1934, B. A. Krukoff 6455 (type

in Herb. Field Mus.; duplicate in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). Muni-

cipality Humayta, near Livramento, on Rio Livramento, October

12-November 6, 1934, Krukoff 6956, 6659.

Because its leaflets are strongly reticulated on the lower surface,

this species of Pseudoconnarus is closely related to P. reticulatus

Schellenberg, and to P. subtriplinervis. It differs, however, from

P. reticulatus in its glabrous or nearly glabrous branches, petioles,

and petiolules, and in the nearly glabrous lower surface of the leaf-

lets. From P. subtriplinervis it differs in the shape of the leaflets,

which are broadly elliptic-ovate and not elliptic, and in the nearly

glabrous branches and foliage.

Rourea Krukovii Steyermark, sp. nov. — Frutex scandens,

ramulis ferrugineo-velutinis vel subglabratis; foliis 7-9-foliolatis;

rhachi robusta 8-13 mm. longa minute velutina; petiolulo crasso

4-6 mm. longo minute velutino; foliolis coriaceis revolutis elliptico-

oblongis, 3.5-12 cm. longis, 2.5-6 cm. latis, apice acuminatis, basi

rotundatis, supra glabris opacis reticulatis, subtus pallidis subglau-

cescentibus dense reticulatis sed non rugosis; inflorescentia pani-

culata terminali pedunculata 8-13 cm. longa dense ferrugineo-puber-

ula, ramulis dense multifloris, pedicellis robustis 2-4 mm. longis,

dense ferrugineo-puberulis, bracteis minutis ovato-lanceolatis fer-

rugineo-puberulis; floribus non visis; calyce in fructu 5.5-7 mm.

longo, lobis 4-5 mm. longis, 2-3 mm. latis, oblongo-ovatis, intus

parce puberulis, extus dense ferrugineo-velutinis, forte erecto-ad-

pressis; fructu parce velutino oblongo obtuso basi substipitato 6-7

mm. longo. — Brazil: Amazonas, Municipality Sao Paulo de Olivenca,

near Palmares, September 11-October 26, 1936, B. A. Krukoff 8556

(type in Herb. Field Mus.; duplicate in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.).

In the nonglandular, velutinous or tomentose calyx and fruit,

Rourea Krukovii appears to be a member of the recently described

section Indutae Schellenberg (Pflanzenreich IV. 127: 199. 1938).

Studies of American Plants — XI 143

It is well characterized by its revolute leaflets, calyx lobes appressed

in fruit, ferruginous tomentum of peduncles and rhachis, and leaflets

strongly reticulate and glaucescent on the lower surface.

LEGUMINOSAE

Bauhinia Killipiana Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex scandens ut

videtur inermis, caule gracili dense pilis brunneis mollibus longis

patulis piloso; stipulae falcato-semiovatae usque 8 mm. longae

obtusae vel subacutae virides sparse pilosae palmatinerviae; folia

majuscula biloba longipetiolata subcoriacea, petiolo gracili 4-5.5 cm.

longo dense patenti-piloso; lamina ambitu rotundato-ovata 11-14.5

cm. longa 8.5-10 cm. lata fere ad medium biloba, basi profunde

angusteque cordata, sinu 2.5-3.5 cm. alto fere clauso, e basi 13-

nervia, lobis acutiusculis usque breviter acuminatis, supra lucida

glabra, nervis prominentibus, venulis prominulis et arctissime reticu-

lars, subtus ubique dense molliterque pilosa, pilis plerumque patulis,

nervis prominentibus gracilibus, venis prominentibus laxe reticu-

lars; flores racemosi, racemis terminalibus simplicbus laxe multi-

floris longipedunculatis recurvis ca. 8 cm. longis, rhachi dense pilis

ferrugineis longipilosa, bracteis viridibus lanceolato-linearibus ca.

8 mm. longis ut videtur persistentibus, pedicellis gracilibus usque 7

mm. longis dense pilosis; flores in alabastris tan turn visi, calycis

tubo late ovoideo ca. 7 mm. longo et 5 mm. fere lato densissime pilis

longis patentibus ferrugineis vestito, lobis lineari-lanceolatis viridibus

erecto-incurvis 4-5 mm. longis acuminatis. — Peru: Juanjui, Dept.

San Martin, Alto Rio Huallaga, alt. 400-800 meters, in forest, April,

1936, G. Klug 4289 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Bauhinia Klugii Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex scandens cirrhiferus

ut videtur inermis, ramis crassiusculis subteretibus densissime pilis

brevibus ferrugineis plerumque patulis tomentosis, internodiis bre-

vibus; stipulae deciduae, non visae; folia modica breviter petio-

lata firme membranacea, petiolo 1-1.5 cm. longo dense ferrugineo-

tomentoso; lamina 5-8 cm. longa 5-8 cm. lata ad tertiam partem

biloba, basi truncata vel brevissime lateque subcordata, e basi 11-

nervia, lobis paullo obliquis late ovatis obtusis vel breviter acutis,

supra sublucida primo sparse pilis longiusculis laxis subadpressis

pilosa, cito glabrata, venulis prominulis arctissime reticulatis, subtus

pallidior, ubique, ad nervos densius, pilis brevibus subadpressis fer-

rugineis vel pallidioribus pilosa, venis prominentibus arete reticu-

latis; flores racemosi, racemis terminalibus fasciculatis vel paniculatis

pedunculatis sat dense pauci- vel multifloris usque ad 7 cm. longis,

panicula interdum ad 12 cm. longa et 6.5 cm. lata pauciramosa,

144 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

ramis oblique adscendentibus densissime ferrugineo-tomentosis,

pedicellis crassiusculis ad 5 mm. longis, bracteis ferrugineis patentibus

lineari-attenuatis ad 5 mm. longis; calyx 7-8 mm. longus late cam-

panulatus basi acutiusculus extus dense pilis patulis vel subadpressis

ferrugineis pilosus, in alabastro subrostratus, lobispaullo inaequalibus

triangulari-ovatis tubo subaequalibus; petala glabra lata calyce

fere duplo longiora; stamina fertilia 10; ovarium dense pilis longis

subadpressis ferrugineis indutum.— Peru: Mountain forest, Chazuta,

Rio Huallaga, Dept. San Martin, alt. 260 meters, a liana, the buds

golden yellow, March, 1935, G. Klug 4027 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Brownea loretensis Standi., sp. nov. — Arbor 10-metralis,

trunco ca. 15 cm. diam., ramulis gracilibus subteretibus fuscis elevato-

lenticellatis, internodiis elongatis glabris vel glabratis; folia 8-14-

foliolata majuscula breviter petiolata, petiolo 2-3.5 cm. longo basi

incrassato, rhachi gracillima 8-18 cm. longa subtereti fusca glabra,

foliolis alternis vel suboppositis, petiolulis ca. 3 mm. longis; foliola

subcoriacea anguste oblonga vel lanceolato-oblonga, interdum

oblanceolato-oblonga plerumque 7-11 cm. longa et 2-3 cm. lata

longissime caudato-acuminata, acumine fere lineari usque 2.5 cm.

longo, basi rotundata vel obtusissima, supra glabra lucida, nervis

venisque prominulis, venulis arctissime prominulo-reticulatis, sub-

tus paullo pallidiora ad costam teneram prominentem sparse hispidula

vel fere omnino glabra, nervis irregularibus remote a margine con-

junctis, venulis prominentibus arctissime reticulatis; inflorescentia

terminalis breviter racemosa capituliformis, corollis inclusis ca. 9 cm.

longa et 16 cm. lata, dense multiflora, rhachi 3.5 cm. longa dense

fulvo-tomentosa; bracteae extimae parvae rotundatae dense seri-

ceae, interiores obovato-spathulatae ad 4 cm. longae et 1.5 cm.

latae obtusae dense ubique fulvo-tomentellae; bracteolae ca. 22 mm.

longae ad medium connatae extus dense fulvo-tomentellae; calyx

ca. 4.5 cm. longus extus glaber vel superne sparsissime pilosulus,

segmentis spathulato-oblongis apice rotundatis; petala ca. 6.5 cm.

longa coccinea rotundata et apiculata. — Peru: On rising ground,

Gamitanacocha, Rio Mazan, Dept. Loreto, alt. 100-125 meters,

Jose M. Schunke 11 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Local name Paloicruz (palo de cruz?).

Galactia acuminata Steyermark, sp. nov. — Planta scandens,

ramulis tenuibus parce pilis adpressis ferrugineis pubescentibus;

foliis imparipinnatis, foliolis 3, lanceolatis vel anguste ellipticis apice

acuminato-aristatis, basi acutis vel subacutis, foliis petiolis exclusis

5-7.5 cm. longis, 1.2-1.7 cm. latis, foliolo terminali longissimo,

Studies of American Plants— XI 145

foliolis integris, supra praeter costam mediam parce pubescentem

glabris, subtus strigilloso-pubescentibus, costa media dense strigil-

loso-pubescente, membranaceis, concoloribus, nervis lateralibus

divaricatis non conspicuis, petiolo tenui, 4.5-5.5 mm. longo, parce

strigilloso-pubescente, stipulis subulato-aristatis ca. 3 mm. longis,

petiolulis lateralibus 2-2.5 mm. longis, basi bracteis subulatis 1.5

mm. longis fulcra tis, petiolulo terminali longiore 8-9 mm. longo;

floribus paucis, basi petioli subumbellatis, pedicellis tenuibus 4-6

mm. longis, retrorse strigilloso-pubescentibus; calyce tubuloso,

5-fido, strigilloso-pubescente, lobis 2 longioribus; corolla quam calyce

longiore; ovario dense strigilloso-pubescente. — Mexico: Finca Juarez,

Chiapas, August 12, 1937, E. Matuda 1741 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

This new species of Galactia is readily distinguished from other

members of the genus by its long-acuminate, membranaceous leaves

which are narrowly elliptic or lanceolate, and sparsely strigillose-

pubescent on the lower surface.

Pithecolobium chazutense Standi., sp. nov. — Arbor 15-

metralis, ramulis crassis ferrugineo-puberulis; stipulae non visae;

folia majuscula, petiolo nudo 3-4 cm. longo, rhachi 6-9 cm. longa

subtereti ferrugineo-puberula vel breviter pilosula, glandulis soli-

tariis inter paria pinnarum parvis incrassatis crateriformibus; pinnae

5-jugae 13-14 cm. longae, infimae duplo breviores; foliola usque

15-juga sessilia membranacea oblonga vel basi paullo latiora pler-

umque 2-2.5 cm. longa et 7-10 mm. lata, obtusissima vel rotundata

et apiculata, basi oblique rotundata, supra in sicco lucida ad costam

puberula, aliter glabra, venis non elevatis, subtus pallidiora glabra,

costa paullo excentrica, nervis paucis remotis prominulis; flores

dense capitati ochroleuci fere omnino glabri, capitulis globosis 3 cm.

diam. solitariis vel paucifasciculatis, pedunculo gracili 6-8 cm.

longo hirtello nudo, bracteis parvis inconspicuis; calyx late cam-

panulatus vix ultra 1.5 mm. altus minute inaequaliter dentatus,

dentibus late triangularibus obtusis minute glandulosis; corolla

graciliter tubulosa 9 mm. longa, tubo sursum sensim dilatato et

fauce 1.5 mm. lato, lobis triangulari-ovatis erectis vel patulis vix

ultra 1 mm. longis acutiusculis; stamina numerosissima 5 mm.

longe exserta. — Peru: In forest, Chazuta, Rio Huallaga, Dept. San

Martin, alt. about 260 meters, March, 1935, G. Klug 4011 (type in

Herb. Field Mus.).

Pithecolobium martinianum Standi., sp. nov. — Arbuscula

3-metralis; folia magna subsessilia, pinnis 1-jugis 5-foliolatis paullo

ultra 1 cm. longe petiolulatis, rhachi 7-8.5 cm. longa gracili glabra,

146 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

glandulis solitariis inter paria foliolorum parvis disciformibus nigris,

petiolulis crassis nigrescentibus 5 mm. longis; foliola majuscula

crasse papyracea subaequalibus, inferioribus paullo minoribus,

elliptico-oblonga vel oblanceolato-oblonga 9-15 cm. longa 4-6 cm.

lata subabrupte acuminata, basi valde obliqua uno latere obtusa,

altero anguste attenuata, glabra, supra sublucida, costa nervisque

prominentibus, venis non elevatis, subtus paullo pallidiora brun-

nescentia, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

3-5 teneris prominentibus arcuatis, venulis prominentibus arete

reticulatis; flores spicati, spicis laxe multifloris prope basin bifidis

pedunculatis e nodis defoliatis ut videtur nascentibus 6-14 cm.

longis, rhachi recta gracili sparse puberula, bracteis minutis subu-

latis, floribus arete sessilibus; calyx tubulosus 2.5 mm. longus sparse

puberulus sursum paullo dilatatus, dentibus late ovatis brevissimis

acutis vel acuminatis; corolla sparse minutissime puberula striata

10-11 mm. lata, fauce paullo dilatata 2 mm. lata, lobis suberectis

oblongis acutiusculis 2 mm. longis; stamina numerosissima ca. 2 cm.

longe exserta, inferne in tubum breviter exsertum coalita. — Peru:

In forest, Chazuta, Rio Huallaga, Dept. San Martin, alt. about

260 meters, flowers lilac-rose, May, 1935, G. Klug 4149 (type in

Herb. Field Mus.).

Vatairea Lundellii (Standi.) Standi., comb. nov. Tipuana

Lundellii Standi. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 461: 65. 1935.— This

tree is now known to occur in the forests of British Honduras, the

Department of Peten, Guatemala, and the Isthmus of Tehuantepec,

Oaxaca, Mexico.

RUTACEAE

Zanthoxylum Aguilarii Standi. & Steyerm., sp. nov. — Frutex

vel arbor vulgo 4.5-9 m. alta inermis vel aculeis paucis brevibus

rectis armata dense ramosa, ramis teretibus rimosis ochraceis usque

fuscis, novellis sparse lepidotis vel fere glabris, internodiis brevibus;

folia inter minora pinnata plerumque 5-12 cm. longa petiolata,

petiolo supra profunde canaliculato superne marginato sed vix alato;

foliola saepius 9-11 sessilia subcoriacea subaequalia vel inferiora

sensim decrescentia oblonga usque anguste lanceolato-oblonga vel

subelliptica 2.5-5.5 cm. longa 1-1.5 cm. lata, apicem obtusum vel

emarginatum versus saepe angustata, rarius subacuta, basi obtusa

et saepe valde obliqua, remote grosseque crenata vel saepius sub-

integra, margine prope basin folioli breviter recurvo, supra viridia

glabra, costa impressa, subtus sparse brunneo-punctata, sparse

praesertim ad costam nervosque puberula vel pilosula vel fere omnino

Studies of American Plants — XI 147

glabra; rhachis folii sparse hirtella anguste alata; inflorescentiae

axillares vel quoque terminales parvae paniculatae foliis duplo vel

triplo breviores dense multiflorae sessiles vel breviter pedunculatae,

ramis sparse puberulis crassis, floribus tetrameris plerumque sessi-

libus et dense aggregatis; sepala minuta rotundo-ovata obtusa,

petalis ovalibus obtusis ca. 2 mm. longis glabris ciliolatis; stylus

crasse columnaris ovarium subaequans; folliculus 1 globosus basi

et apice rotundatus ubique densissime longiuscule echinatus, echinis

inclusis usque 1 cm. latus sed saepius aliquanto minor, bivalvis,

valvis vulgo 6 mm. longis; semina globosa nigra lucidissima 3.5-4

mm. diam. laevia. — Guatemala: Damp thicket, barranco above

Duenas, Dept. Sacatep^quez, alt. 1,600-1,800 meters, common,

January 21, 1939, Paul C. Standley 63209 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Dept. Guatemala, 1938-39, Ignacio Aguilar 253, 244. Parramos,

Dept. Sacatep£quez, December, 1938, J. R. Johnston 1512, 1546.

It is hard to believe that a plant so distinct as this, and apparently

not uncommon in the central region of Guatemala that has been

visited by most botanical collectors working in the country, should

be without a name, but none has been found for it. The fruit is

quite unlike that of other Central American or Mexican species.

The foliage and inflorescence resemble those of Z. Culantrillo HBK.,

also a Guatemalan species.

The species is named for Don Jos£ Ignacio Aguilar G. of the

Finca Nacional La Aurora, Guatemala, to whom the authors are

indebted for many courtesies. He has presented to Field Museum

a large series of plants from the Department of Guatemala, that

will be of great service for use in the Flora of Guatemala now in

preparation.

BURSERACEAE

Bursera Steyermarkii Standi., sp. nov. — Arbuscula, ramis

crassis teretibus striatis ferrugineis glabris; folia trifoliolata longi-

petiolata crasse membranacea ad apices ramulorum brevium later-

alium dense inserta, petiolo gracillimo 1.5-4 cm. longo sparse saltern

superne patulo-piloso; foliola sessilia fere ad basin crenata supra

sat dense pilis brevibus plerumque patulis pilosa, subtus dense pilis

longiusculis patentibus velutino-pilosa, foliolo terminali rhombico-

obovato usque cuneato-obovato vel oblanceolato-oblongo 4-6.5 cm.

longo 2-3.5 cm. lato obtuso usque breviter acuminato, fere a medio

usque ad basin sensim cuneato-attenuato, lateralibus paullo breviori-

bus basi asymmetrica obtusis vel acutis, costa nervisque utrinque

prominentibus, venis subtus prominentibus et laxe reticulatis;

148 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

inflorescentiae laxissimae pauciflorae saepe folia fere aequantes,

pedunculis gracillimis ut videtur pendulis usque 6 cm. longis vel

ultra glabris, pedicellis teneris 1 cm. longis vel ultra; fructus glaber

obovoideus 10-11 mm. longus et ca. 7 mm. latus basi obtusus apice

acutiusculus lucidus. — Guatemala: Dept. Chiquimula, on plains

or low slopes about Chiquimula, alt. 400 meters, October 20, 1939,

Julian A. Steyermark 30068 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

The genus Bur sera, so abundantly represented almost throughout

Mexico, has but few species in Central America, and these chiefly

common and widely distributed ones. The species here described

probably is a localized one, for it has not been noted elsewhere during

recent rather extensive exploration of Guatemala. The only species

that resembles it closely is the lately described Bursera heteresthes

Bullock, of the Mexican states of Mexico and Guerrero. In foliage

the two are almost exactly alike, but the fruit of B. heteresthes is

strikingly different, being subglobose and only 5-6 mm. in length.

MALPIGHIACEAE

Mascagnia rivularis Morton & Standi., sp. nov. — Liana,

ramulis teretibus 2.5 mm. crassis cinereis sericeis, lenticellis crebris

ornatis; petioli ca. 12 mm. longi; lamina foliorum anguste oblonga

14.5 cm. longa 3.3-3.8 cm. lata integra, subcoriacea acuminata,

basi cuneata, utrinque glaberrima, subtus pallidior, venis primariis

ca. 8-jugis, supra obscuris, subtus prominulis, venis secundariis

obscuris; inflorescentia axillaris paniculata 6-10 cm. longa ferru-

gineo-sericea foliis brevior, pedunculo communi 1.5-2 cm. longo,

racemis secundariis nonnullis, 5-15-floris, pedunculis floriferis ob-

soletis (i.e. pedicellis basi articulatis), pedicellis 8-9 mm. longis

gracilibus apice incrassatis ferrugineo-sericeis, basi bracteatis, brac-

teis minutis ovatis persistentibus 0.5-0.75 mm. longis sericeis; calyx

eglanduliferus sericeus irregularis, lobis oblongis, plerisque ca. 1.75

mm. longis 0.9 mm. latis planis, lobis 1 vel 2 quam ceteris longioribus,

2.25 mm. longis, apice coloratis recurvatis; petala flava aequalia

unguiculata (ca. 1 mm.), lamina oblonga ca. 4 mm. longa 2 mm.

lata concava utrinque glabra membranacea, margine integro, eglan-

dulifero; stamina 10 fertilia; filamenta gracillima aequalia ca. 3 mm.

longa, vix 0.1 mm. lata, glabra; antherae oblongae ca. 1 mm. longae

glabrae; ovarium pilosum; styli 3 aequales gracillimi glabri valde

arcuati, stigmatibus terminalibus minutis paullo bilobis; samara

(immatura) unica sericea, alis 2 lateralibus subflabellatis, crista

dorsali prominente subintegra, alis intermediis nullis. — Type in the

Studies of American Plants— XI 149

Herbarium of Field Museum, collected along Rio Dulce, Guatemala,

March 27, 1939, C. L. Wilson 375.

This species is apparently an anomalous member of the section

Pleuropterys. Distinctive are the very slender, basally articulate

pedicels, the eglandular, irregular calyx, the glabrous petals, the

actinomorphic androecium and gynoecium, the slender filaments,

and slender, arcuate styles with minute stigmas.

VOCHYSIACEAE

Vochysia Braceliniae Standi., sp. nov. — Arbor 12-metralis,

trunco erecto, coma parva rotundata, ramulis crassiusculis obtuse

tetragonis ochraceis fere vel omnino glabris, internodiis elongatis;

folia plerumque quaternata fere sessilia coriacea, petiolo crasso vix

ultra 7 mm. longo; lamina late ovali-obovata 11-17 cm. longa

9-10 cm. lata, apice late rotundata vel truncata et subito apiculata,

acumine obtuso ca. 7 mm. longo, basin versus paullo angustata,

basi ipsa obtusa, supra in sicco lutescenti-viridis opaca glabra, costa

nervisque plus minusve impressis, subtus fere concolor aliquanto

brunnescens, in statu juvenili sparse praesertim ad nervos laxe

sericea, aliter obscure minute puberula vel fere omnino glabra,

costa crassa solemniter elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

ca. 21 fere rectis teneris valde elevatis angulo latiusculo adscendenti-

bus prope marginem in nervum collectivum conjunctis, venulis

prominulis arete reticulatis; flores parvi laete lutei racemosi, racemis

usque 16 cm. longis ca. 2 cm. latis paniculam terminalem densam

basi foliatam 18-20 cm. longam efformantibus dense multifloris,

rhachi sparse puberula vel fere glabra; sepala minora subrotundata,

apice rotundata vel obtusissima, ciliata, postico calcarato, calcare

obtuso ca. 5 mm. longo 1 mm. crasso vel paullo ultra; petalum

anticum oblongum obtusum 1 cm. longum glabrum. — Peru: Dept.

Loreto, near Yurimaguas, trail to San Ramon, in cut-over woods,

alt. 180 meters, October 25, 1931, Ynes Mexia 6081 (type in Herb.

Field Mus.).

Local name, Chambo caspi. "Wood soft and useless." Apparently

a well marked species, notable for the very broad leaves whose

prominent lateral nerves are rib-like, and united near the margin

to form a distinct collective nerve. The species is named for Mrs.

H. P. Bracelin, whose careful attention to the labeling and distribu-

tion of all of Mrs. Mexia's South American and Mexican plants

has contributed in no small part toward the scientific value of those

large collections.

150 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

Vochysia lomatophylla Standi., sp. nov. — Arbor 16-24-

metralis, trunco usque 60 cm. diam. vel ultra, ramulis obtuse quad-

rangulatis crassis ochraceis sparse sericeis glabrescentibus, inter-

nodiis brevibus; folia quaternata magna fere sessilia coriacea,

petiolo crasso ad 8 mm. longo sparse sericeo vel glabrato; lamina

anguste oblanceolato-oblonga 17-27 cm. longa, 5-7 cm. prope

apicem lata, apice rotundata vel late obtusa et saepe breviter

angusteque emarginata, fere ab apice basin versus sensim angustata,

basi ipsa angusta obtusa ad subtruncata, supra in sicco lutescens

in statu adulto glabra sublucida, costa nervisque impressis, subtus

concolor, primo ut videtur saltern secus nervos sericea, in statu

adulto fere omnino glabra, costa gracili solemniter elevata, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere ca. 25 gracilibus elevatis fere rectis angulo

semirecto vel paullo latiore adscendentibus prope marginem in

nervum conspicuum collectivum conjunctis, venulis prominentibus

arete reticulatis; racemi in axillis ut videtur solitarii 11-23 cm. longi

sat dense multiflori ca. 3.5 cm. lati 4.5-12 cm. longe pedunculati,

rhachi crassa laxe aliquanto sericea, floribus plerumque in cymulas

parvas paucifloras breviter pedunculatas dispositis, pedicellis cito

glabratis usque 9 mm. longis; sepala minora ca. 2-2.5 mm. longa

subrotundata, apice rotundata, ciliata, calcare angusto 8-9 mm.

longo obtuso paullo ultra 1 mm. lato; petalum anticum late oblongum

11 mm. longum 6 mm. latum apice subrotundatum glabrum; stylus

ca. 12 mm. longus fere filiformis glaber. — Peru: On river bank,

Gamitanacocha, Rio Mazan, Dept. Loreto, alt. 100-125 meters,

January 13, 1935, Jose M. Schunke 14 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Argelia, Dept. Loreto, January, 1911, W. Fox 76.

Local name Timareo de altura. Flowers yellow. In most respects,

especially in nervation of the leaves, this is similar to V. Braceliniae,

but the shape and proportions of the leaves are so different that it

seems probable that two distinct species are represented.

EUPHORBIACEAE

Alchornea triplinervia (Spreng.) Muell. Arg. in DC. Prodr.

15, pt. 2: 909. 1866. Antidesma triplinervium Spreng. Neue Entd.

2: 116. 1821. — In South America the species is common in many

parts of its wide range, from southern Brazil to Colombia. So far

as I know, it has not been recorded for North America, but the

following collection is referable to it: Panama: Rain forest, crest

of Cana-Cuasi trail, Chepigana District, Prov. Darien, alt. 1,650

meters, March, 1940, M. E. & R. A. Terry 1575. A shrub of 2.5-

3.5 meters. Pax in his monographic account of the genus (Pflanzen-

Studies of American Plants— XI 151

reich IV. 147, vii: 227. 1914) recognizes eight varieties of A. tripli-

nervia. In his key the Panama collection would run to var. parvi-

folia (Miq.) Muell. Arg., which he reports only from Brazil.

Croton Standleyi Steyermark,sp.nov. — Frutex, ramulis cinereo-

stellato-pubescentibus; foliis longe petiolatis, petiolis 4-8 cm. longis,

cinereo-stellato-pubescentibus, laminis late ovatis subhastatis vel

folia Gossypii simulantibus, apice acutis vel breviter acuminatis,

basi profunde cordatis, nervis lateralibus 6-7-jugis, pagina superiore

parce leviterque stellato-pubescente, pagina inferiore pallidiore, dense

cinereo-stellato-pubescente, margine integro vel subintegro; inflores-

centia terminali, abbreviate, 5-6.5 cm. longa; calyce florum mascu-

lorum dense flavido-stellato-pubescente; capsula 7 mm. longa, 7 mm.

lata, modice dense breviterque cinereo-stellato-pubescente; semine

fusco, calvo, 5-5.6 mm. longo. — Panama: Chiriqui, Boquete District,

Volcan de Chiriqui, alt. 2,100 meters, M. E. Davidson 892 (type

in Herb. Field Mus.).

This new species of Croton is named in honor of Mr. Paul C.

Standley, who first brought the material to the author's attention.

Its slightly hastate-lobed or somewhat Gossypium-Mke leaves simulate

superficially those of C. gossypifolius Vahl, which has ferruginous-

tomentose capsules and very long-acuminate leaves with denticulate

margins. The gray, cinereous, stellate pubescence developed to a

slight degree on the capsules and more markedly on the lower leaf

surface, together with the entire or subentire leaf margins, sub-

hastate-lobed, acute, deeply cordate leaves, and short inflorescence

distinguish C. Standleyi from its nearest allied species, C. panamensis

M. Arg. and C. Billbergianus M. Arg.

Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. f. lutea Standi., forma nov. —

Bracteae inflorescentiae pallide luteae; caetera ut in forma typica

speciei. — Salvador: Finca Venecia, near Soyapango, December 21,

1938, Dr. Mario Levy Van Severed 67 (received through Dr. Salvador

Calderon; type in Herb. Field Mus.).

"Pascua amarilla." The form of the cultivated poinsettia

having pale yellow bracts is not common in cultivation nor is it very

rare. It has been known for a long time, but I do not find that

there is any proper Latin name to designate it. The form is men-

tioned by Boissier in his account of Euphorbia in DeCandolle's

Prodromus (15, pt. 2: 72. 1862) as "E. lutea Alaman in DC. h.,"

but that name is mentioned merely in synonymy.

152 Field Museum of Natural History— Botany, Vol. 22

Jatropha Standleyi Steyermark, sp. nov. — Frutex, ramulis

glabris; foliis oblongo-obovatis, petiolatis, integris, omnino glabris,

basi cuneatis acutis, apice late rotundatis vel truncatis, abrupte et

obtuse mucronatis, nervis lateralibus 6-7-jugis, chartaceis, 4-10.5

cm. longis, 2.5-5.5 cm. latis, margine paullo incrassato, basi laminae

glandulis stipitatis onusta, petiolo 0.8-1.1 cm. longo, scarioso-alato ;

floribus non visis; capsula rhomboidea vel subquadrata, 2-loculari,

carinata, 2.5 cm. lata, 1.6 cm. alta; calyce persistente. — Mexico:

Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, July, 1936, E. Matuda 2260 (type in Herb.

Field Mus.).

Jatropha Standleyi, with its large, simple, glabrous, entire,

oblong-obovate leaves, cuneate at the base, is one of the most dis-

tinct species of the genus. Without flowering material it is impossible

to judge in which section the species most properly belongs, but

superficially it appears related to Jatropha yucatanensis Briq. of

section Castiglionia on the one hand and Jatropha Isabelli Muell.

Arg. of sect. Tuberosae subsect. Macrorrhizae on the other.

Omphalea elaeophoroides Steyermark, sp. nov. — Scandens,

ramulis juvenilibus fulvo-tomentellis; foliis magnis, orbiculari-ovatis,

basi late rotundatis, apice rotundatis vel abrupte breviterque apicu-

latis, firmiter membranaceis, margine crenis longis adpressis crenato,

pagina superiore glabra, pagina inferiore dense pilis brevibus puber-

ula, 9-15 cm. longis, 6-11 cm. latis, nervis 6-10 arcuato-adscendenti-

bus nervos 2 laterales e basi includentibus, nervis subtus prominen-

tibus et conspicue reticulatis; stipulis parvis, non foliaceis; petiolo

2-5 cm. longo, tomentello, apice biglandulari, glandulis suborbi-

cularibus 1.5 mm. diametro; floribus non visis; fructu crasso, sub-

carnoso, textura crasso, indehiscente, apice rostrato, tricarinato, 8

cm. longo, diametro 7-8 cm., tricocco; seminibus non visis. — Brazil:

Amazonas, "Piraninhon," on restinga alta, Municipality Humayta,

near Tres Casas, basin of Rio Madeira, September 14-October 11,

1934, B. A. Krukoff 6297 (type in Herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.; fragment

in Herb. Field Mus.).

A member of the section Palmatinerviae, this new species appears

related to the membranaceous-leaved 0. oleifera. The latter, how-

ever, is a tree with deeply cordate leaves, while 0. elaeophoroides is

a scandent plant with leaves rounded or truncate at the base. It is

related also to O. diandra (sensu lato), from which it differs in its

thinly membranaceous leaves, which are more rounded at the apex.

This species is named in allusion to Elaeophora abutaefolia, whose

fruit the fruit of this plant resembles superficially. The fruit of

Studies of American Plants— XI 153

Elaeophora is 4- instead of 3-angled, has more prominent and definite

ribs, and is finer-textured on the outer surface.

Phyllanthus longipes Steyermark, sp. nov. — Arbor, trunco

1.2 dm. diametro; ramis gracilibus glabris, internodiis brevibus vel

elongatis; foliis breviter petiolatis chartaceis vel paullo subcoriaceis,

petiolo 2.5-4 mm. longo, ruguloso; lamina elliptico-oblonga, 4-8 cm.

longa, 1-3.5 cm. lata, acuminata, acumine obtuso, basi acuta, glabra,

supra viridi, nervis inconspicuis, subtus pallida subglaucescente,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 8; floribus ut videtur dioicis,

femineis tantum visis, axillaribus, fasciculatis, pedicellis filiformibus

glabris 4.5-5 cm. longis plus minusque erectis (in fructu); capsula

triloculari castanea glabra laevi 5 mm. longa et 5 mm. lata, pro-

funde emarginata, coccis dorso sulcatis; semine castaneo glabra

laevi ca. 4 mm. longo et 3.5 mm. lato. — British Honduras: On hill-

side, El Cayo District, Vaca, May 13, 1938, Percy H. Gentle 2619

(type in Herb. Field Mus.; duplicate in Herb. Univ. Mich.).

This species is well characterized by its deeply emarginate cap-

sule, each cell of which is definitely sulcate longitudinally, by the

chartaceous-subcoriaceous leaves, subglaucescent on their lower

surface, and by the elongate fruiting pedicels.

CELASTRACEAE

Maytenus vulcanicola Standi., sp. nov. — Arbuscula 3-4.5 m.

alta omnino glabra, ramulis crassis teretibus ferrugineis rimosis,

internodiis brevibus; folia alterna breviter petiolata coriacea rigi-

daque, petiolo crasso glaucescente 4-5 mm. longo; lamina anguste

elliptico-oblonga vel anguste oblanceolato-oblonga 6-8 cm. longa

2-3 cm. lata acuta usque subrotundata, basi longiuscule cuneato-

angustata, supra in sicco luteo-viridis lucida, costa tenera prominula,

nervis manifestis sed vix elevatis, venulis obscuris, subtus paullo

pallidior, costa gracili prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

ca. 7 tenerrimis irregularibus obliquis angulo semirecto adscendenti-

bus prope marginem irregulariter conjunctis, venulis obscuris laxe

reticularis, arete adpresso-serrata; inflorescentiae axillares e basi

ramosae vix in statu fructifero ultra 1.5 cm. longae pauciflorae,

floribus breviter crasseque pedicellatis; calyx sub fructu persistens

3.5 mm. latus patens profunde lobatus, lobis late ovatis apice ro-

tundatis et apiculatis; capsula ca. 8 mm. longa viridis rugulosa, post

dehiscentiam in valvulas 4 apice rotundatas soluta; semina ovalia

brunnea. — Panama: Near summit of Volcan de Chiriqui, Boquete

District, Prov. Chiriqui, alt. 3,360 meters, February 12, 1940, M. E.

Terry 1309 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

154 Field Museum of Natural History— Botany, Vol. 22

Probably this is an addition to the rather small number of species

known to be localized about the summit of the Volcano of Chiriqui.

Like most species of the genus, it has no outstanding characters,

but it does not agree closely enough with any of the named species

with which it has been compared.

ICACINACEAE

Oecopetalum Greenmanii Standi. & Steyerm., sp. nov. —

Arbor, ramulis ut videtur viridibus teretibus ad nodos aliquanto

incrassatis glabris; folia majuscula breviter petiolata subcoriacea,

petiolo crasso 0.8-1.5 cm. longo canaliculato glabro vel primo sparse

sericeo; lamina oblonga, elliptico-oblonga vel interdum lanceolato-

oblonga 14-20 cm. longa 3.5-8 cm. lata acuta vel subacuminata, basi

obtusa et subito breviterque contracta, supra in sicco sublucida

glabra, costa nervisque prominulis, venis manifestis et laxe reticu-

lars, subtus in sicco fere concolor saltern in statu adulto glabra,

costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere 8-10 promi-

nentibus tenerrimis angulo lato abeuntibus prope marginem arcuato-

junctis, venis inconspicuis prominulis laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia

terminalis vel saepius axillaris cymosa dichotoma et repetite ramosa

densiuscule multiflora breviter vel longe crasseque pedunculata

usque 5 cm. longa atque 6 cm. lata, in statu fructifero usque 9 cm.

longa, pedunculo ramisque sparse vel dense sericeis, floribus sessilibus

dense aggregatis albis, bracteis omnibus minutis pallidis subulatis

vel lanceolatis; calyx in anthesi 1.5-2 mm. longus, lobis erectis ovatis

acutis minute sericeis 0.7-1 mm. longis, in statu fructifero persisten-

tibus, lobis late lanceolatis 5.5-6.5 mm. longis inferne 3 mm. latis;

corolla in alabastro obtusissima, petalis 5 liguliformibus 5-5.5 mm.

longis 1.5-1.6 mm. latis apice rotundatis, extus minute sericeis,

intus longitrorsum carinatis et ad carinam pilosulis, marginibus

incurvis; antherae anguste oblongae 4 mm. longae 1 mm. latae

erectae, filamentis 1.2 mm., longis 0.5 mm. latis; ovarium superum

conicum 1-loculare 1 mm. longum 0.75 mm. latum; ovulum 1 ex

apice loculi pendulum, stylo 3.5 mm. longo glabro, stigmate non

dilatato obtuso; fructus capsularis indehiscens 1-locularis mono-

spermus, pericarpio brunnescente ruguloso, ambitu depresso-ovoideo-

globosus et aliquanto obliquus bicarinatus et secus carinam sub-

compressus glaber, apice late rotundatus et breviter rostratus, rostro

1.5 mm. longo. — Guatemala: Dept. Izabal, Rio Dulce, 2-A miles

west of Livingston, on south side (left-hand side going up the river),

at sea level, April 16, 1940, Julian A. Steyermark 39516 (type in

Herb. Field Mus.).

Studies of American Plants— XI 155

The genus Oecopetalum Greenm. & Thompson was published and

illustrated in 1914 (Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 1: 408. pi. 25), being

based upon Purpus 6159, from the Sierra Madre near Miscantla,

Veracruz, Mexico. Until the present time a single species has been

known, and the fruit never has been described. The original species,

0. mexicanum Greenm. & Thompson, has been collected also in

western Guatemala: Dept. Quezaltenango, Volcan de Zunil, in

virgin forest, alt. 1,740 meters, August, 1934, Skutch 954; a tree of

12 meters, the trunk 30 cm. in diameter; flowers white. Dept.

Suchitepequez, in forest, Finca Moca, alt. 1,140 meters, January,

1935, Skutch 2080; a tree of 18 meters, the trunk 30 cm. in diameter,

slender, smooth, brown; flowers white, fragrant.

The most recent collection of the genus comes from a region

floristically distinct from those in which O. mexicanum has been

collected, and would be expected to represent a different species.

Careful study shows that such is the case. O. Greenmanii differs

from O. mexicanum in the following respects: petals sericeous rather

than glabrous outside, only 5-5.5 mm. long (6.5-7.5 mm. in O. mexi-

canum); shorter filaments, 1.2 mm. rather than 2 mm. in length;

leaves with 8-10 rather than 4-6 pairs of lateral nerves. The flowers

of O. Greenmanii are decidedly smaller; the leaves average smaller,

and are almost concolorous, those of O. mexicanum being much paler

beneath in the dry state. It may be stated, however, that fresh

leaves of O. Greenmanii are paler on the under surface, although

this does not show in dried specimens.

The species is named quite appropriately for Dr. J. M. Greenman,

one of the co-authors of the genus Oecopetalum.

SAPINDACEAE

Paullinia Mexiae Steyermark, sp. nov. — Planta volubilis,

ramulis teretiusculis, striatis; foliis pinnatis, 5-foliolatis, petiolo

gracili 2.5-4 cm. longo glabro exalato, rhachi 2-2.5 cm. longa glabra

exalata; foliolis membranaceis, utrinque viridibus, 8-10 cm. longis,

2.5-4 cm. latis, glabris, remote et grosse dentatis, crenaturis utroque

latere 3 vel 4, lanceolatis, oblongo-lanceolatis vel elliptico-lanceolatis,

obtusis, nervis adscendentibus, 7-8-jugis, foliolis superioribus 3

sessilibus, foliolis inferioribus 2 ad 3 mm. longe petiolulatis, foliolo

terminali basi cuneato vel attenuato-decurrente, foliolis ceteris basi

plerumque rotundatis vel obtusis; inflorescentiis racemoso-thyr-

soideis, 6.5-9 cm. longis, bracteis et bracteolis minimis; pedicellis

2-4 mm. longis, minute puberulis, valde inaequalibus; floribus albis;

156 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

sepalis glabris vel interioribus minute sericeis, pallido-viridibus,

3.5-4 mm. longis, obtusis; petalis albis, 4 mm. longis, oblongis,

obtusis; fructus non visus. — Mexico: Temisco, Barranco de la

Guacamaya, Sierra Madre del Sur, north of Rio Balsas, Distrito

Adama, Guerrero, November 19, 1937, Ynes Mexia 8855 (type in

Herb. Field Mus.).

This species of Paullinia is related to P. costata Schl. & Cham.,

from which it is distinguished chiefly by its toothed leaflets.

RHAMNACEAE

Crumenaria Steyermarkii Standi., sp. nov. — Herba annua

debilis ramosa erecta vel adscendens usque 30 cm. alta, ramis

gracillimis subangulatis sparse pilis brevibus subadpressis hispidulis,

internodiis plerumque foliis longioribus; stipulae lineares sparse

ciliatae petiolo aequilongae; folia parva alterna breviter petiolata

herbacea, petiolo gracili 2-4 mm. longo sparse incurvo-pilosulo vel

fere glabro; lamina ovata vel oblongo-ovata 10-15 mm. longa 5-10

mm. lata acuminata usque obtusa, basi rotundata, integra vel basin

versus obscure adpresso-crenata, supra glabra, subtus sparse ad

costam nervosque adpresso-hispidula, e basi 5-nervia, costa utroque

latere supra medium nervos 3 emittente; pedunculi axillares fili-

formes 1-2-flori foliis longiores glabri, floribus ad apicem sessilibus

vel brevissime pedicellatis albis; calyx petaloideus 1.75-2.5 mm.

longus, tubo turbinato-campanulato olivaceo 1-1.5 mm. longo,

lobis 5 petaloideis albis ovatis subito acuminatis 0.8-1.2 mm. longis

0.7-0.8 mm. latis membranaceis; petala 5 minuta in sinubus inter

calycis lobos inserta albida erecta tenuiter membranacea ovato-

elliptica 0.6-0.7 mm. longa, marginibus incurvis; stamina petalis

opposita 5 longitudine petala aequantia, filamentis filiformibus albis

0.3-0.4 mm. longis, in sinubus inter calycis lobos inserta, antheris

0.2 mm. longis fulvis versatilibus late oblongis; ovarium viridescens

3-loculare, ovulo in quoque loculo 1 loculum omnino implente;

stylus brevis, stigmatibus 3; ovarii basis basi tubi calycini paullo

adnata; fructus obovoideus trilobus ca. 5 mm. longus et 4 mm.

latus apice lato breviter emarginatus, basi angustatus et brevissime

emarginatus, pilis brevibus albidis crassis et fere verruculiformibus

sat dense conspersus. — Guatemala: In shade of trees in wooded

section of llanos, Dept. Jutiapa, along railroad between Agua Blanca

and Amatillo, alt. 950-990 meters, October 24, 1939, Julian A.

Steyermark 30448 (type in Herb. Field Mus.). Dept. Chiquimula,

grassy slope of Mount Tojas, near village of Sasmo, alt. 420-520

meters, October, 1939, Steyermark 30217.

Studies of American Plants — XI 157

If one were asked to guess what genus of South American plants

previously unreported from North America were to be found next

in Central America, few would be less likely to be mentioned than

Crumenaria. The plant here described, however, is clearly a member

of this small genus, as was determined by Dr. Steyermark after

careful dissection and study of the flowers. Of Crumenaria there

have been known heretofore half a dozen species, ranging from

Minas Geraes, Brazil, southward into Paraguay and Argentina.

Most of them are suffrutescent, leafless plants, somewhat suggestive

in habit of Ephedra, but others are wholly herbaceous and have well

developed leaves. Of the Brazilian species the one most similar in

general appearance to C. Steyermarkii is C. Glaziovii Urban, a densely

branched perennial with somewhat woody base.

TILIACEAE

Mortoniodendron guatemalense Standi. & Steyerm., sp. nov.

— Arbor gracilis parva, ramulis gracilentibus, teretibus, fere glabris

vel terminalibus juvenilibus parce stellato-pubescentibus, internodiis

1-2 cm. longis; foliis distichis; petiolis 5-10 mm. longis, minute et

parce stellato-pubescentibus; limbo oblongo-elliptico vel oblongo-

lanceolato, 8-15 cm. longo, 2-5 cm. lato, abrupte longe acuminato,

acumine subacuto, basi paullo inaequali, subacuto vel obtuso,

integro, membranaceo, utrinque viridi, concolore, supra praeter

costam mediam parce stellato-pubescentem glabro, subtus pagina

plerumque glabro, nervis et costa media glabris vel parce stellato-

pubescentibus, basi trinervio, nervis lateralibus 6-7-jugis adscen-

dentibus; floribus paucis, cymosis, cymis 4.5-7 cm. longis, ramulis

ochroleucis minute et dense pilis adpressis stellato-pubescentibus,

pedicellis 4-12 mm. longis; sepalis 5, ovatis, 8-10 mm. longis, 4 mm.

latis, acutis, crassis, ochroleucis, extus dense stellato-pubescentibus,

intus glabris; petalis 5, sepalis paullo brevioribus, ovatis vel ovato-

lanceolatis, acutis vel acuminatis, glabris, 5-8 mm. longis, 3-3.5 mm.

latis; staminibus numerosis, congestis, glabris, inaequalibus, fascicu-

latis, exterioribus brevissimis, petalis oppositis; ovario dense stellato-

pubescente, superne angustato; stylo 4 mm. longo; fructus non

visus. — Guatemala: Limestone soil, bank of Rio Dulce, July 21,

1936, W. R. Hatch & C. L. Wilson 54 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Damp ravine, Finca Alsacia, Los Amates, alt. 360 meters, July 17,

1936, Hatch & Wilson 43.

Mortoniodendron guatemalense is distinguished by its com-

bination of thinly membranaceous, mostly glabrous leaves and

appressed, minute, stellate pubescence of pedicels, petioles, sepals,

158 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

and young branches. As in M. membranaceum, the leaves are

thin, but the two differ in the amount and kind of pubescence, that

in M. membranaceum consisting of conspicuous, loose, spreading,

relatively long, stellate hairs, especially on young branches, petioles,

pedicels, and sepals, while that of M. guatemalense is shorter and

more appressed. Also, in M. membranaceum there are many con-

spicuous, small, hairy tufts or fascicles of stellate hairs on the lower

surface of the leaves, especially along the midrib and lateral nerves,

whereas in M. guatemalense the lower surface is practically smooth.

Mortoniodendron guatemalense differs from M. anisophyllum

chiefly in its membranaceous instead of subcoriaceous leaves, which

are of a narrowly elliptic- or oblong-lanceolate instead of ovate

shape.

Mortoniodendron membranaceum Standi. & Steyerm., sp.

nov. — Arbor gracilis 4.5 m. alta; ramulis gracilentibus, teretibus,

ochraceis vel fulvis vel terminalibus juvenilibus viridibus, laxe

stellato-pubescentibus, pilis albo-luteis patentibus, internodiis 0.8-5

cm. longis; foliis distichis, petiolis 3-5 mm. longis teretibus, dense

stellato-pubescentibus, pilis patentibus; limbo elliptico-oblongo, ob-

longo vel oblongo-lanceolato, 4-11.5 cm. longo, 2-4 cm. lato, plerum-

que abrupte longiacuminato, acumine obtusiusculo, basi valde

inaequali obtuso vel subrotundato, integro, membranaceo, utrinque

viridi, concolore, supra praeter nervos parce pubescentes glabro,

subtus praeter nervos et axillas nervorum sparse stellato-pubescentes

glabro, basi trinervio, nervis lateralibus 5-7 divaricato-adscendenti-

bus; floribus paucis, cymosis, cymis 2-4 cm. longis, ramulis dense

stellato-pubescentibus, pilis luteis patentibus, pedicellis crassis 5-8

mm. longis; sepalis 5, late lanceolatis, 8-9 mm. longis, 4-5 mm.

latis, acutis, valde crassis gummosisque, lacteo-luteis, extus dense

stellato-pubescentibus, intus glabris; petalis 5, sepalis paullo bre-

vioribus, lanceolatis, acutis, glabris, 5-6 mm. longis, 2.5 mm. latis;

staminibus numerosis, congestis, glabris, inaequalibus, fasciculatis,

exterioribus brevissimis, interioribus longissimis, petalis oppositis;

ovario dense stellato-pubescente, superne angustato; stylo 2-2.5

mm. longo, glabro, simplici, antheras paullo excedente; stigmate

simplici subcapitellato; fructus non visus. — Honduras: Dept. At-

lantida, a tree about 4.5 meters tall, in moist ravine, mountain

slope near Puente Alto stop on S. F. Co. R. R., east of La Ceiba,

alt. 240 meters, July 19, 1938, T. G. Yuncker, J. M. Koepper & K. A.

Wagner 8519 (type in Herb. Field Mus.). In open forest on moun-

tain slope back of Roma switch of the S. F. Co. R. R., about 15

Studies of American Plants — XI 159

miles east of La Ceiba, alt. 300 meters, July 21, 1938, Yuncker,

Koepper & Wagner 8579. Bank of Danto River, slopes of Mt.

Cangrejal, alt. 240 meters, July 16, 1938, Yuncker, Koepper &

Wagner 8479.

The discovery of a second species of Mortoniodendron in July,

1938, followed within a few months the original publication of the

genus. This second species, M. membranaceum, agrees in all funda-

mental generic characters with Mortoniodendron, and at the same

time exhibits numerous specific deviations from M. anisophyllum.

The branches, petioles, and pedicels of M. membranaceum are densely

stellate-pubescent, its leaves are thinly membranaceous instead of

subcoriaceous, and the lower surface is provided along the midrib

and lateral nerves with numerous tiny hairy tufts. Further, the

petioles and leaves in M . membranaceum are much shorter, and the

hairs on the outside of the sepals are much longer and more conspicu-

ous than in M. anisophyllum.

THEACEAE

Eurya pan a men sis Standi, in Woodson & Seibert, Ann. Mo.

Bot. Gard. 25: 829. 1938.— The type is Gene & Peggy White 16

from the valley of the upper Rio Chiriqui Viejo, Province of Chiriqui,

Panama. Two more recent collections are now at hand: Panama:

Vicinity of Casita Alta, Volcan de Chiriqui, alt. 1,500-2,000 meters,

Woodson, Allen & Seibert 791 ; a tree of 8 meters, the flowers yellow.

Volcan de Chiriqui, alt. 2,700 meters, M. E. Terry 1350; a tree of

4.5-6 meters.

GUTTIFERAE

Clusia dichrophylla Standi., sp. nov. — Arbuscula 3-4.5 m.

alta omnino glabra, ramulis gracilibus teretibus ochraceis vel brun-

nescentibus fere laevibus, internodiis brevibus; folia inter minora

petiolata in sicco membranacea, petiolo gracili 1-2 cm. longo anguste

canaliculato; lamina elliptica vel elliptico-ovata 8-13.5 cm. longa

4-6 cm. lata subito acuminata vel longiacuminata, basi acuta usque

subrotundata, supra in sicco lucida olivacea, costa tenera elevata,

nervis lateralibus tenerrimis prominulis, subtus pallidior, costa

tenera prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 30 vel ultra

tenerrimis prominulis fere rectis approximatis aliquanto irregularibus

juxta marginem in nervum irregularem collectivum junctis; inflores-

centia terminalis parva brevissime crasseque pedunculata ut videtur

triflora, floribus breviter crasse pedicellatis vel fere sessilibus;

bracteae parvae late rotundatae vix ultra 3 mm. longae; sepala

inaequalia orbicularia, interioribus in alabastro 6-7 mm. longis vel

160 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

ultra, exterioribus minoribus. — Panama: Rain forest, crest of Cana-

Cuasi trail, Chepigana District, Prov. Darien, alt. 1,500 meters,

March 15, 1940, M.E. & R. A. Terry 1565 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

There seems to be no end to the species of Clusia growing in

Central America, the foliage showing great variation in almost

every direction, so that often it is difficult to determine where

specific limits should be drawn. There is great probability that

ampler material will necessitate the reduction of some species

described from the region, but there is equal probability that further

species will be found for description. The species here described

appears to be a valid one, isolated by the somewhat distinctive

form of the unusually thin leaves, which are distinctly paler beneath,

and have very numerous, fine, closely parallel nerves.

Hypericum Steyermarkii Standi., sp. nov. — Arbor 6-9-metralis

omnino glabra, ramis teretibus brunneis vel brunnescentibus sub-

nodulosis, internodiis ca. 1 cm. longis; folia majuscula sessilia

membranacea dense pellucido-punctata oblongo-ovata usque lanceo-

lato-oblonga 3-6.5 cm. longa 1-2.2 cm. lata, superiora quam aliis

paullo latiora, acuta et apiculata, basi obtuso-cuneata et ima basi

breviter auriculata, supra viridia sublucida, nervis prominulis, subtus

pallidiora sparse nigro-punctata, costa tenera prominente, nervis

venisque obscuris laxe reticulatis; flores pauci magni terminales

fasciculati vulgo 3 vel 4, pedicellis 1-2 cm. longis crassiusculis in-

terdum curvis; sepala ovali-ovata 5-6 mm. longa acuta viridia secus

marginem et ad apicem glandulis parvis nigris notata; petala intense

lutea persistentia et firma ca. 2 cm. longa multilineata post anthesin

erecta obovata apice rotundata prope apicem paucipunctata;

stamina numerosa basi breviter connata, in phalanges 5 aggregata,

petalis fere duplo breviora, antheris vix 0.6 mm. longis; styli 5

distincta; capsula ovoidea 14 mm. longa basi 1 cm. lata subobtusa

5-locularis; semina numerosa oblonga 2-2.5 mm. longa pallide

brunnea utrinque abrupte contracta minute reticulata. — Guatemala:

Dept. Quezaltenango, Volcan de Santo Tomas, alt. 2,500-3,700

meters, January 22, 1940, Julian A. Steyermark 34760 (type in

Herb. Field Mus.).

During the past few years many well marked new species have

been discovered in Central America, but none more striking than

this, or less expected. Hypericum Steyermarkii has no close allies

in either Mexico or Central America.

Tovomita membranifolia Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex 2-3-

metralis, ut videtur dense ramosus glaber, ramis gracillimis teretibus

Studies of American Plants— XI 161

viridescentibus laevibus, internodiis elongatis; folia parva prope

apices ramorum aggregata et interdum subverticillata breviter

petiolata tenuiter membranacea, petiolo gracili ca. 7 mm. longo;

lamina lanceolato-oblonga vel anguste elliptico-oblonga 6-9.5 cm.

longa 2-3.5 cm. lata acuminata, apice ipso obtuso, basi acuta,

supra in sicco opaca olivacea, costa tenerrima prominente, nervis

venisque obscuris, subtus multo pallidior sublucida, costa tenera

prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 12 irregularibus

tenerrimis angulo latiusculo abeuntibus leviter arcuatis juxta

marginem junctis obscuris, venis vix prominulis laxe reticularis;

fructus (unus apertus tan turn visus) ca. 1 cm. longe pedicellatus,

valvis 4 elliptico-oblongis 2 cm. longis 9 mm. latis apiculatis intus

nervosis. — Panama: Cana-Cuasi trail, Camp 2, Chepigana District,

Prov. Darien, alt. 600 meters, March 10, 1940, M.E.& R.A. Terry

1478 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Only two other species of Tovomita are recorded for Central

America. The plant here described is not similar to either of them,

but habitally it bears some resemblance to certain South American

ones, although not agreeing wholly with any of them.

MELASTOMACEAE

Conostegia sororia Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex 3-4.5 m. altus,

ramulis teretibus longitrorsum striatis, novellis dense furfuraceo-

stellatis atque sparse hispidis, internodiis superioribus brevibus vel

elongatis; folia modica petiolata crasse membranacea, petiolo crassi-

usculo 1.3-2.8 cm. longo dense tuberculato-stellato-tomentello et

saltern supra breviter hispido; lamina late obovata usque oblongo-

obovata 9.5-18.5 cm. longa 5.5-8 cm. lata, apice acuta vel obtusa

et longe caudata, acumine lineari 1.5-2 cm. longo, basin versus paullo

arcuato-cuneata, basi ipsa obtusa, supra in sicco viridis glabra, costa

subimpressa, nervis planis, subtus pallidior, ad nervos venasque

sparse minute stellato-puberula et ad costam hinc inde hirsuta,

5-nervia, nervis extimis tenerrimis, margine integro vel obscure

undulato-denticulato; inflorescentia terminalis parva crasse 5 cm.

longe pedunculata ca. 4 cm. longa et 3 cm. lata thyrsiformi-panicu-

lata dense subpauciflora, ramis brevibus dense stellato-tomentellis,

pedicellis vix ultra 3 mm. longis interdum nullis crassiusculis; fructus

ut videtur fere maturus hemisphaerico-globosus 5-6 mm. diam.

minute adpresse stellato-puberulus, basi persistente calycis 5 mm.

lata vix ad 2 mm. alta. — Panama: Cana-Cuasi trail, Camp 1, Che-

pigana District, Prov. Darien, alt. 240 meters, March 7, 1940, M.E. &

R. A. Terry 1414 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

162 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

The nearest relative of Conostegia sororia is C. puberula Cogn., of

Panama and Costa Rica. In that the leaves are 5-plinerved and the

calyx tube is consistently constricted or narrowed at the base, rather

than broadly rounded, as in the plant here described. There are

also appreciable differences in the pubescence of the two species.

Topobea pluvialis Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex 2.5-3.5 m. altus

fere glaber, ramis teretibus ochraceis saepe inter nodos fistuloso-

incrassatis et duplo crassioribus, novellis in sicco fuscis sparse min-

uteque puberulis; folia subaequalia modica breviter petiolata crasse

membranacea, petiolo gracili 1.3-2 cm. longo primo minute furfur-

aceo-puberula cito glabrato; lamina anguste elliptico-oblonga usque

ovali-elliptica vulgo 10-17 cm. longa et 5-8 cm. lata, apice acuta ad

subrotundata et caudata vel caudato-acuminata, acumine angusto

usque 1.5 cm. longo, basi acuta vel obtusa, integra, supra in sicco

fusca sublucida, primo ut videtur sparse et minutissime furfuraceo-

puberula, cito glabra, nervis venisque subimpressis, subtus paullo

pallidior brunnescens, primo minute ad nervos puberula, in statu

adulto glabra, 5-plinervia, nervis teneris prominentibus, venis nu-

merosissimis creberrimis tenerrimis subimpressis; flores in axillis

foliorum fasciculati pauci, pedicellis 10-17 mm. longis minute puber-

ulis vel fere glabris; bracteae basi breviter coalitae ovatae vel late

ovatae ca. 7 mm. longae calyce fere duplo breviores acuminatae

minute puberulae vel glabrae; calycis tubus semiglobosus 4-5 mm.

longus basi late rotundatus glaber, limbo late campanulato ca. 4 mm.

alto et 8 mm. lato glabro truncate, dentibus minutis remotis; petala

alba elliptica ca. 1 cm. longa glabra. — Panama: Rain forest, crest of

Cana-Cuasi trail, Chepigana District, Prov. Dari&i, alt. 1,200

meters, March 15, 1940, M.E. & R. A. Terry 1560 (type in Herb.

Field Mus.). Same region, alt. 1,650 meters, March 15, 1940, M.

E. & R. A. Terry 1557.

The relationship is clearly with Topobea inflata Triana, whose

type was collected between Barbacoas and Tuquerres, Colombia.

Both agree in having elongate, fusiform swellings of the branches

between the nodes, presumably shelters for ants, but these swellings

are much more developed in the Colombian species. T. inflata has

3-nerved leaves, while those of T. pluvialis are 5-plinerved.

Topobea urophylla Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex ut dicitur aut

scandens et epiphyticus vel terrestris et 2.5-3.5 m. altus, ramis

teretibus aliquanto nodosis brunnescentibus elevato-lenticellatis,

primo dense minuteque stellato-furfuraceo-tomentellis, glabrescen-

tibus, ad nodos saepe breviter setosis, internodiis brevibus vel

Studies of American Plants— XI 163

elongatis; folia subaequalia modica vel magna petiolata rigide

membranacea vel fere subcoriacea, lamina elliptica, ovato-elliptica

vel latissime elliptica plerumque 10-17 cm. longa et 5-9.5 cm. lata,

apice acuta usque rotundata et subito caudato-acuminata, acumine

angusto 1-1.5 cm. longo, basi subacuta usque rotundata, supra in

sicco fusca glabra, nervis venisque planis, subtus vix pallidiore

brunnescente ad nervos furfuraceo-stellato-puberula, aliter fere

glabra, 5-nervia, nervis teneris prominentibus; flores numerosi vel

pauci in axillis foliorum fasciculati, pedicellis crassis 4-8 mm. longis

dense stellato-furfuraceis; bracteae latae basi breviter connatae ca.

7 mm. longae et calyce duplo breviores extus sparse minute stellato-

puberulae vel glabratae, apice rotundato breviter recurvo; calycis

tubus subglobosus 6-8 mm. longus minute stellato-furfuraceus, limbo

late campanulato ca. 7 mm. long, et 10 mm. lato extus dense stellato-

furfuraceo fere ad medium 6-lobato, lobis approximatis obtusis sub-

erectis; petala pallide rosea extus stellato-tomentosa ca. 1 cm. longa

intus glabra apice obtusissima; antherae oblongae ca. 3 mm. longae

glabrae; ovarium fere ad basin liberum glabrum. — Panama: Rio

Balsa, above Tucuti, Chepigana District, Prov. Darien, near sea

level, March 6, 1940, M. E. & R. A. Terry 1411 (type in Herb. Field

Mus.). Cana-Cuasi trail, Chepigana District, alt. 1,200 meters,

March 12, 1940, M. E. & R. A. Terry 1517.

In Cogniaux's account of the genus (in DC. Monogr. Phan. 7:

1082. 1891) this would run in the key to either Topobea ciliata Cogn.

of Ecuador or T. Watsonii Cogn., of the Rio Chocon, Guatemala.

It is not likely to be confused with either of those species.

MYRSINACEAE

Parathesis hondurensis Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex 1.5 m. altus,

ramis crassiusculis teretibus fusco-ochraceis, novellis dense furfu-

raceo-puberulis, internodiis plerumque brevibus; folia modica breviter

petiolata subcoriacea, petiolo crasso 6-12 mm. longo ferrugineo-

puberulo; lamina lanceolato-oblonga vel elliptico-oblonga 7.5-13 cm.

longa 3.5-4.5 cm. lata acuminata vel longiacuminata, basin versus

subabrupte contracta et cuneato-angustata, in toto margine crebre

undulato-dentata, supra in sicco fuscescens glabra, nervis subim-

pressis, subtus brunnescenti-viridis, primo ferrugineo-subtomentosa

cito glabrescens, in statu adulto fere glabra, costa tenera elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 19 teneris prominentibus angulo

latiusculo adscendentibus versus marginem obscuris et arcuato-

junctis, venis plerumque obsoletis; inflorescentia terminalis laxe

multiflora umbellato-paniculata thyrsiformis bipinnatim ramosa

164 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

breviter pedunculata 8-12 cm. longa usque 5 cm. lata, ramis crassi-

usculis ferrugineo-tomentulosis vel glabratis, ramis primariis brevibus

divaricatis, floribus umbellatis, pedicellis usque 7 mm. longis, brac-

teis minutis oblongis vel fere subulatis ciliolatis; fructus globosus

6-7 mm. diam. basi et apice late rotundatus glaber. — Honduras:

Tegucigalpa, Montana de la Flor, alt. 960 meters, pine and oak

region near river, December, 1937, Christine & Wolfgang von Hagen

1240 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

The local name is reported as Uva.

Weigeltia panamensis Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex simplex 60-

120 cm. altus, caule subtereti 1.5 cm. crasso vel paullo ultra apice

dense foliato sordido-ochraceo; folia inter maxima ut videtur verti-

cillata petiolata subcoriacea, petiolo crassiusculo ca. 12 cm. longo

sparse sordido-villosulo vel fere glabra; lamina late oblongo-obovata

ca. 45 cm. longa et 21 cm. lata, apice late rotundata et retusa vel

apiculata, basi acuta, supra in sicco fuscescens glabra, costa sub-

prominente, nervis prominulis, subtus fere concolor fere glabra sed

sparse hinc inde sordido-puberula, costa crassiuscula prominente,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 18 teneris prominentibus angulo

lato adscendentibus leviter arcuatis in marginem desinentibus, venis

prominentibus laxe reticulatis; paniculae numerosae petiolis sub-

aequilongae usque 13 cm. longae breviter pedunculatae dense multi-

florae bipinnatim ramosae, ramis subfastigiatis minute puberulis

in sicco fuscis, pedicellis brevibus vel nullis; floras 4-meri 3 mm. lati,

petalis patentibus ovato-oblongis acutiusculis extus minute puberu-

lis; sepala minuta vix 0.4 mm. longa acuta; antherae globosae min-

utae. — Panama: Rain forest, Cana-Cuasi trail, Camp 2, Chepigana

District, Prov. Darien, alt. 600 meters, March 10, 1940, M. E. &

R. A. Terry 1490 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

"Flowers crimson." The genus Weigeltia appears to be new to

the North American flora. The Panama species is obviously related

to W. simplex (Hook, f .) Mez of Ecuador and W. Goudotiana Mez of

Colombia (see Pflanzenreich IV. 236: 290. /. U8. 1904), closely re-

sembling Mez's illustration of the latter species. In W. Goudotiana

the leaves are acute or acuminate and the inflorescences equal or

even exceed the leaves.

SAPOTACEAE

Bumelia obovata (Lam.) A. DC. in DC. Prodr. 8: 191. 1844.

Sideroxylon obovatum Lam. Illustr. 2: 42. 1793. Jacquinia petiolata

J. R. Johnston, Proc. Amer. Acad. 40: 693. 1905.

Studies of American Plants— XI 165

Jacquinia petiolata was based upon Johnston 273 from Margarita

Island, Venezuela. The species of Bumelia from the north coast of

South America are poorly understood and in need of revision. It

may be that the Margarita plant is specifically distinct from the

common West Indian Bumelia obovata, but it is at least very closely

allied with it.

Manilkara Williamsii Standi., sp. nov. — Arbor 20-30-metralis

glabra vel glabrata, ramulis crassis solemniter nodosis ochraceis

longitrorsum rugosis, internodiis brevissimis; folia versus apicem

rami dense inserta petiolata coriacea in sicco brunnescentia, petiolo

gracili 1.5-4.5 cm. longo; lamina cuneato-obovata 7-12.5 cm. longa

4-7 cm. lata, apice latissime rotundata et retusa, basin versus fere

ab apice cuneato-angustata, basi ipsa acuta, supra in sicco opaca,

costa anguste profundeque impressa, nervis venisque obsoletis, sub-

tus intensius brunnea, costa valde elevata, nervis fere occultis utroque

latere ca. 14 rectis angulo lato divergentibus; flores (in alabastris

tan turn visi) in axillis dense aggregati, pedicellis crassis 4-5 mm.

longis, alabastris oblongo-ovoideis 3-4 mm. longis obtusis. — Vene-

zuela: Guayapo, Bajo Caura, Estado de Bolivar, alt. 100 meters,

April 18, 1939, Llewelyn Williams 11860 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Regarding this tree, noteworthy in the genus for its cuneate

leaves, Mr. Williams' notes are as follows: "Local name, Purguo. A

tree of 20-30 meters or more, the crown spreading, with thick

branches; trunk round and usually erect, 80-150 cm. in diameter,

without branches for more than half its height and with 3 or more

short, thick buttresses; bark reddish brown, scaly, deeply fissured,

similar to that of some oaks, 2.5 cm. thick, the inner bark paler;

sapwood thin, pale, the heartwood thick, varying from pinkish to

dark red, susceptible to the attacks of insects. The flowers are said

to be pale yellow, and the fruit to have edible pulp. The bark exudes

an abundant, sticky latex, the balata of commerce. The heartwood

is highly valued for house frames and other similar purposes. The

tree is found in low ground that is not very wet, and also in the high

forests that are not flooded. The tree is said to grow in abundance

in the mountains of Nichare, Icuta, Tres Picos, below Salto de Para,

and in the vicinity of Cano de Pablo and Erevato."

EBENACEAE

Diospyros Johnstoniana Standi. & Steyerm., sp. nov. — Arbor

7.5 m. alta ramosa, ramulis gracilibus brunnescentibus vel fusco-

ochraceis teretibus lenticellatis densiuscule foliatis, internodiis

plerumque brevibus sparse patule hispidulis ; folia parva petiolata mem-

166 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

branacea, petiolo 4-7 mm. longo hispidulo; lamina cuneato-obovato-

oblonga ad oblanceolato-oblonga 3.5-5.5 cm. longa 1.5-2.5 cm. lata

apice late rotundata usque obtusa, basin versus longiuscule cuneato-

angustata, supra in sicco fuscescens glabra vel glabrata, costa sub-

impressa, nervis non elevatis, subtus concolor sparse praesertim ad

costam nervosque hirtella vel glabrata, costa tenera prominente,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 5 tenerrimis angulo semirecto

adscendentibus fere rectis prope marginem irregulariter conjunctis,

venis obscuris; calyx usque 1.5 cm. latus breviter 3-4-lobatus sparse

extus hispidulus; fructus depresso-globosus viridis glaber ca. 3 cm.

latus apice late rotundatus; semina aliquanto compressa fusco-

brunnea 14 mm. longa 7 mm. lata, marginibus acutis. — Guatemala:

Damp ravine along Rio Guacalate, near Pastores, Dept. Sacate-

p£quez, alt. 1,600 meters, December 14, 1938, Paul C. Standley 59934

(type in Herb. Field Mus.).

The species is referable to the genus Maba, if that be maintained

as distinct from Diospyros. It is named for Dr. J. R. Johnston, in

whose company the type was collected.

STYRACACEAE

Styrax longifolius Standi., sp. nov. — Arbor 4-6-metralis, ramis

crassiusculis ferrugineis longitrorsum rimosis primo dense minute

stellato-tomentellis; folia magna breviter petiolata subcoriacea,

petiolo crasso 1-1.5 cm. longo minute stellato-tomentello; lamina

elliptico-oblonga 14-26 cm. longa 6-11 cm. lata subito anguste cau-

dato-acuminata, basi obtusa, supra in sicco fusca sublucida glabra,

costa nervisque plus minusve impressis, venis planis, subtus pallida

fusco-grisea ubique nervis venisque exceptis tomento minutissimo

arete adpresso fulvido obtecta, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere ca. 11 subarcuatis prominentibus teneris angulo semi-

recto vel paullo latiore adscendentibus, venulis prominentibus laxe

reticulatis, nervis costaque glabratis; inflorescentiae racemiformes

in axillis vel ad nodos defoliatos dense aggregatae ad 9 cm. longae

laxe pauciflorae, ramis et pedicellis tomento brevi ferrugineo stellato

obtectis, pedicellis usque 13 mm. longis; calyx campanulatus ca.

6 mm. altus et 5 mm. latus fere truncatus, margine undulato, tomento

minuto denso stellato fulvido obsitus; corolla 1.5 cm. longa extus

dense adpresso-stellato-tomentella, lobis lineari-oblongis obtusis

3 mm. latis; ovarium dense stellato-tomentellum, stylo filiformi

glabro 14 mm. longo; antherae dense pilosae. — Peru: On river

bank, Gamitanacocha, Rio Mazan, Dept. Loreto, alt. 100-125

meters, January 17, 1935, a tree 6 meters high, the trunk about

Studies of American Plants— XI 167

6 cm. in diameter, the flowers yellowish white, Josi M. Schunke 61

(type in Herb. Field Mus.). Balsapuerto, Dept. Loreto, alt. 220

meters, in forest, flowers white, June, 1933, G. Klug 3110.

The species is noteworthy in having leaves much larger than those

of most other species of the genus.

HYDROPHYLLACEAE

Nama Bartlettii Standi., sp. nov. — Herba erecta ut videtur

annua ramosa ca. 30 cm. alta, caulibus e basi pluribus sparse ramosis

sat dense pilis gracillimis patulo-pilosis dense foliatis ubique late

bialatis, alis ca. 2 mm. latis; folia sessilia membranacea anguste

oblongo-oblanceolata vel spathulato-oblanceolata plerumque 2.5-

5.5 cm. longa et 6-12 mm. lata, apice rotundata ad subacuta, basin

versus sensim attenuata et longe decurrentia, supra laete viridia

sparse hirsuta et densiuscule viscido-pilosula, subtus paullo pallidiora

dense patulo-pilosa et glandulosa; inflorescentiae ex axillis superiori-

bus nascentes plerumque 3-5-florae, plus minusve corymbiforme

dispositae graciliter pedunculatae, pedicellis plerumque 2-7 mm.

longis; sepala fere libera lanceolato-linearia viridia hirsuta et glandu-

loso-pilosula acuta, ad anthesin 5 mm. longa, in statu fructifero

usque 9 mm. longa; corolla pallide purpurea ca. 8 mm. longa extus

sparse pilosula, lobis latis brevibus; capsula oblonga 4 mm. longa

obtusa minute sparseque adpresso-pilosula, stylis 3 mm. longis;

semina ca. 30 et 0.8 mm. longa grosse reticulata. — Mexico: La

Morita, vicinity of Marmolejo, Tamaulipas, alt. 510 meters, August,

1930, H. H.BartleU 10745 (type in Herb. Field Mus.). Moctezuma,

Tamaulipas, August 15, 1930, Bartlett 10960.

Evidently the plant is a relative of Nama undulatum HBK.,

a common species of Mexico, but that is usually a lower, stouter,

more densely leafy herb, in which the leaves are merely sessile rather

than long-decurrent as broad wings along the stems.

Nama biflorum Choisy, var. Marshii Standi., var. nov. —

Herba ut videtur elata, caule elongate; folia magna tenuia usque

3 cm. longe petiolata, petiolo usque ad basin anguste alato; lamina

rotundato-ovata vel late deltoideo-ovata vulgo 3-5 cm. longa et

3-4 cm. lata obtusa, basi truncata vel breviter cordata atque abrupte

contracto-decurrens; flores racemosi, racemis usque 10 cm. longis

7-9-floris; sepala linearia 8-12 mm. longa; corolla 12 mm. longa;

caetera ut in forma typica speciei. — Mexico: Ciudad Muzquiz, La

Mariposa, Coahuila, December 5, 1936, Ernest G. Marsh, Jr. 1036

(type in Herb. Field Mus.).

168 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

At first I was inclined to believe that the plant here described

represented a distinct new species, and such may well be the case.

Nama biflorum shows a large amount of variation, and plants of

this family are notoriously variable, so that the safer course seems

to be to assign only varietal rank to the Coahuila plant. It differs

from all specimens of N. biflorum that I have seen in its much larger

leaves, truncate to cordate at the base, in the numerous flowers

of each inflorescence, and in the substantially larger flowers. If

further collections show that these characters are constant, they

are sufficient for specific segregation, but there is a possibility that

the plant is merely a sporadic variation, induced by abundant

moisture.

Nama dichondrifolium Standi., sp. nov. — Herba ramosa ut

videtur procumbens, caulibus dichotome ramosis 25 cm. longis et

ultra dense pilis longis albis patulis pilosis plus minusve flexuosis;

folia petiolata membranacea, petiolo usque 1.5 cm. longo dense

longipiloso usque ad basin latiuscule alato; lamina reniformis vel

reniformi-ovata usque 2 cm. longa et 3 cm. lata, apice obtusissima

ad late rotundata, basi truncata vel breviter cordata, utrinque

dense pilis longis patulis albis hirsuto-pilosa, subtus paullo pallidior;

inflorescentiae axillares breviter pedunculatae plerumque triflorae,

pedicellis gracillimis ad 8 mm. longis dense hirsutis; sepala anguste

lineari-attenuata 5-9 mm. longa erecta dense albo-hirsuta; corolla

9 mm. longa superne 3.5 mm. lata extus sparse hispidula, lobis late

rotundatis brevissimis. — Mexico: Muzquiz, Palm Canyon, Coahuila,

July 9, 1936, Ernest G. Marsh, Jr. 301 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Muzquiz, spring of 1935, Marsh 142.

The relationship is with Nama rotundifolium (Gray) Macbride,

of Coahuila and Nuevo Leon, but that differs in its smaller, relatively

much narrower leaves, which are green rather than hoary as in

N. dichondrifolium.

VERBENACEAE

Clerodendron epiphyticum Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex fere

glaber 80-100 cm. altus ramosus, ramis crassis, vetustioribus

ochraceis plus minusve angulatis vel subteretibus sparse lenticellatis,

novellis compressis et ancipitibus sparse hispidulis vel fere glabris

ad nodos incrassatis, cicatricibus petiolorum obliquis, internodiis

brevibus vel aliquanto elongatis; folia inter minora petiolata coriacea,

petiolo crasso 4-8 mm. longo supra profunde sulcato, sparse hispidulo

vel glabro; lamina elliptico-oblonga vel lanceolato-elliptica glabra

4.5-7 cm. longa 1.8-3 cm. lata breviter acuminata vel acuta, basi

Studies of American Plants— XI 169

acuta, integra, supra lucida, costa nervisque impressis, subtus multo

pallidior lutescens, costa gracili prominente, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere 3-5 prominentibus irregularibus angulo angusto

adscendentibus prope marginem laxe arcuato-conjunctis, venis

omnino occultis, marginibus saepe revolutis; flores ut videtur

fasciculati et in axillis vel ad apices ramulorum dense aggregati,

pedicellis usque 18 mm. longis superne paullo incrassatis prope basin

geniculatis; calycis tubus late campanulatus subcoriaceus 4 mm.

longus truncatus, lobis 5 segregatis lineari-subulatis subobtusis tubo

aequilongis vel interdum usque 8 mm. longis erectis; corolla in ala-

bastro tan turn visa apice obtusa extus glabra. — Costa Rica: Pejivalle,

April 3, 1931, C. H. Lankester 1296 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Entre la Laguna del Arenal y el Alto de La Carpintera, cerca de

Tilaran, Guanacaste, alt. 650-700 meters, June 26, 1930, A. M.

Brenes 12648. — Panama: Vicinity of El Valle, north wet rim, Prov.

Cocte, alt. 800-1,000 meters, May 21, 1939, P. H. Allen 1824

(Herb. Mo. Bot. Gard.).

It is with considerable hesitation that I describe this puzzling

and somewhat annoying plant, the two Costa Rican sheets of which

were available when the Flora of Costa Rica was prepared. They

were not listed there because the systematic position of the plant

represented was then doubtful, and it is not certain even now.

Habitally the plant is much like Clerodendron Moldenkeanum Standi.

of southern Mexico, and I am inclined to believe that it is a relative

of that, although substantially different. The calyx, particularly,

is like or very similar to that of C. Moldenkeanum.

Although three sheets of specimens are at hand, none of them

is satisfactory for study. Two collectors speak of the corollas, but

the only corollas with the specimens are either in young bud or badly

mutilated. The epiphytic habit is unusual in the Verbenaceae, but

in a wet tropical forest not altogether unexpected. Some characters

of the plant remind one of the Solanaceae, especially certain repre-

sentatives of the genus Lycianthes, but what may be seen of the

corolla indicates that the shrub has no place in that family.

Mr. Lankester states that the shrub grows on the upper levels

of the branches, and that the corolla is purple. Mr. Allen reports

the flowers as rose. Professor Brenes describes the leaves as fleshy

with red nerves, the fruits as small and pinkish yellow.

SOLANACEAE

Lycianthes laxissima Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex 1-2-metralis

glaber, ramis gracilibus subteretibus aliquanto tortuosis in sicco ad

170 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

nodos subconstrictis, internodiis plerumque 3-6 cm. longis; folia

paris valde inaequalia majuscula brevissime petiolata membranacea,

petiolo crassiusculo ad 6 mm. longo; lamina in foliis majoribus

oblique oblonga vel ovali-oblonga 11-19 cm. longa 4-7.5 cm. lata

subito longiacuminata, acumine angusto usque 3 cm. longo, basi

valde obliqua uno latere obtusa vel rotundata altero attenuato-

acuta, supra in sicco fusco-viridis, venulis prominulis arete reticu-

latis, subtus paullo pallidior aliquanto brunnescens, costa tenera

prominente, nervis lateralibus tenerrimis utroque latere ca. 13 promi-

nulis arcuatis angulo latiusculo adscendentibus; lamina in foliis

minoribus parium orbicularis usque oblongo-elliptica 1-4 cm. longa;

inflorescentia axillaris laxissime paniculata pauciflora graciliter longi-

petiolata usque 15 cm. longa folia fere aequans, pedicellis gracillimis

plerumque 1-2 cm. longis; calyx latissime campanulatus vel fere

rotatus vix ultra 1.5 mm. longus ca. 3 mm. latus truncatus basi

obtusus; corolla viridescenti-alba 12 mm. longa ut videtur campanu-

lata fere ad medium lobata, lobis ovatis acutiusculis; bacca globosa

9 mm. lata. — Panama: Rain forest, Bajo Chorro, Boquete District,

Prov. Chiriqui, alt. 1,800 meters, January 6, 1938, Mrs. M. E. David-

son 67 (type in Herb. Field Mus.); March 19, 1938, Davidson 421.

This is one of the plants that cast suspicion upon the validity of

the genus Lycianthes, usually an easily recognized and certainly a

most convenient segregate from the vast group Solanum. The

character of the calyx seems to necessitate reference of the Panama

shrub to Lycianthes, yet its general aspect is altogether that of certain

Solanum species of the same general region.

Markea suaveolens Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex scandens ut

dicitur 30 m. longus et ultra, ramis crassiusculis subteretibus, cortice

exfoliante brunneo, internodiis glabris vel glabratis; folia breviter

petiolata coriacea, petiolo crasso 4-6 mm. longo glabro supra pro-

funde sulcato; lamina elliptico-oblonga interdum prope apicem

paullo latior 6-10.5 cm. longa 2.5-5 cm. lata obtusa, basi obtusa vel

anguste rotundata, glabra, supra in sicco lucida, costa nervisque

subimpressis, subtus concolor minute puncticulata, costa gracili

prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere 6-7 teneris prominulis

subarcuatis angulo semirecto vel paullo latiore adscendentibus,

venulis obsoletis; flores odori albi ad apices ramorum umbellato-

aggregati, pedicellis gracilibus ca. 1 cm. longis sparse hispidulis

superne incrassatis; calyx campanulatus ca. 7 mm. longus extus

sparse hispidulus vel fere glaber fere ad medium lobatus, lobis ovatis

vel late ovatis acuminatis erectis; corolla extus glabra 4.5 cm. longa,

Studies of American Plants— XI 171

tubo 13 mm. longo 2 mm. lato subabrupte in faucem dilatato, fauce

ca. 2 cm. longo et 1 cm. lato, lobis latis ca. 1 cm. longis. — Colombia:

Caviche, State of Boyaca, 130 miles north of Bogota, in high, cool

forest, alt. 1,200 meters, April 15, 1933, A. E. Lawrance 751 (type in

Herb. Field Mus.).

Local name, Bejuco opa. "The corolla is white when first open,

but turns to brilliant canary yellow before falling. The perfume is

supremely exquisite."

Markea uniflora Lundell, Phytologia 1: 340. 1939.— The type

is Matuda 2816 from the Volcan de Tacana, Chiapas, Mexico, at

2,800 meters. The species occurs also in Guatemala: Dept. San

Marcos, between Canjula and La Union Juarez, near southeast por-

tion of Volcan de Tacana, alt. 2,000-3,000 meters, February 22, 1940,

Steyermark 36465. "A woody liana. Leaves coriaceous, dark green

above, paler green beneath. Calyx 5-angled, light green, the margins

brick-colored. Corolla pale olive-green, the tips of the lobes rolled

inward and back. Hanging from a tree along a stream." The species

is a well marked one, but the specific name is inappropriate, at least

for the beautifully prepared specimen cited above. The inflorescence

is actually a large, leafy cyme bearing three or five flowers, not one-

flowered, as described and as shown in the cotype deposited in the

Herbarium of Field Museum.

RUBIACEAE

Amphidasya ambigua Standi. Field Mus. Bot. 11: 181. 1936.

Sabicea ambigua Standi. Field Mus. Bot. 7: 49. 1930. — The genus

Amphidasya consists of three species, all natives of Colombia. Two

were first described under Sabicea, one of them by Wernham, mon-

ographer of that genus, but, as explained when the genus was pro-

posed (loc. cit.), there are ample grounds for assigning them generic

status. Two recent Colombian collections of A. ambigua may be

cited here, and the species has been found to extend northward into

Panama: Colombia: Dept. Narino, east side of Gorgona Island, alt.

50-100 meters, dense forest along stream, a slender shrub, the bracts

(sepals?) white, February, 1939, Killip & Garcia 33176. Intendencia

El Choc6, dense forest south of Rio Condoto, between Quebrada

Guarapo and Mandinga, alt. 120-180 meters, a suffrutescent herb

up to 80 cm. high, the calyx lobes white, April, 1939, Killip 35146. —

Panama: Rain forest, Cana-Cuasi trail, Camp 2, Chepigana District,

Prov. Darten, alt. 600 meters, an herb of 30-75 cm., March, 1940,

M. E. & R. A. Terry 1489. Same region, alt. 1,500 meters, March 15,

1940, M. E. & R. A. Terry 1561; an herb of 45-75 cm.

172 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

Amphidasya bullata Standi. Field Mus. Bot. 11: 181. 1936 —

The species was based upon Triana 3315, labeled as coming from the

provinces of Choco and Barbacoas, Colombia. The type specimen

is in the Paris herbarium, but there is a photograph and fragment

of it in the Herbarium of Field Museum. Mounted with the type

is a specimen of some member of the Gesneriaceae. Recently Field

Museum has received from the Paris herbarium two duplicate speci-

mens bearing the same Triana number, but both of these are Amphi-

dasya ambigua Standi., a quite distinct species. It is clear that there

is considerable variation in the material distributed under No. 3315.

It may be that the two species were found growing together, which

would in no way affect their standing as distinct species, or it may

well be that they came from widely separated localities.

Anisomeris caurensis Standi., sp. nov. — Arbor 8-metralis,

trunco ad 20 cm. diam., ramulis sat gracilibus teretibus ferrugineis

vel ochraceis incurvo-puberulis vel glabratis, internodiis elongatis;

stipulae persistentes triangulari-subulatae utrinque strigosae erectae

2-3 mm. tan turn longae; folia majuscula breviter petiolata tenuiter

coriacea, petiolo 4-7 mm. longo glabro vel sparse pilosulo; lamina

elliptico-oblonga 8-15 cm. longa 3.5-6 cm. lata longiacuminata

usque subacuta, apice ipso obtusissimo, basi acuta vel subacuta,

supra in sicco fusca lucida glabra, costa nervisque prominentibus,

subtus paullo pallidior brunnescens in axillis nervorum sparse

breviterque barbata, aliter glabra vel glabrata, costa tenera elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 6 teneris prominentibus angulo

semirecto adscendentibus arcuatis, venis obscuris non elevatis;

inflorescentiae parvae pauciflorae axillares singulae, pedunculo

gracili vix ultra 5 mm. longo strigoso, floribus sessilibus cymulam

capituliformem ca. 5-6-floram efformantibus, bracteis minutis;

hypanthium anguste cylindraceum superne paullo dilatatum 2-2.5

mm. longum densiuscule strigillosum; calyx vix ultra 1 mm. longus

profunde lobatus extus sparse strigillosus, lobis oblongis obtusis

vel subacutis patentibus; corolla alba extus sparsissime minuteque

strigillosa vel fere glabra, tubo gracillimo 14 mm. longo ca. 0.6 mm.

crasso, lobis patentibus ovato-oblongis obtusissimis 2.5-3 mm.

longis. — Venezuela: Rebalses de Guayapo, Bajo Caura, Estado de

Bolivar, alt. 100 meters, April 13, 1939, Llewelyn Williams 11782

(type in Herb. Field Mus.).

The nearest relative of the Venezuelan tree is Anisomeris multi-

flora (Bartl.) Schum., of British Guiana. In that the leaves are

not barbate beneath, and the flowers are essentially glabrous.

Studies of American Plants— XI 173

Bathysa obovata (Ruiz) Schum. ex Standi. Field Mus. Bot. 7:

280. 1931. — In the original description one collection from Peru and

two from Bolivia were cited. An additional Bolivian one may be

reported: Dept. La Paz, Prov. Larecaja, Tuiri, near Mapiri, left

bank of Rio Mapiri, alt. 490-750 meters, a tree of 7.5 meters, Septem-

ber, 1939, B. A. Krukoff 10759.

Cephaelis Bradei Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex 1.5-2 m. altus

glaber ut videtur dense ramosus, ramis in sicco fuscis, vetustioribus

teretibus, internodiis plerumque elongatis; stipulae in vaginam

truncatam induratam vix 1.5 mm. altam connatae, utroque latere

brevissime bidentatae; folia inter minora breviter petiolata sub-

coriacea, petiolo crasso vix ad 3 mm. longo; lamina lineari-lanceolata

5.5-8.5 cm. longa 0.7-1.5 cm. lata, apicem obtusum versus longe

sensimque attenuata, basin angustam versus longe angusteque

attenuata, sublucida, supra in sicco fusca, costa nervisque non ele-

vatis, subtus brunnescens, costa tenera prominente, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere ca. 10 tenerrimis irregularibus angulo lato abeuntibus,

venis paucis obscuris; flores dense capitati, capitulis terminalibus

sessilibus parvis paucifloris ca. 5 mm. longis et aequilatis; bracteae

2 exteriores ovales vel late ovatae apice obtusae vel rotundatae

induratae adpressae basi brevissime coalitae, interioribus similibus

vel late oblongis aequilongis; calyx in statu fructifero campanulatus

2.5 mm. longus lucidus apice breviter triangulari-dentatus; corolla

alba extus glabra, tubo cylindraceo 5 mm. longo fere 1 mm. crasso,

fauce paullo dilatato, lobis 5 patentibus oblongis obtusis intus

glabris 2 mm. longis; fructus globosus 4 mm. longus, pyrenis dorso

obtuse grosseque costatis. — Brazil: Minas Geraes, Serra do Cipo,

km. 134, April 15, 1935, H. Mello Barreto 1255 (A. C.Brade 14841;

herb. Jard. Bot. Rio 27660; type in Herb. Field Mus.). Same

locality, February 4, 1938, Mello Barreto 8891 (herb. Jard. Bot.

Bello Horizonte 26200); Mello Barreto 8920 (herb. Bello Horizonte

25912).

In the genus Cephaelis the present species is notable for the

numerous, sessile, very small flower heads, and the rather small,

narrow leaves.

Cephaelis crebrinervia Standi. Field Mus. Bot. 11: 188. 1936 —

When this species was published, only the type was known, Ducke

15351, from Antonio Lemos, near Rio Tajapuru in the estuary of

the Amazon, State of Para, Brazil. The following additional collec-

tions, all from Brazil, are now at hand: Furo Macujabim, B6a Vista,

September, 1901, Manoel Guedes 2242. State of Amazonas, Munici-

174 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

pality Humayta, between Monte Christo and Santa Victoria, on

Rio Ipixuna, margin of river, a shrub of 3.5 meters, November, 1934,

Krukoff 7263.

Chione guatemalensis Standi. & Steyerm., sp. nov. — Frutex

vel arbor omnino glabra, ramis subteretibus in sicco fuscescentibus

paullo nodosis, internodiis brevibus; stipulae caducae; folia majuscula

petiolata subcoriacea, petiolo crassiusculo 2-2.5 cm. longo supra

canaliculate; lamina anguste elliptico-oblonga 14.5-16.5 cm. longa

4.5-5.2 cm. lata breviter obtuso-acuminata, basi acuta, lucida,

supra in sicco fusco-brunnescens, costa subimpressa, nervis pro-

minulis, venis obsoletis, subtus pallidior, costa tenera prominente,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 9 tenerrimis obscuris vix pro-

minulis angulo semirecto vel paullo latiore adscendentibus, venis

obsoletis; inflorescentia (perfecta non visa) terminalis cum pedunculo

ca. 10 cm. longa longipedunculata ut videtur pauciflora, floribus

sessilibus vel breviter crasseque pedicellatis; fructus oblongus basi

et apice obtusus lucidus 2 cm. longus 8-9 mm. latus apice calyce

persistente coronatus; calyx 1.5-2 mm. altus profunde dentatus,

dentibus triangularibus acutis. — Guatemala: Dept. Izabal, Rio

Dulce, between Livingston and 6 miles up river, on north side

(right-hand side going up river), at sea level, April 14, 1940, Julian

A. Steyermark 39375 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

"Fruit fleshy, greenish, turning mango-orange, red in upper half.

Leaves coriaceous, dark grass-green above, pale green beneath."

The only other species of Chione with equally large fruit is the

recently described C. chiapensis Standi., of Chiapas, Mexico. In

that the fruits are equally long but only half as thick as those of

C. guatemalensis, but this difference in thickness may be the result

of mere differences in state of development. In C. chiapensis the

leaves are excavate and barbate beneath in the axils of the primary

nerves; in C. guatemalensis the axils are neither excavate nor barbate

but smooth and quite glabrous.

Coccocypselum cordatum Krause, Anex. Mem. Inst. Butantan

1, fasc. 3: 13. pi. 1. 1922. — A photograph (neg. 263) and fragment

of the type, Hoehne 753 from the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil, are in

the Herbarium of Field Museum, and there are several recent

collections that represent the species: Bolivia: Mapiri region, San

Carlos, alt. 850 meters, May, 1927, Buchtien 1439. — Brazil: Est. de

campo Grande, Sao Paulo, October, 1892, Gust. Edwall 1892 (herb.

Inst. Biol. S. Paulo 11465). Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Sto. Antonio

de Imbe, April, 1932, flowers and fruits blue, Brade & Santos Lima

Studies of American Plants — XI 175

11560. Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Morro Azul, March, 1932, Brade

11424 (herb. Mus. Nac. Rio 26131). Estado do Rio de Janeiro,

Sta. Magdalena, March, 1934, alt. 700 meters, Santos Lima & Brade

13362 (herb. Jard. Bot. Rio 24615). Matta, Matta da Empreza,

Municipio Cambuquira, Minas Geraes, December, 1935, Mello

Barreto 6822 (herb. Jard. Bello Horizonte 20217). Matta, Fazenda

da Vargem Alegre, Municipio Tombos, Minas Geraes, common,

fruit blue, July, 1935, Mello Barreto 1607 (herb. Jard. Bello Horizonte

17275).

Coccocypselum crassifolium Standi., sp. nov. — Herba pro-

cumbens ramosa, caulibus crassis, vetustioribus ferrugineis sub-

teretibus vel obtuse angulatis, interdum costatis, novellis densissime

pilis longis adscendentibus ochraceis vel lutescentibus villosis, inter-

nodiis plerumque elongatis; stipulae e basi latiuscula subulatae usque

9 mm. longae villosae; folia breviter petiolata majuscula in sicco

coriacea et rigida, petiolo crasso 5-8 mm. longo dense piloso; lamina

ovata usque lanceolato-oblonga vel triangulari-ovata 4.5-7 cm. longa

2-5 cm. lata acuta vel subobtusa, apice ipso obtuso, basi rotundata

et breviter lateque cordata, supra in sicco fusca ad costam nervosque

saepius impressos pilosa, aliter glabra, subtus pallidior dense pilis

nitentibus plerumque patulis molliter pilosa, costa crassa elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 8 arcuatis prominentibus et

costiformibus in marginem desinentibus, infimis angulo recto abeun-

tibus, superioribus angulo latiusculo adscendentibus, margine saepe

revoluto; capitula globosa densissime multiflora ca. 2 cm. diam.,

pedunculis crassis 1-2 cm. longis, bracteis viridibus oblongo-lineari-

bus; hypanthium dense pilosum, sepalis fere liberis ca. 3 mm. longis

e basi latiuscula oblongo-linearibus attenuatis acutiusculis hispidulis;

corolla non visa, ut dicitur caerulea; bacca subglobosa 4.5 mm.

longa sat dense hispidulo-pilosa. — Brazil : Estado do Rio de Janeiro,

Serra dos Orgaos, alt. 1,600 meters, March 19, 1932, A. C. Brade

11455 (herb. Mus. Nac. Rio 26165; type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Minas Geraes, margem de capao, Serra do Cipo, km. 128, Palacio,

Municipio Santa Luzia, September, 1933, Mello Barreto 3503 (herb.

Jard. Bello Horizonte 7085); same region, capoeira, km. 115, August,

1936, W. A. Archer & Mello Barreto 4990 (herb. Jard. Bello Horizonte

18063).

An ally of the widely distributed Coccocypselum lanceolatum

(Ruiz & Pavon) Pers., which has relatively thin leaves that are

evenly pilose over the upper surface. In C. crassifolium the pubes-

cence of the upper leaf surface is confined to the costa and nerves.

176 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

Coccocypselum glabrifolium Standi. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 165.

1930.- — When described, a single collection of this well marked

species was available, a specimen of an unknown collector, from

Sao Paulo. The following additional collections are now in the

Herbarium of Field Museum, all from Brazil : Jaguariahyva, Parana,

alt. 730 meters, December, 1910, P. Dusen 11321, pro parte. Rio

de Janeiro, Glaziou 17030, 8744. Minas Geraes, Saint-Hilaire B. 459,

D. 487. Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Sta. Magdalena, Serra Turquitha,

alt. 1,600 meters, March, 1935, Santos Lima & Brade 14269 (herb.

Jard. Bot. Rio 27687). Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Sta. Magdalena,

Pedra das Flores, alt. 1,200 meters, March, 1934, Santos Lima &

Brade 13360 (herb. Jard. Bot. Rio 24613). Estado do Rio de Janeiro,

Serra dos Orgaos, alt. 2,000-2,200 meters, Brade 11451 (herb. Mus.

Nac. Rio 26161).

Coccocypselum Hoehnei Standi., sp. nov. — Herba perennis ut

videtur decumbens vel procumbens, caulibus ramosis usque 30 cm.

longis vel ultra crassiusculis dense pilis brevibus patulis pallidis

hispidulo-pilosis, internodiis plerumque foliis longioribus; stipulae

persistentes subulatae hispidulae ca. 6 mm. longae; folia inter minora

breviter petiolata in sicco crasse membranacea, petiolo crassiusculo

piloso 4-5 mm. longo; lamina ovata vel oblongo-ovata 2-3.5 cm.

longa 1-2 cm. lata obtusa vel subacuta, basi late rotundata, supra

subsparse pilis brevibus lutescentibus patulis vel subadpressis pilosa,

nervis obscuris, subtus paullo pallidior ubique subsparse breviterque

pilosa, costa prominula, nervis lateralibus utroque latere 4-5 obscuris

tenerrimis; capitula densissime multiflora cum floribus ca. 2 cm.

lata usque 3 cm. longe pedunculata, bracteis viridibus anguste

lanceolato-oblongis usque 7 mm. longis acutis dense adpresso-

hispidulis, floribus sessilibus; sepala fere libera oblongo-linearia ca.

4 mm. longa viridia acutiuscula; corolla ca. 11 mm. longa extus

densiuscule pilis brevibus adscendentibus vel subadpressis hispidula,

lobis ovato-oblongis obtusis ca. 4 mm. longis et tubo duplo breviori-

bus, tubo superne dilatato, lobis intus glabris. — Brazil: Jaguariaiva,

Parana, November 6, 1928, campo humido, F. C. Hoehne 23435

(type in Herb. Field Mus.). Prov. Sao Paulo, 1816-21, Auguste de

Saint- Hilaire C. 1416 (ex herb. Paris). Jaguariahyva opp. in rupibus

campestribus, Parana, alt. 730 meters, December, 1910, P. Dusen

11321 pro parte.

This Brazilian plant evidently is related to C. glabrifolium

Standi., listed above, but in that species the leaves are quite glabrous.

Studies of American Plants— XI 177

Coccocypselum Krauseanum Standi. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 164.

1930. — The species was based on a single collection, Hoehne 754

from Alto da Serra, Sao Paulo. Two more recent Brazilian collec-

tions are conspecific: Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Itatiaya, Repreza

Taquaral, alt. 850 meters, flowers blue, February, 1936, A. C.

Brade 15087 (herb. Jard. Bot. Rio 28211); same locality, berries

blue, May, 1935, Brade 14641 (herb. Jard. Bot. Rio 26172).

Coccocypselum Lyman-Smithii Standi. Field Mus. Bot. 8:

165. 1930. — The original description was based upon a single col-

lection, Lyman B. Smith 1464 from Mt. Itatiaya, Brazil. Several

additional specimens of this rather sharply differentiated species

deserve mention: Umuarama, C. do Jordao, Sao Paulo, January,

1935, M. Kuhlmann 32415. Prov. Minas Geraes, 1816-21, A. de

Saint- Hilaire D. 537 (ex herb. Paris). Serra do Itatiaia, Rio de

Janeiro, June, 1913, Tamandare & Brade 6356 (herb. Inst. Biol.

S. Paulo 6787). Itatiaia, Serra da Mantiqueira, alt. 2,300 meters,

fruits bluish, R. W. Kaempfe 437. Campo Itatiaia, H. Luederwaldt

462 (herb. Inst. Biol. S. Paulo 11476). Estado do Rio de Janeiro,

Serra dos Orgaos, alt. 2,000 meters, March, 1932, Brade 11450 (herb.

Mus. Nac. Rio 26160).

Coccocypselum pedunculare Cham. & Schlecht. Linnaea

4 : 142. 1829. — This species, although several collections are reported

for it in Flora Brasiliensis, is rather sparsely represented in herbaria,

and the following recent specimens perhaps are worthy of citation:

Serra do Itacolomy, Ouro Preto, Minas Geraes, campos humidos,

alt. 1,752 meters, flowers blue, in 1939, Jose Badini 3803. Serra do

Cip6, km. 140, Minas Geraes, April, 1935, MelloBarreto 1136; Brade

14740 (herb. Jard. Bot. Rio 27670). Campo, Serra do Cipo, km. 143,

estrada do Pilar, Municipio Santa Luzia, Minas Geraes, scarce,

flowers violet, February, 1938, Mello Barreto 8979 (herb. Jard. Bello

Horizonte 26096).

Coccocypselum pumilio Standi. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 346.

1931. — When the species was published, a single collection was

known, Dusen 13283 from Jaguariahyva, Parana, Brazil. Two

recent collections show that it has a rather wide range: Sao Paulo,

Sto. Amaro, Rio Pinheiro, flowers blue, A. C. Brade 12367 (herb. Mus.

Nac. Rio 26878). Pocos de Caldas, Minas Geraes, January, 1919,

cascata, fl. roxa, F. C. Hoehne 2761.

Coccocypselum sessiliflorum Standi. Field Mus. Bot. 11: 194.

1936. — Only three collections were known to the writer when this

178 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

Brazilian species was described, but three additional ones may now

be cited, all from the State of Rio de Janeiro: Sto. Antonio de Imbe,

alt. 1,100 meters, Brade & Santos Lima 11557. Sta. M. Magdalena,

alt. 900 meters, flowers bright blue, March, 1935, Santos Lima &

Brade 14271 (herb. Jard. Bot. Rio 27685). Serra dos Orgaos, alt.

1,400 meters, berries blue, May, 1931, Brade 10780 (herb. Mus. Nac.

Rio 24305). The last collection is noteworthy for its subreniform

leaves, broadly rounded to almost emarginate at the apex. At first

I was inclined to believe that it represented a distinct species, but

probably it is best treated as a variant of C. sessiliflorum.

Cosmibuena Rhizophorae Standi., sp. nov. — Arbuscula glabra,

ramulis fuscescentibus subteretibus crassis longitrorsum rugosis,

internodiis brevibus; folia parva petiolata in sicco crasse coriacea,

petiolo crasso 5-15 mm. longo; lamina late elliptica usque rotundato-

obovata 3-5 cm. longa 2-3.5 cm. lata, apice rotundata vel obtusis-

sima, basi late cuneato-angustata vel obtusa, interdum fere rotun-

data, supra in sicco fuscescens, costa nervisque obscuris, subtus fere

concolor, costa nervisque obsoletis; stipulae oblongo-obovatae ca.

12 mm. longae et 5 mm. latae caducae tenues nervosae obtusae;

flores ut videtur terminales et solitarii subsessiles; capsula lineari-

oblonga obtuse costata 4.5 cm. longa, apicem basinque versus ali-

quanto angustata, valvulis ca. 7 mm. latis; coma seminum pallide

brunnescens. — Colombia: In mangrove swamp, Buenaventura Bay,

Dept. El Valle, April 13, 1939, E. P. Killip 34972 (type in Herb.

Field Mus.).

The species is noteworthy for its unusually small leaves.

Coussarea caroliana Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex vel arbor 3-6-

metralis glabra, trunco usque 9 cm. diam., ramis gracilibus subtere-

tibus viridibus, internodiis plerumque elongatis; stipulae deciduae

ante anthesin clausae 12-17 mm. longae, mox uno latere fissae linea-

res vel lineari-oblongae attenuatae; folia modica breviter petiolata

membranacea, petiolo 7-10 mm. longo; lamina elliptica vel elliptico-

oblonga 10-14.5 cm. longa 4-7 cm. lata acuta vel breviter acuminata,

basi obtusa vel acutiuscula, supra laete viridis, subtus pallidior, costa

tenera prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 12 tener-

rimis subarcuatis angulo lato interdum fere recto abeuntibus prope

marginem irregulariter arcuato-conjunctis, venulis obsoletis; inflo-

rescentia terminalis thyrsiformis 4-5 cm. longa basi usque 3 cm. lata

laxe pauci- vel multiflora, floribus in cymulas parvas paucifloras

umbelliformes sessiles vel inferiores usque 7 mm. longe peduncu-

latas aggregatis, pedicellis usque 3 mm. longis crassiusculis saepius

Studies of American Plants — XI 179

fere nullis, bracteis minutis deciduis; hypanthium clavatum fere

2 mm. longum, calyce late campanulato 1.2 mm. longo undulato;

corolla alba extus glabra in alabastro apice obtusa, tubo 8-9 mm.

longo sursum vix dilatato medio 1.5 mm. lato, lobis ovato-oblongis

obtusis 4 mm. longis. — Costa Rica: Suerre, Canton de San Carlos,

Prov. Alajuela, alt. 1,000 meters, March 2, 1939 Austin Smith H1645

(type in Herb. Field Mus.). Villa Quesada, Canton de San Carlos,

alt. 840 meters, February 28, 1939, Austin Smith H1722.

Concerning the plant the collector supplies the following informa-

tion : "Growing in deep shade of the Caribbean rain forest. A spread-

ing shrub or a tree with rather broad crown, the bark dark brownish

gray, the cambium layer pale buff; leaves faintly shining above;

inflorescence fleshy, the corolla 4-lobed, the flowers inodorous. A

rather common species here." The species is somewhat similar to

C. impetiolaris Donn. Smith, also Costa Rican, but in that the leaves

are essentially sessile, and the inflorescence is relatively broad,

rather than thyrsiform.

Coussarea Colonis Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex, ramis sat gra-

cilibus sparse vel dense sericeis, mox glabratis, internodiis ut videtur

elongatis; stipulae deciduae lineari-lanceolatae basi paullo dilatatae

sericeae ca. 13 mm. longae erectae; folia inter maxima petiolata

tenuiter membranacea, petiolo gracili 2.5-4 cm. longo sparse sericeo;

lamina elliptica vel oblongo-elliptica 26-34 cm. longa 12-15.5 cm.

lata, apice acutata et subito longeque caudato-acuminata, basi acuta

vel prope basin subito contracta et longe decurrens, supra viridis

fere glabra sed pilis paucis longis laxisque conspersa, subtus pallidior

sparse pilis longis laxis subadpressis albidis sericea, costa gracili

elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 13 tenerrimis arcuatis

prominentibus angulo lato adscendentibus juxta marginem arcuato-

conjunctis, venulis prominulis laxe reticulars; inflorescentia termi-

nalis cymoso-paniculata 4-9 cm. longa usque 7 cm. lata laxe multi-

flora ca. 2.5 cm. longe pedunculata, ramis basalibus oppositis vel

verticillatis patentibus vel adscendentibus dense sericeis, bracteis

lanceolatis vel subulatis parvis sericeis, floribus fere omnibus pedi-

cellatis, pedicellis fere filiformibus usque 8 mm. longis; hypanthium

sparse adpresso-pilosum basi obtusiusculum 1.5 mm. longum, calyce

campanulari 1.2 mm. longo remote minuteque denticulate; corolla

alba in alabastro fere linearis, tubo gracili 11 mm. longo paullo ultra

1 mm. lato extus minutissime puberulo, lobis 5 linearibus in alabastro

aliquanto tortis 6-7 mm. longis extus glabris; stamina inclusa. —

Panama: Buena Vista, region of Almirante, Prov. Bocas del Toro,

180 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

January-March, 1928, G. Proctor Cooper 228 (type in Herb. Field

Mus.). Buena Vista Camp on Chiriqui Trail, alt. 375 meters, Prov.

Bocas del Toro, Cooper 585a.

The two collections cited were once determined by the writer

as Coussarea latifolia Standi., a Costa Rican species to which this is

not closely related, and duplicates may be found in other herbaria

under that name. Coussarea Colonis is quite different from other

Central American species in its inflorescence. The flowers are all

young, and there is some possibility, in fact, on this account, that

the species has not been referred to the proper genus.

A recent collection also appears to represent this species: Panama:

Cana-Cuasi trail, Camp 2, Chepigana District, Prov. Darien, alt.

600 meters, March 10, 1940, M. E. & R. A. Terry 1487; a shrub of

2-3 meters, the flowers white or pale cream. This differs from the

type in having leaf blades only 4.5-5.5 cm. wide, and smaller flowers,

with a corolla tube but 5 mm. long. It is possible that an ampler

series of specimens will show that two species are represented, but

since all three available collections agree so well in other characters,

it is not advisable at present to name a second one.

Coussarea enneantha Standi. Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 18:

282. 1928.— The type is R. S. Williams 841 from the vicinity of

Cana, Panama. There is now available a second collection from

the same region: Cana-Cuasi trail, Chepigana District, Prov. Darien,

alt. 900 meters, in flower, March, 1940, M.E. & R. A. Terry 1476.

A shrub of 1.5-3 meters, with cream-colored flowers.

Coussarea Garciae Standi., sp. nov. — Arbuscula 3.5 m. alta,

ramulis novellis crassis in sicco subcompressis et longitrorsum striatis

glabris, internodiis superioribus brevibus; stipulae non visae; folia

inter maxima glabra subsessilia, petiolo crassissimo glabro vix 5 mm.

longo; lamina oblongo-obovata ca. 42 cm. longa et 19 cm. lataapice

lato abrupte breviterque acutata, basin versus longe sensimque

cuneato-angustata, basi ipsa obtusa vel anguste rotundata, supra in

sicco cinereo-viridis, costa nervisque prominulis, sublucida, subtus

paullo pallidior, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus teneris

prominentibus numerosis angulo latiusculo adscendentibus subar-

cuatis in marginem desinentibus, venulis vix prominulis laxe reticu-

latis; inflorescentia terminalis cymoso-paniculata densissime multi-

flora (in statu fructifero tan turn visa) breviter pedunculata ca. 6 cm.

longa atque 9 cm. lata, floribus plerumque crasse pedicellatis; calyx

ad apicem fructus persistens glaber vel glabratus, tubo campanulato

7-8 mm. longo 4^4.5 mm. lato, lobis vulgo 6-7 mm. longis linearibus

Studies of American Plants— XI 181

sinubus latis sejunctis; fructus albus ellipsoideus ca. 1.5 cm. longus

et fere 1 cm. latus basi et apice obtusus glaber. — Colombia: Inten-

dencia El Choco, Bahia Solano, dense forest along Quebrada Jellita,

alt. 50-100 meters, February 22, 1939, E. P. KiUip & Hernando

Garcia 33524 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

The leaves are the largest found among all the Colombian species

of Coussarea so far known.

Coussarea janeirensis Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex vel arbuscula

glabra, ramis in sicco subcompressis et longitrorsum sulcatis ut

videtur viridibus, internodiis elongatis; stipulae persistentes et in-

crassatae apice rotundatae denique breviter bilobae ca. 4 mm. longae

aliquanto tuberculatae; folia modica petiolata papyracea, petiolo

1.2-1.7 cm. longo; lamina obovato-oblonga 11.5-16.5 cm. longa

5-7.5 cm. lata, apice rotundata vel obtusissima et subito breviterque

caudato-acuminata, acumine lato obtuso usque 8 mm. longo, basi

cuneato-angustata et ad petiolum longius decurrens, supra in sicco

opaca, costa basin versus sulcata, nervis non elevatis, subtus paullo

pallidior, costa tenera prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

ca. 9 tenerrimis angulo lato adscendentibus fere rectis versus mar-

ginem arcuato-conjunctis, venulis prominulis laxissime reticulars;

inflorescentia terminalis cymoso-corymbosa e basi radiatim ramosa

ca. 3.5 cm. longa et usque 5 cm. lata, radiis basalibus 3-4 suberectis

crassiusculis, floribus sessilibus vel breviter crasseque pedicellatis

dense cymose aggregatis, bracteis minutis et deciduis vel nullis;

hypanthium columnare vel sursum paullo crassius glabrum 1.5 mm.

longum, calyce late campanulato 1 mm. tan turn longo truncato;

corolla extus glabra, tubo crasso 4-5 mm. longo sursum sensim

dilatato, lobis elliptico-oblongis obtusis vel acutis 3.5-4 mm. longis

paten tibus intus glabris; antherae semiexsertae, stylo breviter

exserto. — Brazil: Morro da Babilonia, Rio de Janeiro, October,

1914, F. C. Hoehne 24992 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Coussarea locuples Standi., sp. nov. — Arbor mediocris praeter

flores omnino glabra, ramulis crassiusculis fusco-brunnescentibus

subteretibus, novellis in sicco subcompressis, internodiis plerumque

brevibus; stipulae vix ultra 3 mm. longae maturitate incrassatae

persistentes, rotundatae vel fere truncatae et breviter subulato-

apiculatae, apice vulgo deciduo; folia modica inaequalia tenuiter

coriacea petiolata, petiolo crassiusculo 10-14 mm. longo; lamina

oblonga vel elliptico-oblonga vulgo 14-16 cm. longa et 5-6 cm. lata

sed interdum major, apice obtusa et subito contracta longe caudata,

acumine angusto usque 2 cm. longo attenuate, basi late acuta vel

182 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

subito contracta et breviter decurrens, supra in sicco lucida brun-

nescens, costa tenera prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

ca. 9 arcuatis tenerrimis angulo latiusculo abeuntibus prope

marginem arcuato-junctis, venis vix prominulis laxe reticularis; inflo-

rescentia terminalis sessilis vel breviter pedunculatadensiuscule multi-

flora thyrsoideo-paniculata ca. 6 cm. longa et aequilata basi tricho-

toma, ramis basalibus usque 2.5 cm. longis, superioribus brevioribus

crassis basi nudis vel bracteatis, bracteis parvis vel minutis latis

acutatis, floribus dense cymoso-aggregatis sessilibus vel subsessilibus;

hypanthium obconico-columnare glabrum 1.5-2 mm. longum, calyce

glabro late campanulato 2-2.5 mm. longo remote breviterque den-

tato, dentibus remotis late triangularibus obtusis interdum apice

minute puberulis; corolla alba extus minutissime sparseque puberula

vel prope medium fere glabra, tubo gracili 1 cm. longo 2 mm. lato,

lobis late linearibus obtusis paten tibus 8 mm. longis; stamina in-

clusa. — Brazil: Inter flumina Jacurapa et Puruite' affl. Rio lea infer.,

civ. Amazonas, silva non inundabili, October 14, 1931, A. Ducke

24419 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Coussarea scalaris Standi., sp. nov. — Arbor parva omnino

glabra, ramulis novellis in sicco complanatis longitrorsum sulcatis

in vivo ut videtur viridibus, internodiis valde elongatis; stipulae

plus minusve persistentes incrassatae tuberculatae usque 6 mm.

longae late ovatae; folia majuscula breviter petiolata crasse char-

tacea, petiolo 10-12 mm. longo; lamina oblonga vel anguste oblonga,

interdum oblanceolato-oblonga, 11-22 cm. longa 3-9 cm. lata, apice

subito sensimve contracta et longe caudata, acumine fere lineari

usque 2 cm. longo obtuso, basi acuta vel obtusa, supra in sicco griseo-

viridis sublucida, costa nervisque prominentibus, subtus pallidior,

costa tenera elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere usque 17

regulariter parallelis angulo recto divergentibus teneris prominenti-

bus subarcuatis juxta marginem arcuato-junctis, venis elevatis et

arete reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis sessilis cymoso-paniculata

basi triradiata ca. 6 cm. longa et 8 cm. lata, interdum longior, ramis

gracilibus in sicco nigris, floribus plerumque umbellato-aggregatis,

interdum cymosis, sessilibus vel brevissime crasseque pedicellatis,

bracteis nullis, radiis infimis usque 3 cm. longis, superioribus sensim

brevioribus divaricatis; hypanthium campanulatum 2-2.5 mm.

longum in sicco sulcato-costatum, calyce truncato vix 2 mm. alto;

corolla alba extus glabra in alabastro apicem versus sensim angus-

teque attenuata, tubo crasso 11 mm. longo prope basin ca. 2.5 mm.

lato sursum paullo angustato, lobis 5 obtusis linearibus intus minute

Studies of American Plants — XI 183

tomentellis 5-6 mm. longis; antherae inclusae; stylus inclusus fere

filiformis glaber 6 mm. longus. — Brazil: Parintins, civ. Amazonas,

ultra lacum JoseVAssu, silva terris altis, December 28, 1935, A. Ducke

34996 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Coussarea stenocalyx Standi., sp. nov. — Arbor 5.5 m. alta,

trunco 1.2-2.5 cm. diam., omnino glabra, ramulis subochraceis,

internodiis brevibus; stipulae perfectae non visae, parte basali per-

sistente vaginiformi 2-3 mm. longa; folia modica petiolata mem-

branacea, petiolo gracili 1.5-3 cm. longo; lamina lanceolato-oblonga

vel anguste lanceolata 14-19 cm. longa 4.5-6.5 cm. lata longe an-

gusteque attenuato-acuminata, basi acuta vel acutiuscula, supra in

sicco vix lucida, costa nervisque prominulis, subtus concolor, costa

tenera prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 11 teneris

prominulis subarcuatis prope marginem arcuato-conjunctis, venis

prominulis laxe reticulars; inflorescentia terminalis cymoso-corym-

bosa 1-2.5 cm. longe pedunculata basi triradiata, ramis crassiusculis

suberectis, floribus in cymulas umbelliformes trifloras dispositis,

pedicellis crassis 3-4 mm. longis; hypanthium cum calyce tubuloso-

campanulatum 8-14 mm. longum 3-4 mm. latum basi late ro tun-

datum, dentibus brevibus triangularibus ciliatis; corolla alba fere

3 cm. longa in alabastro longiattenuata, tubo sursum sensim dilatato

et fauce 3 mm. lato, lobis linearibus tubo aequilongis apice ut videtur

brevissime obtuseque corniculato-appendiculatis. — Colombia: State

of Boyaca, Chapon region, alt. 1,080 meters, in dense forest, May 22,

1932, A. E. Lawrance 94 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Crusea Gentry! Standi. Bot. Ser. Field Mus. 22: 112. 1940.— Of

this lately published species there has been received a new collection,

extending its known range to a new state of Mexico, the type having

come from Sonora: Sinaloa, northwest base of Cerro Colorado, moist,

shady slope with Quercus, alt. 450 meters, February, 1940, Howard

Scott Gentry 5473; a widely branched herb with white flower heads.

Declieuxia bouvardioides Standi., sp. nov. — Ut videtur fru-

ticulus, ramosus, ramis subteretibus ochraceis, novellis densissime

pilis longiusculis albidis patulis pilosis, internodiis foliis longioribus

vel interdum brevioribus; stipulae filiform es usque 3 mm. longae

dense patule pilosae; folia parva paten tia breviter petiolata crasse

membranacea, petiolo 2-2.5 mm. longo dense piloso; lamina ovata

vel ovato-elliptica 6-12 mm. longa 3-6 mm. lata acuta vel subacumi-

nata, basi acuta, supra fusco-viridis breviter pilosa, nervis obsoletis,

subtus cinerea ubique pilis longis patulis plus minusve intertextis

densissime pilosa; inflorescentiae terminales cymosae parvae pauci-

184 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

florae foliis vix longiores, bracteis parvis foliaceis patentibus, floribus

sessilibus vel breviter pedicellatis; hypanthium minutum dense

pilosum, sepalis minutis lineari-subulatis; corolla extus dense brevi-

terque pilosa fere 4 mm. longa, tubo gracillimo sursum paullo dilatato,

lobis oblongis obtusis patulis tubo duplo brevioribus; fructus car-

pella subglobosa dense patule pilosula. — Brazil: Minas Geraes,

Conselheiro Matta, July, 1934, A. C. Brade 24679 (type in Herb.

Field Mus.).

Declieuxia Bradei Standi., sp. nov. — Fruticulus dense ramosus

dense foliatus, ramis fuscis tetragonis sat dense pilis longiusculis

patentibus plurilocularibus hirsuto-villosis, internodiis foliis sub-

aequalibus; stipulae subulatae vel fere filiformes 3^1 mm. longae

pilosae; folia parva petiolata coriacea, petiolo gracili saepe marginato

2-4 mm. longo sparse villoso; lamina saepissime ovata, interdum

elliptico-ovata, 9-13 mm. longa 4-6 mm. lata obtusa, basi subito

angustata, supra fuscescens glabra lucida, costa nervisque valde

impressis, sparse ad costam nervosque pilis longis rigidiusculis pa-

tulis villosa, costa elevata, nervis obscuris, venis obsoletis, margine

solemniter revoluto; inflorescentiae terminales parvae cymoso-

aggregatae dense multiflorae vix ad 1 cm. latae bracteatae, bracteis

foliaceis lineari-oblongis plerumque 3-4 mm. longis; sepala foliacea

oblongo-lanceolata acuta vel acuminata 2.5 mm. longa glabra sed

interdum ciliata; corolla caerulea extus glabra 4-4.5 mm. longa, tubo

late obconico, lobis subpatulis oblongis obtusis tubo duplo longiori-

bus; fructus glaber didymus, coccis globosis fere 2 mm. altis.—

Brazil: Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Sta. Magdalena, Alto do Desen-

gano, alt. 2,000 meters, March 5, 1934, Santos Lima & A. C. Brade

15553 (Herb. Inst. Biol. Veg. 24606; type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Declieuxia calophylla Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex ut videtur

sparse ramosus glaberrimus, ramis crassis, vetustioribus brunneo-

ochraceis teretibus, novellis in sicco fuscis lucidis plus minusve

striato-angulatis, internodiis foliis subaequilongis vel interdum

longioribus; setae stipulares erectae vix ultra 2 mm. longae; folia

majuscula crasse coriacea sessilia latissime elliptica vel subrotundata

2-4 cm. longa 1.2-3.5 cm. lata, apice rotundata et subito acurninato-

apiculata, basi rotundata vel obtusissima, in sicco fusca lucida, costa

nervisque utrinque prominentibus et conspicuis, subtus vix pallidiora

dense minute pallido-punctata, costa crassiuscula, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere ca. 7 regularibus arcuatis, omnibus prope apicem et

juxta marginem arcuato-conjunctis, venis occultis; inflorescentiae

terminales cymoso-paniculatae dense multiflorae usque 4.5 cm.

Studies of American Plants — XI 185

longae et aequilatae sessiles, floribus sessilibus vel brevissime pedi-

cellatis plus minusve secundis, bracteis parvis oblongo-linearibus

vix ultra 2 mm. longis; sepala minuta fere obsoleta; corolla ca. 6 mm.

longa, tubo gracillimo sursum paullo sensim dilatato, lobis oblongo-

ovatis vix ultra 1 mm. longis obtusis vel acutiusculis; antherae

lineares breviter exsertae; fructus lucidus, coccis valde compressis

2.5 mm. longis. — Brazil: State of Minas Geraes, Serra do Cipo, km.

131, April 14, 1935, H. Mello Barreto & A. C. Brade 14738 (herb.

Jard. Bot. Rio 27668; type in Herb. Field Mus.).

The species is marked by the broad, almost orbicular, very coria-

ceous and lustrous leaves, whose nerves are beautifully curved,

parallel, and conspicuous, almost rib-like, in fact.

Declieuxia diantheroides Standi., sp. nov. — Fruticulus ra-

mosus 30 cm. altus et ultra, ramis sat gracilibus teretibus ubique

dense hirtello-puberulis, internodiis foliis subaequalibus vel saepe

longioribus; stipulae e basi late dilatata subulatae 1-2 mm. longae

rigidae erectae persistentes hirtellae; folia modica breviter petiolata

membranacea, petiolo 2-3 mm. longo hirtello saepe fere ad basin

marginato; lamina lanceolata vel lanceolato-elliptica 1.5-2.5 cm.

longa 4-10 mm. lata acuminata, basi cuneato-acuta, margine valde

revoluto, supra in sicco fusca sublucida puberula, nervis obscuris,

costa vix prominula, subtus multo pallidior dense breviter patulo-

pilosula, costa tenui prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca.

5 teneris arcuatis angulo semirecto adscendentibus, venis obsoletis;

flores parvi in cymulas parvas axillares dense paucifloras longiped-

unculatas saepe secundifloras dispositi, sessiles vel breviter pedi-

cellati, cymulis vix ultra 5 mm. latis, pedunculis gracilibus rigidis

usque 12 mm. longis solitariis, bracteis anguste linearibus puberulis

ad 3 mm. longis; hypanthium minutum puberulum, calyce brevis-

simo minute obscure dentato; corolla alba in alabastro tan turn visa

ca. 2.5 mm. longa extus minute hirtella apice obtusa, lobis latis ut

videtur tubo subaequilongis; fructus (maturus?) ca. 2 mm. latus ad

tertiam partem emarginatus, coccis suborbicularibus lateraliter ali-

quanto compressis minute hirtellis. — Brazil: Minas Geraes, Consel-

heiro Matta, June, 1934, A. C. Brade 13848 (herb. Jard. Bot. Rio

24680; type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Declieuxia minutifolia Standi., sp. nov. — Fruticulus dense

intricateque ramosus 14 cm. altus vel ultra, ramis vetusioribus

crassis sordide ochraceis, internodiis abbreviatis, novellis dense

hirtellis sat dense foliatis; stipulae minutae subulatae; folia parva

186 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

opposita subsessilia ut videtur aliquanto carnosa vel in sicco coriacea

2-4 mm. longa fere clavata vel lineari-oblonga vel anguste spathu-

lato-oblonga obtusissima vel apice rotundata, basi acuta vel attenu-

ata, ubique dense hirtella, marginibus plus minusve revolutis; flores

axillares sessiles; fructus dense hirtellus, coccis compressis orbicu-

laribus ca. 1.3 mm. latis. — Brazil: Minas Geraes, Diamantina, June,

1934, A. C. Brade 13840 (herb. Jard. Bot. Rio 24689; type in Herb.

Field Mus.).

Noteworthy for the very small, somewhat crowded, densely

pubescent leaves, and the solitary, sessile flowers.

Duroia genipifolia Standi. & Steyerm., sp. nov. — Frutex,

ramulis crassis glabris ochraceis teretibus, cortice tenui exfoliante,

basibus crassis petiolorum brevibus persistentibus, internodiis brevis-

simis; stipulae deciduae fere 1 cm. longae lanceolatae subulato-

attenuatae rigidiusculae dense pilosae; folia magna breviter petiolata

membranacea, petiolo crassiusculo ca. 1.5 cm. longo dense piloso;

lamina obovato-oblonga vel oblanceolato-oblonga 20-29 cm. longa

8-10.5 cm. lata acuminata, acumine subfalcato acute acuminato,

basin versus longe sensimque angustata, basi ipsa acuta, supra in

sicco fusca sublucida sparse pilis brevibus pallidis hirtella, tactu

aspera, costa nervisque manifestis sed non elevatis, subtus concolor

ubique sat dense pilis brevibus albidis patulis pilosa, costa tenera pro-

minente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 16 teneris prominentibus

subarcuatis angulo lato abeuntibus prope marginem arcuato-junctis,

venis paucis prominulis laxe reticulatis; flores masculi ad apicem

rami dense capitato-congesti numerosi sessiles vel breviter pedi-

cellati, bracteis subulatis calyce brevioribus; calycis tubus campanu-

latus 5-6 mm. longus dense hispidulus truncatus, lobis 5 subulatis

erectis hispidulis inaequalibus usque 8 mm. longis; corolla in ala-

bastro ca. 18 mm. longa longissime angusteque attenuata extus

dense albido-strigosa, tubo ca. 2.5 mm. crasso, lobis 5 in alabastro

apice liberis lineari-attenuatis tubo brevi triplo longioribus et ultra. —

Guatemala: Dept. Izabal, Rio Dulce, between Livingston and 6

miles up river, on north side (right side going up river), at sea level,

April 14, 1940, Julian A. Steyermark 39382 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

"Leaves subcoriaceous, dark, dull green and rugose above, dull,

paler green beneath." From Central (and North) America but a

single species of this genus has been recorded, D. costaricensis Standi.,

of the Costa Rican highlands, the few other members of the genus

being inhabitants chiefly of the Amazon Valley. In D. costaricensis

the leaves are hirsute, in D. genipifolia merely short>-pilose.

Studies of American Plants— XI 187

Elaeagia glomiflora Standi. Field Mus. Bot. 7: 281. 1931 —

The only specimen available when the species was published was

the type, collected in Bolivia by Pearce. A recent specimen from

Bolivia well represents the species: Dept. La Paz, Prov. S. Yungas,

basin of Rio Bopi, San Bartolome\ near Calisaya, alt. 750-900

meters, July, 1939, in fruit, a tree of 9 meters, B. A. Krukoff 10366.

Faramea mattogrossensis Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex vel ar-

buscula glabra, ramis gracilibus teretibus ochraceis, internodiis

brevibus; stipulae fere liberae 2.5 mm. longae latissimae apice rotun-

datae et in mucronem rigidum erectum subulatum 3 mm. longum

contractae; folia parva breviter petiolata pergamentacea, petiolo

crasso 5-6 mm. longo; lamina elliptico-oblonga vel obovato-oblonga

8.5-9.5 cm. longa 3-4 cm. lata acuta vel subacuminata, basi cuneato-

acuta et breviter decurrens, supra in sicco fusca opaca, costa ner-

visque non elevatis, subtus paullo pallidior brunnescens, costa tenera

prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 9 angulo lato diver-

gen tibus tenerrimis prominulis, venis fere obsoletis; inflorescentia

terminalis sessilis cymoso-paniculata basi triradiata ca. 4 cm. longa

et 6 cm. lata sat dense multiflora, radiis basalibus usque 2 cm. longis,

floribus sessilibus capitatim aggregatis, bracteis lanceolatis longi-

attenuatis ca. 3 mm. longis persisten tibus; calycis tubus campanu-

latus 2 mm. longus, lobis anguste triangulari-subulatis usque 3 mm.

longis erectis; corolla in alabastro angustissima apicem versus longe

attenuata, tubo angusto 6 mm. longo, lobis lineari-attenuatis ca.

7 mm. longis. — Brazil: Rio Arinos, Matto Grosso, arbusto de galhos

finos flexiveis, fl. roseas, December, 1914, F. C. Hoehne 1482 (Com-

missao Rondon; type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Faramea planitiarum Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex bimetralis

omnino glaber, ramis gracilibus aliquanto complanatis, internodiis

superioribus 7.5-12 cm. longis; stipulae deciduae, non yisae; folia

mediocria fere sessilia rigide membranacea, petiolo crasso vix ad

4 mm. longo; lamina anguste oblonga 12.5-15 cm. longa 4-5 cm. lata

subito caudato-acuminata, acumine angusto attenuate acute, basi

anguste rotundata, supra in sicco viridis lucida, costa prominente,

nervis prominulis, subtus paullo pallidior, costa tenera elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 14 angulo recto divaricatis

tenerrimis fere rectis prominentibus juxta marginem arcuato-con-

junctis, venulis prominentibus arete reticularis ; inflorescentia termi-

nalis laxe cymoso-paniculata sessilis multiflora 11 cm. longa 16 cm.

lata basi triradiata, radiis basalibus usque 3.5 cm. longis, floribus

plerumque in cymulas laxas trifloras dispositis, bracteis minutis

188 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

triangulari-attenuatis inconspicuis, pedicellis gracilibus usque 4 mm.

longis; hypanthium obconico-obovoideum vix 1 mm. longum, calyce

annulari vix 0.4 mm. alto undulato vel truncato; corolla intense

caerulea extus glabra in alabastro apice acutiuscula vel obtusa, tubo

crasso 5 mm. longo sursum paullo dilatato, lobis 4 subpatentibus

lanceolato-oblongis 3 mm. longis intus minutissime papillosis obtusis;

antherae breviter exsertae lineares 2 mm. longae. — Colombia: Comi-

saria El Vichada, Los Llanos, in rather open forest along Rio Vi-

chada, near San Jose- de Ocune, alt. about 100 meters, May 4, 1939,

Oscar Haught 2809 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Faramea stenodon Standi., sp. nov. — Arbor gracilis 6-metralis

saltern in statu fructifero omnino glabra, ramulis in sicco fusco-

olivaceis, internodiis elongatis; stipulae deciduae, non visae; folia

mediocria breviter petiolata firme membranacea, petiolo ca. 8 mm.

longo; lamina anguste elliptico-oblonga vel oblanceolato-oblonga

13-17.5 cm. longa 4-6 cm. lata, apice acutiuscula et subito caudata,

acumine lineari usque 2 cm. longo, basi cuneato-acuta, supra in

sicco opaca, costa prominente, nervis manifestis sed vix elevatis,

subtus concolor, costa tenera prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere ca. 17 teneris subarcuatis angulo lato interdum fere recto

divergentibus prope marginem in nervum collectivum crenatum con-

junctis, venulis prominulis laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis

4.5 cm. longe pedunculata erecta corymbiformis in statu fructifero

3 cm. longa et 6.5 cm. lata laxe pauciflora e basi 4-radiata, pedi-

cellis crassis 5-8 mm. longis ad apices ramulorum umbellatis; fructus

depresso-globosus laevis ca. 6 mm. altus et 10 mm. latus; sepala ad

apicem fructus persistentia lineari-subulata 2-2.5 mm. longa. —

Colombia: Intendencia del Choco, La Conception, 15 km. east of

Quibdo, alt. 75 meters, April-May, 1931, W. A. Archer 2098 (type

in Herb. Field Mus.).

The rather handsome leaves are practically 3-nerved because

of the well developed collective nerve close to the margin. The

extremely narrow calyx lobes are an unusual character in the genus.

Faramea stenomeris Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex omnino glaber,

ramis gracilibus teretibus viridescentibus, internodiis plerumque

2.5-5 cm. longis; stipulae fere liberae persistentes et plus minusve

induratae subrotundae vix ultra 1 mm. longae, apice abrupte in setu-

lam rigidam 1 mm. longam vel paullo ultra contractae; folia parva

sessilia coriacea in sicco lutescentia lanceolato-linearia 5-8 cm. longa

5-12 mm. lata apicem angustum fere subulatum versus longe angus-

teque attenuata, basin acutam versus breviter angustata, basi ipsa

Studies of American Plants — XI 189

acuta, supra viridia, costa pallida prominente, nervis vix elevatis,

subtus multo pallidiora, costa gracili prominente, nervis lateralibus

manifestis sed non elevatis brevibus angulo lato divergentibus irregu-

laribus, venis obsoletis, margine insigniter cartilagineo-incrassato

pallido; inflorescentia terminalis breviter pedunculata subumbel-

latim 3-5-flora, bracteis nullis, pedicellis gracilibus rigidis ca. 13 mm.

longis lutescentibus; hypanthium in sicco angulatum 1.5 mm. longum,

calyce campanulato 1.5 mm. longo angulato, dentibus triangulari-

subulatis remotis rigidis vix 0.6 mm. longis erectis; corolla alba extus

glabra, tubo tenui ca. 15 mm. longo sursum paullo sensim dilatato et

1.2 mm. lato, lobis lineari-lanceolatis longiattenuatis 10 mm. longis

patentibus; fructus globosus laevis 8 mm. diam. basi et apice late

rotundatus. — Brazil: Rio Tapajoz, S. Gabriel, mata, aparece em

todas as cacheiras, January, 1915, J. G. Kuhlmann 1462 (Commissao

Rondon; type in Herb. Field Mus.).

The leaves are unusual, being narrow and somewhat suggestive

of the genus Salix, and with conspicuous, pale, cartilaginous margins.

Faramea Terryae Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex 2-2.5 m. altus

glaber, ramis gracilibus subteretibus viridibus, internodiis plerumque

3-4.5 cm. longis; stipulae in tubum 2.5 cm. longum 2.5-3 mm. latum

connatae, tubo basi circumscisso et uno latere fisso caduco, apice

utroque latere lobis 2 ca. 5 mm. longis subulatis aucto; folia inter

minora breviter petiolata membranacea, petiolo crassiusculo 3-4 mm.

longo; lamina anguste lanceolato-oblonga 11-12.5 cm. longa 2.5-3.5

cm. lata abrupte longe angusteque attenuato-acuminata, acumine

fere lineari ca. 1.5 cm. longo, basi acuta, supra in sicco laete viridis

sublucida, costa prominente, nervis venisque prominulis, subtus

fere concolor, costa tenera prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere ca. 23 tenerrimis prominulis angulo lato divergentibus prope

marginem in nervum irregularem collectivum conjunctis, venis

paucis obscuris laxe reticularis; inflorescentia terminalis umbellata

capituliformis pauciflora 2.5 cm. longe pedunculata erecta basi

bracteis 2 foliaceis viridibus et bracteis 2 interioribus ut videtur

pallidis multo brevioribus fulcrata; bracteae exteriores rotundo-

ovatae fere 2.5 cm. longae abrupte longeque caudato-acuminatae,

interioribus tenuibus vix ultra 1 cm. longis; flores breviter pedicellati;

hypanthium late obovoideum 1.5 mm. longum, calyce annuliformi

ca. 0.6 mm. alto truncato remote minuteque denticulate. — Panama:

Cana-Cuasi trail, Camp 2, Chepigana District, Prov. Darten, alt.

600 meters, March 10, 1940, M. E. & R. A. Terry 1479 (type in

Herb. Field Mus.).

190 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

The form of the inflorescence is unlike that of any other Central

American Faramea, especially in the two pairs of large bracts that

completely hide the flowers. The long and narrow stipule sheath

also is peculiar. Only a single inflorescence is available for examina-

tion, and it is not in satisfactory condition for study.

Ferdinandusa chlorantha (Wedd.) Standi. Trop. Woods

34: 41. 1933. Gomphosia chlorantha Wedd. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. 10: 14.

1848. — This species has been collected several times in Peru, whence

it was originally described. Two recent collections attest its presence

in Brazil: State of Amazonas, Municipality Sao Paulo de Olivenca,

basin of Belem Creek, October-December, 1936, a tree 15 meters

high, the trunk 10 cm. in diameter, terra firma, high forest, B. A.

Krukoff 8912. Porto Velho, Rio Madeira, civ. Amazonas, silva non

inundabili, arbor parva, flor. viridialbis, June, 1936, A. Ducke 35057.

The second collection was once determined by the writer as a new

species, and assigned a name under which specimens may have been

distributed to other herbaria. Further study shows that the tree

represented is inseparable from F. chlorantha.

Ferdinandusa guainiae Spruce ex Schum. in Mart. Fl. Bras.

6, pt. 6: 211. 18889. — A new collection of this rare tree is worthy of

report: Brazil: Rio Curucuriary affl. Rio Negro, civ. Amazonas,

ad ripas inundatas, arbor parva, flor. albis, December, 1931, A. Ducke

24374.

Ferdinandusa hirsuta Standi. Field Mus. Bot. 8: 158. 1930 —

The species was based upon a single collection, Killip & Smith 30159

from Manaos, Brazil. More recently a second collection has come

to hand, from the same region: Manaos, silva non inundabili prope

cataractam maiorem fluminis Taruma, arbuscula, flor. albis, July,

1937, A. Ducke 543.

Ferdinandusa leucantha Standi., sp. nov. — Arbor parva

omnino glabra, ramulis crassis teretibus, internodiis brevibus; stipu-

lae caducae fere hyalinae pallide brunnescentes late ovatae obtusae

ca. 14 mm. longae; folia magna petiolata firme pergamentacea,

petiolo crassiusculo 3-4 cm. longo; lamina elliptico-oblonga usque

obovato-elliptica 19-25 cm. longa 8-11 cm. lata, apice obtusissima

vel subrotundata et subito in acumen triangularem paullo ultra 1 cm.

longum contracta, basi acuta vel abrupte contracta, supra in sicco

sublucida fuscescens vel brunnescens, costa nervisque perspicuis sed

vix elevatis, subtus vix pallidior, costa tenera prominente, nervis

lateralibus utroque latere ca. 12 teneris prominentibus angulo latius-

Studies of American Plants — XI 191

culo adscendentibus fere rectis juxta marginem subito sursum curva-

tis; inflorescentia terminalis sessilis paniculata corollis exclusis ca.

3 cm. longa et 2 cm. lata laxe pauciflora, pedicellis rigidis crassiusculis

5-15 mm. longis; hypanthium breve in pedicellum sensim angus-

tatum, calyce fere annuliformi vix ultra 1 mm. alto truncato; discus

elevatus et subtumidus; corolla alba glabra, tubo crassiusculo 2 cm.

longo prope medium paullo ultra 2 mm. lato, fauce vix dilatato, lobis

5 paten tibus anguste oblongo-lanceolatis tubo aequilongis. — Brazil:

Esperanca ad ostium fluminis Javary, civ. Amazonas, silva non

inundabili, September 20, 1931, A. Ducke 24388 (type in Herb.

Field Mus.).

The genus to which this small tree has been referred is not an

altogether satisfactory disposition of it, but no better place can be

found until the fruit is known. If really referable to Ferdinandusa,

it is quite distinct from all other Brazilian species, particularly in

shape of the corolla.

Gonzalagunia bracteosa (Donn. Smith) Robinson, Proc. Amer.

Acad. 45: 405. 1910. Gonzalea bracteosa Donn. Smith, Bot. Gaz. 33:

252. 1902. — When the account of the genus Gonzalagunia (under the

name Duggena) was published in North American Flora (32: 133.

1921), only the type collection of this well marked species was known,

J. D. Smith 6583 from Suerre, Llanuras de Santa Clara, Costa Rica,

at 300 meters. In the same country G. bracteosa has been collected

at various localities in the Atlantic lowlands, and very recently it

has been found also in Panama. The following collections are worthy

of citation: Panama: Cana-Cuasi trail, Camp 1, Chepigana District,

Prov. Darien, alt. 240 meters, March, 1940, M. E. & R. A. Terry

1621; a shrub of 1-2 meters, the flowers white. — Costa Rica: Villa

Quesada, Canton de San Carlos, Prov. Alajuela, alt. 625-825 meters,

March, 1939, Austin Smith F1766, F1770, F1820. Mr. Smith's

notes supply the following information: In Caribbean rain forest;

a slender shrub of 2-4 meters, the bark light brown; calyx green,

with brown tomentum.

Hamelia pedicellata Wernham, Journ. Bot. 49: 212. 1911. —

Many of the species of Hamelia are nearly related and not too

sharply separable. This one, which has a wide distribution in Vene-

zuela and Colombia, is closely related to H. patens Jacq. and H.

nodosa Mart. & Gal., differing principally in the well developed

pedicels, those of the two species mentioned being very short or none.

Hamelia pedicellata has not been known heretofore from North

America, but the following collection seems clearly referable to it:

192 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

Panama: Tucuti, Chepigana District, Prov. Dari£n, at sea level,

March, 1940, M. E. & R. A. Terry 1406; a shrub of 2.5-3.5 meters,

the flowers orange or orange-scarlet.

Hillia Ulei Krause, Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. 50: 97. 1908.—

Heretofore the species has been known only from Loreto, Peru,

but its range is now shown to extend to the eastern lowlands of

Bolivia: Dept. La Paz, Prov. S. Yungas, basin of Rio Bopi, San

Bartolom£, near Calisaya, alt. 750-900 meters, "vine," July, 1939,

B. A. Krukoff 10171.

Hoffmannia Steyermarkii Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex sub-

ephyticus omnino glaber ut videtur sparse ramosus, ramis viridibus

subteretibus laevibusque, internodiis plerumque 4-7 cm. longis;

stipulae valde reductae fere annuliformes brevissimae; folia modica

ternata longiuscule petiolata membranacea, petiolo gracili 1-2.5 cm.

longo superne anguste alato; lamina lineari-oblanceolata vel angus-

tissime oblongo-oblanceolata vulgo 9-15 cm. longa et 1.2-2.5 cm.

lata, longe angusteque attenuato-acuminata, apice ipso subobtuso,

basin versus longe angusteque attenuata et longe decurrens, supra

viridis laevis, costa manifesta sed non elevata, nervis obsoletis vel

obscuris, subtus pallidior, costa pallida prominula, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere ca. 8 obscuris arcuatis angulo lato fere recto adscen-

dentibus, venis omnino occultis; inflorescentiae axillares sessiles

cymosae laxe pauciflorae usque 3 cm. longae, floribus pedicellatis

vel pro parte sessilibus, pedicellis usque 5 mm. longis; hypanthium

oblongo-turbinatum 2.5 mm. longum basi contractum; calyx vix

1 mm. longus 2-2.5 mm. latus remote brevissime 4-dentatus, dentibus

latissime triangularibus latioribus quam longis obtusis; corolla glabra,

tubo crasso 4 mm. longo inferne 2 mm. lato faucem versus paullo

sensimque dilatato, lobis 4 rotundo-obovatis apice late rotundatis

5 mm. longis vel paullo ultra; antherae subexsertae; bacca globosa

6-7 mm. diam.; semina numerosa irregularia ca. 1 mm. diam. an-

gulata fusco-brunnea profunde punctata et reticulata. — Guatemala:

Dept. San Marcos, between Canjula and La Union Juarez, near

southeast portion of Volcan de Tacana, alt. 2,000-3,000 meters,

February 22, 1940, Julian A. Steyermark 36426 (type in Herb.

Field Mus.).

"A shrubby epiphyte, growing from the base of a tree trunk on

forested slopes of the barranco of Rio (Tonana) Suchate\ Leaves

firmly membranaceous, dark, dull green above, silvery, pale green

beneath. Flowers pendent. Calyx pale green. Pedicels pale

green, tinged with rose. Corolla pale rose, the anthers buff whitish,

Studies of American Plants— XI 193

the stigma whitish." The affinity of this species is with Hoffmannia

cryptoneura Standi., described from Mt. Ovando, Chiapas. Both

agree in having faint, almost obsolete lateral leaf nerves and obsolete

veins. The leaves of H. cryptoneura are relatively much wider than

those of the Guatemalan plant, the calyx lobes are rather well de-

veloped and narrow, and the corolla lobes are almost linear.

Machaonia martinicensis (DC.) Standi., comb. nov. Tertrea

martinicensis DC. Prodr. 4: 481. 1830. Schiedea martinicensis A.

Rich. Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 5: 186. 1834. Machaonia rotundata

Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 348. 1861.

In North American Flora (32: 222. 1934) the writer listed Tertrea

martinicensis, the type of the genera Tertrea DC. (1830) and Schiedea

A. Rich. (1834; non Schlecht. & Cham., 1826) at the end of the genus

Machaonia, as an undetermined species of that group. No material

had been seen of the Martinique plant, which had not been placed

definitely by other writers after its original publication. Apparently

the plant has not appeared in recent Martinique collections, but

there is now in the Herbarium of Field Museum a photograph and

fragment of the type from the Richard Herbarium, received by Field

Museum from the Museum d'Histoire Naturelle of Paris. Com-

parison of this authentic material with the available specimens of

Machaonia rotundata, reveals no differences, and the new name cited

above therefore seems necessary. The species is known at present

also from Jamaica, Costa Rica, and Panama.

Machaonia martinicensis var. Dodgei (Standi.) Standi., comb,

nov. Machaonia rotundata var. Dodgei Standi. Bot. Ser. Field Mus.

18: 1326. 1938.

Morinda hoffmannioides Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex gracilis

2-3-metralis, ramis subteretibus in sicco fuscis minutissime puberulis

vel fere glabris, internodiis superioribus 2-3 cm. longis; stipulae

persistentes fere semiorbiculares 3 mm. longae muticae; folia magna

petiolata membranacea, petiolo gracili 1.5-3.5 cm. longo micro-

scopice puberulo superne alato; lamina oblongo-elliptica vel lanceo-

lato-oblonga vulgo 20-25 cm. longa et 6-8 cm. lata acuminata, basin

versus angustata vel saepius subabrupte contracta et longe decurrens,

supra in sicco fusco-viridis glaberrima sublucida, costa nervisque

prominulis, subtus paullo pallidior saltern ad costam nervosque

microscopice puberula, costa crassa prominente, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere ca. 15 teneris prominulis angulo lato adscendentibus

arcuatis prope marginem arcuato-conjunctis, venis vix obviis laxe

194 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

reticulatis; flores ut dicitur albi capitati, capitulis axillaribus soli-

tariis brevissime crasseque pedunculatis densissime multifloris ante

anthesin ca. 7 mm. latis, floribus arete sessilibus; calyx cum hypan-

thio vix 1 mm. longus truncatus microscopice puberulus; corolla in

alabastro obtusa ca. 2 mm. longa (ad anthesin multo longior?)

minute puberula; capitula fructifera paucicarpellata ca. 1 cm. diam.,

fructu apice profunde depresso, pyrenis plus minusve compressis

apice subtruncatis et emarginatis.— Colombia: Intendencia El Meta,

Los Llanos, flood plain of Rio Negrito, 70 km. east of Villavicencio,

December 24, 1939, Oscar Haught 2485 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

There is some doubt that the plant here described really is a

species of Morinda, but it agrees better with that genus than with

any other that has been considered. From other species occurring

in South America it differs conspicuously in its large, thin leaves,

and especially in the small, almost sessile heads with but few fruits,

which, when dried, are coherent only at the base.

Palicourea boyacana Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex 3.5 m. altus,

trunco 10 cm. diam., praeter corollas et paginam inferiorem foliorum

ut videtur omnino glaber, ramulis gracilibus in sicco fusco-brun-

nescentibus subteretibus, internodiis valde elongatis; stipulae erectae

ca. 5 mm. longae fere ad basin bilobae, lobis latissime ovatis obtusis

approximatis; folia majuscula petiolata firme chartacea, petiolo

gracili ca. 3.5 cm. longo; lamina elliptica 18 cm. longa 9 cm. lata

subito breviterque acuminata, basi acuta, subtus paullo pallidior in

sicco fusco-brunnescens, sparsissime minuteque strigillosa vel fere

glabra, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 20

arcuatis tenerrimis prominentibus in marginem desinentibus, venulis

laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia ampla terminalis sessilis cymoso-pani-

culata et corymbiformis, e basi triradiata, ca. 11 cm. longa et 19 cm.

lata laxe multiflora, ramis infimis angulo semirecto adscendentibus,

ramis omnibus basi bracteatis, bracteis patentibus ovatis acutius-

culis usque 5 mm. longis, pedicellis rigidiusculis plerumque 4-7 mm.

longis; hypanthium 2 mm. longum glabrum basi con pedicello arti-

culatum fere 2 mm. latum, sepalis fere liberis latissime ovatis vix

ad 1.5 mm. longis acutatis ciliolatis; corolla aurantiaca in alabastro

obtusissima, extus sparse minute puberula ca. 28 mm. longa, tubo

crassiusculo sursum paullo dilatato basi uno latere paullo dilatato,

lobis oblongo-ovatis obtusis ca. 5 mm. longis intus puberulis. —

Colombia: Chapon region, State of Boyaca, dense edge of forest,

alt. 1,350 meters, June 3, 1932, A. E. Lawrance 154 (type in Herb.

Field Mus.; duplicate in U. S. Nat. Herb.).

Studies of American Plants — XI 195

Palicourea Duckei Standi., sp. nov. — Arbor parva, inflores-

centiis rubris, floribus rubroviolaceis, ramulis crassis glabris sub-

teretibus, internodiis ut videtur elongatis; stipularum vagina brevis-

sima, lobis utroque latere 2 remotis triangularibus acutis puberulis

5 mm. longis; folia magna breviter petiolata membranacea, petiolo

crasso pilosulo 12 mm. longo; lamina oblongo-elliptica ca. 19 cm.

longa atque 8 cm. lata (vel multo major?) subabrupte acuminata,

acumine attenuate, basi acuta, supra in sicco sublucida fusca glabra,

subtus fere concolor, densiuscule pilis laxis patentibus brevibus

pilosa, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 16

teneris angulo lato adscendentibus subarcuatis marginem fere attin-

gentibus; inflorescentia terminalis magna anguste thyrsiformis 8 cm.

longe pedunculata ca. 18 cm. longa et prope basin 6 cm. lata, sat

dense multiflora, ramis primariis omnibus abbreviatis et vix ultra

1 cm. longis basi bracteatis, bracteis anguste triangularibus acutis

vel subobtusis usque 5 mm. longis puberulis, ramis dense breviter

patulo-pilosis, floribus fere omnibus pedicellatis, pedicellis crassius-

culis usque 4 mm. longis sed saepius brevioribus dense pilosis; hypan-

thium crasse columnare 1-1.5 mm. longum dense pilosulum; calyx

annuliformis vix 1 mm. longus puberulus, margine obscure undulato-

lobulato; corolla in alabastro apice obtusissima glabra vel tantum

prope basin apicemque minute puberula fere 2 cm. longa, tubo crasso

sursum paullo dilatato et 4 mm. lato, basi paullo dilatato, lobis late

ovatis obtusis erectis 2.5 mm. longis. — Brazil: Manaos, Colonia

Campos Salles, silva secundaria non inundabili, October 5, 1927,

A. Ducke 23092 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

It is strange that a Palicourea from a region so often visited by

collectors has not received a name, and perhaps it has, but I have

been unable to associate the type with any of the very numerous

species of the Amazon Valley.

Palicourea Garciae Standi., sp. nov. — Arbuscula 5-metralis,

ramis nodosis crassiusculis viridibus subteretibus tantum ad nodos

sordido-puberulis aliter glabris, internodiis brevibus; stipulae latae

3 mm. tantum longae apice breviter bilobae, lobis approximatis

obtusis; folia parva breviter petiolata membranacea, petiolo 4-7 mm.

longo glabro; lamina elliptica vel obovato-elliptica 4.5-8 cm. longa

2-3.5 cm. lata subito caudato-acuminata, acumine angusto obtuso,

basi acuta, supra in sicco opaca fusca, costa prominente, nervis

obscuris, subtus pallidior ad costam nervosque hispidula vel villosula,

aliter glabra, costa tenera prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere ca. 16 tenerrimis angulo fere recto divergentibus in marginem

196 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

desinentibus, venis obsoletis; inflorescentia terminalis sessilis laxe

cymoso-paniculata multiflora usque 7 cm. longa et 10 cm. lata basi

triradiata, radiis basalibus usque 3 cm. longis, ramis sparse hispidulis

vel fere glabris rectis gracilibus, bracteis parvis inconspicuis trian-

gulari-subulatis, pedicellis glabris usque 2 mm. longis saepe nullis;

hypanthium glabrum crassum 1 mm. longum, calyce 1 mm. longo

viridi profunde lobato, lobis inaequalibus ovali-ovatis apice rotun-

datis vel obtusissimis glabris; corolla lutescens 9 mm. longa glabra,

tubo crasso basi manifeste uno latere dilatato medio 2 mm. crasso,

lobis obtusis suberectis ca. 2 mm. longis; stamina inclusa; fructus

oblongus basi et apice obtusus glaber 5 mm. longus 3 mm. latus,

pyrenis grosse costatis. — Colombia: Dense forest, Dept. El Valle,

San Antonio, west of Cali, near summit of Cordillera Occidental,

alt. 1,900-2,350 meters, February-March, 1939, E. P. Killip &

Hernando Garcia 33660 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Palicourea Mello-Barretoi Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex, ramis

teretibus lutescentibus infra nodos sparse breviterque hirtellis vel

fere glabris; vagina stipularis brevissima truncata, lobis remotis

rigidis erectis subulatis 3-4 mm. longis persistentibus; folia inter

minora brevissime petiolata coriacea, petiolo crasso vix ad 2 mm.

longo, interdum nullo; lamina oblonga vel ovali-oblonga 3-6 cm.

longa 1.5-3 cm. lata, apice rotundata vel obtusa atque apiculata,

basi obtusa vel subrotundata, supra lutescenti-viridis dense scabro-

pilosula, costa nervisque prominulis, subtus concolor dense hirtello-

pilosula, tactu aspera, costa crassa elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere ca. 9 elevatis arcuatis angulo ca. semirecto adscendentibus

marginem attingentibus, venis paucis prominulis laxe reticulatis;

inflorescentia terminalis 2.5 cm. longe vel ultra pedunculata cymosa

et fastigiato-ramosa 2.5 cm. longa et aequilata vel major densissime

multiflora, e basi ut videtur 3- vel pluriradiata, ramis omnibus basi

bracteatis dense fulvo-hirtellis, bracteis parvis inconspicuis trian-

gulari-subulatis 1-3 mm. longis hirtellis, floribus sessilibus vel bre-

viter crasseque pedicellatis; hypanthium columnare luteo-hirtellum

vix ultra 1 mm. longum, calyce vix 1 mm. longo hirtello breviter inae-

qualiter lobato, lobis late ovatis apiculatis; corolla 8 mm. longa

extus dense luteo-hirtella in albastro apice obtusissima, tubo gracili

vix 1 mm. lato sursum paullo dilatato, lobis obtusis brevissimis. —

Brazil: Cerrado, Estrada de Brejo das Almas, Municipio Montes

Claros, Minas Geraes, November 9, 1938, H. Mello Barreto 12013

(F. Markgraf 3148; herb. Jard. Bot. Bello Horizonte 28151; type in

Herb. Field Mus.).

Studies of American Plants— XI 197

"Inflorescence vermillion; flowers orange." The nearest relative

of P. Mello-Barretoi is P. coriacea (Cham.) Schum., a rather common

Brazilian plant, which differs in having abundant, large, somewhat

foliaceous bracts in the inflorescence. The leaves of the two species

are much alike.

Palicourea Mexiae Standi., sp. nov. — Ramuli crassi sparse

breviterque pilosi; stipulae fere 1 cm. longae subfoliaceae profunde

bilobae extus dense adpresso-pilosulae, lobis latis approximatis apice

obtusis vel rotundatis; folia inter maxima breviter petiolata crasse

membranacea, petiolo crasso 1.5-3 cm. longo sparse pilosulo vel fere

glabro; lamina obovato-oblonga 25-32 cm. longa 10-12 cm. lata,

apice obtusissima vel rotundata et subito breviterque acuminata,

basin acuminatum angustam versus sensim cuneato-angustata,

supra sublucida glabra, costa nervisque perspicuis sed vix elevatis,

subtus fere concolor minute puncticulata saltern ad costam venasque

breviter fere minute pilosula tactu asperula, costa tenera elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 22 teneris prominulis arcuatis

angulo lato interdum recto abeuntibus, nervo 1 secundario inter paria

primariorum saepe obvio, venis fere obsoletis; inflorescentia termi-

nalis amplissima sessilis basi triradiata cymoso-paniculata ca. 14 cm.

longa et 22 cm. lata laxe multiflora, ramis late divergentibus omnibus

basi bracteatis dense breviter pilosulis, bracteis anguste triangulari-

bus patulis pilosulis, floribus pro parte sessilibus sed plerumque pedi-

cellatis, pedicellis usque 7 mm. longis; hypanthium cum pedicello

articulatum 2.5 mm. longum dense sordido-villosulum ; sepala 5 fere

libera viridia lanceolato-linearia 4-7 mm. longa sparse puberula

ciliata; corolla caerulea ca. 13 mm. longa in alabastro obtusissima

extus densissime adpresso-tomentosa, tubo crasso ca. 3 mm. lato

basi dilatato, lobis obtusis 3 mm. longis; fructus immaturus 7-8 mm.

longus obovoideus apice calyce persistente coronatus sparse villosulus

vel sordido-puberulus, pyrenis acute costatis. — Ecuador: Prov.

Esmeraldas, Parroquia de Conception, Playa Rica, stream side in

forest, alt. 105 meters, December 11, 1936, Ynes Mexia 8434 (type

in Herb. Field Mus.).

"Flowers white within; corolla blue, pink-tipped exteriorly.

Ornamental."

Palicourea rigida HBK. var. stenophylla Standi., var. nov.

— Folia petiolata, lamina anguste oblongo-oblanceolata vel fere

lineari-oblanceolata 12.5-26 cm. longa apicem versus 2.5-5.5 cm.

lata, apice obtusa et apiculata, basin versus longe sensimque attenu-

198 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

ata; caetera ut in forma typica speciei. — Brazil: Without locality,

date, or name of collector, F. C. Hoehne 19763 (type in Herb.

Field Mus.).

The plant, unfortunately without definite data, represents a

form of this widespread species that is notable for its extremely

narrow leaves. Otherwise it probably has no particular significance.

Palicourea Sodiroi Standi., sp. nov. — Subarborea, ramulis

gracilibus in sicco fuscis subteretibus vel obtuse tetragonis glabris,

internodiis elongatis ad 11 cm. longis; stipulae erectae persistentes

ca. 7 mm. longae profunde bilobae, lobis approximatis ovatis acutis

vaginae aequilongis vel longioribus; folia modica petiolata perga-

mentacea in sicco fusca, petiolo crassiusculo 1.5-3 cm. longo glabro;

lamina elliptico-oblonga 10.5-18 cm. longa 4.5-8.5 cm. lata subito

acuminata vel breviter acuminata, basi obtusa vel acuta, supra sub-

lucida glabra, costa prominula, subtus concolor ad costam nervosque

minute strigillosa vel fere omnino glabra, costa tenera prominente,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 12 arcuatis prominulis teneris

angulo lato interdum fere recto abeuntibus juxta marginem arcuato-

junctis, venis vix elevatis laxe reticulatis, ubique subtus dense

pallido-puncticulata; inflorescentia terminalis 6-8 cm. longe pedun-

culata elongato-thyrsiformis et fere spiciformis ca. 20 cm. longa et

3 cm. lata dense multiflora, rhachi crassa puberula, ramis omnibus

abbreviatis et basi bracteatis, bracteis tenuibus ovatis acutis vix

ultra 3 mm. longis persistentibus inconspicuis; hypanthium glabrum

1 mm. longum obovoideum, calyce late campanulato fere ad basin

lobato, lobis late ovatis acutiusculis erectis; corolla fere 2 cm. longa

extus glabra anguste tubulosa superne vix latior, tubo basi paullo

dilatato medio fere 2 mm. lato, lobis suberectis late ovatis acutiusculis

intus minute puberulis vix ultra 1.5 mm. longis. — Ecuador: Nanegal,

August, 1874, P. L. Sodiro (type in herb. Budapest; photograph and

fragment in Herb. Field Mus.).

Marked by the combination of greatly elongate and almost spike-

like inflorescence and practically glabrous leaves. The inflorescence

appears to have been erect in the living state.

Palicourea vacillans Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex 1.5 m. altus,

ramis teretibus brunneis sparse puberulis, internodiis plerumque

elongatis; vagina stipularis lata vix 2 mm. longa puberula, lobis

remotis linearibus erectis usque 4 mm. longis viridibus; folia modica

fere sessilia firme membranacea, petiolo vix ultra 2 mm. longo;

lamina oblongo-lanceolata ad anguste oblonga vel ovato-oblonga

Studies of American Plants— XI 199

7-11 cm. longa 2-5 cm. lata anguste longiacuminata, basi anguste

rotundata vel saepe emarginata vel breviter cordata, supra in sicco

sublucida lutescens sparse minuteque puberula vel scaberula, costa

nervisque prominulis, subtus paullo pallidior dense breviter velutino-

pilosula, costa tenera prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere

ca. 13 arcuatis teneris prominentibus angulo lato saepe fere recto

abeuntibus in marginem desinentibus, venis paucis laxe reticularis

inconspicuis; inflorescentia terminalis sessilis et e basi triradiata

vel longipedunculata et basi foliaceo-bracteata fastigiato-cymosa,

3.5-5 cm. longa et 4-7 cm. lata, ramis suberectis basi nudis sed supra

basin interdum bracteatis ferrugineo-brunneis hirtellis, bracteis parvis

subulatis, pedicellis crassis angulatis usque 7 mm. longis; fructus

subglobosus vel didymo-globosus 5 mm. longus 5-6 mm. latus sparse

puberulus, pyrenis dorso grosse obtuseque costatis. — Brazil: State

of Minas Geraes, Diamantina, near km. 997.5 of railroad, in over-

grown pasture, alt. 1,260 meters, common, fruit yellowish green,

May 6, 1931, Ynes Mexia 5768 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

The sessile leaves afford an easy means of recognizing this species.

Pentagonia brachyotis Standi. Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17:

171. 1927. Watsonamra brachyotis Standi. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb.

17: 443. 1914. — Known previously only from the type, collected

near Marragantf, Panama. A recent collection is worthy of citation :

Panama: Cana-Cuasi trail, Camp 2, Chepigana District, Prov.

Darten, alt. 600 meters, March 9, 1940, an herb or shrub 60-180 cm.

high, the flowers crimson, M. E. & R. A. Terry 1426.

Psychotria amplifrons Standi., sp. nov. — Ramuli crassi obtuse

tetragoni, novellis sordide puberulis vel villosulis; stipulae non visae,

ut videtur caducae; folia inter maxima petiolata membranacea,

petiolo 7-8 cm. longo villosulo vel glabrato; lamina elliptica, ut

videtur usque 40 cm. longa (apice non viso), 17-20 cm. lata, prope

basin subito contracta et longe angusteque cuneato-decurrens, supra

in sicco fusca glabra, costa sulcata, nervis non elevatis, subtus

brunnescens praesertim ad costam nervosque dense breviterque

villosula, aliter sparse minute villosula vel glabrata, costa crassiuscula

prominente, nervis lateralibus numerosis prominentibus angulo recto

vel fere recto divergentibus fere rectis juxta marginem sursum

curvatis et arcuato-conjunctis, venis paucis prominulis laxe reticu-

lars; inflorescentia terminalis ampla breviter pedunculata cymoso-

paniculata dense multiflora ca. 8 cm. longa et duplo latior, ramis

plerumque late divaricatis basi bracteatis sparse praesertim ad nodos

villosulis vel fere glabris, bracteis patentibus ovato-oblongis acumi-

200 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

natis 3-4 mm. longis sparse villosulis, floribus dense aggregatis

sessilibus vel breviter crasse pedicellatis; hypanthium breve column-

are glabrum, calyce campanulato 2.5-3 mm. longo glabrato ad

medium lobato, lobis ovali-ovatis obtusissimis erectis; corolla extus

glabra vel glabrata in alabastro apice crasse obtuseque 5-verrucosa,

tubo superne dilatato, lobis 5 patentibus triangulari-oblongis tubo

aequilongis intus puberulis, fauce parce barbato; antherae oblongae

subexsertae.— Ecuador: In silv. conv. Nanegal, August, 1874, P. L.

Sodiro (type in herb. Budapest; photograph and fragment in Herb.

Field Mus.).

The leaves are larger than those of any other Ecuadorean species,

and are equaled in size by few if any species from other parts of

tropical America.

Psychotria axillaris Willd. Sp. PI. 1: 962. 1797. Appunia

parviflora Lundell, Contr. Univ. Mich. Herb. 4: 28. 1940.— The

type of Appunia parviflora is Gentle 2986 from Silk Grass Reserve,

British Honduras. Psychotria axillaris is fairly common in some

parts of South America and widely distributed, ranging from

Colombia through the Guianas and southward far into Brazil and

to the western slopes of Bolivia. In North America, rather strangely,

it has been collected, so far as herbarium material indicates, only

along the Atlantic coast of Guatemala and in British Honduras.

Such a range is a quite natural one, but it is somewhat strange that

the species has not been found anywhere between Colombia and

Guatemala. Probably it will be discovered there when those inter-

vening areas have been more thoroughly explored.

Psychotria boliviana Standi. Field Mus. Bot. 7: 302. 1931.—

Of this species, endemic, so far as now known, in Bolivia, several

collections have been made recently, all from the Department of

La Paz: Prov. Larecaja, Tuiri, near Mapiri, left bank of Rio Mapiri,

alt. 490-750 meters, a shrub of 5 meters, September, 1939, B. A.

Krukoff 10906; a shrub of 3.5 meters, Krukoff 10981. Prov. Larecaja,

Copacabana, about 10 km. south of Mapiri, alt. 850-950 meters,

a tree of 6 meters, Krukoff 11248; a shrub of 3 meters, Krukoff

11378. Prov. S. Yungas, basin of Rio Bopi, San Bartolome, near

Calisaya, alt. 750-900 meters, July, 1939, a shrub of 4 meters,

Krukoff 10362.

Psychotria Bradei Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex ut videtur densis-

sime ramosus dense foliatus, ramis gracillimis subteretibus dense

breviter hispidulis, pilis patulis vel adscendentibus, internodiisplerum-

Studies of American Plants — XI 201

que brevibus; stipulae persistentes in vaginam vix 1 mm. longam

subtruncatam connatae, vagina utroque latere setis 2 erectis ca.

1 mm. longis vel interdum bene longioribus onusta; folia inter minima

breviter petiolata rigide membranacea, petiolo gracili hispidulovel

puberulo usque 4 mm. longo; lamina elliptica ad lanceolato-elliptica

1.5-3 cm. longa 7-12 mm. lata acuta vel acuminata, acumine ipso

anguste obtuso, basi cuneato-acuta, supra in sicco fusco-viridis

glabra sublucida, costa tenerrima prominula, nervis obsoletis, subtus

paullo pallidior ad costam teneram prominentem sparse puberula

vel fere glabra, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 9 obliquis pro-

minulis arcuatis prope marginem conjunctis, venis paucis incon-

spicuis; inflorescentiae terminales 1-3-florae sessiles vel breviter

pedunculatae, pedicellis puberulis usque 3 mm. longis rigidis,

bracteis subulatis parvis; hypanthium puberulum obconicum ca.

1.2 mm. longum, calyce campanulato 4-dentato extus puberulo

0.8 mm. longo, dentibus triangularibus acutis; corolla ut dicitur

alba, non visa; fructus caeruleus glaber subglobosus basi et apice

rotundatus ca. 4 mm. longus et aequilatus. — Brazil: Estado do Rio

de Janeiro, Sta. M. Magdalena, Alto da Republica, March 3, 1935,

Santos Lima & A. C. Brade 14275 (herb. Jard. Bot. Rio 27681;

type in Herb. Field Mus.). Sta. Magdalena, Alto do Desengano,

alt. 2,000 meters, March 5, 1934, Santos Lima & Brade 13356 (herb.

Jard. Bot. Rio 24609).

It is strange that so well marked a species occurring in Rio de

Janeiro should not have been named long ago, but I have found no

name that seemed applicable to this plant. Moreover, Mr. Brade's

recent explorations in this state have discovered a number of other

Rubiaceae that seemed to be new. P. Bradei is noteworthy for the

greatly reduced leaves and inflorescences.

Psychotria chiococcoides Standi., sp. nov. — Subgenus Ma-

pouria. Frutex glaber, ramis gracillimis teretibus fuscis sparse lenti-

cellatis, internodiis plus minusve elongatis; stipulae caducae oblongo-

lanceolatae 4 mm. longae ferrugineae acuminatae apicem versus

interdum sparse pilosae; folia parva petiolata membranacea in sicco

fusca, petiolo gracili 4-7 mm. longo; lamina oblongo-elliptica vel

lanceolato-elliptica 4-6 cm. longa 1.5-2.5 cm. lata, acuta vel acu-

minata, basin versus sensim cuneato-angustata vel interdum

subabrupte contracta et attenuato-decurrens, supra opaca, costa

nervisque vix elevatis, subtus concolor, costa gracili prominente, ner-

vis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 8 paullo irregularibus prominulis

arcuatis laxe arcuato-conjunctis, venis obscuris; inflorescentia termi-

202 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

nalis cymoso-paniculata parva laxissime pauciflora 2-3 cm. longa et

aequilata vel latior, gracillime ca. 3 cm. longe pedunculata, floribus

omnibus pedicellatis, pedicellis gracillimis usque 5 mm. longis, brac-

teis minutis; fructus globosus ca. 3 mm. diam. basi et apice rotun-

datus, pyrenis dorso obtuse costatis. — Brazil: Mogi-Guassu, Sao

Paulo, July 18, 1902, collector unknown (F. C. Hoehne 11890; type in

Herb. Field Mus.).

The plant is related to Psychotria capillacea (Muell. Arg.)

Standi., comb. nov. (Mapouria capillacea Muell. Arg. in Mart. Fl.

Bras. 6, pt. 5: 405. 1881), whose leaves are rather long-acuminate at

the apex and merely acute at the base. The inflorescences of the

two species are much alike.

Psychotria foetidiflora Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex 2-4-metralis,

ramis teretibus in sicco fuscis lenticellatis glabris, internodiis elon-

gatis; stipulae coriaceae persistentes in vaginam latam 3 mm. longam

truncatam glabram connatae, utroque latere lobis 2 subulatis 4-4.5

mm. longis rigidis erectis auctae; folia modica breviter petiolata

papyracea, petiolo 6-8 mm. longo glabra crassiusculo; lamina lanceo-

lato-oblonga 14-22 cm. longa 4.5-7.5 cm. lata longissime et sub-

abrupte attenuato-acuminata, acumine saepe aliquanto falcato, basi

acuta vel subcontracta et attenuato-decurrens, supra glabra, costa

nervisque prominentibus, venulis vix prominulis reticulatis, subtus

fere concolor, glabra vel glabrata, costa gracili elevata, nervis later-

alibus utroque latere ca. 9 prominentibus pallidis angulo lato, saepe

fere recto, adscendentibus arcuatis arcuatim prope marginem con-

junctis, venis prominulis laxe reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis

sat dense multiflora cymoso-paniculata, paniculis 3-6.5 cm. longis

2.5-4 cm. latis, ramis sparse minuteque puberulis vel fere glabris

crassiusculis, infimis patentibus vel adscendentibus, omnibus basi

bracteatis, bracteis minutis saepe fere nullis, floribus plerumque

sessilibus cymose aggregatis; hypanthium late columnare glabrum

1 mm. longum, calyce late campanulato 1 mm. longo truncato et

remote minutissime denticulato glabra; floras foetidissimi albi,

corolla extus glabra in alabastro apice obtusissima 4-5 mm. longa,

in fauce dense pilis longis albis barbata, lobis patentibus vel recurvis

lineari-oblongis obtusis tubo multo longioribus; antherae longiex-

sertae oblongae 1 mm. longae. — Brazil: Parintins, civ. Amazonas,

silva non inundabili, December 12, 1935, A. Ducke 34998 (type in

Herb. Field Mus.).

Psychotria Garciae Standi., sp. nov. — Subgenus Mapouria.

Frutex metralis omnino glaber dense ramosus, ramis teretibus fer-

Studies of American Plants — XI 203

rugineis, novellis in sicco fuscis, internodiis foliis duplo brevioribus;

stipulae caducae membranaceae ferrugineae ca. 4 mm. longae sub-

truncatae primo coalitae serius uno latere fissae, utroque latere apice

appendice 3-5 mm. longo subulato auctae; folia inter minima breviter

petiolata rigide membranacea, petiolo crassiusculo usque 5 mm.

longo; lamina anguste oblongo-lanceolata usque lineari-lanceolata

vel lineari-oblanceolata 2-4 cm. longa 5-10 mm. lata longe angus-

teque attenuata, apice ipso acutiusculo, basin versus longe anguste-

que attenuata, supra in sicco fusca opaca, nervis venisque occultis,

subtus brunnescens, costa vix prominula, nervis lateralibus utroque

latere ca. 6 obliquis irregularibus angulo ca semirecto adscendentibus

inconspicuis, venis obsoletis; flores ut videtur terminales et sub-

capitato-aggregati (vel solitarii?) sessiles foliis occulti; calyx ad

apicem fructus persistens campanulatus fere ad medium dentatus;

fructus ovalis 6-7 mm. longus, pyrenis dorso obtuse grosse costatis. —

Colombia: Dept. Nariiio, east side of Gorgona Island, near sea level,

in dense forest along stream, February 11, 1939, E. P. Killip &

Hernando Garcia 33152 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

A species of distinctive appearance, because of the very dense

foliage and small, narrow leaves, and also on account of the peculiar

inflorescences, which, however, are not well represented upon the

single specimen available for study. The relationship is probably

with P. chagrensis Standi., of Panama, Costa Rica, and Nicaragua.

Psychotria luxurians Rusby, Mem. Torrey Club 6: 50. 1896. —

The species was described from the eastern slopes of the Bolivian

Andes, and ranges northward to Colombia. It has not been recorded

from North America, but the following collections have appeared

recently from Panama: Rain forest, Cana-Cuasi trail, Real District,

Prov. Dari&i, alt. 1,650 meters, a shrub of 2.5-3.5 meters, March,

1940, M. E. & R. A. Terry 1573; same region, Camp 2, alt. 600

meters, March, 1940, a shrub of 2-2.5 meters, flowers white, No.

1524; same region, Camp 2, a tree of 4.5-9 meters, No. 1458.

Psychotria macrophylla R. & P. var. angustissima Standi.,

var. nov. — A forma typica speciei ut videtur differt tantum foliis

insigniter angustis, lamina lineari-lanceolata vel angustissime lanceo-

lata 20-25 cm. longa 2.5-4 cm. lata longissime angusteque attenuata.

— Panama: Rain forest, north slope, Cana-Cuasi trail, Real District,

Prov. Darien, alt. 1,650 meters, March 16, 1940, M. E. & R. A.

Terry 1597 (type in Herb. Field Mus.). Cana-Cuasi trail, Camp 2,

Chepigana District, alt. 1,200 meters, March 12, 1940, M.E. & R. A.

Terry 1530.

204 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

Described as an herb 30-90 cm. high, with white flowers. Psy-

chotria macrophylla, described originally from Peru, has a wide range,

from Bolivia northward to southern Mexico. In this area it exhibits

considerable variation, and it may well be that when the now abun-

dant herbarium specimens are carefully studied, it will be found that

more than one species is represented. The plant here described is

notable for the extremely narrow leaves, the narrowest I have

noted from any region, and very different from those of the common

form. There are, however, intermediate specimens, and the inflores-

cence is similar to that of broad-leaved plants.

Psychotria mima Standi., sp. nov. — Arbuscula vel frutex ut

videtur dense ramosus, ramis teretibus fuscis vel ferrugineis, novellis

puberulis glabrescentibus, internodiis saepissime brevibus, vetusti-

oribus magis elongatis; stipulae persistentes in vaginam puberulam

vel pilosulam vix ultra 2 mm. longam connatae, vagina utroque

latere in lobos 2 subulatos erectos fere aequilongos desinente; folia

inter minora petiolata crasse membranacea vel fere subcoriacea,

petiolo gracili vel crassiusculo vulgo 8-12 mm. longo breviter pilosulo;

lamina lanceolato-oblonga vel anguste elliptico-oblonga, medio vel

interdum supra medium latissima, acuminata vel longiacuminata,

acumine anguste acuto, basi anguste cuneata vel basin versus longi-

attenuata, supra in sicco fusca glabra vix lucida, costa nervisque

obscuris, subtus vix pallidior saepe brunnescens sat dense pilis

brevibus subpatulis vel subadpressis pilosula tactu mollis, costa

tenera prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 9 angulo

lato adscendentibus arcuatis prominentibus, venis inconspicuis laxe

reticulatis; flores ad apices ramorum pauci vel numerosi capitato-

congesti sessiles, bracteis parvis vel minutis; hypanthium obconicum

vix 1 mm. longum ut calyx dense puberulum, calyce late campanu-

lato ca. 4.5 mm. longo fere ad medium vel multo brevius dentato,

dentibus inaequalibus acutiusculis late triangularibus, calyce in-

terdum sub truncate et remote dentato; corolla extus densissime basi

tubi fere glabra tantum excepta pilis minutis subadpressis pallidis

sericea, tubo 7-8 mm. longo fauce vix dilatato, intus in fauce barbata,

lobis patentibus vel recurvis tubo paullo brevioribus lineari-oblongis

obtusis; antherae lineari-oblongae semiexsertae; fructus globoso-

ovalis ca. 7 mm. longus et fere aequilatus sparse hirtellus vel glabratus

calyce paullo accrescente coronatus. — Brazil (State of Sao Paulo):

Dense forest, Estacao Biologica, Alto da Serra, alt. 800-900 meters,

February 12, 1929, L. B. Smith 1878 (type in Herb. Field Mus.);

Studies of American Plants— XI 205

same locality, February 6, 1920, A. Gehrt 4500; March 4, 1918,

F. C. Hoehne 1590; March 4, 1931, Hoehne 27225.

The several well preserved specimens are all alike and represent

a distinct specific entity that is without an earlier name, so far as

I have been able to discover. The collections, rather remarkably,

have been referred at various times to the genera Faramea, Alibertia,

and Uragoga, to the first two of which they certainly have little

similarity.

Psychotria necopinata Standi. Field Mus. Bot. 11: 242. 1936 —

The type is Holt & Gehriger 386 from the Rio Negro, Brazil, and one

other specimen from the same region was cited with the original

description. Two other collections typical of the species have come

to hand more recently: Brazil: Rio Curicuriary affl. Rio Negro,

silva ad ripas rupestres infra cataractas, frutex vel arbuscula usque

4 m. alta, flor. sordide aurantiacis, December, 1931, A. Ducke

24425. — French Guiana(?): Guyane, Moricand 205 (ex herb. Deles-

sert). The species is one of a rather large number that might be

placed about equally well in either Psychotria or Cephaelis.

Psychotria Pachecoana Standi. & Steyerm., sp. nov. — Frutex

ramosus 2-2.5 m. altus, ramis gracilibus teretibus viridibus vel

olivaceis dense pilis brevibus patulis lutescentibus pilosulis, inter-

nodiis plerumque brevibus; stipulae persistentes dense fulvo-pilosulae,

vagina lata aliquanto incrassata ca. 4 mm. alta truncata, lobis remotis

3-4 mm. longis et ultra anguste triangulari-attenuatis erectis; folia

breviter petiolata crasse membranacea, petiolo gracili 5-15 mm.

longo dense breviterque piloso; lamina oblongo-oblanceolata vel

anguste oblongo-lanceolata 7-15 cm. longa 2-4 cm. lata longe

angusteque attenuata, basin angustam versus longe cuneato-an-

gustata, supra viridis ubique sat dense pilis brevibus patulis vel

subadpressis lutescentibus pilosa, costa nervisque obviis sed non

elevatis, subtus pallidior et lutescens, dense velutino-pilosa, costa

gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 20 prominentibus

leviter arcuatis angulo lato adscendentibus, venulis arete reticularis;

inflorescentia terminalis 1.5-2 cm. longe pedunculata cymoso-pani-

culata multiramosa dense multiflora in statu fructifero 3.5-5 cm.

longa et usque 7 cm. lata, ramis omnibus basi bracteatis fere rec-

tangule patentibus dense hispidulo-pilosis, bracteis fere subulatis

usque 4 mm. longis, floribus sessilibus dense aggregatis; fructus

subglobosus 4 mm. longus basi et apice rotundatus sparse hirtellus,

pyrenis dorso grosse obtuseque costatis. — Guatemala: Damp forest,

mountain side north of the divide rising north of Santa Rosa, Dept.

206 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

Baja Verapaz, alt. about 1,650 meters, March 30, 1939, Paul C.

Standley 69922 (type in Herb. Field Mus.). Near San Jos£, south-

east of Tactic, Dept. Alta Verapaz, alt. 1,500 meters, wet thicket,

March 30, 1939, Standley 69627.

The species is a well marked one, not obviously related to any

other of southern Mexico or northern Central America, and note-

worthy especially for the very dense, close, yellowish pubescence.

It is named for Don Mariano Pacheco Herrarte of the Direction

General de Agricultura of Guatemala, to whom we are indebted for

innumerable courtesies and favors during the course of our work

in Guatemala.

Psychotria Sodiroi Standi., sp. nov. — Arbuscula, ramulis graci-

libus subteretibus olivaceo-ochraceis, novellis ut videtur in sicco

viridibus dense et minutissime puberulis vel glabratis, internodiis

brevibus; vagina stipularis lata 3 mm. longa dense adpresso-pilosa,

lobis utroque latere 2 erectis viridibus 4-5 mm. longis lineari-

attenuatis glabris; folia parva breviter petiolata membranacea,

petiolo tenui 6-15 mm. longo minute puberulo; lamina anguste

lanceolato-oblonga 7-12 cm. longa 2-3.5 cm. lata subabrupte angus-

teque longiacuminata, acumine fere caudiformi interdum subfalcato

usque 2 cm. longo, basi acuta, supra viridis glabra, costa elevata,

nervis non elevatis, subtus pallidior ad costam nervosque sparse

vel dense pilosa, aliter glabra vel glabrata, costa tenerrima promi-

nente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 14 arcuatis prominulis

angulo lato divergentibus juxta marginem arcuato-conjunctis, venulis

vix prominulis laxe reticulatis, nervo 1 secundario intra paria pri-

mariorum et cum eis parallelo addito; inflorescentia terminalis 2 cm.

longe pedunculata laxe multiflora cymoso-paniculata ca. 4 cm. longa

et 6 cm. lata e basi triradiata, ramis gracilibus patentibus basi

bracteatis dense adpresso-pilosis, basalibus usque 1.8 cm. longis,

bracteis basalibus linearibus et usque 17 mm. longis, ceteris oblongis

ad ovatis viridibus et foliaceis obtusis ca. 4 mm. longis arete imbri-

catis et flores involventibus, floribus sessilibus ad apices ramulorum

dense aggregatis; hypanthium minute puberulum ovale vix 1 mm.

longum, calyce campanulato viridescente minute puberulo profunde

lobato, lobis late triangulari-ovatis acutiusculis erectis; corolla in

alabastro 5 mm. longa apice obtusissima prope apicem minute hirtella,

inferne glabra, tubo crasso superne vix dilatato, lobis tubo plus quam

duplo brevioribus. — Ecuador: Nanegal, August, 1874, P. L. Sodiro

(type in herb. Budapest; photograph and fragment in Herb.

Field Mus.).

Studies of American Plants — XI 207

Psychotria solitudinum Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex 3-metralis,

ramis gracillimis, vetustioribus ochraceis obtuse tetragonis, novellis

viridibus glabris in sicco infra nodos paullo constrictis, internodiis

superioribus 3-4.5 cm. longis; stipulae 4 mm. longae virides persis-

tentes erectae bilobae, segmentis approximatis rigidis obtusis vel

subacutis; folia modica petiolata papyracea, petiolo gracili 2-2.5 cm.

longo glabro; lamina elliptico-oblonga 15-17.5 cm. longa 6-7 cm. lata

abrupte breviter acuminata, acumine anguste triangulari acuminato,

basi acuta, glabra, supra in sicco viridis, costa nervisque promi-

nentibus, subtus multo pallidior, costa tenera elevata, nervis later-

alibus utroque latere ca. 15 teneris prominentibus pallidis angulo lato

abeuntibus leviter arcuatis prope marginem arcuato-conjunctis,

venis fere obsoletis; inflorescentia terminalis ca. 7.5 cm. longe pedun-

culata cymoso-paniculata erecta(?) laxissima, pedunculo superne

breviter hirtello, panicula ca. 11 cm. longa et aequilata vel latiore,

ramis gracillimis omnibus basi bracteatis patentibus vel subreflexis

hirtellis, bracteis plerumque ovatis et ca. 3 mm. longis, inferioribus

paullo longioribus viridibus persistentibus hirtellis, floribus secus

ramos sessilibus remotis; hypanthium puberulum latum ca. 0.8 mm.

longum, calyce campanulato in sicco lutescente puberulo truncato

ca. 1.2 mm. alto; corolla in alabastro apice breviter obtuse 5-tuber-

culata extus sat dense breviter pilosa, expansa 7-8 mm. longa lutea,

tubo brevissimo glabrato subito in faucem 3-3.5 mm. latum dilatato,

lobis ovato-oblongis obtusis fere 2 mm. longis. — Costa Rica: In

forest, vicinity of El General, Prov. San Jose\ alt. 700 meters, June,

1939, Alexander F. Skutch 4347 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

In the key to the species of Psychotria in Flora of Costa Rica the

plant would run directly to P. cuspidata Bredem., a species to which

it is not closely related. It is more closely related to P. Berteriana

DC. in which the calyx is dentate.

Psychotria vichadensis Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex nanus sat

dense ramosus 40-50 cm. altus, ramis gracillimis subteretibus brun-

nescentibus vel viridibus dense minute puberulis, internodiis vulgo

foliis duplo brevioribus; stipulae persistentes virides vix 1 mm.

longae, inferne in vaginam truncatam coalitae, lobis utroque latere

2 brevibus remotis subulatis erectis; folia inter minima breviter

petiolata firme membranacea, petiolo gracili e lamina non bene dis-

tincto usque 4 mm. longo; lamina lineari-lanceolata 2.5-3.5 cm.

longa 4-6 mm. lata apicem angustum versus longe sensimque atten-

uata, basin versus longe anguste attenuata et fere ad basin petioli

decurrens, supra lutescens lucida glabra, costa prominula, subtus

208 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

paullo pallidior, sparse minutissime puberula vel fere glabra, costa

tenui prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 7 tenerrimis

irregularibus angulo semirecto vel paullo latiore adscendentibus;

flores terminales capitato-aggregati, capitulis brevissime peduncu-

latis ca. 5-floris, floribus arete sessilibus, bracteis exterioribus 1.5-2

mm. longis viridibus ovatis acuminatis; hypanthium subglobosum

ca. 0.5 mm. longum puberulum, calyce cupuliformi paullo breviore

minute inaequaliter dentato; corolla alba extus minute sparseque

pilosula apice rotundata, 6 mm. longa, tubo sursum paullo dilatato,

lobis oblongo-ovatis acutiusculis tubo ca. duplo brevioribus ut vi-

detur patulis; antherae lineares exsertae 1 mm. longae. — Colombia:

Comisaria El Vichada, abundant in sandy soil along Rio Vichada,

in forest, near San Jos£ de Ocune, alt. 100 meters, May 4, 1939,

Oscar Haught 2807 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

A well differentiated species, marked by its dwarf habit, almost

minute flower heads, and especially by the exceedingly small and

narrow leaves.

Rudgea cipoana Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex bimetralis, ramis

crassiusculis teretibus in sicco brunnescentibus glabris, internodiis

elongatis; stipulae ca. 1 cm. longae coriaceae persistentes basi in-

crassatae, ad medium vel profundius laciniato-lobatae, laciniis sub-

ulatis hispidulis; folia modica glabra breviter petiolata coriacea,

petiolo crasso 5-8 mm. longo; lamina anguste lineari-lanceolata vel

fere lineari-oblonga 8-13 cm. longa 1.3-2.5 cm. lata apicem acutum

versus angustata, basin versus longe angusteque angustata, sub-

lucida, supra in sicco olivacea, costa pallida vix elevata, nervis mani-

fests sed non elevatis, subtus multo pallidior, costa valde elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 13 teneris prominulis irregulari-

bus angulo ca. semirecto adscendentibus prope marginem irregulariter

conjunctis, venis prominulis laxe reticulatis, margine plus minusve

revoluto ; inflorescentiae parvae terminales capituliformes dense mul-

tiflorae obscure trilobae 1.5 cm. longe pedunculatae, in statu fructi-

fero 1.5 cm. latae, floribus arete sessilibus; calyx ad apicem fructus

persistens, sepalis fere distinctis subulato-attenuatis ca. 2 mm.

longis; fructus globosus 5-6 mm. longus glaber. — Brazil: Minas

Geraes, capao, Serra do Cipo, km. 134, Municipio Santa Luzia,

common, February 4, 1938, H. Mello Barreto 8892 (herb. Jard. Bot.

Bello Horizonte 26197; type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Distinguishing characters of the species are the almost free, long

and narrow calyx lobes, and the unusually narrow, leathery leaves,

conspicuously paler on the under surface.

Studies of American Plants— XI 209

Rudgea hypomalaca Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex vel arbuscula,

ramis crassis nodosis subteretibus ochraceis vel sordidis dense brevi-

ter hirtellis; stipulae persistentes et plus minusve induratae 5-8 mm.

longae alte connatae extus dense hirtellae vel sordido-puberulae,

lobis latis obtusis extus ad vel infra apicem setis paucis vel numerosis

stramineis subulatis brevibus onustae, intus ad basin dense sub-

ulato-setosae; folia modica breviter petiolata coriacea vel subcoriacea,

petiolo crasso 4-8 mm. longo dense hirtello; lamina oblonga, elliptico-

oblonga vel lanceolato-oblonga, interdum supra medium paullo

latior, acuta vel subacuminata, apice ipso vulgo obtuso, basi cuneato-

angustata vel interdum subito contracta et acuta, supra in sicco

fusca vel aliquanto flavescens glabra, costa saepe anguste impressa,

nervis tenerrimis prominulis, sublucida, subtus pallidior ubique sat

dense molliterque pilis patulis pilosa, costa elevata, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere ca. 10 teneris prominentibus angulo lato adscen-

dentibus subarcuatis, venulis prominulis laxe reticulatis, margine

interdum revoluto ; inflorescentiae terminales sessiles capitatae dense

multiflorae 1.5-2 cm. diam., bracteis extimis stipulis conformibus,

floribus arete sessilibus; calyx extus dense fulvo-pilosus fere ad basin

lobatus, lobis inaequalibus triangulari-oblongis obtusis vel acutius-

culis usque 2 mm. longis; corolla alba extus dense villosulo-pilosa

12 mm. longa, tubo late obconico, lobis lanceolato-oblongis obtusis

paten tibus intus ad basin longivillosis; stamina breviter exserta,

filamentis tubo corollae bene longioribus gracilibus, antheris anguste

oblongis 2 mm. longis; discus glaber tumidus. — Brazil (State of

Minas Geraes): Capoeira, Serra do Itacolomy, Municipio Ouro

Preto, October, 1937, J. Badini 3161 (Jard. Bot. Bello Horizonte

22483; type in Herb. Field Mus.); same locality, campo, September

24, 1938, Badini 3208; matta, October 9, 1938, Badini 3251. Beira

de corrego, Falcao (Ouro Preto), October 10, 1938, Badini 3241;

October 23, 1938, Badini 3248.

The most obvious character of this Brazilian species is the abun-

dant, soft, velvety pubescence of the lower leaf surface.

Rudgea mazanensis Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex 3-metralis

glaber, ramis gracilibus sed rigidis subteretibus ochraceis, internodiis

elongatis; stipulae persistentes coriaceae breviter bilobae intus ad

basin dense setis incrassatis pallidis onustae 2-3 mm. longae, lobis

latis obtusis vel rotundatis; folia modica fere sessilia firme papy-

racea, petiolo crassiusculo vix ultra 2 mm. longo; lamina variabilis

ovata usque late ovata vel late elliptica 6.5-11 cm. longa 3.5-6.5 cm.

lata subito sensimve longiacuminata, basi rotundata vel anguste

210 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

rotundata, interdum paullo angustata, basi ipsa obtusa usque trun-

cata, glabra, supra in sicco lutescenti-olivacea, costa nervisque promi-

nentibus, subtus fere concolor, costa tenera prominente, nervis later-

alibus utroque latere ca. 8 teneris prominentibus angulo lato interdum

fere recto abeuntibus subarcuatis, venulis vix prominulis laxe reticu-

latis; inflorescentia parva terminalis sessilis vel subsessilis cymosa

sat dense multiflora vix ad 2 cm. longa et aequilata, floribus ple-

rumque in cymulas trifloras dispositis, flore terminali cymulae sessili,

lateralibus sessilibus vel pedicellatis, pedicellis crassiusculis vix ultra

1 mm. longis, bracteis minutis late ovatis inconspicuis; hypanthium

obovoideum ca. 1.2 mm. longum, calyce campanulari vix ultra 1 mm.

longo truncato; corolla alba in alabastro apice obtusissima extus

glabra, tubo ut videtur brevissimo; fructus 5 mm. longus in sicco

obtuse quadrangularis. — Peru: Dept. Loreto, Gamitanacocha, Rio

Mazan, river bank, alt. 100-125 meters, March 5, 1935, Jose M.

Schunke 351 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

In general appearance as well as in details this is similar to the

widespread Rudgea cornifolia (Humb. & Bonpl.) Standi., which

might well be expected to occur in Peru, but in that species the

inflorescence is always long-pedunculate.

Rudgea Mello-Barretoi Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex 1-3 metralis,

ramis crassis valde nodosis subteretibus cinereis vel pallide ochraceis,

internodiis abbreviatis, novellis dense hispidulis; stipulae ca. 5 mm.

longae fere liberae triangulari-ovatae hispidulae subulato-mucro-

natae, basi et infra apicem setis paucis incrassatis pallidis auctae,

longe persistentes et basi valde incrassatae; folia inter minora brevis-

sime petiolata vel subsessilia crasse coriacea, petiolo crasso vix ultra

2 mm. longo hispidulo, saepius fere nullo; lamina oblonga vel ob-

longo-ovalis 3.5-5.5 cm. longa 1.5-3.5 cm. lata obtusa usque rotun-

data, basi obtusa usque breviter cordata, supra viridis lucida glabra,

costa, nervis et venis prominulis, subtus paullo pallidior, saltern

prope basin et ad costam breviter hirtella, serius fere glabra, costa

crassiuscula prominente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 7

prominentibus subarcuatis angulo latiusculo adscendentibus, prope

marginem irregulariter conjunctis, venis prominentibus arete reticu-

latis, margine interdum revoluto; inflorescentia terminalis densissime

multiflora thyrsiformis vel fere capituliformis usque 3 cm. longa et

2.5 cm. lata sed interdum multo brevior breviter vel longiuscule

pedunculata, ramis omnibus abbreviatis crassis puberulis, floribus

sessilibus, bracteis parvis inconspicuis lanceolatis vel ovatis; hypan-

thium late obovoideum puberulum vel fere glabrum, sepalis fere

Studies of American Plants — XI 211

distinctis 1 mm. longis viridibus oblongo-lanceolatis acutis fere gla-

bris; corolla alba extus minute hirtella in alabastro obtusa, tubo

crassiusculo sursum paullo dilatato 3.5-4 mm. longo, fauce albo-

villoso, lobis paten tibus aequilongis lanceolato-oblongis obtusis;

apices tan turn antherarum exsertae, stylo exserto. — Brazil: State of

Minas Geraes, na pedra, Bandeirinha, Municipio Diamantina,

common, November 10, 1937, H. Mello Barreto 9710 (herb. Jard.

Bot. Bello Horizonte 22234; type in Herb. Field Mus.). Same

locality, November 4, 1937, Mello Barreto 9433 (herb. Jard. Bot.

Bello Horizonte 22230).

Rudgea Pittieri Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex vel arbuscula glabra,

ramulis crassis in sicco striatis subteretibus vel aliquanto complana-

tis, internodiis elongatis; stipulae magnae persistentes et incrassatae

7-8 mm. longae et 1 cm. latae vel ultra apice late rotundatae, dorso

paullo infra apicem appendice 5 mm. longo vel ultra oblongo auctae,

appendice apice setoso-laciniato, setis pallidis numerosis crassis,

intus quoque setiferae; folia inter maxima petiolata subcoriacea,

petiolo crasso 2-3 cm. longo superne marginato; lamina elliptico-

oblonga vel lanceolato-oblonga, interdum supra medium paullo

latior, 17-24 cm. longa et 5.5-10 cm. lata vel major, apice acuminata

vel subito contracta et breviter acuminata, basin versus cuneato-

angustata et ad petiolum decurrens, supra in sicco lucida fuscescens,

costa nervisque prominulis, costa basin versus sulcata, subtus palli-

dior, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 12

tenerrimis prominentibus angulo latiusculo vel interdum semirecto

adscendentibus rectis vel leviter arcuatis prope marginem irregulare

arcuato-junctis, venis obsoletis; inflorescentia terminalis (in statu

fructifero tantum visa) breviter pedunculata ut videtur capitata et

dense multi- vel pauciflora foliaceo-bracteata, floribus ut videtur

omnibus sessilibus; fructus ovalis 1.5 cm. longus et 1 cm. vel ultra

latus. — Panama: Loma de la Gloria, near Fato (Nombre de Dios),

Prov. Colon, alt. 10-100 meters, July-August, 1911, H. Pittier 3855

(type in Herb. Field Mus.).

The two sheets of material at hand are in poor condition for study,

and it is probably on this account that they have remained so long

without a name. Floral details can not be determined. Only a few

species of Rudgea are known from Central America, and this plant

is different from all of them, especially in its very large leaves.

Rudgea pleurocalyx Standi., sp. nov. — Arbor parva omnino

glabra, ramis teretibus ochraceis rigidis, novellis ut videtur viridibus;

stipulae induratae et persistentes fere annuliformes vix ultra 2 mm.

212 Field Museum of Natural History— Botany, Vol. 22

longae, apice setulis numerosis approximatis et confertis brevibus

incrassatis onustae; folia modica petiolata subcoriacea, petiolo 6-12

mm. longo; lamina elliptica vel oblongo-elliptica 8.5-14 cm. longa

4.5-7 cm. lata acuta vel subacuminata, basi obtusa vel subacuta,

supra viridis lucida, costa nervisque prominentibus, subtus paullo

pallidior lucida aliquanto flavescens, costa tenera prominente pallida,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 9 teneris prominulis subarcuatis

angulo latiusculo abeuntibus prope marginem arcuato-conjunctis,

venulis prominulis arete reticulatis; inflorescentia terminalis cymoso-

corymbosa ca. 3.5 cm. longa et 3-5 cm. lata dense multiflora 1.5-2.5

cm. longe pedunculata, ramis basalibus vulgo 5 crassis suberectis,

floribus sessilibus, bracteis late ovatis parvis; hypanthium crassum

1.5 mm. longum, calyce late campanulato 2.5-3 mm. longo costato-

striato brevissime dentato, dentibus latissimis approximatis; corolla

alba in alabastro apice obtusa, tubo crasso 9 mm. longo 3 mm. lato,

lobis paten tibus oblongis obtusis 5 mm. longis; antherae lineares sub-

exsertae; stylus longiexsertus. — Brazil: Parintins, civ. Amazonas,

Lago Uaicurapa, "igapo" secus rivulum juxta campinam, September

5, 1932, A. Ducke 24416 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

Rustia Isernii Standi., sp. nov. — Frutex vel arbor ut videtur

omnino glabra, ramulis crassiusculis ochraceis longitrorsum rugosis,

internodiis superioribus abbreviatis; stipulae caducae, non visae;

folia magna petiolata crasse papyracea, petiolo gracili 3-4 cm. longo;

lamina obovata usque cuneato-oblanceolata 16-22 cm. longa 6.5-10

cm. lata, apice obtusa vel subrotundata atque breviter acutata,

apice ipso obtuso, ad basin longe sensim cuneato-angustata, basi

ipsa anguste acuta, supra in sicco sublucida fuscescens, costa ner-

visque prominentibus, subtus fere concolor, costa gracili elevata,

nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 10 teneris prominentibus sub-

arcuatis angulo latiusculo adscendentibus prope marginem laxe

arcuato-conjunctis, venulis inconspicuis plerumque transversis et

subparallelis arcuatis, laxe hinc inde reticulatis; inflorescentia termi-

nalis breviter racemosa vel subcymosa condensata pauciflora sessilis,

rhachi racemi ca. 7 mm. longa crassa, pedicellis crassiusculis plerum-

que 1-1.5 cm. longis; hypanthium brevissimum, calyce fere rotato

3 mm. lato obsolete lateque lobulato, disco supra calycem valde

protruso; corolla ca. 2.8 cm. longa, tubo crasso sursum paullo dila-

tato fauce 4 mm. lato, lobis 5 anguste lanceolato-oblongis apicem

versus angustatis acutis tubo fere aequilongis. — Peru: Chancha-

mayo, October 14, 1863, Juan Isern 2121 (type in Herb. Field

Mus.); October 19, 1863, Isern 2126.

Studies of American Plants— XI 213

This is the first representative of the genus Rustia to be recorded

for Peru.

SICKINGIA

Several years ago the writer reduced to synonymy under Sick-

ingia (Field Mus. Bot. 12: 390. 1936) the genus Calderonia, originally

described from Salvador, whose single species is now known to have

a wide distribution in Yucatan and northern Central America.

Further study shows that the genus Exandra, published at the same

time as Calderonia, must likewise fall into the synonymy of Sickingia.

Since a new species of the genus is to be described below, it is worth

while to give a key to the species now known from Mexico and

northern Central America.

Leaf blades oblong-obovate, mostly 4.5-8 cm. wide, the basal lateral

nerves not emitting conspicuous secondary nerves on the outer

side S. Salvador ensis.

Leaf blades suborbicular to rounded-ovate or rounded-obovate Or

broadly elliptic, mostly 10-20 cm. wide or larger, the lowest

lateral nerves emitting numerous conspicuous secondary nerves

on the outer side.

Branches of the inflorescence very densely pilose- tomentose;

leaves densely and softly villous beneath; capsule 5 cm. long.

S. mexicana.

Branches of the inflorescence glabrate or merely sparsely puberu-

lent; leaves merely puberulent beneath or sparsely pilose,

barbate in the nerve axils.

Leaf blades densely and minutely puberulent beneath, rather

deeply cordate at the base; capsule 4 cm. long.

S. Calderoniana.

Leaf blades almost glabrous beneath but barbate in the nerve

axils, conspicuously narrowed to the narrowly rounded or

shallowly cordate base; capsules unknown. .S. rhodoclada.

Sickingia salvadorensis Standi. Field Mus. Bot. 12: 390. 1936.

Calderonia salvadorensis Standi. Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci 13: 290.

1923. — The type was collected from a cultivated tree in the city of

San Salvador, Salvador, Calderdn 761. In the original description

specimens were reported also from Tonacatepeque, Nahulingo, and

Sonsonate, Salvador, and from Patalul, Dept. Solola, Guatemala.

The following additional material may be reported from the Her-

barium of Field Museum: Yucatan: Without special locality, Dr.

Roman S. Flores in 1935.— Guatemala: Hiltun, Peten, LundeU 1933.

214 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

Uaxactun, Pet£n, bark white, red after exposure to the air, H. H.

Bartlett 12428. — British Honduras: River bank, Rio Grande, occa-

sional, a tree of 18 meters, the trunk 60 cm. in diameter, flowers

cream, Schipp 1198. Boom, lower Belize River, Duncan Stevenson

18. Punta Gorda region, Schipp 1214. Valentin, El Cayo District,

a tree of 26 meters, the trunk 30 cm. in diameter, Lundell 6367. San

Antonio, Toledo District, in 1929, J. E. Thompson. Stann Creek

District, F. G. Burne (Yale School For. 9705).

The very narrow leaves of this species are distinctive, and all

the material cited is reasonably uniform. Vernacular names reported

are campeche, brasil, palo Colorado, drago, sangre de chucho (Sal-

vador); John Crow redwood, chactemuch, chuc-chenuch (British

Honduras; the last two Maya).

Sickingia mexicana Bullock in Hook. Icon. ser. IV. 4: pi. 3321.

1936. — The species was based upon five collections from the states

of Mexico and Guerrero, all made by Mr. George B. Hinton. The

vernacular name is reported as Cucharillo. The shrub or tree is

said to be 2-6 meters high, and to bear pink flowers. The species

is a very distinct one, especially because of the dense pubescence

covering almost all parts. One additional collection may be reported

for it: Placeres, Distrito de Mina, Guerrero, Mexico, a tree of 4

meters, the anthers yellow, alt. 350 meters, September, 1937, Hinton

10391. In describing this species, its author remarks that one species

of Sickingia "has been found in Honduras." I have seen no material

from that country. Possibly British Honduras was intended, but

that is a quite different country from Honduras.

Sickingia Calderoniana Standi., sp. nov. — Arbor, ramis

crassis ochraceis vel subferrugineis subteretibus pallide elevato-

lenticellatis primo ut videtur dense minuteque puberulis; stipulae

anguste triangulares ca. 3.5 cm. longae longiattenuatae extus dense

minutissime puberulae; folia magna petiolata herbacea, petiolo

crasso 2.5-4.5 cm. longo dense puberulo; lamina late ovato-ovalis

usque suborbicularis 16-26 cm. longa et 12-23 cm. lata vel major,

apice breviter acutata vel acutiuscula, basi lata et vix angustata sat

profunde (usque 3 cm.) cordata, sinu angusto, lobis posticis late

rotundatis, supra sublucida, primo ut videtur densiuscule puberula,

cito glabrata, costa nervisque non prominentibus, subtus pallidior,

ubique dense minuteque sordido-puberula, in axillis nervorum et

venarum hirsuto-barbata, costa gracili elevata, nervis lateralibus

utroque latere ca. 13 angulo semirecto vel latiore adscendentibus

fere rectis versus marginem nervos secundarios 2-3 dichotomos

Studies of American Plants — XI 215

emittentibus, nervis 2 infimis latere exteriore nervos secondarios

plures prominentes et conspicuos emittentibus, venis prominentibus

arete reticulatis; capsula globosa 3-4 cm. longa apice plana, basi

rotundata, dense pallido-lenticellata; semina, ala inclusa, ca. 2.5 cm.

longa et fere 1 cm. lata, ala tenui diaphana. — Salvador: Jayaque,

finca del Dr. Zarate, January 9, 1939, Dr. Mario Levy Van Severe'n 66

(type in Herb. Field Mus.; received from Dr. Salvador Calderon).

Finca del Dr. Augusto Gomez Zarate, Tepecoyo, February 28,

1939, Salvador Calderdn 66.

Local name, Brasil. Here may belong also a sterile specimen,

Calderdn 2189 from the Department of Santa Ana, collected in 1924.

However, in both pubescence and outline the leaves vary substan-

tially from the two collections of S. Calderoniana, and it may be that

another species is represented. This sterile collection was once

determined by the writer as Exandra rhodoclada, discussed below,

but it is improbable that it, or two other Salvadorean ones in sterile

condition reported in the original description of Exandra rhodoclada,

really represent that species.

Sickingia Calderoniana is somewhat similar to S. mexicana, but

in that the capsules are smaller, and in dehiscence their valves are

somewhat upturned; those of S. Calderoniana remain plane. The

dense, long pubescence of S. mexicana is a more conspicuous dis-

tinguishing character. There is some question as to whether S. Cal-

deroniana is distinct from S. rhodoclada, whose capsules are unknown.

The quantity and distribution of the leaf pubescence, and especially

its character, are so different in the two series of specimens that it

seems probable that two amply distinct trees are represented.

Sickingia rhodoclada (Standi.) Standi., comb. nov. Exandra

rhodoclada Standi. Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 13: 292. 1923.— It is

now obvious that Exandra must become a synonym of Sickingia, but

its single species is a valid member of the latter genus. The type

of Exandra rhodoclada is E. W. Nelson 2796, collected between

La Venta and Niltepec, Oaxaca, Mexico. Two recent collections,

both unfortunately sterile, appear to be conspecific: Fortuno,

Coatzacoalcos River, Oaxaca, alt. 30-50 meters, March, 1937,

Llewelyn Williams 8407. Uvero, Oaxaca, alt. 30-90 meters June,

1937, Williams 9439.

Mr. Williams reports the vernacular name as Nazareno and

supplies the following notes: A tree 12-24 meters tall, with spreading

crown; trunk moderately straight, round, 20-40 cm. or more in

diameter, free of branches for as much as 9 meters, slightly fluted;

216 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

branches few, stout, upright or almost vertically disposed; bark

medium brown, fairly smooth ; inner bark white when cut but turning

bright pink on exposure; buttresses 4, about 60 cm. high; sapwood

cream-colored to deep brown; heartwood rich vermillion or dark

brown to almost black, distinctly defined. A deep pinkish red resin

exudes when the bark is cut. Wood not difficult to cut, splits easily,

valued for railroad ties, ax handles, bridge construction, and other

uses requiring strength and durability. Fairly common at Fortuno,

uncommon about Uvero. Growing in upland forest.

Steyermarkia Standi., gen. nov. — Herbae perennes suffruticosae

fere acaules, caule brevissimo nodoso suffruticoso, longihirsutae;

folia opposita ad apicem caulis dense conferta magna membranacea

breviter petiolata acuta vel acuminata, basin versus longe angustata;

stipulae lineari-lanceolatae subfoliaceae et virides persistentes;

flores tetrameri magni rosei cymosi, cymis dense multifloris capituli-

forme condensatis vel subracemosis, inflorescentia longipedunculata

axillari, bracteis magnis linearibus foliaceis; .hypanthium semiglo-

bosum vel campanulatum pilis longissimis glanduliferis obtectum;

calycis lobi 4 fere liberi lineares erecti elongati et subfoliacei persis-

tentes; corolla hypocraterimorpha extus dense longipilosa, tubo

elongato gracili fauce vix dilatato, in fauce non barbato, limbo tubo

duplo breviore 4-lobo, lobis magnis subaequalibus late ovalibus apice

rotundatis intus basin versus pilis sparsis papilliformibus 2-3-locul-

aribus conspersis, late patentibus, in alabastro contortis; stamina 4

in fauce tubi inserta inclusa, filamentis brevibus, antheris dorsifixis

linearibus obtusis; discus annularis; ovarium 2-loculare, stylo fili-

formi, ramis 2 brevibus oblongo-linearibus subrecurvis inclusis; ovula

in loculis numerosis placentis septo affixis inserta, anatropa; capsula

subglobosa majuscula coriacea 2-locularis loculicide ut videtur bi-

valvis polysperma; semina minuta globosa exangulata, testa leviter

reticulata vix foveolata.

Type species, Steyermarkia guatemalensis Standi.

Steyermarkia guatemalensis Standi., sp. nov. — Suffruticosa,

caule usque 8 mm. crasso vix ad 8 cm. longo, nodis brevissimis, prope

apicem densissime foliato; stipulae lineari-lanceolatae usque 2 cm.

longae longissime attenuatae, extus dense albido-hirsutae intus

glabrae; folia magna tenuiter herbacea, petiolo usque 4 cm. longo

sed vulgo multo breviore longihirsuto; lamina oblanceolato-oblonga

vulgo 16-28 cm. longa et 5-10 cm. lata acuta vel acuminata, basin

versus longe sensimque arcuato-angustata, basi ipsa acuta, supra

viridis dense longihirsuta, pilis patentibus albidis usque 6 mm. longis

Studies of American Plants— XI 217

vel ultra, subtus pallida densius longihirsuta, costa tenera promi-

nente, nervis lateralibus utroque latere ca. 16 teneris prominentibus

angulo semirecto vel latiore adscendentibus, venis inconspicuis laxe

reticulatis; pedunculi axillares 9-12.5 cm. longi nudi longihirsuti,

inflorescentia dense congesta et capituliformi, corollis exclusis ca.

5 cm. lata, vel e cymis 3 composita, cymis infimis breviter peduncu-

latis a terminali 3.5 cm. distantibus, bracteis infimis viridibus usque

2 cm. longis anguste lanceolatis longiattenuatis, interioribus paullo

angustioribus sed fere aequilongis dense hirsutis, floribus sessilibus

vel breviter pedicellatis; hypanthium breve dense pilis longis

glanduliferis indutum, sepalis anguste linearibus erectis hirsutis

10-14 mm. longis; corolla extus dense pilis longis patentibus

albidis hirsuta, tubo gracili 3.5-4 cm. longo 2 mm. lato, in fauce

breviter angusteque dilatato, limbo patente profunde lobato, lobis ca.

18 mm. longis et 1 cm. latis, tubo intus glabro; stamina ca. 1.5 cm.

infra orem tubi inserta, antheris 5-6 mm. longis 1.2 mm. latis, fila-

mentis 2 mm. longis glabris; stigmata papillosa; capsula 7-8 mm.

longa dense longihirsuta in sicco straminea basi rotundata; semina

sublucida 0.4 mm. diam. fusco-brunnea. — Guatemala: Dept. Izabal,

Rio Dulce, 2-4 miles west of Livingston, on south side (left-hand side

going up the river), at sea level, April 16, 1940, Julian A. Steyermark

39520 (type in Herb. Field Mus.).

"Suffruticose. On shaded, moist, limestone bluffs, near their

base. Leaves membranaceous, dull grass-green above, the midrib

prominent beneath, greenish white. Calyx lobes pale green. Corolla

white in the center, with regular, equal, orchid-pink lobes. The

lobes in dried specimens have shrunk one-third; in life the corolla

limb measures 4.5-5 cm. in width."

This new genus is named for its collector, Dr. Julian A. Steyer-

mark, Assistant Curator of the Herbarium of Field Museum, as a

well deserved tribute to his enthusiastic and intensive investigation

of the Guatemalan flora, during the Stanley Field Expedition of

1939-40. The plant described is so showy and conspicuous that one

wonders that it has escaped other rather numerous botanical col-

lectors who have visited the Rio Dulce. Perhaps it is rare and very

local in occurrence.

In habit this rubiaceous herb much suggests some of the Acan-

thaceae, being almost acaulescent, with a large number of long, thin

leaves disposed so densely as to appear rosulate. Well above the

leaf cluster rise the long, stiff, naked peduncles, bearing dense clusters

of showy, bright pink, long-tubular flowers. To one familiar with

218 Field Museum of Natural History — Botany, Vol. 22

the Rubiaceae it is clear that the plants, in spite of the unusual size

of their leaves and flowers, bear much resemblance to the genus

Sipanea, to which structural details indicate their close relationship.

The genus Sipanea, of the tribe Rondeletieae, has a number of species

in tropical South America, and one ranges northward to the western-

most Antilles, but no species have been recorded for continental

North America. In Sipanea the plants are low herbs with elongate,

leafy stems, along which are scattered the small leaves. The flowers

are 5-parted, the corolla usually yellow-barbate in the throat, and

the seeds angulate and conspicuously reticulate. The habit of the

Guatemalan plant, combined with 4-parted flowers, naked corolla

throat, and globose, not angulate seeds, are sufficient characters

for its recognition as a distinct genus.

The corolla limb in Steyermarkia is rather shallowly lobed, that

is, not nearly to its base. The pubescence of the young hypanthium

and probably also of other parts consists of very long and slender

hairs that at first are gland-tipped. The glands disappear at an

early stage, perhaps breaking from the hair tips or possibly being

absorbed in some manner.

THE LIBRARY OF THE

SEP 18 1940

UNIVERSITY OF IUIN0IS