The salamandrid genus Tylototriton Anderson 1871 is partitioned. Four extant species (asperrimus, kweichowensis, taliangensis, verrucosus) are retained in Tylototriton. Two extant species (andersoni, chinhaiensis) are placed in Echinotriton gen. nov. The fossil record of salamandrids similar to Tylototriton is reviewed. We suggest that †Salamandra laticeps Goldfuss 1831, †Tylototriton weigelti Herre 1935, and †Tylototriton kosswigi Herre 1949 belong to Tylototriton (sensu stricto). †Tylototriton primigenius Noble 1928 is thought to be a synonym of †Chelotriton paradoxus Pomel 1853, or at least a species of †Chelotriton. Echinotriton is not represented in the fossil record.