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THE AMERICAN SPECIES OF

PASSIFLORACEAE

ELLSWORTH P. KILLIP

ASSOCIATE CURATOR, DIVISION. OF PLANTS

UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM

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NATURAL ©

HISTORY

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UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS

BOTANICAL SERIES

FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

' VOLUME XIX, PART II

APRIL 20, 1938

PUBLICATION 408

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THE AMERICAN SPECIES OF

PASSIFLORACEAE

ELLSWORTH P. KILLIP

ASSOCIATE CURATOR, DIVISION OF PLANTS

UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM

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THE LIBRARY OF THE

MAY 7@=- 1938

UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS

BOTANICAL SERIES

FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

VOLUME XIX, PART II

APRIL 20, 1938

PUBLICATION 408

PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

BY FIELD MUSEUM PRESS

THE AMERICAN SPECIES OF PASSIFLORACEAE

ELLSWORTH P. KILLIP

Subgenus XVIII. GRANADILLA

Series 1. Quadrangulares

195. Passiflora quadrangularis L. Syst. ed. 10. 1248. 1759.

Granadilla quadrangularis Medic. Malvenfam. 97. 1787.

Passiflora quadrangularis var. sulcata Jacq. Stirp. Amer. 232.

1763.

Passiflora tetragona M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 165. 1846.

Passiflora macrocarpa Mast. Gard. Chron. 1869: 1012. 1869.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem stout, 4-angled, the angles con-

< spicuously winged; stipules ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 2 to 3.5 cm.

} long, 1 to 2 em. wide, acute at apex, narrowed at base, entire or

y slightly serrulate, thin-membranous; petioles 2 to 5 cm. long, stout,

canaliculate along upper side, 6-glandular, the glands in pairs, nearly

sessile; leaves entire, broadly ovate or ovate-oblong, 10 to 20 cm.

~ long, 8 to 15 cm. wide, abruptly acuminate, rounded, subtruncate,

» shallowly cordate, entire at margin, penninerved, the midnerve

~ prominent, strongly elevated beneath, the principal lateral nerves

10 to 12 to a side, elevated beneath; peduncles 1.5 to 3 cm. long,

3-angled; bracts cordate-ovate, 3 to 5.5 em. long, 1.5 to 4 cm. wide,

_ acute or acutish, entire or serrulate toward base, thin-membranous;

flowers up to 12 cm. wide; calyx tube campanulate; sepals ovate

or ovate-oblong, 3 to 4 em. long, 1.5 to 2.5 cm. wide, concave,

cucullate at apex, corniculate, greenish or greenish red without,

white, violet, or pinkish within; petals oblong-ovate to oblong-

~ lanceolate, 3 to 4.5 em. long, 1 to 2 em. wide, obtuse, flat, white,

deeply pink-tinged; corona 5-ranked, the 2 outer ranks filamentose,

- subequal (filaments up to 6 cm. long, equaling or somewhat longer

- than the sepals, terete, radiate, banded with reddish purple and white

~ at base, blue at middle, densely mottled with pinkish blue in upper

, half), the third rank tubercular (tubercles clavate, about 2 mm. long,

» deep reddish purple), the fourth rank filamentose (filaments 1 to

~ 1.5 mm. long, banded with reddish purple and white), the innermost

~ rank membranous, 3 to 7 mm. long, unequally lacerate-cleft, slightly

inclined inward; operculum membranous, 4 to 6 mm. long, inclined

335

{

wf FAMILY &O ON.

336 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

inward, denticulate, white, reddish purple at margin; limen annular,

fleshy; gynophore stout, enlarged in lower third by 2 annular proc- |

esses (trochlea); ovary ovoid; fruit oblong-ovoid, 20 to 30 cm.

long, 12 to 15 em. wide, terete or longitudinally 3-grooved; seeds —

broadly obcordate or suborbicular, 7 to 10 mm. long, 5 to 8.5 mm.

wide, strongly flattened, reticulate at center of each face, radiately

striate at margin.

TYPE LOCALITY: Jamaica.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Jacq. Stirp. Amer. pl. 143; Cav. Diss. 10: pl. 283;

Bot. Reg. 1: pl. 14; Vell. Fl. Flumin. 9: pl. 76; Tussac, Fl. Antill. —

4: pl. 10, 11; Trans. Linn. Soc. 2: pl. 3; 27: pl. 64, f. 1-6, pl. 65,

f. 8-10; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 5: pl. 19, 20; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 47:

pl. 12; Garden 59: 7; Bailey, Cycl. Amer. Hort. 1221. f. 1651; Stand.

Cycl. Hort. 2482. f. 2770; Gard. Chron. III. 44: 444; Popenoe,

Man. Trop. Fr. 247. f. 31; Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: pl. 115; Smiths.

Inst. Ann. Rep. 1920: pl. 19. 1922; Ochse, Fruit & Fruitcult. in

Dutch E. Ind. pl. 40. 1931; Mutis, Icon. Pl. Ined. 26: pl. 3.

DISTRIBUTION: Cultivated throughout tropical America, at

elevations up to 2,500 meters, its native region uncertain.

MEXIco: Chiapas: Seler 1969 (B).

GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz: Panzés, J. D. Smith 1626 (N).—

Suchitepéquez: Cuyotenango, J. D. Smith 2466 (K, N). Las Animas,

Shannon 447 (N).—Escuintla: Escuintla, J. D. Smith 2088 (N, Y).

SALVADOR: San Salvador, Calderén 52 (G, N). Tonacatepeque,

Standley 19485 (G, N).

NICARAGUA: “Ile d’Omotepe,” Lévy 1145 (Bo, Gen, P). San

Juan de Nicaragua, Friedrichsthal 546 (V). Chontales, R. Tate

109 (K).

Costa Rica: Pittier 3904 (Brux). Shirores, Tonduz 9325 (Brux,

N). Rio Turrialba, Pittier 13207 (J. D. Smith 7522; K, N, V).

Las Vueltas, Tonduz 13001 (Bo, N). Cairo, Standley & Valerio

48400 (N), 48420 (N). Llanuras de Santa Clara, J. D. Smith 6527

(N). Gudapiles, Standley 37159 (N). El Coyolar, Alajuela, Standley

40041 (N). Puerto Jiménez, Brenes 12260 (F).

PANAMA: Seemann 119 (K).—Canal Zone: Chagres, Fendler 119

(N).—Panama: Juan Diaz, Standley 32057 (N).

BAHAMAS: Curtiss 195 (B, BM, P).

CuBA: Habana: Santiago de Las Vegas, Killip 13521 (N); Van

Hermann 616 (F, K, Mo, N, P). Finca Mulgoba, Van Hermann

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 337

8092 (HV).—Oriente: Baracoa, Ekman 4341 (S). Sierra de Nipe,

Ekman 6503 (8).

Haiti: Tortue Island, Leonard & Leonard 12455 (N). Massif

du Nord, Ekman H3820 (N).

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Poiteawu (B, Gen, P). Rio San Juan,

Miller 1192 (N).

JAMAICA: Browne (Linn, type). Hope Gardens, G. N. Collins

63 (N); Harris 660 (BM, Cal, J); Perkins 43 (B).

PuERTO Rico: Rio Piedras, Stevenson 6715 (N). Bayamén,

Sintenis 531 (B); 1122 (B, BM, G, N, V). Mayagiiez, Sintenis 490

(B). Adjuntas, Underwood & Griggs 778 (N). Sierra de Naguabo,

Shafer 3483 (N, Y).

St. Croix: Ricksecker 279 (F, N), 279bis (F).

SABA: Boldingh (Ut).

St. Eustatius: Van Groll (V).

GUADELOUPE: Duss 3779 (Cop, F, N); Stehlé 462 (N).

MARTINIQUE: Bélanger 431 (P); Duss 884 (N).

St. VINCENT: H. H. Smith 188 (N).

_ TRINIDAD: Trinidad Herb. 2589 (T). Royal Botanic Garden,

Bailey Ta (N), Tb (G, N).

SURINAM: Dahlberg (Linn). Cupido, B. W. 838 (Ut). Wullschlégel

982 (Brux).

BRITISH GUIANA: Jenman 6427 (N). Kabakaburi, Pomeroon

District, De la Cruz 3298 (N, Y).

VENEZUELA: Federal District: Caracas, Pittier 12403 (N).

COLOMBIA: San Bartolomé, Rio Magdalena, Humboldt & Bon-

pland 1623 (P).—Bolivar: Rio Sind, Pennell 4662 (Y).—Santander:

Puerto Wilches, Killip & Smith 14734 (A, G, N, Y), 14823 (A, G, N).

—Boyaca: El Humbo, Lawrance 585 (S).—Cundinamarca: La

Esperanza, Ariste Joseph B87 (N); Cuatrecasas 3246 (Ma).—Huila:

Neiva, Pennell 1135 (Y).—Tolima: Honda, Arisie Joseph B111 (N).

—E]l Chocé: Quibd6, Archer 1852 (N). La Concepcion, Archer 2087

(N).—El Valle: Dryander 162 (B). Cisneros, Killip 11494 (G, N,

Ph, Y).

EcuaADorR: Oro: Portovelo, Rose 23398 (N).

PERU: San Martin: San Roque, L. Williams 7250 (N).—Loreto:

Iquitos, Killip & Smith 27152 (N, Y). Rio Itaya, L. Williams 188

338 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

(F).—Huanuco: Ambo, Macbride & Featherstone 2422 (F, N).

Chinchao, Ruiz & Pavén (Ma).

BoLIviA: La Paz: Coripata, Bang 2198 (BM, Bo, F, G, Gen,

N, Ph, V, Y). Tipuani, Buchtien 7384 (N). Apolo, R. S. Williams

1555 (BM, N, Y).

BRAZIL: Amazon River, Trochon 28 (P).—Minas Geraes: Vicosa,

Mexia 4138a (Cal).

Passiflora quadrangularis is extensively cultivated in tropical

America. The thick rind is often made into sweetmeats or preserves;

the pulp has usually a pleasant flavor, and is used with or without

sugar, or cooked with milk.

Masters segregated P. macrocarpa from P. quadrangularis, but

the justification of this segregation is doubtful. The principal

differences noted by him between the two were: P. quadrangularis—

sepals white within; petals red, longer than the sepals; outermost

corona filaments equaling the petals; innermost corona filaments

dentiform; fruit smaller than in P. macrocarpa, not grooved; P.

macrocarpa—sepals violet within; petals violet, shorter than the

sepals; outermost corona filaments longer than the petals; innermost

corona filaments elongate; fruit very large, 3-grooved.

The herbarium specimens here cited certainly do not show such

a definite correlation of characters, nor do notes made by collectors,

though meager, indicate that two species are represented. The

description of the coloring of the floral parts here given is based on

personal field observations (Killip & Smith 27152). Fruits which

I have examined in tropical markets show much variation in size

and in the degree to which they are grooved. The few specimens

preserved in the Kew Herbarium, where Masters carried on his

studies, do not appear to fall into two readily distinguishable species.

A single plant in flower and fruit in the Kew conservatories, passing

under the name P. quadrangularis, has the relatively small fruits of

that species but the outermost corona filaments are much longer

than the petals, as in Masters’ P. macrocarpa. Until a thorough

study of living material from various parts of tropical America has

been made, with a view to demonstrating conclusively the distinct-

ness of P. macrocarpa, it seems best to regard it at most as a horti-

cultural form of P. quadrangularis.

Probably P. Allard is a horticultural hybrid of P. quadrangularis

and P. caerulea. It is represented in herbaria by Standley & Valerio

44024 (N) and Pittier 481 (Brux), both cultivated near San José,

Costa Rica.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 339

LOCAL NAMES: “Granadilla’’ (throughout Spanish America);

“‘granadilla real’’ (southern Mexico and Central America); “‘sandia

de la Pasién’”’ (Tepic and Guerrero); ‘‘barbadine’’ (French Antilles) ;

“parcha granadina’”’ (Venezuela); “mereékoeja,’”’ “mereékoeja fire-

beroe,” “groote markoesa’’ (Surinam); ‘“‘badea’” (Colombia and

northern Ecuador) ; “‘tumbo” (southern Ecuador and Peru); “‘badera’”’

(Colombia and Ecuador); “quijén’” (Bolivia); ‘‘maracujé-assi,”’

“maracuja uacu,” “‘maracuj4 mam4o”’ (Brazil).

196. Passiflora alata Dryand. Bot. Mag. 1: pl. 66. 1781.

Passiflora mauritiana Du Pet.-Thouars, Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6:

457. pl. 65. 1805.

Passiflora maliformis Vell. Fl. Flumin. 9: pl. 73. 1827. Not

P. maliformis L.

(?)Passiflora tetradena Vand. in DC. Prodr. 3: 331. 1828. Not

P. tetraden Vell.

(?)Passiflora latifolia DC. Prodr. 3: 328. 1828.

(?)Passiflora pyriformis DC. Prodr. 3: 331. 1828.

Passiflora brasiliana Desf. Cat. Pl. Hort. Reg. Paris ed. 3. 411.

1829.

Passiflora mascarensis Presl, Bot. Bemerk. 72. 1844.

Passiflora oviformis M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 167. 1846.

Passiflora alata var. brasiliana Mast. Trans. Linn. Soc. 27: 635.

1871; in Mart. FI. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 597. 1872.

Passiflora alata var. latifolia Mast. Trans. Linn. Soc. 27: 635.

1871; in Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt. 1: 597. 1872.

Passiflora alata var. mauritiana Mast. Trans. Linn. Soc. 27: 635.

1871; in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 597. 1872.

Passiflora sarcosepala Barb. Rodr. Contr. Jard. Bot. Rio de

Janeiro 4: 93. pl. 15. 1907.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem stout, 4-angled, the angles

winged; stipules linear or linear-lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 1 to

2 cm. long, 0.3 to 1 em. wide, entire or serrulate; petioles 3 to 5 cm.

long, channeled above, bearing 2 to 4 sessile, orbicular glands;

leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, 8 to 15 cm. long, 7 to 10 cm. wide,

acuminate at apex, rounded, subcordate, or subcuneate at base,

entire or minutely denticulate, penninerved (principal secondary

nerves 7 or 8 to a side, those of the upper half distant), membranous;

peduncles 1.5 to 2.5 em. long, slightly trigonous; bracts borne at

base of flower, ovate, about 1.5 cm. long, 1 em. wide, acute or acutish,

340 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

serrulate, distinct to base; flowers 10 to 12 cm. wide, sepals oblong,

obtuse, aristate on outer surface about 5 mm. below apex, green

without, deep crimson or carmine within; petals oblong, obtuse,

white without, deep crimson or carmine within; corona 4-ranked,

the 2 outer ranks filamentose, the filaments subulate, 3 to 4 cm.

long, variegated with red, white, and purple, the 2 inner ranks

tuberculate, 2 to 3 mm. long; operculum horizontally spreading

inward, incurved and denticulate at margin; limen annular, fleshy;

gynophore bearing 2 annular processes near middle; ovary oblong

or obovate, obscurely sulcate; fruit obovoid or pyriform, 8 to 10 cm.

long, 4 to 6 cm. wide, yellow.

TYPE LOCALITY: Described from a plant cultivated in England;

probably a native of Brazil.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot. Mag. 2: pl. 66; 46: pl. 2041; Trans. Linn.

Soc. 2: pl. 3; 27: pl. 64, f. 7-18: Bot. Cab. 3: 246; Mém. Mus. Hist.

Nat. 5: pl. $1, f. 18; Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt..1: pl. 114; Vell. Fi.

Flumin. 9: pl. 73; Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6: pl. 65; Engl. & Prantl,

Pflanzenfam. 3, pt. 6a: 90, f. 31; ed. 2, 21: 503. f. 232; Gard. Chron.

ITI. 15: 19; 22: 449-451; 48: 187, f. 79; Contr. Bot Jard. Rio de

Janeiro 4: pl. 15.

DISTRIBUTION: Northeastern Peru; eastern Brazil, where ap-

parently indigenous; often cultivated in Europe.

PERU: Dombey (or Pavén?) 738 (BM, Bo, Gen, P, type of P.

latifolia).—Loreto: Iquitos, Killip & Smith 27468 (N, Y).

BRAZIL: Peckolt (Brux). Pirahy, Pohl (V). Sao Sebastiao,

Pohl 920 (V).- Portinho do Apollinario, Pohl 3108 (V).—Bahia:

Blanchet 432 (Gen).—Matto Grosso: Campo Grande, Archer 3960

(N).—Minas Geraes: Martius (Brux). Caldas, Regnell IIT.642 (S).

Igrejinha, Chase 8629 (Mich, N). Lagéa Santo, Warming 1154

(Cop). Vicgosa, Mexia 4789 (Gen, N). Porto Novo, Barreto 1387

(N).—Rio de Janeiro: Gaudichaud 1033 (P); Warming 1180 (Cop);

Widgren in 1844 (S); Glaziow 6549 (Cop, P). Parahyba do Sul,

St. Hilaire 287 (P).—Sado Paulo: Campo Grande, Edwan 1956 (Cop).

Serra de Caracol, Mosén 1326 (S). Campinas, Heiner 10 (S). Alto

da Serra, Dusén 1014a (Gen,

N, 8). Volta Grande, Dusén 14154 (S). Porto de Cima, Jénsson

(Dusén 612a; S) —Rio Grande do Sul: Porto Alegre, Lindman

A605 (S).

This closely resembles P. quadrangularis, and in many cases the

two are distinguished with difficulty. Passiflora alata has four, or

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 341

sometimes only two, petiolar glands and narrower stipules, and the

leaves usually are smaller, with nerves farther apart and more

strongly arcuate. Constant coronal differences between the two are

not apparent in the herbarium material at hand, though Masters

has noted that an “intermediary corona’”’ is present between the

operculum and the true (faucial) corona in P. quadrangularis and

absent in P. alata.

Passiflora alata evidently is quite variable; some of the names

here listed in synonymy may refer to plants that are sufficiently

distinct from typical P. alata to constitute at least valid varieties.

In Masters’ variety brasiliana the stipules are very narrow, scarcely

more than 2 mm. wide; in his variety mauritiana, known only from

the islands of Mauritius and Bourbon, the leaves are minutely

denticulate. Passiflora latifolia, having four glands and broad leaves,

is perhaps a hybrid of P. quadrangularis and P. alata.

The following are probably horticultural hybrids of this species:

P. Decaisneana (P. alatax P. quadrangularis), P. Lawsoniana Hort.,

not Mast. (P. alatax P. racemosa).

LOCAL NAMES: ‘‘Maracuja de refresco”’ (Brazil).

Series 2. Digitatae

197. Passiflora serrato-digitata L. Sp. Pl. 960. 1753.

Passiflora serrata L. Syst. ed. 10. 1248. 1759.

Passiflora digitata L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 1360. 1763.

Passiflora palmata Lodd. Bot. Cab. 1: pl. 97. 1817.

Passiflora serrata var. digitata R. & P. ex DC. Prodr. 3: 330.

1828.

Passiflora digitata R. & P. ex M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2:

183. 1846.

Passiflora cearensis Barb. Rodr. Contr. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro

4: 92. pl. 16. 1907.

Plant glabrous throughout (except bracts); stem terete; stipules

linear-subulate, about 1.5 em. long, minutely glandular-serrulate

toward apex; petioles up to 10 cm. long, biglandular at apex and

at middle, the glands clavate or ligulate, 1 to 3 mm. long; leaves

up to 15 em. long and 18 em. wide, palmately 5—7-lobed to below

middle (lobes oblong to oblanceolate, up to 4 cm. wide, acute or

acuminate, finely serrulate), cordate, membranous, dull or lustrous;

peduncles about 4 cm. long, slender; bracts ovate-lanceolate, 3 to

5 em. long, united a quarter to a half their length, without finely

342 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

puberulent or essentially glabrous, green, often reddish-maculate,

within glabrous, tomentose at margin, white; flowers 6 to 8 cm.

wide; calyx tube funnel-shaped, 2 to 2.5 em. long, about 2 cm. wide

at throat, greenish white without, cream-white within, often pink-

tinged without and within; sepals oblong, up to 3.5 cm. long, 1 to

1.5 cm. wide, obtuse, greenish white without, blue-tinged within;

petals oblong, up to 3 cm. long, about 1.2 cm. wide, obtuse, pinkish

blue; corona in several series, the 2 outer filamentose, the filaments

radiate, banded with blue and white or purple and white in lower

half, blue or banded with deep blue and pale blue in upper half,

the outer filaments 1 to 1.5 em. long, the inner 2 to 2.5 em. long, the

inner portion of the corona reduced to papillae or minute tubercles

which are deep pink and arranged in 15 or more irregular and broken

rows; operculum horizontally spreading inward, 2 to 3 mm. wide,

filamentose toward margin, pink; gynophore white, bearing 2 thick,

annular processes; ovary ovoid, stipitate; fruit globose, 4 to 5 cm.

in diameter, the pericarp brittle, the pulp white, edible; seeds obovate,

6 to 7 mm. long, 3 to 3.5 mm. wide, tapering at base, reticulate with

20 to 25 reticulations to each face.

TYPE LOCALITY: Martinique.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Amoen. Acad. 1: pl. 10,‘f. 21; Plum. Pl. Amer.

pl. 79; Cav. Diss. pl. 296; Bot. Cab. 1: pl. 97; Mart. Fl. Bras. 18,

pt. 1: pl. 113; Contr. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 4: pl. 16; Cortés,

F]. Colomb. ed. 2, as P. vitifolia.

DISTRIBUTION: West Indies, Guianas, and Amazonian Brazil to

southern Bolivia and Peru; tropical and subtropical zones; some-

times cultivated.

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: El Jovero, Cordillera Central, Ekman

15721 (N).

PUERTO Rico: Rzédlé (P). Sierra de Naguabo, Stevenson 5210

(N, Y); Sintents 5426 (B, N). Bayamon, Stahl (B). Sierra de

Luquillo, Eggers 1372 (B, Cop, N).

GUADELOUPE: Duss 603 (P), 2232 (B, Cop, N, Y); Duchassaing

(B).

Dominica: Imray (B); Ramage in 1888 (B).

MARTINIQUE: Plée (P); Duss 878 (B, F, N, Y), 882 (B, N, Y).

St. VINCENT: H. H. Smith 1312 (B, G).

TRINIDAD and TOBAGO: Broadway 2216 (BM, Brux, Gen), 9124

(K). Chatham, Trinidad Herb. 640 (T). Laventille, Trinidad Herb.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 343

639 (T). Tabequita, Trinidad Herb. 10388 (T); Britton, Freeman &

Nowell 2602 (G, N, T, Y). Mayaro, Trinidad Herb. 11749 (T):

Carmichael, Britton & Hazen 1924 (G, N, Y). Caledonia, Broadway

4542 (B, BM, Cop, F, G). Trurure River, Broadway 7706 (BM,

K, N).

FRENCH GUIANA: Poiteaw (Gen, K).

SURINAM: Hostmann & Kappler 804 (Ut), 804a (S). Paramaribo,

Wullschligel 215 (Brux); Focke 1428 (Ut). Para, Splitgerber 1163

(Leid).

BRITISH GUIANA: “Introduced from Surinam,” Jenman 3589

(BG), 6164 (BG, K), 6255 (BG).

PERU: Pavén (B, Gen, Ma). Hacienda Chalhuapuquio, Stevens

154 (N).—San Martin: Juanjui, Klug 4278 (N).—Loreto: Iquitos,

Killip & Smith 27233 (F, N, Y), 27422 (F, N, Y); L. Williams 3751

(N). Yurimaguas, Poeppig 2172 (V); Killip & Smith 27849 (N, Y).

Lower Rio Huallaga, L. Williams 5153 (N). Rio Ucayali, Tessmann

3373 (B, Gen). Pongo de Manseriche, Tessmann 4955 (Gen).—

Junin: La Merced, Killip & Smith 23931 (F, N, Y), 24052 (F, N, Y).

Paucartambo Valley, Killip & Smith 25422 (F, N, Y).—Ayacucho:

Aina, Killip & Smith 22825 (F, N, Y).—Cuzco: Lares Valley,

Weberbauer 7939 (BM, K, N).—Arequipa: Vito, Ruiz & Pavén (Bo).

BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz: Rio Surutd, Steznbach 7201 (BM, Gen,

K::8).

BRAZIL: Hoffmansegg (BW).—Amazonas: Sao Paulo de Olivenca,

Krukoff 8130 (Y).—Para: Tapana, Killip & Smith 302386 (N, Y).

Porto Alegre, Rio Puri, Huber 7015 (Go). Para, Burchell 9963 (K).

Laranjeiras, Jobert 288 (P). Rio Tapajos, Krukoff 1263 (Gen,

Ut, Y).—Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro (cultivated), Kuhlmann

7763 (S, Ut).

This species is at once recognized by the palmately 5—7-lobed

leaves. The calyx tube is rather longer than in most species of

Granadilla, and is lined within with numerous rows of minute

tubercles, perhaps rudimentary corona filaments. Masters’ figure

does not appear to represent well the interior structure of the flower,

as shown by field observations as well as by dissections of herbarium

material. This figure shows a 2-ranked corona at the throat of the

tube, with another row of filaments about a third of the way down

the tube, and an “‘inframedia’”’ corona (nectar ring) near the base.

The tuberculate lining of the tube is not shown.

344 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL History—Borany, VoL. XIX

Hostman & Kappler 804a, determined as P. filamentosa, probably

belongs here, although the leaves are only 3-lobed. The bracts are

united in the lower half, and the petiolar glands are characteristic

of P. serrato-digitata.

LOCAL NAMES: “Pomme d’agouti” (Guadeloupe); “tagua-tagua’”’

(Puerto Rico); ‘‘maracuja pedra,’”’ “maracuji de cobra” (Brazil);

“ecoto-gguantte”’ (Peru).

Series 3. Tiliaefoliae

198. Passiflora ligularis Juss. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6: 118. pl. 40.

1805.

Passiflora ligularis var. geminiflora DC. Prodr. 3: 328. 1828.

Passiflora serratistipula DC. Prodr. 3: 328. 1828; Dess. Fl. Mex.

1: pl. $1. 1874.

Passiflora tilliaefolia Sessé & Moc. Pl. Nov. Hisp. 154. 1887.

Not P. tiliaefolia L.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete; stipules ovate-lanceolate

or oblong-lanceolate, 1 to 2.5 cm. long, 0.8 to 1.2 cm. wide, acute

or acuminate, narrowed at base, entire or serrulate; petioles 4 to

10 cm. long, bearing 4 to 6 scattered, liguliform or filiform glands

3 to 10 mm. long; leaves broadly ovate, 8 to 15 em. long, 6 to 13 em.

wide, abruptly acuminate, deeply cordate, entire, penninerved,

membranous; peduncles solitary or in pairs, 2 to 4 em. long; bracts

2 to 3.5 em. long, 1 to 1.5 em. wide, connate one-fifth to one-third

their length, the free parts ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, entire,

glabrous, tomentose at margin within; flowers 6 to 9 cm. wide; calyx

tube short-campanulate; sepals ovate-oblong, 2.5 to 3.5 cm. long,

1 to 1.5 em. wide, acute, green without, white within; petals oblong,

about 3 cm. long, 0.8 to 1 cm. wide, white or pinkish white; corona

5-7-ranked, the filaments of the 2 outer rows as long as the petals,

radiate, terete, blue at apex, banded with white and reddish purple

below, the inner rows closely approximate, the filaments barely

2 mm. long, dilated above middle; operculum membranous, slightly

incurved, sharply denticulate, white, red-purple at margin; limen

cupuliform, closely surrounding base of gynophore; ovary ovoid;

fruit ovoid, 6 to 8 cm. long, 4 to 5 cm. in diameter, the pericarp

yellowish or purplish, parchment-like, the pulp white, edible; seeds

narrowly obcordate, about 6 mm. long, 4 mm. wide, apex minutely

tridentate, middle tooth the largest, faces irregularly reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Peru.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 345

ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Mus. Nat. Hist. 6: pl. 40; Bot. Reg. 16:

pl. 1339; Bot. Mag. 57: pl. 2967; Popenoe, Man. Trop. Fr. 246.

f. 30; Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 24: pl. 43; Dess. Fl. Mex. 1: pl. 31;

Mutis, Icon. Pl. Ined. 26: pl. 7.

DISTRIBUTION: Central Mexico to Venezuela, south-central Peru,

and western Bolivia, between 1,000 and 3,000 meters altitude; ©

often cultivated in Central America and western South America.

MEXIco: Veracruz: Orizaba, Miiller 3063 (Y).—Puebla: Atlixco,

Popenoe 853 (NA).—Michoacdén: Morelia, Arséne 3348 (N).—

Colima: Manzanillo, Stadden in 1911 (NA).—Oaxaca: Galeotti 3668

(Brux, Gen, N, P).—Chiapas: Tumbala, Nelson 3326 (G, N).

GUATEMALA: Tiirckheim 1128 (B).—Alta Verapaz: Samac, J. D.

Smith 1627 (G, K, N).—Jalapa: Laguna de Ayarza, Heyde & Lux

(J. D. Smith 3965; G, K, N).—Sacatepéquez: San Lépez del Cabo,

Popenoe 674 (N).

SALVADOR: San Salvador, Calderén 551 (G, N). Voledn de San

Salvador, Standley 22856 (N).

Costa Rica: Cerro de Piedra Blanca, above Escazt, Standley

82642 (N). Santa Maria de Dota, Standley 43130 (N). San José,

Oersted 4104 (Cop). Las Céncavas, Standley 35996 (N). Cartago,

Tonduz 10430 (N).

VENEZUELA: Federal District: Caracas, Humboldt & Bonpland

(BW); Batley & Batley 1154 (N).—Aragua: Colonia Tovar, Karsten

in 1849 (B, V); Allart 466 (N).—Meérida: Mérida, Moritz 1320 (B, V).

COLOMBIA: Karsten (V).—Norte de Santander: Culagaé Valley,

Killip & Smith 20136 (A, G, N, Y). Pamplona, Cortés (Bog).—

Santander: Surata, Killip & Smith 16511 (A, G, N, Y). La Baja,

Killip & Smith 17197 (A, G, N, Y). Charta, Killip & Smith 19104

(N). Mesa de Los Santos, Killip & Smith 15227 (A, G, N, Y).—

Cundinamarca: Lehmann 2518 (Bo). Bogota, Triana 2942 (BM,

Brux, Gen, HNC, Y); Goudot 3 (P); Humboldt & Bonpland 1769

(B). Fusagasuga, Popenoe 1094 (N, Y). La Florida, Pérez 2567

(N).—Meta: Villavicencio, Apollinaire Marie in 1928 (Bog, N).—

Tolima: Quindio Trail, Killip & Hazen 9577 (N), 9595 (N).—

Huila: Balsillas, Rusby & Pennell 735 (G, Mo, N, Y).—Caldas:

San Clemente, Pennell 10667 (N). Palmilla, André 2059 (Y).—

El Valle: Miraflores, east of Palmira, Pennell & Killip 6116 (N, Y).

—El Cauca: Dryander 1075 (N). Popayan, Killip 6401 (N);

Lehmann 5314 (K), 8018 (B). San Isidro, Mt. Puracé, Pennell &

Killip 6423 (N).

346 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Ecuapor: Sodiro 562b, in part (B). Pifo, Mille in 1898 (N).—

Imbabura: Rio Tahuana, Mexia 7416 (N).—Guayas: Guayaquil,

Rorer 26 (N).—Pichincha: Mt. Corazén, Lehmann 4830 (B). Tam-

billo, Mille 37 (N).—Tungurahua: Bajios, Mexia 6980 (N).—

Chimborazo: Huigra, Rose 23504 (G, N).

PERU: Dombey 739 (B, Gen, P, type); Pavén (BM). Carabaya,

Weddell 4777 (P).—Lima: Botanical Garden, cultivated, Killip &

Smith 21529 (N). Lima, Rose 18776 (N, Y).—Hudanuco: Huanuco,

Ruiz & Pavon (Ma). Cochero, Poeppig 1695 (V).—Junin: Huaca-

pistana, Killip & Smith 24330 (N, Y). Tarma, cultivated, Killip &

Smith 21947 (N).—Ayacucho: Aina, Killip & Smith 22681 (N, Y).—

Cuzco: Torontoy, Urubamba Valley, Cook & Gilbert 814 (N).

BouiviaA: D’Orbigny 452 (P).—La Paz, Larecaja, Mandon 608

(BM, Bo, Gen, K, P, 8S). Tipuani, Buchtien 5473 (Gen, N). Yana-

cachi, Buchtien 228 (N). Sirupaya, Buchtien 113 (Y). Coripata,

Buchtien 8135 (N).—Santa Rosa: Kuntze in 1892 (N).

Passiflora ligularis is cultivated from Mexico to Peru and Bolivia

and eastward to Venezuela. Its sweet pulp is used in many of these

countries as an ingredient of cooling drinks and sherbets. Its flavor is

generally considered superior to that of P. laurifolia or P. maltformis.

This species is most readily recognized in herbaria by the very

long, slender petiolar glands. The leaves normally are entire, though

in the Department of Antioquia, Colombia, a form is found with

many of the leaves deeply 3-lobed.

LOCAL NAMES: ‘‘Granadilla’’ (Mexico to Peru); “granadilla de

China” (Acapulco; Bogota).

198a. Passiflora ligularis f. lobata Mast. Bot. Jahrb. 8: 219. 1887.

Many of the leaves deeply 3-lobed; otherwise as in typical form.

CoLOMBIA: Antioquia: Roble, near Antioquia, 2,000 meters,

Lehmann XIII (Bo, K, type, N). La Sierra, near Medellin, 2,000

meters, Archer 1498 (N).

199. Passiflora Nelsoni Mast. & Rose, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb.

5: 142. pl. 17. 1897.

Plant essentially glabrous throughout; stem stout, terete, striate;

stipules oblanceolate, 10 to 12 mm. long, 5 to 6 mm. wide, acuminate,

tapering at base, deciduous; petioles 2 to 3 cm. long, bearing 2 pairs

of sessile, saucer-shaped glands near apex; leaves broadly ovate, 9 to

12 em. long, 8 to 9 cm. wide, entire, acuminate, rounded or subcordate

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 347

at base, penninerved (principal secondary nerves three or four pairs),

entire, membranous; peduncles solitary, up to 3 cm. long; bracts

broadly ovate, 5 to 6 cm. long, 3.5 to 4.5 em. wide, acuminate, free

nearly to base, glabrous except for a band, 3 to 4 mm. wide, of short

tomentum at margin of inner surface; flowers 5 to 7 cm. wide;

sepals oblong-lanceolate, 3 cm. long, 1 cm. wide, corniculate on outer

surface just below apex; petals as long as and slightly narrower than

the sepals; corona in several series, the outermost filaments subulate,

1 to 1.5 em. long, enlarged at base, the succeeding 5 or 6 series 1 to 2

mm. long; operculum membranous at base, filamentose, the fila-

ments erect, about 7 mm. long, the tips incurved; limen membranous,

about 3 mm. high, adnate to gynophore; gynophore stout, 7 to 9

mm. high, swollen at base; ovary narrowly obovoid; fruit orbicular.

TYPE LOCALITY: Near Tumbala, Chiapas, Mexico.

ILLUSTRATION: Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 5: pl. 17.

DISTRIBUTION: Southern Mexico and northern Guatemala.

Mexico: Tacoba, Iiebmann (V).—Chiapas: Tumbala, 500

meters, Nelson 3325 (N, type).

GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz: Coban, 1,325 meters, Tiirckheim 687

(G,N). Tactic, 1,600 meters, Tiirckheim II.2234 (Bo, Brux, Gen, N).

Sepacuité, Cook & Griggs 781 (N); Owen 10 (N).

From P. ligularis, the only other species of this group found in

Mexico and Guatemala, P. Nelsoni is at once distinguished by its

sessile, saucer-shaped petiolar glands, much larger bracts, and long-

filamentose operculum. The last feature likewise distinguishes the

plants from South American species of this immediate relationship.

200. Passiflora Seemanni Griseb. Bonplandia 6: 7. 1858.

Passiflora incana Seemann ex Mast. Journ. Linn. Soc. 20: 40.

1883, as synonym. Not P. incana Ker.

Passiflora orbifolia Planch. & Linden, Ann. Sci. Nat. V. Bot. 17:

150. 1873.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete, striate, usually glaucous;

stipules narrowly linear, 1 to 1.5 cm. long, serrulate toward apex;

petioles 3 to 7 cm. long, bearing at apex 2 sessile glands about 1 mm.

in diameter, and occasionally a second pair near middle; leaves

cordate-ovate, 6 to 9 cm. long, 5 to 6 cm. wide (older leaves up to

13 cm. long, 15 em. wide, occasionally 3- or unequally 2-lobed),

abruptly acuminate or rounded at apex, mucronate, deeply cordate

at base with the lobes usually much overlapping, minutely den-

348 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

ticulate or subentire, thin-membranous, glaucous or rarely green

beneath; peduncles solitary, 6 to 10 cm. long; bracts white, purple-

tinged, 2.5 to 4 cm. long, united a third to a half their length, the

segments broadly lanceolate, acuminate; flowers 8 to 10 cm. wide,

fragrant; calyx tube campanulate-funnel-shaped, about 2 cm. long;

sepals ovate-lanceolate, 3.5 to 4 em. long, 1.5 cm. wide, obtuse,

corniculate, white, tinged with purple or violet; petals oblong-lance-

olate, 3.3 to 3.5 cm. long, about 1.2 cm. wide, obtuse, purple; corona

in 2 series, the outer filamentose, 1 to 1.2 cm. long, subreflexed,

banded with violet or purple and white, the inner 2 to 2.5 em. long,

erect, the tips slightly recurved, the interior of the tube lined with

tubercles not arranged in definite rows, doubtless rudimentary

corona filaments; operculum membranous, suberect, about 2 mm.

high, entire or finely denticulate; nectar ring annular, borne about

halfway between operculum and base of gynophore; limen about

5 mm. high, erect, adnate to gynophore; ovary ovoid; fruit ovoid,

4 to 5 em. long, 2.5 to 3.5 cm. in diameter; seeds orbicular-ovate,

about 3 mm. long and wide, reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Panama.

ILLUSTRATION: Mutis, Icon. Pl. Ined. 26: pl. 5.

DISTRIBUTION: Panama and northwestern Colombia; Eastern

Cordillera of Colombia. Cultivated in Mexico, Nicaragua, and

Hawaii. Usually at low elevations, but ascending to 1,600 meters

in Colombia.

Mexico: Chiapas: Huehuetan, Nelson 3827 (N).

NICARAGUA: Eden, Huber & Street 22 (Ph). Braggmans Bluff,

Englesing 118 (N).

PANAMA: Bocas del Toro: Rio Changuinola, Dunlap 422 (G, Ph).

—Canal Zone: Hayes in 1862 (BM); Fendler 120 (B, G, K, N);

Maxon 4765 (N); Pittier 2195 (N), 2515 (N); Standley 25819 (N),

27291 (N), 27623 (N), 28684 (N), 29566 (N), 29993 (N), 30286 (N);

Piper 5842 (N); Cowell 59 (Y); Crawford 419 (Ph), 485 (Ph);

Greenman & Greenman 221 (Mo); Stevens 1153 (N); Heriberto 53

(N); Samuels 239 (N).—Panama: Tapia River, Maxon 6730 (N);

Standley 28179 (N); Killip 3297 (Roch). Juan Diaz, Standley 30634

(N, 8S).

COLOMBIA: Santander: Between Narifio and El Tambor, 200

meters, Killip & Smith 14969 (G, N, Y). Bucaramanga, 1,000

meters, Killip & Smith 19342 (A, G, N, Y).—Boyaca: Dawe 920 (K).

—Cundinamarca: Quetamé, 1,600 meters, André 1070 (K).—Meta:

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 3849

Villavicencio, Nicéforo in 1927 (Bog); Apollinaire Marie in 1928

(Bog).—Antioquia: Boca Regla, Rio Magdalena, 125 meters, Pennell

10991 (A, G, N, Y).

This species is common in Panama at low elevations, but appar-

ently rare in regions to the north and south. Usually the leaves are

entire, but plants with some of the lower leaves 3-lobed are occasion-

ally found.

201. Passiflora triloba R. & P. ex DC. Prodr. 3: 330. 1828.

Passiflora colubrina Poepp. & Endl. Nov. Gen. Pl. 2: 58. 1835.

Cieca colubrina M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 148. 1846.

Plant glabrous nearly throughout; stem terete, stout; stipules

ovate-lanceolate, 2 to 3 cm. long, 1.5 to 2.5 em. wide, acute or

abruptly acuminate, cordate at base, minutely serrulate-denticulate;

petioles up to 10 cm. long, biglandular at apex, the glands saucer-

shaped, 2 to 2.5 mm. long, stipitate; leaves 10 to 15 cm. long, 10 to

18 em. wide, cordate-ovate or usually 3-lobed to about middle (lobes

ovate or oblong-ovate, up to 7 cm. wide, subequal, obtuse), deeply

cordate at base (basal lobes usually overlapping), minutely denticu-

late, thick-membranous, often lustrous above, glaucescent beneath;

peduncles up to 5 cm. long; bracts ovate, 4.5 to 7 em. long, 3 to 5.5

em. wide, rounded or acutish at apex, glandular-serrulate, free,

united at very base only, glabrous except for a band of gray tomen-

tum on inside near margin; flowers up to 10 cm. wide; calyx tube

campanulate; sepals oblong-lanceolate, 1 to 1.5 cm. wide, obtuse,

ecorniculate, green without, densely spotted with deep purple within;

petals oblong-lanceolate, 2.5 to 3 cm. long, 1 to 1.2 em. wide, obtuse,

purplish; corona 3-ranked, the 2 outer ranks filamentose, the fila-

ments banded with purple and white in lower half, with blue and

white in upper half, the outer filaments subulate, 1 to 1.5 cm. long,

the inner ligulate, 2.5 to 3 cm. long, these followed by an erect,

purple membrane about 2 mm. high, minutely denticulate; opercu-

lum membranous, horizontally spreading inward, minutely crenulate

at margin; limen erect, adnate to gynophore; ovary ovoid.

TYPE LOCALITY: Peru.

ILLUSTRATION: Ill. Hort. 36: pl. 83. 1889.

DISTRIBUTION: Peru and Bolivia, up to 1,000 meters altitude.

PERU: Pavén (B, BM, Bo, Gen, type, Ma, P).—San Martin:

Tarapoto, Spruce 4052 (BM, Brux, K, V).—Loreto: Yurimaguas,

Killip & Smith 27664 (F, N, Y), 27834 (F, N, Y), 28716 (F, N, Y);

250 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HistoryY—BotTAny, VoL. XIX

L. Williams 4980 (N); Poeppig 2171 (V, type of P. colubrina).

Rio Ucayali, Tessmann 3155 (B).—Junin: San Ramon, cultivated,

Killip & Smith 24092 (F, N, Y).

Boutvia: Beni: Junction of Beni and Madre de Dios rivers,

Rusby 490 (B, BM, Bo, G, K, N, Ph, Y). Bopi River, Mulford

Biol. Expl. 739 (Y).—La Paz: Mapiri, Buchtien 1676 (N). Coroico,

Buchtien 3851 (N).—Santa Cruz: Santa Cruz, Herzog 1507 (B, 8).

Rio Surutt, Steinbach 7220 (BM, G, Gen, Ph, 8, Ut).

The leaves of P. triloba are usually 3-lobed, minutely serrulate-

denticulate, and generally larger than in its near relatives. The

species is sometimes confused with P. ligularis and P. tiliaefolia. A

discussion of the differences between these three species will be

found under P. tiliaefolia.

202. Passiflora tiliaefolia L. Sp. Pl. 956. 1753.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete; stipules ovate-lanceo-

late to oblong-lanceolate, 1 to 2 cm. long, 0.5 to 1.5 cm. wide, or the

upper linear-lanceolate and barely 2 mm. wide, acute or acuminate,

oblique at base, entire or serrulate, green, often turning reddish in

drying; petioles 2.5 to 7 cm. long, 2-4-glandular, the glands saucer-

shaped, all borne at apex or 1 pair near middle, subsessile or short-

stipitate, 1 to 2 mm. wide; leaves cordate-ovate, 10 to 25 cm. long,

8 to 18 cm. wide, abruptly acuminate, shallowly or deeply cordate

at base (basal lobes not overlapping), entire, membranous, often

lustrous on both surfaces; peduncles 2 to 3 cm. long; bracts ovate, —

about 2 cm. long, 1.5 em. wide (perhaps larger), obtuse or acute at

apex, united one-fifth to one-third their length, reddish when dry,

glabrous except for a narrow band of tomentum along the margin

within; flowers about 8 cm. wide; sepals oblong, 5 to 7 mm. wide,

obtuse, concave, slightly carinate on outside, the keel terminating

in a slender awn; petals oblong, subequal to sepals; corona about

5-ranked, the two outer rows of filaments terete, about half as long as

petals, the three inner rows barely 3 mm. long; operculum mem-

branous, incurved, entire at margin; limen adnate to gynophore;

ovary ovoid; fruit ovoid, about 6 cm. in diameter, ‘‘deep violet to

blackish proximally, greenish distally.”

TYPE LOCALITY: Lima, Peru.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Journ. Obs. Phys. Math. Bot. Peruv. 2: pl. 121.

1714; Amoen. Acad. 1: pl. 10, f. 4; Cav. Diss. 10: pl. 285; G. Don,

Hist: Dichl. Pl. 3: 51. f. 4; Mutis, Icon. Pl. Ined. 26: pl. 6.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 351

DISTRIBUTION: Mountains of Colombia and Peru, 1,500 to 2,500

meters altitude.

COLOMBIA: Mutis 794 (Ma, N), 2219 (Ma, N), 2275 (Ma, N),

2890 (Ma, N).—Tolima: Above Ibagué, Killip & Hazen 9625 (G, Ma,

Ph, Y).—Antioquia: Medellin, Toro 214 (Y).—Caldas: Salento,

Killip & Hazen 9027 (B, G, N, Ph, Y), 9078 (N). Pereira, Killip &

Hazen 11006 (N).—El Valle: La Cumbre, Killip 5697 (N).—El

Cauca: Cuatro Esquinas, Pennell & Killip 6350 (N).

PERU: Pavén (B, BM, Gen, Ma).

The exact identity of P. tiliaefolia is by no means clear. Appar-

ently both Linnaeus and Cavanilles knew the plant only from the

description and figure given by Feuillée. This description in general

would apply almost equally well to either P. ligularis, entire-leaved

forms of P. triloba, or the specimens cited above.

The differences between these three species may be summarized

thus:

P. ligularis

Stipules ovate-lanceolate

or oblong-lanceolate.

Petiolar glands filiform

or narrowly liguliform,

38 mm. long or more.

Leaves usually not lobed,

entire at margin. Basal

lobes not overlapping.

Bracts less than 4 em.

long, united one-fifth

to one-third.

Corona 5-ranked, the 2

outer ranks subequal to

petals, the 3 inner

ranks much shorter.

Operculum denticulate.

P. triloba

Stipules ovate-lanceolate.

Glands saucer-shaped,

stipitate, less than 3

mm. long.

Leaves usually 3-lobed,

peas & denticulate.

Basal lobes overlap-

ping.

Bracts more than 4 cm.

long, free or united

only at very base.

Corona 3-ranked, the

outermost rank half as

long as petals, the

second rank minutely

denticulate.

Operculum crenulate.

P. tiliaefolia

Stipules ovate-lanceolate

or oblong-lanceolate, or

the upper narrowly

linear-lanceolate. !

Glands saucer-shaped,

subsessile or short-stip-

itate, less than 3 mm.

long.

Leaves never (or rarely?)

lobed, entire at margin.

Basal lobes overlap-

ping.

Bracts less than 4 ecm.

long, united one-fifth

to one-half.

Corona 5-ranked, the 2

outer ranks about half

as long as petals, the

8 inner ranks much

shorter.

Operculum entire.

Plate 12 is lacking from the copy of Feuillée’s work which I con-

sulted; I assume that Cavanilles’ illustration and the figure of a leaf in

the Amoenitates are substantially accurate reproductions. In both of

1In the Pavén plant of P. tiliaefolia in the British Museum the lower stipules

are ovate-lanceolate, about 3 cm. long, 1.5 cm. wide, the upper linear-lanceolate,

1 cm. long, 0.4 cm. wide. The specimen of this same collection at Berlin has linear-

lanceolate stipules, 2 cm. long, 0.2 em. wide. In the Colombian material the

stipules are uniformly ovate-lanceolate.

352 FIELD MusEUM oF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

these the petioles are shown as glandless. No Andean granadillas

with linden-shaped leaves and glandless petioles are known. A col-

lection of Pavén’s, from Peru, and the Colombian material cited

above come nearest to agreeing with the illustrations of P. tiliaefolia.

The Pavén specimen and one of the Colombian specimens have two

pairs of saucer-shaped glands at the very apex of the petiole, scarcely

visible from a top view of the leaf. They are not conspicuous and

might well have been ignored by Feuillée in preparing his description

and drawing. This supposition is far more reasonable than that he

would have neglected to mention the long, conspicuous glands of

P. ligularis, had a specimen of that species been the original of his

P. tiliaefolia.

Passiflora triloba is another species to which the description of

P. tiliaefolia might apply. However, in P. triloba the leaves are

generally 3-lobed, and minutely denticulate, and the bracts usually

are very large.

Unfortunately, none of the specimens which I take to be P.

tiliaefolia is in good flower. Killip & Hazen 9625 is in bud, and from

this and Cavanilles’ figure the description of the flower, given above,

has been derived.

LOCAL NAME for P. tiliaefolia: ““Machimbi’’ (Colombia).

208. Passiflora maliformis L. Sp. Pl. 956. 17538.

Passiflora ornata HBK. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2: 129. 1817.

Passiflora maliformis var. pubescens Tr. & Planch. Ann. Sci. Nat.

V. Bot. 17: 149. 1878.

Plant glabrous or finely pilosulous; stem terete or the younger

parts subangular; stipules narrowly linear or lance-linear, 9 to 15

mm. long, 1 to 2 mm. wide, entire or minutely serrulate; petioles 1.5

to 5 cm. long, biglandular just above, or usually below, middle, the

glands up to 1.5 mm. wide, subsessile; leaves ovate, ovate-lanceolate,

or sometimes orbicular-ovate, 6 to 12 cm. long, 4 to 10 cm. wide

(extreme forms up to 25 cm. long, 15 cm. wide), acute or abruptly

acuminate at apex, rounded, truncate, or cordulate at base, undulate

or finely serrulate, membranous; peduncles up to 5 em. long; bracts

broadly ovate, 4 to 6 cm. long, 3.5 to 4.5 em. wide, united for about

1 cm. from base, thin-membranous, completely enveloping the bud,

lime-green; calyx tube campanulate, 1 cm. long, 1.2 cm. wide at

throat; sepals oblong or oblong-lanceolate, about 4 em. long and 1.5

cm. wide, cucullate at apex, carinate (keel terminating in an awn

about 5 mm. long), fleshy, green; petals linear-lanceolate, about

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 353

3 cm. long and 5 mm. wide, green, densely mottled with dark red-

purple within; corona in several ranks, the 2 outer rows of filaments

white, banded with Chinese-violet above middle and with rosolane-

purple near base, the outermost terete, 1.5 cm. long, the second

ligulate, 3 cm. long, the succeeding ranks consisting of minute

tubercles, green tipped with deep purple; operculum membranous,

horizontal, pale green, the margin recurved, denticulate; nectar ring

horizontal, margin entire; operculum cupuliform, 6 mm. high; ovary

oblong or subglobose, glabrous; fruit globose, 3.5 to 4 cm. in diameter,

green or orange-green, pericarp very hard; seeds oblong-obcordate,

5 to 6 mm. long, about 4 mm. wide, finely reticulate, metallic-gray.

TYPE LOCALITY: ‘‘Dominica’”’ (Hispaniola).

ILLUSTRATIONS: Mutis, Icon. Pl. Ined. 26: pl. 8; Amoen. Acad.

1: pl. 10, f. 5; Plum. Pl. Amer. pl. 82; Jacq. Hort. Schénbr. 2: pl. 180;

Andr. Bot. Repos. 4: pl. 217; Lawrance, Passion Fl. pl. 16; Bot.

Reg. 2: pl. 94; Kerner, Hort. Sempervir. pl. 845.

DISTRIBUTION: West Indies, Venezuela, Colombia, and northern

Ecuador; tropical zone, up to 1,700 meters altitude.

CuBA: Oriente: Wright 199 (Bo, Brux, G, Gen). Baracoa, Leén

11922 (HS). Guantanamo, Hioram 4257 (HS). Sierra del Cobre,

Ekman 7844 (S).

HAITI: Tortue Island, Leonard & Leonard 11610 (N), 12441 (N),

14005 (N), 15591 (N); Ekman H9796 (N), Port au Prince, Ekman

2203 (B, S). Pétionville, Leonard 4979 (N, Y). Port a Piment,

Ekman H701 (8).

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Duchemin (P); Poiteau in 1802 (Gen).

Barahona, Fuertes 445 (Cop, F, G, Gen, Minn, N, P, S). Las

Cafiitas, Abbott 2719 (N). Jovero, Abbott 2669 (N), 2886 (N). La

Romana, Ekman H12075 (N). Jicomé, Valeur 627 (Gen, N).

JAMAICA: Mandeville, Crawford 802 (CM, Ph). Balaclava,

Harris 9430 (J).

PUERTO RICO: Bayamon, Sintenis 1166 (B, G, N, S). San

Andrés, Sintenis 6560 (B, Bo, Cop, F, G, Gen, HV, N, P, S, V).

Catano, Briiton, Britton & Brown 6973 (Y).

St. THOMAS: Riédlé (P); Friedrichsthal 399 (V).

GUADELOUPE: Duss 599 (P), 2229 (N); Duchassaing (B); Fair-

child 3769 (N).

354 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

MARTINIQUE: Plée (P); Richard (P); Bélanger 631 (P); Duss

879, in part (N).

VENEZUELA: Bolivar, Ciudad Bolivar, Moritz 534 (B).—Cara-

bobo: Puerto Cabello, Pittier 8870 (G, N), 8875 (B, G, N).

COLOMBIA: Lehmann B.T.1163 (Y).—Santander: Kalbreyer 861

(B). Between Narifio and El Tambor, Killip & Smith 14958 (G, N).

Bucaramanga, Killip & Smith 15453 (A, G, N, Y).—Cundinamarca:

Guataqui, Pérez 392 (N). Melgar, Goudot (P). Tocaima, Lehmann

6096 (B). Guaduas, Popenoe 1124 (N, Y); Holton in 1852 (Y). La

Mesa, Triana (HNC).—Tolima: Between Ibagué and Cuesta de

Tolima, Humboldt & Bonpland 1804 (B, type of P. ornata). Mari-

quita, Triana 2936 (Gen, P). Ibagué, Goudot (P). Honda, Linden

1185 (Bo, Gen, P).—Antioquia: Santa Barbara, Pennell 10882 (N).

Medellin, Toro 233 (Y).—Caldas: Rio Quindio above Armenia,

Pennell, Killip & Hazen 8671 (G, N, Ph, Y). Calareé, Killip 9797

(G, N, Ph, Y). Pereira, Pennell 10167 (G, N, Ph, Y); Killip &

Hazen 11007 (N). San José, Pennell 10223 (N).—El Valle: La

Cumbre, Pennell & Killip 5411 (G, N, Ph, Y). Espinal, Killip &

Hazen 11078 (G, N, Ph, Y). Cali, Lehmann 3384 (Bo, N), 4831 (B).

Pavas, Lehmann 786 (Bo, N). La Paila, Holton 701 (Y). Cauca

Valley, Dryander 84 (B).—El Cauca: Popayan, Hartweg 1020 (B,

Bo, Gen, P, V, Y). Palacé, Lehmann B.T.409 (Y).

EcuapDor: Imbabura: Ambuqui, Popenoe 1348 (N).

Passiflora maliformis is frequently cultivated in the West Indies

and, to a lesser extent, in the northern countries of South America.

The shell of the fruit is sometimes so hard that it must be broken

with a hammer. The pulp has a grapelike flavor, and is used in

making cooling drinks.

Two forms may be recognized among the specimens here cited.

The commoner form in the West: Indies is glabrous and has propor-

tionately longer leaves, with undulating margins. In South America

the commoner form is more or less pubescent, and the leaves are more

nearly orbicular and distinctly serrulate. No differences in the

flowers or fruit are discernible.

LOCAL NAMES: “Sweet calabash,” ‘“‘sweet cup’ (West Indies);

“conch apple’ (Bahamas); “‘ceibey cimarrén,”’ “‘granadilla de mono,”’

“ouerito’’ (Cuba); ‘“‘calobassie” (Haiti); “calabiso de los Indios”

(Dominican Republic); “pomme calabas” (Guadeloupe); “‘parcha

cimarrona” (Puerto Rico); “culupa,” ‘“curuba’’ (Colombia); “‘grana-

dilla de hueso”’ (Ecuador).

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 355

204. Passiflora Williamsii Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 12:

262. 1922.

Stem stout, terete, densely puberulent; stipules filiform, 6 to 7

mm. long; petioles 4.5 cm. long, densely puberulent, biglandular

about 1 cm. from base, the glands orbicular, appressed, 2 mm. in

diameter; leaves 3-lobed to middle, up to 10 cm. along midnerve, 9

cm. along lateral nerves, 10 cm. between apices of lateral lobes (lobes

acuminate, the middle lobe narrowed at base), serrulate, biglandular

in the sinuses between lobes, truncate or cordate at base, 3-nerved,

membranous, above glabrate, puberulent on the nerves, beneath

minutely puberulent; peduncles about 3 cm. long, densely pubescent;

bracts united at base, the free part 2 cm. long, 1.5 cm. wide, tomentu-

lose on both surfaces; flowers about 6 cm. wide; calyx tube 1.2 cm.

long; sepals oblong, 2.5 to 3.5 em. long, 1.2 to 1.5 em. wide, obtuse,

puberulent without, glabrate within, inconspicuously keeled, dorsally

awned about 2 mm. below apex, the awn 3 mm. long; petals oblong-

spatulate, 2 cm. long, 5 mm. wide, greenish without, white within,

spotted with dark pink; corona filaments in several series, the outer-

most terete, 6 to 7 mm. long, white, transversely banded with blue,

those of the next series dilated at middle, 2 to 2.5 cm. long, the

succeeding series minute, tuberculate, 1.5 mm. long; operculum

arising close to the corona, membranous, horizontally spreading in-

ward, 2 mm. long, entire; nectar ring annular, midway between

operculum and base of gynophore; limen fleshy, closely surrounding

and adnate to lower part of gynophore, 5 mm. high, the margin free,

erect; ovary narrowly ovoid, densely white-tomentose.

TYPE LOCALITY: Bismarck, above Penonomé, Panama.

DISTRIBUTION: Panama.

PANAMA: Coclé: Bismarck, above Penonomé, 600 to 925 meters,

R. S. Williams 585 (Y, type).—Canal Zone: Between Empire and

Mandinga, Piper 5481 (N).—Panama: Las Sabanas, Paul 308 (N).

This species is at once separated from near relatives by the

densely white-tomentose ovary. In the type specimen the leaves

are truncate at the base, but in the other specimens they are rather

deeply cordate.

205. Passiflora platyloba Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 12: 260.

1922.

Plant glabrous throughout, except the bracts; stem stout, terete,

striate, glabrous; stipules coriaceous, narrowly linear, 1 to 1.2 em.

long, strongly 3-nerved, remotely and finely serrulate, orange-yellow,

356 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

deciduous; petioles 6 to 7 em. long, glabrous, bearing about 2 cm.

above base 2 sessile, flattened glands 2 mm. wide; leaves 10 to 14

em. long, 12 to 18 em. wide, 3-lobed to middle (middle lobe broadly

ovate, abruptly acuminate, mucronate, 7 to 9 cm. long, 4 to 8 cm.

wide, the lateral lobes nearly equal to middle lobe), deeply cordate,

finely serrulate, biglandular in the sinuses, 3—5-nerved, membranous,

glabrous; peduncles solitary, 6 to 7 cm. long; bracts ovate, entire,

5 to 7 cm. long, 3 to 5 em. wide, membranous, attached 1 cm. below

apex of petiole, completely enveloping the flower, united for about

2 cm., acute or obtuse, apiculate, densely puberulent on both sur-

faces; flowers purple, 4 to 5 cm. wide; calyx tube campanulate, about

1 cm. long; sepals oblong-lanceolate, 1.8 to 2 cm. long, 8 mm. wide,

slightly fleshy, obtuse, strongly keeled, the keel terminating in a

setaceous awn 5 to 6 mm. long; petals linear-lanceolate, 1.5 to 1.7

em. long, 5 mm. wide, thin, obtuse; corona in several series, the outer-

most filaments slender, filiform, about 7 mm. long, those of the

second series stout, liguliform, attenuate at apex, 1.5 cm. long,

white, banded with purple, the succeeding series of about 6 irregular

rows of minute tubercles less than 1 mm. long; operculum arising

at base of the innermost rank of the corona, 0.75 mm. long, the

margin erect, denticulate; nectar ring annular, midway between

the preceding and base of gynophore, the margin entire; limen

fleshy, closely surrounding and adnate to the lower part of gyno-

phore, 3 mm. high, the margin free, erect; gynophore glabrous,

bearing near the base a single annular process 0.4 mm. wide;

ovary ellipsoidal, glabrous; the fruit 3 to 3.5 cm. in diameter, the

pericarp hard.

TYPE LOCALITY: La Balsa del Rio Grande, Province of Alajuela,

Costa Rica.

DISTRIBUTION: Guatemala to Costa Rica, at low elevations.

GUATEMALA: Chiquimula, Lehmann 1709 (B, Bo).

SALVADOR: Tonacatepeque, Standley 19487 (G, N, Y). San

Martin, Calderén 705 (G, N, Y).

NICARAGUA: Granada, Oersted 4137 (Cop).

Costa Rica: Balsa del Rio Grande, Alajuela, Pittier 3653 (N,

type). El Coyolar, Alajuela, Standley 40050 (N). Tilaran, Guana-

caste, Brenes 12704 (F).

Lehmann 1709 was cited (Bot. Jahrb. 8: 219. 1887) by Masters as

P. velata, a South American species now known to be identical with

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 357

P. serrulata. From that P. platyloba is readily distinguished by its

deeply cordate leaves and the very broad middle leaf lobe.

The fruit is said to be very acid.

LOCAL NAMES: “Granadilla,” “granadilla montés” (Salvador).

206. Passiflora serrulata Jacq. Obs. Bot. 2: 26. pl. 46, f. 2. 1767.

Passiflora velata Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 560. 1872.

Passiflora nitens J. R. Johnston, Proc. Amer. Acad. 40: 692. 1905.

Stem terete (or the younger parts angulate), glabrous; stipules

narrowly linear-oblong or linear-lanceolate, 3 to 6 mm. long, 1.5 mm.

wide, dentate or denticulate in upper half, coriaceous; petioles 1 to

3 cm. long, biglandular at or below middle, occasionally with a

second pair of glands above middle, the glands sessile; leaves poly-

morphic, ovate, 6 to 12 em. long, 5 to 11 cm. wide, 3-lobed (middle

lobe ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate or rarely rounded at apex,

2 or 3 times longer than lateral lobes), or unilaterally 1-lobed, trun-

cate or shallowly cordate at base, finely denticulate, membranous

or coriaceous, glabrous above, glabrous, pilosulous, or white-tomen-

tose beneath; peduncles 2 to 3 cm. long; bracts obovate, 2 to 5 cm.

long, 1.5 to 3 cm. wide, densely tomentellous at margin, united below

for 4 or 5 mm. or at length free to base; flowers 5 to 6 cm. wide,

fragrant; calyx tube campanulate; sepals lanceolate, 1.5 to 2 cm.

long, 8 to 9 mm. wide, obtuse, white; petals linear-lanceolate, 1.2

to 1.8 em. long, 2.5 to 3 mm. wide, white; corona in several series,

the filaments of the outer 2 series linear, 1.5 to 2 em. long, white at

base, purple-banded above, the next 2 or 3 series tuberculate, barely

0.38 mm. long, the innermost series 0.8 to 1 mm. long; operculum

membranous, crenulate or slightly filamentose; nectar ring annular;

limen cupuliform, 2 to 3 mm. high, entire; ovary ovoid, glabrous;

fruit globose, about 2.5 cm. in diameter, the pericarp coriaceous,

yellowish; seeds oblong-obcordate, about 5 mm. long and 3 mm.

wide, finely reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Near Cartagena, Colombia.

ILLUSTRATION: Jacq. Obs. Bot. 2: pl. 46, f. 2.

DISTRIBUTION: Trinidad and coast of Venezuela, and northern

Colombia.

TRINIDAD and TOBAGO: Patos Island, Britton, Hazen & Mendel-

son 524 (G, K, N, T, Y); Broadway 2657 (B, F, Gen, N, Y), 7199

(N). Chacachacare, Britton, Freeman & Watts 2679 (G, N, Y);

358 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Trinidad Herb. 10390 (T), 12012 (K, T). Monos Island, Britton,

Britton & Brown 2747 (N, T, Y).

VENEZUELA: Warming 363 (Cop). La Mocca, Eggers 13530

(Cop). El Valle, J. R. Johnston 65 (B, G, type of P. nitens).—Sucre:

Cumana, Humboldt & Bonpland 1093 (B).—Federal District: La

Guaira, Moritz 438 (B, BM). Puerto La Cruz, Pittier 11655 (N).—

Aragua: Colonia Tovar, Fendler 2329 (K, type of P. velata).—Zulia:

Maracaibo, Moritz 1318 (B, BM, K).

CoLoMBIA: Atlantico: Puerto Colombia, Elias 1258 (F, N).—

Bolivar: Cartagena, Jacquin (BM, fragment of type).

The exact identity of P. serrulata Jacq. was long in doubt,

Masters omitting the name altogether from his monograph. Urban

has published a redescription of the species, based on Broadway 2657,

from Trinidad, and Moritz 438, from Venezuela, which clearly are

conspecific with Jacquin’s plant.

Passiflora velata and P. nitens apparently differ from typical P.

serrulata only in the indument of the under surface of the leaves. In

the type specimen of P. nitens the sinus between the lobes is rather

broader than in most of the other specimens examined.

207. Passiflora multiformis Jacq. Fragm. 50. pl. 67, f. 1. 1809;

Eclog. 2: 4. pl. 121. 1844.

Passiflora caracasana Willd. Enum. PI. 697. 1809.

Passiflora physocalymma Blake, Contr. Gray Herb. n. ser. 53:

44, 1918.

Stem terete, pilosulous with very short hairs, or glabrous; stipules

linear, up to 2 cm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, glandular-3-dentate on one

side; petioles up to 4 cm. long, biglandular at or below middle, the

glands minute, sessile; leaves entire (ovate or broadly ovate) or 3-

lobed (lobes acuminate, up to 4.5 cm. wide), 6.5 to 10 em. long, 4.5

to 10 em. wide, finely serrulate, cordate or subtruncate at base,

pilosulous on nerves above, pilose on nerves beneath, otherwise

glabrous, lustrous above; peduncles up to 4 cm. long; bracts ovate,

up to 6.5 em. long, 3 cm. wide, entire, united for about 1 cm. above

base, abruptly long-acuminate (acumen 1 ecm. long, entire); flowers

up to 5 em. wide; sepals lanceolate, about 3 cm. long, keeled and

awned, greenish white, purple-maculate within at base; petals

lanceolate-oblong, 2.5 cm. long, 5 mm. wide, obtuse, purple-maculate;

corona in several series, the outermost filaments liguliform, up to 1.3

em. long, rose, banded with white in lower third, blue, banded with

white above, those of the second series terete, up to 3 cm. long,

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 359

attenuate at apex, the succeeding series tuberculate; operculum

membranous, erect, denticulate; limen annular; the ovary elliptic-

obovoid, glabrous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Caracas, Venezuela.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Jacq. Fragm. pl. 67, f. 1; Eclog. Pl. 2: pl. 121.

DISTRIBUTION: Probably confined to the Federal District, north-

central Venezuela.

VENEZUELA: Federal District: Between La Guaira and Rio

Grande, Curran & Haman 1035 (G, type of P. physocalymma, N).

Caracas, collector? (BW, type of P. caracasana); Jacquin (Gen, V,

type); Ernst 1186 (BM).

Though closely related to P. serrulata, this species seems suf-

ficiently distinct to justify recognition. The lateral leaf lobes are

proportionately longer and the bracts are long-tapering at the apex.

Series & Marginatae

208. Passiflora marginata Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 138, pt. 1:

603. 1872.

Passiflora Uleana Dusén, Archiv. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro 13:

50. 1905.

Passiflora Uleana f. ovalifolia Dusén, Arkiv Bot. 8, No. 7:

5. 1909.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem very slender, almost filiform,

terete; stipules setaceous, 3 to 5 mm. long; petioles 5 to 10 mm. long,

terete, glandless; leaves lanceolate, 3.5 to 5 cm. long, 1.5 to 2.3 em.

wide, acute at apex, rounded (or slightly emarginate) and subpeltate

at base, l-nerved (principal lateral nerves about 10 pairs), entire,

thick-coriaceous, cartilaginous-thickened at margin; peduncles soli-

tary, 1 to 2 cm. long, slender; bracts cordate-lanceolate, 5 to 7 mm.

long, 4 to 5 mm. wide, acute, mucronulate, serrulate at base,

1-nerved, strongly reticulate-veined, borne about 1 mm. below base

of flower; flowers 1 to 3 cm. wide; calyx tube broadly campanulate;

sepals oblong, about 6 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, obtuse, corniculate

just below apex, green without, white within; petals slightly smaller

than sepals, white; corona filamentose, the filaments slightly shorter

than the sepals; ovary subglobose.

TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil, “in silvulis c. 2200 m.,’’ Serra do Itatiaia.

Type collected by Ule.

ILLUSTRATION: Arkiv Bot. 8, No. 7: 6.

360 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

DISTRIBUTION: Probably confined to the Itatiaia region, in east-

central Brazil.

BRAZIL: Sello 2126 (B, type); Weddell 797 (Gen).—Minas

Geraes: Serra do Mar, Brade 391 (B). Itacolumy, Ule 3795 (B).

This species is without close affinities, and its correct position in

a systematic treatment is not readily determinable. The small

though foliaceous bracts, situated at a short distance from the base

of the flower, suggest relationship with P. cyanea and its allies. The

shape of the leaves and the small, deciduous stipules bring it near the

general group of P. laurifolia.

Passiflora Uleana apparently is a small-flowered form of P.

marginata. Although I have not seen the type, from the Serra do

Itatiaia, Dusén’s sketch bears a close resemblance to the type speci-

men of P. marginata. The characters mentioned by Dusén as

distinguishing P. Uleana from P. marginata, namely subpeltate, mu-

cronate leaves and subcordate bracts, must be disregarded, for P.

marginata has leaves and bracts of this nature. Dusén states that

the flowers of P. Uleana are scarcely 1 cm. in diameter; the flowers

of P. marginata are about 3 cm. wide.

Series 5. Laurifoliae

209. Passiflora capparidifolia Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci.

142.113, 1924.

Plant glabrous throughout, except bracts and ovary; stem terete

or nearly triangular above; stipules narrowly linear, 6 to 7 mm. long,

0.5 mm. wide, acute, subcoriaceous; petioles up to 8 mm. long,

biglandular at apex, the glands sessile; leaves narrowly oblong, 8 to

10 cm. long, 2.5 to 3 cm. wide, rounded and mucronulate at apex,

rounded or subcuneate at base, 1-nerved, reticulate-veined, thick-

coriaceous, lustrous; peduncles about 3 cm. long, very slender;

bracts ovate, to 3.5 cm. long, 2 cm. wide, obtuse, slightly narrowed

at base, glandular toward apex, about 7-nerved, glabrous and sub-

lustrous without, finely puberulent within; flowers 8 to 10 cm. wide;

sepals lanceolate, about 4 cm. long, 1 cm. wide, obtuse, slightly

keeled toward apex (keel terminating in an awn 2 mm. long), sub-

coriaceous; petals linear-oblong, 2.5 to 3 cm. long, 1.5 em. wide,

obtuse, white(?), conspicuously nerved, thin-membranous; corona

. filaments in several series, the outermost filiform, 1.5 to 2 em. long,

those of the second series compressed, 3.5 to 4 em. long, 1.5 to 2 mm.

wide, attenuate, white, banded with violet, the succeeding series

composed of tubercles or of minute threads barely 0.5 mm. long;

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 361

operculum membranous, the margin entire, incurved; limen cupuli-

form, closely surrounding base of gynophore; ovary ellipsoidal,

finely white-sericeous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Tumatumari, British Guiana.

DISTRIBUTION: British Guiana and northernmost Brazil.

BRITISH GUIANA: Tumatumari, Potaro River, Gleason 328

(BM, G, K, N, type, Y). Rupununi River, Jenman 5537 (K).

Corentyne River, Jenman 460 (BG, K); Im Thurn (K).

BRAZIL: Amazonas: Rio Branco, Ule 7851 (B, Gen, Go, K, N).

This is allied to P. laurifolia but the leaves are much narrower,

and the corona filaments more slender. Intermediates between the

two occur, however, and this may prove to be merely a variant of P.

laurtfolia.

210. Passiflora Popenovii Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 12:

332. 1922.

Plant glabrous throughout, except the ovary and the outer sur-

face of the calyx tube; stem terete below, 4—5-angled above, striate;

stipules narrowly linear-subulate, 1 cm. long, 0.5 mm. wide, decidu-

ous; petioles slender, averaging 2 cm. in length, slightly tortuose

toward base, glandless rarely with a scarlike gland near base;

leaves oblong-ovate or elliptic-ovate, 8.5 to 16 cm. long, 4 to 10 cm.

wide, acuminate, rounded at base, entire, lustrous on both surfaces,

penninerved (lateral nerves 4 or 5 pairs) and prominulous-reticulate,

subcoriaceous, rarely coriaceous; peduncles slender, elongate, 8 to

10 cm. long; bracts ovate, concave, 2 to 2.5 em. long, 1.2 to 1.5 em.

wide, rounded and often cleft at apex, narrowed at base, entire,

minutely puberulent on the lower part of the outer surface; flowers

showy, fragrant, up to 10 cm. wide; calyx tube 1.2 cm. long; sepals

deep rose-colored, oblong, 3 to 3.5 cm. long, 1.5 to 2 cm. wide,

slightly concave, wide-spreading when developed, obtuse, keeled on

the outer surface, the keel terminating in an awn about 3 mm. long;

petals white, linear-oblong, 3 to 3.5 cm. long, averaging 1 cm. wide,

flat, slightly reflexed; corona in 4 series, the filaments of the 2 outer

white, banded with purplish blue, the 2 inner 3 mm. and 2 mm. from

the throat, the filaments of the outermost series filiform, 1.5 cm.

long, 1 mm. thick at base, slightly divaricate, those of the second

series ligulate, fleshy, 3 to 3.5 em. long, 2 to 2.5 mm. wide, those of

the third series capillary, 1 mm. long, those of the fourth series

capillary, 2mm. long; operculum membranous, 5 mm. long, the lower

362 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

half adnate to the floor of the calyx tube, the upper half free, slightly

recurved; limen none; ovary globose, narrowed at base, densely

tomentellous; fruit ovoid, thin-skinned, yellow (fide Mexia); seeds

obovate, about 7 mm. long and 6 mm. wide, obscurely tridentate,

coarsely reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Bafios, Tungurahua, Ecuador, where introduced

from the eastern slopes of the Andes.

ILLUSTRATION: Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 24: pl. 42.

DISTRIBUTION: Eastern slopes of the Andes of Ecuador.

Ecuapbor: Pearce 694 (K); Vidal-Sénége in 1876 (P). Rio Jamboya,

Sodiro (Mille 223; B, N).—Tungurahua: Bajfios, 1,850 meters (intro-

duced), Popenoe 1271 (N, type); Mexia 6981 (N).—Napo-Pastaza:

Rio Zuni, Mexia 7056 (N). Archidona, Mexia 7284 (N).

The type of P. Popenovit and most of the specimens examined

lack petiolar glands, but in material recently collected by Mrs. Mexia

obscure, scarlike glands are sometimes borne near the base of the

petiole. Their presence here rather than at the apex and the long,

slender peduncles separate this from P. laurifolia. From P. riparia

and P. tolimana, which it also closely resembles, P. Popenovii of

course is at once differentiated by the relative length of the two outer

series of corona filaments.

This is one of several species cultivated in Ecuador under the

name “granadilla de Quijos,’’ and the edible fruit is commonly on

sale in the markets of Bafios and Riobamba. Popenoe in Frutt-

bearing plants of Ecuador (Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 24: 124. 1924)

quotes an early work in which the fruit is described as being some-

what larger than that of P. ligularis.

211. Passiflora nigradenia Rusby, Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 7:

SkLekont.

Plant glabrous throughout, drying yellowish green; stem terete,

striate; stipules linear-subulate, 3 mm. long, soon deciduous; petioles

1.5 to 3 em. long, canaliculate, bearing above middle 2 oval, sessile,

black glands about 2 mm. long; leaves oblong, 12 to 20 cm. long,

5 to 9 em. wide, abruptly acuminate at apex, rounded or subtruncate

at base, entire, penninerved, coriaceous, sublustrous above; ‘‘flowers

racemose, the racemes sometimes bearing as many as 10 flowers, and

short-peduncled, pedicels 3 cm. long, terete’’; bracts borne at base

of flower, ovate, about 4 cm. long, 2 em. wide, obtuse, finely puberu-

lent without; flowers 6 cm. wide; calyx tube campanulate, 1.5 cm.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 363

in diameter at throat; sepals oblong-lanceolate, about 3 cm. long,

1 to 1.2 em. wide, obtuse, puberulent without; petals ovate-lanceo-

late, about 2 cm. long and 7 mm. wide; corona filamentose, the

filaments in 2 series, white, banded with deep purple, the outer

filiform, about 1 cm. long, the inner coarser, about 2 cm. long; oper-

culum a fringe of slender, white filaments 1 to 1.5 mm. long; ovary

ovoid, finely sericeous; fruit ellipsoidal, 10 cm. long, 8 cm. in diameter,

obscurely pilosulous; seeds obcordate, 7 mm. long, 5 mm. wide,

reticulate at center.

TYPE LOCALITY: Bolivia: Beni: Rurrenabaque.

DISTRIBUTION: Amazonian basin of northern Bolivia.

BOLIVIA: Beni: Rurrenabaque, Rusby in 1921 (Y, type), 1272

(N, Y).—La Paz: Tumupasa, R. S. Williams 515 (N, Y). San

Buenaventura, R. S. Williams 374 (Y), 643 (BM, N, Y).

From the other entire-leaved, small-stipuled species of Granadilla

this differs in having a very simple coronal structure, only two rows

of filaments at the throat of the calyx tube. The operculum is merely

a row of slender filaments.

‘The type sheet consists of two leaves and a detached flower, with

no suggestion, consequently, of the racemose floral arrangement

mentioned by Rusby. Walliams 374, which, though without flowers,

seems to belong to this species, bears a single peduncle (with bracts)

in the axil of a leaf.

The collector states that the fruit is esteemed highly by natives.

212. Passiflora ambigua Hemsl. Bot. Mag. 128: pl. 7822. 1902.

Plant glabrous throughout, except the ovary; stem terete, striate;

stipules filiform, 5 to 8 mm. long, deciduous; petioles 2 to 3 em. long,

bearing at or below middle 2 sessile, flattened glands; leaves oblong

or ovate-lanceolate, 10 to 20 cm. long, 5 to 9 cm. wide, subabruptly

acuminate, mucronulate at apex, rounded or cuneate at base, penni-

nerved (principal lateral nerves 4 to 6 to a side, ascending), thick-

coriaceous, lustrous; peduncles 4 to 7 cm. long; bracts ovate, 3 to 6

em. long, 3 to 4 cm. wide, concave, entire, glandless; flowers 8 to 12

cm. wide; calyx tube cylindric-campanulate, about 1 cm. long; sepals

narrowly linear-oblong, 4 to 5 em. long, 1.5 to 1.8 cm. wide, obtuse,

dorsally short-corniculate just below apex, fleshy, white without,

pale pink and punctulate with rose-purple within; petals linear-

lanceolate, 3 to 4 cm. long, 0.8 to 1 cm. wide, membranous, white,

dotted with rose-purple; corona filaments in about 5 series, the outer-

364 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

most slender, 1 to 1.5 em. long, red, banded with white, those of the

second series coarser, about 5 cm. long, violet, banded with white,

the inner filaments in indefinite rows, capillary, about 2 mm. long,

upwardly curved; operculum membranous, horizontal, recurved at

the minutely crenulate margin; limen cupuliform, closely surround-

ing base of gynophore; gynophore slender, 1.5 to 2 cm. long; ovary

narrowly ovoid, densely brown-tomentose; fruit ovoid, 10 to 12 cm.

long, 4 to 4.5 em. in diameter, greenish yellow; seeds ovate-oblong,

6 to 7 mm. long, 5 to 6 mm. wide, closely reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Bluefields, Nicaragua.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot. Mag. 128: pl. 7822; Gard. Chron. III. 31:

tL. 7.61. 1902:

DISTRIBUTION: Southern Mexico to the Panama Canal Zone, at

low elevations.

Mexico: Lacoba, Oersted 4103 (Cop, K).—Tabasco: San Juan

Bautista, Rovirosa 1036 (Ph).—Chiapas: Palenque, Endlich 1321 (Gen).

GUATEMALA: Secanquin, Cook & Doyle 79 (N).—Alta Verapaz:

Choctim, Tiirckheim 8211 (N).

HONDURAS: Lancetilla Valley, Atlantida, Standley 53289 (N),

54625 (N), 56786a (N). Cuyamel, Carleton 601 (N).

BRITISH HONDURAS: Toledo, Peck 810 (G). Machaca, Schipp 466

(Mich), 1302 (Gen, Mich).

NICARAGUA: Bluefields, Sterridge (K, type).

Costa RIcA: Pittier 16373 (Gen). Santa Rosa, Oersted 4100

(Cop), 4101 (Cop). Turrialba, Oersted 4102 (Cop). Barba, Oersted

4099 (Cop). Portete, Pitter 16101 (BM, N). La Palma, Tonduz

12614 (N). Viento Fresco, Alajuela, Standley & Valerio 47887 (N).

PANAMA: Chiriqui: Hart 112 (K).—Canal Zone: Gattin, Hayes

430 (Y).

Passiflora ambigua has been confused with P. laurifolia, a

plant commonly cultivated in the West Indies and in parts of South

America but apparently unknown, wild or cultivated, in Central

America or Mexico. It is distinguished from P. laurifolia by the

position of the glands at or below the middle of the petiole rather

than at its apex, by the absence of glands at the margin of the bracts,

by differently colored flowers, and by the obtuse, rather than subu-

late, tips of the longer of the corona filaments.

22 1662 99 66s

LOCAL NAMES: “Injo,” “jujo,” “jujito’” (Mexico); “granadilla,”’

“sranadilla de monte” (Central America).

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 365

213. Passiflora laurifolia L. Sp. Pl. 956. 1753.

Granadilla laurifolia Medic. Malvenfam. 97. 1787.

Passiflora tinifolia Juss. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6: 113. pl. 41, f. 2.

1805.

Passiflora oblongifolia Pulle, Enum. Pl. Surinam 321. pl. 14, f. 3.

1906.

Passiflora laurifolia var. tinifolia Bois, Pl. Alimeret. 2: 357. 1928.

Plant glabrous, except the ovary and bracts; stem terete; stipules

narrowly linear, 3 to 4 mm. long, coriaceous; petioles 5 to 15 mm. long,

stout, biglandular just below apex, the glands oblong, 1 to 1.5 mm.

in diameter, sessile; leaves ovate-oblong or oblong, 6 to 12 cm. long,

3.5 to 8 em. wide, subacute, rounded, or obtuse, usually mucronulate

at apex, rounded or slightly emarginate at base, 1-nerved, strongly

reticulate-veined, thick-coriaceous, lustrous; peduncles 2 to 3 em.

(rarely up to 8 cm.) long; bracts ovate-oblong, 2.5 to 4 em. long, 2 to

2.5 em. wide, obtuse at apex, narrowed at base, glandular-serrate

toward apex, finely puberulent; flowers 5 to 7 cm. wide, calyx tube

cylindric-campanulate, up to 1 cm. long; sepals oblong, 2 to 2.5 em.

long, about 1 cm. wide, obtuse, corniculate dorsally just below apex,

green and red-maculate without, red or purplish red within; petals

similar to the sepals, slightly smaller; corona filaments transversely

banded with red, blue, violet, or purple, and white, in 6 series, the

outermost ligulate, about 2 cm. long, attenuate, those of the second

series ligulate, 3 to 4 cm. long, about 2 mm. wide, those of the suc-

ceeding 3 series barely 1 mm. long, the innermost filaments about

1.5 mm. long; operculum membranous, horizontal, the margin re-

curved, minutely denticulate; limen cupuliform, closely surrounding

base of gynophore; ovary ovoid, sericeo-tomentose; fruit ovoid, 5 to

8 cm. long, about 4 cm. in diameter, edible, the exocarp parchment-

like, lemon-yellow or orange-colored; seeds obcordate, 5 to 7 mm.

long, 3 to 5 mm. wide, finely reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Surinam (based on Merian, Hist. Gén. Insectes

Surinam 21: pl. 21).

ILLUSTRATIONS: Amoen. Acad. 1: pl. 10, f. 6; Plum. Pl. Amer.

pl. 80; Pluk. Alm. pl. 211, f. 3; Jacq. Hort. Vind. 3: pl. 162; Cav.

Diss. 10: pl. 284; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 2: pl. 4; Bot. Reg. 1:

pl. 18. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6: pl. 41, f. 2; Pulle, Enum. Surinam.

pl. 14, f. 8.

DISTRIBUTION: Throughout the West Indies and the Guianas,

Trinidad and northern Venezuela to Amazonian Peru and eastern

Brazil; extensively cultivated.

366 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

CuBA: Rio Navas, Shafer 4411 (F, N, Y).—Oriente: Baracoa,

- Ekman 4204 (8S).

HAITI: Tortue Island, Leonard & Leonard 11340 (N), 12529 (N),

15434 (N); Ekman H9804 (N). Bayeux, Ekman 2612 (B, S).

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Puerto Plato, Rawnkiaer 850 (Cop), 1381

(Cop); Ekman 14491 (N). Samana, Miller 1236 (N). Rio Nameyes,

Eggers 2701 (N, Y).

JAMAICA: Hart 655 (N). Kingston, cultivated, Maxon & Killip

1737 (N).

PUERTO RIco: Fajardo, Sintenis 1890 (N).

VIRGIN ISLANDS (U. §8.): St. Croix, Ricksecker 331 (F), 501 (G,

Minn, N), 502 (F).—St. Thomas: Rirédlé (P); Eggers 765 (B, Bo,

Brux, Gen, N, P, V); Ehrenberg 303 (B); Toepffer 765 (Gen); Fried-

richsthal 165 (V).—St. John: Britton & Shafer 563 (N, Y).

St. MARTIN: Boldingh 3333 (Ut).

SABA: Boldingh 2272 (Ut).

St. Eustatius: Boldingh 249 (Ut), 290 (Ut), 526 (Ut).

GUADELOUPE: Duchassaing (P); Duss 3249 (Cop).

DomINIca: Botanic Gardens, Fairchild in 1932 (N).

MARTINIQUE: Plée (P); Steinhetl 177 (P); Daperrey in 1825 (P);

Hahn (P); Mouret 210 (P); Duss 604 (P), 879, in part (N); G. W.

Smuth 942 (G).

St. VINCENT: Eggers 6958 (P); H. H. Smith 236 (J, Y).

GRENADA: H. H. Smith B132 (BM); Broadway in 1904 (N, Y).

TRINIDAD: Caroni, Britton & M endelson 836 (G, N, Y). Arena,

Broadway 6368 (K),in 1924 (F). Piarco, Trinidad Herb. 10999 (T).

La Brea, Trinidad Herb. 9110 (T). Aripo, Trinidad Herb. 10912 (T).

FRENCH GUIANA: Leblond in 1792 (Gen). Karouany, Sagot 281

(B, BM, Brux, Gen, K, P,S). Godebere, Wachenheim 61 (BM, K).

Cayenne, Broadway 291 (N, Y), 494 (N, Y), 748 (N, Y).

SuRINAM: Berthoud-Coulon 513 (BM), 515 (BM); Tulleken 92

(Leid); Hostmann 543 (K). Para Marquisade, Hostmann 541 (Gen,

Leid, Ut, V). Paramaribo, Went 351 (Ut); Splitgerber 464 (Leid);

Wullschlégel 213 (Brux, V), 237 (V). Sandrij I, Archer 2763 (N);

Samuels 468 (G, K, Y). Tapanahoni River, near Drie Tabbetje,

Versteeg 652 (Ut, type of P. oblongifolia). Marowijne River, Kappler

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 367

1991 (Ut). Commewijne River, Focke 748 (Ut). Upper Nickerie

River, B. W. 1080 (Ut). Susannadaal, Soeprata 33F (Ut).

BRITISH GUIANA: British Guiana Herb. 132 (B). Coast lands,

Jenman 5406 (N), 5407, in part (N). Potaro Landing, Jenman 7508

(BG). San Carlos, Schwyn 713 (B). Demerara, Parker (K).

VENEZUELA: Nueva Esparta: Margarita Island, J. R. Johnston

494 (G).

PERU: Loreto: Tarapoto, Ule 6337 (B, Gen, Go, K), 6545 (B,

Go, K).—Huanuco: Chicoplaya, Ruiz & Pavén (Bo).

BRAZIL: Rio Urarimera, Koch B4 (B).—Ceara: Crato, Gardner

1663 (BM, Bo, Gen, K, P, Y).

This group of granadillas, with small stipules and glabrous,

laurel-shaped leaves, which are here brought together in the series

Laurifoliae, is an exceedingly difficult one, due to a general similarity

in the shape of the leaves and to the absence of any indument on the

vegetative parts by which ready distinctions can be made. The

species appear to fall into two main groups, one with the outermost

series of corona filaments much shorter than the next series (the

difference well shown in Popenoe’s illustration of P. Popenovii in

Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 24: pl. 42), the other with the outermost

filaments equaling or exceeding those of the next series. In the

first group the species all have pubescent ovaries; in the second, the -

ovary is pubescent in P. riparia, P. tolimana, P. acuminata, and P.

Gleasont and glabrous in the four other species. The species of the

first group, with the exception of P. nigradenia, differ in only minor

characters but these differences correlate well with the geographical

distribution of the species. In P. ambigua, from Central America,

the glands are borne below the middle of the petiole, and there is a

distinct space between the second and the third row of corona fila-

ments. In P. laurifolia the glands are borne near the apex of the

petiole, and the third row of filaments is situated close to the second

row. Passiflora nigradenia has a coronal structure very different

from any of these.

Passiflora tinifolia appears to be this species. The type, collected

in French Guiana by Richard, is not in the Jussieu Herbarium at

Paris. Jussieu states that P. laurifolia differs from P. tinifolia in

having leaves emarginate at the base, petioles glandular at the apex,

not at the middle, and more deeply crenate bracts, which are as

long as the sepals (much shorter than the sepals in P. tinifolia). In

the illustration accompanying Jussieu’s description of P. tinifolia

368 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

the bracts are borne well above the middle; the shorter outermost

row of filaments, outside of the long, prominent filaments, charac-

teristic of P. laurifolia, is not shown in this figure, but this is appar-

ently a conventionalized drawing of the flower, and too much

importance should not be attached to it.

In the Linnean Herbarium there are three specimens belonging

to this complex group, these bearing the following inscriptions:

No. 2. “‘pallida” in ink by Linnaeus; “‘laurifolia Jacq. non Linn.

H. B. Herb. Banks, non Plumieri icon.” in pencil by J. E. Smith.

This is typical P. laurifolia.

No. 5. “rubrum” and “Surinam”’ in ink by Linnaeus; “laurifolia’”’

in ink by J. E. Smith. This is P. nitida.

No. 6. Not named by Linnaeus; “laurifolia?”’ in pencil by J. E.

Smith. This is P. laurtfolia.

The species is not represented by a true type in the Linnean

Herbarium. Most of the specimens from the upper Amazon basin

which have been identified as P. laurifolia prove to be P. nitida or

P. riparia.

Passiflora laurifolia is extensively cultivated in the West Indies,

both for ornamental purposes and for its fruit. The pulp is used in

making cooling drinks and sherbets.

LOCAL NAMES: “Water lemon,” “Jamaican honeysuckle” (British

West Indies); ‘“‘saibey’’ (Cuba); “‘parcha,”’ “bell apple’ (Puerto

Rico); ‘‘pomme liane”’ (Martinique, French Guiana); “vinegar pear’’

(West Indies); ‘‘scimitoo’”’ (British Guiana); ‘‘maracuja laranja’’

(Brazil); ‘‘maritambour” (French Guiana); ‘“‘macousa,”’ “‘markoesa,”’

‘‘Para-markoesa,”’ “‘sosopora,” “‘semitoo’’ (Surinam).

214. Passiflora acuminata DC. Prodr. 3: 328. 1828.

Plant glabrous throughout, except the ovary; stem terete or sub-

angular; stipules narrowly linear, about 4 mm. long, falcate, decidu-

ous; petioles about 1 cm. long, conspicuously biglandular at apex;

leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 7 to 14 cm. long, 2 to 5 em.

wide, tapering gradually to an acute apex, rounded or acutish at

base, entire, penninerved (principal lateral nerves 6 or 7 to a side),

membranous or subcoriaceous, sublustrous; peduncles solitary, 3 to

4 em. long; bracts oblong, 2.5 to 4 em. long, 1 to 1.5 em. wide, obtuse

at apex, narrowed at base, entire; flowers 5 to 6 cm. wide, “pale

blue’; sepals narrowly lanceolate, 2 to 2.5 cm. long, 6 to 7 mm. wide,

dorsally awned just below apex; petals similar to the sepals, about

1.5 em. long; corona filaments in 5 series, those of the 2 outer series

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 369

subequal, 3 to 4 em. long, narrowly linear, filiform toward the tips,

those of the next 2 series few, setaceous, barely 1 mm. long, the

innermost filaments subulate, 5 to 6 mm. long, conspicuously banded

with violet and white; operculum membranous, 4 to 5 mm. high,

slightly incurved, minutely fimbrillate; limen tubular, closely sur-

rounding base of gynophore; ovary ovoid, minutely puberulent.

TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil.

DISTRIBUTION: Along the lower Amazon River, Brazil.

BRAZIL: Collector uncertain (P, type).—Para: Obidos, Swallen

5095 (N). Faro, Ducke 10528 (Go). Santarem, Spruce 760 (K, P).

Para, Hoffmannsegg (Brux, BW); Burchell 9504 (G, K, P), 9988 (K);

Killip & Smith 30272 (N, Y). Ilha do Mosqueiro, Killip & Smith

30572 (N, Y).

Passiflora acuminata was treated by Masters as a variant of P.

laurifolia with narrower leaves. The type at Paris is well preserved,

but I did not make a dissection of the interior of the flowers; however,

the two outer rows of corona filaments are clearly visible, and these

are far slenderer than in P. laurifolia. Swallen 5095 obviously

represents P. acuminata, and from it part of the above diagnosis has

been drawn. The very slender filaments are suggestive of P. Glea-

soni, but that species differs in having much smaller, reddish bracts

and a wholly different operculum, and the innermost filaments are

very short.

215. Passiflora Gleasoni Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 14: 112.

1924.

Plant glabrous throughout, except the bracts and ovary; stipules

setaceous, 8 mm. long, early deciduous; petioles up to 2 cm. long,

biglandular about 5 mm. below apex, the glands sessile, 2 mm. in

diameter; leaves oblong, up to 16 cm. long and 9 cm. wide, abruptly

acuminate at apex, truncate at base, remotely and shallowly

glandular-serrulate, or subentire, subcoriaceous, lustrous above;

peduncles up to 5 em. long; bracts oblong-elliptic, about 2 cm. long,

4 to 5 mm. wide, cuspidate-acuminate, glandular-serrate at apex,

finely. puberulent on both surfaces, reddish (when dry); flowers

about 8 cm. wide; sepals lanceolate, 3 to 3.5 cm. long, about 1 cm.

wide, obtuse, not awned at apex; petals linear, about 2 cm. long and

5 mm. wide, obtuse, much thinner than sepals; corona filaments in

3 series, those of the 2 outer subequal, capillary, 4 to 5 cm. long,

those of the third series narrowly linear, 1 mm. long; operculum

membranous, 7 to 8 mm. high, cleft to the base into linear segments

370 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

nearly 3 mm. wide; nectar ring a low, annular ridge; limen borne

close to base of gynophore, barely 2 mm. high, denticulate; ovary

ovoid, finely ferruginous-tomentellous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Pomeroon River, Pomeroon District, British

Guiana.

DISTRIBUTION: British Guiana.

BRITISH GUIANA: Pomeroon River, Pomeroon District, De la

Cruz 2963 (N, type, Y). Bartica, Essequibo River, Sandwith 254 (K).

The foliage of this species resembles that of P. nitida HBK.,

but the bracts and flowers are very different. Passiflora nitida has

larger, rounded bracts, and the outer corona filaments are thick and

fleshy. In P. Gleasonz the bracts are narrowed at both ends, resemb-

ling those of P. wtifolia, and the corona filaments are extremely

slender.

216. Passiflora riparia Mart. ex Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 138,

Dis 1s 599. ls J16>. 1812.

Plant glabrous, except the ovary; stem terete; stipules linear,

3 to 4 mm. long, soon deciduous; petioles 1.5 to 2 cm. long, bi-

glandular at middle, the glands sessile; leaves oblong or oblanceolate,

10 to 15 em. long, 4.5 to 8 em. wide, abruptly acuminate at apex,

rounded, retuse, or narrowed at base, entire or minutely serrulate,

1-nerved (principal secondary nerves 6 or 7 pairs), subcoriaceous;

peduncles 4 to 5 cm. long, borne on short (about 3 cm.), axillary,

leafless (or with much reduced leaves) branches; bracts ovate-

oblong, 3 to 4 cm. long, 1.5 to 2 cm. wide, obtuse, glandular at

margin, reddish; calyx tube cylindric-campanulate, about 1 cm.

long, 1.5 em. wide at throat; sepals oblong, 4 to 5 cm. long, 2 cm.

wide, obtuse, dorsally awned just below apex (awn about 5 mm.

long), white, green-tinged; petals oblong-linear, about 4 cm. long

and 8 mm. wide, obtuse, white; corona in several series, the 2 outer

filamentose, the filaments carnose, about 2 mm. thick, subequal,

4 to 5 em. long, banded with blue or violet and white, these followed

by an irregular mass of tubercles covering about 6 mm. of the height

of the tube, the innermost series filamentose, the filaments about

2 mm. long; operculum membranous, horizontally spreading, the

margin recurved, crenulate; gynophore white; ovary ovoid, rufo-

sericeo-tomentose; fruit ovoid or globose, 3 to 4 em. long, 2.5 to

3.5 em. in diameter, tomentellous; seeds obovate, 7 to 8 mm. long,

5 to 6 mm. wide, reticulate at center, striate at margin.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 371

TYPE LOCALITY: Amazon River, at mouth of Rio Madeira,

Brazil (type collected by Martius).

ILLUSTRATION: Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: pl. 116.

DISTRIBUTION: Amazonian basin of Peru and Brazil.

PERU: San Martin: Tarapoto, L. Williams 5637 (F), 5848 (F).

Alto Rio Huallaga, L. Williams 6300 (N). Lamas, L. Williams 6378

(N). Juanjui, Klug 3897 (F, N, Y). Chasuta, Klug 4037 (F, N, Y).—

Loreto: Yurimaguas, Killip & Smith 28214 (N, Y), 28940 (N, Y);

L. Williams 7876 (N). Lower Rio Huallaga, Killip & Smith 29012

(N, Y). Iquitos, L. Williams 1392 (N), 1440 (N), 7996 (N). La

Victoria, Amazon River, L. Williams 3126 (N).—Junin: Puerto

Yessup, Killip & Smith 26307 (F, N, Y). Puerto Bermudez, Killip

& Smith 26683 (N, Y).

BRAZIL: Rio Pacimoni, Spruce 3390 (K, P, V).—Amazonas: Sao

Gabriel, Rio Negro, Spruce 2191 (K, P, V). Barra (Manaos), Spruce

1172 (K, P), 1394, in part (K, P). Lago do Aleixo, Ducke 24044

(N).—Para: Belem, Ducke 17338 (N). Santarem, Swallen 3309 (N).

Passiflora riparia appears to be the commonest representative

of this series in the upper and middle Amazon Valley, many speci-

mens hitherto considered P. laurifolia evidently belonging here.

Though in the shape of the leaves and in the indument of the ovary it

closely resembles P. laurifolia, the corona filaments are much longer

and the two outer series are subequal. Another species with which

P. riparia may easily be confused is P. nitida, but in that the ovary

is glabrous, the corona filaments are somewhat slenderer, and the

whole plant usually becomes very dark upon drying. A mark that

may serve to distinguish P. riparia from all its allies is the grouping

of the flowers in clusters on short, axillary, leafless branches. How-

ever, as only one of the flowers on the branch may develop or persist,

this character can not always be relied upon.

Ducke 24044, Swallen 3309, and certain other specimens from

the middle Amazon are doubtfully referred here. The glands are

borne at the apex of the petiole and the leaves are narrow, yet the

flowers seem indistinguishable from those of P. riparia. A note

accompanying the Ducke specimen states that the mature fruit is

citron-colored, with a very acid, nonedible pulp.

217. Passiflora tolimana Harms, Bot. Jahrb. 18: Beibl. 46: 9. 1894.

Plant glabrous throughout, except the inflorescence; stem

purplish, 5-angled; stipules linear, 4 to 6 mm. long, glandular-serrate

372 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

toward apex, soon deciduous; petioles 1 to 1.5 em. long, biglandular

in upper half, the glands sessile, about 1 mm. in diameter; leaves

oblong-lanceolate, 10 to 20 cm. long, 3 to 10 cm. wide, abruptly

acuminate and mucronate at apex (tip about 1 cm. long), narrowed

at base, 1-nerved (secondary nerves 6 to 10 to a side, distant, curved-

ascending), entire or remotely and obscurely denticulate; peduncles

solitary, up to 3 cm. long, stout; bracts ovate-oblong, 2.5 to 3.5 em.

long, about 2 cm. wide, rounded at apex, free to base, glandular-

serrate; calyx tube broadly campanulate, sparingly pilose without;

sepals oblong, 1.5 to 2 cm. long, about 7 mm. wide, dorsally cor-

niculate below apex, tomentellous and greenish white without, light

violet within; petals similar to the sepals, slightly narrower, light

violet; corona filaments banded with light violet and white, in 4

or 5 series, those of the 2 outer ones subequal, slightly exceeding

the petals, very slender at the tips, the inner filaments much shorter,

united at base; operculum membranous, inflexed at base, the margin

erect, short-toothed; limen annular, closely surrounding the base

of the gynophore, about 1.2 cm. long, bearing a thickened, annular

process about 1.5 mm. above its base; ovary ellipsoidal, short-

tomentose.

TYPE LOCALITY: Dolores, Department of Tolima, Colombia.

ILLUSTRATION: Mutis, Icon. Pl. Ined. 26: pl. 4.

DISTRIBUTION: Central and Western Cordilleras of Colombia.

COLOMBIA: Tolima: Dolores, 1,400—1,800 meters, Lehmann 6060

(B, type, K).—El Valle: La Cumbre, 2,000 meters, Pennell &

Killip 5754 (N); Killip 5594 (G, N, Ph, Y), 11679 (G, N, Ph, Y).

Passiflora tolimana and P. nitida are the only representatives of

Laurifoliae in western Colombia, the present species being quite

common about La Cumbre, but at the time of my visit in October

the plants were in young bud only. Lehmann’s notes state that the

pulp is sourish-sweet and edible.

218. Passiflora odontophylla Harms ex Glaziou, Bull. Soc. Bot.

France 56, Mém. 3d: 315. 1909, name only; Repert. Sp. Nov.

18: 296. 1922.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem subangular; stipules seta-

ceaus(?), early deciduous; petioles 2 to 4 cm. long, minutely bi-

glandular at apex; leaves ovate, 11 to 14 em. long, 7 to 9 em. wide,

abruptly acuminate at apex, cordulate at base, conspicuously crenu-

late-serrulate, 3-5-nerved, membranous, sublustrous; peduncles

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 373

slender, 6 to 8 em. long; bracts ovate-oblong to oblong, 3 to 3.5

em. long, about 2 cm. wide, concave, rounded and apiculate at apex,

reddish brown when dry; flowers rose; calyx tube campanulate,

7 to 8 mm. long, about 1 cm. wide; sepals oblong-lanceolate, 2.5 to

3 cm. long, 1 cm. wide, obtuse, terminating in a foliaceous awn

about 2 mm. long; petals lanceolate, about 2 cm. long and 5 mm.

wide; corona in several series, the: outermost filaments about 1.5

em. long, those of the second rank about 5 mm. long, the succeeding

rows 0.3 to 0.4 mm. long; operculum membranous, fimbriate; nectar

ring small; limen membranous, cupuliform, closely surrounding base

of gynophore; ovary subglobose, glabrous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Alto Macace de Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro,

Brazil.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the State of Rio de Janeiro,

Brazil.

BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: Alto Macace de Nova Friburgo,

Glaziou 20333 (B, type, Cop, K, P); Ule 4906 (B).

Closely allied to P. nitida, this species differs in having 3-

5-nerved, more deeply toothed, thinner leaves, and much slenderer

petioles and peduncles.

219. Passiflora ischnoclada Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin

10: 812. 1929. -

Plant glabrous throughout; stem slender; stipules filiform, 3 to 4

mm. long; petioles 0.5 to 1.5 em. long, glandular at or above middle,

the glands short-stipitate; leaves oblong, ovate-lanceolate, or ovate-

oblong, 2 to 6 em. long, 1 to 3 em. wide, acute at apex, short-

mucronulate, rounded and subpeltate at base, membranous, lustrous,

conspicuously veined; peduncles solitary, 7 to 11 cm. long, slender;

bracts broadly ovate, 2 to 2.5 cm. or more long, obtuse at apex,

mucronulate, rounded or cordulate at base, membranous, violet-

rose(?); calyx tube campanulate, about 4 mm. long, ventricose;

sepals 2.5 cm. long, or more, dorsally winged-carinate toward apex,

the keel terminating in a short awn.

TYPE LOCALITY: Rio Claro, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality, in southern

Brazil.

BRAZIL: Sao Paulo: Rio Claro, Léfgren 5754 (B, type).

This is known only from the type specimen, the condition of

whose flowers does not permit a satisfactory diagnosis. Although

374 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

the large, highly colored bracts and the shape of the leaves suggest

a close relationship with P. Jileki and P. actinia, the filiform stipules

necessitate placing the species at this point in the present treatment.

Among the species with small stipules and entire leaves P. Popenovii

alone has peduncles as long as those of P. ischnoclada.

220. Passiflora nitida HBK. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2: 130. 1817.

Figure 2, c.

Passiflora nympheoides Karst. Linnaea 30: 165. 1859 or 1860.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete, the younger portions

subangular; stipules linear-subulate, 5 to 6 mm. long; petioles up

to 3 cm. long, biglandular at apex, the glands sessile; leaves ovate-

oblong, ovate-elliptic, or broadly ovate, 9 to 17 cm. long, 6 to 10 em.

wide, acute or acuminate at apex, rounded at base, subentire,

undulate-denticulate, or serrulate (rarely regularly serrate to base),

coriaceous or subcoriaceous, lustrous on both surfaces, usually be-

coming blackish in drying; peduncles rather stout, 3 to 6 cm. long;

bracts oblong-ovate, about 3.5 cm. long, 2.5 em. wide, rounded at

apex and base; flowers 9 to 11 cm. wide; calyx tube campanulate;

sepals oblong-lanceolate, 4 to 4.5 cm. long, 1 to 1.5 cm. wide, obtuse,

fleshy, greenish without, white within; petals narrowly oblong, 4 to

4.5 em. long, 0.8 to 1 em. wide, obtuse, membranous, white; corona

filaments in several series, the 2 outer subequal, 2 to 3.5 cm. long,

about 1 mm. thick, terete, long-attenuate, white and densely pink-

spotted at base, alternately banded with blue and white at middle,

white at tips, those of the succeeding 2 or 8 series filiform, 2 to 3 mm.

long, white, the innermost filaments about 1 cm. long; operculum

membranous, 5 to 8 mm. wide, white, horizontal, the margin erect,

fimbrillate, the fringe about 1 mm. long; limen membranous, tubular,

closely surrounding base of gynophore; ovary obovoid, glabrous;

fruit globose, 3 to 4 cm. in diameter; seeds obcordate, about 5 mm.

long and 3 mm. wide, tridentate at apex, reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Forests along Orinoco River, near Javita,

Venezuela.

ILLUSTRATION: Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt. 1: pl. 118.

DISTRIBUTION: Western coast of Colombia; eastern Colombia to

the Guianas, and south to Peru, and Goyaz, Brazil; at low elevations.

Also in Panama, though perhaps cultivated.

PANAMA: Canal Zone: Summit, cultivated(?), Lindsay 230 (N).

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 3875

SURINAM: Splitgerber 458 (Leid). Nickerie River, Pulle 549

(Ut). Para, Wullschligel 1475 (Brux). Groningen, Samuels 124

(B, G, K, Leid). Gran Rio, Hulk 294 (Ut).

BRITISH GUIANA: Schomburgk 956 (B, Bo, Gen, K, N, V); Jen-

man 1764 (Y), 5407, in part (N, Y), 6428 (Y). Cultivated, British

Guiana Herb. 4495 (N). Demerara River, Jenman 4783 (Minn, N,

Ph, Y); Parker (K). Rockstone, Gleason 855 (N, Y). Moruka

River, De la Cruz 989 (N, Y), 2504 (N, Y), 4573 (N, Ph, Y). Be-

tween Demerara and Barbice rivers, De la Cruz 1625 (G, N, Y).

Amakura River, De la Cruz 3538 (F, G, Mo, N, Ph, Y). Essequibo

River, Persaud 342 (F), 342bis (F); Myers 5826 (K). Mazaruni

River, De la Cruz 4191 (G, N, Y). Mabaruna Compound, Archer

2291 (N), 2305 (N).

VENEZUELA: Along Orinoco River, near Javita, Humboldt &

Bonpland (type, B, BW, P). Orinoco River, es pe od (P).—

Amazonas: San Carlos, Spruce 3472 (K, P).

COLOMBIA: Cundinamarca: Piperal, near Bogota, Karsten (B, V,

type of P. nympheoides); Triana 2987 (BM, HNC, P). Tena,

Lehmann 8015 (K). Utica, Cortés in 1900 (Bog).—Meta: Villavi-

cencio, Apollinaire Marie in 1928 (Bog).—El Valle: Buenaventura,

Triana 2931 (BM, Gen, HNC, K, P).

PERU: Loreto: Iquitos, Killip & Smith 26909 (F, N, Y), 27158

(F, N, Y); Klug 256 (F, N, Y), 828 (F, N, Y); L. Williams 1383 (F),

1517 (N); Tessmann 3703 (B, Gen); Mexia 6488 (N). Rio Nanay,

L. Williams 1130 (N). La eae L. Williams 2800 (N). Rio

Rumiyacu, Raimondi 614 (B).

BRAZIL: Hoffmannsegg (BW); Pohl 924 (B, K). Meeaonine!

Manaos, Killip & Smith 30073 (N, Y); Ule 5974 (B, Gen, Go, K);

Labroy in 1906 (P). Santa Izabel, G. H. H. Tate 83 (Y). Ega,

Poeppig 2584 (V), 2712 (V), 2893 (V). Sao Paulo de Olivenga,

Krukoff 8943 (Y).—Para: Tapana, Killip & Smith 30371 (N, Y).

Rio Tapajos, Krukoff 1264 (Gen, Ut, Y). Marco, Baker 83 (Go).

Rio Arinos, Kuhlmann 1064 (B).—Bahia: Blanchet in 1839 (BM).—

Goyaz: Santa Cruz, Pohl 2863 (V).

In Humboldt’s type and the Peruvian material here listed the

leaves are proportionately narrower and more noticeably serrulate

(though scarcely “‘serrate-dentate”’ as originally described) than in the

numerous specimens from British Guiana. No other differences are

discernible, however. In herbaria this species has often been con-

fused with P. laurifolia, although the two are readily distinguished

376 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

by differences in the corona and operculum. The specimens often

turn black in drying, a condition not noted in P. laurifolia.

LOCAL NAMES: “Bell-apple,’’ “‘semito,’” ‘‘maricouia’”’ (British

Guiana); “maracuja de cheiro” (Brazil).

221. Passiflora gSuazumaefolia Juss. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6: 112.

pl. 39, f. 1. 1805.

(?)Passiflora theobromaefolia DC. Prodr. 3: 331. 1828.

Plant glabrous throughout; stipules setaceous, 5 to 6 mm. long;

petioles up to 3 cm. long, biglandular just above middle, the glands

sessile, 0.6 mm. in diameter; leaves oblong-lanceolate, 7 to 12 cm.

long, 3 to 4.5 cm. wide, abruptly acuminate at apex, rounded or

truneate at base, shallowly denticulate or subentire, membranous

or subcoriaceous; peduncles up to 4 cm. long; bracts ovate, 1.5 to 2

em. long, 1.3 to 1.5 em. wide, rounded at apex, narrowed at base,

minutely glandular-serrulate toward apex, more conspicuously so

toward base; flowers 5 to 7 cm. wide; sepals oblong, 2.5 to 3 cm. long,

about 1 cm. wide, obtuse, short-awned distally; petals linear-lanceo-

late, subequal to the sepals, obtuse; corona filaments in several series,

the 2 outer subequal, filiform, 1.5 to 2 cm. long, those of the succeed-

ing series densely massed, 1 to 2 mm. long; operculum membranous,

about 2 mm. high, erect, minutely denticulate; nectar ring annular;

limen cylindric, closely surrounding base of gynophore; ovary ovoid,

glabrous; fruit globose, 4 cm. in diameter; seeds obcordate, 7 mm.

long, 5 mm. wide, apiculate, the axis slightly curved, the surface ©

faintly reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Tenerife, lower Magdalena Valley, Colombia.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6: pl. 39, f. 1; Mutis, Icon.

Pl. Ined. 26: pl. 13. |

DISTRIBUTION: Valleys of the Magdalena River, Colombia, and

the Orinoco River, Venezuela.

VENEZUELA: Bolivar: Ciudad Bolivar, Lehmann 8773 (B, K);

Holt & Blake 843 (N). Along Orinoco River, Chaffanjon 256 (P).

CoLoMBIA: Magdalena: Tenerife, Humboldt & Bonpland (P,

type). Gamarra, Dawe 496 (K, N). Magdalena Valley, Dawe 960

(K).—Bolivar: Lands of Loba, Curran 30 (N).—Santander: Puerto

Wilches, Killip & Smith 14800 (A, G, N, Y).—Tolima: Honda,

Bonpland (B).—Meta: Villavicencio, André 1029 (K).

Related to P. nitida, this species is distinguished by proportion-

ately narrower leaves, glabrous bracts, smaller flowers, shorter and

much slenderer corona filaments, and a shorter operculum.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 377

Series 6. Serratifoliae

222. Passiflora bahiensis Klotzsch, Linnaea 14: 293. 1840.

Passiflora parahybensis Barb. Rodr. Pl. Nov. Jard. Bot. Rio de

Janeiro 5: 1. pl. 1. 1896.

Plant densely hirtellous nearly throughout; stipules linear, about

1 cm. long, glandular-denticulate, deciduous; petioles about 1 cm.

long, biglandular at apex, the glands sessile; leaves ovate or ovate-

oblong, 8 to 16 cm. long, 5 to 9 cm. wide, acute or acuminate at

apex, cordulate at base, irregularly dentate, subcoriaceous, glabres-

cent above, densely pubescent, hirtellous on nerves, beneath;

peduncles 3 (rarely 2) to 6 to an axil, 1,5 to 2 cm. long, slender, articu-

late near apex; bracts linear-lanceolate, 6 to 10 mm. long, 1.5 to 2

mm. wide, serrulate, soon deciduous; flowers 2 to 3 cm. wide; calyx

tube short-campanulate; sepals oblong, about 10 mm. long, 4 mm.

wide, obtuse, minutely mucronulate just below apex; petals subequal

to and narrower than sepals, white; corona filaments in 5 series,

those of the 2 outer series narrowly liguliform, 6 to 8 mm. long,

the inner capillary, about 1.5 mm. long; operculum membranous,

filamentose above; limen closely surrounding base of gynophore;

ovary globose, tomentellous or glabrous; fruit globose, about 2.5

cm. in diameter, glabrous; seeds obovate, 3.5 mm. long, 2.5 mm.

wide, reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Bahia, Brazil. al

ILLUSTRATION: Pl. Nov. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 5: pl. 1.

DISTRIBUTION: States of Bahia and Pernambuco, eastern Brazil.

BRAZIL: Bahia: Bahia, Salzmann 290 (type collection; Gen, P);

Blanchet 147 (BM, Bo, Gen); Glocker 542 (BM, N, S). Cruz do

Cosme, Luschnath 199 (B, Bo, Brux).—Pernambuco: Tapera, Pickel

3099 (N).

The flowers and bracts of P. bahiensis are much smaller than in

most other species of Granadilla. The dense, brown indument cover-

ing the stem and the under side of the leaves is like that of the well

known P. vitifolia.

223. Passiflora malacophylla Mast. in Mart. FI. Bras. 18, pt. 1:

604. pl. 117, f. 2. 1872.

Plant ferruginous-tomentellous throughout; stem terete; stipules

setaceous, 3 to 4 mm. long, soon deciduous; petioles 0.5 to 1 cm. long,

biglandular at apex; leaves elliptic-lanceolate, 4 to 10 cm. long, 1.5

to 5 cm. wide, subacute, rounded at base, serrulate, 1-nerved (about

378 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

6 lateral secondary nerves to a side), membranous or subcoriaceous,

rufo-hirtellous, especially beneath; peduncles solitary, 1 to 1.5 cm.

long, articulate; bracts narrowly oblong, 0.8 to 1.5 cm. long, 2 to 6

mm. wide, undulate; flowers 5 to 8 cm. wide; sepals narrowly oblong,

3 to 3.5 em. long, about 1 cm. wide, obtuse, keeled without, the keel

terminating in a short awn; petals equaling sepals, white; corona

filaments in several series, the outermost liguliform, 6 to 8 mm. long,

those of the succeeding series filiform, 2 to 3 mm. long; operculum

membranous, 4 to 5 mm. long, inclined inward, erose at margin;

nectar ring a low, annular ridge midway between operculum and base

of gynophore; limen(?); ovary ovoid, tomentose.

TYPE LOCALITY: Lagéa Sarita, Minas Geraes, Brazil.

ILLUSTRATION: Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt. 1: pl. 117, f. 2.

DISTRIBUTION: East-central Brazil.

BRAZIL: Ilha Santa Catharina, Gaudichaud (P).—Bahia: Blan-

chet 10 (F), 438 (Y).—Minas Geraes: Lagéa Santa, Warming 1178

(Cop, type).

The vegetative characters of P. malacophylla and P. bahiensis

are very similar, but the bracts and the flowers of the former are

much larger and the peduncles are solitary, not fascicled.

224. Passiflora serratifolia L. Sp. Pl. 955. 1753.

Granadilla serratifolia Medic. Malvenfam. 97. 1787.

Passiflora denticulata Sessé & Moc. Fl. Mex. 227. 1887.

Stem terete, striate, hirtellous; stipules linear-subulate, about

7 mm. long, serrulate toward apex; petioles 5 to 12 cm. long, densely

hirtellous, bearing 6 clavate glands about 1 mm. long; leaves ovate

or ovate-oblong, 8 to 12 cm. long, 4 to 7 cm. wide, acuminate,

rounded or cordulate at base, serrulate, membranous, or sub-

coriaceous, glabrescent above, short-hirtellous beneath; peduncles

solitary, 5 to 7 cm. long; bracts oblong-lanceolate, 2 to 3 cm. long,

0.8 to 1 cm. wide, acute, finely pubescent, green; flowers 4 to 6 cm.

wide; calyx tube campanulate; sepals lanceolate, 2.5 to 3 cm. long,

5 to 8 mm. wide, carinate, the keel terminating in an awn about

2 mm. long, purplish; petals oblong-lanceolate, 1.5 to 2 em. long,

4 to 6 mm. wide, obtuse, purplish; corona filaments in several series,

the outermost filiform, 2.5 to 3.5 cm. long, radiate, purple at base,

white toward apex, those of the succeeding 3 or 4 series liguliform,

1 to 2 mm. long, banded with purple and white, those of innermost

series 8 to 10 mm. long, connate at base; operculum membranous,

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 379

about 3 mm. high, erect, denticulate or subentire; limen cupuli-

form, about 4 mm. high, closely surrounding base of gynophore;

ovary ellipsoidal, glabrous; fruit ovoid or subglobose, 5 to 9 cm.

long, 3.5 to 5 em. in diameter, glabrous, lemon-yellow, edible; seeds

flattened, cuneate, 6 to 7 mm. long, 4 to 5 mm. wide, tridentate at

apex, reticulate with 20 to 25 reticulations to each face.

TYPE LOCALITY: ‘‘Surinam,”’ but in view of other elements in

Linnaeus’ description the type locality should be considered as

Veracruz, Mexico.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Amoen. Acad. 1: pl. 10, f. 1; Martyn, Hist. Pl.

Rar. pl. 34; Jacq. Hort. Bot. Vind. 1: pl. 10; Cav. Diss. pl. 279; Bot.

Mag. 18: pl. 651; Bot. Cab. 2: pl. 195.

DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Mexico to Costa Rica.

Mexico: Linden 894 (Gen, K). Tlacotalpan, Hahn 143 (P).

Lizardo, Wawra 293 (V).—Tamaulipas: Berlandier 112 (Gen, P, V),

183 (Gen, P). Gdémez Farias, Palmer 339 (N).—San Luis Potosi:

Rascén, Palmer 655 (G, Mo, N). Tanquian, Seler 272 (B).—Vera-

cruz: Tuxpan, Wawra 726 (V). Tantoyuca, Ervendberg 226 (Bo, G,

Gen, P). Mirador, Liebmann 4117 (B, Cop). Misantla, Liebmann

‘4116 (Cop). Cajadero, Liebmann 4118 (Cop, V), 4119 (Cop, N).

Zacuapan, Purpus in 1924 (N), 15300 (Mich). Santa Lucrecia,

Mell 523 (N, Y). Cordoba, Sessé & Mocitio 4447 (Bo, Ma, type of

P. denticulata), 4448 (Ma); Bourgeau 2229 (Bo, P). Veracruz,

Houston in 1731 (BM, type).—Puebla: Metlaltoyuca, Goldman 36

(G, N). Chinantla, Galeotti 3673 (Bo, Brux, Gen, P).—Tabasco:

San Juan Bautista, Rovirosa 129 (N, Ph).—Chiapas: Palenque,

Seler 5493 (B, N).

GUATEMALA: Xalaoc, H. Johnson 563 (N).—Alta Verapaz:

Secanquim, Pitter 174 (N). Semacoch, Goll 267 (N). Finea Mocca,

H. Johnson 59 (N).

BRITISH HONDURAS: Schipp 143 (Gen). Tower Hill, Karling 6

(N, Y). Toledo, Peck 791 (Y). El Cayo District, Bartlett 12082

(N), 13004 (N), 13038 (N); Chanek 42 (Mich). Belize River, Lundell

8931 (N), 3982 (N), 4111 (N). Corozal, Lundell 4739 (Mich);

Gentle 427 (N), 454 (N).

Honpuras: San Pedro Sula, Thieme 5243 (N). Tela, Standley

54374 (N), 54764 (N). Lancetilla, Chickering 41 (Mich).

Costa RIcaA: Shirores, Talamanca, Tonduz 9190. (Brux, N),

9328 (N). Tilaran, Standley & Valerio 46091 (N).

380 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

This is Passiflora No. 1 in the Amoenitates and the Species Plan-

tarum. The first reference in the Species Plantarum is to the

Amoenttates, and the figure there shown (p. 10, f. 1) clearly represents

the plant that has commonly passed as P. serratifolia. This figure

evidently was derived from Martyn’s illustration (likewise cited in

the two Linnean works) of a Houston plant from Veracruz, Mexico,

a specimen of which is now in the British Museum. The habitat

‘Surinam”’ given by Linnaeus can be traced to Tourneforte’s brief

description (Inst. 241) of “Granadilla sirinamensis, folio oblongo

serrato,’’ quoted in the Amoenitates but omitted from the Species

Plantarum. The Tourneforte description refers perhaps to the

common Guiana plant, P. coccinea Aubl. Masters lists specimens

from Martinique and Surinam as P. serratifolia. There is a sheet

of P. serratifolia in the Paris herbarium labeled ‘‘Martinique—M.

Bélanger, 1857—-1860,’’ and one in the Berlin herbarium labeled

“Surinam,” without precise locality data or name of collector. I

believe that these represent’ cultivated plants or that there has been

a confusion of locality data, and that the species does not occur

naturally outside of Mexico and Central America.

LOcAL NAMES: “Injito amarillo” (Tabasco); ‘‘amapola,’’

“granadilla del monte” (Central America).

225. Passiflora dasyadenia Urban, Symb. Ant. 3: 328. 1902.

Stem terete, the older portions glabrous, the younger densely

ferruginous-tomentulous; stipules linear-subulate, 5 to 7 mm. long,

early deciduous; petioles 1.5 to 5 cm. long, subquadrangular, bi-

glandular below middle, the glands sessile, minute, contiguous,

rarely a third gland borne near apex of petiole; leaves ovate or

ovate-lanceolate, 6 to 13 cm. long, 3.5 to 6 em. wide, rounded or

truncate at apex (or the lower sometimes 3-lobed, the lobes oblong,

the lateral about half as long and half as wide as the middle lobe,

ascending), rounded or cordulate at base, repand-dentate, 3-nerved

(middle nerves prominent), strongly reticulate-veined (veins im-

pressed above), sparingly pilosulous above, densely short-pilosulous

on nerves and veins beneath, coriaceous; peduncle up to 4 em. long;

bracts ovate, about 1.5 cm. long and 8 mm. wide, deciduous, borne

about 8 mm. below base of flower; calyx tube short-campanulate;

sepals lanceolate, about 2 cm. long and 8 mm. wide, obtuse, aristu-

late just below apex, green and minutely pilosulous without; petals

linear-oblong, about 1.5 cm. long and 4 mm. wide, obtuse, thin-

membranous, white; corona filaments in about 7 series, the outer-

most filiform, 1.5 cm. long, those of the second series liguliform,

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 381

3 mm. long, 1-nerved, those of the succeeding 3 series tuberculiform,

less than 1 mm., the innermost filiform, about 1.5 mm.; operculum

membranous, incurved, fimbriate at margin; limen cupuliform,

closely surrounding base of gynophore; ovary globose, densely

brown-tomentose; fruit subglobose 3 to 4 cm. in diameter; seeds

obovate, about 5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, terminating in a mucro

nearly 2 mm. long, finely reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: El] Aji, Cuba.

DISTRIBUTION: Western Cuba.

CuBA: El Aji, Eggers 4670 (B, type, P).—Pinar del Rio: Sierra

de Anafe, Leén 2855 (N), 8808 (HS), 8811 (HS); Roig & Leén 4708

(HV); Wilson & Leén 115384 (N, Y).—Habana: Delessert (Gen).

Isle of Pines, Britton, Britton & Wilson 15476 (F, Y). Loma Pere-

grina, Leén 18348 (HS).

Recent material sent by Brother Leén permits description of

the flower, the species having originally been described from a

specimen in fruit only. The species is evidently related to P.

serratifolia; in addition to having a much smaller flower with a

different coronal structure, it differs in many vegetative details.

Series 7. Setaceae

226. Passiflora setacea DC. Prodr. 3: 329. 1828. *

Passiflora Sururuca Vell. Fl. Flumin. 9: pl. 88. 1827, without

description. .

Cieca Sururuca M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 141. 1846.

Stem terete, softly brownish-tomentose; stipules setaceous, about

5 mm. long, soon deciduous; petioles up to 3 cm. long, bearing

near base a pair of saucer-shaped, sessile glands about 1 mm. wide;

leaves 5 to 8 em. long, 6 to 10 em. wide, 3-lobed to slightly below

middle (lobes oblong or lance-oblong, 1.5 to 3.5 cm. wide, acute,

aristulate, serrulate or subentire), cordulate at base, 3-nerved,

membranous or subcoriaceous, glabrous, often pilosulous on usually

impressed nerves, and sublustrous above, densely and softly brown-

tomentose beneath; peduncles up to 9 em. long, stout, articulate

and often curved near apex, tomentose; bracts verticillate, borne

about 1 cm. below flower, oblong-lanceolate, 1.5 to 2 cm. long,

5 to 8 mm. wide, acuminate, narrowed at base, serrulate or laciniate-

serrulate above middle; flowers up to 10 cm. wide; calyx tube

cylindric-campanulate, about 1.5 cm. long, conspicuously purple-

lined without; sepals oblong, 3.5 to 4 em. long, 5 to 7 mm. wide,

382 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

obtuse, green, magenta-lined without, white within, carinate (keel

terminating in a setaceous awn 1 to 1.5 em. long), bearing on outside

numerous curved, sessile glands; petals linear-oblong, 2 to 2.5 cm.

long, 5 to 6 mm. wide, white, magenta-lined; corona filaments in

a single series, about 1 cm. long, subulate, fleshy, white, transversely

banded with blue(?); operculum membranous, tubular, erect,

fimbriate in upper third; limen cupuliform, loosely surrounding base

of gynophore; ovary ellipsoidal, glabrous; fruit ovoid, about 4 cm.

long, 3 cm. in diameter, the pericarp coriaceous; seeds obovate,

about 5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, finely reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Vell. Fl. Flumin. 9: pl. 88; Mart. Fl. Bras. 18,

pt. 1: pl. 124.

DISTRIBUTION: State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

BRAZIL: Bowie & Cunningham 12 (BM, type); Sello (B); Curran

& Miller 152 (G); Pohl (V).—Rio de Janeiro: Regnell 77 (S). Rio de

Janeiro, Riedel & Luschnath 715 (Brux, N); Miers 3463 (BM, K);

Gaudichaud 1034 (B, Gen, P); Glaziow 1538 (Brux, Cop, P); St.

Hilaire 403 (P); Weddell 583 (Gen, P); Warming 1179 (Cop), 1183

(Cop); Ackerman (Brux). Organ Mountains, Gardner 47 (BM, Gen,

K, P, V, Y). Serra da Bica, Ule 4458 (B). Corcovado, Mosén 2505

(S); Dusén 5062 (G, 8S). Aqueduct, Mikan (V).

Harms placed this species in a monotypic subsection (No. 1)

of Granadilla. The presence of glands on the sepals suggests P.

Ernesti, but the coronal structure is dissimilar.

LOCAL NAME: “Sururuca.”’

Series 8. Pedatae

227. Passiflora pedata L. Sp. Pl. 960. 1753.

(?)Passiflora helleborifolia Wallis ex Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 13,

pt. 1: 622. 1872.

Plant finely and densely pilosulous throughout; stem subangular,

striate; stipules linear-subulate, 5 to 10 mm. long, subfalcate; petioles

1.5 to 4 em. long, biglandular at or below middle, the glands stipitate;

leaves pedately 3-parted, the middle leaflet oblong, up to 10 cm. long

and 4 cm. wide, unlobed, tapering to a petiolule 5 to 10 mm. long,

the lateral leaflets 3-parted to base, the segments oblong, slightly

smaller than the middle leaflet, the common petiolule up to 5 mm.

long, the leaflets and segments acuminate, denticulate; peduncles up

to 5 em. long, stout; bracts oblong or ovate, up to 5 cm. long and

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 383

3.5 em. wide, laciniate-fimbriate; flowers up to 8 cm. wide; calyx

tube campanulate; sepals oblong-lanceolate, 3 to 3.5 cm. long, 1 to

1.5 cm. wide, cucullate, long-awned dorsally just below apex, green

without, light blue or violet within; petals linear-lanceolate, as long

as the sepals, obtuse, light blue or violet; corona filaments purple,

with paler bands, in several series, the outermost narrowly ligulate,

1 to 2 cm. long, about 1 mm. wide, transversely banded with purple

and white, those of the second series slightly longer, dilated to 2 mm.

wide below middle, crispate at apex, those of the succeeding series

capillary, 1 to 1.5 mm. long; operculum membranous, incurved, the

margin erect, densely fimbriate; limen cupuliform, about 4 mm.

long, denticulate; ovary ovoid, tomentellous; fruit globose, about 4

cm. in diameter, yellow; seeds obovoid, about 4 mm. long, 3 mm.

wide, and 2 mm. thick, coarsely reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: “Dominica” (near Miragoan, Haiti; type col-

lected by Plumier).

ILLUSTRATIONS: Amoen. Acad. 1: pl. 10, f. 22; Plum. Pl. Amer.

pl. 81; Descourtilz, Fl. Pitt. Méd. Antill. 5: pl. 351.

DISTRIBUTION: Cuba, Hispaniola, Trinidad, Surinam, British

Guiana, and northernmost Brazil.

CuBA: De la Sagra 8 (P), 74 (P), 314 (Gen), 566 (Gen); Read (B);

Wright 2600 (B, Bo, G, HA, S, Y). Santa Elena, Poeppig tn 1823

(V).—Habana: Jacquin (Ma).—Pinar del Rio: Puerto Aldente, De

la Sagra in 1836 (N, P). Pinar del Rio, Baker & Abarca 3700 (B,

HV). Los Palacios, Shafer 11682 (Y).—Santa Clara: La Sierra,

Jack 7729 (N, Y).

HAITI: Massif de la Hotte, Ekman H9033 (N); Eyerdam 355

(NY);

TRINIDAD: Thompson (Gen). Tetrons Bay, Trinidad Herb. 11901

(hore ys

SURINAM: Hostmann(?) 633 (Ut).

BRITISH GUIANA: Schomburgk 339 (B, Bo), 633 (Brux, Gen, K, N,

Ut, V). Rupununi River, Jenman 5538 (K).

(?)COLOMBIA: Mutis 2808 (Ma, N). The specimens in the Mutis

Herbarium were largely collected in Colombia, but a few have been

found that are obviously of West Indian or Ecuadorean origin.

BRAZIL: Amazonas: Rio Branco, Kuhlmann 3416 (N, S, Ut); Ule

7637 (B, Go, K).

384 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

In the form of its leaves P. pedata is unlike any other Passiflora

except P. cirrhiflora, a species of a totally different relationship.

LOCAL NAME: “Giiirito de pasién’”’ (Cuba).

227a. Passiflora pedata var. stipularis Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad.

Sci. 14: 114. 1924, as subspecies.

Stipules spatulate, 8 to 12 mm. long, 5 to 7 mm. wide, fimbriate-

laciniate nearly to base. Otherwise as in the typical form.

TYPE LOCALITY: Mene Grande, Zulia, Venezuela.

DISTRIBUTION: Cuba and Venezuela.

CuBA: Pinar del Rio: Sierra Mendoza, Shafer 11132 (B, Y).

Pinar del Rio, Roig 3849 (Y).

VENEZUELA: Zulia: Mene Grande, Pittver 10609 (G, N, type, Y).

Series 9. Incarnatae

228. Passiflora cincinnata Mast. Gard. Chron. 1868: 966. 1868.

Passiflora corumbaensis Barb. Rodr. Pl. Mattogross. 27. pl. 10.

1898.

Passiflora cincinnata var. imbricata Chod. & Hassl. Bull. Herb.

Boiss. II. 4: 62. 1908.

(?)Passiflora cincinnata var. minor Hoehne, Comm. Linh. Tel.

Estrat. Mattogross. Annex. 5, Bot. 1: 70. 1910.

_ Passiflora perlobata Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 12: 331. 1922.

Plant usually essentially glabrous throughout, rarely softly pilosu-

lous; stem terete or subangular; stipules linear-subulate, 6 to 10 mm.

long, 1 mm. wide, entire, or finely serrulate toward apex; petioles

1.5 to 4 em. long, biglandular about 1 cm. from base, the glands

about 2 mm. in diameter, sessile; leaves palmately 3—5-lobed, or

3-5-parted to base (if 3-lobed or 3-parted the lateral segments

usually more or less deeply bilobed), the lobes (or leaflets) oblong

or ovate-oblong, 3 to 8 cm. long, 2 to 5 em. wide, rounded or acute

at apex, often mucronulate, finely serrulate, crenate-serrulate, or

subentire, dark green above, paler beneath, the terminal segment

rounded at base, petiolulate (petiolule sometimes winged), the lateral

segments (or lobes) oblique at base, sessile; peduncles 2 to 6 cm. long,

stout, terete; bracts ovate, 2 to 3.5 em. long, 1.5 to 2.5 cm. wide,

obtuse, glandular at base, concave, minutely tomentulose; flowers

7 to 12 em. wide; sepals oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, 3 to 5 cm. long,

1 to 2 em. wide, subcoriaceous, green without, pinkish blue or violet

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 385

within, keeled on outer surface, the keel terminating in an awn 2.5

mm. long; petals linear-lanceolate or spatulate, 2.5 to 3 cm. long,

0.8 to 1 cm. wide, obtuse, membranous, pinkish blue or violet;

corona filaments in several series, the outer filiform or narrowly

ligulate, long-tapering, 2 to 4 em. long, deep purple in lower half,

faintly banded with pinkish blue, pale blue at center, blue in upper

half, those of the next series linear, 3 mm. long, white in lower

half, those of the succeeding 3 or 4 series capillary, 1.5 to 2 mm. long,

pale blue and white; operculum membranous at base, filamentose

above, the filaments very numerous, 8 to 9 mm. long, spatulate,

white below, blue at apex; nectar ring annular, 1.5 mm. from base

of gynophore; limen cupuliform, closely surrounding gynophore

base, about 7 mm. high; ovary globose, glabrous; fruit ovoid, 5 cm.

long, 3 cm. wide; seeds ovate, 5 to 6 mm. long, 4 mm. wide, coarsely

reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Crato, State of Alagéas, Brazil.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Gard. Chron. 1868: 966; Bot. Mag. 94: pl. 5737;

Trans. Linn. Soc. 27: pl. 65, f. 4, 5; Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam.

ed. 2, 21: 495, f. 229, B, C; Barb. Rodr. Pl. Mattogross. pl. 10;

Contr. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 1: pl. 1.

DISTRIBUTION: Pernambuco, eastern Brazil, south to Paraguay

and Argentina, west to eastern Bolivia; at low elevations. — Also

in Venezuela and Colombia, where perhaps introduced, but well

established.

VENEZUELA: Karsten (V). San Antonio, San Cristébal, Vivas 6

(N, type of P. perlobata)—Lara: Barquisimeto, Pittier 11183

(GN, es

COLOMBIA: Norte de Santander: Between Chindcota and La

Esmeralda, 1,200 meters, Killip & Smith 20879 (A, G, N, Y).

BoLivia: Bridges (BM). Parapiti, Herzog 1199 (B, S).—Santa

Cruz: Herzog 636 (B). Cordillera de Santa Cruz, Werdermann 2700

(S).—Tarija: Chiquiaca, Fiebrig 2701 (B, Gen).

BRAZIL: Claussen 147 (Bo); Tamberlik (V).—Para: Ilha Mexiana,

Japtia, Guedes 2483 (Go).—Piauhy: Serra Branca, Ule 7165 (B).—

Ceara: Serra Araripe, Léfgren 583 (S). Fortaleza, Drouet 2518 (N).

Serra da Ibiapaba, Dahlgren 950 (F). Crato, Swallen 4325 (N).—

Pernambuco: Victoria, Pickel 4228 (N). Tapera, Pickel 2358 (N),

2516 (N), 2548 (N).—Alagéas: Crato, Gardner 1025 (BM), 1315(BM),

1630 (BM, K, type, V, Y).—Matto Grosso: Campo Grande, Chase

10860 (N). Corumba, Chase 11111 (N); Malme 3041 (N, S); Robert 780

386 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

(BM). Cuyaba, Lindman A3483 (S); Malme 1220B (S); Pilger 184

(B), 218 (B); Moore 917 (B, BM), 961 (B, BM, Y).—Minas Geraes:

Claussen 382 (BM, Gen, P, S).—Rio de Janeiro: Carandahy, Glaziou

12740 (B, Cop, Gen, P).—S&o Paulo: St. Hilaire 753 (P).—Santa

Catharina: Ule 1669 (P).

PARAGUAY: Itagua, Hassler 1332 (Bo, P, Y). Rio Apa, Hassler

8130 (A, B, BM, Bo, type of P. cincinnata var. imbricata, Gen,

P, V); Fiebrig 4804 (B, BM, Gen, K). Cordillera de Altos, Hassler

3339 (B, Bo, Gen, P, V). Bahia, Anzsits 2271 (S). Asuncion,

cultivated, Lindman A1755 (S). La Trinidad, Balansa 2204, in

part (Bo).

ARGENTINA: Salta: Tartagal, Venturi 7629 (N).—Formosa:

Jorgensen 2617 (G, Mo, N); Meyer 945 (N).

These specimens show much variation in the shape of the leaves,

and it now seems impossible to maintain as a separate species the

Venezuelan plant described as P. perlobata. This handsome vine

we found well established along the trail between Chindcota and

La Esmeralda, in eastern Colombia.

LOCAL NAMES: ‘‘Pachis’ (Bolivia); ‘“‘maracuja,” “tubarao’’

(Brazil).

229. Passiflora filamentosa Cav. Diss. 10: 461. pl. 294. 1790.

(?) Passiflora cuneifolia Cav. Diss. 10: 460. pl. 292. 1790.

Plant glabrous or minutely villosulous; stem terete; stipules

dolabriform, 3 to 4 mm. long, 1 to 1.5 mm. wide, aristate, serrulate

on one side, very soon deciduous; petioles up to 4 em. long, biglandu-

lar above middle, the glands sessile or subsessile; leaves 4 to 8 em.

long, 6 to 12 cm. wide at greatest width, normally palmately 5-lobed

about four-fifths their length (occasionally one or both of the lowest

lobes merged into the adjacent lobe so that the leaf is 4~-3-lobed,

the lobes oblong-lanceolate, 1 to 3 cm. wide, acuminate, serrulate,

usually minutely glandular in the sinuses), cordulate at base, mem-

branous, sublustrous above, glabrous or minutely villosulous; pedun-

cles up to 5 em. long; bracts ovate or ovate-spatulate, 1 to 2 cm.

long, 8 to 12 mm. wide, rounded or acutish at apex, narrowed at

base, serrulate except often in lower half; flowers up to 8 em. wide;

calyx tube campanulate; sepals narrowly oblong, 8 to 10 mm. wide,

obtuse, white, green-keeled without, the keel terminating in a subu-

late awn about 3 mm. long; petals subequal to or slightly longer than

the sepals, white; corona filaments filiform, in several series, those

of the 2 outer series radiate, longer than to half as long as the sepals,

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 387

banded with blue and white, the filaments of the inner series densely

massed, erect, 2 to 5 mm. long, blue; operculum membranous in

lower half, filamentose in upper half; nectar ring annular; limen

cupuliform; ovary ovoid, tomentulous; fruit globose, about 4 cm.

in diameter, very acid, the pericarp brittle; seeds obcordate, about

10 mm. long, 7 mm. wide, strongly flattened, broadly wing-margined,

punctate at center.

TYPE LOCALITY: “America,” the type seen at Madrid.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Cav. Diss. 10: pl. 294; Bot. reas 46: pl. 2023;

Bot. Reg. 7: pl. 584.

DISTRIBUTION: Probably central Brazil.

BRAZIL: Minas Geraes: Serra da Gramma, 1,000 meters, Chase

9548 (N).

The taxonomic position of this species is doubtful. The broadly

winged seeds at once suggest a close relationship with P. quadran-

gularis, but in no other detail are the two species alike. The shape

and serrulation of the leaves are strongly suggestive of P. serrato-

digitata, but the bracts, more like those of P. edulis, and the coronal

arrangement are quite different. Masters placed the species near

P. violacea and P. amethystina, in the group with large, foliaceous,

subreniform, persistent stipules, but the stipules are very small and

early deciduous. In the present treatment P. filamentosa is flaced

near P. cincinnata, though it differs in several important details.

Perhaps it is a hybrid between P. caerulea and P. serrato-digitata.

Passiflora filamentosa has been frequently cultivated in Europe,

but, as Masters observed, specimens of positively native origin are

very rarely found in herbaria.

The type, in the Cavanilles Herbarium, is in a fine state of

preservation, agreeing perfectly with Mrs. Chase’s specimen from

Minas Geraes, which was collected in a very dense jungle, with every

indication that the plant was native. Regarding the origin of the

type specimen Cavanilles says, “In America. Colui in horto Issy.

Exe. Ducis ab Infantado.”

Passiflora cuneifolia, considered by Masters as possibly identical

with P. edulis, I take to be a form of P. filamentosa with 3-lobed

leaves, though perhaps it is a hybrid between P. filamentosa and

P. caerulea.

230. Passiflora recurva Mast. in Mart. FI. Bras. 13, pt. 1: 608. 1872.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem subangular; stipules linear-

subulate, about 3 mm. long, soon deciduous; petioles 1 to 2.5 em.

388 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

long, biglandular near base, the glands orbicular, sessile; leaves

3-lobed two-thirds to three-quarters their length (lobes oblong, 3

to 6 em. long, 1 to 3 cm. wide, rounded, almost truncate at apex,

glandular in sinuses between lobes, the middle lobe slightly longer

than the ascending lateral lobes), subcordate at base, entire at

margin, subcoriaceous, the nerves and veins impressed above;

peduncles up to 4 ecm. long, recurved; bracts oblong-lanceolate,

about 1 cm. long and 5 mm. wide, acute, narrowed at base, 1-nerved,

borne about 1 cm. below base of flower; calyx tube campanulate;

sepals oblong, about 1.5 em. long and 5 mm. wide, obtuse, concave,

carinate, the keel winged, terminating in a horn 4 to 5 mm. long;

petals linear-oblong, slightly shorter than sepals; corona filaments

in several series, the outermost about 1 cm. long, slender, radiate,

the inner erect, very short; operculum membranous, filamentose

above; ovary ovoid, glabrous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Rio Preto, State of Pernambuco, Brazil.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality in eastern

Brazil.

BRAZIL: Pernambuco: Rio Preto, Gardner 2877 (K, type).

This species is intermediate between the series Laurifoliae and

Lobatae, having the narrow stipules of the former and leaves shaped

like those of many species of the latter.

231. Passifiora prolata Mast. Bot. Jahrb. 8: 219. 1887.

Stem obtusely angular, glabrous or puberulent; stipules linear-

setaceous, 4 to 15 mm. long, deciduous; petioles 1 to 2 cm. long,

2-4-glandular near middle, the glands subsessile; leaves 3-lobed to

middle, 5.5 to 12 cm. along midnerve, 5 to 9 cm. along lateral nerves,

6 to 18 cm. wide (lobes lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, caudate-

acuminate), rounded or cordulate, serrulate, membranous or sub-

coriaceous, glabrous, or finely puberulent beneath; peduncles 3 to 4

cm. long; bracts free to base, ovate-lanceolate, 4.5 to 5 cm. long,

1.5 to 2 em. wide, entire, membranous, green, glabrous or puberulent;

flowers 5 to 7 cm. wide; calyx tube campanulate; sepals oblong,

2 to 2.5 cm. long, 8 to 10 mm. wide, dorsally long-aristate just

below apex, white within; petals oblong-spatulate, slightly shorter

than the sepals, obtuse, white; corona filaments filiform, purple,

in several series, those of the 2 outer series about 2 cm. long, the

innermost half as long, the intermediate ones very short; operculum

membranous, arising at base of tube, cleft into numerous linear-

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 389

oblong divisions; limen cup-shaped, closely surrounding base of

gynophore, lobulate; ovary ellipsoidal, glabrous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Guatemala.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from Guatemala.

GUATEMALA: Petén: Between Los Arroyos and Yal’och, Barétlett

12840 (Mich).—Solola: Sultan, 2,000 meters, Lehmann 1630 (B,

fragment, Bo, type).

This rare species has long been known only from the single

specimen in the Boissier Herbarium and the fragment at Berlin.

I am referring the Bartlett collection to P. prolata with some hesita-

tion, as the stem and under surface of the leaves are puberulent

and the petiolar glands are not quite as in the type. It comes,

moreover, from the lowlands.

The large bracts are suggestive of those of P. Nelson and P.

platyloba, but they are free to the base and readily become detached

from the peduncle.

232. Passiflora incarnata L. Sp. Pl. 959. 1753.

Granadilla incarnata Medic. Malvenfam. 96. 1787.

Passiflora Kerti Spreng. Syst. Veg. 3: 39. 1826.

Passiflora incarnata var. integriloba DC. Prodr. 3: 329% 1828.

Passiflora edulis var. Kerit Mast. Trans. Linn. Soc. 27: 687. 1871;

in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 610. 1872.

Plant glabrous or usually finely pilosulous; stem terete, the

younger portions angular; stipules setaceous, 2 to 8 mm. long, very

early deciduous; petioles up to 8 cm. long, biglandular at apex,

the glands suborbicular, sessile; leaves 6 to 15 em. along midnerve,

5 to 12 em. along lateral nerves, 7 to 15 cm. between apices of

lateral lobes, 3-lobed from three-quarters to four-fifths their length

(lobes ovate-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 2 to 5 em. wide, acute

or acuminate, the middle lobe narrowed at base, rarely the lateral

lobes bilobate), cordulate, finely serrate, 3-nerved, membranous,

dark green above, glaucescent beneath; peduncles up to 10 cm. long,

stout; bracts spatulate or oblong, 4 to 7 mm. long, 2.5 to 4 mm. wide,

obtuse or acute, minutely glandular-serrulate toward apex, con-

spicuously biglandular at base, borne about 5 mm. below flower;

flowers up to 7 cm. wide; calyx tube short-campanulate; sepals

lanceolate-oblong, 2 to 3 em. long, 0.8 to 1 em. wide, white, or pale

lavender, obtuse, cucullate at apex, slightly carinate, the keel

terminating in an awn 2 to 3 mm. long; petals subequal to sepals,

390 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

obtuse, white or pale lavender; corona filaments in several series,

purple or pink, rarely pure white, those of the outer 2 series filiform,

1.5 to 2 cm. long, crispate at apex, slightly enlarged at base, radiate,

those of the succeeding 3 series capillary, about 2 mm. long, radiate

or suberect, the innermost series membranous at base, filamentose,

the filaments about 4 mm. long, capitellate; operculum membranous,

about 2 mm. long, incurved, fimbrillate; nectar ring a low ridge

halfway between operculum and gynophore; limen cupuliform,

closely surrounding base of gynophore, crenulate; ovary ovoid,

densely brownish or whitish velutinous-tomentose; fruit ovoid or

subglobose, up to 5 em. long; seeds obovate or nearly obcordate,

4 to 5 mm. long, 3 to 4 mm. wide, truncate at apex, reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Virginia; type seen in the Linnean Herbarium.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Cav. Diss. 10: pl. 293; Bot. Reg. 41: pl. 332;

Trans. Hort. Soc. London 3: pl. 3; Bot. Mag. 65: pl. 3697; Britt. &

Brown, Illustr. Fl. 2: 457; ed. 2, 2: 565; Bailey, Cycl. Amer.

Hort. 1220. f. 1650; Stand. Cycl. Hort. 2480. f. 2768; Britt. Fl.

Bermuda 252.

DISTRIBUTION: Virginia to Missouri, south to Florida and Texas;

also in Bermuda. Introduced farther north in the United States.

The following list of specimens is only a partial one, these being

selected with a view to showing the distribution of the species by

states.

PENNSYLVANIA: Westmoreland County, Pierron (Cop, N).

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA: Leonard 471 (N, Roch). Cultivated,

Rose in 1892 (N); Vasey in 1875 (N).

VIRGINIA: Clayton (Gronovius Herbarium, BM). Northwest,

Kearney 1535 (N). Dismal Swamp, Hotchkiss 1389 (N). Belfield,

Heller 1006 (N).

NORTH CAROLINA: Wilmington, Coville 128 (N). Church’s

Island, McAtee 1216 (N). Waynesville, Standley 5707 (N). Bilt-

more, Biltmore Herbarium 1326 (N), 1826b (N). Fayettesville,

Biltmore Herbarium 1326c (N). Neuse River, McCarthy in 1884 (N).

SOUTH CAROLINA: Porcher’s Bluff, Mearns 1 (N). Anderson,

Davis 7833 (N). Batesburg, McGregor 45 (N).

GEORGIA: Thompson’s Mills, Allard 175 (N). Clarke County,

Harper 92 (N).

FLORIDA: Fort Pickens, Tracy 8726 (N, Penn). Eustis, Nash 414

(N). Tavarex, Nash 2010 (N). Jacksonville, Curtiss 971 (N),

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 391

4831 (N), 4834 (N). Dade County, Small, Mosier & Carter 6769

(N,S). Clarcona, Pieters 93 (N). Lakeland, Polk County, McFarlin

5823 (N). Merritt Island, Swallen 198 (N).

ILLINOIS: “Southern IIlinois,’’ Guba in 1922 (Penn).

KENTUCKY: Singer 369 (N); King 306 (N).

TENNESSEE: Wolf Creek Station, Kearney 728 (N). Knoxville,

Ruth 408 (N). Reelfoot Lake, Swallen 2138 (N). j

ALABAMA: Marshall County, Milligan in 1872 (N).

MISSISSIPPI: Oktibbeha County, Pollard 1271 (N).

ARKANSAS: Prescott, Hollister 41 (N), 45 (N). Hot Springs,

Runyon 1502 (N).

LOUISIANA: Hammond, Gallup 21 (N). Alexandria, Ball 421 (N).

Missouri: Springfield, Standley 8500 (N). Eagle Rock, Barry

County, E. J. Palmer 6321 (N).

OKLAHOMA: Blackstone, G. W. Stevens 2601 (N). Durant,

Blain (N).

TEXAS: Palestine, Tharp 836 (N). Houston, E. Hall 228 (N).

BERMUDA: Paynter’s Vale, Brown & Britton 406 (Y).

LOCAL NAME: ‘‘Maypops.”’ Fruit edible.

This, the only native species of the subgenus Granadilla in the

United States, ranges from Virginia to Missouri, south to Florida

and Texas. The large number of specimens examined show little

variation in leaf shape or in the relative lengths of the corona fila-

ments. The peduncles are usually longer and stouter than in its

close ally P. edulis, though sometimes they are as short as those

prevailing in P. edulis. The sepals and petals are white or pale

lavender; the corona filaments are normally pink or purple, though

in the case of a few specimens (McFarlin 5823) the collectors have

noted that all the flower parts are pure white.

Nomenclature has become much involved due to the confusing of

the two closely related species P. incarnata and P. edulis, and it

seems advisable to consider the matter in some detail (see Sabine:

“Some account of the purple-fruited passion flower,’’ Trans. Hort.

Soe. Lond. 3: pl. 3. 1820).

Linnaeus included in his treatment of P. incarnata in the Species

Plantarum (1753) the plant later described as P. edulis, giving as the

distribution ‘‘Virginia, Brasilia, Peru.’”’ His first reference is to the

392 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

treatment in the Amoenitates, which cites a large number of “pre-

Linnaean”’ references, some of which, including the figure (pl. 10,

f. 19), certainly apply to P. edulis. The only specimen in the

Linnean Herbarium which is labeled P. incarnata and was in Lin-

naeus’ possession in 1753 is true P. incarnata, and there can be no

doubt that this name should be applied to the plant native in the

United States. ;

Plate 152 of the Botanical Register is headed Passifiora in-

carnata 6. After citing several references—which are applicable

to both P. incarnata and P. edulis—Ker distinguishes between the

two “varieties” thus:

(a) foliis vage et ad nervos subvillosis;germine villoso; bacca

viridi-lutea.

(8) folis nudiusculis; germine glabro; bacco livido-purpurascente.

Regarding the distribution of the plant there figured Ker says,

“A native of Carolina and Virginia, most probably also of some

parts of South America.” In a note at the end of the volume Ker

states that he later learned that the plant came from Brazil. There

can be no doubt that this illustration of P. incarnata 6 represents

the plant later described as P. edulis. Plate 332 of the Botanical

it to be a representation of his variety a mentioned under Plate 152,

the North American plant. The picture is a fairly accurate illus-

tration of P. incarnata except for the fact that the margin of the

leaves is shown as entire. I consider this an error on the part of the

artist, for Ker surely would have noted such an important point

had the leaves really been entire. This inaccurate drawing led to

the proposal of Passzflora Keri Spreng. and Passiflora incarnata

var. Kerii DC. (Passiflora edulis var. Kerit Mast.).

I am following Britton in the selection of P. incarnata as the type

species of Passiflora, and I believe the choice of P. rubra (Int. Bot.

Congr. 1930, p. 186) an unfortunate one. The latter was chosen

because it is “‘a well-known and widely distributed species, belonging

to the largest section, Decaloba.’’ Should Passiflora be divided into

smaller genera, it is highly desirable that the historic name be

retained for the showy flowered granadillas, among which are the

familiar cultivated species P. caerulea, P. edulis, P. quadrangularis,

P. laurifolia, and P. maliformis. The number of species in Decaloba

(in the sense of Plectostemma of the present treatment) is 115, only

slightly greater than in Granadilla (96). Moreover, P. rubra belongs

to a very small group ( Xerogona) within Plectostemma, which might,

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 393

conceivably, be treated as a genus. In Roemer’s monograph,

which would be the basis of any separation of Passiflora into small

_ genera, the granadillas are treated as true Passiflora, and the smaller-

flowered plants, including P. rubra, are transferred to Decaloba, as

a genus. Passiflora incarnata was certainly as well known to

Linnaeus, the plant being in cultivation at Upsala.

233. Passiflora edulis Sims, Bot. Mag. 45: pl. 1989. 1818.

(?) Passiflora gratissima St. Hil. Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 5: 350.

pl. 25, f. 23-26. 1819.

Passiflora pallidiflora Bert. Syll. Pl. Hort. Bonon. 6. 1827.

(?)Passtflora diaden Vell. Fl. Flumin. 9: pl. 90. 1827.

Passiflora verrucifera Lindl. Bot. Reg. 26: pl. 52. 1840.

Passiflora Middletoniana Paxton, Mag. 9: pl. 51. 1842.

Passiflora rigidula Jacq. Eclog. Pl. 2: pl. 124. 1844, as to plate.

Passiflora rubricaulis Jacq. Eclog. Pl. 2: pl. 169. 1844.

Passiflora pomifera M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 179. 1846.

Passiflora edulis var. verrucifera Mast. Trans. Linn. Soc. 27:

637. 1871; in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 610. 1872.

Passiflora edulis var. pomifera Mast. Trans. Linn. Soc. 27:

637. 1871; in Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt. 1: 610. 1872.

Passiflora edulis var. rubricaulis Mast. Trans. Linn. Soc. 27: 637.

1871; in Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt. 1: 610. 1872.

(?) Passiflora picroderma Barb. Rodr. Pl. Nov. Jard. Bot. Rio de

Janeiro 1: 1. pl. 1. 1891.

(?)Passiflora iodocarpa Barb. Rodr. Pl. Nov. Jard. Bot. Rio de

Janeiro 1: 3. pl. 2. 1891.

Passiflora vernicosa Barb. Rodr. Contr. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro

3: 62. pl. 9A. 1902.

Plant essentially glabrous throughout (except ovary), rarely

pilosulous throughout; stipules linear-subulate, about 1 cm. long,

1 mm. wide, entire or minutely glandular-serrulate; petioles up to

4 em. long, biglandular at apex, the glands sessile or short-stipitate;

leaves 5 to 11 cm. along midnerve, 4 to 10 cm. along lateral nerves,

7 to 12 cm. between apices of lateral lobes, 3-lobed to below middle

(lobes 2 to 4 em. wide, acute or acuminate, rarely subobtuse, the

young leaves occasionally unlobed, ovate), rounded or shallowly -

cordate at base, serrate, subcoriaceous, lustrous above; peduncles

up to 6 cm. long, stout; bracts ovate, 2 to 2.5 em. long, 1 to 1.5 em.

394 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

wide, obtuse or acute at apex, sharply serrate, pectinate, or almost

lacerate, often marginally glandular; flowers up to 7 cm. wide;

sepals oblong, 3 to 3.5 cm. long, about 1 cm. wide, corniculate,

green without, white within; petals oblong, 2.5 to 3 cm. long,

5 to 7 mm. wide, obtuse, white; corona filaments in 4 or 5 series,

those of the 2 outer series filiform or narrowly liguliform, 1.5 to 2.5

em. long (or as short as 0.5 mm.), crispate toward apex, white,

purple at base, those of the succeeding series 2 to 2.5 mm. long,

linear-falecate, or reduced to minute dentiform processes; interior of

tube between corona and operculum smooth or minutely tubercu-

late; operculum membranous, incurved, entire, or short-fimbrillate;

limen cupuliform, entire or crenulate; ovary ovoid or globose,

sericeo-tomentose or glabrous; fruit ovoid or globose, 4 to 5 cm.

in diameter, yellow, greenish yellow, or purplish; seeds oval, 5 to 6

mm. long, 3 to 4 mm. wide, reticulate, the reticulations minute.

TYPE LOCALITY: Type from a plant cultivated in Europe, probably

originally from Brazil.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Amoen. Acad. 1: pl. 10, f. 19; Bot. Mag. 45:

pl. 1989; Bot. Reg. 2: pl. 152; Vell. Fl. Flumin. 9: pl. 89, pl. 90?;

Rev. Hort. IV. 6: pl. 224; 1867: 390; 1883: 489; Mart. Fl. Bras.

18, pt. 1: pl. 122; Nicholson, Illustr. Dict. Gard. 3: pl. 30; Gard.

Chron. III. 23: 101; 36: 202; Bailey, Cycl. Amer. Hort. 1222, f. 1652;

Stand. Cycl. Hort. 2488, f. 2771; Contr. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro

3: pl. 9A; Popenoe, Man. Trop. Fr. pl. 10; Fawe. & Rendle, FI.

Jamaica 5, pt. 3: 234, f. 93; Garden 66: 427; Paxton, Mag. 9: pl. 51;

Ochse, Fruit & Fruitcult. in Dutch E. Ind. pl. 39. 1931.

DISTRIBUTION: Throughout Brazil, where apparently native,

entering Paraguay and northern Argentina. Common as an escape

in Jamaica and known from a few other islands of the West Indies

and from Central America, northern Venezuela, and Ecuador.

Extensively cultivated in Australia and Hawaii.

GUATEMALA: Guatemala City, cultivated, Ruano 1278 (N).

Costa Rica: Jardin del Museo, San José, Tonduz 17459 (G).

BERMUDA: Brown, Britton & Worthley 1774 (Y); Brown, Britton

& Bisset 2065 (Y).

CuBA: Habana: Santiago de Las Vegas, cultivated, Baker 93

. (Cop; GN; ¥).

JAMAICA: Hansen in 1897 (Cop); Hart 595 (N).—Blue Mountains,

1,500 to 1,750 meters, Rothrock 52 (F); Maxon 10244 (N, Y); Maxon

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 395

& Killip 1089 (F, G, N, Y); Nichols 16 (F, G, N); G. N. Collins 82

(N); Harris 11953 (F, G, J, N, S, Y); J. A. Harris C15534 (Minn);

Britton 119 (Y); Fawcett (J).

PuERTO Rico: Rio Piedras, Stevenson 6420 (N).

MARTINIQUE: Duss 875 (Y).

TRINIDAD: Introduced from Brazil, Trinidad Herb. 6067 (B, N, T),

8398 (T).

VENEZUELA: Federal District: Between La Guaira and Caracas,

Bailey & Bailey 1165 (N). Caracas, Bailey & Bailey 1069 (N).

Coastal Range, Pittier 8138 (N); Delgado 21 (N).—Aragua: Colonia

Tovar, Allart 340 (Gen, N, Y). Maracay, Pittier 13922 (N).

Ecuapbor: Imbabura: Ibarra, cultivated, Mexia 7359 (N).—

Tungurahua: Bafios, cultivated, Mexia 6976 (N).

BRAZIL: Weddell 808 (P); Widgren 922 (S). Villarina, Pohl 3471

(V). Congonhas, Stephen in 1843 (Herb. Martius, Brux).—Ama-

zonas: Manaos, Killip & Smith 30205 (N, Y); Labroy in 1906 (P).—

Para: Ilha do Mosqueiro, Killip & Smith 30506 (N, Y). Parada,

cultivated, Ducke 21313 (N).—Alagéas: Gardner 1111 (P), 1313

(BM, Bo, Gen, N, V).—Bahia: Blanchet 969 (Gen).—Minas Geraes:

Warming 1113 (Cop); St. Hilaire 680 (P), 976 (P); Ackermann in

1832 (Brux). Caldas, Mosén 340 (S), 1975 (S), 4157 (S); Lindberg

361 (Brux, S); Regnell II.128 (S). Vigosa, Mexia 4173 (Gen, N).—

Rio de Janeiro: Gavea, Glaziow 3019 (Cop). Rio de Janeiro, Gaudi-

chaud 1031 (Gen, P); St. Hilaire 556 (P); Riedel & Luschnath 1197

(N). Nova Friburgo, Glaziow 17013 (Cop, P). Organ Mountains,

Miers 4461 (BM); L. B. Smith 1518 (N). Serra do Itatiaia, Chase

8250 (N); Dusén 2099 (S); Ginzberger 124 (F). Monte do Cochrane,

L. B. Smith 1402 (N). Cantagallo, Peckholt in 1859 (Brux).—

Sao Paulo: Léfgren 1824 (Cop). Apiahy, Puiggari 2951 (P). Sao

Paulo, Burchell 3226 (K). Bataroca, Mosén 2864 (S). Campinas,

Heiner 94 (S); Campo Novaes 842 (N); Santoro 684 (N). Alto da

Serra, Dusén in 1912 (S).—Parana: Jacarahy, Dusén 6638 (BM,

N, S), 6783 (S), 15512 (S). Carvalho, Dusén in 1911 (S). Curityba,

Dusén in 1914 (Ph, S).—Santa Catharina: Gaudichaud 289 (P).—

Rio Grande do Sul: Porto Alegre, Lindman 325 (Gen, N, S); Czermak

640 (Gen).

PARAGUAY: Alto Parana, Fiebrig 5444 (Gen, N, P).

ARGENTINA: Misiones: Puerto Aguirre, Ostén 8258 (S).

Because of variation in shape and coloring of the fruit, in the

length of the corona filaments, and the degree of serration of the

396 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HIsTorRY—BotTany, VoL. XIX

bracts, several species and varieties have been described. Masters

reduced all to four varieties but admitted that they freely intergraded.

Among the specimens cited above two well marked forms may be

observed: in one the filaments of the two outer ranks of the corona

are nearly as long as the sepals, the succeeding filaments being

dentiform in two distinct rows, and the corona entire; in the other

the outer two rows of filaments are less than half as long as the sepals,

the succeeding filaments linear-falcate in three closely approximate

series, the operculum fimbrillate at the margin. The first form is

well represented by Lindman 325, the second by Chase 8250. Differ-

ences in vegetative characters, however, do not appear to be corre-

lated with these differences in coronal structure, either in P. edulis

or in P. caerulea, another commonly cultivated species exhibiting

the same differences in the length of the two outer ranks of the corona.

As many of the herbarium specimens doubtless represent cultivated

plants or escapes, it is possible that one of the forms has resulted

from the introduction of a strain of some other species. For the

present I prefer not to assign formal names to these variants.

Passiflora verrucifera was described as having glands on the sepals

near the margin. Otherwise it appears to differ little from the form of

P. edulis with proportionately longer corona filaments. No specimens

that I have examined have these glands, and it is possible that the

type of P. verrucifera was a hybrid between P. edulis and P. setacea.

Two species described by Barbosa Rodriguez, P. picroderma and

P. iodocarpa, closely resemble P. edulis in vegetative characters.

The coronal structure of neither corresponds exactly to that of the

two forms mentioned above. Possibly the coronal structure of this

species is even more variable than here noted, or perhaps Barbosa’s

plants are actually distinct species. The types of these apparently

are not in existence. Passiflora vernicosa Barb. Rodr. is the form

of P. edulis with proportionately long outer corona filaments.

Passiflora edulis is cultivated in Florida and the West Indies and

in South America from Venezuela to Brazil. In many places it has

escaped and become well established. In Australia it is the most

commonly cultivated species of Passiflora, and its fruit is highly

esteemed.

It is interesting to note that the late Dr. H. K. W. Kumm, who

was engaged in the cultivation of passion-fruit in southern California,

developed a fourth generation plant of P. edulis with four placentae.

LOCAL NAMES: “Parche” (Venezuela); “maracuja,”’ “maracuja-

mirim,” “maracuja de doce,” ‘‘maracuja peroba”’ (Brazil).

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 397

Series 10. Palmatisectae

234. Passiflora palmatisecta Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt. 1:

564. 1872.

Stem subangular, cano-hirsutulous or the older portions glabres-

cent; stipules linear-subulate, 4 to 6 mm. long, deciduous; petioles

up to 2 cm. long, glandless; leaves membranous, hispidulous above,

cano-hirsutulous beneath, polymorphic, the lower subhastately

3-lobed to below middle, the lobes narrowly oblong, entire, dentate,

or often irregularly lobulate, the middle lobe up to 5 em. long, 1 to

2.5 em. wide, the lateral lobes half as long; upper leaves 3-parted

nearly to base, the segments 2—3-lobed nearly to their base, the lobes

linear, less than 5 mm. wide, obtuse, subentire, denticulate, or lobu-

late-dentate; peduncles up to 2 em. long; bracts ovate, 2 to 3 mm.

long, 1 to 1.5 mm. wide, remotely ciliate-denticulate, hispidulous,

verticillate, borne 2 to 5 mm. below base of flower; flowers 3.5 to

4 em. wide; calyx tube campanulate; sepals ovate-lanceolate, about

10 mm. long, 5 mm. wide, obtuse, dorsally carinate (keel terminating

in a short horn), pale green without, white within; petals linear-

oblong, slightly longer than the sepals, about 3 mm. wide, obtuse,

white; corona in 2 ranks, the filaments narrowly liguliform, equaling

the petals, pale green; operculum membranous, about 2 mm. long,

horizontal, white, entire at margin; limen cupuliform, about 5 mm.

high, erect, closely surrounding base of gynophore, the margin

spreading; ovary ovoid, glabrous; fruit ovoid, 2.5 to 3 cm. long, about

1.5 cm. wide, 6-angled, tapering at both ends, stipitate, glabrous;

seeds cuneate-oblong, about 6 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide, subtridentate

at apex, truncate at base, finely reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Rio Saladella de San Jago, Tucuman, Argentina.

DISTRIBUTION: Southern Bolivia and northwestern Argentina,

550 to 700 meters altitude.

BOLIVIA: El Chaco: Rio Pileomayo, Fries 1568 (N, 8S).

ARGENTINA: Salta: Cerro Negro, Venturi 10294 (N).—Cata-

marca: San Miguel, Hieronymus & Lorentz (B).—Tucuman: Bu-

rroyacu, 750 meters, Stuckert 12571 (Gen). Presito, 750 meters,

Venturi 7522 (F, N), 7555 (N), 7694 (BM, G, K, N).—Santiago del

Estero: Cerro del Remate, Venturi 6043 (N).—Cérdoba: Nabor,

Hieronymus & Niederlein 136 (B). La Rioja: Hieronymus & Nieder-

lein 144 (B).

The excellent material obtained by Fries and by Venturi permits

a better conception of this species than heretofore has been possible.

398 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

The position it should occupy within the genus, however, is still —

difficult to determine. The shape of the leaves and particularly the

indument suggest species of Plectostemma section Cieca, but the

operculum is not plicate and the petioles are glandless. The angular,

stipitate fruit suggests P. gracilis, also of Plectostemma, but the

seeds are quite different. Probably Masters’ placing of it in Grana-

dilla is the best disposition possible, though here it clearly represents

a monotypic section. The corona is definitely 2-ranked, and there

is no vestige of a third row of filaments or of tubercles on the smooth

inside of the calyx tube. The operculum is entire at the margin,

without crenations or undulations of any kind.

Series 11. Kermesinae

235. Passiflora kermesina Link & Otto, Verhandl. Ver. Gartenb.

Preuss. 2: 408. pl. 15. 1826.

Passiflora dentata Vell. Fl. Flumin. 9: pl. 94. 1827.

Passiflora Raddiana DC. Prodr. 3: 329. 1828.

Decaloba kermesina M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 156. 1846.

Decaloba dentata M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 156. 1846.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete, slender; stipules sub-

reniform, 1 to 2.5 em. long, 0.5 to 1.2 cm. wide, rounded at both

ends, aristulate at apex, glaucous beneath; petioles up to 4 cm. long,

bearing 2 to 4 scattered, filiform glands 1 to 2 mm. long; leaves 4 to

8 cm. long, 5 to 10 cm. wide, 3-lobed to slightly below middle (lobes

oblong, 1.5 to 3 cm. wide, rounded or acutish, glandular in sinuses),

truneate or cordulate at base, membranous, dark green above,

glaucescent or reddish beneath; peduncles 9 to 15 cm. long, slender;

bracts 3, ovate, 3 to 5 mm. long, 2 to 3 mm. wide, petiolate (petiole

1 to 1.5 mm. long), scattered along upper half of peduncle; flowers 6

to 8 em. wide (expanded); calyx tube short-cylindric-campanulate,

about 1 cm. long, ventricose at base, the sepals and petals at first

radiate, at length reflexed, red or scarlet; sepals linear-oblong, 3.5

to 4 em. long, 0.5 to 0.7 cm. wide, obtuse, ecorniculate; petals

similar to and slightly longer than sepals; corona filaments filiform,

violet-purple, densely massed in 3 or 4 series, the outermost about

5 mm. long, the inner barely 3 mm. long, erect; operculum mem-

branous, about 3 mm. high, plicate, bearing a fringe of filaments

about 2 mm. long on outer surface just below the crenulate margin;

nectar ring annular, fleshy; limen tubular, closely surrounding base

of gynophore; gynophore slender, about 2 mm. long; ovary ovoid,

glaucous.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 399

TYPE LOCALITY: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (type a plant cultivated

at Berlin).

ILLUSTRATIONS: Verhandl. Ver. Gartenb. Preuss. 2: pl. 15; Vell.

Fl. Flumin. 9: pl. 94; Bot. Reg. 19: pl. 1633; Bot. Mag. 68: pl. 3503;

Paxton, Mag.'1: pl. opp. p. 151; Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt. 1: pl. 126;

Nicholson, Illustr. Dict. Gard. 3: 32. f. 37.

DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Brazil, from Bahia to Rio Grande do

Sul; frequently cultivated in Europe.

BRAZIL: Gaudichaud (P); Sello (B); Bowie & Cunningham 82

(BM); Raddi (Gen, type of P. Raddiana); Freyreis (S); Mikan (Brux).

—Pernambuco: Pickel 2202 (B).—Piauhy: Serra da Lagéa, Ule 7465

(B, K).—Bahia: Bahia, Blanchet 1747 (BM, Gen), 3303 (B, BM,

Bo, Gen, Go, K, V, Y); Klotzhky (B).—Minas Geraes: Schott (V) ; Pohl

(V). Vigosa, 700 meters, Mexia 4443a (N).—Rio de Janeiro:

Corcovado, Gardner 48 (BM, K); St. Hilaire 177 (P); Miers 3097

(K); Patschke 191 (B). Andarahy Grande, Glaziow 13912 (B, BM,

Gen, K, N, P). Rio de Janeiro, Widgren 131 (S); Riedel & Luschnath

716 (N).—Rio Grande do Sul: Hamburg-Berg, Lindman A591 (S).

The following specimens appear to represent hybrids between

P. kermesina and P. caerulea:

BRITISH GUIANA: British Guiana Herb. 130 (BG). ‘“

BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: Corcovado, Glaziou 3018 (Brux, Cop,

N, P). Maua, Ule 3796 (B).

This and the following seven species have relatively small, dis-

sitate bracts and a more or less plicate operculum, characters sugges-

tive of the subgenus Plectostemma. The large, showy flowers, the

corona, and the limen indicate a closer relationship with Granadilla.

Possibly these eight species should be placed in a separate subgenus,

but certain considerations make this seem inadvisable: P. Giberti,

which surely is closely related to P. naviculata, has a plicate opercu-

lum, with a fringe of filaments attached on the outside, but the

bracts are verticillate, foliaceous, and borne close to the base of the

flower; in other species of Granadilla the margin of the operculum is

slightly crinkled. .

Passiflora Loudont, a horticultural species, is probably a hybrid

between P. kermesina and P. racemosa.

236. Passiflora Lehmanni Mast. Journ. Bot. Brit. & For. 23:

115. 1885.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete; stipules semi-ovate, 1.5

to 2 cm. long, about 1 cm. wide, aristulate at apex, rounded at base,

400 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

oblique, subcoriaceous; petioles up to 3 cm. long, bearing 2 or 3

subopposite glands 1 to 1.5 mm. long; leaves 3-lobed to within 1 em.

of base (lobes narrowly lanceolate, up to 13 cm. long, 1.5 em. wide;

acuminate), rounded or subcordate at base, entire at margin, sub-

coriaceous; peduncles 12 to 15 em. long; bracts narrowly linear, 3 to

4 mm. long, 1 mm. wide or less, scattered; flowers 3 to 4 cm. wide;

calyx tube patelliform; sepals linear-oblong, about 1.5 cm. long and

5 mm. wide, obtuse, dorsally corniculate below apex, reddish (when

dry) without; petals as long as the sepals; corona filaments filiform,

in 4 or 5 series, the outermost about 1.5 em. long, the others densely

massed, about 3 mm. long, capitellate; operculum membranous,

erect, about 1 mm. high, plicate toward the lobulate margin; nectar

ring annular, fleshy; limen short-tubular, loosely surrounding base

of gynophore; ovary ellipsoidal or fusiform, glabrous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Fusagasuga, Colombia.

ILLUSTRATION: Mutis, Icon. Pl. Ined. 26: pl. 29.

DISTRIBUTION: Department of Cundinamarca, Eastern Cordillera

of Colombia.

COLOMBIA: Mutis 705 (Ma, N).—Cundinamarca: Fusagasuga,

Lehmann 2524 (Bo, K, type). Tena, 2,000 meters, Lehmann 6106

(K, N). Viota, André 1739 (K).

Though the flowers of P. Lehmanni are smaller and probably not

so highly colored as those of P. kermesina, their structure appears to

be essentially the same. The small, dissitate bracts also indicate a

close relationship with that species.

237. Passiflora trisulca Mast. Bot. Jahrb. 8: 218. 1887.

Plant glabrous throughout; stipules semi-ovate, 1.5 to 3 cm.

long, 0.5 to 1.5 em. wide, acute and aristate at apex, rounded at

base; petioles 3.5 to 5 cm. long, bearing 4 subopposite or scattered,

liguliform, often curved glands 1 to 2 mm. long; leaves 8 to 13 cm.

long, 12 to 16 cm. wide, 3-lobed to about 2 em. from base (lobes

_ lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 1.5 to 3 cm. wide, acuminate, the

sinuses acutish, glandless), truncate or very shallowly cordate at

base, subpeltate, 5-nerved, strongly reticulate-veined, membranous

or subcoriaceous; peduncles 6 to 7 cm. long; bracts not seen, evidently

soon deciduous; flowers 4 to 6 cm. wide; calyx tube short-campanu-

late; sepals oblong, 5 to 7 mm. wide, dorsally apiculate; petals sub-

equal to sepals; corona filaments in several series, the outermost

liguliform, about 1 cm. long, the inner much shorter; operculum

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 401

membranous, plicate, about 2 mm. high, erect, crenulate at margin,

bearing on outside just below margin a row of filaments; nectar

ring fleshy; limen tubular, lobulate; ovary ellipsoidal, glaucous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Santa Barbara, ‘‘Prov. Cauca,’’ Colombia.

This may be the Santa Barbara in the Department of Antioquia,

where Lehmann is known to have made collections.

DISTRIBUTION: Central Cordillera of Colombia(?).

COLOMBIA: Antioquia: Santa Barbara, Lehmann VIII (B, Bo,

K, type).—Caldas: San José, 1,400 meters, Pennell 10214 (G, N).

Unfortunately bracts are not present on the type specimen, or on

the Pennell plant. The structure of the operculum, however, suggests

that this is a near relative of P. Lehmanni. From that species it is

readily distinguished, however, by less deeply lobed leaves with

broader lobes, differently shaped petiolar glands, and much shorter

peduncles.

238. Passiflora Smithii Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 20: 378. 1930.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete; stipules semi-ovate or

subreniform, 2.5 to 4 em. long, 1 to 1.5 em. wide, aristulate at apex,

rounded at base, coriaceous; petioles 2.5 to 4 em. long, 2-4-glandular

near middle, the glands tuberculiform, 0.5 to 1 mm. long and “thick;

leaves 8 to 12 em. long, 10 to 15 cm. wide, 3-lobed about three-

quarters their length (lobes oblong or elliptic-oblong, 2.5 to 3 em.

wide, narrowed to an obtuse apex, minutely glandular-serrulate in

the rounded sinuses), subtruncate or cordulate at base, 5-nerved,

strongly reticulate-veined, coriaceous or subcoriaceous, glaucous

beneath; peduncles 6 to 7 cm. long, slender; bracts narrowly lance-

olate, 6 to 8 mm. long, 1.5 to 3 mm. wide, acuminate, sessile, decidu-

ous, borne at separate points near middle of peduncle; flowers about

5 cm. wide; calyx tube broadly campanulate, about 5 mm. long, 10

mm. wide; sepals oblong, about 2 cm. long and 7 mm. wide, obtuse,

slightly cucullate, minutely awned dorsally, the awn about 1 mm.

long; petals linear-oblong, about 1 cm. long, 4 mm. wide, obtuse;

corona filaments in several series, the outermost narrowly liguliform,

0.8 to 1 em. long, those of the succeeding 3 or 4 series, filiform, about

2 mm. long, minutely capitellate; operculum membranous, about 7

mm. high, closely plicate, lacerate-cleft to below middle; nectar ring

annular, obscure; limen about 4 mm. high, closely surrounding base

of gynophore, irregularly denticulate; ovary ovoid, glabrous; fruit

ovoid, about 6 em. long, 3 to 3.5 em. in diameter; seeds oblong, about

6 mm. long, reticulate.

402 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

TYPE LOCALITY: Mesa de Los Santos, Santander, Colombia.

ILLUSTRATION: Mutis, Icon. Pl. Ined. 26: pl. 9bis.

DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, 1,000 to 1,200

meters altitude.

COLOMBIA: Santander: Mesa de Los Santos, Killip & Smith

15015 (A, G, N, type, Y).—Cundinamarea: ‘“‘Cerca del Hospicio,”’

Triana 2947, in part (BM, HNC). Pefién, Goudot (P). Sasaima,

Pérez 2028 (N).

From P. trisulca, to which it appears to be most closely related,

this species differs in having less deeply lobed leaves with the lobes

obtuse, and short, thick petiolar glands.

Apparently two species are represented by Triana 2947. The

plant at Geneva is P. subpeltata Ort., but that at the British Museum

is quite distinct. A specimen of Triana’s in the Herbario Nacional

Colombiano, from ‘Prov. de Bogota, cerca del Hospicio,’”’ is clearly

a part of the collection represented in the British Museum. Triana

and Planchon cited No. 2947 as P. stipulata (P. subpeltata, not

P. stipulata Aubl.). Triana 2946, the type of P. atomaria, is also

P. subpeltata.

239. Passiflora Watsoniana Mast. Gard. Chron. n. ser. 26: 648.

f. 127. 1886.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete, wiry; stipules semi-ovate

or subreniform, 0.5 to 1.5 em. long, 0.3 to 1 cm. wide, acutish or

rounded, aristulate at apex, rounded at base, denticulate; petioles

up to 3 cm. long, very slender, minutely 2—5-glandular, the glands

stipitate, scattered; leaves 3 to 6 cm. long, 4 to 8 cm. wide, 3-lobed

to slightly below middle (lobes oblong, 1 to 2.5 cm. wide, obtuse or

acutish), subtruncate at base, subpeltate, 5-nerved, membranous,

green above, reddish purple beneath; peduncles up to 5 cm. long,

slender; bracts setaceous, about 2 mm. long, scattered, very soon

deciduous; flowers up to 8 cm. wide; calyx tube campanulate, about

4 mm. long; sepals oblong-lanceolate, about 7 mm. wide, obtuse,

dorsally awned, green without, white within; petals linear-lanceolate,

about 4 mm. wide, obtuse, thin, white; corona filaments filiform, in

5 indistinct series, the outermost about 2 cm. long, purple in lower

half, white- and purple-banded above, those of the succeeding 3

series about 4 mm. long, of the inner series 6 to 7 mm. long; oper-

culum membranous, 1.5 mm. high, plicate, bearing on outside just

below margin a row of reddish purple filaments about 5 mm. long;

nectar ring a dependent, fleshy membrane; limen cupuliform, about

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 403

8 mm. high, white, adnate to gynophore except at margin; ovary

ovoid, short-stipitate, glaucous-pruinose.

TYPE LOCALITY: Central or southern Brazil; described from a

plant cultivated in Kew Gardens.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Gard. Chron. n. ser. 26: 649. f. 127. 1886;

Ill. Hort. 36: pl. 74; Garden 33: 194.

DISTRIBUTION: Central or southern Brazil.

BRAZIL: Collector uncertain (K, type). From type(?) plant

cultivated at Kew Gardens, Killip 13072a (N) ee Paulo: Cam-

pinas, Campos Novaes 845 (N).

From P. kermesina this species is easily distinguished by the

color of its flowers, shorter peduncles, and finer bracts.

A plant, possibly that from which the type specimen was taken,

was flowering profusely at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, at the

time of my visit in 1925.

240. Passiflora Eggersii Harms, Bot. Jahrb. 18: Beibl. 46: 7. 1894.

Stem subangulate, softly pilosulous; stipules semi-ovate or sub-

reniform, 8 to 10 mm. long, 4 to 5 mm. wide, cuspidate, rounded at

base, entire; petioles up to 3 cm. long, minutely 4—6-glandular above

middle; leaves ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, 8 to 12 cm. long, 4 to

7 cm. wide, acute or acuminate at apex, subtruncate or cordulate at

base, entire, 5-nerved, glabrescent above, softly pilosulous beneath;

peduncles 10 to 15 cm. long; bracts ovate-oblong, 3 to 4 mm. long,

1.5 to 2 mm. wide, acute, mucronulate, dissitate along upper half of

peduncle; flowers red, up to 10 cm. wide when expanded; calyx tube

broadly cylindric-campanulate, about 1 cm. long, 1.5 cm. wide, the

sepals and petals at first radiate, at length reflexed; sepals lanceolate,

4 to 5 em. long, 1 to 1.3 cm. wide; petals slightly shorter than the

sepals; corona filaments ligulate, in 4 series, reddish purple, the outer-

most 4 to 5 mm. long, those of the succeeding series 2 to 3 mm. long,

pale at tips; operculum membranous, erect, about 2 mm. high,

slightly plicate, bearing a row of filaments about 4 mm. long on

outer surface just below the crenulate margin; limen short-tubular,

closely surrounding base of gynophore; gynophore slender; ovary

ovoid-ellipsoidal, glabrous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Bulao (Balao), Ecuador.

DISTRIBUTION: Western Ecuador. A note by Lehmann states

that this species occurs in the whole littoral region between Santa

Rosa and Naranjal.

404 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

DISTRIBUTION: Western Ecuador.

Ecuapor: Sodiro (N); Rutz & Pavon (Ma).—Guayas: Balao,

Eggers 14433 (B, type, N).—Oro: Rio Pitagongo, near Santa Rosa,

Lehmann 4839 (B, K).—Los Rios: Canton Vinces, Mexia 6578 (N).

—Bolivar: San Miguel, Stevens 200 (N).

This is distinguished from the other species of this section by the

indument on the stem and under surface of the leaves. The outer

corona filaments are much shorter than in its near relatives.

241. Passiflora Miersii Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt. 1: 599. pl.

117, fds dole:

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete, wiry, often golden-yellow;

stipules semi-ovate, 1 to 2.5 cm. long, 0.5 to 1.2 em. wide, rounded at

both ends, mucronulate at apex, crenulate or subentire, reddish

purple when dry, pale at margin, persistent; petioles up to 1.5 cm.

long, slender, biglandular in upper third, the glands stipitate; leaves

lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 3 to 6 cm. long (or the lower up to 8

cm.), 2 to 3 cm. wide, acutish or rounded at apex, truncate or rounded

and subpeltate at base, 3—-5-nerved, subcoriaceous, claret-colored

beneath, dark reddish purple when dry; peduncles 3 to 5 cm. long,

slender, articulate about 5 mm. from apex; bracts variable, narrowly

ovate, oblanceolate, or linear-setaceous, up to 6 mm. long, and 2

mm. wide, borne about 1 cm. below base of flower, soon deciduous;

flowers 4 to 5 cm. wide; calyx tube campanulate, ventricose at base;

sepals oblong, 1.5 to 2.5 em. long, 5 to 7 mm. wide, obtuse, aristate

dorsally just below apex, white; petals subequal to sepals, obtuse, white;

corona filaments filiform, in 4 series, the outer 2 radiate, 1 to 1.5 cm.

long, whitish, barred with purple at base, those of the third series

minute, barely 1.5 mm. long, violet, those of the fourth series 5 to 7

mm. long, erect, violet or deep purple; operculum membranous,

erect below, the upper half slightly inclined toward gynophore,

subplicate, bearing a row of filaments on outer surface just below

margin, the filaments 4 to 5 mm. long; limen cupuliform, closely

surrounding base of gynophore; ovary ovoid, glabrous, glaucous;

fruit obovoid or ellipsoidal, 3 to 4 cm. long, 1.5 to 2 cm. in diameter,

the pericarp coriaceous; seeds obovate, reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Organ Mountains, Brazil.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: pl. 117, f. 1; Gard.

Chron. III. 4: 352. 1888; Bot. Mag. 116: pl. 7115.

DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Brazil, Minas Geraes to Sado Paulo.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 405

BRAZIL: Schwacke 7427 (B).—Minas Geraes: Claussen (K); St.

Hilaire 225 (P). Caldas, Regnell III.637 (B, N, S); Mosén 4148 (8S).

Between Barbacena and Serra da Mantiqueira, Warming 1166 (Cop).

—Rio de Janeiro: Widgren 328 (S); Regnell 78 (S). Organ Moun-

tains, Miers (BM, K, type). Santa de Estrella, Weddell 717 (P).

Serra do Tingua, Glaziou 6551a (B, P).—Sao Paulo: Burchell 3919

(K); Sello 290 (B). S&o Joao de Béa, Mosén 4149 (S). Butantan,

Hoehne 238 (B).

This is readily distinguished from P. Eggersit and P. Guenthert,

the two other entire-leaved species of this section. The bracts, soon

deciduous and not present in several of the specimens examined, vary

from linear-setaceous to ovate or oblanceolate, a rather extreme

variation within a species.

242. Passiflora Guentheri Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 10:

811. 1929.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem subterete; stipules semi-oblong,

1 to 2.5 em. long, 0.5 to 1 em. wide, mucronate (mucro 3 to 4 mm.

long), entire, thick-coriaceous, persistent; petioles 1.5 to 3.5 em. long,

4-glandular, the glands about 1.5 mm. wide, sessile, 2 borne near

apex of petiole, 2 near middle; leaves oblong-ovate or ovate-lance-

olate, 7 to 14 em. long, 3 to 7 cm. wide, acute or subacute at apex,

rounded at base, septuplinerved, conspicuously reticulate-veined,

thick-coriaceous, bright green above, glaucescent beneath; peduncles

solitary, 3 to 4 cm. long; bracts ovate-lanceolate, 6 to 7 mm. long,

about 3 mm. wide, acuminate at apex, cordulate, sessile, dissitate

near middle of peduncle; flowers about 5 cm. wide; calyx tube broadly

campanulate, about 7 mm. long; sepals oblong, 2.5 to 3 cm. long,

about 1 cm. wide, obtuse, minutely awned dorsally just below apex

(awn barely 1 mm. long), green without, white(?) within; petals

oblong, subequal to sepals, obtuse, white(?); corona filaments in 4

series, the outermost filiform, 2 to 2.5 em. long, radiate, those of the

succeeding series 3 to 4 mm. long, capitellate, erect; operculum white,

6 to 7 mm. high, cleft nearly to base into linear, overlapping seg-

ments about 0.7 mm. wide; ovary ovoid, glabrous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Mapiri region, San Carlos, Bolivia.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from type locality, in northern

Bolivia.

BOLIvIA: La Paz: Mapiri region, San Carlos, Buchtien 906

(907, in error; B, type, N).

406 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Passiflora Guentheri is placed at this point on the basis of the

relatively small, dissitate bracts, although it has little resemblance

to its entire-leaved associates of this section, P. Eggersii and P.

Miersii. The operculum is remarkable; it is cleft nearly to the base

into linear segments, the sides of which overlap, indicating that were

it tubular, the upper half would be described as plicate.

Series 12. Imbricatae

243. Passiflora cuzcoensis Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 20:

379. 1930.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete, or the younger portions

subangulate; stipules semi-oblong, 2 to 2.5.cm. long, 0.7 to 0.9 cm.

wide, acutish at apex, rounded at base, obscurely crenulate; petioles

2 to 3 cm. long, slender, biglandular in upper third, the glands

minute, subulate, 0.5 to 0.8 mm. long; leaves suborbicular in general

outline, 3-lobed at apex, 5 to 7 cm. along midnerve, 4 to 6 cm. along

lateral nerves (lobes rounded, minutely mucronulate, the middle

lobe 2 to 3 cm. wide), rounded or subtruncate at base, entire, 5— (or

obscurely) 7-nerved, membranous; peduncles slender, 3 to 3.5 cm.

long; bracts 3, subimbricate, unequal (one larger than the others),

cordate, 2.5 to 3 cm. long, 2 to 2.5 em. wide, obtuse, crenate-serrulate

toward apex, persistent; flowers about 5 cm. wide; calyx tube cam-

panulate; sepals lance-oblong, about 2 cm. long, 1 cm. wide, obtuse,

awned dorsally just below apex, the awn foliaceous, up to 5 mm.

long; petals lance-oblong, about 1.5 em. long and 8 mm. wide, obtuse;

corona filaments in 2 series, the outer radiate, about 2 cm. long, very

slender, apparently concolorous, the inner (borne about 2 mm. from

the outer) filiform, 1.5 to 2 mm. long; operculum membranous, about

2 mm. high, denticulate, bearing on outside just below margin a row

of very slender filaments about 1 mm. long; limen cupuliform, closely

surrounding base of gynophore; ovary not seen.

TYPE LOCALITY: Marcapata Valley, Cuzco, Peru.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from type locality in southeastern

Peru.

PERU: Cuzco: Marcapata Valley, near Chilechile, Weberbauer 7872

(B, K, N, type). .

The unusual arrangement of the bracts indicates the relationship

of this species to P. sidaefolia (P. tetraden), which it resembles also

in the outline of the leaves. The flowers of the two species differ in

several details: in P. cuzcoensis the sepals are awned, in P. sidaefolia

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 407

they are without awns, apparently an important. difference in the

subgenus Granadilla; the principal or radiate corona filaments are in

a single series and concolorous in P. cuzcoensis, in two series and

alternately banded with blue and white in P. sidaefolia; the inner

corona consists of short filaments in P. cwzcoensis, of mere tubercles

in P. sidaefolia.

244. Passiflora sidaefolia M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 173. 1846.

Passiflora tetraden Vell. Fl. Flumin. 9: pl. 91. 1827 (figure only);

Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 611. pl. 122, f. 2. 1872.

Not P. tetradena Vand. (1828).

Plant essentially glabrous throughout; stem terete, slender, wiry;

stipules semi-ovate, 10 to 20 mm. long, 6 to 10 mm. wide, acute or

subacute at apex, aristate (awn 1 to 3 mm. long), rounded at base;

petioles 1 to 3 cm. long, biglandular near middle, usually with a pair

of glands near apex also; leaves suborbicular in general outline, 4 to

7 cm. long, nearly as broad, 3-lobed at apex (lobes rounded or sub-

acute at apex, the middle lobe prominent [young leaves often with

the middle lobe reduced, hence the leaves shallowly truncate-lobed],

the lateral lobes often much reduced), rounded at base, 3 (or obso-

letely 5) -nerved, subcoriaceous, lustrous above, green or glauescent

beneath; peduncles solitary, 1 to 1.5 em. long; bracts cordate-orbicu-

late or cordate-lanceolate, 2 to 4 cm. long, 2 to 3.5 cm. wide, rounded

or subacute at apex, sessile, thin-membranous, pinkish, imbricate,

one slightly smaller and borne just below the two others; flowers

about 8 cm. wide; sepals oblong-lanceolate, 2.5 to 3 em. long, 1 to

1.3 cm. wide, obtuse, ecorniculate; petals similar to the sepals,

slightly narrower; corona filaments in 5 series, those of the 2 outer

ligulate, filiform at tips, 2.5 to 3 cm. long, white(?), banded with

purple, the inner filaments reduced to short, dentiform tubercles;

operculum membranous, about 5 mm. high, incurved, crenulate at

margin; limen cupuliform, closely surrounding base of gynophore;

ovary ovoid, glaucous; fruit globose, about 3 cm. in diameter, the

pericarp coriaceous; seeds obovate, about 5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide,

closely and finely reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Vell. Fl. Flumin. 9: pl. 91; Mart. Fl. Bras. 18,

Dt. 1p. 122: F,:2-

DISTRIBUTION: Brazil, Minas Geraes to Sao Paulo.

BRAZIL: Minas Geraes: Vicosa, 1,300 meters, Mexia 4659a (Cal).

Caldas, Hoehne 3818 (B).—Rio de Janeiro: Cosmo Velho, Miers

408 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

(BM). Corcovado, Glaziou 6604 (P), 6700 (B, Cop, P); Kuhlmann

5248 (S, Ut); Batley & Bailey 755 (N); Dusén 5083 (S), 5154 (S);

Mosén 2506 (S). Nova Friburgo, Glaziou 18257 (K). Cantagallo,

Peckholt 31 (V).—S&ao Paulo: Campinas, Heiner 581 (S); Campos

Novaes 841 (N).

Passiflora sidaefolia is perhaps more closely related to P. actinia

than is indicated in the present key. The floral structure of the two

is very similar, although in P. actinia the inner corona filaments and

those of the operculum are longer. The leaves of P. sidaefolia are

slightly lobed, those of P. actinia entire.

Series 13. Simplicifoliae

245. Passiflora longipes Juss. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6: 111. pl. 38,

f. 1. 1805.

Anthactinia longipes Bory, Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. Brux. 2: 189.

1819.

Passiflora longipes var. retusa Tr. & Planch. Ann. Sci. Nat. V.

Bot. 17: 152. 1878.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete; stipules semi-ovate, 2.5

to 8 em. long, 1 to 1.5 em. wide, rounded or acutish and aristulate at

apex, rounded at base, oblique; petioles about 1.5 cm. long, slender,

4-6-glandular, the glands stipitate; leaves ovate-oblong, 4 to 8 cm.

long, 2 to 4 cm. wide, obtuse or rounded, occasionally emarginate at

apex, rounded or cordulate at base; peduncles 5 to 15 cm. long, stout,

articulate 0.5 to 1.5 cm. from apex; bracts oblong or oblong-lance-

olate, 1 to 2 em. long, 0.5 to 1 cm. wide, obtuse, mucronulate, borne

at point of articulation of peduncle; flowers 8 to 10 cm. wide, red;

calyx tube cylindric, 1 to 1.2 cm. long, 2 cm. wide, deeply longi-

tudinally 10-sulcate; sepals linear, 3 to 4 cm. long, 6 to 8 mm. wide,

obtuse, radiate, at length reflexed, cucullate, carinate, dorsally

awned, the awn about 7 mm. long; petals lanceolate-oblong, 4 to 5

em. long, 1.3 to 1.5 cm. wide, rounded at. apex; operculum mem-

branous, 7 to 8 mm. high, cleft nearly to base into clavate segments

which are crenulate along upper margin and terminate in a filiform

appendage attached dorsally just below apex; corona filaments in

several closely adjacent series, the outer 2 or 3 radiate, 3 to 4 mm.

long, the inner erect, 5 to 7 mm. long; nectar ring a narrow ridge;

limen cupuliform, sinuate at margin; ovary ovoid.

TYPE LOCALITY: Quindio Mountains, Colombia.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6: pl. 38, f. 1; Mutis,

Icon. Pl. Ined. 26: pl. 8bis.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 409

DISTRIBUTION: Eastern and Central Cordilleras of Colombia.

COLOMBIA: Norte de Santander: Ocafia, Kalbreyer 1202 (B, K).

—Santander: Las Vegas, Killip & Smith 15911 (G, N). La Baja,

Funck & Schlim 1384 (Gen, P).—Cundinamarca: Bogota, cultivated,

Goudot (P); Triana (Gen, K, P), 2943 (BM, type of P. longipes

var. retusa, HNC). Anolaima, Lindig 610 (BM). Tequendama

Falls, Schultze 66 (B, N).—Tolima: Quindio Trail, Humboldt &

Bonpland (B, P, type).

This and the next following species are readily distinguished by

the stout peduncles and the long, narrow sepals. The operculum of

P. longipes is quite unlike that of any near relatives.

This is the type species of Bory’s Anthactinia, a genus proposed

for the granadillas with entire leaves and glandular petioles. No

other species were formally transferred by Bory, but Roemer applied

the generic name to several Old World species of Passifloraceae.

LOCAL NAME: “Flor del campo.”’

246. Passiflora mucronata Lam. Encyel. 3: 33. 1789.

Passiflora albida Ker, Bot. Reg. 8: pl. 677. 1822. ‘

Passiflora pallida Vell. Fl. Flumin. 9: pl.70.1827. Not P. pallida L.

Decaloba pallida M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 152. 1846.

Passiflora aetheoantha Barb. Rodr. Contr. Jard. Bot. Rio de

Janeiro 3: 60. pl. 8. 1902.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete, stout, about 2 mm.

thick, slightly flexuous; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 1.5 to 2.5 em. long,

0.5 to 1.5 em. wide, subacute, mucronate, oblique (midnerve excen-

tric), cordulate at base, strongly reticulate-veined, often glaucous,

coriaceous; petioles 1 to 2 em. long, obscurely 2—4-glandular near

middle; leaves ovate-cordate, 4 to 12 em. long, 2.5 to 6 cm. wide,

rounded at apex, subpeltate, 3—5-nerved, conspicuously reticulate-

veined, thick-coriaceous; peduncles solitary, up to 8 cm. long,

articulate about 1 cm. below apex, terete, often arcuate above, very

stout, fully equal to the diameter of the stem; bracts oblong-lance-

olate, 2 to 2.5 em. long, about 1 em. wide, acute, apiculate, narrowed

at base, sessile, reticulate-veined, thin-membranous, usually glaucous,

borne at least 1 cm. below base of flower; flowers 8 to 10 cm. wide,

white; calyx tube campanulate; sepals linear, up to 8 mm. wide,

obtuse, dorsally broadly keeled, the keel terminating in an awn 2 to

3 mm. long; petals linear, about as long as the sepals, obtuse; corona

filaments in 2 series, the outer very slender, about 10 mm. long, the

410 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL History—BOTANY, VoL. XIX

inner filiform-clavate, 2 to 3 mm. long; operculum borne at middle

of tube, filamentose, the filaments 2 to 3 mm. long; limen cupuliform;

ovary narrowly ovoid; fruit ovoid, 4 to 5 em. long, about 2.5 em. in

diameter; seeds oblong-obcordate, about 5 mm. long and 4 mm. wide,

strongly flattened, reticulate. ,

TYPE LOCALITY: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Cav. Diss. 10: pl. 282; Bot. Reg. 8: pl. 677;

Vell. Fl. Flumin. 9: pl. 70; Contr. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 3: pl. 8.

DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Brazil, from Bahia to Rio de Janeiro.

BRAZIL: Sello 214 (B), 2124 (B), 2147 (B); Peckholt 354 (Brux);

Blanchet 1420 (BM, Gen), 1510 (BM, Gen) ;.Thowin (Ma); Pohl (V).

Caraguatatuba, Edwan 1750 (Cop).—Bahia: Blanchet 303 (BM,

Gen), 665 (BM, Gen, Y); Salzmann 291 (Gen).—Rio de Janeiro:

Rio de Janeiro, Commerson (Ma, P, type); Gaudichaud 1039 (B,

Gen, P), 1635 (Gen, P); Tweedie 1371 (K); Burchell 1542 (K),

2906 (K); Miers (BM); Wilkes Expedition (N); Dusén in 1904 (S);

Warming 1170 (Cop), 1182 (P), 1187 (Cop). S&o Pedro, Chase 10147

(N). Copacabana, Glaziou 399 (B, Cop, P). Larangeiras, Glaziou

3655a (P). Mana, Ule 3797 (B); Dusén 233 (Gen, N, 8). Restinga

de Cabo Frio, Glaziou 10872 (B, K, P). Recreio de Bandeirantes,

Lutz 513 (N).

LOCAL NAME: “Sururt.”’

247. Passiflora subrotunda Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1:

601. 1872.

Passiflora Barbosae Barb. Rodr. Vellosia 1: 27. 1891; 3, pt. 2:1.

pl. 18a. 1891.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem slender, up to 1.5 mm. thick;

stipules semi-ovate or semi-orbicular, 1 to 3 cm. long, 0.5 to 1.5 em.

wide, acute and aristulate at apex, rounded at base, membranous;

petioles about 1 cm. long, minutely biglandular just below apex;

leaves suborbicular or cordate, 2.5 to 4 em. long, 2 to 4 em. wide,

rounded and usually emarginate at apex, membranous; peduncles

solitary, up to 2 cm. long, slender; bracts borne about 5 mm. below

flower base, ovate-lanceolate, 6 to 8 mm. long, 5 to 6 mm. wide, acute

at both ends, thin-membranous; flowers about 2.5 em. wide; calyx

tube campanulate, 5 to 7 mm. wide at throat; sepals linear, 1.5 to

2.5 em. long, 3 to 4 mm. wide, obtuse, corniculate, deep blue at

margin, pale blue at center; petals similar to the sepals, slightly

shorter and narrower, deep blue; corona filaments in 2 subequal

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 411

series, filiform, 7 to 9 mm. long, reddish purple; operculum mem-

branous, erect, finely crenulate; limen cupuliform, closely surround-

ing base of gynophore; ovary ovoid, stipitate; fruit ovoid, 1.3 to 2.cm.

long, 7 to 11 mm. in diameter; seeds obovate, 3.5 mm. long, 2.5 mm.

wide, reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Aracaty, State of Ceara, Brazil.

ILLUSTRATION: Vellosia 3, pt. 2: pl. 13a.

DISTRIBUTION: Northeastern Brazil.

BRAZIL: Ceara: Aracaty, Gardner 1632 (BM, K, type). Maran-

hao, Gardner 6030 (BM, K); Jobert 928 (P). Fortaleza, Drouwet

2660 (N).

This plant has the general appearance of P. mucronata but is

more slender in every way, with all parts smaller. The leaves and

stipules are membranous. Passiflora Barbosae is clearly the same

species; it was based upon material from the State of Parahyba.

LOCAL NAME: ‘‘Maracuja de rato.”

248. Passiflora Galbana Mast. Gard. Chron. III. 20: 555. f. 97. 1896.

(?)Passiflora silvestris Vell. Fl. Flumin. 9: pl. 74. 1827, plate

only; ex M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 158. 1846.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete, slightly flexuous; stipules

ovate-lanceolate, 1 to 2 cm. long, 1 cm. wide, acute, mucronulate,

oblique and subcordate at base (midnerve excentric), strongly

reticulate-veined, coriaceous; petioles 1 to 1.5 em. long, minutely

biglandular toward apex; leaves oblong-lanceolate, 7 to 13 cm. long,

3 to 6.5 em. wide, obtuse and mucronulate at apex, rounded or

cordulate at base, coriaceous; peduncles 5 to 9 em. long, terete, at

length as stout as the stem, articulate near apex; bracts oblong-

lanceolate, 1 to 1.5 cm. long, 6 to 8 mm. wide, acute, borne at least

1 cm. below base of flower; flowers white or pale yellow; calyx tube

broadly cylindric-campanulate, about 7 mm. long, 1 cm. wide; sepals

narrowly oblong, about 4 cm. long and 7 mm. wide, dorsally broadly

keeled, the keel terminating in a foliaceous awn 5 to 6 mm. long;

petals similar in shape and size to sepals; corona filaments in 2 series,

the outer liguliform, 8 to 10 mm. long, the inner filiform, 2 to 3 mm.

long; operculum borne at middle of calyx tube, filamentose; limen

cupuliform; ovary ellipsoidal, glabrous; fruit narrowly ovoid, 6 to 7

em. long, about 2 cm. in diameter, narrowed to a blunt point,

5-angled; seeds obovate, 4 to 5 mm. long, 3 to 3.5 mm. wide.

412 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

TYPE LOCALITY: Described from plants introduced into England,

probably of north Brazilian origin.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt. 1: pl. 119, as P. mucronata;

Gard. Chron. III. 20: 555. f. 97; (?)Vell. Fl. Flumin. 9: pl. 74.

DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Brazil, Bahia to Rio de Janeiro.

BRAZIL: Bahia: Blanchet 1567 (BM, Gen).—Minas Geraes: St.

Hilaire 1689 (P). Lagéa Santa, Warming 1163 (Cop, N). Carvelho,

Warming 1164 (Cop). Capichava, Mexia 5026 (Gen, N, P). Bello

Horizonte, Mello Barreto 867 (N), 868 (N), 870 (N).—Rio de

Janeiro: Copacabana, Glaziou 14853 (cited as P. sylvestris, Bull.

Soe. Bot. France, Mém. 3: 318. 1909; B, Cop, P).

This is perhaps only a form of P. mucronata. The leaves are

proportionately much longer and are 1-nerved, not 3-5-nerved.

249. Passiflora amabilis Lemaire, Fl. des Serres. 3: pl. 209. 1847.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem very slender, terete or sub-

terete; stipules ovate-lanceolate, about 1.5 cm. long, 2 to 3 mm. wide,

acuminate, subfaleate, soon deciduous; petioles slender, 1.5 to 4 em.

long, bearing 1 or 2 pairs of sessile glands; leaves ovate-oblong or

ovate-lanceolate, 7 to 12 cm. long, 4 to 9 cm. wide, acute, entire,

subcordate, penninerved or subtrinerved, membranous; peduncles

solitary, 3 to 4 cm. long; bracts ovate, about 2 cm. long and 1.5 em.

wide, borne at the base of the flower; flowers 8 to 9 cm. wide (ex-

panded); calyx tube short-tubular, about 1.5 em. long and 1.5 em.

wide at the throat; sepals linear-oblong or linear-lanceolate, about

3.5 cm. long and 1 cm. wide, dorsally short-awned, green without,

bright red within; petals subequal to the sepals, bright red; corona

filaments white, in 4 series, the outermost 2 to 2.5 cm. long, radiate,

the second series about 1.5 em. long, radiate, the third about 1.5 mm.

long and consisting of only a few erect threads, the innermost about

4 mm. long, erect; operculum erect, about 6 mm. high, obscurely

filamentose at the very margin; limen erect, about 4 mm. high,

closely surrounding the gynophore, 5-dentate; ovary pruinose.

TYPE LOCALITY: Described from a cultivated specimen.

ILLUSTRATIONS: FI. des Serres 3: pl. 209; Bot. Mag. 74: pl. 4406;

Garden 55: 272.

DISTRIBUTION: Southern Brazil(?).

In assigning a name to this plant, Lemaire stated definitely that

it was a horticultural hybrid between P. princeps (P. racemosa) and

P. alata. The following year Hooker described it under the same

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 413

name, suggesting that it was a hybrid between P. alata and P. quad-

rangularis. I am including it in this account of the American Passi-

floraceae because Masters cites as P. amabilis Sello 599, a collection

which I have not seen, and Harms gives southern Brazil as the home

of the species. It may be a natural hybrid there.

The detailed description of the flower given above is based mainly

upon a beautifully prepared specimen, sent the U.S. National Her-

barium by Dr. André Guillemin, from a plant cultivated on the

Céte d’Azur, France.

250. Passiflora mapiriensis Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 10:

810. 1929.

Plant essentially glabrous throughout (except ovary); stem sub-

terete, striate, slender; stipules narrowly semi-lanceolate, 1 to 1.2 em.

long, long-acuminate at apex, semi-cordulate, soon deciduous;

petioles 1 to 3 cm. long, very slender, bearing 4 to 6 scattered, sessile

or subsessile glands about 0.6 mm. in diameter; leaves ovate to ovate-

oblong, 4.5 to 8 em. long, 3 to 6 cm. wide, abruptly or gradually

acuminate at apex, rounded or shallowly cordate at base, entire,

septuplinerved, membranous; peduncles solitary, 2 to 3 cm. long;

bracts lanceolate, 8 to 10 mm. long, acuminate, membranous, borne

about 1 cm. from base of flower; calyx tube campanulate, 5to6 mm. .

long; sepals narrowly oblong, about 3 cm. long, 8 mm. wide, obtuse,

slightly cucullate, short-awned dorsally just below apex, white;

petals lance-oblong, about 2 cm. long, 1 cm. wide, obtuse, white;

corona filaments filiform, in 4 or 5 series, the outermost 2 to 2.5 em.

long, purplish below, the succeeding ones 3 to 4 mm. long; operculum

filamentose, the filaments 7 to 8 mm. long, connate at base; limen

closely surrounding base of gynophore; ovary puberulent.

TYPE LOCALITY: San Carlos, Mapiri region, Bolivia.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from type locality in northern

Bolivia.

Bo.ivis: La Paz: Mapiri region, San Carlos, 850 meters, Buchtien

903 (B, type, N).

251. Passiflora Jileki Wawra, Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 1863: 110.

1863; Bot. Ergebn. Reise Maxim. 59. pl. 8. 1866.

(?) Passiflora mediterranea Vell. Fl. Flumin. 9: pl. 72. 1827, figure

only; M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 168. 1846.

Passiflora colorata Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt. 1: 601. 1872.

414 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete, often purplish; stipules

semi-ovate (subreniform), 1 to 3 cm. long, 0.5 to 1 cm. wide, con-

spicuously reticulate-veined, coriaceous; petioles up to 4 cm. long,

bearing 2 to 5 short-stipitate glands; leaves lanceolate, ovate-

lanceolate, or oblong-lanceolate, up to 15 cm. long, 10 cm. wide,

acute, cordate and subpeltate at base, 5-nerved (midnerve promi-

nent), reticulate-veined, entire, usually hyaline-cartilaginous at

margin, thick-coriaceous; peduncles solitary, 5 to 6 cm. long, slender;

bracts cordate-ovate, about 1 cm. long and wide, rounded and

minutely apiculate at apex, subentire, thin-herbaceous, pinkish,

densely spotted with red; flowers 3 to 4 cm. wide, white, pink-tinged;

sepals oblong, about 1.5 cm. long and 7 mm:-wide, obtuse, cucullate,

dorsally awned, the awn barely 1 mm. long; petals slightly narrower

than the sepals; corona filaments in 3 series, the outermost radiate,

as long as the petals, the inner 2 much shorter; operculum mem-

branous, incurved, serrulate; limen cupuliform, closely surrounding

base of gynophore; ovary ovoid, stipitate, glabrous; fruit ovoid or

subglobose, about 3 cm. in diameter; seeds oblong-cuneate, about

5 mm. long, 3.5 mm. wide, reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Corcovado, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot. Ergebn. Reise Maxim. pl. 8; (?)Vell. FI.

Flumin. 9: pl. 72.

DISTRIBUTION: Southeastern Brazil, Minas Geraes to Santa

Catharina.

BRAZIL: Sello 5960 (B).—Minas Geraes: Fazenda de Grama,

Carangola, Mexia 4251 (N).—Rio de Janeiro: Corcovado, Wawra &

Maly 530 (V, type). Rio de Janeiro, Ducke 21312 (K, N); Kuhl-

mann 2265 (Ut); St. Hilaire 719 (P); Miers (BM, K). Gavea,

Glaziou 6551 (Cop, Gen, P). Tijuca, Glaziou 3020 (Brux, Cop, P).

Mt. Itatiaia, L. B. Smith 1630 (N).—S&o Paulo: Santos, Mosén 3175

(S).—Parana: Porto Dom Pedro, Dusén 4418 (S). Rio Branco,

Dusén 13821 (BM,S8). Alexandra, Dusén 11494 (Gen, N, S).—Santa

Catharina: Beechey (K, type of P. colorata). Sao Francisco, Ule

369 (B).

The bracts, though smaller, resemble those of P. actinia in shape

and coloring. The outline of the leaves and the structure of the

corona of these two species are quite different, however. From

P. mucronata and P. Galbana this species is readily distinguished

by its slender peduncles.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 415

252. Passiflora retipetala Mast. Kew Bull. Misc. Inf. 1893: 12.

1893. |

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete or subangulate; stipules

semi-ovate, 10 to 20 mm. long (including a filiform awn 6 to

7 mm. long), 6 to 10 mm. wide, midnerve excentric; petioles

2 to 5 em. long, 6—8-glandular, glands sessile, about 0.7 mm. in

diameter; leaves subcordate-ovate, 6 to 10 em. long, 4 to 7 em. wide,

acute or acuminate, subtruncate or cordulate at base, 5-nerved,

membranous or subcoriaceous; peduncles 2.5 to 3 em. long; bracts

cordate-ovate, 2 to 2.5 em. long, 1 to 1.5 em. wide, acute, mucronate;

flowers 5 to 7 cm. wide; sepals oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 2 to 3 cm.

long, 1 cm. wide, obtuse, white within; petals narrowly lanceolate

or slightly spatulate, 2.5 to 3.2 em. long, 8 to 10 mm. wide, obtuse,

1-nerved, white, conspicuously reticulate with arcuate veins; corona

filaments filiform, in about 5 series, the outermost radiate, 1.5 to 2.5

cm. long, the others erect, 2 to 4 mm. long, slightly thickened toward

apex; operculum membranous at base, filamentose above, the fila-

ments about 5 mm. long; limen cupuliform; ovary ovoid or sub-

globose, glaucous-pruinose. ,

TYPE LOCALITY: Mazaruni River, British Guiana.

DISTRIBUTION: British Guiana and northern Brazil.

BRITISH GUIANA: Taylor in 1916 (Y). Mazaruni River, Jenman

5791 (K, type). Junction of Mazaruni and Cuyuni rivers, Graham

126 (CM).

BRAZIL: Amazonas: Manaos, Ducke 24045 (N).

This is most easily recognized among species of this relationship

by the length of the awns of the stipules and the conspicuously veined

petals, which are longer than the sepals.

253. Passiflora actinia Hook. Bot. Mag. 69: pl. 4009. 1848.

Passiflora paulensis Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17: 428. 1927.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem subterete, slender, wiry; stipules

semi-ovate, 1 to 4 cm. long, 0.5 to 2 em. wide, rounded or acuminate

and aristulate at apex, rounded at base, attached laterally (hence

subreniform), entire or slightly crenulate, 1-nerved (nerve strongly

excentric), reticulate-veined, subcoriaceous; petioles 0.5 to 5 cm.

long, slender, 4-glandular, the glands sessile or subsessile, usually one

pair near apex and one pair near base of petiole; leaves broadly oval

or suborbicular, 3 to 10 cm. long, 2 to 8 em. wide, entire, subpeltate,

_ rounded or slightly narrowed at base, quintuplinerved or septupli-

416 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

nerved, subcoriaceous or membranous, often glaucous beneath;

peduncles 1.5 to 3 cm. long, slender; bracts cordate-ovate or cordate-

lanceolate, 1.5 to 2.5 cm. long, 1 to 1.5 em. wide, acute at apex,

mucronulate, sessile, verticillate, thin-membranous, glaucous; flowers

up to 9 cm. wide (expanded); calyx tube campanulate; sepals oblong-

lanceolate, up to 1.5 cm. wide, obtuse, ecorniculate, green without,

white within; petals about a fourth longer than the sepals, about 1

cm. wide, white; corona filaments in 4 or 5 series, those of the 2 outer

series terete, equaling or slightly longer than the petals, white at tips,

followed by a wide band of blue, the lower three-quarters alternately

banded with red and white, the 2 or 3 inner series consisting of minute

tuberculiform filaments barely 1 mm. long; operculum membranous,

about 2 mm. high, with numerous dentiform processes at margin;

nectar ring a low ridge; limen tubular, about 6 mm. high, closely sur-

rounding base of gynophore, flaring at margin; ovary ovoid, glabrous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Organ Mountains, in southeastern Brazil (type

collected by Lobb).

ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot. Mag. 69: pl. 4009; Fl. des Serres 2: pl. 10.

April, 1846; Gard. Chron. III. 32: 15. f. 8. 1902.

DISTRIBUTION: Southeastern Brazil.

BRAZIL: Martius (Brux). Villa Thuret, collector uncertain, in

1889 (A).—Rio de Janeiro: Theresopolis, Brade 9493 (B).—Sao

Paulo: Apiahy, Puiggari in 1883 (P, type of P. paulensis).—Parana:

Curityba, cultivated, Dusén 8809 (B, BM, Gen, N, S). Ponta

Grossa, Dusén 10928 (S). Ypiranga, Dusén 6672 (S), 12128 (S);

Jonsson 834a (S). Jaguariahyba, Dusén 17463 (B, S).

From P. Jileki, the only Brazilian species of this immediate re-

lationship, P. actinia is readily distinguished by the shorter, oval,

obtuse leaves. It is sometimes confused with P. sidaefolia (P.

tetraden Vell.), but the leaves of that species are 3-lobed, though

sometimes obscurely so, and the bracts are different.

Passiflora paulensis appears to be a form of this with smaller,

thinner leaves and smaller flowers.

254. Passiflora canescens Killip, sp. nov.

Herba scandens; caulis glaber; stipulae semi-oblongae vel sub-

reniformes; petioli 6-glandulosi, glandulis filiformibus, subcurvatis;

folia cordato-ovata vel ovato-lanceolata, subcoriacea, supra glabra,

subtus dense et minute cinereo-puberula; bracteae cordato-ovatae;

sepala petalaque oblonga, subaequalia, sepalis extus dense et minute

> ee eee ee

. AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 417

puberulis, late carinatis; coronae filamenta 3-4-seriata, extima

quam altera longiora; operculum erectum, minute fimbrillatum;

ovarium ovoideum, cano-tomentosum.

Herbaceous vine; stem subterete, glabrous, dark brown; stipules

semi-oblong or subreniform, 2 to 2.5 cm. long, 8 to 10 mm. wide,

’ entire, subcoriaceous, persistent; petioles 2.5 to 3.5 em. long, stout,

bearing 3 pairs of filiform, slightly curved glands 1.5 to 2 mm. long;

leaves cordate-ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 9 to 11 cm. long, 5 to 6.5

em. wide, obtuse, subpeltate, cordulate, entire, 3—5-nerved, subcori-

aceous, bright green, glabrous, and conspicuously reticulate above,

densely puberulent beneath with a minute, soft, grayish white indu-

ment, which likewise clothes the base of the tendrils and the pedun-

cles, the under side of the stipules, the inside of the bracts, and the

outside of the sepals and calyx tube; peduncles in pairs, slenderer

than the petioles, 3.5 to 4 cm. long; bracts cordate-ovate, about 1.5

em. long and 1 cm. wide, obtuse, mucronulate, membranous, borne

at the apex of the peduncle; calyx tube patelliform, about 5 mm. long,

1 em. wide at the throat; sepals oblong, 1.5 to 2 cm. long, 7 to 9 mm.

wide, obtuse, dorsally broad-keeled, the keel up to 4 mm. widey ter-

minating in a short horn; petals oblong, subequaling the sepals,

obtuse, white, minutely spotted with red; corona in 3 or 4 series,

filiform, outermost filaments about 1.5 cm. long, radiate, purplish(?),

the succeeding ones subulate, 1 to 2 mm. long, erect; operculum

about 1.5 mm. high, erect, minutely fimbrillate; limen membranous,

about 2 mm. high, closely surrounding the gynophore; ovary

ovoid, white-tomentose.

Type in the U. S. National Herbarium, No. 1,593,569, collected

at Serra do Caraca, Municipio Santa Barbara, State of Minas

Geraes, Brazil, April 13, 1933, by Mello Barreto (No. 874; Herb.

Jard. Bot. Bello Horizonte No. 5465).

This plant is remarkable for its dense, fine indument, which gives

a decided ashy color to the under side of the leaves and to the out-

side of the flowers. The sepals are broadly keeled, almost as broadly

asin P. Parritae, a species of the wholly unrelated subgenus Tacsonia.

255. Passiflora praeacuta Mast. Bot. Jahrb. 8: 220. 1887.

Stem terete or subquadrangulate, glabrous below, pilose above;

stipules foliaceous, obliquely ovate, 1.5 to 2.5 em. long, 0.7 to 1 em.

wide, acuminate, aristate, glandular-serrulate; petioles 2 to 3 cm.

long, pilose, bearing 4 to 6 curved, filiform glands 2.5 to 4 mm.

long; leaves ovate-lanceolate, 10 to 16 cm. long, 6 to 8 cm. wide, —

418 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

acuminate, subcordate at base, coriaceous or subcoriaceous, glabrous

above, pilose with long, appressed hairs and glaucous beneath;

peduncles 2 to 4 cm. long; bracts ovate, about 1 cm. long, acute,

borne at base of flower; calyx tube 6 mm. long, 9 mm. wide at

throat; sepals lanceolate, 2 cm. long, 8 mm. wide, 1-nerved (nerve

keeled dorsally, terminating in an awn 1.3 cm. long), reflexed, green

without, white within; petals linear-lanceolate, 2 cm. long, 5 mm.

wide, obtuse, white; corona filaments in 2 main groups, the outer

in a single series, filiform, 2 cm. long, reflexed at tips, white, banded

or densely mottled at base with red-violet, banded at middle with

dark purple, dark purple in upper third, the second group consisting

of a dense mass (i. e., not in definite series) of erect, capillary fila-

ments, 6 mm. long, red-violet, white at apex; operculum mem-

branous, 3 mm. long, erect, filamentose at margin with hyaline hairs;

nectar ring annular, horizontally spreading inward; limen cupuli-

form, 5 mm. high, closely adherent to gynophore, minutely dentic-

ulate at margin, light yellow-green; gynophore and styles white,

spotted with red-violet; stigmas green, orbicular; ovary ellipsoidal,

glaucous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Near Frontino, Department of Antioquia,

Colombia.

DISTRIBUTION: Western Cordillera of Colombia and central

Ecuador, 1,500 to 2,000 meters altitude.

COLOMBIA: Antioquia: Frontino, Lehmann XI (Bo, type).—El

Valle: La Cumbre, Pennell & Killip 5877 (G, N, Ph, Y); Killip &

Hazen 11120 (G, N, Ph, Y).

Ecuapbor: Leon: Naranjal, Lehmann 5663 (K).

Closely related to P. Oerstedii, this species differs in its longer,

curved petiolar glands, thicker leaves, and larger flowers, and in the

arrangement of the corona filaments. Dimensions and color notes

of floral parts are based on field notes of Killip & Hazen 11120.

256. Passiflora Oerstedii Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1:

562. 1872.

Passiflora populifolia Triana & Planch. Ann. Sci. Nat. V. Bot.

17: 150. 1873.

Passiflora Purpusit Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 12: 261. 1922.

Passiflora dispar Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 12: 330. 1922.

Stem slender, glabrous, terete or the younger parts subangular;

stipules semi-ovate, 1 to 4 cm. long, 0.5 to 1.5 em. wide, acuminate

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 419

and usually long-cuspidate, rounded at base, dark green and glabrous

above, green or usually glaucescent, often pilosulous, beneath;

petioles 1 to 4 cm. long, bearing 4 to 6 (rarely 2) scattered or paired,

stipitate glands up to 1.3 mm. long; leaves ovate-lanceolate to

narrowly oblong-lanceolate, 6 to 13 cm. long, 3 to 9 em. wide, acute

or obtuse, rarely asymmetrically bilobed, or 3-lobed to below the

middle (lobes lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 1.5 to 3 em. wide,

acute or subobtuse), rounded or usually cordulate at base, sub-

peltate, 5-7-nerved, entire or remotely serrulate toward base, mem-

branous or subcoriaceous, light or dark green, dull or lustrous,

glabrous above, dull, glaucous, glabrous to densely matted-hirtellous

beneath; peduncles 2 to 4 cm. long, glabrous; bracts ovate-lanceolate,

1 to 1.5 em. long, 5 to 8 mm. wide, acute at apex, rounded or cordate

at base, closely callous-serrulate, reticulate-veined, borne 5 to 10

mm. below the base of the flower, deciduous; flowers 4 to 6 cm. wide;

calyx tube campanulate, 7 to 8 mm. long; sepals ovate-lanceolate,

2 to 3 cm. long, 5 to 12 mm. wide, cucullate at apex, carinate (keel

terminating in a short incurved awn), white within; petals linear,

1 to 1.5 em. long, 3 to 5 mm. wide, obtuse, white or pinkish; cegrona

filaments purple, in several series, those of the 2 outer filiform,

1.5 to 2 cm. long, those of the succeeding 2 or 8 series ligulate,

1.5 to 2 mm. long, erect, the innermost linear-clavate, 3 mm. long;

operculum 6 to 8 mm. high, filamentose nearly to base; nectar ring

a low ridge halfway between operculum and gynophore; limen

cupuliform, closely surrounding base of gynophore, crenulate; ovary

ovoid, glabrous, glaucous; fruit ovoid, 4 to 6 em. long, 2 to 3 em.

in diameter; seeds narrowly obovate, 4 to 5 mm. long, 2 to 3 mm.

wide, shallowly tridentate, coarsely reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Mt. Agucacate, Costa Rica.

ILLUSTRATION: Mutis, Icon. Pl. Ined. 26: pl. 37bis.

DISTRIBUTION: Southern Mexico to central Venezuela and south

in the Western and Central Cordilleras of Colombia; up to 1,800

meters altitude.

Mexico: Sartorius (B).—Veracruz: Zacuapan, Purpus 3689

(Cal), 7664 (N, type of P. Purpusii). Misantla, Galeotti 3674

(Brux, P).

Costa Rica: Pittier 4416 (Brux). Mt. Aguacate, Oersted 4114

(Cop, type). Guanacaste, Standley & Valerio 44942 (N). Garita,

Hoffmann 663 (B). Arenal, J. Valerio 22 (N). El Mufieco, Cartago,

Standley 33632 (N). La Estrella, Cartago, Standley 39463 (N).

420 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

VENEZUELA: Carabobo: Guaremales, Pittier 8854 (B, N, type of

P. dispar).—Aragua: El Portachuelo, Pittver 11813 (N).

COLOMBIA: Tolima: Near Ibagué, Goudot (P, type of P. populi-

folia).—Caldas: Salento, Pennell 9064 (N, Ph).—EI Valle: La Cumbre,

Killip 5555 (G, N, Y), 5682 (G, Ma, N, Ph, Y); Cuatrecasas 2006

(Ma). Pavas, Killip 11662 (N). Between Potrerillo and Miraflores,

Pennell & Killip 6115 (G, N, Ph, Y).

This species, evidently of wide geographic distribution, was

known to Masters from only a single Costa Rican specimen, col-

lected by Oersted. This type specimen is glabrous throughout,

and the leaves are rather narrowly oblong-lanceolate.

In view of recent collections it is evident that four species should

be merged in P. Oerstedii. This multiplicity of names is due to a

lack of appreciation of the variability of the foliage and the indu-.

ment, and to the fact that type material of P. Oerstedii is limited.

Passiflora populifolia, described from Colombia, has leaves of a

more ovate type; P. Purpusii, from the northern limit of the range

of distribution, has the under surface of the leaves pubescent and

has relatively small flowers. The material upon which both of

these were based had strictly unlobed leaves.

In P. dispar the leaves of the type specimen, from Venezuela,

are asymmetrically bilobed, but a type collection at Berlin has both

entire and symmetrically 3-lobed leaves. The plant common in

Guatemala and Honduras, which has been known as P. choconiana,

has the leaves nearly always 3-lobed, and is perhaps best treated

as a variety.

LOCAL NAME: “Granadilla’”’ (Costa Rica).

256a. Passiflora Oerstedii var. choconiana (Wats.) Killip, Car-

negie Inst. Wash. Publ. 461: 321. 1936.

Passiflora choconiana Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 22: 474. 1887.

Leaves prevailingly 3-lobed.

TYPE LOCALITY: Chocon River, Guatemala.

DISTRIBUTION: Southern Mexico to Costa Rica.

MEXxIco: Tabasco: Between Atasta and Tamulté, Rovirosa 781 (Ph).

GUATEMALA: Rio Chocén, Watson 212 (G, type).—Alta Verapaz:

Chamiquin, Tiirckheim 545 (B). Semacoch, Goll 270 (N). Pansa-

mala, Tiirckheim 986 (B, BM, G, N). Cubiliquitz, Tiirckheim II.

188 (N), 7745 (N), 8213 (N). Coban, Tiirckheim 2480 (N). Finca

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 421

Mocca, H. Johnson 93 (N). Chama, H. Johnson 471 (N), 511 (N).—

Baja Verapaz: Panzal, Tiirckheim II.1725 (N).

Honpburas: Lancetilla Valley, Standley 52914 (N). Rio Espe-

ranza, Wilson 445 (Y). Cuyamel, Carleton 436 (N).

BRITISH HONDURAS: Toledo, Peck 663 (G, Y). Machaca, Schipp

1215 (Gen, Mich).

Costa Rica: Villa Colén, M. Valerio 1318 (F). Cairo, Limén,

Standley & Valerio 48672 (N).

257. Passiflora loretensis Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 21: 349.

1931.

Plant essentially glabrous throughout; stem terete, striate;

stipules semi-oblong, 13 to 18 mm. long, 6 to 7 mm. wide, oblique,

obtuse and mucronulate at apex, the midnerve slightly excentric;

petioles 1.5 to 2 cm. long, bearing 2 pairs of subulate glands, one

pair near apex, the other near middle, the glands 1.5 mm. long;

leaves lanceolate, 10 to 12 cm. long, 5.5 to 6 em. wide, acuminate

at apex, cordulate and subpeltate at base, entire, 7-nerved, retictilate-

veined (nerves and veins strongly elevated beneath), coriaceous,

sparsely pilosulous on nerves beneath, concolorous; peduncles 1.5

to 3.5 em. long, articulate about 5 mm. from apex; bracts cordate-

ovate, 2 to 2.5 cm. long, 1 to 1.5 em. wide, acuminate or abruptly

acute, mucronulate, membranous, light green, persistent; flowers

about 5 cm. wide, pink(?); calyx tube broadly campanulate, about

6 mm. long, 10 to 15 mm. wide at throat; sepals oblong, 1.8 to

2 cm. long, 6 to 8 mm. wide, obtuse, cucullate toward apex, carinate,

the keel terminating in an awn 4 to 5 mm. long; petals slightly

shorter than sepals; corona filaments in 5 series, filiform, those of

the 2 outer series radiate, about 1.5 cm. long, pale pink, the inner

‘ones compact, 4 mm. long, deep pink; operculum membranous,

5 mm. long, fimbriate to middle, deep pink; nectar ring a low ridge;

limen tubular, 4 mm. long, closely surrounding base of gynophore,

crenulate; ovary broadly ovoid; fruit globose, about 5 cm. in diam-

eter, the exocarp coriaceous; seeds narrowly cuneate, 7 to 8 mm.

long, 2 to 3 mm. wide, coarsely reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: La Victoria, on Amazon River, Department of

Loreto, Peru.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality, in north-

eastern Peru.

422 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

PERU: Loreto: La Victoria, Amazon River, L. Williams 3086 (F,

N, type).

This is most closely related to P. Oerstedii, and though the differ-

ences seem slight when stated in a key, this single specimen of P.

loretensis appears much unlike any of the specimens of P. Oerstedii

at hand. The leaves are much thicker and are green on both sur-

faces. The bracts are larger.

258. Passiflora Rojasii Hassl. ex Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart.

Berlin 10: 812. 1929.

Stem slender, sparsely pilosulous or puberulous; stipules semi-

ovate-lanceolate, 1 to 2 cm. long, 0.8 to 0.4 cm. wide, cuspidate-

acuminate; petioles 1.5 to 3.5 em. long, bearing 4 to 8 filiform

glands about 1 mm. long; leaves oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lance-

olate, 7 to 10 em. long, 3.5 to 5 cm. wide, acute at apex, cordulate

or subtruncate at base, 5-nerved, glabrous above, puberulous or

pilosulous and glaucescent beneath; peduncles solitary, about 3.5

cm. long; bracts deltoid-ovate, 1 to 1.2 em. long, 7 to 8 mm. wide,

cordate at base, sessile, borne about 6 mm. below base of flower;

flowers 7 to 8 cm. wide (expanded); calyx tube campanulate, 7 to 8

mm. long, about 12 mm. wide; sepals oblong-lanceolate, 3.5 to 4

cm. long, 7 to 8 mm. wide, dorsally awned just below apex, the awn

5 to 6 mm. long; petals linear, slightly shorter than sepals; corona

filaments in 5 series, those of the 2 outer series filiform, 2.5 to 3 cm.

long, those of the 3 inner ones about 5 mm. long, minutely capi-

tellate; operculum 6 to 7 mm. high, filamentose in upper third; nectar

ring annular; ovary ovoid, glabrous, pruinose.

TYPE LOCALITY: Sierra de Amambay, Paraguay.

DISTRIBUTION: Bolivia, central Brazil, and Paraguay.

BouiviA: Antahuacana, Espiritu Santo, 750 meters, Buchtien

4652 (N).

BRAZIL: Matto Grosso: Santa Anna, Malme in 1902 (S).

PARAGUAY: Sierra de Amambay, Rojas (Hassler 10305; B,

type, BM).

The differences between this species and P. Oerstedii are perhaps

too slight, but it is improbable that the species of northwestern

South America extends into Paraguay. The Bolivian specimen

seems intermediate between typical P. Rojasiz and P. praeacuia,

having an indument somewhat similar to that of the latter.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 423

Series 14. Lobatae

259. Passiflora Gardneri Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt. 1: 614.

1872.

Stem subterete, villous; stipules semi-ovate, 4 to 6 mm. long,

4 to 5 mm. wide, aristate, rounded at base, subfaleate; petioles up

to 2.5 em. long, villous, biglandular at apex and at middle, the glands

orbicular, sessile; leaves 5 to 8 cm. long, 6 to 9.5 em. wide, 3-lobed

to middle (lobes ovate-lanceolate, 1.5 to 2.5 em. wide, obtuse,

eglandular in sinuses), cordate, entire, 5-nerved, membranous, villous

above, tomentose beneath; peduncles up to 4 em. long, slender;

bracts lanceolate, about 2 cm. long, 5 to 7 mm. wide, borne at base

of flower; flowers 5 to 6 cm. wide, light blue; calyx tube campanulate;

corona filaments in 4 or 5 series, the outermost filiform, 7 to 9 mm.

long, those of the succeeding series 1 to 2 mm. long; operculum erect,

filamentose nearly to base; ovary subglobose, glabrous, glaucous-

pruinose.

TYPE LOCALITY: Almas, State of Piauhy, Brazil.

DISTRIBUTION: East-central Brazil. ’

BRAZIL: Vilha Béa, Pohl 2484 (V).—Piauhy: Almas, Gardner

3193 (Kew, type).

This species is at once distinguished from its near relatives of

this group by the character of its indument. The leaves are strik-

ingly similar in outline and pubescence to those of P. setacea, but

the foliaceous stipules and much shorter peduncles, as well as a

wholly dissimilar coronal structure, clearly differentiate it.

260. Passiflora caerulea L. Sp. Pl. 959. 1753.

Granadilla caerulea Medic. Malvenfam. 96. 1787.

(?) Passiflora Selloi Dehnhardt, Riv. Napolitan. I, 3: 180; Walp.

Repert. 2: 220. 1843.

Passiflora caerulea var. angustifolia G. Don, Hist. Pl. Dichl. 3:

53. 1834.

Passiflora caerulea var. glaucophylla G. Don, Hist. Pl. Dichl. 3:

53. 1834.

Passiflora caerulea var. Regnelliit Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18,

pt. 1: 617. 1872.

Passiflora caerulea var. glauca Mast. in Mart. FI. Bras. 13, pt. 1:

617. 1872.

Passiflora caerulea var. imbricata Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 13,

pt. 1: 617. 1872.

424 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Plant glabrous and often glaucous throughout; stem subangular,

striate, grooved; stipules semi-ovate, attached near middle of side

(hence, subreniform), 1 to 2 em. long, 0.5 to 1 cm. wide, aristate or

mucronulate, remotely dentate or denticulate or subentire; petioles

1.5 to 4 em. long, bearing 2 to 4 (rarely up to 6) stipitate glands;

leaves palmately 5 (occasionally 3, 7, or 9) -lobed two-thirds their

length or usually nearly to base (lobes linear-oblong to broadly ovate-

oblong, up to 10 cm. long, 0.5 to 2.5 em. wide, obtuse or emarginate,

occasionally acutish, mucronulate, entire, 2—4-glandular in the

sinuses, sometimes overlapping), cordate, membranous; peduncles

3 to 7 cm. long, slender or more usually stout; bracts broadly ovate

to ovate-oblong, 1.5 to 2.5 cm. long, 1 to 1.5 cm. wide, rounded at

apex, borne close to flower base, thin-membranous, pale green;

flowers up to 10 cm. wide; calyx tube cup-shaped; sepals lance-

oblong or oblong, 1.5 to 2 cm. long, 1 to 1.5 em. wide, obtuse, sub-

coriaceous, green without, white or pinkish within, faintly keeled

dorsally, the keel terminating in a slender awn up to 5 mm. long;

petals oblong, 1.5 to 2.5 cm. long, 1 to 1.5 cm. wide, obtuse, mem-

branous, white or pinkish; corona filaments in 4 series, those of the

outer 2 varying from scarcely half as long (about 6 mm. and very

slender) to fully as long as the petals, filiform (those of second series

slightly the coarser), radiate, blue at apex, white at middle, purple

at base, those of the inner 2 series 1 to 2 mm. long, capitellate, erect,

white, purplish at apex; operculum membranous up to one-third its

length, white, filamentose above, the filaments 3 to 4 mm. long, erect,

dark purple; nectar ring a fleshy, dark purple ridge; limen cup-

shaped, white, closely surrounding base of gynophore, crenulate;

ovary ovoid or subglobose, pruinose; fruit ovoid or subglobose, about

6 cm. long, 4 cm. in diameter, orange-color or yellow; seeds obcordate

or cuneate, about 5 mm. long, 3.5 to 4 mm. wide, coarsely reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil, the type seen in the Linnean Herbarium..

ILLUSTRATIONS: Amoen. Acad. 1: pl. 10, f. 20; Bot. Mag. 1: pl. 28;

Cav. Diss. 10: pl. 295; Lam. Tab. Encyel. pl. 732; Bot. Reg. 6: pl.

488; Gard. Chron. n. ser. 21: 701. f. 133. 1884; III. 48: 186. f. 77;

Bailey, Cycl. Amer. Hort. 12238. f. 1653; Stand. Cycl. Hort. 2484.

f. 2772; L’Hort. Frang. II. 6: pl. 1.

DISTRIBUTION: Brazil south to Argentina; also cultivated in

Mexico, British Guiana, western South America, and other parts

of the world.

CALIFORNIA: Pacific Beach, cultivated, Kuwmm in 1928 (N).

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 425

Mexico: Schnée in 1894 (P).—Puebla: Puebla, cultivated,

Arséne 2329 (G, N).—Mexico: Valley of Mexico, Schaffner 136 (P).

BERMUDA: St. Georges, cultivated, Brown, Britton & Worthley

1783 (Y); Brown, Britton & Bisset 2153 (Y).

BRITISH GUIANA: Cultivated, Jenman 7266 (BG).

Peru: Dombey 740 (Gen, P).—Lima: Lima Botanical Garden,

Killip & Smith 21580 (N, Y).—Taena: Taena, cultivated, Rusby 489

(F,.G, N, Y)..

CHILE: Née 382 (Ma).—Concepcioén: Taleahuana, cultivated,

Poeppig 34 (P), 71 (Gen), D. 443 (V).

BRAZIL: Hoffmannsegg (V).—Ceara: Sertéio de Caridade, Ducke

2137 (Go).—Minas Geraes: Caldas, Regnell III.636 (K, type of P.

caerulea var. Regnellii, N, S); Mosén 4492 (S).—Parana: Marechal

Mallet, Dusén 3037 (N,S). Calmon, Dusén 9371 (S). Guarapuava,

Dusén 11066 (S).—Rio Grande do Sul: Gaudichaud in 18338 (P).

Neu Wiirttenburg, Bornmiiller 600 (Gen, Ut, V). Porto Alegre,

Lindman 245 (N, S); Reineck in 1899 (V). P

PARAGUAY: Kunize in 1892 (Y); Jorgensen 2841 (Mo). Ypacaray,

Hassler 12319 (Cop, G). Caaguazi, Hassler 9424 (Gen, P, V).

Cordillera de Altos, Hassler 12309 (G, Gen, N). San Estanislao,

Hassler 4268 (Bo, Gen, P). Paraguari, Balansa 2203 (Gen); Lind-

man A3581 (S); Ostén 8924 (S). Rio Pileomayo, Lindman in 1893

(S). Villa Rica, Jérgensen 3787 (N). Rio La Plata, Palmer (N).

Asuncién, Morong 141 (Y). La Trinidad, Balansa 2204, in part

(Bo, Gen). Tacural, Hassler 1240 (Bo, P). Campo Grande, Archer

4942 (N).

Uruauay: Sello in 1828 (N). Banda Oriental, St. Hilaire 2291

(P). Cerro Melona, Fruchard in 1875 (P). San José, Herter 718b

(Gen, Ut). Montevideo, Fruchard (P); Courbon in 1850 (P). Ribera,

Archer 4455 (N).

ARGENTINA: Las Palmas, Jérgensen 2615 (G, N).—Salta: Campo

Grande, Oran, Venturi 7630 (N). Cerro de San Lorenzo, Venturi

5092. (N).—Chaco: Fontana, Meyer 159 (N).—Cérdoba: Cérdoba,

Stuckert 151 (Gen), 4791 (Gen), 4965 (Gen), 9122 (Gen), 9754 (Gen),

14003 (Gen), 14689 (Gen); Lorentz 174 (B, Bo, Brux, Gen, V);

Hieronymus 90 (Gen), 222 (P).—Santa Fé: Reconquista, Job 855

(N).—Corrientes: Mercedes, Lorentz in 1881 (Gen).—Misiones:

Posadas, Archer 4614 (N).—Buenos Aires: Buenos Aires, Bacle 30

(Gen); Parodi (Archer 4592; N).

426 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Passiflora caerulea is one of the hardiest and most commonly

cultivated of the passion-flowers. Doubtless hybrids of this and

other close relatives are developed naturally. In Jorgensen 3787

and Hassler 9424 many of the leaves are 3-lobed, with relatively

broad lobes, but the flowers are typical of the short-corona forms

of P. caerulea, suggesting that it is a hybrid of P. caerulea and

perhaps P. tucumanensis. As in the case of P. edulis, P. quadrangu-

laris, and other extensively cultivated species, herbarium specimens

show considerable variation. In the present paper, which deals

primarily with native species, I am making no attempt to segregate

the forms which doubtless represent horticultural hybrids or chance

reversion to earlier forms. Horticultural hybrids of this with

P. alata, P. kermesina, P. racemosa, and other species have been

developed. The plant is probably indigenous to Brazil, Uruguay,

and Paraguay.

In typical P. caerulea the leaves are 5-lobed, the lobes narrowly

oblong. The lower pair of lobes are occasionally once or twice

lobed, the lobes over-lapping. The same difference in the relative

length of the outer corona filaments to the petals, noted in the case

of P. edulis, is seen here, but this difference seems in no way correlated

with other characters. The type specimen in the Linnean Her-

barium has relatively short corona filaments, a condition represented

by Regnell III.636, the type of P. caerulea var. Regnellii, and Lind-

man 8581. In Lindman 245 the filaments are fully 2 cm. long, nearly

as long as the petals.

LOCAL NAMES: ‘‘Passion-flower’” (English-speaking countries) ;

“‘pasionaria’”’ (Spanish America); “burucuya,” “viricuja’” (Uru-

guay, Paraguay); “murucuaé guarani’’ (Paraguay); “‘murucuya”’

(Argentina).

261. Passiflora Mooreana Hook. f. Bot. Mag. 66: pl. 3773. 1840.

(?)Passiflora Nelli Regel, Fl. Allg. Bot. Zeit. 32: 184. 1849.

(?)Passiflora Tweediana Speg. Anal. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 6:

350. 1899, name only.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem subangular, stout, slightly

scabrous, glaucescent; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 2 to 4 cm. long,

0.6 to 1 em. wide, acuminate, cuspidate, rounded at base, oblique,

entire, often undulate at base, or serrate, 1-nerved, conspicuously

reticulate-veined, coriaceous; petioles 7 mm. long or less, biglandular

above middle, the glands about 2 mm. wide, sessile; leaves 7 to 12 cm.

long, 8 to 10 cm. wide, 3-lobed two-thirds to four-fifths their length

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 427

(lobes narrowly oblong-lanceolate, 1 to 1.5 em., rarely up to 2 cm.,

wide, acute or obtuse, mucronulate, 2—5-glandular in the sinuses,

the glands auricular, up to 2 mm. long), cuneate at base, 5-nerved

(nerves elevated beneath), conspicuously reticulate-veined, coriace-

ous; peduncles 1 to 1.5 cm. long; bracts ovate-lanceolate, 2 to 3 cm.

long, 1 to 2 cm. wide, acuminate, cordate, serrate, 1-nerved, reticu-

late-veined, coriaceous; flowers about 6 cm. wide; calyx tube cam-

panulate; sepals oblong, 6 to 8 mm. wide, obtuse, green without,

white within, concave, slightly carinate, the keel terminating in a

short mucro; petals oblong, as long as the sepals, about 1 cm. wide,

obtuse, white; corona filaments in 2 series, the outer subequal to

petals, blue, banded with deep purple near middle, white at base,

the inner very short, deep blue; operculum membranous, erect,

filamentose nearly to base; limen tubular, erect, crenulate at margin;

ovary globose; fruit ovoid, yellow; seeds ovate, about 4 mm. long,

3 mm. wide, reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Argentina, “‘remote parts of the interior.”

ILLUSTRATION: Bot. Mag. 66: pl. 3773.

DISTRIBUTION: Southern Bolivia, Paraguay, and northern Afgen-

tina, at low elevations.

BOLIVIA: El Chaco: Rio Pilecomayo, Fries 1666 (S). Ibibobo,

Troll 465 (B).

PARAGUAY: Chaco Grande, Pride (K).

ARGENTINA: Rio Plata, Palmer in 1858-1856 (N). Santa Fé,

Harman in 1884 (K).—Salta: Tartagal, Venturi 7628 (N).—Tucu-

man: Santiago del Estero, Tweedie 2524 (BM, K, type).—Formosa:

Las Lomitas, Parodi 8403 (G).—Chaco: Las Brenas, Venturi 9752

(BM, G, K, Mo, N). Rio Saenz Pefia, Meyer 2047 (N).—Cérdoba:

Cérdoba, Stiibel 4 (B); Kuntze in 1891 (F, N, Y); Lorentz 75 (B),

175 (V); Hieronymus 109 (B), 223 (B, Gen, P), 224 (B, P); Stuckert

5060 (Gen), 7959 (Gen), 15194 (Gen). Paraiso, Stuckert 2302 (Gen);

Lossen 199 (G, Ph).—Buenos Aires: Stuckert 11195 (Gen).

Though keying out to this complex group, P. Mooreana is readily

distinguished from its relatives by coriaceous, nearly sessile leaves,

cuneate at the base, and large, acuminate, coriaceous bracts. A

much simpler coronal structure is represented here than in near allies.

262. Passiflora dalechampioides Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci.

17: 429. 1927.

Plant glabrous throughout, stipules semi-oblong, 1.5 to 3.5 em.

long, 7 to 15 mm. wide, acute, mucronulate, rounded at base, oblique,

428 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

attached laterally near base; petioles 2 to 3.5 cm. long, bearing 6 to

9 short-stipitate glands on dorsal side; leaves trisect to within 2 mm.

of base (segments lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 3.5 to 10 cm. long,

1 to 3.5 em. wide, acuminate, mucronulate, glandular-serrulate in

sinuses, often overlapping), cordate at base, 3—5-nerved, reticulate-

veined, subcoriaceous, sublustrous; peduncles 3.5 to 10 cm. long,

articulate just below apex; bracts oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 1 to

1.2 em. long, 5 to 6 mm. wide, acute, mucronulate, thin-membranous,

glaucous, borne at point of articulation; flowers about 4.5 cm. wide,

“‘greenish blue’’; calyx tube short-campanulate; sepals linear-oblong,

about 2 cm. long, 6 to 8 mm. wide, cucullate and short-awned at

apex; petals linear, about 1 cm. long and 3 mm. wide; corona fila-

ments in 3 series, the outermost filiform, about 7 mm. long, those

of the 2 inner series capillary, 2 to 3 mm. long; operculum mem-

branous, 2 mm. high, denticulate; nectar ring a short membrane;

limen tubular, adnate to base of gynophore; ovary ovoid; fruit ovoid,

4 em. long, 2 em. wide (probably larger), the pericarp coriaceous;

seeds obovate-oblong, about 5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Coroico, Yungas, Bolivia.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality, in north-

central Bolivia.

Bo.iviA: La Paz: Coroico, Bang 2441 (G, K, N, type, Y).

This collection was identified by Masters as P. trisulca. The

leaves bear a general resemblance to that species, though they are

much more deeply lobed, and the petiolar glands are more numerous.

The flowers are smaller, the outer corona filaments filiform, not

liguliform, and the operculum merely denticulate. The shape of

the leaves suggests rather P. Weberbaweri, a wholly different species

of the subgenus Granadillastrum.

263. Passiflora cornuta Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt. 1: 612.

1872.

Plant essentially glabrous throughout; stem terete; stipules semi-

oblong-lanceolate, 1.5 to 2.5 cm. long, 0.5 to 1 cm. wide, oblique,

cuspidate-acuminate, rounded at base; petioles 3 to 5 cm. long,

slender, 2-4-glandular near middle, the glands short-stipitate; leaves

5 to 7 em. long, 6 to 10 cm. wide, 3-lobed to or slightly beyond middle

(lobes oblong-lanceolate, 1.5 to 3 cm. wide, obtusish, minutely mu-

cronulate, biglandular at sinuses), cordate and subpeltate at base,

5-nerved, thin-membranous, green above, glaucescent beneath,

glabrous or very sparingly pilosulous above and on nerves beneath;

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 429

peduncles 4 to 8 cm. long, stout; bracts oblong, 1.5 to 2.5 em. long,

1 to 1.3 cm. wide, acutish and mucronulate at apex, cordate, con-

spicuously 1-nerved, thin-chartaceous, glaucous, persistent; flowers

about 5 cm. wide; calyx tube broadly campanulate; sepals oblong,

obtuse, cucullate, dorsally foliaceous-awned; petals oblong, subequal

to sepals, purplish; corona 4-ranked, the outer 2 rows of filaments

narrowly ligulate, slightly shorter than the petals, the inner filaments

capillary, 2.5-3 mm. long, minutely capitate, erect; operculum

tubular, membranous at base, filamentose above, bearing minute,

dentiform processes within; nectar rings 2, rather remote from each

other; limen tubular, laxly surrounding base of gynophore, crenulate

at margin; ovary ovoid, tomentose.

TYPE LOCALITY: Porto Imperial, Goyaz, Brazil.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality, in central

Brazil.

BRAZIL: Goyaz: Porto Imperial, Burchell 8537 (K, type, N, P, Y).

This and the following species of the series Lobatae constitute

one of the most complex groups in the entire genus. In the general

outline of the leaves, stipules, and bracts the species bear a glose

resemblance to one another. The leaves are 3-lobed nearly to or to

slightly beyond the middle, the lobes being subequal and usually

glandular-serrulate in the sinuses; petiolar glands are usually present,

varying in number from two to nine; the stipules are semi-ovate,

semi-oblong, or semi-lanceolate, attached laterally at a point from

near their base to near their middle (in the latter case, the stipules

appear nearly reniform); the bracts are large, usually thin-mem-

branous and glaucous, and all three are borne at the point of articula-

tion of the peduncle; the flowers are showy, and have a complex

coronal structure.

Masters keyed out these species into certain main groups, but

the characters which he used, i.e., the relative length of the peduncles

to the petioles, and of the outer corona filaments to the petals,

are unsatisfactory; indeed, these proportions vary even within a

single species. Better distinguishing characters for the grouping

of the species appear to be (1) whether the sepals terminate in a

broad, leaflike awn or in a minute mucro; (2) whether the bracts

are borne close to or remote from the base of the flower; (3) whether

the operculum is filamentose or merely fimbrillate or denticulate;

(4) whether the petiolar glands are stipitate or sessile.

Many of the species were described originally from living plants

introduced into British conservatories, and the points of difference

430 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

between the species were thus far more evident than in the case ©

of dried herbarium material. In treating the Brazilian species of

this group I have fortunately had the opportunity of examining

the large collections in European herbaria, material from southeastern

South America in American herbaria being scant. However, as it

was not possible always to make the necessary floral dissections in

Europe, further study of this group, with all available material at

hand at one time, is essential.

264. Passiflora violacea Vell. Fl. Flumin. 9: pl. 84. 1827, figure

only; M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 177. 1846.

Passiflora Bangit Mast. Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 4: 363. 1907.

Passiflora laminensis Barb. Rodr. Contr. Jard. Bot. Rio de

Janeiro 4: 95. pl. 18. 1907.

Plant essentially glabrous throughout, except ovary; stem terete ©

or subangular; stipules ovate-oblong, 1.5 to 3.5 em. long, 0.8 to 1.5

cm. wide, oblique, cuspidate, subcrenulate; petioles up to 5 cm. long,

3-8-glandular, the glands short-stipitate; leaves up to 12 cm. along

midnerve and 15 cm. between apices of lateral lobes, 3-lobed two-

thirds to four-fifths their length (lobes variable, ovate-oblong or

oblong-lanceolate, 1.5 to 4 cm. wide, acutish or obtusish, the lateral

horizontally divaricate or ascending), cordulate and subpeltate at

base, 5~7-nerved, entire or slightly glandular-serrulate in sinuses

between lobes and at base, membranous or: subcoriaceous, often

lustrous above and usually turning black on drying, usually glauces-

cent beneath; peduncles 5 to 15 cm. long, rather stout; bracts elliptic-

oblong, 1 to 1.2 cm. long, 6 to 8 mm. wide, 1-nerved, narrowed at

base, dark purplish when dry, borne within 5 mm. of flower base;

flowers up to 10 cm. wide; calyx tube short-campanulate; sepals

oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 7 to 10 mm. wide, obtuse, dorsally

long-awned (awn foliaceous, 8 to 13 mm. long), glaucous-pruinose

without, purple within; petals oblong-lanceolate, as wide as and

somewhat shorter than the sepals, obtuse, purplish blue; corona

filaments in 6 or 7 series, those of the 2 outer radiate, as long as the

petals, ligulate at base, attenuate-subulate at apex, white below,

violet above, the succeeding 4 or 5 rows of filaments capillary, 3 to

6 mm. long, dark purple; operculum 8 to 10 mm. long, erect, fila-

mentose about two-thirds its length, bearing within near base several

minute, dentiform processes; nectar ring a low ridge; limen cupuli-

form, closely surrounding the base of the gynophore; ovary ovoid,

ferruginous-villous-tomentose, the hairs hyaline.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 431

TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil (Rio de Janeiro?).

ILLUSTRATIONS: Vell. Fl. Flumin. 9: pl. 84; Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt.1:

pl. 123; Bot. Mag. 114: pl. 6997; Contr. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 4:

pl. 18; Rev. Hort. 57: opp. p. 468.

DISTRIBUTION: Bolivia; eastern Brazil, from Minas Geraes south

to Santa Catharina, and Paraguay.

BoLiviA: Bang 2224 (B, BM, type of P. Bangii, Bo, CM, G, Gen,

Minn, N, Ph, V, Y).—La Paz: Nequejahuira, 2,600 meters, G H. H.

Tate 655 (Y). Sirupaya, 2,100 meters, Buchtien 229 (N).—Cocha-

bamba: Incacorral, 2,400 meters, Steinbach 9823 (G, K, S).

BRAZIL: Sello 1149 (B), 2130 (B); Mendonca 1043 (B); Pohl 922

(K). Serra de Chrystaes, Pohl 1018 (V).—Minas Geraes: Widgren

574 (N,S). Lagdéa Santa, Claussen 378 (P); St. Hilaire 988 (P), 1623

(P); Warming 1152 (Cop). Caldas, Regnell I.164 (B, Brux, Cop, K,

N, P, S); Mosén 1856 (S). Vicosa, 650 meters, Chase 9460 (B, N);

Mexia 4183 (N), 5454a (N). Serra de Itatiaia, Dusén 97 (N, S).

Barroso, Mexia 4448 (Gen, N). Bello Horizonte, Barreto 863 (N).—

Rio de Janeiro: Corcovado, Guwillemin 834 (P). Petropolis, Glaziou

8721 (B, Cop, K, P). Nova Friburgo, Glaziou 18256 (B, K, P).

Rio de Janeiro, De Moura 504 (B), 505 (B).—Sao Paulo: Puiggart

(P); Brade 8336 (B).—Santa Catharina: Itajahy, Miiller 430 (K).

Paracuay: Igatimi, Hassler 4739 (BM, Bo, Gen, K, V).

Possibly more than one species is represented by the material

here listed, wide differences being noted in the shape of the leaves

and length of the peduncles. Velloso’s figure shows rather narrow,

acutish leaf lobes, very stout peduncles 15 to 20 cm. long, and a

pubescent ovary; the petiolar glands are not well drawn. Chase

9460, Glaziou 8721, and Puiggari (without number) appear to be

the typical P. violacea of Velloso. The petiolar glands number

from four to eight, and are stipitate. In Warming 1152 and Miller

430 the leaves are thinner and the lobes proportionately broader.

In Widgren 574 and Regnell I.164 the peduncles are shorter, 4 to

6 em. long, and more slender, and these plants approach P. amethys-

tina. The Bolivian material, described as P. Bangit, differs from

the Warming specimen only in somewhat shorter peduncles. In

the Paraguay specimen the peduncles are rather slender and the

awns of the sepals shorter.

The three species, P. violacea, P. cornuta, and P. amethystina,

are very closely related, the differences noted in the key apparently

being the only distinguishing marks.

432 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Lehmann 4834, from Loja, Ecuador, cited (Bot. Jahrb. 18:

Beibl. 46: 10. 1894) as P. violacea, is P. Sprucei.

265. Passiflora amethystina Mikan, Delect. Fl. & Faun. Bras.

Fasc. 4: second unnumbered plate. 1825.

Passiflora onychina Lindl. Bot. Reg. 24: pl. 21. 1838.

Decaloba onychina M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 162. 1846.

Passiflora lilacina M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 177. 1846,

as synonym.

Stem slender, wiry, terete, sparingly and finely pilosulous, or

glabrous; stipules semi-ovate-lanceolate, 0.5 to 1 cm. long, 2 to 4

mm. wide, aristate, rounded at base; petioles 2 to 4.5 cm. long,

5-8-glandular, the glands short-stipitate, barely 0.5 mm. long,

scattered; leaves up to 6 cm. along midnerve and 10 cm. between

apices of lateral lobes, 3-lobed to slightly below middle (lobes oblong,

up to 3 cm. wide, obtuse, minutely biglandular in sinuses), shallowly

cordate and often subpeltate at base, 5-nerved, membranous,

glabrous, glaucescent beneath, the upper surface often turning very

dark in drying; peduncles 2.5 to 5 cm. long; bracts narrowly lance-

olate, remotely glandular-serrulate, borne close to base of flower;

flowers 6 to 8 cm. wide; calyx tube short-campanulate, green; sepals

oblong, 5 to 6 mm. wide, carinate (keel terminating in an awn 4 to

5 mm. long), bright blue within, green without; petals oblong,

slightly longer than the sepals, 6 to 8 mm. wide, obtuse, bright

blue; corona 4—5-ranked, the 2 outer rows of filaments narrowly

liguliform, about two-thirds as long as the sepals, 1 mm. wide or

more, strongly compressed, 1-nerved, deep reddish purple in lower

third, white, blue-maculate in middle third, pale reddish purple in

upper third, the succeeding filaments filiform, about 3 mm. long,

capitate, erect, dark purple; operculum membranous at base, fila-

mentose at least four-fifths its length, the filaments 6 to 7 mm. long,

purple; nectar ring annular; limen cupuliform, laxly surrounding

base of gynophore; ovary ovoid, ferruginous-villous-tomentose; fruit

ellipsoidal, 5 to 6 cm. long, 2 to 2.5 cm. in diameter, glabrescent.

TYPE LOCALITY: Tocaja, Brazil (type collected by Mikan).

ILLUSTRATIONS: Mikan, Delect. FI. & Faun. Bras. Fase. 4: second

unnumbered plate; Bot. Reg. 24: pl. 21; Bot. Mag. 67: pl. 3820.

DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Brazil, from Minas Geraes to Sao Paulo.

BRAZIL(?): Plant cultivated in England, Traill (K, type of

P. onychina).

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 433

BRAZIL: Sello 709 (B), 920 (BM), 2131 (B). Barranca de Tuct,

Martius (Brux).—Minas Geraes: Widgren 713 (Brux).—Rio de

Janeiro: Warming 1184 (Cop); Widgren 712 (Brux), 910 (S). Cor-

— eovado, Miers (K). Nova Friburgo, Claussen 33 (P). Tijuca, Glaziou

7649 (Cop, K, N, P); Chase 12163 (N). Gavea, Glaziow 6550 (Cop,

P).—S4o Paulo: Serra de Caracol, Mosén 1327 (S). Campinas, Heiner

116 (S). S&o Paulo, Léfgren 628 (Cop).—Parana: Dusén 15487 (N).

Roca Nova, Dusén 8252 (S). Itaperussi, Dusén in 1912 (S).

Ypiranga, Dusén 8301 (S).—Santa Catharina: Rio Uruguay, Dusén

11860 (BM, Gen, 8).

ARGENTINA: Buenos Aires, steed Andersson in 1852 (S).

In herbaria P. amethystina is distinguished from P. violacea only

with difficulty, though perhaps in a living state the two are readily

separable. Certainly, from the illustrations in the Botanical Register

and the Botanical Magazine the two would never be confused.

Passiflora amethystina has shorter and slenderer peduncles, and

smaller stipules and sepal awns, and the corona is in fewer ranks, the

filaments of the two outer ones being coarser.

266. Passiflora picturata Ker, Bot. Reg. 8: pl. 673. 1822.

Passiflora guianensis Mey. ex Miq. Linnaea 18: 751. 1844.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete; stipules semi-ovate,

1.5 to 2.5 em. long, 0.6 to 1 em. wide, aristate; petioles slender,

up to 3 em. long, 2-6-glandular, the glands filiform, 1 to 1.5 mm.

long; leaves 3-lobed to or slightly below middle (or a few sometimes

unlobed; lobes ovate, rounded or subacute, mucronulate, often

glandular in the sinuses), 2 to 6 cm. long, 3 to 7 cm. wide, sub-

peltate, subcordate or usually rounded at base, thin-membranous,

bright green above, purplish beneath; peduncles stout, 5 to 12 em.

long, about twice as long as the adjacent leaves; bracts borne 3 mm.

below base of flower, elliptic, 1.5 to 2.5 cm. long, 8 to 12 mm. wide,

obtuse, aristulate, tapering at base to a stalk about 2 mm. long;

flowers up to 10 cm. wide; calyx tube broadly campanulate, about

5 mm. long, 15 mm. wide; sepals linear-oblong, about 2.5 em. long

and 1 em. wide, slightly concave, green without, white, blue, or

violet within, fleshy, keeled, the keel terminating in a foliaceous

awn 5 to 8 mm. long; petals oblong, 1.5 to 2.5 em. long, 1 to 1.2 em.

wide, obtuse, pinkish or violet; corona filaments in 2 series, the

outer subtrigonous, 0.5 to 1.5 em. long, transversely banded with

violet and white, the inner 3 to 5 mm. long; operculum filamentose

nearly to base, the filaments erect, 5 to 10 mm. long, reddish; nectar

434 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

ring annular, fleshy; limen about 5 mm. high, adnate to the gyno-

phore; ovary ovoid, pruinose; fruit globose, 3 to 3.5 cm. in diameter;

seeds obovate, 4 to 5 mm. long and 2 to 3 mm. wide, coarsely

reticulate.

—————

ee ee a oe

TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil, the type from a plant cultivated in ©

England.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot. Reg. 8: pl. 673; Bot. Cab. 11: pl. 1050.

DISTRIBUTION: Surinam to Para, Brazil. -

SURINAM: Hering (Leid, N, Ph); Berthoud-Coulon 512 (BM).

Paramaribo, Kappler 1595 (BM, P, 8, Ut, type of P. ional |

Wullschligel 212 (Brux, V).

BRAZIL: Parad: Belem, Jobert 69 (P). Aramanahy, Monteiro da |

Costa (F, N).

Distinctly stalked bracts separate this species from its near —

relatives. There appears to be much variation in the length of the

outer corona filaments. Passiflora guianensis was doubtfully referred

to P. quadriglandulosa by Masters.

267. Passiflora rubrotincta Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17:

429. 1927.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete, wiry, drying yellowish;

stipules subreniform, 1.5 to 2 cm. long, 0.5 to 0.8 em. wide, minutely

mucronulate at one end, rounded at the other, remotely crenulate

or subentire, coriaceous; petioles about 2 cm. long, glandless; leaves

4.5 to 8 em. long and wide, angulately 3-lobed (middle lobe ovate-

deltoid, 3 to 4 cm. long, 4 to 5 cm. wide at base, obtusish, the lateral

lobes less than half as long), distinctly peltate, truncate at lower

margin, 5-nerved, coriaceous, dark green and lustrous above, dull

and reddish beneath; peduncles 4 to 7 em. long, slender, articulate

about 2 mm. from apex; bracts cordate-ovate, about 1 cm. long and _

7 mm. wide, acute, mucronulate, reddish; flowers 4 to 5 em. wide;

calyx tube campanulate; sepals oblong-lanceolate, about 5 mm.

wide at base, coriaceous, dorsally awned just below apex, the awn

foliaceous, about 1 cm. long; petals linear-spatulate, slightly shorter

and narrower than the sepals; corona filaments filiform, in 3 (or 4?)

series, the inner barely 2.5 mm. long; operculum membranous and

nonplicate below, filamentose above, the filaments about 3 mm.

long; limen tubular, closely surrounding base of gynophore; ovary

ovoid.

TYPE LOCALITY: Bolivia.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 435

DISTRIBUTION: Known positively only from Cochabamba,

Bolivia.

BOLIVIA: Bang (Y, type).—Cochabamba: Socotal, Steinbach

9069 (B).

This and the following species are at once distinguished from

others of this group by the conspicuously peltate leaves.

268. Passiflora spectabilis Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 20:

379. 1930.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete, the younger portions

subangular; stipules semi-ovate or semi-oblong, 2 to 6 cm. long,

0.8 to 4 cm. wide, obtuse and mucronulate at apex (mucro up to

1.5 mm. long), rounded at base, entire or undulate, the midnerve

excentric; petioles 3 to 8 cm. long, bearing 2 subopposite (or 3

scattered), sessile, ovate glands about 1.5 mm. long; leaves 3-lobed

not more than to middle, 6 to 12 em. along midnerve, 5 to 10 cm.

along lateral nerves, 10 to 20 cm. wide (lobes broadly triangular,

obtuse or subacute), peltate 5 mm. from lower margin (at least the

older leaves), 5-nerved, subcoriaceous, glaucescent beneath; at

length green; peduncles solitary, 3 to 6 cm. long; bracts ovate,

6 to 7 mm. long, 2 to 3 mm. wide, acute at apex, narrowed at the

sessile base, borne 6 to 12 mm. from base of flower, green; flowers

5 to 7 cm. wide; sepals oblong, about 4 cm. long, 1 cm. wide, obtuse,

slightly carinate, short-awned (awn 0.5 to 1 mm. long), fleshy,

green without, light pink or white within; petals linear, about

2.5 em. long and 4 mm. wide, obtuse, light pink or white; corona

filaments filiform, very slender, in 4 series, those of the 2 outer

about 2.5 cm. long, blue, white at tips, those of the inner 2 to 2.5

mm. long, bifid at apex, white; operculum about 7 mm. high, fila-

mentose nearly to base, the filaments white, blue in upper third;

limen tubular, about 5 mm. high, closely surrounding base of gyno-

phore; ovary subglobose; fruit globose, 5 cm. in diameter, purplish

when ripe, edible; seeds obovate, about 8 mm. long, 5 mm. wide,

coarsely reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Iquitos, Department of Loreto, Peru.

DISTRIBUTION: Amazon basin of northeastern Peru.

PERU: Loreto: Mishuyacu, 100 meters, Killip & Smith 29884

(F, N, type, Y); Klug 242 (F, N, Y). Iquitos, Killip & Smith 27165

(F, N, Y), 29846 (N, Y).—Junin: Enefias, 1,600 meters, Kilip &

Smith 25764 (N, Y).

436 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

This is related to the Bolivian plant P. rubrotincta, in both species

the leaves: being peltate much farther from the margin than in the

case of other representatives of the subgenus Granadilla. Passiflora

spectabilis has proportionately broader leaves than P. rubrotincta,

smaller bracts, which are borne fully 6 mm. below the flower, and

very short sepal awns. It is perhaps even more closely related to

P. Garckei, a native of the Guianas. That species has longer awns

to the sepals and larger petiolar glands, and the leaves are at the

most only slightly peltate.

The position of the bracts is not constant in P. spectabilis, some-

times they are borne well below the base of the flower.

269. Passiflora subpeltata Ortega, Nov. Rar. Pl. Hort. Matrit.

6: 78. 1798.

Passiflora alba Link & Otto, Icon. Pl. Rar. 65. pl. 33. 1828.

Passiflora stipulata Aubl. sensu Griseb. Bonplandia 6: 7. 1858,

not Aubl.

Passiflora adenophylla Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 568.

1872.

Passiflora atomaria Planch. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 570.

1872.

Passiflora stipulata var. atomaria Planch. in Tr. & Planch. Ann.

Sci. Nat. V. Bot. 17: 158. 1878.

Passiflora lutea L. sensu Sessé & Moc. Fl. Mex. 228. 1887. Not

P. lutea L.

Plant essentially glabrous throughout; stem terete, striate;

stipules semi-oblong, 1 to 4 cm. long, 0.5 to 2 em. wide, mucronulate,

entire, glandular-crenulate at base; petioles 4 to 6 em. long, slender,

bearing 2 to 4 minute, ligulate glands 0.5 to 1 mm. long; leaves

4 to 9 em. long, 5 to 12 em. wide, 3-lobed to or to below middle

(lobes oblong, up to 4 cm. wide, rounded or obtuse, minutely mu-

cronulate, glandular-serrulate in sinuses, the glands frequently

obsolescent), subcordate and often subpeltate at base, glabrous or

slightly pulverulent above, glabrous beneath; peduncles 4 to 6 cm.

long; bracts ovate-oblong, 1 to 1.5 cm. long, about 1 cm. wide, acute

or obtuse, cordate and slightly serrulate at base, borne just below

base of flowers; flowers 4 to 5 cm. wide; sepals oblong, 0.5 to 1 cm.

wide, obtuse, green without, white within, carinate, the keel terminat-

ing in a green, foliaceous horn about 1 em. long, 1 to 2 mm. thick;

petals linear-oblong, subequal to sepals; corona filaments white, in

5 series, those of the 2 outer up to 2 em. long, subequaling the

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 437

petals or rarely half as long, filiform, spreading, the succeeding 2 series

erect, about 2 mm. long, capitellate, the innermost series capillary,

erect, 4 mm. long; operculum membranous, erect or somewhat

incurved, about 2.5 mm. high, denticulate or fimbrillate; nectar

ring narrow; limen tubular, closely surrounding gynophore, the

margin reflexed, crenulate; ovary ovoid, glaucous; fruit ovoid or

subglobose, 2.5 to 4 em. in diameter; seeds obovate, flattened, about

5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, the beak slightly curved, finely reticulate

with 25 to 30 meshes.

TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico (probably Cuernavaca), the type seen

at Madrid.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Link & Otto, Icon. Pl. Rar. pl. 33; Gard. Chron.

n. ser. 19: 693. f. 15. 1883; Rev. Hort. 56: pl. opp. p. 36. 1884; Mutis,

Icon. Pl. Ined. 26: pl. 9, (?)pl. 27.

DISTRIBUTION: Central Mexico, through Central America to

Colombia and Venezuela, between sea level and 2,800 meters alti-

tude; also in Cuba and Haiti, where probably introduced. Culti-

vated in Hawaii. P

MExIco: Sessé & Mocitio 4464 (Bo, Ma, type of P. lutea sensu

Sessé & Moc.); Sehiede 53 (B, P); Ocampo in 1841 (P); Liebmann

4073 (Cop), 4074 (Cop); Haenke 851 (Pr), 869 (Pr). Between

Ciudad Real and Cacaté, Linden 857 (Bo, Gen, K, type of P. adeno-

phylla, P). San Angel, Rutten & Rutten 344 (Ut).—Veracruz: Ori-

zaba, Bourgeau 2437 (Bo, Brux, G, P, S); Hahn 138 (P). Mirador,

Sartorius (N). Rio de Puerto Moneda, Purpus 10362 (N).—Puebla:

Puente de México, Arséne 5563 (F, N). San Luis Tultitlanapa,

Purpus 3542 (Cal); Nicolads 957 (Gen, K, P). Puebla, Nicolas in

1910 (Gen).—Morelos: Cuernavaca, Pringle 6181 (B, BM, Bo, Brux,

Cal, CM, F, G, Gen, K, Minn, N, P, Ph, Po, S, V, Y).—Mexico:

Ypericones, Hinton 4160 (K). La Cumbre, Hinton 655 (K). Cajones,

Hinton 3863 (K).—Michoacan: Loma Santa Maria, Arséne 5926

(Brux, N).—Oaxaca: Reko 17 (N). Nacaltepec, L. C. Smith 466

(G). Oaxaca, Conzatti 2184 (F, G); Galeotti 3664 (Brux, Gen, P).

Cerro de San Felipe, Morton & Makrinius 226 (N).

GUATEMALA: Huehuetenango: Lehmann 1566 (BM, Bo, N).—

Amatitlan: J. D. Smith 1919 (K, N).

PANAMA: Duchassaing in 1851 (P).—Panama: Red Tank, Maxon

6574 (N), 6597 (N). Juan Diaz, Standley 32051 (N). Taboga

Island, Standley 27971 (N). Panama, Paul 445 (N).

438 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

- CuBA: Cultivated, M. T. Cook in 1906 (Y).—Habana: Santiago

de Las Vegas, cultivated, Baker 7282 (B).

HAITI: Port au Prince, Christ 2226 (B).

VENEZUELA: San Sebastian, Ernst in 1887 (S). Lomas de Turi-

amo, Pittier 13859 (N).—Federal District: La Guayra, Otto 410 (B).

—Aragua: Colonia Tovar, Fendler 2327 (B). Ocumare del Tuy,

Pittier 7808 (N).—Zulia: Maracaibo, Moritz 1819 (BM).—Mérida:

Mérida, Moritz 1317 (BM).

COLOMBIA: Magdalena: Bonda, H. H. Smith 1528 (A, B, BM,

Brux, CM, F, G, Gen, Ma, N, Ph, S, Ut, Y).—Bolivar: Turbaco,

Killip & Smith 14398 (A, G, N, Y).—Cundinamarca: Triana 2946

(BM, K, type of P. atomaria, P), 2947, in part (Gen, HNC). La

Esperanza, Cuatrecasas 3244 (Ma).—Tolima: Ibagué, Goudot 6 (P).

—E] Valle: Cali, Lehmann 3409 (Bo, N).

Passiflora subpeltata apparently occurs naturally only from

Mexico to Venezuela and Colombia. Masters cites Gardner 4690

from Brazil, and a Peruvian plant of Poeppig’s as this. The first

of these is P. Eichleriana and the second is P. aristulata. Many

of the specimens from Brazil and Argentina are labeled P. alba in

European herbaria, but in every case in which I was able to dissect

flowers they proved to be P. naviculata, P. Eichleriana, or closely

related species other than P. subpeltata. The illustrations of Passi-

flora alba in Lemaire, Jard. Fleuriste (8: Misc. 86. 1853) and Paxton’s

Flower Garden (8: 71. 1852-1853) appear to represent P. Eichleriana,

P. tucumanensis, or P. naviculata, though they are not sufficiently

detailed to indicate which one; certainly they do not represent

P. subpeltata.

There can be little doubt that the description of P. subpeltata

applies to the Mexican plant long passing as P. alba. Ortega’s

description is in great detail except in regard to the coronal structure,

and agrees excellently with the material here listed. It was based

upon a plant grown from seeds sent from Mexico by Sessé, and

very likely Sessé & Mocifio 4464 represents the actual plant from

which the seeds were obtained. :

In Triana 2946, the type of P. atomaria, the sepals and petals

are purple-dotted within. Apparently it does not differ otherwise

from typical P. subpeltata, and probably is merely a color form of

this species.

LOCAL NAMES: ‘‘Granadina,” “‘granada de zorra’”’ (Mexico).

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 439

270. Passiflora pallens Poepp. ex Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt.

1: 567. pl. 128, f. 4. 1872.

Passiflora stipulata Benth. ex Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 113. 1866.

Not P. stipulata Aubl.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete or subangular, glauces-

cent; stipules semi-oblong or subreniform, 1 to 3 em. long, 0.5 to

1.2 em. wide, obtuse and minutely mucronulate at apex, rounded

at base, obscurely crenulate, glaucous; petioles up to 6 cm. long, very

slender, 2-4-glandular above middle, the glands short-stipitate,

up to 1 mm. long; leaves 4 to 6 cm. long, 6 to 9 cm. wide, 3-lobed

about two-fifths their length (lobes broadly ovate or suborbicular,

2 to 4 em. wide, widest at base, rounded at apex, eglandular in

sinuses), shallowly cordate at base, not peltate, membranous, strongly

glaucous beneath; peduncles about 2 cm. long; bracts ovate-oblong,

1 to 2 em. long, 0.8 to 1.5 em. wide, rounded and mucronulate at

apex, cordulate at base, crenulate, glaucous, borne at base of flower;

flowers up to 6 cm. wide, white; calyx tube campanulate; sepals

oblong-lanceolate, about 3 cm. long and 7 mm. wide, obtuse, dorsally

awned, the awn foliaceous, about 1 cm. long, green; petals slightly

shorter and narrower than the sepals; corona filaments in 4 series,

those of the outer 2 narrowly liguliform, 1 to 1.5 cm. long, white,

banded with purple, those of the inner 2 narrowly linear, about 1.5

mm. long, capitellate, shallowly bifid; operculum membranous, about

2 mm. high, minutely erose at margin; nectar ring a fleshy ridge;

limen tubular, 3 mm. high, closely surrounding gynophore, denticu-

late; ovary subglobose, glaucous-pruinose; fruit globose, about 5 cm.

in diameter, the pericarp coriaceous, orange-yellow; seeds cuneate-

oblong, about 4 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba.

ILLUSTRATION: Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: pl. 128, f. 4.

DISTRIBUTION: Southern Florida, Cuba, and Haiti.

FLORIDA: Madeira Bay, Dade County, Small 7799 (S, Y).

Cutler, Small, De Winkeler & Mosier in 1924 (Y). Cape Sable,

Small & De Winkeler in 1920 (Y).

CuBa: Pinar del Rio: San Gabriel, Shafer 11829 (F, N, Y). San

Miguel, Leén & Ekman 9091 (HS, Y); Ekman 10911 (B, 8S); Roig 8

(Y), 7550 (HV).—Habana: Bataband, Leén 14150 (HS).—Santa

Clara: Habanilla, Cuesta 218 (Y).—Oriente: Wright 2599 (B, Bo,

type, G, Gen, HA, P). Manzanillo, Ekman 56386 (S).

HaItti: Massif de la Hotte, Ekman H10768 (N).

440 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

This species is very close to P. subpeliata. The principal differ-

ence lies in the much coarser outer corona filaments. The leaves

are less deeply lobed and the lobes are proportionately broader than

in typical P. subpeltata. Forms of the latter, however, very closely

approximate P. pallens in leaf shape.

Wright 2599 is listed in Grisebach’s catalog of the Wright collec-

tion as Passiflora (Granadilla) stipulata Benth., and in Sauvalle’s

Flora Cubana as Passiflora stipulata Aubl.?. The attributing of

this species to Bentham was clearly an inadvertent error on Grise-

bach’s part, as there is no record of Bentham’s having used this

name. In proposing P. pallens, Masters says, “P. pallens Poepp.

MSS. (=P. stipulata Benth. ex Griseb. Pl Wright Cub. 2599, nec

Aublet). Habitat in Cuba et in Venezuela: Burchell!, Fendler

2327!.”” No Poeppig specimen is listed, and I have seen none of

his Cuban collections which can possibly be P. pallens. There are

at the Boissier Herbarium specimens of Wright 2599 and of a Peruvian

collection of Poeppig’s, both of which had evidently been examined

by Masters. The Peruvian specimen, annotated by Poeppig “‘P.

pallens Poepp. diar.,”’ belongs to a different species. The two

Venezuelan specimens cited by Masters as P. pallens represent

P. cyanea.

271. Passiflora elegans Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 621.

1872.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete (younger portions angu-

late), very slender; stipules semi-ovate-lanceolate, 1 to 1.5 cm. long,

0.4 to 0.6 ecm. wide, aristate, rounded at base, oblique; petioles up

to 3.5 cm. long, very slender, minutely biglandular near middle,

the glands short-stipitate; leaves 2.5 to 5 cm. long, 3.5 to 6 cm.

wide, 3-lobed in upper third (lobes suborbicular, subequal, 1.5 to

2 cm. wide, rounded and emarginate at apex, biglandular in sinuses),

truncate at base, 3—5-nerved, membranous, glaucous beneath;

peduncles 2.5 to 4 cm. long, slender; bracts ovate-lanceolate, 10 to

13 mm. long, 6 mm. wide, acute, narrowed at base, sessile, thin-

membranous, glaucous, borne 6 to 10 mm. below base of flower;

flowers 3.5 to 4 cm. wide; calyx tube short-campanulate; sepals

oblong-lanceolate, about 2 cm. long, 1 cm. wide, obtuse, ecorniculate,

white(?); petals subequal to the sepals, about 6 mm. wide, cbtuse,

white(?); corona filaments in 4 series, those of the outer 2 subulate,

about 1.5 em. long, apparently white, banded with blue, those of the

third series about 1 mm. long, those of the inner series reduced to

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 441

mere tubercles; operculum membranous, erect, about 1.5 mm. high,

denticulate; ovary globose, glaucous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

ILLUSTRATION: Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. ed. 2. 21: 495.

f. 229B.

DISTRIBUTION: Southern Brazil to northeastern Argentina.

BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul, Fox (K, type). Porto Alegre,

Malme 152 (N, 8).

Uruguay: Isla Gaspar, Rio Uruguay, Stuckert 15474 (Gen).

ARGENTINA: Corrientes: Bonpland in 1821 (P). Santa Maria,

Bonpland 758 (P).

Malme’s beautifully prepared material permits a more complete

diagnosis of the flowers of this rare species, definitely known hitherto

only from the type specimen. Masters placed the species in a section

(No. 3) of Granadilla, characterized by a plicate operculum and

foliaceous bracts, though his brief description does not suggest that

the operculum is plicate. Actually it is nonplicate, and the species

is most closely related to the West Indian P. pallens.

It may be well to call attention to the fact that the Argentine

specimens previously cited were part of a small collection made by

Bonpland during the later years of his life, and are not to be con-

fused with the well known Humboldt and Bonpland collection from

northwestern South America and Mexico. The specimens of this

collection bear a printed label “‘Herbier de la province de Corrientes,

donné par M(onsieur) A. Bonpland;’’ this has led to a confusion

with Cape Corriente, Colombia, ‘a place not visited by Humboldt

and Bonpland.

272. Passiflora naviculata Griseb. Abh. Ges. Wiss. Géttingen 19:

149. 1874.

Passiflora tucumanensis var. naviculata Hicken, Darwinia 1: 129.

1924.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete or subangular; stipules

semi-ovate, attached near middle of side (hence, subreniform), 1.5

to 2.5 cm. long, 0.5 to 0.8 em. wide, mucronate, glandular-serrulate;

petioles up to 3 cm. long, slender, glandless; leaves 2.5 to 6 cm. long,

4 to 7 em. wide, 3 (rarely 5)-lobed about two-thirds their length

(lobes ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, 1 to 2 cm. wide, obtuse,

mucronulate or retuse, 2-4-glandular in the sinuses, the glands

sometimes filiform), cordulate or rounded at base, not peltate,

442 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

5-7-nerved, membranous, slightly glaucous beneath; peduncles 2 to

3 cm. long, slender; bracts cordate-deltoid or cordate-lanceolate,

about 1 cm. long, 0.8 cm. wide, subacute or obtuse, mucronulate,

glandular-serrate at base (serrations becoming shallower toward

apex), glaucous, borne within 5 mm. of base of flower; flowers 4 to

5 em. wide; calyx tube patelliform; sepals linear-oblong, 4 to 5 mm.

wide, green without, white within, carinate, the keel terminating

in a green, foliaceous awn about 5 mm. long; petals linear, shorter

than sepals, barely 3 mm. wide, white; corona filaments in 5 series,

the outermost subulate, about half as long as sepals, fleshy, white,

violet-banded, those of the second series similar but barely 3 mm.

long, those of the succeeding series capillary, about 1 mm. long,

white; operculum membranous, 1.5 to 2 mm. high, minutely fim-

brillate; nectar ring a low, thin membrane; limen cupuliform, laxly

surrounding base of gynophore, the margin recurved; ovary sub-

globose, pruinose, glabrous; fruit globose, about 2.5 cm. in diameter,

yellowish; seeds obovate, about 3 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, finely

reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Fuerte de Andalgala, Catamarca, Argentina.

DISTRIBUTION: Southern Bolivia and northern Argentina, up to

2,800 meters altitude.

BOLIVIA: Tarija: Tarija, Fiebrig 1177 (S), 1205 (S), 3051 (B, BM,

Gen, S).

PARAGUAY: Rio Parana, Calot 60 (P).

ARGENTINA: Jujuy: 1,300 meters, Claren 11812 (S). Tileana,

Venturi 9215 (N), 9216 (N).—Salta: Campo Quijano, 1,600 meters,

Venturi 8085 (G, N). Candelaria, Venturi 3691 (N). Alemania,

Venturi 9917 (G).—Catamarca: Fuerte de Andalgala, Lorentz 318 (B,

type, K); Jérgensen 1210 (Cal, G, N); Schickendantz 23 (B), 105 (B),

146 (Gen). Alpachiri, Jérgensen 1914 (G, Mo, N).—Tucuman: Cueva

de La Vega, 550 meters, Venturi 2244 (G, K, N).—Chaco: Las

Buenas, 250 meters, Venturi 9800 (BM, G, Mo, N).—La Rioja:

Cuesta de La Puerta de Piedra, Hieronymus & Niederlein 95 (B,

N).—Buenos Aires: Buenos Aires, Tweedie (S).

From P. tucwmanensis, the only other species of this group with

glandless petioles, this differs most conspicuously in the broader,

obtuse leaf lobes.

273. Passiflora tucumanensis Hook. Bot. Mag. 65: pl. 3636. 1839.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem angular, subterete below, sul-

cate, glaucescent; stipules semi-ovate-lanceolate, 1.5 to 3 em. long,

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 443

0.5 to 1.5 em. wide, acute, aristate, rounded at base, serrate, the

serrations often glandular; petioles up to 3 cm. long, glandless;

leaves 3-5-lobed about four-fifths their length (lobes narrowly

oblong-lanceolate, 4 to 6 cm. long, 0.7 to 1.5 em. wide, acutish or

_ obtusish, mucronulate, glandular-serrulate or -serrate in sinuses with

3 to 6 serrulations), cordulate and finely serrulate at base, 3—5-nerved,

membranous, dark green above, glaucescent beneath; peduncles up

to 2.5 em. long, slender; bracts ovate-cordate, 5 to 10 mm. long

and wide, acute, apiculate, serrate, thin-membranous, borne close

to base of flower; flowers 4 to 5 cm. wide; calyx tube campanulate;

sepals oblong-lanceolate, about 5 mm. wide, cucullate, awned, the

awn foliaceous, green, 5 to 10 mm. long, green without, white within;

petals subequal to sepals, white; corona filaments in several ranks,

the outer 2 about two-thirds as long as the petals, white, purple-

banded, the inner filaments capillary, 1 to 1.5 mm. long, white,

tipped with blue; operculum membranous, incurved, denticulate;

limen membranous, annular; ovary ovoid, glabrous, pruinose; fruit

ovoid, 4 to 5 em. long, 3 to 3.5 cm. in diameter; seeds obovate,

about 5 mm. long, reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Tucuman, Argentina.

ILLUSTRATION: Bot. Mag. 65: pl. 3636.

DISTRIBUTION: Northwestern Argentina, between 300 and 700

meters altitude.

ARGENTINA: Lorentz & Hieronymus 748 (B).—Salta: Lorentz &

Hieronymus in 1878 (B, N).—Tucuman: Tweedie 181 (K), 1173 (K,

type). Rio Sali, Venturi 2173 (G, N). El Puestito, Burroyaco,

Venturi 7451 (F, G, N). Estacién Guzman, Cruz Alta, Venturi 2227

(N). Cafiar Pozo, Leales, Venturi 657 (N).

An absence of glands on the petioles but an increased number

in the sinuses between the lobes characterize this species. The leaf

lobes are proportionately much narrower than in other species of

this group. Many specimens referred to this prove to be P. navi-

culata or P. tenurfila.

274. Passiflora gritensis Karst. Linnaea 30: 163. 1859 or 1860.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem slender, terete; stipules semi- ~

oblong, 1.8 to 2.5 cm. long, 5 to 10 mm. wide, aristulate, serrate-

dentate, teeth gland-tipped; petioles up to 3 cm. long, 4-glandular,

the glands filiform, about 3 mm. long; leaves 3-lobed to within

8 mm. from base, 3 to 8 cm. along midnerve, 2.5 to 7.5 em. along

lateral nerves, 4.5 to 10 cm. between apices of lateral lobes (lobes

| |

444 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

narrowly oblong, 0.5 to 1.5 cm. wide, acute, aristulate, glandular-—

serrulate in sinus), rounded or cordulate at base, membranous;

peduncles very long and rather stout, 25 to 35 cm. long; bracts

borne at apex of peduncle, verticillate, ovate, 1 to 1.2 cm. long,

6 to 7 mm. wide, acute and aristulate at apex, subacute at base;

flowers about 10 cm. wide, rose-colored; sepals lance-oblong, about

1 em. wide at base, obtuse, dorsally keeled, the keel terminating —

in a foliaceous awn 1 to 1.3 cm. long; petals linear, 1.5 to 2 cm. long, .

about 3 mm. wide, obtuse; corona filaments narrowly liguliform, .

in 2 series, the outer 2 to 2.5 cm. long, the inner 5 to 7 mm. long;

operculum about 2 cm. long, erect, filamentose nearly half its length; ©

limen cupuliform, closely surrounding base of gynophore; ovary —

ellipsoidal. )

DISTRIBUTION: Western Venezuela, at an altitude of about 2,500

meters.

VENEZUELA: Mérida: Near Mérida, collector not known, No. 1202

(P).—Tachira: La Grita, 2,500 meters, Karsten (V, type).

This and another Karsten species, P. meridensis, Masters knew

only from description, and their identity has never been well estab-

lished since. The type of P. gritensis, in the Vienna Herbarium,

though consisting only of the upper part of the stem, with a stipule,

leaf, and peduncle attached, agrees perfectly with an excellent speci-

men from an adjacent Venezuelan state, which I decided was a

new species but fortunately had not described. The coronal struc-

ture indicates that the species was correctly placed in Granadilla by

Karsten, though the very long peduncle suggests certain tacsonias;

indeed, the vegetative parts are very similar to those of P. semiciliosa,

the type of the subgenus Granadillastrum.

275. Passiflora Sprucei Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt. 1: 568. —

1872.

Plant glabrous throughout; stipules semi-ovate, 1.5 to 3 em. long,

0.5 to 1.2 em. wide, mucronulate, rounded at base, undulate; petioles

up to 3 em. long, bearing 2 to 4 sessile glands less than 1 mm. long;

the leaves 3-lobed to or below middle (lobes lanceolate or oblong-

lanceolate, acute or acutish, serrulate or subentire, the middle lobe

produced, the lateral lobes divergent), 5-nerved, peltate about 2 mm.

from lower margin, green or glaucous beneath; peduncles up to 5 cm.

long; bracts oblong or lance-oblong, about 1.5 cm. long, 5 to 8 mm.

wide, acute, borne close to base of flower; flowers up to 7 cm. wide;

calyx tube campanulate; sepals linear-oblong, 5 to 7 mm. wide,

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 445

obtuse, green without, lilac, rose-purple, or violet within, carinate,

the keel terminating in an awn 5 to 7 mm. long; petals lanceolate,

subequal to sepals, lilac, rose-purple, or violet; corona filaments in

several series, those of the outer 2 filiform, about two-thirds as long

as the petals, transversely banded with lilac and purple, those of

the succeeding 4 or 5 series 2 to 3 mm. long, erect; operculum erect,

membranous in lower quarter, above filamentose, the filaments up

to 1 cm. long, banded with lilac and purple; nectar ring a low ridge;

limen tubular, about 5 mm. high, crenulate, erect, closely surrounding

gynophore; ovary narrowly ellipsoidal.

TYPE LOCALITY: Rio de Ventana, near Guayaquil, Ecuador.

DISTRIBUTION: Coastal region, Ecuador, extending to 2,000

meters altitude, according to Lehmann.

Ecuapbor: “In tropical forests.’’ Sodiro (N).—Guayas: Rio de

Ventana, near Guayaquil, Spruce 6459 (BM, K, type). Balao,

Eggers 14436 (B, N). San Ignacio, Heilborn 117 (S).—Chimborazo:

Between Huigra and Naranjapata, 600 meters, Hitchcock 20636

(N).—Leoén: Naranjal, Spruce 8014 (K).—Loja: Las Juntas, 1,800—

2,000 meters, Lehmann 4834 (N).

276. Passiflora tenuifila Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17: 430.

1927.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete or the younger parts

subangular; stipules semi-oblong or subreniform, 1 to 4 em. long,

0.5 to 2 em. wide, obtuse or acutish, mucronulate at apex, rounded

at base, subentire, glaucescent beneath; petioles 2 to 5 cm. long

(extremes up to 11 ecm.), 2-6-glandular, the glands up to 2 mm.

long, thickened at base, scattered or subopposite; leaves 3.5 to 9 em.

along midnerve, 3 to 8 cm. along lateral nerves, 5 to 14 cm. between

apices of lateral lobes, 3-lobed from two-thirds to three-quarters

their length (lobes oblong or obovate-oblong, 1 to 3.5 cm. wide,

rounded or obtuse, mucronulate at apex, glandular-serrulate in the

acutish sinuses, the middle lobe narrowed at base), cordate, 5-nerved,

subpeltate, membranous, glaucescent beneath; peduncles 3 to 8 cm.

long, slender, articulate less than 2 mm. from apex; bracts cordate-

ovate, 1 to 1.5 em. long, 0.6 to 1.2 cm. wide, abruptly acute and

mucronate at apex, glandular-serrulate at base, glaucous, borne at

point of articulation, persistent; flowers up to 4.5 cm. wide, the tube

patelliform, introrse at base; sepals linear-oblong, 10 to 15 mm. long,

5 to 7 mm. wide, obtuse, carinate, bright green along the keel, white

at margin and within, the keel terminating in a foliaceous awn 4 to 6

446 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

mm. long; petals about two-thirds as long and as broad as sepals,

obtuse, white; corona filaments capillary, in 4 series, the outer 2—

about 5 to 7 mm. long, radiate, white, pale violet at middle, the inner ~

2 about 1.5 to 2.5 mm. long, white; operculum membranous, 1 mm.

high, slightly plicate at margin, filamentose, the filaments attached

dorsally just below margin, 1 to 1.5 mm. long; nectar ring a low, ©

fleshy ridge; limen shallowly cupuliform, loosely surrounding base

of gynophore; ovary ovoid or subglobose, glaucescent; fruit sub-

globose, about 4 or 5 cm. in diameter, probably larger, yellow; seeds —

obovate, about 6 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, closely reticulate, axis —

slightly curved.

TYPE LOCALITY: Marechal Mallot, Parana, Brazil.

DISTRIBUTION: Southern Bolivia and southern Brazil to Argen-

tina and Paraguay.

BOLIVIA: Cerro Veladero, Troll 1146 (B).—Tarija: Chiquiaca,

Fiebrig 3371 (B).—Chaco: Tatarenda, Fries 1599 (S).

BRAZIL: Parané: Marechal Mallot, Dusén 3048 (G, N, type, 8S).

Calmao, Dusén 9399 (B, Gen, S).—Rio Grande do Sul: Porto Alegro,

Malme 544 (S). Colonia Silveira, Lindman A1363 (N, S).

PaRaGuay: Alto Parana River, Fiebrig 5608 (B), 6230 (B, G, N).

ARGENTINA: Tucuman: Cerro del Campo, 800 meters, Venturi

7914 (G), 7919 (BM, N). Cumbre de Taficillo, Venturi 5959 (N).—

Chaco: Fontana, Meyer 1034 (N).—Misiones: Niederlein 1225 (B).

Puerto Aguirre, Rojas (Ostén 8303; 8S). Bonpland, Archer 4619 (N).

Part of this material was distributed as P. caerulea and P.

tucumanensis. The species is only remotely related to P. caerulea,

differing greatly in leaf shape and flower structure. Though belong-

ing to this complex group of granadillas with 3-lobed leaves and

foliaceous stipules, it is at once distinguished by the capillary

corona rays, and by the petiolar glands being thickest at their base.

Passiflora tucumanensis, P. naviculata, and P. Gibert: in general

appearance closely resemble P. tenuzfila, but, in addition to having

coarser corona rays, the first two have glandless petioles and the

third has a distinctly plicate operculum.

LOCAL NAME: “Yog6”’ (Argentina).

277. Passiflora lonchophora Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin

10: 813. 1929.

Plant glabrous and slightly glaucescent throughout; stem slender,

subterete; stipules semi-cordate—oblong, 2 to 3 em. long, 1 to 1.5 em.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 447

wide, terminating in a gland-tipped mucro about 3 mm. long;

petioles 3 to 4 em. long, bearing 6 scattered, tuberculiform glands;

leaves 3-lobed to well beyond middle, 10 to 13 em. along midnerve,

8 to 10 cm. along lateral nerves, 12 to 14 cm. at greatest width (lobes

acute or subobtuse, the middle lobe oblong-lanceolate, 3 to 3.5 cm.

wide, conspicuously narrowed at base, the lateral lobes lanceolate,

eglandular in the sinus), shallowly cordulate at base; peduncles

solitary, 3 to 4 cm. long; bracts borne about 8 mm. below the base

of the flower, lanceolate, 1.5 to 2.2 cm. long, 6 to 7 mm. wide, acute,

mucronulate; flowers about 5 cm. wide; calyx tube broadly campanu-

late; sepals 2.5 to 2.7 cm. long, 7 to 8 mm. wide, dorsally awned

just below the apex, the awn foliaceous, 3 to 4 mm. long; petals

subequal to the sepals; corona filaments filiform, about 1 cm. long;

ovary ovoid.

TYPE LOCALITY: Rio Branco, State of Amazonas, Brazil.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality.

BRAZIL: Amazonas: Retiro da Serra da Lua (Sua, in error),

Kuhlmann 3417 (B, type, N, Ut).

The coronal structure is described only briefly by Harms uP this

portion of the flower of the only specimen I have at hand has been

eaten by insects; so the exact position of the species in the present

treatment is not certain. The shape of the leaves suggests P. Pen-

nellit, but the reduced awns of the sepals, the smaller stipules, and

elongate petiolar glands readily differentiate that species from

P. lonchophora.

278. Passiflora Giberti N. E. Brown, Trans. & Proc. Bot. Soc.

Edinb. 20: 58. 1896.

Plant glabrous throughout; stipules semi-ovate-lanceolate, 2 to

3 cm. long, 0.7 to 1 em. wide, acute and mucronate at apex, rounded

at base, subentire, oblique; petioles 1 to 3 cm. long, slender, 2-6-

glandular, the glands subclavate, about 1 mm. long; leaves 5 to 7 cm.

long, 7 to 10 cm. wide (extremes up to 18 em. long and 22 cm. wide),

3-lobed two-thirds to three-fourths their length, very rarely 5-lobed

(lobes oblong-lanceolate, 2 to 2.5 em. wide, acutish, 1—2-glandular

in the sinuses), cordulate, membranous; peduncles 4 to 8 cm. long,

stouter than the petioles; bracts ovate, 2 to 2.5 cm. long, 1.5 to 2 cm.

wide, acute, mucronulate, serrate near base, borne near base of

flower; flowers 6 to 8 cm. wide; calyx tube short-campanulate;

sepals oblong-lanceolate, about 3 cm. long, 8 mm. wide, dorsally

awned near apex, the awn 1 to 1.5 em. long, green without, bluish

448 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

within; petals oblong, slightly shorter and broader than the sepals,

bluish; corona filaments filiform, in about 6 series, the 2 outer 0.6

to 2 cm. long, purple(?), those of the succeeding series decreasing in

length from 4 to 2 mm. long; operculum membranous, 2 to 3 mm,

ments about 5 to 7 mm. long and within a row of minute tubercles;

nectar ring a low ridge; limen tubular, closely surrounding base of

gynophore; ovary ellipsoidal, glabrous; fruit ovoid, the pericarp

coriaceous, yellowish.

TYPE LOCALITY: Gran Chaco, Argentina.

)

high, slightly plicate, bearing adnate to outer surface a row of fila-

DISTRIBUTION: South-central Brazil, Paraguay, and northeastern —

Argentina.

BRAZIL: Matto Grosso: Porto Esperanza, Rio Paraguay, Chase

11098 (B, N).

PARAGUAY: Pilcomayo River, Morong 1505 (Y). Asuncion,

Balansa 2202 (Bo, K).

ARGENTINA: Chaco: Gran Chaco, Gibert 43 (K, type). Chaco,

Fiebrig 1453 (B, Gen, K). Barranqueras, Meyer 2231 (N).

_ The detailed description of the floral parts here given is drawn

mainly from the excellently preserved specimens obtained by

Morong, Meyer, and Chase. In the structure of the operculum

P. Giberti differs slightly from Brown’s diagnosis as “membranacea,

deflexa, integra.”’ Doubtless Brown considered the row of filaments

attached to the operculum as part of the (faucial) corona. In the

Meyer specimen the principal corona filaments are less than half

as long as in Mrs. Chase’s plant; however, as heretofore noted, there

is a good deal of difference in the length of these filaments in species

of Granadilla. Meyer notes that the color of the flowers is blue.

This is completely lost in drying.

The plicate operculum at once suggests a relationship with

P. kermesina, P. Eggersvi, and P. Watsoniana, but the larger bracts,

borne close to apex of peduncles, indicate a different relationship.

Passiflora tucumanensis and P. naviculata, with which this species

might easily be confused, have glandless petioles and a quite different

flower structure.

279. Passiflora Eichleriana Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt. 1:

616. pl. 128, f. 5. 1872.

Passiflora violacea f. albiflora Chod. & Hassl. Bull. Herb. Boiss.’

II. 4: 68. 1904.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 449

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete, slender, purplish; stipules

oblong-lanceolate, 1.5 to 3 cm. long, 0.8 to 1.5 em. wide, acuminate,

oblique, rounded at base; petioles 2 to 6 cm. long, bearing 3 or 4

pairs of opposite or subopposite, ligulate glands up to 2 mm. long;

leaves 4 to 8 em. long, 5 to 10 em. wide, 3-lobed to below middle

(lobes oblong, 1 to 3 cm. wide, acute or obtuse, mucronate, entire,

the sinuses acutish, 2-4-glandular), cordate and subpeltate at base,

5-nerved, membranous; peduncles 3 to 6 cm. long; bracts ovate,

1 to 2 em. long, about 1 cm. wide, acute, rounded or cordulate at

base, entire or sometimes glandular-denticulate; flowers up to 7 cm.

wide; calyx tube campanulate; sepals oblong, about 1 cm. wide,

subcoriaceous, bearing a foliaceous awn nearly 1 cm. long; petals

oblong, slightly shorter than the sepals, membranous; corona fila-

ments in about 6 series, those of the 2 outer filiform, as long as the

petals, radiate, the succeeding ones capillary, 2 to 3 mm. long;

operculum membranous at base, filamentose above, bearing within

small, inflexed teeth; nectar ring fleshy; limen cupuliform; ovary

ovoid, glabrous; fruit globose, about 3.5 cm. in diameter, coriaceous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Southern Brazil. ,

ILLUSTRATION: Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: pl. 128, f. 5.

DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Brazil to Paraguay.

BRAZIL: “Southern Brazil,’ Sello 358 (B, BM, K, type).—Minas

Geraes: Perna de Pao, Gardner 4690 (BM, K).—Matto Grosso:

Cuyaba, Malme in 1902 (S), in 1908 (S).—Santa Catharina: Ule

925 (B, N).

PARAGUAY: Concepcién, Hassler 7498 (BM, type collection of P.

violacea f. albiflora).

This is one of the species that have been confused with P. sub-

peltata (P. alba). The presence of dentiform processes on the inside

of the operculum, suggesting the fringe on the outside of the oper-

culum, characteristic in the section Kermesinae, distinguishes it

from near relatives. The petiolar glands in the specimens cited

above are more elongate than is shown in Masters’ illustration.

280. Passiflora subulata Mast. in Mart. FI. Bras. 13, pt. 1: 566..

1872.

Passiflora platyceras Harms, Repert. Sp. Nov. 18: 298. 1922.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete, glaucescent; stipules

semi-oblong-lanceolate, 2 to 3.5 cm. long, 1 to 1.5 em. wide, acute

and mucronulate at apex, rounded at base, oblique; petioles 2 to

450 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

5 em. long, biglandular at or above middle, the glands short-stipitate;

leaves 4 to 7 cm. long, 5 to 8 cm. wide, 3-lobed to middle (lobes oblong

or ovate-oblong, 1.5 to 2.5 em. wide, obtuse, ascending, glandular-

serrulate in the sinuses), cordate or merely emarginate at base,

subpeltate, 5-nerved, subcoriaceous, glaucescent beneath; peduncles ©

7 to 10 em. long; bracts ovate or oblong-ovate, 1.5 to 2.5 em. long,

1 to 1.5 em. wide, cordate, obscurely serrulate, borne close to base

of flower; flowers 6 to 8 cm. wide; calyx tube broadly campanulate;

sepals oblong-lanceolate, about 1 cm. wide, green without, white

within, cucullate, carinate, the keel terminating in a green, foliaceous

awn 8 to 12 mm. long, 2 to 3 mm. wide; petals lanceolate, shorter

and narrower than the sepals; corona filaments in 3 series, the outer-—

most capillary, about 2 cm. long, those of the second series capillary, —

3 mm. long, capitellate, those of the inner narrowly linear, 2 mm.

long, capitellate; operculum erect, fimbrillate to middle, the threads —

about 5 mm. long; nectar ring fleshy; limen cupuliform, about 5 mm. —

high, erect, closely surrounding gynophore; ovary subovoid, pruinose.

TYPE LOCALITY: Huacapistana, Tarma, Peru.

DISTRIBUTION: Mountains of central Peru, from 2,000 to 2,500

meters altitude.

Peru: MacLean (K, type).—Junin: Huacapistana, Weberbauer

2171 (B, type of P. platyceras); Killip & Smith 24311 (N), 24323

(F, N, Y). San Talystem, Weberbauer 6542 (B).—(?)Cuzco: Rio

Yanamayo, Pennell 14060 (Ph).

The very prominent awns of the sepals distinguish this from near

relatives of the Andes. The type of P. platyceras agrees exactly

with the type of P. subulata; Masters’ statement that the petiolar

glands are sessile is inaccurate.

The Pennell specimen is referred here doubtfully. The leaves

are much less deeply lobed; but as the specimen is without flowers,

or even peduncles or bracts, positive determination is impossible.

281. Passiflora resticulata Mast. & André, Journ. Linn. Soc. 20:

42. 18838.

Plant glabrous throughout, brownish yellow when dry; stem

slender, wiry, terete or subangulate, several secondary branches (up

to 15 em. long) arising from the main stem; stipules oblong, 1.2

to 1.5 em. long, 0.7 to 0.9 cm. wide, oblique, acute, serrulate; petioles

up to 5 cm. long, slender, bearing 1 or 2 pairs of minute, stipitate

glands; leaves 5 to 7 cm. long, 7 to 8 cm. wide, 3-lobed one-third

their length (rarely slightly more, not to one-half their length;

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 451

lobes ovate or suborbicular, subequal, 2.5 to 3 em. long, 2 to 2.5 em.

wide, rounded or obtuse), truncate and subpeltate at base, 5-nerved;

peduncles slender, 7 to 8.5 cm. long; bracts lanceolate, about 2 cm.

long, and 8 mm. wide, acute, borne close to flower; flowers about

5 cm. wide; sepals oblong-lanceolate, foliaceous-awned; petals linear-

lanceolate, obtuse; corona filaments in several series, the 2 outer

one-third as long as the petals, the succeeding series gradually shorter;

operculum membranous at base, filamentose(?); ovary ellipsoidal,

pruinose; fruit ellipsoidal, 5 cm. in diameter; seeds flattened, erose-

lobed at margin.

TYPE LOCALITY: San Florencio, Mt. Corazén, Ecuador.

DISTRIBUTION: Central and Western Cordilleras of Colombia to

Ecuador, 1,500 to 2,500 meters.

CoLoMBIA: Tolima: Rio Azufral, Quindio Trail, Killip & Hazen

9596 (N, Ph). Quebrada Cajamarca, New Quindio Trail, Kullip

9756 (N).—El Valle: Rio Dagua, Lehmann 4838 (B, K); André 2534

(K).—El Cauca: San José, Pennell 7625 (N, Y). Quebrada de

Armada, André 3904bis (K).

EcuADOR: Canoa, Eggers 15469 (B). Rio Pilatén, Sodiro (NS.

Pichincha: Mt. Corazén, André 2568 (K, type), 3733 (K).—Leén:

Naranjal, Lehmann (K).

This species is recognized among its Colombian and Ecuadorean

relatives by its shallowly lobed leaves. Detailed information as to

the structure of the operculum was not given by Masters, and the

sheets here cited, except the type, are either barren or have very

immature flowers.

282. Passiflora Pennellii Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 14: 114.

1924.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem slender, terete, or subangulate

above; stipules subreniform, 9 to 10 mm. long, 4 to 5 mm. wide,

aristate, coriaceous, reticulate-veined; petioles up to 2.5 cm. long,

6—8-glandular (glands stipitate, 1.5 mm. long); leaves 5 to 7 cm. long,

7 to 10 cm. wide, 3-lobed to 1 or 1.5 em. from base (lobes narrowly

lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 1 to 2 cm. wide, acute or obtusish,

glandular in the sinuses, the middle lobe narrowed at base), sub-

peltate and subtruncate or subcordate at base, 5-nerved, reticulate-

veined, coriaceous, green on both surfaces, lustrous above; peduncles

up to 5 em. long; bracts ovate-lanceolate, 8 to 10 mm. long, 3.5 to

5 mm. wide, acute, slightly narrowed at base, borne about 8 mm.

below base of flower; flowers 5 to 6 cm. wide; sepals oblong-lanceolate,

452 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

1.5 to 1.8 em. long, 7 to 8 mm. wide, obtuse, dorsally awned with a

short, setaceous awn, reticulate-veined, green without, white within;

petals oblong-lanceolate, 1.8 to 2 cm. long, 1 cm. wide, obtuse, white;

corona filaments white, in several series, those of the 2 outer narrowly

liguliform, 2 to 2.5 em. long, 0.8 mm. wide, the succeeding 2 or 37

series narrowly linear, 5 to 6 mm. long, 0.4 mm. wide; operculum

6 to 7 mm. long, nonplicate, the lower half membranous, deflexed,

the upper half erect, filamentose; limen cupuliform, 1 mm. high,

crenulate; ovary ovoid.

TYPE LOCALITY: Susumuco, southeast of Quetamé, Cundina-

marca, Colombia.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality, in the

Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, and from a specimen of uncertain

origin in the Instituto de La Salle, Bogota.

COLOMBIA: Cundinamarca: Susumuco, southeast of Quetamé,

1,200 to 1,400 meters, Pennell 1729 (Y, type).

The deep lobation of the leaves is the most striking differential

character between this and its near allies. The shape of the leaves

is more like P. Lehmanni or P. trisulca, of the series Kermesinae.

288. Passiflora stipulata Aubl. Pl. Guian. 830. pl. 325. 1775.

Passiflora glauca Dryand. in Ait. Hort. Kew. 3: 308. 1789.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete; stipules semi-ovate, 1 to

3 cm. long, 0.5 to 1 cm. wide, oblique, acute and aristulate at apex,

rounded at base; petioles up to 5 cm. long, bearing 2 to 5 minute,

sessile glands; leaves 5 to 8 cm. long, 7 to 10 cm. wide, 3-lobed to

middle (lobes broadly ovate, 3 to 5 cm. wide, abruptly acuminate

or acutish, glandular in sinuses), subpeltate and cordate at base,

5-nerved, membranous, glaucous beneath; peduncles 2 to 5 cm.

long; bracts lanceolate, about 1.5 cm. long and 6 mm. wide, acute,

sessile, borne at base of flower; flowers 5 to 6 cm. wide; calyx tube

turbinate-campanulate; sepals oblong-lanceolate, 2.5 to 3 cm. long,

1 cm. wide, green without, paler within, keeled, the keel terminating

in a mucro barely 2 mm. long; petals as long as the sepals, white;

corona filaments filiform, in several series, the 2 outer as long as the

petals, white, violet at base, radiate, the succeeding series much

shorter, 2 to 3 mm. long, erect; operculum about 1 ecm. high, fila-

mentose nearly to base; limen tubular, closely surrounding base

of gynophore; ovary ovoid, glabrous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Near Mt. Serpent, French Guiana (cultivated).

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 453

ILLUSTRATIONS: Aubl. Pl. Guian. pl. 325; Bot. Reg. 1: pl. 88.

DISTRIBUTION: French Guiana, but perhaps not indigenous there;

frequently cultivated.

CALIFORNIA: Pacific Beach, Kumm in 1930 (N).

BERMUDA: Herrington Sound, cultivated, Brown & Britton 1729

(Y). St. George’s, cultivated, Brown, Britton & Worthley 1782 (Y).

CuBA: Habana: Puentes Grandes, cultivated, Leén 639 (HS, Y).

St. THOMAS: Cultivated, Britton, Britton & Kemp 33 (Y).

FRENCH GUIANA: Cultivated in England by Kennedy & Lee

(K, type of P. glauca Ait.).

Passiflora stipulata is the earliest described member of this group,

and the name has been variously applied to a number of species.

Aublet gives a meager description of only the vegetative parts, and

no flowers, bracts, or peduncles are shown in his illustration. The

type locality was French Guiana.

Passiflora glauca, described in the Hortus Kewensis in great

detail, also was based on a French Guiana plant, and there seems no

reason to doubt that it is the same species as Aublet’s. Indeed, in

the Botanical Register (1: pl. 88. 1815) P. stipulata is given as a

synonym for P. glauca. In the Flora Brasiliensis Masters separated

the two species, but cited no specimens of P. stipulata. Later

(Journ. Linn. Soc. 20: 44. 1883), in pointing out the distinguishing

characters of P. stipulata, P. glauca, P. alba (P. subpeltata), and P.

resticulata, he gave a more detailed diagnosis of P. stipulata, mention-

ing certain characters that would distinguish P. stipulata from P.

glauca, and citing a specimen from British Guiana which he had

taken for P. stipulata. However, this specimen, which I saw at-

Kew, is P. Garckei, so the differences noted by Masters are not

between P. glauca and P. stipulata but between P. stipulata and

P. Garckei.

The type of P. glauca, in the British Museum, is in an excellent

state of preservation, and the diagnosis given above has been drawn

mainly from it, and from cultivated specimens.

The region in which this species is native is uncertain. Aublet

states that his plant was collected in cultivated places, a fact which

suggests that it may not have been indigenous at the type locality.

Cultivated specimens of this are frequent in European herbaria,

their labels indicating that they came from plants grown in gardens

associated with the herbaria. A plant was in full flower at the

454 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

beautiful Sch6nbrunn Gardens at Vienna at the time of my visit

in 1935.

284. Passiflora aristulata Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt. 1:

570. 1872.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete, slender; stipules cordate

or semicordate, 10 to 15 mm. long, 8 to 10 mm. wide, aristulate;

petioles 2 to 3 cm. long, filiform, biglandular near middle, the glands

about 1 mm. long; leaves 3-lobed about to middle, 3 to 4 cm. along

midnerve, 1.5 to 2.5 em. along lateral nerves, 4 to 6 cm. between

apices of lateral lobes (lobes broadly oblong-lanceolate, 1 to 1.5 em,

wide, entire, subequal, the lateral lobes horizontally divergent) ;

petioles 1.5 to 2 em. long; bracts broadly ovate, about 10 mm. long;

8 mm. wide, cordulate, sessile, borne at base of flower, thin-mem-

branous; flowers 3 to 4.5 cm. wide; calyx tube campanulate; sepals

oblong, 1.2 to 2 cm. long, 4 to 6 mm. wide, cucullate, dorsally min-

utely subulate-mucronate, conspicuously reticulate; petals ovate-

lanceolate, slightly shorter than sepals, obtuse, purplish(?); corona

filaments in 4 series, the outer 2 filiform, about half as long as the

petals, those of the inner 2 series narrowly linear, subclavate, about

1 mm. long; operculum membranous, fimbriate in upper half, the

fringe 1.5 to 2 mm. long; limen cupuliform, closely surrounding

base of gynophore; ovary ovoid.

TYPE LOCALITY: Tarapoto, Peru.

DISTRIBUTION: Northern Peru.

PERU: San Martin: Tarapoto, Spruce 3988 (K, type). Juanjui,

Rio Huallaga, Poeppig in 1880 (Bo, V).—Loreto: Lower Rio Hua-

llaga, 200 meters, L. Williams 5180 (N). Rio Marafién, Mexia

6424 (N).

The three Peruvian species, P. tarapotina, P. subulata, and P.

aristulata, have leaves of rather similar outline, though in P. aristulata

the lateral lobes are horizontally spreading, ascending in the two

others. The flowers of the three, however, differ markedly. Passi-

flora tarapotina has a well developed calyx tube, and belongs to the

subgenus Granadillastrum. Passiflora aristulata may be distinguished

from P. subulata by the shorter tips of the sepals and by its different

coronal structure.

Passiflora aristulata is known only from northern Peru. Masters

misidentified a Lehmann collection (No. 105) of P. reflexiflora,

from the coastal region of Ecuador, as this.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 455

The Poeppig sheets are labeled “‘P. pallens Poepp. diar.,’’ and

the one at the Boissier Herbarium had evidently been lent to Masters.

From it Masters apparently derived the name “‘P. pallens Poepp.”’

for a Cuban plant, which, though of this general relationship, is

specifically distinct from the Poeppig Peruvian material. Masters

cited no Poeppig specimen under P. pallens, and his illustration

depicts the Cuban species. The Poeppig specimen is probably the

one he cited as P. alba (P. subpeltata).

285. Passiflora cyanea Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 570.

1872.

Passiflora monticola J. R. Johnston, Proc. Amer. Acad. 40: 692.

1905.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem subterete or angulate; stipules

semi-oblong-lanceolate, 2 to 4.5 cm. long, 1 to 2 cm. wide, mucronate,

subentire or slightly serrulate, reticulate-veined; petioles up to 3

em. long, 2—4-glandular near middle, the glands minute, sessile;

leaves 6 to 10 cm. long, 7 to 15 cm. wide, 3-lobed to below middle

or occasionally asymmetrically 4-lobed (lobes oblong or évate-

oblong, obtuse or acute, bearing 1 or 2 glands in sinuses, the middle

lobe usually much narrowed at base), subentire or finely serrulate,

subpeltate and truncate or rarely subcordate at base, 5-nerved,

coriaceous or subcoriaceous; peduncles up to 5 em. long; bracts

ovate-lanceolate, 4 to 5 mm. long, 2 to 3 mm. wide, acute, narrowed

at base, borne 8 to 10 mm. from base of flower; flowers up to 5 cm.

wide, blue or purplish; calyx tube turbinate-campanulate; sepals

oblong, 2 to 2.5 cm. long, 6 to 8 mm. wide, green without, dorsally

awned, the awn up to 5 mm. long; petals oblong, 2 to 2.5 em. long,

5 to 7 mm. wide; corona filaments in several series, those of the

outer 2 or 3 series filiform, 1 to 1.3 em. long, radiate, those of the

succeeding series capillary, 2 mm. long, capitellate; operculum

membranous and deflexed below, the upper two-thirds filamentose

and erect, the filaments 5 to 6 mm. long; limen cupuliform, closely

surrounding gynophore; ovary ovoid, stipitate, glaucous; fruit

globose, 2.5 to 3 cm. in diameter; seeds obovate, 5 to 6 mm. long,

3 to 4 mm. wide, 3-toothed at apex, coarsely reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Near Caracas, Venezuela.

DISTRIBUTION: Trinidad and northern Venezuela.

TRINIDAD and ToBAGO: Britton 2456 (G, N, T, Y), 2631 (G,

N, Y); Coker & Rowland 674 (G, N, Y); Fendler 374 (BM, N);

Eggers 5583 (B); Broadway 2574 (B, Cop, F, Y), 3117 (B), 3591 (B);

456 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Trinidad Herb. 2596 (T), 2597 (T), 5268 (T), 10392 (T), 10393 (T),

10394 (T), 11542 (T).

VENEZUELA: Fendler IJ.469 (K). San Juan Mountains, J. R.

Johnston 64 (B, Cop, G, type of P. monticola, N).—Federal District:

Caracas, Burchell (K, type); Putter 10267 (Gen, N, P, Y); Oslo

410 (V). La Guaira, Otto 477 (B); Moritz 1720 (BM).

This species was placed by Masters at the end of his monograph,

among a number of species of doubtful relationship. Bracts were

lacking and the operculum evidently was in unsatisfactory condition

in the type specimen. This specimen is identical, however, with

recently collected material, from which the above diagnosis has

been drawn.

286. Passiflora Garckei Mast. Trans. Linn. Soc. 27: 639. 1871;

in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 571. 1872.

Passiflorae (Sect. Granadillae) species Garcke Linnaea 22: 60.

1849. :

Passiflora pruinosa Mast. Gard. Chron. III. 22: 393. f. 117. 1897.

Passiflora glaucophylla Pulle, Enum. Pl. Surinam 323. pl. 14,

f. 1, 2, pl. 15. 1906.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem terete, or slightly angulate

above; stipules semi-ovate or subreniform, 3 to 5 em. long, 1.5 to 2

cm. wide, mucronate, reticulate-veined, remotely glandular-serrulate,

coriaceous; petioles up to 10 cm. long, 4—6-glandular, the glands

sessile, scattered; leaves 8 to 15 cm. long, 10 to 25 cm. wide, 3-lobed

to middle (lobes oblong-lanceolate, acute, acuminate, or occasionally

obtuse, usually glandular in the sinuses, the middle lobe scarcely

narrowed at base), subpeltate, truncate or subcordate, entire or

minutely serrulate, reticulate-veined, coriaceous, 5—7-nerved, usually

glaucous beneath; peduncles up to 6cm. long; bracts oblong-lanceolate,

6 to 10 mm. long, 4 to 6 mm. wide, acuminate, subcordate, borne 1

to 1.5 em. below base of flower; flowers 7.5 to 8.5 cm. wide; calyx

tube campanulate; sepals oblong, 3.5 to 4 cm. long, 0.8 to 1 cm. wide,

cucullate, dorsally awned (awn 2 to 4 mm. long), green without,

blue or purplish within; petals oblong, 3 to 3.5 em. long, 1 to 1.2 em.

wide, obtuse, blue or purplish; corona filaments in several series,

those of the 2 or 8 outer series filiform, 3 to 3.5 cm. long, violet below,

yellow above, the succeeding ones capillary, 5 to 8 mm. long, capitel-

late, whitish or yellowish; operculum white, membranous and de-

flexed at base, the upper two-thirds erect and filamentose; limen

cupuliform; ovary ovoid, glaucous; fruit subellipsoidal.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 457

TYPE LOCALITY: Surinam (type, Kegel 858).

ILLUSTRATIONS: Gard. Chron. III. 22: f. 117; Pulle, Enum. PI.

Surinam pl. 14, f. 1, 2, pl. 15; Bot. Mag. 125: pl. 7643.

DISTRIBUTION: Guianas.

FRENCH GUIANA: Richard (P); Herb. Rohr (BM).

SURINAM: Saramacca River, Pulle 223 (Ut, type of P. glauwco-

phylla). Marowijne River, Wullschlaégel 1476 (Brux). Brownsberg,

B. W. 708 (Ut), 6294 (Ut).

BRITISH GUIANA: Im Thurn (K, type of P. pruinosa). Demerara,

Hancock (K). Potaro Road, A. W. Bartlett (British Guiana Herb.

140; BG); Hitchcock 17405 (G, N, Y). Barima River, Ward (N);

Jenman 7179 (BG). Moruka River, De la Cruz 973 (N, Y). Issorora,

Abraham (British Guiana Herb. 138; BG). Upper Mazaruni River,

_ De la Cruz 4249 (N, Y).

This is readily distinguished from P. cyanea by larger, thicker

leaves, the middle lobe having nearly straight sides and the lateral

lobes being more widely divaricate, and by the much longer filaments

of the outer corona.

This plant was first described by Garcke; although the description

is in much detail, the author assigned no specific name.

Series 15. Menispermifoliae

287. Passiflora menispermifolia HBK. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2: 187.

1817.

Passiflora menispermifolia var. cuellensis Tr. & Planch. Ann.

Sci. Nat. V. Bot. 17: 154. 1873.

Passiflora villosa Dombey ex Tr. & Planch. Ann. Sci. Nat. V.

Bot. 17: 154. 1873, as synonym. Not P. villosa Vell.

Plant densely hispid-hirsute nearly throughout with spreading,

light brown hairs; stem terete or angulate upward, striate; stipules

subreniform, 1.5 to 3.5 em. long, 1 to 1.5 em. wide, cuspidate at one

end, rounded at the other, glandular-denticulate or subentire;

petioles 3 to 4 cm. long, bearing 2 to 4 short-stipitate or subsessile

glands; leaves broadly lanceolate or suborbicular in general outline,

10 to 16 cm. long, 8 to 13 cm. wide, angulately 3-lobed (lobes acute

or rounded, the middle lobe much larger, up to 10 em. wide, broadly

ovate-deltoid), cordate, 5—7-nerved, remotely glandular-denticulate

to dentate, sparingly or densely appressed-pilose above, densely

hispid-hirsute beneath; peduncles 4 to 6 cm. long; bracts narrowly.

458 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 1 to 2 cm. long, 4 to 5 mm. wide,

acuminate, cuspidate, acute to cordulate at base, glandular-den-

ticulate; flowers up to 6 cm. wide, violet; sepals lance-oblong, 2 to

2.5 em. long, about 1 cm. wide, aristulate; petals linear-oblong, 2.5

to 3 cm. long, about 0.8 cm. wide, obtuse; corona filaments in several

series, those of the outermost filiform, about 2 cm. long, the succeed-

ing filaments very dense, 5 to 7 mm. long; operculum membranous,

divided above middle into numerous capillary filaments about 5 mm.

long; limen membranous, closely surrounding base of gynophore,

minutely serrulate; ovary ovoid, obtuse, glabrous; fruit narrowly

ovoid, 6 em. or more long, about 2 em. in diameter; seeds obovate,

about 5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, coarsely reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Between Tomependa and Jaen de Bracamoras,

Peru.

ILLUSTRATION: Mutis, Icon. Pl. Ined. 26: pl. 17, 18.

DISTRIBUTION: Nicaragua to eastern Colombia and south to

southeastern Peru and Amazonian Brazil; sea level to 1,500 meters

altitude.

NICARAGUA: Chontales, R. Tate 111 (K).

Costa Rica: Tilaran, Standley & Valerio 44543 (N). Tsaki,

Tonduz 9592 (BM, Bo, Brux, N).

PANAMA: Canal Zone: Gatuncillo, Piper 5623 (N).

COLOMBIA: Santander: Between Narifio and El Tambor, Killip

& Smith 14945 (A, G, N, Y).—Boyaca: Chapoén, Lawrance 401 (S).

—Cundinamarca: Pacho, Ariste Joseph B63 (N). Below Bogota,

Tracey 64 (K).—Tolima: Rio Cuello, Goudot (K, P, type of P.

menispermifolia var. cuellensis).

ECUADOR: Sodiro (N).

PERU: Dombey (P, type of P. villosa Dombey); Mathews 2074

(K).—Cajamarca: Between Tomependa and Jaén de Bracamoras,

Humboldt & Bonpland (B, type).—Loreto: Yurimaguas, Killip &

Smith 28705 (F, N, Y). Canchahuaya, Rio Ucayali, Huber 1408

(Go). Balsapuerto, Klug 3091 (Gen, N).—Hudanuco: Chinchao,

Ruiz & Pavén (Ma).—Ayacucho: Aina, Killip & Smith 22795

(F, N, Y).—Cuzco: Urubamba Valley, Cook & Gilbert 1085 (N).

BRAZIL: Amazonas: Rio Embira, Krukoff 4897 (Gen, N, Ut, Y).

This and the following three species are at once recognizable by

the dense indument which clothes them throughout. Though of

wide range, P. menispermifolia apparently is not common.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 459

Masters confused this species with De Candolle’s description of

P. pilosa, a wholly different plant of the subgenus Plectostemma.

Triana and Planchon, in addition to pointing out the impossibility

of associating P. menispermifolia with P. pilosa, described a variety,

P. menispermifolia var. cuellensis, from Colombia, on the basis of

broader, denticulate rather than dentate leaves, and sessile, not

stipitate, glands. Most of the specimens here cited have the

denticulate leaves of the variety but short-stipitate glands as well.

The variety is hardly different enough from the Humboldt type to

be treated independently.

288. Passiflora crassifolia Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 20:

380. 1930.

Stem subterete, striate, densely villous with spreading, grayish

hairs; stipules subreniform, 1.5 to 2.5 cm. long, 0.6 to 1 cm. wide,

subamplexicaul, aristate (awn about 4 mm. long), reticulate-veined,

coriaceous, glabrous above, villous on veins beneath and at margin;

petioles villosulous, 2 to 6 cm. long, bearing 4 to 6 subsessile glands,

dissitate the whole length of the petioles, 0.6 to 0.8 mm. in dianfveter;

leaves lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 10 to 18 cm. long, 6 to 12 em.

wide, not lobed or occasionally obsoletely lobed in lower third,

obtuse at apex, deeply cordate at base with a narrow sinus, entire

or sparingly serrulate toward base, 7-nerved, reticulate-veined

(nerves and veins prominent beneath), entire, thick-coriaceous,

dark green and glabrous above, paler and appressed-villous on the

nerves and veins beneath; peduncles solitary, about 5 cm. long,

villous; bracts lanceolate, 1.5 to 2 cm. long, 7 to 8 mm. wide, sharp-

acuminate at apex, cordulate, subsessile, glabrous above, villous on

nerves and veins beneath, borne about 5 mm. below base of flower;

calyx tube tubular-campanulate, about 5 mm. long, 6 mm. in diame-

ter; sepals oblong, dorsally awned, the awn 2 to 3 mm. long; corona

filaments in 3 or 4 series, the outermost about 7 mm. long; operculum

membranous, about 5 mm. high, filamentose in upper half; fruit

ovoid or ellipsoidal, 4 to 6 cm. long, 2 to 2.5 cm. wide, villosulous;

seeds narrowly oblong, 6 to 7 mm. long, 2 to 3 mm. wide, shallowly

- tridentate at apex, coarsely reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: La Merced, Junin, Peru.

DISTRIBUTION: East-central Peru, 600 to 700 meters altitude.

PERU: Junin: La Merced, Killip & Smith 23382 (N, Y), 23434

(N, type); Macbride 5371 (F, N). Colonia Perené, Killip & Smith

25181 (N, Y).

460 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

This species is related to P. menispermifolia and P. nephrodes,

but differs from both in having essentially entire leaves. In addition,

the bracts of P. menispermifolia are much narrower and glandular-

denticulate, and in P. nephrodes the petiolar glands are much more

slender. The specimens examined are all in fruit, with badly

withered floral parts, so that an accurate description of the coronal

structure is not possible. Apparently the outermost corona filaments

are much shorter than in P. menispermifolia or P. nephrodes.

289. Passiflora nephrodes Mast. Bull. Torrey Club 17: 282. 1890.

Plant densely hirsute throughout; stem subangular; stipules

subreniform, 1.5 to 2 cm. long, 0.8 to 1 em. wide, aristate, coarsely

serrate-dentate; petioles 1 to 2 cm. long, bearing near the middle 2

or 3 stipitate glands 2 to 3 mm. long; leaves 6 to 13 em. long, 5 to

9 em. wide, 3-lobed (middle lobe ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 3 to 5

cm. wide, one-half to two-thirds the length of the blade, acute or

subobtuse, the lateral lobes deltoid-ovate), subcordate, denticulate;

peduncles 4 to 6 cm. long, in fruit much longer; bracts borne about _

3 mm. below the base of the flower, ovate-lanceolate, 1 to 2 cm. long,

0.7 to 1 em. wide, serrate; flowers 6 to 8 cm. wide; sepals oblong, 3 to

3.5 cm. long, 1 to 1.2 cm. wide, obtuse, dorsally awned just below

apex; petals linear-oblong, slightly shorter and narrower than the

sepals; corona filaments filiform, in several series, the outermost 2.5

to 3 cm. long, radiate, proximally purple, distally white, those of the

succeeding series 3 to 6 mm. long, erect; operculum membranous at

base, filamentose above, the filaments 5 to 8 mm. long; limen mem-

branous, 3 mm. high, closely surrounding the base of the gynophore;

ovary ovoid, hirsute; fruit ovoid, about 4 em. long and 2 ecm. in

diameter, narrowed at base; seeds obovate, about 6 mm. long and

3 mm. wide, reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Unduavi, Bolivia.

DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Peru to western Bolivia and Amazonian

Brazil, up to 2,500 meters altitude.

PERU: Junin: Yapas, Pichis Trail, Killip & Smith 25447 (F, N, Y).

—Cuzco: Lares Valley, Weberbawer 7920 (N).

BOLIvIA: Beni: Rurrenabaque, Rusby (Mulford Biol. Expl. 1576;

Y).—La Paz: Unduavi, 2,500 meters, Rusby 494 (Y, type). Espi-

ritu Santo, Bang 1251, in part (B, Bo, Ph, V, Y).

BRAZIL: Amazonas: Jurua, Ule 5830 (B).

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 461

The densely hirsute ovary distinguishes this species from both

P. menispermifolia and P. hastifolia. The form of the leaves is

intermediate between these two species.

290. Passiflora hastifolia Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 14:

113. 1924.

Plant densely hirsute throughout (except flowers) with stiff,

white hairs; stem terete; stipules subreniform, 1.2 to 1.5 em. long,

5 to 6 mm. wide, aristate, coarsely dentate at base, subentire above;

petioles up to 3 cm. long, bearing 2 to 4 stipitate glands about 1.5

mm. long; leaves 4 to 7 cm. long, 6 to 9 cm. wide, hastate (lobes

acute, the middle lobe ovate-lanceolate, 2 to 3 times as long as the

lateral lobes, 2 to 3.5 cm. wide, the lateral lobes divergent), sub-

cordate, 5-nerved, minutely denticulate or subentire, membranous;

peduncles not seen; bracts ovate, 1 to 1.3 cm. long, about 7 mm.

wide, acute, glandular-serrate; flowers about 5 cm. wide; sepals 1.5

to 2 cm. long, 6 to 7 mm. wide, corniculate at apex, dark green with-

out, white at margin, white within; petals oblong-lanceolate, 1 to

1.5 em. long, 4 to 5 mm. wide, obtuse, white; corona filaments fili-

form, in several series, the outermost 1 to 1.2 em. long, pink at apex,

white at middle, purple at base, the succeeding 4 or 5 series composed

of numerous purple filaments 3 to 5 mm. long; operculum inflexed

at base, membranous below, filamentose above, the filaments erect;

limen membranous, closely surrounding base of gynophore; ovary

ovoid, glabrous, pruinose.

TYPE LOCALITY: Milluguaya, North Yungas, Bolivia.

DISTRIBUTION: Western Bolivia.

Bo.Livia: La Paz: Milluguaya, North Yungas, 1,300 meters,

Buchtien 4356 (N, type). Yungas, Weddell 4251 (P).

The indument which covers this plant nearly throughout is very

similar to that of P. nephrodes. The leaves, however, are truly

hastate, the inner corona filaments are much shorter, and the ovary

is glabrous.

Subgenus XIX. DYSOSMIA

291. Passiflora clathrata Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 580.

pl..110, f.1.. 1872;

Erect, subligneous herb, up to 35 em. high, densely hirsute

throughout; stem terete; stipules semi-annular about stem, deeply

laciniate, the segments gland-tipped; petioles 3 to 8 mm. long, gland-

less; leaves ovate or oblong-ovate, 3 to 6 cm. long, 1.5 to 3.5 em.

wide, unlobed or obsoletely lobed toward apex, rounded or obtuse

462 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

at apex, rounded at base, denticulate or subentire, 3-nerved, mem-

branous, appressed-hirsute with golden brown hairs on both sur-

faces; peduncles solitary, up to 1 cm. long, slender; bracts 1.5 to 2

em. long, 0.5 to 1 cm. wide, deeply bipinnatisect (ultimate segments

gland-tipped), hirsute; flowers about 5 cm. wide; calyx tube cam-

panulate; sepals lance-oblong, about 1.5 cm. long, 6 to 8 mm. wide,

. dorsally aristate, greenish without, greenish white within; petals

linear-oblong, subequal to sepals, greenish white; corona filaments

‘in 4 series, those of 2 the outer radiate, filiform, 1 to 1.3 cm. long,

purple at apex and base, white at middle, those of the inner series

capillary, about 1.5 mm. long, white proximally, purplish distally;

operculum membranous, about 1 mm. high, denticulate, white;

limen a low, annular ridge; ovary subglobose, densely white-villous;

fruit ovoid, yellow.

TYPE LOCALITY: Central Brazil.

ILLUSTRATION: Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: pl. 110, f. 1.

DISTRIBUTION: Central Brazil, states of Goyaz, Minas Geraes,

and Matto Grosso.

BRAZIL: Sello 2335 (B, type).—Goyaz: Douro, Gardner 3192

(K).—Matto Grosso: Cuyaba, Malme in 1902 (S).—Minas Geraes:

Lagéa Santa, Warming 1172 (Cop), in 1864 (Cop, N); St. Hilaire

465 (P), 2157 (P); Claussen 377 (P, V); Glaziou (P). Caldas, Mosén

528 (S); Widgren 578 (S). Caldas, Martius 361a (Brux), 623 (Brux).

Bello Horizonte, Jard. Bot. Bello Horizonte 17907 (N).

This is a well marked species, at once recognized in Dysosmia by

its erect habit and entire leaves.

292. Passiflora Urbaniana Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17:

426. 1927.

Plant scandent, with slender tendrils; stem terete, softly ferrugi-

nous-villosulous or tomentulous toward end; stipules minute, semi-

annular, barely 0.5 mm. long; petioles 5 to 10 mm. long, glandless,

densely ferruginous-tomentose; leaves oblong or lance-oblong, 4.5

to 9 em. long, 2 to 4 cm. wide, obtuse or rounded at apex, cordulate,

entire or remotely undulate-crenulate, 3 (or 5)-nerved (nerves im-

pressed above, the secondary nerves 5 to 7 on each side), coriaceous

or subcoriaceous, minutely hispidulous above, densely and softly

ferruginous-tomentose beneath; peduncles 5 to 8 cm. long, pilosulous;

bracts 2 to 3.5 em. long, 1 to 1.5 cm. wide, viscous, deeply bipinnati-

sect; flowers about 5 cm. wide; calyx tube short-campanulate; sepals

oblong, about 2 cm. long and 6 mm. wide, obtuse, greenish and

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 463

hirsutulous without, 3-nerved, the middle nerve carinate toward

apex and terminating in a short horn; petals linear, slightly shorter

than the sepals, lavender; corona filaments in 5 series, those of the

2 outer filiform, about 1.38 cm. long, violet at base, radiate, those of

_ the inner series almost capillary, about 2 mm. long, erect; operculum

membranous, erect, about 1 mm. high, minutely denticulate; limen

similar to the operculum, about 2 mm. high; ovary subglobose,

densely white-villous-tomentose; fruit globose, about 3.5 cm. in

diameter, villous; seeds oblong-cuneate, about 4 mm. long and 3 mm.

wide, shallowly tridentate, finely reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Santiago de Las Vegas, Province of Habana,

Cuba, where cultivated.

DISTRIBUTION: British Honduras; cultivated in Cuba.

BRITISH HONDURAS: Churchyard Pine Ridge, Sibun River,

Gentle 1826 (Mich).

CuBA: Habana: Santiago de Las Vegas, cultivated, Baker 2588

(B, Cal, HV, N, type, P, Ph, Y); Luna 409 (HS). |

This species was based upon specimens of a plant grown in Cuba

from seeds said to have been brought from British Honduras. It was

not collected in its native country, however, until 1986. Its relation-

ship is with the Brazilian P. clathrata.

293. Passiflora lepidota Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 581.

1872.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem slender, terete, wiry; stipules

soon deciduous; petioles up to 1 cm. long, glandless; leaves angulately

3-lobed or subentire and nearly reniform, 1.5 to 3 em. along mid-

nerve, 3 to 5 cm. at greatest width (lobes orbicular or orbicular-ovate,

rounded at apex), deeply cordate, 3—5-nerved, membranous, green

and lustrous above, purplish and covered with numerous yellowish,

suborbicular, peltate scales beneath; peduncles solitary, 2 to 3 cm.

long; bracts 1 to 1.8 em. long, 3—5-cleft on each side to below middle,

bearing at margin and at tips of segments scales similar to those on

leaves; flowers 2 to 2.5 cm. wide; calyx tube campanulate; sepals

lance-oblong, about 1.5 cm. long, 0.4 em. wide; petals similar to the

sepals; corona filaments in 4 series, those of the 2 outer filiform,

about 8 mm. long, radiate, those of the 2 inner series capillary, 1

mm. long; operculum membranous, denticulate, recurved at margin;

ovary subglobose, glabrous; fruit globose, about 2.5 cm. in diameter,

the exocarp coriaceous, orange, reddish-maculate; seeds narrowly

464 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL History—BotTany, Vou. XIX

oblong, about 5.5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, punctate with numerous

small depressions.

TYPE LOCALITY: Southern Brazil.

DISTRIBUTION: Southern Brazil.

BRAZIL: “Southern Brazil,’ Sello (B, type).—Sa&o Paulo: Brade

73892 (B).—Parana: Vista Velha, Jonsson 1071a (S); Dusén 7263

(S). Morungava, Dusén 16569 (S). Turma, Dusén in 1909 (S).

- Capao Bonito, Dusén 16906 (S).

This is another one of the easily recognized species of Dysosmia.

The leaves are unusually small for the subgenus and are densely

covered beneath with round, peltate, yellowish scales, which Masters

likens to those of Rhododendron ferrugineum. The stipules are

narrowly triangular.

294. Passiflora Palmeri Rose, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 1: 131.

pl. 14. 1892.

Low, flat-topped, viscous shrub, 50 cm. high, the crown 80 to 120

cm. wide, with short branches lopping over the skeleton of the plant;

branches densely pilose with white or yellowish, unequal hairs; stip-

ules semi-annular about the stem, deeply cleft into filiform, gland-

tipped divisions; petioles 1 to 1.5 em. long, pilose, bearing numerous

coarse, gland-tipped hairs; leaves 1 to 3 cm. long, 2 to 4 cm. wide,

8-lobed (lobes orbicular, rounded), cordate, 3—5-nerved, serrulate

and densely glandular-ciliate, densely brown-hirsute-tomentose,

glutinous on both surfaces; peduncles 4 to 5 cm. long; bracts 2 to 4

cm. long, 8 to 12 mm. wide, pilose, deeply bipinnatisect into capillary,

gland-tipped segments; flowers 5 to 7 cm. wide; sepals linear, 3.5 em.

long, 4 mm. wide, 3-nerved, pilose and greenish without, glabrous

and white within, slender-awned dorsally just below apex; petals

linear, 2 to 3 em. long, 3 mm. wide, white, 1-nerved; corona filaments

in several series, those of the 2 outer series erect, capillary, barely 2.5

mm. long, light blue to deep purple, the tips paler, the succeeding

series consisting of minute threads about 0.5 mm. long; operculum

membranous, nonplicate, minutely denticulate; limen erect, mem-

branaceous, about 3 mm. high, the margin recurved, minutely

crenulate; gynophore slender, 2 cm. long, glabrous, violet at base,

white above; ovary subglobose, sericeo-villous; fruit globose, 2.5 to

3 cm. in diameter, densely pilose; seeds oblong or narrowly cuneate,

6 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, 3-toothed at apex, reticulate with about 30

meshes to each face.

TYPE LOCALITY: Carmen Island, Lower California.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 465

ILLUSTRATION: Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 1: pl. 14.

DISTRIBUTION: Lower California.

Mexico: Lower California: Carmen Island, Palmer 868 (Bo, Cal,

F, G, K, N, type, S); Rose 16615 (N); I. M. Johnston 3823 (Cal, G,

K, N, Y). Concepcién Bay, Rose 16691 (N). Palm Canyon, Angel

de La Guardia Island, J. M. Johnston 3397 (Cal, G, K, N), 3406

(Cal, G, N, Y). San Esteban Island, J. M. Johnston 3167 (Cal, G,

K, N). South San Lorenzo Island, J. M. Johnston 3536 (Cal, G,

K, N). Las Animas Bay, J. M. Johnston 3500 (A, Cal, G, K, N,

Y). San Marcos Island, J. M. Johnston 3640 (Cal, G, N). Mulegé,

I. M. Johnston 3659 (Cal, N). San Nicolas Bay, J. M. Johnston 3721

(Cal, G, K, N). Coronado Island, J. M. Johnston 3759 (Cal, N).

Puerto Escondido, I. M. Johnston 3848 (Cal). Agua Verde Bay,

I. M. Johnston 3882 (Cal, G, K, N); Collins, Kearney & Kempton

234 (N), 234A (N). Comondt, Brandegee in 1889 (N). San José

del Cabo, Bailey 225 (N).

This is at once distinguishable from the other representatives of

Dysosmia by its flowers, which are two or three times as large as

those of allied species. The sepals and petals are long and relatively

narrow, the outer filaments of the corona are small and inconspicu-

ous, and the gynophore is much elongated.

LOCAL NAME: “Sandillita.”’

294a. Passiflora Palmeri var. sublanceolata Killip, Carnegie Inst.

Wash. Publ. 461: 322. 1936.

Leaves lanceolate in general outline, 3 to 5 cm. long, 2 to 3.5

cm. wide, the basal lobes much reduced; bracts 2 to 2.5 em. long,

8 to 10 mm. wide; flowers “bright scarlet” or ‘‘rose-red.”’

TYPE LOCALITY: Between Uaxacttin and San Clemente, Depart-

ment of Petén, Guatemala.

DISTRIBUTION: Southeastern Mexico and northeastern part of

Guatemala.

MEXxXIco: Campeche: Tuxpefia, Lundell 1352 (Mich).—Yucatan:

Chichankanab, Gaumer 23671 (F, Gen, N, Y).

GUATEMALA: Petén: Between Uaxactin and San Clemente,

Bartlett 12788 (Mich, N, type).

295. Passiflora fruticosa Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 12: 256.

1922.

Low shrub with an erect caudex, 20 to 40 em. high, and a few

short, sprawling branches; branches and tendrils densely white-

466 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

lanate, the tendrils often wanting; stipules semi-annular about stem,

deeply cleft into filiform, gland-tipped divisions; petioles 5 to 15 mm.

long, densely lanate, destitute of true petiolar glands but bearing

numerous gland-tipped hairs; leaves orbicular in outline, usually 0.5 —

to 2 em. long and wide, rarely up to 3.5 em., 3-lobed (lobes subequal,

rounded), 3—5-nerved, densely glandular-ciliate, lanate with soft,

white to dark brown wool, glutinous; peduncles 1 to 2.5 cm. long;

bracts up to 4 em. long, 2.5 cm. wide, bipinnatisect, hirsute, copiously |

covered with gland-tipped hairs; flowers 2.5 to 3 cm. wide; sepals

ovate-lanceolate, 1 to 1.38 cm. long, 6 mm. wide at base, densely

velvety-pubescent without, glabrous within; petals 5 to 7 mm. long,

4 mm. wide, obovate, glabrous; corona filaments in several series,

those of the outer 2 about 1 cm. long, filiform, the succeeding series

consisting of minute, capillary threads 1.5 to 2 mm. long; operculum

membranous, the apex minutely denticulate; limen cupuliform, 1.5

mm. high, entire, recurved at margin; ovary subglobose, sericeous;

fruit subglobose, 2.5 cm. in diameter, densely sericeous; seeds oblong,

minutely 3-toothed at apex, truncate at base, flattened, 5 mm. long,

2.5 mm. wide, reticulate with about 25 meshes to each face.

TYPE LOCALITY: Santa Margarita Island, Lower California.

(The type locality originally given for this was Santa Maria Bay,

this name having been entered on the label.) |

DISTRIBUTION: Lower California.

Mexico: Lower California: Santa Margarita Island, Rose 16285

(N, type, Y). Magdalena Island, Brandegee in 1889 (Cal, F, G,

Minn, N, Po); Orcutt 70 (N). Magdalena Bay, Mason 1919 (N);

Solis in 1925 (N). Espiritu Santo, Brandegee (Cal, G); Bryant

(Cal); I. M. Johnston 3978 (Cal, G). San Francisco Island, J. M.

Johnston 3951 (Cal, G, N); Collins, Kearney & Kempton 188 (N).

La Paz, Nujiez in 1919 (N). Comondi, Brandegee in 1889 (N).

Aguaje de Santa Ana, Nelson & Goldman 7194 (N).

This plant has the dense indument of P. Palmeri and P. arida.

Like P. Palmeri it is a low shrub: with sprawling branches, and is

very viscous. The flowers are smaller, with a shorter gynophore and

proportionately longer outer corona filaments. The leaves are

smaller than in P. Palmeri, and the indument of the stem is densely

matted, almost lanate, not of soft, straight hairs. It is distinguished

from P. arida by its shrubby habit, extreme viscosity, and usually

small leaves with suborbicular lobes.

Dr. I. M. Johnston has supplied the writer with valuable notes,

made from field observations, on the species of this subgenus in

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 467

Lower California. In regard to P. fruticosa he says, ‘It has a very

loose, shrubby upright caudex, 2-4 dm. high and a few rather short,

sprawling stems. It differs from Palmeri in being smaller, more open,

and more spreading. Like Palmeri it has very oily herbage, which

stains the collecting sheets, but it differs in the amount of glands.’’

296. Passiflora chrysophylla Chod. Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7, App. 1:

75. 1899.

Passiflora australis Chod. Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7, App. 1. 75, 1899.

Passiflora chrysophylla var. hastata Chod. Bull. Herb. Boiss. II.

2: 745. 1902.

(?) Passiflora chrysophylla var. sericea Chod. Bull. Herb. Boiss. II.

2: 745. 1902.

(?)Passtflora chrysophylla f. solanacea Chod. & Hassl. Bull. Herb.

Boiss. II. 4: 61. 19038. .

Passiflora chrysophylla var. concepcionis Chod. & Hassl. Bull.

Herb. Boiss. II. 4: 61. 1903.

(?) Passiflora chrysophylla f. apaensis Chod. & Hassl. Bull. Herb.

Boiss. II. 4: 61. 19038. y

Plant scandent or occasionally suberect, the lower portion woody;

stem terete, sulcate, densely flavo-tomentose; tendrils present, often

very slender and reduced; stipules minute, semi-annular about and

closely appressed to the stem, entire, about 2 mm. long and 0.5 mm.

wide; petiolés up to 4 cm. long, yellowish-tomentose; leaves 4 to 10

cm. long, 5 to 10 cm. wide, hastate or subsagittate (lobes obtuse, the

middle lobe elliptic or oblong-lanceolate, 1 to 2 cm. wide, about twice

as long as the lateral lobes), repand or subentire, rarely lobulate,

yellowish-lanuginous above, yellowish- or grayish-tomentose be-

neath; peduncles solitary, up to 3 cm. long; bracts once pinnatifid,

the uncut portion linear, up to 2 cm. long, about 1 mm. wide, bearing

small, yellowish glands along margin and at tips of the segments,

the segments few, divaricate, up to 4 mm. long; flowers up to 6 cm.

wide; sepals linear-lanceolate, 2 to 2.5 em. long, 5 to 8 mm. wide,

obtuse, aristate dorsally just below apex, appressed-hirsute and

resinous-glandular without; petals linear-lanceolate, 1 to 1.2 em.

long, 3 to 5 mm. wide, white; corona filaments filiform, rose, bluish,

or purplish, in several series, the outer about 1 cm. long, the inner

barely 2 mm. long; operculum membranous, erect, denticulate;

limen saucer-shaped; ovary subglobose, pilose; styles pilose.

TYPE LOCALITY: Cordillera de Altos, Paraguay.

DISTRIBUTION: Paraguay, Uruguay, and northern Argentina.

468 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

PARAGUAY: Cordillera de Altos, Hassler 139 (Bo, type); Fiebrig

403 (Gen). Concepcion, Hassler 7418* (BM, type collection of P.

chrysophylla f. solanacea), 7547 (BM, Bo, type of P. chrysophylla

var. concepcionis, Gen, K); Kuntze in 1892* (F). Rio Y-aca, Hassler

6878* (BM). Itacurubi, Hassler 39 (Bo, type of P. australis). Rio

Yhut, Hassler 9562* (BM, Gen, K, P, V). Rio Paraguay, Hassler

6360* (Gen). Rio Apa, Hassler 4825 (B), 7804 (BM, type collection

of P. chrysophylla f. apaensis); Fiebrig 4825 (BM, Gen), 5286 (G).

Gran Chaco, Hassler 2360 (B, BM, Bo, Gen, K, P, V). Tapiraguay,

Hassler 4329 (BM, Bo, Gen, K, P, V). Rio Capibary, Hassler 5934

(B, BM, Bo, type of P. chrysophylla var. hastata, G, Gen, K, V).

Asuncion, Gibert 103 (K, type of P. chrysophylla var. sericea);

Balansa 2200 (Bo, Gen); Morong 223 (Y). Recoleta, Lindman

A2183* (S). Bahia de Conchas, Anisits 2287 (S). Campo Grande,

Archer 4948 (N).

Uruauay: Montevideo, Fruchard 1031* (P).

ARGENTINA: Formosa: Las Lomitas, Parodi 8400 (G).—Chaco:

Fontana, Meyer 161 (N).

The specimens previously cited as being definitely referable to

P. chrysophylla have an assemblage of characters that set them apart

from P. foetida. The stem is densely tomentose with yellowish hairs;

stipules are not cleft; bracts have a main rachis from which arise

filiform segments which are not divided; along this rachis and at the

tip of the segments are resinous glands, these being borne also on the

outside of the sepals. The structure of the flower, however, does not

differ from that of P. foetida.

In dealing with this species, as well as with the varieties of P.

foetida in southern South America, I have been handicapped by the

fact that the flora of this region is poorly represented in North

American herbaria, and that I have not had all together at one time

for careful study the far more abundant material of this group pre-

served in European herbaria. In the course of visits made to Europe

in 1925, 1932, and 1935, I have been able to find solutions to many

of the problems in Passifloraceae, but P. chrysophylla and the va-

rieties of P. foetida in southern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and

Argentina are still to be worked out to my satisfaction.

Most of the work on the Passifloraceae of these southern countries

has been that of Professor Chodat in connection with his report on

the Hassler Paraguayan collection. Chodat had an abundance of

material for study, and proposed varieties and forms of P. chryso-

phylla and P. foetida with much the same freedom that I have in

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 469

dealing with Dysosmia in Mexico and Central America, a region

richly represented in the herbaria of the United States. Although I

have seen most of Chodat’s types, my notes upon them now seem

all too inadequate, and I am reluctant definitely to reduce his numer-

ous varieties and forms. There seems, moreover, an element of

inconsistency in refusing recognition to another’s variants and at the

same time proposing a multitude of varieties from other regions.

In the foregoing list of specimens examined I have included all

those which from my notes I believe represent P. chrysophylla. Those

which on re-examination may prove to belong to a variety of it or to

some other species of Dysosmia are accompanied by an asterisk.

297. Passiflora arida (Mast. & Rose) Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad.

Sci. 12: 256. 1922.

Passiflora foetida var. arida Mast. & Rose, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb.

5: 182. 1899.

Plant not viscous; stem profusely branched at base, densely

lanate throughout with a soft, white indument; stipules semi-annular

about stem, deeply cleft into subulate divisions; petioles 5 to 8 mm.

long (or the lowermost occasionally up to 3.5 em.), glandless; leaves

3 to 4 cm. long, 4 to 5 cm. wide, 3-lobed (lobes orbicular or oblong,

nearly equal, rounded or acutish at apex), cordate at base, 3-5-

nerved (nerves and veins prominent beneath), densely lanate on

both surfaces with a matted, grayish, golden brown, or reddish

brown indument; peduncles 1.5 to 3 cm. long; bracts lanate with

reddish brown or whitish hairs, bipinnatifid into linear-subulate

segments, destitute of glands; flowers 2.5 to 3.5 cm. wide; sepals

ovate-lanceolate, about 1.5 em. long, 7 mm. wide, obtuse, aristate

dorsally just below apex, green and hirsute without, white and

glabrous within; petals oblong, 1 cm. long, 4 mm. wide, white;

corona filaments in several series, the outer 2 series with narrowly

linear filaments averaging 8 mm. long, violet-blue, those of the inner

3 to 5 series capillary, barely 1 mm. long; operculum 1 mm. high,

minutely denticulate; limen cup-shaped, 1.5 mm. high, recurved at

margin, entire; gynophore white, marked with oblong, purple or

magenta spots; ovary subglobose, densely sericeous; fruit subglobose,

3 cm. in diameter, pubescent; seeds flattened, 3 to 5 mm. long, 2 to

3 mm. wide, oblong, 3-toothed at the apex, truncate at the base,

reticulate, the meshes 0.5 mm. in diameter, about 25 to each face.

TYPE LOCALITY: Guaymas, Sonora, Mexico.

DISTRIBUTION: Lower California and northwestern Mexico.

470 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Mexico: Lower California: Comondt, Bryant (N). La Paz,

I. M. Johnston 3069 (Cal, G, K, N). Magdalena Bay, Lung (Cal).

San Esteban Island, IJ. M. Johnston 3200 (Cal, G, N), 4402 (Cal).

Tortuga Island, J. M. Johnston 3598 (Cal, G, N), 4200 (Cal, N).

San Francisquito Bay, I. M. Johnston 3544 (Cal, G, K, N, Y).

Guadalupe Point, Concepcién Bay, I. M. Johnston 4158 (Cal, G,

N).—Sonora: Guaymas, Rose 1206 (G, N, type); Rose, Standley &

Russell 15041 (N); Palmer 91 (BM, G, N, Y). Hermosillo, Maltby

206 (N). San Pedro Bay, I. M. Johnston 4298 (Cal, G, N). Verrugo

Pass, MacDougal & Shreve 1 (N). ‘Northwestern Sonora,” Pringle

52 (G).—Sinaloa: Mazatlan, Rose, Standley & Russell 13688 (N);

Ortega 7230 (N).

This species is apparently confined to the arid regions of Lower

California and the northwestern part of Mexico. It is a true vine

and completely lacks the ‘‘oiliness’”” which characterizes P. fruticosa

and P. Palmert.

LOCAL NAME: “Corona de la reina.”’

297a. Passiflora arida var. cerralbensis Killip, var nov.

Caules, petioli, pedunculi pilis albidis dense et molliter villosuli;

folia pilis lucidis aureo-brunnescentibus lanuginoso-hirsuta; bracteae

pilosae, segmentis filiformibus.

Stem, petioles, and peduncles densely and softly villosulous with

short, white hairs, not lanate; leaves lanuginous-hirsute ‘with lus-

trous, golden brown hairs, slightly paler beneath; bracts pilose, the

segments filiform.

Type in the United States National Herbarium, No. 1,209,271,

collected at Ruffo’s Ranch, Cerralbo Island, Gulf of California,

Mexico, June 7, 1921, by I. M. Johnston (No. 4043). Duplicates at

Cal, G, and K.

DISTRIBUTION: Lower California.

Mexico: Lower California: Between San Pedro and La Paz,

Nelson & Goldman 7480 (N). Between La Paz and Ventana, Collins,

Kearney & Kempton 92 (N).

This is distinguished from typical P. arida by the indument and

the more slender segments of the bracts.

297b. Passifiora arida var. pentaschista Killip, var. nov.

Folia ad basin 5-secta, segmentis sinuato-lobatis.

Leaves 5-cleft to base, the divisions sinuate-lobed.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 471

Type in the United States National Herbarium, No. 313,891,

collected at San José del Cabo, Lower California, in 1897, by A. W.

Anthony (No. 333). Duplicates at Cal and G.

DISTRIBUTION: Lower California.

Mexico: Lower California: San José del Cabo, Rose 16464 (N);

Brandegee 228 (Cal); Grabendorfer in 1899 (Cal).

The leaves of this variety differ greatly from those of typical

P. arida, but otherwise no important differences are discernible.

298. Passiflora pectinata Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. I. 294. 1859.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem subangular, striate, rather stout;

stipules deeply cleft into linear or subulate, gland-tipped segments;

petioles 1 to 2 cm. long, often bearing a few stiff, gland-tipped hairs;

leaves cordate-deltoid, 4 to 7 cm. long, 3 to 6 cm. wide, obscurely

hastate or not lobed, acute or obtusish at apex, deeply cordate at

base, repand-crenulate (often with minute glands in the sinuses of

the crenations at the tips of the nerves), 5-nerved, coriaceous, often

sublustrous; peduncles solitary, 2 to 3 cm. long; bracts 2 to 3 cm, long

pectinate or once pinnatifid (segments gland-tipped, scarcely longer

than width of rachis), rarely bipinnatifid, but the rachis at least 2 mm.

wide; flowers 5 to 8 cm. wide, white; sepals linear or linear-lance-

olate, 2.5 to 3.5 cm. long, 5 to 8 mm. wide at base, obtuse, corniculate

just below apex, the horn up to 7 mm. long, subfoliaceous; petals

linear, 2 to 3 cm. long, 4 to 6 mm. wide, obtuse, white; corona fila-

ments in several series, those of the 2 outer narrowly ligulate, the

outermost 1 to 1.5 cm. long, the second 6 to 8 mm. long, the suc-

ceeding 2 or 3 series consisting of filiform threads 2 to 3 mm. long;

operculum membranous, barely 1 mm. high, denticulate; ovary

ovoid, tapering at apex; fruit subglobose, 2 to 3 cm. in diameter,

deep pink; seeds oblong, about 5 mm. long, 4 mm. wide, tridentate

at apex, shallowly coarsely reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Turk Island, Bahamas.

ILLUSTRATION: Britton, Fl. Bermuda, 252.

DISTRIBUTION: Bermuda, Bahamas, and northern Hispaniola.

BERMUDA: Brown, Britton & Seaver 1134 (B, BM, F, N, Ph, Y);

Brown & Britton 873 (B, BM, F, N, Ph, Y), 899 (F, Ph, Y), 974 (F,

Ph, ¥);

BAHAMAS: Hyalmarson (K, type); Brace 455 (K, Y), 4090 (N, Y),

4609 (F, N, Y); Britton & Millspaugh 2825 (F, G, N, Y), 5665 (F,

Y), 5926 (F, N, Y), 5988 (F, N, Y); Millspaugh & Millspaugh 9033

472 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

(F), 9033bis (F), 9818 (F); Wilson 7278 (F, K, Y), 7661 (F, K, Y),

7838 (F, K, Y); Eggers 2857 (B, F), 3802 (B, BM, Bo, Gen, K, N,

P), 4013a (B); Hitchcock in 1890 (F); Nash & Taylor 3804 (F, Y);

Fairchild 2569 (N).

Haiti: Tortue Island, Leonard & Leonard 15335 (N), 15336

(K, N), 15382 (N), 15398 (N); Ekman H4158 (N, S).

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Schomburgk 141 (B, BM, K).

This species is at once recognized by the shape of bracts. The

flowers are larger than in P. foetida, the sepals being linear or linear-

lanceolate, as in P. Palmeri.

299. Passiflora bahamensis Britton, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 5:

315. 1907.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem subterete, striate, slender,

purplish; stipules cleft nearly to base into narrowly linear or filiform,

gland-tipped segments; petioles 1 to 3 cm. long, usually bearing a

few stiff, gland-tipped hairs; leaves panduriform, 4 to 6 em. (or up

to 17 cm.?) long, 2.5 to 4 em. wide (or wider?), 3-lobed middle lobe

much elongate, 1.5 to 2 cm. wide, abruptly acuminate, often slightly

narrowed to base, the lateral lobes more or less dependent, round

or slightly angular, 3—5-nerved, glandular-denticulate, coriaceous,

bright green, sublustrous above; peduncles solitary, up to 4 em.

long; bracts 2 to 3 cm. long, 1 to 1.5 cm. wide, deeply 2-3-pinnatisect,

the ultimate filiform segments gland-tipped; sepals lanceolate or

ovate-lanceolate, about 1.5 cm. long, 1 cm. wide, obtuse, dorsally

awned just below apex, the awn 2 to 2.5 mm. long; petals ovate-

oblong, slightly shorter than sepals; corona filaments in 5 series,

those of the 2 outer filiform, 8 to 10 mm. long, those of the 3 inner

series capillary, 1 to 1.5 mm. long; operculum membranous, minutely

denticulate; limen cup-shaped; ovary ovoid, glabrous; fruit globose,

1.5 to 2 cm. in diameter, “bright-red and shining when ripe’’; seeds

oblong, about 4 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: New Providence, Bahamas.

DISTRIBUTION: Bahamas.

BAHAMAS: Curtiss 209 (F, G, Minn, N, Y); Small & Carter 8507

(Y), 8571 (Y), 8754 (F, N, Y); Britton & Millspaugh 2102 (F, Y),

5833 (F, Y); Millspaugh 2130 (F); Britton & Brace 392 (Y, type);

Brace 223 (Y), 5022 (F, Y), 5191 (F, Y), 6861 (F, Y), 7101 (F, Y);

Wilson 7189 (F, Y); Britton 55 (Y); Coker 70 (Y); Eggers 4442

(Cop); Northrop 391 (B, Bo, G, K); Rothrock 378 (Penn).

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 473

The shape of the leaves of this species is quite uniform, and very

different from that of other representatives of Dysosmia. The bracts

are of the P. foetida,not the P. pectinata, type.

300. Passiflora vestita Killip, sp. nov.

Herba scandens tota rufo-hirsuta; folia trilobata, lobis ovato-

lanceolatis, acutis vel acuminatis, lateralibus suberectis, sinu cum

lobo medio acuto vel subacuto, ad basin truncata vel cordata, dense

glanduloso-ciliata; bracteae 1-—2-pinnatisectae, segmentis paucis,

ultimis glanduliferis; fructus globosus, rufo-hirsutus; semina obcu-

neata, 8 mm. longa, 5 mm. lata, apice tridentata, margine laevia,

medio 10-reticulata, brunnea, nitida.

Herbaceous vine, densely rufo-hirsute nearly throughout; stem

subterete; stipules semi-annular about stem, laciniate-cleft to about

1 mm. from base into filiform, gland-tipped segments; petioles 6 to

15 em. long, rufo-hirsute, bearing in addition numerous gland-tipped

hairs about 3 mm. long; leaves 7 to 15 cm. along midnerve, 5 to 12

cm. along lateral nerves, 6 to 12 cm. wide, 3-lobed (lobes ovate-

lanceolate, acute or acuminate, the lateral lobes suberect, the,sinus

between them and the middle lobe acute or subacute), truncate or

cordate at base, densely glandular-ciliate at margin, membranous,

dark green above, paler beneath; peduncles solitary, 4 to 5 cm. long,

stout; bracts 4 to 5 em. long, pinnatisect or obscurely twice pinnati-

sect, the segments relatively few, the ultimate segments filiform,

gland-tipped; calyx tube and sepals densely grayish-hirsute without;

fruit globose, about 4 cm. in diameter, deep yellow, rufo-hirsute;

seeds obcuneate, about 8 mm. long, 5 mm. wide, tridentate at apex,

reticulate at middle of each face with about 10 reticulations, smooth

toward margin, dark brown, lustrous.

Type in United States National Herbarium, No. 1,356,534, col-

lected in forest between Yurimaguas and Balsapuerto (lower Huallaga

basin), Department of Loreto, Peru, altitude 185 to 150 meters,

August 26, 1929, by E. P. Killip and A. C. Smith (No. 28126).

Duplicates at F and Y.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from type locality,’ northern Peru.

The material here described was past its prime when collected,

the flowers being badly withered. It clearly represents a species of

the subgenus Dysosmia, but it can not be referred to P. foetida, even

taking that species in the widest sense possible, or to any other

described species. The lateral leaf lobes are erect, nearly as long as

the middle lobe, and the sinuses between the lobes are acute; the

474 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

bracts are not repeatedly cleft as in the case of most varieties of

P. foetida or most other species of Dysosmia. The seeds are fully

three times as large as in other representatives of the subgenus,

being about the same size as those of P. quadrangularis.

301. Passiflora foetida L. Sp. Pl. 959. 17538.

Herbaceous vine, ill-odored, glabrous throughout, or with a

variable indument; stipules semi-annular about the stem, deeply

cleft into filiform, occasionally pinnatisect, gland-tipped divisions;

petioles up to 6 cm. long, glandless; leaves usually cordate at base,

membranous, 3—5-lobed, the degree of lobation and the shape of the

lobes highly variable; peduncles solitary, up to 6 cm. long; bracts

involucrate, 2—4-pinnatifid or -pinnatisect, rarely once pinnatifid,

the segments filiform, gland-tipped; flowers 2 to 5 cm. wide, white,

pink, lilac, or purplish; sepals ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate,

awned dorsally just below apex; petals oblong, oblong-lanceolate, or

oblong-spatulate, slightly shorter than the sepals; corona filaments

in several series, those of the 2 outer series filiform, about 1 cm. long,

the others capillary, 1 to 2 mm. long; operculum membranous, erect,

denticulate; fruit globose or subglobose, yellow to red; seeds ovate-

cuneiform, about 5 mm. long and 2.5 mm. wide, obscurely tridentate

at apex, coarsely reticulate at the center of each face.

DISTRIBUTION: Throughout the American tropics, and frequently

introduced into other tropical regions.

Attached to a specimen of Passiflora foetida in the herbarium of

the Royal Botanic Gardens, Trinidad, is a letter to John Hart,

Superintendent of the Gardens, from Masters, from which I venture

to quote the following: “‘As to your passionflower, it is certainly a

form of P. foetida, a tropical weed which seems to be never twice

alike! I dare say it would be possible to make 20 species out of it

one week—but next you could not define them and would have to

make 20 more! !’”

This letter was written in 1894, twenty-two years after the

publication of Masters’ monograph of the family. What he says

about this complicated P. foetida group is as true today as it was in

1894, the much greater amount of herbarium material now avail-

able only serving, perhaps, to increase the difficulties.

As in the case of similar complex species, several courses are open

to the monographer: (1) the variants may be treated as races of a

single, highly polymorphic species, without any attempt being made

to assign formal subdivisional names to them; (2) numerous, poorly

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 475

defined species may be separated, species which, it might have to be

admitted, freely intergrade; (3) certain major characters may be

selected upon which a few species may be recognized, these being

subdivided into smaller units; (4) a single species may be maintained,

with an elaborate scheme of subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms,

and subforms; or (5) a single species may be recognized, with numer-

ous varieties of unequal rank.

As a result of the examination of several thousand specimens of

“P. foetida,” I have decided to adopt the last course, with this

exception: a few variants that have an assemblage of characters,

though only vegetative ones, that make them stand out from the

others I have recognized as full species; these are P. Urbaniana, P.

arida, P. fruticosa, P. chrysophylla, and P. bahamensis. The other

species of the subgenus Dysosmia, P. lepidota, P. Palmeri, P.

pectinata, and P. vestita, differ from P. foetida in flowers or fruits.

In the present monograph I am recognizing 37 varieties, in addi-

tion to typical P. foetida. All but two of these have a limited geo-

graphical distribution. The variety hispida is widely distributed,

but throughout its range exhibits little variation. The variety

gossypifolia has an even wider distribution, and there is considerable

variation in the specimens which I refer to it. Perhaps this should

be subdivided. It merges into the typical form and into many of

the varieties.

In the letter previously mentioned, Masters also writes, “‘I suspect

they [plants of P. foetida] intercross freely; indeed, some of them

have proved to be more fertile with someone else’s pollen than with

their own.”’ Perhaps this is the explanation for much of the variation

in P. foetida; but in the absence of direct experiments it is not possible

to determine which of the variants are mere hybrids.

The preparation of this revision has covered a number of years,

during which I have had varying concepts of P. foetida. I should

greatly prefer, of course, to review all the specimens I have examined,

in order to fit them into the present final treatment, but this is not

possible. The result is one which all monographers experience;

specimens once referred to one variety may on re-examination prove

to represent another. In such cases I have noted this uncertainty

in the text following.

In Dysosmia an individual plant, whether known from a single

mounted specimen or from specimens in two or more herbaria, or

from the living plant in the field, shows very little variation. The

outline of the leaves, for example, is far more uniform than in such

476 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

species as P. suberosa and P. biflora. The indument, the cutting of

the bracts, and the size and color of the flowers and fruit are remark-

ably constant.

The degree of correlation of the characters varies, of course, in

the different varieties of P. foetida. In general, it may be said that

varieties which are glabrous, or nearly so, throughout have bluish

or pinkish flowers and large, red fruits, whereas the presence of a

strong indument is correlated with white flowers and smaller, yel-

lowish fruits. As the major subdivision, however, I have taken the

presence or absence of hairs on the ovary. The varieties, on the

whole, fall into four main groups, as follows:

(1) Plant often quite viscous; stem pilosulous or hirsute with

white, grayish, or yellowish hairs; leaves lanuginous-hirsute; bracts

deeply 2-3-pinnatisect, but the ultimate filiform segments not closely

interwoven or matted; flowers white, of medium size; ovary densely

pubescent; fruit relatively small, yellowish, pubescent, though some-

times the indument scant.

(2) Similar to No. 1, but the indument usually less dense, some-

times wanting, the ovary always glabrous.

(8) Similar to No. 1, but the segments of the bracts closely inter-

woven, the indument of the vegetative parts consisting of long,

yellowish hairs, the ovary being glabrous.

(4) Plant usually glabrous, except for a few gland-tipped hairs

on the stem, petioles, peduncles, and leaf margin; flowers blue,

purplish, or pink, rather large; fruit more than 3 cm. in diameter,

red or scarlet.

For convenience, I have prepared three keys to the varieties,

based on the three major areas of distribution, i.e., southwestern

United States, Mexico, and Central America; southeastern United

States and the West Indies; and South America. The sequence in

the text, however, indicates their probable relationship.

Passiflora foetida is reported to be used for head colds in British

Honduras. The fruit is eaten in many countries. Local names

applied to the typical form or to the varieties are: ‘‘Clavellin blanco,”

“injito colorado,” “flor de granadita,” “‘ké-pa” (Mexico); “granadilla

colorada,” “‘granadilla montés,” “granadilla silvestre,’ “‘sandia de

culebra” (El Salvador); ‘“‘bombillo” (Costa Rica); ‘‘caguajasa,’’

“canizo,” “cuguazo,” ‘“‘granadilla cimarrona,”’ ‘‘pasionaria hedionda,”’

“nasionaria de la Candelaria” (Cuba); “‘love-in-a-mist”’ (Jamaica);

‘‘Mariegouya,” “‘toque molle’”’ (Haiti); ‘‘tagua-tagua” (Puerto Rico

eee

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE A77

and Venezuela); ‘Marie goujeat’’ (Martinique and Guadeloupe);

“running pop” (British West Indies); “bel appel,”’ “koroona die la

birgi,”’ ‘‘kruisebloem,” “‘maraaka,”’ ‘‘markoesa,’”’ ‘‘sjonsjon,’”’ ‘‘so-

soro’’ (Dutch West Indies); ‘‘markoesa,’’ ‘‘sneekie markoesa’”’ (Suri-

nam); “fit weed,”’ “‘simito”’ (British Guiana); “‘parchita de culebra,’’

“parchita de montafia,”’ “‘parchita de sabana’”’ (Venezuela); ‘“‘bejuco

canastilla,’’ “cinco-llagas’’ (Colombia) ; ‘‘bedoca,” “‘purupuru” (Peru);

“nedén”’ (Bolivia); ‘‘maracuja de cobra,” “‘maracuja de lagartinho,”’

“maracuja de cheiro,”’ ““maracuja de cobra” (Brazil).

Key to the varieties of P. foetida in the western United States,

Mexico, and Central America

Ovary pubescent; fruit sparingly to densely pubescent.

Basal leaf lobes not lobed, suborbicular.

Leaves about as long as broad.

Peduncles not more than 5 cm. long; plant often very viscous.

b. gossypifolia.

Peduncles more than 5 em. long, very slender.

c. longipedunculata.

Leaves much longer than broad............... d. acapulcensis.

Basal leaf lobes bilobate. :

Middle leaf lobe not narrowed at base; lobes undulate or sub-

entire. f. oaxacana.

Middle leaf lobe conspicuously narrowed at base; lobes irregu-

larly serrulate or lobates..62¢ 2-004. Sees eka g. arizonica.

Ovary glabrous.

Bracts tripinnatisect or quadripinnatisect, the segments closely

interwoven.

Basal leaf lobes oblong, nearly equal to the middle lobe.

k. hirsutissima.

Basal leaf lobes much reduced, usually merely a tooth.

m. isthmia.

Bracts bipinnatisect or tripinnatisect, the segments straight or at

least not closely interwoven.

tem hispid-hirsute with hairs averaging more than 2 mm. long.

Under surface of leaves appressed-hirsute......... q. hastata.

Under surface of leaves softly lanuginous, hirsute on the

HOPGES BNA VEN. bic. sSs vt eae woe rena’ r. lanuginosa.

478 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BorTany, VOL. XIX

Stem densely and softly villous or pilosulous with hairs averaging —

less than 2 mm. long, or glabrous.

Leaves pubescent on one or both surfaces.

Plant diffusely branched; leaves rarely more than 2.5 cm.

TONG: ASAE eee one oe aes eae <a s. parvifolia.

Plant few-branched; leaves more than 2.5 cm. long.

Stem very slender, minutely white-pilosulous; leaves very

thin, GiIAbrous ADOVE. 35 36 Se es ee t. tepicana. |

Stem coarser; leaves thicker, pubescent above.

Stem softly villous or pilosulous.......... aa. Maxoni.

Stem glabrous or very sparingly pilose.

Leaves subhastate, the basal lobes more than half as

long as the middle lobe, usually bilobate.

bb. subpalmata.

Leaves strictly hastate, the basal lobes less than

half as long as the middle lobe, not lobed.

Under side of leaves densely and softly pilosulous;

basal lobes broadly ovate or orbicular-ovate

in general outline............. cc. mayarum.

Under side of leaves hirsutulous; basal lobes oblong

in general outline.......... dd. salvadorensis.

Leaves glabrous.

EBAVOR, O1ODOU aie heer tek a teens ee. hibiscifolia.

Leaves 3-lobed or subentire.

Basal leaf lobes much longer than broad...... ff. ciliata.

Basal leaf lobes slightly, if at all, longer than broad, or

almost wanting.

Leaves definitely hastate........... gg. nicaraguensis.

Leaves narrowly lanceolate or obscurely hastate.

if hh. subintegra.

Key to the varieties of P. foetida in Florida and the West Indies

Ovary pubescent; fruit sparingly to densely pubescent, less than 2.5

cm. in diameter, yellowish.

Stem, petioles, and peduncles hirsute with spreading, yellowish or

brownish hairs averaging more than 1.5 mm. long.

a. P. foetida (typical).

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 479

Stem, petioles, and peduncles softly pilosulous, the hairs averaging

not more than 1.5 mm. long, usually much less.

Basal lobes of leaves not lobed, suborbicular; leaf lobes apiculate.

b. gossypifolia.

Basal lobes of leaves prevailingly bilobate; leaf lobes rounded

Esc es hs a tas eae ee i. santiagana.

Ovary glabrous.

Plant densely hispid-hirsute throughout; segments of bracts

closely interwoven; fruit not more than 2.5 cm. in diameter,

RMIOW TIMER oc erates aera n onrena Baia aero l. hispida.

Plant essentially glabrous throughout; segments of bracts straight,

or at least not closely interwoven; fruit more than 2.5 em. in

diameter, red or scarlet.

Bracts at least 2.5 em. long at anthesis, at length as long as the

fruit.

Basal leaf lobes oblanceolate or oblong-lanceolate.cc. ciliata.

Basal leaf lobes suborbicular.................... jj. riparia.

Bracts less than 2.5 cm. long at anthesis, rarely as much as 3 cm.

long at fruiting time.

Basal leaf lobes bilobate................... kk. quinqueloba.

Basal leaf lobes not lobed.................... ll. polyadena.

Key to the varieties of P. foetida in South America

Ovary pubescent; fruit sparingly to densely pubescent.

Sinus between the middle lobe and the basal lobes of the leaves

acute or subacute, the middle lobe irregularly, often deeply,

lobed (Uruguay, Paraguay, and Argentina)........h. vitacea.

Sinus between the middle lobe and the basal lobes of the leaves

shallow, obtuse, the middle lobe not lobed.

Stem, petioles, and peduncles hirsute with spreading, rather

stiff, yellowish or brownish hairs averaging more than 1.5

Mpis IONS: sox ea cea erin a. P. foetida (typical).

Stem, petioles, and peduncles softly pilosulous, the hairs averag-

ing not more than 1.5 mm. long, usually less.

Leaves evenly serrate, often 5-lobed (Paraguay, Uruguay, and

ATQGNUNG) 6 cos cise s 205 8 oa we ee e. nigelliflora.

Leaves undulate, crenulate, or subentire, never 5-lobed.

Bracts twice or thrice pinnatisect, the segments much longer

than the width of the main rachis..... b. gossypifolia.

480 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Bracts prevailingly once pinnatifid. Stem usually white-

villosulous (northern coast)............ j. Moritziana.

Ovary glabrous.

Bracts very large, tripinnatisect or quadripinnatisect, the segments —

closely interwoven.

Basal leaf lobes prominent; bracts glabrous.......... l. hispida.

Basal leaf lobes usually reduced to a mere tooth; bracts

densely pilose, at least when young............ m. isthmia.

Bracts smaller, bipinnatisect or tripinnatisect, the segments —

straight, or at least not closely interwoven.

Leaves glabrous (Venezuela).........0.........11. orinocensis.

Leaves pubescent.

Under surface of leaves conspicuously glandular-thickened at

base of hairs (Brazil).

Segments of stipules pinnatisect; leaves lustrous, densely —

Plandiular-cvate <5.0.2 326 yeas ehiayes eee n. muralis.

Segments of stipules filiform; leaves not glandular-ciliate, —

OF VEry Sparitigy: SOw sar oc ee ee Oo. strigosa.

Under surface of leaves not glandular-thickened at base of

hairs.

Stem densely hispid-hirsute with hairs averaging 2 mm.

| Po aX dat @ 03 V4 1) SR eee RO ee p. fluminensis.

Stem pilosulous, hirsutulous, or glabrous.

Leaves toothed.

Stem glabrous; basal lobes of leaves well developed

(COlOM DIA ss Sic pe Bhan ee u. sanctae-martae.

Stem grayish-pilosulous; basal lobes of leaves reduced

(GGSLOIR ENPAZIL 3 SG ola ee engine v. Gardnert.

Leaves entire, at most slightly undulate.

Bracts about 1 cm. long; stem glabrous (southeastern

BORER cc ed atic a he cookies ance hee w. Glaziovit.

Bracts more than 1 cm. long; stem usually pubescent.

Styles long-pilose; leaves averaging not more than

4.5 em. wide (Colombia)............ x. Hliasit.

Styles glabrous; leaves averaging more than 4.5 cm.

wide.

Leaves appressed-pilose (Amazonian Peru and

POLI he eos Oats See ae ee ERAS y. hirsuta.

Leaves hirsute-tomentulous or hirsutulous (Gala-

pagos Islands)..:. c/.4.ci.w bs x z. galapagensis.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 481

4. Passiflora foetida L. Sp. Pl. 959. 1753. (Typical.)

Passiflora foetida L. B Sp. Pl. 959. 1758.

Passiflora vesicaria L. Amoen. Acad. 5: 382. 1760.

(?)Passiflora variegata Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8. Passiflora No. 8.

1768.

Granadilla foetida Gaertn. f. Fruct. & Sem. 1: 289. pl. 60. 1790.

Passiflora hirsuta Lodd. Bot. Cab. 2: pl. 138. 1818. Not P.

hirsuta L.

(?)Passiflora foetida var. variegata G. F. W. Mey. Prim. FI. Esseq.

226. 1818, in part.

(?) Passiflora polyaden Vell. Fl. Flumin. 9: pl. 92. 1827.

Tripsilina fetida Raf. Fl. Tellur. 4: 108. 1888.

(?)Passiflora hibiscifolia var. velutina Fenzl in Jacq. Eclog. Pl. 2:

5. pl. 128. 1844.

Dysosmia foetida M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 149. 1846.

Dysosmia hircina Sweet ex M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 150.

1846, as synonym.

(?)Dysosmia polyadena M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 150. 1846.

Passiflora foetida var. gossypifolia f. longifolia Kuntze, Rev. Gen.

Pl. 254. 1891.

Passiflora foetida var. hirsuta f. longifolia Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl.

254. 1891.

Plant slightly or strongly viscous; stem hirsute with spreading,

yellowish or yellowish brown hairs averaging more than 1.5 mm. long;

leaves hastate (lateral lobes often reduced; midnerve: lateral nerves,

2:1 or8: 2), appressed-hirsute or lanuginous-hirsute on both surfaces,

densely or sparingly glandular-ciliate; bracts 2 to 3 cm. long at post-

anthesis, bipinnatisect or tripinnatisect; ovary hirsute with white or

_ brownish hairs; fruit 2 to 2.5 em. in diameter, yellowish, sparingly,

rarely densely, hirsute.

TYPE LOCALITY: Perhaps Lesser Antilles, the precise origin of the

Linnean type uncertain.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Amoen. Acad. 1: pl. 10, f. 19; Pluk. Alm. pl. 104,

f. 1; Herm. Parad. 173. pl. 173; Cav. Diss. 10: pl. 89; Bot. Reg. 4:

pl. 321; Bot. Mag. 58: pl. 2619; Lodd. Bot. Cab. 2: pl. 138; (?) Jacq.

Eclog. Pl. 2: pl. 123; Mutis, Icon. Pl. Ined. 26: pl. 11; (?)Vell. FI.

Flumin. 9: pl. 92.

DISTRIBUTION: Puerto Rico, Jamaica, and the Lesser Antilles,

and widely distributed in South America.

482 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

JAMAICA: Kingston, Crawford 605 (Ph, Y); Britton & Hollick 1750

(Y). Hope Gardens, Harris 8612 (J, Y).

“PUERTO Rico: Britton 6635 (Y); Goll 393 (N); Heller & Heller

978 (B, F, J, K, N, Y); Htoram in 1917 (Y); J. R. Johnston 225 (Y);

F. H. Sargent 573 (N); Stahl 542 (B); Sintenis 810 (B, K, N, V),

810b (B); Stevens 1789 (Y); Stevenson 90 (N), 225 (N).

VIRGIN ISLANDS (U. S.): St. Croix: James 2 (Y).

GUADELOUPE: Duss 3647 (B, Cop, F, N, Ph, Y); Stehlé 1924 (N).

CurRACAO: Herb. Plukenet (BM, type of P. foetida B).

TRINIDAD and TOBAGO: Alexander 4722 (B); Britton, Hazen &

Mendelson 672 (Y); Britton & Britton 2184 (N, Y); Broadway 3580

(B); Eggers 5513 (B, N, Y); Kuntze 904 (Y, type of P. foetida var.

hirsuta f. longifolia); Fendler 375 (BM, K); Trinidad Herb. 643, 3580,

5399, 6428, 7455, 7996, 8322, 9348, 10891, 11107, 11450 (all T).

FRENCH GUIANA: Le Blond 28 (Gen); Sagot in 1859 (V); Gabriel

in 1802 (Gen).

SURINAM: Focke 122 (Leid); Splitgerber 20 (Leid, V), 793 (Leid);

Tulleken 102 (Leid), 141 (Leid); Wullschlégel 216, in part (Brux).

-BRITISH GUIANA: Schomburgk 558 (B), 632 (Bo, Gen, K, N, Ut,

V); Jenman 4563 (BG, N, Y), 5072 (BG, N, Y), 5410 (BG, BM, Y);

Hitchcock 16767 (G, N, Y); Im Thurn 4 (BM, K, N); Archer 2526

(N); Parker (K). .

VENEZUELA: Otto 872 (B), 1057 (B).—Sucre: Cristébal Coldén,

Broadway 244 (G, N, Y). Cumanaé, Humboldt & Bonpland (B).—'’

Miranda: Los Mostazos, Allart 224 (Gen, N, Y). Los Teques,

Pittier 11607 (N). Antimano, Pirttier 6027 (B, N). Ocumaré,

Pittier 7819 (N).—Federal District: Caracas, Pittier 6163 (N), 6169

(B, N), 7141 (N, Y), 9548 (G, N, Y); Batley & Bailey 227 (N);

Kuntze 1395 (Y, type of P. foetida var. gossypifolia f. longifolia);

Vargas 262 (Gen); Gollmer (B). Sabana Grande, Pittier 9468 (G, N).

CoLoMBIA: Magdalena: Rio Frio, Walker 1204 (N).—Meta:

Cabuyaro, Garcia 5142 (HNC).—Tolima: Lehmann 2219 (Bo, K).—

Huila: Neiva, Rusby & Pennell 1095 (Y); Karsten (V).—Antioquia:

Medellin, Archer 444 (N).—El Valle: Dryander 959 (N). Espinal,

Killip & Hazen 11100 (G, N, Ph, Y). La Cumbre, Pennell & Killip

5988 (G, N, Y). Cali, Lehmann 3386 (Bo, K). Tulud, Holton in

1853 (K, Y).—El Cauca: Lehmann 1712 (K).—Narifio: Amarales,

Triana 2944 (BM, HNC).

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 483

ECUADOR: Guayas: Guayaquil, Mille 10 (N); Sodiro (N); Sinclair

(K); Hinds (K); Barclay 2457 (BM); Ruiz & Pavén (Ma). Duran,

Rose 23598 (G, N, Y). Daule, André 4142 (K).

PERU: San Martin: Juan Guerra, L. Williams 6843 (N).

BOLIVIA: Sunchal, Herzog 2003 (B).—Beni: Reis, White (Mulford

Biol. Expl. 1216; N, Y).—La Paz: Guanai, Tate 592 (Y). Yungas,

Bang 646 (N, Ph, Y).—Santa Cruz: Herzog 1319 (B). Buena Vista,

Steinbach 5225 (G, Gen).

BRAZIL: Lund (Cop, Gen); Salzmann 289 (Gen).—Para: San-

tarem, Spruce (V).—Maranhao: G. Don 131 (Brux).—Ceara: Cedro,

Léfgren 45 (S).—Pernambuco: Tapera, Pickel 2375 (N); Gardner

1024 (K).—Bahia: Blanchet in 1831 (Gen, Y). Bahia, Blanchet 16

(BM), 252 (V), 291 (BM, Gen), 608 (BM); Glocker 545 (BM, N, S);

Lhotsky in 1831 (Gen).—Matto Grosso: Cuyaba, Malme 1186 (S).

Palmeiras, Lindman A2409 (S).—Rio de Janeiro: Morro de Caval-

lao, Glaziou 10873 (B, K).

PARAGUAY: Asuncién, Morong 577 (G, N, Y). Rio Pilcomayo,

Morong 935 (K, N, Ph, Y). Maracayi, Hassler 4791 (BM). Villa

Rica, Jérgensen 3789 (N). Estancia Armonia, Anisits 1905 (S).

Passiflora foetida is represented in the Linnean Herbarium by a

single sheet, which was in Linnaeus’ hands in 1753. The stem is

hirsute with long, spreading hairs; the lateral lobes of the leaves are

much reduced (midnerve: lateral nerves, 2.5: 1); the bracts are sub-

equal to the sepals and not closely interwoven; the ovary is pilose.

The figure in the Amoenitates, the first reference cited by Linnaeus

under P. foetida in the Species Plantarum, agrees well with the leaves

of the Linnean specimen.

The second reference in the Species Plantarum is to Linnaeus’

Philosophia Botanica (p. 260), and here we have an excellent diagno-

sis. Linnaeus, in discussing the ideal description of a species, gives

descriptions of three plants, one to illustrate the error of being too

brief and indefinite, another to illustrate the danger of making too

detailed a diagnosis which would describe an individual plant rather

than a species, and a third the ideal description. By chance, Passi-

flora foetida was the species selected by him for the ideal description,

so that we have a rather more ample description of this than of other

Linnean species. Omitting the features that are characteristic of

P. foetida in its widest sense, major points in this description are:

spreading, unequal hairs on the stem; leaves obsoletely 3-lobed,

entire and obscurely ciliate at the margin, bearing stiff hairs on both

484 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

sides; petioles similarly pilose, with erect, subulate glands in the

upper part; tendrils pilose; involucre pilose, ciliate with subulate

glands; flowers pilose. The description applies well to the specimen

in the Linnean Herbarium, and probably was derived from it.

Of the other references mentioned by Linnaeus, some apply to the

typical plant, some to varieties, and others cannot be associated

definitely. His var. 8 was based on Plukenet’s description and figure

of ‘‘Passiflora vesicaria...’’ (Alm. 882. pl. 104, f. 1). The original

of this, preserved in the Plukenet Herbarium at the British Museum,

is typical P. foetida, however. In proposing the variety variegata,

Meyer cites a Willdenow reference (Sp. Pl. 3: 619. 1800, a transcript

of var. 6 L.), and appends a description, which better applies to var.

hispida.

The typical form appears to be most abundant along the north

coast of South America, and is well matched among recent collections

by a Trinidad specimen (Trinidad Herb. 10391) and two from

British Guiana (Schomburgk 632 and Archer 2526). In the West

Indies and western South America the typical form merges into the

variety gossypifolia, and in southern South America into the variety

nogelliflora.

301b. Passiflora foetida var. gossypifolia (Desv.) Mast. Trans.

Linn. Soc. 27: 631. 1871; in Mart. FI. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 582. 1872.

Passiflora gossypifolia Desv. in Hamilt. Prodr. Fl. W. I. 48. 1825.

Dysosmia gossypiifolia M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 149. 1846.

Plant villosulous or hirsutulous throughout, often viscous, the

indument grayish, brownish, or yellowish brown, averaging not more

than 1.5 mm. long; leaf blades averaging 5 cm. long and 5 cm. at

greatest width (basal lobes usually semi-circular in outline, sometimes

abruptly narrowed to an obtuse point), undulate or crenate-serrulate;

bracts 2 to 3 em. long, bipinnatisect or tripinnatisect, the ultimate

filiform segments gland-tipped, straight or nearly so, not closely

interwoven; ovary sparingly to densely pilosulous, the hairs persisting

in fruit; fruit 2 to 2.5 cm. in diameter, yellow or greenish yellow,

red-spotted.

TYPE LOCALITY: Dominican Republic.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Plum. Pl. Amer. pl. 86; Bot. Reg. 19: pl. 1634;

Link & Otto, Icon. Pl. Rar. pl. 46; Cortés, Fl. Columb. ed. 2, opp.

p. 112, as P. clathrata.

DISTRIBUTION: Texas, Mexico, Central America, West Indies,

and South America.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 485

TEXAS: Palmer 2110 (K); Parry & Palmer 392 (N, Y). Cameron

County, Chandler 7000 (N, Y). Hidalgo County, Clover 191 (Mich).

Bravo del Norte, Schott (F). Laredo, Mackenzie 12 (N); Schott in

1852 (F); Sickles 1249 (Penn). Corpus Christi, Rose 18084 (N). El

Jardin, Runyon 445 (N). Olmito, Rose & Russell 24170 (N). Rio

Grande City, Nealley 159 (F), 203 (Penn).

MEXxIco: Andrieux 171 (Gen); Hahn 53 (P); Coulter 61 (G);

Barclay 1108 (BM); Sessé & Mocito 4467 (Ma), 4469 (Ma), 4472

(Ma).—Sonora: Rose, Standley & Russell 12931 (N).—Chihuahua:

Palmer 199 (G, K, N).—Coahuila: Berlandier 2154 (G, N).—Nuevo

Leon: Pringle 2235 (F, G), 18468 (N); Arséne 6316 (N); Hartweg 17 (B,

BM, Bo, Gen, K, P, V, Y); Pennell 16944 (Ph).—Tamaulipas: Palmer

193 (BM, Gen, N, Y), 487a (F, Gen, Mo, N, Y).—Sinaloa: Ortega

878 (K); Brandegee 9532 (Cal, G, N); Montes & Salazar 878 (N);

Ortega 5909 (N).—Zacatecas: Rose 2443 (G, N).—Tepic: Rose,

Standley & Russell 14276 (N, P); Rose 1466 (G, N); Lamb 529 (Bo,

G, N, Y).—Jalisco: Rose 2894 (N); Jones 354 (N), 27462 (N).—

Puebla: Purpus 2722a (F, G, Gen, N, Y); Galeotti 3669 (Brux, P).—

Veracruz: Luebmann 4089 (Cop, N); Bilimek (BM, F, K); Purpus

6236 (G, N, Y); Bottert 996 (G).—Morelos: Bilimek 152 (Brux, Cop,

F, N, Ph, Y); Rose & Hough 4382 (N); Rose & Painter 6558 (N);

Lyonnet 679 (N).—Mexico: Hinton 3659 (N).—Michoacan: Hinton

5514 (N).—Colima: Palmer 281 (Cop, N).—Oaxaca: Nelson 928 (N);

L. C. Smith 465 (G); Conzatti 152 (G), 2242 (F, N); Conzatts &

Gonzales 18 (F, N); Andrieux 367 (Gen, V); Deam in 1898 (G);

Pringle 7509 (F, N), 13763 (Cop, G, Gen, N, 8); Purpus 6903 (BM,

F, G, N, Y), 7145 (BM, N); C. L. Smith 246 (F, N, Y); Mell 2246

(N, Y).—Tabasco: Rovirosa 559 (N, Ph, Y).—Chiapas: Goldman 748

(N); Purpus 9258 (F, G, N, Y).—Yucatan: Gaumer 793 (F), 1964

(F), 23291 (F, G, Gen, N, Y), 23582 (F, Gen, N), 23639 (F, Gen, N);

Schott 240 (BM); Steere 1437 (N), 1554 (N).

GUATEMALA: Savage 59 (P).—Petén: Aguilar 357 (N).—Izabal:

Standley 23968 (N), 25125 (N).—Zacapa: Kellerman 7663 (F, Y).—

Guatemala: Tonduz 760 (N); Rodriguez 2001 (P).—Escuintla: J. D.

Smith 1986 (Gen, N).—Amatitlan: J. D. Smith 1948 (B, G, K, N, Y);

Kellerman 4779 (N); Rodriguez 2259 (P).

BRITISH HONDURAS: Gentle 223 (N); Schipp 1154 (Gen, Mich).

HONDURAS: Standley 54480 (N), 56861 (N); Wilson 528 (N, Y);

Niederlein 209 (B); Peck 922 (G); Yuncker, Dawson & Youse 5583 (N).

486 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

SALVADOR: Ahuachapan: Standley 19727 (N, Y).—Sonsonate:

Pittier 1953 (N); Calderén 634 (N); Standley 21901 (N, Y), 23444

(N).—San Salvador: Calderén 198 (N); Standley 22476 (N, Y).—

San Vicente: Standley 21633 (N, Y).—La Union: Standley 20817 (N).

NICARAGUA: Wright (N); Oersted 4146 (N); Friedrichsthal 852 (V).

CosTa Rica: Pittier 332 (Brux), 1994 (N), 2922 (Brux, N);

Tonduz (or Pittier?) 1672 (Brux), 6759 (Bo, Brux, N, V), 13512 (BM,

N); Standley 49305 (N).

CuBA: Wright 2603 (BM, Bo, Gen, HA, N); Ekman 934 (B, S).—

Pinar del Rio: Britton & Earle 6540 (Y); Van Hermann 574 (HV);

Earle 611 (F, Y), 2849 (B, HV).—Habana: Van Hermann 31388 (Y);

Boldo (Ma); Wilson & Leén 7761 (HS, N); Britton, Britton & Wilson

15456 (N, Y); Curtiss 388 (B, BM, Gen, HV, K, N, P, Y).—Santa

Clara: Leén 9487 (HS).—Camagiiey: Acuftia 3764 (HV), 8826 (HV).

—Oriente: Ekman 1985 (8S).

HAITI: Jaeger 276 (B, P); Picarda 1270 (B); Wolff 11 (B); Buch

192 (B); Leonard & Leonard 14957 (N); Ekman H2167 (B, N, 8).

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Povteau in 1802 (B, Gen, P, type); Ritter

in 1873 (V); Abbott 1755 (B, N); Fuertes 42 (B, F, Gen, K, N, P, §,

Ut, Y); Faris 449 (N); Ekman 16024 (N).

JAMAICA (?): Swartz (S).

MARTINIQUE: Plée (P).

COLOMBIA: Goajira: Dawe 516 (K, N).—Atlantico: Elias 127

(N), 786, in part (N), 1079 (N), 1462 (N).—Bolivar: Killip & Smith

14705 (G, N, Y).—Cundinamarca: Dawe 69 (K, N); André 1626

(K); Tracey 265 (K).

PERU: Dombey 737 (B, Gen, P); Ruiz & Pavén (Bo, P); Née

(Ma); Maclean (K); Wilkes Expedition (N).—Piura: Gaudichaud

(Gen); Haught 69 (N), 209 (F, N); Spruce 6458 (BM, K).—Libertad:

Forbes in 1912 (BM).—Lima: Macbride & Featherstone 523 (F, N);

Cuming 1046 (BM, K, V; sheets of Cuming 1046 are variously labeled

“Lima” and “Chile,” the latter perhaps in error); Mathews 408

(K).—Hudanuco: Macbride 4954 (F, G, N).—Huancavelica: Weber-

bauer 6456 (B, G, N).

CHILE: Ruschenberger (Ph); Née (Ma); Jaffnel 1076 (G).

Bo.iviA: Bang 2008 (K, N, Y).—Cochabamba: Buchtien 2389

(N, Y), 4057 (G); Bang 1251, in part (B, BM, G, K, N, Ph, Y);

Julio II.10. (N).—Tarija: Fiebrig- 2777 (B), 2874 (B, Gen, K).

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 487

BRAZIL: Tamberlik (V).—Bahia: Rose & Russell 19870 (N).—

Matto Grosso: Corumba, Hoehne 3417 (N).

The material cited above shows more variation in leaf shape and

indument than do the specimens under any one of the other varieties

maintained in the present treatment. Quite possibly gossypifolia

should be separated into several varieties, but I am reluctant to do so

without having in hand at one time all available specimens. Were

this course followed, typical gossypifolia would perhaps be restricted

to Hispaniola, the type specimen in the Paris Herbarium agreeing

perfectly with the other specimens from that island and having the

very short indument described by Desvaux as “‘tomentose.” Very

close to this, however, are variants from northern South America.

The form, rare in Cuba but very common in Mexico and Central

America, with a viscous indument of longer, grayish hairs, would

constitute another variety. Some specimens from South America

also closely approach this, and others come nearer the typical form.

301c. Passiflora foetida var. longipedunculata Killip, var. nov.

Ubique dense et molliter pilosula, pilis albidis; folia haStata,

longitudine et latitudine subaequalia, integerrima, parum undulata;

pedunculi 6—7 cm. longi, tenuissimi; ovarium tomentosum.

Stem densely and softly pilosulous with whitish hairs averaging

less than 1 mm. long; leaves hastate (length and greatest width

subequal), entire and slightly undulate, densely pilosulous; peduncles

6 to 7 cm. long, very slender; bracts bipinnatisect; ovary white-

tomentose.

Type in the United States National Herbarium, No. 1,490,641,

collected near Marmolejo, State of Tamaulipas, Mexico, August 16,

1930, by H. H. Bartlett (No. 10987).

DISTRIBUTION: Northern Mexico and Lower California.

Mexico: Lower California: Mulegé, J. M. Johnston 3660 (Cal,

N).—Tamaulipas: Cerro del Chino, Bartlett 10729 (Mich).

301d. Passiflora foetida var. acapulcensis Killip, var. nov.

Caulis tenuis dense cano-villosulus; folia utrinque dense velutina,

hastata, lobo medio lanceolato vel oblongo-lanceolato, lobis laterali-

bus orbiculato-ovatis, rotundis vel obtusis, undulatis; bracteae

bi-tripinnatisectae; ovarium rufo-sericeo-hirsutum; fructus 1.5—-2 em.

diam., flavidus, rubro-maculatus, hirsutulus.

Stem very slender, densely white-villosulous, the hairs about 0.4

mm. long; leaves hastate, 2.5 to 7 cm. long, 1.5 to 5 em. wide (middle

488 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

lobe lancolate or oblong-lanceolate, the lateral lobes orbicular-ovate,

rounded or obtuse, undulate), densely velutinous on both surfaces;

bracts up to 3 em. long, bipinnatisect or tripinnatisect, the divisions

not interwoven, gland-tipped; flowers 2 to 2.5 em. wide; ovary

sericeo-hirsute with brownish hairs; fruit 1.5 to 2 em. wide, yellow,

red-spotted, hirsutulous.

Type in the United States National Herbarium, No. 252,825,

collected at Acapulco, State of Guerrero, Mexico, by E. Palmer

(No. 306). Duplicate at Y. Represented also by a specimen from

the same locality, collected by Le Folis (Bo).

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality, in western

Mexico.

30le. Passiflora foetida var. nigelliflora (Hook.) Mast. Trans. Linn.

Soc. 27: 631. 1871; in Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt. 1: 582.1872.

Passiflora nigelliflora Hook. Bot. Mag. 65: pl. 3635. 1889.

Dysosmia nigelliflora M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 151. 1846.

Passiflora Balansae Chod. Bull. Herb. Boiss. II. 2: 744. 1902.

(?)Passiflora foetida var. hirsuta f. suberecta Chod. & Hassl. Bull.

Herb. Boiss. II. 3: 1127. 1903.

Passiflora foetida var. sericea Chod. & Hassl. Bull. Herb. Boiss.

II. 3: 1127. 1903.

Stem sericeo-pilose throughout with whitish hairs 0.8 to 1.5 mm.

long; leaves 4 to 7 em. long, 3.5 to 6 cm. wide, evenly serrate, 3—-5-

lobed (middle lobe acute, the lateral lobes acutish or rounded),

densely and softly villous; bracts up to 2.5 cm. long, pilose; ovary

and styles densely long-pilose; fruit 1.5 to 2 cm. in diameter, yellowish,

sparingly to densely pilose.

TYPE LOCALITY: Santiago de Estero, Rio Dulce, western Argen-

tina (type collected by Tweedie).

ILLUSTRATION: Bot. Mag. 65: pl. 3635.

DISTRIBUTION: Paraguay and Argentina.

PARAGUAY: Cerros de Paraguari, Hassler 6520 (BM, Bo, type of

P. foetida.var. sericea, Gen); Balansa 2206 (Bo, type of P. foetida

var. Balansae); Fiebrig 1038 (B, P). Gran Chaco, Anisits 2195 (S);

Hassler 2627 (B, BM, G, Gen, V). Chaco, Fiebrig 1235 (B, Gen, K).

Sierra de Amanbay, Hassler 9965 (B).

ARGENTINA: Las Pefias, Lorentz 261 (B, P), 514 (B).—Jujuy:

Esperanza, Fries 545 (N, S).—Tucuman: Stuckert 8912 (Gen),

13942 (Gen), 16977 (Gen). Leales, Venturi 625 (G, N). Rio Sali,

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 489

Capital, Venturi 1167 (N). El Cajon, Burroyacu, 700 meters,

Venturi 10338 (BM, G).—Chaco: Colonia Elisa, Meyer 2232 (N).—

La Rioja: Guanchin, 1,600 meters, Venturi 7794 (G, K, N).—

Cordoba: Stuckert 10320 (Gen), 19572 (Gen), 19782 (Gen); Lossen

308 (F), 312 (G, Mo, Ph). Cordoba, Galander in 1883 (Y); Hierony-

mus in 1879 (Y), in 1881 (Gen); Kuntze in 1891 (N, Y). Cumbre

Chica, King 611 (BM).—Santa Fé; Estancia Banazzola, Job 1230

(N).—Buenos Aires: Stuckert 19964 (Gen).

I am at a loss to know how much variation to allow to the leaves

in this variety. Hooker’s formal description says, “‘foliis cordatis

5-lobis argute serratis,’’ but later on, in pointing out its affinities he

states, “but the present may at all times be distinguished by its

truly cordate leaves, which are five-lobed (except in the upper part

of the stem), and strongly serrated.”’ The illustration accompanying

this description shows the lateral lobes only slightly lobate, and

among recently collected material is best matched by Venturi 7794.

In Venturt 625 the leaves have 5 nearly equal lobes. In Venturi

1167 all the leaves are 3-lobed and the serration is less pronounced;

this specimen, which is well matched by other material cited above,

thus closely approaches several Bolivian specimens which I have

placed in the variety gossypifolia. The leaves of Hassler 2627 have

a narrower middle leaf lobe.

As mentioned in the general discussion under P. foetida, a satis-

factory solution of these problems is impossible without having

together at one time all available material. Notes made during

the course of my studies at European herbaria indicate that I once

considered the following collections to be P. foetida var. nigelliflora.

Re-examination in the light of my varying concepts of the group

may show that they are better referred to the typical form, or to the

varieties gossypifolia and vitacea.

BRAZIL: Jobert 1039 (P); Sello 2323 (B, K), 3580 (B).—Rio

Grande do Sul: Cachoeiras, Malme 1291 (S).

PARAGUAY: Gran Chaco, Balansa 2208 (cited by Chodat as

P. foetida var. vitacea, Gen, K). Tapucay, Hassler 1631 (Bo, cited

by Chodat & Hassler as P. foetida var. typica).

Passiflora foetida var. hirsuta f. suberecta Chod. I know only

from the brief description.

301f. Passiflora foetida var. oaxacana Killip, var. nov.

Ubique dense cano-villosa; folia palmatim 5-lobata, lobis sinuatis,

medio ad basin latissimo; bracteae bipinnatisectae, segmentis

divaricatis, numerosis; ovarium dense villosum.

490 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Plant densely cano-villous throughout; leaves eglandular, palm- |

ately 5-lobed, the lobes sinuate, the middle lobe broadest near base;

bracts bipinnatisect, the segments divaricate at nearly right angles, ©

numerous; ovary densely villous; fruit about 2.5 cm. in diameter,

yellowish. |

Type in the United States National Herbarium, No. 229,235,

collected at San Gerdénimo, Oaxaca, Mexico, altitude 60 meters,

July, 1895, by E. W. Nelson (No. 2762). Duplicate at G.

DISTRIBUTION: Oaxaca, southeastern Mexico.

MEXxXIco: Oaxaca: Puerto Angel, Morton & Makrinius 2616 (N).

This has a general resemblance to var. arizonica, the principal

differences being in the shape of the middle leaf lobe and the absence

of teeth at the margin of the leaves. The outline of the foliage is

like that of var. hibiscifolia, and the indument like that of var.

nigelliflora. In the second collection cited the leaves are less pro-

nouncedly 5-lobed.

301g. Passiflora foetida var. arizonica Killip, var. nov.

Ubique cano-villosa; folia palmatim 5-lobata, lobis sinuatis vel

sublobatis, denticulatis, lobo medio ad basin angusto; bracteae

bipinnatisectae, laciniis paucis, divaricatis; ovarium pilosum.

Plant densely grayish-villous throughout; leaves palmately 5-

lobed, the lobes sinuate or sublobate, denticulate, ciliate, the middle

lobe narrowed at base; bracts once pinnatisect, the segments divari-

cate at nearly right angles, relatively few; ovary pilose; fruit about

3 cm. in diameter, yellowish, pilose.

Type in the United States National Herbarium, No. 1,365,002,

collected in Fresnal Canyon, Baboquivari Mountains, Arizona, Sep-

tember 26, 1927, by G. J. Harrison (No. 4774).

DISTRIBUTION: Southern Arizona and northern Mexico.

ARIZONA: Baboquivari Mountains, Peebles 8806 (N); Gilman

B78 (N).

MEeExico: Los Promontorios, Russell & Souviron 10 (N).

The nearest relative of this is the Argentine variety, vitacea, both

being characterized by a much deeper lobation of the leaves than in

other varieties of P. foetida.

301h. Passiflora foetida var. vitacea Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras.

18, pt. 1: 583. 1872.

Stem hispid-hirsute with yellowish hairs; stipules semi-annular

about the stem, cleft into unequal, gland-tipped segments, one of

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 491

which, much longer than the others is linear and often pinnatifid;

leaves hastate or subhastate (middle lobe narrowed toward the

base, lobulate or incised, the lateral lobes often lobulate), irregularly

serrate or serrulate, hirsute or hispid-hirsute; bracts bipinnatisect

or tripinnatisect, about as long as the sepals, the segments gland-

tipped; ovary and styles villous.

TYPE LOCALITY: “‘Banda oriental’ (Uruguay).

DISTRIBUTION: Paraguay, Uruguay, and northern Argentina, up

to 1,100 meters altitude.

Urucuay: Banda Oriental, St. Hilaire 2529 (P, type). Tacua-

rembo, Arechavaleta 47 (Gen). Laguna Caluendas, Lorentz 1750

(B, N).

PARAGUAY: Valenzuela, Hassler 7182 (B, BM, Bo, Gen, K).

Igatini, Hassler 5437 (Bo). Cordillera de Peribebuy, Balansa 2207

(Gen, K).

ARGENTINA: Jorgensen 2839 (N). Las Palmas, Jérgensen 2616

(G, N).—Tucuman: Famailla, Venturi 1628 (N). Leales, Venturi 745

(N). El Puestito, Burroyacu, Venturi 7504 (F, G, N).—Cérdoba:

Sacanta, Stuckert 9915 (Gen), 14999 (Gen). San Teodoro, Stuckert

14849 (Gen), 14962 (Gen).

These specimens show a good deal of variation in the form of

the leaves, due to a varying degree of lobation. All are characterized

by an indument of long, stiff hairs on the leaves and by the develop-

ment of one of the segments of the stipules, a condition which led

Masters to describe the stipules as linear.

In addition to the specimens cited above, some referred to the

typical form and to var. nigelliflora may belong here.

301i. Passiflora foetida var. santiagana Killip, var. nov. Fig. 1, c.

Parum viscosa, caulibus et petiolis cano- vel flavido-hirsutis; folia

dense lanuginoso-hirsuta, pilis flavido-brunneis, palmatim 5-lobata,

lobis oblongis vel oblongo-spathulatis, medio saepe reducto; bracteae

tripinnatisectae; ovarium cano-pilosum.

Plant scarcely viscous; stem and petioles hirsute with white or

yellowish hairs; leaves up to 3 cm. long, palmately 5-lobed (lower

lobes often reduced; lobes oblong or oblong-spatulate, rounded or

obtuse at apex), densely lanuginous-hirsute with yellow-brown hairs;

bracts about 1.5 cm. long at postanthesis, tripinnatisect; ovary

white-pilose; fruit 2 to 2.5 cm. in diameter.

492 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Type in United States National “Herbarium, No. 403,071, col-

lected in vicinity of Santiago, Cuba, February 14, 1902, by Pollard,

Palmer, and Palmer (No. 279). Duplicates at F, Minn, Ph, and Y.

DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Cuba.

CuBA: Oriente (throughout southern part): Linden 1703 (B, BM,

Bo, Brux, Gen, K); Britton 1891 (Y), 1972 (B, N, Y); Britton, Britton &

Cowell 12546 (Y), 12662 (N, Y), 12852 (Y); Leén 3732 (HS, N, Y),

3934 (Y), 10555 (HS, Y), 12187 (HS); Clément 173 (HS); Ekman

2902 (S), 7965 (S); Earle 83 (F, Y), 1649 (Y); Hioram 1887 (Y), 1936

(Y); Eggers 4618 (B); Millspaugh 1003 (F), 1065 (F); Gundlach 18

(B); Hamilton 151 (Y); Havard 34 (Y), 36 (Y); Acufia 5167 (HV);

Née (Ma); Bartsch in 1980 (N).

301j. Passiflora foetida var. Moritziana (Planch.) Killip ex Pulle,

F]. Suriname 8, pt. 1: 318. 1937.

(?)Passiflora Hermanni DC. Prodr. 8: 332. 1828.

Passiflora Moritziana Planch. Ann. Sci. Nat. V. Bot. 17: 175.

- 1878.

Stem, petioles, and peduncles densely and minutely white-

pilosulous; leaves subhastately 3-lobed (middle lobe: lateral lobes,

4 or 3:1), velutinous on both surfaces; bracts once (rarely twice)

pinnatifid, the segments scarcely longer than the width of the rachis;

ovary velutinous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Colonia Tovar, Venezuela.

ILLUSTRATIONS: (?)Pluk. Alm. pl. 212, f. 1; (?)Herm. Parad. 176.

pl. 176.

DISTRIBUTION: Surinam, Curacao, northern Venezuela,. and

northern Colombia.

SURINAM: Marowijne River, Lanjouw 558 (Ut).

Curacao: Killip & Smith 21085 (A, G, N, Y), 21088 (G, N, Y);

Britton & Shafer 2970 (N, Y); Eggers 16015 (F); Boldingh 4701 (Ut,

Y); Benzon 2098 (Cop). Aruba Island, Suringar in 1885 (B);

Boldingh 6216 (Ut, Y). Bonaire, Suringar in 1885 (B); Boldingh

7107 (Ut), 7407 (Ut); Read in 1889 (Ph).

VENEZUELA: Entada, Warming in 1891 (Cop).—Nueva Esparta:

Margarita Island, Miller & Johnston 63 (B, Bo, Cop, F, K, N, V, Y),

85 (B, BM, F, K, Minn, N, Y).—Federal District: Antimano, Archer

3044 (N).—Aragua: Colonia Tovar, Moritz 437 (BM, K, P, type);

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 493

Fendler 475 (Bo, G, Gen, K, Ph, Y).—Falcén: La Vela de Coro,

Curran & Haman 479 (G, N, Y).—Lara: Barquisimeto, Saer 11 (N).

El Tocuyo, Pittrer 13109 (Gen, N, Ph, Y).

COLOMBIA: Magdalena: Santa Marta, Killip & Smith 21088 (N).

In all probability this is the plant figured (pl. 212, f. 1) by Plu-

kenet and later by Hermann (pl. 176), these references having been

the cause of much confusion. Plukenet’s description is indefinite,

but Hermann says, “Albus folio Ibisci sericeo-trilobatis. Calyx

tribus parvis foliolis sed integris constat,’’ the last sentence evidently

referring to the involucre. The figure shows a 10-parted corolla,

and is substantially a reproduction of Plukenet’s illustration. Lin-

naeus listed both these references under P. hirsuta in the Species

Plantarum, but his first reference, to the Amoenitates, and a Plumier

figure also cited, show that this is P. suberosa, in the present broad

concept of that species. De Candolle in proposing P. Hermanni,

which he placed among doubtful species, said, ‘‘Foliis velutinis trilo-

batis involucro minimo foliolis 3 integris, calyce 10-partito; in

Curacao. Affinis hine P. hirsutae, illine P. hibiscifoliae.’”’ The

difficulty, of course, has been the reconciling of the small bracts and

the hibiscus-shaped leaves, like those of variants of P. foetida.

In the typical form the bracts are very small for Dysosmia, and

are only once pinnatifid. In a few specimens, as Johnston 63 and 85

and Fendler 475, they are twice pinnatifid, these specimens being

intermediate between this variety and typical P. foetida.

301k. Passiflora foetida var. hirsutissima Killip, Carnegie Inst.

Wash. Publ. 461: 326. 1936.

Plant densely lanuginous-hirsute throughout; leaves subhastate

(midnerve: lateral nerves, 5:3), the middle lobe ovate or oblong-

ovate, abruptly acute; bracts about 2 cm. long at anthesis, tripin-

natisect, the segments closely interwoven, densely long-pilose;

flowers about 2.5 em. wide, pale pink, the sepals and petals densely

spotted with deep pink within; ovary glabrous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Sepacuité, Alta Verapaz, Guatemala.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality.

GUATEMALA: Alta Verapaz: Sepacuité, Owen 9 (N, type).

The indument is denser than in most other varieties of P. foetida;

the bracts are closely interwoven, in this respect resembling var.

hispida.

494 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

301]. Passiflora foetida var. hispida (DC.) Killip ex Gleason,

Bull. Torrey Club 58: 408. 1931.

Passiflora foetida var. variegata G. F. W. Mey. Prim. FI]. Esseq.

226. 1818, in part.

Passiflora foetida L. sensu Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 582.

1872. Not P. foetida L.

Passiflora hispida DC. ex Triana & Planch. Ann. Sci. Nat. V.

Bot. 17: 172. 1873.

Passiflora foetida var. glabrifolia Miq. ex Triana & Planch. Ann.

Sci. Nat. V. Bot. 17: 172. 1873, as synonym.

Passiflora Marigouja Perrottet ex Triana’& Planch. Ann. Sci. Nat.

V. Bot. 17: 172. 1878, as synonym.

Passiflora foetida var. hirsuta f. latifolia Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl.

254. 1891.

Stem densely hispid with spreading, yellowish hairs 2 to 3 mm.

long, not viscous; leaves averaging 7 cm. long and wide, 3-lobed

(midnerve: lateral nerves, 5:3-3.5, the middle lobe broadly lance-

ovate, abruptly acute or abruptly acuminate, the width more than

half the length, the lateral lobes triangular-ovate, subobtuse or acute),

subentire or remotely denticulate, densely ciliate with gland-tipped

hairs, sparingly appressed-hispid-hirsute on both surfaces; bracts 3 to

4 em. long, 2 to 2.5 cm. wide, tripinnatisect or quadripinnatisect,

the segments closely interwoven; ovary glabrous; fruit globose, 2 to

3 cm. in diameter, yellowish.

TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil.

ILLUSTRATION: Jacq. Eclog. Pl. 2: pl. 122.

DISTRIBUTION: Common in the West Indies, and in South ©

America to northern Peru and Amazonian Brazil; rarer farther

south in Brazil. Also in the Old World tropics.

BAHAMAS: Hitchcock in 1890 (F); Curtiss 42 (B, BM, F, Gen,

HV, K, Minn, N, Y); Wight 160 (B, F, HV, K, Y); Coker 282 (Y);

Britton & Brace 697 (F, K, Y); Wilson 8215 (F, Y).

CuBA: Pinar del Rio: Roig 4198 (HV).—Oriente: Fajardo,

Hioram 1004 (N).

JAMAICA: Pennell 11208 (N, Ph, 8); Maxon & Killip 1546 (B, F,

N, Y), 1739 (N); Maxon 10347 (N, Y); Perkins 190 (B); Millspaugh

2019 (F); Britton 1334 (J, Y), 2879 (Y); Harris 8520 (B, BM, J, Y),

12324 (J, Y); W. J. Thompson 7924 (B, F, Y); Lloyd (F); Alexander

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 495

(B, Gen), Lang 314 (Ph); Crawford 837 (Ph); Purdie (K); Orcutt

312 (BM).

PUERTO Rico: Underwood & Griggs 113 (N, Y), 346 (N); Heller

1029 (F, N, Y), 6119 (F, Gen, HV, N, Ph, Y); Shafer 2509 (N, Y);

Britton, Britton & Marble 2244 (N, Y); Britton & Wheeler 117 (N, Y);

Britton, Cowell & Hess 1871 (N, Y); Sintenis 1682 (B, Gen, J, N),

2759 (B, Gen), 4944 (B, N, Y); Britton, Britton & Brown 5909 (Y);

Krug 487 (B); Blauwmer 1031 (Bo, Gen); F. H. Sargent 193 (N);

Garber (Ph); Warming 584 (Cop); Guayama, Kuntze 565 (Y, type

of P. foetida var. hirsuta f. latifolia).

St. Croix: Ricksecker 233 (B, F, N), 271 (B, F, Minn, N, Y);

Rose, Fitch & Russell 3590 (N); J. B. Thompson 37 (N, Y), 153 (Y).

St. THomas: Schomburgk (Y); Wydler 100 (Gen, V); Ehrenberg

301 (B); Friedrichsthal 33 (V) (many of the Friedrichsthal specimens

are accompanied by labels bearing the printed words “Friedrichs-

thal’ and “Guatemala,” with other localities written in but the

“Guatemala” not crossed off; thus in the present instance the label

reads, ‘““Guatemala. St. Thomas’’). ,

ToRTOLA: Britton & Shafer 706 (Y); Fishlock 7 (Y).

St. MARTIN: Rijgersmaa (S).

SABA: Boldingh 2048 (Ut, Y).

St. Kitts: Britton & Cowell 252 (Y).

MONSERRAT: Shafer 226 (N, Y).

GUADELOUPE: Duss 606 (B), 2230 (B, Cop, F, N, Ph, Y); Per-

rottet (Gen); Duchassaing (B); Quentin 12 (P); Stehlé 312 (N),

547 (N), 1540 (N).

Dominica: Hoskin in 1841 (B); Lloyd 549 (Y); Bryant 53 (K).

MARTINIQUE: Duss 885a (B), 8856 (B, N), 885c (Y), 1036a (Y);

Hahn 909 (Gen, V), 1327 (Gen, Ph, V); Steinheil 30 (P); Plée (B, P);

Mouret 214 (B).

St. VINCENT: H. H. Smith 796 (B, N); Guilding (K, Y); Eggers

7040 (B).

GRENADA: Broadway in 1905 (N, Y).

BARBADOS: Bovell 21 (Y).

TRINIDAD and TOBAGO: Broadway 4476 (Brux), in 1918 (N,

T, Y); Hart 5720 (T).

FRENCH GUIANA: Broadway 966 (K, N, Y); Perrottet 52 (Gen);

Rothery 115 (B).

496 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

SURINAM: Archer 2654 (N), 2873 (N); Focke 638 (Ut); Hostmann |

652 (B, BM, Gen, Leid, P, Ut, V, Y); Kappler 1918 (“P. foetida ;

var. glabrifolia’; Bo, Gen, P, S, Ut); Lanjouw 107 (Ut); Menge

(Brux); Pulle 38 (Ut); Samuels 327 (B, G, K, Leid, Y), 503 (B, K, ~

Leid, Y); Soeprata 27 (Ut), 75 (Ut), 174 (Ut); Tulleken 311 (Leid);

Went 213 (Ut); Wullschlagel 216, in part (Ut).

BRITISH GUIANA (throughout lowlands): Hitchcock 17020 (G,

N, Y), 17181 (G, N, Y); Jenman 7870 (BG, N); Gleason 47 (K, N, Y);

De la Cruz 1169 (Y), 1218 (Y), 1247 (N, Y), 1274 (N, Y), 2174

(G, N, Y), 2876 (Y), 3049 (K, N, Y), 3161 (K, N, Y), 3387 (N, Y), |

3744 (N, Y), 4021 (G, N, Y), 4299 (G, N, Y); Campbell in 1871 (K).

VENEZUELA: Miranda: Guatire, Pittier 7842 (N). Paparo, Pittier —

6313 (B, N, Y). Rio Chico, Jahn 1250 (N).—Federal District:

Cabo Blanco, Pittier 10321 (B, Gen, N, Y).—Aragua: Ocumaré

Valley, Pittier 12161 (Gen, N, Y).—Carabobo: Puerto Cabello,

Pittier 8815 (B, G, N, Y).—Trujillo: La Concepcion, Reed 1082 (N).

COLOMBIA: Bolivar: Rio Sint, Pennell 4660 (N, Y).—Norte de

Santander: Ctcuta. Killip & Smith 21000 (A, G, N, Y).—Cundi-

namarca: Tocaima, Triana (Gen).—Antioquia: Medellin, Toro 361

(NY),

EcuaDor: Lehmann 182 (Bo, N); Vidal-Sénége 4714 ‘(P).—

Manabi: Eggers 15465 (B, F, P).—Guayas: Guayaquil, Hitchcock

20017 (G, N, Y); Fraser (BM, Gen); Sodiro 561 (B). Balao, Eggers

14597 (N). Barraganetal, Stevens 329 (N).

PERU: Tambez: Hacienda La Choza, Weberbauer 7690 (F).

BRAZIL: Collector not known (P, type).—Amazonas: Panure,

Spruce 2814 (Cop, Gen, K, P, V, Y). Rio Negro, Tate 133 (Y);

Weiss & Schmidt in 1907 (Y).—Para: Tapana, Killip & Smith 30319

(N, Y). Purts, Huber 4725 (Go). Santarem, Spruce 702 (P).—

Espiritu Santo: Martius (Brux).

This, the commonest representative of Dysosmia in the West

Indies and northern South America, is the form that has often been

considered the true P. foetida of Linnaeus. It is readily recognized,

both in the field and in herbaria, and shows little variation. The

bracts are relatively large, with closely interwoven segments.

The earliest name which can positively’ be associated with this

plant is that given it by Triana and Planchon, who made use of an

herbarium name of De Candolle’s.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 497

301m. Passiflora foetida var. isthmia Killip, var. nov.

Caulis pilis divaricatis flavidis dense hirsutus; folia in forma

generali suborbiculata, lobo medio ovato-deltoideo, lobis lateralibus

multo reductis; bracteae juveniles dense pilosae, segmentis multo

intertextis; ovarium glabrum.

Stem, petioles, and peduncles densely hirsute with spreading,

yellow-brown hairs averaging 2 mm. long; petiole sparingly glandular-

ciliate; leaves suborbicular in general outline, 3.5 to 7 em. long, 4 to

9 em. wide (lateral lobes usually reduced to a short tooth, the middle

lobe ovate-deltoid), hirsute; bracts densely pilose when young, the

segments closely interwoven; ovary glabrous; fruit 2 to 2.5 em. in

diameter, yellowish.

Type in the United States National Herbarium, No. 1,180,247,

collected at Fort San Lorenzo, Fort Sherman Military Reservation,

Canal Zone, Panama, June 14, 1923, by W. R. Maxon (No. 7013).

DISTRIBUTION: Panama and along Pacific coast to Ecuador;

known from one locality in the Magdalena Valley, Colombia.

PANAMA: Canal Zone: Pittier 1725 (N), 2089 (BM, N, Y), 2474

(N, Y), 2678 (N, Y), 3569 (Y), 5508 (N), 6954 (N); Piper 5894 (N),

5941 (N); Standley 25554 (N), 26911 (N); Cowell 393 (Y); Hayes 71

(G), 697 (Y); Seemann 503 (K); Kenoyer 570 (N); Fendler 117 (BM,

G, K, P); Bailey & Bailey 385 (N).—Panama: Tapia River, Maxon

6719 (N).

COLOMBIA: Santander: Narifio, Killip & Smith 14963 (N).—El

Valle: Buenaventura, Killip 5289 (G, N); Pittier 1504 (N). Dagua,

Lehmann (K).

EcuaADorR: Guayas: San Ignacio, Heilborn 49 (Gen, 8).

This is the common representative of Dysosmia on the Isthmus of

Panama. It has the characteristic bracts and indument of var.

hispida, but the lateral lobes of the leaves are greatly reduced and the

bracts are densely long-pilose, though occasionally they become

glabrescent with age.

301n. Passiflora foetida var. muralis (Barb. Rodr.) Killip, comb.

nov.

Passiflora muralis Barb. Rodr. Contr. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 1:

29. 1891; 3, pt. 2: pl. 13b. 1891.

Plant very viscous; stem hispid-hirsute with yellowish hairs;

stipules semi-annular or subreniform, deeply pinnatisect, many of the

segments pinnatisect; leaves hastate or subhastate (middle lobe

498 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

broadly ovate to ovate-lanceolate, acute, the lateral lobes subor-

bicular or lance-ovate, rounded), closely denticulate, glandular-

ciliate, subcoriaceous, lustrous, appressed-hirsute above, strigillose

beneath with the hairs glandular-thickened at base; bracts glabrous,

2 to 2.5 em. long, bipinnatisect or tripinnatisect, the segments not

closely interwoven; ovary glabrous; fruit globose, 2 to 2.5 em. in

diameter. .

TYPE LOCALITY: Forte do Cabedello, State of Parahyba, Brazil

(type collected by Barbosa Rodriguez).

ILLUSTRATION: Contr. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 3, pt. 2: pl. 13b. —

1891. .

DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Brazil.

BRAZIL: Booz (Y). Rio Parapintinga, Pohl 2629 (V).—Ceara:

Lofgren 116 (N).—Pernambuco: Tapera, Pickel in 1931 (BM, G,

N).—Bahia: Toca de Onea, Rose & Russell 20080 (N). Bahia,

Blanchet 874 (Y).

Barbosa’s plate is well matched by Rose & Russell 20080. In

the Pickel specimens the leaves are more nearly hastate and less

densely glandular-ciliate. This variety is perhaps too close to the

following one.

301lo. Passiflora foetida var. strigosa S. Moore, Trans. Linn.

| Soc. II. 4: 365. 1895.

Stem slender, glabrous, rarely sparingly hirsute; stipules semi-

annular, the segments filiform; leaves subhastate, rarely subentire

(middle lobe ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, the lateral lobes broadly

ovate, subacute), entire or remotely serrulate, thin-membranous,

dull, sparingly strigillose beneath with the hairs glandular-thickened

at base; bracts about 2 cm. long, tripinnatisect, the segments not

closely interwoven; ovary glabrous; fruit about 1.5 cm. in diameter,

yellow.

TYPE LOCALITY: Corumba, Matto Grosso, Brazil.

DISTRIBUTION: Central and eastern Brazil.

BRAZIL: Gardner 1838 (K). Western Brazil, Tamberlik (V).

Cachoeira, Pohl 2308 (V).—Amazonas: Falls of Rio Madeira, Rusby

2457 (F, N, Ph, Y). Rio Branco, Ule 7983 (B, K); Kuhlmann 3411

(Ut), 4671 (S, Ut). Jurud, Ule 5111 (B, Gen, K).—Para: Para,

Moss 36 (N); Dahlgren & Sella 401 (N). Tocantin, Weddell 2328 (P).

Rio Tapajés, Krukoff 1208 (Y). Santarem, Monteiro da Costa 193

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 499

(N).—Ceara: Quixada, Swallen 4474 (N). Fortaleza, Drouet 2367

(G).—Matto Grosso: Corumba, Moore 915 (B, BM, type). Rio

Paraguay, Moore 820 (BM).

This is a slender plant with very thin leaves. The name strigosa

is scarcely appropriate, inasmuch as the indument is very scant.

The basal lobes are almost wanting in the Drouet specimen.

3801p. Passiflora foetida var. fluminensis (M. Roemer) Killip,

comb. nov.

Passiflora foetida Vell. Fl. Flumin. 9: pl. 86. 1827. Not P.

foetida L. (1758).

Dysosmia fluminensis M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 150. 1846.

Plant densely hirsute throughout (except the ovary) with long,

eglandular, yellowish hairs 2 to 4 mm. long; leaves hastate, the length

and greatest width subequal, the middle lobe broadly:lanceolate, the

lateral lobes suborbicular-ovate; bracts 2.5 to 3 cm. long, tripinnati-

sect, hirsute, the segments not closely interwoven; ovary glabrous;

fruit 1.5 to 2 cm. in diameter, yellowish.

TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil.

DISTRIBUTION: Southeastern Brazil.

BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro, Gaudichaud 1026 (Gen,

P, V); Riedel & Luschnath 714 (N); Glaziow 20334 (B, Cop, K);

Pohl & Schott 2454 (V).

Velloso’s illustrations were unaccompanied by descriptions, and

there always is uncertainty in associating herbarium specimens with

them. Roemer’s description was evidently based solely upon the

illustration. Gardner described a wholly different plant under the

name P. Vellozii, erroneously citing as a synonym the Velloso figure

(pl. 86). Triana and Planchon were correct, I believe, in identifying

(Ann. Sci. Nat. V. Bot. 17: 175. 1873) Gaudichaud 1026 with the

plate in question, though they followed Gardner in citing it, as well

as the Roemer name, as P. Vellozii.

301q. Passiflora foetida var. hastata (Bertol.) Mast. Trans. Linn.

Soc. 27: 631. 1871; in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 588. 1872.

Passiflora hastata Bertol. Fl. Guatim. 427. 1840; Walp. Repert.

Bot. 2: 221. 1848.

Dysosmia hastata M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 149. 1846.

Plant not viscous, densely hirsute throughout with long, yellowish

hairs; leaves hastate (midnerves: lateral nerves, about 5:2-2.5, the

500 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

middle lobe lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, the

lateral lobes ovate, rounded or acute), the hairs of the leaves closely

di Iycait ile sah a: eb ai oa aaa aan

appressed; bracts 3 to 3.5 cm. long at post-anthesis; ovary glabrous; —

fruit 2.5 to 3 em. in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: Escuintla, Guatemala (type specimen collected

by Bertoloni).

DISTRIBUTION: Southeastern Mexico to Guatemala and British

Honduras.

Mexico: Hahn (Brux, P).—Veracruz: Liebmann, Passiflora No.

45 (Cop), No. 51 (Cop). Papantla, Liebmann, Passiflora No. 46

(Cop). Tantoyuca, Ervendberg 158b (Bo, Gen, Ph, Y). Zacuapan,

PS ee ee ee ll

Purpus (grown at Washington, D. C.; Gen, N, Ph, 8S). Cordoba, —

Bourgeau 2336 (B, Brux, G, P, 8). Veracruz, Schnée (N, P); Seler

5116 (B).

GUATEMALA: Morales, Deam 6028 (N).—Alta Verapaz: Cajval,

Pittier 234 (BM, N, Y). Sehachicha, Tiirckheim 8214 (N). Chama,

H. Johnson 175 (N).—Retaluleu: Bernoullt & Cario 2821 (B, K, S).

BRITISH HONDURAS: Mountain Pine Ridge, Bartlett 11927 (Mich).

Although I have not seen the type of P. hastata, Pittier 234

agrees best with the description. Among the varieties of P. foetida

in Mexico and Central America this comes closest to the typical

form in the shape of the leaves and their indument.

301r. Passiflora foetida var. lanuginosa Killip, Carnegie Inst.

Wash. Publ. 461: 325. 1936.

Stem hirsute with divaricate, golden brown hairs about 2 mm.

long, rarely shorter; leaves hastate, subhastate, or rarely sublanceo-

late (midnerves: lateral nerves, about 2:1, rarely as much as 4:1),

above ferruginous-hirsutulous or hirsute, beneath softly lanuginous,

hirsute on the nerves and veins; bracts 1.5 to 5 em. long, the ultimate

segments usually elongate, not closely interwoven; ovary glabrous;

fruit 2 to 3 cm. in diameter, yellowish, or reddish.

TYPE LOCALITY: Mirador, Veracruz, Mexico.

DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Mexico to Guatemala and British

Honduras.

Mexico: Née (Ma); Sessé & Mocifio 4470, in part (Ma), 4471

(Ma).—Tamaulipas: Tampico, Palmer 21 (BM, G, Gen, N, Y), 487

(G, Mo, N, Y). Victoria, Palmer 221 (F, G, Mo, N, Y), 515 (G, N).

Tamaulipas, Berlandier 209 (Gen).—San Luis Potosi: Tancanhuitz,

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 501

Nelson 4381 (N). Las Palmas, Rose & Hough 4875 (N). San

Dieguito, Palmer 124 (K, Mo, N, Y). Valles, Fisher 3342 (N).—

Veracruz: Liebmann 4088 (Cop), 4090-4093 (all Cop), 4097 (Cop).

Mirador, Liebmann 4096 (Passiflora No. 53; Cop, N, type); Purpus

8805 (N); Galeotti 3660 (Brux). Jalapa, Pringle 7823 (G, N).

Zacuapan, Purpus 2064 (B, Cal, F, G, Minn, N, Y). Orizaba,

Bourgeau 2438 (Bo, G, P). Cérdoba, Orcutt 3350 (F).—Oaxaca:

Santo Domingo, Nelson 2703 (N). Tuxtepec, Nelson 373 (N).—

Chiapas: Ocozaquanlilla, Seler 2119 (B).—Campeche: Tuxpefia,

Lundell 1034 (Mich, N).

GUATEMALA: Petén: La Libertad, Lundell 2227 (N), 3357 (N).

Lake Petén, Lundell 3125 (N). ;

BRITISH HONDURAS: Belize River, Lundell 3843 (N). El Cayo,

Chanek 1 (N). Mountain Pine Ridge, Lundell 6900 (N). Salt

Creek, O’ Neill 8804 (CU). Boomtown, O’ Neill 8803 (CU).

The leaves of the type specimen are very densely lanuginous,

more so than in the case of most of the other specimens cited. Lun-

dell 6900 is a peculiar variant, with sublanceolate leaves, the basal

lobes being much reduced.

301s. Passiflora foetida var. parvifolia Killip, var. nov.

Caulis tenuis, pilis albidis leviter pilosulus; folia hastata, parva,

ad 2 cm. longa., 1.5 cm. lata., utrinque ferrugineo-lanuginosa; bracteae

bipinnatisectae, segmentis rectis; ovarium glabrum.

Stem slender, finely pilosulous with white hairs, much branched,

the branches very leafy; leaves hastate, 5 to 20 mm. along midnerve,

3 to 6 mm. along lateral nerves, ferruginous-lanuginous on both

surfaces; bracts 1.5 to 1.8 cm. long, bipinnatisect, the segments

straight or nearly so; ovary glabrous; fruit about 1.5 cm. in diameter,

reddish.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type material from western

Mexico.

Type in the United States National Herbarium, No. 252,833,

collected in the vicinity of Acapulco, State of Guerrero, Mexico,

1894-1895, by E. Palmer (No. 315).

301t. Passiflora foetida var. tepicana Killip, var. nov.

Caulis tenuis, cano-pilosulus; folia angulato-subhastata, tenuiter

membranacea, glabrescentia, infra in nervis minute adpresso-pilosula;

bracteae bipinnatisectae; ovarium glabrum.

502 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Stem slender, finely white-pilosulous; leaves subangulately

3-lobed, 2.5 to 5 cm. long, 2 to 4 em. wide (middle lobe: lateral

lobes, 2.5:1), glabrescent above, minutely appressed-pilosulous on

nerves beneath, thin-membranous; flowers about 4 cm. wide, white;

bracts 2 cm. long at anthesis, bipinnatisect or tripinnatisect; ovary

glabrous.

Type in the United States National Herbarium, No. 300,891,

collected between Pedro Paulo and San Blascito, foothills of the

Sierra Madre, Tepic, Mexico, August 4, 1897, by J. N. Rose (No. 1998).

Duplicate at G.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the State of Tepic, Mexico.

MExiIco: Tepic: San Blas, Nelson 4351 (N).

The indument and shape of the leaves suggest the variety

gossyprfolia.

301lu. Passiflora foetida var. sanctae-martae Killip, var. nov.

Caulis glaber; folia irregulariter serrata, utrinque sparse hirsuta,

trilobata, lobo medio ovato vel late ovato-lanceolato, lobis lateralibus

triangulato-ovatis; bractearum segmenta non conferte intertexta;

ovarium glabrum.

Stem glabrous; leaves 3-lobed (middle lobe: lateral lobes, 3:2;

length along midnerve 4 to 6 cm., along lateral nerves 3 to 4 cm.,

middle lobe ovate or broadly ovate-lanceolate, acute, the lateral

lobes triangular-ovate, acute), irregularly serrate, sparingly hirsutu-

lous on both surfaces; bracts 2.5 to 3 em. long, bipinnatisect or

tripinnatisect, the segments not closely interwoven; flowers about

2.5 ecm. wide, pink; ovary glabrous; fruit about 1.5 cm. in diameter,

yellowish.

Type in the United States National Herbarium, No. 1,356,044,

collected near Santa Marta, Magdalena, Colombia, in arid coastal

belt, April 5, 1927, by E. P. Killip and A. C. Smith (No. 21103).

Duplicates at G and Y.

DISTRIBUTION: Northern coast of Colombia.

COLOMBIA: Magdalena: Santa Marta, H. H. Smith 1532 (B, BM,

Brux, CM, F, G, Gen, K, N, P, Ph, S, Ut, Y); Pittter 1598 (G, N, Y);

Goudot (K); Schultze 266 (B). Dibulla, Seifriz 227 (N). Masinga,

Instituto de La Salle Herb. (Bog).

30lv. Passiflora foetida var. Gardneri Killip, var. nov.

Caulis pilosulus; folia subhastata, glanduloso-serrulata, supra

adpresso-hirsuta et lanuginosa, subtus in nervis venisque adpresso-

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 503

hirsuta; bracteae bipinnatisectae vel tripinnatisectae, pilosulae,

segmentis non conferte intertextis; ovarium glabrum.

Stem pilosulous with grayish hairs averaging 1 mm. long; leaves

subhastate (midnerve: lateral nerves, 2:1; middle lobe ovate-lanceo-

late, acuminate, the basal lobes ovate-orbicular, acute), regularly

glandular-serrulate, appressed-hirsute and lanuginous above, ap-

pressed-hirsute on the nerves and veins beneath; bracts about 3.5 cm.

long, bipinnatisect or tripinnatisect, pilosulous, the segments not

closely interwoven; ovary glabrous; fruit globose, about 2 em. in

diameter, yellowish.

Type in the Gray Herbarium, collected in the State of Alagéas,

Brazil, in 1838, by G. Gardner (No. 1314). Duplicate at K.

This seems closest to the varieties hirsuta and Eliasii, but differs

in the toothing of the leaves and the indument.

301lw. Passiflora foetida var. Glaziovii Killip, var. nov.

Caulis tenuissimus, glaber; folia subhastata, dense ciliata, supra

adpresso-hirsuta, subtus glabra; bracteae bipinnatisectae; ovarium

glabrum.

Stem very slender, glabrous; leaves subhastate, densely ciliate

and with a few stiffer, gland-tipped hairs at the margin, appressed-

hirsute above; bracts about 1 cm. long, bipinnatifid, the segments

not closely interwoven; ovary glabrous.

Type in the herbarium of the Universitetets Botaniske Museum,

Copenhagen, collected at Nova Friburgo, State of Rio de Janeiro,

Brazil, by A. Glaziou.(No. 4818). Duplicate at B.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type material.

301x. Passiflora foetida var. Eliasii Killip, var. nov.

Caulis pilis brunnescentibus brevibus hirsutulus, raro glaber;

folia subhastata, subintegerrima, supra adpresso-hirsutula et velutina,

infra dense brunneo-velutina; bractearum segmenta non conferte

intertexta; ovarium glabrum.

Stem: sparingly hirsutulous with short, brownish hairs, rarely

glabrous; leaves subhastate (middle lobe: lateral lobes, 3.5:1; middle

lobe ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 2.5 to 3 cm. long, abruptly acute,

the lateral lobes much reduced, suborbicular), subentire, appressed-

hirsute and velutinous above, densely brownish-velutinous beneath,

the hairs very short; bracts about 2 cm. long, bipinnatisect or

tripinnatisect, the segments -not closely interwoven; flowers about

2.5 em. wide; styles long-pilose; ovary glabrous; fruit about 1.5 cm.

in diameter, yellowish.

504 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Type in the United States National Herbarium, No. 1,344,964,

collected at Barranquilla, Department of Atlantico, Colombia, Janu-

ary, 1928, by Brother Elias (No. 467).

DISTRIBUTION: Northern coast of Colombia.

COLOMBIA: Rio Magdalena, Peale (Ph).—Atlantico: Puerto

Colombia, Killip & Smith 21078 (N); Pennell 12029 (G, N). Ba-

rranquilla, Elias 984 (N), 986, in part (N); Dugand 1113 (N).—

Bolivar: Cartagena, Heriberto 64 (N), 197 (N, Y); Bullberg 120 (B,

N, S); Watts (K). Turbaco, Holton 702 (Y). Rio Magdalena,

Esposto 39 (K).

In typical material the basal leaf lobes are much reduced, but in

other specimens they are more developed, the variety thus approach-

ing typical P. foetida.

30ly. Passiflora foetida var. hirsuta Mast. Trans. Linn. Soc. 27:

631. 1871.

Passiflora Baraquiniana Lemaire, Illust. Hort. 8: pl. 276. 1861.

Stem softly pilosulous with spreading, yellowish hairs 1 to 1.5 mm.

long; petioles densely glandular-ciliate; leaves 7 to 12 cm. long, 6

to 9 em. wide, 3-lobed (middle lobe: lateral lobes, 5:1 or 2; middle

lobe triangular-ovate, abruptly acuminate, the lateral lobes sub-

orbicular, often much reduced), appressed-pilose on both surfaces;

bracts up to 3 cm. long, bipinnatisect, the segments not closely

interwoven; flowers about 2.5 cm. wide; ovary glabrous; fruit sub-

globose, about 2.5 cm. in diameter, greenish yellow, edible.

TYPE LOCALITY: “Territoire des Amazones”’ (type collected by

Baraquin).

ILLUSTRATION: Lemaire, Illust. Hort. 8: pl. 276.

DISTRIBUTION: Amazonian basin of Brazil and Peru.

Peru: San Martin: Tarapoto, L. Williams 5413 (N).—Loreto:

Contamana, Killip & Smith 26870 (N, Y). Iquitos, Killip & Smith

27093 (N, Y); Klug 959 (F, N, Y), 1483 (F, N, Y). Yurimaguas,

Killip & Smith 27828 (F, G, N, Y); L. Williams 5069 (F, N), 7847

(N); Poeppig 2173 (Bo, V). Lower Rio Huallaga, L. Williams 3962

(N), 3977 (N), 5112 (N). Rio Ucayali, Tessmann 3091 (B, Gen, S),

5464 (Gen).

In the shape of the leaves this variety resembles var. hispida, but

the indument of the stem is softer, the petioles are glandular-ciliate,

and the segments of the bracts are not closely interwoven.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 505

At the place of publication of this varietal name Masters cited

only P. Baraquiniana asa synonym. In the Flora Brasiliensis, which

appeared the following year, he listed another synonym, P. hirsuta L.

Amoen. Acad. 1: 227. This was an inadvertent error, as the Linnean

name was at the same time listed correctly in the synonymy of

P. suberosa. The specimens cited as var. hirsuta by Masters in the

Flora Brasiliensis belong to several varieties.

301z. Passiflora foetida var. galapagensis Killip, var. nov.

Caulis dense rufo-hirsutulus; folia trilobata, lobo medio ovato-

lanceolato, lobis lateralibus rotundatis vel abrupte acutis, conferte

glanduloso-ciliata, hirsutula vel hirsuto-tomentulosa; bracteae bipin-

natisectae vel tripinnatisectae, glabrae, segmentis non conferte

intertextis; ovarium glabrum.

Stem densely and softly rufo-hirsutulous, the hairs averaging not

more than 1 mm. long; leaves 3-lobed (middle lobe ovate-lanceolate,

the lateral lobes usually well developed, rounded or abruptly acute),

closely glandular-ciliate, thin-membranous, hirsutulous or hirsute-

tomentulous on both surfaces; bracts bipinnatisect or tripinnatisect,

glabrous, the segments not closely interwoven; flowers about 4 cm.

wide, white, the outermost corona rays purple-banded proximally;

ovary glabrous; fruit globose, 2 to 2.5 em. in diameter, yellow,

glabrous.

Type in the herbarium of the California Academy of Sciences,

No. 209,099, collected at Post Office Bay, Charles Island, Galapagos

Islands, April 23, 19382, by John Thomas Howell (No. 8833). Dupli-

cate at N.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the Galapagos Islands.

Ecuapbor: Colén: Galapagos Islands: Anderson 161 (Cop, S, V).

Indefatigable Island, Stewart 2073 (CAS, G, N); Howell 9045 (CAS,

N); Schimpff 22 (CAS, Gen, Ut). Charles Island, Stewart 2071

(CAS, G); Lee in 1888 (N); Agassiz in 1891 (N). Albemarle Island,

Stewart 2068 (CAS), 2069 (CAS, G). Chatham Island, Stewart 2072

(CAS, G, N); Snodgrass & Heller 496 (N); Agassiz in 1891 (N).

Floreana Island, Rorud 214 (G). Barrington Island, Stewart 2067

(CAS).

This is very close to var. hirsuta, and I am separating the two

mainly because of their different geographical distribution. In the

type of the Galapagan variety the indument of the leaves is much

shorter and softer than in the Amazonian plant.

506 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

30laa. Passiflora foetida var. Maxoni Killip, Carnegie Inst. Wash.

Publ. 461: 326. 1936.

Stem softly pilosulous with hairs up to 1 mm. long; leaves hastate

or subhastate (midnerve: lateral nerves, 5:3-4; middle lobe oblong-

lanceolate, acuminate, the lateral lobes ovate-lanceolate, usually

bilobate, acute or subacute), crenulate, pilosulous; bracts 3 to 3.5 em.

long at post-anthesis, the ultimate segments not closely interwoven;

flowers 2.5 to 3 cm. wide, pale purple; ovary glabrous; fruit 2.5-3 em.

in diameter.

TYPE LOCALITY: Lake Managua, near Managua, Nicaragua.

DISTRIBUTION: Salvador and Nicaragua.

SALVADOR: Renson 259 (N). Department of San Salvador,

Standley 22608 (N), 22763 (N), 23278 (N).

NICARAGUA: Hart (Trinidad Herb. 5495; T). Lake Managua,

near Managua, Maxon 7219 (N, type); Garnier 917 (N). Corinto,

Tonduz in 1921 (N).

This and two other varieties in Mexico and Central America

often have the basal lobes bilobate, so that the leaves appear 5-lobed.

The pubescence of this variety is rather similar to that of var. gossy-

pifolia, and the large, purplish flowers are suggestive of certain other

varieties in this region.

301bb. Passiflora foetida var. subpalmata Killip, Carnegie Inst.

Wash. Publ. 461: 326. 1936.

Stem slender, glabrous; leaves subhastate (midnerve: lateral

nerves, 5:38, the basal lobes oblong in general outline, subobtuse,

usually bilobate), hirsutulous above, pilosulous beneath; bracts

about 2 em. long at anthesis, the ultimate segments not closely

interwoven; ovary glabrous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Progreso, Yucatan, Mexico.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the State of Yucatan, Mexico.

MExIco: Yucatan: Gawmer 23979 (F, N), 24251 (F, Gen, N).

Progreso, Steere 3021 (N), 3022 (N, type).

301cc. Passiflora foetida var. mayarum Killip, Carnegie Inst.

Wash. Publ. 461: 327. 1936.

Stem slender, glabrous or very sparingly pilose; leaves hastate or

subhastate (midnerve: lateral nerves, 5: 2 or 2.5, the lateral lobes

broadly ovate or suborbicular, rounded or rarely subacute), sub-

appressed-hirtellous above, densely and softly ferruginous-pilosulous

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 507

beneath; bracts up to 4 em. long, the segments not closely interwoven;

sepals and petals cream-colored, the corona purple and white; ovary

glabrous; fruit 2 to 2.5 cm. in diameter, red.

TYPE LOCALITY: Along the Belize-Sibun road, Belize District,

British Honduras.

DISTRIBUTION: British Honduras.

BRITISH HONDURAS: Gentle 157 (N). Belize, Gentle 6 (N, type),

39 (N); Lundell 1836 (N), 3838 (N). Corozal, Lundell 1897 (N);

Gentle 126 (N), 613 (Mich). Belize River, Lundell 3837 (N). Pros-

pecto, Gentle 907 (Mich).

301dd. Passiflora foetida var. salvadorensis Killip, Carnegie

Inst. Wash. Publ. 461: 327. 1936.

Stem slender, glabrous; leaves hastate (midnerve: lateral nerves,

5:1.5-2, the lobes subacute), appressed-hirsute above, hirsutulous

beneath; ultimate segments of bracts not closely interwoven; flowers

purple; ovary glabrous; fruit about 2.5 cm. in diameter, reddish.

TYPE LOCALITY: Nahulingo, Sonsonate, Salvador. y

DISTRIBUTION: Salvador.

SALVADOR (all Department of Sonsonate): Nahulingo, 220 meters,

Standley 22006 (G, N, type). Izalco, Standley 22209 (G, N, Y).

Nahuizalco, Pittier 1966 (N).

This merges into the variety Maxoni.

30lee. Passiflora foetida var. hibiscifolia (Lam.) Killip, comb.

nov.

Passiflora hibiscifolia Lam. Encycl. 3: 39. 1789.

(?) Passiflora hibiscifolia var. glabrata Fenzl ex Jacq. Eclog. Pl. 2:5.

1844.

Dysosmia hibiscifolia M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 149. 1846.

Passiflora Liebmanni Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 547.

1872.

Plant glabrous throughout; leaves 5-lobed, 5 to 10 cm. long, 4 to

10 em. wide (lobes oblong-lanceolate or oblanceolate, rounded or

subobtuse), crenate, not ciliate, resinous-punctate beneath, sub-

coriaceous; bracts 2.5 to 5 em. long, bipinnatisect or tripinnatisect,

the segments not closely interwoven; fruit 3 to 4 cm. in diameter,

scarlet.

TYPE LOCALITY: Probably in Central America, according to

Lamarck.

508 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HIsTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

DISTRIBUTION: Southern Mexico and Nicaragua.

MEXIco: Collector(?) (Lamarck Herbarium, P, type). Cultivated

at Washington, D. C., from Mexican seeds, Rose 4014 (N).—Puebla:

Venta Salada, Liebmann 4078 (Passiflora No. 41; Cop, type of P.

Iiebmanni). Tehuacan, Liebmann 4079 (Passiflora No. 40; Cop, N).

—Guerrero: Acapulco, Palmer 409 (G), 409a (F, N).—Oaxaca: San

Antonio, Pringle 4847 (B, BM, Bo, Brux, Cal, F, G, Gen, K, Minn,

N, P, Ph, 8, V, Y); Conzatts 211 (F); C. L. Smith 245 (N). Tomellin,

Rose & Hough 4676 (N); Rose, Painter & Rose 10056 (N). Santa

Catarina, Rusby 48 (N, Y). MHuilotepec, Nelson 2589 (G, N).

Cuicatlan, Nelson 1632 (G, N); Conzatts 184 (G); L. C. Smith 189

(G). Tehuantepec, Orcutt 5272 (N); Seler 4665 (B), 1670 (B).

NICARAGUA: Granada, Baker 74 (Cal, G, Mich, Mo, Po, Roch,

Y), 843 (Cal, G, N).

Writers have failed to associate Lamarck’s name with the common

Oaxaca plant, usually attempting to apply it to West Indian varieties

of P. foetida with a conspicuous indument. To the readily recog-

nized plant of southern Mexico Masters gave the name P. Liebmanni.

301ff. Passiflora foetida var. ciliata (Dryand.) Mast. Trans.

Linn. Soc. 27: 631. 1871; in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 583.

1872.

Passiflora ciliata Dryand. in Ait. Hort. Kew. 3: 310. 1789.

Dysosmia ciliata M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 149. 1846.

Plant glabrous throughout except for a few gland-tipped cilia on

the petioles and at the leaf margins; leaves subhastate (midnerve:

lateral nerves, 5: 2-3; lobes narrowly oblanceolate or narrowly oblong-

lanceolate, the length usually much exceeding the width, acute or

acuminate), subtruncate or cordate at base, finely denticulate; bracts

bipinnatisect or tripinnatisect, 3 to 4 cm. long, the segments not

closely interwoven; flowers 4 to 5 cm. wide, light blue or pale pink:

fruit when ripe 2.5 to 3.5 cm. in diameter, scarlet or bright red.

TYPE LOCALITY: Jamaica, the type a plant cultivated in England.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Bot. Mag. 8: pl. 288; Lawrance, Passion FI. pl.

12; (?)Jaeq. Eclog. Pl. 2: pl. 122.

DISTRIBUTION: Southern Mexico and northern Guatemala;

Jamaica.

Mexico: Campeche: Campeche, Seler 4947 (B).' El Carmen,

Mell 2016 (N).—Yucatan: Gaumer 127 (B, K), 466 (B, Bo, F, N,

V, Y), 680 (F, S). Mérida, Schott 983 (BM). Progreso, Gawmer

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 509

23355 (F, Gen, N, Y). Silam, Gawmer 1888 (N). La Vega, Goldman

631 (N). Chichen Itza, Steere 1089 (N), 1445 (N). Chichankanab,

Gaumer 1783 (F, J, N, 8S, V). Calcehtok, Stone 270 (Ph).

GUATEMALA: Petén: San Clemente, Bartlett 12832 (Mich).

JAMAICA: McFadyen (K); Purdie (K); Ex Hort. Kew. (BM,

type). Meylersfield, Westmoreland, Harris 11816 (F, J, N, Y);

Maxon & Killip 1423 (cultivated at Hope Gardens; F, G, N, Y).

Bullstrode, E. G. Britton 2880 (J, Y).

301lgg. Passiflora foetida var. nicaraguensis Killip, Carnegie

Inst. Wash. Publ. 461: 328. 1936.

Passiflora hastata var. nicaraguensis Killip ex Standl. Field Mus.

Bot. 10: 293. 1931.

Plant glabrous throughout; leaves hastate (midnerve: lateral

nerves, 5: 2-2.5; lobes rounded to subacute), ciliate; bracts 3 to 4 em.

long at time of fruit, the segments not closely interwoven; flowers

purplish white; fruit 2.5 to 3 cm. in diameter, scarlet(?).

TYPE LOCALITY: La Fragua, Honduras. )

DISTRIBUTION: Southern Mexico to Nicaragua.

MExIco: Sessé & Mocitio 4470, in part (Ma).—Oaxaca: Papa-

loapam, Archer 3977 (N).—Tabasco: Rio Grijalva, Rovirosa 560 (N,

Ph, Y).—Yucatan: Ticul, Stone 286 (Ph).

GUATEMALA: Retaluleu: Champerico, Kellerman 4969 (N).—

Escuintla: Escuintla, J. D. Smith 2016 (G, K, N).

BRITISH HONDURAS: Corozal, Gentle 379 (Mich). Belize, Lun-

dell 3933 (N).

Honpuras: La Fragua, Atlantida, Standley 52665 (N, type).

Tela, Atlantida, Yuncker 4668 (Mich).

NICARAGUA: Granada, Lévy 120 (Cop, Gen, K, P).

Passiflora foetida var. nicaraguensis merges into several other

varieties, e.g., Maxoni, mayarum, and ciliata. The plant was first

described in an account of the Flora of the Lancetilla Valley, Hon-

duras, the description being derived from a specimen from that

region, to which I had given the name P. hastata var. nicaraguensis.

At the time this sheet was submitted to me I was inclined to separate

several species from P. foetida, and had at hand a number of Nica-

raguan specimens which I considered to belong to the same variety as

the Lancetilla sheet. In the present treatment, in which P. foetida is

taken in a broader sense, but its varieties are separated on finer lines,

510 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

most of the Nicaraguan specimens fall into other varieties. To avoid

perpetual confusion, I have selected the specimen from La Fragua,

Honduras, as the type, this locality being the only one cited at the

place of original publication.

30lhh. Passiflora foetida var. subintegra Killip, Carnegie Inst.

Wash. Publ. 461: 328. 1936.

Plant glabrous throughout; stem black, wiry; leaves narrowly

lanceolate or obscurely hastate, 4 to 6 cm. long, 1 to 2 cm. wide,

acuminate, undulate; bracts about 2 cm. long at anthesis, ultimate

segments not closely interwoven; flowers dark rose; fruit scarlet.

TYPE LOCALITY: All Pines, British Honduras.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality.

_BRITISH HONDURAS: All Pines, Schipp 648 (Gen, Mich, type).

301ii. Passiflora foetida var. orinocensis Killip in Bailey, Gent.

Herb. 2: 205. f. 107. 1980.

Plant glabrous throughout; leaves averaging 6 cm. long, 4.5 cm.

wide, hastate (midnerve: lateral nerves, 5:1.5-2; middle lobe lanceo-

late, acuminate, the lateral lobes suborbicular), cordate, sparingly

glandular-punctate beneath, minutely denticulate; bracts 2.5 to 3

cm. long, viscous, bipinnatisect or tripinnatisect, covered throughout

with minute, sessile glands, the segments not closely interwoven;

fruit about.3 cm. in diameter, red.

TYPE LOCALITY: Isla Degrero, near Ciudad Bolivar, Venezuela.

ILLUSTRATION: Bailey, Gent. Herb. 2: 205. f. 107. 1930.

DISTRIBUTION: Lower Orinoco River, Venezuela.

VENEZUELA: Lower Rio Orinoco, Chaffanjon 233 (P); Rusby

& Squires 179 (K, Minn, Y).—Bolivar: Ciudad Bolivar, Bailey &

Bailey 1773 (N, type, Y).

301jj. Passiflora foetida var. riparia (C. Wright) Killip, comb.

~ nov.

Passiflora ciliata var. riparia C. Wright ex Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub.

113. 1866.

Plant glabrous throughout; leaves averaging 7 cm. long and wide,

3-lobed (midnerve: lateral nerves, 5:3-3.5, the middle lobe averaging

4 cm. wide, abruptly acute or acuminate, lateral lobes suborbicu-

lar), remotely denticulate or subentire, cordate, sparingly ciliate;

bracts 4 to 5 em. long, bipinnatisect or tripinnatisect, the segments

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 511

elongate, not closely interwoven; flowers up to 6 cm. wide, purple;

fruit globose, 3 to 4 cm. in diameter, red.

TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba.

DISTRIBUTION: Southern Florida, Bahamas, Cuba, and Hispaniola.

FLORIDA: Fruitland Park, R. N. Jones in 1920 (N).

BAHAMAS: Fortune Island, Bartsch in 1930 (N).

CuBA: Wright 2602 (B, type, BM, Bo, HA, Gen, K, N). Rio

Yateras, 600 meters, Eggers 5305 (B, J, N); De la Sagra (V).—

Habana: Santiago de Las Vegas, cultivated(?), Abarca 332 (HV).—

Oriente: San Luis, Pollard & Palmer 351 (F, G, Minn, Mo, N, Ph, Y).

HAITI: Nash 598 (Y). St. Michel de l’Atalaye, Leonard 8511

(N). Etang, Leonard 3569 (B, N, Y). Port au Prince, Leonard 2772

(B, N, Y). Port a Piment, Ekman H425 (S). Gonaives, Jacque-

mont in 1834 (P). Tortue Island, Leonard & Leonard 11233 (K, N),

11608 (N), 14018 (N), 15359 (N); Ekman H4289 (N).

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: Bertero (Gen); Potteau in 1802 (Gen).

Samana, Miller 1085 (N). Villa Riva, Abbott 548 (B, N, Y). Hania,

Faris 318 (N). La Romana, Ekman H12096 (N).

PUERTO RIco: Leyte, Wengel 1308 (F).

301kk. Passiflora foetida var. quinqueloba (Griseb.) Killip,

comb. nov.

Passiflora ciliata var. quinqueloba Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 113. 1866.

Passiflora foetida var. ciliata f. quinqueloba Mast. Trans. Linn.

Soe. 27: 631. 1871; in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 583. 1872.

Plant essentially glabrous; leaves small for the group, 5-lobed

(middle lobe narrowly oblong-lanceolate, rounded or acute, the basal

lobes sometimes reduced), cordate, remotely denticulate, bearing a

few hairs on the lower surface, thin-membranous; bracts small, 1 to

2 cm. long at anthesis, up to 2.5 cm. long at postanthesis, bipinnati-

sect, all the divisions very slender, none closely interwoven; flowers

up to 4 cm. wide; fruit about 2 em. in diameter, scarlet.

TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba.

DISTRIBUTION: Central and eastern Cuba.

CUBA: Wright 2601 (B, type, Bo, Gen, HA, K, N, P, 8); De la

Sagra (N, P).—Santa Clara: Leén 370 (Y). San Marcos, Leén 9194

(HS). Manajanabo, Leén 5294 (HS). La Magdalena, Baker 4942

(HV). Santo Domingo, Ekman 13873 (S, Y). Cienfuegos, Jack

5835 (N, Y), 7144 (Y).—Camagiiey: Cayo Coco, Shafer 2714 (N,

512 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

P, Y). Cayo Sabinal, Shafer 850 (Y), 1101 (F, N, Y). Caobilla,

Acuna 8882 (HV).—Oriente: Ekman 7440 (S); Shafer 3081 (Y),

3618 (Y). Sierra de Nipe, Ekman 2230 (S), 6139 (S), 9929 (S),

9969 (S). Cupey, Ekman 6319 (S). Gamboa, Ekman 14961 (B,

Gen, S).

This and the following variety differ from others of this relation-

ship by much smaller, more delicate bracts.

301ll. Passiflora foetida var. polyadena (Griseb.) Killip, comb.

nov.

Passiflora ciliata var. polyadena Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 285. 1866.

Not P. polyaden Vell.

Passiflora pseudociliata Britton, Bull. honey Club 44: 19. 1917.

Plant glabrous; leaves 3-lobed (midnerve: lateral nerves, 3:2;

lobes oblong-lanceolate, obtuse or subacute), subentire cr remotely

ciliate-denticulate, cordate, membranous; bracts bipinnatisect, 1 to 2

em. long, barely half as long as the fruit; flowers 3 to 4 cm. wide,

white, pink-tinged, the corona filaments white and purple; fruit

about 2 cm. in diameter, scarlet.

TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba.

DISTRIBUTION: Throughout Cuba.

CuBA: Wright in 1865 (B, type, HA, N, Y); Sauwvalle 893 (HA);

De la Sagra 197 (K); Pilsbry (Ph).—Pinar del Rio: Shafer 11858

(Y).—Habana: Leén 4125 (HS, N, Y); Ekman 14074 (B, S), 16445 (B,

S). : ; Killup 13913 (N).—Santa Clara:

Leén 5861 (Y), 53869 (Y); Leén & Roca 7941 (Y), 8172 (Y); Shafer

12170 (Y); Britton & Wilson 5698 (Y); Britton, Britton & Wilson 5511

(Y), 6086 (Y); Britton, Earle & Wilson 5886 (B, Y); Luna 370 (HS);

Otto 142 (B); Combs 44 (F, K, Y); L. B. Smith et al. 3146 (N).—

Camagiiey: Britton & Wilson 427 (HV, .Y); Britton, Britton &

Shafer 675 (Y); Britton, Britton & Cowell 13155 (N, P, Y, type of P.

pseudociliata); Britton 2370 (Y); Shafer 684 (Y), 2690 (F, Y), 3340

(Y); Leén & Roca 8843 (HS, N).—Oriente: Ekman 9774 (S).

Subgenus XX. DYSOSMIOIDES

302. Passiflora villosa Vell. Fl. Flumin. 9: pl. 87. 1827 (plate only);

M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 180. 1846.

Plant densely villous-hirsute with yellowish hairs; stem terete,

sulcate, purplish; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 1.5 to 2 em. long, 0.8 to

1.2 em. wide at base, lacerate-dentate, the teeth aristate, usually

gland-tipped, the glands narrowly clavate; petioles up to 1.5 cm.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 513

long; leaves broadly ovate-lanceolate, 6 to 9 em. long, 5 to 8 cm.

wide, 3-lobed (middle lobe lance-ovate, up to 4 em. wide at base,

produced, the lateral lobes rarely more than 1 em. long, all lobes

aristulate), shallowly cordate at base, glandular-ciliate, membranous,

densely appressed-villous on both surfaces; peduncles solitary, 1 cm.

long or less, villous; bracts ovate-lanceolate, 3 to 4 cm. long, 1 to

2.5 em. wide, deeply lacerate-dentate, the teeth aristate, gland-

tipped, the glands narrowly clavate; calyx tube obconic; sepals

oblong, about 1.5 cm. long and 8 mm. wide, white, villous without,

aristate dorsally just below apex; petals oblong, slightly shorter than

the sepals, membranous, white; corona filaments in 3 series, those of

the 2 outer series liguliform, about 1 cm. long, 1-nerved, white,

banded with red-purple, the inner ones filiform, about 2 mm. long;

operculum membranous, erect, short-fimbriate at margin; limen

cupuliform; ovary subglobose, glabrous; fruit globose, glabrous,

yellowish, the pericarp coriaceous; seeds oblong, retuse, apiculate,

reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Vell. Fl. Flumin. 9: pl. 87; Mart. Fl. Bras. 18,

pt. 1: pl. 110, f. 2; Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. ed. 2, 21: 478. f. 19.

DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Brazil, from Minas Geraes to Santa

Catharina.

BRAZIL: Sello 1115 (B), 5079 (B), 5769 (B).—Minas Geraes:

Ule 2570 (N). Ouro Preto, Schwacke 9385 (B). Serra de Piedade,

Warming 1168 (Cop). Lagéa Santa, Warming 1174 (Cop).—Rio de

Janeiro: Widgren 575 (S). Barreto, Glaziou 18255 (Cop, K, P).—

Sao Paulo: Itapetiningo, Léfgren 348 (Cop). Sao Paulo, Burchell

3989 (K), 4143 (Y), 4816 (G, K). Santa Anna, Brade 5524 (S).

Butantan, Hoehne 78 (B).—Parana: Jaguariahyva, Dusén 15111

(Gen, Ph, S), in 1915 (BM, K, N, 8S). Tibagy, Dusén 7583 (S).

Capao Grande, Dusén in 1904 (S). Villa Velha, Jénssen 1267a (B,

Gen, S). Itataré, Dusén 113825 (S). Serrinha, Dusén 2679 (S), in

1911 (S).

Of the five species here placed in the subgenus Dysosmioides two,

P. villosa and P. Vellozii, were classed by Masters with P. foetida

in Dysosmia, and two, P. hypoglauca and P. campanulata, were

described as Granadilla. Clearly these four, together with one here

proposed as new, are closely related, and appear to constitute a small

group intermediate between Dysosmia and Granadilla. The stipules

and bracts, though cleft more deeply than in species of Granadilla,

514 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

are by no means the filiform-segmented organs of Dysosmia. The

corona is definitely 3-ranked, and the operculum is filamentose, at

least part way. In Dysosmia the corona is about 5-ranked, and the ©

operculum is merely denticulate.

Passiflora villosa is a striking plant, with an indument denser

than in any of the forms of P. foetida. Masters describes the ovary

as being strongly villous, but in all the specimens I have seen it is

glabrous. With one exception, the specimens cited above show little

variation; in Ule 2570 the indument is much scantier, the leaves

smaller, and both the bracts and the leaves less noticeably toothed.

303. Passiflora Vellozii Gardn. Lond. Journ. Bot. 4: 108. 1845,

excluding synonym.

Cieca Vellozit M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 142. 1846.

Stem subterete, sulcate, green or occasionally dark purple, densely

pilose with long, yellowish hairs; stipules semi-ovate, 3 to 6 mm. long,

1.5 to 3 mm. wide, lacerate-dentate, the teeth aristate; petioles 0.5 to

2.5 em. long, pilose, often some of the hairs thicker than the others

and gland-tipped; leaves 3 to 9 cm. long and wide, 3-lobed (lobes

broadly ovate-lanceolate, acute or obtusish, apiculate, the middle

lobe 2 or 3 times larger than the lateral lobes), shallowly cordate at

base, 3—5-nerved, ciliate at margin with soft, yellowish hairs, minutely

denticulate toward base (teeth often gland-tipped), membranous,

appressed-pilose on both faces; peduncles 0.5 to 2 em. long, slender;

bracts lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 0.7 to 1.5 em. long, 0.3 to 1 em.

wide, lacerate-dentate or pinnatifid, membranous, pilose, ciliate;

flowers up to 5 em. wide; sepals oblong, about 2 cm. long and 6 mm.

wide, obtuse, pilose without, dorsally awned just below apex, the

awn ciliate; petals linear, about 1.5 cm. long, 0.8 cm. wide, obtuse,

thin-membranous; corona filaments in 3 series, those of the 2 outer

series narrowly liguliform, about 2 cm. long, with the inner clavate-

filiform, 4 mm. long; operculum 5 mm. high, erect, upper half

filamentose; limen membranous, surrounding base of gynophore,

3 mm. high, minutely denticulate; ovary ovoid, hirsute; fruit ovoid,

about 4 cm. long, 2.5 em. wide, sparingly hirsute; seeds cuneate,

about 4 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Organ Mountains, Brazil.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the states of Minas Geraes

and Rio de Janeiro, eastern Brazil.

BRAZIL: Minas Geraes: St. Hilaire 2239 (P). Itabira, Weddell

1333 (P).—Rio de Janeiro: Organ Mountains, 900 meters, Gardner

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 515

427 (BM, type, K); Bailey & Bailey 1257 (N); Miers 4457 (K).

Cantagallo, Peckolt 209 (V).

Gardner described P. Vellozii as being without petals. Although

I have made no dissection of the flowers of the type specimen, Bailey

1257, which corresponds excellently with it in other details, has

petals present. The petals are of a very thin texture, and in bud

stage, when closely appressed to the sepals, they may well have been

overlooked. Passiflora Vellozii clearly is related to P. villosa, differing

in the shape of the leaves and bracts, and in having a less dense

indument. The description of the fruit is drawn from a specimen in

the Stockholm herbarium, without data, which undoubtedly belongs

to this species.

Gardner cites Velloso’s plate 86 as this, but it surely is not the

same as Gardner 427, the original of the description of P. Vellozii

Gardn. As already noted, Velloso’s plate 86 represents P. foetida

var. fluminensis.

304. Passiflora setulosa Killip, sp. nov.

Caulis hirtellus; stipulae semi-oblongae, lacerato-dentatae; petioli

2-4-glandulosi; folia profunde trilobata, lobis angustis, serrulata,

cordulata, setulosa; bracteae lanceolatae, lacerato-dentatae, ad

marginem dense setulosae; coronae filamenta triseriata; operculum

breviter filamentosum; ovarium glabrum.

Stem slender, wiry, hirtellous; stipules semi-oblong, 5 to 7 mm.

long, 1.5 to 3 mm. wide, lacerate-dentate, glabrous; petioles about

1 em. long, setulose, bearing 2 to 4 stipitate glands above middle;

leaves 3-lobed five-sixths their length (lobes narrowly lanceolate or

narrowly oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 1 to 1.5 em. wide, the middle

lobe 4 to 6 em. long, the lateral lobes 3.5 to 4 em. long), cordulate,

irregularly serrulate, 5-nerved (nerves yellowish), light green above,

slightly paler beneath, sparingly setulose above with white hairs,

setulose on the nerves beneath; peduncles about 1 cm. long (un-

developed); bracts lanceolate, 1 to 1.5 em. long, 0.5 to 1 em. wide,

acuminate, lacerate-dentate, densely setulose at margin, otherwise

essentially glabrous; calyx tube campanulate; sepals oblong-lanceo-

late, obtuse, dorsally minutely awned; petals linear-lanceolate;

corona filaments in 3 series, those of the 2 outer series about as long

as the petals, with the inner ones much shorter; operculum short-

filamentose; ovary glabrous.

Type in the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm, collected at

Jaguariahyva, Parana, Brazil, April, 1915, by P. Dusén (No. 16964).

516 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Other collections by Dusén at the same locality are Nos. 14119 (S),

17464 (S). :

This differs from P. Vellozii in having much more deeply lobed

leaves, the lobes being narrowly lanceolate or narrowly oblong-—

lanceolate, whereas in its relative they are broadly ovate-lanceolate.

The margin of the leaves is irregularly serrulate, in P. Vellozii ;

essentially entire. The ovary is glabrous, not densely hirsute as in

P. Vellozii.

305. Passiflora hypoglauca Harms, Repert. Sp. Nov. 18: 296.”

1922.

Stem slender, terete, brownish-villosulous-tomentose; stipules —

semi-ovate, 1 cm. long, 0.5 cm. wide, aristate, dentate or denticulate, ©

villosulous at margin and on nerves beneath; petioles 1 to 2 cm. —

long, minutely 2-4-glandular, the glands stipitate, embedded in ~

the tomentum; leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 8 to 11 cm.

long, 2.5 to 4 cm. wide, acute or obtusish, mucronulate at apex, ©

rounded at base, subtrinerved (midnerve prominent, the lateral

basal nerves and the 5 or 6 pairs of secondary nerves less so), ap-

pressed-pilose with rather short hairs above, densely villosulous

beneath, especially on nerves, green above, glaucous beneath;

peduncles 2 to 3 cm. long, slender; bracts lanceolate, 1.5 to 2 cm.

long, 6 to 8 mm. wide, gradually narrowing to the acute apex, pinna-

tifid-laciniate, villosulous, the nerves and veins.dark beneath; calyx

tube broadly campanulate; sepals lanceolate, about 2 cm. long,

aristate, pilosulous without; petals slightly shorter than the sepals,

hyaline; corona filamentose, 3-ranked, the outermost row of fila-

ments about 6 mm. long, the middle row 3 mm., the innermost 1 mm.;

operculum membranous in lower half, filamentose above, the fila-

ments about 1.5 mm. long, erect; limen membranous, cupuliform;

ovary brown-hirsute-villous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Serra de Ouro Preto, Brazil.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the State of Minas Geraes,

eastern Brazil.

BRAZIL: Minas Geraes: Serra de Ouro Preto, Ule 2569 (B, type).

- Serra da Piedade, Warming 1169 (Cop, N).

Allied to P. campanulata, this plant differs in having the leaves

entire and the stipules more deeply toothed. Also, the pubescence

is much denser.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 517

306. Passiflora campanulata Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt. 1:

615. 1872.

Passiflora Bolstadit Dusén, Archiv. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro 13:

50. 1905; Arkiv Bot. 8, No. 7: 5. 1909.

Stem slender, terete, hirsutulous; stipules semi-ovate, about 15

mm. long, 5 mm. wide, cuspidate-acuminate, denticulate especially

toward base, subrevolute, reticulate-veined (veins impressed on

upper surface), sparingly hirsutulous or glabrescent above, sparingly

hirsutulous on veins beneath; petioles up to 3 cm. long, bearing 2 to

4 inconspicuous, stipitate glands near middle; leaves 5 to 12 cm.

along midnerve, 4 to 9 cm. along lateral nerves, 6 to 12 cm. wide

between apices of lateral lobes, 3-lobed to or beyond middle (lobes

lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, minutely mucro-

nulate), rounded or subcordate at base, entire, or slightly serrulate

at base, 5-nerved, reticulate-veined (nerves and veins impressed on

upper surface, blackish on under surface), subcoriaceous, dark green

above, grayish glaucous beneath, hirtellous on nerves and veins and

at margin, or glabrous above; peduncles solitary, up to 3 cm. Jong,

slender; bracts lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, 1.5 to 2 cm. long,

about 1 cm. wide, acuminate, dentate or serrate in lower half, mem-

branous, hirtellous at margin.and on nerves and veins beneath;

flowers 5 to 6 cm. wide; sepals oblong-lanceolate, about 2.5 cm. long

and 8 mm. wide, obtuse, 5-nerved, the nerves blackish and hirsu-

tulous on outside, the middle nerve terminating in an awn about

3 mm. long; petals oblong-lanceolate, subequal to the sepals, obtuse;

corona in 3 series, the 2 outer rows of filaments 1.5 to 2.5 em. long,

those of the third series about 4 mm. long, capitellate; operculum

membranous, filamentose, the filaments about 4 mm. long; limen

cupuliform, closely surrounding base of gynophore; ovary subglobose,

brownish-hirsute-villous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Organ Mountains, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

ILLUSTRATION: Arkiv Bot. 8, No. 7: 7.

DISTRIBUTION: Southeastern Brazil.

BRAZIL: Minas Geraes: Serra de Itatiaia, 2,100 meters, Dusén in

1902 (S, type collection of P. Bolstadii?).—Rio de Janeiro: Organ

Mountains, Lobb (K, type).—Sao Paulo: Pwiggart (P).—Parana:

Monte Alegre, Dusén 14078 (S). Ypiranga, Dusén 4237a (S).—

Santa Catharina: Ule 207 (B).

The very dark nerves and veins are conspicuous on the under

side of the leaves and bracts of this species. Though originally placed

518 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

by Masters in Granadilla, its true relationship seems to be with

P. villosa and P. Vellozit.

Passiflora Bolstadi is scarcely distinct from P. campanulata.

Dusén points out that in P. Bolstadi the leaves are glabrous except

for hairs at the margin and on the nerves, their lobes are entire,

the stipules are shorter, and the bracts are persistent, whereas in

P. campanulata, with which he compares it, the leaves are villous, the

lobes serrulate, and the bracts deciduous.

Subgenus XXI. POLYANTHEA

307. Passiflora cirrhiflora Juss. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6: 115. pl.

41, f. 2. 1805.

Passiflora septenata DC. Prodr. 3: 323. 1828.

Decaloba cirrhiflora M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 164. 1846.

Passiflora Jenmani Mast. in Hook. Icon. Pl. 28: pl. 2270. 18938.

Stem terete, glabrous or puberulent; stipules setaceous; petioles up

to 10 em. long, biglandular about 1 cm. above base, the glands

sessile, often scarcely more than a scar; leaves pedately 5—7-foliolate,

the leaflets oblong, 5 to 8 cm. long, 3 to 4 cm. wide, acute or acumi-

nate, and long-aristate at apex, narrowed at base to the petiolule,

aristate-bidentate near base, membranous, glabrous throughout or

finely puberulent beneath; peduncles solitary, stout, 1 to 4 cm. long,

2-flowered at apex, terminating in a stout tendril, the pedicels 2 to 5

em. long; bractlets borne at base of flower, linear-subulate, about 1

cm. long, biglandular at base; flowers reddish purple, 6 to 8 cm. wide;

calyx tube broadly campanulate, 5 to 10 mm. long; sepals oblong,

about 3 em. long, 7 to 8 mm. wide, obtuse, fleshy, puberulent without;

petals linear-oblong, about 2.5 cm. long, 6 to 7 mm. wide, thin, many-

veined; corona filaments in 8 series, the outermost liguliform, about

3 cm. long, crispate in upper half, verrucose or fimbrillate along the

margin, white at base, yellow at middle, tipped with dark red, those

of the 2 inner series narrowly linear, 1 cm. long, capitate; operculum

membranous, closely plicate, fimbrillate; limen tubular, 6 to 8 mm.

high, closely surrounding base of gynophore, 5-lobed; ovary ovoid,

trigonous, truncate, densely tomentellous; styles thick, 2 mm. long,

projecting at the top of the angles of the ovary; stigmas orbicular,

5 mm. in diameter; fruit globose, the pericarp coriaceous; seeds

broadly obovate, about 7 mm. long and 4.5 mm. wide, transversely

5-6-sulcate.

TYPE LOCALITY: French Guiana.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 519

ILLUSTRATIONS: Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6: pl. 41, f. 2; Hook. Icon.

Pl. 23: pl. 2270.

DISTRIBUTION: Guianas.

FRENCH GUIANA: Collector(?) (Gen, P, type of P. septenata);

Richard (Gen, P, type).

SURINAM: Upper Saramacca River, near Janbasigado, Pulle

200 (Ut).

BRITISH GUIANA: Mazaruni River, Jenman 5797 (BG, type

collection of P. Jenmant), 6512 (Y); Waby in 1905 (B). Potaro,

Jenman 7511 (BG). Yarikita, Hitchcock 17602 (G, N, Y). Waini

River, De la Cruz 3621 (Y).

The systematic position of this unique species is uncertain.

Because of the plicate operculum it has usually been placed in Plec-

tostemma. The truncate ovary, with the styles projecting from the

angles at its top, and the verrucose outer corona filaments indicate

a closer relationship with Astrophea. The stigmas are much larger

than in any other species of Passiflora. ,

This should be considered the type species of De Candolle’s

section Polyanthea; it is the first one cited and, moreover, the descrip-

tion of the section applies best to it. Two other American species,

P. holosericea and P. sexflora, placed in the section by De Candolle,

and P. multiflora, added to it by Masters, have little in common with

P. cirrhiflora, and should be eliminated from Polyanthea.

Subgenus XXII. ASTROPHEA

Section 1. Dolichostemma

308. Passiflora Haughtii Killip, sp. nov.

Frutex scandens, ecirrhatus, caule rufo-hirsutulo; folia oblanceo-

lata, acuminata, ad basin angustata, penninervia, integerrima, mem-

branacea, supra glabra, subtus dense hirsutula; pedunculi semel

dichotomi, bracteis subulatis; calycis tubus campanulatus, sepalis

petalisque lineari-oblongis; corona 5-seriata, filamentis extimis

dolabriformibus, alteris brevioribus, ligulatis vel filiformibus; oper-

culum longe tubulosum, exsertum, erosum; ovarium ovoideum,

truncatum, dense hirsuto-tomentosum.

A large liana but apparently without tendrils, the stem densely

rufo-hirsutulous; stipules linear-lanceolate, about 2.5 mm. long, soon

deciduous; petioles 1 to 1.5 em. long, stout, eglandular; leaves oblan-

ceolate, 16 to 30 cm. long, 6 to 12 cm. wide, sharply acuminate,

520 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

narrowed at the base, entire, penninerved (nerves about 12 to 14 toa

side, the midnerve biglandular with scarlike glands close to its base),

membranous, glabrous above, light yellowish green beneath, hirsu-

tulous beneath, especially on nerves and veins; peduncles 2.5 to 3.5

em. long, once dichotomous, the common peduncle and the branches

subequal, densely hirsutulous; bracts subulate, 1.5 to 2 mm. long,

soon deciduous; calyx tube campanulate, about 1 cm. long and 1 cm.

in diameter at the throat, densely hirsutulous without; sepals linear-

oblong, about 3 cm. long, 9 to 10 mm. wide, hirsutulous without,

greenish without, white within; petals similar to the sepals, about

2.5 cm. long and 7 mm. wide, glabrous, white; corona filaments dark

brown, puberulent, in 5 series, the outermost 1.5 cm. long, laterally

compressed, dolabriform, crenulate along the dilated part, subacute,

the filaments of the second series ligulate, 6 to 7 mm. long, those of

the other 3 series filiform, successively shorter, 4 to 1 mm. long;

operculum tubular, erect, about 1 cm. high, exserted, erose, reddish;

ovary ovoid, sulcate, truncate at apex, densely hirsute-tomentose.

Type in the United States National Herbarium, No. 1,662,988,

collected in the Carare Valley, near Puerto Berrio, Department of

Santander, Colombia, 100 to 700 meters, April 12, 1985, by Oscar

Haught (No. 1635).

Astrophea is a well marked subgenus of Passiflora, and were

certain of the subgenera of Passiflora given full generic rank, Astro-

phea would merit such treatment. Many of the species are true trees

or shrubs, with no vestige of a climbing habit; others are suberect,

with the tendrils reduced to coarse spines; still others apparently are

true tendril-bearing vines.

Six fairly well defined sections may be recognized; for three of

these Harms has proposed the names Euastrophea, Pseudoastrophea,

and Botryastrophea; three new sections are now being added. There

is considerable difficulty in separating the various species within these

sections. Nearly all of them are quite rare, or, at least, infrequently

collected, several being known only from the single type collection.

Field notes are scant, and herbarium material often does not show

well the form of the corona and operculum, in which often lie the

distinguishing characters between the species. Further field study

and the assembling of more material will doubtless modify the treat-

ment here given, in which I have maintained most of the known

species, even though at times the differentiating characters are

rather insignificant.

eee

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 521

Passiflora Haughtii and P. Pittiert differ from other species of

Astrophea in having a long operculum, well exserted beyond the

throat of the calyx tube, and somewhat resembling the inner rank of

the corona of P. glandulosa. It seems best to place these two species

in a new section of Astrophea, which may be called Dolichostemma.

Passiflora Haughtti, according to the collector’s notes, is a large

liana; no tendrils are present on specimens collected. Passiflora

Pittieri is described as a small tree or a shrub; the specimens bear

weak tendrils. Doubtless the habit of the two is similar.

309. Passiflora Pittieri Mast. Bot. Gaz. 23: 246. 1897.

Small tree or shrub, with weak tendrils sometimes present at the

ends of the branches; branches angulate, striate, minutely puberulent

or glabrescent; stipules linear-subulate, 2 to 3 mm. long; petioles

strongly grooved, puberulent, 1 to 1.5 cm. long, bearing at apex 2

inconspicuous, flattened glands; leaves oblong or obovate, 8 to 10 cm.

long, 4 to 6 cm. wide, entire, abruptly acuminate at apex, cuneate

at base, penninerved (lateral nerves 6 or 7 to a side), glabrous, sub-

coriaceous; peduncles solitary, once or twice bifureate, the pedicels

articulate above middle; bracts setaceous, 1.5 to 2 mm. long; flowers

5.5 to 6 cm. wide; calyx tube cylindric-campanulate, 8 to 10 mm.

long, 6 to 7 mm. in diameter at throat; sepals oblong, 3.5 to 4 cm.

long, about 8 mm. wide, obtuse, slightly fleshy; petals linear-oblong,

2.5 em. long, about 7 mm. wide, thinner than the sepals; corona

filaments in 5 series, the outermost subdolabriform, 1.5 cm. long,

dilated near apex to a width of 2 mm. tapering gradually to base,

those of the second.series spatulate, 5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, those

of the succeeding series gradually shorter, filiform; operculum mem-

branous, arising just below the throat of the tube, erect, about 6 mm.

high, partially exserted, minutely denticulate; ovary oblong, densely

ferruginous-tomentose.

TYPE LOCALITY: Santo Domingo, Golfo Dulce, Costa Rica.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality, Pacific

coastal region of Costa Rica.

Costa Rica: Santo Domingo, Golfo Dulce, Pittier 9894 (J. D.

Smith 7031; K, type, N).

This is the only species of Astrophea found outside of South

America. It, with the last preceding species, differs from other

members of Astrophea in having a long-tubular operculum, which is

borne near the throat of the calyx tube and is partially exserted

beyond the throat.

522 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Section 2. Cirrhipes

310. Passiflora cirrhipes Killip, sp. nov.

Scandens, suffrutescens, ubique ovario excepto glaberrima; folia

ovata vel oblongo-ovata, acuminata, membranacea, costa ad basin

biglandulosa; pedunculi tenues, dichotomi, cirrhiferi; bracteae

setaceae, caducae; calycis tubus cylindrico-campanulatus, sepalis

lineari-oblongis, petalis spathulatis; coronae filamenta 3-seriata,

extima subdolabriformia, intima filiformia, inaequalia; operculum

erectum, usque ad medium fimbriatum; ovarium ovoideum, rufo-

tomentosum.

Woody vine, glabrous throughout except the ovary; stipules sub-

ulate, 2 mm. long, coriaceous, soon deciduous; petioles slender, 1 to

1.5 cm. long; leaves ovate or oblong-ovate, 5 to 9 cm. long, 4 to 5.5

_—

em. wide, sharply acuminate, rounded at base, membranous, entire, —

penninerved, the lateral nerves 6 to 8 to a side, midnerve biglandular —

at base, the glands scarlike, oblong, about 1 mm. long, sometimes

extending onto the petiole; peduncles slender, bifurcate (common

portion and the branches subequal, each 1.5 to 2.5 cm. long), termi-

nating in a reduced or a well developed tendril; bracts setaceous,

about 0.5 mm. long, soon deciduous; calyx tube cylindric-campanu-

late, 7 to 9 mm. long, 4 to 5 mm. wide at throat, conspicuously nerved;

sepals linear-oblong, about 1.5 em. long and 4 mm. wide, subobtuse,

yellowish green without, white within; petals spatulate, subequaling

the sepals, obtuse, very thin, white; corona filaments in 8 series, erect,

the outermost subdolabriform, 9 to 10 mm. long, laterally com-

pressed, short-acuminate above the dilated part, yellow, the filaments

of the 2 inner series filiform, unequal, 1 to 3 mm. long; operculum

membranous, erect, 2.5 to 3 mm. high, fimbriate about halfway;

ovary ovoid, truncate at apex, rufo-tomentose; styles slender, about —

6 mm. long.

Type in the United States National Herbarium, No. 1,458,328,

collected at Zepelacio, near Moyobamba, Department of San Martin,

Peru, altitude 1,100 to 1,600 meters, October, 1934, by Guillermo

Klug (No. 3883). Duplicates widely distributed.

This species appears to represent a monotypic section in the sub-

genus Astrophea. The dichotomous peduncles are characteristic of

the section Euastrophea, but the species of that group are trees or

shrubs, wholly devoid of tendrils, or, in the case of one or two species,

cirrhiferous only in the axils of the uppermost leaves. Passiflora

cirrhipes is a woody vine and the tendrils terminate the peduncles, in

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 523

which respect it resembles the subgenera Tryphostemmatoides,

Deidamioides, and Polyanthea.

Section 3. Euastrophea

311. Passiflora macrophylla Spruce ex Mast. Journ. Linn. Soc.

20: 31. 1883.

Tree, 3 to 4 meters high, without tendrils; petioles up to 3.5 em.

long; leaves ovate-lanceolate or oblong-ovate, 30 to 75 cm. long, 10

to 25 em. wide, or larger, acuminate, rounded at base, glabrous, the

midrib biglandular at base; peduncles once or twice dichotomous, 8

to 10 cm. long including the branches; flowers white without, yellow

within(?); calyx tube cylindric, 1.2 to 1.8 cm. long, 4 to 5 mm. in

diameter; sepals oblong, 2 to 2.5 cm. long, 3 to 5 mm. wide, obtuse;

petals oblong, subequal to the sepals; corona filaments in 2 series,

the outer slender, liguliform, not dilated, slightly shorter than the

petals, the inner falciform, flat, 1 to 3 mm. long; operculum arising

near base of tube, membranous, erect, short-filamentose; gynophore

slender, 3 cm. long; ovary ovoid, finely tomentulous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Near Mt. Chimborazo, Ecuador.

DISTRIBUTION: Western Ecuador; also in western Colombia.

COLOMBIA: Antioquia: Kalbreyer in 1879 (K). Between Medellin

and Nare, Kalbreyer 1453a (B).

Ecuapor: Manabi: Peripa, Rio Daule, 200 meters, André 4227

(K, ?Y, excluding flowers).—Chimborazo: Base of Mt. Chimborazo,

900 meters, Spruce 6144 (K). RioSan Antonio, near Mt. Chimborazo,

Spruce 6203 (BM, type, V).

“PERU,” but probably Ecuador: Ruiz & Pavén (Bo, K, Ma).

Passiflora macrophylla apparently is separated from the other

species of this immediate relationship by the slender, liguliform

threads of the outer corona. The leaves attain a greater size than in

any other species of the group, except P. gigantifolia, and the calyx

tube is more elongate than in most other species of Hwastrophea.

At the original place of publication of this species Masters cites

three specimens, Spruce 6144 (“In Peruvia?’”’), Spruce 6203, and

André 4227, and makes the following comment: ‘In the Flora

Brasiliensis I have treated this as a form of P. arborea. M. André’s

specimens, however, having afforded ample means of examining the

flowers, I am disposed to consider the present, as Spruce did, a dis-

tinct species, and to adopt the characteristic name indicated by that

traveller.’”’ The locality given for Spruce 6144 in Flora Brasiliensis

524 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

is Mt. Chimborazo, so that the above reference to ‘‘Peru’’ is merely

an instance of imperfect geographic knowledge. Spruce 6203 is in

better condition, and I have selected it as the type; it also bears

Spruce’s proposed name macrophylla. André 4227 now in the Kew

Herbarium is apparently true P. macrophylla, but the specimen in

the New York Botanical Garden consists of a single large leaf and,

detached from this, a portion of a stem with an elongate peduncle

bearing five large flowers. The flowers clearly belong to P. giganti-

folia; the leaf may be either P. gigantifolia or P. macrophylla.

In later publications Masters cited as P. macrophylla other collec-

tions from Colombia. I have not had an opportunity of dissecting

the flowers of all, but those that I have dissected indicate that most

of the specimens are better referred to P. arborea.

312. Passiflora gigantifolia Harms, Bot. Jahrb. 18: Beibl. 46: 1.

1894.

Passiflora lorifera Mast. Journ. Linn. Soc. 20: 42. pl. 20, f. 5

(flowers). 1883, in part.

Sparingly branched shrub, 1.5 to 4 meters high, the branchlets

subterete, glabrous, without tendrils; petioles 3 to 4 cm. long; leaves

oblong-obovate or oblong, 50 to 90 cm. long, 22 to 35 cm. wide,

acuminate, rounded or cordulate at base, penninerved (midnerve

biglandular toward base), membranous, glabrous, sea-green above,

glaucous beneath; peduncles once or twice dichotomous, the common

peduncle up to 15 em. long, the branched part up to 7 cm. long;

calyx tube cylindric, 2 to 3 cm. long, 6 to 8 mm. in diameter; sepals

oblong, 3.2 to 4 em. long, 7 to 9 mm. wide, obtuse, subcoriaceous,

green without, white within; petals subequaling the sepals, mem-

branous, white; corona filaments orange, in about 4 series, the outer-

most 2 to 3 em. long, about 1 mm. wide, enlarged at the apex to an

ovate tip about 3 mm. wide, geniculate below the middle and above

the middle, the succeeding series successively shorter, 8 to 1 mm. long,

falciform; operculum borne just below middle of tube, erect, laciniate

to below the middle; limen cupuliform; ovary white-tomentose.

TYPE LOCALITY: Near Pisagua and Balsabamba, Province of

Babahoyo, Ecuador.

ILLUSTRATION: Journ. Linn. Soc. 20: pl. 20, f. 5, as to flowers.:

DISTRIBUTION: Western Ecuador, up to 600 meters altitude.

EcuaAbDorR: Rimbach 14 (B).—Manabi: Peripa, Rio Daule, André

4227 (Y, as to flowers).—Los Rios: Near Pisagua and Balsabamba,

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 525

200 to 600 meters, Lehmann 4837 (B, type, K). Between Quevado

and Mocache, Cantén Vinces, 60 meters, Mexia 6630 (N).

Mrs. Mexia’s beautifully prepared material consists of numerous

flowers, longitudinally split when fresh so that the corona filaments

and the operculum are easily studied in a dried state. In every

detail these specimens agree with Harms’ careful diagnosis. The

flowers correspond also with those figured by Masters as P. lorifera.

That species was based on André 4447bis, from Peripa, Ecuador,

and the specimen from which the description was drawn was appar-

ently a mixture of the foliage of P. reflexriflora and the flowers of

P. gigantifolia. The elements on this sheet now at Kew are wholly

of P. reflexiflora, and André’s field notes apply to that species. At

the same locality André collected, as No. 4227, material of a “‘tree

passionflower.’’ The sheet of this at Kew is P. macrophylla, as to

both flowers and foliage, but the one at the New York Botanical

Garden consists of several flowers of P. gigantifolia and a large leaf

that may be either of these two species.

An explanation for this involved situation may be this: Masters

studied unmounted material of André’s. With No. 4447bis, which

mostly represented P. reflexiflora, there was a flower of P. giganti-

folia. Later someone, André perhaps, realized that the flower did

not belong with the foliage, and transferred it to No. 4227, which was

distributed to the New York Botanical Garden. Other material of

No. 4227, the P. macrophylla element, was mounted for the Kew

Herbarium.

313. Passiflora arborea Spreng. Syst. Veg. 3: 42. 1826.

Passiflora glauca Humb. & Bonpl. Pl. Aequinoct. 1: 76. pl. 22.

1813. Not P. glauca Ait. (1789).

Astrophea glauca M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 151. 1846.

Tree 6 to 10 meters high, the cortex smooth, green, the branches

alternate, terete, glabrous, the younger reddish brown; petioles 2 to 3

cm. long; leaves oblong or obovate-oblong, 10 to 30 cm. long, 5 to

15 em. wide, acute or abruptly acuminate at apex, rounded or sub-

cuneate at base, penninerved (nerves prominent beneath, the mid-

nerve biglandular on under surface near base, the glands spreading

over the surface of blade; lateral nerves 10 to 15 to a side, at first

straight, arcuate toward extremity or arcuate from origin), mem-

branous or subcoriaceous, glabrous, rarely hirsutulous on the nerves

and veins beneath, bright green above, often glaucous beneath; pe-

duncles up to 6 cm. long, simple or 1-2-furcate, bracteolate; calyx

526 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

tube cylindric-campanulate, 7 to 10 mm. long, 4 to 5 mm. wide;

sepals linear-oblong, 2 to 3 cm. long, up to 1.2 cm. wide, obtuse;

petals similar and subequal to the sepals; corona filaments yellow,

in 3 series, the outermost 1 to 1.5 cm. long, laterally compressed,

radiate, subfalcate, dilated at or just above middle, the apex slender,

filiform, the inner filaments in 2 series, subequal, narrowly linear, 1

to 1.5 mm. long; operculum borne about 5 mm. below corona, erect,

1.5 mm. high, fimbriate nearly to base; ovary narrowly ovoid, ser-

iceo-tomentose; fruit ovoid, 3.5 to 4 cm. long, 2 to 2.5 em. wide, yel-

lowish seeds ovate, about 6 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, punctate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Near La Valza, Quindio Mountains, Colombia.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Humb. & Bonpl. Pl. Aequinoct. 1: pl. 22; Bot.

Mag. 96: pl. 5864; Mutis, Icon, Pl. Ined. 26: pl. 1.

DISTRIBUTION: Known apparently from widely separated local-

ities in Colombia, between altitudes of 1,000 and 1,700 meters, but

nowhere common.

COLOMBIA: Mutis 791 (Ma, N), 793 (Ma, N), 9389 (Ma, N).—

Magdalena: Santa Marta Mountains, H. H. Smith 1882 (A, B, BM,

Brux, CM, G, Gen, K, Ma, N, P, Ph, 8, Ut, Y); Schultze 762 (B).—

Boyaca: Mt. Chapén, Lawrance 30 (Gen, N, Y).—Cundinamarca:

El Salto, Triana 2957 (BM, K, P).—Tolima: La Valza, Los Voleanci-

tos, Quindio Trail, Humboldt & Bonpland (B, type, BW). Rio Toché,

Quindio Trail, Goudot in 1844 (K, P). La Palmilla, Triana 2938

(BM, HNC, P). Juza, Lehmann 2190 (Bo). Padramo Quindio,

Karsten (B, V).—Huila: Neiva, Rusby & Pennell 942 (N, Y). El

Pital, Lehmann 8665 (K, Y).—Narifio: Altaquer, André 3352 (K).

This was one of the earliest of the arboreal passionflowers to be

described. In the Flora Brasiliensis Masters referred to it specimens

from Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. The Venezuelan

material was later segregated as a separate species P. Lindeniana;

the Ecuadorean specimen and the Peruvian one, which probably

came from Ecuador in reality, represent P. macrophylla.

The specimens which I have cited as P. arborea show considerable

variation in the size and shape of the leaves and in the width of the

sepals and petals, and I am inclined to believe that more than a

single species is represented, especially in view of the widely separated

localities at which this material was collected. However, as the

whole section Ewastrophea is still in a state of much confusion and can

be satisfactorily dealt with only by assembling all available material

at one place for careful comparison, I prefer not to divide P. arborea

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 527

at present. All the flowering specimens cited above have a cylindric-

campanulate calyx tube, enlarged at the throat, not truly cylindric

as in P. macrophylla and P. gigantifolia, or campanulate as in the

other species of Ewastrophea.

314. Passiflora frutescens Ruiz & Pavoén, sp. nov.

Frutex vel arbor, ramulis subteretibus, puberulis; folia maxima,

ovata, oblongo-ovata vel oblongo-obovata, apice obtusa et emargi-

nata, basi cordulata, subcoriacea, supra glabra, subtus glaucescentia

et puberula; pedunculi solitarii, 1-furcati; flores albidi, rubro-maculati;

calycis tubus infundibularis; sepala lineari-oblonga, obtusa; petala

sepalis subaequalia; coronae filamenta extima subdolabriformia.

Shrub or tree, the branchlets subterete, finely puberulous, drying

dark reddish brown; stipules soon deciduous; petioles 2.5 to 3.5 em.

long, stout, puberulous; leaves ovate, oblong-ovate, or oblong-

obovate, 20 to 25 cm. long, 12 to 14 cm. wide, obtuse and emarginate

at apex, cordulate at base, penninerved, the principal lateral nerves

about 2 to a side, the midnerve bearing 2 scarlike glands at base;

peduncles solitary, once-furcate, the united part 4 to 4.5 cm. long,

the branches 3.5 to 4 cm. long; calyx tube funnel-shaped, about 1 cm.

long, enlarged to 9 mm. at throat, glabrous; flowers white, densely

red-spotted; sepals linear-oblong, 3 to 3.5 cm. long, 8 to 10 mm. wide,

obtuse, ecorniculate; petals subequal to the sepals, slightly narrower,

obtuse; outer corona filaments subdolabriform, about 1.5 cm. long,

enlarged just above middle to a width of 3 mm., bearing at the point

of greatest width a knoblike projection.

Type in the Ruiz and Pavon Herbarium at the Jardin Botanico,

Madrid, collected at Chinchao, Department of Hudanuco, Peru, in

1795 by Ruiz and Pavoén (No. 247, Fl. Peruv. Chil. ined.). Also at

BM and Bo.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from type locality, central Peru.

In this wonderfully interesting, original Ruiz and Pavén Her-

barium there are two specimens of large-leaved, arborescent passion-

flowers, which were assigned names by the collectors. Apparently

one represents P. macrophylla, and the other is now being described.

The present species is figured in one of the unpublished volumes of

the Flora of Peru and Chile of these authors.

315. Passiflora pubera Planch. & Linden, Ann. Sci. Nat. V. Bot. 17:

185. 1873.

Passiflora sphaerocarpa var. pilosula Mast. Journ. Linn. Soc. 20:

31. 1883.

528 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Shrub or small tree, 1.5 to 4 meters high, the young branches

terete, or subangular at extremities, softly and finely cano-sericeo-

tomentose; petioles up to 1.5 em. long, rufo-villous-tomentose;

leaves broadly oblong-ovate or slightly ovate, 7 to 11 cm. long, 5 to

7 cm. wide (extremes up to 30 cm. by 20 cm.), obtuse and occasion-

ally subemarginate at apex, rounded or subtruncate at base, penni-

nerved (lateral nerves 8 or 9 to a side, faint, the midrib biglandular

at base), subcoriaceous, bright green and glabrous above, paler and

densely appressed-pilosulous beneath; peduncles simple or bifurcate,

up to 2 cm. long, densely cano-tomentose; flowers white; calyx tube

subglobose, about 5 mm. long, 4 mm. in diameter, rufo-villous-

tomentose without; sepals linear-spatulate,.about 2 cm. long, 5 to

6 mm. wide, obtuse, pubescent without; petals slightly shorter than

the sepals; outer corona filaments about 1.5 cm. long, dilated above

middle, subdolabriform, the inner in 2 compact series, linear-clavate,

1.5 mm. long, subfaleate, densely ciliate at apex with soft, white

hairs; operculum erect, 2 mm. high, attached about 3 mm. below

corona, the margin lacerate-fimbriate; ovary subglobose, truncate

at apex, densely pilosulous; fruit globose, 1 to 1.5 em. in diameter,

finely pilosulous or glabrescent; seeds broadly obovate, about 5 mm.

long and 4 mm. wide, reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Matanza, Province of Pamplona, Colombia,

1,300 meters.

DISTRIBUTION: Eastern and Central Cordilleras of Colombia,

1,000 to 1,700 meters altitude.

COLOMBIA: Mutis 2891 (Ma, N), 5181 (Ma, N); Lehmann XVI,

in part (Bo). Magdalena Valley, Triana (HNC).—Norte de San-

tander: Matapira, Province of Ocafia, Schlim 1142 (Bo, Brux, Gen,

K, P).—Santander: Matanza, Schlim 1709 (BM, type). Rio Surata

Valley, between Bucaramanga and Matanza, Killip & Smith 19050

(A, BM, G, N, V, Y), 19051 (A, G, N, Y), 19061 (A, G, N, Y). Be-

tween El Roble and Tona, Killip & Smith 19400 (A, G, N, Y).—

Cundinamarca: Icononzo, Dawe 39 (K, N).—Tolima: Piedras,

André 1945 (K, type of P. sphaerocarpa var. pilosula, Y). Suaza,

Lehmann 8664 (G, K, Y).—Huila: Neiva, Karsten (V).—EI Valle:

Schultze in 1924 (B). Roldanillo, Lehmann 3412 (B, Bo, K, N). La

Paila, Holton, 704 (Bo, G, Gen, K, Y).

The differences between this species and P. sphaerocarpa are

slight and perhaps Masters’ treatment of it as a pubescent variety

of P. sphaerocarpa is preferable. The original description mentions

as a distinguishing mark, in addition to the indument, the sub-

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 529

globose, not campanulate, calyx tube. However, well developed

flowers of P. pubera have essentially the same shaped calyx tube as

those of P. sphaerocarpa.

Killip & Smith 19050, duplicates of which have been widely

distributed, is a perfect, match for the type of P. pubera, in the

British Museum.

LOCAL NAME: “Gulupo.”’

316. Passifiora Mutisii Killip, sp. nov.

Frutex subscandens(?), cirrhis paucis et tenerrimis vel nullis;

folia oblonga, subcaudato-acuminata, subcoriacea, laeti-viridia, gla-

bra; pedunculi dichotomi, bracteis subulatis; calycis tubus cam-

panulatus, sepalis petalisque lineari-lanceolatis, acuminatis; coronae

filamenta 1 (vel 2?)-seriata, ligulata; ovarium rufo-tomentosum.

Subscandent shrub(?), without tendrils or with a few weak ones;

branchlets subterete, minutely puberulent, at length glabrescent;

stipules soon deciduous; petioles 1.5 to 2 cm. long, stout, geniculate

at apex, minutely puberulent; leaves oblong, 8 to 18 cm. long, 4 to 7

em. wide, subcaudate-acuminate, rounded at base, entire, penni-

nerved (lateral nerves 10 to 12 to a side, the midnerve biglandular

on under side close to its base, the glands scarlike), subcoriaceous,

bright green when dry, glabrous; peduncles once dichotomous, the

common peduncle 1.5 to 2 cm. long, the branches 1 to 1.5 em. long;

bracts subulate, about 1.5 mm. long, mucronulate; calyx tube cam-

panulate, about 8 mm. long, and 8 mm. in diameter at the throat,

glabrous; sepals linear-lanceolate, about 3 cm. long and 4 mm. wide,

acuminate, green without, greenish white and mottled with red

within; petals subequaling the sepals and slightly narrower, greenish

yellow; corona filaments in 1 (or 2?) series, ligulate, about 2 cm. long,

not dilated; ovary ovoid, truncate at apex, rufo-tomentose.

Type in the herbarium of the Jardin Botanico, Madrid, collected

in Colombia, 1760 to 1808, by José Celestino Mutis (No. 2279).

Duplicate at N.

ILLUSTRATION: Mutis, Icon. Pl. Ined. 26: pl. 15.

The foregoing description is derived partly from the herbarium

specimens at Madrid and Washington and partly from the beautiful

painting made under Mutis’ direction, and preserved with nearly

7,000 other paintings and drawings which Mutis had intended should

illustrate a Flora of Colombia.

The texture and shape of the leaves of this species are quite differ-

ent from those of its near relatives, but above all it differs in the very

5380 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

slender sepals and petals. Unfortunately the structure of the oper-

culum is not evident in the few flowers preserved with the specimens,

or in the painting.

317. Passiflora ovata Martin ex DC. Prodr. 3: 322. 1828.

Astrophea ovata M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 151. 1846.

Tree or shrub(?) with a few weak tendrils, glabrous throughout

except the ovary; stipules linear, about 2 mm. long; petioles up to 3

em. long, purplish, biglandular at the junction with the blade; leaves

oblong, 6.5 to 11 em. long, 3.5 to 5.5 em. wide, rounded or almost

truncate at the apex, rounded or subacute at base, penninerved

(about 6 nerves to a side), subcoriaceous, bright green on both

surfaces, sublustrous above; peduncles about 2 cm. long, bifurcate,

the pedicels 5 to 8 mm. long; bracts linear, about 2 mm. long; calyx

tube very short, campanulate-funnel-shaped, 2 to 3 mm. long, 8 to

10 mm. wide at the throat; sepals lanceolate, about 2 cm. long, 1 cm.

wide at base, obtuse; petals slightly shorter than the sepals; corona

2-ranked, the outer series subdolabriform, about 1 cm. long, enlarged

at the middle, the inner about 2 mm. long; operculum(?); ovary

white-tomentose.

TYPE LOCALITY: French Guiana. Known only from the type

locality.

FRENCH GUIANA: Cayenne: Martin (BM, type).

This species is known only from the single specimen preserved in

the British Museum. In the Flora Brasiliensis Masters referred to it

several collections from western South America, but subsequently

he adopted (Journ. Linn. Soc. 20: 33. 1883) the views of Triana and

Planchon that all of these represented other species, and he presented

a redescription of P. ovata based solely upon the Martin specimen. |

He also pointed out, quite correctly, that Triana and Planchon had

wrongly identified a plant of P. costata as this, and that their detailed

description of the flower structure of P. ovata was for that reason

erroneous.

The type specimen is in good condition, but its flowers have never

been dissected sufficiently to permit a view of the operculum. The

shape and texture of the leaves suggest P. deficiens, of the section

Pseudoastrophea, and perhaps this species should be placed there.

The single peduncle is definitely forked, however, and until addi-

tional material is collected, it seems best to refer the species to

Euastrophea.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 531

318. Passiflora grandis Killip, sp. nov.

Frutex; petioli hirsutuli vel fere tomentulosi; folia late ovata

vel ovato-oblonga, ad apicem rotundata et emarginata, subcoriacea,

supra glabra, subtus in nervis venisque dense hirsutula et ad basin

5-6-glandulosa, glandulis crateriformibus, flavidulis; pedunculi

dichotomi, hirsutuli; calycis tubus campanulatus, sepalis petalisque

oblongis; coronae filamenta 3-seriata, extima falcata, anguste dila-

tata, interioria filiformia; operculum subtiliter erosum; ovarium

tomentosum.

Shrub, 1.5 meters high, the branchlets terete, the cortex dark

brown, minutely tomentulous with black hairs, at length glabrescent;

stipules soon deciduous; petioles stout, 2.5 to 3 em. long, densely and

minutely hirsutulous or nearly tomentulous, glandless; leaves broadly

ovate or ovate-oblong, 20 to 28 cm. long, 12 to 17 cm. wide, rounded

and emarginate at apex, rounded or subtruncate at base, entire,

penninerved (lateral nerves about 14 to a side), subcoriaceous,

glabrous above, pale beneath, densely hirsutulous on the strongly

elevated nerves and veins beneath, the under surface bearing near

its base and close to the costa 5 or 6 crateriform, yellowish glands

about 1 mm. in diameter; peduncles 5 to 7 cm. long, hirsutulous with

blackish hairs, twice dichotomous, the common peduncle and the

branched portion subequal; bracts subulate, soon deciduous; calyx

tube campanulate, about 7 mm. long, 6 mm. wide at throat; sepals

oblong, 1.5 to 2 em. long, about 6 mm. wide, obtuse, white, red-

spotted; petals subequal and similar to the sepals; corona filaments in

3 series, the outer falcate, narrowed, dilated above middle, 7 to 9 mm.

long, laterally compressed, those of the inner 2 filiform, 1 mm. long;

operculum membranous, erect, about 1 mm. high, shallowly erose;

ovary short-ovoid, densely whitish-tomentose.

Type in the herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew,

collected in the Province of Ocafia, Department of Norte de San-

tander, Colombia, altitude 1,135 meters, by L. Schlim (No. 585).

Duplicates at Bo, Brux, Gen, and P.

This collection was cited by Masters in the Flora Brasiliensis as

P. emarginata. Triana and Planchon likewise referred it to that

species and their redescription of P. emarginata was doubtless in part

derived from this collection. Though I am reluctant to create

another close segregate in this highly complex group, the specimens

of Schlim 585 do not well fit into P. emarginata or its segregates,

though in gross characters they bear a general resemblance. Masters

has written on the type sheet ‘See numerous glands at base of leaf,

582 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

only one in arborea and in Lindeniana; see also pilose nerves.’’ These

glands are certainly quite unlike the glands in P. emarginata and the

indument is of a darker color and more pronounced. The inner

filaments of the corona are far more slender than in that species,

though the operculum is substantially the same.

319. Passiflora putumayensis Killip, sp. nov.

Arborescens, ubique ovario excepto glaberrima; folia ovato-

lanceolata, ad apicem obtusam angustata, membranacea, utrinque

viridia et lutescentia; pedunculi dichotomi, bracteis setaceis; calycis

tubus late campanulatus, sepalis petalisque oblongis, albidis; coronae

filamenta biseriata, exteriora inferne anguste linearia, supra medium

dilatata, apice attenuata, interiora pauca, filiformia; ovarium ovoid-

eum tomentosum. :

Shrub or tree, glabrous throughout except the ovary, the branch-

lets subangular; petioles 2 to 3.5 cm. long; leaves ovate-lanceolate,

19 to 25 em. long, 8 to 11 cm. wide, gradually narrowed to an obtuse,

mucronulate apex, rounded at base, entire, penninerved (lateral

nerves 13 to 15 to a side; midnerve biglandular on under side close

to the base, the glands scarlike, about 2 mm. in diameter), mem-

branous, green and sublustrous on both surfaces; peduncles 4 to 5 cm.

long, slender, once dichotomous; bracts setaceous, 1.5 to 2 mm. long,

soon deciduous; calyx tube broadly campanulate, 7 to 8 mm. long

and about as wide at the throat; sepals oblong, about 2 cm. long and

7 mm. wide, obtuse, white; petals similar to the sepals but narrower;

corona filaments in 2 series, the outer about 1.5 cm. long, yellow,

narrowly linear in lower half, dilated above middle, attenuate at

apex, the inner few, filiform, about 3 mm. long; operculum mem-

branous, about 3 mm. high, white, minutely denticulate; ovary

ovoid, truncate at apex, white-tomentose.

Type in the United States National Herbarium, No. 1,594,215,

collected at La Tortuga, Comisario del Putumayo, Colombia, May,

1935, by H. Garcia B. (Herb. Nac. Colomb. No. 4630).

Apparently this is the only specimen of Astrophea collected in the

little explored southeastern part of Colombia, lying in the Amazon

basin. The lustrous leaves are suggestive of P. Schultzei, of the

Bogota plateau, but they are of a thinner texture, with a less elevated

nervation, and they are much narrowed at the apex. The operculum,

moreover, is merely denticulate.

320. Passiflora emarginata Humb. & Bonpl. Pl. Aequinoct. 1: 79.

pl. 23. 1813.

Astrophea emarginata M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 152. 1846.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 533

Small tree 3 to 5 meters high, the cortex rugose, dark gray, the

branches erect, terete, the younger subangular, rufo-hirtellous;

petioles up to 2 cm. long, rufo-hirtellous; leaves obovate or obovate-

oblong, 11 to 20 cm. long, 4 to 8 em. wide, narrowed to a rounded and

often emarginate apex, rounded or subcuneate at base, penninerved

(midnerve biglandular on under side near base, the glands black,

nearly 2 mm. in diameter; lateral nerves 12 to 18 on a side, parallel,

straight or slightly arcuate near ends, prominent, darker than the

blade), coriaceous or subcoriaceous, dark green and glabrous above,

paler and occasionally glaucous beneath, tomentulous or minutely

hirsutulous on the midnerve; the peduncles up to 10 em. long,

1-2-furcate, main portion subequaling or twice as long as branches,

rufo-hirtellous or minutely pilosulous; bracts linear-subulate, about

3 mm. long; calyx tube campanulate, 5 to 7 mm. long, about 6 mm.

wide; sepals oblong, 2 to 3 cm. long, about 6 mm. wide, obtuse, white;

petals linear-spatulate, 2 cm. long, white; corona filaments laterally

compressed, in 3 series, the outermost subdolabriform, 1 to 1.5 em.

long, yellow in the upper half, white in the lower, the filaments of the

2 inner series linear-falcate, dilated, 1.5 to 2 mm. long, white; éper-

culum arising 3 to 4 mm. below the corona, membranous, 1.5 mm.

high, erect, erose-lobulate, white; ovary subglobose, densely tomen-

tose; fruit subglobose, 2.5 em. long, 2 cm. in diameter, ferruginous-

tomentose, reddish; seeds broadly ovate, 5 to 6 mm. long, 4 to 5mm.

wide, reticulate, shallowly 3-toothed at apex, the axis slightly curved.

TYPE LOCALITY: Popayan, Colombia, 1,700 meters altitude.

ILLUSTRATION: Humb. & Bonpl. Pl. Aequinoct. 1: pl. 23.

DISTRIBUTION: Southern portions of Western and Central Cor-

dilleras of Colombia, 1,500 to 2,000 meters altitude.

COLOMBIA: El Valle: Cali, Lehmann 8016 (G, K, N), B.T.799

(Gen, K, Y); Pittier 607 (BM, N).—El Cauca: Popayan, Humboldt

& Bonpland (B, BW, Gen, P, type of P. glawca Humb. & Bonpl.).

Palacé, Lehmann B.T.1180 (G, K, Y). Dinde, west of Popaydn,

A. Garcia (Pennell & Killip 6982; G, N, Ph, Y).

When I was in Popaydn, Dr. Antonio Garcia, an enthusiastic

botanist of that city, who has written several articles on the flora of

the upper Cauca Valley, called my attention to a “tree passion-

flower,”’ growing in the Western Cordillera, which he had described

(Garcia, Cartilla Objectiva 156. Popaydn, 1919) as Pasionaria Va-

lenciana. Specimens of this were procured from the type locality.

Comparison of these with the very complete description and illus-

584 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

tration of P. emarginata show no important differences, though the

leaves of our specimens are rather less pubescent than in the Hum-

boldt and Bonpland type. Unfortunately the flowers had withered

badly, and it was impossible to make satisfactory notes on the

coronal structure.

The specimens from the vicinity of Cali I believe are correctly

referred to this species, though the undivided portion of the peduncle

is proportionately longer than in the specimens from the type region

and the plants are less pubescent.

Lehmann’s notes regarding No. 8016 are: ‘“Trees up to 5 m. in

height with beautiful, close, erect and squarrose crowns of branches.

Leaves light sea-green. Flowers white, very sweet-scented. Fruit

almost spherical, the size of a small lemon.”

321. Passiflora Engleriana Harms in Engler & Prantl, Pflanzen-

fam. 3, pt. 6a: 72, 88. f. 25D. 1893; Bot. Jahrb. 18: Beibl. 46:

2. 1894.

Tree up to 5 meters high, with a close, round crown, the younger

branches minutely pilosulous, purplish, subterete, the tips angulate;

petioles about 2 cm. long, stout, rufo-hirtellous; leaves obovate-

oblong, 12 to 20 cm. long, 4 to 8 cm. wide, rounded and often emargi-

nate at apex, gradually narrowed from above middle to a rounded

base, entire, penninerved (lateral nerves 12 to 18 to a side, straight,

arcuate only at ends; midnerve biglandular at very base, the glands

about 2 mm. long, black), coriaceous, glabrous, dark green above,

glaucescent beneath, the nerves and veins elevated and hirsutulous

beneath; peduncles 2 to 4 cm. long (unbranched portion), once

dichotomous, the branches 3 to 3.5 em. long; bracts linear, about

2 mm. long; calyx tube campanulate-funnel-shaped, 8 mm. long, ©

6 mm. wide at throat, gradually narrowing to base; sepals oblong,

about 2 cm. long, 5 to 6 mm. wide, obtuse, fleshy, reddish(?) without,

white, reddish-streaked within, at length reflexed; petals oblong,

slightly shorter and narrower than the sepals, at length reflexed,

white; corona filaments in 2 series, the outer ones yellowish, broadly

faleate-dilated, 9 to 11 mm. long, about 2 mm. wide at the widest

point, the apex short-acuminate, the inner ones compressed, sub-

dolabriform, 1.5 to 2 mm. long; operculum membranous, érect, about

2 mm. high, minutely pectinate; ovary ovoid, densely ferruginous-

tomentose.

TYPE LOCALITY: Yarumal, Antioquia, Colombia.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 535

ILLUSTRATION: Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. 3, pt. 6a: 72. f. 25D;

a, 2, 2): 477. f.-218D.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality, in the moun-

tains of northwestern Colombia.

COLOMBIA: Antioquia: Yarumal, Lehmann 7631 (B, type, G, K,

N, S).

Specimens of this collection distributed from Kew bear the data

“Between Sibaté and Fusagasuga (Department of Cundinamarca).”’

The copy of Lehmann’s field notes, in the Kew library, however,

gives the Antioquia locality.

This species is very closely related to P. emarginata, the only

points of difference being apparently the more deeply cleft operculum

and the indument on the under side of the veins.

322. Passiflora Schultzei Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 10:

808. 1929.

Shrub about 1.5 meters high, glabrous throughout except the

ovary; petioles 2.5 to 3 cm. long; leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate,

15 to 25 cm. long, 5 to 11 cm. wide (up to 30 cm. long and 15 em.

wide?), acute or subobtuse, rounded at base, penninerved (principal

lateral nerves 12 to 14 to a side; midnerve biglandular at base),

strongly reticulate-veined, coriaceous, lustrous, concolorous; pedun-

cles 7 to 10 em. long including branches, 1 to 3 times forked;

flowers white; calyx tube broadly funnel-shaped, about 8 mm. long

and 8 mm. wide at throat; sepals oblong, 1.6 to 1.8 em. long, 7 to 8

mm. wide, obtuse; petals slightly shorter than the sepals; corona

filaments in 3 series, the outermost 1 to 1.3 em. long, falecate-dilated

above middle, attenuate at apex, the inner filiform, 2 to 3 mm. long;

operculum borne just above middle of tube, membranous, about 2

mm. high, lacerate-fimbriate; ovary ovoid, sericeo-velutinous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Fusagasuga, Colombia, 1,800 meters altitude.

DISTRIBUTION: Known positively only from the type locality in

the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia.

COLOMBIA: Mutis 2273 (Ma, N).—Cundinamarca: Fusagasuga,

Schultze 151 (B, type).

The thick, strongly veined, lustrous leaves and long peduncles are

the character by which this species may be most easily distinguished

from its near relatives. The Mutis specimen lacks flowers and there-

fore is doubtfully placed here. Its largest leaf is 30 cm. long and 15

cm. wide.

586 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HIsToRY—BoTANY, VoL. XIX

323. Passiflora Lindeniana Tr. & Planch. Ann. Sci. Nat. V. Bot.

17: 182. 18738.

Tree, glabrous throughout, except the ovary; petioles up to 3 cm.

long; leaves oblong-obovate, 10 to 15 cm. long, 5 to 10 em. wide (or

up to 25 em. long, 15 cm. wide), subacute or slightly emarginate at

apex, rounded, often slightly oblique at base, prominently penni-

nerved (midnerve biglandular on under surface at base), membra-

nous, glaucescent beneath; peduncles up to 4 cm. long, slender, once

dichotomous, the undivided portion and the branches subequal;

flowers white; calyx tube broadly campanulate, 1 to 1.2 cm. long,

0.8 to 1 em. wide at throat; sepals lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate,

2.5 to 3 em. long, 0.8 to 1 cm. wide, obtuse;.petals 2 to 2.5 em. long;

corona filaments in 3 or 4 series, the outermost linear-spatulate or

slightly dolabriform, about 1.3 cm. long, those of the inner 2 or 3

series broadly linear, 2 mm. long; operculum filamentose nearly to

base; ovary sericeo-tomentose; fruit broadly ovoid, 4 cm. long, 2.5

cm. wide, glabrous, yellow, red-maculate.

TYPE LOCALITY: State of Mérida, Venezuela, 2,237 meters

altitude.

DISTRIBUTION: Mountains of western Venezuela.

VENEZUELA: Aragua: Colonia Tovar, Fendler 2548 (Bo, Brux,

G, Gen, Mo).—Meérida: Linden 1409 (BM, Gen, P, type, V); Funck

& Schlim 1215 (BM, Bo, Gen, K, P).

This, the only Venezuelan species of Euastrophea, is distinguished

from its nearest Colombian relative, P. ocanensis, by a more deeply

cut operculum, smaller flowers, and slenderer peduncles.

324. Passiflora sphaerocarpa Tr. & Planch. Ann. Sci. Nat. V. Bot.

17: 184. 1878.

Tree, 2 to 4 meters high, glabrous throughout except the ovary;

petioles 1 to 2 em. long; leaves obovate or elliptic-oblong, 7 to 15 cm.

long, 4 to 7 em. wide, rounded and emarginate at apex, obtuse at

base, penninerved (nerves usually yellowish beneath, the midnerve

biglandular at base, the principal lateral nerves 8 to 11 to a side),

membranous, yellowish green above, usually glaucous beneath;

peduncles simple or bifurcate, 1 to 2.5 cm. long including branches;

bracts narrowly linear, 1.5 to 2 mm. long; flowers white; calyx tube

broadly campanulate, 5 to 7 mm. long; sepals narrowly oblong, 2 to

2.5 cm. long, 5 to 6 mm. wide, obtuse; petals obovate-oblong, slightly

shorter than the sepals; corona filaments in 3 or 4 series, the outer-

most laterally flattened, subdolabriform, about 1 cm. long, attenuate

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 537

above the dilated portion, the inner 2 or 3 series unequal (the longest

2 mm. long), dilated above the middle; operculum erect, 2 mm. high,

fimbriate to the middle; ovary ovoid, sericeo-velutinous; fruit

globose.

TYPE LOCALITY: Between Matanza and Bucaramanga, Santander,

Colombia.

ILLUSTRATION: Mutis, Icon. Pl. Ined. 26: pl. 14.

DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, 500 to 1,625

meters altitude.

COLOMBIA: Mutis 792 (Ma, N), 988 (Ma, N), 1932 (Ma, N),

2889 (Ma, N).—Santander: Between Matanza and Bucaramanga,

1,624 meters, Schlim 285 (erroneously cited as 2985; Bo, Brux, Gen,

K, P, type). Barriga, Kalbreyer 637 (B, K).—Cundinamarca: La

Mesa, Triana 2939 (BM, Brux, Gen, HNC, K, P). Bogota, Leh-

mann XVI, in part (BM). Fusagasugd, Pennell 2718 (N, Y);

Goudot in 1844 (P). El Pefion, Goudot in 1844 (K). Tocaima,

Goudot (Bo). Anapoima, Triana (BM, K).

This is evidently the commonest species of Astrophea in’ the

Eastern Cordillera of Colombia. The specimens cited above are

quite uniform. The leaves are smaller than in its near relatives.

325. Passiflora ocanensis Planch. & Linden, Ann. Sci. Nat. V. Bot.

17: 188. 1873.

A much branched tree, without tendrils, glabrous throughout

(except the ovary), the bark of the younger branches reddish-brown;

stipules triangular-ovate, 2.5 mm. long, acute; petioles up to 2 cm.

long, canaliculate; leaves oblong or oblong-obovate, 7 to 15 cm. long,

3.5 to 7 em. wide, rounded and usually subemarginate at apex,

rounded at base, penninerved (lateral nerves 10 to 14 on each side,

ascending from base, the midnerve biglandular at base), coriaceous,

dark green above, glaucescent beneath; peduncles solitary, bifurcate,

the main portion 1 to 1.5 em. long, the branches 2 to 2.5 cm long;

flowers white; calyx tube campanulate, about 8 mm. long, 5 mm.

wide; sepals oblong-spatulate, 2 cm. long, 7 mm. wide, obtuse; petals

slightly shorter than the sepals; outer corona filaments about 1.5

cm. long, dilated near middle, subdolabriform, the inner subclavate

up to 1 mm. long, in 2 series; operculum erect, about 2 mm. high,

attached 5 mm. below corona, lacerate-fimbriate to the middle;

ovary subglobose, truncate, rufo-sericeo-tomentose.

TYPE LOCALITY: “‘Province of Ocafia,’’ Colombia.

538 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

DISTRIBUTION: Northern part of the Eastern Cordillera of

Colombia.

COLOMBIA: Norte de Santander: Ocafia, 1,625 meters, Schlim

693 (Bo, Gen, K, P, type), 1148 (Bo, Brux, Gen, K, N).

This is distinguished from P. Iindeniana by thicker leaves,

smaller flowers, relatively shorter inner corona threads, and a less

deeply cut operculum. ©

Section 4. Leptopoda

326. Passiflora leptopoda Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 6:

347. 1917.

Astrophea glaberrima Klotzsch in Schomb. Reise Brit. Guiana

1168. 1848, name only.

Scandent shrub, without tendrils(?), glabrous throughout except

the ovary; petioles up to 2 em. long; leaves oblong or broadly lanceo-

late, 10 to 18 em. long, 5 to 8 em. wide, obtuse or obtusely acuminate,

rounded at base, subcoriaceous, penninerved, the principal lateral

nerves about 8 to a side, the midnerve biglandular at base beneath;

inflorescence racemose, the rachis 4 to 5 em. long, the pedicels very

slender, 4 to 5 em. long, widely divaricate or pendulous, articulate

near base, the portion below the point of articulation somewhat

stouter; bracts setaceous, 3 to 4 mm. long, the bractlets setaceous, 1

to 1.5 mm. long, borne at the point of articulation of the pedicels;

calyx tube short-cylindric, about 1.2 cm. long, 4 to 5 mm. in diameter,

enlarged at base; sepals linear-lanceolate, 4 to 5 cm. long, 3 to 4 mm.

wide, acute or subobtuse, white; petals similar to the sepals, slightly

shorter and narrower; corona filaments in several series, the outer-

most about 3 cm. long, liguliform in lower half, very slender, almost

capillary in upper half, the succeeding indefinite series consisting of a

mass of plumose, reflexed, white filaments 3 to 4 mm. long; operculum |

membranous, erect, entire; gynophore slender, about 3.5 cm. long;

ovary narrowly ovoid, sericeo-tomentose; fruit globose, about 2.5 em.

in diameter, subquinquangular, glabrous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Rio Branco, Brazil, near Serra de Carauma.

DISTRIBUTION: Surinam, southern British Guiana, and northern

Brazil.

SURINAM: Corantijne River, near Wonotobo Falls, Stahel &

Gonggrijp 59 (Ut).

BRITISH GUIANA: Savanna, Schomburgk 424 (B, type of “‘Astro-

phea glaberrima’’).

BRAZIL: Amazonas: Rio Branco, Ule 7708 (B, type, K, N).

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 539

This species presents such an assemblage of unusual characters

that it seems best to place it in a monotypic section of Astrophea.

The inflorescence is racemose, but the flowers are borne on long, very

slender pedicels. The sepals, petals, and outermost corona filaments

are very slender for Astrophea; the densely plumose threads consti-

tuting the inner filaments suggest the genus Dilkea.

Section 5. Pseudoastrophea

327. Passiflora candida (Poepp. & Endl.) Mast. Trans. Linn. Soc.

27: 629. 1871; in Mart. FI. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 573. 1872.

Tacsonia candida Poepp. & Endl. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2: 59. pl. 180.

1835.

Distephana candida M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 199. 1846.

Passiflora Guedesit Huber, Bol. Mus. Paraen. 3: 487. 1902.

High-climbing shrub with stout tendrils, the stem terete or sub-

angular, ferruginous-tomentulous; stipules soon deciduous; petioles

stout, 2 to 2.5 em. long, biglandular at apex, the glands sessile, ovate,

2.5 to 3 mm. long; leaves broadly ovate or ovate-oblong, 8 to 18 cm.

long, 7 to 14 cm. wide, rounded, truncate, or short-acuminaté at

apex, rounded at base, remotely and obscurely callous-denticulate in

upper half, penninerved (lateral nerves about 10 to a side), coria-

ceous, glabrous above, rufo-hirsutulous beneath on the prominent

nerves and veins; peduncles solitary or in pairs, stout, clavate, 5 to 8

mm. long, tomentulous; flowers white, very fragrant; calyx tube

broadly funnel-shaped, 2.5 to 3.5 cm. long, 1 to 1.5 cm. in diameter

at the throat, tomentulous; sepals oblong, 3 to 4 cm. long, 1 to 1.5 cm.

wide, fleshy; petals subequal to the sepals, membranous; corona

filaments in 4 series, the outermost liguliform, 1.5 to 2.5 cm. long,

verrucose at margin in upper half, bearing near middle of one side a

short (about 1.5 mm.) appendage, the succeeding filaments filiform,

diminishing from 4 to 1 mm. long; operculum borne about 7 mm.

above base of tube, membranous, erect, 4 to 5 mm. high, lobulate

and irregularly lacerate-fimbrillate; ovary narrowly ellipsoidal,

rufo-tomentose.

TYPE LOCALITY: Ega, Brazil.

ILLUSTRATION: Poepp. & Endl. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2: pl. 180.

DISTRIBUTION: Amazonian Brazil.

BRAZIL: Amazonas: Ega, Poeppig D.2644 (V, type). Manaos,

Ule 60 (B); Ducke 23559 (B, N).—Para: Majubim, Guedes 2245 (B,

Go, type of P. Guedesii). Faro, Ducke 8367 (B, N, Ut). Santarem,

Jobert 856 (P).

540 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

This species is characterized by the unusual form of the opercu- —

lum, which is regularly lobed about one-third its length; the lobes are

ovate-spatulate. Poeppig and Endlicher describe the operculum as

being in two series, the outer (upper) filamentose and the inner

(lower) a lobate, incised-dentate membrane, but this structure is not

shown either by the type specimen or by the Ducke one, which is in

fine condition for study.

Passiflora Guedesii, described from material collected farther down —

the Amazon, appears conspecific with P. candida, as pointed out by

;

Ducke. The leaves are proportionately longer, but the peculiar form /

of the operculum is the same.

328. Passiflora hexagonocarpa Barb. Roar, Vellosia 1: 24. 1891;

3, pt. 1: pl. 9. 1891.

Scandent shrub with a few tendrils, essentially glabrous through-

out, only the ovary pubescent; petioles 1.5 to 2 cm. long; leaves

ovate-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 5 to 8 em. long, 2 to 5 em.

wide, obtuse, rounded at base, penninerved (lateral nerves 6 to 8 toa

side, the midnerve biglandular at base), coriaceous, bright green and

lustrous on both surfaces, prominently reticulate; peduncles solitary,

1 to 3 em. long; calyx tube broadly funnel-shaped, 2 to 2.5 cm. long,

nearly 2 em. wide at throat; sepals ovate-lanceolate, 1.5 to 2 em. long,

about 1 cm. wide at base, subobtuse, conspicuously nerved, green

without, white within; petals oblong, slightly shorter than the sepals,

. white; corona filaments in 2 series, the outer narrowly linear, about

1 em. long, enlarged on one side near apex, short-attenuate at apex,

verrucose along the margin of the enlarged portion and the apex, the

inner filaments few, tuberculiform, less than 1 mm. long; operculum

borne about 6 mm. above base of tube, erect, 2 mm. high, flabellate-

lobed and irregularly lacerate-fimbriate; ovary narrowly ovoid,

densely rufo-tomentulous; fruit ovoid, 7 to 8 cm. long, about 4 cm.

in diameter, sharply 6-angled, minutely and scantily puberulent;

seeds oblong-obovate, about 5 mm. long and 3 mm. wide, coarsely

reticulate, the axis slightly curved.

TYPE LOCALITY: Manaos, Brazil.

ILLUSTRATION: Vellosia 3, pt. 1: pl. 9.

DISTRIBUTION: Upper Amazonian Brazil.

BrAziu: Amazonas: Parintins, Ducke 24043 (N, Ut).

Until recently collected by Dr. Ducke, in both flower and fruit,

this species was known only from Barbosa’s description and excellent

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 541

illustration. The shape of the calyx tube and the curious operculum

are much as in P. candida. It differs from P. candida, however, in

having the corona only 2-ranked, the outer filaments being enlarged

close to the apex, not at the middle, and the inner ones reduced to a

few tubercles.

LOCAL NAME: “Maracuya-rana.”

329. Passiflora citrifolia (Juss.) Mast. Trans. Linn. Soc. 27: 629.

1871; in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 544. 1872.

Tacsonia citrifolia Juss. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6: 392. 1805.

Distephana citrifolia M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 199. 1846.

Subsecandent shrub(?), glabrous throughout except the ovary;

stem terete, strongly striate; stipules narrowly linear, soon deciduous;

petioles 1.5 to 3 (or up to 5?) em. long, biglandular at apex, the glands

sessile, saucer-shaped; leaves oblong or ovate-oblong, 12 to 20 em.

long, 5 to 11 cm. wide, abruptly short-acuminate, rounded at base,

penninerved (principal lateral nerves 8 or 9 to a side, strongly arcuate

toward the margin), prominently reticulate, coriaceous, pale green

and sublustrous, margined with a conspicuous, narrow, dark brown

or blackish band; peduncles about 4.5 cm. long, slender; calyx tube

apparently cylindric-funnel-shaped, about 1 cm. long; corona fila-

ments in 4 series, the outermost clavate, erect, those of the next 2

series successively shorter, one-third to one-fifth as long, filiform, the

innermost capillary, paler, reflexed; ovary ovoid, densely short-

white-villous; fruit ovoid, glabrous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Probably French Guiana.

DISTRIBUTION: Probably French Guiana.

FRENCH GUIANA: Cayenne, Lepriewx in 1850 (P); Perrottet in 1821

(Gen); Sagot in 1857 (K).

None of these specimens has good flowers, and the material that

Jussieu had at hand was so poor that he said he proposed the species

with much hesitation. The specimens here cited seem to represent a

well marked species, however, apparently not described under any

other name subsequently. It is most readily recognized by the dark

margin of the leaves. Because of the unsatisfactory condition of the

flowers, its exact position cannot be readily determined. The Sagot

specimen at Kew, from which the description of the corona given

above is derived, indicates that the general relationship is with

P. deficiens and P. costata.

542 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

330. Passiflora deficiens Mast. Journ. Bot. Brit. & For. 21: 34.

1883.

Scandent shrub(?); tendrils few or none; branches terete, finely

puberulent, glaucescent; petioles 1 to 3 cm. long, glandless, finely

puberulent; leaves narrowly oblong, 10 to 20 cm. long, 4 to 7 cm.

wide, short-acuminate, rounded or slightly narrowed at base, entire,

penninerved (principal lateral nerves 10 to 15 to a side, rather promi-

nent, the intermediate secondary nerves fainter, the midnerve

biglandular near base), reticulate-veined, subcoriaceous, light green,

sublustrous, glabrous; peduncles solitary, 3 to 4 cm. long, slender,

articulate above middle, puberulent; bracts setaceous, 1 to 1.5 mm.

long, deciduous, borne at point of articulation; calyx tube short-

campanulate, 2 to 4 mm. long, 5 to 7 mm. wide at throat, introrse;

sepals oblong, 2 to 2.5 cm. long, 0.8 to 1 cm. wide, obtuse; petals

similar to the sepals; outer corona filaments 2 to 2.5 cm. long, falcate-

dolabriform (dilated portion shallowly lobed or deeply cleft at inner

margin), smooth at margin, the inner filaments in 4 or 5 series,

decreasing in length from 7 mm. (upper) to about 4 mm. (lower),

capillary, capitellate, erect; operculum arising about 3 mm. above

base of tube, about 1 mm. long, dependent, crenulate; ovary oblong,

rufo-tomentellous; styles hirsutulous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Essequibo River, British Guiana.

DISTRIBUTION: British Guiana.

BRITISH GUIANA: Essequibo River, Jenman 1169 (BG, K, type).

Upper Demerara River, Jenman 3999 (BG). Potaro Landing,

Jenman 7501 (Ut).

In describing this interesting species Masters comments on the

deep tubular “‘basal corona” and on the absence of a ‘‘middle corona.”’

As mentioned elsewhere, the use of the terms ‘‘middle’”’ and “basal”’

for the two interior corona-like processes of Passiflora was not wholly

satisfactory. In the case of P. deficiens the interior membrane is

borne very close to the floor of the calyx tube, much below its middle.

However, from its structure it is far more like the operculum of other

species of Astrophea than like the true limen (basal corona) in Plec-

tostemma, Dysosmia, and Granadilla.

331. Passiflora costata Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt. 1: 573. 1872.

Passiflora eminula Mast. Journ. Linn. Soc. 20: 32. pl. 20, f. 1-3.

18838.

Passiflora hydrophila Barb. Rodr. Vellosia 1: 26. 1891: 3, pt. 1:

pl. 13. 1891.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAB 543

Passiflora inundata Ducke, Archiv. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro

4: 146. 1925.

Subscandent shrub; branches subangular, stout, puberulent;

tendrils few, usually very slender; petioles up to 3.5 em. long, bi-

glandular at apex, the glands ovate, scarlike; leaves obovate to nar-

rowly oblong-obovate, 5 to 25 cm. long, 4 to 16 em. wide, rounded,

rarely subacute, often emarginate at apex, cordulate or rounded and

usually subpeltate at base, penninerved (nerves 12 to 15 to a side,

impressed above, prominent beneath), conspicuously reticulate,

coriaceous, dull or very slightly lustrous and glabrous above, glabrous

or usually finely puberulent beneath, at least on the nerves and

veins; peduncles solitary or in pairs, 1 to 4 cm. long; bracts narrowly

linear, about 2 mm. long, scattered; flowers 6 to 7 cm. wide (ex-

panded), fragrant; calyx tube broadly campanulate or slightly

funnel-shaped, 5 to 10 mm. long, about 1 cm. wide at the throat;

sepals oblong-lanceolate, 2 to 3 cm. long, 1 to 1.3 em. wide, slightly

concave at apex, fleshy, green without, white within; petals oblong-

spatulate, 1.5 to 2.5 cm. long, 1 cm. wide, obtuse, membranous,

white; corona filaments in about 6 series, the outermost subdolabri-

form, 1.5 to 2 em. long, orange, reddish at middle, laterally com-

pressed, usually lobulate along inner margin at widest point, the

attenuate tip verrucose, the filaments of the succeeding series

narrowly liguliform, gradually decreasing in length from 5 to 1 mm.;

operculum membranous, deflexed at base, the upper half erect,

minutely denticulate; gynophore stout, swollen at a point about

5 mm. above base; ovary narrowly ovoid, suleate, densely tomentose.

TYPE LOCALITY: Junction of Rio Negro and Amazon, Brazil.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Journ. Linn. Soc. 20: pl. 20, f. 1-3; Vellosia 3,

ot. be pl. 28.

DISTRIBUTION: Surinam, French Guiana(?), and British Guiana

to northeastern Peru, at low elevations; Rio de Janeiro, where

probably introduced.

SURINAM: Menge, ex reliqg. Wullschlégel (Brux). Lawa River,

Kappler 2118 (Leid, P, Ut, V). Tapanahoni River, Versteeg 850

(Ut). Gonini River, Versteeg 177 (Ut), 255 (Ut). Surinam River,

Fairchild 3827a (N); Lanjouw 1148 (Ut). Coppename River, Boon

1090 (Ut), 1113 (Ut), 1207 (Ut). Bergendaal, Focke 1148 (Ut).

BRITISH GUIANA: Appun 2173 (K). Essequibo River, Jenman

1160 (BG), 1305 (BG, K). Mazaruni River, Jenman 742 (BG, K),

544 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

7600 (BG, N, Y), 7622 (B, BG), 7642 (BG, N). Corembyne River,

Im Thurn (K, type of P. eminula); Jenman 327 (BG).

PERU: Loreto: Soledad, Tessmann 5286 (B, Bas). Iquitos,

Tessmann 3675 (B).

BRAZIL: Amazonas: Rio Negro, Spruce 1670 (K, type), 1676

(K, P). Lago Uaicurapa, Ducke 24040 (N).—Para: Rio Tapajés,

Ducke 14647 (type collection of P. znwndata; B, Bo, K, N, S, Ut);

Dahlgren & Sella 58 (N). Rio Cunima, Sampaio 5240 (B), 5375 (B).

—Rio de Janeiro: Quinta de Sado Christovao, Glaziow 13912a (K, P).

No differences are discernible between P. eminula and P. costata.

Masters states that P. costata is ‘“‘glaberrima,’’ but some of the speci-

mens he cites, such as the ‘‘Wullschlagel’’ collection, have the leaves

and stem finely puberulous, similar to the type of P. eminula. This

fine puberulence differs in degree in the material cited above, being

more prominent in the Guiana specimens than in the Brazilian ones.

Passiflora hydrophila, based upon a Rio Negro plant, I know only

from the description and detailed illustration accompanying it,

but it unquestionably is the same as P. costata. Type material of

P. inundata I have compared directly with the type of P. costata,

and find no differences other than the slightly larger flowers and

longer peduncles and petioles of the former.

Barbosa gives as a local name ‘“‘maracuya do igapo.”’ In Surinam

this is known as ‘“‘marcusa.”’

332. Passiflora faroana Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 10: 809.

1929. |

Subscandent shrub, glabrous throughout except the ovary;

petioles 5 to 10 mm. long, biglandular at junction with blade, the

glands scarlike; leaves ovate or broadly ovate-oblong, 4 to 10 cm.

long, 3 to 6 cm. wide, obtuse and sometimes emarginate at apex,

rounded at base, subcoriaceous, conspicuously reticulate-veined and

sublustrous on both surfaces; peduncles solitary, 1 to 5 mm. long at

anthesis, up to 15 mm. long in fruit, corrugate; flowers white, red-

maculate; calyx tube funnelform, about 1 cm. long; sepals linear-

oblong, 1.5 cm. long, 4 mm. wide, carinate distally; petals linear,

slightly shorter than the sepals, about 2 mm. wide; corona filaments

in 2 well defined and several poorly defined series, the outermost

narrowly linear, 1 cm. long, faleate-dilated above middle and verru-

cose along margin, those of the second series adjacent to the preced-

ing, liguliform, about 2 mm. long, the succeeding filaments borne in 3

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 545

or 4 irregular rows at middle of tube; operculum erect, borne just

below middle of tube, about 3 mm. high, cleft in upper third into

broadly clavate segments; ovary ovoid, hexagonal, puberulent;

fruit subglobose, 2 em. in diameter sparingly puberulent; seeds

obovate, 5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, coarsely reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Campina do Jupiry, near Lago de Faro, State

of Para, Brazil.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality, in lower

Amazonian Brazil.

BRAZIL: Para: Campina de Jupiry, near Lago de Faro, Ducke 325

(B, type, K, N). Campos de Tigre, Faro, Ducke 675 (B, Bo, K, P, N).

Excellent material deposited in the United States National

Herbarium by Ducke permits a more detailed diagnosis of the

flowers and fruit than that given by Harms. Although the foliage

is suggestive of P. sclerophylla and P. phaeocaula, the multiple

corona indicates probably that it is more closely related to P. cosiata.

333. Passiflora sclerophylla Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin

6: 347. 1917.

Scandent shrub, 1 to 2 meters high, the branches glabrous or the

younger puberulent; petioles 5 to 10 mm. long, biglandular at apex;

leaves suborbicular, oval, obovate, or oblong, 4 to 7 cm. long, 3 to 7

cm. wide, rounded, emarginate, or subacute at apex, rounded at base,

reticulate-veined (veins elevated beneath), thick-coriaceous, glabrous

and shining above, short-villosulous beneath; peduncles solitary in

the axils or in 2’s or in 3’s, 1 to 1.5 cm. long, appressed-pubescent;

calyx tube broadly funnel-shaped, nearly 1 cm. long, 1 em. in diam-

eter at the throat; sepals narrowly oblong, 2.3 to 2.5 cm. long, obtuse;

petals lanceolate, 1.8 to 2 cm. long; corona filaments in 2 series, the

outer about 2 cm. long, laterally compressed, geniculate at middle,

the upper half narrowly linear-attenuate, verrucose along margin,

the inner filaments filiform, about 3 mm. long; operculum cleft

nearly to the base into linear-clavate segments about 3 mm. long;

ovary narrowly oblong, densely ferruginous-tomentose.

TYPE LOCALITY: “Guyana, Venezuela: Roraima.”

DISTRIBUTION: Southern Venezuela and southern British Guiana.

BRITISH GUIANA: Mt. Roraima, Ule 8667 (B, type, Go, Ut);

Im Thurn 110 (BG, BM, K, N); Schomburgk 986 (B); G. H. H.

Tate 323 (Y).

546 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

VENEZUELA: Amazonas: Mt. Duida, 2,000 meters, G. H. H. Tate

521 (Y).

This species is most easily recognized by very strongly reticu-

late leaves, densely villosulous beneath. The tendrils are unusu-

ally well developed for species of Astrophea. In Tate’s recent

collection on Mt. Duida the leaves are proportionately broader than

in typical material from Mt. Roraima.

334. Passiflora Mansii (Mart.) Mast. Trans. Linn. Soc. 27: 629.

1871 (as P. Mansoz); in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 572. pl. 107.

1872.

Tacsonia(?) Mansi Mart. Flora 22, ptv-1: Beibl. 7. 1839.

Passiflora Mansoi var. glabra Hoehne, Comm. Linh. Telegr.

Matto Grosso, Annexo 5, Bot. pt. 5: 74. 1915.

Erect, few-branched shrub, 1 to 1.5 meters high, sometimes the

upper branches tendril-bearing and scandent; stem terete, softly

pilosulous; stipules linear-subulate, 1 to 2 mm. long; petioles 1 to 2

em. long, biglandular at or just below the apex; leaves broadly ovate,

8 to 15 em. long, 5 to 12 cm. wide, acute or acuminate, rarely obtuse,

rounded at base, penninerved (lateral nerves about 6 to a side),

coriaceous, lustrous and bright green above, paler beneath, usually

glabrous above and softly velutinous beneath, rarely glabrous on

both surfaces; peduncles solitary, 5 to 10 mm. long, rarely up to 30

mm., articulate near base; bracts linear-subulate, about 1.5 mm.

long, verticillate at point of articulation; flowers white, pilosulous

without; calyx tube cylindric-campanulate, 10 to 12 mm. long, 6 to

8 mm. in diameter, enlarged at base; sepals ovate-oblong, about

2 em. long, 8 to 9 mm. wide, obtuse; petals narrowly oblong, about

1.5 em. long, 5 mm. wide, obtuse; corona filaments in 2 series, the

outer 1 to 1.3 em. long, dolabriform in the upper quarter, subulate

at apex, the inner filiform, 3 to 3.5 mm. long, adjacent to the outer;

operculum borne just below middle of tube, filamentose to base, the

filaments subulate, about 3 mm. long; ovary ovoid, densely pilosu-

lous; fruit globose, pilosulous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Cuyaba, Matto Grosso, Brazil.

ILLUSTRATION: Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: pl. 107.

DISTRIBUTION: Central and southern Brazil.

BRAZIL: Pohl 8 (V). “Brazil occid.,” Tamberlik (Gen, V).—

Goyaz: Gardner 3194 (BM, K).—Minas Geraes: Serra do Quartel,

Claussen 62 (Gen). Vicosa, Mexia 5082a (Gen, N).—Matto Grosso:

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 547

Cuyaba, Manso (Brux, type, Y); Martius (Herb. Fl. Bras. 276;

B, Brux, Gen, K, V, Y); Malme 1164 (S), in 1902 (S); Collenette 184

(Y); Dorrien Smith 303 (K, Y). Santa Anna da Chapada, Malme

2206 (S); Robert 428 (BM), 452 (B, BM, K), 465 (BM).—Parana:

Ypiranga, Dusén 12106a (BM, Gen, N, S). Cadeado, Dusén 8831

(B, 8S). Serra do Mar, Jénsson (Dusén 851a; S).

Masters cites another Martius specimen, from Ega, on the upper

Amazon. I have not seen this, and am rather doubtful that this

species occurs in that region. The two specimens in the Martius

Herbarium at Brussels are labeled ‘‘Tacsonia(?) Mansii Mart.,

Cuiaba, Prov. Goyaz, legit Manso,” and ‘‘Mart. Herb. FI. Bras. 276,

prope Cuiaba, Febr. 1832.”

The notes of some collectors state that this is an erect shrub 1 to

1.5 meters high, the added observation being sometimes made that

it is subscandent toward the summit. Most of the specimens ex-

amined are without vestige of tendrils, but in a few cases (Dusén

8831) well developed tendrils are present. A note on the Mexia

specimen, which is without tendrils, states that the plant was a

woody vine, climbing on a tree to a height of 8 meters.

LOCAL NAME: “‘Maracuja de chapada.”’

335. Passiflora haematostigma Mart. ex Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras.

13, pt. 1: 574. pl. 108, f. 1. 1872.

Passiflora platystyla Mast. Journ. Bot. Brit. & For. 21: 35. 1883.

Plant scandent; bark brown, puberulent, the younger branches

densely and softly villosulous, the tendrils slender or well developed;

stipules setaceous, deciduous; petioles up to 2.5 em. long, inconspicu-

ously biglandular near apex; leaves elliptic, oblong-lanceolate,

or oblong, 5 to 10 em. long, 2.5 to 5 em. wide (lower leaves cordate-

ovate, up to 13 em. long, 11 em. wide), acute or rounded, often sub-

emarginate at apex, rounded at base, penninerved (lateral nerves 4 to

6 on a side, arcuate toward margin), slightly revolute, coriaceous,

glabrous and shining above, densely and softly brown-villosulous

beneath; peduncles 2 to 4 em. long, articulate near middle, densely

puberulous; bracts setaceous, scattered; calyx tube short-cylindric-

campanulate, about 1 cm. long, 6 mm. wide at throat, softly puberu-

lous without; sepals linear-oblong, 2.5 to 3 em. long, 5 to 7 mm. wide,

obtuse, green and softly puberulous without, white at margin, white

within; petals linear-spatulate, 1.5 to 2 cm. long, 3 to 4 mm. wide,

obtuse, white; corona filaments in 2 series, the outer about 1.5 em.

long, subdolabriform, dilated just above middle, attenuate and

548 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

slightly verrucose to apex, those of the inner series linear-clavate,

about 2 mm. long, strongly compressed; operculum borne at middle

of tube, 1.5 to 2 mm. long, white, filamentose about to middle; ovary

oblong, densely and softly puberulous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Minas Geraes, Brazil (type, Martius MS. No.

1136, in Munich Herbarium).

ILLUSTRATION: Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: pl. 108, f. 1.

DISTRIBUTION: Southeastern Brazil, extending from Minas Geraes

southward.

BRAZIL: Sello 310 (N), 1092 (B, BM, K), 1105 (B), 1126 (B).

Cerros dos Pirrheiros, Pohl 3498 (V).—Minas Geraes: Serra do

Caraca, Barreto 885 (N); Mendonca 1041 (B). Ouro Preto, Schwacke

7474 (B).—Rio de Janeiro: Raben (Martius 564; Brux, Cop). Nova

Friburgo, Glaziou 13454 (B, Brux, Cop, Gen, K, type of P. platy-

styla, P); Curran 643 (N).—Sao Paulo: “Morro del Oro,” Puiggari

in 1883 (P). Santa Anna, Brade 6095 (S). S&o Paulo, Mosén in

1870 (S). Cesario, Hoehne 4507 (N).—Parana: Itararé, Dusén

16521 (G).

Large-leafed forms of this species are sometimes confused with

P. Mansii. Flower structure of the two is quite different: in P.

Mansi the inner filaments of the corona are subulate, in P. haemato-

stigma linear-clavate; in P. Mansi the operculum is filamentose to

the base, in P. haematostigma cleft only part way. ‘Tendrils are

usually present in this species, although in Mosén’s plant from S&o

Paulo they are very slender. Passiflora platystyla is scarcely dis-

tinguishable from P. haematostigma.

This is one of the few species of Pseudoastrophea of which the

lowermost leaves have been seen in herbaria. The sheet of Dusén

16521 in the Gray Herbarium shows a portion of the basal part of

the plant bearing leaves shaped much like those of P. ligularis. The

thick stem of this lower portion has stout tendrils, and the plant

doubtless is a woody vine rather than a shrub.

336. Passiflora ceratocarpa Silveira, Archiv. Jard. Bot. Rio de

Janeiro 5: 217. pl. 30. 1980.

Woody vine; stem terete, pilosulous, glabrescent with age;

petioles about 2 cm. long, biglandular at apex, the glands sessile;

leaves ovate or cordate-ovate, 10 to 14 em. long, 7 to 12 cm. wide,

obtuse at apex, cordate, entire, penninerved (principal lateral nerves

about 7 to a side), conspicuously reticulate-veined, thick-coriaceous,

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 549

lustrous and finely puberulent on the nerves above, pilosulous

beneath; peduncles solitary, erect, about 1.5 em. long, articulate

near middle; flowers 3.5 to 5 cm. wide (expanded); calyx tube short-

cylindric-campanulate, about 10 mm. long, 8 mm. wide; sepals

oblong, 2.5 to 3 cm. long, 7 to 8 mm. wide, obtuse, subcoriaceous;

petals subequal to the sepals; corona filaments in 2 series, the outer

erect, subfalcate, about 1 cm. long, dilated above middle, rounded

at apex, those of the second series narrowly linear, about 1 cm. long;

operculum borne just below middle of tube, membranous, denticu-

late; ovary ovoid, puberulous; fruit subglobose, 2.5 to 3 em. in

diameter, the exocarp coriaceous, puberulous; seeds broadly obovate,

5 to 7 mm. long, 4 to 5 mm. wide, coarsely reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Para (Belem), Brazil.

ILLUSTRATION: Archiv. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 5: pl. 30. 1930.

DISTRIBUTION: Para, lower Amazon Basin, Brazil.

BRAZIL: Pard: Belem do Para, Ducke 17333 (type collection; B,

Bo, K, N, Ut); Dahlgren & Sella 760 (F).

This is distinguished from P. haematostigma by its differently

shaped outer corona filaments and less deeply cut operculum. The

leaves are larger and thicker.

337. Passiflora phaeocaula Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17:

430. 1927.

Plant scandent, the tendrils well developed; stem subquad-

rangular, slender, dark purple; stipules setaceous, soon deciduous;

petioles 5 to 8 mm. long, glandless or obscurely glandular at base of

leaf, minutely puberulent; leaves oval, 3.5 to 5 cm. long, 2 to 2.5 cm.

wide, rounded and slightly emarginate at apex, rounded at base,

entire, penninerved (lateral nerves 5 to 7 to a side), reticulate-veined

(nerves and veins elevated and conspicuous on both surfaces), thick-

coriaceous, lustrous and glabrous above, dull and minutely puberu-

lent beneath; peduncles solitary, 1-flowered, 4 to 6 mm. long, shorter

than the adjacent petiole; bracts soon deciduous; calyx tube funnel-

shaped, about 8 mm. long, 5 mm. wide at throat, dark-maculate

within; sepals narrowly oblong, about 2 cm. long, 6 mm. wide,

obtuse, ecorniculate; petals similar and subequal to the sepals;

corona filaments in 2 series, the outer about 1 cm. long, subdolabri-

form, linear below, dilated to a width of about 1.5 mm. above

middle, attenuate at tip, the inner filiform, about 1.5 mm. long,

shallowly bifid; operculum borne in lower third of tube, erect, 4 mm.

long, filamentose nearly to base; ovary ovoid, puberulent.

550 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil: Upper Rio Negro.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality, in western

Amazonian Brazil.

BRAZIL: Amazonas: Upper Rio Negro, Weiss & Schmidt in 1907

or 1908 (Y, type).

338. Passiflora elliptica Gardn. in Hook. London Journ. Bot. 1:

173. 1842.

Scandent or subscandent shrub; branches minutely puberulent;

stipules linear-subulate, about 1.5 mm. long, deciduous; petioles 1.5

to 2 cm. long, biglandular at apex; leaves elliptic, 6 to 8 cm. long,

4 to 5.5 cm. wide, obtuse and often emargiriate at apex, rounded at

base, penninerved (lateral nerves about 7 to a side), conspicuously

reticulate-veined, subcoriaceous, glabrous and lustrous above, finely

pilosulous beneath, concolorous; peduncles 1 to 1.5 em. long; bracts

linear-subulate, 1 mm. long, borne near base of peduncle; flowers

white; calyx tube campanulate, 4 to 7 mm. long, 3 to 4 mm. wide;

sepals oblong, 1.5 to 2 cm. long, 3 to 4 mm. wide, obtuse; petals

similar and subequal to the sepals; corona filaments in 2 series, the

outer liguliform, 7 to 8 mm. long, the inner minute, barely 1 mm.

long; operculum borne near middle of tube, membranous, about 3

mm. high, fimbrillate, the fringe 0.5 to 1 mm. long; gynophore hirsu-

tulous at middle, otherwise glabrous; ovary ovoid, cano-sericeo-

tomentose; fruit globose, about 2 cm. in diameter, the exocarp

brittle, orange-color; seeds broadly ovoid, about 7 mm. long, 6 mm.

wide, coarsely reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Rio Comprido, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

DISTRIBUTION: Known positively only from the State of Rio de

Janeiro, Brazil.

BRAZIL: Sello 584 (BM); St. Hilaire 135 (P).—Rio de Janeiro:

Rio Comprido, Gardner 46 (BM, type, Gen, K, P, V, Y); Sellzers

3039 (Gen). Corcovado, Burchell 1838 (K); Miers (BM, K). Laran-

geiras, Glaziou 18258 (B, Brux, Cop, G, Gen, K, P). Mundo Novo,

Kuhlmann 1726 (S, Ut).

The flowers of P. elliptica are smaller than in near relatives and

the venation of the leaves is more evident. The outer corona fila-

ments are not dilated as in the case of all other relatives except

P. candida, which differs in many details.

Kuhlmann 1726 is one of the few specimens of Peccanasophes

that has been collected in fruit.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE ; 551

339. Passiflora pentagona Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1:

575. pl. 108, f. 2. 1872.

Plant scandent or subscandent, the tendrils usually well devel-

oped; stem terete, sulcate below, glabrous or minutely puberulous

above; stipules setaceous, soon deciduous; petioles 0.5 to 2 em. long,

often reflexed, obscurely biglandular at apex; leaves oblong, 5 to 10

em. long, 3 to 5 cm. wide, rounded or acutish at apex, rounded at

base, reticulate-veined, subcoriaceous, glabrous and lustrous above,

glabrous or minutely puberulent beneath; peduncles 1 to 1.5 cm.

long, reflexed, articulate below middle; calyx tube cylindric-cam-

panulate, 5 to 8 mm. long, about 5 mm. wide at throat, conspicuously

5-angled, puberulent; sepals oblong, 1 to 1.5 cm. long, 4 to 6 mm.

wide, obtuse; petals similar to the sepals; corona filaments in 2 series,

the outer subdolabriform, about 1 cm. long, ligulate below, dilated

above middle, verrucose along inner margin at point of dilation, the

inner narrowly linear, clavate; operculum borne at middle of tube,

erect, about 2 mm. high, filamentose in upper half; ovary oblong,

tomentulous; fruit globose, about 4 cm. in diameter, the exgcarp

coriaceous, brittle, yellowish; seeds ovate-oblong, about 5 mm. long,

reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

ILLUSTRATION: Mart. FI. Bras. 18, pt. 1: pl. 108, f. 2.

DISTRIBUTION: Known positively only from the State of Rio

de Janeiro, Brazil.

BRAZIL: Lhotsky in 1882 (Gen).—Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro,

Warming 1162 (Cop, type); Dusén 5090 (G); Martius 1221 (Brux,

Gen, Y); Schwacke 15667 (N); Wilkes Expedition (N). Lagéa

de Freitas, Ule 3798 (B).

The pendulous flowers, with a definitely 5-angled tube, constitute

the most striking character by which this species may be recognized.

It is very close to P. rhamnvfolia; all the specimens I have seen have

smaller leaves, however.

340. Passiflora alliacea Barb. Rodr. Contr. Jard. Bot. Rio de

Janeiro 3: 59. pl. 7. 1902.

Plant scandent, the tendrils developed; stem terete, glabrous or

very minutely puberulous; stipules setaceous, soon deciduous;

petioles 0.5 to 1.5 em. long, obscurely biglandular at apex; leaves

oblong or ovate-oblong, 5 to 8 cm. long, 2.5 to 4 cm. wide (the lower

up to 12 em. long, 6.5 em. wide), acute or obtusish at apex, rounded

552 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

at base, penninerved (lateral nerves 4 or 5 to a side), coriaceous,

lustrous and glabrous above, glabrous beneath, or the younger

minutely puberulent; peduncles solitary, 1-flowered, 1 to 2 cm. long,

reflexed, articulate near base; calyx tube campanulate-funnelform,

5 to 10 mm. long, 6-angled; sepals and petals linear-oblong, 1.5 to 2

cm. long, 5 mm. wide, obtuse, white; corona filaments in 2 series, the

outer 1 to 1.3 cm. long, ligulate below, dilated just below apex, corru-

gate along inner margin at the point of dilation, the inner 4 to 5 mm.

long, narrowly ligulate, capitellate and bifid at apex; operculum

borne at middle of tube, erect, 2.5 mm. high, filamentose in upper

quarter; ovary ovoid, sulcate, densely puberulous or glabrous(?);

fruit ovoid, 5 cm. long, 2.5 em. in diameter, 6-angled, puberulent or

glabrous(?), yellow; seeds ovate, reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Botanical Garden, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

ILLUSTRATION: Contr. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 3: pl. 7.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the State of Rio de Janeiro,

Brazil.

BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: Leblon, Chase 8459 (N).

Perhaps the maintenance of this species as distinct from P.

pentagona is not justified. The fruit is ovoid rather than globose,

and distinctly 6-angled. The inner corona filaments are deeply bifid,

whereas in P. pentagona they are flat at the dilated apex.

Barbosa states that the foliage and fruit are strongly aromatic,

suggesting the odor of Alliwm. The local name is given as maracujé

de alho.

341. Passiflora rhamnifolia Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1:

575. 1872.

Seandent shrub, with usually well developed, slender or stout

tendrils; stem subterete, glabrous or very minutely puberulent;

stipules setaceous, soon deciduous; petioles 1 to 2.5 cm. long, ob-

scurely biglandular at apex; leaves ovate-oblong to ovate-elliptic,

5 to 10 cm. long, 4 to 6 cm. wide, subacute at apex, rounded.at base,

submembranous, glabrous above, minutely puberulent or glabrous

beneath; peduncles 1 to 1.5 cm. long, solitary, articulate near base,

ascending; bracts setaceous, deciduous; calyx tube cylindric-cam-

panulate, about 1 cm. long, 6 mm. wide at throat; sepals oblong-

lanceolate, about 1.5 em. long, 5 mm. wide, obtuse; petals similar to

the sepals; corona filaments in 2 series, the outer subdolabriform,

1 cm. long, broadly linear below, dilated near apex, the inner 3 mm.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 553

long, filiform below, broadly dilated and shallowly bifid at the

apex; operculum borne just below middle of tube, erect, about

2 mm. high, filamentose in upper third; ovary ovoid, strongly sul-

cate, tomentulous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Cubatéo, Minas Geraes, Brazil.

DISTRIBUTION: States of Minas Geraes and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

BRAZIL: Minas Geraes: Cubatao, Sello 2125 (B), 2148 (B, type,

N). Arapongo, Bailey & Bailey 1144 (N).—Rio de Janeiro: Tijuca,

Glaziou 17620 (B, Gen, K, P). Corcovado, Glaziou 3993 (Cop).

This is closely related to P. pentagona, the erect flowers and

larger, usually subacute leaves perhaps not being sufficiently im-

portant characters upon which to separate the two.

342. Passiflora Tessmannii Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin

9: 978. 1926.

Scandent shrub; branches glabrous, the younger portions some-

times velutinous or puberulent; stipules early deciduous; petioles 0.5

to 1.5 em. long, biglandular at apex; leaves ovate, broadly oblong,

or obovate, 5 to 9 cm. long, 2.5 to 6.5 em. wide, acute or obtuse at

apex, rounded at base, penninerved (lateral nerves about 6 to a side),

membranous, glabrous above, very minutely puberulous beneath,

concolorous; peduncles solitary or in pairs, 0.7 to 1.5 em. long; calyx

tube cylindric-campanulate, 0.8 to 1 em. long, 5 to 7 mm. wide at

throat; sepals narrowly oblong, 1.5 to 2 cm. long, 5 to 6 mm. wide,

obtuse, green without, white within; petals similar to the sepals, 1 to

1.5 em. long, 3 to 4 mm. wide; corona filaments in 2 series, the outer

falcate-dilated above middle, attenuate at tips, about 7 mm. long,

yellow, the inner subulate, about 1 mm. long; operculum borne at

middle of tube, 2 mm. high, erect, fimbrillate in upper quarter;

ovary ovoid, velutinous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Mouth of Rio Santiago, Rio Marafion, Peru.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality, in northern

part of Peru.

PERU: Loreto: Rio Marafion, at mouth of Rio Santiago, Tess-

mann 4385 (B, type, N).

This has the general aspect of P. elliptica, but the leaves are of

thinner texture, the flowers larger, and the outer corona filaments

dilated above the middle.

554 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

343. Passiflora venosa Rusby, Mem. Torrey Club 6: 42. 1896.

Erect or subscandent shrub(?); branches terete, minutely puberu-

lent; stipules setaceous, 1.5 mm. long, soon deciduous; petioles up to

1.5 em. long, biglandular at apex; leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate,

6 to 12 cm. long, 4 to 7 cm. wide, sharp-acuminate at apex, rounded

at base, penninerved (lateral nerves 5 or 6 to a side), conspicuously

reticulate-veined, coriaceous, bright green and shining above, glau-

cous beneath, glabrous, puberulous on midnerve beneath; peduncles

solitary or in pairs, up to 1.5 cm. long; calyx tube cylindric-campanu-

late, 5 to 10 mm. long, about 6 mm. wide at throat; sepals oblong-

lanceolate, 1.5 to 2 cm. long, 7 to 8 mm. wide, obtuse; petals linear-

oblanceolate, equaling or slightly longer than the sepals, obtuse,

violet or light purple(?); corona filaments in 2 series, the outer about

1.3 cm. long, subfalcate, laterally compressed, dilated above middle,

the tips linear-attenuate, sinuate along inner margin, the inner

filiform or narrowly linear, 2.5 mm. long; operculum about 2 mm.

long, membranous below, fimbriate in upper third; ovary ovoid,

puberulent, about 10-ribbed. .

TYPE LOCALITY: Between Tipuani and Guanai, Bolivia.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality.

BOLIVIA: La Paz: Between Tipuani and Guanai, Bang 1656

(BM, CM, N, Ph, Y, type).

Section 6. Botryastrophea

344. Passiflora Quelchii N. E. Brown, Trans. Linn. Soc. II. 6:

81. pl. 8. 1901.

Shrub or tree, without tendrils, glabrous throughout; stipules

subulate, soon deciduous; petioles 1 to 1.5 em. long, biglandular at

apex, the glands about 2 mm. in diameter, sessile; leaves cuneate-

oblong, 8 to 12 cm. long, 2 to 4 cm. wide, obtuse or short-acute at

apex, gradually tapering from the upper quarter in a slightly curved

line to an acute base, strongly undulate, penninerved (lateral nerves

12 to 15 on each side, spreading, anastomosing close to margin in a

series of broad loops); flowers in short racemes or fascicles, the axis

up to 2.5 cm. long, the pedicels 3 to 5 mm. long; calyx tube cylindric,

about 2.5 cm. long, 4 to 5 mm. wide at throat; sepals oblong-lanceo-

late, 2 to 2.5 cm. long, 5 to 7 mm. wide, obtuse or subacute; petals

similar and nearly equal to the sepals; corona filaments in a single

series, subdolabriform, 1.5 em. long, the dilated portion minutely

tuberculate; operculum borne near the base of the tube, filamentose,

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 555

the filaments linear-falcate, about 2 mm. long, erect; ovary oblong,

9-grooved.

TYPE LOCALITY: Ireng River Valley, British Guiana.

ILLUSTRATION: Trans. Linn. Soc. II. 6: pl. 3. 1901.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality.

BRITISH GUIANA: Ireng River Valley, McConnell & Quelch 207

(K, type).

This species, known apparently only from this single collection, is

readily distinguished by the cuneate-oblong leaves with an undulate

margin. This and P. spicata are the only nonscandent representa-

tives of Botryastrophea.

345. Passiflora fuchsiiflora Hemsl.in Hook. Icon. Pl. 26: pl. 2553.

1898.

Woody vine with well developed tendrils, glabrous throughout;

stipules linear, 7 to 9 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, acuminate; petioles up

to 8 cm. long, biglandular at apex; leaves broadly ovate or suborhicu-

lar, 10 to 12 em. long, 8 to 10 cm. wide (or larger?), obtuse or emargi-

nate at apex, truncate at base, penninerved (lateral nerves arcuate,

5 to 7 to a side), thick-coriaceous, lustrous above, bluish glaucous

beneath; flowers borne in dense clusters or short racemes on the old

wood (10 to 30 flowers to a cluster, the rachis up to 2.5 em. long,

bracteolate), orange-yellow, fragrant, the pedicels about 1 cm. long;

calyx tube cylindric, 3 to 5 cm. long, 6 to 9 mm. wide, slightly

narrowed toward base; sepals lanceolate, about 2 cm. long and 6 mm.

wide, obtusish; petals similar and subequal to the sepals; corona

filaments in 3 series, the outermost subdolabriform, about 1 ecm.

long, those of the 2 succeeding series tuberculiform, 0.5 mm. long or

less; operculum borne near the base of the tube, erect, about 8 mm.

high, membranous, fimbrillate; gynophore very slender, sulcate in

upper third; ovary narrowly obovoid, glabrous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Demerara River, British Guiana.

ILLUSTRATION: Hook. Icon. Pl. 26: pl. 2553.

DISTRIBUTION: Surinam and British Guiana.

SURINAM: Upper Surinam River, B. W. 5365 (Ut). Gonini River,

Gonggrijp 64, in part (Ut).

BRITISH GUIANA: Demerara River, Jenman 6540 (B, BG, K,

type, Y); Abraham 232 (Y).

556 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

346. Passiflora cauliflora Harms, Verhandl. Bot. Verein. Branden-

burg 48: 185. 1906.

Scandent shrub, glabrescent throughout except the ovary;

peticles about 3 cm. long, biglandular near apex; leaves oblong,

15 to 18 cm. long, 6 to 10 cm. wide, obtusely acuminate or acute,

rounded at base, penninerved (principal lateral nerves 9 to 11 to a

side, prominent beneath), thick-coriaceous, with a dark, thickened

band at the margin; flowers “brown-yellow,’”’ borne in axillary

fascicles, the rachis nodulose, up to 2 cm. long, the pedicels about

3 mm. long; calyx tube cylindric, 1.5 to 2 cm. long, 3 to 4 mm. in

diameter; sepals oblong, about 2 cm. long and 6 mm. wide, obtuse;

petals similar to the sepals; corona filaments in 8 series, the outermost

subdolabriform, 1.2 to 1.5 em. long, those of the 2 inner series nar-

rowly linear, 2 to 3 mm. long; operculum borne at middle of tube,

erect, about 1 cm. high, cleft in the upper third into 5 linear seg-

ments; ovary narrowly obovoid, finely and softly ferruginous-

tomentellous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Cerro de Escalera, Department of Loreto, Peru.

DISTRIBUTION: Amazonian Peru.

PERU: San Martin: Zepelacio, Klug 3469 (N).—Loreto: Cerro

de Escalera, near Tarapoto, Ule 6679 (B, type, Go). Mouth of

Rio Santiago, Tessmann 4588 (B).

This is very similar to P. skiantha, described from the same

general locality. Both have an unusual operculum, this being longer

than in most species of Botryastrophea, and cleft into five linear

segments. In P. cauliflora the operculum is tubular in the lower

two-thirds, cleft only at the apex, whereas in P. skiantha the opercu-

lum is cleft nearly to its base. Other differences between the two are

the shorter calyx tube and pubescent ovary of P. cauliflora.

347. Passiflora skiantha Huber, Bol. Mus. Goeldi 4: 591. f. 5.

1906.

Scandent shrub, glabrous throughout; petioles about 1 cm. long,

biglandular at apex; leaves elliptic, up to 17 em. long and 9.5 cm.

wide, abruptly acute or acuminate at apex, rounded at base, penni-

nerved (principal lateral nerves 4 or 5 to a side), membranous;

flowers in short, dense fascicles, the rachis 1 to 2 cm. long, the pedicels

about 5 mm. long; calyx tube cylindric, 3 to 3.5 cm. long, 6 to 8 mm.

in diameter, slightly ventricose at base; sepals oblong, 2.5 to 3 cm.

long, about 8 mm. wide, obtuse, at length reflexed; petals similar to

but slightly narrower than the sepals; corona filaments in 4 series,

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 557

the outermost spatulate, about 1.5 em. long, those of the second

series 4 mm. long, slightly dilated at apex, those of the 2 inner series

filiform, 2 mm. long; operculum borne at middle of tube, deeply cleft

into 5 linear filaments about 1.5 cm. long; ovary ellipsoidal, glabrous;

fruit ovoid, about 6.5 cm. long; seeds ovate, about 8 mm. long, 5 mm.

wide, ‘‘transversely rugose.”’

TYPE LOCALITY: Cerro de Canchahuayo, Peru.

ILLUSTRATION: Bol. Mus. Goeldi 4: 592. f. 5.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality, in northern

Peru.

PERU: Loreto: Cerro de Canchahuayo, Huber 1424 (Go, type).

This is similar to P. cauliflora, as already noted.

348. Passiflora longiracemosa Ducke, Archiv. Jard. Bot. Rio de

Janeiro 8: 221. pl. 28. 1922.

High climbing, woody vine, with well developed tendrils, essen-

tially glabrous throughout; stipules soon deciduous; petioles 2 to 9

em. long, biglandular at apex, the glands subsessile; leaves variable,

ovate-orbicular to lance-oblong, ranging from the length and width

being subequal to the length twice the width, up to 15 cm. long and

wide, obtuse and emarginate at apex, shallowly cordate, penni-

nerved (principal lateral nerves 5 to 7 to a side), thick-coriaceous,

lustrous above, glaucous-pruinose beneath; inflorescence racemose,

the racemes 20 to 60 cm. long, horizontally spreading, floriferous

nearly to base, the pedicels 1.5 to 3 cm. long, subpendulous; flowers

purplish, ‘‘coral pink’’; calyx tube cylindric, 3 to 5 cm. long, 8 to 9

mm. in diameter, ventricose at base; sepals linear-oblong, 1 to 1.5 em.

long, 4 to 5 mm. wide, obtuse; petals slightly shorter and narrower

than the sepals; corona filaments in 2 series, the outer filiform, 3 to 5

mm. long, violet at tips, the inner a ridge of minute, dark violet

tubercles at throat of tube; operculum borne near base of tube,

membranous, erect, about 1 cm. high, fimbrillate in upper third;

evary obovoid, glabrous; fruit obovoid, about 5 cm. long, 3 cm. in

diameter, 6-angled, rose-red; the pericarp hard; seeds obovate, about

7 mm. long and 3.5 mm. wide, coarsely reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Lago do Salgado, near Rio Trombetas, Parad, ©

Brazil.

ILLUSTRATION: Archiv. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 3: pl. 23. 1922.

DISTRIBUTION: British Guiana and Amazonian Brazil.

558 FIELD MusEUM oF NATURAL HistoRY—BOTANY, Vou. XIX

BRITISH GUIANA: Kukenam River, Im Thurn 84 (BG, BM,

K, N). Mt. Roraima, G. H. H. Tate 207 (Y). —

BRAZIL: Amazonas: Rio Branco, Kuhlmann 2803 (Bo, Go, K,

N,S, Ut).—Para: Lago do Salgado, near Rio Trombetas, Ducke 16968

(B, G, Gen, Go, type, N, 8). Upper Cupary River, Krukoff 1141

(Gen, Y).

The foliage of P. longiracemosa is much like that of P. fuchsii-

flora, the shape of the leaves showing the same variation. The

arrangement of the inflorescence of the two is very different. From

other species with a racemose inflorescence P. longiracemosa is

readily distinguished by the very thick leaves, which are strongly

glaucous beneath. :

349. Passiflora securiclata Mast. Kew Bull. 1893: 12. 1893.

Tacsonia spinescens Klotsch in Schomb. Reise Brit. Guian. 1168.

1848, name only.

Passiflora retrorsa Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 14: 116. 1924.

Subscandent, glabrous shrub, the tendrils usually reduced to

recurved spines 1 to 1.5 cm. long; stipules setaceous, soon deciduous;

petioles 1 to 1.5 em. long, those of reduced leaves on floriferous

branches 2 to 4 mm. long; leaves of main branches narrowly oblong,

ovate-oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, 6 to 12 cm. long, 2 to 5.5 em.

wide (those of floriferous branches oval, 2.5 to 3.5 cm. long, 1.5 to

3 cm. wide), obtuse, usually emarginate, rarely bluntly short-acumi-

nate, rounded at base, penninerved (principal lateral nerves 8 or 9

to a side), plainly reticulate-veined, coriaceous or subcoriaceous,

concolorous, lustrous on both surfaces; inflorescence in pseudo-

racemes, the flowering branches 15 to 50 cm. long, slender, some-

times bearing a few reduced blades or more, usually the leaves reduced

to spinelike petioles, the pedicels 5 to 10 mm. long, very slender;

flowers red; calyx tube cylindric, 2 to 4 cm. long, 3 to 5 mm. wide at

throat, ventricose at base; sepals narrowly oblong, 1.5 to 2 em. long,

3 to 4 mm. wide, obtuse; petals similar to the sepals, slightly shorter

and narrower; corona filaments in 2 series, the outer dolabriform, 3

to 4 mm. long, verrucose along one side, the inner filiform, about 0.8

mm. long, capitellate; operculum borne near base of tube, membra-

nous, erect, about 1 cm. long, fimbrillate in upper half; ovary ellip-

soidal, minutely puberulent.

TYPE LOCALITY: Rupununi River, British Guiana.

DISTRIBUTION: Eastern and southern Venezuela, British Guiana

and northern Brazil.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 559

BRITISH GUIANA: Schomburgk 403 (K). Rupununi River, Jenman

5535 (K, type); Schomburgk 377 (B, type of Tacsonia spinescens).

Nappi River, Kanuku Mountains, Myers 5374 (K).

VENEZUELA: Banks of Rio Orinoco, Chaffanjon (P).—Delta Ama-

curo: Vuelta Triste, Rio Manino, Bond, Gillin & Brown 147 (Ph, type

of P. retrorsa).—Angostura: Ciudad Bolivar, Holt & Gehriger 196

(N, Y).—Amazonas: Rio Cassiquiare, Humboldt & Bonpland (BW,

No. 12394). San Carlos, Schwyn 711 (B). Puerto Ayacucho,

Holt & Blake 800 (N).

BRAZIL: Amazonas: Rio Branco, Ule 7707 (B).

In the type specimens of P. securiclata and P. retrorsa the flowers

are detached, and an accurate description of the inflorescence has not

been possible until the more adequate material collected by the

National Geographic Society’s expedition to Venezuela became

available. There is a general resemblance between this species

and P. spinosa, but the leaves are much blunter and of thinner tex-

ture and the corona filaments are dilated.

350. Passiflora spicata Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt. 1: 576.

pl. 109. 1872.

Erect shrub, the tendrils reduced to spines; plant essentially

glabrous throughout except the flowers; stipules soon deciduous;

petioles 0.5 to 1 em. long, biglandular at apex, the glands slightly

elevated; leaves oblong, 10 to 15 em. long, 5 to 8 cm. wide, abruptly

acuminate (tip about 1 cm. long), rounded at base, penninerved

(principal lateral nerves 5 or 6 to a side), coriaceous or subcoriaceous;

inflorescence pseudoracemose, the rachis up to 6 cm. long, 4-6-

flowered, subangular, the pedicels up to 5 mm. long; flowers scarlet;

calyx tube cylindric, 3 to 3.5 cm. long, 0.8 to 1 cm. wide at throat,

ventricose at base, densely rufo-tomentulous; sepals oblong, 2 to 2.5

cm. long, 8 to 10 mm. wide, obtuse, subcoriaceous; petals slightly

shorter and narrower than the sepals; corona filaments in 8 series,

the outermost falcate, strongly dilated at middle, 8 to 10 mm. long,

smooth at margin, those of the 2 inner series liguliform, 4 to 5 mm.

long; operculum borne near base of tube, about 10 mm. high, fila-

mentose nearly to base; ovary oblong, villosulous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Rio Japurdé, Amazonas, Brazil (type collected

by Martius).

ILLUSTRATION: Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt. 1: pl. 109.

DISTRIBUTION: Upper Amazon basin, Brazil.

560 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

BRAZIL: Amazonas: Rio Putumayo, Jobert in 1877-78 (P).

This rare species is best distinguished from its near relatives by

the very fleshy flowers, which have a rather wide tube.

351. Passiflora Holtii Killip, sp. nov.

Frutex subscandens, cirrhis tenuibus, ubique ovario excepto

glaberrimus; folia ovata vel ovato-slanceolata, caudato-acuminata,

valde reticulata, subcoriacea; inflorescentia pseudoracemosa; calycis

tubus anguste cylindricus, sepalis petalisque anguste oblongis,

obtusis; coronae filamenta biseriata, exteriora filiformia, interiora

capillacea, operculum usque ad basin filamentosum, filamentis

erectis; ovarium anguste ovoideum, rufo-sericeum.

Subscandent shrub, the tendrils slender but well developed; plant

glabrous throughout, except the ovary; stipules soon deciduous;

petioles 3 to 5 mm. long, biglandular at apex, the glands scarlike,

inconspicuous; leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 12 to 15 cm. long,

6 to 8 cm. wide, caudate-acuminate (tip about 1.5 cm. long), rounded,

occasionally suboblique, .at base, penninerved (principal lateral

nerves 6 or 7 to a side), conspicuously reticulate-veined, entire, sub-

coriaceous, lustrous; inflorescence pseudoracemose, the rachis 15 to 30

cm. long, floriferous only above middle, bearing a few abortive

leaves, the pedicels 1 to 1.5 mm. long, thick, erect; calyx tube nar-

rowly cylindric, 3.5 em. long, 4 to 6 mm. in diameter, ventricose at

base; sepals narrowly oblong, about 2 cm. long and 5 mm. wide,

obtuse; petals similar and equal to the sepals; corona filaments in 2

series, the outer filiform, about 2.5 mm. long, the inner capillary,

about 1 mm. long; operculum borne just below middle of tube, erect,

filamentose to base, the filaments 4 to 5 mm. long; gynophore slender,

5 em. long; ovary narrowly ovoid, rufo-sericeous.

Type in the United States National Herbarium, No. 1,472,096,

collected at Cucuhy, Rio Negro, State of Amazonas, Brazil, altitude

about 117 meters, February 5, 1930, by E. G. Holt and W. Gehriger

(No. 384).

The National Geographic Society’s expedition to the little

explored region where the frontiers of Brazil, Venezuela, and Colom-

bia meet brought back an exceptionally interesting series of Passi-

floraceae. Although this is the single novelty in the collection, the

other specimens all represent species that are very little known.

Passiflora Holtiw is related to P. spicata and P. pyrrhantha.

From the former, which it resembles in having very short petioles

and long-tipped leaves, it differs in the outer corona filaments being

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 561

filiform rather than falcate-dilated, and in having a more slender

calyx tube and longer racemes. From P. pyrrhantha, which also has

leaves of much the same shape, it differs in the shorter petioles,

narrower, glabrous calyx tube, and more slender sepals and petals.

352. Passiflora pyrrhantha Harms, Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin

9: 977. 1926.

Scandent shrub with a few tendrils, the younger branches puberu-

lous; stipules soon deciduous; petioles 1 to 3 cm. long, biglandular at

apex; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, 10 to 16 cm. long, 6 to 10 em.

wide, acuminulate at apex, rounded at base, penninerved (principal

lateral nerves 5 or 6 to a side), remotely denticulate in upper half,

subcoriaceous, glabrous; inflorescence racemose, the racemes 7 cm.

long or more, short-velutinous, the pedicels 2 to 3 mm. long, thick;

calyx tube cylindric, 4.5 to 5 em. long, nearly 2 cm. in diameter at

throat, ventricose at base, appressed-puberulous, fire-red; sepals

narrowly oblong, about 3 cm. long, 1 cm. wide, obtuse, orange at

middle without; petals subequal to the sepals, fire-red; corona fila-

ments in 2 series, the outer about 6 mm. long, slightly falcate-dilated,

citron-yellow, the inner subulate, very short; operculum borne at

middle of tube, erect, filamentose nearly to base, the filaments about

1.3 em. long; ovary ovoid, velutinous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Puerto Meléndez, Pongo de Manseriche, Loreto,

Peru.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality, in northern

Peru.

PERU: Loreto: Puerto Meléndez, Pongo de Manseriche, Tessmann

4770 (B, type, N).

353. Passiflora spinosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Mast. Trans. Linn. Soc.

27: 680. 1871; in Mart. FI. Bras. 138, pt. 1: 576. 1872.

Tacsonia spinosa Poepp. & Endl. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2: 59. pl. 181.

1835. |

Distephana spinosa M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 199. 1846.

(?)Tacsonia coccinea Barb. Rodr. Vellosia 1: 23. 1891; 3, pt. 1:

pl. 11. 1891. Not Passiflora coccinea Aubl.

Woody vine, the tendrils often reduced to straight or recurved,

stout spines up to 1 cm. long; plant glabrous throughout, except the

ovary; stipules soon deciduous; petioles 1.5 to 2.5 cm. long, thick,

biglandular at apex; leaves oblong, 10 to 17 cm. long, 3 to 9 em.

wide, acuminate, rounded at base, penninerved (principal lateral

562 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

nerves 7 or 8 to a side), coriaceous, lustrous; inflorescence racemose

or pseudoracemose, the racemes up to 25 cm. long, slender, some-

times foliferous, the pedicels solitary or in pairs, 3 to 5 mm. long;

calyx tube cylindric, 4 to 5 cm. long, 6 to 8 mm. wide, slightly ventri-

cose at base, bright red without, paler within; sepals narrowly oblong,

about 1 cm. long, 3 mm. wide, obtuse, bright red; petals similar and

subequal to the sepals; corona filaments in 2 series, yellow, the outer

dolabriform, 3.5 to 4 mm. long, dilated at middle, filiform at apex,

slightly verrucose along one margin, the inner filaments filiform,

about 1 mm. long; operculum borne about 1 cm. above base of tube,

erect, membranous, pinkish yellow, filamentose in upper third;

ovary narrowly oblong, minutely puberulent.

TYPE LOCALITY: Yurimaguas, Peru.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Poepp. & Endl. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2: pl. 181;

(?)Vellosia 3, pt. 1: pl. 11. |

DISTRIBUTION: Colombia; Amazon basin of Peru and Brazil, at —

low elevations.

COLOMBIA: Mutis 3461 (Ma).—Santander: Margarita Creek,

Magdalena Valley, Haught 1430 (N).—Antioquia: Guadual, Kal-

breyer 1402 (B, K). |

PERU: Loreto: Yurimaguas, Poeppig D.2187 (V, type). Between —

Yurimaguas and Balsapuerto, Killip & Smith 28147 (N, Y). —

Caballo-cocha, Rio Amazonas, L. Williams 2458 (F, N). Upper —

Rio Nanay, L. Williams 1134 (N). ;

BRAZIL: Amazonas: Manaos, Spruce 1394, in part (K, P). Rio |

Jurua, Ule 5110 (B), 5832 (B, Gen, Go). Caracarahy, Rio Branco, ~

Kuhlmann 3035 (B, Go, N).—Para: Rio Branco de Obidos, Ducke

21322 (B, N, Ut).

This is the earliest described species within the subgenus Botry- —

astrophea, and here the first note was made of the frequent reduction —

of tendrils to spines. I can find no differences between the Colombian

specimens listed above and typical P. spinosa from northern Peru.

This constitutes an interesting extension of range.

Ducke 21322 agrees closely with the illustration of Tacsonia

coccinea Barb. Rodr. (which should not be confused with Passiflora

coccinea Aubl.), but I am not satisfied that they should be referred

to P. spinosa. The flowers are borne on short branches, not in

elongate racemes; their structure, however, appears to be identical

with that in P. spinosa.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 563

354. Passiflora Rusbyi Mast. Bull. Torrey Club 17: 282. 1890.

Scandent shrub, the tendrils present or reduced to short spines;

plant glabrous throughout, except the flowers; petioles up to 2.5 em.

long, glandless; leaves oblong-lanceolate, 10 to 18 em. long, 4 to 7

cm. wide, acuminate, rounded at base, penninerved (principal lateral

nerves 7 to 9 to a side), membranous; inflorescence pseudoracemose,

the rachis up to 25 cm. long, floriferous in upper third, bearing

reduced, linear-oblong or linear-spatulate leaves about 1 cm. long,

and 2.5 mm. wide; calyx tube narrowly cylindric, 2 to 3 em. long,

puberulent, at length glabrate without, red or red-orange; sepals

oblong, 1 to 1.3 cm. long, obtuse, coriaceous, red or red-orange;

petals slightly shorter than the sepals; corona filaments in 2 series,

the outer narrowly linear, 4 to 5 mm. long, capitellate, yellow, the

inner filiform, about 2 mm. long; operculum borne just below middle

of tube, membranous, erect, filamentose in upper third; ovary

oblong, puberulent.

TYPE LOCALITY: Junction of Beni and Madre de Dios rivers,

Bolivia.

DISTRIBUTION: Upper Amazon basin, Bolivia and Brazil.

BOLIVIA: Beni: Junction of Beni and Madre de Dios rivers,

Rusby 2089 (Y, type).

BRAZIL: Amazonas: Humayta, Rio Madeira basin, Krukoff 6191

(Y), 6503 (Y), 6759 (Y). Rio Embira, Krukoff 4941 (N).—Acre:

Rio Macauhan, Krukoff 5730 (Gen, Y).

In this species the leaves are shaped much like those of P. spinosa,

though they are of much thinner texture. The outer corona fila-

ments are merely capitellate at the apex, not strongly hatchet-shaped

as in P. spinosa. Petiolar glands, quite evident in P. spinosa, are

wanting in P. Rusbyi. The flowers are said to be orange, whereas in

P. spinosa they are bright red.

Krukoff 4941, in fruit, is tentatively referred here. The leaves

are proportionately narrower than in the type, about 20 cm. long

and 5 em. wide. The fruit is subglobose, 4 to 5 cm. in diameter,

yellowish, and glabrescent. The obovate, reticulate seeds are very

large (14 mm. long, 9 mm. wide).

RELATIONSHIP UNCERTAIN

355. Passiflora heterohelix Killip, sp. nov. Figure 2, a.

Planta herbacea, scandens, glaberrima; cirrhi axillares et in

pedunculis; stipulae setaceae; petioli biglandulosi; folia oblonga vel

564 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

oblongo-lanceolata, integerrima, penninervia; pedunculi tenues, bini,

profunde bifidi, ramo altero florifero, altero cirrhoso, pedunculo

altero simplici, ecirrhoso; bracteae 3, liberae, foliaceae, anguste

ovatae; calycis tubus patelliformis; sepala elliptico-ovata, aristata;

petala sepalis paullo breviora; coronae filamenta pauca, linearia,

l-seriata; staminum filamenta antheris breviora; ovarium anguste

ellipsoideum.

Herbaceous vine, glabrous throughout; stem slender, terete,

striate; tendrils slender, of 2 forms, one axillary on the main stem,

the other on one of each pair of peduncles; stipules setaceous, 6 to 8

mm. long, subpersistent; petioles 8 to 10 mm. long, slender, canali-

culate on the upper side, biglandular just below the apex, the glands

sessile, 1 to 1.5 mm. in diameter; leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate,

4 to 11 em. long, 1.5 to 5 em. wide, cuspidate-acuminate, subrotund

at base, entire, obscurely glandular at margin, penninerved (second-

ary nerves about 9 to a side), conspicuously reticulate, coriaceous,

lustrous on both surfaces, drying light green; peduncles slender, 3.5

to 7 em. long, 1-flowered, in pairs, one simple, ecirrhose, the other

bifid, with 1 branch floriferous and the other a tendril; bracts 3, free

to the base, narrowly ovate, 2 to 3 cm. long, 0.5 to 1 cm. wide, obtuse

at the apex, acute and sessile at the base, conspicuously reticulate,

sparingly and obtusely glandular at the margin, chartaceous, sub-

lustrous; calyx tube very short, barely 1 mm. long, about 3 mm. wide;

sepals elliptic-ovate, about 1.5 cm. long, 3 to 6 mm. wide,

' obtuse, 3-nerved (lateral nerves obscure), the midnerve terminating

dorsally in a filiform awn 2.5 to 3 mm. long; petals slightly shorter

and narrower than the sepals, obtuse, very thin; corona consisting

of a few linear filaments 2 to 3 mm. long, apparently in a single

series; filaments of stamens 3 mm. long, the anthers 6 to 7 mm. long;

gynophore about 6 mm. long; ovary narrowly ellipsoidal.

Type in the Herbarium of Field Museum of Natural History,

No. 622,608, collected at Tarapoto, Department of Loreto, Peru,

altitude 750 meters, December, 1929, by Llewelyn Williams (No.

5902). Duplicate in the United States National Herbarium (No.

1,470,181).

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality, in northern

Peru.

Quite possibly this curious plant belongs to an undescribed genus

of Passifloraceae, but the flowers are young and most of them are in

such poor condition that it is impossible to determine the nature or

position of the genital organs, and I am therefore reluctant to base a

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 565

new genus upon it. There appear to be five stamens, with thick

filaments, borne directly upon the calyx, and three styles. One

flower, with a definite gynophore, shows no vestiges of stamens;

another, with five protuberances on the floor of the calyx, which may

be the remnants of stamens, lacks a gynophore. It is impossible to

say whether this is due to some of the parts having become detached

or whether the flowers are unisexual, like those of many species of

the Old World genus Adenia.

From all members of Passiflora this is at once differentiated by

the tendrils and peduncles. The large bracts are like those of certain

granadillas, notably P. nitida and P. riparia, though of a rather

different texture.

It is to be hoped that, as a result of the intensive botanical

exploration of northern Peru, plants with more fully developed

flowers will be collected.

DOUBTFUL SPECIES

Passiflora maculata Sean. in Colla, Hort. Ripul. 101. 1824. —This

was described from a cultivated plant of unknown origin. De

Candolle gave a slightly amplified description in the Prodromus

(p. 824), adding ‘‘In Curacao. Pluk. t. 210, f. 3.—An P. minima Lin.(?)

v. s.” The Plukenet figure, accompanied by the description ‘Flos

Passionis Curassavicus...,’’ almost certainly represents P. sub-

erosa, though no petiolar glands are shown. This inclusion of the

Plukenet reference is apparently the only reason for ascribing P.

maculata to Curagao. The specimen labeled P. maculata in the

De Candolle Herbarium, probably type material, is well preserved,

and clearly does not belong to any of the species treated in the

present monograph. Its vegetative parts are exceedingly well

matched, strange to say, by a specimen, without flowers, in the

United States National Herbarium, bearing the data “Sea beach,

Brunswick Co., N. C., Aug. 5, 1885, G. McCarthy.”’ From the De

Candolle specimen I have drawn up the following description:

Herbaceous vine; stem angulate, sparingly pilose or glabrescent;

stipules setaceous, about 5 mm. long; petioles up to 1.5 cm. long,

glandless; leaves 3-lobed about four-fifths their length (upper ones

less deeply lobed; lobes oblong-lanceolate, 5 to 6 cm. long, 1 to 2 cm.

wide, the lateral often divergent at nearly a right angle from the

middle lobe), subcoriaceous, bright green and glabrous above, paler

and pilosulous on the nerves beneath, white-maculate; peduncles

subequal to the petioles; bracts setaceous; flowers about 1.5 cm. wide;

566 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

petals none; corona filaments apparently in a single series; operculum

membranous, plicate(?).

2. TETRASTYLIS Barb. Rodr. Rev. Engenharia 4: 260. 1882.

Passiflora Sect. Tetrastylis Harms, in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam.

1. Aufl. 1. Nachtr. 256. 1897.

Woody or herbaceous vines, bearing simple, axillary tendrils;

stipules present; leaves alternate, petiolate; flowers in axillary ra-

cemes, or solitary or in pairs in the axils of the leaves; calyx tube

short, patelliform; sepals 5; petals 5, alternate with the sepals,

inserted at margin of tube; corona filamentose; operculum mem-

branous; gynophore elongate, curved; stamens 5, the filaments

monadelphous, united beyond the gynophore into a broad membrane,

only the tips free; anthers oblong, bifid at base; styles 4, united at

very base; ovary oblong, stipitate, obtusely 4-angled; ovules on 4

parietal placentae.

TYPE SPECIES: Tetrastylis montana Barb. Rodr.

The genus Tetrastylis was established by Barbosa Rodriguez in

1882, and to it was assigned a single Brazilian species, Tetrastylis

montana Barb. Rodr. The description of the plant was very com-

plete and was accompanied by an excellent illustration. The prin-

cipal points of difference between this genus and Passiflora, as noted

by Barbosa, were: Tetrastylis: four styles; gynophore curved; stamen

filaments united beyond gynophore, only the extremities free; four

placentae; Passiflora: three styles; gynophore straight; stamen

filaments free from gynophore to extremities; three placentae.

In the first edition of the Natiirlichen Pflanzenfamilien Harms

recognized Tetrastylis as a valid genus, placing it immediately before

Passiflora. In the supplement to this work he created the section

Tetrastylis, in Passiflora, for this species, a course followed in the

second edition.

REFERENCE: Killip, Tetrastylis, a genus of Passifloraceae, Journ.

Wash. Acad. Sci. 16: 865-369. 1926.

Flowers in axillary racemes; leaves entire, coriaceous; stipules fili-

form, soon deciduous; petioles glandular at base; woody vine

(BRA oh he eG erere teen weal) eed OL ae 1. T. ovalis.

Flowers solitary or in pairs in the axils of the leaves; leaves 3-lobed,

membranous; stipules semi-ovate, persistent; petioles glandular

at middle; herbaceous vine (Costa Rica).......... 2. T. lobata.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 567

1. Tetrastylis ovalis (Vell.) Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 16: 367.

1926.

Passiflora ovalis Vell. Fl. Flumin. 9: pl. 75. 1827 (figure only); ex

M. Roemer, Fam. Nat. Syn. 2: 168. 1846.

Passiflora silvestris Vell. sensu Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1:

620. pl. 127. 1872.. Not P. silvestris Vell.

Tetrastylis montana Barb. Rodr. Rev. Engenharia 4: 260. 1882.

Woody vine, glabrous throughout; stem terete, longitudinally

suleate, suberose below; stipules setaceous, 8 to 10 mm. long, soon

deciduous; petioles 2.5 to 4 cm. long, biglandular at base, the glands

orbicular, about 1.5 mm. in diameter, sessile; leaves elliptic or ellip-

tic-oblong, 6 to 10 cm. long, 3 to 5.5 em. wide, not lobed, abruptly

acuminate at apex, acutish at base, entire, usually cartilaginous at

margin, 1-nerved (principal lateral nerves 7 or 8 pairs, arcuate),

conspicuously reticulate-veined, coriaceous, sublustrous; flowers in

axillary racemes up to 75 cm. long, the peduncle short, about 1 cm.

long, stout, 2-flowered, the pedicels 1.5 to 4 em. long, articulate

above middle; bracts and bractlets setaceous, 1 to 2 mm. long,’ soon

deciduous; calyx tube 3 to 5 mm. long; sepals oblong, 2.5 to 3 em.

long, 5 to 7 mm. wide, obtuse, ecorniculate, subcoriaceous, dull red

without (when dry), paler within, longitudinally streaked with

red; petals oblong or lance-oblong, 1.5 to 2 cm. long, 3 to 5 mm. wide,

obtuse, membranous, whitish, longitudinally streaked with red both

without and within; corona filaments narrowly liguliform, in 2 series,

the outer about 1 cm. long, the inner half as long; operculum mem-

branous, closely plicate, incurved, crispate; limen annular, fleshy;

gynophore about 2 cm. long; ovary oblong; fruit ovoid, 6 to 10 cm.

long, 3.5 to 8 em. wide; seeds obovate, 5 to 7 mm. long, 4 to 5 mm.

wide, reticulate.

TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Vell. Fl. Flumin. 9: pl. 75; Mart. Fl. Bras.

18, pt. 1: pl. 127; Rev. Engenharia 4. pl. s. n.

DISTRIBUTION: Common about Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; also in

the states of Bahia and Minas Geraes.

BRAZIL: Bahia: Blanchet 1708 (BM).—Minas Geraes: St. Hilaire

1689 (P).—Rio de Janeiro: Gavea, Glaziou 7859 (B, Cop, K, P).

Restinga de Copacabana, Glaziou 14873 (P); Luschnath (Brux).

Serra da Estrella, Glaziou 8269 (B, Cop, P); Brade 10505 (B). Rio

de Janeiro, Riedel & Luschnath 720 (N); Peckholt 7 (B); De Moura

503 (B); Glaziou 14854 (B, Cop, Gen, K, N, P). Corcovado, Ducke

568 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

& Kuhlmann 16581 (B, N, Ut). Between Paineiras and Jardim

Botanico, L. B. Smith 1415 (G, N).

Velloso’s figure of P. ovalis was unaccompanied by a description or

explanatory notes, and under the rules of nomenclature this does not

constitute valid publication. Roemer, however, gave a detailed

description of Velloso’s plate, and the species must be considered to

date from the publication of this monograph in 1846. In the Flora

Brasiliensis species No. 77 is given as Passiflora silvestris Vell. and

Velloso’s plate 74, bearing this name, is cited. The description

which Masters then gives of this species applies in general, however,

to Velloso’s plate 75 (P. ovalis), and the figure by which Masters

illustrates Passiflora silvestris (pl. 127) agrees almost exactly with

Velloso’s P. ovalis, and bears no resemblance to the plate of P.

silvestris of Velloso. The inflorescence as shown by Masters’ plate

is an elongate raceme, and the leaves are narrowed at the base, with

the petioles biglandular. The detailed enlargement of the flowers

shows four styles but a straight gynophore with the staminal structure

as in true Passiflora. This conventionalized flower sketch I believe

was made from two different plants, one true Tetrastylis ovalis, the

other a species of the subgenus Granadilla.

Masters merely lists Passiflora ovalis Vell. among doubtful

species, stating that only a fruiting specimen was figured.

The identity of P. silvestris Vell. (pl. 74) is uncertain. It may

well be the plant later described as P. Galbana.

2. Tetrastylis lobata Killip, Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 16: 368. 1926.

Stem stout, triangular, grooved, glabrous; stipules in pairs, semi-

ovate, 5 to 15 mm. long, 3 to 8 mm. wide, aristate, entire; petioles 3

to 8 em. long, canaliculate above, hispidulous, bearing near middle 2

subsessile saucer-shaped glands, a second pair occasionally present

at base of blade, the glands 1 to 2 mm. in diameter; leaves 10 to 15

cm. long (along midnerve), 12 to 20 cm. wide (between apices of

lateral lobes), 3-lobed half to two-thirds the length of the blade

(lobes variable, oblong, oblong-lanceolate, or broadly ovate-lanceo-

late, 2.5 to 6 cm. wide, acuminate or acute), cordate, 3-nerved, entire

or slightly undulate, membranous, dark green and minutely hispi-

dulous with hooked hairs above, glabrous (occasionally slightly

scabrous) and mottled with dull, dark red beneath; peduncles solitary

or in pairs, 2 to 3.5 em. long, glabrous or sparingly hispidulous; bracts

setaceous, 2 to 3 mm. long, borne on lower half of peduncle; flowers

3.5 to 6 em. wide; calyx tube patelliform, about 3 mm. long; sepals

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 569

oblong-lanceolate, 1.5 to 2.5 em. long, 4 to 8 mm. wide, sparingly

hispidulous and green without, glabrate and white, or pale rose,

streaked longitudinally with violet within, terminating in a horn

about 2 mm. long; petals ovate-lanceolate, 0.8 to 1.5 em. long, 5 to 7

mm. wide, obtuse, streaked longitudinally with violet on both faces;

corona filaments in a single series, filiform, narrowly ligulate, 1 to 2

cm. long; operculum membranous, deep red, strongly plicate, in-

curved, up to 5 mm. high, minutely denticulate; nectar ring annular,

less than 0.5 mm. high; limen membranous, 1 to 2 mm. high, incurved,

crenulate; gynophore about 1 cm. long; stamens united to within 3

mm. of their tips, forming a membranous androecium, the upper

portion free from the gynophore; ovary narrowly ovoid, obtuse,

tapering at base, glabrous; fruit obovoid, about 10 cm. long, 3 cm.

in diameter, green, white-spotted; seed obovate.

TYPE LOCALITY: La Hondura, San José, Costa Rica.

DISTRIBUTION: Costa Rica, 200 to 1,600 meters altitude.

Costa Rica: Endres 60 (V).—Limon: Plains of Zent, Pittier

16055 (BM, N), 16100 (BM).—San José: La Hondura, 1,200 to

1,400 meters, Standley & Valerio 51917 (N, type, Y). Santa Maria

de Dota, Standley 41796 (N).—Cartago: Orosi, Pittier 16026 (N);

Standley 39673 (N), 39720 (N), 39793 (N). La Estrella, Standley

39352 (N). El Mufieco, Standley & Valerio 51389 (N); Standley &

Torres 51262 (K, N); Standley 33619 (N).—Guanacaste: Tilaran,

Standley & Valerio 44479 (N), 46149 (N); J. Valerio 14 (N).

Two of these specimens (Pitter 16055 and Valerio 14) have

leaves less deeply lobed than are those of the type, and the pubes-

cence is rather denser. The general appearance of Standley 46149

is quite different, the leaves drying a lighter green and the lateral

lobes being much reduced. The flowers of all the specimens cited

seem the same, and the differences in vegetative characters are no

greater than in many species of the family.

3. MITOSTEMMA Mast. Journ. Bot. Brit. & For. 21: 33. 1883.

Scandent shrubs(?); stipules filiform; leaves alternate, short-

petioled; flowers solitary, in pairs, or usually in short, terminal or

axillary racemes; bracts and bractlets subulate; flowers small, herma-

phrodite; calyx much reduced; sepals 4; petals 4, similar to the sepals;

corona filaments in 3 series, those of the outermost series subterete,

those of the second narrowly linear, dilated at each side, the inner-

most filaments spatulate, fimbrillate along margin in the upper part;

operculum none; stamens 8 or 10, inserted on the floor of the calyx

570 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

near the base of the ovary, free, or united. close to the base; anthers

linear-oblong, 2-celled, versatile; gynophore erect; ovary 1-celled,

with 4 parietal placentae; styles 4, distinct to the base; stigmas

reniform-capitate; fruit ovoid.

TYPE SPECIES: Mitostemma Glaziovii Mast.

REFERENCE: Gontscharow, Bull. Jard. Prine. U. S. S. R. 26:

556-558. 1927.

Styles much longer than the ovary (British Guiana).

1. M. Jenmanii.

Styles shorter than the ovary (Brazil).

Ovary glabrous; leaves sharply acuminate at apex.

; 2. M. Glaziovit.

Ovary white-villous; leaves obtuse or obtusely acuminate at apex.

3. M. brevifilis.

Our knowledge of this genus is still altogether too imperfect,

especially in regard to the shape of the corona filaments. The only

adequate specimen in the United States National Herbarium is one of

M. Glaziovii, and from that the description of the corona given above

has been derived. The descriptions of the corona presented by

Masters, Harms, and Gontscharow differ from each other in certain

details. Masters amplified his Latin diagnosis of the corona thus:

“The corona springs from the mouth of the very short flower-tube,

and consists of a large number of separate, threadlike, thick processes

arranged in a triple series; the outermost are terete, acute, fleshy,

reddish orange, somewhat shorter than the petals; next to these is a

series of lobes like those just described, but each has a membranous,

lacerate wing on either side, so that the thick, fleshy thread is, as

it were, a midrib between the two membranous wings; the third and

innermost series consists of a number of oblong processes, wholly

membranous, crisped, and lacerate at the edges.’”’ I believe the

coronal structure is similar in all three species.

Mitostemma is even more like Dilkea than has been supposed; the

presence of a well defined calyx tube to distinguish Dzlkea cannot

be relied upon, inasmuch as the sepals at length separate, leaving a

enlargement of the top of the peduncle.

1. Mitostemma Jenmanii Mast. Journ. Bot. Brit. & For. 21: 34.

1883.

Seandent shrub(?), glabrous throughout; tendrils few, stout;

branches terete or subangular; petioles about 1 cm. long, suberose,

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 571

glandless; leaves oblong or oblong-obovate, 6 to 9 em. long, 3 to 4.5

cm. wide, abruptly narrowed to an obtuse apex, rounded or acutish

at base, entire, penninerved (principal lateral nerves 8 to 10 to a

side), reticulate-veined with scarcely elevated veins, thick-coriaceous,

sublustrous above, dull beneath; flowers about 4 cm. wide, in short,

axillary racemes, the rachis scarcely 5 mm. long, the pedicels 5 to 8

mm. long, articulate near base; bracts setaceous, 1 to 2 mm. long,

2 borne at point of articulation, the third near base of peduncle;

calyx tube short-campanulate; sepals oblong, about 2 cm. long,

0.6 cm. wide, obtuse, reddish orange; petals similar to and slightly

shorter than the sepals; outermost filaments of the corona 8 to 10

mm. long, reddish orange, the inner ones slightly shorter, white;

stamens 1 to 1.3 cm. long; ovary fusiform; styles longer than the ovary.

‘TYPE LOCALITY: Mazaruni River, British Guiana.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality.

BRITISH GUIANA: Mazaruni River, Jenman 622 (BG, K, type).

2. Mitostemma Glaziovii Mast. Journ. Bot. Brit. & For. 21» 34.

1883.

Dilkea Glaziovit Mast. ex Glaziou, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 56,

Mém. 3: 313. 1909.

Seandent shrub, glabrous throughout; tendrils few, stout; stem

terete, purplish; stipules filiform, about 4 mm. long; petioles 1 to 1.5

em. long, stout, glandless; leaves oblong, 6 to 18 cm. long, 3.5 to 7 em.

wide, acute or abruptly acuminate, rounded at base, entire, penni-

nerved (principal lateral nerves 9 to 11 to a side), conspicuously

reticulate-veined, coriaceous, lustrous, without ocellae or occasionally

with 2 glands at base; peduncles solitary, 2.5 to 4 cm. long, articulate

below middle, slightly thickened toward apex; bracts setaceous, one

about 3 mm. long, borne near base of peduncle, 2 half as long, at

point of articulation; calyx tube short-campanulate, 8 to 10 mm.

wide, introrse, green; sepals and petals similar and subequal, oblong,

about 1.5 em. long, 5 to 6 mm. wide, obtuse, white; outermost corona

filaments reddish orange, about 7 mm. long, the others about 5 mm.

long, white; stamens about 1 cm. long; gynophore 5 to 7 mm. long;

ovary ellipsoidal, acute; fruit broadly ovoid, 2 cm. long or more,

acutish.

TYPE LOCALITY: Near Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

ILLUSTRATIONS: Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. 3, 6a: 72. f. 25;

ed. 2, 21: 471. f. 218J.

572 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

DISTRIBUTION: Vicinity of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

BrazIL: Rio de Janeiro: Lagéa dos Peixes, near Cabo Frio,

Glaziou 12741 (Gen, K, type, P); Widgren 1165 (Cop, S). Cor-

covado, Glaziou 6089 (Cop, P, S); Nadeaud in 1862 (P). Mundo

Novo, Kuhlmann 15328 (Bo, K, N, 8, Ut).

8. Mitostemma brevifilis Gontsch. Bull. Jard. Bot. Prine. U. S.

S. R. 26: 557. 1927.

Shrub 90 to 120 cm. high, the branchlets terete, glabrous; tendrils

present; petioles 3 to 4.5 mm. long, glandless; leaves oblong-lanceo-

late, lanceolate, or oblanceolate, 5 to 14 cm. long, 3.5 to 5.5 em. wide,

obtuse or obtusely acuminate, rarely emarginate, narrowed at base,

subrevolute, penninerved, coriaceous, glabrous; flowers solitary (or

in racemes?); bracts linear-setiform, 2 to 3.5 mm. long; calyx tube

broadly campanulate, very short; sepals 4, oblong, 1.5 to 1.7 em.

long, 6 mm. wide, obtuse, sericeo-puberulent, white; petals 4, similar

to and slightly narrower than the sepals, white; corona “blue,” the

2 outer series 8.5 to 9 mm. long, the innermost about 5 mm. long;

stamens 8, the filaments about 8 mm. long, blue; ovary elliptic-

oblong, white-villous; styles shorter than the ovary; fruit subglobose,

5 to 5.5 em. long, about 3 cm. in diameter, densely velutinous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Rio Pardo, southern Brazil.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality.

BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul: Rio Pardo, Riedel 535 (K, type

collection).

I am not certain that this inflorescence should be described as

racemose. In the only specimen which I have seen the lower flowers

are solitary in the axils of the leaves. Perhaps these racemes are

floriferous branches bearing much reduced, caducous leaves.

4. DILKEA Mast. Trans. Linn. Soc. 27: 627. 1871.

Woody vines, subscandent shrubs, or small trees, without tendrils

or rarely with a few poorly developed ones; leaves alternate, petiolate,

simple, penninerved; bracts minute, subulate, borne near base of

pedicels; flowers in axillary or terminal glomerules or short-spicate,

rarely solitary, hermaphrodite, red or white; sepals 4 (or 5?), oblong,

fleshy, united below middle when young to form a cylindric or funnel-

shaped tube, at length separating to the base and readily deciduous,

leaving a very small receptacle; petals 4 or 5, slender, free to the base;

corona 2-ranked, the outer rank consisting of slender, free or nearly

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 573

free filaments, the inner tubular in the lower part, cleft above into

floccose, crispate threads or into segments margined with such

threads; operculum none; stamens 8, equal, hypogynous, free except

at the very base; anthers linear or linear-oblong, versatile; ovary

subsessile or short-stipitate, with 4 parietal placentae; styles 4,

united below the middle, exserted; stigmas reniform-capitate; fruit

globose or ovoid, the pericarp coriaceous; seeds 8 to 10, large, with a

parchment-like covering.

TYPE SPECIES: Dilkea retusa Mast.

This genus apparently is confined to the little explored recesses

of the Amazon basin, and our knowledge of it is still too imperfect to

permit of more than a tentative treatment of the species. Although

the genus itself is a well marked one, readily recognized among

Passifloraceae by the conspicuous fringe of pale, crispate hairs on the

second series of corona filaments, the species are for the most part

poorly defined. Dr. Ducke, who after many years of travel in the

upper Amazon region is more familiar with the living plants than

anyone else, has recently made the interesting suggestion to’ me

that Dilkea is a monotypic genus. I am inclined to think that

further study and collecting will show that the four last species of the

present treatment should be merged in one; the key to these, it will

be observed, is a weak one. Diulkea parviflora, however, seems

clearly distinct.

In describing Dilkea Masters treated two species, D. retusa and

D. acuminata, and in the Flora Brasiliensis he added a third one,

D. Wallisii. A fourth species was described by Barbosa Rodriguez

in 1891, and a fifth one is proposed in the present paper.

According to Masters’ illustration in the Flora Brasiliensis

(pl. 106), P. retusa, P. acuminata, and P. Wallisii appear to have

distinctive leaf outlines, but Ducke has observed (Archiv. Jard. Bot.

Rio de Janeiro 3: 222. 1922; 5: 174. 1930) that D. Wallisii has hetero-

morphic foliage, and his No. 21307 shows this.

Masters’ illustrations show rather prominent glands near the

middle of the petioles, but in neither his generic nor his specific

descriptions does he mention the presence of petiolar glands. In the

material I have examined, including the types of two of Masters’

species, glands normally are not present, though occasionally one or

more of the petioles may bear a pair of scarlike glands.

Masters’ description of the flower tube as cylindric, with the

petals borne at its throat and the corona near its middle, is not sub-

stantiated by the specimens I have at hand. At first the sepals are

574 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

united below the middle to form a tube, but they soon separate and,

together with the petals, stamens, and corona, fall off, leaving a very

small receptacle and the persistent gynophore, ovary, and styles,

the receptacle being little more than the slightly enlarged apex of

the pedicel.

The number of sepals and petals is uncertain. In both his generic

descriptions Masters says there are “4—5’’ of each, but he described

D. retusa and D. acuminata as having five of each. The drawing of

the flowers of D. retusa and D. Wallisii indicates that only four sepals

and four petals are present; no flowers of D. acuminata are shown in

the plate. Mr. N. Y. Sandwith, who has carefully examined the

specimens at Kew for me, writes that two.flowers of the type of

D. retusa have five petals and apparently four sepals, and that the

flowers of D. acuminata are so badly mutilated that no decision is

possible. The well prepared specimens now in the United States

National Herbarium all have four sepals and four petals, the two

outer sepals being nearly twice as wide as the inner ones.

The difference in the description of the corona as given by

Masters and as presented above is largely a matter of definition of

the terms. (See the excellent drawing of Dilkea Johannesii var.

parvifolia Hoehne, Comm. Linh. Tel. Matto Grosso, Annexo 5, Bot.

pt. 5: pl 717.1915.)

Sepals not more than 1.5 cm. long; ovary subsessile (Peru).

1. D. parmflora.

Sepals 2 to 3 cm. long; ovary borne on a short gynophore.

Leaves cuneiform, truncate at the upper margin except for a

short lobe at the center (Peru and Brazil)....... 2. D. retusa.

Leaves ovate, ovate-oblong, or oblanceolate, rounded or acuminate

at apex. :

Fruit ovoid, more than twice as long as wide (Brazil).

3. D. Johannesit.

Fruit globose or spherical. |

Leaves oblanceolate or oblong-oblanceolate, more than 3

times longer than wide; sepals and petals 5 each(?);

fruit globose, about 6 cm. long (Brazil).4. D. acuminata.

Leaves variable, broadly ovate, ovate-oblong, or oblong-

oblanceolate, usually less than 3 times longer than wide;

sepals and petals 4 each; fruit depressed-spherical, about

2.5 cm. long (Peru and Brazil)........... 5. D. Wallisiz.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 575

1. Dilkea parviflora Killip, sp. nov.

Seandens, lignescens, ubique glaberrima; folia obovata, apice

rotundata, basi subrotundata vel subacuta, coriacea; flores pro

genere parvi, albidi, in glomerulis densis subsessilibus, pedicellis

crassis, brevibus; coronae filamenta externa anguste liguliformia,

sepalis subaequalia, interna anguste flabellata; ovarium subsessile.

Woody vine, glabrous throughout; leaves obovate, 15 to 18 cm.

long, 8.5 to 10.5 cm. wide, rounded at apex, subrotund or subacute

at base, entire, coriaceous, lustrous; flowers white, in dense, sub-

sessile glomerules, the pedicels stout, about 2 mm. long; sepals 4,

oblong, 1.2 to 1.5 em. long, the 2 outer 8 to 10 mm. wide, the inner 5 to

6 mm. wide, obtuse; petals 4, as long as the sepals, slightly narrower,

obtuse; corona in 2 series, the outer filamentose nearly to the base,

the filaments narrowly liguliform, about 1.3 cm. long, the second

series cleft nearly to the base into narrowly flabellate segments about

1 cm. long, which are densely crispate-floccose in the upper half;

stamens 8, their filaments about 6 mm. long, united at very base;

anthers linear-oblong, 3 to 3.5 mm. long, nearly 1 mm. wide at base;

ovary subsessile; styles 1.2 to 1.5 em. long, the united portion barely

1 mm. long; stigmas 1.5 to 2 mm. wide.

Type in the United States National Herbarium, No. 1,456,095,

collected at Mishuyacu, near Iquitos, Department of Loreto, Peru,

altitude 100 meters, April 2, 1930, by G. Klug (No. 1158). Dup-

licate at Field Museum.

I hesitate to propose a new species in this genus inasmuch as the

other species may well have to be reduced to one. The flowers,

though fully developed, are much smaller than in the other species;

the gynophore is almost completely lacking; and the anthers are

proportionately broader.

2. Dilkea retusa Mast. Trans. Linn. Soc. 27: 628. 1871; in Mart.

Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 584. pl. 106, f. 1. 1872.

Woody vine, glabrous throughout; petioles stout, 2.5 to 3 cm.

long, glandless; leaves cuneiform, 15 to 20 cm. long, 7 to 11 cm. wide,

at apex truncate, usually retuse toward center with the midnerve

terminating in a very short lobe, at base cuneate, coriaceous, lustrous,

the lateral nerves divaricate at nearly a right angle from the mid-

nerve, slightly ascending, anastomosing into a submarginal nerve;

flowers white, in compact, 6—8-flowered, subsessile glomerules, the

pedicels about 1 cm. long; bractlets subulate, about 0.7 mm. long;

calyx tube campanulate-funnel-shaped, 8 to 12 mm. long, 8 to 10 mm.

576 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

wide at throat; sepals 4 or 5, at first united below middle into a

funnel-shaped tube, at length separating, oblong, 1.5 to 2.5 cm. long,

obtuse, the 2 outer 5 to 6 mm. wide, the 2 inner 3 to 4 mm. wide;

petals 4 or 5, subequal to the sepals, 3 or 4 mm. wide; corona in 2

series, the outer filamentose to the lower quarter, the filaments

liguliform, 2 to 2.5 cm. long, the inner united near base, filiform in

lower half, spatulate-dilated in upper half and margined with floc-

cose, crispate threads; stamen filaments 2 to 2.5 cm. long; anthers

narrowly linear; ovary ovoid, short-stipitate, the stipe stout, about

3 mm. long; styles about 2.5 cm. long, united for about 11 mm.

above the base; stigmas about 2 mm. wide.

TYPE LOCALITY: Manaos, Amazonas, Brazil.

ILLUSTRATION: Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: pl. 106, f. 1.

DISTRIBUTION: Amazon basin of Peru and Brazil.

PERU: Loreto: Mishuyacu, near Iquitos, Klug 1017 (F, N, Y).

BRAZIL: Amazonas: Manaos, Spruce 1320-5 (K, type).

3. Dilkea Johannesii Barb. Rodr. Vellosia 1: 22. 1891; 3, pt. 1:

pl. 10. 1891.

Dilkea Ulei Harms, Verhandl. Bot. Verein. Brandenburg 48: 184.

1906.

(?)Dilkea Johannesii var. parvifolia Hoehne, Comm. Linh. Tel.

Matto Grosso, Annexo 5, Bot. pt. 5: 78. pl. 111. 1915.

Low shrub, with scandent branches, without tendrils or some-

times with a few weak ones, glabrous throughout; petioles 1 to 3 cm.

long, enlarged at base, glandless; leaves oblanceolate or oblong, 12

to 30 cm. long, 6 to 8 cm. wide, abruptly acuminate, attenuate at

base, coriaceous, lustrous, .the lateral nerves divaricate at nearly a

right angle from the midnerve and united into a sinuate, submarginal

nerve; flowers white, in subsessile, axillary or terminal, compact

clusters, the pedicels up to 1 cm. long; sepals 4, at first united into a

cylindric tube, soon separating, linear-oblong, obtuse, 2 to 2.5 cm.

long, the 2 outer about 10 mm. wide, the 2 inner about 5 mm. wide;

petals 4, subequaling the sepals, about 5 mm. wide; corona in 2 series,

the outer filamentose, the filaments narrowly liguliform, 2 to 2.5 cm.

long, the inner tubular, cleft above the middle into lacerate, floccose

segments; ovary ovoid, short-stipitate; fruit ovoid, 7 to 9 cm. long,

about 3 cm. in diameter, acuminate, yellow; seeds ovoid, about 1 cm.

long and 7 mm. wide, slightly compressed.

TYPE LOCALITY: Manaos, Brazil.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 577

ILLUSTRATIONS: Vellosia 3, pt. 1: pl. 10; (?)Comm. Linh. Tel.

Matto Grosso, Annexo 5, Bot. pt. 5: pl. 111.

DISTRIBUTION: Middle Amazon basin, Brazil.

BRAZIL: Amazonas: Manaos, Ule 5381a (B, type of D. Ulei, Go);

Ducke 500 (N). Campina: de Tanacoera, lower Rio Negro, Ducke

11535 (Gen, Go).—Para: Faro, Ducke 3718 (Go), 8460 (Gen, N, P),

8692 (Gen, Go). Obidos, Ducke 12040 (Go).

LOCAL NAMES: “Akuti-kaa,” “paka-rupia.”’

Ducke has observed that the leaves of D. Johannesii are quite

variable, even in an individual plant.

Hoehne’s variety parvifolia may well represent another species.

The illustration shows leaves narrowly oblong or narrowly oblanceo-

late, 8 to 12 cm. long and not more than 2 cm. wide, their lateral

nerves strongly ascending and not at all anastomosing near the

margin.

4. Dilkea acuminata Mast. Trans. Linn. Soc. 27: 628. 1871; in

Mart. FI. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 585. pl. 106, f. 2. 1872.

Scandent shrub, glabrous throughout; petioles 1 to 1.5 em. long,

glandless; leaves oblong-oblanceolate, 15 to 35 cm. long, 4 to 14 em.

wide, abruptly acuminate, attenuate at base, coriaceous, lustrous,

cartilaginous at margin, the lateral nerves divaricate or ascending;

peduncles apparently solitary, 4 to 6 cm. long; flowers white; sepals

4 (or 5?), oblong, about 3 cm. long, obtuse; petals 4 (or 5?), subequal

to the sepals; corona, stamens, and style similar to those of D. retusa;

fruit globose, about 5 em. in diameter, coriaceous.

TYPE LOCALITY: Manaos, Brazil.

ILLUSTRATION: Mart. Fl. Bras. 13, pt. 1: pl. 106, f. 2.

DISTRIBUTION: Amazonian basin of Brazil.

BRAZIL: Amazonas: Manaos, Spruce 1320-3 (K, type).

There are many points of uncertainty regarding this species. It

was first described in the Transactions of the Linnean Society in a

resumé by Masters of his treatment of Passifloraceae for the Flora

Brasiliensis, in press at the time this resumé was published. The

descriptions of both D. acuminata and D. retusa in the Transactions

are much briefer than in the later publication, and do not mention

the fruit, though there is a description of fruit in the generic diag-

nosis. In the Transactions two specimens are cited under D. retusa,

Spruce 1320-5, Barra (i.e., from Manaos), and a Martius plant from

578 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Ega. Under D. acuminata a single collection is cited, Spruce 1320-3,

from the forests of Barra. In the Flora Brasiliensis the Martius

specimen is cited under D. acuminata, not under D. retusa. There is

no description of the fruit of D. retusa in the description in the Flora

Brasiliensis, but the fruit of D. acuminata is described in much detail,

and the accompanying figure of this species shows a leaf and a single

large fruit, which agree perfectly with the description. Both of the

Spruce specimens, the types of these two species, are without fruit.

Hence it is probable that the Martius specimen, which I have not

seen, is a plant in fruit and is the original of the drawing in the Flora

Brasiliensis, and that its citation under D. retusa in the Transactions

was an inadvertent error.

The lateral nerves of the leaf figured in the Flora Brasiliensis as

D. acuminata are much more ascending than in the Spruce type and

they irregularly anastomose toward the margin, in these respects

resembling D. Wallisii. Perhaps too much importance has been

given to the matter of nervation, for there is some variation in the

specimens I am referring to D. Wallisiz, even in individual specimens.

I am assuming for the present that the illustration in question applies

to D. acuminata.

5. Dilkea Wallisii Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: 622. pl. 106,

f.. 8. 1872.

High-climbing, woody vine, glabrous throughout; petioles 1.5 to

3.5 em. long, glandless or bearing near apex 2 sessile, oblong glands

2 to 2.5 mm. long; leaves variable in outline, broadly ovate, ovate-

oblong, or oblong-oblanceolate, 12 to 15 cm. long, 5 to 10 em. wide,

abruptly acuminate at the rounded apex, rounded or cuneate at

base, coriaceous, lustrous, the lateral nerves ascending, irregularly

anastomosing near the margin; flowers white, in sessile glomerules

or short-spicate, the pedicels 1 to 1.5 cm. long; sepals 4, at first

united below middle into a cylindric funnel-shaped tube, soon or

rather tardily separating to the base, oblong, 2.5 to 3 em. long, the

2 outer about 1 cm. wide, the 2 inner about 5 mm. wide; petals 4,

about as long as the sepals; corona in 2 series, the outer filamentose,

the filaments narrowly ligulate, 2 to 2.2 cm. long, the inner mem-

branous at base, filiform below the middle, spatulate-dilated in the

upper half and margined with floccose, crispate threads; stamen

filaments filiform, 2 to 2.5 cm. long; anthers narrowly linear; ovary

ovoid, short-stipitate, the stipe 3 to 4 mm. long; fruit depressed-

spherical, up to 2.5 cm. long, and 4.5 cm. in diameter.

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 579

TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil (described from a drawing made by

G. Wallis).

ILLUSTRATION: Mart. Fl. Bras. 18, pt. 1: pl. 106, f. 3.

DISTRIBUTION: Amazonian basin of Venezuela, Peru, and Brazil.

VENEZUELA: Amazonas: San Carlos, Rio Negro, Holt & Gehriger

292 (N).

PERU: Loreto: Florida, Rio Putumayo, at mouth of Rio Zubineta,

Klug 2100 (N).

BRAZIL: Parad: Obidos, Ducke 16940 (Gen, N). Parad, Ducke

21807 (K, N, Ut).

This species was proposed by Masters in an addendum to the

main treatment in the Flora Brasiliensis, and was based upon a

painting made by Wallis and reproduced in the monograph. Masters

gave no description, merely saying that the species differed from the

other two in the form of the leaves and the nature of the inflorescence.

The specimens cited above exhibit great diversity in leaf shape, a

point mentioned by Ducke. Some of the leaves certainly show Kittle

resemblance to those figured by Masters.

The Peruvian collection is referred here with much hesitation;

it may represent D. acuminata or an undescribed species. The leaves

are exactly oblanceolate, tapering from well above the middle to the

base, and there is almost no distinct petiole. The blades are 28 to 37

cm. long and 9.5 to 14 em. wide at the widest point. Their nervation

agrees well with specimens of D. Wallisii at hand, and the flowers

do not show any important differences. Klug states that his speci-

mens were from a tree about 3 meters high, whereas Ducke empha-

sizes the fact that D. Wallisii is a vine climbing very high. Mature

fruit of the Peruvian plant is necessary.

NEW SPECIES, VARIETIES, COMBINATIONS, AND NAMES

PAGE

Dilkea parviflora Killip, sp.nov. ....... (ie eee Oe

Passiflora andina Killip, nom. nov. . . . 256

Rathea floribunda Karst., not Passiflora floribunda Tr. &

Planch.

Passiflora arida var. pentaschista Killip, var. nov. . . . . 470

Passiflora arida var. cerralbensis Killip, var.nov..... . 470

Passiflora canescens Killip, sp. nov. ........... 416

Passifiora cirrhipes Killip, sp. nov... 2. & 6 te ets 522

580 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

PAGE

Passiflora foetida var. acapulcensis Killip, var. nov. . . . 487

Passiflora foetida var. arizonica Killip, var. nov. . ... . 490

Passiflora foetida var. Eliasii Killip, var. nov... . . . . 503

Passiflora foetida var. fluminensis (M. Roemer) Killip,

comb. nov. .. . ee ee re eee ee

Dysosmia fluminensis M. Pocnee

Passiflora foetida var. galapagensis Killip, var. nov. . . . 505

Passiflora foetida var. Gardneri Killip, var. nov... .. . 502

Passiflora foetida var. Glaziovii Killip, var. nov. . . . . . 503

Passiflora foetida var. hibiscifolia (Lam.) Killip, comb.

BOW a: 54 sl? phen headin oe ae ne SAGO ane Tarte Mes OO

Passiflora hibiscifolia Lam.

Passiflora foetida var. isthmia Killip, var. nov. . . . 5 wi AOE

Passiflora foetida var. longipedunculata Killip, var. nov. . 487

Passiflora foetida var. muralis (Barb. Rodr.) Killip, comb.

MOVE eo 0 PP es SES ee et ears be ae ae a ee

Passiflora muralis Barb. Rodr.

Passiflora foetida var. oaxacana Killip, var. nov. ... . . 489

Passiflora foetida var. parvifolia Killip, var. nov. .. . , 501

Passiflora foetida var. polyadena (Griseb.) Killip, dene.

OVS 6 Gime a cha Sees Bo Bes. oad Sent) er)

Passiflora ciliata var. polyadena Griseb.

Passiflora foetida var. quinqueloba (Griseb.) Killip,

COMDENOV ce 5b ea he Seca eee es, A 511

Passiflora ciliata var. qunoieloba Gach:

Passiflora foetida var. riparia (C. Wright) Killip, comb.

NOVc2 ss Swe Re ee Ene ee 510

Pussitors cae var. riparia te Wiehe:

Passiflora foetida var. sanctae-martae Killip, var. nov. . . 502

Passiflora foetida var. santiagana Killip, var. nov. . . . . 491

Passiflora foetida var. tepicana Killip, var.nov.. ..... 501

Passiflora frutescens Ruiz & Pavén, sp. nov. ....... 527

Passiflora glaucescens Killip, sp. nov... ........ 189

Passiflora grandis Killip, sp. nov... ....... fe agin ak

Passiflora Haughtii Killip, sp. nov. .......2.2... 519

Passiflora heterohelix Killip, sp. nov. .......... 563

Passiflora Holtii Killip, sp. nov... .......: RASS as Oe

AMERICAN PASSIFLORACEAE 581

Passiflora micrantha Killip, sp.nov... ....2.2.2.2.. 196

Passiflora mixta var. eriantha (Benth.) Killip, comb. nov. . . 298

Tacsonia ertantha Benth.

Passiflora Mutisii Killip, sp. nov. . .........2.. 529

Passiflora Palmeri var. sublanceolata Killip, var. nov.. . . 465

Passiflora porphyretica var. angustata Killip, var. nov. . . 231

Passiflora Purdiei Killip, sp. nov. ......4.2.2.2.2.. 273

Passiflora putumayensis Killip, sp. nov. ......2.2.. 532

Passiflora quadriglandulosa var. involucrata (Mast.)

Kui Comp, NOV bi a ec tea aes 319

Passiflora vitifolia var. involucrata Mast.

Passiflora quercetorum Killip, sp.nov... ........ 113

Passiflora quindiensis Killip, nom. nov. ......... 261

Passiflora elegans Tr. & Planch., not Mast.

Passiflora rosea (Karst.) Killip, comb. nov. ........ 278

Poggendorffia rosea Karst.

Passiflora rugosissima Killip, sp. nov. ......... ’ 297

Passifiora setulosa Killip, spsnove- 2) 6 a52 205 Sa 515

Passiflora stenosepala Killip, nom. nov. ......... 145

Passiflora Swartz Mast., as to description

Passiflora Trianae Killip, nom. nov. ........... 272

Passiflora trisecta Planch. & Linden, not Mast.

Pasaifiora: vestita Killip, sp. nov... .- 95. %-60 2s we as 473

Passiflora vitifolia var. bracteosa (Karst.) Killip, comb.

OV ils Mien AV et ek Ge ae teat hy te RAS eG Aes, oS oe. 322

Passiflora servitensis var. bracteosa Karst.

ADDENDUM

Psilanthus Juss. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6: 396. 1805 (doubtful

publication) (as synonym of Psilanthus, p. 27).

P. erubescens Macf. Fl. Jam. 2: 154. 1850 (as synonym of P.

rubra, p. 218).

LIST OF EXSICCATAE -

The numbers in parentheses refer to the species number in the text.

Abarca 332 (301jj).

Abbott 170, 178, 414 (110); 507 (125);

548 (301jj); 1140 (125); 1469, 1715a,

1724 (9); 1751 (110); 1755 (301b);

1918, 2205 (125); 2364 (88); 2507

(9); 2669 (203); 2694 (125); 2719

(203); 2782, 2787, 2822 (110); 2834

mtr 2835 (110); 2836 (203); 2873

10).

Abraham 138 (286); 232 (845).

Acufia 3764 (301b); 4417 (110); 5166

(128); 5167 (301i); 5168 (124); 8826

(301b); 8882 (301kk); 8883 (2).

Aguilar 165 (82); 357 (301b).

Alexander 4722 (01a).

Allard 175 (282).

Allart 224 (801a); 340 (233); 466 (198).

Allen 355 (112).

Altamirano 1743 (20).

Anderson 1586 (48).

Andersson 124 (191); 161 (301z).

André 78, p.p. (81); 78, p.p, 154 (82);

234, 270 (187); 309 (144); 1011, p.p.

(67); 1011, p.p. (68); 1011, p.p. He

1029 (221); 1070: (200); 1110: (75):

1626 (301b); 1739 (286); 1807, p.p.

(69); 1807, p.p. (75); 1945 (815);

2058 (145); 2059 (198); 21438bis (118);

2280 (134); 2828, p.p. (68); 28238,

p.p. (69); 2418 (109); 2518 (69);

2584, 2568 (281); 28388 (68); 2882

(4); 3352 (818); 8478 (69); 3654

(144); 3679 (138); 3733, 3904bis

(281); 4012 (166); 4034 (191); 4066

(98); 4068 (191); 4142 (801a); 4143bis

(81); 4227, p.p. (311); 4227, p.p.

(312); 4446 (135).

Andrieux 171 (801b); 235, 308 (21); 367

(801b); 369 (21)

Anisits 1863 (54; 1905 (801la); 2064

(56); 2081 (54); 2195 (30le); 2271

(228); 2287 (296).

Anthony, A. W. 333 (297b).

Anthony & Tate 350 (178).

Apollinaire Marie 308 (147).

Appun 870 (33); 2080 (60); 2178 (881).

Archer 152, 370 (9); 444 (301a); 759,

1009 (9); 1018 (111); 1041 (9); 1109

(177); 1246 (76); 1436 (187); 1498

(198a); 1852 (195); 1902, 2084 (4);

2087 (195); 2167, 2217 (187); 2291,

2305 (220); 2428 (185); 2474 (181);

2526 (801a); 2649 (83); 2654 (3011);

2768 (218); 2785 (83); 2878 (8011);

8044 (3801j); 3182 (82); 3220 (172);

8284 (109); 3309 (110); 3401 (166);

8608 (102); 3960 (196); 3977 (301gg);

4455, 4592, 4614 (260); 4619 (276);

4761 ee): 4850 (54); 4942 (260);

4948 (29

ie 47 (301h).

Ariste Joseph 908 (67); A162 (147);

A511 (67); B34, B36 (147); B38 (67);

B42 (172); B63 (287); B71 (148);

B87 (195); B110 (67); B111 (195);

B112 (178); B120 (172).

Arséne 1121, 1856 (20); 23829 (260);

$348 (198); 5563, 5926 (269); 5962

(28); 6316 (301b); 7353 (16); 10100,

10174 (20); 11681, 11753 (48).

Bach 4143 5158); 4147 (181).

Bacle 30 (26

Bailey 106 155); 183 (110); 204 (88);

225 (294); 1608 (112); 12379 (110);

15109 (9); 15148 (128); 15150 (110);

15223 (131); Ta, Tb (195).

Bailey & Bailey 108, 221 (187); 227

(801la); 258 (54); $11 (82); 385

(301m); 755 (244); 1144 (341); 1154

(198); 1156 (188); 1165 (233); 1257

(303); 1773 (801ii).

Bain 109 (48).

Baker 67 (185); 74 (80lee); 83 (220);

93 (238); 843 (30lee); 1952, 2485

(9); 2588 (292); 8379 (9); 8777 (1);

4129, 4155, 4236 (9); 4942 (301kk);

ar 5818 (9); 7282 (269); 9228

Baker & Abarca 3700 (227); 3722 (9).

Balansa 2199 (19); 2200 (296); 2201

a 2202 (278); 2203 (260); 2204,

Dp. (228); 2204, p.p. (260); 2205

(oa) 2206 (801le); 2207 (301h); 2208

Ba ae Es (9).

Ball 421 (232).

Bang 224 Sarr! 812 (185); 880 (165);

Izoi; (289); 1251, p.p. (801b

1517 (59): 1556 (183); 1557 (185);

1656 (343); 2008 (801b); 2198 (195);

2441 (262); 2836 (110).

Barclay 866 (83); 989 (187); 1108

(801b); 1966 (121); 1976 (12); 2457

(301a); 2458 (191).

Barreto 863 (264); 867, 868, 870 (248);

874, (254); 875 (188); 877, 878, 880

(102); 885 (885); 887 (188); 1387

(196); 1522, 1604 (188).

Bartlett, A. W., 140 (286); 8596 (186).

Bartlett, ish H., 10729 (301¢); 10777

(44); 10987 (801c); 11016 (8); 11094

(93); 11446 (82); 11927 (801q); 12011

(6); 12025, 12074 (82); 12082 (224);

582

LIST OF EXSICCATAE

12180 (111); 12270 (6); 12360, 12510

(82); 12691 (108); 12755 (6); 12788

(294a); 12882 (801ff); 12840 (231);

13004, 13038 (224); 13080 (118).

Bauer 160 (9).

Bélanger 263 (186); 431 (195); 631

(203); 634 (99); 811 Ue

Be aesalanenes (Jard. Bot.) 17907

Benoist 2102 (69); 2159 (176).

Benzon 2098 (301)).

Berlandier 112 (224); 114 (82); 183

(224); 209 (801r); 406 (282); 2154

(301b); 2265, 3046 (44).

Bernoulli & Cario 2821 (801q).

ain 512 (266); 518, 515

Bilimek 152 (301b).

a ie 120 (801x); 121, 122 (9); 298

(82).

Biltmore Herbarium 739, 739a-f (48);

1326, 1326b, 1326c (282).

Biolley 14026 (61).

Blake 7595 (6).

Blanchet 10 (223); 16 (801a); 147 (222);

156 (52); 159 (58); 252, 291 (301a);

303 (246); 432 (196); 438 (223); 608

(301a); 665 (246); 874 (801n); 969

(233); 1420, 1510 (246); 1567 (248);

zi sae (Tetrastylis ovalis); 1747, 3303

(235).

Blaumer 1081 (301)).

Boldingh 192 (9); 249 (218); 271 (9);

290 (218); 313, 314, 342, 490, (9);

526 (213); 690, 718, 837 (9); 1488,

1494 (110); 1668 (9); 1764, 2024

(110); 2048 (3011); 2217 (110); 2272

(218); 2721, 2734, 2757, 2764, 2834,

2871 (9); 3292 (110); 3333 (213);

8498 (9); 4701 (301)); 4726, 4926,

5107 (9); 6218 (301)j); 6515, 7042 (9);

7107 (301j); 7268, 7396 (9); 7407

(301)).

Bond, Gillin & Brown 147 (349).

Bonpland 758 (271); 3199 (171).

Boon 1011 (181); 1090, 1118, 1207

(831); 1259 (185).

Bornmiiller 600 (260).

Botteri 996 (301b).

Boughton 26, 29 (88); 31 (130); 35 (129).

Bourgeau 1897 (38); 2099 (82); 2229

(224); 2336 (301q); 2437 (269); 2438

(301r); 2718 (82); 3168, 3262, 3263

(111); 3279 (38); 3337 (118).

Bovell 21 (3011).

Bowie & Cunningham 12 (226); 82

(235); 97 (189).

Brace 198 (9); 228 (299); 305 (1); 455

(298); 487 (82); 1518 (9); 1597 (128);

1664, 1762, 1809 (82); 1955 (9); 4090

(298); 4110 (9); 4195 (128); 4414 (9);

4609 (298); 4687 (128); 4774 (9);

583

4943 (128); 5022 (299); 5099 (128);

5191 (299); 5272 (1); 6705 (128);

6710 (1); 6778, 6825 (128); 6861

(299); 7087 (128); 7101 (299).

Brade 391 (208); 2329, 2378 (28); 2407,

2567, 2582 (187); 5524 (802); 5525

(109); 5526 (52); 6094 (56); 6095

(335); 7392 (298); 7893 (52); 7395

(54); 8336 (264); 9493 (253); 9850

(5); 10505 (Tetrastylis ovalis).

Brandegee 228 (297b); 1231 (97); 9532

(301b).

Bray 164 (8).

Brenes 105 (6); 5747, 5764, 5951, 6131

(15); 6158, p.p. (9); 6158, p.p. (82);

6778 (61); 11392, 11899 (15); 12260

(195); 12704 (205); 18675 (9).

Brenning 233 (191).

British Guiana Herb. (Georgetown)

180 (x235); 181 (12); 182 (218); 135

(10); 136 (54); 187 (12); 189 (10);

4495 (220).

Britton, E. G., 407, 463 (9); 2880

(801ff); 3301 (110); 3322 (9); 3331

(la); 6415 (9); 6472 (la); 6480 (128);

6585 (1a).

Britton, N. L., 50 (110); 55 (299); 83

(2); 119 (233); 158 (9); 264 (88); 357

(1); 858 (122); 418 (110); 611, 1068

(2); 1209 (127); 1834 (8011); 1568

(110); 1891, 1972 (301i); 2019 (9);

2370 (80111); 2456, 2681 (285); 2879

(8011); 3134 (110); 3246, 3453 (2);

8964, 4184 (129); 6635 (801a).

Britton & Brace 271 (110); 392 (299);

697 (8011).

Britton & Britton 2184 (301la); 2467,

2898 (33); 7118 (1).

Britton, Britton & Brown 2747 (206);

5909 (8011); 6787 (1), 6973 (208).

Britton, Britton & Cowell 12505 (131);

12546, 12662 (301i); 12839 (1); 12845

(2); 12852 (301i); 18155 (80111).

Britton, Britton & Hess 2607, 2756 (38).

Britton, Britton & Kemp 33 (283).

Britton, Britton & Marble 2244 (3011).

Britton, Britton & Shafer 28 (9); 415

(110); 584 (9); 675 (80111).

Britton, Britton & Wilson 5511 (30111);

5581 (1); 6086 (30111); 14252 (1);

15456 (301b); 15476 (225).

Britton & Brown 23 (9).

Britton & Cowell 103 (110); 252 (3011);

824 (110); 937 (126); 1398 (38); 1426

(1); 10193 (131).

Britton, Cowell & Brown 4637, 5030

(9); 5539 (126).

Britton, Cowell & Hess 1871 (3011).

Britton, Cowell & Shafer 13058 (2).

Britton & Earle 6540 (301b).

Britton, Earle & Wilson 5886 (30111).

584 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Britton, Freeman & Nowell 2602 (197);

2613 (186).

Britton, Freeman & Watts 2679 (206).

Britton & Hazen 732 (38); 1605 (110);

1924 (197).

Britton, Hazen & Mendelson 672 (301a).

Britton & Hollick 1750 (801a); 2226

: 4)

i re & Marble 1216 (110); 1228 (9).

Britton & Mendelson 836 (213).

Britton & Millspaugh 2102 (299); 2189,

2463 (9); 2825, 5665 (298); 5833

(299); 5880 (128); 5926, 5988 (298);

6174 (9).

Britton & Shafer 226 (9); 563 (213); 584

(110); 587 (9); 706 (3011); 907 (1);

1698 (110); 2019 (38); 2970 (301));

2975 (9).

Britton, Stevens & Hess 2588 (126).

Britton & Wheeler 38 (9); 117 (801]).

Britton & Wilson 130 (9); 427 (30111);

4905 (110); 5698 (80111); 5714 (181).

Broadway 244 (301a); 285, 291, French

Guiana series (9); 291, Venezuela

series (213); 340, 374 (9); 384 (181);

494 (218); 541 (185); 748 (218); 764

(181); 780 (185); 966 (8011); 1482

(186); 1720 (9); 2216 (197); 2574

(285); 2657 (206); 2846 (60); 3117

(285); 3580 (301a); 3591 (285); 4476

(3011); 4542 (197); 6099 (33); 6368

(218); 6725 (33); 6995 (110); 7199

(206); 7706 (197); 7726 (9); 9124

(197).

Brown 29 (110); 115 (9); 269 (2); 363,

384 (127); 718 (9).

Brown & Britton 406 (232); 873, 899,

974, (298); 1726 (283).

Brown, Britton & Bisset 2065 (233);

2153 (260).

Brown, Britton & Seaver 1134 (298).

Brown, Britton & Worthley 1774 (233);

1782 (283); 1783 (260).

‘Bryant 4 (9); 53 (3011).

Buch 106, 167 (110); 192 (301b); 263

(110); 693 (88); 1571 (88); 1947 (128);

2153 (91).

Buchtien 113, 228 (198); 229 (264); 636

(110); 903 (250); 906 (242); 1675

(56); 1676 (201); 1677, 1920 (185);

2389 (301b); 2896 (184); 3851 (201);

3852, 3872 (110); 4057 (301b); 4356,

(290); 4650 (172); 4651 (78); 4652

(258); 5473 (198); 6002 (185); 6003

(56); 6004 (184); 7884 (195); 8135

(198); 8991, 8992 (184).

Burchell 1542 (246); 1838 (338); 2457

(54); 2552 (109); 2906 (246); 3226

(233); 3919 (241); 3989, 4143, 4316

(302); 5904 (102); 6988 (56); 8537

(263); 9096 (109); 9303 (181); 9504

(214); 9963 (197); 9988 (214).

B. W. (Boschwezen, Surinam Forestry

Bureau) 708 (286); 838 (195); 978

(181); 1036 (58); 1080 (218); 3465,

8474, 5125 (185); 5865 (345); 5818

(181); 6294 (286).

Cabrera 254a (54).

Calderén 52 (195); 198 (801b); ‘551

(198); 634 (801b); 705 (205); 810

(46); 829 (6); 851 (109); 1659 (112);

2004 (46); 2222 (44); 2317 (48); 2362

(12); 2438 (109).

Calot 60 (272).

Campbell 6291 (127).

Campos Novaes 841 (244); 842 (233);

845 (239); 850 (18).

Cardenas 3184 (160); 3185 (173); 3397

(193).

rt 118 (187); 436 (256a); 601

Chaffanjon 233 (801ii); 256 (221).

Chamberlain, Barnes & Land 54 (25).

Chandler 7000 (301b).

Chanek 1 (801r); 2 (111); 8 (118); 4

(6); 42 (224).

Chapman 869 (48).

Chase 8250 (233); 8459 (340); 8618

(109); 8629 (196); 8801 (109); 9201

(52); 9262 (9); 9451 (52); 9460 (264);

9461 (52); 9548 (229); 9631 (109);

10125 (189); 10147 (246); 10201,

10216 (188); 10802 (56); 10860 (228);

11060 (109); 11092 (54); 11093 (278);

11111 (228); 11517 (109); 12163 (265).

Chaves 332 (44).

ChAvez 129 (160a).

Chickering 41 (224); 52 (84).

Christ 1681 (88); 1758, 1758b (123);

2058 (125); 2059, 2084 (110); 2220

(125); 2226 (269).

Claren 11812 (272).

Claussen 33 (265); 62 (884); 147 (228);

376 (102); 377 (291); 378 (264); 379,

380 (188); 382 (228).

Clément 46 (110); 173 (301i); 563 (131);

566 (88).

Clover 191 (301b); 1603, 1700 (44).

Clute 218 (2).

Coker 70 (299); 274 (110); 282 (8011).

Coker & Rowland 674 (285).

Collanette 184 (834).

Collins, F. S., 235 (9).

Collins, G. N., 63 (195); 82 (283).

Collins, Kearney & Kempton 92 (297a);

188 (295); 284, 284A (294).

Combs 44 (80111); 50 (9); 279 (110);

304 (9); $18 (181).

Conzatti 12 (111); 152 (301b); 184, 241

(301lee); 584 (28); 1834a (21); 2183

(9); 2184 (269); 2242 (801b); 4419%

(9); 4492 (12); 4501 (121); 4545 (117).

LIST OF EXSICCATAE

Conzatti & Gonzales 18 (301b); 235

(28); 1196 (21).

Conzatti, Reko & Makrinius 3267 (12).

Cook 15 (110); 48 (9).

Cook & Collins 3038, 374 (110); 440

(38).

Cook & Doyle 79 (212).

Cook & Gilbert 228 (160); 270 (172);

475 (160); 814 (198); 824 (180); 828

(173); 1085 (287); 1848, 1824 (173).

Cook & Griggs 593 (119); 781 (199).

Cook & Martin 67 (118); 142 (111).

Cooper 5778 (111).

Con 58, 59 (9); 61 (801b); 62, 63

Coville 128 (232).

Cowell 42 (187); 59 (200); 169 (54); 393

(301m).

Cowles 141 (38).

Crawford 115 (9); 419 (200); 463 (187);

485 (200); 605 (801a); 628 (187);

631 (127); 680, 681 (9); 690 (129);

691 (38); 701 (110); 787 (9); 738

(110); 742, 759 (9); 788 (129); 802

(203); 824 (9); 837 (3011).

Croft 64 (8).

Cuatrecasas 2006 (256); 3242 (173);

8243 (82); 3244 (269); 3245 (6); 3246

(195); 3248 (148).

Cuesta 218 (270).

Cufodontis 193 (187); 404 (120).

Cuming 50 (160); 202 (193); 562, 565

(160); 1046 (301b).

Curran 30 (221); 643 (335).

Curran & Haman 205 (9); 479 (301));

1035 (207).

Curran & Miller 152 (226).

Curtiss 42 (3011); 43 (128); 56 (110);

167 (1); 195 (195); 209 (299); 388

(301b); 552 (9); 971 (282); 978, 974

(9); 975 (1); 4831, 4834 (232); 5641

(9); 6528 (43).

Cutter, Small & Carter 731 (9).

Czermak 153 (54); 640 (233).

Dahlgren 949 (181); 950 (228).

Dahlgren & Sella 58 (831); 62 (54);

401 (8010); 682 (88); 758 (185);

760 (336).

Daniel 536 (3); 941 (109).

Dash 518 (9).

Davies 1024 (186).

Davis 1994 (48); 7883 (232).

Dawe 89 (315); 57 (77); 67 (64); 69

(301b); 170 (147); 299 (160); 305

(173); 332 (94); 347 (64); 353 (67);

855 (176); 443 (187); 496 (221); 516

(301b); 771 (68); 839 (110); 890 (82);

920 (200); 954 (54); 960 (221).

Deam 10 (6); 66 (82); 6028 (301q);

6193 (9); 6336, 6358 (12).

585

De la Cruz 973 (286); 989 (220); 1060

(185); 1169 (8011); 1184 (181); 1218,

1247, 1274 (8011); 1832 (58); 1548

(185); 1625 (220); 2174 (3011); 2317

(185); 2473 (181); 2504 (220); 2632

(33); 2701 (185); 2844 (83); 2876

(3011); 2879, 2918 (185); 2963 (215);

8049 (3011); 3133 (186); 3161 (8011);

3298 (195); 3337 (8011); 3411 (58);

8538 (220); 3621 (807);3742 (33) ;3744

(3011); 3753 (185); 3879 (33); 3917

(185); 4021 (8011); 4191 (220); 4249

(286); 4299 (8011); 4474 (181); 4499

(185); 4578 (220).

De la Sagra 8 (227); 197 (80111); 314,

566 (227); 1369 (9).

Delgado 21 (2338).

De Moura 150 (5); 503 -(Tetrastylis

ovalis); 504, 505 (264); 506 (52).

Dombey 734 (9); 785 (95); 736 (81);

737 (301b); 738 (196); 739 (198);

740 (260); 742 (79); 748 (160); 744

(158); 746 (178).

Don 131 (801a).

D’Orbigny 452 (198); 563 (81).

aa 2367 (3010); 2518 (228); 2660

Dryander 84 (203); 162 (195);/ 959

(801a); 1059 (166); 1075 (198).

Duchemin 82 (125).

Ducke 325 (332); 500 (Dilkea Johan-

nesii); 528 (58); 648 (136); 675 (332);

1343 (56); 2137 (260); 3314 (58);

3718 (Dilkea Johannesii); 3859 (58);

8367 (327); 8460, 8692 (Ditlkea

Johannesii); 10528 (214); 10956 (185);

11535, 12040 (Dilkea Johannesii);

14637 (185); 14644 (186a); 14647

(331); 16940 (Dilkea Wallisit); 16968

(348); 17385 (186); 17338 (216);

21230 (186a); 21307 (Dilkea Wallisit) ;

21312 (251); 21813 (233); 21322

(353); 28558 (186); 23559 (827);

24040 (831); 24041 (185); 24043

(328); 24044 (216); 24045 (252).

Ducke & Kuhlmann 16581 (Tetrastylis

ovalis).

Dugand 1113 (801x).

Dugés 320 (20).

Dunlap 422 (200); 474, 526 (187).

Dupre 1580 (10).

Dusén 97 (264); 233 (246); 612a (196);

851a (334); 1014a (196); 1171a (54);

2099 (233); 2679 (302); 3037 (260);

3048 (276); 3085 (54); 3772 (52);

4237a (306); 4418 (251); 5062 ony

5083 (244); 5090 oes) 5154 (244);

6638 (233); 6672 (258); 6783 (233);

7263 (298); 7857 (54); 7583 (302);

8252, 8301 (265); 8809 (253); 8831

(384); 8963 (194); 9371 (260); 9399

(276); 9891 (109); 9899 (52); 9960

586 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

(9); 10928 (258); 11066 (260); 11325

(802); 11472 (52); 11494 (251); 11631

(109); 11860 (265); 11893 (109);

12106a (834); 18820, 13328 (194);

18574 (109); 13821 (251); 14078

(306); 14119 (804); 14154, 14217

(196); 14392 (52); 15111 (802); 15487

(265); 15512 (233); 15932 (9); 16521

(835); 16569, 16906 (293); 16964

(804); 17333 (836); 17463 (253);

17464 (804); 18020 (9).

Duss 435 (186); 442 (71); 599 (203);

600 (110); 603 (197); 604 (213); 605

(101); 606 (8011); 871, p.p. (99);

871, p.p. (101); 872 (110); 873, 874

(9); 875 (288); 878 (197); 879, p.p.

(203); 879, p.p. (218); 882 (197); 884

(195); 885a-c, 1086a (8011); 2227

(99); 2228 (101); 2229 (203); 2230

(3011); 2231 (110); 2282 (197); 3249

(213); 3605 (101); 3616 (9); 3647

(301a); 3779 (195); 3871 (99); 3909,

8929, 4690 (9).

Earle 83 (801i); 611 (801b); 1649

(301i); 2849 (301b).

Earle & Wilson 1575, 2409 (9).

Eaton 407 (9); 668 (88).

Edwan 1750 (246); 1956 (196).

Eggers 765 (213); 962 (110); 1372

(197); 2701 (218); 2814 (110); 2857

(298); 3927, 3927a, 4050 (128); 4070

(225); 4235 (110); 4406 (9); 4442

(299); 4618 (301i); 4756 (38); 4873

(9); 5061 (110); 5805 (301jj); 5513

(801a); 5583 (285); 5949 (60); 6048),

6078 (186); 6958 (213); 7040 (8011);

138440 (9); 138530, 14427 (9); 14433

(240); 14486 (275); 14597 (8011);

15101 (83); 15287 (9); 15270 (81);

15465 (3011); 15469 (281); 15582

(81); 15583 (9); 15584 (110); 15718

(?) (9); 16015 (801)).

Ehrenberg 69 (36); 301 (8011); 303

(213); 1084 (97).

Ekman 474 (38); 822 (9); 984 (3801b);

950, 1481, 1511, 1512 (9); 1518 (54);

1985 (801b); 1986 (110); 2025, 2069

(9); 2203 (203); 2230 (801kk); 2255,

2470 (84); 2612 (218); 2696, 2708

(9); 2747 (2); 2902 (301i); 3114 (88);

8116a (85); 3116b, 3174 (86); 3256,

3428 (131); 3479 (128); 3696 (1a);

3718 (9); 4166 (1); 4167 (128); 4204

(213); 4333 (124); 4341 (195); 4498

(1); 4787, 4925, 5045 (9); 5047 (38);

5636 (270); 5663, 5665 (9); 5864, 5881

(110); 6139 (301kk); 6253 (2); 6319

(801kk); 6490 (2); 6503 (195); 6579

(1); 6646, 7263 (110); 7440 (301kk);

7551 (9); 7729 (128); 7844 (208);

7878 (38); 7965 (301i); 7977 (9); 8109

(838); 8844 (9); 9073 (2); 9190 (128);

9774 (30111); 9837 (9); 9912 (38);

9929 (301kk); 9948 (181); 9969

(301kk); 10073 (109); 10293 (86);

10661 (110); 106616 (38); 10911

(270); 123849 (9); 18448 (1); 18514,

13586 (12); 13873 (301kk); 14074

(830111); 14491 (218); 14961 (301kk);

15865 (181); 15509 (128); 15721

(197); 15729 (181); 16024 (301b);

16350 (12); 16445 (80111); 16465

(12); 16466, 16578 (1); 16915 (12);

17979 (la); 17983 (86); 18339 (1);

18352 (131); 18491 (38); 18548 (128);

18854, H58 (110); H121 (128); H344

(125); H425 (801jj); H444 (110);

H617 (123); H673 (125); H701 (203);

H910 (125); H1330 (123); H1339,

H1676 (91); H2182 (86); H2167

(301b); H2254, H2254b (125); H2256

(87); H8045 (1); H3820 (195);

H4114 (la); H4124 (128); H4158

(298); H4289 (301jj); H4542 (35);

H5055 (109); H6741 (125); H7040

(1); H7309 (38); H9083 (227);

H9347 (9); H9874 (1); H9520 (110);

H9796 (203); H9804 (213); H10768

(270); H12075 (208); H12096 (801)));

H13501 (123).

Elias 127 (801b); 254 (112); 467

(301x); 786, p.p. (801b); 786, p.p.

984 (301x); 1079 (301b); 1258 (206);

1462 (301b).

Endlich 1321 (212).

Endres 70 (48).

Englesing 118 (200); 139 (187).

Ernst 926, 927 (71); 1185 (207).

val Nee 158b (801q); 211 (6); 226

Esposto 39 (301x).

Eyerdam 325 (125); 355 (227).

Fairchild 30 (82); 2569 (298); 3769

(203); 3827a (381).

Faris 24, 121 (9); 122 (125); 310 (9);

318 (301jj); 442 (9); 449 (801b).

Fauntleroy 674 (48).

Fawcett 2128 (127).

Fendler 117 (301m); 118 (187); 119

(195); 120 (200); 121 (82); 122 (33);

374 (285); 375 (801a); 379 (110);

380 (83); 470 (178); 471 (111); 472

(10); 473 (9); 475 (301); 483, 484

(71); 1877 (110); 2327 (269); 2328

(10); 2829 (206); 2330 (112); 2548

(823); [7.469 (285).

Ferris 5586 (12); 5589 (9); 5739 (12);

(4a) (97); 6191 (12); 6208 (6); 622

44). ~

Fiebrig 194 (109); 403 (296); 426a

(109); 426b, 608 (54); 1038 (301e);

1177, 1205 (272); 1235 (301e); 1453

LIST OF EXSICCATAE

(278); 2454 (193); 2683 (59); 2701

(228); 2777, 2874 (301b); 3051 (272);

3371 (276); 4108 (109); 4804 (228);

tio} 5286 (296); 5444 (233); 6027

( ‘

Finlay 183 (60).

Firmin 26 (173); 310 (69); 653 (173).

Fisher 3342 (301r).

Fishlock 7 (8011); 24, 39, 141, 152 (9).

Focke 122 (301a); 535 (58); 638 (3011);

748 (218); 931 (181); 1148 (831);

1246 (58); 1428 (197).

Fox 89, 119 (186).

Fredholm 3076 (9); 3272 (110); 5608

(9).

Friedrichsthal 33 (3011); 165 (2138); 399

(208); 546 (195); 852 (301b); 1188

Fries 545 (801e); 1558 (234); 1599

(276); 1621 (54); 1666 (261).

Fruchard 1031 (2967).

Fuertes 42 (301b); 160 (9); 443 (110);

445 (203); 598 (88); 926B (1); 1167,

1167b (125); 1200 (38).

Funck & Schlim 552 (72); 789 (173);

1215 (823); 1254 (176); 1881 (137);

1382 (182); 1883 (188); 1884 (245);

1385 (150); 1408 (156).

Gaillard 169 (182).

Galeotti 3656 (44); 3657 (9); 3658

(107); 3659 (9); 3660 (801r); 3661

(9); 3662 (82); 3663 (9); 3664 (269);

3666 (28); 3668 (198); 3669 (301b);

3670 (38); 3671 (108); 3673 (224);

8675 (12).

Gallup 21 (232).

Garcia 4630 (319); 4645 (166); 5142

(301a).

Gardner 46 (338); 47 (226); 48 (235);

49 (109); 426 (188); 427 (303); 428

(52); 818 (54); 1024 (301la); 1025

(228); 1111 (233); 1147 (189); 1313

(233); 1314 (301v); 1315, 1630 teas

1631 (56); 1632 (247); 1663 (213);

1838 (3010); 2877 (230); 3191 (78);

3192 (291); 3193 (259); 3194 re

4690 (279); 4691 (188); 6030 (247).

Garnier 917 (301aa).

Gaudichaud 154, 154bis (9); 289 (233);

990 (52); 1026 (3801p); 1031 ft

1032 (189); 1033 (196); 1034 (226);

1039, 1635 (246).

Gaumer 101 (80); 127, 466, 630, 631

(301ff); 793 (301b); 796 (112); 1082,

1304 (9); 1788, 1888 (301ff); 1964

(8301b); 2168, 2169 (9); 23285 (112);

23291 (301b); 28355 (801ff); 23582

(301b); 23606 (9); 28639 (301b);

23669 (9); 23671 (294a); 23692 (9);

23714 (6); 23971 (9); 23979, 24251

(301bb); 24415 (6); 24417 (9).

587

Gay 542 (158); 941 (19).

Gehriger 263 (173); 464 (71).

Gentle 3 (82); 6 (801lcc); 23 (9); 39

(301ec); 42 (9); 126, 157 (301cc);

215 (6); 223 (801b); 224 (109); 255

(6); 346, 378 (82); 379 (801gg); 427

(224); 434 (108); 454 (224); 514, 527

(6); 608 (108); 613 (801cec); 810

(108); 820 (82); 821 (6); 877 (82);

907 (301cc); 1826 (292).

Gentry 2310 (24); 2910 (9).

Ghiesbreght 60 (82); 62

(120); 301 (47); 863 (120).

Giacometto 4 (6).

Gibert 43 (278); 103 (296).

Gilman B78 (301g).

Glaziou 399 (246); 1538 (226); 1598

(188); 3018 (235, hybrid); 3019

(233); 3020 (251); 3655 (189); 3655a

(246); 3990 (109); 3992 (189); 3993

(341); 4818 (801w); 5875 (9); 6089

(Mitostemma Glaziovii); 6549 (196);

6550 (265); 6551 (251); 6551a (241);

6604, 6700 (244); 7649 (265); 7859,

8269 (Tetrastylis ovalis); 8721 (264);

9851 (186); 10871 (109); 10871a

(54); 10872 (246); 10873 (801a);

10874 (181); 12472 (52); 12740 (228);

12741 (Mitostemma Glaziovii); 12742

(54); 18454 (885); 18912 (235);

18912a (8381); 14858 (248); 14854,

14878 (Tetrastylis ovalis); 17013 (233);

17620 (841); 18254 (102); 18255

(802); 18256 (264); 18257 (244);

18258 (838); 20333 (218); 20334

(8301p); 21461 (9).

Gleason 47 (8011); 167, 215, 326 (181);

828 (209); 371 (58); 389 (181); 855

(220); 868, 908 (58).

Glocker 542 (222); 545 (301a).

Goldman 36 (224); 748 (301b).

Goll 27 (6); 185 (9); 267 (224); 270

(256a); 311, 312, 331 (9); 393 (301a);

409 (9).

Gonggrijp 2 (181); 11, 14 (58); 39 (181);

64, p.p. (345).

Gonggrijp & Stahel 83 (185).

Goudot 1 (143); 2, p.p. (90); 2, p.p.

(147); 3, p.p. (198); 3, p.p., 4, p.p.

(111); §, p.p. (109); 6 (269); 9 (115);

11 (64).

Gouin 5 (9).

Graham 96 (58); 126 (252); 128 (185).

a & Greenman 220 (187); 221

Griffiths 6997 (97).

Griffiths & Thornber 81 (97).

Guedes 2245 (327); 2428 (54); 2483

(228).

Guevara A64 (172).

Guillemin 629 (52); 834 (264).

Gundlach 18 (301i).

(107); 113

588 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Haenke 848 (117); 849 (12); 851, 869

(269); 870 (121); 871 (97); 873 (121);

875 (112); 879 (107); 1847 (158);

1882 (6); 1957, 2040 (178); 2118

(178); 2285 (191).

Hahn 41, 48 (82); 53 (801b); 106 (6);

188 (269); 148 (224); 177, p.p. (99);

177, p.p. (101); 586 (9); 865 (99);

868 (110); 909 (3011); 910 (110);

1167 (186); 1327 (3011); 1617 (111).

Hall 11 (69).

Hall, E. 228 (232); 229 (48).

Hamilton 151 (801i).

Harper 92 (232); 113 (43).

Harris, J. A. C15534 (238); C16517

(97); C17358 (38); C17410 (9).

Harris, W. 660 (195); 1440 (122); 5758

(129); 6536 (122); 6877 (9); 7684,

7707 (38); 8520 (3011); 8612 (301a);

9414 (2); 9480 (208); 9516, 9918

(127); 9941 (2); 11816 (301ff); 11953

(233); 123824 (3011); 12747 (9).

Harrison 4774 (801g).

Hart 104 (4); 112 (212); 595 (238); 655

(218); 656 (38); 5720 (3011).

Hartman 99, 152 (20); 214 (97).

Hartweg 17 (801b); 183 (147); 662

(191); 1015 (160); 1016 (173a); 1017,

1019 (173); 1020 (2038); 1021 (67).

Hassler 39, 139 (296); 1202 (109); 4240

(260); 1332 (228); 1418, 1418a (54);

1631 (801le?); 2860 (296); 2627

(301le); 2927 (54); 3166 (109); 3339

(228); 4181 (56); 4268 (260); 4329

(296); 4789 (264); 4791 (301a); 4825

(296); 5437 (801h); 5934 (296); 6360

(296?); 6413 (54); 6520 (301le); 6878

(2967); 7132 (801h); 7333 (54); 7418

(296?); 7498 (279); 7547, 7804 (296);

7875 (56); 7913 (109); 8130 (228);

9329 (18); 9424 (260); 9562 (2967);

9965 (30le); 10305 (258); 10388

(109); 10615 (102); 10649 (56); 11531

(109); 12309, 12819 (260); 12373,

12607 (54).

Haught 69, 209 (301b); 1430 (353);

1635 (308); 1768 (109).

Havard 34, 36 (801i).

Hayes 2 (83); 71 (301m); 92 (112); 356

(54); 480 (212); 463 (83); 596 (81);

601 (82); 697 (301m).

Hazen 9652 (6); 9665, 9667 (176); 9671

(173); 9673 (68); 9680 (173); 9688

(14); 9691 (166); 9692 (184); 9694 (14).

Heilborn 49 (801m); 117 (275); 182

(173); 497 (188); 582 (191).

Heindachner 68 (9).

Heiner 10 (196); 94 (283); 116 (265);

382, 423 (18); 581 (244).

Heller, A. A. 1006 (232); 1029 (8011);

1218 (110); 4475 (88); 6068 (9); 6119

(3011); 6324 (9).

Heller, C. 160 (50).

Heller & Heller 978 (301a).

Heriberto 53 (200); 64 (301x); 187

(112); 197 (301x); 218 (112); 392 (6).

Herrera 295 (160); 484 (163); 485 (158);

486 (160); 487 (155); 588 (168); 696

(172); 941 (81); 1061 (155); 1155

(185); 1223 (180); 1660 (155); 1673

(180); 2108, 2126 (155); 2127, 2128

(172); 2129 (110); 2243 (155); 2586

(160); 2599 (155); 2605 (160); 2943

(172); 2999 (178); 2999a (160a);

8101, 3842 (155).

Herter 718b (260); 2606 (109).

Herzog 1199 (228); 1507 (201); 1657

(9); 2003 (801a); 2106 (160); 2365

(155); 2489 (178).

Heyde & Lux 324 (19); 3091 (38); 3772

(19); 8777 (9); 4481 (48); 6148 (111).

Hieronymus 90 (260); 109 (261); 222

(260); 223, 224 (261).

Hieronymus & Lorentz 294 (198).

Hieronymus & Niederlein 59 (193); 95

(272); 186, 144 (284).

Hinton 655 (269); 816 (45); 819 (28);

1151 (20); 1794, 2139, 2407 (47);

2936 (117a); 3030 (6); 3569 (117a);

8608 (172); 3652 (97); 3659 (301b);

8848 (28); 3863, 4160 (269); 4261

(16); 4340 (20); 4519 (9); 4655 (6);

4700 (9); 4889 (28); 5514 (801b).

Hioram 1004 (3011); 1887, 1936 (301i);

4257 (203); 6748 (38).

Hitchcock 105 (9); 16767 (301a); 16914

(38); 17020 (3011); 17072 (185); 17074

(181); 17181 (8011); 17210 (88);

17224 (185); 17405 (286); 17489 (186);

17602 (307); 20017 (8011); 20149

(191); 20631 (176); 20636 (275);

20747 (110); 20815 (176); 21000

(173); 21470, 21494 (185); 21612

(166).

Hoehne 78 (302); 238 (241); 1387 (102);

8417 (801b); 3818 (244); 4507 (835);

4941, 10641 (56). ‘

Hoffmann 458 (48); 663 (256).

Hohenacker 30 (181).

Hollister 41, 45 (282).

Holmgren 55 (9); 392 (178); 429 (176);

476 (166); 655 (159); 666 (173a);

785 (176); 974 (178a).

Holt & Blake 436, 568, 601 (185); 650,

age BTS; 697 (182); 800 (349); 843

Holt & Gehriger 196 (349); 267 (187);

292 (Dilkea Wallisii); 384 (851). ~

Holton 701 (203); 702 (301x); 703 (6);

704 (315); 705 (176); 706 (160); 707

(184); 708 (172).

Hostmann 541, 543 (2138); 633 (227);

652 (8011); 1095 (58); 1224 (181).

LIST OF EXSICCATAE

Hostmann & Kappler 478a (58); 804,

804a (197); 1567 (185).

Hotchkiss 1339 (232); 4847 (44).

House 497 (43); 2887 (19).

Howell 8747 (9); 8833, 9045 (301z);

9665 (9); 10419 (12).

Huber 116 (186); 1408 (287); 1411

(185); 1424 (847); 1486 (185); 2816

sy) 4725 (3011); 7015 (197); 8722

Huber & Street 22 (200).

Hulk 294 (220); 295, 358 (181).

Humboldt & Bonpland 234 (60); 1093

(206); 1531 (187); 1628 (195); 1767

(172); 1768 (173); 1769 (198); 1804

(203); 3394 (176).

Imray 270 (51).

Im Thurn 4 (301a); 84 (348); 110 (333).

Jack 4807, 4994, 5296 (9); 5335 (801kk);

5485, 5770 (9);5971 (110); 6316 (109);

6829 (38); 6858 (1); 7127 (38); 7144

(801kk); 7648 (187); 7712 (181);

7729 (227).

Jaeger 138 (110); 164 (88); 173 (123);

221 (125); 276 (301b).

Jaffnel 1076 (301b).

Jahn 550 (178); 791 (172); 966 (176);

1072 (71); 1181 (149); 1204 (178);

1250 (8011).

James 2 (301a).

Jameson 56 (159); oh (154); 249 (144);

420 (166); 593 (13 8).

Jenman 827 (331); 460 (209); 622

(Mitostemma Jenmani); 742 (331);

835 (33); 1160 (881); 1169 (830);

1805 (331); 1764 (220); 2000 (185);

2052 (58); 2079 (185); 3589 (197);

3999 (330); 4221 (52); 4222 (58);

4563 (301a); 4789 (33); 4783 (220);

4972 (83); 5072 (301la); 5073 (58);

5183 (83); 5406, 5407, p.p. (218);

5407, p.p. (220); 5408 (185); 5409

(186); 5410 (301a); 5585 (849); 5537

(209); 5588 (227); 5589 (54); 5791

(252); 5797 (307); 5875 (186); 6164,

6255 (197); 6271 (88); 6862 (186);

6427 (195); 6428 (220); 6512 (807);

6540 (345); 6709, 6914 (181); 6997

(58); 7016, 7121, 7140 (186); 7179

(286); 7266 Gor: 7501 (380); 7508

(213); 7511 (807); 7534 (181); 7585

(33); 7600, 7622, 7642 (331); 7670

(186); 7870 (3011); 7887 (185).

Job 855 (260); 1230 (301e).

Jobert 69 (266); 256 (181); 288 (197);

855 (181); 856 (327); 928 (247); 1039

301e?).

Johansen 7 (173).

Johnson, H., 59 (224); 80 (111); 82

(38); 93 (256a); 175 (301q); 273 (6);

589

411 (103); 471, 511 (256a); 528 (38);

563 (224).

Johnston, I. M., 3069 (297); 3167

(294); 3200 (297); 3397, 3406, 3500,

8536 (294); 3544 (297): 3640, 3659

(294); 3660 (301c); 3721, 3759, 3823,

3848, 3882 (294); 3951, 3978 (295):

4043 (297a); 4158, 4200, 4298 (297).

Johnston, J. R., 11 (110); 64 (285);

65 (206); 225 (301a); 257, 262 (110);

494 (213); 668 (110).

Jones 354, 27462 (301b).

Jénsson 834a (258); 1071a (298);

1267a (302).

Jorgensen 1210 (272); 1211 (193); 1914

ee 2615 (260); 2616 (301h); 2617

228); 2618 (54); 2839 (301h); 2841

(260): 2845 (19); 3787 (260): 3788

Son}. 8789 (301a); 3790 (18); 3792

Julio 17.10 (301b); 1.158, II.230 (160).

Jiirgensen 866 (106).

Kalbreyer 486 (173); 637 (824); 675

(187); 752 (175); 861 (208); 1112

(153); 1202 (245); 1253 (116); 1402

aeey 1453a (311); 1960 (175);/1998

Ranenice 265 (172); 265a (174).

Kappler 142 (58); 1860 (181); 1595

(266); 1665 (181); 1918 (8011); 1991

(213); 2118 (8381).

Karling 6 (224).

Kearney 728 (2382); 729, 1217 (48);

1585 (232).

Kegel 1320 (338).

Kellerman 4773 (120); 4779 (Oibs:

4969 (301gg); 6698 (38); 7663 (301b);

7774 (12).

Kenoyer 456 (54); 570 (301m).

Kerber 117 (88); 155 (111); 1266 (20).

Killip 3 (127); 3297 (200); 3318, 3335,

8385 (187); 3608, 3640 (82); 5289

(301m); 5371 (109); 5555 (256); 5561

(8); 5594 (217); 5687 (65); 5697

(202); 6135 (88); 6154 (8); 6401

(198); 6572, 6741 (178); 6869 (68);

7918 (76); 7962 (8); 7972 (141); 9720

(178); 9725 (65); 9726 (6); 9728 tee}

9736 (111); 9742 (176); 9748 (65);

9748 (68); 9755 (178); 9756 (281);

9794 (68); 9797 (208); 10101 (65);

10154 (14); 10164 (3); 11257 (110);

11262 (9); 11842 (66); 11442 (6);

11462 (187); 11494 (195); 11662

(256); 11673 (9); 11679 (217); 11754

(33); 11925 (172); 12028 (112); 12039

(9); 12107 (82); 12187 (54); 13072a

(239); 18107 (43); 13507 rf 13523

(9); 18521 (195); 18742 (48); 13828

(9); 18855 (181); 13913 (30111); 13941,

31667 (9).

590 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Killip & Hazen 9027 (202); 9097 (134);

9149, 9163 (178); 9411 (134); 9413

(14); 9477 (184); 9510 (173); 9512,

9524 (134); 9585 (173); 9542 (184);

9551, 9557 (176); 9577 (198); 9592

(65); 9595 (198); 9596 (281); 9607

(65); 9625 (202); 10117 (68); 11006

(202); 11007 (203); 11023 (6); 11078

(203); 11100 (801la); 11120 (255);

11146 (82).

Killip & Smith 14164, 14168, 14329

(9); 14415 (6); 14479 (9); 14650

(82); 14705 (801b); 14734 (195);

14739 (187); 14800 (221); 14811 (33);

14823 (195); 14945 (287); 14958

(203); 14963 (801m); 14969 (200);

14970 (6); 15015 (238); 15029 (9);

15227 (198); 15320 (64); 15364 (94);

15453 (208); 15454 (71); 15506 (67);

15576 (173); 15911 (245); 15926

(137); 15985 (188); 15951 (71); 16111

(67); 16175, 16223, 16340 (71);

16343 (6); 16344, 16412, 16452 (71);

16477 (109); 16511 (198); 16527

(71); 16607 (67); 16787 (94); 16834

(9); 16889 (187); 17046 (94); 17148

(178); 17196 (67); 17197 (198);

17200 (158); 17285, 173873 (173);

17717 (1); 17758. (183); 17826,

17831, 17920 (178); 17923 (75);

18000 (67); 18100 (156); 18146 (67);

18158 (183); 18210 (173); 18320

(137); 18398 (9); 18501 (173); 18599

(71); 18842 (94); 19031 (75); 19037,

19044 (109); 19050, 19051, 19061

(315); 19062 (6); 19104 (198); 19234,

19243 (67); 19340 (109); 19342 (200);

19400 (315); 19420 (71); 19508 (94);

19520, 19681 (172); 19685 (173);

19700 (160); 19712 (173); 19775,

19801 (116); 19849 (133); 19871

(152); 20022 (176); 20136 (198);

20284 (116); 20408 (71); 20493 (116);

20547 (176); 20557 (116); 20868

(82); 20879 (228); 20887 (9); 21000

(3011); 21012 (82); 21035, 21038

(301j); 21044 (9); 21078 (801x);

21088 (301j); 21103 (30lu); 21156

(6); 21524 (9); 21527 (81); 21529

(198); 21530 (260); 21636 (158);

21868 (172); 21885 (160a); 21938

(160); 21942 (172); 21943 (95); 21947

198); 22011 (172); 22012, 22034

(160); 22177 (155); 22178 (180);

. 22681 (198); 22795 (287); 22800

(110); 22825 (197); 22909 (185);

23236 (172); 238241 (31); 23322 (31);

23332, 23345 (180); 23382 (288);

23400 (110); 234382 (110); 23434

(288); 28474 (56); 23517 (79); 23931

(197); 24092 (201); 24311, 24323

(280); 24330 (198); 24052 (197);

24481 (172); 24907 (6); 25000 (79);

25181 (288); 25371 (110); 25422 (197);

25441 (110); 25447 (289); 25764

(268); 26290 (185); 26307 (216);

26308 (79); 26336 (33); 26607 (79);

26673 (185); 26683 (216); 26820,

26851 (185); 26870 (80ly); 26909

(220); 27093 (80ly); 27143 (79);

27152 (195); 27158 (220); 27165

(268); 27288, 27422 (197); 27588

(79); 27468 (196); 27574 (185); 27589

(330); 27664 (201); 27819 (57); 27825

(79); 27828 (80ly); 27834 (201);

27849 (197); 27995 (185); 28069

(57); 28126 (800); 28214 (216); 28297

(57); 28311 (33); 28318, 28412 (57);

28705 (287); 28716 (201); 28940,

29012 (216); 29035 (83); 29062,

29186, 29214 (185); 29375 (79);

29408 (186); 29693, 29734, 29735

(79); 29775 (583); 29846, 29884 (268);

29974 (186); 29989 (53); 30002 (186);

80073 (220); 30096 (186); 30205

(233); 30236 (197); 30251 (185);

80272 (214); 30294, 30814 (181);

30319 (8011); 30360 (54); 30371 (220);

80414 (185); 30500 (181); 30506

(233); 30572 (214); 30664 (58).

King 611 (801e).

King, A., 306 (232).

Kissenberth 3566 (181).

Klug 141 (83); 242 (268); 256 (220);

842, 417 (186a); 828 (220); 959

(30ly); 1017 (Dilkea retusa); 1069

(186); 1158 (Dilkea parviflora); 1226

(186); 1306 (79); 1483 (30ly); 1581

(79); 1681 (83); 2100 (Dilkea Wal-

lisit); 2788 (79); 2983 (83); 3091

(287); 3469 (846); 3883 (810); 3897

(216); 3945 (79); 3963 (6); 4037

(216); 4159 (34); 4190 (187); 4278

(197); 4299 (34).

Koch By (2138).

Krug 486 (110); 487 (3011).

Krukoff 1042, 1102 (186a); 1141 (348);

1208 (8010); 1263 (197); 1264 (220);

4504, 4552 (186); 4897 (287); 4941

(354); 5363 (185); 5730, 6191, 6508,

6759 (354); 8130 (197); 8566 (33);

8925 (186a); 8943 (220).

Kuhlmann 1064 (220); 1726 (338);

2265 (251); 2803 (848); 3085 (353);

3411 (3010); 3412 (181); 3416 (227a);

8417 (277); 4671 (3010); 5248 (244);

7763 (197); 15828 (Mitostemma

Glaziovii); 15792 (52).

Kuntze 469 (110); 565 (8011); 786.

(110); 904 (801la); 961 (9); 1123

(186); 1395 (301a).

Kuyper 3 (33); 76 (181).

Labroy 23 (186); 162 (136).

Lamb 529 (301b).

LIST OF EXSICCATAE 591

Landré 620, p (33); 620, p.p. (181).

Lang 215 (110): 81h (3011): 560, 561,

625 (127).

Langlassé 509 (22); 552bis (121); 725

(12); 837 (117).

Lanjouw 107 (8011); 177, 306, 431 (181);

558 (301j); 1148 (381); 1208 (185);

1283 (181).

Lankester K141 (61).

Lansing 2177, 2390 (9).

Lawrance 30 (313); 87 (64); 401 (287);

tie aes 551 (83); 585 (195); 607

7).

Le Blond 28 (801a); 29 (88).

Ledig 4 (158); 5 (160).

Lehmann 58, 102, 104 (178); 105 (191);

107 (176); 108 (178a); 109a (170);

182 (8011); 368 (144); 370, 371, 418

(178); 588 (176); 674 (68); 675 (69);

786 (203); 801 (81); 881 (187); 1067

(166); 1255 (61); 1268 (187); 1314

(11); 1419 (88); 1422 (82); 1492

(120); 1566 (269); 1630 (231); 1708

(112); 1709 (205); 1712 (801a); 1730,

1785 (112); 1849 (9); 1928 (187);

2190 (818); 2219 (301la); 2291 (82);

2489 (172); 2498 (182); 2509 (160);

2512, 2515 (9); 2518 (198); 2524

(236); 2525 (64); 2538 (67); 2624,

p.p. (160a); 2624, p.p. (178); 2758

(68); 2777 (6); 2840, 2967 (173); 3049

(81); 3057 (68); 3332 (9); 83364 (110);

8384 (203); 3386 (80la); 3387 (9);

8409 (269); 3412 (815); 3459 (68);

3731 (74); 3800 (9); 4828 (109); 4830

(198); 4831 (203); 4882 (81); 4833

(110); 4834 (275); 48385 (118); 4837

(312); 4838 (281); 4839 (240); 4840

(68); 4841 (166); 4842 (178a); 4565

(176); 4579 (9); 4602 (154); 4615

(81); 4728 (109); 5314 (198); 5420

(76); 5421 (140); 5422 (172); 5662

(3); 5663 (255); 5915 (8); 5916 (166);

5917 (141); 6001 (142); 6060 (217);

6094 (189); 6096 (203); 6105 (64);

6106 (236); 6155, 6156 (68); 6440,

6581 (173); 7282 (189); 7429 (182);

7627 (68); 7628 (67); 7629 (64); 7630

(66); 7631 (821); 7682 (148); 8012

(166); 8018 (173a); 8015 (220); 8016

(320); 8017 (33); 8018 (198); 8020

(69); 8021 (68); 8256 (160); 8266

(173); 8267-8269 (166); 8664 (315);

8665 (813); 8772 (147); 8773 (221);

VIII (287); IX, X (178); XI (255);

XII alll XIII (198a); XIV (75);

XVI, (324); XVI, p.p. (815);

xvi (48): B.T.409 (203); on T.859

(76); B.T.799 (820); B.T.1128, p.p.

(81); B.T.1128, p.p. (82); B.T.1162

(6); B.T.1163 (203); B.T.1180 (320);

K20 (1738).

Lejos 43 (6).

Lemmon 44 (97).

Leén 370 (301kk); 639 (283); 2451 (9);

2855 (225); $732, 3934 (301i); 4024

(110); 4125 (30111); 5294 (301kk);

5329 (110); 5861, 5369 (80111); 6104

(1); 6863, 7496, 8675 (9); 8808, 8811

(225); 9194 (801kk); 9335 (131); 9487

(301b); 9645 (9); 9869 (38); 10841

(110); 10362 (9); 10555 (8011); 10556

(110); 10557 (181); 10558 (9); 11457

(1); 11922 (208); 12187 (801i); 12360

(110); 12519 (12); 12585 (110); 12581

(124); 12588 (110); 12758 (124);

12912, 12924 (110); 12925 (38);

~ 18135 (30111); 18197 (9); 18348 (225);

14150 (270); 15304 (1).

Le6n & Ekman 9091 (270).

Leén & Roca 7941, 8172, 8843 (80111);

8866 (131).

Leonard 471 (232); 2772 (301jj); 2839

(109); 3008 (125); 3038a (9); 3069

(125); $291 (1); 3814, 3462, 3463,

3562 (9); 3569 (301jj); 3610 (9);

3668, 3685 (110); 3770, 3965, 3970,

4271, 4586 (38); 4682 (123); 4688

(38); 4767 °(110); 4818, 4852 (9);

4882 (109); 4979 (203); 4996 (84);

4997, 5135 (9); 7010a (109); 7208,

7319 (125); 7370 (110); 7384 (125);

7394 (110); 7405, 7410 (84); 7655,

7656 (1); 7688, 7690 (125); 7961 (38);

8047 (110); 8057 (125); 8058 (84);

8315 (38); 8319 (110); 8511 (301jj);

8808, 8857 (125); 8859 (84); 8869

(125); 8932, 8964 (84); 9006 (1); 9056

(125); 9265 (110); 9465 (109); 9772

(125); 10040, 10044 (84).

Leonard & Killip 549, 687 (48).

Leonard & Leonard 7394a, 7662, 7952,

8116, 8521, 8811, 9631, 9726, 9788

(9); 11187 (125); 11181 (9); 11283

(301jj); 11294 (9); 11307 (1a); 11323

(9); 11840 (218); 11867 (110); 11518

(125); 11549 (110); 11573 (125);

11603 (801}j); 11610 (203); 11901

(9); 12441 (208); 12455 (195); 12529

(213); 127138 (9); 12789 (125); 12922

(1); 12940 (125); 18293 (1); 13376,

13635 (110); 18910 (125); 13952 (9):

13957 (la); 18957a (1); 18962 (9);

14000 (la); 14005 (208); 14018

(301jj); 14077 (125); 14120 (110);

14768, 14949 (125); 14957 (301b);

15335, 15336 (298); 15859 (301jj);

15382, 15898 (298); 154384 (213);

15477 (125); 15591 (208); 15760,

15765 (84); 17140 (9).

Lévy 120 (301gg); 392 (44); 1145 (195);

1481 (187)

Liebmann 40, 41 (30lee); 45, 46, 51

(801q);'59, 74 (9); 4071, 4072 (111);

592 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

4078, 4074 (269); 4075, 4076 (106);

4078, 4079 (80lee); 4080-4085 (6);

4088 (3801r); 4089 (301b); 4090-4093

(301r); 4095 (118); 4096, 4097 (301r);

4098 (50); 4106-4111 (82); 4112

(97); 4115 (44); 4116-4119 (224);

4121-4123 (38); 4124-4133 (9); 4134

(121); 4185 (82); 4186, 4189 (121);

4141, 4142 (82); 41438 (44); 4154

(107); 4156 (6).

Lillo 142 (19).

Lindberg 360 (52); 361 (238).

Linden 286 (149); 287 (173); 751 (9);

752, p.p. (88); 752, p.p. (107); 857

269); 894 (224); 1124 (88); 1127

(184); 1185 (208); 1228 (147); 1409

(823); 1652 (187); 1661 (67); 1693

(127); 1791 (110); 1821, p.p. (38);

1821, p.p. (110).

Linder 30, 129 (181); 153 (185).

Lindheimer 817 (98).

Lindig 554 (132); 610 (245); 628 (148);

636 (182); 642 (90).

Lindman 245 (260); 247 (9); 325 (233);

1189 (54); 1141 (109); A591 (235);

A605 (196); A1139 (54); A1363

(276); A1755 (228); A2183 (2962);

A2409 (801a); A2751 (56); A2825

(188); A8483 (228); A581 (260).

mack 549 (3011); 558, 1073 (110); 1074

Lobb 20 (158); 121 (173); 151 (135).

Lockhart 369 (186).

Lofgren 45 (3801a); 116 (301n); 277, 285

(54); 297 (181); $14 (110); 343 (9);

848 (802); 486 (9); 585 (18); 583

(228); 628 (265); 1015 (102); 1824

(233); 5754 (219).

Lorentz 75 (261); 105b (193); 174 (260);

175 (261) 261 (301e)2~ $18) (272)

514 (801e); 1750 (801h).

Lorentz & Hieronymus 302, 389 (19);

748 (278); 1145, 1146 (19).

Lossen 199, (261); 308, 312 (380le).

Luetzelburg 1681 (190).

Luna 17 (110); 370 (80111); 395 (9); 409

(292); 613 (9); 955 (181).

Lundell 636 (6); 1034 (801r); 1210 (6);

1351 (82); 1852 (294a); 1490 (82);

1836 (3801cc); 1837 (82); 1897 (301cc);

1944 (82); 2015 (118); 2227 (801r);

2271, 2272 (82); 23849, 2439 (6); 3125,

8357 (801r); 3400, 3835 (82); 3836

(6); 3837, 3838 (301cc); 3839 (6);

8840 (82); 3841, 3842 (6); 3843 (301r);

8844 (9); 39381, 3982 (224); 39383

(830lgg); 4111, 4789 (224); 6900

(301r); 7008 (82).

Lundell & Lundell 7042 (48); 7149 (6);

7156 (107).

Luschnath 199 (222).

Lutz 513 (246).

Lyonnet 303 (9); 679 (301b).

Macbride 2855 (9); 4162 (110); 4315

(173); 4405 (163); 4954 (801b); 4960

(174); 5128 (79); 5189 (87); 5871

ties’ 5436 (56); 5561 (111); 5743

Macbride & Featherstone 523 (301b);

579 (158); 1615 (173); 1823 (163);

2074 (172); 2198 (163); 2415 (81);

2422 (195).

MacDougal & Shreve 1 (297).

Mackenzie 12 (801b).

Malme 152 (271); 494 (54); 542B (109);

544 (276); 546 (54); 614 (9); 1164

(334); 1186 (301a); 1203 (18); 1220B

(228); 4291 (801e?); 2206 (334); 2752

(56); 3041 (228).

Maltby 55 (12); 206 (297).

Mandon 608 (198); 609 (161); 609bis

(188); 610 (59); 611 (80); 612 (9);

618 (19); 614 (173); 615, p.p. (172);

615, p.p. (173); 616, 617 (161).

Martius 276 (334); 361a, (291); 564

Fae 628 (291); 1220 (102); 1291

Mason 1711 (12); 1772 (6); 1919 (295).

Mathews 408 (301b); 480 (178); 674

(158); 915 (155); 1252 (151); 2074

Matuda 477 (114); 928 (47); 1754 (114).

Maxon 1679 (9); 1680 (110); 1700 (129);

L701 (110) 82714 (G20) * 2172. 110)

2508 (129); 4002 (9); 4765 (200);

6574, 6597 (269); 6678, 6683, 6695

(187); 6719 (801m); 6730 (200); 6733

(187); 6841 (54); 7013 (801m); 7210

(112); 7219 (801laa); 7458 (82); 7704

(44); 8725 (38); 8768 (110); 8769,

8770, 8772 (130); 8800 (110); 9055

(130); 9099, 9132, 9220, 9253a, 9503

(129); 9525 (110); 10244 (233); 10347

(3011); 10398 (9); 10422 (38).

Maxon & Hay 3754 (120).

Maxon & Killip 254 (180); 338, 343

(9); 361, 370 (2); 389 (9); 390 (110);

418 (129); 419 (88); 460 (2); 494, 5386

(38); 806, (180); 807 (38); 808 (130);

831, 921 (2); 1089 (233); 1402 (127a);

1428 (301ff); 1425a (110); 1426a (9);

1546 (8011); 1548 (88); 1557 (129);

1580, 1655a, 1657 (9); 1675a (130);

1676 (110); 1701 (9); 1706 (110);

1788 (187); 1785, 1786 (110); 1787

218).

raven 1215 (48); 1216 (232).

McConnell & Quelch 207 (344).

McFarland 257 (48).

McFarlin 5823 (232).

McGregor 45 (2382).

Mearns 1 (232); 1439 (938).

LIST OF EXSICCATAE

Mélinon 65 (33); 79, 277 (185).

Mell 523 (224); 2016 (801ff); 2246

(301b).

oo 458 (194); 1041 (835); 1043

Mexia 624 (25); 1285 (44); 1306 (117a);

1448 (6); 1526 (117a); 1529, 1916

(82); 4138 (188); 4138a (195); 4173

(233); 4183 (264); 4251 (251); 4448a

te: 4448 (264); 4659a (244); 4789

196); 4795 (188); 5026 (248); 5402

(109); 5454a (264); 6057a (185);

6388 (33); 6405 (186); 6424 (284);

6488 (220); 6578 (240); 6630 (312);

6764 (191); 6976 (233); 6980 (198);

6981, 7056 (210); 7117 (187); 7284

(210); 7859 (233); 7360 (176); 7390

(172); 7416 (198); 7616 (166).

Mexican Boundary Survey 393, 393c,

893d (8).

Meyer 159 (260); 160 (54); 161 (296);

910 (59); 945 (228); 1033 (19); 1034

(276); 2047 (261); 2231 (278); 22382

(301e); 2233 (19).

Meyerhoff 35 (125); 144 (110).

Miers 3041 (189); 3097 (235); 3463

(226); 3471 (52); 3980 (109); 4457

(303); 4461 (233); 5082a (334).

Mille 7 (191); 10 (801a); 37 (198); 42a

(9); 50 (191); 183 (173); 184 (176);

135 (160); 186 (178a); 200 (81); 222

(69); 223 (210); 224 (178); 225 (172);

228 (173); 229 (188); 230 (144); 231

(159); 232 (160); 235 (176); 236 (160).

Miller 208 (125); 222, 225 (9); 287

(110); 316 (9); 317 (101); 318 (186);

1003, 1025 (125); 1085 (801jj); 1116,

1117 (9); 1118 (125); 1192 (195);

1204 (110); 1236 (218); 1253 (110).

Miller & Johnston 63, 85 (301j).

Millspaugh 44, 831, 854 (9); 1003, 1065

(301i); 1458, 1994 (9); 2019 (8011);

2130 (299);. 2218 (9); 2228 (110);

2237 (9); 2278, 2805 (128); 2318 (9);

2319 (128); 2851 (9); 2859 (128);

9073 (9); 9123 (128).

Millspaugh & Millspaugh 9033, 9033bis,

9318 (298).

Moldenke 323, 340 (9); 404 (1); 516,

517, 526 (9); 550 (88); 550a (9):

552a (38).

Monteiro da Costa 150 (181); 193

(3010); 308 (266).

Montes & Salazar 877 (97); 878 (301b).

Moore 312 (185); 498 (188); 579, 793

(66); 820 (8010); 824 (188); 915

(3010); 917, 961 (228).

Moritz 201 (44); 230 (110); 437 (801i);

488 (206); 5384 (208); 791 (71);

1314 (110); 1815 (82); 1816 (71);

1317 (269); 1318 (206); 1319 (269);

1820 (198); 1822 (178); 1674 (12);

593

1719 (111); 1720 oo 1898 (71);

1961 (17); 1963 (10).

Morong 141 (260); 223 (296); 577

(301a); 896 (54); 9385 (301a); 1032

(54); 1505 (278).

Morris 1208 (48).

mot. & Makrinius 226 (269); 2616

Mosén 340 (233); 528 (291); 1326 (196);

1327 (265); 1828 (18); 1329 (109);

1855 (9); 1856 (264); 1975 (2838);

2503 (189); 2504 (29); 2505 (226);

2506 (244); 2864 (233); 3175 (251);

4148, 4149 (241); 4150 (109); 4157

(233); 4492 (260).

Mosier 268 (9).

Moss 36 (3010); 37 (58).

Mouret 210 (213); 211 (99); 214 (3011).

Mueller & Mueller 100 (93).

Mulford Biological Exploration 21

special (186); 470, 475, 475A, 545

(185); 739 (201); 1196 (6); 1216

(301a); 1859 (56); 1576 (289); 1619,

p.p. (54); 1619, p.p. (186); 1777 (33);

2074 (58); 2871 (56).

Miiller, Frederick, 217 (9); 3063 (198).

Ona. Fritz, 179 (29); 429 ad 430

Mutis 705 (236); 791 (313); 792 (324);

798 (813); 794 (202); 988 (824); 939

(313); 19382 (324); 2219 (202); 2270

(90); 2871 (147); 2272 (64); 22738

(322); 2275 (202); 2278 (90); 2279

(316); 2808 (227); 2856 (8); 2889

(324); 2890 (202); 2891 (815); 3461

(853); 3462 (187); 4824 (156); 4411

(75); 4412 (64); 5181 (315); 5615

(147).

Myers 5374 (349); 5826 (220).

Nash 155 (9); 414 (232); 418, 562 (110);

567 (125); 598 (301jj); 746 (110);

794 (125); 1208 (110); 2010 (282);

2155 (43).

Nash & Taylor 883 (9); 958 (128); 1097

(9); 1656 (125); 3779 (9); 3804 (298).

Nealley 159 (301b); 161 (8); 203 (301b);

204 (8).

Née 382 (260).

Nelson, E. W., 373 (301r); 928 (301b);

1682 (80lee); 2020 (97); 2817

(121); 2429 (117); 2446 (121);

2477, 2481 (82); 2577 (12); 2589

(30lee); 2703 (801r); 2762 (801f);

8325 (199); 3326 (198); 3378 (111);

8393 (118); 3728 (120); 3827 (200);

4249 (12); 4851 (301t); 4381 (801r).

Nelson, G., 24 (110).

Nelson & Goldman 7194 (295); 7480

(297a).

Nichols 16 (233); 38 (38); 42 (51).

Nicolfs 48, 235 (20); 957 (269).

594 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

ree ee 208 (120); 209 (301b); 1225

Nitin ses 5 (187).

Noack 189 (18).

Norman 190 (127); 221 (129).

Northrop 216, 242 (9); 243 (128); 389

(9); 391 (299).

Northrop & Northrop 374 (1a).

O’Donovan 2252 (9).

Oersted 4086 (41); 4099-4103 (212);

4105 (82); 4120 (88); 41387 (205);

4140 (41); 4144, 4145 (187); 4146

ee 4150 (88); 4151 (111); 5682

D atin (1); 8802 (82); 8803, 8804

Orcutt 70 (295); 312 (3011); 2644 (127);

3350 (301r); 3437 (122); 3438 (110);

8469 (127); 3841 (122); 4152, 4153

(127); 4524 (117); 4957 (127); 5272

(301lee); 6884 (122).

Ortega 878, 5909 (801b); 6376 (97);

6460 (22); 72380 (297).

Oslo 410 (285); 474 (82).

Ostén 8253 (233); 8308 (276); 8923

(54); 8924 (260).

Otto 191 (181); 142 (80111); 201 (44);

410 (269); 474 (82); 477 (285); 872,

1057 (801a).

Owen 9 (301k); 10 (199).

Pachano 28 (178); 89 (160); 168 (171).

Padilla 4 (44); 161, 161a (112); 162

(96); 163 (6); 164, 165, 477 (48);

478 (46).

Palmer, E., 21 (301r); 32 (20); 91 (297);

124 (801r); 144 (43); 193, 199 (801b);

218 (28); 221 (301r); 237 (121); 260

(97); 281 (801b) ; 283 (22); 306 (801d);

307 (12); 314 (97); 315 (801s); 339

(224); 346 (20); 360 (117); 365 (1);

409, 409a (301lee); 409b (9); 411 (12);

416 (82); 487 (301r); 487a (801b);

515 (801r); 564 (20); 616 (82); 655

‘ (224); 868 (294); 1794 (97); 2110

(301b).

Palmer, E. J., 6321 (232); 10192 (8);

10553 (48); 10942 (93).

Palmer & Riley 194 (9).

Parodi 8400 (296); 8403 (261).

arry & Palmer 259, p.p. (20); 259, p.p.

(28); 392 (301b).

Patschke 26 (189); 191 (235).

Paul 292 (187); 308 (204); 445 (269).

Pearce 35 (166); 309 (163); 694 (210).

Peck 505 (82); 663 (256a); 791 (224);

810 (212); 922 (801b).

Peckholt 7 (Tetrastylis ovalis); 8 (9);

31 (244); 184 (109); 209 (808); 212

(52); 258 (188); 354 (246); 396 (188);

595 (9).

Peebles 8806 (301g).

Peebles & Harrison 2664 (97).

Peebles, Harrison & Kearney 3511

(97); 5644 (20).

Pennell 691 (172); 1078 (68); 1135

(195); 1829 (92); 1548 (187); 1723

(54); 1729 (282); 2408 (132); 2562

(67); 2562A (182); 2718 (824); 3196

(189); 3386 (62); 3387 (187); 3424

(109); 4300 [U. S. series] (48); 4625

(187); 4660 (3011); 4662 (195); 5154

(3S); 711° (178): 7568 .(A77)3 . 7626

(281); 7626 (177); 9064 (256); 9084

(110); 9224, 9317 (4); 9332 (145);

9370 (173); 9898 (4); 10167 (208);

10183 (110); 10190 (6); 10213 (118);

10214 (237); 10223 (203); 10240

(110); 70245 (82); 10836 (75); 10390

(177); 10391 (14); 10394 (166); 10600

(75); 10613 (109); 10614 (111); 10666

(68); 10667 (198); 10882 (203); 10895

(109); 10919 (9); 10946 (14); 10991

(200); 11208 [Jamaica series] (3011);

12029 (301x); 12058 (112); 12059

(12); 12074, 12207 (9); 13567, 18732

(160); 13791 (155); 14040 (179);

14060 ,(280); 14170 (155); 14393

(178); 14723 (158); 14772 (9); 14801

(89); 16944 (801b); 17093 (28); 17985

(6); 18655 (20); 19574 (24).

Pennell & Killip 5411 (203); 5752 (75);

5754 (217); 5877 (255); 5988 (301a);

6115 (256); 6116 (198); 6167 (109);

6173 (81); 6180 (6); 6349 (68); 6350

(202); 6421 (176); 6423 (198); 6450

(68); 6615 (173); 6620 (68); 6982

(320); 7190 (68); 7839 (3); 7441

(166); 8032 (8).

Pennell, Killip & Hazen 8500 (6); 8541

(110); 8581 (6); 8601, 8633 (111);

8670 (118); 8671 (203); 8744 (68);

9094 (176).

Perdonnet 262, 263 (54); 264 (109).

Pérez 92 (172); 392 (203); 510 (6); 669

(77); 747 (187); 1149 (67); 2023

(238); 2567 (198); 2574 (64); 3022

Sete 8028 (177); 4719 (68); 4924

Pati 25 (187); 43 (195); 190 (3011);

191 (127); 415 (88); 498 (110); 585

(127); 664 (88); 881 (127); 1897

(129); 1434 (110); 1449 (187).

Perrottet 31 (181); 52 (8011); 387 (185).

Persaud 24 (181); 185 (33); 263 (185);

842, 342bis (220).

Pettiers 3041 (189).

Pflanz 4005 (9).

Picarda 772 (123); 1174 (84); 1270

tiene 1381 (125); 1532 (88); 1723

110).

Pickel 2202 (235); 2358 (228); 2375

(301a); 2516 (228);.2544 (54); 2548

LIST OF EXSICCATAE

oon 2625 (110); 3099 (222); 4228

228)

Pieters 93 (232).

Pilger 184, 218 (228).

Piper 5479 (6); 5481 (204); 5519 (187);

5520 (82); 5623 (287); 5806 (82); 5835

(187); 5842 (200); 5894, 5941 (301m).

Pittier, E., 65 (12); 167 (116).

Pittier, H. (distributed as Herb. Inst.

physico-geogr. nat. costaricensis, Pit-

tier & Durand, Plantae costaricenses,

or Herb. Pittier, Costa Rica) 332

(301b); 481 (195, hybrid); 497, 538,

1224 (82); 1672 (801b); 1673 (82);

1953 (301b); 1957 (120); 1994, 2922

(301b); 3517 (187); 3630 (6); 3653

(205); 3671 (82); 3904 (195); 3908

(82); 4866 (41); 6584 (6); 6585, 7042,

7406 (187); 8032 (109); 8460 (111);

8655 (187); 8715 (88); 8921 (109);

9595 (187); 9894 (809); 10537 (120);

11182 (187); 11789 (41); 12292,

12764 (82); 18043 (41); 18044 (88);

13207 (195); 16026 (Tetrastylis lobata) ;

16101, 16373 (212); 16675 (1038);

16701 (23); 16916 (83).

Pittier, H. (Guatemala, Salvador, Pan-

ama, Colombia, and Venezuela) 160

(11); 174 (224); 284 (801q); 607

(320); 689 (68); 738 (8); 1424 (178);

1445 (176); 1504 (801m); 1509 (173);

1598 (801u); 1725 (301m); 1949 (6);

1966 (301dd); 2089 (301m); 2091

(82); 2195 (200); 2461 (82); 2474

(301m); 2515 (200); 2517 (187); 2578

(82); 2668 (187); 2678 (801m); 3285

(38); 3456 (6); 3569 (801m); 3607

(82); 3998 (54); 4402 (9); 5508

(301m); 5556 (63); 6027, 6163, 6169

(801a); 6196 (116); 6197 (71); 6313

(3011); 6954 (801m); 7141 (801a);

7844, 7567 (116); 7570 (71); 7808

(269); 7819 (801a); 7842 (3011); 7871

(9); 7908 (112); 8139 (288); 8815

(3011); 8854 (256); 8870, 8875 (203);

9131 (12); 9870 (178); 9468 (301a);

9512 (71); 9548 (801la); 9567 (9);

9590 (116); 9591 (71); 9783 (9);

9833 (71); 9930 (111); 10267 (285);

10821 (38011); 10440 (71); 10609

(227a); 10871 (54); 11183 (228);

11268 (12); 11887 (110); 11607

(301la); 11655 (206); 11813 (256);

11910 (12); 11970 (9); 12161 (3011);

12259 (9); 12408 (195); 12904 (172);

13095 (44); 13109 (801j); 13234

(172); 18499 (12); 18598 (9); 13859

(269); 18922 (233); 18958 (72).

Plée 869 (126).

Poeppig 34, 71 (260); 1695 (198); 1790

(33); 2171 (201); 2172 (197); 2173

(30ly); 2802 (88); 2584 (220); 2618

595

(ot); 2712, 2893 (220); D.443 (260);

170 (42); D.2187 (353); D.2644

(32 1),

Pohl 8 (334); 920 (196); 921 (189); 922

(264); 928 (188); 924 (220); 1018

(264); 1228 (10); 2808 (3010); 2484

(259); 2629 (801n); 2863 (220); 3108

(196); 8471 (288); 3498 (335); 83521

Po i a Schott 2454 (3801p); 3588 (188).

Pollard 1271 (232).

Pollard, Collins & Morris 158 (9); 181

(1).

Pollard & Maxon 106 (43).

Pollard & Palmer 351 (301jj).

Pollard, Palmer & Mauna 79 (9); 98

(128); 249 (9); 279 (801i).

Poortmann 57, p.p. (166); 57. p.p. (173a).

Popenoe 674 (198); 818 (121); 853

(198); 1054 (166); 1060 (172); 1078

(160); 1081, 1083 (178); 1094 (198);

1114 (132); 1116 (148); 1120 (172);

1120a (173); 1124 (203); 1189 (172);

1140, 1158 (173); 1228 (172); 1250

fae) 1271 (210); 1284 (171); 1816

Bae 1336 (170); 1848 (208); 1855

(172).

Prenleloup 227 (125). ,

Prey 21, 80 (9).

Pringle 52, Cuba (110); 52, Mexico

(297); 27h (97); 38380 (20); 2235

(801b); 2966, 3520 (9); 3638 (107);

4847 (301ee); 5048, 5049 (9); 5278

(28); 53865 (82); 5463 (20); 5750 (21);

5762 (82); 5872 (28); 6181 (269);

6826 (45); 7509 (301b); 7823 (301r);

7840 (107); 9207 (45); 9625 (28);

13427 (25); 18468 (301b); 13673 (47);

18684 (25); 13763 (301b).

Pruess 1463 (60).

Puiggari 150 (5); 2951 (233).

Pulle 38 (3011); 65 (181); 186 (185);

200 (307); 202 (181); 223 (286); 353

(181); 497 (58); 549 (220).

Purpus 486 (117a); 956 (28); 1272 (9);

2064 (301r); 2065 (88); 2066 (82);

2067 (9); 2295 (44); 2500 (28); 2722a

(301b); 3540 (20); 8542 (269); 8543-

3545 (9); 3546 (49); 3547 (9); 3689

(256); 3765 (50); 4072, 4073 (9);

4337 (111); 5580 (6); 5881 (108);

6022 (12); 6233 (25); 6234 (9); 6235

(44); 6286 (301b); 6237 (12); 6903

(301b); 6989 (111); 7028 (120); 7098

(111); 7128 (9); 7145 (301b); 7294

(88); 7495, 7496 (82); 7664 (256);

8076 (20); 8804 (107); 8805 (301r);

8904 (111); 8905 (82); 9258 (801b);

10012 (38); 10025 (12); 10211 (97);

10857 (119); 10362 (269); 10670,

ia 13064 (50); 15800 (224); 15740

596 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Quentin 12 (3011).

Raimondi 581 (186); 614 (220); 2233

23 8597 (158); 11479 (180); 11585

Raunkiaer 769 (125); 850 (213); 1356

(9); 1381 (218).

Reddick 349 (111).

Reed 1082 (3011).

Regnell 77 (226); 78 (241); 4501 (52).

I.164 (264); 17.128 (233); III.636

(260); III.637 (241); III.638 (52);

ITI.639 (109); III.640 (9); III.642

(196); III.1701 (18).

Reimoser 289 (88).

Reineck & Czermak 60 (54); 361 (9).

Reko 3486 (44); 3753 (121); 4574 (9);

4822 (47); 4839 (27); 4962 (22).

Renson 259 (301aa).

Reverchon 328 (8).

Ricksecker 186 (9); 233, 271 (8011);

279, 279bis (195); 322 (9); 381, 501,

502 (218).

Riedel 535 (Mitostemma brevifilis); 717

(189); 789 (40).

Riedel & Luschnath 714 (3801p); 715

(226); 716 (235); 718 (109); 720

ee Naame ovalis); 1108 (29); 1197

33).

Rimbach 151 (172); 152 (178); 222 (4);

255 (6).

merire 428, 452, 465 (334); 780 (228);

782

tokio 242 (1a).

Rodriguez 1405, 1481 (9); 2001, 2259

(801b); 2323 (9).

Roig 8 (270); 3849 (227a); 4198 (3011);

5749 (2); 6066 (131); 7395 (1).

Roig & Acufia 4520 (1).

Roig & Cremata 2174 (1).

Roig & Leén 2630 (1); 4683 (110); 4708

(225); 7923 (9); 8254 (1); 8258 (9).

Rojas 107 (54).

Rorer 26 (198).

Rorud 214 (301z).

Rose 1206 (297); 1446 (301b); 1998

(301t); 2443, 2894 (301b); 2946 (9);

2965 (28); 3017 (97); 3460, 3504,

3796 (9); 4014 (30lee); 4164, 4442

(9); 4938 (107); 11323 (44); 13753

(97); 16285 (295); 16464 (297b);

16615, 16691 (294); 18084 (301b);

18109 (44); 18110, 18773 (9); 18776

(198); 18979 (172); 22110 (191);

22133 (176); 22275 (110); 22294 (9);

22343 (172); 22697 (154); 22827

(170); 22984 (110); 23129 (118);

232383 (185); 23266 (113); 23286

(176); 28343 (110); 23398 (195);

23504 (198); 23598 (301a); 23776

Stk 23854 (9); 23900 (185); 24090

Rose, Fitch & Russell 3459 (110); 3590

(3011); 3787, 3911, 4191 (125).

Rose & Hay 5838 (9).

Rose & Hough 4260 (107); 4382 (301b);

4602, 4634 (21); 4676 (801lee); 4748

(9); 4875 (301r).

Rose, Pachano & Rose 23154 (164).

Rose & Painter 6558 (301b); 7395 (9).

Rose, Painter & Rose 9513, 9728 (20);

9957 (9); 10056 (301ee).

Rose & Russell 19870 (301b); 20080

(301n); 20231 (189); 24170 (801b);

24171 (44); 24283 (9).

Rose, Standley & Russell 12931 (301b);

13688 (297); 14182 (12); 14276

(301b); 15041 (297).

Rothery 115 (3011).

Rothrock 52 (233); 344 (38); 378 (299);

379, 568, 577 (128).

Rovirosa 102 (82); 129 (224); 212 (6);

559 (301b); 560 (801gg); 781 (256a);

813 (108); 1036 (212).

Rowlee & Mixter 1097 (191).

masts & Stork 619, 723 (105); 995

Rugel 243 (128); 255-257 (9); 350 (12);

351 (110); 828 (12); 838 (110).

Ruiz & Pavén 533 (163).

Runyon 445 (301b); 512 (9); 521, 1492

(43); 1502 (232).

Rusby 48 (301ee); 489 (260); 490 (201);

492, 493 (185); 494 (289); 496, 828a

Rot 1272 (211); 2089 (354); 2457

3010); 2465 (183).

Rusby & Pennell 735 (198); 942 (813);

1095 (301a).

Rusby & Squires 4 (187); 179 (801ii).

Russell & Souviron 10 (301g).

Ruth 408 (232); 409 (43).

Rutten & Rutten 344 (269).

Saer 11 (301j).

Safford 425 (48).

Safford & Mosier 32, 227, 298, 299 (9).

Sagot 281 (213); 283 (185); 287 (181);

385 (38).

St. Hilaire 18bis (109); 135 (338); 177

(235); 225 (241); 287 (196); 403

(226); 465 (291); 556 (233); 590

(188); 680 (233); 7O4bis, 716 (109);

719 (251); 753 (228); 976 (233); 988,

1623 (264); 1689 (Tetrastylis ovalis) :

1811 (189): 1955 (102); 2157 (291);

2239 (303); 2291 (260); 2529 (301h).

Salas 584 (26).

Salt JJ (112).

Salzmann 289 (301a); 290 (222); 291

(246).

Sampaio 5240, 5375 (381).

Samuels 124 (220); 239 (200); 327

(3011); 468 (213); 503 (3011).

‘LIST OF EXSICCATAE

errtie 254 (215); 306 (186); 471

Santoro 684 (233).

Sargent, C. S. 36 (9).

Sargent, F. H. 193 (8011); 322 (88);

578 (801a); 599 (88).

Sauvalle 8 (9); 893 (801Il).

Savage 59 (301b).

Savatier 490 (158); 1436 (81); 14388,

1439 (9); 1631 (158).

Sawada P1 (174); P97 (158).

Schaffner 109, p.p. (20); 109, p.p. (28);

136 (260); 454 (28); 553 (82).

Schickendantz 23 (272); 46 (198); 105

(272); 118 (198); 146 (272).

Schiede 53 (269); 85 (111).

Schimpff 22 (301z); 52 (9); 181 (176);

261 (178).

Schipp 143 (224); 466 (212); 648

(801hh); 713 (32); 803 (6); 1154

(801b); 1215 (256a); 1302 (212);

1304 (104).

Schlim 285 (324); 301 (152); 418 (173);

585 (318); 693 (325); 829 (168); 830

(65); 1142 (815); 1148 (325); 1709

(315).

Schnitz 497 (28).

Schomburgk 33, p.p. (185); 33, p.p.

(181); 75 (88); 92 (125); 97 (83);

141 (298); 154 (58); 289 (33); 339

(227); 377, 403 (349); 424 (326); 558

(301a); 606 (181); 632 (801la); 633

(227); 642 (60); 664 (58); 709 (181);

818 (54); 938 (185); 956 (220); 960

(33); 986 (338).

Schott 1 (187); 3,.405 (112); 898 (9);

983 (301ff).

Schultze 35 (173); 56 (67); 58 (147); 66

(245); 151 (322); 225 (67); 266 (301u);

550 (187); 762 (313); 1295 (168);

1622 (12).

Schulz 401 (93); 785 (438).

Schumann 601 (20).

Schwacke 7427 (241); 7474 (835); 9385

(302); 15667 (339).

Schwyn 711 (349), 713 (218).

Seaton 504 (82).

Seemann 119 (195); 502 (187); 503

(301m); 1626 (111).

Seibert 160 (41); 180 (88).

Seifriz 15 (109); 227 (301u); 413 (168).

Seler 95 (21); 272 (224); 1665, 1670

(30lee); 2119 (801r); 3143 (38);

3579 (172); 4947 (301ff); 5116 (301q);

5131 (82); 5493 (224).

Selliers 3039 (338).

Sello 214 (246); 290 (241); 310 (335);

837 (54); 358 (279); 584 (338); 598

(109); 668 (54); 709 (265); 894 (83);

920 (265); 1092, 1105 (335); 1115

(302); 1126 (335); 1149 (264); 2124

597

(246); 2125 (341); 2126 (208); 2127

(52); 2128 (102); 2129 (78); 2130

(264); 2131 (265); 2182 (188); 2147

(246); 2148 (841); 2149 (78); 2150

(188); 2323 (301e?); 2835 (291);

2480, 2488 (54); 3963 (18); 5079,

5769 (302); 5960 (251).

Sessé & Mocifio 3302 (82); 4447, 4448

(224); 4452, 4453 (108); 4454, 4455

(112); 4456 (82); 4457, 4458 (6);

4459 (47); 4460, 4461, p.p. (38);

4461, p.p. (47); 4462 (6); 4464 (269);

4467 (301b); 4468 (12); 4469 (801b);

4470, p.p. (301gg); 4470, p.p. 4471

(301r); 4472 (301b); 4473 (28); 4474

(121); 4475 (16); 4476, 4477, p.p.

(28); 4477, p.p. (20); 4478 (111).

Shafer 70 (2); 121 (9); 178 (110); 226

(3011); 358 (110); 361 (181); 380,

422, 442 (9); 465, 619 (110); 641 (1);

684 (30111); 685 (128); 850 (801kk);

871 (181); 923 (1); 1018 (9); 1101

(301kk); 1744 (124); 1995 (87); 2451

(131); 2506 (9); 2509 (3011); 2529,

2564 (9); 2690 (30111); 2714 (301kk);

2768, 2788 (9); 2980 (38); 2987, 3054

(110); 3071, 3073 (9); 3081 (301kk);

3208 (9); 3840 (80111); 3483 (195);

3492 (110); 3554 (86); 3597 (9); 3618

(301kk); 3772 (181); 4411 (213);

4466 (124); 4857, 10474 (9); 10519

(1); 10567 (9); 11125 (1); 111382

(227a); 11677 (9); 11682 (227); 11829

tray: 11858, 12170 (80111); 13107

131).

Shannon 274 (6); 447 (195).

Shattuck 57 (6).

Sickles 1249 (301b).

Sieber 241 (110).

Simmons 8 (67).

Simpson 260 (9); 494 (1).

Singer 369 (232).

Sintenis 341, 341b, 341c (110); 342

(38); 343 (126); 490, 581 (195); 644

(9); 687 (1); 810, 810b (301a); 811,

811c (9); 1122 (195); 1124 (110);

1166 (203); 1171 (126); 1681 (9);

1682 (3011); 1724, 1810 (110); 1890

(213); 2504 (110); 2597 (126); 2634,

2701 (38); 2758 (110); 2759 (3011);

2949 (1); 2968 (38); 3487, 3488 KE

4176 (126); 4289 (110); 4944 (3011);

5114 (9); 5278 (126); 5426 (197);

5667, 5668 St 6010 (126); 6017

(110); 6081 (126); 6204 (38); 6479

trae 6560 (203); 6654 (1); 6979

Skutch 274 (120); 1468 (88); 2044 (82);

2129 (120); 2617 (187).

Sladen 428 (54).

Small et al. 5733, 5787, 5923, 6586 (9).

598 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Small & Carter 8449 (128); 8507, 8571,

8754, (299); 8815, 8822 (9).

Small & Mosier 5484 (88); 5751 (1);

5920 (38).

Small, Mosier & Carter 6769 (232).

Smith, C. L., 47 (187); 245 (801lee);

246 (801b); 584 (16); 1388 (9).

Smith, Dorrien, 303 (334).

Smith, G. W., 736 (99); 942 (218).

Smith, H. H., 183 (195); 236 (213); 607

(110); 732 (101); 796 (8011); 1312

(197); 1528 (269); 1529 (111); 1530

(187); 1531 (9); 1582 (80lu); 1590

(112); 1591 (54); 1594 (71); 1596

(112); 1597 (82); 1696 (112); 1697,

1761 (71); 1876 (99); 1882 (818);

1955 (6); 1956 (82); 2624 (9); 2781

(6); B182 (218).

Me H. H. & G. W., 615, 1314, 1616

Smith, J. D. (including distribution of

exsiccatae of other collectors), 1624

(38); 1625 (7); 1626 (195); 1627

(198); 1919 (269); 1948, 1986 (301b);

2016 (801gg); 2083 (82); 2088 (195);

2099 (82); 2136, 2143 (48); 2466

(195); 2492 (48); 3092 (120); 3965

(198); 4810, 4811 (187); 6141, 6142

(109); 6334 (117); 6527 (195); 6528

(82); 6529 (118); 6530 (41); 70381

(309); 7522 (195); 8887 (46).

Smith, L. B., 1402 (283); 1415 (Tetra-

stylis ovalis); 1518 (233); 1630 (251);

1805, 2170 (82); 2841 (189).

Smith, L. B., et al. 3075 (9); 3145 (181);

8146 (30111); 3382 (110).

Smith, L. C., 44 (21); 189 (801lee); 465

(301b); 466 (269).

Sneidern 438 (166); 985 (8); 1059, 1060

(166); 1112 (176).

Snethlage 8199 (58).

Snodgrass & Heller 321 (9); 496 (301z);

625 (9).

Sodiro 561 (3011); 562 (69); 562b, p.p.

(13); 562b, p.p. (198); 567 (178a).

Soeprata 27 (8011); 33F (218); 35F

(58); 75, 174 (801)).

Solis 31 (10).

Splitgerber 20 (301a); 458 (220); 464

(213); 608: (58);\-781. (481); 7938

(801a); 1163 (197).

Spruce 702 (8011); 760 (214); 1172

(216); 1320-3 (Dilkea eng

1320-5 (Dilkea retusa); 1394, p.p.

(216); 1394, p.p. (353); 1616 (186);

1629 (54); 1637 (185); 1670, 1676

(3831); 1789 (186); 2191 (216); 2222

(33); 2247 (182); 2814 (8011); 2868

(182); 3022 (186a); 3390 (216); 3472

(220); 3923 (192); 3988 (284); 4052

(201); 4582 (6); 4901 (84); 5171

(176); 5493 (173); 6142 (83); 6144,

6203 (311); 6458 (801b); 6459, 8014

(275); 9114 (83).

Stahel & Gonggrijp 59 (326); 61, 88

(181); 112 (54).

Stahl 391 (110); 542 (301a); 608 (9);

1102 (88).

Stalmach 191 (97).

Standley 5707, 8500 (232); 8939 (48);

18987 (9); 19279 (46); 19485 (195);

19487 (205); 19727 (801b); 19733

(109); 19887, 20024 (44); 20138 (48);

20188 (9); 20602 (6); 20817 (801b);

21306 (6); 21475 (96); 21633, 21901

(301b); 21953 (82); 22006, 22209

(801dd) ; 22476 (301b) ; 22608 (301aa);

22728 (6); 22768 (80laa); 22821

(96); 22856 (198); 23228 (112);

23278 (301aa); 23444, 23968 (301b);

24014 (6); 24210 (82); 24607, 24959

(6); 25125 (801b); 25857 (9); 25554

(301m); 25819 (200); 25834, 25982

(82); 26911 (301m); 27291 (200);

27308 (187); 27623 (200); 27844 (82);

27971 (269); 28101 (187); 28179,

28684 (200); 28702, 29862 (187);

29566 (200); 29569 (187); 29594 (6);

29802 (82); 29998 (200); 30225 (187);

30286 (200); 30349 (82); 30605 (187);

30634 (200); 30733 (9); 30947 (187);

80949 (88); 31040, 31184 (82); 31280

(187); 31617 (6); 32051 (269); 32057

(195); 32959 (61); 33063 (9); 33619

(Tetrastylis lobata); 33632 (256);

33642 (198); 34146 (48); 34627 (120);

85450 (111); 35823 (82); 35996 (198);

36087 (82); 36312 (61); 36684 (82);

36958 (187); 36989 (105); 37016

(82); 37159 (195); 37186, 37314 (187);

87370 (82); 87742, 37869, 38051

(61); 38366 (109); 38746, 38765

(120); 39308 (61); 39352 (Tetrastylis

lobata); 39355 (82); 89463 (256);

39673, 39720, 39793 (Tetrastylis lo-

bata); 39820 (82); 40041 (195);

40050 (205); 40781 (112); 41490 (9);

41607 (41); 41796 (Tetrastylis lobata);

41928 (120); 42617 (88); 42780 (120);

42945 (41); 43130 (198); 46833 (82);

49305 (801b); 50868 (38); 51286

(61); 52665 (30lgg); 52783 (6);

52806 (105); 52914 (256a); 53289

(212); 58575 (82); 54874 (224);

54480 (801lb); 54625 (212); 54712

(6); 54764 (224); 54992 (118); 55291

(82); 56658 (6); 56786a (212); 56827

(82); 56861 (301b).

Standley & Torres 47906 (41); 51262

(Tetrastylis lobata).

Standley & Valerio 44024 (195, hy-

brid); 44479 (Tetrastylis lobata);

44543 (287); 44942 (256); 45038,

45158, 45874 (187); 46091 (224);

LIST OF EXSICCATAE

46149

47172

48364

48549

(Tetrastylis lobata); 46497,

(187); 47887 (212); 48349,

(73); 48400, 48420 (195);

(187); 48672 (256a); 49955

(120); 51889 (Tetrastylis lobata);

51417 (41); 51571 (120); 51917

(Tetrastylis lobata)

Steele 14 (48).

Steere 1089 (301ff); 1111 (112); 1437

(301b); 1445 (801ff); 1554 (801b);

- 1888 (6); 2083 (112); 3021, 3022

(301bb).

Stehlé 190, 253 (9); 312 (8011); 317

Mt (195); 547, 1540 (3011); 1924

Steinbach 2206 (56); 5225 (301a); 5347,

5849 (19); 63852 (185); 5765 (161);

7201 (197); 7220 (201); 8019 (19);

8045 (110); 8635 (193); 8722 (160);

9069 (267); 9523 (161); 9692 (56);

9823 (264).

Steinheil 30 (3011); 177 (213).

Stevens, F. L., 19 (191); 40 (95); 146

(79); 154 (197); 198 (110); 200 (240);

202 (110); 322, 324 (9); 328 (110);

829 (3011); 596 (83); 687 (54); 1046

e. 1153 (200); 1789 (301a); 1818

Stevens, G. W., 2601 (232); 2638 (43).

Stevenson 90 (301a); 158 (110); 925

(301a); 1248 (1); 1856 (9); 5210 (197);

6420 (238); 6715 (195).

Stewart 2067-2069, 2071-2073 (301z);

2074-2082 (9).

Stone 270 (301ff); 286 (301gg).

saris 276 (82); 436 (15); 476 (61); 1197

(

Stiibel : (261); 106a (187); 181a, 131b,

159 (176); 321a (166); 321b (141).

Stuckert 151 (260); 2302 (261); 4507

(19); 4791, 4965 (260); 5060, 7959

(261); 8912 (301e); 9122 (260); 9480

(19); 9754 (260); 9915 (301h); 10320

(30le); 11195 (261); 12571 (234);

13942 (30le); 14003 (260); 14215

(19); 14689 (260); 14849, 14962,

14999 (301h); 15194 (261); 15195

(19); 15474 (271); 16977 (801e);

18680 (19); 19572, 19782, 19964

(301e).

Svenson 349 (43).

Swallen 198, 2138 (232); 3288 (181);

3309 (216); 4325 (288); 4474 (3010);

5095 (214).

Sydow 328 (175).

Tate, G. H. H. (Bolivia) 495 (56); 592

(301a); 654 (70); 655 (264).

Tate, G. H. H. (Northern Venezuela)

137 (67).

Tate, G. H. H. (Tyler-Duida Expedi-

tion) 83 (220); 97 (185); 133 (3011);

599

185 (182); 207 (348); 323 (333); 357

(185); 521 (333).

Tate, R., 109 (195); 110 (82); 111 (287);

ye (2); 118, 114 (187); 115, 116,

Taylor 38 (125); 42 (110); 461 (1).

Tejada 248 (6).

Tessmann 3091 (30ly); 3155 (201);

8187 (185); 3194 (56); 3309 (186);

8373 (197); 3675 (331); 3703 (220);

4385 (342); 4588 (3846); 4770 (352);

4933 (33); 4942 tr9: 4955 (197);

4969 (53); 5273 (79); 5286 (381);

5464 (301y).

Tharp 836 (232); 1538 (8); 2448 (48);

2850, 3615, 3616 (8).

Thering 82 (54).

Thiébaut 1118 (97).

Thieme 5242 (6); 5248 (224); 5244

(12); 5245 (82); 5246 (118).

Thompson, J. B., 37 (3011); 367 (9).

sari W. J., 7924 (8011); 7981

Thornber 225 (97).

Thurber 704 (97).

Tidestrom 6723 (48).

Toepffer 765 (218). F

Tomedén-Felix 53 (92).

Tonduz 760, 1672 (301b); 1704 (82);

6759 (301b); 7030 (187); 7250 (28);

7807 (82); 7426 (109); 8396, 8467

(82); 8655 (187); 9081 (82); 9190

(224); 9824 (187); 9825 (195); 9826

(38); 9827 (105); 9828 (224); 9329

(73); 9592 (287); 9593 (78); 9777,

10417 (82); 104380 (198); 10908 (9);

11411 (111); 11789 (41); 12292 (82);

12450 (61); 12614 (212); 12808 (6);

13001 (195); 13002 (33); 18003 (187);

13048 (41); 18044 (38); 13146 (105);

13512 (801b); 18851 (82); 14830 (6);

14844 (82); 17462 (41).

Toro 9, 10 (178); 214 (202); 283 (203);

361 (3011); 1041 (111); 1116 (187).

Torres 90 (9); 204 (111).

Tracey 19 (166); 64 (287); 265 (301b);

439 (67).

Tracy 5075 (48); 7518, 7655 (9); 8296

(43); 8726 (232); 9168 (9).

Tresling 309 (181).

Triana 527 (67); 2463 (166); 2548 (64);

2931 (220); 2932 (33); 2933 (6); 2934

(71); 2986 (208); 2987 (220); 2938

(318); 2939 (824); 2940, 2941 (187);

2942 (198); 2943 (245); 2944 (801a);

2945 (82); 2946, 2947, p.p. (269);

2947, p.p. (238); 2949 (68); 2951

(90); 2952 (134); 2957 (313); 2959

(182); 2961 (172); 2962 (176); 2966

tien 2969 (160); 2970 (145); 2971

177):

600 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

Trinidad (Dept. of Agriculture) Her-

barium 526 (9); 638 (186); 639, 640

(197); 641 (9); 642 (33); 643 (301a);

2588 (60); 2589 (195); 2592 (58);

2594, 2595 (60); 2596, 2597 (285);

2598 (186); 2599 (60); 2981 (110);

3514 (186); 3580 (301a); 3618 (9);

3851 (60); 5017 (9); 5268 (285); 5293

(33); 5399 (301a); 5703 (60); 6067

(233); 6423 (301a); 6424 (110); 7455,

7996, 8322 (801la); 8398 (233); 8465

(58); 9025 (33); 9110 (213); 9343

(301a); 9373 (110); 9808 (60); 10388

(197); 10389 (9); 10390 (206); 10391

(301a); 10892-10394 (285); 10733

(186); 10743 (60);.10912 (213); 10968

(110); 10999 (213); 11107 (301a);

11173 (110); 11450 (801a); 11542

(285); 11508, 11705 (186); 11749

(197); 11861 (33); 11901 (227); 12012

(206); 12568 (9).

Trochon 28 (195).

Troll 465 (261); 1146 (276); 2238 (56).

Tulleken 92 (218); 102, 141 (801a);

256 (54); 325 (181); 311 (3011); 499

(181).

Tiirckheim 545 (256a); 686 (38); 687

(199); 875 (50); 986 (256a); 1128

(198); 1207 (11); 1425 (39); 2480

(256a); 2584 (110); 2628, 2679 (125);

2680, 2774 (110); 3190 (125); 3253

(110); 3254 (88); 5247 (44); 7745

(256a); 7877 (105); 8211 (212); 8213

(256a); 8214 (301q); 8215 (6); 8216

(38); 8218 (82); II.188 (256a); IJ.614,

1I.1389 (38); II.1618 (50); [7.1723

(38); I7.1724 (50); I7.1725 (256a);

IT.2234 (199); [7.2368 (11).

Tweedie 179 (54); 181 (273); 1173

(273); 1871 (246); 2524 (261).

Ule 28 (60); 60 (827); 207 (306); 369

(251); 925 (279); 1669 (228); 2568

(52); 2569 (305); 2570 (302); 3795

(208); 3796 (285, hybrid); 3797

(246); 3798 (889); 4458 (226); 4733

(54); 4906 (218); 4987 (52); 5110

(353); 5111 (8010); 5112 (186); 5381a

(Dilkea Johannesii); 5555 (185);

5830 (289); 5831 (56); 5832 (353);

5974 (220); 6100 (83); 6337 (213);

6461 (6); 6462 (192); 6545 (213);

6546 (110); 6679 (346); 7165 (228);

7465 (235); 7637 (227a); 7707 (349);

7708 (826); 7851 (209); 7852 (186);

7858 (54); 7983 (3010); 8665 (33);

8666 (185); 8667 (333); 9644, 9645

(33).

Underwood & Griggs 39 (110); 113, 346

(3011); 362 (110); 472 (9); 788 (195).

United Fruit Company 344 (6).

Vaght 288 (120).

Valerio, J., 14 (Tetrastylis lobata); 22

(256).

Valerio, M., 1318 (256a).

Valeur 134 (125); 515 (88); 627 (203);

888 (88).

Van Hermann 331 (9); 574 (301b); 616

(195); 781, 863, 914 (9); 3138 (301b);

3224, 3306, 3921, 5032 (9); 8092 (195).

Van Ufford 33 (82).

Vargas 262 (301a).

Vattuone & Bianchi 87 (54).

Venturi 357 (9); 625 (301e); 657 (273);

670 (19); 745 (301h); 967 (59); 1101

(19); 1167 (80le); 1607 (9); 1628

(301h); 2227 (273); 2244, 3691 (272);

4404 (9); 5092 (260); 5175 (9); 5900

(19); 5959 (276); 6043 (284); 7451 .

(273); 7504 (801h); 7522, 7555 (234);

7628 (261); 7629 (228); 7630 (260);

7631 (19); 7694 (234); 7794 (801e);

7914 (276); 7916 (9); 7919 (276);

8085 (272); 8088, 8355 (19); 9011

(193); 9215, 9216 (272); 9217 (19);

9218 (193); 9322 (59); 9752 (261);

9917 (272); 10294 (284); 10338

(301e).

Versteeg 177, 255 (331); 318 (181); 537

(185); 652 (213); 708 (58); 772 (181);

850 (381).

Vidal-Sénége 4714 (3011).

Viereck 25 (71).

Vivas 6 (228).

Wachenheim 61 (218); 115 (185).

Wahy 142 (185).

Walker 1204 (301a); 1234 (112).

Warming 360 (12); 363 (206); 584

(3011); 1113 (233); 1152 (264); 1153

(18); 1154 (196); 1158 (54); 1159

(109); 1160 (102); 1161 (109); 1162

(339); 1163, 1164 (248); 1165 (189);

1166 (241); 1168 (302); 1169 (305);

1170 (246); 1171 (188); 1172 (291);

1174 (802); 1175 (188); 1176, 1177

(9); 1178 (228); 1179 (226); 1180

(196); 1182 (246); 1183 (226); 1185

(188); 1187 (246).

Warscewicz 2, 227 (187).

Watson 81 (118); 97 (82); 212 (256a);

244b (44); 249, 405 (118).

Wawra 293 (224); 344 (9); 527 (81);

726 (224); 2651 (9).

Wawra & Maly 530 (251).

Webber 225 (9).

Weberbauer 261 (158); 872 (173); 1733

(160); 1735 (95); 2171 (280); 2654

(158); 2675 (178); 2878a (158); 2999

(173); 3165 (31); 3329 (168); 3541

(167); 4051 (176); 5545 (95); 5679

(155); 6456 (801b); 6542 (280); 6761

(185); 6933 (179); 7845 (178); 7637

LIST OF EXSICCATAE

(81); 7653 (110); 7690 (3011); 7704

(89); 7872 (243); 7920 (289); 7939

(197); 7949 (19).

Weddell 161 (189); 583 (226); 717

(241); 797 (208); 808 (238); 1333

(303); 2828 (8010); 2896 (102); 3025

(56); 3395 (188); 3404 (185); 4130

(160); 4251 oy): 4777 (198).

Wendland 887 (1).

Wengel 1308 (301jj).

Went 213 (3011); 351 (213); 568 (58).

Werdermann 2068 (161); 2164 (79);

2616 (56); 2700 (228).

Werner 15 (176).

Wetmore 209 (38).

Widgren 117 (110); 131 (235); 328

(241); 574 (264); 575 (302); 578 (291);

712, 718, 910 (265); 921 (189); 922

(233); 1165 (Mitostemma Glaziovii).

Wiggins 5929 (97).

Wight 23 (9); 129 (128); 156 (9); 160

(3011); 198 (110).

Williams, L., 188 (195); 526 (55); 562

(186); 780, 1104 (186a); 1130 (220);

1184 (358); 1201 (58); 1383 (220);

1892, 1440 (216); 1517 (220); 2458

(353); 2459 (186); 2737 (53); 2800

(220); 3086 (257); 3118 (186); 3126

(216); 3751 (197); 3894, 3917 (185);

3962, 3977 (30ly); 4145 (185); 4175

(79); 4226 (88); 4745 (185); 4980

(201); 5069 (30ly); 5075 (57); 5112

(301ly); 5153 (197); 5180 (284); 5213

(57); 5252 (58); 5418 (80ly); 5418

(192); 5514 (87); 5517 (6); 55565

(192); 5637 (216); 5709 (192); 5751

(6); 5776 (192); 5848 (216); 5902

(355); 5922 (81); 6300 (216); 6327

(57); 6378 (216); 6379, 6450 (185);

6843 (301a); 7088 (110); 7250 (195);

601

7821 (185); 7847 Cala 7873 (83);

7876, 7996 (216); 8070 (79).

Williams, R._S:,. 226: (82); $74(211);

432 (33); 515. (211); 585 (204); 643

(211); 789 (56); 790, 847 (185); 1150

(187); 1586 (185); 1555 (195).

Wilson 256 (6); 279 (110); 445 (256a);

528 (801b); 533 (6); 626, 628 (82);

1099, 1808 (9); 7177,. 7188 (128);

7189 (299); 7278, 7661, 7838 (298);

7856, 7887, 7996, 8008, 8091 (128);

8215 (3011); 8262 (9); 8274 (128);

8877 (110); 11405 (1); 11516 (12).

wise, & Leén 7761 (801b); 11534

Wolff 11 (801b); 2297 (48).

Wright 133 (110); 171 (8); 197 (9); 198

(2); 198a (181); 199 (203); 200 (38);

201 (110); 216 (8); 217, 218 (98);

1083 (8); 1084 (20); 1229, 1280 (97);

1245 (9); 1842 (82); 1615 (131); 2597

(9); 2598 (1); 2599 (270); 2600 (227);

2601 (801kk); 2602 (301jj); 2603

(301b); 2604 (85); 2605 (128);

3568, pe. (1); 3568, p.p. (12).

Wright & Palmer 29 (125).

Wright & Parry 1 (110).

ure Parry & Brummel 27, 26, 30

Wullschlagel 212 (266); 213 (213);

214 (58); 215 (197); 216, p.p. (301a);

216, p.p. (3011); 217 (185); 218 (181);

237 (213); 841 (127); 842 (130); 982

(195); 1475 (220); 1476 (286).

Wydler 88 (9); 100 (3011); 258 (110).

Yuncker 4668 (301gg)

Yuncker, Dawson & Youse 5583 (301b).

Zaandam 6893 (58).

INDEX

Synonyms in italics. Page numbers of principal entries in bold face.

Adenia 9

Adenosepala 27

Akuti-kaé 577

Ala de murciélago 86, 189

Amapola 380

Anjoemara koesjilikodo 158

Anthactinia 29, 409

longipes 408

Apodogyne 24

Asephananthes 25, 192

Assi do mato 339

Astephananthes 25, 193

bilobata 192

Astephia 24

Astrophea (as genus) 31

emarginata 532

glaberrima 538

glauca 525

ovata 530

Astrophea (as subgenus) 31

Badea 339

Badera 339

Baldwinia 25

peltata 89

Barbadine 339

Bedoca 477

Bejuco canastilla 477

de blatijito 86

de manteca 80

Bel appel 477

Bell apple 368, 376

Blaka markoesa 158

Bolivianae 28

Bombillo 476

Botryastrophea 32

Bracteogama 28

Bull hoof 222

Burucuyé 426

Caguajasa 476

Calabiso de los Indios 354

Calobassic 354

Calopathanthus 29

Calzoncillo 141, 148, 189, 201, 217, 226

Camacarlata 189, 226

Canizo 476

Capsicum 98

Cattleya Mossiae 148

Ccoto-gguantte 344

Ceibey cimarrén 354

Ceratosepalum 26

glandulosum 224

micranthum 222

parviflorum 224

Chloropathanthus 26

602

Cieca (as genus) 25

angustifolia 90

appendiculata 122

auriculata 122

bauhiniaefolia 170

Berteriana 126

bilobata 192

Cavanillesit 245

cinerea 122

colubrina 349

coriacea 83

cuprea 245

Dictamo 1438

difformis 83

discolor 149

flexuosa 90

glabrata 185

globosa 90

gracilis 97

hederacea 90

heterophylla 89

limbata 90

littoralis 90

membranacea 234

mexicana 201

minima 89, 90

misera 149

multiflora 77

nigra 89

normalis 244

olivaeformis 90

pallida 90

pannosa 129

peltata 90

porophylla 146

pseudo-suberosa 90

pubescens 214

suberosa 89

Sururuca 381

trisetosa 141

vartolata 311

Vellozii 514

viridis 89

Warei 90

Cieca (subgenus) 25

Cinco-llagas 477

Cirrhipes 31

Clavellin blanco 476

Coanenepilli 203

Cocapitos 111

Comida de culebra 224

Conch apple 354

Contraverva 203

Corona de la reina 470

Croce trionfante 7

Crossostemma 8

Cuguazo 476

Culupa 354

Cumba quitefia 304

Curub4 287, 293, 298, 354

Curubita 298

Curubito de indio 298

Curuvito 322

Decaloba (as genus) 25

alnifolia 169

A sonii 204

biflora 185

var. major 185

var. mexicana 185

bilobata 218

bogotensis 167

bryonioides 109

capsularis 214

cirrhiflora 518

cuneata 173

cyathophora 122

dentata 398

exsudans 117

filipes 138

geminiflora 156

hemicycla 156

holosericea 99

Jacquini 224

jorullensis 141

kermesina 398

lancifolia 237

lunata 181

lyraefolia 246

mollis 166

oblongata 246

obscura 218

obtusa 207

onychina 432

organensis 146

pallida 409

penduliflora 79

perfoliata 243

piligera 214

punctata 183

Rohrii 122

rotundifolia 205

rubra 218

rufa 146

semilunaris 218

sexflora 129

sicyoides 114

Smithii 214

surinamensis 156

Swartzii 79

tuberosa 159

vespertilio 156

Decaloba (subgenus) 25

Decaria 27

Deidamia 9

Deidamioides 25

Dictamo 144

Dilkea 539, 570, 572

acuminata 574, 577, 579

INDEX

Glaziovii 571

Johannesii 576

var. parvifolia 574, 576

parviflora 575

retusa 573, 574, 575

Ulet 576

Wallisii 574, 578

Disemma Hahnii 232

Distephana (as genus) 29

candida 539

citrifolia 541

cuneata 250

Fockeana 308

glandulosa 308

var. canaliculata 308

pubescens 316

quadridentata 316 .

quadriglandulosa 316

quitensis 294

Rohriana 308

8 oe 561

sf eng 308

Distephana (subgenus) 29

Dolichostemma 31

Dutchman’s laudanum 222

Dysosmia (as genus) 30, 513

acerifolia 222

ciliata 508

fluminensis 499

foetida 481

gossyptifolia 484

hastata 499

hibiscifolia 507

hircina 481

nigelliflora 488

polyadena 481

Dysosmia (subgenus) 30

Dysosmioides 30, 513

Erndelia 29

reflexiflora 326

Etamo real 101

Euastrophea 31, 526

Eudecaloba 25

Eutacsonia 28

Flor de Granadita 476

Flor del aresillo 237

del campo 409

Fruta del perro 78

Golondrina 81

Granada 132

de zorra 438

Granadilla (as genus) 29

caerules 423

capsularis 214

foetida 481

incarnata 389

laurifolia 365

lutea 135

normalis 244

quadrangularis 335

603

604 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VoL. XIX

rubra 217

serratifolia 378

suberosa 89

vespertilio 156

Granadilla (subgenus) 29, 513

Granadilla (common name) 82, 226,

322, 339, 346, 357, 420

Acida 319

cimarrona 293, 476

colorada 476

de China 346

de hueso 354

del monte 380

de mono 354

de monte 224, 364

de Quijos 362

montés 357, 476.

real 339

silvestre 476

Granadillastrum 28

Granadina 111, 438

Groote markoesa 339

Guate-guate 189, 322

Guerito 354

Guirito de pasién 384

Gulupo 529

Guy4n 298

Hahniopathanthus 26

Hoja de murciélago 86

Hollrungia 9

Huevo de gallo 97

Injito amarillo 380

colorado 476

Injo 364

Insignes 28, 264

Itamo real 101

Jamaican honeysuckle 368

Jawhéméroeke 310

Jorka markoesa 158

Jujito 364

Jujo 364

Jukucha-jampajhuai 272

Kalawiroe 310

Ké-pa 476

Koroona die la birgi 477

Kruisebloem 477

Leptopoda 31

Liane calecon 241

couleuvre 222

tafia 78

Locosti 330

Love-in-a-mist 476

Machadoa 9

Machimbi 352

Macousa 368

Macrophora 29

sanguinea 319

Manicatae 28

Maraaka 477

Maracucha 341

Maracuja 386, 396

-assti 339

branco miudo 217

cabeza de gado 310

de alho 552

de chapada 547

de cheiro 376, 477

de cobra 477

de doce 396

de lagartinho 477

de refresco 341

do igapé 544

laranj4 368

mamao 339

-mirim 396

pedra 344

peroba 396

uacu 339

Maracujii de cobra 344

Maracuya4 de rato 411

-rana 541

Marcusa 544

Maricouia 376

Marie goujeat 477

Mariegouya 476

Maritambour 368

Markoesa 310, 368, 477

Marudi-otra 316

Mayapathanthus 25

Maypops 391

Mazo-manchachi 222

Media luna 86

Meioperis 25

angustifolia 90

hederacea 90

minima 90

multiflora 77

pallida 90

pannosa 129

peltata 89

suberosa 89

Meloncillo 97

Mereékoeja 339

fireberoe 339

Mitostemma 569

brevifilis 572

Glaziovii 570, 571

Jenmanii 570

Monactineirma 25

angustifolia 89

coriacea 83

hederacea 89

mexicana 201

minima 89

peltata 89

suberosa 89

Monkey-guzzle 316

INDEX

Monte-tumbo 298 var. mauritiana 339

Montetumbos 307 X quadrangularis 341, 413

Murciélago 86 ¢ Xracemosa 325, 341

Murucua guarani 426 alba 436, 453, 455

Murucuja (as genus) 26 albida 409

lunata 27, 240 allantophylla 132

mollissima 291 | Allardii 338

ocellata 240 alliacea 551

orbicutata 238 alnifolia 164, 165, 169

peduncularis 304 amabilis 325, 412

perfoliata 242 amalocarpa 152

speciosa 294 ambigua 363, 367

viridiflora 236 amethystina 432

Murucuja (subgenus) 26 ampullacea 270

Murucuja incarnada (common name) anadenia 190, 193

324 anastomosans 288

Murucuyé 426 Andersonii 175, 188, 204

andina 28, 256

Naupa-machu-jamppajhuai 275 Andreana 170

Niorbo 200 anfracta 203

Noenonjinopo 152, 158 angustifolia 89

Norbo 185 antioquiensis 260, 302

Norvo 328 var. trisecta 302

Noxbe cimarrén 97 apetala 133

apoda 101

Odostelma 28 appendiculata 122

arborea 31, 528, 524, 525

Pachio-tutumillo 316 arida 469, 475

Pachis 386 var. cerralbensis 470

Pachito 109 var. pentaschista 470

P&aka-rupiaé 577 aristulata 454

Para-markoesa 368 aspera 222

Parcha 368 atomaria 402, 436

cimarrona 354 atropurpurea 325

granadina 339 auriculata 122

Parche 189, 396 australis 467

Parchita de culebra 477 bahamensis 472, 475

de montafia 477 bahiensis 377

de sabana 477 Balansae 488

Parritanae 28, 259 Bangit 430

Pasiflorita 139 ParanesnG £04

Barbosae 410

Pasionaria 426 “trap tite

bauhinifolia 164, 165, 166, 170

de cerca 132, 222 Berteriana 126

de la Candelaria 476 bicornis 224

del monte 111 bicrura 193

hedionda 476 : :

inilla 78 bicuspidata 250

vainilla 80 biflora 26, 144, 185, 476

veyigosa } bifurca 173

Pasionaria Valenciana 533 Bigelovii 87

Passiflora 23 bilobata Juss. 192

acerifolia 222 bilobata Vell. 217

actinia 415 bogotensis 164, 165, 167

acuminata 367, 368 boliviana 271

| acutissima 268 Bolstadii 517

| adenophylla 436 brachychlamys 282

adenopoda 26, 222 bracteosa 28, 255

adulterina 265 brasiliana 339

aetheoantha 409 hrevi

affinis 197 revipes 209

alata 339, 426 Brighami 185

var. brasiliana 339 bryonifolia 109

var. latifolia 339 bryonioides 109

606 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VoL. XIX

bucaramangensis 199

Buchtienii 313

cabedelensis 152

caerulea 30, 396, 423

var. angustifolia 423

var. glauca 423

var. glaucophylla 423

var. imbricata 423

var. Regnellit 423

<kermesina 399

Xquadrangularis 338

calliaquatica 91

callimorpha 312

campanulata 513, 517

candida 539

Candollei 181

canescens 416

capparidifolia 360

capsularis 26, 214

var. acutiloba 214

var. geminiflora 129

var. geminifolia 129

caracasana 358

cauliflora 556

Cavanillesii 245

cayaponioides 123

cearensis 341

cephaleima 244

ceratocarpa 548

ceratosepala 222

chetroptera 83

chelidonea 177, 178

chilensis 276

choconiana 420

chrysophylla 467, 475

f. apaensis 467

f. solanacea 467

var. concepcionis 467

var. hastata 467

var. sericea 467

ciliata 508

var. polyadena 512

var. quinqueloba 511

var. riparia 510

cincinnata 384

var. imbricata 384

var. minor 384

cinerea 122

cirrhiflora 31, 518

cirrhipes 31, 522

cisnana 218

citrifolia 541

clathrata 461

clypeata 83

clypeophylla 86

coactilis 262

coarctata 126

cobanensis 208

coccinea 313, 318, 380

var. minor 313

var. velutina 314

colimensis 112

colorata 413

colubrina 349

Contrayerva 201

Conzattiana 212

Cookii 234

coriacea Juss. 83

coriacea Rich. 249

cornuta 428

corumbaensis 384

costaricensis 210

costata 542

crassifolia 459

cremastantha 259

cryptopetala 123

cubensis 249

cumbalensis 284, 285

cuneata 173

cuneifolia 386

cuprea 245

var. Cavanillesti 245

cuspidifolia 163

cuzcoensis 406

cyanea 455

cyathophora 122

dalechampioides 427

dasyadenia 380

Dawei 179

Decaisneana 341

deficiens 530, 542

deidamioides 25, 82

dentata 398

denticulata 378

diaden 393

Dictamo 143

dicthophylla 142

difformis 83

digitata 341

dioscoreaefolia 103

discolor 149

dispar 418

divaricata 224

dolichocarpa 115

dumetosa 106

ecuadorica 285

edulis 391, 393

var. Kerii 389

var. pomifera 393

var. rubricaulis 393

var. verrucifera 393

Eggersii 403

Eichleriana 448

Ekmanii 193, 196

elegans Mast. 440

elegans Tr. & Planch. 261

elliptica 550

elongata 246

emarginata 531, 532

eminula 542

Engleriana 534

eriocaula 269

Ernesti 27, 254, 311, 382

erosa 107

erubescens Macf. 581

erubescens Tr. & Planch. 195

erythrophylla 195

eslavensis 117

europhylla 156

exoperculata 119

exsudans 111, 117

faroana 544

ferruginea 125

filamentosa 386

filipes 138

fimbriatistipula 260

flexicaulis 173

flexipes 263

flexuosa 90

floribunda Lem. 129

floribunda Tr. & Planch. 256

foetida 468, 474

foetida (typical) 481, 491, 493, 496,

00, 509

var. 6 481

var. acapulcensis 487

var. arida 469

var. arizonica 490

var. ciliata 508

f. quinqueloba 511

var. Eliasii 503

var. fluminensis 499, 515

var. cies ee 505

var. Gardneri 502

var. glabrifolia 494

var. gossypifolia 475, 484, 489

f. longifolia 481

var. hastata 499

var. hibiscifolia 30, 507

var. hirsuta 504

f. latifolia 494

f. longifolia 481

f. suberecta 488

var. hirsutissima 493

var. hispida 475, 494

var. isthmia 497

var. lanuginosa 500

var. longipedunculata 487

var. Maxoni 506

var. mayarum 506

var. Moritziana 492

var. muralis 497

var. nicaraguensis 509

var. nigelliflora 488, 491

var. oaxacana 489

var. orinocensis 510

var. parvifolia 501

var. polyadena 512

var. quinqueloba 511

var. riparia 510

var. salvadorensis 507

var. sanctae-martae 502

var. santiagana 491

var. sericea 488

var. strigosa 498

var. subintegra 510

INDEX

var. subpalmata 506

var. tepicana 501

var. variegata 481, 494

var. vitacea 490

foetida Vell. 499

frutescens 527

fruticosa 465, 475

fuchsiiflora 555

fulgens 313

furcata 173

fuscinata 142, 144

Galbana 411, 568

Garckei 453, 456

Gardneri 423

geminiflora 156

Giberti 399, 447

gigantifolia 524

glaberrima 284

var. cumbalensis 285

glabra 89

glabrata 185

glandulosa 255, 308, 521

var. canaliculata 308

var. Stoupyana 308

glauca Dryand. 452

glauca H. & B. 525

glaucescens 189

glaucophylla 456

Gleasoni 367, 369

globosa 89

goniosperma 211

gossyptfolia 484

Goudotiana 285

gracilens 271

gracilis 97

gracillima 82

grandis 531

gratissima 393

gritensis 300, 443

guatemalensis 232

guazumaefolia 376

Guedesii 539

Guentheri 405

guianensis 433

haematostigma 547.

Hahnii 26, 232

Hassleriana 214

var. grandifolia 214

var. paraguariensis 215

hastata Bertol. 499

var. nicaraguensis 509

hastata R. & P. 326

hastifolia 461

Haughtii 31, 519

hederacea 89

hederaefolia 89

helleborifolia 382

Helleri 142, 144

hemicycla 156

Hermanni 492

heterohelix 563

heterophylla Dryand. 89

607

608 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

heterophylla Lam. 127

hexagonocarpa 540

Heydei 107: ©

hibiscifolia 30, 507

var. glabrata 507

var. velutina 481

Hieronymi 270

hirsuta L. 88, 493, 505

var. parvifolia 90

hirsuta Lodd. 481

hirsuta sens. S. & M. 109

hispida 494

hispidula 117

holosericea 99, 519

Holtii 560

hyacinthiflora 251

var. bilobata 251

var. tridentata 251

hydrophila 542

hypoglauca 513, 516

tanthina. 329

ichthyura 180

Im Thurnii 308

inamoena 109 --

incana 347

incarnata 389

var. integriloba 389

indecora 182, 227

insignis 264, 312

intermedia 191

inundata 543

involucellata 227

todocarpa 393

ischnoclada 373

isotriloba 129

Jamesoni 275, 284

Jenmani 518

Jileki 413

jorullensis 141, 145

Kalbreyeri 229

Karsteniana 109

Karwinskii 111

Kegeliana 122

Kerii 389

kermesina 398, 426

X caerulea 399

Xracemosa 325, 399

Kohautiana 89

laminensis 430

lanata 266

lancearia 160

lanceolata Don 237

lanceolata Harms 268

lancifolia 237

laticaulis 149

latifolia 339

laurifolia 365, 371

var. tinifolia 365

Lawsoniana Hort. 325, 341

Lawsoniana Mast. 118

Lehmanni 399

lepidota 463, 475

leptoclada 135, 148

leptomischa 260

leptopoda 31, 538

Liebmanni 507

ligularis 344, 351, 548

f. lobata 346

var. geminiflora 344

lilacina 432

limbata 90

Lindeniana 526, 536

lineariloba 90, 96

litoralis 89

Lobbii 120

Lockharti 316

lonchophora 446

longiflora 28, 298, 297

longifolia 89

longilobis 149

longipes 408

var. retusa 408

longiracemosa 557

loretensis 421

lorifera 326, 524

Loudoni 325, 399

luciensis 173

Luetzelburgii 326

lunata Juss. 181

lunata sens. P. & E. 134

lunata Smith 185

var. costata 185

lunata Vell. 218

lutea L. 135, 198

lutea sens. S. & M. 436

lyra 175

lyraefolia 246

macrocarpa 335

macrochlamys 287

macrophylla 523, 525, 526, 527

maculata 565

maculifolia 146

magdalenae 161

malacophylla 377

maliformis L. 352

var. pubescens 352

maliformis Vell. 339

Mandoni 280

manicata 300

var. communis 300

var. macrophylla 300

Mansii 31, 546

Mansoi 546

var. glabra 546

mapiriensis 413

marginata 359

Mariae 262

Marigouja 494

mascarensis 339

Mastersiana 253

Matthewsii 281

mauritiana 339

Mazximiliana 149

var. acutiloba 149

var. expansa 149

var. retusa 149

mediterranea 413

Medusae 141

membranacea 234

Mendoncaei 330

menispermacea 229

menispermifolia 105, 457

var. cuellensis 457

meridensis 300

mesadenia 298

mexicana 141, 201, 245

micrantha 196

microcarpa 149

micropetala 205

Middletoniana 393

Miersii 404

minima 88

miraflorensis 129

misera 133, 135, 149

mixta 28, 293

var. eriantha 298

var. subquinqueloba 294, 297

mollis 164, 165, 166

var. integrifolia 163

var. obtusiloba 166

var. subintegra 163

mollissima 279, 280, 291

Xpinnatistipula 278

monticola 455

Mooreana 426

morifolia 107

Moritziana 492

muchronata 224

mucronata Lam. 409

mucronata S. & M. 224

multiflora 24, 77, 108, 519

f. glabra 79

multiformis 358

muralis 497

Murucuia sens. S. & M. 225

Murucuja L. 27, 240

Mutisii 529

naviculata 441

Neillii 426

Nelsoni 346

nephrodes 460

nigelliflora 488

nigra 89

nigradenia 362, 367

Niorbo 199

nipensis 191, 193

nitens 357

nitida 374, 565

normalis L. 203, 244

normalis sens. S. & M. 185

nympheoides 374

oblonga 246

oblongata 246

var. lyrifolia 246

oblongifolia 365

obovata 25, 121

INDEX 609

obscura 218

obtusa 207

obtusifolia 83, 86

obtusiloba 121, 199

var. glandulifera 120

ocanensis 537

odontophylla 372

odora 114

Oerstedii 418

var. choconiana 420

olivaeformis Mill. 89

oliviformis Vell. 89

onychina 432

orbiculata 238

orbifolia 347

organensis 146, 208

var. marmorata 146

ornata 352

ornithoura 141, 142

ovalis 567

ovata 530 ‘

oviformis 339

Pala 165, 167

pallens 439, 455

pallida L. 88, OF.

pallida Vell. 409 “

pallidiflora 393

palmata 341° ;

palmatisecta 397

Palmeri 464, 475

var. sublanceolata 465

pamplonensis 267

panamensis 162

pannosa sens. Hook. & Arn. 228, 231

pannosa Smith 129

paraguayensis 214

aaibore 377

arritae 258

parviflora 89

parvifolia 282

aulensis 415

avonis 139

Paxtoni 325

pectinata 471, 475

pedata 382

var. stipularis 384

pediculata 113

peduncularis 304

peltata 89

pantehhiet 24, 79, 146, 206

Pennellii 451

pennipes 276

pentagona 551

perfoliata 27, 242

var. normalis 203, 244

perlobata 384

pertusa 146

phaeocaula 549

physocalymma 358

picroderma 393

picturata 433

piligera 214

610 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY—BOTANY, VOL. XIX

pilosa 104, 459

pilosissima 167

pinnatistipula 276

Xmollissima 278

Pittieri 521

platyceras 449

platyloba 355

platyneura 111

platystyla 547

podadenia 116

Poeppigii 134

Pohlii 207

polyaden 481

pomifera 393

popayanensis 177

Popenovii 361, 367

populifolia 418

porophylla 146

porphyretica 230

var. angustata 228, 231

praeacuta 417

princeps 324

Xalata 412

Pringlet 111

prolata 388

pruinosa 456

pseudociliata 512

pseudo-suberosa 90

psilantha 289

pubera 527

puberula 90

pubescens 214

pulchella 26, 224

var. bifidata 224

punctata L. 183, 185

punctata Lodd. 159

punctata sens. S. & M. 141

punicea Mart. 319

punicea R. & P. 319

Purdiei 273

Purpusii 418

putumayensis 532

pyriformis 339

pyrrhantha 561

quadrangularis 335

var. sulcata 335

Xalata 341

X caerulea 338

quadriflora 128

quadriglandulosa 152, 316, 318

var. involucrata 319

Quelchii 554

quercetorum 113

quindiensis 261

quinquangularis 215

racemosa 29, 324, 426

Xalata 325, 341, 412

Xkermesina 325, 399

Raddiana 398

recurva 387

reflexa 326

reflexiflora 29, 326, 525

regalis 237

resticulata 450, 453

reticulata 99

retipetala 415

retrorsa 558

retusa 149

rhamnifolia 552

rhodantha 300

rhodoptera 330

rigidula 393

riparia 367, 370, 565

Rohrii 122

Rojasii 422

rosea 278

Roseorum 283

rotundifolia Jacq. 224

rotundifolia L. 175, 205

var. Jacquinit 224

var. Swartzii 79, 146

rotundifolia sens. Mast. 207

rotundifolia sens. Sw. 79, 146

Rovirosae 213

rubra L. 217, 254, 392

rubra Vell. 146

rubricaulis 393

rubrotincta 434

rugosa 269

rugosissima 227

Rusbyi 563

salmonea 258

salvadorensis 140

sanguinea 319

sanguinolenta 253

sarcosepala 339

saxicola 133

scabra 222

Schlimiana 288

Schultzei 535

sclerophylla 545

securiclata 558

Seemanni 347

Sellot 423

semiciliosa 29, 299

septenata 518

serrata L. 341

var. digitata 341

serrata sens. S. & M. 109, 117

serratifolia 378

serratistipula 344

serrato-digitata 341

serrulata 357

var. pubescens 319

servitensis 319

var. bracteosa 322

setacea 381, 396

setulosa 515

sexflora 129, 217, 228

sexocellata 83

Shaferi 239

sicyoides 114

sidaefolia 407

silvestris sens. Mast. 567

silvestris Vell. 411

silvicola 308

skiantha 556

Smithii 401

Sodiroi 191, 102

spathulata 185

speciosa 318, 323

spectabilis 435

sphaerocarpa 536

var. pilosula 527

spicata 31, 559

spinosa 561

Sprucei 444

Standleyi 200

Steinbachii 280

stellata 105

stenoloba 191, 193

stenosepala 145

stipulata Aubl. 402, 452

var. atomaria 436

stipulata Benth. 439

stipulata sens Griseb. 436

suberosa 25, 88, 476

var. angustifolia 90

var. divaricata 90

var. hederacea 91

var. hirsuta 90

subvar. argentea 90

var. lineariloba 91

var. longiloba 91

var. longipes 91

var. minima 90

var. pallida 91

subpeltata 402, 436, 453, 455

subrotunda 410

subtriangularis alfa 140

beta 225

subulata 449, 454

surinamensis 156

Sururuca 381

Swartzii 79, 145, 146

Tacso 293, 297

tacsonioides 248

talamancensis 176

tarapotina 328, 454

Tatei 164, 166, 172

tenella 153, 194

tenuifila 445

tenuiloba 87

Tessmannii 553

tetraden 407

tetradena 339

tetragona 335

thaumasiantha 306

theobromaefolia 376

tiliaefolia 350, 351

tilliaefolia 344

tinifolia 365

tolimana 367, 371

tomentosa 291, 293

var. mollissima 291

torta 122

INDEX 611

toxicaria 314

translinearis 149, 316

transversa 185

Trianae 272

tribolophylla 179

tricuspis 153

var. brevifolia 153

var. minor 153

tridactylites 90, 96

trifasciata 155

triflora 129

trifoliata 274

triloba 349, 351

trinervia 27, 252

trinifolia 98

tripartita 290

trisecta Planch. & Linden 272

trisecta Mast. 306

trisetosa 141, 145

tristis 207

trisulca 400

truncata 118

truxillensis 267

tryphostemmatoides 25, 81

tuberosa 159

tubiflora 236

tucumanensis 442

var. naviculata 441 /

Tulae 241

tuxtlensis 99, 101

Tweediana 426

Uleana 359

f. ovalifolia 359

umbilicata 329

Urbaniana 462, 475

urceolata 294

urnaefolia 158

Van-Volxemii 303

variegata 481

variolata 255, 311

velata 357

Vellozii 499, 513, 514

velutina 313

venosa 554

vernicosa 393

verrucifera 393

vescicaria 481

vespertilio Ker 149

vespertilio L. 156

vestita 473, 475

villosa Dombey 457

villosa Macf. 89

villosa Vell. 30, 512

violacea 430

f. albiflora 448

viridiflora 26, 236

viridis 25

vitifolia 318, 319

var. bracteosa 322

var. cassiquiarensis 319

var. involucrata 319

var. minor 316

612 FIELD MuseuM oF NATURAL HistorYy—Botany, VOL. XIX

Warei 90

Warmingii 106, 109

subsp. chacoensis 107

Watsoniana 402

Weberbaueri 306, 428

Weberiana 107

Williamsii 355

yacumensis 316

yucatanensis 182 |

Passion-flower 426

Pedén 477

Pentaria 27

orbiculata 238

Peremis 27

orbiculata 238

Pericodia 27

perfoliata 242

Pichincho-jampajhuai 272

Pinnatistipulae 28

Pintero 97

Plectostemma 25

Poggendorffia 28, 279, 280

rosea 278

Polyanthea 30

Pomme calabas 354

d’agouti 344

liane 368

Pseudoastrophea 31

Pseudodysosmia 26

Pseudogranadilla 26

Pseudomurucuja 27

Psilanthus (as genus) 581

viridiflorus 236

Psilanthus (subgenus) 27

Purupuru 278

Puru-puru 477

Puss-gut 248

Quijén 339

Rathea (as genus) 28

floribunda 28, 256

Rathea (subgenus) 28

Red wiss 248

Rhododendron ferrugineum 464

Saibey 368

de costa 246

Samppajhuai 283

Sandia cimarrén 189

de culebra 476

de la Pasién 339

Sandillita 465

de Pajaro 139

Sasoboro 125

Schlechterina 9

Scimitoo 368

Semito 376

Shimito 477

Sicyos angulatus 115

Simitho 368

Sjimio 152

Sneekie markoesa 477

Snekie marcoesa 316

markoesa 477

Sosopora 368

Sururf 410

Sururuca 382

Sweet calabash 354

Sweet cup 354

Synactila 26

viridiflora 236

Tacksonia 308

Tacso 278, 287, 293, 298

Tacsonia (as genus) 28

adulterina 265

ampullacea 270

anastomosans 288

Andreana 256

bicoronata 294, 297

bicuspidata 250

bilobata 192

boliviana 271

Buchanani 319

canaliculata 308

candida 589

citrifolia 541

coactilis 262

coccinea 561

cumbalensis 285

cuneata 250

cyanea 285

var. insignis 285

var. pubescens 283

Dombeyana 304

Wn 368

xipes

floribunda 256

var. major 256

Fockeana 308

glaberrima 284

var. cumbalensis 285

var. loxensis 285

glandulosa 308

var. canaliculata 308

glauca 328

gracilens 271

hederacea 285

infundibularis 255

insignis 264

Jamesoni 275

laevis 326

lanata 266

lanceolata 268

longiflora 294

Mandoni 280

manicata 300

var. macrophylla 300

Mansii 546

Mariae 262

var. chimborazensis 262

Maithewsii 281

—_—_ Se

micradena 276

mixta 294

subsp. normalis 294

subsp. quitensis 294

var. eriantha 298

subsp. tomentosa 291

var. speciosa 294

var. bicoronata 294

var. longiflora 294

mollissima 291

var. glabrescens 291

Parriiae 258

parvifolia 282

peduncularis 304

var. Dombeyana 304

pennipes 276

pinnatistipula 276

var. pennipes 276

psilantha 289

pubescens 313, 316

Purupuru 276

quadridentata 316

quadriglandulosa 316

quitensis 294, 297

reflexiflora 326

Rohriana 308

rosea 278

rugosa 269

sanguinea 319

serrata 294

speciosa 294, 297

spinescens 558

spinosa 561

Stoupyana 308

subcoriacea 308

Tacso 294

trifoliata 274

trigona 274

trinervia 27, 252

tripartita 290

INDEX

tungurahuae 285

umbilicata 329

urceolata 294

Van-Volxemii 303

viridiflora 236

Volxemi 303

Tacsonia (as subgenus) 28

Tacsonioides 29

Tacsoniopsis 27

Tagua-tagua 344, 476

Tetrapathaea 9

Tetrastylis 566

lobata 568

montana 566, 567

ovalis 567

Thomé-assii 316

Tintin 293

Tin-tin 278

Toque molle 476

Tripsilina 30

fetida 481

Trompos 293

Tryphostemma 9

Tryphostemmatoides 24

Tubarao 386

Tumbo 293, 298, 339

Uchuanquirisi 86

Umbilicatae 29, 330

Vinegar pear 368

Viricujé 426

Water lemon 368

Xamppajrrai 298

Xerogona (as genus) 26

biloba 26, 214

Xerogona (subgenus) 26, 392

Yog6é 446

THE LIBRARY OF THE

MAY 7- 1938

UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS

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