LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS.

F. E. Fritscx. PAGE

Contributions to our eee of the Freshwater ee of Africa,

Figures 1—43. . . . 483

J. Hurcuinson & H. H. W. Pearson.

List of Plants collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial aie a

1908—11, continued (Compositae). Figures 1—16. . . 555

J. Hurcuinson & HK. P. PHILLIps.

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae), . . . . . . . . . 277

H. H. W. Pearson.

On the Collections of Dried Plants obtained in South-West Africa by

the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions, 1908—1911. With Map . 1

Itinerary of the Percy Sladen Memorial po ae to the panes River.

1910—1911. . . . 21

List of Plants collected in ine hue Sladen Memorial Bxpedition,

1908—1909, 1910-1911. . . . 30

List of Plants collected in the Perey islatien Memoatl mepeditiere

1908—1909, 1910—1911. September 1911. Note on the localities

visited by the Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition to the Khamies-

berg, Giftberg, and Oliphant’s River Mountains, per lenle 1911.

Plates III—V & one Text figure. . . 129

List of Plants collected in the Percy Biden Memorial Bxpeditions

1908—1909, 1910—1911. Plates VI—VIII ..... 193

EK. P. PHILLIPS.

A Contribution to the tomeice of the South Africa Proteaceae. No. 1.

One text figure . . . 91

A List of the Phanerogams on ree ested be Mr, 'P, < Keen

on the Island of Tristan da Cunha, 1908—1909 . .. . 96

Descriptions of new plants from the Gift eee collected oa ate, Perey

Sladen Memorial Expedition . . 04

Note on a Leucadendron found on the cuee Peninanlas Pee nae eee cee 7

Contributions to the Flora of South Africa No. 1... iat

A Contribution to the Knowledge of the South African Protencase ae. 2 273

A Contribution to the Knowledge of the South African Proteaceae. No.3 331

Contributions to the flora of South Africa. No.2 . . . . 337

A Revision of the South African Material of the Genus OSES Bere ~ 449

The genus Calpurnia, E. Mey. (Leguminosae). . . . . . .. . . 475

G. 8. West.

Fresh-Water Algae. Plates TIT 5 3. 2 se ee

INDEX OF NEW GENERIC NAMES INTRODUCED

IN THIS VOLUME.

PAGE

Ceraris, n.g., (Portulacaceae), Pearson & STEPHENS . .......~. «382

Kcdysichlamys, n.g. (Autosporaceae), G.S. West . . . ....... «76

DATE OF ISSUE OF THE PARTS.

Part 1, February 28th., 1911.

Part 2, May 30th., 1912.

Part 3, October 30th., 1913.

Part 4, April 8th., 1915.

Part 5, March 18th., 1917.

Part 6, June 30th., 1917.

Part 7, February 6th., 1918.

Hyon 4

DG ATS 59)

ew) |

U fat bo ~

PLATE

Ill

Vil

Vill

Lishi-Or REATES.

Chlamydomonas marina, Cohn.

Ankistrodesmus convolutus, Corda.

Oocystis elliptica, W. Wrst, var. africana, G. 8. Wusv, var. n.

Ecdysichlamys, G. 8. WEsv, gen. et sp. n.

Pediastrum Pearsoni, G. 8. West, sp. n.

Tetraedron trigonum, (Nag) Hansg., var isoscelum, G. S. West var. n.

Rhizoclonium hieroglyphicum, Kutz. var.

Homoethrix africana, G. 8. West, sp. n.

Zygospore of Cosmarium subcostatum, Nordst., forma minor, W. &G.S.Wesr.

Cosmarium bireme, Nordst., var. crassum, W. & G. S. West, forma.

Cosmarium Pappekuilense, G. 8. West, sp. n.

Cosmarium alatum, Kirchn., var. aequatoriense, Nordst., forma.

Cosmarium Pearson, G. 8. West, sp. n.

Enteromorpha gracillima, G. 8. West, sp.n.

Enteromorpha gracillima, forma breviramosa, G. 8S. Wesr.

Cosmarium geometricum, W. & G.S. West. var. adoxoides, G.S West, var n.

Cosmarium laeve, Rabenh., var. distentum, G. 8. West, var n.

Oedogonium inversum, Wittr. A form.

Oedogonium Pringsheimu, Cramer, forma.

Myxobractron hirudiforme, G. 8. West, sp. n.

Mesembrianthemum gracilistylum, L. Bouus.

Mesembrianthemum denticulatum, Haw. var. candidissimum.

Xysmalobium Pearsonii, L. Bouus.

Cynanchum Meyeri, Schltr. var. angustifolia, L. Bonus.

Nenax Dregei, L. Bouus.

Anticharis juncea, L. Botus.

Sutera rigida, L. Botus.

Lotononis exstipulata, L. Bonus.

Crotalaria Pearsoni, Baker. f.

Indigofera limosa, L. Bouus,

Sporobolus sladenianus, F. Bouus.

Agathosma sladeniana, R. GLOVER.

Lycium roseum, L. Botus,

Abutilon

Acacia .

Acaena .

Acanthopsis

Achnanthes

Achnanthus

Achneria

Acrotome .

Adenandra.

Adenogramma

Adiantopsis

Adiantum .

Agathosma.

Agothelpis .

Agrostis.

Aitonia .

Aizoon . :

Amaranthus .

Amphora .

Amsinckia .

Anabaena .

Anacampseros.

Anagallis .

Anchusa

Aniostigma

Ankistrodesmus ;

Anthephora

Anthospernum

Anthristiria

Anticharis .

Antozoma ,

Aphanocapsa .

Aphanochaete.

Aphanothece .

Apiocystis ,

Apium .

Aptosimum

Arctopus

Argyrolobium,

Aristida

Arthrodesmus.

Asclepias

Aspalathus.

Asplenium .

INDEX OF GENERA.

PAGE | Atropis .

159 | Augea

258

174

260

586 | Ballota .

70 | Barleria.

229 | Barosma

165 | Bauhinia

204 | Bellardia

157 | Blechum

244 | Blepharis .

244 | Boerhaavia.

204 | Borbonia

168 | Boscia

231 Bouchea.

208 | Brabeium .

155 Briza.

. . 169 | Brizopyrum

. 73, 595 -| Bromus .

Se 223 a Brunia

. 68, 577 | Buddleia

. 30 | Bulbochaete

134 | Bupleurum.

221

5 5 tee

. 79, 514

. 229 | Cadaba .

215 | Calothrix

227 | Calpurnia .

263 | Capparis ,

209 | Caralluma .

570 | Carissa .

. . 5386 | Carpha .

. 63, 570 | Carum

. . 502 | Cassytha

213 | Catophractes .

262 | Caucalis.

912 | Ceraria .

251 | Cerastium .

231 | Chaemosiphon

560 | Chaetobromus.

181 | Chaetopeltis ;

250 | Chaetosphaeridium .

244 | Chamaesiphon

Cheilanthus

Chironia.

Chlamydomonas .

Chroococcus

Cladophora.

Clematis.

Cleome .

Cliffortia

Closterium .

Coccinea.

Cocconeis

Cocconema .

Codon

Coelastrum

Coelidium .

Coleochaete

Colpias .

Commiphora .

Conium .

Convolvulus

Corallocarpus .

Corrigiola .

Corydalis

Cosmarium.

Crassula.

Crocyllis

Crotalaria .

Cryptolepis.

Cucumis.

Cuscuta .

Cyclotella .

Cylindrocystis.

Cylindrospermum

Cymbella

Cymbopogon .

Cymatopleura.

Cynanchum

Cynodon

Cyperus.

Cyphia .

Dactylococcus.

Danthonia .

Datura .

Denticula .

Dianthus

Diascia .

Dichothrix .

Digitaria

Dinoflagellata .

Diosma . f

Diplachee .

Diploneis

Disa .

Disperis.

Dodonaea .

Drosera .

Index of Genera.

_ 85,

- 69,

84.

15,"

Ecballocystis .

Ecdysichlamys

Ectadium .

Ecttboellia .

Ehretia .

Ehrharta

Elaeodendron .

Emex

Enneapogon

Enteromorpha

Entoplocamia .

Epithemia .

Eragrostis .

Eremia .

Erica.

Erodium

Erythrophysa.

Euastrum .

Euclea .

Euchlora

Eudorina

Eudorinella

Euglena.

Eunotia .

Festuca .

Ficinia . .

Fimbristylis

Fingerhuthia .

Flagellata .

Fragilaria .

Frankenia .

Freylinia

Frustuhia

Furiena .

Galenia .

Galicorema.

Gallium .

Gisekia .

Gloeocapsa .

Gloeocystis .

Gomphonema .

Gomphosphaeria .

Gomphonema .

Gomphostigma

Gongrosira .

Grewia .

Grielum. .

Grisbachia .

Gunnera

Gymnogramme

PAGE

_ 70,

. 64, &

Gymnosporia .

Gynandropsis .

Gyrosigma .

Hallia

Hantzschia. :

Harpagophytum .

Harveya = . -

Hebenstreitia .

Heeria ;

Heliotropium .

Hemimeris.

Hermannia.

Hermbataedtia

Heteropogon

Hibiscus

Hoffmanseggia

Holothrix .

Homoeothrix .

Hoodia .

Hordeum

Hormidium

Hydrocotyle

Hydrodictyon .

Indigofera .

Ipomoea.

Jasminum .

Juncellus

Juncus .

Kedrostis

Kiggelaria .

Kissenia

Knowltonia

Lasiochola .

Lebeckia

Leonotis.

Lepocinclis.

Lessertia

Leucadendron.

- Leucospermum

Limosella =

Limnanthemum .

Limeum.

Lobostemon

Loranthus .

Lotononis .

Index of Genera.

PAGE

. 184, 273, ¢

205

594

Lycium .

| Lyngbya

Macrostylis

Maeura .

Malva

Malvastrum

Manulea

Marcellia

Mariscus

Mastogloia .

Medicago

Melianthus.

Melolobium

Melosira.

Menodora .

Mentha .

Merismopedia .

Mesotaenium .

Metrosideros

Microcystis.

Microloma .

Microspora.

Microtea

Microthamnion

Mobhria .

Mollugo.

Monechma.

Monsonia

Montinia

Mougeotia .

Mundia .

Muraltia

Myrsine.

Myxobactron .

Myxonema.

Navicula

Neidium.

Nemesia.

Nenax

Netrium

Nivenia .

Nitzschia

Nodularia .

Nostoc .

Oeanthe .

Oedogonium

Oftia. ..

Oldenlandia

Olea .

Oligomeris .

Mesembrianthemum.

. 64,

. 64,.5

XII

Oocystis.

Ophiocytium

Ophioglossum.

Orobanche .

Ortanthera.

Orygia .

Oscillatoria.

Osmunda

Oxalis

Pandorina .

Panicum

Parkinsonia

Pavonia.

Pediastrum

Pelargonium .

Pellaea .

Pennisetum

Penium .

Pentaschistis

Pergularia .

Petalidium .

Peucedanum .

Phacus .

Phaeoptilum

Pharnaceum

Phormidium

Phragmites.

Phylica .

Phyllopodium.

Pinnularia .

Pituranthos

Plantago

Pleiostomum .

Pleurococcus .

Pleurotaenium

IR) a 3 o

Podylaria .

Polanisia

Pollichia

Polycarena..

Polygala

Polygonum.

Polypogon .

Prionium

Protea .

Psoralea.

Pterygodium

Pteronia.

Ptychotis

Rafnia .

Ranunculus

Rhigozum .

Rhizoclonium .

Rhopalodia.

. 76, 506

. 19, 505

. 66, 573

76, 514

Index of Genera,

PAGE

569

249

219

183

156

. 66, 572

245

202

_ 39, 177

Rhus. . .

Rhynchosia

Rhyticarpus

Rivularia .

Rogeria .

Royena .

Rubus .

Ruellia .

Rumex .

Salix .

Salvia

Samolus.

Sarcocaulon

Sarcostemma .

Satyrium

Scabiosa.

Scenedesmus .

Schismus

Schmidtia .

Schizochlamys

* Schizodium.

Schizothrix.

Schotia .

Scirpus .

| Scypgogyne

Scytonema .

Sebaea

Secamone

Selago

Selenastrum

Semonvyillea

Serpicula

Sericocoma.

Sericorema.

Serruria.

Sesamum

Setaria .

Silene

Simocheilus

Sisyndite

Solanum

Spatallopsis

Spergula

Spergularia

Sphaeralcea

Sphaerocystis .

Sphaeroplea

Spirogyra .

Spirulina

Spondylosium .

Sporobolus .

Stachys .

Statice .

Staurastrum

Stauroneis .

Stellaria.

Stigeoclonium.

Pe0es

Stigonema .

Surirella

Sutera

Sutherlandia ;

Sylitra .

Symploca .

Synedra.

Talinum

Tamarix

Teedia

Tephrosia .

Tetraedron.

Tetragonia .

Tetrapedia .

Tetraspora .

Todea ;

Tolypothrix

Tournefortia

Tragus .

Trianthema

Tribonema. .

Tribulus

Trichocaulon .

Trichodesma .

Tricholaeoa

Trifolium

Triraphis

Index of Genera.

PAGE |

581

600

266

256

585

Trochiscia .

Trochomeria .

Tryblionella

Ulothrix

Uronema

Vahlia .

Vaucheria .

Veronica

Viborgia

Vicia.

Viscum .

Vogelia .

Xanthidium

Xysmalobium .

Zaluzianskya .

Zizyphus

Zygema .

Zygophyllum

- 80

pS"

209

540

269

249

257

218

217

559

180

269

206

564

171

ANNALS

OF THE

SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM.

(Vou. IX.)

1.—On the Collections of Dried Plants obtained in South-West Africa

by the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions, 1908-1911. (Report

No. 5.)\—By H. H. W. Pearson, 8e.D., F.L.8., Professor of

Botany in the South African College, Cape Town.

In the expedition of 1908-1909, a general account of which has

already been published,* rather more than 3,000 numbers of flower-

ing plants were collected. In addition to these a few ferns, Charace,

fresh-water Algee and Lichens were also obtained. About 2,000 of

these are natives of Namaqualand and Bushmanland. A second

expedition, working between Hendekuil and Bethany Drift, on

the Orange River, is planned to leave Cape Town at the end of

November, 1910. This will, no doubt, yield considerable additions

to the collections already obtained.

West Africa, south of the Benguela tableland, is a region of

peculiar botanical interest. Many of its species are endemic ;

others appear to be remarkably limited in their distribution; all

exhibit a high degree of adaptation in habit, structure, or constitution

to the desert conditions, more or less severe, which prevail throughout

the area. Many portions of this region have been examined, as

thoroughly as circumstances would permit, by Drége, Welwitsch,

Schinz and many other botanical travellers, but the wealth of the

* Pearson, H. H. W., 1910, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, p. 481.

2 Annals of the South African Museum.

flora is still far from being exhausted. Such knowledge as has been

acquired in very many cases lacks precision owing to the poverty of

the specimens available for description and, further, on account of

the difficulties of travel and the remarkable power which the vegeta-

tion possesses of remaining dormant during the long spells of drought,

few localities are known with any degree of thoroughness. Much,

therefore, yet remains to be done in determining the geographical

range of species both within the region itself and beyond it into

contiguous areas.

The further study of the vegetation of this tract of country—

nowhere thickly populated and to a large extent without settled

habitations—is greatly to be desired also for economic reasons. Its

most important permanent industry is pastoral, and it is only neces-

sary to direct attention to the fact that comparatively little is known

respecting its fodder plants and species poisonous to stock—which

are numerous. In this respect the grasses call for special notice.

The profusion of members of this family on the dry sandy plains of

Bushmanland is in itself remarkable, and the possibility of bringing

some of these into cultivation elsewhere for pastoral purposes is

worthy of attention. Other families which force themselves upon

the notice of the traveller include the Euphorbias which predominate

both in size and numbers over the rest of the vegetation throughout

extensive areas. These have attracted some attention as possible

sources of caoutchouc. The distribution and conditions of growth

of any of the Namaqualand HEuphorbias may in the future become

questions of commercial importance. Agriculture is practised here

and there, frequently under somewhat primitive methods of irriga-

tion. There can be no doubt that with improved means of com-

munication and access to markets the cultivation of certain crops

is capable of further extension. These considerations furnish

economic justification for any efforts that can be made to obtain

a more complete knowledge of the composition of the native

vegetation and of the conditions under which it lives.

In the furtherance of this object it is proposed to publish in the

following pages a list of the species represented in the collections

of the Perey Sladen Memorial Expeditions, with such additional

information from field notes and from other collections as may

seem desirable. A general discussion of certain prominent features

of the vegetation and of its relationships with contiguous floras

will be deferred until the determination of the species is com-

pleted.

Collections of Dried Plants obtained in South-West Africa. 3

ITINERARY OF THE PERCY SLADEN MeEmoriaL Expepition, 1908-9.

The facts recorded in the following itinerary are arranged in six

columns. The numbers of the stages given in column 2 are attached

to the specimens constituting the first set which will be incorporated

in the Kew Herbarium.* The elevations (in feet) given in the fourth

column are, in nearly all cases, corrected Aneroid determinations.

Under the title ““Remarks”’ in the sixth column are recorded such

characters of the various localities as appeared to be of outstanding

importance. These facts are transcribed from field note-books,

and it is probable that some of the specific names used will need

correction when the specimens have been more thoroughly studied.

I am indebted to the Royal Geographical Society for permission

to reproduce the accompanying map, which was prepared by Mr.

Milne for publication in the Journal of the Society.

* A set will also be placed in the Herbarium of the South African Museum.

+ Pearson, H. H. W.., U.c., 1910.

Annals of the South African Museum.

9-10...

Region. | Elevation.

Cape | 1,080

Cape

Cape 2,320

Cape

Cape 2,500

Cape 2,500-2,000

Karoo

Karoo 2,000

Karoo

Karoo 1,420

Karoo

Karoo 1,200

Karoo

Karoo 950

Karoo |

Karoo | 806

Karoo

Karoo 1,100

Karoo |

Karoo 1,700

Karoo to Upper

Upper

2,700

About 2,500 |

Locality.

Ceres

Nine miles along the Leeuw-

fontein Road

Thence to Leeuwfontein

Leeuwfontein

Thence to Hottentot’s Kloof

Hottentot’s Kloof

Thence to Karoo Poort

Thence to Zoutpansdrift

Zoutpansdrift

About 9 miles along Beukes-

fontein Road

Thence to Beukesfontein

Beukesfontein

Thence to Gansfontein

(15 miles)

Gansfontein

Thence to Pappekuil

Pappekuil

Thence to Stompiesfontein

Stompiesfontein

Thence to Schurkraal

Schurkraal

Thence to Draaikraal

Draaikraal

Thence to Kareeboomfontein

Kareeboomfontein

Thence to Calvinia

Calvinia

Thence to Holle Rivier

Thence to Brakrivier

Collections of Dried Plants obtained in South-West Africa. 5

Remarks.

Mainly rocks near stream at the head of Mitchell’s Pass.

Undulating country, dry. Grain cultivation. Sheep and ostriches.

Undulating country, dry. Grain cultivation. Sheep and ostriches. Salix capensis,

Gunnera, grasses, &c., in small stream-bed containing stagnant water.

Dry hills; abandoned cultivation ; river-bed still retaining stagnant water.

Road rises about 600 feet, and then descends again. Dry undulations, bush, grass, and

succulents. Corn.

Dry hills rising to about 3,500 feet. Succulents, proteaceous bush, grasses. Corn.

Road gently descends a narrowing valley. Corn cultivation. Elytropappus. Mingling

of Cape and Karoo forms. Vegetation generally in good condition.

Dry. Cotyledon fascicularis, Euphorbias, &c., very abundant on hills.

Dry, stony flats. Much dead vegetation. Water scarce. Sheep, goats, ostriches.

Dry, stony flats. Much dead vegetation. Little living vegetation.

Weak spring (H.8). A little cultivation under irrigation (figs, meallies, pumpkins,

potatoes). Acacia horrida, Ehrharta spinosa, Sueda fruticosa.

Augea capensis, Mesembrianthema, Euphorbias. Extensive stretches of quite bare

ground.

Weak spring (H.S). Three date-palms in farm-garden. Acacia horrida (tree), with

Viscum. Away from the immediate vicinity of the spring the undulating stony

ground was exceedingly dry and almost destitute of vegetation except Mesembrian-

thema.

Acacia horrida, Galenia fruticosa, Ehrharta spinosa, Aristida spp., Mesembrianthema, a

few Composites, &c., in dry, sandy river-bed away from which the stony ground is

extremely barren. Dead plants of Hoodia sp. (?) were plentiful.

Weak spring (H.S). Gansfontein plants near water: Codon africanum and little else

away from it.

Away from sandy river-courses, country almost without living vegetation.

Farm abandoned on account of thedrought. Many dead Sarcocaulons. Living vegetation

includes little besides Augea capensis, Mesembrianthema and columnar Euphorbias.

Cedarberg Mountains haye been clearly visible for two days.

Country becomes more hilly (approaching Roggeveld Mountains). Acacia horrida with

Viscum capensis common in river-beds. Lycium, Zygophyllum, Galenia, Mesembrian-

thema, Solanum, Euphorbia, but all very dried up. No annuals.

Dates, oranges, figs, and a little corn under irrigation. Good water from well in river-

bed. Halophytes. Asclepias fruticosa.

Dry but becoming less barren. Road rapidly nears the Roggeveld Range.

Augea capensis, halophytes, Melianthus, Acacia horrida, Rhus viminalis, Composites and a

Nieuveveld Salvia. A dry, sandy river-bed and saline flat situated under the north-

western spur of the Roggeveld Mountains.

Road ascends about 800 feet up the Blaukrantz Pass to the plateau north-east of the Rogge-

veld ridge. Composites and other upper region forms become predominant as elevation

increases, Vegetation in good condition. Lichens, mainly crustaceous, are abundant.

Weak spring, away from which vegetation is very dry. Country mountainous.

Peaches, oranges, vines, water-melons, salt-bushes, lucerne, under irrigation; water

obtained from Oorlogs Rivier. Ostriches, horses, sheep, and some cattle. Arundo

and an exotic Tamarix in river-bed.

Road runs along foot of the Hantam Range. Vegetationmuch driedup. At Holle Rivier

is a deep river-bed (100-150 feet) with steep, rocky sides. A little moisture was still

retained, but the farm was abandoned on account of the drought. The garden con-

tained a great mass of Opuntia, a few fig-trees and one date-palm. Cadaba juncea,

Rhus viminalis with Viscum, Hibiscus urens, grasses and succulents (Crassulaces) in

the ravine.

Broken country. Crossed two branches of the Doorn Rivier, in which were found a Ficus,

Statice scabra, Tamarix articulata and some other Namaqualand forms.

Annals of the South African Museum.

16-17

17-18

18-19

19-20

| Region. Elevation. Locality.

| = Ss —

| | 7

20 | Upper and 1,600 Brakrivier

Namaqualand

21 Upper and Nama- Thence to Kopjes Kraal

qualand (the |

latter predomi-

nant) |

21 Upper 2,300 Kopjes Kraal

22 | Upper Thence to Loeriesfontein

22 Upper 2,800 Loeriesfontein

23° Upper, Namaqua- | 1,700 | Thence to Grauwater

| | land, Karoo (Grauwater) |

| 24 | Karoo and 1,700-1,600 Thence to Klipplaat

| Namaqualand |

20) Namaqualand and | 1,600-1,700 Thence about 10 miles to the

Bushmanland north-east

26 Bushmanland | Thence to a position said to be

8 miles south or south-west

of Bitterfontein

27 Bushmanland | Thence to a position said to be

about 8 miles south-west or

west of Bitterfontein

28 Bushmanland 2,300 | Thence to a position a few

| miles east of Nieuwfontein

29 | Bushmanland and Thence to Niewfontein

Upper

29 — 2,700 Nieuwfontein

304 | Upper, Namaqua- | Thence to Alewyn’s Fontein

land, and Karoo

30B | Upper, Namaqua- 2,900 Alewyn’s Fontein

land, and Karoo |

| 31a | Upper, Namaqua- | Thence about 15 miles on the

land, and Karoo road to Kamabies

dlp | Upper, Namaqua- 3,200 Fifteen miles north of

land, and Karoo | Alewyn’s Fontein

32a | Upper, Namaqua- Thence to Kamabies

land, and Karoo

328 Namaqualand 3,000 Kamabies

334 Namaqualand Thence to a position about

2 miles south of Tweefontein

33B Namaqualand 2,700 Two miles south of Twee-

fontein

Collections of Dried Plants obtained in South-West Africa. if

Remarks.

The farm is situated in the river-bed which lies in a very broad valley, above which the

hills rise about 1,000 feet. Below the hilltops Namaqualand species predominate—in

addition to those found on the 10th, there were here Aloe dichotoma, Vogelia africana,

Exomis and Didelta. dAugea capensis and many halophytes at the bottom of the

valley.

Road for some distance lies in Hantam’s river-bed, which is fringed with a very dense

growth of Tamarix bearing ‘‘ thousands’”’ of clumps of Viscum, and with an under-

growth of Su@da fruticosa, Lycium sp. (austrinum?) and some grasses. Aloe

dichotoma on hill-slopes facing north. On ascending 700 feet to level of Kopje’s

Kraal, upper-region forms again predominate.

In the deep ravine, Vogelia africana and Tamarix (without Viscum). On open ground,

Mesembrianthemum spinosum and Composites. River-bed contains much saline

efflorescence. Sheep, goats and a few cattle.

Water supply good. Village surrounded by extensive cornfields (wheat and_ oats).

Namaqualand forms in the ravines. Hibiscus wrens.

Road descends sandy bed of Kromme River and then crosses a series of undulating plains.

As the elevation falls the flora becomes more markedly karroid. Acacia horrida

(20-25 feet) near Grauwater water-pit. Farm deserted.

Near the end of the stage, ascended about 400 feet to cross the Langeberg Range. This

range bears a great development of Namaqualand forms (including Aloe dichotoma).

On the sandy plains at the foot of the pass, Hoodia Gordoni is extraordinarily

abundant, with both flowers and fruits. Very little water at Klipplaat. No

habitations.

Over sandy plains, in which Aloe dichotoma occurred abundantly. Towards the end of

the stage grasses became predominant (as individuals, perhaps as species). Vegeta-

tion in broad, sandy river-bed in better condition than at any station north of

Karoopoort.

Sandy surface very dry and barren. Vegetation mostly dead. Mesembrianthema,

grasses, &c., which were afterwards found again near the Orange River. Abandoned

cultivation.

Country uninhabited. Very dry. No surface water. The water at Bitterfontein is highly

charged with mineral salts.

A broid, sandy river-bed, with fairly dense vegetation, whose constituents were almost

identical with those of the river-bed in stage 25.

Very barren. A mixture of upper-region and Bushmanland species. Horses, cattle,

donkeys, sheep, and goats.

Lichens very abundant. Flat country with abrupt hills. Acacia horrida absent.

Many cattle. Vegetation dried up.

Karoo flora with Mesembrianthema on the plains; many Namaqualand forms (including

Aloe dichotoma) in deep ravine about 600 feet below general surface. Many lichens.

Tribulus sp.

Water-hole, fed by a spring, lies at the lowest point in a broad, sandy plain, sloping

gradually up on all sides to amphitheatre of rugged, barren hills rising about

1,000 feet above it. Namaqualand forms predominate. MRainless for five months.

Kamiesberg in sight.

Deep sand in broad valley. Aloe dichotoma abundant. Many columnar Euphorbias and

Mesembrianthema. Many dead Sarcocaulons on the hills.

Annals of the South African Museum.

| |

| Stage.

34, Namaqualand and

34n Namaqualand and

38A |

38R

39a |

39n

404

40B |

Ala |

41p

424

4292p

434

43p

Region.

Bushmanland

Namaqualand

Bushmanland

Elevation. Locality.

Thence to Rietfontein

2,300 Rietfontein.

Thence to O'okiep (3,050 feet)

Rattelpoort

3,000 Kweekfontein

Thence to Ougrabies

3,000 Ougrabies.

Thence to Aggenys

3,000 Aggenys

Thence to Pella

1,500 Pella

Thence to Groot Rozynbosch

2,800 Groot Rozynbosch

Thence to Wortel

2,700 Wortel

Thence to Dabainoris

1,500 Dabainoris

800

Thence to Abbasis

Abbasis

Collections of Dried Plants obtained in South-West Africa. 9

Remarks.

Collected for about 2 miles in the sandy bed of a tributary of the Buffels River.

Acacia horrida (just flowering), Salix capensis, Tamarix, Labiates, Cyperacee,

&e. Bushmanland grasses.

Broad, sandy river-bed. Parkinsonia africana, grasses (including Ehrharta spinosa) in

sand. Aloe dichotoma and a Euclea (tree) on hills. Figs, pears, plums, peaches,

apricots, quinces, pomegranates, grapes, loquats, dates, lucerne, wheat, under

irrigation in river-bed. Markets at Springbokfontein and O’okiep.

Corn and other cultivation under irrigation on flat lands. Country very mountainous.

In the considerable rise from Rietfontein to Baviaan’s Poort (? 4,000 feet), Amaran-

tacese are numerous.

Mountain west of railway station, about 4,500 feet s.m. Diosma, Selaginee and

other Cape forms near the sammit. Flora rich. Cotyledon fascicularis common on

lower slopes.

Namaqualand flora on the hills (rising about 1,000 feet); Bushmanland on the sandy

plains. Many sheep and cattle. Small Acanthacer.

Portulacaria namaquensis.

Sandy valley: hills rising about 1,000 feet. Dunes of red sand. Water-hole dry, receives

only surface rain-wash. Many young seedlings appearing in the sand. Parkinsonia

common. Portulacaria sp. on hill-slopes.

Roadway heavy; passes over about twenty-four ‘‘ waves’’ of red sand-dunes, some of

which are 40 feet high. Parkinsonia, grasses, Leguminose, Hermannia, «&c.

North-west corner of a vast sandy plain, where it abuts abruptly against a group of

mountains 1,500-2,000 feet high. On the plains a great development of Euphorbias,

Parkinsonia, Acacia giraffe (one tree), Tribulus, grasses, Mesembrianthema, Sisyndite

spartea, &e. On the hills, Acanthacee, Aloe dichotoma, Thesium, Sarcostemma,

Ficus, Portulacaria namaquensis, and many other forms. On sand-dunes 4 miles

to the east, many young seedlings, Hhrharta spinosa, Parkinsonia, Rhigozum,

Mesembrianthemum spinosum, Hoodia, Sarcocaulon, &c. Figs and dates under

irrigation near water-hole.

Sandy plains, becoming stony where descent to Pella commences. Zizyphus mucronata

(in dry river-beds), Cataphractes Alexandri, Melianthus, Mesembrianthema, grasses,

Euphorbias.

Broad, sandy river-bed : high hills (1,000-2,000 feet) to north of mission station. Acacia

giraffe, Euclea Pseudebenus, Tribulus, grasses, Euphorbias, Sisyndite spartea, in sand ;

Vogelia, Kissenia, Aloe dichotoma, small Acanthacee on hills. All fruits enumerated

under 348 and corn under irrigation in mission garden.

Mesembrianthema, a very fine Hermannia, Sarcocaulon, Rhigozum on the stony plains;

trees in narrow ravine. Ihus sp. (‘* Rozynbosch ’’—*‘ Raisinbush”’), Euclea, Salix,

Ficus; Acacia giraffe.

Many Euphorbias, large Hoodias, and Rhigozum.

Warte-hole at bottom of a narrow valley, 1-2 miles long, between hills of about 800 feet.

Flora very rich. Euphorbias in great abundance. Parkinsonia, Bauhinia, Hoodia,

Acanthacer, Sarcostemma, Acacia giraffe, many seedlings, especially grasses and

Cucurbitacer.

Much bare ground. Bouchea, Asparagus, Aloe dichotoma, Euphorbias, grasses, thickets

of Rhigozum trichotomum, Cadaba juncea and of Zizyphus mucronata, many Hoodias

and Parkinsonias.

Euclea Pseudebenus and Tamarix (Dabai) in sand near water-hole; Aloe dichotoma,

Pachypodium namaquanum, Bauhinia garipensis, Portulacaria namaquensis,

Forskohlea, Acanthacee and Asclepiadacew on hills. Water-supply poor, impreg-

nated with H.S. Sisyndite spartea, on sandy plains; grasses almost absent.

Road through deep sand falling gently to Orange River. Great development of tall

bushes of columnar Euphorbias (including Aggenys Euphorbia); Aloe dichotoma,

Bauhinia garipensis, few grasses, Parkinsonia, Acanthacer.

Desert flat separated from river by a broad belt of scrub (see Natwre, 1909, p. 466).

Annals of the South African Museum.

Region. | Elevation.

Locality.

Bushmanland |

Bushmanland

3ushmanland

Bushmanland

Bushmanland to

Namaqualand

Namaqualand to

Bushmanland

Bushmanland to

Great Namaqualand |

Great Namaqualand

Great Namaqualand |

Great Namaqualand

Great Namaqualand |

Great Namaqualand

Great Namaqualand |

Great Namaqualand

Thence to Raman’s Drift

Raman’s Drift

Thence to Henkriesfontein

Henkriesfontein

Thence to Eenriet

Eenriet

Thence to Steinkop

Klipfontein

O’okiep

Thence to Sabies

Sabies

Thence to Aus

Thence to Raman’s Drift

Raman’s Drift

Thence to a position 20 km.

north of Raman’s Drift

| 20 km. north of Raman’s Drift

Thence to 20 km. south of

Warmbad

20 km. south of Warmbad

Thence to Warmbad, through

Aleuriesfontein

Warmbad, and thence to a

position 2 miles south of

Dabaigabis

| Two miles south of Dabai-

gabis (Dubbeeknabies — of

J. KE. Alexander)

| Thence to Gabis, with a short

stay at the Dabaigabis

water-hole

Gabis

Thence to position 2 miles

west of Ganus

_ A little west of Ganus (1 mile

south of the stone marked

“27 km. nach Dreihuk’’)

Thence to position about

15 km. along the road to

Griindoorn

Collections of Dried Plants obtained in South-West Africa. 11

Remarks.

Along river-bank under steep granite cliff on which were seen Aloe dichotoma, and

probably Pachypodium. On the stony beach, a Zizyphus was almost strangled by

the roots of a Ficus about 40 feet high.

Gentle ascent through deep sand in river-bed and over the ‘ Wolftoon” (Pearson,

Journ. R.G.S., 1910, p. 495).

In situation, with respect to mountains bordering Orange River, and in vegetation very

similar to Pella.

Road through deep sand.

Narrow valley enclosing hills 500-1,000 feet. Euphorbias, Mesembrianthema, Composites.

Namaqualand forms predominant, but Aloe dichotoma not seen.

Mesembrianthema, Galenia fruticosa.

Vegetation very similar to that of Rattelpoort (36), but dried up.

Vegetation very similar to that of 334. Much Tamarix in stream-bed.

Plains of red sand; dry ravine 100-200 feet deep; hills 1,000-1,500 feet. Vegetation of

the same type but richer.

Passing to the left of the Gesellschap Bank—a dome of granite rising abruptly from the

sandy plain. Vegetation at foot of hill very rich. Euphorbias, Sisyndite spartea,

&e., on the plain.

Hills south of Police Camp very barren. Acanthacee, Asclepiadacer, Bauhinia

garipensis, Euphorbia virosa and two other species.

Crossed to the German side.

Hill-slopes very barren. Vegetation of valley quite similar to that between the Gesellschap

Bank and Raman’s Drift (524 and n). Road through deep sand.

Sandy plains. Bushmanland flora, including Euphorbias, Parkinsonia, Rhigozum,

Tribulus, &e.

Sandy plains.

River-bed among rugged hills. Bushmanland and Namaqualand vegetation, but richer in

forms than any locality south of the river except perhaps Wortel (42n).

Very barren, but many seedlings, especially grasses, here and there. Bushmanland

forms.

Very barren. South of Warmbad the surface is very stony. Between Warmbad and

Dabaigabis sandy and undulating.

A sandy plain; station near dry bed of tributary of the River Houm. In the river-bed,

fine trees of Acacia horrida, with Cadaba, Tamarix, Galenia, grasses, &e. On the

plain, many trees of Acacia giraffe, with nests of Philetaerus socius (varely in the

river-bed itself), Mesembrianthema, Hoodia, Rhigozum, Peliostomum, Tribulus,

Augea capensis, Parkinsonia, small Euphorbias, grasses, We.

River-bed and low hills opposite the mission station. Augea capensis, Euphorbias,

Sueda, Tamarix, Parkinsonia, Bouchea, Rhigozum, Huclea Pseudebenus, Acacia

horrida, A. giraffe.

Passing through Dreikuk.

Sandy plain; rain haa recently fallen and vegetation was flourishing. Many seedlings

and small annuals. The Great Karas Berg in sight to the north.

Passed over belt of sand-dunes. Harpagophytum.

Annals of the South African Museum.

Region.

teens

sei)ibno

T3=15-.:

597

604

60n

Gla

Olp

O2A

62r

OBA

633

Elevation.

Locality.

|Great Namaqualand

Great Namaqualand |

Great Namaqualand

Great Namaqualand |

}

| Great Namaqualand

Great Namaqualand

Great Namaqualand |

Great Namaqualand

Great Namaqualand |

Great Namaqualand

}

Great Namaqualand

3,300

3,900

3,300

3,000

2,300

2,900

3,300

3,100

3.200

About 15 km. north-west of

Ganus

Thence to position about

20 km. SSE. of Griindoorn

About 20 km. SSE. of

Griindoorn

Thence to Griindoorn

Griindoorn

Thence to Sabiesis

Sabiesis

Thence to Holoog

Holoog

Gawachab

Seeheim

Gobas

Keetmanshoep

Sandverhaar

South of the railway line,

20 km. west of Sandverhaar

Collections of Dried Plants obtained in South-West Africa. 13

Remarks.

A flat plain south of Great Karas Berg and almost on the watershed between the Houm

and the Kameeldoorn Rivers. Surface here and there of dried mud, elsewhere sandy

but very barren. The bush following the numerous small river-beds gives the country

the appearance of fallow-fields separated by hedges. Away from the river-beds the

vegetation is Karroid—Mesembrianthema, Euphorbias—with a few halophytes.

River-bed flora as at Dabaigabis, but without Acacia horrida. A bushy Acacia

(2A. hebeclada) is very prominent; 4. giraffe is the only tree.

Surface sandy, gradually rising. Small broken hills. Vegetation good; knee-high bushes

(many dead), grasses, &c.

Sandy plain sloping to the east; many broken kopjes near dry bed of Kameeldoorn

River. Very dry. Atriplex, Mesembrianthema, grasses, &c., on the plain; Rhigozum

(mostly dead) along minor stream-beds; Acacia giraffe, Zizyphus, &c., along larger

stream-beds. Augea capensis. Many species on kopjes (Oxalis, grasses, Vogelia, &c.).

Road ascends a little and then drops suddenly about 200 feet to a sandy plain which slopes

gently down to Griindoorn. Collected on kopjes to about 4,700 feet. Plains dried

up: Hoodia common.

Dry. Good water-supply. Collected mainly on low kopjes about 13 miles east of the

farm. Rhigozum, Acacia hebeclada, A. horrida, A. giraffe are fairly common in

sandy stretches alongside the shallow river-bed. Horses, cattle, sheep, and goats.

Over undulating sandy plains, very dry. Vegetation poor.

Water-hole in a broad, sandy river-bed surrounded by sandstone-capped hills rising about

1,000 feet. Near the water-hole, Acacia horrida, A. giraffe, Euclea Pseudebenus,

Tamarix, Sisyndite spartea and bushy Euphorbias (as at Aggenys—39 B). On the

hills, Aloe dichotoma, Euphorbia virosa and other Euphorbias, Bawhinia garipensis,

Vogelia africana, Cadaba juncea, Asclepiads, Blepharids, Amaranths, &e.

A broad, sandy valley leading up from Sabiesis towards Holoog was rich in forms includ-

ing many annuals. On a broad, sandy plain at the top of this valley a large area is

dotted with clumps (10-20 feet in diameter) of the ‘‘ Aggenys Euphorbia.”’

At this date the railhead. Much of the ‘‘ Aggenys Euphorbia ’’ on the limestone hills.

Rhigozum, Cataphractes, Acacia giraffe, Montinia acris, Asclepiads, grasses, &c.,

near and in river-beds.

About half a mile from the south bank of the Lowen’s River, due west of the Little Karas

Berg. On the sandy plains south of the river, Parkinsonia, Rhigizum, Acacia giraffe,

and much dead bush. South bank fringed by belt of sand-dunes. River had recently

flowed ; a few pools still left; on the banks, Acacia horrida (trees), Zizyphus mucro-

nata, Euclea, Lycium, Tamarix, grasses, &c. Salix capensis apparently absent.

Parkinsonia and Hoodia are very common on plains between Gawachab and Seeheim.

Seeheim in bed of the great Fish River. River now in flood. Sandstone hills rising

600 feet. Collected on hills and in beds of Fish and Schaf Rivers. On river bank

Acacia horrida, A. giraffe, Bauhinia garipensis, Sisyndite spartea, Euclea Pséude-

benus, &e. No Salix seen. Ophioglosswn vulgatum is said to occur here in sand.

Aloe dichotoma on the hills between Seeheim and Gobas. Gobas in bed of small tributary

of the Fish River. Hills to the south (about 1,000 feet) are of limestone with vertical

outcrops of dolerite. Parkinsonia and Aloe dichotoma common. Vegetation dried

up. Dolerite quite barren. Grasses, Ficus sp., bulbs, &c., on limestone.

“* Agoenys Euphorbia’? common between Gobas and Keetmanshoep but not seen on the

sandy plateau east of K. Vegetation poor. Acacia giraffe, grasses, &c.

Shallow bed of a tributary of the Fish River (now quite dry). Sandstone hills rising to

about 600 feet; their bases buried in waves of sand. ‘‘ Aggenys Euphorbia” very

abundant on sandstone and shallow sand. Rhigozum, Acacia horrida, A. giraffe,

A. hebeclada and another, Aloe dichotoma, Harpagophytum, Zizyphus mucronata.

Many annuals, especially Leguminose, on the sand-dunes.

Heavy rains, line washed away. A gravelly plain with low hills of black limestone to the

east. Aloe dichotoma, Sarcocaulon (2 spp.), Asclepiads on the hills; Rhigozum and

the ‘‘ Aggenys Euphorbia” with Monsonia ovata (?), Tribulus and other annuals on

the plains; along a dry, sandy stream-bed Cataphractes, Bouchea gariepina, Cadaba

juncea, Bauhinia garipensis, Grewia sp., Parkinsonia africana (common), Acacia

givafia, &e.

Feb. 15-16...

.°

a”

Annals of the South African Museum.

Date.

1909.

Ake

eeeeee

P43) Bopoee

March 2-7

10-12

24...

748) S50

GHU So

Stage.

70 Great Namaqualand

“I

| Region.

}

Great Namaqualand

Great Namaqualand |

Great Namaqualand

Damaraland

Angola

Elevation. | Locality.

3,250 | Buchholzbrunn

3,500 (cire.) Kuibis

3,500 (cire.) Akam River (8 km. south of

Kuibis)

4,500 Schakalskuppe

4,600 Aus

| At the railway station

| 122 km. (18 km.

| west of Aus)

3,500 (cire.)

2,700 | Gorup

1,800 Tschauchab

1,000 Rotkuppe

0 Liideritzbucht

Colman’s Kop

1,500 Welwitsch

0-100 | Mouth of R. Swakop and sand-

dunes over the Walfish Bay

border ;

0 Lobito Bay

St. Paul de Loanda

0-160 | Thence to Cassuallala

Collections of Dried Plants obtained in South-West Africa. 15

Remarks

Shallow, sandy river-bed with limestone hills to the east. In the river-bed, Codon (ajri-

canum ?), Sisyndite spartea, Zizyphus, Acacia giraffe, A. hebeclada and another,

Cadaba juncea, Euclea Pseudebenus; on the hills, Sarcocaulon, Euphorbia, &ce.

Vegetation not in good condition.

Plains between Buchholzbrunn and Kuibis are thickly covered with large angular blocks

of quartzite. The ‘‘Aggenys Euphorbia’”’ occurs spasmodically, and grasses are

abundant between the blocks. In the deep sand at Kuibis, Ophioglossum vulgatum

is common. In the gorge at Kuibis the usual river-bed trees occur (including Acacia

horrida).

Passed stretches of sand and, towards the river, an undulating plain strewn with quartzite

blocks. On the sand Rhigozum, Cataphractes, a small bushy Acacia and various

bulbous monocotyledons. Near the river the vegetation was rich—many grasses,

small Acanthads. In the river gorge much bush with grasses, reeds, rushes, «&e.

(Standing water only.)

An extensive sandy plain with hills rising to 5,600 feet. On the plains many annuals and

other herbaceous plants—Tribulus spp., Ficoids, Monsonia, grasses, Euphorbias

(annual and perennial, all small). This was the only ‘‘ green” surface seen between

Ceres and the Tropic. Acanthacer and bushy Mesembrianthema. Near the hills

Rhigozum is common. On the hills, Oxalis, Pelargonium, grasses, Polygala,

Blepharids, Euphorbias, with a marked preponderance of Composite. The general

appearance of the hill-tops was very similar to that of the Nieuveld Mountains near

Beaufort West. dloe dichotoma was not seen. Acacius also appeared to be absent

but some small umbrella-shaped trees seen on the plain in the distance were not

identified.

Vegetation Karroid. Very dry. Acacia horrida in river-bed.

Sandy plain with barren hills to about 4,500 feet. Small grasses and other annuals,

Ophioglossum vulgatum, bulbous monocotyledons. Hoodia and small bushy Mesem-

brianthema, Euphorbias, Composites and many seedlings in the sand; Acacia

horrida, A. giraffe in shallow river-bed; Acanthads, Asclepiads, Cadaba, bushy

Composites on hills. This place is about 10 km. from the eastern boundary of the

littoral desert.

A barren, sandy plain, with low hills. Two species of Euphorbia are abundantly repre-

sented on the sandy slopes at the bases of the hills, and with them occur Sar-

cocaulon (2 spp.), Hoodia and dead bushes of Zygophyllum, a Hermannia, Vogelia,

and three species of Aristida. Acacia giraffe represented by a few small trees

in the river-beds and also on the sandy hill-slopes—nearly all appeared to be

dying.

Extremely barren plains with a surface of fine gravel and coarse sand; hills rising about

1,500 feet. The same species as at Gorup, but the larger of the two Euphorbias

seemed to be absent. Only two dwarfed trees of Acacia giraff@ were seen.

Country between Tschauchab and Rotkuppe extremely barren; the only species seen from

the train in 30 km. were a Gorup Euphorbia and thousands of leafless and flowerless

specimens of a Sareocaulon. At Rotkuppe undulating plains of sand and gravel,

with very rough hills rising 1,000-1,500 feet. Large sand-dunes on the hill-tops and

supporting much vegetation including grasses, bushy Asclepiads (2), Pituranthos,

Leguminose, Sarcocaulon, Pelargonium, and some Composites and Mesembrian-

thema. Augea capensis, Sarcocaulon and Euphorbia on the plains.

No plants seen in a ride of 4km. Atmosphere thick with blown sand and fine gravel.

Welwitschia, &c. Few annuals in Khan valley; perennial vegetation less active than in

January, 1907.

Collected on Sandspit bounding the harbour on the west.

Annals of the South African Museum.

Date Stage

1909.

April 1. —

” 2-5 =

93 6-8 —

AD 9-12 —

» LO. a

eae nee 101

on By oO 102

oo 103

ee Ok. te 104

5 PAs) ona feels)

eo) eee | LOG

BO ay

Wiehe 1 Soeoce 108

» 2-4 —

Ae ooceex 109

AR fo\Olcaceon 110

SS Pane 111

sig, | LO mrewetee 112

4) LOleses. 113

Region.

Angola

Elevation. |

160-2,500

2,400 (cire.)

2,000

200 (cire.)

10-1,700

1,700

1,600

- 1,600-6,000 |

6,097

6,097-5,460 |

| 6,097-5,900

Locality.

Thence to N’Dalla Tandu and

Mossamedes to the

(Km. 107)

Mossamedes

Granja San Luiz

Montobello

Granja San Luiz

Lobito Bay

Mossamedes

railhead

Railhead (Km. 107)

Camp north of the railway

about 1:5 km. east of No.

105

Along dry sandy

crossing

river-bed

the line imme-

diately west of the camp

106—south of the railway

South of the railway between

105 and 106

From 106 to Humpata

Humpata

Thence to Lubango

Humpata to edge of High

Plateau towards Huilla

Collections of Dried Plants obtained in South-West Africa. 17,

Remarks.

Dense forest commences a few miles east of Cassualala and ceases near N’dalla Tandu.

The hills of Golungo Alto are seen from the train to the north.

Dense forest.

Dense forest. Gretum africanum.

Sandy slopes behind cable station. Luxuriant growth of Aristida sp. (knee-high) and other

grasses ; Zygophylla, Ficoidew, Composite, &c.

About 8 miles south-east of Mossamedes towards R. Coroca. Welwitschia, Euphorbia

with stout, 7-angled columnar stems, Asclepiads, grasses, &c.

Mouth of Bero River—ground wet, frequently marshy—Sueda fruticosa, Nicotiana

glauca, Arundo, Ficoidex, grasses, &c. Sugar-cane, banana, and other tropical and

subtropical cultivation.

After leaving bed of R. Géroual, railway passes for about 40 miles over a stony desert

in which grasses are abundant after exceptional rains. At about 1,000 feet, Vitis

macropus occurs in abundance, mainly between Km. 44 and 55. Higher up, grasses

become thicker, and bushes—Acacias, Bauhinia (? gariepina), Combretacer,

Acanthacew—become increasingly abundant and of larger size; with the grasses

occur numerous herbaceous plants—Capparidacee, Pedalinexw, Leguminoser,

Ficoidew, Euphorbias. At and beyond Km. 107, a low, open forest prevails. No

surface water between Mossamedes and Km. 107, except at Pedra Grande.

Open forest of low trees, among which Copaifera Mopane is usually predominant ; with

it a tall bushy Combretum is abundant and Acacia spp., Ficus, &c., are less common.

Grasses, Ficoidew, Leguminoser, Monsonias, Pedalinew. Abrupt granite blocks,

often of immense size, rise above the trees.

Forest of the same character as at 105, but richer. Undergrowth very rich in grasses,

also including Pedalinew, Oldenlandiw, Monsonia, Acanthacer, Capparidacee.

The arborescent species are here of lower growth than at 105, and form an open

‘thicket’ rather than forest. (1064 = South of the railway ; 1068 = North.)

Grasses and other herbaceous plants very abundant and mostly in flower. Sansevieria

(sp. n.) in sand at the top of a large granite block in the stream-bed about 4 mile

from the railway.

Near the Munhino River the forest opens out and large stretches are densely grass-

covered (grasses about 3 feet) and bear scattered trees of Ficus sp., Acacia albida.

After crossing the river, Copaifera Mopane prevails until the ascent of the Shella

Pass has commenced. Bauhinia garipensis occurs on broken ground; Cataphractes

Alexandri is locally common. Adansonia digitata becomes common above Capan-

gombe. In the pass, above the Copaifera and Baobab, ferns become abundant

(Adiantum, Pellaea, &c.). A stemless Phoenix is common about 1,500 feet from

the top. Near top of pass an arborescent Euphorbia, 40 feet high, is common ;

also Dombeya, Ficus, Acacias, Clematis, &c. Above the pass the country is undu-

lating and grassy, with proteaceous trees and bushes, Muraltias, Gladioli, Salvias,

Plantago, Helichrysum, Melastomacex, &c.

Grass-covered plains with proteaceous bushes, Aloe Baumii, &c.; marshy places here

and there. Cultivation—Wheat, Zea Mais, sorghum, tomatoes, Sechium edule, &e.

Collected mainly along banks of water-furrow which leads water from the Nene River.

Collected mainly in marshy places.

Road passes over a ridge about 7,000 feet. Extensive grassy plains with proteaceous and

leguminous forest on the slopes above Lubango. At Lubango much cultivation on

small scale—Wheat, potatoes, maize, sorghum, figs, &c. ; roses, bananas, oranges,

pepper-trees (Schinus molle), oleanders in gardens. Hucalyptus globulus here and

at Humpata near habitations.

Vegetation as in 109-112. Pteris aquilina, Buphane disticha.

18 Annals of the South African Museum.

Date Stage. Region. Elevation. Locality.

1909

May 11...... 114 Angola 5,900-5,512 Thence to Huilla Mission

Station

Ay d Phseancn 115 Angola 5,512-4,593 Thence to Chibia

», 12-13 116 Angola Thence to Quihita

soy Aes 117 Angola Thence towards Gambos Fort

sy Als} 118 Angola 3,810 (fort) Thence to Gambos Fort and

on to Mission Station

onl Gancee 119 Angola Thence towards Cahama

Fen Ledeen 120 Angola On towards Cahama

5h She eee 1A) Angola Cahama, and thence to left

bank of Caculovar River

ar ge OR eee 122 Angola 3,450 Thence to Tchipelongu Mis-

(Tchipelongu) sion Station

by PAY cooode 123 Angola Thence to Caculovar River,

opposite Houmbe

weal 2 4 Angola 3,450 To Houmbe, and _ thence

(Houmbe) | through Cunene Marshes

_ to Fort Rosadas

AEP aece 125 Angola Thence towards Tchipelongu

Mission Station

Ate Benepre 126 Angola Tchipeloneu, and thence on

Ediva Road

bey PE soba 127 Angola To N’jambi, and thence to

San Januario Cotton Estate

and towards Cahama

ag) 2D sscsee 128 Angola Cahama and towards Gambos

Ne ee Olnaneer 129 Angola On towards Gambos

Fre acne -- Angola Gambos Mission and Fort

By 24s) sodcoc — Angola | Thence towards Quihita

Pe ee ee = Angola | To Quihita

an 8Gh0) sonode = Angola Thence to Chibia

June Ayes — Angola Thence to Huilla

SMO Ner eee _ Angola Thence to Tchevinguiro

py eases — Angola Thence to Munhino River

Sa Giblisseees = Angola Thence to Mossamedes

sins elulipetaees 130 Angola Benguela to Km. 82-5 on the

Katanga Railway

Ap eh aponue — Angola Lobito Bay

Mead isetionec — Congo Cabinde

», 19-21 — San Thomé San Thomé

Julivs 2 eee — | Cape Verde Islands St. Vincent

Portugal

Praia das Macas

Collections of Dried Plants obtained in South-West Africa. 158)

Remarks.

Various European plants in Mission garden—Apples, strawberries, onions, cabbages, beet,

mangold wurzel, French beans, ivy; also guavas, pepper-trees, Bougainvillea, Pinus

maritima, P. canariensis, Araucaria imbricata, Eucalyptus robusta, E. rostrata,

E. gigantea, Photinia japonica, Coffea arabica.

Proteacer gradually become scarce, and beyond Chibia are replaced by Acacias (including

A. albida), Copaifera, &e. Grasses abundant.

Much grass. Copaifera, Acacias, Zizyphus, Aloe Bauwmii and another, Strychnos,

Asclepiads, one epiphytic orchid (Ansellia sp.), Vitis quadrangularis, Lippia,

Sansevieria, &e.

Grass abundant, but dried up. Baobab reappears. Ficus sp. (handsome tree).

Copaifera not common. Plumbago; Acacia albida rather common; Amaran-

tacesw, Sansevieria, &c.

Grasses dried up. Copaifera predominant. Many small Acanthaceew; two Aloes;

Sansevieria very common. No baobabs.

Copaifera predominant. Baobabs towards end of stage. Many extensive open spaces with

much grass ; Ficus (60 feet); Acacia (bush); much Loranthus.

Copaifera predominant; Baobabs; grasses; Combretum (as at 105).

Bauhinia predominant; Combretum; small vegetation dried up. Near the river the

Copaifera is replaced by Acacias.

Acacias alternating with Copaifera. Zizyphus common along dry river-bed. Bao-

babs increasing in number. Undergrowth (grasses) dried up. Acaulescent palm

(Hyphene sp?).

Small Baobabs very abundant; Copaifera rare; Acacias predominant. Country more

open. Small vegetation dried up. Palms 30-40 feet here and there. Asclepiad-

lianas, Combretum.

At Houmbe, slight elevation surrounded by open Acacia Bush, with little Copaifera.

In open ground, Palms (two), Ficus (50 feet), Baobabs, tall columnar Euphorbia

(25 feet), dead herbaceous vegetation. Cunene Marshes—Marsilia, Azolla, Utricu-

laria, Arundo and other grasses; Ficus and Acacia sp. on high ground. Beyond

Fort Rosadas, Baobabs, Copaifera, Acacias.

Copaifera with undergrowth of grasses or Acacias with undergrowth mainly of Amaran-

taceze and Acunthacee (few grasses). But these relationships are not constant. Salix

and Rhus along banks of Caculovar River.

Sansevieria common.

Grass-land and Savannah with open forest here and there. Above 1,000 feet, vegetation

very similar to that of Stage 107 but Copaifera not seen.

Shore plants only.

“Eu phort

RS uch Lahr

Tuble

han

S Icha

Neanu~ ‘

AD en!

fice rtein ee lie re Ty = D

SOUTH MaAsT AWRICA

to Haare a paper , 3 : zr

PROF.H H.W. PEARSON. MA.,ScD FLS ; ‘ ; : p WO here ~ Tefel Kop |

$ SP e . Ted v

3 s Atha, Ags J Great

———

Seale 2.500.000 orl Inch = 39-46 Stat Miles FS 2

y i i ~ Sugrabie eee Kop

foo 10 20 30 40 50

————

Reference

Route «hown thie

Raxlwoyae “

Rivers generally running or in pools

4 dry ecccept wer rains

Heights wy feat from Anerevd Readings

Nxed pownte mi the raUweye

Note

The nomen wired across the rovite how approasmutely the

Jurtrbution of the vegetation

St Pont de a L

= =

PORTUGUESE |.

a ae

SOUTH AFRICA

Seale 1) 40,000,000 ar 1 Inch -O20 S141 Mie

i OO

Area inelisited in snap aharwn Ouse (3 CPS.

apciongo%

"] Seale 1:2,500,000 or Linch ~ 39:46 Stat Miles

: ie Xe,

hte eee

forest of

rgromth of grasses

wnbos

att

Ff Dongoenac | a

Snone Riven ;

3 a |P

Cape Agulhaa}—

GERMAN

WEST AFRICA

sourn

( 21 )

9, ITINERARY OF THE PERCY SLADEN MEMORIAL EXPEDITION TO

THE ORANGE River,* 1910-1911. (Report No. 17%.) t—By

H. H. W. Pearson, S8ec.D., F.L.S.

THE expedition set out from Cape Town on November 23, 1910;

reached the Orange River at a point between Bethany and Skate’s

Drifts (opposite the German Police Barracks) on the morning of

December 29th; and concluded its work at Van Rhyn’s Dorp on

January 23, 1911.

The route from Eendekuil—at that time the terminus of the

North-Western Railway line—to O’okiep deviated but little from

the post-cart road. From Annenous (a station on the O’okiep-Port

Nolloth Railway) the track followed is not accurately laid down

throughout its length on any existing map. Many of the localities

visited north of O’okiep are indicated on sheets 127 K and L, 127 F,

and 127 EK of the Reconnaissance Maps of the British War Office.

Except in the deviations from the main route from Numees Mine

to Kuboos and from O’okiep to Anegas, Mr. B. Melle, of the South

African College, accompanied the expedition throughout the journey.

Mr. N.S. Pillans, of the Union Department of Agriculture, was

attached to the expedition from November: 23rd to December 16th

(Cape Town to O’okiep), and rendered valuable assistance in the

collection of living and dried plants in that portion of the journey

I have much pleasure in recording my indebtedness to these

gentlemen.

* Assisted by a grant from the Royal Society.

+ The following Reports have been published or are in the press :—

No. 1. ‘‘ Travels of a Botanist in South-West Africa,’’ by H. H. W. Pearson,

Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, 1910.

No. 2. ‘The Anatomy of JVelwitschia mirabilis, Hook. f. in the Seedling and

Adult States,” by M. G. Sykes, T'rans. Linn. Soc., vii. (1910)., p. 327.

No. 3. ‘‘On the Seed-coat of Carica Papaya,” by E. L. Stephens, Annals of

Botany, 1910.

No. 4. ‘‘On the Embryo of Welwitschia,” by H. H. W. Pearson, dnnals of

Botany, 1910.

No. 5. Ann. S.A. Musewn, ix., 1.

No. 6. (In the press.)

22 Annals of the South African Museum.

On leaving the neighbourhood of the Oliphant’s River on Decem-

ber 1st, the expedition entered a dry, more or less desert stretch

which merged into Namaqualand proper between Van Rhyn’s Dorp

and Nieuwe Rust (December 3rd). All the localities visited between

December 3rd and January 6th lie within Namaqualand. Ratel-

kraal, Rietfontein, Koeberg and Dobabeep are situated on the

western border of Bushmanland. At Anegas the road again enters

Namaqualand, but quickly rises on the Khamiesberg to an elevation

beyond which the typical Namaqualand vegetation is replaced by

forms whose affinities are with those of the Cape Region.

Except in Bushmanland, the principal vegetative season of the

regions visited occurs in the spring (August to October). It is

probable that many species flowering in the spring, particularly

to the north of Van Rhyn’s Dorp, are still unknown. But as far

north as Bethany Drift the vegetation of this season has been

studied by various botanists, notably by J. F. Drége. On the

Khamiesberg, and also at lower elevations to the north of Bowes-

dorp, thunder rains occur more or less spasmodically in the summer

season. In years when these rains do not fail, a considerable number

of species are in flower in January and February. This is especially

the case in the little-known region lying to the north of the Port

Nolloth-O’okiep Railway. The summer of 1910-11 was _ particu-

larly favourable for the development of this secondary flowering

season, and from a preliminary examination of the collections it

appears that they include a considerable proportion of species not

previously found.

It was intended to take a complete series of readings of Maximum,

Minimum, and Wet and Dry bulb temperatures. Owing to various

circumstances, particularly to accidents with the thermometers, this

intention was not carried out. But there is so little definite informa-

tion regarding the meteorological conditions of the region that the

few observations taken should perhaps be placed on record.

Except where it is otherwise stated, the maximum readings were

taken under the wagon, the thermometer being suspended about

2 feet above the ground. This was the only position in which

shade could be obtained for 2 hours or more before and after

midday. Owing to the strong reflection from the ground the

readings are, probably in all cases, higher than those which

would have been registered by a properly screened instrument.

When two readings are recorded for the same locality they were

taken on successive days (¢.g., Stinkfontein, Noy. 5-6). The

minimum readings were given by a thermometer hung in a bush

The Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition to the Orange River, 23

at about 24 feet from the ground. Wherever possible the bush

chosen was a leafless Euphorbia; in all other cases the bushes

were microphyllous. The highest minimum recorded was 88°—at

Windhoek on the night of November 30th. This was due to a hot

wind blowing with much force from the top of the Giftberg, the

prevalence of which is indicated by the name Windhoek. The

thermometers used were all standardised at Kew. One of them

was kindly lent for the purposes of the expedition by Mr. C. M.

Stewart, B.Sc., Secretary to the Meteorological Commission, Cape

Town.

The wet and dry bulb readings were obtained from two ordinary

thermometers mounted together in a metal case—the only form

obtainable that was likely to withstand the vicissitudes of wagon-

travelling. Except where it is otherwise stated, the readings

were taken at 2 p.m.; those marked * were recorded when the

instrument was hung for a special purpose in a bush of Huphorbia

Dregeana or Mesembryanthemum Barklyi. As far as possible they

were shaded, but they could not be entirely protected; this,

together with the reflection from the bare ground, makes the

readings higher than would have been given in a screen. All

other readings were taken under the same conditions as those

described for the maximum thermometer.

The aneroid used was one of Messrs. Cary’s (No. 1359). On the

return of the expedition it was calibrated in.the physics laboratory

of the South African College by my colleague, Mr. W. H. Logeman.

The altitude readings in column 3 are obtained by applying the

mean of pressure corrections for rising and falling pressure,

assuming that pressure at sea-level = 30-07 inches, 7.e., the mean

of the last 10 years. At the same time the results of the calibra-

tion were such as to lead to the conclusion that very little faith can

be placed in the figures obtained.

24 Annals of the South African Musewmn.

Date | Stage. Altitude.| Max. Min. | Wet. Dry

1910 a ic - 7

INOVir 24eiseeeces Kendekuil to Toll House

on Pickenier’s Pass

55, EDS Top of Pickenier’s Pass 2,000 82 50°5 | 68°5 80°5

5 ON nates Boontjes Rivier 940 6:2 89

Pe D=o0 Hex River 56

», 26-27 ... | Kradouwkrantz 700 92 55 66:5 | 88

| 13) 62 find

SSR ewes s _ Rondegat 700 |

Fee ars) aonure | Clanwilliam |

, 628-29 Langkloof 47°5 |

Ce 2O Weewaane | Through Nardouw Kloof 700 89 57 87

| to Builshoek

OMe: Doorn River Bridge 400 98°5 65 96

(under |

bridge) |

,, 380-Dec.1 | Windhoek 88

IDFeKeG < llscap adore | Attis 108 70 105

Sie) IBA eee / Van Rhyn’s Dorp 200

nyt eee Banas | Nieuwerust 1,620 TEE 59 77

a 4D seeks Two miles east of Bitter- 52 54

| fontein (3 | a.m.)

Sa Oseecre | Stinkfontein (South) 950 Cel 60 76

| 85°5 57 61°5

| (9) p.m.)

54 58

(5.30 | a.m.)

| 62 84

Fn OH Nexans | Four miles south of 1,600

| Garies

ote gM hence | Garies / 1,000 62 78

aie eteasaees | Middelkraal 1,950 53°5 58

(5 | a.m.)

eS acesanen: Brakdam 2,300 77 58 75

AG Oa Oeeaeae Rietkloof 2,600 50 54

(10 | p.m.)

50 52

(5.30 | a.m.)

3 9-10 Koets 2,750 94°5 52 62:5

(5.30 | a.m.)

62°5 93

», 10-13 Bowesdorp 3,100 Oi: 55 60 90

93-5 65 47 57

(4.35 | a.m.)

55 70

(6 | a.m.)

63°5 92

(4 | p.m.)

dpe. Hilbeoadgeone Summit of Sneeuwkop 5,380

an al ebsscocdoc S.W. lower middle slopes

| of Sneeuwkop

pe Bhopencnce | Arkoep | 2,700 96

;, 13-14 Brandt Rivier | 2,180 54°5 | 50 56

| | (Early |morning.)

Are AY eanances | Mesklip | 2,900 89 62 89

», 4-15 Blaustaasie BAO I aes 49 51 54

| (5.30 | a.m.)

64 {ft

The Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition to the Orange River, 20

Remarks.

Slight rain.

Rained heavily all night.

Collected on plateau (Bokkeveld) 1,200 feet above right bank of Oliphant’s River.

Road leaves Oliphant’s River and crosses dry sandy plain.

Strong, hot S.E. wind from top of Gift Berg, lasting all night.

Crossed Widouw’s River, in which was no water but a dense growth of Acacia horrida.

At Attis much cultivation in river-bed. Vines, fruit trees, corn.

Road from V.R.D. to Nieuwerust crosses arid plain in which the only surface water was

intensely bitter. Mesembryanthema.

Southern limit of Aloe dichotoma, on this road, is about 1 mile south of Stinkfontein.

Cape flora. Two Heaths. Leucospermum (all specimens seen were killed by fire).

Crossed Buffel’s River (1,850 feet). Huphorbia Dregeana occurs south of this.

Heavy dew at night.

see weeeee

see wweeee

eee eeeeee

Annals of the South African Musewmn.

Altitude.

Stage. Max. Min. | Wet. Dry.

Summit of Vogelklip 4,030

Springbokfontein 3,430

O’okiep 3,410

Klipfontein 3,360

Annenous 2,160

Outspan W. of Chubiessis| 2,010 67* 108°5*

Water

Stinkfontein (North) 2,510 56 65* 96*

Modderfontein | 2,360 66* 104*

Outspan (brakwater) 2,060

south of Chubiessis Mine

Outspan midway between | 1,820 66°5* 89*

Chubiessis Mine and

S.E. corner of TcAlee

Mountain Mass

Doornpoort 2,060 48°5 49

(4.50 a.m.)

Daunabis water-hole 1,000 70* 102*

Outspan about half-way | 1,520 53°5

to Orange River

South bank of Orange 550 63 69* S98

tiver near Bethany Drift

Kuboos (Richtersyeld) vid} 850 55 69 98

Numees Mine and the |(Kuboos)

top of Hell’s Kloof |

Doornpoort 2,010

Eastern upper and inner | 2,800

slopes of the TcAlee

Mountains

Midway to Chubiessis 1,720 59

| Mine (outspan of Dec. 27) |

Outspan of Dec. 26-27 | 62* 83%

Modderfontein 2,390 59

| Stinkfontein (North)

Outspan of Dee, 23-24

Outspan 4 miles north 1,880 57°5

| of Annenous

O’okiep

Ratelkraal 3,720

Steinkop

Koeberg 4,110

(summit)

. | Dobabeep 3,150 |

| Rietfontein |

Anegas 2,900 |

Summit of the Zuurberg | 3,910

The Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition to the Orange River. 27

Remarks.

Cape flora predominates above 3,800 feet.

Restio and other Cape genera on hills.

Sisyndite spurtea. Mesembryanthemum Barklyi. Euphorbia Dregeana. Ehrharta

spinosa.

E. Dregeana ; Ceraria Namaquana, Aloe dichotoma (tree and bush).

Bushy Aloe dichotoma. Cotyledon fascicularis (abundant), Euphorbia Dregeana, and Li.

mauritanica. Mesembryanthemun Barklyi. Vogelia africana.

Great development of Mesembryanthemun Barklyi.

Euphorbia Dregeana. Acacia horrida. Tamarix. LEuclea Pseudebenus. Mesembryan-

themum Barklyt.

Euphorbias and Mesembryanthema only. Huphorbia Dregeana. Undulating Karroid

plain.

Heavy mist and dew. Doornpoort is situated under N.E. corner of TcAlee Mountain

Mass.

Road from Doornpoort passes through remarkable ravine whose sides are composed of

indurated sand and fine gravel, thence gradually descending over undulating plain

to Daunabis. Flora rich in ravine. Euphorbia mauritanica. E. Dregeana at

Daunabis.

Sky overcast after 5 a.m. No fog nor dew. Road from Daunabis ascends to about

1,800 feet. Both varieties of Aloe dichotoma common.

Sisyndite spartea very common. Mesembryanthemum Barklyi. Ewphorbia Dregeana.

Aloe dichotoma, both forms. Other vegetation very similar to that which occurs

between Henkriesfontein and Raman’s Drift.

Path rises to about 2,500 feet. On the hills occur Aloe Pearsoni, Ceraria Namaquensis,

C. fruticulosa, and Euphorbia Dregeana, all very abundant. Around the water-hole

near the top of Hell’s Kloof, Adiantum Athiopicum.

Mesembryanthemum Barklyi in Doornport Ravine.

No Cape forms. Heavy rain on TcAlee on night of January 2.

Cloudy.

Sky overclouded. Barometer falling.

Rained heavily from 11 p.m. onwards.

Rain ceased at 1 p.m.

Little rain had fallen here.

Heavy rain with thunder commencing 2°55 p.m. A second thunderstorm during the

night. Rain ceased 7 a.m.

Junction of Bushmanland and Namaqualand. Montane floras distinct.

Isolated hill (about 400 feet) in S.W. Bushmanland. Vegetation mainly succulent and

of Namaqualand affinity—quite distinct from that of the plains of Bushmanland.

Aloe dichotoma and Ceraria are both absent. No Ficus seen.

Acacia girafie. Augea capensis. Ophioglossum vulgatum. Grasses.

Euphorbia Dregeana very abundant. This locality was visited on December 26-27,

1908 (Ann. S. Afr. Museum, ix., 1, p. 8).

Road passes among the eastern foothills of the Khamiesberg. Aloe dichotoma (tree)

remarkably abundant. Euphorbia mauritanica and EB. Dregeana, Ficus sp.; Acacia

horrida in river-beds.

Flora similar to that of Sneeuwkop, but no Heaths nor Leucospermum.

Annals of the South African Musewm.

Dry.

Date Stage. Altitude.| Max. Min,

1911.

Jan. 15-17 ... | Leliefontein Mission 4,730 | 69

Station (Hungon

branch of)

| a poplar

tree ;

com-

pletely

shaded)

Se lGiacescces: Summit of hill N.W. of

Mission Station.

ap mebludiseacesiers Summit of Beacon Hill

2 miies S.E. of Mis-

sion Station

», 17-18 ... | Ezelsfontein 3,910

», 18=19 ... | Outspan 3 miles N.E. of | 1,100 48°5

Garies

MLO esceee Garies 900

,, 20-21 ... | Stinkfontein (South) 750

», 21-22 ... | Nieuwerust 1,250

22-28) seo) | brakputs 500

np 25) nodose Van Khyn’s Dorp

The Perey Sladen Memorial Eapedition to the Orange River. 29

Remarks.

Many Cape genera. Elytropappus covering large areas.

Leucospermum.

Two Heaths ; Leucospermum.

Heavy rain from N.W. from 5 p.m. to 7.30 a.m.

Road passes down Roodeberg Kloof and along the valley of the Wilgehout River. Aloe

dichotoma ascends to 2,700 feet. Osteospermum, Restio, Elytropappus, Dodonexa

(Wilgehout) descend to 2,700 feet. Mesembryanthemum Barklyi ascends to about

1,000 feet. Heavy dew at night.

Rained slightly.

Sky overcast all day. No rain.

( 30 )

8. List OF THE PLANTS COLLECTED IN THE PERCY SLADEN

MemoriaL Expepitions, 1908-9, 1910-11.

PORTULACACE:.*

By H. H. W. Pearson and Edith L. Stephens.

1, ANACAMPSEROS.

1, A. NAMAQUENSIS, sp. nov., affinis A. laniger@, a qua in stirpibus

longis, foliis obovato-globosis vel cuneatis, lanugine breviore et minus

dense, et capillis stipulaceis brevioribus differt.

Fruticulus pumilus, caudice brevissimo ramoso. Stirpes glabri,

fulvi, griseo-albide pruinosi, rugosi, supra foliis confertis instructi,

ad 12 cm. longi. olia sessilia, crassa, obovato-globosa vel cuneata,

infra gibbosa, lanugine longiuseula alba vestita, 4-5 mm. longa

lataque ; capillis stipulaceis paucis complanatis flavisque axillaribus,

circa 6 mm. longibus, parum cincinnatis vel crispis, stirpis parte

inferiore paucibus persistentibus instructa. acenwus simplex, pauei-

florus; pedunculus glaber, 5-8 cm. longus; pedicelli circa 6 mm.

longi. Bractee opposite, ovate, supra membranaceze albseque,

longe acuminate, aliter foliis similes. los (tantum immaturus)

roseus: sepala navicularia, ovata, subacuta, parum imparia, 5-6

mm. longa, 3°5 mm. lata, nervis circa quindecim parallelis viri-

dibus, persistentia; petala obovato-oblonga vel elliptico-oblonga,

obtusa, hyalina, 3°5 mm. longa, 15-2 mm. lata; stamina uno et

viginti in flore investigato, ineequalia; filamenta 2-2°5 mm. longa ;

anthere oblonge, 0-8-1 mm. long; ovariwn complanatum,

ovoideum, 1 mm. longum; stylus vix 1 mm. longus, stigmata

* Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa. Report No. 8.

The working up of this group has been assisted by a grant from the Union

Government.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 31

stylo in longitudine equala. Capsula conica, loculo uno, valvis

tribus. Semina numerosa, complanata, capillis brevis ramentaceis

fimbriata.

Little Namaqualand: Richtersveld; among bushes on quartzite

hills north of Modderfontein, 6161.

A dwarf undershrub, with a very short branched caudex. Stems

glabrous, brownish, with a grey-white bloom, wrinkled, with the

upper parts thickly beset with leaves. Leaves sessile, fleshy,

obovate-globose to cuneate, gibbous beneath, clothed with white

wool, 4-5 mm. long and broad, bearing in their axils several long

flattened yellow hairs, which are slightly curled or waved and

about 6 mm. long, a few persisting on the lower part of the stem.

Raceme simple, few-flowered, with a glabrous peduncle, 5-8 cm.

long, and pedicels about 6 mm. long. SBracts opposite, ovate,

membranous and white above, and produced into a long point ;

otherwise like the leaves. Flower rosy (Pearson): sepals boat-

shaped, subacute, slightly unequal, 5-6 mm. long, 3-5 mm. broad,

with about 15 parallel green nerves; petals ovate-oblong or elliptico-

oblong, obtuse, hyaline, 3°5 mm. long, 1°5-2 mm. broad; stamens

twenty-one in the single flower investigated ; filaments 2-2°5 mm.

long; anthers oblong, 0°8-1 mm. long; ovary compressed (perhaps

the result of pressure in drying ?), ovoid, 1 mm. long; style scarcely

1 mm. long; stigmatic arms as long as style.

2. A. AFFINIS, sp. noy., affinis A. lanceolate, a qua in foliis

obovatis vel cuneatis, pedunculorum ramosorum longitudineque

differt.

Fruticulus pumilus, caudice brevissimo (circa 2°5 cm.), ramoso,

aspero fulvoque. anw breves (1-1-5 cm. longi) supra foliis dense

vestita, infra foliorum deciduorum basibus conferti. Folia sessilia,

crassa, obovata vel cuneata, infra parum convexa, acuta vel acumi-

nata, glabra, 8-12 mm. longa; capillis stipulaceis axillaribus, numer-

osis, longis (ad 3 cm.), albis, nitidis, complanatis instructa. Lacens

ramosus, 1—4 florus; pedunculus longus (ad 15 cm.), glaber; pedi-

celli circa 25cm. Bractee circa 6, sparse, infer foliacew, super

lanceolate, spathacez, in nervis principibus coriacea, in margine

membranacea, foliorum longitudine dimidium, capillis stipulaceis

axillaribus instructa. lores non visi. Capsula 1-loculata, 6-den-

tata, 12-2 cm. longa. Semina parva, fulva, alis tribus albido-canis

instructa.

32 Annals of the South African Museum.

Little Namaqualand: Sandy ground, summit of pass between

Garies and Middelkraal, 5608.

A dwarf undershrub with a short caudex (about 2°5 cm.), branched,

brown, and rugged. Branches closely beset with leaves above,

covered with leaf-bases below, short (1-1-5 cm.). Leaves sessile,

fleshy, obovate to cuneate, acute to acuminate, slightly convex

beneath, glabrous, 8-12 mm. long, bearing in their axils many long

(up to 3 cm.) white shining flattened stipular hairs. Raceme

branched, 1-4 flowered, with a long glabrous peduncle (up to

15 cm.) ; pedicels about 2°5 em. Bracts about 6, scattered, lower

ones leaf-like, upper lanceolate, sheathing, with a coriaceous midrib

and membranous margin, about half as long as the leaves, bearing

stipular hairs in their axils. Flowers not seen. Capsule 1-celled,

6-toothed, 1:2-2 cm. long. Seeds small, brown, with three whitish-

grey wings.

2. CHRARIA.

2. CERARIA, gen. noy., diccia, floribus singulis rarissime herma-

phroditis. Sepala 2, abbreviata, persistentia. Petala 5, sepalis

longiora, hypogyna, libera, tandem accrescentia. Stamina in

masculis 5, in foeminis ad staminodia linearia reducta vel raris-

sime antheris abortivis instructa. Ovarium in foeminis et masculis

3-quetrum et applanatum, l-ovulatum; stigma 2-3 fidum; stylus

O vel brevissimus; ovulum basale. Fructus immaturus com-

planatus, asymmetricus, unipterus, membranaceus, coccineus,

corolla accrescente arcte vestitus. Fructus vix maturus (in specie

una visus) baccatus, asymmetricus, apterus, corolla accrescente

basi cinctus.

Arbores parvee, frutices, vel fruticuli. Folia per anthesin perpauca

(? precipue hysterantha) geminata vel fasciculata, parva, carnosa,

plana vel tereta. Flores parvi, rosei, nodis floriferis (? aphyllis) in

fasciculis vel racemis axillaribus dispositi.

Ceraria differs from Portulacaria in being dicecious and in having

a slightly flattened ovary and a fruit which is at first 1-winged and

later (nearly ripe fruit seen only in C. fruticulosa) fleshy and wing-

less ; the fruit of Portulacaria is 3-winged and dry.

Plants Collected vm the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 33

Key to the Species.

Tall bushes or small trees, not usually less than 6 ft. high. Ultimate

twigs as thick asa goose-quill. Flowers very numerous and crowded.

Living stems not readily inflammable. Surface of stem dull grey.

Leaves 3-4-5 mm. long So 0p 00 66 00 da fom) OG on (OCOD.

Living stems readily inflammable. Surface of stem pale yellow.

Tieaves less than 2) mm-.long .. 2. -: «. «. «. «. +. gariepina.

Low bush, rarely more than 24 ft. high. Ultimate twigs less than

1 mm. in diameter. Flowers few and scattered... .. .. .. .. fruticulosa.

1. C. NAMAQuENSIS. (Descriptio emendata.) Frutex vel arbor

parva, 1-2-3 metres altus, ramis pseudo-dichotomis, ramulis ultimis

crassitudine penne anserinz similibus. tanvw crassi, fragiles, parti-

bus junioribus (in statu sicco) inequaliter rugosis, glabri, colore

tenebrose grisei, sepe pruinosi, nodis prominentibus pulvinoideis

6-12 mm. distantibus instructi, e quibus rami quasi cicatricosi videt.

Folia sessilia, geminata, carnosa, obovoidea, parum complanata,

3-4 mm. longa. JLtacenw 1-4 e quoque nodo, breves, simplices ;

pedunculi inter foliorum bases inserti, sepe complanati, 1-16 mm,

(plerumque 8-16 mm.) longi; pedicelli 1-6, 1-flori, 2-4 mm. longi,

bracteis paucis, minutissimis, ovatis, denticulatis irregulariter involu-

crati. Portulacaria namaquensis Sond., in Fl. Cap. u., 386.

Little Namaqualand: Steep slope facing west, opposite Chubiessis

outspan, 5975, 5976. Also common in the Richtersveld.

A shrub or small tree, with pseudo-dichotomous branching, the

ultimate branches as thick as a goose-quill. Branches stout, brittle,

with the younger parts irregularly wrinkled when dry, dark grey,

often with a bloom, beset at intervals of 6-12 mm. with prominent

pulvinus-like nodes, which give the branches a scarred appearance.

Leaves sessile, geminate, fleshy, obovoid, slightly flattened, 3-4 mm.

long. Racemes short and simple, 1-4 from each node ; peduncles

inserted between the bases of the leaves, often flattened, 1-16 mm,

(usually 8-16 mm.) long; pedicels 1-6, 1-flowered, 2-4 mm. long,

involucrated by a few very minute ovate denticulate bracts.

2. C. GARIEPINA, sp. nov. F'rutex, 90-150 cm. altus, ramis brevibus,

crassis, pseudo-dichotomis, ramulis ultimis crassitudine penne anse-

rinz similibus, partibus junioribus (in statu sicco) parum rugosis

Rami glabri, subflavi, pruinosi, nodis prominentibus, pulvinoideis,

6 mm. vel plerumque minus distantibus, instructi. Lolia per

34 Annals of the South African Musewn.

anthesin minuta, sessilia, geminata, crassa, obovoidea, minus quam

2mm. longa. Saceni 1-4 e quoque nodo, breves, simplices; pedun-

culi inter foliorum bases inserti, szpe complanati, 13-20 mm.

longi; pedicelli 1-6, 1-flori, 2-4 mm. longi, bracteis paucis minutis-

simis ovatis denticulatis irregulariter involucrati (Gardener’s

Chronicle, 191 fig. YL).

Bushmanland: Kopjes between Kweekfontein and Ougrabies,

3789 ; Aggenys, lower and middle slopes facing north, 2946; also

at Dabainoris.

Shrub, 90-150 em. high, with short thick pseudo-dichotomous

branches, the ultimate branches of the thickness of a goose-quill.

Branches glabrous, pale yellow, with a greyish bloom, beset at

intervals of 6 mm., or usually less, with raised cushion-like nodes.

Leaves minute, sessile, geminate, thick, obovoid, less than 2 mm.

long. Racemes 1-4, short and simple, arising from each node ;

peduncles inserted between the bases of the leaves, often flattened,

13-20 mm. long; pedicels 1-6, 1-flowered, 2-4 mm. long, involucrated

by a few very minute ovate denticulate bracts.

3. C. FRUTICULOSA, sp. n. Frutex 30-60 cm. altus rarissime

altior, multi-ramosus, ramis virgatis pseudo-dichotomis vel mono-

podialibus. Lanw graciles, ramulis ultimis gracillimis minus quam

1 mm. latis, glabri, rugosi, rubro-fulvi, partibus junioribus spe

pruinosis, nodibus prominentibus pulvinoideis parvis 4-18 mm. dis-

tantibus, in quattuor lineis dispositis, plerumque oppositibus. Lolia

sessilia, geminata, carnosa, complanata, obovata vel oblongo-obovata,

minutissime apiculata, 4-6 mm. longa. flores 1-6 e quoque nodo,

pedicellis 1-floris 2-4 mm. longis suffulti.

Bushmanland: Very abundant on mountains east of Aus, 3,000 ft.,

4715. Hill-slopes at Ougrabies, 3,000 ft., 2927. Little Namaqua-

land: Pass between Stinkfontein and Modderfontein, 5997. Richters-

veld; stony plain between Daunabis and Bethany Drift, 6030. On

rocks above Brakwater pool, near top of Hell’s Kloof, 6075, 6076.

TeAlee Mountains, middle and upper slopes, 6142.

A much-branched virgate shrub, 30-140 em. high, with pseudo-

dichotomous or monopodial branching. Branches slender, the

ultimate branches being less than 1 mm. in diameter, glabrous,

wrinkled, reddish-brown, younger parts often with a whitish bloom,

Plants Collected am the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 35

with small raised cushion-like nodes at intervals of 4-18 mm., and

arranged in four ranks, generally opposite. Leaves sessile, gemi-

nate, fleshy, flattened, obovate or oblong-obovate, minutely apicu-

late, 4-6 mm. long. Flowers 1-6 arising together on each node, on

1-flowered pedicels 2-4 mm. long. Nearly ripe fruit (seen in this

species only) fleshy, deep crimson, and hemispherical in shape,

nearly 1 cm. long and about 6 mm. broad, with the outgrown corolla

still adherent round its base.

CAPPARIDACEA:.*

By Edith L. Stephens.

The classification of the genera here followed is that of Pax, in

Engler and Prantl, Nat. Pflan., ii., 2 Abt., pp. 220-236.

1. CLEOME.

1. Cleome manima, sp. nov. [Cleome, sect. Herbacez, Hichl. |

Herba, circa 7 cm. alta, ramosa, pubescentia glandula in floccis

parvis vel capillis longioribus singulis indusiata, e qua quasi canes-

cens videt. Folia simplicia vel 3-foliolata, 3-5 cm. longa ; foliola et

folia simplicia linearia, supra canaliculata, in canale capillas ferentia,

apice acuta crassata flavaque; petiola foliolis dimidio brevior.

Racemus simplex, terminalis; pedicella (in flore uno maturo visa)

6mm. longa. Sepala 4, oblonga, apice subacuta vel obtusa minute

ciliataque, margine membranacea albaque, 2 mm. longa, 1 mm. lata.

Petala 4, sessilia, oblongo-obovata, apice obtusa parum incurvataque,

venosa, czerulea [Pearson], 4 mm. longa, 3 mm. lata. Staminia 6, e

toro breve subgloboso; filamenta 2 mm. longa; anther dorsifixee,

extrorse, 14 mm. longe. Ovarium sessile, arcuatum, 14 mm.

longum ; stylus complanatus, + mm. longus; stigma late capitata.

Fructus ignotus.

Great Namaqualand : Sandy plain, Schakalskuppe, 4,500 ft., 4791.

A herb, about 7 cm. high, branching, covered with glandular

pubescence in little tufts or longer single hairs, giving it a hoary

appearance. Leaves simple or 3-foliolate; petiole 1-2 cm. long,

* Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions into South-West Africa, 1908-1911.

Report No. 9. The working up of this group has been assisted by a grant from

the Union Government.

36 Annals of the South African Museum.

channelled on the upper side ; leaflets linear, slightly grooved above,

with a line of hairs in the groove, thickened, acute, and yellow at

the apex. Raceme simple, terminal ; pedicel 6 mm. long in the only

mature flower seen. Sepals 4,-oblong, subacute or obtuse and

minutely ciliate at the apex, with a membranous whitish margin,

2 mm. long, 1 mm. broad. Petals 4, oblong-obovate, obtuse and

slightly incurved at the apex, veined, blue, 4 mm. long, 3 mm.

broad. Stamens 6, all fertile, on a short subglobose torus ; filaments

2 mm. long; anthers dorsifixed, extrorse, 14 mm. long. Ovary

sessile, arcuate, 14 mm. long; style 4 mm. long, flattened, stigma

widely capitate. Fruit unknown.

2. GYNANDROPSIS.

G. pentaphylla, DC., Prod., i., 238.

Great Namaqualand: Stream-bed near pass leading down to

Griindoorn, 4355; Sandverhaar, 4279.

3. POLANISIA.

i, Plutea, Sond. in Ei Cap; 14,07.

Bushmanland: Broad sandy valley leading down to Raman’s

Drift, 4699, 4702. Little Namaqualand: Common in dry river-beds

on south side of pans between Daunabis and Bethany Drift, 6028.

Great Namaqualand: Stony ground near Holoog, 4103; top of sand-

stone ridge 12 km. west of Sandverhaar, 3,500 ft., 4594, 4595; new

shallow stream-bed on stony plain 12 km. west of Sandverhaar,

4619, 4627.

2. P. dianthera, DC., Prod., i., 242.

Great Namaqualand: Griindoorn, 3134; common in sandy places

91-30 km. north of Raman’s Drift, 4014; sandstone hills 12 km.

west of Sandverhaar, 3,300 ft., 4592.

Corolla yellow, purple marked at base.

3. P. lineartfolia, sp. nov.

Atf. Polanista semitetrandra, Th. Dur. et Schinz (Dianthera

semitetrandra, Klotzsch), sed foliis quinquefoliolatis, floribus parum

majoribus, et numero ampliore staminodium differt.

Herba, ad 20 cm. alta, ramis pseudo-dichotomis, striatis, viridibus.

Folia quinquefoliolata; petiola complanata, viridis, foliolo similis,

10-20 mm. longa; foliola angusto-linearia, acuta vel obtusa,

Piants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 37

10-25 mm. longa, minus quam 4 mm. lata. Racemi terminales vel

axillares; pedunculi ramis foliosis similes; bractewe simplices,

foliolis similes, in petiola breve basim coarta; pedicelli ad 12 mm.

longi, in fructu paulum longiores erubescentesque. Sepala 4, lan-

ceolata vel elliptica, acuta, nervis viridibus, 2-3 mm. longa, # mm.

lata. Petala 4, cuneata vel elliptico-obovata, apice emarginata vel

rotundata, dentata vel plana, flava, erubescentia, 4-6 mm. longa,

1-14 mm. lata. Staminia 6, e quibus 3-5 sunt staminodia; fila-

menta staminodiaque erubescentia et petalis demum superantia:

anthere 2 mm. longe, basifixee, versatiles. Ovarium complanatum,

circa 5 mm. longum; stylus brevissimus; stigma late capitata, bilo-

bata. Fructus striatus, ad 3 cm. longus, 2-3 mm. latus; stipes ad,

16 mm. longus.

Great Namaqualand: Common on sandy plain, Schakalskuppe,

4,500 ft., 4777.

Herb, up to 20 em. tall, with pseudo-dichotomous branching and

green striate stem and branches. Leaves 5-foliolate ; petioles green

and flattened, having the appearance of a leaflet, 10-20 mm. long;

leaflets narrow-linear, acute or obtuse, 10-25 mm. long, less than

4 mm. broad, Racemes several, terminal or axillary; peduncles

resembling leafy branches; bracts simple, resembling leaflets,

narrow-linear, narrowed at the base into a short petiole, 20 mm.

long, less than $ mm. broad; pedicels to 12 mm. long, lengthening

slightly and becoming reddish in the fruit. Sepals 4, lanceolate or

elliptical, acute, green-veined, 2-3 mm. long, ? mm. broad. Petals 4,

cuneate or elliptico-ovate, toothed or entire, rounded or emarginate

at the apex, yellow fading to pink, 3-6 mm. long, 1-14 mm. broad.

Stamens 6, of which 3—5 are staminodes; anthers basifixed, versa-

tile, 2 mm. long; filaments and staminodes cylindrical, at first as

long as petals, later elongating and becoming reddish. Ovary

flattened, about 5 mm. long; style very short; stigma widely

capitate, bilobed. Fruit striate, up to 3 cm. long, 2-3 mm, broad ;

stipes 16 mm. long.

4, P. Beattiana, sp. nov.

Proxima P. Paxiit, Schinz (Cleome platycarpa, Schinz); capsula

multo angustiore et sepalorum longitudine petalis proportionale

differt.

Herba, 8-20 em. alta, eramosa; stirpes folia calyces fructusque

capillis rigidis glandulis indusiati. Stirpes teretus, canaliculatus.

38 Annals of the South African Museum.

Folia alternantia, trifoliolata, inferrima et suprema sepe bifoliolata

vel simplicia; petiola in inferrimis ad 15 em. longa, canaliculata,

gracilisque, in intermediis seriatim brevior, in supremis sw#pe non

instructa; foliola elliptico-oblonga, obtusa, 12-18 mm. longa,

1-3 mm. lata; lamina in foliis simplicibus latior plerumque

brevior. Racema terminalis; flores in axillis foliorum superiorum ;

pedicelli in flore maturo ad 18 mm. longi, in fructu parum longiores.

Sepala 4, lanceolate, acuta vel obtusa, nervata, viridia, 3 mm. longa.

Petala obovata, basim coarta, flava, erubescentia, 4-5 mm. longa.

Staminia 8, omnia fertilia, e toro breve subgloboso, primo petalis

equales, demum inequaliter producta ; anther basifixe, versatiles ;

filamenta teretia. Ovarium sessile, 4-7 mm. longum; stylus

complanatus, + mm. longus; stigma late capitate, obscure bilobata.

Fructus ad 30 mm. longus et 2 mm. latus.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy plains west of Ganus, 4483; dry

stream-bed between Griindoorn and Sabiesis, 3,000-—4,000 ft., 4581.

A herb, 8-20 em. high, unbranched, with stem, leaves, calyces,

and pods covered with stiff glandular hairs; stem terete and

furrowed. Leaves alternate, trifoliolate, the lowest and uppermost

often bifoliolate or simple; petiole slender, channelled, up to 15 cm.

long in the lowest leaves, gradually becoming shorter in the inter-

mediate leaves, often not developed in the uppermost; leaflets

elliptico-oblong, obtuse, 12-18 mm. long, 1-3 mm. broad ; lamina in

the simple leaves wider and usually shorter. Raceme terminal ;

flowers in the axils of the upper leaves; pedicels up to 18 mm.

long, lengthening slightly in the fruit. Sepals 4, lanceolate, acute

or obtuse, veined, green, 3 mm. long. Petals obovate, narrowed at

the base, yellow turning to pink, 4-5 mm. long. Stamens 8, all

fertile, inserted on a short subglobose torus, at first as long as the

petals, later elongating unequally; anthers basifixed, versatile ;

filaments terete. Ovary sessile, unilocular, with two parietal

placente bearing numerous ovules, 4-7 mm. long; style flattened,

t mm. long; stigma widely capitate, obscurely 2-lobed. Fruit a

siliqua up to 30 mm. long and 2 mm. broad.

4, CAPPARIS.

C. sp. (C. punctata, Burch. Tray., i., 492, or a very closely

allied species).

Little Namaqualand: Common among granite rocks in southern

Plants Collected wm the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 39

slopes of TcAlee Mountains, 6163; river-bed south of steep pass in

road to Stinkfontein, 5971.

The material of this species is insufficient for complete deter-

mination.

5. BOSCIA.

B. fetida, Schinz in Abhandl. bot. Ver. Prov. Brand., xxix., 49.

Bushmanland: Sand-dunes at Aggenys, 2950; common from

Zuurwater to Aggenys, 3562; sandy valley from Raman’s Drift

towards Henkriesfontein, 3113.

6. CADABA.

C. juncea, Harv., Gen. S, Afr. Pl., ed. ii., 13.

Upper Region: Pendent from precipitous rocky face of Holle

Rivier bank, 2,700 ft., 3980; rocky sides of ravine at Kopje’s Kraal,

2,300 ft., 4896. Little Namaqualand: Common among rocks on

pass between Grauwater and Klipplaat, 3283; at foot of rocky

kopje 44 miles south of Nieuwe Rust, 6412. Great Namaqualand :

Common in river-bed north of Ganus, 2,300 ft., 4512.

1. MAZURA.

1. M. arenicola, Gilg.

Great Namaqualand: Flat mountain-top about 1,000 ft. above the

water-hole of Sabiesis, 4352.

2. M. stenophylla, Sprague (= Boscia angustifolia, Harv., Fl. Cap.,

i Add., £9):

Bushmanland: on south bank of Orange River near Abbasis,

3000. Great Namaqualand: Sandy river-bed, 12 km. north of

Raman’s Drift, 4056.

POLYGALACE/:.*

By Edith L. Stephens.

i, POLYGALA.

1. P. oppositifolia, Linn., var. rhombifolia, Harv., Fl. Cap., i., 82.

* Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions into South-West Africa, 1908-1911.

Report No. 10. The working up of this group has been assisted by a grant from

the Union Government.

40 Annals of the South African Museum.

Cape Region: Hillside at Leeuwfontein, 3211, 3216.

2. P. virgata, Thunb., Fl. Cap., ed. Schult., p. 555, var. genistordes,

Harv., Fl. Cap., i., 85.

Upper Region: At base of kopje, Alewyn’s Fontein, 3320. Bush-

manland: In river-bed a few miles east of Nieuwefontein, 2,700 ft.,

3491; Groot Rozynbosch, in river-bed, 2,500 ft., 3623. Little

Namaqualand: Dry stream-bed on lower south-east slopes of

Vogelklip, 5905 ; among rocks on Khamiesberg plateau, 3,400 ft.,

6246. Great Namaqualand: Akam River, 4723.

3491 was pollinated by a grey-backed bee.

3. P. leptophylla, Burch. in DC. Prod., i., 323.

Great Namaqualand: Stony slopes on kopje near Griindoorn,

3142; river-bed at Buchholzbrunn, 3,250 ft., 3640; 25 km. south of

Warmbad, 4030; sandy valley north of Sabiesis, 4104; rocky hills

near Holoog, 4139; sandy stream-beds near Dabaigabis, 4388 ;

shallow river-bed on stony plain 12 km. west of Sandverhaar,

3,200 ft., also on kopjes, 4617. |

4, P. leptophylla, Burch., var. (?).

Great Namaqualand: Sandstone hills at Seeheim, 2,500 ft., 3727.

Fully developed flowers are required for complete determination.

2.2 ON DITA

1. M. spinosa, Kunth, in DC. Prod., i., 338; var. angustifolia,

Hary.,.in Bi Cap:, 1, 9o:

Cape Division: Roadside between Hottentot’s Kloof and Karroo-

poort, 4813.

2. M. rigida, E. Mey., in Herb. Drége, and Harv., in FI.

Caps 1.5 22"

Little Namaqualand: Summit of kopje south of Leliefontein,

5,000 ft., 6306; upper southern slopes of Sneeuwkop, 5,000 ft.,

5793; ravine in upper slopes on south-west slopes of Vogelklip,

3,500 ft., 5923.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 41

ANACARDIACE:.*

By S. Schénland.

1. HEERIA.

HeeriA, Meisn. Gen., 75 (1837); Engler, Natiirl. Pflanzenfam.,

iil., 5, p. 166.

Anaphrenium, EK. Mey., ms., in Endl. Gen. Pl. Suppl., i., 1425

(1841); Engler, Anacardiacee in DC. Mon. Phan., iv., p. 355.

fihus, sp., Sonder, in Harvey and Sonder, Flora Capensis, i., p. 521.

1. H. dispar (Presl), Engl. hus dispar, Presl., in Bot. Bem.,

p. 72; Sonder, in Fl. Cap., i, p. 521. Anaphreniwm dispar,

EK. Mey.; Engler, J. c., p. 359.

“Little Namaqualand. Tree, 4-11 ft. Common from first plateau

to summit of mountain 3 miles north-east of Stinkfontein (south),

5630 ; in fruit, 6.12.10.”

“ Little Namaqualand. Tree, 8-10 ft. Plaatklip, 1,600 ft., 3852 ;

in fruit, 6.12.08”: ‘‘ Richtersveld. Tree, 12 ft. Barren slopes of

dry stream-banks just south of Daunabis, 5999; in fruit, 28.10.1910.”

* .«Bushmanland. Bush, 5 ft. high. Granite knoll south of Kweek-

fontein water-hole, 3,200 ft., 3802; 3.1.09.”

“Great Namaqualand. Shrub, 5-8 ft. Kopje 20 km. north of

Raman’s Drift, 2,500 ft., 4531; 26.1.09.”

The following probably also belongs to H. dispar. It has only

young leaves and neither flowers nor fruits :—

“ Great Namaqualand. Tree, 10-15 ft. Barren slopes in Orange

= River Valley north of Raman’s Drift, 4057 ; 25.1.09.”

9. H. argentea (Thunb.), Engl. Siderorylon argentewm, Thunb.,

Prodr., p. 36. Rhus Thunbergvi, Hook., Icon. Pl., i., p. 595; Sonder,

l.c., p.521. Rhus arqyrophylla, Presl., Bot. Bem., p. 42. Anaphre-

nium argenteum, H. Mey., in Drége Pl. Cap.; Engler, /. c., p. 360.

« Cape Region. Tree, 10-12 ft. On upper edge overhanging

,cjNardouw Kloof, western aspect, 5432; 29.11.10.”

"aye « Tree, 9 ft. Summit of south-west slopes above Pickenier’s Pass,

5125; in fruit, 24.11.10.”

"3. H. crassinervia, Engl. Anaphrenium crassinervium, Engler, in

_Engl. Bot. Jahrb., x., p. 37.

a oe Perey Sladen, Memorial Expeditions into South-West Africa, 1908-1911.

Report No. 11. —

42 Annals of the South African Museum.

“Great Namaqualand. Tree, 12-15 ft. Dry granite slopes south

of Gorup railway station, 3,000 ft., 4171; 21.2.09.” ‘ Between

Dabaigabis and Griindoorn, 4,250 ft., 3150; in flower, 3.2.09.”

“Tree, 12 ft. (to bush, 4 ft.). Common on barren mountains

south of Tschauchab railway station, 2,000 ft., 4458; in fruit,

22.24.09.” “ Tree, 12-15 ft. Flowers white. Kopje 15 miles south-

east of Griindoorn, 4564 ; in flower, 3209.”

I have seen well-authenticated material of this species, and as

neither flower nor fruit is described by Engler, I append descrip-

tions of both (gf Pearson 4564, ? Marloth 5019, fruit Pearson

4458). I would call attention to the fact that this species has only

2 styles, while the genus has been diagnosed by Engler, /. c., p. 355,

as having 3 styles.

Calycis lacinize ovatae obtusae dorso tomentose circ. 2mm. longs,

petala oblongo-obovata circ. 4 mm. longa, stamina cire. 2°56 mm.

longa, filamentis subulatis cire. 1:5 mm. longis antheris ovatis,

staminodiis in floribus feminis quam stamina paullum minoribus et

lis similibus sed sterilibus. Discus parum elevatus 5-crenatus.

Ovarium subglobosum, styli 2 inferne connati apice divergentes in

stigmata crassa subglobosa exeuntes. Fructus drupaceus, subreni-

formis 9 mm. latus, 5 mm. longus, leviter compressus paullum

obliquus, pericarpio leviter et irregulariter verrucoso.

aera riaicets) oral Aye

Ramulis novellis pubescentibus deinde glabris; foliis alternis

obovato-oblongis vel subovatis in petiolum brevem cuneatim angus-

tatis, subcoriaceis nervis atque venis reticulatis utrinque haud

prominulis supra glabris subtus glaucis minutissime pubescentibus.

Folia majora cire. 7 em. longa circ. 3 cm. lata nervis Jateralibus

inter se circ. 2 mm. distantibus, petiolo 3-5 mm. longo.

In the absence of flowers and fruits I do not venture to put a

name to this specimen, which seems to belong to an undescribed

species. ‘The comparatively thin leaves on which the veins are not

raised, distinguish it from H. dispar, with which at first sight it

might be confounded. It seems to come very close to H. concolor

(Presl), with which I am not acquainted. The latter is, however,

said to be quite glabrous.

“Great Namaqualand. Dry river-bed south of Warmbad, 2,400 ft.,

4020; 26.1.09.”

2. RHUS.

Ruvus, L., Gen. n. 369; Sonder, in Fl. Cap., i., p. 504, pr. p.;

Engler, J. c., p. 871; Diels, in Engl. Bot. Jahrb., xxiv., p. 568;

Schonland, in Ree. Alb. Mus., ii., p. 231.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 43

1. Eh. angustifolia, L., spec. 882; Sonder, l. ¢., p. 507; Engler,

ie, ped0o; Diels, 1. ¢., p.oT1.

Cape Region. ‘‘ Bush, 4-8 ft. Overhanging stream east side of

Pickenier’s Pass, 5225; young fruit, 24.11.10.” ‘‘ River - bed,

Nardouw Kloof. Bush, 6 ft. 5341; young fruit, 29.11.10.”

2. Eh., sp. (Rh. obovate, Sond., aff.). None of the specimens

here grouped together have either flowers or fruits.

‘*Bushmanland. Shrub, 8-10 ft. Chief constituent of thickets

at foot of Gesellschaft Bank, 2,700 it., 4695 ; 21.1.09.”

“Little Namaqualand. Mountain pass south of Klipplaat,

MVOOr itt.) soo4: 16.1208. %> Richtersveld ; “Bush, 4=6 ft; Con-

stituent of dense bush at foot of granite glacis in lower west slopes

of TcAlee Mountains. Common, 6164; 2.11.10.”

‘“Great Namaqualand. Sand-dunes at hilltops north of Rotkuppe

railway station, 2,000 ft., 4465; 23.2.09.” “ Bush, 3 ft. Common on

lower slopes south of Tschauchab railway station, 2,000 ft., 4263 ;

22.2.09.”" “ Bush, 6 ft. Stony plains 20-30 km. north of Raman’s

Drift, 4017 ; 16.1.09.”’

3. Eh. dissecta, Thunb., Fl. Cap., p. 267. Sonder, J. c., p. 509;

Engler, 1. c., p. 408; Diels, f. ¢., p. 5

‘“Cape Region. Shrub, 7 ft. Below cliffs, eastern aspect, Olifants

River, Kradouw Krantz, 5300; in fruit.’

4. Fh. tomentosa, L., Sp. pl. 382. Sonder, J. c., p. 508; Engler,

l. ¢., p. 407; Diels, J. c., p. 572.

‘“Cape Region. Common on hillsides at Leeuwfontein, 2,400 ft.,

3221; young fruit, 28.11.08.”

5. Eh., sp. (Rh. wndulate, aff.). All of the following specimens

most likely belong to Rh. wndulata, Jacq., in hort. Schoenbr., t. 346.

None of them (except the last) has flowers or fruits.

‘“Cape Region. Spreading bush, 15 ft. high. Between Ceres and

Leeuwfontein, 3246 ; 28.11.08.”

“Karroo. Shrub, 4-6 ft., or dwarf tree. Between Karroopoort

and Zoutpansdrift, 5015 ; 30.11.08.”

44 Annals of the South African Museum.

“Upper Region. Spreading bush or small tree, 2-12 ft. Common

in Blaauwkrantz Pass, 2,500 ft., 4960; 6.12.08.’’ ‘ Lower slopes of

Hantamberg between Calvinia and Holle Rivier. Low, spreading

bush. 3964; 10.12.08.”

“Little Namaqualand. Bush with varnished leaves. At all

elevations in Rattel Poort Mountain, 2978; 30.12.08.’ ‘* Broken

country 15 miles north of Alewyn’s Fontein, 3,200 ft. Bush, 4-6 ft.

3927 ; in fruit, 23.12.08.”

‘‘Great Namaqualand. Bush, 4-5 ft., leaves varnished. At base

of mountain north of Schakalskuppe railway station, 4,900 ft., 4220 ;

18.12.09.”

6. Rh. puberula, EK. and Z., Enum., p. 145; Sonder, J. c¢., 1,

p oll; Huglert..c., p. 427;;' Diels,.t. ¢., p. oS.

Differt a typo foliis subglabris foliolis margine ciliatis, foliorum

petiolus 3-6 mm. longus, foliola lateralia lanceolata vel oblonga

acuta vel obtusa 1:5-2°2 cm. longa 4-6 mm. lata, intermedium

lanceolatum 1:5-2'7 cm. longum 4—7 mm. latum.

“Orange River Region. Tree, 20-30 ft. Close to water’s edge at

Raman’s Drift, 3112; in fruit, 13.1.09.”

The following, a spiny shrub without flowers and fruit, will most

likely also have to be referred to Rh. puberula, EK. & Z. The leaves

are practically glabrous, except that here and there the margins of

the leaflets are slightly ciliate. Engler, J. c., p. 427, states that this

species is sometimes spiny.

‘‘Damaraland. Namib at Welwitsch. Shallow, dry stream-

courses. Bush, 2-24 ft. Branches weak and spreading. 4154;

2.3.09.”

7. Rh. mucronata, Thunb., in Thunberg FI. Cap., p. 264; Sonder,

l.¢., p. 513; Engler, t. c., p. 432; Diels, t.¢., p. 583.

Cape Region. Bush, 5 ft. Hast slopes above Pickenier’s Pass,

5208; in flower, 24.11.10.”

8. Rh. Burchelli, Sond., ms.; Engler, J. c., p. 412; Diels, J. c.,

p. 574.

“ Little Namaqualand. Bush, 3-4 ft. Broken country 15 miles

north of Alewyn’s Fontein, 3,200 ft., 3928; 23.12.08.” There is a

second label (probably by mistake) attached to this specimen. ‘ Hills

around Kamabies water-hole, 3,300 ft., 3946; 27.12.08.” “Slopes of

kopje south of Kamabies, 3,200 ft., 3958; 24.12.08.” Bush, 4 ft.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memoriat Expeditions. 465

In rocky places, Koets, 5728; 9.12.10.”’ “ Bush, 3-7 ft. Common

on upper slopes of Zuurberg (Anegas). Also common on Khamies-

berg plateau, 6257 (a); 14.1.11.”

“Great Namaqualand. Aromatic bush, 8-10 ft. Among rocks

between Dabaigabis and Griindoorn, 4,200 ft., 3174 ; 3.2.09.”

‘‘ Bushmanland. Kweekfontein, granite kopje, 3,300 ft., 3800;

3.1.09.” “Granite knoll at Kweekfontein, 3,300 ft., 3801 ; 3.1.09.”

The following are close to Rh. Burchelli, Sond. :—

‘“Cape Region. Bush, 10 ft. Among rocks on hills at Leeuw-

fontein, 2,600 ft., 3228 ; 28.11.08.”

“Tittle Namaqualand. Closely clinging to gneissic boulders at

Alewyn’s Fontein, 2,900 ft., 3341; 22.11.08.”

9. Fh. rigida, Mill., dict. n. 14; Sonder, J. c., p. 520; Engler, /.c.,

p. 416; Diels, /. c., p. 576.

“Cape Region. Bush, 4 ft. Summit slopes above Pickenier’s

Pass, 5132; 24.11.10.”

10. Bh. celastroides, Sond., J. c., p. 519; Engler, J. c., p. 417;

Diels, t. ¢., p. 576.

3418 (further information lost).

“Little Namaqualand. On hills at Rietfontein, 2,500 ft. Bush,

10 it. 3761; 26.12.08.”

11. Bh. viminalis, Vahl, Symb., ii., p. 50; Sonder, /. c., p. 516;

Engler, l. c., p. 442; Diels, l. c., p. 588; Schonland, l. ¢., p. 247.

“ Bushmanland. Tree, 5-20 ft. Near dry stream-beds between

Aggenys and Pella, 2,000 ft., 2582 ; in fruit, 7.1.09.”

Little Namaqualand ; Richtersveld: ‘“ Tree, 25 ft. Near Doorn-

poort water-hole, 6136; in flower, 2.1.11.” ‘Tree, 25 ft. Con-

stituent of bush lining banks of Orange River at Sendling’s Drift,

6098 ; in flower, 30.12.10.”’

To this probably also belongs the following :—

‘Orange River Region. Close to water’s edge near Abbasis,

ot02 5 12.109."

12. Bh. lancea, L. f., Suppl., p. 184 ; Sonder, J. c., p. 514; Engler,

l. c., p. 444; Diels, J. c., p. 589; Schonland, J. c., p. 248. ‘Cape

Region. Tree, 15-20 ft. Roadside between Hottentotspoort and

Karroo Poort, 4807 ; 29.11.08.”’

‘‘ Karroo Region. Tree, 20 ft. River-bed at Schuurkraal, 1,100 ft.,

5000; 5.12.08.”

46 Annals of the South African Musewn.

“ Little Namaqualand. Bush, 3-5 ft. Mountain slopes south of

Tweefontein, 3,100 ft., 3782; 25.12.08.”

‘‘Great Namaqualand. Tree, 20-25 ft. Akam river-bed near

standing water, 4726; 17.2.09.” ‘Tree, 20 ft. Dry stream-bed

between Dabaigabis and Griin-doorn, 3,900 ft., 3121; 3.2.09.”

The following specimens, collected by Professor Pearson, cannot

be determined with any degree of certainty. They are all without

flowers and fruits, and otherwise incomplete.

Nos. 3006 (atf, 2h. puberul@ ?), 5994, 5030 (a tree with very spiny

branches and very small petiolated trifoliate leaves. JI am afraid the

label of this specimen was exchanged for one of the labels of

Eh. viminalis or lancea).

The following may belong to Anacardiacee, but are also too

incomplete for determination: Nos. 4149, 4190, 3567, 4143, 6101.

CRASSULACE.*

By S. Schonland.

1. CRASSULA.

1. C. Sladem, Schonl., n. sp.

Fruticulus crassus e basi ramosus. Rami dense foliati. Folia

connato-perfolata oblique ovata obtusa grisea subplana succulentia

extus leviter convexa intus leviter coneava majora 5 cm. longa 3 em.

lata. Inflorescentia terminalis breviter pedunculata, pedunculo

circ. 1 cm. longo 2 bracteis vacuis munito, laxe eymoso-corymbosa

floribus pedicellatis pedicellis 2-4 mm. longis. Sepala basi connata

2 mm. longa lobis ovatis acutis extus convexis subcarinatis cire.

1:5 mm. longis. Petala lingulata obtusa sine mucrone subterminali

erecto-patentia basi connata alba apicem versus medio atropurpureo-

lineata apice irregulariter maculata, 4 mm. longa. Stamina tubo

brevi corolle adnata quam petala subequilonga filamentis subulatis

antheris parvis albis subovatis. Carpidia quam filamenta subeequi-

longa stylis subulatis quam ovaria subequilonga. Squamz minute

castanew subrectangulares latioree quam longe.

Little Namaqualand. ‘“ Richtersveld; Low quartz hills near

Numees mine, 6126. Common between Kaboos and Sendling’s

Drift 29.1:2:10.7

* Perey Sladen Memorial Expeditions into South-West Africa, 1908-1911.

Report No. 12.

lants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 47

This species resembles and is allied to Crassula lactea, Ait., from

which, however, it differs in the shape of the inflorescence, and

especially in floral structure.

2. C. Pearsoni, Schoénl. nom. nov. (=Cr. brevifolia, Harv., in

Flora Capensis, ii., p. 339).

Little Namaqualand. “ Richtersveld; Dense bushes, 9-12 in. On

quartzite above Brakwater pools at the head of Hell’s Kloof, 6089 ;

Sie OS

To this species may also belong a scrap collected at ‘ Alewyn’s

Fontein, 2,900 ft., in sand, 3496; 22.12.08.”

Harvey’s name has to be dropped if, as I think, the genus

Bulliarda should be included in Crassula. Bulliarda brevifolia,

HE. et Z., should then be called Crassula brevifolia (EK. et Z.), Schoénl.

I have before me Zeyher 661, on which Harvey’s species was

founded. His description is hardly adequate. The following notes,

taken from live specimens collected at Springbokfontein, Namaqua-

land, and Pearson 6089, will supplement and in parts correct it.

A small subdichotomously richly branched shrub about 30 cm. high.

Leaves connato-perfoliate, obliquely obovate, subsemiterete, flat in-

side, subearinate on outer surface, circ. 1 em. long. Inflorescence laxly

few-flowered cymoso-corymbosa subpedunculate, the foliage usually

passing gradually into bracts. Flowers with a pronounced, not at

all pleasant honey-smell, pedicellate, pedicels circ. 3 mm. long.

Sepals green with red tip, connate, rather thin, circ. 1-5 mm. long,

lobes cire. 1 mm. long, subobovate obtuse, convex on the outside.

Petals creamy-white or yellowish, oblong, carinate, obtuse, erecto-

patent or even strongly recurved at the tip, with or without a small

mucro behind the apex, connate at the base, 3°25 mm. long. Stamens

attached to the short corolla-tube, about three-fourths the length of

the petals. Filaments white, subulate, anthers ovate, pollen yellow.

Carpels greenish, about the length of the stamens, ovaries gradually

passing into the short, slightly recurved styles, minutely scabrous

all over and minutely ciliate along inner margin. Squamze mem-

branous, broadly obcuneate, slightly rounded off at the apex.

3. C. MacOwaniana, Schonl. et Bak. fil., in Journ. of Bot., 1898,

p- 361.

‘Little Namaqualand. Shrub, 1 ft. Crevices in Plaatklip, 3051.”

«Bush, 1 ft. Krantz in pass leading from Springbok to O’okiep,

5966; 16.12.08.”

48 Annals of the South African Museum.

4. C. MacOwamana, Schénl. et Bak. fil., var. crassifolia, Schonl.,

n. var.

“Little Namaqualand. Bush, 2-3 ft. Granite hill behind Nieuwe

Rust, 5503.”’

In the structure of the flowers there is practically no difference

between this and the type. The leaves are, however, much thicker

and shorter, being only circ. 2 em. long, whereas in the type they

reach a length of 6 em. They are here circ. 5 mm. thick, whereas

in the type they hardly reach this thickness. They are almost

fusiform.

5. C. rudis, Schénl. et Bak. fil, in Journ. of Bot., Aug.,

1902,

“Little Namaqualand. Among bushes near roadside between

Stinkfontein and Garies, 5645.”

This number comes from the same neighbourhood as the type , of

Cr. rudis. As far as can be judged from the rather meagre material,

it agrees with it in floral structure, in the filiform peduncle, and the

few-flowered lax inflorescence. The shape of the leaves is als

similar, but their length is circ. 2 em. as compared with cire. 1 cm:

in the type; further, the stem is much longer here, namely, cire.

30 cm.

6. C. connivens, Schonl., in Rec. of the Albany Museum, ii,

p. 141.

“ Bush, 1-14 ft. high. Leaves white. Amongst rocks in Middle

Khamiesberg, cire. 4,000 ft., 6342; 15.1.11.”

The sepals are a trifle longer than in the type and are propor-

tionately narrower; the petals are a trifle shorter than in the type.

The white colour of the leaves is due to the fact that the cuticle

becomes detached and air gathers underneath it.

7. C. albiflora, Bot. Mag., t. 2391, var. minor, Schonl., n. var.

“Cape Region. Flowers white. Bush up to 2 ft. Stems erect.

Upper north-east slopes above Pickenier’s Pass, 5130; 24.11.10.”

“ Little Namaqualand. Lower middle slopes of Sneeuwkop, 5840.”

These are close to a plant labelled Cr. albiflora minor in Har-

vey’'s Herbarium. They differ from the type in having more laxly

leafy stems, somewhat smaller and narrower leaves, more laxly

branched inflorescence, and slightly smaller flowers. Further, the

bristles on the upper internodes of the stem are not so large as in

the type. Schlechter 9849, collected at Genadendal, agrees on the

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 49

whole with these specimens, but as the differences from the type

are only matters of degree, it is perhaps best to refer them all to

Cr. albiflora.

8. C. squamulosa (Willd. (?), Suppl. 15), Harvey, in Flora

Capensis, li., p. 340.

“Cape Region. Pickenier’s Pass, eastern slopes. Corolla white,

5144; 25.1.10.” ;

There seems to be no doubt that this is Willdenow’s species, as it

agrees with the description. It is certainly also Harvey’s plant.

There seems to be no original of Willdenow’s species in existence.

A plant cultivated in 1837 in the Berlin Botanical Gardens, and

preserved in the Herbarium of the Berlin Botanical Museum, named

Crassula squamulosa, is Cr. scabra, L.; but no reliance can be placed

on the naming of this specimen, as it was preserved a quarter of a

century after Willdenow’s death.

9. C. deceptriz, Schénl. et Bak. fil, in Journ. of Bot., Aug.,

1902.

Little Namaqualand. “ Richtersveld; Western slopes of ridge on

south side of pass between Dannabis and Bethany Drift, 6056 ;

99.12.10.”

“Under quartzite rocks in sand on hills north of Modderfontein,

6160; 3.1.10,”

“Little Bushmanland. Slopes at Eenriet, 4079; 15.1.09. Also

6210.”

10. C. deltoidea, Thunb., in Nova Acta Nat. Cur., vi. p. 334 ;

Harvey, in Flora Capensis, ii., p. 350 (Cr. deltoidea, L. fil.).

“Tittle Namaqualand. Among quartz pebbles in rock fissures in

upper north-west slopes near Chubiessis outspan, 6174.”

11. C. mesembrianthoides, Schonl. et Bak. fil., in Journ. of Bot.,

Aug., 1902.

‘Tittle Namaqualand. Southern edge of Stinkfontein (north)

plateau, sand, 6215; 4.1.11.” Also ‘ 5484,” received from the

late Dr. Bolus.

The original description being rather scanty, I append a few notes

taken from one of Professor Pearson’s specimens.

Leaves connate-perfoliate, obovate lanceolate, semiterete, very

convex on the outside, flat on the inner side except near the apex

50 Annals of the South African Museu.

where it is slightly convex, slightly incurved, quite smooth, the

longest 1°3 ecm. long, 5 mm. broad, circ. 5 mm. thick. Inflorescence

terminal, cymoso-corymbose, few-flowered, pedunculate. Peduncle

slender, circ. 5 cm. long with two empty bracts. Flowers pedicel.

late, pedicels 1-2 mm. long. Calyx 2 mm. long, minutely pubescent

on the outside, lobes ovate-lanceolate circ. 15 mm. long, ciliate on

the margin. Petals ovate, slightly united at the base, erect, without

mucro, 1°56 mm. long. Stamens four-fifths the length of the petals

with large ovate anthers which are longer than the subulate fila-

ments. Carpels 0°75 mm. long, ovaries obliquely ovate passing

into the extremely short styles. Squamze about half the length of

the carpels, thin, subrectangular, rounded off and slightly excised at

the apex.

12. C. grisea, Schonl., n. sp.

Fruticulus e basi ramosus, ramis cire. 7 cm. longis dense foliatis.

Folia crassa lanceolata grisea minute papillosa connato-perfoliata

subsemiteretia intus subplana extus subcarinata apice leviter incur-

vata cire. 3 em. longa. Inflorescentia terminalis pauciflora lace

cymoso-corymbosa pedunculata, pedunculo gracile cire. 5 cm. longo

2 bracteis vacuis munito. Flores pedicellati pedicellis 2-3 mm.

longis. Sepala basi connata, 2 mm. longa, lobis subovatis obtusis

extus minuta pubescentibus et leviter carinatis, 1 mm. longis. Petala

basi connata 2°5 mm. longis erectis, lobis ovatis obtusis circ. 2 mm.

longis. Stamina tubo corolle adnata corolle circ. 2 longitudinem

equantia, filamentis subulatis antheris subovatis. Carpella 1-2 mm.

longa stigmatis sessilibus. Squamee obcuneate apice rotundate et

emarginatee circ. ‘6 mm. long.

‘“ Little Namaqualand; Richtersveld. Rocky slopes (facing west)

north of pass between Daunabis and Bethany Drift, 6054 ; 29.12.10.”

This species belongs to the same group as Cr. deltoidea, Thunb.,

and is one of those species which connect sect. Hu-Crassula with

sect. Globulea through the absence of a style and the comparatively

very large squame.

13. C. lycopodioides, Lam., Dict., ii., 173; Harvey, in Fl. Cap.,

ii., 851; Cr. wmbricata [Solander in], Ait. Hort. Kew, ed. 1., vol. 1.,

p. 393; Cr. muscosa, Thunb., in Thunberg, Flora Capensis, ed.

Schultes, p. 281, ex parte; Cr. lycioides, EK. Mey. (ex Harvey) ;

Tetraphyle lycopodioides, BK. & Z., Enum., p. 294.

“Upper Region. Hanging in masses from the perpendicular

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 651

sides of the Holle River ravine, 2,600 ft. Also at Loeriesfontein,

4888 ; 10.12.08.”

‘“‘ Karroo Region. Pappekuil, 950 ft., 3910; 4.12.08.”

“ Tittle Namaqualand. Rocky slopes at Henriet, 3,000 ft., 3100;

15.1.09.” ‘Lowest slopes of Sneeuwkop, 5871; 12.12.10.” «A

few miles north of Nieuwe Rust, 5542; 4.12.10.” ‘* Richtersveld ;

Under bushes, upper middle slopes of TcAlee Mountains, 6146;

7 ad BI

The varieties of this species founded by Harvey in FI. Cap., ii.,

p. 351, on Ecklon and Zeyher’s species of Tetraphyle, are very

difficult to separate.

3910 and 4888 are close to the type. 6146, 5871 and 5542 may

be placed under var. polpodacea, Harv. (Tetraphyle polpodacea, EK. et

Z., Enum., p. 293). 3100 is an exceptionally robust form (with

leaves 6 mm. long), and comes close to var. obtusifolia, Harv,

(Tetraphyle littoralis and T. propinqua, HK. & Z., Enum., p. 293).

14. C. glomerata, L., Mant., 20; Harvey, in Flora Cap., ii,

p. 382.

‘“Cape Region. Marshy ground, south slopes above Pickenier’s

Bass Olio 5 24k 10:7

15. C. corallina, Thunb., in Nova Acta, vi. (1778), 334 (Cr.

dasyphylla, Harv., in Flora Cap., i1., p. 355).

‘“ Bushmanland. Aggenys. Common on sand at foot of hills.

Also at Wortel, 2945; 7.1.09.”

“ Little Namaqualand, Richtersveld. Sandy plains near south

edge of Stinkfontein plateau, 6204; 4.1.11.”

There can hardly be any doubt that this is Thunberg’s plant,

which was meant by Harvey as his Cr. dasyphylla. It seems, how-

ever, that the latter also included a species from the eastern parts of

Cape Colony which is perhaps distinct, though closely allied, and

which I have described as Cr. Simiana, Schonl., in Journ. Linn. Soc.

(Bota) xx, 1897.

It may be mentioned that the plant called Tetraphyle corallina by

Ecklon and Zeyher (Enum., p. 293), for which they quote as a

synonym Cr. corallina, Thunb., does not belong to the genus

Crassula. It is Anacampseros ustulata.

16. C. expansa [Dryander in], Aiton Hort. Kew, i, p. 390,

52 Annals of the South African Museum.

No. 17; Britten and Bak. fil.,in Journ. of Bot., 1897, p. 483; Harvey

in Fl. Cap., i., p. 354 pro parte ; Cr. maritima, Schonl., in Bull. de

Vherb. Boiss., v. (1897), p. 862.

“Upper Region. Common in rock crevices in ravine of Holle

River, 2,500 ft., 4889; 10.12.08.”

‘Little Namaqualand. Clefts in granite behind Nieuwe Rust,

5004; 4.12.10.” ‘* Richtersveld. Doorn Poort Ravine. Compact

bush, 1 ft., or scrambling among bushes. 6126; 1.1.11.”

All these specimens appear to belong to Dryander’s species, which

in the dry state is not always easy to distinguish from Cr. filicaulis,

EK. et Z., Enum., p. 295. In fact, Harvey (J. c.) lumped the two

together. Whether Ecklon and Zeyher’s specimens are Cr. filicaulis,

Haw., in Phil. Mag., 1824, 186, as assumed by them, seems to me to

be very doubtful.

17. C. dentata, Thunb., in Thunberg, Flora Capensis, p. 393.

“Cape Region. Common in moist soil near stream at head of

Mitchell’s Pass, 3497 ; 27.11.08.”

18s -C asp:

« Tittle Namaqualand. On decomposed granite on upper slopes

of hills south-west of Chubiessis outspan. Difficult to distinguish

fromeurock, Jolie one

‘“ Bushmanland. Koeberg, upper south slopes, 6287; 2.1.11.”

This is allied to and may be a form of Cr. colwmnaris, Thunb. It

is without flowers. It is smaller than the ordinary forms of Cr.

colunmaris. The leaves are carinate and acuminate, and by these

characters it is distinguished from this species and from Cr. Barklyt,

N. E. Br., in Kew Bull., 1906, p. 19.

19. C. (§ Spheritis) Spheritis, Harv., in Flora Cap., ii., p. 359 ;

Schonland, in Engler’s Bot. Jahrb., Bd. 45, p. 252.

‘“Cape Region. Leeuwfontein, 3212, 3178; 28.11.08.” ‘ Picke-

nier’s Pass, standing among bushes in sand near toll. Corolla

yellow, 5107; 24.11.10.” ‘“ First plateau, Kradouw Krantz, western

aspect, 5287 ; 26.12.10.”

20. C. § (Spheritis) virgata, Harv., in Flora Cap., u., p. 360;

Schonland, J. c., p. 252.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 53

‘“‘Cape Region. Ridges (south aspect) of Hex River to outspan of

Nov. 26th, 5266.”

“ Little Namaqualand. Scrambling among shrubs at the base of

gneissic kopje near Plaatklip, 3061; 16.12.08.” “ Karroid plain

8 miles north of Van Rhyn’s Dorp, 5456; 2.12.10. 5447; 3.12.10.

5455; 3.12.10.”

‘‘ Little Bushmanland. Kopjes between Plaatklip and Bitter-

fontein, 3052; 17.12.10.”

21. C. (§ Spheritis) clavifolia, E. Mey.; Harvey in Flora Cap.,

ii., p. 360.

“Cape Region. Mountain-tops of Hottentots’ Kloof, 3912;

29.11.08.”

22. C.(§ Spheritis) decipiens, N. E. Br., in Gard. Chron., Jan.,

1903.

[Information as to locality, &c., doubtful, but probably ‘‘ Southern

slopes of Koeberg (Bushmanland), 6288; 12.1.11.’’]

23. C. (§ Spheritis) sericea, Schonl., in Engler’s Bot. Jahrb.

Bd. 45, p. 254.

“Tittle Namaqualand. Low pass immediately north of Nieuwe

Rust, northern aspect, 5552; 4.12.10.” ‘Upper northern slopes of

Rietkloof Mountain, 5721; 9.12.10.” ‘‘Kopje at Nieuwefontein,

2,700 ft. Common, 4954; 21.12.08.” ‘Richtersveld. Bush, 14 ft.

Under bushes and granite blocks, TeAlee Mountains, middle slopes,

6140 ; 2.1.11.” <‘ Klippiaat, 1,600 ft., 3942 ; 16.12.08.”

‘‘Bushmanland. On gneissic kopjes near Bitterfontein, 2,000 ft.,

3053 ; 17.12.08.”

This species was described from somewhat imperfect specimens

collected by R. Schlechter (11436). As noted by Professor Pearson,

it is a bush 14 ft. high. It branches freely ; the older portions of

the stem and branches are efoliate, the leaves are congregated at the

ends of the youngest branches, which, like the leaves, are densely

pubescent, while the older stems are glabrous. The leaves reach a

length of 2°5 cm., the larger ones are distinctly contracted towards

the base. The peduncle may reach a length of 15 cm.; the empty

bracts on it are oblong, obtuse, and not lanceolate acute, as stated in

the original description.

54 Annals of the South African Musewm.

24. C. (§ Spheritis) incana, Harvey, in Flora Cap., ii., p. 359;

Spheritis incana, EK. et Z., in Enum., p. 300.

“ Tittle Namaqualand. Scrambling among bushes on granite hills

behind Nieuwe Rust, 5501; 4.12.10.”

The specimens are rather defective, but agree sufficiently well

with the descriptions of this species that I am pretty confident of

the correctness of the determination. Unfortunately I do not know

a type specimen.

25. C. (§ Spheritis) scalaris, Schon]. et Bak. fil., in Journ. of

Bot., Oct., 1898.

‘Little Namaqualand. Under quartzite blocks on hills north of

Stinkfontein, 6166; 4.1.11.”

26. C. (§ Spheritis) hystrix, Schonl., in Engler’s Bot. Jahrb.,

Bd. 45, p. 256.

“Little Namaqualand. Upper western slopes of hills opposite

Nieuw Rust, 5498; 4.12.10.”’

2. COTYLEDON.

1. Cotyledon orbiculata, L., Sp. pl., 429 (1753).

‘« Little Namaqualand. Common on low kopje at Bakhuis, 5439 ;

3.12.10.”

“Bushmanland. 23-34 ft. Very abundant on lower southern

slopes of Koeberg, 6223; 12.1.11.”

2. C. decussata, Sims, Bot. Mag., t. 2518.

“ Little Namaqualand. 2 ft. Stem stout. Mountain pass south

of Klipplaat, 2,000 ft., 3943 ; 16.12.08.” Also at Alewyn’s Fontein.

3. C. Pillansi, Schonl., in Rec. Alb. Mus., ii., p. 152 (Cot. cuneata,

Harv. non Thunb.).

« Little Namaqualand. Between Middelkraal and Brakdam, south

of ridge, western aspect, 5092; 8.12.10.”

4. C. fascicularis, Ait. Hort. Kew, ii., 106 (1789).

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 55

‘Bushmanland. Upper slopes of hills north of Kweekfontein,

3,600 ft., 3578 ; 4.1.09.”

5. C. Wallichii, Harv., in Flora Cap., ii., p. 374.

‘“‘Karroo Region. With Euphorbias, &c.,in saline alluvial ground

at De Bosch, near Schurkraal, 1,100 ft., 3920; 5.12.08.”

The following, which has only young flower-buds, evidently also

belongs here :—

Little Namaqualand : ‘‘ Bakhuis, 5441; 3.12.10.”

6. C. reticulata, Thunb., in Prodr. Fl. Cap., i., 83 (1794).

‘Tittle Namaqualand. Plains south of Klipplaat, 1,700 ft. Pith

soft and semi-fluid. 3945; 16.12.08.” ‘“ Kopje at Rietfontein,

2.500 ft., 3766 ; 26.12.08.”

7. C. Pearson, Schonl., n. sp.

Fruticulus valde ramosus. Caulis crassus sublignosus circ. 2 cm.

diam. Rami breves circ. 1 cm. diam. in statu florigero efoliati

apicem versus tuberculati inflorescentiis numerosis lateralibus pedun-

culatis, pedunculis 5-7 em. longis, elongatis sublignosis glanduloso-

pubescentibus interdum leviter tortuosis 4-5 foliis depauperatis

minimis spiniformibus munitis, apice laxe cymoso-ramosis pauci-

floris, bracteis florigeris glanduloso-pubescentibus subulatis cire.

1:5 mm. longis. Flores nutantes pedicellati, pedicellis glanduloso-

pubescentibus, filiformibus 12-20 mm. longis. Sepala sublibera

navicularia ovato-lanceolata acuta extus glanduloso-pubescentia

4mm. longis. Corolla albida rubrolineata extus glanduloso-pubes-

cens, tubo infundibuliformi 10 mm. longo, lobis oblique lanceolatis

acutis 7 mm. longis. Stamina tubo corollze basi adnata, interiora

circ. 10 mm. longa, exteriora circ. 12 mm. longa, filamentis albis

applanatis glabris, antheris rubris late oblongis apiculatis. Carpidia

eracilia, stylis subulatis, 9 mm. longa. Squame minute sub-

rectangulares longiores quam lat apice rotundatz et leviter

emarginate circ. 0°75 mm. longe.

“Little Namaqualand. Northern slopes between Annenous and

Chubiessis outspan, 5981; 23.12.10.” “ Bakhuis. Common, 5450;

13.12.10.”

C. Pearsoni is closely allied to C. reticulata, Thunb. As in this

species, the peduncles become very hard after flowering, but in

C. Pearsoni they are, except in the upper, floriferous portion,

56 Annals of the South African Museum.

unbranched. The leaves are unknown, being shed, as in allied

species, before the flowers appear. They leave on the branches

rounded, somewhat hollow tubercles, which are usually absent in

C. reticulata. The length of the corolla in the latter is only about

1 cm., whereas in C. Pearsoni it is about 1°7 em.

8. OC. papillaris, L. f., Suppl., p. 242 (1781); Thunb., Prodr.,

p. 83 (1797). This species is much more variable than I formerly

thought. It includes C. glutinosa, Schonl., in Rec. Alb. Mus., 1.,

pellg,

“Upper Region. Boulders between Nieuwefontein and

Alewyn’s Fontein, 9,300 ft., 3483; 22.12.08.” ‘ Hills around

Loeriesfontein, 3,000 ft., 4860; 13.12.08.”

“Little Namaqualand. Among bushes on hillsides above

Brakrivier, 1,900 ft. 14 ft. Flowers whitish brown. 4878;

LPT 082:

“Sandy karroid plain along dry river-bed south of Bakhuis,

5440.”

‘«Bushmanland.” Ratelkraal; Sandy plains. Forming round

compact cushions 1 ft. in diam. Among bushes. 6213; 8.1.11.”

9. C. hemispherica, L. Sp., 614.

“Cape Region. Among rocks on summit of Nardouw Kloof, western

aspect, 5451 ; DOME OR :

The following may also belong to this species, but the material is

not sufficient for exact determination :—

“ Little Namaqualand. Broken country along Kansaap River,

one day south of Kamabies, 3058 ; D3 1OOGE

‘“ Bushmanland. Common in rock crevices at Kweekfontein,

3,200 tts a2; 4.1209.”

“Upper Region. In ravine at Kopje’s Kraal, 4871; 12.12.08.”

A specimen from “ Little Bushmanland, Aggenys, 3028 ; 7.1.09,”

should be compared with Cotyledon nana, N. E. Br., in Gard. Chron.,

8rd series, xxx., 270 (1901). It has, like this species, a one-flowered

peduncle. It seems to me, however, to be nothing but a weak

specimen of C. hemaspherica.

Another specimen, labelled “ Fissures in quartzite slopes above

Brakwater pools, 6077; 31.12.10,” differs only from typical C. hemi-

spherica, L., by much narrower and thicker leaves, which in the

dried specimens look almost fusiform.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 57

On the other hand, a specimen labelled ‘“ Little Bushmanland.

Rocky slopes at Henriet, 3,000 ft., 4069; 15.1.09,’’ comes close to

the type of—

10. C. Alstoni, Schonl. et Bak. fil., in Journ. of Bot., 1902,

p. 98.

Lastly, a specimen labelled ‘‘ Koeberg (Bushmanland). Common

in rock crevices, 6284; 12.1.11,” agrees closely with the type of—

11. C. Mariane, Marl., in Trans. 8. A. Phil. Soc., xviii., p. 46

(1907), but I must add that it is hardly possible always to determine

the species most nearly allied to C. hemespherica, except from fresh

or exceptionally well-preserved specimens, and the last names must,

therefore, be accepted with some reserve.

GENTIANACEZ.*

By A. W. Hill.

1. SEBAA.

1. S. (Letrandria) ecarinata, A. W. Hill.

Species S. albentt, R. Br., ob calycem ecarinatum affinis, sed

tenuior, corolla antherisque minoribus glandulis styli prope apicem

dispositis.

Annua erecta, tenuis. Caulis 10-12 cm. altus, simplex. Folia

glabra, opposita, elliptico-cordata vel elliptica, obtusa, 7-9 mm.

longa, 5-7 mm. lata, glauca, carnosa. Flores albi, in cymas com-

pactas corymbiferas paucifloras terminales dispositi ; bracteze foliose,

ovato- vel obovato-ellipticze, subacute, conspicu ; pedicelli brevis-

simi. Calyx 5 mm. longus, segmentis obovatis subacutis vel sub-

truncatis erosis ecarinatis. Corolle tubus 5 mm. longus; lobi ovati,

subacuti, 2°5 mm. longi. Filamenta 0°5 mm. longa; anthere

0-5 mm. longs, apice glandula stipitata instructa. Stylus 3 mm.

longus, prope apicem biglandulosus, stigmate bilabiato.

Cape Region. Piquetberg Div; Pickenier’s Pass, east side near

summit, damp places, 5229.

* Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa, 1908-1911. Report

No. 13.

58 Annals of the South African Museum.

The secondary stigma or biglandular swelling occurs just below

the normal stigma, at the level of the anthers, and is almost con-

fluent with it.

Sebea ecarinata, A. W. Hill (sect. Tetrandria), is nearly allied to

S. albens, R. By., in the absence of keel or wing to the calyx seg-

ments. It differs from this species in being much more slender with

few-flowered terminal inflorescences. The calyx segments differ in

being usually truncate, notched, or fringed, and the flowers are

smaller in all their parts.

2. S. (Pentandria-Lageniades) membranacea, A. W. Hill.

Species ex affinitate S. pusille, HE. Mey., caulibus foliisque

majoribus, segmentis calycis membranaceis dorso scabridulis pre-

cipue differt.

Annua erecta. Caulis 10-15 em. altus e basi ramosus, ramis 3—4

axillaribus erectis. Folia glabra, opposita, late ovata vel ovato-

lanceolata, acuta 1-1:5 cm. longa. Flores in cymas elongatas

paucifloras terminales dispositi, ramis 1-2 cm. longis pedicellis

1-2 mm. longis; bractez foliosw, lanceolate. Calyx 5-6 mm.

longus, segmentis anguste carinatis membranaceis dorso scabridulis

in tubo 15 mm. longo connatis partibus lberis lineari-lanceolatis

acuminatis. Corolle tubus 4 mm. longus, lobi 2 mm. longi, elliptici,

obtusi. Filamenta brevissima, infra sinos corollze paullo inserta ;

anthere 0°75 mm. longe, apice glandula minuta vel nulla, basi

glandulis 2 conspicuis instructe. Stylus 1-1'5 mm. longus, stigma

cum glandulis confluens. Capsula ovoidea.

Little Namaqualand: Sneeuwkop, upper western slopes, damp

places in shade of rocks, 5776 ; between Bowesdorp and Grootgans,

south side of pass among grass, 5881.

Sebea membranacea, A. W. Hill (sect. Pentandria-Lageniades), is

an interesting species most nearly allied to S. pusilla, Eckl., with its

var. major, A. W. Hill. It is distinguished by being the largest

species of the group, reaching a height of 6 in., with several branches

from near the base of the stem. It differs from its allies in having

the membranous, acuminate calyx segments united to form a tube

for 2 lin. The anthers are # lin. long with large basal glands, and

the style is only $—3 lin. long, being smaller than in S. puszlla.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 59

2. CHIRONIA.

1. C. baccifera, Linn., var. Burchelli, Prain.

Cape Region. On eastern slopes of Pickanier’s Pass, near summit,

5227.

Little Namaqualand. Lower southern slopes of Sneeuwkop, 5863;

lower western slopes of Sneeuwkop, 5769; marshy ground in the

Wilgehout Ravine on the south-western slopes of the Khamiesberg,

3,100 ft., 6380; among bushes in ravines at the upper end of the

lower plateau, on the south-east slopes of Vogelklip, 5918.

2. C. Schinzit, Schoch.

Little Namaqualand. Khamiesberg; on the steep sides of pass,

east of Leliefontein, 5,000 ft., 6295.

3. LIMNANTHEMUM.

L. thunbergianum, Griseb.

Cape Region: Oliphant’s River valley ; pools at Hex River, 5261.

(61 )

4, FRESH-wWATER ALG#.*—By G. S. West, M.A., D.Sce., F.L.S.

Puates I., II.

So little is known of the fresh-water algze of South-West Africa, or

for that matter of South Africa as a whole, that the collections made

by Professor Pearson in 1908-1911 have proved of considerable

interest. The present report deals only with those collections made

between November, 1908, and July, 1909, mainly from the edge of

the South-West African Plateau, an area with little rainfall and few

places in which alge are able to exist.

The alge examined were from the following regions :—

1. Anagoua. On the sides of the water-conduit and tank of the

cable-station at Mossamedes there was a thin green stratum con-

sisting of an interesting aggregation of small algz, including immense

numbers of Ankistrodesmus convolutus, a new African variety of

Oocystis elliptica, and an undescribed species of Myxobactron, one

of the rarest genera of the Chroococeacex. A saline marsh south of

the river Bero contained great quantities of Chlamydomonas marina.

At Cazengo (3,000 feet), in a small stream in the dense forest, and

attached to stones, was a quantity of Rhizocloniwm lieroglyphicum,

amongst which were numerous Diatoms.

2. Karoo. The water in all the places collected from smelt

strongly of sulphuretted hydrogen. In springs at Pappekuil (950

feet) and Gansfontein (1,200 feet) were several Desmids and

Diatoms. At Benkesfontein, in a spring in which the water was

at a temperature of 27:25°C., were Merismopedia glauca and

Nitzschia Palea.

3. Upppr (or Composite) Reaton. Most of the alge collected in

this region were obtained from stagnant pools and drying mud in

the Holle River (at 2,700 feet). A large form of Rhizocloniwm

hieroglyphicum was mixed with several filamentous blue-green

algze, several Desmids, and a sterile Spirogyra. Attached to the

Fhizoclonium were quantities of Uronema confervicolum. Numerous

Diatoms occurred amongst these various filamentous alge.

* Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition in South-West Africa, 1908-1911. Report

No. 14.

62 Annals of the South African Museum.

At Kopjes Kraal (2,300 feet) were two species of Enteromorpha,

£. intestinalis, and a very slender species which I have described as

E. gracillima.

4. Lirrne NAMAQuALAND. Stagnant pools at Brakrivier (1,600 feet)

yielded only a few Diatoms, whereas a varied assortment of alge

occurred at Pella (1,500 feet) in the wet mud on the banks of a dam.

The most interesting of these was an undescribed species of Pedi-

astrum. Some collections from running water at Henkriesfontein

(3,000 feet) were chiefly remarkable for the abundance of Diatoms.

A pool at Aggenys (6,000 feet) was the only locality from which

Navicula cuspidata was observed. Collections from Dabainoris

(1,500 feet) and Kamiebies (3,000 feet) yielded mostly Diatoms,

although one collection from the latter place contained the only

fruiting specimens of Spirogyra collected on the expedition. A

floating mass of algz in a dam at Rozynbosch (2,800 feet) consisted

of Spheroplea annulina with ripe oospores, Gidogoniwm Welwitschir

and Ci. Pringsheimii in a state of fructification, several members of

the Protococecales, and about half a dozen Desmids, one of which,

Cosmarium subcostatum forma minor, was in a state of conjugation.

A small spring at Nieuwefontein (2,700 feet) contained a form

(forma breviramosa) of Enteromorpha gracilluma.

5. GREAT NAMAQUALAND. On drying mud in Lowen’s River at

Gawachab (2,100 feet) an undescribed species of Homeothrix

occurred amongst a dense tangle of moss-protonema. The most

interesting alga at Griindoorn (3,400 feet) was Gidogomum imversum,

which was in fine fruiting condition attached to the wall of a cattle-

trough. In a warm spring at Warmbad (2,300 feet) was a quantity

of Symploca thermalis and Aphanothece caldariorwm.

6. CapE REGION BETWEEN CERES AND Karoopoort. A few

Diatoms and Chroococcaceous alge were observed near Leeuwefon-

tein (2,300 feet).

The total number of algee which could be accurately identified was

140, consisting of 38 species of Myxophycex, 48 species of Bacil-

lariew, and 54 species of Chlorophycez. There were also about 14

other species of algae which were not in a condition for accurate

identification.

The Myxophycee were fairly representative of the whole group,

with the exception of the wet-rock families of the Scytonemacee

and Stigonemacee.

Diatoms occurred in all the situations from which alge were

collected, and were often very abundant. <Amphora coffeiformis

Fresh-water Alge. 63

sometimes occurred in great quantity, and appears to be a species

very widely distributed in Africa. Species of Rhopalodia are

similarly very generally distributed throughout the African con-

tinent. Among the more interesting of the Diatoms observed,

were Nitzschia Tryblionella var. victoria, a variety of Swrirella

Engleri, Navicula bahusiensis, and Fragilaria virescens var. exigua.

The Chlorophycexe were fewer than one would have expected, due

perhaps to the small rainfall of the areas traversed, and the liability

of the water-holes and streams to become dry. The Protococcales

were fairly well represented, and the two species: of Enteromorpha

are particularly interesting. Species of Cdogoniwm were not

common, but fortunately three of them were obtained with

reproductive organs. Sterile species of Spirogyra occurred almost

everywhere in the pools and streams, but, as in most other tropical

areas, no species possessing ‘replicate ” ends to the cells were

observed. Only one was ina fruiting state, viz., S. varians, one of

the most frequent of European species. Considering the nature

of the collecting-grounds the family Desmidiacex was well repre-

sented.

It should also be mentioned that there was an entire absence

from the collections of alge belonging to the group of the Hetero-

konte.

Crass MYXOPHYCE4.

OrperR COCCOGON EAI.

Famiry CHROOCOCCACEA.

1. Aphanothece caldariorwm, Richter.

Great Namaqualand. In a pool of a spring smelling strongly of

sulphuretted hydrogen at Warmbad ; 28.1.09. Temp. of water 35°C.

2. Myxobactron hirudiforme, G. 8. West, sp. 2.

M. cellulis inter algas chlorophyceas et myxophyceas varias libere

natantibus, diametro 15-31-plo longioribus, subrectis sed irregulariter

et levissime curvatis, polis inequalibus, una plerumque obtuse

rotundata, altera gradatim attenuata et sepe subeapitata ; contentu

cellularum homogeneo et pallide zrugineo. Multiplicatio cellularum

bipartitione transversa.

Long. cell. 80-62 »; lat. 18-2. (Figs. 54-60.)

Angola. Floating among other alge in the tank of the cable-

station at Mossamedes.

64 Annals of the South African Museum.

Two other species of this genus are known, M. Usterianum,

Schmidle, from the Philippines and M. palatinwm, Schmidle, from

Germany. M. hirudiforme is distinguished from the former by

being proportionately shorter and in the different character of its

extremities ; from the latter by its proportionately greater thickness

and by the character of the poles, which are not of greater diameter

than the median portion of the cell.

I have not met with a member of this genus before, and M.

hirudiforme is one of the most remarkable blue-green alge I have

yet come across. Specimens were carefully stained, but they

showed no signs of anything like a definite central-body, and no

trace of transverse cell-walls. It may be that Myzxobactron is one

of the most primitive of the blue-green alge.

3. Merismopedia glauca, (Ehrenb.) Nag.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09. Among other

algee and a species of Chara at Dabainoris; 11.1.09.

Cape Region between Ceres and Karoopoort. In a spring smelling

strongly of sulphuretted hydrogen at Leeuwefontein ; 28.12.08.

4. Merismopedia tenuissima, Lemm.

Karoo. Floating in spring smelling strongly of sulphuretted

hydrogen at Pappekuil; 2.12.08. Floating in similar spring at

Gansfontein ; 2.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In a dam at Kamiebies; 24.12.08.

Great Namaqualand. In a cattle-trough at Griindoorn; 4.2.09.

Cape Region between Ceres and Karoopoort. In a spring smelling

strongly of sulphuretted hydrogen at Leeuwefontein ; 28.12.08.

5. Merismopedia punctata, Meyen.

Little Namaqualand. In wet mud on the banks of a dam at

Pella; 8.1.09. In a dam at Kamiebies; 24.12.08 Dabainoris;

SOO:

6. Tetrapedia glaucescens, (Wittr.) Boldt.

Long. cell. 5°5 ww; lat. 6 p.

Little Namaqualand. Among Chara sp. in dam at Pella; 8.1.09.

7. Gomphospheria aponina, Kitz.

Little Namaqualand. In wet mud on banks of dam at Pella;

8.1.09. Dabainoris; 11.1.09. From the latter locality the speci-

mens were exceptionally fine.

8. Microcystis prasina, (Wittr.) Lemm.

Diam. cell. 3-3°6 » diam. colon. 16-52 p.

Fresh-water Alge. 65

Little Namaqualand. In wet mud on banks of dam at Pella;

8.1.09.

9. Chroococcus nunor, (Kiitz.) Nig.

Karoo. In spring smelling strongly of sulphuretted hydrogen at

Gansfontein ; 2.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09.

Great Namaqualand. In spring at Warmbad; 28.1.09. Temp. of

water 35° C.

Forma minima, West, in Journ. Linn. Soe. bot. 1894, p. 275, t. 16,

f. 18. Chr. minutus var. minimus, von Keissler, in Verhandl. der

Zool. bot. Ges. Wien, 1901, p. 394, f. 1,2. Chr. minimus, (v. Keissl.)

Lemm., in Archiv. fir Botan. utgifv. af K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Bd. 2,

No. 2, 1904, p. 102.

Upper (or Composite) Region. Holle River; 10.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Kamiebies; 24.12.08. Dabain-

oris; 11.1.09. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09.

10. Chroococcus minutus, (Kiitz.) Nag.

Great Namaqualand. In spring smelling strongly of sulphuretted

hydrogen at Warmbad ; 28.1.09.

11. Chroococcus varius, A. Br.

Angola. Attached to the sides of a shallow concreted water-

conduit at Mossamedes.

12. Chroococcus pallidus, Nag.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09.

13. Chroococcus turgidus, (Kiitz.) Nag.

Upper (or Composite) Region. On drying mud, Holle River ;

10.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09. In spring at

Henkriesfontein; 14.1.09.

Cape Region between Ceres and Karoopoort. In a spring smelling

strongly of sulphuretted hydrogen at Leeuwefontein.

Faminry CHAMASIPHONIACEA.

14. Chamesiphon incrustans, Grun.

Angola. On Rhizocloniwm leroglyphicum in Cazengo District.

15. Chamesiphon gracilis, Rabenh.

Long. 30-46 pw; lat. cell. 2-2°4 uw, cum vag. 3°2-3°8 p.

Angola. With the preceding species, but epiphytic on Vaucheria

sp. (sterile).

Annals of the South African Museum.

OrpER HORMOGONEA.

Faminty OSCILLATORIACEA.

16. Spirulina subtilissima, Kitz.

Upper (or Composite) Region. On drying mud in bed of Holle

ver; 10.12.08.

Forma.

Diam. trich. 1; diam. spir. 2°6 p.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella (very common); 8.1.09.

17. Spirulina tenwssima, Kitz, (= Sp. subsalsa, Girsted.)

Crass. trich. 1-4-1'5 yy; crass. spir. 4°2 p.

Little Namaqualand. Rather rare in dam at Pella; 8.1.09.

18. Spirulina major, Kiitz.

Little Namaqualand. On wet mud at Pella; 8.1.09.

19. Oscillatoria animalis, Ag.

Little Namaqualand. On wet gravel in dam at Rozynbosch;

9.1.09,

20. Oscillatoria chlorina, Kitz.

Crass. trich. 3:5 p.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09.

21. Oscillatoria formosa, Bory.

Little Namaqualand. With the preceding species.

22. Oscillatoria Okem, Ag.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09. Among other

floating alge at Dabainoris; 11.1.09.

23. Oscillatoria tenurs, Ag.

Karoo. In shallow stream, Beukesfontein ; 1.12.08.

Upper (or Composite) Region. Holle River; 10.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09.

24. Oscillatoria lamosa, Ag.

Crass. trich. 20 p.

Upper (or Composite) Region. Holle River; 10.12.08.

25, Oscillatoria princeps, Vauch.

Karoo. In spring smelling strongly of sulphuretted hydrogen at

Pappekuil; 2.12.08. In a similar spring at Gansfontein ; 2.12.08,

26. Phormidiwm angustissimum, W. & G. 8. West.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09.

Great Namaqualand. In spring (sulphureous) at Warmbad;

28.1.09.

Fresh-water Alge. 67

This species was originally described from Angola in 1897.

27. Phormidium foveolarum, (Mont.) Gomont.

Angola. Attached to the sides of water-conduit at the cable-station,

Mossamedes.

28. Phormidium laminoswm, (Ag.) Gomont.

Crass. trich. 1:4 p.

Upper (or Composite) Region. On drying mud, Holle River ;

10.12.08

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09.

29. Phormidium fragile, (Menegh.) Gomont, forma tenwis, W.

& G. S. West, in Report on Sci. Investig. British Antarctic Expedi-

tion 1907-9, vol. i., part vii., 1911, p. 291, t. 25, f. 76.

Crass. trich. 0:9-1 p.

Angola. In slightly saline marsh south of the mouth of River

Bero, Mossamedes.

Upper (or Composite) Region. On drying mud in river-bed,

Holle River; 10.12.08.

30. Phormidiwm molle, (Kiitz.) Gomont.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09.

31. Phormidium tenue, (Menegh.) Gomont.

Upper (or Composite) Region. Holle River ; 10.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09. In dam at

Henkriesfontein; 14.1.09. Floating in pool at Aggenys; 6.1.09.

32. Phornidium sp.

This alga stands near to Phornidium Coriwm, (Ag.) Gomont, but

differs in several essential points. The trichomes are pale

wruginous, 2°5-3'8 » in thickness, and slightly attenuated towards

the extremities. Cell-walls distinct, and here and there apparently

thickened in a somewhat irregular manner. The material was

insufficient for complete investigation, and for the present I hesitate

to say anything more definite concerning its specific identity.

Angola. In a saline marsh south of the mouth of the River Bero

Mossamedes.

33. Lyngbya major, Menegh.

Crass. fil. 22-25 w; trich. 17:5-18 p.

Little Namaqualand. In spring at Henkriesfontein ; 14.1.09.

34. Symploca thermalis, (Kiitz.) Grun.

Great Namaqualand. Forming, along with Phormedium angustes-

simum, a short column from the base of a pool in a sulphureous

spring at Warmbad. Temp. of water 35°C.

68 Annals of the South African Museum.

Famity NOSTOCACEAS.

35. Anabena cylindrica, Lemm., in Forschungsber. Biol. Stat.

Plo6n, iv., 1896, p. 186, f. 8-12.

Crass. cell. 3-3°5 yw; lat. heterocyst. 5-8-6 y, long. heterocyst. 8 p ;

long. spor. 14-19 p, lat. spor. 5-5-6 pu.

Upper (or Composite) Region. On mud in the river-bed, Holle

River; 10.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In spring at Henkriesfontein; 14.1.09.

36. Nodularia twricensis, (Cramer) Hansg. (= N. Harveyana,

Born. & Flah.)

Little Namaqualand. Attached to stones in running water at

Henkriesfontein ; 14.1.09.

37. Nostoc paludoswm Kitz.

Little Namaqualand. Floating in dam at Rozynbosch ; 9.1.09.

Famity RIVULARIACEA.

38. Homeothrix africana, G. 8. West, sp. n.

H. filis parvis, sparsis inter protonema muscorum, subrectis vel

curvato-flexuosis, plerumque curtis; vagina arcta et firma, in filis

juvenibus hyalinis et achrois, in filis vetustis lamellosis et aureo-

brunneis ; trichomatibus brevibus, ab base gradatim et gradatim in

pilum subobtusum brevem attenuatis, inter cellulas non constrictis ;

cellulis inferioribus diametro paullo brevioribus, plerumque pene

subquadratis, iis superioribus tam longis quam latis vel diametro

4-plo longioribus; cellula basali hemispherica; cellula apicali

obtusa ; heterocystis nullis.

Crass. fil. ad bas. 7:8-11°5y; crass. trich. ad bas. 5°8-6°3 yw.

(Figs. 36, 37.)

Great Namaqualand. Among moss-protonema on drying mud in

Lowen’s River, Gawachab; 7.2.09.

This appears to be a distinctive species, but should be compared

with another African species, H. cartilaginea nov. comb. ( = Calothrix

cartilaginea, G. S. West, in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. xxxviii, 1907,

p. 181, t. 10, f. 7), which has been found in Tanganyika. It differs

from that species in the absence of the cartilaginous stratum, and in

the much more cylindrical trichomes, which are not torulose and

are without a basal swelling. The sheaths also differ in becoming

golden-brown and lamellose in the older filaments.

Fresh-water Alge. 69

Cuass BACILLARIE.

OrpverR CENTRICA.

Famity COSCINODISCACE.

39. Cyclotella Meneghimiana, Kitz.

Karoo. In spring at Gansfontein ; 2.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Henkriesfontein ; 14.1.09.

40. Cyclotella Kiitzingiana, Chauvin.

Little Namaqualand. Among floating alge and Chara sp.,

Dabainoris ; 11.1.09.

Great Namaqualand. In cattle-trough at Griindoorn; 4.2.09.

OrpeER PENNATA.

Faminy TABELLARIACEA.

41. Denticula tenwis, Kiitz.

Upper (or Composite) Region. Holle River; 10.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09. Among various

alge at Dabainoris; 11.1.09. In dam at Kamiebies; 24.12.08,

In some of the above localities this species was very abundant.

Faminy FRAGILARIACEA.

42. Fragilaria virescens, Ralfs, var. exigua, Grun. (Van Heurck,

Synops. Diat. Belg. i. 44, f. 3).

Angola. In small stream in Cazengo District.

43. Synedra Acus, (Kiitz.) Grun.

Little Namaqualand. In water-pit at Henriet; 15.1.09. Var.

delicatissima, (W. Sm.) Grun.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09.

44, Synedra Ulna, (Nitzsch) Ehrenb.

Angola. In stream in Cazengo District.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Gansfontein ; 2.12.08.

Upper (or Composite) Region. Holle River; 10.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In running water at Henkriesfontein ;

14.1.09. In dam at Kamiebies; 24.12.08.

Cape Region between Ceres and Karoopoort. Leeuwefontein ;

28.12.08,

70 Annals of the South African Museum.

Var. splendens, (Kiitz.) Van Heurck.

Little Namaqualand. Henkriesfontein; 14.1.09.

Var. vitrea, (Kiitz.) Van Heurck.

Upper (or Composite) Region. Holle River; 10.12.08.

45. Synedra Oxyrhynchus, Kiitz.

Angola. In stream in Cazengo District.

Famity HUNOTIACEA.

46. Eunotia pectinalis, (Kiitz.) Rabenh.,

Upper (or Composite) Region. Holle River; 10.12.08.

Faminy ACHNANTHACEA

47. Achnanthes minutissima, Kitz.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09.

Var. cryptocephala, Grun,

Angola. In stream in Cazengo District.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring, Gansfontein ; 2.12.08.

Upper (or Composite) Region. Holle River; 10.12.08. In dam

at Karieboomfontein; 8.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. Dabainoris; 11.1.09.

Great Namaqualand. Griindoorn; 4.2.09.

48. Achnanthes lanceolata, (Bréb.) Grun.

Angola. In stream in Cazengo District.

Upper (or Composite) Region. Holle River; 10.12.08.

49. Achnanthes coarctata, Bréb.

Upper (or Composite) Region. On drying mud in the river-bed,

Holle River; 10.12.08.

Famity COCCONEIDACEA.

50. Cocconeis Placentula, Khrenb.

Angola. In stream in Cazengo District.

Famity NAVICULACEA.

51. Navicula bahustensis, Grunow. (Cleve, Synops. Navie. Diat.

TT, 1895, p: 4.)

Angola. Among Plewrococcus dissectus and Edysichlamys obliqua,

forming a thin stratum on sand-grains in a shallow depression which

received the water from the cable-station bath-rooms at Mossamedes.

Fresh-water Alge. 71

Var. istriana, Grun.

Angola. With the type form.

52. Navicula borealis, (Khrenb.) Kiitz.

Angola. In stream in Cazengo District.

Upper (or Composite) Region. Holle River; 10.12.08.

53. Navicula Brébissoni, Kiitz.

Upper (or Composite) Region. Holle River; 10.12.08. Among

Tetraspora explanata in dam at Karieboomfontein; 8.1.09.

54. Navicula cryptocephala, Kitz.

Angola. In stream in Cazengo District.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring, Gansfontein ; 2.12.08.

Upper (or Composite) Region. Holle River; 10.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In spring at Henkriesfontein; 14.1.09.

Among various algze at Dabainoris; 11.1.09.

5d. Navicula cuspidata, Kitz.

Little Namaqualand. Very typical specimens in a small pool at

Aggenys; 6.1.09. Altitude 3,000 feet.

56. Navicula elluptica, Kitz.

Angola. In stream in Cazengo District.

57. Naviculua gibba, (Ehrenb.) W. Sm.

Angola. In stream in Cazengo District.

58. Navicula limosa, Kiitz.

Angola. In stream in Cazengo District.

59. Navicula mutica, Kitz.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Gansfontein ; 2.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Henkriesfontein; 14.1.09.

Among other algze on submerged stones, Dabainoris; 11.1.09.

60. Navicula Pupula, Kitz.

Upper (or Composite) Region. On drying mud in Holle River;

10.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Kamiebies ; 24.12.08.

61. Navicula radiosa, Kiitz., var. tenella, (Bréb.) Cleve, Synops.

Navie. Diat. II, 1895, p. 17.

Little Namaqualand. Among Myxonema tenue and Nodularia

turicensis in running water, Henkriesfontein; 14.1.09.

62. Navicula rhynchocephala, Kiitz.

Angola. In stream in Cazengo District.

63. Navicula spherophora, Kiitz.

Angola. In stream in Cazengo District.

72 Annals of the South African Museum.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Pappekuil ; 2.12.08.

Upper (or Composite) Region. On drying mud in Holle River;

10.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09. In running water

at Henkriesfontein ; 14.1.09. In pool at Aggenys; 6.1.09. On sub-

merged stones at Dabainoris; 11.1.09. Among Spirogyra varians

in spring at Kamiebies ; 24.12.08. In dam at Rozynbosch; 9.1.09.

This species was certainly the most abundant Diatom observed in

the collections. It occurred in a great variety of situations and

exhibited a considerable amount of variation in the shape of the

valves. Great variation in outward form was shown by this Diatom

in another African area. O. Miller has described and figured a very

interesting and continuous series of forms from the saline lake

El Kab in Upper Egpyt (vide Hedwigia, Bd. xxxviii, 1899, pp. 300-

305, t. 12, f. 1-15).

64. Navicula viridis, Kitz.

In stream in Cazengo District.

65. Navicula sp.

I have not succeeded in identifying this species, and it may

possibly be new. It agrees with those species which were formerly

placed in the genus Schizonema in its absolutely transverse stria-

tions. These striations are very delicate (27 to 29 in 10,), rather

more so than in a species of the section Schizonema, and they are in

no way divergent. Long. valv. 26-28 yp; lat. valv. 5°3-5°5 p.

Great Namaqualand. Attached to the concrete walls of a cattle-

trough at Griindoorn; 4.2.09.

66. Stawroneis anceps, Ehrenb.

Upper (or Composite) Region. Holle River; 10.12.08.

Var. linearis, (Khrenb.) Cleve, Synops. Navic. Diat. I, 1894, p. 147.

Long. valv. 47 w; lat. 8; striis 24 in 10 p.

Little Namaqualand. Abundant in dam at Henkriesfontein ;

14.1.09.

67. Gyrosigma Spencerit, (Quek.) O.K., var. exis, Grun.

Angola. In stream in Cazengo District.

Famity GOMPHONEMACE.

68. Gonphonema gracile, Ehrenb.

Angola. In stream in Cazengo District.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Gansfontein ; 2.12.08.

Upper (or Composite) Region. Holle River; 10.12.08 In dam

at Karieboomfontein ; 8.12.08.

Fresh-water Alya@. 73

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09. In dam at

Henkriesfontein; 14.1.09. In a water-pit at Eenriet; 15.1.09.

69. Gomphonema lanceolatum, Kitz.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Henkriesfontein; 14,1.09.

70. Gomphonema parvulum, Kitz.

Angola. In water-conduit at Mossamedes. In stream in Cazengo

District.

Little Namaqualand. In spring at Henkriesfontein; 14.1.09.

Among various algz at Dabainoris; 11.1.09.

Var. micropus, (Kiitz.) Cleve.

Upper (or Composite) Region. In dam at Karieboomfontein ;

8.12.08.

Great Namaqualand. In cattle-trough at Griindoorn; 4.2.09.

71. Ehowcosphenia curvata, (Kittz.) Grun., var. fracta, (Sehum.)

Cleve.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Pappekuil; 2.12.08.

Faminy COCCONEMACEA.

72. Cocconema c@qualis, (W. Sm.) nov. comb. (= Cymbella

equalis, W. Sm.)

Upper (or Composite) Region. Holle River; 10.12.08.

73. Amphora cofferformas, Ag.

Angola. In stream in Cazengo District.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Gansfontein ; 2.12.08.

Upper (or Composite) Region. Holle River; 10.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at MHenkriesfontein; 14.1.09.

Among various alge and Chara sp. at Dabainoris; 11.1.09. In

pool at Aggenys ; 6.1.09.

This Diatom appears to have a very wide African distribution.

Var. perpusilla, Grun.

Little Namaqualand. Ina pool at Aggenys; 6.1.09.

74. Rhopalodia gibba, (Kutz.) O. Miller.

Little Namaqualand. In pools at Brakrivier; 11.12.09.

75. Rhopalodia gibberula, (Khrenb.) O. Miller.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring, Gansfontein ; 2.12.08.

Faminy NITZSCHIACEA.

76. Nitzschia amphibia, Grun.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Henkriesfontein ; 14.1.09.

74 Annals of the South African Musewn.

77. Nitzschia. Denticula, Grun. (= Denticula obtusa, W. Sm.)

Little Namaqualand. With the preceding species.

78. Niteschia constricta, (Kiitz.) Pritch. (= N. dubia, W. Sm.)

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Kamiebies ; 24.12.03.

79, Nitzschia linearis, (Ag.) W. Sm.

Angola. In stream in Cazengo District.

Little Namaqualand. In pools at Brakrivier; 11.12.09. In dam

at Henkriesfontein; 14.1.09.

80. Nitzschia Kiitzingiana, Hilse.

Angola. In concreted water-conduit, Mossamedes.

Upper (or Composite) Region. On drying mud, Holle River ;

10.12.08.

81. Nitzschia Palea, (Kiitz.) W. Sm.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Pappekuil; 2.12.08. In

similar spring at Beukesfontein ; 1.12.08.

Upper (or Composite) Region. On drying mud, Holle River ;

10.12.08. In dam at Karieboomfontein ; 8.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In spring at Henkriesfontein ; 14.1.09.

Var. tenwirostris, Grun.

Upper (or Composite) Region. In dam at Karieboomfontein ;

8.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In running water at Henkriesfontein ;

41.09:

Var. debilis, Van Heurck.

Karoo. In spring at Benkesfontein; 1.12.08.

82. Nitzschia stagnorum, Rabenh.

Angola. In concreted water-conduit, Mossamedes.

Upper (or Composite) Region. Holle River; 10.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In pool at Aggenys; 6.1.09.

83. Nitzschia Tryblionella, Hantzsch.

Upper (or Composite) Region. Holle River; 10 12.08.

Var. victorig, Grun.

Angola. In stream in Cazengo District.

84. Hantzschia Amphioxys, (Ehrenb.) Grun.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Rozynbosch ; 9.1.09.

Great Namaqualand. On drying mud at Lowen’s River,

Gawachab ; 7.2.09.

Fresh-water Alge. 75

Famity SURIRELLACEA.

85. Surirella ovalis, Bréb.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Gansfontein ; 2.12.08.

Upper (or Composite) Region. Holle River; 10.12.08. In dam

at Karieboomfontein ; 8.1.09.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09. In dam at

Henkriesfontein; 14.1.09. In pool at Aggenys; 6.1.09. In water-

pit at Henriet; 15.1.09.

From the dam at Henkriesfontein some striking deformities of the

valves were observed in quantity.

86. Surirella Englert, O. Miller, var.

Angola. In stream in Cazengo District.

The variety observed was transitional between S. Englert and

S. Nyasse, O. Miiller, and agreed very well with the form

described and figured by Ostenfeld in Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool.

Harvard, lii, 1909, t. 1, f. 11.

87. Cymatopleura Solea, (Bréb.) W. Sm.

Angola. In stream in Cazengo District.

All the specimens seen were relatively very wide in the valve-view

and they probably constitute a distinct variety.

Crass CHLOROPHYCE.

Orper PROTOCOCCALES.

Famity VOLVOCACEKA.

88. Chlamydomonas marina, Cohn, in Hedwigia, 1865, p. 97, figs.

a-g.

Angola, In slightly saline marsh south of the mouth of the River

Bero, Mossamedes.

The specimens were exactly typical, and there was no trace of a

pigment spot (or stigma). The cup-shaped chloroplast contained a

conspicuous pyrenoid. (Figs. 1-4.)

Faminy PALMELLACEZA.

89. Tetraspora explanata, Ag.

Upper (or Composite) Region. Floating in dam at Karieboom-

fontein ; 8.12.08.

76 Annals of the South African Musewn.

90. Gleocystis gigas, (Kiitz.) Lagerh.

Angola. In stream in Cazengo District.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Kamiebies; 24.12.08.

Faminy PLEUROCOCCACE.

91, Pleurococcus angulosus, (Corda) Menegh.

Diam. cell. 6-12 p.

Angola. Forming a thin stratum on the sides of a concreted

water-conduit at Mossamedes.

92. Plewrococcus dissectus, Kiitz.

Angola. Forming a thin green stratum on sand-grains in a

shallow depression which received the water from the bath-rooms

of the cable-station, Mossamedes.

Famity AUTOSPORACEA.

93. Oocystes elliptica, W. West, var. africana, var. n.

Var minima; autosporis 4 vel 8, dense compactis ; chromatophoris

multe lobatis parietalibus singulis vel binis.

Long. cell. 8-13 yp; lat. cell. 4°5-7 p. (Figs. 14-17.)

Angola. Abundant among Ankistrodesnvus convolutus and Plewro-

coccus angulosus on the sides of a concreted water-conduit at

Mossamedes.

The proportions of the cells of this variety are exactly those of

the type. Some of the largest cells show the very faintest indica-

tion of polar thickenings, and the old wall of the mother-cell very

early becomes gelatinous and disappears, the four or eight autospores

remaining for some time in a cluster as though agglutinated

together. The cells may possess a single parietal chloroplast,

which is much lobed, or two parietal chloroplasts.

The early disappearance of the walls of the mother-cells

distinguishes this African variety from all other known forms of

the species.

EcpysicHLAmys, G. §. West, gen. n.

Cellule in strato mucoso viridi tenuissimo et expanso confertissime

aggregate, oblique ellipsoidex, latere una leviter convexa, latere

altera valde convexa (subsemicirculari), polis minutissime apiculatis ;

chromatophora parietali magna et singula in celiula unaquaque, cum

pyrenoide singulo (rarissime pyrenoidibus binis) conspicuo, et

eranulis minutissimis numerosis; nucleo singulo plerumque

unilateraliter dispositis; membrana cellularum firma, indistinete

Fresh-water Algae. (ae

lamellosa, lamelle exterz (et vetuste) plus minusve irregulariter

dissociatee. Propagatio autosporis 2 vel 4 e divisione transverse vel

oblique in cellula matricali ortis.

94, Hedysichlamys obliqua, sp. unica.

Character idem ac generis; cellulis parvis, diametro circiter 14-

12-plo longioribus.

Long. cell. 8°7-13°7 yx; lat. 5-8°8 p. (Figs. 18-29).

Angola. Forming a thin green stratum, one layer of cells in

thickness, with Plewrococcus dissectus, on sand-grains in a shallow

depression which received the water from the bath-rooms of the

cable-station, Mossamedes.

This genus undoubtedly stands near to Oocystis, Nag., but differs

in several important respects. In the first place the cells of this alga

form a dark green, compact, attached stratum, one layer of cells in

thickness, whereas all species of the genus Oocystis are free-floating,

solitary or gregarious colonies. The oblique nature of the cells,

with one side very much flattened, is also characteristic, although

one known species of Oocystis possesses asymmetrical cells (vide

O. asymmetrica, W. & G. S. West, in Journ. Roy. Micr. Soc.,

1894, p. 14, t. 2, f. 27).

The outer layers of the cell-wall, which in all the cells is very

firm as in Oocystis, are often thrown off in a manner comparable

with the exuviation of the outer layers of the wall which occurs in

Nephrocytiwm ecdysiscepanum, W. & G. S. West. The outermost

layer often alone separates and exists as an outstanding envelope

such as may be seen in Oocystis parva, W. & G. 8. West (vide

G. S. West in Journ. Bot., 1899, t. 394, f. 14-16).

The chloroplast is very massive and practically fills the whole

cell. It contains one, or very rarely two, conspicuous pyrenoids,

such as do not occur in any species of Oocystis except O. natans,

(Lemm.) Wille.

In the formation of the autospores the division of the protoplast

is somewhat variable. When only two autospores arise in the

mother-cell, the division is often exactly transverse, whereas at

other times it is oblique. When four autospores are being formed

in the one mother-cell, two oblique division-planes are formed

simultaneously.

Each pole of the cell is terminated by a very delicate and scarcely

discernible apiculus.

95. Tetraédron minimum, (A. Br.) Hansg.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Pappekuil ; 2.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09.

78 Annals of the South African Museum.

96. Tetraédron trigonum, (Nig.) Hansg., var. isoscelum, G. S.

West, var. n.

Var. minimum, cellulis cum lateribus binis elongatis subrectis vel

leviter concavis, latere tertio breviori et valde retuso ; angulis minute

spinulatis.

Diam. min. (c. spin.) 6-10», max. 13-18. (Figs. 33, 34.)

Little Namaqualand. Floating in dam at Rozynbosch ; 9.1.09.

97. Scenedesmus obliquus, (Turp.) Kiitz.

Angola. In stream in Cazengo District.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring, Gansfontein ; 2.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09. Among other

algee at Dabainoris (in great quantity); 11.1.09. In dam at

Kamiebies ; 24.12.08. In great abundance in dam at Rasynboch ;

9.109:

Cape Region between Ceres and Karoopoort. In sulphureous

spring at Leeuwefontein ; 28.12.08.

98. Scenedesmus bijugatus, (Turp.) Kitz.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Pappekuil ; 2.12.08. In similar

spring at Gansfontein ; 2.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Henkriesfontein; 14.1.09.

Among various alge at Dabainoris; 11.1.09.

Forma ad Sc. incrassatulum, Bohlin, accedens, sed cellulis sine

apiculis.

Angola. In stream in Cazengo District.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Rasynbosch ; 9.1.09.

99. Scenedesmus acutiformis, Schréder, var. brasiliensis, (Bohlin)

W. & G. 8S: West.

Little Namaqualand. In water-pit at Eenriet ; 15.1.09.

100. Scenedesmus denticulatus, Lagerh., var. linearis, Hansg.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring, Beukesfontein ; 1.12.08. Temp.

of water 27:25° C. In similar spring at Gansfontein ; 2.12.08.

101. Scenedesmus quadricauda, (Turp.) Bréb.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Beukesfontein ; 1.12.08; and in

similar spring at Pappekuil; 2.12.08.

Upper (or Composite) Region. Holle River; 10.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. Among other alge at Dabainoris; 11.1.09.

In stagnant pool in river-bed at Aus (colouring the water green) ;

21.1.09. In water-pit at Eenriet; 16.1.09.

102. Dactylococcus bicaudatus, A. Br.

Long. cell. 24 w; lat. 4°5 p.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Rozynbosch; 9.1.09.

Fresh-water Alge. 9

The genus Dactylococcus is well established by the species

D. bicaudatus, A. Br., and D. dispar, W. & G. S. West.

Stages of Scenedesmus obliquus are often observed, and can easily

be obtained in cultures, agreeing almost exactly with Niigeli’s

original species D. infusionwm. But even if D. infusionum is to be

regarded merely as one state of Scenedesmus obliquus, the two

species of Dactylococcus mentioned above fit in all details Nigeli’s

original description of this genus, and hence Dactylococcus, Nig.,

must be retained.

Recently, Grobéty (in Bull. Soc. Bot. Genéve, 2nd ser. vol. 1,

1909, p. 357) has instituted the name ‘“ Ourococcus’’ for Dactylococcus

bicaudatus. This name is not only quite unnecessary, but was used

in 1845 by Hassal for his first subgenus of Hematococcus, Ag., and

was corrupted by Kiitzing into “ Urococcus.” Hence it is in the

highest degree improper to use the name Owrococcus again for a

genus of green alge.

103. Ankistrodesmus convolutus, Corda.

Angola. Very abundant in the water-conduit and water-tank of

the cable-station at Mossamedes.

This interesting species was in great abundance. The peculiar

spiral twist possessed by the cells causes considerable variation in

form according to the position of the individual. One pole fre-

quently appears rounded when the other is acutely pointed.

(Figs. 5-13).

104. Calastrum sphericum, Nig.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Pappekuil ; 2.12.08.

Famity HYDRODICTYACEA.

105. Pediastrum Boryanum, (Turp.) Menegh.

Karoo. With the preceding species.

106. Pediastrum Pearsom, G. 8. West, sp. n.

P. ccenobiis compactis, ellipsoideis in ambitu, sine lacunis, e cellulis

8 (2 centralibus et 6 marginalibus) vel 15 (5 centralibus et 10 mar-

ginalibus) formatis; cellulis centralibus plus minusve irregulariter

pentagonis; cellulis marginalibus subhexagonis, margine exteriori

angulari-rotundato; cellula marginali unaquaque cum processibus

distantibus brevibus (2°4—6 , longis) binis, delicatulis et subcapitatis,

oblique dispositis; membrana cellularum firma et sxpe subcrassa,

minute scrobiculata; chromatophora unaquaque cum pyrenoidibus

singulis vel binis.

80 Annals of the South Afrecan Musewn.

Lat. cell. centr. 13-27; lat. cell. margin. 17-30 4; lat. ecenob.

(sine proc.) 32-68 »; long. proc. 2-4-6 p. (Figs. 30-32).

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09.

The very compact ccenobium, the entire character of the marginal

cells, and the oblique disposition of the small marginal processes, are

the distinguishing features of this species. It should be carefully

compared with P. itegrum, Nag.

It was not uncommon in the dam at the above locality, and no

other species of the genus occurred with it.

OrpER SIPHONALES.

Famity VAUCHERIACEA.

107. Vaucheria sp.

Angola. In stream in dense forest in Cazengo District. Crass. fil.

150-166 x. Only sterile filaments were observed, and some of these

were clothed with numerous colonies of the epiphyte Chamesiphon

gracilis, Rabenh.

Orper SIPHONOCLADIALES.

Famity CLADOPHORACE.

108. Rhizoclonium hieroglyphicum, Kitz.; em. Stockm.

Crass. fil. 21°5-26 yp.

Angola. Among Vaucheria sp. in stream in dense forest in

Cazengo District.

The specimens were fairly typical, and many of the filaments were

encrusted with colonies of Chamesiphon tmcrustans, Grun.

Var. (Fig 35.)

This approaches var. r7pariun, (Harv.) Stockm., but the transverse

walls were of considerable thickness (15-17) and there were no

“rhizoids.”’ Cras. fil. 33-34. Numerous plants of Uronema

confervicolum, Lagerh., were epiphytic on the filaments.

Upper (or Composite) Region. Holle River, attached to the rocky

sides of stagnant pools; 10.12.08.

Faminty SPHAHROPLEACEA.

109. Spheroplea annulina, (Roth) Ag.

Crass. coenocyt. 42-46 ; diam. oospor. matur. 16-24 y.

Little Namaqualand. Floating in dam at Rozynbosch; 9.1.09.

Fresh-water Alge. 81

This alga was mixed with species of G/dogonimm, and a number of

Desmids and Protococcales. The transverse walls of the filaments

were 7-8» in thickness. In all the filaments examined were ripe

oospores.

Ornpver ULVALES.

Famity ULVACEA.

110. Enteromorpha intestinalis, (.) Link.

Diam. cell. 8-16 p.

Upper (or Composite) Region. In shallow stream (‘‘ brakwater ’’)

smelling of sulphuretted hydrogen at Kopje’s Kraal; 12.12.08.

111. Enteromorpha gracillima, G. 8. West, sp. n.

EK. pallide viridis, lapides irroratos in rivulo affixa; thallo

9-16 cms. longo, angustissimo, tubuloso, capillare et ramoso; filis

primariis usque ad 250, crassis, flexuosis; ramis angustioribus,

64-110, crassis multe elongatis et flexuoso-undulatis, apicibus

breviter et gradatim attenuatis sed non monosiphoniis; cellulis

subirregulariter polygonatis, 9-23 yz crassis ; vix in seriebus longitu-

dinalibus dispositis sed plus minusve irregulariter ordinatis.

(Figs. 43, 44.)

Karoo. In spring smelling strongly of sulphuretted hydrogen at

Gansfontein ; 11.1.09.

Upper (or Composite) Region. Attached to stones in shallow

stream at Kopje’s Kraal; 12.12.08. Water smelling strongly of

sulphuretted hydrogen. Another sample was mixed with a sterile

species of Spirogyra.

It does not seem possible to identify this species with any of

those already described. It is most certainly not a form of

E. plumosa, Kiitz., but it should be carefully compared with

E. clathrata, (Roth) J. Ag. From the latter it differs in its more

slender habit, with fewer, less patent, and more elongated branches,

which are, however, much more flexuose. The cells are also much

more irregular, both in shape and in disposition.

It is possible that fully grown plants may exceed 16 cms. in

length, as the longest specimens examined did not appear to be

quite perfect. For its length it is the narrowest known species of

the genus. The branches are narrower than the main axis,

of considerable length (up to 9 cms.), and by no means numerous.

The occurrence of another inland species of Hnteromorpha is very

interesting. Moreover, species of this genus, although frequently

82 Annals of the South African Musewn.

growing under the influence of sewage contamination, have not

previously been discovered in sulphureous springs.

Forma breviramosa.

Forma filis primariis undulato-crispatis ; ramis brevioribus, cum

ramulis paucis brevissimis (e seriebus cellularum duabus formatis).

Crass. fil. prim. usque 278; crass. ram. 52-91; crass. ramul.

20-25 p. (Figs. 45, 46.)

Little Namaqualand. In brackish water from a weak spring at

Nieuwefontein; 21.12.08.

OrperR ULOTRICHALES.

Faminy ULOTRICHACEA.

112. Ulothrix tenerrima, Kiitz.

Crass. fil. 8 p.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Rozynbosch; 9.1.09.

113. Uronema confervicolum, Lagerh.,

Crass. fil. 5-7°5 p.

Upper (or Composite) Region. In quantity, epiphytic on a variety

of Lhizoclonium hieroglyphicum which was attached to the rocky

sides of stagnant pools, Holle River: 10.12.08.

Each cell contained a very massive and much-lobed chloroplast,

the lobes appearing like large cushions.

Famity CHAATOPHORACEZ.

114. Myzxonema tenue, (Ag.) Rabenh.

Little Namaqualand. Attached in running water at Henkries-

fontein; 14.1.09.

OrnpDER CONJUGATA.

Famity ZYGNEMACEA.

115. Zygnema sp. (sterile).

Diam. fil. 23-24 pf

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09.

116. Zygnema sp. (sterile).

Diam. fil. 20 p.

Upper (or Composite) Region. In bed of Holle River; 10.12.08.

Fresh-water Alge. 83

117. Spirogyra sp. (sterile).

Diam. cells. 22-24 «; cells 24-4 times as long as broad; chloro-

plast solitary, with 2-4 turns.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Gansfontein ; 2.12.08.

Cape Region between Ceres and Karoopoort. In sulphureous

spring at Leeuwefontein ; 28.12.08.

118. Spirogyra sp. (sterile).

Diam. cells 28-32 »; cells 4—6 times as long as broad ; chloroplast

solitary, with 34-7 turns.

Upper (or Composite) Region. Floating in dam at Karieboom-

fontein ; 8.12.09.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Kamiebies; 24.12.08.

119. Spirogyra sp. (sterile).

Diam. cells 33-34; cells 4-6 times as long as broad; chloro-

plasts 3, making 14-24 close turns, and with large pyrenoids.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09. In dam and also

in running water at Henkriesfontein; 14.1.09

120. Spirogyra sp. (sterile).

The following most probably all belong to the same species :—

a. Diam. cells 34-36 1; cells 2-5 times as long as broad ; chloro-

plast sohtary, with 3}-5 turns, rough edges, and large pyrenoids.

Little Namaqualand. In pool at Aggenys; 6.1.09. In dam at

Kamiebies; 24.12.08.

b. Diam. cells 34-38 .; cells 2-3 times as long as broad; chloro-

plast solitary, broad, with rough edges and large pyrenoids, and

with close turns of spiral.

Little Namaqualand. In stagnant pools at Brakrivier; 11.12.09.

c. Diam. cells 34-39 »; cells 2-4 times as long as broad ; chloro-

plast solitary, broad, with conspicuous pyrenoids, and making 4-8

turns.

Little Namaqualand. In water-pool at Aggenys; 6.1.09.

d. Diam, cells 35-38»; cells 1-3 times as long as broad; chloro-

plast solitary and broad, making 1-5 turns.

Upper (or Composite) Region. In stagnant pools, Holle River ;

10.12.08.

Cape Region between Ceres and Karooport, In small pool at

Leeuwefontein ; 28.11.08.

Possibly the two following are also referable to the same species :—

e. Diam. cells 36-38 ; with one or two large chloroplasts.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Pappekuil; 2.12.08. Also in

similar spring at Beukesfontein; 1.12.08.

84 Annals of the South African Museum.

Upper (or Composite) Region. In stagnant pools, Holle River

10.12.08. Floating in dam at Karieboomfontein ; 8.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In spring at Henkriesfontein; 14.1.09.

Floating in masses in small pool at Aggenys; 6.1.09.

f. Diam. cells 36-42 w; cells with one or two large chloroplasts

containing conspicuous pyrenoids.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Pappekuil; 2.12.08, Also in

sulphureous spring (temp. of water 27:25°C.) at Beukesfontein ;

1.12.08.

Upper (or Composite) Region. In stream at Kopje’s Kraal;

12.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In stagnant pools, Brakrivier; 11.12.09.

Floating in dam at Henkriesfontein; 14.1.09.

121. Spirogyra sp. (sterile).

Diam. cells 42-48; cells 3-2 (generally 14) times as long as

broad; chloroplasts 2, making 3-2 turns, and with large pyrenoids.

Karoo. Floating in sulphureous spring at Pappekuil; 2.12.08.

122. Spirogyra varians, (Hass.) Kitz.

Crass. fil. 86-38 ; long. zygosp, 50-56 yw; lat. zygosp. 33-34 pu.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Kamiebies ; 24.12.08.

123. Mougeotia sp. (sterile).

Diam. 7°5-8 x; cells 12-16 times as long as broad.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09.

124. Mougeotia sp. (sterile).

Diam. 13»; cells 7-9 times as long as broad.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Gansfontein ; 2.12.08.

Famity DESMIDIACEA.

125. Cylindrocystis pyramidata, W. & G. 8. West.

Long. 39; lat. 24 w; lat. isthm, 22 p.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Rozynbosch; 9.1.09.

126. Closterium acerosum, (Schrank) Ehrenb.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Pappekuil; 2.12.08.

Upper (or Composite) Region. In dam at Karieboomfontein ;

8.12.08.

127. Closteriwn Diane, Khrenb.

A small form, but otherwise quite typical; long. inter apic. 224 p ;

lat. 19 py.

Little Namaqualand. Among Chara sp. in dam at Pella; 8.1.09.

Fresh-water Alge. 85

128. Clostertwm Ehrenbergii, Menegh.

Rather small form ; long. 364 pw; lat. 56 p.

Little Namaqualand. In pool at Aggenys; 6.1.09.

129. Closteriwm lanceolatwm, Kitz.

Long. 264-312 «x; lat. 42-48 py.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring, Gansfontein ; 2.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. Among various alge, Dabainoris; 11.1.09.

In dam at Rozynbosch ; 9.1.09.

130. Closterwwm Leibleinii, Kitz.

Lat. 27 p.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Rozynbosch; 9.1.09.

131. Closterium moniliferum, (Bory) Ehrenb.

Lat. 46 [E-

Little Namaqualand. In pool at Aggenys; 6.1.09.

132. Cosmariwm alatwm, Kirchn., var. e@quatoriense, Nordst. in

Wittr. & Nordst. Alg. Exsic. 1893, No. 1166; W. & G. S. West,

Monogr. Brit. Desm. III, 1908, p. 257, t. 90, f. 8. Huastrwm

hexagonum, W. & G. 8S. West, 1896.

Forma angulis basalibus semicellularum majoribus et levissime

bilobulatis, lobuli superiori minori.

Long. 58»; lat. 47-49 w; lat. isthm. 13°5 pp. (Fig. 41.)

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Rozynbosch; 9.1.09.

This tropical variety of C. alatwm was previously known from

Central Africa and Heuador.

133. Cosmarium bireme, Nordst., var. crassum, W. & G. S. West,

in Trans. Linn. Soc. bot. ser. 2, 1895, p. 56, t. 6, f. 36.

Forma papilla centrali semicellularum minori.

Long. 20-21°5.; lat. 16-18; lat. isthm. 4°8-5°O; crass. 13 p.

(Fig. 39.)

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Pappekuil ; 2.12.08.

This variety has only previously been recorded from Madagascar.

134. Cosmariwwm Botrytis, Menegh.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Pappekuil ; 2.12.08.

Var. depressum, W. & G. S. West.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Rozynbosch; 9.1.09.

135. Cosmariwm contractwm, WKirechn.

Forma membrana cellularum valde et densissime punctata.

Long. 29 y; lat. 23; lat. isthm. 7; crass. 13° p.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Pappekuil ; 2.12.08.

(

86 Annals of the South African Musewm.

136. Cosmarvwum formosulum, Hoff.

Long. 51-53 p; lat. 43-44 w; lat. isthm. 11:5-12,; crass. 26 p.

Karoo. Among Spirogyra sp. in sulphureous spring at Gans-

fontein; 2.12.08.

Cape Region between Ceres and Karoopoort. In sulphureous

spring at Leeuwefontein, abundant among Spirogyra sp.; 28.12.08.

137. Cosmariwm geometricum, W. & G. S. West, var. adoxotdes,

G. S. West, var. n.

Var. sinu lineari ad extremum ampliato; apice semicellularum

leviter concavis vel rectis. |

Long. 9:5-10 «; lat. 9-10 yx; lat. isthm. 2°5 «; crass. 5:2 pw. (Fig. 47.)

Little Namaqualand. Among Chara sp. in dam at Pella; 8.1.09.

The semicells of this tiny desmid have the minutely apiculate

angles and also the slightly papillate central area of C. geometricum,

but the closed sinus of C. adoxun.

C. geometricum was originally described from Madagascar.

138. Cosmariwm leve, Rabenh.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09.

Var. distentum, G. S. West, var. n.

Var. semicellulis latioribus, lateribus subdilatatis ; a vertice visis

cum tumore parvo ad medium utrobique.

Long. 26-29; lat. 21-24; lat. isthm. 6-7; crass. 15°5 pe.

(Fig. 48.)

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09. Among various

alge, Dabainoris; 11.1.09. In dam at Kamiebies; 24.12.08.

Great Namaqualand. In cattle-trough at Griindoorn; 4.2.09.

This desmid occurred abundantly in the above-mentioned localities.

Forms of C. leve appear to be very widely distributed and by no

means uncommon throughout the African continent.

139. Cosmariwm Logiense, Bissett, forma expansa, W. & G. S.

West, Monogr. Brit. Desm. IV, 1911, p. 16, t. 99, f.7. (= C. latum

var. minor, Roy & Biss., Scott. Desm. 1894, p. 105, t. 2, f. 11.)

A rather small form: long. 50 7; lat. 46; lat. isthm. 17 p.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Gansfontein ; 2.12.08.

This form should be compared with that described and figured by

Gutwinski from Poland as “C. Logzense forma?” (vide Rozpraw

Wydz. mat.-przyr. Akad. Umiej. Krakow. xxxii, 1896, p. 25, t. 7,

f. 33).

140. Cosmarium obtusatwn, Schmidle.

Long. 67 px; lat. 56 yw: lat. isthm., 14 pu.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Gansfontein ; 2.12.08.

Fresh-water Alqe. 87

141. Cosmarium Pappekwilense, G. 8. West, sp. n.

C. parvum, circiter tam longum quam latum, profundissime

constrictum, sinu acutangulo et aperto; semicellule transverse

suboblonge, margine ventrali leviter convexo, margine dorsali

(apice) recto, lateribus rotundo-convexis; semicellule a latere vise

subcirculares; a vertice vise oblong, polis rotundatis, lateribus

subrectis; membrana minute granulata, granulis in seriebus verti-

calibus cire. 15 dispositis, 7-8 in serie unaquaque, chromatophora

singula axiali in semicellula unaquaque, cum pyrenoide centrali,

in lobos radiatos subangustos subirregulariter producta.

Long. 27 »; lat. 27-285 w; lat. isthm. 8; crass. 13. (Fig. 40.)

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Pappekuil; 2.12.08.

In general outline this species agrees most closely with C. bzocu-

latum, Bréb., var. hians, W. & G. S. West, but differs in its larger

size, its distinctly granulate cell-wall, and in the irregularly lobed

chloroplasts. From C. Wittrockii, Lund., it differs in its oblong

semicells, both in front and vertical views, and in its much finer

granulation. The form of the front view is also very like that of

C. staurastroides, Hichl. & Gutw., but its other characters are

quite different.

142. Cosmariwm Pearson, G. 5. West, sp. n.

C. mediocre, circiter 11-plo longius quam latum, profundissime

constrictum, sinu angustissimo-lineari ad extremum ampliato ; semi-

cellule: subsemicirculares, apice indistincte et subanguste truncato,

angulis basalibus leviter rotundatis; a latere vise circulares; a

vertice vise subanguste ellipticee; membrana dense _ granulata,

ad marginem semicellule uniuscujusque circiter 48-50, granulis

parvis margines versus in seriebus confertis verticalibus ordinatis,

centrum versus granulis paucioribus et irregulariter dispositis ;

pyrenoidibus binis in semicellula unaquoque.

Long. 73 1; lat. 62-64»; lat. isthm. 22; crass. 85. (Fig. 42.)

Upper (or Composite) Region. Holle River, in drying mud in the

river-bed ; 10.12.08.

This species should be carefully compared with C. Botrytis var.

depressum, W. & G. S. West, from which it is distinguished by

the density and disposition of its smaller granules.

143. Cosmarium premorsum, Bréb.

Forma cellulis paullo longioribus; long. 55-60; lat. 43-46 py;

lat. isthm. 13 p.

Great Namaqualand. Abundant in a cattle-trough at Griindoorn ;

4.2.09.

88 Annals of the South African Museum.

144. Cosmarium Pseudobroomei, Wolle, var. compressum, G. 8.

West, in Journ. Linn. Soe. bot. xxxviii., 1907, p. 123, t. 7, f. 11.

A slightly larger form: long. 40; lat. 40-42 2; lat. isthm. 13 p.

Angola. In stream in Cazengo District.

This variety was first found in the vicinity of Tanganyika.

145. Cosmarium quadratulum, (Gay) De Toni.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Rozynbosch ; 9.1.09.

146. Cosmarium subcostatum, Nordst., forma minor, W.&G.S. West.

Zygospore globosie, verrucis truncatis (ad marginem 9 visis)

obsess, verruca unaquaque cum granulis 7 circa spinam brevem

centralem. (Fig. 38.)

Long. cell. 26-28; lat. 205-23; lat. isthm. 7-Sp; crass.

13-14; diam. zygosp. sine verruc. 24 px, cum verruc. 30-32 pu.

Angola. In shallow concreted water-conduit at Mossamedes.

Karoo. In sulphureous spring at Pappekuil; 2.12.08. In similar

spring at Gansfontein ; 2.12.08.

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Pella; 8.1.09. Among other

alge at Rozynbosch, with zygospores; 9.1.09.

This small form was first described from Angola in 1897, but has

since been shown to have a wide geographical distribution, especially

in the tropics. No zygospores of the species have previously been

observed.

147. Staurastrum alternans, Bréb.

Forma angulis leviter subrotundatioribus: long. 26 yw; lat. 22 4 ;

lat. isthm. 9°5 p.

Little Namaqualand. On wet mud in dam at Pella; 8.1.09.

148. Stawrastruwm subdilatatum, W. & G. S. West.

Forma granulis paucioribus validioribusque: long. 23-26 py; lat.

21-25 w; lat. isthm. 8°5-9 p.

Little Namaqualand. Among Chara sp. floating in dam at Pella ;

B09:

Orper GEDOGONIALES.

Famity GADOGONIACE.

149. Gidogoniwm imversum, Wittr., in Ofvers. af K. Vet.-Akad.

Forhandl. No. 6, 1876, p. 47, t. 138, f. 22-24.

Crass. cell. veget. 14-18 x; altit. 2-34-plo major ;

» oogon. 28-30; 4, 27-30p;

su GOOSPOFr: 26-29; ,, 24-28 yp. (Figs. 49, 50.)

Great Namaqualand. In cattle-trough at Griindoorn ; 4.2.09,

Fresh-water Alqe. 89

The specimens did not entirely agree in all details with the

description and figures of this species, as the vegetative cells were

a little thicker and the oogonia a trifle smaller. It is not necessary

to give these African plants a varietal name, as I think such differ-

ences as were apparent come well within the limits of variation for

a species of Gidogonium. Moreover, the dimensions of the vegetative

cells and oogonia are the same as in C4. inverswm forma subcluswm

Wittr., but the latter has the oogonia 2—4-seriate, whereas they were

solitary in the specimens from Great Namaqualand.

150. Gidogonium Pringsheimii, Cramer; Wittr., 1870; Wittr.

Prodr. Monogr. Gidog., 1874, p. 33, t. 1, f. 16, 17.

Forma membrana oosporarum crassa (5 j) et nigro-brunnea.

Crass. cell. veget. (9) 17-19 ; altit. 24-34-plo major ;

OOg ON. 34-36; ,, 3644p;

7. BOOSpor: 28-30; ,, 29-30 ,;

» cell. antherid. 12-15,y; ,, 3:5-5y. (Figs. 51-53.)

Little Namaqualand. In dam at Rozynbosch ; 9.1.09.

This form may possibly be identical with the one known as “ var.

Nordstedtii, Wittr., forma pachydermatosporum, (Nordst.) Hirn”

(Cfr. Hirn, Monogr. Gidog. 1900, p. 173, t. 27, f. 160). The wall

of the ripe oospore is very dark brown and attains a thickness of

5. The vegetative cells are, however, in exact agreement with the

type (crass. 17-19). The antheridia sometimes consisted of as

many as 10 cells.

151. GHdogoniwm Welwitschi, W. & G. S. West.

Crass. cell. veget. 26-29 ; altit. 2-3-plo major ;

7 ROOZON. 40-444; ,, 3644p;

an) OOSPOr:. 37-43 nw; ,, 30-36 p.

Little Namaqualand. At Rozynbosch, with the preceding species.

152. Gidogoniwm sp. (sterile).

Crass. cell. veget. 16 1; cells 4-6 times as long as broad.

Great Namaqualand. Floating in sulphureous spring at Warm-

bad; 28.1.09. Temp. 35°C.

153. Gidogonium sp. (sterile).

Crass. cell. veget. 21-23°5 1; cells very short (1-14 times as long

as broad).

Little Namaqualand. In pool at Aggenys; 6.1.09.

FIGS.

1-4.

5-13.

14-17.

18-29.

30-32.

36-37.

38.

43-44,

45-46.

(90)

DESCRIPTION OF PLATES.

Puate I.

Chlamydomonas marina, Cohn. x 1000.

Ankistrodesmus convolutus, Corda. x 1000.

Oocystis elliptica, W. West, var. africana, G. S. West, var.n. x 1000.

Fig. 14 shows the lobed nature of the chloroplast; fig. 15 the com-

pleted division of the protoplast into 8 young autospores; fig. 16 a

colony of 4 cells, and fig. 17 a colony of 8 cells. In figs. 16 and 17

the disappearance of the mother-cell-wall is shown.

Ecdysichlamys obliqua, G. S. West, gen. et sp. n. x 800. Figs. 18-20,

normal vegetative cells; 19, cell stained with haematoxylin to show

the nucleus; 21-23, showing distention of outer layer of cell-wall;

24 and 25, showing the ecdysis of lamelle from the wall; 26-29,

autospore-formation. n, nucleus; py, pyrenoid.

Pediastrum Pearsoni, G. 8S. West, sp. n. x 500. Fig. 31 is the side-

view of a colony to show the oblique disposition of the marginal

processes.

. Tetraédron trigonun, (Nig.) Hanse., var. isoscelum, G. 8S. West, var. n.

x 1000.

Rhizoclonium hieroglyphicum, Wiitz., var. Single cell of filament.

« 500.

Homeothrix africana, G8. West, sp.n. x 500.

Zygospore of Cosmarium subcostatum, Nordst., forma minor, W. &

G. 8S. West. x 500.

Cosmariiun bireme, Nordst., var. crasswm, W. & G. S. West, forma,

x 500.

Cosmarium Pappekuilense, GS. West, sp.n. x 500.

Cosmarium alatum, Kirchn., var. equatoriense, Nordst., forma. x 500.

Cosmarium Pearsoni, GS. West, sp.n. x 500.

Prats II.

Enteromorpha gracillima, G. 8. West, sp.n. Fig. 43, branched filaments,

natural size; 44, small portion of branch showing outlines of cells.

x 500.

Enteromorpha gracillima, forma breviramosa, G. S. West. Fig. 45,

filament, natural size; 46, small portion of branch showing bases of

two ramuli and the outlines of the cells. x 500.

Cosmarium geometricun, W. & G. S. West, var. adoxoides, G. S. West,

var. n. x 1000.

Cosmarium leave, Rabenh., var. distentum, GS. West, var. n. x 500.

—50. Gdogonium inversum, Wittr. Aform, x 500.

. Edogonium Pringsheimit, Cramer, forma. x 500. Fig. 51 is a male

filament showing antheridial cells.

. Myxobactron hirudiforme, G. S. West, sp. n. x 1000. Fig. 60 shows

the transverse division of the cell. The cell-contents are pale

wruginous and quite homogeneous.

Ann. S. Af. Mus. Vol. IX. Plate I.

G. S. West ad nat. del. West, Newman proc.

AFRICAN ALG&.

Plate IT.

Ann. S. Afr. Mus. Vol. IX.

AFRICAN ALG&.

‘

;

(91 )

5.—A Contribution to the Knowledge of the South African Proteacee,

No. I.—By HE. P. Puiutirs, M.A., F.L.S.

(With 1 Text-fig.)

Since the publication of the monograph on the Proteacex in the

‘“‘ Flora Capensis,’’ many species which are not completely known

have been more fully examined ; the majority of these were collected

by the Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition, and full descriptions will

be found in their next published Report. Besides the above-men-

tioned collection, the writer has been fortunate in describing from

fresh material a species of Protea hitherto only known from a figure,

and two albino varieties of the same genus which up to the present

have not been recorded. We now know of 3 species of Protea which

have albino varieties. I also found preserved in the herbarium of

Dr. Marloth a species of Serrwria, of which the type is probably lost

and which is only known from Meisner’s description in the

Prodromus (DC. Prodr. xiv. 297). These few facts seem of

sufficient importance to have them recorded for future reference.

LEUCADENDRON, R. Br.

Leucadendron cinerum, R. Br., var. glabrum, Phillips. A typis

foliis plane glabris differt.

Bush about 1 m. high. Branches terete, reddish, glabrous.

Leaves of the male smaller than those of the female; the former

‘9-18 cm. long, 15-3 mm. broad above, linear-spathulate, obtuse,

glabrous ; the latter 2°2-3°5 cm. long, 3°5 mm. broad above, spathulate-

linear, obtuse, glabrous. Male inflorescence 6 mm. long, 8 mm. broad,

globose ; receptacle 3mm. long, cylindric. Floral-bracts 2 mm. long,

lanceolate-linear, villous. Perianth-tube 2-5 mm. long, cylindric, pube-

scent above, glabrous below ; segments 2°5 mm. long, pubescent or

almost glabrous; limb 1 mm. long, oblong-linear, obtuse, glabrous.

Anthers ‘75 mm. long, linear. Style 4:5 mm. long, filiform ; stigma

‘> mm. long, clavate. Hypogynous-scales 1-5 mm. long, filiform.

Female inflorescence 1 cm. long, 1°3 em. broad, globose; receptacle

7 cm. long, cylindric. Bracts 4 mm. long, 8 mm. broad, transversely

oblong, villous. Pertanth-segments 6:5 em. long, villous, dilated and

92 Annals of the South African Musewn.

glabrous at the base; lobes 1 mm. long, oblong, obtuse. Ovary

2 mm. long, elliptic in outline, villous ; style 4 mm. long, filiform,

very gradually widening above ; stigma suboblique. Young fruit

4 mm. long, elliptic in outline, villous.

Cape Division: Kraaifontein, about 19 miles from Cape Town,

Phillips in Herb. Mus. Austro-Afric. 3789. May, 1912.

PROTBEA, R. Br.

Protea ligulefolia (Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. i. 346).

Branches finely pubescent. Leaves 10-13-5 em. long, 1:2-1:3 em.

wide, narrow-strap-shaped, obtuse, glabrous, narrowed at the base,

in the dry specimen the mid-rib is prominent above and beneath.

Capitulum 11-12 em. long, about 8 cm. in diameter. IJnvolucral-

bracts 10-12-seriate, those at the very base tomentose; outer

oblong-ovate, obtuse, glabrous, sometimes finely ciliate ; inner oblong

or lanceolate-oblong above, subacuminate, obtuse, long clawed, silky

pubescent, long-ciliate, exceeding the flowers. Receptacle convex.

Perianth 10 cm. long; perianth-sheath 6:5 cm. long, slightly dilated

3-keeled and 7-nerved below, pubescent, becoming glabrous at the

base ; lip 3°5 cm. long, villous, 3-awned; lateral awns 2°5 cm. long,

linear, long-villous, lower hairs whitish, upper dark-purple. Fertile

stamens 3; anthers 6 mm. long, linear; apical glands 1 mm. long,

ovate, subacuminate, subacute; barren stamen 6 mm. long, acute ;

filament 2°5 mm. long, filiform. Ovary 3 mm. long, oblong in

outline, covered with reddish-brown hairs; style 6 cm. long, com-

pressed, with a swelling at the base, pubescent; stigma 6 mm.

long, flat on one side, ribbed and strongly convex on the other,

conspicuously kneed and curved at the junction with the style.

The specimen agrees very well with the figure in Andrew’s

Botanists’ Repository, the flower-head being slightly convex and the

awns covered with reddish-purple hairs. A dried specimen is pre-

served in the herbarium of Mr. N. S. Pillans, who also collected

a fresh specimen near Sir Lowry’s Pass in August, 1912.

Protea cynaroides, Linn., var. albiflora, Phillips, var. nov.

Involucri bractez albe.

Branches long, subflexuous, terete, glabrous, reddish. Leaves

petioled; blade 6-10 cm. long, 4-6°8 em. broad, broadly elliptic,

obtuse, cuneate at the base, distinctly but not prominently veined,

glabrous, punctate, with margins sometimes reddish; petiole

4°5-8 em. long, terete, green or reddish, with a swollen reddish

Contribution to the Knowledge of South African Proteaceae. 93

base. Capitulum sessile or subsessile, 14-16 em. long, about

10 cm. in diameter in half-opened flowers. Receptacle 2 cm. long,

convex; pale 3 mm. long, ovate, acute, concave. Involucral-bracts

11-13-seriate ; the lowermost brown, subcoriaceous, ovate, glabrous,

ciliate; outer ovate, acute, finely albo-pubescent, ciliate, white,

becoming dark above with age; inner oblong-lanceolate, acuminate,

acute, inflexed at the apex, finely albo-pubescent, white, exceeding

the flowers. Perianth-sheath 9 cm. long, albo-pubescent without

and within from the widened base upwards, dilated, 7-nerved,

3-keeled and glabrous below; lip 2:2 cm. long, albo-tomentose,

produced into 3 tomentose or villous awns; lateral awns 9 mm.

long; median awn 7 mm. long. Stamens all fertile, sessile ;

anthers 1:2 cm. long, linear; apical glands 2°5 mm. long, linear,

slightly swollen and reddish at the tip. Ovary 2°5 mm. long, oblong

in outline, covered with long white hairs 1 cm. long; style 8-83 cm.

long, curved, subterete, albo-pubescent in the upper half; stigma

1:1 em. long, linear, subacute, with ragged margins, scarcely bent

at the juncture with the style, red.

The specimen was bought in Adderley Street flower market, and

came from Constantia, near Cape Town.

A specimen of P. cynaroides was collected by Mr. W. T. Saxton

close to the stream just beyond Smith’s Farm, about 4 miles from

Cape Point, which had perfectly glabrous reddish involueral-bracts.

P. pulchella, Andy., var. albiflora, Phillips, var. nov. Ivolucri-

bractez albe. Anthere apice glandulis albis instructe. Stigma

album.

Branches tomentellous. Leaves 4-154 em. long, ‘7—-1°5 em. broad,

linear to lanceolate-linear, acute, mucronate, narrowed at the base,

with a distinct mid-rib, glabrous. Capituluwm sessile, 9°5-10 cm.

long, about 5 em. in diameter, surrounded by the upper foliage

leaves ; receptacle 5 mm. high, convex; palz ovate, acute, concave.

Involucral-bracts 10-12-seriate; the lowermost tomentose or

pubescent, ciliate; outer ovate, subacuminate, obtuse, glabrous,

ciliate ; inner oblong to oblanceolate, obtuse, narrowed into a long

claw, glabrous, with a fringe of hairs round’ the apex, exceeding the

flowers. Perianth-sheath 6:2 em. long, villous, 7-nerved, 3-keeled

and glabrous at the base; lip 1-1 cm. long, pubescent on the sides,

more or less glabrous on the back, 3-awned ; lateral awns 6 mm.

long, filiform, villous ; median awn 2 mm. long. Fertile stamens 3 ;

anthers 4 mm. long, linear; apical glands 1 mm. long, sub-acute ;

barren anther acute, eglandular. Ovary 3 mm. long, oblong in out-

94 Annals of the South African Museum.

line, covered with long hairs; style 5 em. long, slightly arcuate,

compressed below, terete above ; stigma 6 mm. long, slightly kneed

at the junction with the style.

The leaves are green with pellucid margins, which are sometimes

tinged with red; the mid-rib is light yellow in colour. The lower-

most bracts are green with a dark-brown border, the rest of

involucral bracts are greenish-white. The apical glands of the

stamens and the stigma are colourless, not pink as in the type.

Collected on the road to Jonker’s Hoek, Stellenbosch Division, by

Mr. S. Garside, who states that he only saw a single bush of the

white variety growing among the type.

SERRUBRIA, Salisb.

Serruria Zeyheri (Meisn. in. DC. Prodr. xiv. 297). An erect

plant.

Wa j eT

y XY i

Branches terete, scantily appressed pubescent above, at length

becoming glabrous. Leaves 6-9'8 cm. long, bipinnately divided

Contribution to the Knowledge of South African Proteacee. 95

in upper 4 or 3, glabrous; ultimate leaf-segments 1-2-5 cm. long,

long and acutely mucronate. Capitula solitary or racemose,

axillary and terminal, ‘6-7 cm. long, about 1 cm. wide, surrounded

by the upper leaves; peduncles 2°5-3:5 cm. long, terete, suleate,

minutely pubescent, bearing scattered ovate long-acuminate acute

glabrous bracts. Jnvolucral-bracts about 3-seriate, 4:5 mm. long,

2-5 mm. broad, ovate, acuminate, obtuse, faintly ciliate; floral

bracts 4 mm. long, 1:5 mm. broad, lanceolate, acuminate, subacute,

glabrous, ciliate. Perianth segments 6°5 mm. long, linear, widened

slightly below, albo-villous except on the widened portion at the

base; limb 1 mm, long, elliptic, obtuse, glabrous. Anthers -75 mm.

long, oblong, with a swollen gland? at the base. Ovary 1 mm. long,

oblong in outline, glabrous; style 6 mm. long, almost linear, very

gradually narrowing above, glabrous; stigmaglobose. Hypogynouws-

scales 1 mm. long, linear, acuminate, acute.

Houw Hoek, Caledon Division, Marloth 4844.

The specimen agrees quite well with Meisner’s description, and I

have no hesitation in referring it to this species. It is allied to

S. anethifolia, Kn., but the leaves are thinner and the limb of the

perianth segment quite glabrous.

(96 )

6.—A List of the Phanerogams and Ferns collected by Mr. P. C.

Keytel on the Island of Tristan da Cunha, 1908-1909.—By

Bs 2. Primus, MA.) FE:S;

Mr. Keyren during his stay of nearly a year on the Island of

Tristan da Cunha collected 57 species of plants, of these 43 were

phanerogams, comprising 21 orders and 34 genera, while 11 genera

with 14 species were pteridophytes.

An enumeration of the plants from Tristan da Cunha (made from

Thouars’, Carmichael’s, and Mosely’s collections) shows 38 phanero-

gams and 27 ferns, out of which 14 of the former and 6 of the latter

are endemic. Common cosmopolitan weeds were not numerous,

only 11 being mentioned.*

Mr. Keytel’s collection contained 20 species which had been found

by the above three collectors, the remainder being plants hitherto

unrecorded from the island, though doubtless the majority have

been introduced during the last 30 years. Of the endemic species,

Mr. Keytel only found 7; 3 out of 6 dicotyledons, 1 out of 8

monocotyledons, and 3 out of 6 pteridophytes.

The geographical distribution of many of the species has been

tuken from Hemsley’s account in the Report of the “Challenger ”’

expedition, and also from Dr. Brown’s account in the Report of the

“‘ Scotia ’”’ expedition.| My thanks are due to Dr. O. Stapf, F.R.S.,

who kindly checked my namings of the ferns and grasses.

PHANHROGAMS.

DICOTYLEDONS.

N. O. CARYOPHYLLACEAE.

Cerastiwm trivale, Link.

Distribution.—Europe, Asia, North Africa.

1873-1876,”’ Botany, vol. i., p. 143, 1885.

+ ‘Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of S.Y. Scotia during the years

1902, 1903, and 1904,”’ Botany, vol. iii., 1912.

A Inst of Phanerogams and Ferns. 97

N. O. GERANIACEAE.

Pelargonium australe, Willd. var. acugnaticum, Thouars.

Distribution.—The species is native of Australia and New Zealand ;

the variety is probably peculiar to the Tristan group.

Oxalis variabilis, Linn.

Distribution.—South Africa.

O. corniculata, Lindl. Widely spread on the island.

Distribution.—Temperate and tropical countries.

Ors):

N. O. RHAMNACEAE.

Phylica mtida, Lam. The “ Island tree.”’

Distribution.—Gough, Inaccessible and Nightingale Islands,

Amsterdam, Reunion Islands and Mauritius.

N. O. LEGUMINOSAE.

Trifoliwm repens, Linn. Round the Settlement.

Distribution.—South Temperature Zone.

N. O. RosacEAk.

Acaena sanguisorbae, Vahl.

Distribution.—Amsterdam Island, Australia, New Zealand and

neighbouring islands, and the Tristan group.

N, O. UMBELLIFERAE.

Hydrocotyle capitata, Thouars.

Distribution.—Endemic to the Tristan group.

H., sp., ef. H. asiatica. Mountain slopes.

Apium australe, Thouars.

Distribution.—Gough Island, Inaccessible Island and generally in

the South Temperate Zone.

N. O. RuBIACEAE.

Nertera depressa, Gaertn. Mountain slopes. Fruit a red berry.

Distribution.—Gough and Inaccessible Islands and in the South

Temperate Zone generally.

Nertera, sp., probably N. asswrgens, Thouars. Occurs sparingly on

the island.

98 Annals of the South African Museum.

N. O. CompositTak.

Sonchus oleraceus, Linn.

Distribution.—Cosmopolitan, probably introduced into the Tristan

group.

Senecio vulgaris, Linn.

Distribution.—Cosmopolitan.

Chrysanthemum leucathemum, Linn. Common. Flowers Decem-

ber to March.

Distribution.—Europe and North Asia.

Gnaphalium luteo-album, Linn. Mostly on the northern slopes.

Distribution. —Temperate and tropical regions.

Anthemis cotula, Linn. Flowers from December to January.

Distribution.—Hurope, North Africa, and Eastern.

Crepis, sp. Round the Settlement. Rare.

N. O. PRIMULACEAE.

Anagallis arvensis, Linn. Round the Settlement.

Distribution.—Europe and Temperate Asia.

N. O. SOLANACEAE.

Solanum nigrum, Linn. A common weed round the Settlement.

Distribution.— Widely distributed.

N. O. CONVOLVULACEAE.

Calystegia soldanella, R. Br. Sand-hills on the south-east side

of the island. Not common.

Distribution.—Cosmopolitan in temperate regions.

C. seprwm, R. Br. Sand-hills on the south-east side. Not

common.

Distribution.—Cosmopolitan in temperate regions.

N. O. VERBENACEAE.

Verbena officinalis, Linn. Near Settlement.

Distribution.— Widely distributed.

N. O. SCROPHULARIACEAE,

Verbascum virgatum, Stokes. Near Settlement.

Distribution.— Europe.

A List of Phanerogams and Ferns. 99

N. O. PLANTAGINEAE.

Plantago lanceolata, Linn. Round the Settlement.

Distribution.—Europe and North Asia.

N. O. CHENOPODIACEAE.

Chenopodium tomentosum, Thouars. The “ Island Tea.”

Distribution.—Endemic to group.

C. murale, Linn. A common weed.

Distribution.— Widely distributed.

N. O. PoLYGONACEAE.

Rumex frutescens, Thouars.

Distribution.—Endemic to the Tristan group.

FR. acetocella, Linn. Round Settlement.

Distribution.— Widely distributed.

R. crispus, Linn. A common weed.

Distribution. — Widely distributed.

N. O. EMPETRACEAE.

Empetrum nigrum, Linn. var rubrum, Hemsl.

Distribution.—Europe and North Asia, Tristan group, Falkland

Islands, and Tierra del Fuego.

MONOCOTYLEDONS.

N. O. IrntDackaek.

Romulea bulbocodium, Seb. and Maur. Round the Settlement.

Distribution.— Mediterranean region.

N. O. JUNCACEAE.

Juncus tenuis, Willd. (=J. tristanicus, Hemsl.).

Distribution.—Western India and Australia.

N. O. CypEracEAE.

Scirpus cernuus, Vahl. var subtilis, C. B. Cl. Round the Settlement.

S. sulcatus, Thouars. Common on south-east side of island.

Distribution.—Endemic to the Tristan group.

Marcissus congestus, C. B. Cl. Common on south-east side of

island. ‘ Pickbiet.”’

Distribution.—Australia, St. Helena, and Mediterranean region.

100 Annals of the South African Musewm.

N. O. GRAMINACEAE.

Holcus lanatus, Linn.

Distribution.—Europe.

Polypogon monspeliensis, Desf.

Distribution.—Temperate and tropical regions.

Sporobolus indicus, R. Br.

Distribution.—Australia.

Poa pratensis, Linn,

Distribution.—North Temperate Zone.

Agrostis, near A. Bergiana, Trin.

Vulpia bromoides, Gray.

Distribution.—Temperate region.

PTERIDOPHYTES.

Hymenophyllum aeruginosum, Carmich.

Distribution.—Endemic.

Trichomanes tenerum, Spreng.

Distribution.—Tropical America, Mexico, Peru, Brazil.

Adiantum oethiopicum, Linn.

Distribution—Gough and Inaccessible Islands, Africa, Mada-

gascar, New Zealand, Temperate and Tropical Australia, America.

Pteris incisa, Thunb.

Distribution.—Tropical America, Sandwich Islands, Fiji, Java,

Queensland, Himalayas, Ceylon, Mascarene Islands, Cape Colony,

St. Helena, Guinea Coast.

Lomaria alpina, Spreng.

Distribution.—South Brazil, Temperate South America, New

Zealand, Van Diemen’s Land, Alps of South Australia.

Blechum australe, Linn.

Distribution.—South Africa, Madagascar.

Asplenium obtusatum, Forst.

Distribution.—Peru, Chili, Polynesian Islands, New Zealand,

Australia, and the Tristan group.

Al, Sp:

Nephrodiwm molle, Desv.

Distribution.—South America, Himalayas, Hong Kong, New

Zealand, Australia, Mascarene Islands, Cape Colony, Tropical Africa,

Madeira.

N. aquilinum, Hemsl.

Distribution.—Endemic.

A List of Phanerogams and Ferns. 101

Gymnogramme cheilanthoides, Kaulf.

Distribution.—Mauritius.

Acrostichum conforme, Sw.

Distribution.—South America, Sandwich Islands, Fiji, Java,

Queensland, Himalayas, Ceylon, Mascarene Isles, Cape Colony,

St. Helena, Guinea Coast.

A., sp. nr. A. squamosun, Sw.

Dicranium Billardiert, Schwaegyr.

PLANTS WHICH HAVE BEEN RECORDED FROM TRISTAN

DA CUNHA BUT NOT COLLECTED BY MR. KEYTEL.

PHANEROGAMIA.

DICOTYLEDONS.

N. O. RANUNCULACEAE,

Lanunculus, sp.

N. O. CRUCIFERAE.

Cardanune propinqua, Carmich,

Distribution. Endemic.

N. O. CARYOPHYLLACEAE.

Polycarpon tetraphyllum, Linn.

N. O. CoMPosItTAk.

Lagenophora commersonii, Cass.

Distribution.—Temperate South America.

Chevreulia stolonifera, Cass.

Distribution.—Uruguay, Paraguay, Chili.

Gnaphalium pyramidale, Thouars.

Distribution.—Endemic,

Cotula australis, Hook.

Distribution.—Australia, New Zealand.

N.O. CHENOPODIACEAE.

Atriplex plebeja, Carmich.

Distribution.—Endemic ?

102 Annals of the South African Museum.

N. O. CYPERACEAE.

Scirpus Thoursianus, Schult.

var. bicolor, Hemsl.

var. virens, Hemsl.

var. pallescens, Hemsl.

Distribution.—Endemic to Tristan group.

Carex insularis, Carmich.

Distribution.—Endemic to Tristan group.

C. Thouarsit, Carmich.

Distribution.—Endemic.

Uncinia brevicaulis, Thouars.

var. robusta, Hemsl.

var. gracilior, Hemsl.

Distribution.—Endemic.

N. O. GRAMINACEAE.

Spartiua arundinacea, Carmich.

Distribution.—Tristan group, Amsterdam and St. Paul’s Island

Agrostis ranulosa, Carmich.

Distribution.—Endemice.

A. media, Carmich.

Distribution.—Endemic.

Polypogon untermedius, Carmich.

Distribution.— Endemic.

Phlaris caespitosa, Thouars.

Distribution.—Endemice.

PEED OF Ean A:

Lycopodium diaphanum, Swartz.

Distribution.—Endemice.

L, magellanicum, Swartz.

Distribution.—South Temperate Zone.

L. saururus, Lam.

Distribution.— Widely spread.

Lomaria boryana, Spreng.

Distribution.— West Indies, South America, Tropical and South

Africa, Mascarene Islands, Madagascar.

Aspleniwm lunulatum, Swartz.

Distribution.— Widely spread.

A List of Phanerogams and Ferns. 103

A. pyranudatum, Desv. ?

A. monanthemum, Linn.

Distribution.—America, Canaries, Africa.

A. medium, Hook,

Distribution.—Endemice.

Nephrodiwm tomentosum, Desv.

Distribution.—Mascarene Islands, Madagascar.

Aspidium coriaceum, Swartz.

Distribution.— Widely spread.

Polypodium punctatum, Thunb.

Distribution.— Widely spread.

P. australe, Mett.

Distribution.—South Temperate Zone.

Vittaria stricta, Carmich.

Distribution.—Endemic to the Tristan group.

Acrostichum hybridum, Bory.

Distribution.—South America, Africa, Mascarene Islands.

A, succisaefolium, Thouars.

Distribution.—Tristan group and Amsterdam Island.

A. spathulatum, Bory.

Distribution.—Tropical America, South Africa, Ceylon, and

Mascarene Islands.

Ophioglosswm vulgatum, Linn,

Distribution.—Generally diffused.

( 104 )

7.—Descriptions of New Plants from the Gift Berg Collected by the

Percy Sladen Memorial ExpeditionmBy E. P.° Puiciies,

MAL eS.

GERANIACEAE.

Oxalis Lightfootu, Phillips, sp. nov. Stzpes elongatus, paullo

4-angulatus, glaber. Stipulae, 3 mm. longae, ovatae, acuminatae,

glabrae. Folia 3-9-nata ; petiolus, 0-9-2°5 cm. longus; laminae 5 mm.

longae, 8 mm. latae, 3-foliatae. Bracteae 2 mm. longae, lineares.

Calyx 4:5-5 mm. longus; lobi ovato-lanceolati, apice obtusi, glabri.

Corolla 16 mm. longus, glaber; lobi apice obtusi. Ovariwm 2 mm.

longum; stylus 1 mm. longus, teres, glaber ; stigma capitatum.

Cape Region. Van Rhynsdorp Div.: Gift Berg Range, 1-2,000 ft.

Phillips 7601 in Perey Sladen Memorial Expedition to the Khamies-

berg, Gift Berg, and Oliphant’s River Mountains, 1911.

Corms about 2 cm. long and 1:5 cm. wide, covered with long

membranous pubescent tunics which separate. Stems elongated,

somewhat 4-angled, glabrous, leafy. Stipules 3 mm. long, ovate,

acuminate, glabrous. Leaves in groups of 3 to 9, scattered along the

stem; petiole 0-9-2°5 cm. long, pilose; lamina 5 mm. long, 8 mm.

broad, digitately 3-foliate ; leaflets 3-5 mm. long, lobed to below the

middle, pilose below. Bracts 2 mm. long, linear, situated about

half-way up the petiole. lowers axillary, grouped at the end of the

stems. Calyx 45-5 mm. long; lobes ovate-lanceolate, obtuse,

glabrous, with reddish streaks near the apex. Corolla 1:6 cm. long,

glabrous; lobes obtuse. Stamens diplostemonous, connate at the

base ; filaments of longer 6°5 mm. long, pilose; filaments of shorter

5 mm. long, glabrous; anthers oblong. Scales 3:5 long, linear,

obtuse. Gynaecium shortly stalked; ovary 2 mm. long, about

5-ovulate, bearing 1-4 small red bodies above ; styles 1 mm. long,

terete, glabrous; stigma capitate.

Allied to O. bifida, Thunb., from which it is at once distinguished

by the glabrous corolla.

The species is named after Mr. R. M. Lightfoot, of the S.A.

Museum, who accompanied me to the Gift Berg.

Descriptions of New Plants from the Gift Berg. 105

LEGUMINOSAE.

Aspalathus dianthopora, Phillips, sp.nov. /rutex 1-1°5 m. altus.

Ramuli pubescenti vel tomentosi, tandem glabri. Folia 4-9 mm.

longa, teretia, apice apiculata, glabra. Pedunculus 0-4-1 cm. longus,

teres, tomentosus. Bracteae 3 mm. longae, lineares. Calyx cam-

panulatus, glaber; tubus 9 mm. longus; lobi 2°5 mm. longi, apice

acuti. Vexillwum 9 mm. longum, 1 mm. latum, pubescens; alae

7 mm. longae, oblongae, glabrae ; carina 8 mm. longa, apice obtusa,

glaber. Ovariwm circa 5 mm. longum, basi paullo pubescens ; stylus

paullo compressus, apice angustatus, glaber ; stigma capitatum.

Cape Region. Van Rhynsdorp Div.: Gift Berg Range, 1-2,000 ft.

Phillips 7487 in Perey Sladen Memorial Expedition to the Khamies-

berg, Gift Berg, and the Oliphant’s River Mountains, 1911.

A bush 3-4 ft. high. Branchlets pubescent or tomentose, at

length becoming glabrous; bark splitting. Leaves fascicled, 4-9 mm.

long, terete, acutely apiculate, glabrous, tomentose on the leaf

cushion. Flowers pedunculate, 2-nate, yellow. Peduncle 0:4-1 cm.

long, terete, tomentose. Bracts 3 mm. long, linear. Calyx cam-

panulate, glabrous ; tube 9 mm. long ; lobes 2°5 mm. long, triangular,

acute. Vexillwm 9 mm. long, 1 mm. broad, orbicular, subemarginate,

pubescent, with an oblong deeply and broadly channelled claw

2 mm. long; alae shortly clawed, 7 mm. long, rounded above,

glabrous; carina 8 mm. long, obtuse, glabrous, with a linear claw

3 mm.long. Stamens monodelphous. Ovary about 5 mm. long,

2-ovulate, slightly pubescent at the base on the ventral face, otherwise

glabrous; style somewhat compressed, narrowing upwards, glabrous ;

stigma terminal, capitate.

This species differs from A. subulata, Thunb., which it very much

resembles, by the pubescent vexillum.

DROSERACEAE.

Drosera alba, Phillips, sp. nov. Herba acaulescens. Folia

inferne 0-9-1-2 mm. longa, 3 mm. lata, oblanceolata-linearia ; superne

4-5 cm. longa, 1 mm. lata, linearia, apice obtusa, basi angustata.

Pedunculus 5°5 em, longus, teres, glandulosus. obi calyci 3°56 mm.

longi, oblongi, apice obtusi, glandulosi. Petala 7 mm. longa, 6 mm.

lata, obovata vel paullo orbiculata, apice rotunda, basi angustata,

glabra. <Antherae 1:5 mm. longae. Ovariwm 2 mm. longum, ellipti-

cum ; stylus superne divisus; stigma capitatum.

Cape Region. Van Rhynsdorp Div.: Gift Berg Range, 1—2,000 ft.

Phillips 7565 in Perey Sladen Memorial Expedition to the Khamies-

berg, Gift Berg and the Oliphant’s River Mountains, 1911.

106 Annals of the South African Museum.

An acaulescent herb with swollen roots. Radical leaves 0°9-1-2

em. long, 3 mm. broad, oblanceolate-elliptie or oblanceolate-linear,

covered with long glandular hairs ; upper leaves 4°5 cm. long, 1 mm.

broad, linear, obtuse, narrowed at the base, on the lowest quarter

covered with short glandular hairs, otherwise covered with long

glandular hairs. Peduncle 5:5 cm. long, terete, covered with short

capitate glands. Calyx 5-partite; lobes 3°5 mm. long, oblong,

obtuse, glandular with short capitate glands. Corolla segments 7 mm.

long, 6 mm. broad, jobovate or almost orbicular, rounded above,

shortly narrowed at the base, glabrous, white. Stamens 5; anthers

15 mm. long; filaments 2°5 mm. long, linear. Ovary 2 mm. long,

elliptic, unilocular, with parietal placentation ; styles 6, free to the

base, branched above, stigmas capitate.

This species approaches D. pauciflora, Banks, but differs in the

longer and narrower leaves and the white flowers.

FICOIDEAE.

Tetragoma saxatilis, Phillips, sp. nov. fami glabri. Folia 1:2-

2°5 cm. longa, 3-5 mm. lata, oblanceolata, apice obtusa, basi angus-

tata, glabra. Lobi calyci 2°5-3 mm. longi, ovato-elliptici, apice obtusi,

glandulosi. Stamina circa 12; filamenta 1:5 mm. longa; antherae

1 mm. longae. Ovarium 15 mm. longum, obovatum, 4-angulatum,

glandulosum ; stylus 2°5 mm. longus, cylindricus; stigma laterale.

Cape Region. Van Rhynsdorp Diy.: Gift Berg Range 1—2,000 ft.

Phillips 7500 in Perey Sladen Memorial Expedition to the Khamies-

berg, Gift Berg, and Oliphant’s River Mountains, 1911.

Branches glabrous ; the youngest branchlets sometimes covered

with ovate acute membranous scales. Leaves 1:2-2'5 cm. long, 3-5

mm. broad, oblanceolate, obtuse, narrowed at the base, glabrous,

usually with membranous, outgrowths on the narrowed portion.

Inflorescence racemose, 4-6 cm. long; axis glandular. Flowers

solitary or 2-3-nate; pedicels 4 mm. long, terete, glandular. Calyx

4-lobed; lobes 2°5-3 mm. long, ovate-elliptic, obtuse, glandular,

inflated on the inner surface. Stamens about 12; anthers 1 mm.

long, cylindric, versatile; filaments 1:5 mm. long, filiform. Ovary

inferior, 1-5 mm. long, obovate in outline, 4-angled, glandular, one

locular with a single ovule ; style 2°5 mm. long, cylindric; stigmatic

surface lateral running the length of the style.

The fruit of this species has not been seen; the species is closely

allied to T. spicata, L. fil., but is distinguished by the less dense

inflorescence and the smaller flowers.

(107 )

8.—Note on a Leucadendron fownd on the Cape Peninsula.—By

Bi. P. Paros, M.A., F.L.S.

In 1883 MacOwan distributed in the Herbarium Normale Austro-

Africanum, under the number 786, male and female specimens of a

Leucadendron found growing near Wynberg, and which he labelled

Leucadendron virgatum, R. Br. var. Wolley-Dod found the same

plant on the slopes of Miller’s Point (Wolley-Dod, 2924), and last

July while out collecting I took specimens which were growing on

the mountain slopes above Smithwinkel Bay (Phillips in Herb.

Musei Austro-Afric. 4297). Growing intermixed with my No. 4297

were plants of L. salignum, R. Br. (Phillips in Herb. Musei Austro-

Afric. 4298), and there was no difficulty in at once distinguishing

these two plants in the field by their habit’ and general appearance.

I found that in the ‘“ Flora Capensis” * MacOwan 786 and Wolley-

Dod 2924 were quoted as examples of LZ. salignum, R. Br.,

although MacOwan, who also collected LZ. salignum on the Cape

Peninsula (MacOwan in Herb. Norm. Austro-Afric. 787 = Phillips

4298), kept his No. 786 quite distinct, as evidenced by his distribu-

tion labels. This apparent confusion led me to make a detailed

examination of all the specimens in our herbarium, with the result

that I have come to the conclusion that the specimens as represented

by MacOwan 786, Wolley-Dod 2924, and Phillips 4297, are quite

distinct from ZL. salignwm, R. Br., and for which I propose the name

LL. MacOwanit. Mr. J. Hutchinson, who collaborated with me in

working the genus Leucadendron for the ‘‘ Flora Capensis,’”’ and to

whom I sent specimens of my No. 4297, reports: ‘As regards

Phillips 4297 I am a little doubtful. It is exactly equal to MacOwan

786 and Wolley-Dod 2684, which we decided were states of

L. salignum. The female bracts are not so hairy as in the

typical form, but otherwise I think they may be identical or

perhaps a var.”

Leucadendron MacOwanii, Phillips, sp. nov. (Proteaceae-Proteae).

Frutex, 1-15 m. altus. Ramwli villosi vel glabri. Folia 2-4-5 em.

* «« Blora Capensis,”’ vol. v., p. 519.

108 Annals of the South African Museum.

longa, 3-6 mm. lata, linearia vel oblanceolato-linearia, apice

apiculata, basi angustata, glabra vel paullo villosa. Inflorescentia,

3, 05-14 cm. longa, 0°7-1:1 cm. lata; bracteae 3 mm. longae,

lanceolatae, apice obtusae, villosae. Perianthit tubus villosus.

Stylus 3 mm. longus, glaber; stigma 0°75 mm. longum, clavatum

vel ellipticum. Inflorescentia, 9, 1:2-2°3 cm. longa, 0°8-1:4 cm.

lata; bracteae 3°5 mm. longae, 9 mm. latae, glabrae vel inferne

pubescentae. Perianthii segmenta villosa. Stylus 4-5 mm.

longus, linearis, superne ellipticus, apice obtusus ; stigma laterale ;

ovarium 1 mm. longum, trigonum, glabrum. fructus 4 mm.

longus trigonus.

Carr Division.—Near Wynberg, MacOwan im Herb. Norm.

Austro-Afric. 786; slopes of Miller’s Point, Wolley-Dod 2924 ;

mountain slopes above Smithwinkel Bay, Phillips im Herb, Muset

Austro-Afric. 4297.

A bush 3-4 feet high. Branches thinly to densely villous, some-

times almost glabrous. Leaves subequal in the sexes, those

surrounding the inflorescences not perceptibly longer than those on

the remainder of the shoot, and do not form a definite involucre

and are narrowed at the base, 2°5-4°5 cm. long, 3-6 mm. broad,

linear to oblanceolate-linear, produced into a long subulate apex,

narrowed at the base, quite glabrous or sometimes slightly villous

below and with hairy margins. Male inflorescence solitary and

terminal, scattered along the branches on short axillary shoots,

0:5-1'4 em. long, 0:7-1:1 cm. in diameter, ovoid, cylindric or sub-

globose ; bracts 3 mm. long, lanceolate, obtuse, villous. Perianth

tube 1:‘5 mm. long, cylindric, villous; lobes 8 mm. long, spathulate,

obtuse, and incurved at the apex, glabrous. Anthers 1:75 mm.

long, oblong. Style 3 mm. long, filiform, glabrous; stigma 0°75

mm. long, clavate or ellipsoid, emarginate at the apex. Young

female inflorescence 1-2-2°3 cm. long, 0:8-1'4 em. in diameter, ovoid

or ellipsoid, surrounded at the base by an involucre of 4-6 ovate to

ovate-lanceolate obtuse sometimes acuminate glabrous ciliate bracts,

0-7-1 cm. long; floral-bracts 3°56 mm. long, 9 mm. broad, trans-

versely linear-oblong, glabrous or slightly pubescent below. Pervanth-

segments in young flowers 4-5 mm. long, spathulate-linear, rounded

at the apex, the lateral segments densely villous, the anterior and

posterior finely villous. Style 4-5 mm. long, linear, flattened and

broadly elliptic above, obtuse ; stigma lateral on the ventral face of

the broadened upper portion of the style; ovary 1 mm. long,

trigonous, glabrous. frwt 4 mm. long, trigonous, faintly pilose,

Note on a Leucadendron fownd on the Cape Peninsula, 109

black. Fruiting cones 2°5 em. long, 2°5 cm. in diameter, sub-

globose ; bracts glabrous, rounded above, not emarginate.

The following amended description of L. salignum, R. Br., should

take the place of that given in the “ Flora Capensis.”

L. salignum, R. Br. A bush 3-4 feet high. Branches tomentose,

pubescent or glabrous. Leaves subequal in the two sexes, those

surrounding the inflorescences longer than those on the remainder of

the shoot, are widened at the base, usually coloured and form a

definite involucre, 2°5-5°5 cm. long, 2°5-5 mm. broad, linear to

lanceolate-linear, produced into a long subulate apex, slightly

narrowed at the base, silky pubescent with long adpressed hairs on

both surfaces, at length glabrous. Male inflorescence solitary and

terminal, 1-4 cm. long, 1 cm. in diameter, ellipsoid; bracts 2 mm.

long, 1:5 mm. broad above, spathulate or obovate, obtuse, densely

villous. Perianth-tube 2 mm. long, cylindric, glabrous ; lobes 3mm.

long, linear-spathulate, inturned and obtuse at the apex, glabrous.

Anthers 1 mm. long, oblong. Hypogynous scales 1-5 mm, long,

linear. Style 3:5 mm. long, terete, swollen at the base, glabrous ;

stigma 0°75 mm. long, ellipsoid or clavate, obtuse. Young female

inflorescence 1°6 cm. long, 1:2 cm, in diameter, ellipsoid. Bracts

3mm. long, 1 cm. broad, transversely linear-oblong, emarginate at

the apex, tomentose. Perianth-segments cohering, 3 mm. long,

linear, obtuse, glabrous. Style 3 mm, long, linear, flattened, obtuse

and emarginate at the apex, glabrous; stigma lateral; ovary

1:25 mm. long, 1:5 mm. broad, flattened, winged. Hruzt 6 mm.

long, 5 mm. broad, shortly winged, black. Frauzting cone 2-2°5 cm.

long, about 15 cm, in diameter; bracts densely tomentose,

emarginate at the apex.

As to specimens quoted in the ‘“ Flora Capensis,” with the excep-

tion of MacOwan, Herb. Norm. Austro-Afric. 786 and Wolley-Dod

2924, and with the addition of Phillips im Herb. Musev Austro-

Afric. 4298. Mountain slopes above Smithwinkel Bay.

Below is a table with a list of characters which separate the two

species, and by which they are easily distinguished.

L. MacOwanii, Phillips.

1. Branches sometimes villous.

2. Leaves surrounding the inflores-

cences not forming a definite involucre,

narrowed at the base and not percep-

tibly longer than those on the remainder

of the shoot.

L. salignum, R. Br.

1. Branches sometimes tomentose or

pubescent, never villous.

2, Leaves surrounding the inflores-

cences forming a definite involucre,

broadened at the base and perceptibly

longer than those on the remainder of

the shoot.

iG)

LL. MacOwanii, Phillips.

3. Male inflorescences scattered along

the branches on short axillary shoots.

4. Floral-bracts of male flowers

lanceolate, villous with long scattered

hairs.

5. Male perianth-tube villous.

6. Floral bracts of female towers

usually glabrous, sometimes pubescent

below, rounded above.

7. Female perianth-segments villous.

8. Female style broadly elliptic above

and rounded at the apex.

9. Ovary trigonous.

10. Fruit trigonous.

11. Bracts in fruiting cones glabrous

and rounded above,

Annals of the South African Museum.

L. salignum, R. Br.

3. Male inflorescences not scattered

along the branches.

4. Floral bracts of male flowers

obovate or spathulate and densely

villous.

5. Male perianth-tube glabrous.

6. Floral bracts of female flowers

tomentose, emarginate above.

7. Female cla-

brous.

8. Female style flattened above and

emarginate at the apex.

9. Ovary flattened and winged.

10. Fruit compressed and narrowly

winged.

11. Bracts in fruiting cones densely

tomentose, emarginate above.

perianth-segments

eee,

9.—Contributions to the Flora of South Africa. No. 1.—By E. P.

Puinuies, M.A., F.L.S.

CRUCIFERAE.

1. Heliophila Lightfootia, Phillips, sp. nov. Herba 20-30 cm.

alta. Fam infra pubescenti,demum glabri. Folia 1-3-5 cm. longa ;

segmenta linearia, apice obtusa, pubescentia. Jnflorescentia race-

mosa, axillaria vel terminalia. Pedicelus 0-5-1 em. longus, teres,

paullo pubescens. Segmenta calyct 3 mm, longa, oblonga, apice

obtusa, pubescentia. Petala 6°5 mm. longa, 3°5 mm. lata, obovata,

apice rotunda, basi angustata. Mvlamenta 2-2-5 mm. longa, linearia ;

antherae 15 mm. longae, oblongae. Ovariuwm 2°5 mm. longum,

glabrum ; stylus 1 mm. longus, glaber; stigma globosum. Fructus

2-5-3 cm. longus, linearis, glaber.

Van Rhynsdorp Division : Giftberg Range 1—2,000 ft., September.

Phillips 7683 in Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition to the Khamies-

berg, Giftberg, and Oliphant’s River Mountains, 1911.

A herbaceous plant 20-30 em. high, branched from the base.

Stems brownish and pubescent below, otherwise glabrous. Leaves

1-3°5 cm. long, simple or digitately tri-sect ; simple leaves and leaf-

segments linear, obtuse, pubescent. Inflorescence terminal or axil-

lary, racemose, d-12-flowered. Pedicels 05-1 cm. long, terete, scantily

pubescent. Buds ellipsoid, obtuse. Calyx-segments 3 mm. long,

oblong, obtuse, pubescent. Corolla blue, 6°5 mm. long; petals

3°5 mm. broad, obovate, rounded above, narrowed at the base.

Filaments 2-2°5 long, linear; anthers 1:5 mm. long, oblong.

Ovary 2°5 mm. long, terete, glabrous; style 1 mm. long, terete,

glabrous ; stigma globose. Fruit 2-5-3 em. long, linear, sometimes

slightly moniliform, glabrous.

Allied to H.monticolor, Sond., but differs in the stems being

pubescent at the base, the calyx pubescent, and the filaments of the

lateral stamens not toothed.

Named in honour of Mr. R. M. Lightfoot, of the S.A. Museum,

who accompanied me to the Giftberg.

112 Annals of the South African Museum.

2. H. pinnatisecta, Phillips, sp. nov. Herba 10-17 cm. alta. Ranu

suleati, paullo pilosi. Folia 0-6-2 cm.longa, pinnatisecta ; segmenta

0-2-1 cm. longa, linearia, apice obtusa, interdum apice mucronata et

recurva, pilosa. Pedicelus 1:3-1'7 em. longus, paullo pilosus. Seg-

menta calyct 4 mm. longa, oblongo-linearia, pilosa. Petala 6 mm.

longa, 4 mm. lata, obovata, apice rotunda, basi angustata, glabra.

Filamenta 3 mm. longa, linearia, supra angustata, glabra ; antherae

2mm. longae, lineares. Ovariwm 1:5 mm. longum, glabrum; stylus

0°5 mm. longus; stigma capitatum. Fructus 1-1:'7 cm. longus,

15-2 mm. latus, linearis, glaber.

Van Rhynsdorp Division: Giftberg Range, 1—2,000 ft., September.

Phillips 7580 in Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition to the Khanies-

berg, Giftberg, and the Oliphant’s River Mountains, 1911.

A simple or branched herb 10-17 cm. high. Stems furrowed,

scantily pilose. Leaves 0:6-2 cm. long, pinnatisect ; segments 0:2-

1 cm. long, linear, obtuse or sometimes acute with a recurved mucro,

pilose. Inflorescence racemose, terminal or axillary, 2-6 cm. long ;

axis scantily pilose. Pedicels 1°3-1:7 cm. long, elongating in fruit,

scantily pilose. Calyx-segments 4 mm. long, oblong-linear, with a

hyaline wing at the apex, pilose. Petals 6 mm. long, 4 mm. broad,

obovate, rounded above, narrowed at the base, glabrous, pale blue,

drying purple to almost white. Stamens of equal length; filaments

3 mm. long, linear, narrowing above, glabrous ; anthers 2 mm. long,

linear, versatile. Ovary 1:5 mm. long, terete, glabrous ; style 0°5 mm.

long, terete; stigma capitate. Hrwit 1-1:‘7 cm. long, 15-2 mm.

broad, linear, beaked, glabrous.

Near H. sessilifolia, Burch, but differs in being hairy, having

longer pedicels and the corolla pale blue, not white or

yellowish.

3. H. trichinostyla, Phillips, sp. nov. Herba 20-34 cm. alta.

Rami suleati, pilosi. Folia sessilia, 3-9-2 cm. longa, 2-6 mm. lata,

plana, linearia, apice subobtusa, pilosa. Inflorescentia terminalia

vel axillaria. Pedicelus 05-1 cm. longus, pilosus. Segmenta calyct

7 mm. longa, oblonga, apice obtusa sacculataque, pilosa. Petala

8 mm. longa, 5 mm. lata, obovata, apice obtusa, basi angustata,

glabra. Filamenta 5 mm. longa, linearia, glabra; antherae 2 mm.

longae, oblongae, basi sagittatae. Ovarium 4:5 mm, longum, lineare,

glabrum; stylus 2 mm. longus, glaber ; stigma capitatum. Fructus

3-6 cm. longus, 1-1'5 mm. latus, linearis, apice ovatus, sparse

pilosus, raro glaber, superne glandulosus.

Van Rhynsdorp Division: Giftberg Range, 1-2,000 ft., September.

Contributions to the Flora of South Africa. 113

Phillips 7577, 7621 in Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition to the

Khamiesberg, Giftberg, and Oliphant’s River Mountains, 1911.

A sub-simple or branched herb, 20-34 cm. high. Branches

ribbed, pilose with simple hairs 2-3 mm. long. Leaves sessile,

3-9-2 cm. long, 2-6 mm. broad, flat, linear, subobtuse, entire, pilose.

Inflorescence in terminal or axillary racemes, 12~—20-flowered,

elongated in fruit; axis glabrous. Pedicels from 5 mm. long,

elongating in fruit up to 1:5 em. long, pilose. Calyx-segments

7 mm. long, oblong, obtuse, hooded at the apex, pilose. Corolla

blue ; petals 8 mm. long, 5 mm. broad, obovate, obtuse, narrowed

at the base, margins subdentate, glabrous. Stamens all the same

length ; filaments 5 mm. long, linear, glabrous; anthers 2 mm. long,

oblong, sagittate at the base. Ovary 4°5 mm. long, linear, glabrous ;

style 2 mm. long, terete, glabrous ; stigma capitate. Fruit 3-6 cm.

long, 1-1-5 mm. broad, linear, ovate at the apex, scantily pilose, very

rarely glabrous, bearing a number of glandular hairs on the swollen

ovate portion.

Kew reports : ‘‘ Heliophila, n. sp., near H. pilosa, but very distinct

from that and all others at Kew, by the peculiar manner in which

hairs are developed on the swollen apex of the (fruit E.P.P.) style.”’

POLYGALACEHAE.

Muraltia Westi, Phillips, sp. nov. Famulz pilosi, demum pubes-

centi. Folia 5-7 mm. longa, 1-3 mm. lata, spathulata, obovata vel

oblanceolata, apice mucronata recurvaque, glabra, ciliata. Seqmenta

calyct 2 mm. longa, 0°75 mm. lata, elliptico-lanceolata, apice acuta,

glabra, ciliata. Petala 45-5 mm. longa, glabra. Stamina 1°56 mm.

longa. Ovariwm 2 mm. longum, oblongum, supra pilosum; stylus

2:5 mm. longus, linearis, glaber.

Catkin Peak, Drakensberg Range, 8,500-9,400 ft. W. C. West, in

Herb. Musei Austro-Afric., 4555.

Branchlets terete, green, pilose with coarse stiff hairs, at length

becoming dark and pubescent. Leaves 5-7 mm. long, 1-3 mm. broad,

spathulate, obovate or oblanceolate, mucronate, recurved at the apex,

narrowed at the base, flat above, with a distinct midrib below, gla-

brous or almost so except for a few stiff hairs on the midrib, ciliate.

Flowers pink, sessile in the axils of the leaves. Sepals 2 mm. long,

0:75 mm. broad, elliptic-lanceolate, acute, glabrous, ciliate. Lateral

petals 4:5 mm. long, 1 mm. broad, linear, obtuse, glabrous ; lower

petal 5 mm. long, obovate, bifid at the apex, 2-crested; crests

2°5 mm. long, 3 mm. broad, broadly obovate, with crenate margins.

114 Annals of the South African Museum.

Stamens 15 mm. long. Ovary 2 mm. long, oblong in outline,

4-horned, pilose above; style 2°5 mm. long, linear, glabrous;

stigma simple.

Near M. reticulata, Harv., but differs in having much larger

flowers which are not hidden by the subtending leaves.

STERCULIACEAE.

Hermanma pedunculata, Phillips, sp. nov. Swffrutex 10-15 em.

altus. Lamu stellato-pilosi, basi fere glabri. /olia 0-5-1'8 cm. longa,

oblonga, linearia vel raro oblanceolato-linearia, apice truncata, 2-3-

fida, raro apice acuta, basi angustata, paullo stellato-pilosa. Pedun-

culus 65-11 cm. longus, stellato-pilosus. Bracteae 2°5 mm. longae,

ovatae, apice obtusae, stellato-pilosae. Tubws calyct 4 mm. longus 3

limbus 3 mm. longus, ovatus, apice obtusus. Corolla 1 em. longa ;

limbus 6 mm. longus, 4 mm. latus, ovatus, apice obtusus, glaber.

Filamenta 2 mm. longa, oblonga; antherae 2°5 mm. longae, ovatae,

paullo pubescentes. Ovariwm 7 mm. longum, globosum, stellato

pilosum; stylus 4 mm. longus, glaber.

Van Rhynsdorp Division: Giftberg Range, 1-2,000 ft., September.

Phillips 7377, 7379 in Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition to the

Khamesberg, Giftberg, and Oliphant’s River Mountains, 1911.

Small shrwb 10-15 cm. high. Stems compact. Branches terete,

covered with stellate hairs, becoming almost glabrous below. Leaves

0-5-1'8 cm. long, oblong, linear, rarely oblanceolate-linear, truncate,

2-3 toothed at the apex, rarely acute, narrowed at the base, sparsely

covered with stellate hairs. Pedwncles scape-like, 1-3-flowered,

65-11 cm. long, terete, covered with w stellate pubescence. Bracts

2°5 mm. long, ovate, obtuse, pubescent with stellate hairs. Pedzcels

4 mm. long, terete, with stellate pubescence. Calyx membranous,

10-ribbed, with very distinct anastomosing veins when viewed by

transmitted light ; tube 4 mm. long, broadly campanulate, covered

with stellate pubescence ; lobes 3 mm. long, ovate, obtuse, covered

with stellate pubescence. Corolla yellow ; petals clawed, 1 cm.

long; claw 4 mm. long, 2 mm. broad at the widest part, involute,

ciliate above ; hmb 6 mm. long, 4 mm. broad, ovate, obtuse, glabrous.

Stamens lying in the grooves of the ovary; filaments 2 mm. long,

1 mm. broad, oblong, 2-nerved; anthers 2°5 mm. long, erect, ovate,

cells almost quite separate, finely pubescent. Ovary shortly stalked,

7 mm. long, 5 mm. broad, globose, 5-ribbed, densely stellate tomen-

tose; style 4 mm. long, terete, glabrous, arising from between the

upper lobes of the ovary, stigma simple.

Contributions to the Flora of South Africa. 115

Kew reports: “ Very distinct from any species at Kew, in its com-

pact stems and scape-like peduncles.”

GERANIACEAE.

Oxalis fimbriata, Phillips, sp. nov. Herba 4-7 em. alta. ola

3-4 cm. longa; petiolus 2-3 cm. longus, linearis, pilosus; foliala

0-7 cm. longa, superne 07 cm. lata, obcordata, basi angustata,

glabra vel infra paullo pilosa, supra infraque punctata,

ciliata. Pedunculus 4-5 cm. longus, linearis, pilosus; bracteae

3 mm. longae, lineares. Segmenta calyci lanceolata, apice obtusa,

paullo pilosa, ciliata. Petala 1-7 cm. longa, 8 mm. lata, obovata,

apice obtusa, basi angustata. Fvlamenta 5-8 mm. longa; antherae

0°75 mm. longae, oblongae. Ovariwm 2°5 mm. longum; styli 1 mm.

longi, apice fimbriati.

Van Rhynsdorp Division: Giftberg Range, 1-2,000 ft., September.

Phillips 7476, 7478 in Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition to the

Khamiesberg, Giftbergy, and the Oliphant’s River Mountains, 1911.

A small acaulescent herb, 4-7 cm. high. Leaves all radicle, 3—4 cm.

long ; petioles 2-3 em. long, linear, pilose with reflexed hairs; lamina

3-foliate, 0'7 cm. long, 1:3 cm. broad; leaflets 0°7 cm. long, 0-7 cm.

broad above, obcordate, cuneate at the base, glabrous or sparsely

pilose below, punctate above and below, ciliate. Peduncle 4-5 cm.

long, linear, pilose with reflexed hairs; bracts 3 mm. long, linear,

inserted about # up the peduncle. Calyx 6 mm. long; segments

lanceolate, obtuse, sparsely pilose, ciliate. Petals yellow or yellow

and streaked with delicate reddish-brown lines, 1:7 cm. long, 8 mm.

broad, obovate, obtuse, narrowed at the base. Stamens 10; fila-

ments linear-filiform, those of the longer stamens 8 mm. long, those

of the shorter 5 mm. long; anthers 4:75 mm. long, oblong. Ovary

2°5 mm. long; styles 5, free, 1 mm. long, fimbriated above.

This plant was found growing in a damp shaded place between

rocks. Near O. Uitenhagensis, Sond. (Fl. Cap., I., 337), but differs

in having dotted leaves pilose above and beneath.

RUTACEAE.

Huchaetis uniflora, Phillips, sp. nov. Suffrutex circa 0:5 m. altus.

Rami teres, glabri; ramuli pubescenti. olia subsessilia, 0-3-1 cm.

longa, 1 mm. lata, apice mucronata acutaque. lores singuli, ses-

siles. obi calyci lanceolato-elliptici, obtusi, apice minute apiculati,

glabri, infra breve ciliati. Petala 8 mm. longa, supra 3-5 mm. lata,

116 Annals of the South African Museum.

ovato-spathulata, apice obtusa, apiculata, infra ciliata. Stamina

5; filamenta 1:5 mm. longa, glabra; antherae 1:3 mm. longae,

oblongae, apice glandulis instructae. Ovariwm 0°75 mm, longum,

globosum, glabrum; stigma sessile, capitatum. Fructus 3 mm.

longus, glaber.

Riversdale Division: Near Albertina. Dr. J. Muir 899.

An wundershrub about 0-5 m. high. Branches terete, glabrous,

with almost black bark; branchlets pubescent. Leaves scattered,

subsessile, 08-1 cm. long, 1 mm. broad, subulate, concave above,

convex beneath, acutely mucronate, with hyaline margins and two

rows of glands beneath. Flowers terminal and solitary, sessile.

Calyx 4 mm. long, 5-partite; lobes lanceolate-elliptic, obtuse,

minutely apiculate, glabrous, shortly ciliate in the lower half.

Petals 8 mm. long, 3°5 mm. broad above, obovate-spathulate,

obtuse, apiculate, clawed, bearded about the middle third. Stamens

5, fertile; filaments 1:5 mm. long, terete, narrowing above, glabrous;

anthers 1:3 mm. long, oblong, with an erect gland at the apex.

Disc adnate to the calyx. Ovary 0°75 mm. long, globose, glabrous ;

stigma sessile, capitate. Fruit 3 mm. long, glabrous, enclosed in

the persistent calyx.

Allied to E. ericoides, Diimmer, in having solitary flowers, but the

leaves are twice as long and acutely mucronate.

This plant has the appearance of an Acmadenia, but the shape of

the petals, which are not distinctly clawed, and the very short

stamens, would place it in the genus Huchaetis as understood in

the “ Flora Capensis.”’

1. Agathosma Giftbergensis, Phillips, sp. nov. Frutex 20-30 cm.

altus. ami minute pubescenti. Folia subsessilia, 3-6 mm. longa,

1 mm. lata, apice obtusa vel acuta. Injflorescentia umbellata, ter-

minalia vel raro axillaria. Pedicelws 6 mm. longus, teres, glaber.

Lobi calyct 1 mm. longi, ovati, apice obtusi, glabri. Petala 3°5 mm.

longa, circa 1 mm. lata, oblongo-obovata, apice obtusa, basi angus-

tata, glabra. Staminodia 2 mm. longa, linearia, apice obtusa, ciliata.

filamenta 4 mm. longa, teretia, glabra; antherae 0°5 mm. longae,

globosae. Ovariwm 1 mm. longum, obtuse trigonum, glabrum.

Van Rhynsdorp Division : Giftberg Range, 1—2,000 ft., September.

Phillips 7636 in Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition to the Khamies-

berg, Giftberg, and the Oliphant’s River Mountains, 1911.

A small shrub 20-30 em. high. Branches terete, minutely

pubescent. Leaves subsessile, 3-6 mm. long, 1 mm. broad, flat

above, keeled beneath, obtuse or acute, with or without a hair at

the apex. Inflorescence umbellate, terminal or more rarely axillary,

Contributions to the Flora of South Africa. ily

about 12-flowered. Pedicels 6 mm. long, terete, glabrous. Calyx

1:5 mm. long; lobes 1 mm. long, ovate, obtuse, glabrous. Petals

3-5 mm. long, about 1 mm. broad, oblong-ovate, obtuse, narrowed

at the base, glabrous. Sterile filaments 2 mm. long, linear, obtuse,

broadened below, ciliate. Filaments of fertile stamens 4 mm. long,

terete, glabrous; anthers 0:5 mm. long, globose. Disc cup-shaped,

adnate to the calyx. Ovary 1mm. long, obtusely 3-angled, each cell

produced into a blunt fleshy horn, glabrous ; style 3 mm. long,

terete, glabrous ; stigma simple. Fruit not seen.

Near A. microphylla, G. F. Mey, from which it differs by having

glabrous pedicels.

9. A. Muirii, Phillips, sp. nov. Frutex circa 1 m. altus. Ramali

minute pubescenti. Folia breve petiolata; petiolus 0°75 mm. longus,

glaber vel sparse pilosus; lamina 2°5 mm, longa, 2°5 mm. lata, ovata,

apice obtusa, basi subcordata, infra glandulosa, glabra. Inflores-

centia terminalia, umbellata. Pedicelus 3°5 mm. longus. Segmenta

calyci 1:5 mm. longa, 0°75 mm. lata, oblonga, apice obtusa, ciliata.

Petala 3°5 mm, longa, obovata, apice obtusa, infra pilosa. Stamuna

4 mm. longa; staminodia 3 mm. longa, villosa, apice globosis glan-

dulis instructa. Ovariwm 1 mm. longum, subglobosum, glabrum ;

stylus 2 mm. longus, glaber.

Riversdale Division ; Hills above Still Bay. Shrub up to 3 ft. high.

Flowers handsome. Dr. J. Mur 639.

A shrub up to 1 m. high. Branches terete, puberulus. Leaves

shortly petiolate; petiole 0°75 mm. long, glabrous or with a few

scattered hairs; lamina 2°5 mm. long, 2°59 mm. broad, ovate, obtuse,

subcordate at the base, glandular below, glabrous. Inflorescence ter-

minal, umbellate, many-flowered. Pedicels 3:5 mm. long, terete,

glandular ?. Sepals 1-0 mm. long, 0°75 mm. broad, oblong, obtuse,

ciliate. Petals 3°5 mm. long, obovate, obtuse, clawed ; claw pilose.

Fertile stamens 4 mm. long; filaments terete, glabrous, except for

a few hairs near the base; anthers oblong ; sterile stamens 3 mm.

long; filaments linear, villous; anthers abortive, represented by a

globose gland. Disc cupular, the rim inturned and 5-fid. Ovary

1 mm. long, subglobose, 3-celled, with 2 ovules in each cell,

glabrous; style 2 mm. long, terete, glabrous; stigma simple.

Near A. glandulosa, Sond., but differs in having a glabrous style

and ovary.

3. A. rotundipetala, Phillips, sp. nov. Ramuli glabri. Folia sub-

sessilia, 4-5 mm. longa, supra plana vel suleata, infra convexa

vel carinata, apice subobtusa, glabra. Pedicelus 3 mm. longus,

glaber. Segmenta calyct 16 mm. longa, elliptica, apice obtusa,

118 Annals of the South African Museum.

glabra, supra sparse ciliata. Petala unguiculata; limbus 1:3 mm,

longus, 1 mm. latus, orbiculatus, glaber. Staminodia 1 mm.

longa, linearia, apice eglandulosa, inferne ciliata. Stamina 1 mm.

longa; filamenta glabra. Ovarium 0-5 mm. longum, glabrum ;

stylus 1 mm. longus, glaber.

Van Rhynsdorp Division : Giftberg Range, 12,000 ft., September.

Phillips 7537 bis in Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition to the

Khameesberg, Giftberg, and Oliphant’s River Mountains, 1911.

Branches glabrous. Leaves shortly petioled, 4-5 mm. long, flat or

sulcate above, convex or keeled below, subobtuse, glabrous. Flowers

in small terminal umbels. Pedicels 3 mm. long, terete, glabrous.

Calyx segments 1-5 mm. long, elliptic, obtuse, glabrous, with 2-3

cilia in the upper half. Petals abruptly clawed; limb 1:3 mm.

long, 1 mm. broad, orbicular, glabrous. Fertile stamens 5; fila-

ments 1 mm. long, terete, glabrous; anthers 0°75 mm. long, sub-

globose. Sterile filaments 1 mm. long, linear, eglandular, ciliate

near the base. Disc 5-lobed. Ovary 0:5 mm. long, glabrous ; style

1 mm. long, terete, glabrous; stigma simple.

This species is very near A. microphylla, G. F. Mey, var. staden-

sis (EH. & Z. 899), but differs in the sterile filaments being eglandular

at the apex and not widened in the middle; the corolla-limb is

orbicular and abruptly clawed, not oblong and narrowed into a claw.

RHAMNEALH.

Phylica pustulata, Phillips, sp. nov. Frutex 1-13 m. altus.

fanw sparse pilosi. Folia subsessilia, 1-2 cm. longa, linearia, apice

obtusa vel subobtusa, infra sulcata, glabra, pustulata; junioria

interdum pilosa; petiolus 1-2 mm. longus. Inflorescentia sessilia,

1 cm. longa, 1 cm. lata, globosa. Bracteae 3 mm. longae, lineares,

apice obtusae, supra suleatae, villosae. Tubus calyct 3 mm. longus,

superne villosus, inferne glaber; lobi 2°5 mm. longi, ovati, acuminati,

trigoni, apice subacuti, villosi. £%lamenta 0:75 mm. longa, filiformia,

glabra; antherae 1 mm. longae, oblongae. Ovariwm 1 mm. longum,

glabrum; stylus apice paullo trilobatus.

Van Rhynsdorp Division: Giftberg Range, 1-2,000 ft., Sep-

tember. Phillips 7681 in Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition to the

Khamiesberg, Giftberg, and the Oliphant’s River Mountains, 1911.

A bush 1-1:3 m. high. Branches terete, scantily pilose. Leaves

shortly petioled, 1-2 cm. long, linear, obtuse or subobtuse, with a

short blunt mucro, channelled beneath, the younger leaves sometimes

pilose, otherwise glabrous, pustulate; petiole 1-2 mm. long.

Contributions to the Flora of South Africa. ib)

Inflorescence ~ compact spike, sessile, terminal, 1 cm. long, 1 cm.

broad, globose. Sracts 3 mm. long, linear, obtuse, channelled above,

villous; bracteoles similar but smaller. Calyx-tube 3 mm. long,

obconical, villous above, glabrous below ; lobes 2°5 mm. long, ovate,

acuminate, trigonus, subacute, villous outside, glabrous within.

Corolla wanting. Filaments 0°75 mm. long, filiform, glabrous ; ~

anthers 1 mm. long, oblong, curved. Ovary 1 mm. long, glabrous ;

style simple, faintly 3-lobed at the apex. Fyrwit not seen.

Resembles in habit P. stipularis, Linn., but differs by the absence

of stipules. Allied to P. montana, Sond., but differs in having pilose

branches; leaves not tomentose beneath; the calyx villous not

tomentose, and the petals wanting.

ANACARDIACHAE.

Lthus Tysoni, Phillips., sp.nov. Lam pubescenti. Folia petiolata,

2-2°5 cm. longa, petiolus 0:8-1:2 em. longus, pubescens. oliala

0-8-1-7 cm. longa, 0-6-1°3 em. lata, obovata, obovato-cuneata, elliptica

vel obovato-elliptica, mucronata, pubescentia. Lobv calycu 1 mm.

longi, ovati, apice obtusi, pubescentes. fructus 4 mm. latus,

globosus, glaber, rogosus.

Griqualand Hast: In rupestribus apud ‘Sibis Kraal’’ pr.

Matatiele, Jan., 1884, 5,200 ft. Tyson 1628.

Branches terete, pubescent. Leaves petiolate, 2-25 cm. long,

3-foliate. Petiole 0-8-1:2 em. long, terete, pubescent. Median leaflet

1-1:'7 em. long, 0°7-1'3 cm. broad, obovate or obovate-cuneate,

mucronate, acute at the base, pubescent above and beneath ; lateral

leaflets 0'8-1:1 em. long, 6-8 mm. broad, elliptic or obovate-elliptic,

mucronate, not narrowed so much at the base as the median leaflet,

pubescent above and beneath. Inflorescence racemose, terminal or

axillary. Peduncles terete, pubescent. Pedicels 3 mm. long, almost

glabrous. Calyz-lobes 1 mm. long, ovate, obtuse, pubescent.

Corolia and stamens not seen. fruit 4 mm. in diameter, globose,

glabrous, wrinkled when dry.

Near f. glauca, Desf., from which it differs in having pubescent

leaves.

LEGUMINOSAE.

Podalyria Pearsonii, Phillips, sp. nov. Frutex 0-3-1 m. altus.

zamult pubescenti, demum glabri. Folia subsessilia, 0°9-2°5 cm.

longa, 2-7 mm. lata, lanceolata vel elliptico-lanceolata, apice

mucronata recurvaque, raro obovata et apice obtusa, supra glabra,

120 Annals of the South African Musewm.

infra dense pubescentia. Stipulae 2 mm. longae, subulatae.

Flores singuli, terminales vel axillares. Pedunculus 1 cm. longus,

pubescens. Tubus calyci 2 mm. longus, villosus ; lobi 5 mm. longi,

villosi. Vexillum 1:2 cm. longum, 1:8 mm. latum, obovatum,

glabrum ; alae 1-4 cm. longae, 7 mm. latae, oblongo-ovatae, glabrae ;

carina 1‘1 cm. longa, 4°5 mm. lata, glabra. Filamenta 1 cm. longa,

linearia, supra angustata, glabra; antherae 1 mm. longae, oblongae.

Ovarium 5 mm. longum, dense villosum; stylus 5 mm. longus,

teres, superne angustatus ; stigma capitatum.

Van Rhynsdorp Division: Giftberg Range, 1-2,000 ft., September.

Phillips 7486 in Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition to the Kamies-

berg, Giftberg, and Oliphant’s River Mountains, 1911.

Bush 0-3-1 m. high. Branchlets terete, densely pubescent, at

length becoming glabrous. Leaves subsessile, 0°9-2°5 cm. long,

2-7 mm. broad, lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, with a recurved

mucro, rarely obovate and obtuse, glabrous above, densely silky

beneath, the midrib prominent beneath, sunken above. Stipules

2mm. long, subulate. Flowers solitary, terminal, or axillary. Buds

0-8-1 cm. long, ovate or elliptic, subobtuse, villous. Peduncle 1 cm.

long, terete, pubescent. Calyx-tube 2 mm. long, 8 mm. wide,

villous; lobes 5 mm. long, tapering from the base to the apex,

villous. Corolla pink. Vexillwm 2-lobed, 1:2 em. long, 1:8 cm.

broad, obovate, shortly clawed, glabrous; alae 1-4 cm. long, 7 mm.

broad, oblong-obovate, rounded above, shortly clawed and oblique at

the base, glabrous ; carina 1:1 cm, long, 4°5 mm. broad, plano-convex

in outline, oblique and clawed at the base, glabrous. Pilaments

1 cm. long, linear, narrowing to the apex, glabrous; anthers 1 mm.

long, oblong. Ovary 5 mm. long, densely villous, many ovulate ;

style curved, 5 mm. long, terete, narrowing above, villous below;

stigma capitate. /ruit not seen.

Near P. glauca, DC., from which it differs in its more virgate

habit and shorter peduncles.

Named in honour of Dr. H. H. W. Pearson.

Argyrolobium humuile, Phillips, sp. nov. Frutex circa 15 em. altus,

Rami villosi. Petvolus 3-4 mm. longus, villosus. Folzala 0-9-2°3 cm.

longa, 0°5-1'7 cm. lata, elliptica, apice acuta, basi acuta, supra

infraque strigulosa, marginibus villosis. Stzpulae 0-9-1 em. longae,

lanceolatae, acuminatae, apice acutae, strigulosae. Segmenta calyci

lanceolata, apice acuta, membranacea, pilosa. Vexillwm 1:3 cm,

longum, 1°5 cm. latum, ovato-orbiculatum, apice obtusum, strigulosum,

ciliatum ; alae 1-1 cm. !ongae, 6 mm. latae, obovatae, apice obtusae,

glabrae ; carina 9 mm. longa, 5:5 mm. lata, glabra. Stanuna 9 mm.

Contributions to the Flora of South Africa. 121

longa, glabra. Ovariuwm 6 mm. longum, lineare, dense villosum ;

stylus 4 mm. longus; stigma capitatum. Fructus 3:2 cm. longus,

0:5 cm. latus, linearis, brave mucronatus, basi subacutus, pilosus.

Griqualand East: Ad laterum montis Malowe, November, 1885.

4,000 ft. Tyson in Herb. Norm. Austro-Afric., 1259.

A small shrub about 15 cm. high. Branches terete, villous.

Leaves shortly petioled, 3-foliate. Petioles 3-4 mm. long, villous.

Leaflets 0-9-2°3 cm. long, 0°5-1-'7 cm. broad, elliptic, very shortly

acuminate, acute, acute at the base, strigose above and beneath,

villous on the margins. Stipules 0-9-1 cm. long, lanceolate,

acuminate, acute, strigose. Peduncles 1-flowered, terminal or

axillary, 2-5:°5 cm. long, terete, villous. Bracts 3, 5-8 mm. long,

linear, acute. Calyx 1:4 cm. long; segments lanceolate, acute,

membranous, pilose with stiff hairs. Vexillwm 1:3 em. long, 1:5 cm.

broad, ovate-orbicular, obtuse, shortly clawed, strigose, ciliate ;

alae 1-1 cm. long, 6 mm. broad, obovate, obtuse, shortly clawed,

glabrous; carina 9 mm. long, 5°) mm. broad, plano-convex in

outline, glabrous. Stamens 9 mm. long, curved above, glabrous.

Ovary 6 mm. long, linear, densely villous; style 4 mm. long,

curved ; stigma capitate. Fruit 3:2 em. long, 0°5 em. broad, linear,

shortly mucronate, subacute at the base, pilose, 4—5-seeded.

Near A. stipulaceum, E. and Z., but differs in the much smaller

stipules which are not leaf-like.

CAMPANULACEAE.

Lobelia Giftbergensis, Phillips, sp. nov. Herba 10-20 em. alta,

minute§pubescens. Folia 0-8-3 cm. longa, 0-2-1 cm. lata, obovato-

spathulata, apice obtusa, basi angustata, dentata, glabra. Lobi

calyci 2°5 mm. longi, lineares, glabri. Twbus corollae 6 mm. longus;

lobi 3-4 mm. longi, elliptici vel lineares, obtusi vel subacuti, glabri.

Stamina 5mm. longa. Ovariwm 4 mm, longum, oblongum; stylus

6 mm, longus, linearis ; stigma 0°5 mm. longum, ellipticum.

Van Rhynsdorp Division : Giftberg Range, 1—2,000 ft., September.

Phillips 7599 in Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition to the

Khamiesberg, Giftberg, and the Oliphant’s River Mountains, 1911.

A herb 10-20 cm. high, with a simple stem or more rarely

branched at the base. Stems, as seen under a lens, minutely pubes-

cent. Leaves 08-3 cm. long, 0-2-1 cm. broad, obovate-spathulate,

obtuse, attenuate at the base, dentate, glabrous. Inflorescence a lax

raceme of 6-12 flowers. Floral-leaves 8 cm. long, linear, obtuse,

dentate. Pedicels 0-8-2 em. long, filiform-terete, glabrous. Calyz-

122 Annals of the South African Musewmn.

lobes 2°5 mm. long, linear, glabrous. Corolla blue with a white lip,

drying purple, 1:1 cm. long; tube 6 mm. long, glabrous; lobes of

upper lip 3 mm. long, elliptic, obtuse, glabrous; lobes of lower lip

4 mm. long, linear, subacute, glabrous. Stamens adnate to the

corolla-tube ; filaments 5 mm. long, linear; anthers 1 mm. long,

oblong, the lower 2 bearded. Ovary 4 mm. long, oblong in outline ;

ovules numerous ; style 6 mm. long, linear, slightly narrowed at the

base; stigmas 0°5 mm. long, elliptic.

Allied to L. Dregeana, A.DC., but differs in having smaller flowers

and a different-shaped calyx.

SCROPHULARIACEAE.

Diascia glandulosa, Phillips, sp. nov. Herba 10-21 em. alta.

Rami subangulati, infra glabri, supra glandulosi. Folia 0-6-3-5 em.

longa, elliptica, lanceolata vel linearia, apice obtusa, glabra.

Inflorescentia racemosa, 2-8-flore. Bracteae 5-6 mm. longae,

lineares, apice obtusac, glandulosae. Pedicelus 0-6-2 cm. longus,

glandulosus. Segmenta calyci 4 mm. longa, oblonga vel elliptico-

oblonga, apice obtusa, dense glandulosa. Corolla 2 em. lata, basi

2-saccata, superne villosa. Stamina 4; filamenta 2 mm. longa.

Ovariwm 1:5 mm. longum, ovatum, glabrum; stylus 0-5 mm. longus;

stigma truncatum. Fructus 6 mm. longus, 7°5 mm. latus, ovatus,

sparse glandulosus.

Var. 8, albiflora, Phillips, var. nov. Corolla inferne ex rubro

palleus superne alba, lacinia fusca.

Van Rhynsdorp Division : Giftberg Range, 1-2,000 ft., September.

Phillips 7358 in Percy Sladen Memorial Hxpedition to the Khamies-

berg, Giftberg, and the Oliphant’s River Mountains, 1911. Var. Sylar

Phillips 7359.

A small herb, 10-21 cm. high, rarely branched at the base. Stems

somewhat angular, glabrous below, with a few scattered capitate

glands above, bearing 1-3 pairs of opposite leaves. Radicle leaves

1-2-3°5 cm. long, 3-5 mm. broad, elliptic, lanceolate or linear, obtuse,

entire or remotely toothed ; cauline leaves 0:6-3°5 em. long, 1-2 mm.

broad, linear, obtuse, entire or remotely toothed, glabrous. Flowers

in terminal racemes; racemes 2-8-flowered ; axis bearing capitate

glands. Bracts 5-6 mm. long, linear, obtuse, bearing capitate glands.

Pedicels 06-2 cm. long, glandular. Calyx-segments 4 mm. long,

oblong or elliptic-oblong, obtuse, densely glandular. Corolla when

flattened out 2 cm. wide; anterior lip truncate, produced into two

pouches at the base, villous inside; lobes of the posterior lip 8 mm,

Contributions to the Flora of South Africa. 123

long, 5° mm. broad, oblong, obtuse. Stamens 4; filaments 2 mm.

long, spirally coiled near the base, glabrous. Ovary 1-5 mm. long, ovate

in outline, glabrous ; style 0°5 mm. long; stigma truncate. Fruit

6 mm. long, 7°5 mm. broad, ovate in outline, almost truncate above,

with the persistent style situated in a depression, scantily glandular,

This pretty little plant was found growing on bare patches. The

corolla is a claret colour outside, blue inside with a dark blotch on

the anterior lip.

Var. 2, albiflora. The corolla is pinkish outside, white inside,

with a dark blotch on the lip, otherwise as in the type. Only a

single specimen of the variety was found, though the locality was

well searched for further specimens.

In the same collection was a single plant (Phillips 7368) with

unopened flowers. In the field I took this to be different to my

No. 7358, and noted ‘corolla reddish brown, lip dark blue. Rare.”

But it is probably = No. 7358 with unopened flowers, as suggested

by Mr. N. E. Brown.

Manulea glandulosa, Phillips, sp. nov. Herba acaulescens. Folia

3-6 cm. longa, 2-5 mm. lata, linearia, apice obtusa, basi attenuata,

glandulosa. Pedunculus 40-60 cm. longus, teres, basi glandulosus,

demum glaber. Inflorescentia 2-16 mm. longa. Bracteae 2 mm.

longae, lineares, apice obtusae, glabrae. Twbus calyci 1 mm. longus,

5-costatus ; lobi 1-5 mm. longi, lineares, apice obtusi. Tubus

corollae 1 em. longus, eylindricus, glandulosus ; lobi 5 mm. longi,

1-1°5 mm. lati, lineares, apice obtusi, supra glabri, infra glandu-

losi. Ovarium 1 mm. longum, ellipticum, glabrum ; stylus 3-5 mm.

longus, glaber. Fructus 5 mm. longus, ellipticus, apice acutus,

glaber.

Van Rhynsdorp Division: Giftberg Range, 1-2,000 ft., September.

Phillips 7357, 7366 in Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition to the

Khaniesberg, Giftberg, and the Oliphant’s River Mountains, 1911.

An acaulescent herb, with an underground woody rootstock.

Leaves rvadicle, 3-6 cm. long, 2-5 mm. broad, linear, obtuse, long

attenuated at the base, entire or more or less toothed in the upper

half, glandular. Pedwncles 40-60 cm. long, terete, naked or with

2-3 subulate bracts, glandular near the base or otherwise glabrous.

Inflorescence a thyrsoid panicle, 2-16 cm. long. Flowers solitary or

in clusters of 2-5. Bracts 2 mm. long, linear, obtuse, glabrous.

Calyx subcampanulate, glabrous; tube 1 mm. long, prominently

5-ribbed; lobes 1:5 mm. long, linear, obtuse. Corolla orange-

coloured; tube 1 cm. long, cylindric, slightly swollen above,

glandular; lobes 5 mm. long, 1-1°5 mm. broad, linear, obtuse,

124 Annals of the South African Musewn.

revolute, glabrous above, glandular beneath. Stamens didynamous,

the lower pair situated on the broadened portion of the corolla;

filaments 0°75 mm. long; anthers about 1 mm. long, oblong. Ovary

1 mm. long, elliptic in outline, glabrous; style 3:5 mm. long, terete,

glabrous ; stigma terminal. Fruit 5 mm. long, ellipsoid, acute,

glabrous.

Kew reports as “‘ near M. leiostachys, Benth.,”’ but is distinguished

from that species by the glandular leaves, calyx, and corolla.

SELAGINEAE.

1. Hebenstreitia glandulosa, Phillips, sp. nov. Herba 6-16 cm.

alta. Ran glanduloso-pubescenti. olia sessilia, 1°4 cm. longa,

1-4 mm. lata, linearia, apice obtusa, glabra vel sparse glandulosa.

Inflorescentia spicata, terminalia, 2-5 cm. longa. SBracteae 8 mm.

longae, ovatae, acuminatae, apice obtusae, glanduloso-villosae.

Segmenta calyct 3:5 mm. longa, linearia, ciliata. Corolla 9-11 mm.

- longa, glabra; tubus cylindricus; lobi 1:5 mm. longi, oblongi, apice

obtusi. Filamenta 0°75 mm. longa, glabra; antherae 1:5 mm.

longae, lineares. Ovariwm 1 mm. longum, oblongum, glabrum ;

stylus 5 mm. longus, teres, glaber. Fructus 2 mm. longus,

oblongus, truncatus, glaber.

Van Rhynsdorp Division: Giftberg Range, 1—-2,000 ft., September.

Phillips 7355 in Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition to the Khamies-

berg, Giftberg, and the Oliphant’s River Mountains, 1911. Clan-

william Division: In arvenosi Sandkop et in mte. Ramskop.

June-August. C. L. Leipoldt 557.

Simple or branched herbs, 6-16 cm. high. Stems terete, glandular-

pubescent. Leaves sessile, 1-4 cm. long, 1-4 mm. broad, linear,

rarely broadening above, obtuse, glabrous or with a few scattered

glandular hairs, entire or rarely with 1-3 small teeth. Inflorescence

spicate, terminal, 2-5 cm. long, many-flowered. Bracts 8 mm. long,

ovate, long acuminate, obtuse, villous with glandular hairs. Calyx

segments 2, 3°5 mm. long, linear, ciliate. Corolla white, 0°9-1:1 mm.

long, split down to below the middle, glabrous; tube cylindric ;

lobes 1°5 mm. long, oblong, obtuse, the 2 middle lobes narrower

than the lateral. Stamens 4, didynamous ; filaments 0°75 mm. long,

glabrous ; anthers 1‘5 mm. long, linear, versatile. Ovary 1 mm.

long, oblong, glabrous; style 5 mm. long, terete, glabrous; stigma

minute, terminal. Frwit 2 mm. long, oblong, truncate, glabrous.

Near H. pubescens, Rolfe, but differing by its very much smaller

flowers.

Contributions to the Flora of South Africa. 125

2. H. laxifolia, Phillips, sp. nov. Herba 20-30 cm. alta. Rami

glanduloso-pubescenti. Folia laxa, 1:3-4:5 cm. longa, 0°5-1 mm.

lata, linearia, apice obtusa, glabra. Inflorescentia spicata, cylindrica,

4-8 cm. longa, circa 1 cm. lata. Bracteae calyce adnatae, 7 mm.

longae, ovatae, acuminatae, apice acutae, glanduloso-pubescentae.

Calyx 5 mm. longus, ovatus, apice obtusus, membranaceus, glaber.

Corolla 1:2 em. longa, glabra; lobi 1:5-2 mm. longi, oblongi, apice

obtusi. Stamina 1 mm. longa; filamenta, glabra. Ovariuwm 1 mm,

longum, glabrum; stylus 3-5 mm. longus, linearis, glaber; stigma

parvum.

Van Rhynsdorp Division : Giftberg Range, 1—2,000 ft., September.

Phillips 7356 in Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition to the Khamies-

berg, Giftberg, and the Oliphant’s River Mountains, 1911.

A simple herb, 20-30 cm. high. Stems terete, glandular-pubescent.

Leaves opposite or subopposite below, alternate above, lax, 1:3-

4-5 cm. long, 0°5-1 mm. broad, linear, obtuse, glabrous ; internodes

2-2°5 cm. long below. Inflorescence spicate, terminal, cylindric,

4-8 cm. long, about 1 cm. in diameter. Bracts adhering to the

calyx, 7 mm. long, ovate, acuminate, acute, glandular-pubescent,

with membranous margins. Calyx spathaceous, 5 mm. long, ovate,

obtuse, membranous, glabrous. Corolla white with a yellow blotch

in the throat, 1:2 cm. long, split down to below the middle, glabrous;

lobes 1:5-2 mm. long, oblong, obtuse, the outer pair broader than

the inner. Stamens didynamous; filaments 1 mm. long, oblong.

Ovary 1 mm. long, oblong, glabrous; style 3°5 mm. long, linear,

glabrous; stigma small, terminal.

Near H. dentata, Linn., but the leaves much more lax.

IRIDACEAE.

Syringodea linifolia, Phillips, sp. nov. folia 4-12 cm. longa,

15-3 mm. lata, linearia, apice acuta, glabra. Tubus perianthia

angustato-cylindricus, 4-5 em. longus; lobi 2-5 cm. longi, elliptici,

apice subobtusi. vlamenta 5 mm. longa, linearia; antherae 6 mm.

longae, lineares, basi sagittatae. Ovariwm 9 mm. longum, 4 mm.

latum, oblongum ; stylus 5:5 cm. longus; rami 3 mm. longi, lineares,

apice glandulosi.

Without Collector’s name or locality in Herb. Musev Austro-Afric.

(This may possibly be one of Lezpoldt’s specimens from Clanwilliam.

—E. P. P.)

Bulb not seen. Plant about 7 cm. high. Leaves 6-8, 4-12 cm.

126 Annals of the South African Musewn.

long, 1-5-3 mm. broad, linear, acute, membranous and clasping at

the base, prominently 5-nerved, glabrous, the margins membranous

near the base and sometimes crisped. Perianth 6 cm. long; tube

narrow-eylindric, 4°55 cm. long; lobes 2°5 em. long, elliptic, sub-

obtuse. Fvlaments 5 mm. long, linear ; anthers 6 mm. long, linear,

sagittate at the base. Ovary 9 mm. long, 4 mm. broad, oblong,

membranous ; style 5-5 em. long, linear-filiform ; style-branches

3 mm. long, linear, slightly broadened above, papillose at the

apex.

Quite distinct from any other species in the genus.

AMARYLLIDACEAE.

Nerine Ridleyi, Phillips, sp. nov. Cormus 3-4 cm. longus, 3-4

cm. latus, superne attenuatus. folia 7-9 cm. longa, 1:3-2 em. lata,

lanceolata, apice obtusa, basi angustata, supra pustulata, glabra.

Pedunculus cirea 23 cm. longus, 3 mm. latus, glaber. Pedicelus

3-4 cm. longus, 1°5 mm. latus, subtrigonus. Segmenta perianthii

3 cm. longa, 5 mm. lata, linearia, apice subobtusa recurvaque.

Filamenta 2-25 cm. longa; antherae 6 mm. longae, oblongae.

Ovarium 3 mm. longum, globosum; stylus 3°3 cm. longus, apice

glandulosus,

Described from a fresh specimen cultivated in the Municipal

Gardens, Cape Town, May, 1913. Locality unknown.

Bulb globose, 3-4 em. long, 3-4 cm. in diameter, produced into a

neck about 4 cm. long, covered with brown membranous tunics.

Leaves 4-5, contemporary with the flowers, 7-9 cm. long above

the neck, 1:3-2 cm. broad in the widest part, lanceolate, obtuse,

narrowed at the base, pustulate above, glabrous, dark green above,

lighter beneath. Peduncle about 23 cm. long, 3 mm. in diameter,

terete, glabrous, purplish below, becoming green above. Spathe

valves 3 cm. long, linear-oblong, acuminate, acute, pink. lowers 5,

diclinate. Pedicels 3-4 cm. long, 1:5 mm. in diameter, sub-

trigonous. Perianth segments about 3 cm. long, 5 mm. broad,

the two anterior segments much wider apart than the others,

linear, subobtuse, recurved, crisped, with a small glandular

papilla at the apex, pale pink, with a prominent midrib beneath

of usually a slightly deeper pink, and with a distinct red streak

on the lower half of the inner face of the segments. Stamens

unequal, almost horizontal, recurved upwards at the ends ; filaments

of shorter stamens 2 em. long, those of the longer 2°5 cm. long, all

Contributions to the Flora of South Africa. 127

terete, pale pink; anthers 6 mm. long, oblong, purplish. Ovary

3 mm. long, globose, brown; style horizontal, recurved above,

3°3 cm. long, terete, pale pink, when mature 3-fid and papillose

at the apex.

Near N. flexuosa, Herb., but differs in the much shorter and

comparatively broader leaves and the fewer flowers in the umbel.

Named in honour of Mr. G. H. Ridley, the Curator of the

Municipal Gardens, Cape Town.

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10. List oF THE PLANTS COLLECTED IN THE PERCY SLADEN MEMORIAL

Expepirions, 1908-9, 1910-11, SeprempeEr, 1911, CONTINUED.

Note on the localities visited by the Percy Sladen Memorial Expedi-

tion to the Khamiesberg, Giftberg, and Oliphant’s River Mountains,

September, 1911.—By H. H. W. Prarson.*

Puants collected during the expedition referred to in the title have

not been included in the parts already published. Those of them

which belong to the groups which follow will appear in their proper

places, with those collected elsewhere in South-West Africa, south of

the Swakop River.

The Khamiesberg is situated in Little Namaqualand. Its length

from north to south is approximately 50 miles; its breadth is con-

siderably less. Its southern end lies in the vicinity of Stinkfontein

(south) and in the north it terminates a little south of Springbok.

Its eastern boundary lies in Bushmanland; while in the west it

drops into the narrow maritime sandbelt. The principal vegetative

season occurs in August and September at the end of the period

of winter-rains. Many of its plants, however, do not flower until

the summer is advanced; a number of these were collected on the

return of the expedition from the Orange River in January, 1911.+

A number of its higher peaks reach an elevation exceeding 6,000 ft. ;

the greatest elevation attained is about 6,500 ft. The foothills of

the Khamiesberg effect a junction in the south with the western

extension of the Langeberg, to the south of which there lies the low,

undulating and almost waterless ‘“‘ Knechtsvlakte,’’ about 50 miles

from north to south. The Matsiekamma tableland, about 2,000 ft,

s.m., an eastern branch of the Giftberg, is structurally connected

with the Bokkeveld and Oliphant’s River Mountains. We have,

therefore, in the Oliphant’s River Mountains and the Giftberg,

northern continuations of the mountains of the Cape System, so

situated that their floras are likely in greater or less degree to be

* Report of the Perey Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

No. 28.

+ Annals S.A. Museum, ix., p. 22.

130 Annals of the South African Museum.

modified by incursions from the Western Karroo and the Upper

Region. The Khamiesberg, on the other hand, has no direct union

with the Cape System—from which it is separated by the barren

Knechtsvlakte—and its connection with the eastern tableland is by

way of Bushmanland and the Upper Region.

In the Bokkeveld, the Matsiekamma and the Oliphant’s River

Mountains, the main outcrop is Table Mountain sandstone. There-

fore both climatic and edaphic conditions in general favour the

development of the Cape flora. The structure of the Khamiesberg,

however, is very different and is less well known. I am indebted

to my friend Dr. A. W. Rogers, F.G.S., for the following note on

its geology :—

‘The Khamiesbergen are made of gneiss, with quite subordinate

masses of schists and granitites representing sedimentary and

voleanic rocks in a highly altered condition. The general trend of

the foliation and schistose structures is from east to west. These

very ancient (archean) rocks have long been stripped of sediments

of later date (Nama formation and the Karroo beds) which probably

covered them formerly. It is quite uncertain whether the Cape

formation also extended as far north-west as the Khamiesbergen.

From a physical point of view, the region is a westerly extension of

the Bushmanland plateau, deeply cut into by the streams which

flow directly into the Atlantic or join the Buffels and Oliphant’s

Rivers.”

The occurrence of a pronounced element of Cape affinity at higher

elevations in the Khamiesberg is therefore a matter of some

geographical interest. It is even more remarkable than the presence

of characteristic Cape genera on the Huilla plateau in South Angola ;

for the latter locality is geologically much more nearly allied to the

mountains of the Cape System and its rainfall is probably much

greater.

The distribution of the collecting parties was as follows: Miss R.

Glover and Miss E. L. Stephens worked in the valley of the

Oliphant’s River in the vicinity of the Warm Baths springs. Mr.

K. P. Phillips encamped and collected on the flat summit of the

Matsiekamma. The writer crossed the Knechtsvlakte to the north

of Van Rhynsdorp and visited various localities in the Khamies-

berg, between 2,000 and 6,000 ft.

In this, as in the previously issued part, many of the deter-

minations could not have been made in South Africa without the

kind co-operation of the Director and Staff of the Royal Botanic

Gardens, Kew, which I gratefully acknowledge. In the study of

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 131

the Khamiesberg flora I have received very valuable assistance

from the Rev. W. M. Crampton, until recently in charge of the

Wesleyan Mission Station at Leliefontein.

ERICACEAE.*+

By Louisa Bolus.

1, ERICA.

1. H. Petiveri, Linn., Diss. Erica, 50; Mant. alt. 235.

Cape: Top‘of Oliphant’s River Mts., behind Warm Baths, 7309,

7041.

2. H. Plukenets, Linn., Sp. Pl., ed. i., 356.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2,000 ft., 7587. Khamiesberg: Elliottsberg,

7691. Upper western and upper southern slopes of Sneeuwkop,

5830. South-western slopes of Vogelklip, near the summit, 5929.

3. H. curviflora, Linn., var. 3, Burchell, Bolus, in Fl. Cap., iv.,

S Tope Oat idle

Cape: Bed of Oliphant’s River, near Warm Baths.

4. KH. dilatata, Wendl. fil., ex Benth., in DC., Prodr., vii., 656.

Khamiesberg: Lower middle western slopes to summit of

Sneeuwkop, 5827. :

This is a most interesting rediscovery. Hitherto the species has

been known only from what is probably a garden plant in the Berlin

Herbarium, and a coloured drawing in Wendland’s ‘Icones,”’ pub-

lished in 1823. Its habitat was quite unknown, and the advent of

the fine collection from the Sneeuwkop not only elucidates what had

long been obscure but allays the anxiety of those who feared the

species had become extinct.

5. H. caffra, Linn., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, 353.

Cape: Growing below waterfall, Giftberg, 1-2,000 ft., 7589.

6. EH. bicolor, Thunb., Diss. Erica, 36.

Cape : Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths, 7047.

* Report of the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

No. 29.

+ Contributed from the Bolus Herbarium, South African College.

132 Annals of the South African Museum.

7. E. verecunda, Salisb., in Trans. Linn. Soc., vi., 379.

Khamiesberg: Beaem Hill, 2 miles south-east of Leliefontein

5,400 ft., 6355.

8. H. quadrangularis, Salisb., Prodr., 297.

Cape: Foothills Cold Bokkeveld Mts., opposite Warm Baths,

Oliphant’s River Valley, 7043. Common on banks of stream, Gift-

berg, 7591. Growing in a large patch on path from Snortfontein

Farm to Doorn River, Giftberg, 7590.

9. H. brumades, Linn., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, 354.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2,000 ft., 7586.

10. H. imbricata, Linn., Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 503.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2,000 ft., 7588.

1l. E. calycina, Linn., Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 507.

Khamiesberg: Elliottsberg, 7690.

12. HE. lucida, Salisb., in Trans. Linn. Soc., vi., 337.

Cape: Foothills Cold Bokkeveld Mts., opposite Warm Baths,

Oliphant’s River Valley, 6898.

13. E. cristaeflora, Salisb., var. (3, blanda, Bolus, in FI. Cap., iv., § 1,

pail:

Cape: Summit of Oliphant’s River Mts. behind Warm Baths,

7048.

2. EREMIA.

1. EH. totta, Don, in Edinb. New Phil. Journ., xvii., 156, and Gen.

Syst., lii., 828.

Cape : Near summit Oliphant’s River Mts., above Pickenier’s Pass,

5124. Summit of Oliphant’s River Mts., behind Warm Baths, 6891,

7038.

3. GRISEBACHIA.

1. G. velleriflora, Klotzsch, in Linnaea, xii., 227.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Valley, along road from Warm Baths to

Modderfontein, 7042.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 133

2. G. Dregeana, Benth., in DC., Prodr., vii., 701.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2,000 ft., 7585.

Previously known only from a collection of Drege, without

locality.

4, SIMOCHEILUS.

1. S. bicolor, Benth., in DC., Prodr., vii., 703.

Cape: Summit of Oliphant’s River Mts., behind Warm Baths,

6858. Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths, 7046,

7045, 7040, 7039. On road from Snortfontein Farm to Doorn River,

Giftberg, 1-2,000 ft., 7584.

5. SCYPHOGYNE.

1. S. glandulifera, N. E. Brown, in FI. Cap., iv., § 1, p. 411.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Valley, near Warm Baths, 7780.

OLEACEAE.*t

By Lowisa Bolus.

1. OLEA.

1. O. verrucosa, Link, Enum. Hort. Berol., i., 33.

Cape: Common on eastern side of Pickenier’s Pass, 2,000 ft.,

5226, 5153. Namaqualand: Common on middle granite slopes a

little north of Middlekraal, 5669. High up on slopes of Rattelpoort

Mt., 2966.

2. JASMINUM.

1. J. glaucum, Ait., Hort. Kew, ed. 1, 1., 9.

Cape: Dry river-bed at outspan, Hex River, 5271.

3. MENODORA.

1. M. juncea, Harv., Gen. S. Afr. Pl., ed. 2, 220.

Namaqualand: In steep kloof on south-western side of mountain,

3 miles north-east from Stinkfontein, 5639.

* Reports of the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

No. 30.

+ Contributed from the Bolus Herbarium, South African College.

134 Annals of the South African Museum.

MYOPORINEAE.*+

By Louisa Bolus.

OFTIA.

1. O. africana, Bocq., ex Baill. Adansonia, u1., 11.

Cape: Near Warm Baths, Oliphant’s River Valley, 7257, 6881.

Sand near outspan, top of Pickenier’s Pass, 5112. On sanddunes at

foot of Giftberg on western side, Doorn River Bridge, 5394. Karroo:

Between Karroopoort and Zoutpansdrift, 2,000 ft., 5014.

2. O. revoluta, Bocq., ex Baill. Adansonia, ii., 12.

Khamiesberg: Upper and lower plateau, south-eastern slopes

Vogelklip, 5919. On southern slopes of Sneeuwkop, 5859. Lower

middle western slopes of Sneeuwkop, 5779. Beaem Hill, 2 miles

south-east of Leliefontein Mission Station, 6357. Namaqualand :

Northern slopes of ridge opposite Klipfontein, 5956.

MY RSINEAE*}.

By Lowsa Bolus.

MYRSINE.

‘1. M. africana, Linn., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, 196.

Cape: Foothills of Cold Bokkeveld Mts., opposite Warm Baths,

Oliphant’s River Valley, 7314. Foot of Oliphant’s River Mts., near

Warm Baths, 7308.

PRIMULACEAE.*+

By Lowsa Bolus. .

1. ANAGALLIS.

1. A. arvensis, Linn., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, 148.

Cape: Stream-bed at Leeuwfontein, 3195.

* Reports of the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

Nos. 31, 32.

+ Contributed from the Bolus Herbarium, South African College.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 135

2. SAMOLUS.

1. S. Valerandi, Linn., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, 171.

Cape: Attis River-bed, in damp spots, 5385. Namaqualand:

Damp ledges overhanging brak water-pools, south bank of Orange

River near Bethany Drift, 6095.

LOGANIACEAE.*+

By Louisa Bolus.

i GOMPHOSTIGINIA.

1. G. scoparioides, Turez., in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose., xvi., 53.

Cape: Dry river-bed, Doorn River Bridge, 5401, Bushmanland :

Wet mud, Orange River, near Abbasis, 2994.

2. BUDDLEIA.

1. B. salvifolia, Lam., Encycl., i., 513.

Khamiesberg : Lower and middle slopes Sneeuwberg, 5806.

LAURINEAKE.*+

By Lowsa Bolus.

CASSYTHA.

1. C. ciliolata, Nees, Syst. Laur., 646.

Cape: Summit of Oliphant’s River Mts., behind Warm Baths,

7259.

BIGNONIACEAE.*+

By Louisa Bolus and EH. P. Phillips.

1. CATOPHRACTES.

1. C. Alexandri, D. Don, in Ann. Nat. Hist., ii. (1839), 375.

Great Namaqualand: Holoog, 4129. Dry water-courses near

Grindoorn, 3146.

* Reports of the Perey Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

Nos. 33, 34, 35, 36.

+ Contributed from the Bolus Herbarium, South African College.

136 Amnals of the South African Musewmn.

2. RHIGOZUM.

1. R. obovatum, Burch., Trav., i., 389.

Great Namaqualand: Kopje between Dabaigabis and Griindoorn,

4,200 ft., 3155.

2. Ff. trichotomum, Burch., Tray., i., 299.

Great Namaqualand: Common on banks of dry river-course,

20 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 2,400 ft., 4537. Bushmanland:

Pella, 2595, 3547. Stony ground near outspan at Groot Rozynbosch,

2,800 ft., 3830, 3839. Common in patches on sand between

Wortel and Dabainoris, 3035.

PEDALINACEAE,*+

By Lowisa Bolus.

1. HARPAGOPHYTUM.

1. H. procumbens, DC., Prodr., ix., 257.

Great Namaqualand: Sand dunes Sandverhaar, 4436. Dry sand

25 km. North of Warmbad, 4466, 4364.

2. ROGERIA.

1. BR. longiflora, J. Gay, in Ann. Sc. Nat., lre sér.i., 457.

Bushmanland: Sandy river-bed leading down to Orange River,

4074.

3. SESAMUM.

1. S. capense, Burm. fil., Fl. Cap., Prod., 17.

Great Namaqualand: Banks of dry stream-bed on flat 12 km.

West of Sandverhaar, 4349. Sandy plain North of Schakalskuppe

Station, 4224. Sandy plains 25 km. North of Warmbad, 4289.

At base of kopje on sandy plain about 30 km. South of Griindoorn,

3,900 ft., 4551. Middle slopes of kopje above pass leading down

to Griindoorn, 4349.

* Report of the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

No. 37.

+ Contributed from the Bolus Herbarium, South African College.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 137

DIPSACEAE.*+

By Louisa Bolus.

SCABIOSA.

1. S. Columbaria, Linn., Sp. Pl., 143.

Cape: Damp spots southern aspect above Pickenier’s Pass,

2,000 ft., 5176. Roadside between Hottentots’ Kloof and Karroo-

poort, 4816. Khamiesberg: In dense vegetation in river-bed

Khamiesberg plateau, 6247. Dry stream bed south-eastern slopes

of Sneeuwkop above Modderfontein, 5876. Among low bushes in

lst plateau Vogelklip, 5938. Namaqualand: Northern slopes of

Rietkloof Mts., 2,600 ft., 5711.

APOCYNACEAE.*}|

By Lowsa Bolus.

CARISSA.

1. C. Ardwina, Lam., Encyel., i., 555.

Namaqualand : Middle southern slopes TcAlee Mts., 6020, 6143.

NYCTAGINEAE.*}

By Lowisa Bolus.

1. BOKERHAAVIA.

1. B. repens, var. diffusa, Hook f., Fl. Brit. Ind., iv., 709.

Great Namaqualand: Buchholzbrunn, 3664, 3046. Prostrate in

sand, bed of Fisch River at Seeheim, 2,300 ft., 3724. Schaf River-

bed, Seeheim, 3732.

* Reports of the Perey Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

Nos. 38, 39, 40.

+ Contributed from the Bolus Herbarium, South African College.

138 Annals of the South African Museum.

2. PHAEOPTILUM.

1. P. spinosum, Radlk., in Abhandl. Naturw. Ver. Bremen, Viil.,

436.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy plains 25 km. North of Warmbad,

4308, 4375. Sandy river-bed at Sandverhaar, 3,100 ft., 4643.

About 30 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 4049.

ORCHIDACEAE.*t

By Lowsa Bolus.

i) HOLOTHEREXS,

1. H. aspera, Reichb. f., Otia Bot. Hamb. (1881), 119.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2,000 ft., 7562, 7641.

9. H. villosa, Lindl., in Comp. Bot. Mag., vol. i1., p. 207 (1836).

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2,000 ft., 7625. Oliphant’s River Mts. near

Warm Baths, 7787.

3. H. secunda, Reichb. f., Otia Bot. Hamb. (1881), 119.

Cape: Damp places, Giftberg, 1—2,000 ft., 7556.

4. H. condensata, Sond., in Linnaea, xix.

Cape: Damp places high up on cliffs, Ceres, 3535.

2. SATYRIUM.

1. S. punulum, Thunb., Prodr, Plant. Cap. (1794), 6.

Cape: Damp place, Giftberg, 1-2,000 ft., 7555.

2. S. erectum, Swartz, in Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Handl., xxi.

(1800), p. 216.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2,000 ft., 7642, 7557. Oliphant’s River Valley

near Warm Baths, 7089.

3. S. Lindleyanum, Bolus, in Journ. Linn. Soc., Bot., xx. (1884),

474.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm Baths, 7784.

* Report of the Perey Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

No. 41.

+ Contributed from the Bolus Herbarium, South African College.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 139

4, S. corifoluum, Swartz, in Kongl. Vet. Acad. Handl., xxi.

(1800), p. 216.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm Baths, 7088.

5. S. stenopetalum, Lindl., Gen. and Sp. Orch., p. 336.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm Baths, 5368.

6. S. ochroleucum, Bolus, in Journ. Linn. Soce., Bot., xxii. (1885).

Cape: Leeuwfontein, 3219.

3. DISA.

1. D. tenella, Swartz, in Kongl. Vet. Acad. Handl., xxi. (1800),

p. 212.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2,000 ft., 7560.

2. Disa Harveyana, Lindl., in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot., i. (1842).

Cape: Shade of rocks on summit Oliphant’s River Mts. above

Pickenier’s Pass.

3. D. nuicrantha, Bolus, in Journ. Linn. Soc., Bot., xxv. (1890),

196.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm Baths, 5180, 7085.

4, SCHIZODIUM.

1. S. flecwosum, Lindl., Gen. and Sp. Orch. (1838), p. 359.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2,000 ft., 7561.

5. DISPERIS.

1. D. circumflexa, Dur. and Schinz., var. 3, aemula, Sehltr., in

Bull. Herb. Boiss., vi. (1898), 923.

Cape: Giftberg, 1—-2,000 ft., 7640. Oliphant’s River Valley near

Warm Baths, 7788.

6. PTERYGODIUM.

1. P. orobanchoides, Schltr., in Bull. Herb. Boiss., vi. (1898), 848.

Cape: Growing in sand at side of cultivated lands, Giftberg,

1—2,000 ft. ; Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm Baths, 7328, 7326.

Hal

140 Annals of the South African Museum.

2. P. catholicum, Swartz, in Kongl. Vet. Acad. Handl., xxi.

(1800), 218.

Cape: Giftberg, 1—2,000 ft., 7554, 7564. Oliphant’s River Valley

near Warm Baths, 7084, 7329.

3. P. caffrum, Swartz, l. c., p. 218.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm Baths, 7786.

4, P. crispum, Schltr., [.'c., p. 849.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm Baths, 7327. Sand

flats between Driefontein and Heeren Logement, 6753,

5. P. alatum, Swartz, in Kongl. Vet. Acad. Handl., xxi. (1800),

218.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2,000 ft., 7559.

FICOIDEAE.* |

By Louisa Bolus.

1. MESEMBRIANTHEMUM.

1. M. minutwn, Haw., Obs. 126, Syn. 202.

Namaqualand: Northern slopes, Stinkfontein, 5574. Flowered in

Mr. N. S. Pillans’ garden, Rosebank, near Cape Town.

2. M. minimum, Haw., Obs. 126, Syn. 203.

Cape: Giftberg, growing on rocks, 1—2,000 ft., 7644.

3. M. obconellum, Haw., Misc. 21, Syn. 203.

Namaqualand: Northern slopes, Stinkfontein, 5574b. Flowered

in Mr. N.S. Pillans’ garden, Rosebank, near Cape Town.

4. M. calculus, Berger, in Mes. und Portulac. (1908), p. 289.

Karroo: Summit of ridge 44 miles South-east of Bakhuis, 5479.

Upper western slopes of hill above Nieuwerust, 5515. Flowered in

Mr. N. 8. Pillans’ garden, Rosebank, near Cape Town.

_ * Report of the Perey Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

No. 42.

+ Contributed from the Bolus Herbarium, South African College.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 141

5. M. Wettsteinu, Berger, J. c., p. 285.

Flowered in Mr. N.S. Pillans’ garden, Rosebank, near Cape Town,

7785.

6. M. nanum, Schltr., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb., xxvii., p. 128.

Namaqualand: Barren slopes north of Daunabis, 6063.

7. M. bilobum, Marloth, in Trans. §.A. Phil. Soc., xviii. (1907),

p. 44, t. V., fig. 2.

Namaqualand: Plains between Stinkfontein and Chubiesis, 6203.

Flowered in Mr. N.S. Pillans’ garden, Rosebank, near Cape Town.

8. M. gracilistylum, sp. noy., ad M. bilobo, Marloth, affine, sed

floribus 4meris pedunculatis, pedunculo 2bracteato, petalis roseis,

facile distinguitur.

Acaulescens, omnino glabrum, 35-4 cm. altum ; folia ad dimidium

vel ultra connata, lateraliter compressa, oblique 3quetra, obtusa

glauca, 0°5-0°7 em. lata, 0-7-1:1 cm. diam. ; flores 4meri pedunculati,

pedunculo tereti, infra medium 2bracteato, 0°5-0°6 cm. longo ;

calycis tubum ultra ovarium productum, exsertum hyalinum,

segmentis inter se subaequalibus. linearibus, acutis vel subobtusis,

0-2-0°3 cm. longis; petala ultra medium in tubum connata,

Yseriata linearia subacuta, 0-8-1 cm, longa; stamina 4—5seriata,

extima in corollae fauce manifesta ; ovarium inclusum suboblongum,

supra concavis, glandulis viridibus conspicuis, stylis_ erectis

gracillimis capillaceis, 0°7-0-9 cm. longis.

Namaqualand: Summit of hill 14 miles South of Stinkfontein,

5972.

Acaulescent, quite glabrous, 3°5-4 cm. high; leaves connate for

half their length or more, laterally compressed, obliquely 3quetrous,

obtuse, glaucous, 0°5-0°7 cm. wide, 0:7-1:1 cm. in diam. ; flowers

4merous pedunculate, the peduncle terete, 2bracteate below the

middle, 0°5-0°6 cm. long; calyx-tube produced beyond the ovary,

exserted hyaline, the segments almost equal, linear, acute or some-

what obtuse, 0°2-0°3 cm. long; petals connate beyond the middle

into a tube, 2seriate linear somewhat acute, 0-8-1 ecm. long;

stamens 4—dseriate, the outermost just visible in the throat of

the corolla ; ovary enclosed within the leaves, suboblong, the glands

green, conspicuous, the styles erect, very slender, capillaceous,

0:7-0°9 cm. long.

Allied to M. bilobwm, Marloth, but readily distinguished by the

142 Annals of the South African Museum.

tetramerous pedunculate flowers with rosy petals and the presence

of bracts.

The description was made from a plant which flowered in

Mr. N.S. Pillans’ garden, Rosebank, near Cape Town.

Plate III. A. Fig.1, branch; 2, transverse section of one of the

leaves, nat. size; 3, flower, with peduncle and bracts; 4, corolla,

laid open, with stamens; 45, corolla; 6, gynoecium, with glands—all

the latter variously enlarged.

9. M. Pearsonu, N. KE. Brown, in Kew Bull. (1912), p. 277, Bot.

Mag. t. 8463.

Karroo: Eastern slopes of ridge 4 miles South-east of Bakhuis,

5482.

10. M. robustwm, Haw., Misc. 28, Syn. 211.

Khamiesberg : Bailey’s Vlakte, damp ground, 6440. Naras

Ravine in wet sand, 6435.

11. M. denticulatwm, Haw., var. y, candidissimum, Haw.,

Obs. 149.

MESEMBRIANTHEMUM )FNTICULATUM, Haw., var. y, CANDIDISSIMUM.

Namaqualand: Stinkfontein, 6432, 5586. Little Bushmanland :

Eenriet, lower sandy slopes, 4072, 4068.

Amn. S. Afr Mus. Vol. 1x. Plate Ill.

Sus

2 eo ae West, Newman lith.

A.MESEMBRIANTHEMUM GRACILISTYLUM, Z. Bolus.

Be ~ DENTICULATUM, aw.

var. y, CANDIDISSIMUM.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 143

Plate III. B. Fig. 1, branch; 2, leaf from another branch,

largest seen; 3, transverse section of same near the apex; 4, ditto,

in the middle; 5, ditto, near the base; 6, calyx and gynoecium ;

7, portion of corolla and androecium—all nat. size; 8, gynoecium

with glands; 9, one of the stamens; 10, one of the styles.

The drawing was made partly from the dried specimens, and

partly (the flower of Fig. 1, and the rest of the Figs.) from those

which flowered in Mr. N. S. Pillans’ garden at Rosebank.

12. M. rostratum, Linn., var. 3, brevibracteatum.

Namaqualand: Betweeao Bitterfontein and Stinkfontein, 5562,

5563.

13. M. sp., ad M. mustellino, Salm-Dyck proxime affine, sed foliis

griseo-pubescentibus, pedunculo calyceque fructifero pilis retrorsis

albis hispidis praeditis differt. Flores desunt.

Little Bushmanland : Eenriet upper slopes, 4071.

Very closely allied to M. mustellinwm, Salm-Dyck, but differs in

having grey-pabescent leaves, and the fruiting peduncle and calyx

furnished with retrorse white hispid hairs. The specimens collected

are not in flower.

14. M. digitatum, Ait., Hort. Kew, 2, 181. (= M. digitiforme,

Thunb.)

Karroo: Northern slopes of ridge next road 3 miles South of

Bakhuis, 5453.

15. M. macradenium, sp. nov., M. calanuforni affine, sed floribus

minoribus, petalis flavis, stylis longioribus gracilioribus differt.

Caulis decumbens lignosus, ramis adscendentibus, basi vestigiis

foliorum delapsorum vestitis, apice 4—6foliatis; folia subaequalia,

basi connata, semi-teretia, apice turgide 3quetra, obtusa vel sub-

acute, viridia laevia, 2-5-6 em. longa, 0:6-0°8 em. diam.; flores

5meri pedunculati, pedunculo solitario ebracteato subcompresso,

foliis paullo breviore ; calyx turbinatus, segmentis foliaceis carinatis

lanceolatis obtusis, duobus parum longioribus, 0°8—-1:3 cm. longis ;

petala 2seriata linearia obtusa flava, calycis segmenta vix excedentia ;

stamina pluriseriata, basi copiose barbata, extima petalis paullo

breviora; disci glandulae maximae lunatae distinctae virides ;

144 Annals of the South African Museum.

ovarium supra planum vel subconcavum, 0°9 cm. diam.; styli

5 semi-teretes setaceo-acuminati, staminibus longiores.

Karroo: About 9 miles along Beukesfontein Road, 3693.

Stem decumbent woody, the branches ascending, clothed at the

base with the remains of fallen leaves, bearing 4-6 leaves at the

apex; leaves nearly equal, connate at base, semi-terete, turgidly

3quetrous at the apex; obtuse or subacute, green smooth, 2°5-6 cm.

long, 0:6-0°8 cm. diam.; flowers 5merous pedunculate, the peduncle

solitary ebracteate subcompressed, a little shorter than the leaves ;

calyx turbinate, the segments foliaceous carinate lanceolate obtuse,

two a little longer than the rest, 0°8-1°3 cm. long; petals 2seriate

linear obtuse yellow, scarcely exceeding the calyx-segments in

length; stamens in several rows, copiously bearded at the base,

the outermost a little shorter than the petals; glands of the disk

very large, lunate distinct green; ovary flat or somewhat concave

above, 0°9 cm. diam. ; styles 5 semi-terete.

16. M. diversifoliwm, Haw., Misc. 38, Syn. 230.

Cape: Giftberg 1-2,000 ft., 7662. Namaqualand: Common at

Grauwater, 3272.

17. WM. laeve, Thunb., Nov. Act. Nat. Cur., v., 8, p. 16, App.

_ Cape: Giftberg, 1-2,000 ft., 7505.

18. M. validum, Haw., Phil. Mag., Nov., 1826, 329.

Namaqualand: Common between Bitterfontein and Stinkfontein,

5576. Karroo: Ridge 44 miles South-east of Bakhuis, 5487.

19. M. elongatum, Haw., Obs. 236, Syn. 223.

Cape: In sand near Pickenier’s Pass, 52620.

20. M. pugiontforme, Linn., Sp. Pl., 699.

Khamiesberg: Tweerivieren, common in sandy ground, 6438.

91. M. rigidicaule, Haw., Rev., 116.

Cape: Summit of Oliphant’s River Mts. behind Warm Baths,

7319.

29. M. sarmentosum, Haw., Syn. 238.

Cape: Giftberg, 7499.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 145

23. M. geminiflorwm, Haw., Rev. 114, var. gracile, nov. var., a

forma typica habitu graciliore, foliis brevioribus differt.

Khamiesberg: Bailey’s Vlakte, Leliefontein, 6442.

Differs from the typical form by the more slender habit and

shorter leaves.

24. M. gracile, Haw., Rev. 144.

Cape: Dry ground, Boontjes Rivier, 5170.

25. M. glaucwm, Linn., Sp. Pl., 696.

Cape: Giftberg, 7668, 7663, 7666, 7504.

26. M. blandwm, Haw., Suppl. 95, Rev. 147.

Namaqualand: Jackal’s Mt., Sendling’s Drift.

27. M. falcatwm, Linn., Sp. Pl., 694.

Cape: Foothills Cold Bokkeveld Mts. opposite Warm Baths,

7324. Southern slopes above Pickenier’s Pass, 5181.

98. M. lunatum, Willd., Enum. 538.

Cape: In rock fissures upper north-eastern slopes above

Pickenier’s Pass, 5131. Giftberg, 7651, 7665. Locality uncertain,

3689. Mountain-tops near Hottentots’ Kloof, 3913.

29. M. perfoliatum, Haw., var. integrifoliwm, L. Bolus.

Little Bushmanland: Common on slopes between Kamabies and

Tweefontein, 3045.

30. M. wneinatwm, Will., Dict., ed. 8, n. 18.

Upper Region: Plateau on top of Blaukrantz Pass, 3911.

31. M. uncinellum, Haw., Rev. 125.

Great Namaqualand: Among rocks between Dabaigabis and

Gabis, 4441. Near river-beds on sandy plain one day South of

Griindoorn, 4445. Sandy plains around Schakalskuppe, 4163.

32. M. lineolatwm, Haw., Rev. 130, forma.

Namaqualand: Between Bitterfontein and Stinkfontein, 5575.

33. M. mucronatum, Haw., Mise, 73, Syn. 297.

Karroo: Between Zoutpansdrift and Beukesfontein, 2,000 ft.,

3690.

146 Annals of the South African Museum.

34. M. Rostelluwm, Salm Dyck, fase. 2, t. 18.

Cape: Leeuwfontein, on burnt veld, 5040.

35. M. nwultiflorwm, Haw., Mise. 96, Syn. 285.

Cape: Roadside between Hottentots’ Kloof and Karroopoort,

4829, Karroo: Common on stony plains at Beukesfontein, 1,200 ft.,

3914.

36. M. tunidulum, Haw., Syn. 286.

Namaqualand: Klipplaat, common bush on sandy plains, 3048.

Little Bushmanland: Common on sand near Tweefontein, 3047.

Namaqualand: Between Alewyn’s Fontein and Kamabies.

37. M. wmbellatum, Linn., Sp. PL, 481.

Namaqualand: Near summit of mountain 3 miles North-east of

Stinkfontein, 5633.

37a. M. wmbellatwn, Linn., forma.

Khamiesberg: Beacon Hill, 2 miles South-east of Leliefontein

Mission Station, 6368.

38. M. croceum, Jacq.

Namaqualand: Under bushes at Koets, 5743.

39. MW. cradockense, O. Kuntze.

Upper Region: Very common bush on plateau on top of

Blaukrantz Pass, 3909. Bushmanland: Common on granite slopes

at Kweekfontein, 3,000 ft., 3579.

40. M. sessile, Thunb., Nov. Act. Nat. Curios., viil., p. 14, App.

Little Bushmanland: Common on gneissic kopje towards Bitter-

fontein, 3054. Common on sand and granite kopjes near Rietfontein,

3040. Namaqualand: Common on sandy plains North of Alewyn’s

Fontein, 3067.

41. M. trichotomum, Thunb., ? l. c.

Great Namaqualand: Between 21 and 30 km. North of Raman’s

Drift, 4430.

42. M. defoliatwm, Haw., Mise. 83.

Upper Region: Very common between Karieboomfontein and

Calvinia on sand, 2,500 ft., 3391. Karroo: Between Zoutpansdrift

and Beukesfontein, 2,000 ft., 3688. Namaqualand: Plaatklip in

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 147

sand, 3064. Little Bushmanland: Dry sand 8 miles South-west of

Bitterfontein, 3066.

43. M. noctiflorum, Linn., Sp. Pl., 689.

Namaqualand: Sandy plains near Nieuwefontein, 3060, 33957.

Saline flat at Gawachab, 4449.

44. M. juncewm, Haw., Mise. 175, Syn, 255.

Cape: Western aspect between Clanwilliam and Langkloof, 5331.

Karroo: Zoutpansdrift, 2,000 ft., 3691. Saline vlei near Stompies-

fontein, 800 ft., 3918. Between Zoutpansdrift and Beukesfontein,

2,000 ft., 3693. Bushmanland: Common on sand at Aus, 2,900 ft.,

4719. Common on stony ground at Groot Rozynbosch, 2,800 ft.,

3846. On sand about 8 miles South-west of Bitterfontein, 3062

Namaqualand : Doorn River-bed, 4879. River-bed between Loeries-

fontein and Grauwater, 3273. River-bed near Sabiesis Water-hole,

4446. Schakalskuppe, 4,500 ft., 3364. River-bed at Gabies, 2,800 {t.,

4443. Sandy plains around Schakalskuppe, 4164.

45. M. simile, Sond., in FI. Cap., ii., p. 430.

Namaqualand: Plaatklip in sand, 3063.

M. simile, Sond., var. namaquense, Sond., in Fl. Cap., ii., p. 435.

Namaqualand: Doornpoort Ravine, 6127.

46. M. Schlichtianum, Sond., in Fl. Cap., ii., p. 435.

Damaraland: Common in narrow ravines of the Khan River

Valley near Welwitsch, 3365.

47. M.ciliatuwm, Thunb., 1. c., p. 11, App.

Bushmanland: On red sand about 8 miles South-west of Bitter-

fontein, 3941. Karroo: Sand between Gansfontein and Pappekuil,

1,000 ft., 3687.

48, M. salicornioides, Pax, in Engl. Bot. Jahrb., vol. xix. (1895),

p. 133.

Bushmanland: Common in indurated sand at Aus, 2,900 ft.,

4700. Namaqualand: Upper end of lateral valley 10-15 km. North

of Raman’s Drift, 4641. At outspan between Modderfontein and

Doornpoort.

49. M. spiniforme, Haw., Misc. 87, Syn. 291.

Namaqualand ?: Loc. uncertain, 6282.

148 Annals of the South African Musewm.

50. M. glomeratum, Linn., var. 3, majus, Sond., in Fl. Cap., iL:

p. 439.

Cape: Foot of Oliphant’s River Mts. near Warm Baths, 7167.

51. M. parvifolium, Haw., Rev. 184.

Karroo: Slope South of and facing Nieuwerust, 5530.

52. M. brevifolium, Ait., Hort. Kew, vol. 2, 188.

Great Namaqualand: Abundant from middle slopes to tops of

highest hills near Schakalskuppe. Stony ground about 40 km. North

of Warmbad, 4442.

53. M. collinum, Sond., in Fl. Cap., ii., p. 443.

Cape: Among bushes at Hottentots’ Kloof, 4903.

54. M. calycinum, Haw., Rev. 187.

Cape: Pickenier’s Pass, eastern slopes, 5150.

55. M. floribundum, Haw., Syn. 274.

Karroo: Common in river-bed between Stompiesfontein and

Schuurkraal about 1,000 ft., 3919.

56. M. striatum, Haw., Syn. 275.

Cape: Foot of Oliphant’s River Mts. behind Warm Baths, 6894.

Foot of Cold Bokkeveld Mts. opposite Warm Baths, Oliphant’s

River Valley, 7170. Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm

Baths, 7177.

57. M. mirabile, N. E. Br., in Gard. Chron. (1903), i1., 131.

Namaqualand: Northern slopes Stinkfontein, 5574c.

58. M. oculatum, N. E. Br., in Kew Bull. (1911), p. 318.

Namaqualand: Flowered at Kew in June, 1911.

59. M. pisiforme, Haw., Misc. 23, Syn. 207.

Karroo; Bakhuis, 5452.

60. M. crassulinum, DC., Prodr., iii., p. 445.

Karroo: Grauwater, 3270.

61. M. geniculiflorum, Linn., Sp. Pl., 688.

Karroo: Sand a few miles North of Nieuwerust, 5544.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 149

62. M. crinflorum, Houtt., Pfl. Syst., 2, D. t. 53.

Karroo: Sandy flats between Dreefontein and Heerenlogement,

6437. Khamiesberg: Sandy places in Khamsoap Ravine, 6551.

Cape: Warm Baths, Oliphant’s River Valley, 7165. Alluvial sand,

Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm Baths, 7331.

63. M. anatomicum, Haw., Syn. 249.

Khamiesberg: Khom’s ravine below 4,000 ft., 6434. Namaqua-

land : Common on kopje near Nieuwefontein, 3068.

64. M. tortwosum, Linn., l. c., 697.

Namaqualand: Among boulders in valley of Khamsoap River 1 day

South of Kamabies. Karroo: Schuurkraal, 1,100 ft., 3916.

65. M. Tripoliwn, Linn., l. c., 690.

Cape: Sandy soil, Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm Baths,

7330. Damp spot among grass near road Pickenier’s Pass, 5209.

66. M. pomeridianum, Linn., l. ¢., 698.

Cape: Alluvial sand Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm Baths,

7175, 7173, 7330. Along road from Warm Baths to Modderfontein

Farm, Oliphant’s River Valley, 7168. Slopes of Oliphant’s River

Mts. near Warm Baths, 7169. Sandy slopes South-east side of road

through Pickenier’s Kloof, 5138.

67. M. resurgens, Kensit, in Trans. Royal Soc. of 8.A., vol. i.

(1909), p. 154.

Khamiesberg: Bailey’s Vlakte, damp ground, 6441.

68. M. Barklyi, N. E. Brown, in Hook. Ic. PIl., vol. xix., t. 1820.

Karroo: Karroid plain between Bakhuis and Nieuwerust, 5438.

69. M. apiculatwm, Kensit, in Trans. Royal Soe. of §.A., vol. 1

(1909), p. 154; var. muticwm, nov. var., a forma typica caulibus

procumbentibus radicantibus, foliis muticis brevioribus, differt.

Cape: Giftberg, 7664.

Differs from the typical form in having procumbent stems rooting

at the nodes, and muticous shorter leaves.

This variety was also collected by Dr. R. Schlechter (No. 10817),

on the Packhuisberg in Aug., 1897.

102 Me sp:

Cape: Giftberg, 7667.

150 Annals of the South African Museum.

71. UM. sp.

Namaqualand: High plateau on western side TeAlee Mts., 5988.

72. M. sp.

Namaqualand: Quartzite slopes between Brakwater and Hell’s

Kloof, 6071.

73. M. crystallino-papillosum, ad 23 cm. altum, e basi ramosum,

ramis adscendentibus, basi reliquis foliorum delapsorum dense

vestitis, apice pedunculoideis ; pedunculis teretibus, ad 17 em. longis,

bracteis sparsis angustis, ad 5 cm. longis, ornatis, e medio floriferis,

floribus subracemosis; foliis basi connatis, lanceolatis, longe

acuminatis, ad 6 cm. longis; calycis segmentis 5, longe acuminatis,

ad 2 cm. longis.

Namaqualand : Quartzite Hills, North of Stinkfontein, 6158.

A crystalline-papillose herb, attaining 23 cm. in height, branched

from the base, the branches ascending, closely covered at the base

with the remains of fallen leaves, pedunculoid at the apex ; peduncles

terete, up to 17 cm. long, furnished with scattered narrow bracts, up

to 5 em. long, bearing flowers from the middle, the flowers arranged

racemosely ; leaves connate at base, lanceolate, long acuminate, up

to 6 cm. long; calyx-segments 5, long acuminate, up to 2 cm. long.

A very distinct-looking plant with the habit of the § Helianthoidea,

and the leaves persisting after the manner of those in VW. anatonuicum,

Haw., and M. tortwoswm, Linn., to protect the next season’s shoot.

The two specimens collected show the early stages of the new

growth, but the notes given above are drawn up entirely from the

remains of the previous season’s growth.

74. M. pumilum, circa 5 cm. altum; caule robusto, ad 1:5 cm.

diam., ramoso, ramulis vestigiis foliorum delapsorum vestitis ; folliis

3quetris acutis, 1 em. longis; pedunculis solitariis terminalibus, basi

2bracteatis ; fructus valvis 5.

Karroo: Schuurkraal, 1,100 ft., 3917.

Allied to M. rostellum, Haw., and M. pygmaeum, Haw., and most

probably a new species.

The specimens collected are in their winter or resting state, and

appear to behave in exactly the same manner as does M. pygmaewm

—viz., that from the axil of each of the fully-developed foliage

leaves, which are quite free or only slightly connate at base, springs

a shoot comprised of one or two pairs of leaves, united for more than

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 151

three-fourths of their length, membranous and dry, the tip alone

being foliaceous. Protected within the upper pair oi these are

enclosed the foliage leaves of the next season’s growth. These are

3quetrous acute, about 1 cm. long, and in a considerably hardened

and dried condition remain on the plant for apparently several

seasons ; the persistent peduncles are situated between the two

winter or resting shoots and are 2bracteate at base; fruiting

valves 5; main stem stout, attaining 1:5 cm. in diam. with numerous

short woody branches forming a dense tuft, about 5 cm. in height.

75. M. annuum papillosum (?), flavescens, e basi ramosum, ramis

decumbentibus vel erectis, laxe foliatis; foliis teretibus (?) obtusis,

basi ampliatis connatisque, 1—4°5 cm. longis ; floribus solitariis vel

3natis, 3-4 cm. diam.; calycis segmentis valde inaequalibus,

3 foliaceis longioribus, 2 membranaceo-marginatis ; petalis filiformibus

albis, ad 2°5 cm. longis.

Namaqualand: Sandy river-bed between Modderfontein and

Doornpoort, 5986. Common from Chubiessis outspan to Daunabis.

An annual herb, apparently papillose, yellowish in the dried state,

branched from the base, the branches decumbent or erect, laxly

leafy ; leaves terete (?) obtuse, widened and connate at the base,

1-4'5 em. long ; flowers solitary or ternate, 3-4 cm. in diam. ; calyx

segments very unequal, 3 foliaceous longer, 2 with membranous

margins; petals filiform white, up to 2°5 cm. long.

This is most probably a new species, but until fresh material is

available it seems advisable not to name it. The same species was

collected at Schakalswater, Little Bushmanland, by M. Schlechter

(Nox 7):

76. M. frutescens, sp. noy., foliis basi connatis, semi-teretibus vel

interdum turgide 3quetris; floribus 5meris, in cymas apertas

4-5 furcatas dispositis ; petalis albidis.

Frutex glaber, ad 2:5 met. altus; rami erecti rigidi glauci laeves,

0-6 cm. diam., ramulis ultimis rubescentibus; folia basi connata,

patenti-incurva, deinde patula, semi-teretia vel interdum turgide

3quetra, obtusa vel subacuta, mucronulata glauca, inconspicue

viridi-maculata, ad 5-5 cm. longa, 1:2 cm. diam.; flores 5meri, in

cymas terminales apertas 4—-5furcatas dispositi; pedunculi sub-

compressi, 05-1 cm. longi, lateralibus, 2 bi rcteatis ; calyx turbinatus,

segmentis inter se subaequalibus acutis, tribus membranaceo-

marginatis, 0°5-0°6 cm. longis; petala albida, sepalis paullo

152 Annals of the South African Museum.

longioribus ; stamina pluri-seriata; ovarium subconicum, stylis 5,

subulatis setaceo-acuminatis ; capsula circ. 1 em. diam.

Namaqualand : Last outspan before Garies, 6433.

A glabrous shrub, attaining 2°5 met. in height; branches erect

rigid glaucous smooth, 0°6 cm. in diam., the ultimate branchlets

reddish ; leaves connate at base, spreading-incurved, finally widely

spreading, semi-terete or sometimes turgidly 3quetrous, obtuse or

subacute, mucronulate glaucous, inconspicuously dotted with green,

up to 5°5 cm. long, 1:2 cm. in diam.; flowers 5merous, arranged

in open terminal 4—5branched cymes; peduncles somewhat com-

pressed, 0-5-1 cm. long, the lateral ones 2bracteate ; calyx turbinate,

the segments almost equal acute, three with membranous margins,

0:5-0°6 em. long; petals whitish, a little longer than the sepals;

stamens pluri-seriate ; ovary somewhat conical, the styles 5, subulate

setaceo-acuminate ; capsule about 1 em. in diam.

Described from excellent specimens received in a living state.

This is a very distinct species and with no close affinity to any

Mesembrianthemum known to me. Its stature, large semi-terete

leaves, spreading cymose inflorescence, and whitish petals exclude

it from the sections Verruculata, Haworthiana, and Tumidula.

The same plant was collected in 1883 at Port Nolloth by H.

Bolus (No. 9539), and again in 1897 at Oorkraal by R. Schlechter

(No. 10998), but without living material it has hitherto been

impossible to deal with it satisfactorily.

77. M. Slademanum, sp. nov., annuum glaberrimum, foliis

connatis, late ellipticis, valde concavis, floribus 4meris, sepalis

exterioribus per anthesin marcescentibus.

Herba annua glaberrima glauca ramosa, ramis decumbentibus

elongatis pallidis, ad 0°6 cm. diam., internodiis 2-5 em. longis,

ramulis adscendentibus ; folia basi connata, erecto-patentia, demum

reflexa, marcescentia persistentia, late elliptica, interdum apiculata,

valde concava, margine saepe rubicunda, 1°5-5:°5 em. longa; flores

4meri pedunculati, pedunculis 3natis, 0-7-1-2 cm. longis, laterali-

bus 2bracteatis; calyx clavatus, segmentis primo inter se valde

inaequalibus, duo exterioribus bene evolutis, omnino ceteras partes

floris obtegentibus, per anthesin marcescentibus, foliaceis, late

ellipticis vel suborbicularibus, acutis, 1-1-5 em. longis, interioribus

demum aequilongis, angustioribus; petala alba, ad 15 cm. longa;

stamina staminodiaque multi-seriata, antheris minimis; ovarium

convexum, 0:5 cm, altum, stylis 4, linearibus acutis.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 153

Namaqualand; Doornpoort Ravine, very abundant, 6132.

Lower southern and western slopes of TcAlee Mts., 6019.

An annual, entirely glabrous, glaucous branched herb, the

branches decumbent elongate pallid, up to 0°6 cm. diam., the

internodes 2-5 em, long, the branchlets ascending ; leaves connate

at base, erect-spreading, finally reflexed, persistent in a withered

membranous condition, broadly elliptical, sometimes apiculate,

strongly concave, often pink on the margin, 1°5-5:5 cm. long;

flowers 4merous pedunculate, the peduncles 3nate, 0'7—-1:2 cm. long,

the lateral ones 2bracteate ; calyx clavate, the segments at first very

unequal, the two outer ones well developed long before the others,

entirely enclosing the rest of the flower between them, withering

during the flowering period, leaf-like, broadly elliptical or sub-

orbicular, acute, 1-1°5 em. long, the interior pair finally as long but

narrower ; petals white, up to 1:5 cm. long; stamens and staminodes

in many rows, the anthers very small; ovary convex, 0°5 cm. high,

the styles 4, linear acute.

Described from copious dried material and from living specimens

srown in Mr. N.S. Pillans’ garden, Rosebank, near Cape Town. It

is easily distinguished from all the other species belonging to the

$ Platyphylla by its tetramerous flowers, and is remarkable for the

way in which the outer pair of calyx-segments develop precociously,

enclosing the rest of the flower, and exactly simulating bracts. As

far as I know this very distinct species has never been collected

before, and it therefore seems fitting to name it in honour of the man

in whose memory the expedition was made.

78. M. amplectens, sp. nov., ramis articulatis, foliis e medio

conspicue dilatatis, internodia vaginantibus, floribus solitariis, petalis

dilute stramineis.

Herba perennis glabra, ad 15 cm. alta, ramosa, ramis adscenden-

tibus articulatis, foliorum vaginis omnino vestitis; folia saepe alterna

distincta, semi-teretia vel interdum turgide 3quetra, obtusa, e medio

conspicue dilatata, internodia vaginantia, vaginis persistentibus

membranaceis, 1°5-3°5 cm. longa; flores terminales solitarii, 4-vel

interdum 65meri, breviter pedunculati, pedunculis omnino foliis

supremis inclusis; calyx globoso-turbinatus papillosus, segmentis

inter se valde inaequalibus, 2 foliaceis, petala excedentibus, 2 late

membranaceo-marginatis, 0-9-3 cm. longis; petala 2-3 seriata,

acuta, dilute straminea, ad 2 em. longa; stamina staminodiaque

noultiseriata, filamentis glabris; ovarium conicum, 0°5 cm. diam.,

stylis 4-5 subulatis acuminatis, 0°5 cm. longis.

154 Annals of the South African Musewm.

Karroo: Upper western slopes of hill above Nieuwerust, 5515.

Namaqualand: Stony western slope North of Daunabis, 6064.

A perennial herb, attaining 15 cm. in height, branched, the

branches ascending jointed, completely covered by the sheaths of

the leaves leaves often alternate distinct, semi-terete or some-

times turgidly 3quetrous, obtuse, conspicuously dilated from the

middle, sheathing the internodes, the sheathing portion persistent

membranous, 1:5-3°5 cm. long; flowers terminal solitary, 4- or

sometimes 5merous, shortly pedunculate, the peduncles altogether

enclosed within the uppermost pair of leaves; calyx globose-

turbinate papillose, the segments very unequal, 2 foliaceous,

exceeding the petals, 2 broadly membranous-margined, 0-9-3 cm.

long; petals 2-3 seriate acute, pale straw-coloured, up to 2 cm.

long; stamens and staminodes in many rows, the filaments

glabrous; ovary conical, 0°5 cm. diam., the styles 4-5, subulate

acuminate, 0°5 cm. long.

Described from living specimens which flowered in Mr. N. 5.

Pillans’ garden, Rosebank, near Cape Town.

79. M. mitratwm, Marl., in Trans. Roy. Soc. of 8.A., vol. ii., pt. 1,

p. 39.

Namaqualand : Upper slopes above Daunabis, 6116.

2. TETRAGONIA.

1. T. microptera, Fenzl., in Fl. Cap. i1., p. 461.

Upper Region: River-bed at Loeriesfontein, 4845.

2. T. nigrescens, H. and Z., Enum. 323.

Cape: Sandy soil, Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm Baths, 7244.

Khamiesberg : Wilgehout Ravine, 6807.

3. T. galenioides, Fenzl., in Fl. Cap., i., p. 461.

Cape: Upper southern slopes above Kradouw Krantz, 5325.

4, T. fruticosa, Linn., Sp. Pl., 687.

Sand flats between Driefontein and Heeren Logement, 6784.

5. T. arbuscula, Fenzl., in Fl. Cap., 11., p. 467.

Great Namaqualand: Top of hill at Schakalskuppe, 5,600 ft.,

4251. On sandy plains South of Schakalskuppe Station, 4,700 ft.,

4772. Dry stream-bed in sandy plains West of Ganus, 4490. Sandy

river-bed near Dabaigabis, 4314.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 155

6. T. virgata, Schltr., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb., xxvii. (1899), p. 125.

Khamiesberg : Lower slopes of Zuurberg, 6274.. Namaqualand :

Sandy veld between Bitterfontein and Stinkfontein.

7. T. rosea, Schltr., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb., xxvii. (1899), p. 124.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm Baths, 7789.

3. ANISOSTIGMA.

1. A. Schenckw, Schinz., in Bull. Herb. Boiss., v. (1897), App. iii.,

19.

Great Namaqualand: Common on sand dunes and sandy flats

South of Lowens River, Gawachab, 4084,- 4337. Sabiesis lower

slopes, 3,300 ft., 4578.

4, AIZOON.

1. A. paniculatum, Linn., Sp. Pl., 700.

Cape: Alluvial sand, Oliphant’s River Valley, 7174, 7301.

2. A. Burchellii, N.E. Br., in Kew Bull, (1908), p. 290.

Bushmanland : On stony ground, Groot Rozynbosch, 2,800 ft.,

3831. In sand of stream-bed, Aggenys, 3,000 ft., 2941. Wortel,

2,700 ft., 3616.

3. A. fruticosum, Schellenb., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb., xlviii. (1912),

p. 492.

Great Namaqualand: Kopje 12 km. West from Sandverhaar,

3,600 ft., 4633. Stony places on plains West of Ganus, 4484. Sandy

valley North of Sabiesis, 4108. On sandy plains between Keetmans-

hoep and Seeheim, 4348. Sandy river-bed 25 km, North of

Warmbad, 4298.

5. GALENIA.

1. G. sarcophylla, Fenzl., in Fl. Cap., i, p. 475.

Bushmanland: On sandy patches near Nieuwfontein, 3356.

Karroo: Dried-up irrigated land near Schuurkraal, 1,100 ft., 3074.

2. G. papulosa, Sond., var., in Fl. Cap., i., p. 475.

Great Namaqualand: Buchholzbrunn, 3,250 ft., 3385.

3. G. crystallina, Fenzl., in Fl. Cap., i., p. 477,

Upper Region: Ravines at Loeriesfontein, 2,500 ft., 4855.

156 Annals of the South African Museum.

4. G. fruticosa, Sond., in FI. Cap., ii., p. 477.

Bushmanland: Upper middle slopes of Koeberg, 6221.

5. G. africana, Linn., Sp. Pl., 515.

Cape: Foot of Oliphant’s River Mts. near Warm Baths, 7260.

Pickenier’s Pass, eastern slopes, 5146. Pendent from top of steep

clay bank overhanging small river-bed between Ceres and Leeuw-

fontein, 3244. Roadside between Hottentots’ Kloof and Karroopoort,

4814. Karroo: Zoutpansdrift, 2,000 ft., 5013.

6. TRIANTHEMA.

1. T. crystallina, Vahl., Symb., i., 32.

Bushmanland: Groot Rozynbosch, 2,800 ft. 3826. Great

Namaqualand: Sand at Gabis, 4330. Near stream-bed on plain

12 km. West of Sandverhaar, 4270. High plateau on western side

of TcAlee Mts.

2. T. hydaspica, Edgew., in Journ. Linn. Soe., vi. (1862), 203.

(Diplochonium sesuvioides, Fenzl.)

Namaqualand : Prostrate in sand of dry river-bed, Doornpoort,

6027.

1. ORYGIA-

1. O. decumbens, Forsk., Fl. Aegypt. Arab., 103.

Great Namaqualand: Aub River-bed and slopes West of Gobas

Station, 2,900-4,200 ft., 3755, 3750.

8. MOLLUGO.

1. M. Cerviana, Seringe, in FI. Cap.,i., p. 138.

Bushmanland: Sand banks in dry river-bed near Dabainoris, 3019.

Raman’s Drift, 4077. Great Namaqualand: In sandy valley North

of Sabiesis, 4115. Holoog, 3603. Sandy river-bed 25 km. North of

Warmbad, 4296. Sandy plains, Schakalskuppe, 4,500 ft., 4789. In

sand a little North of Ganus, 3,000-3,200 ft., 4496. Doornpoort

Ravine, 6133. Dry sandy river-bed on South side of pass between

Daunabis and Bethany Drift, 6033. Sandy bank of Orange River

at Bethany Drift, 6037.

9, PHARNACEUM.

1. P. incanum, Linn., Sp. PL, 272.

Cape: Mountain slopes near Warm Baths, 6880, 6883, Damp

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 157

places in bed of stream on Hast side of Pickenier’s Pass. Oliphant’s

River, 5254. Khamiesberg: Tweerivieren, 6774.

2. P. reflecum, KE. and Z., Enum, 285.

Khamiesberg: Tweerivieren, 6771. Bushmanland: Kopje near

Nieuwfontein, 3351. Hight miles South or South-west of Bitter-

fontein, 3414. Namaqualand: Schakalskuppe, 5,200-5,600 ft.,

4227. On mountain-slopes a little South of Tweefontein, 2,900 ft.,

3787.

3. P. verrucosum, E. and Z., Enum. 286.

Bushmanland: Sandy plains about 30 km. North of Raman’s

Drift, 4063, 4527; Ougrabies, 3571. About 8 miles South or South-

west of Bitterfontein, 3412. Namaqualand: Common in sand near

Alewyn’s Fontein, 3336. Hilltops at Schakalskuppe, 5,600 ft.,

4236. About 10 miles North-east of Klippiaat, 3402. Klipplaat,

3398. Valley below Corkscrew Mt.—Koets, 5731. At the railway

station 122 km. (18 km. West of Aus.).

10. ADENOGRAMMA.

1. A. galioides, Fenzl., in Fl. Cap., i., p. 150.

Cape: Summit of Oliphant’s River Mts. behind Warm Baths,

7162, 7163. Mountain-slopes Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm

Baths, 7164. Alluvial sand, Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm

Baths, 7305. Khamiesberg: In dry sandy ground, Namaroep.

11. GISEKIA.

1. G. Miltus, Fenzl., in Fl. Cap., i., p, 156.

Great Namaqualand: Sand at Sandverhaar, 4681. Plains about

30 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 3742. Sand of Schaf River-bed at

Seeheim, 2,300 ft., 3737. In sand between Sabiesis and Holoog,

4099. Bushmanland: Wortel, 3618. Damaraland: Ravine in

Khan River basin near Welwitsch, 4284.

12. SEMONVILLEA.

1. S. fenestrata, Fenzl., Nov. Stirp. Dec. Mus. Vind., 5, p. 42.

Namaqualand: Sandy plains South of Schakalskuppe Station,

4,700 ft., 4775. Sand at Sandverhaar, 3,100 ft., 4659, 4280.

158 Annals of the South African Museum.

13. LIMEUM.

1. L. capense, Thunb., Prod. Pl. Cap., 68.

Upper Region: Near outspan at Loeriesfontein, 2,800 ft., 4872.

Nieuwfontein, 3473.

2. L. aethiopicum, Burm., Prod., p. 11.

Great Namaqualand: Among quartzite blocks, Akam River basin,

4743. Near shallow stream-bed on stony plains 12 km. West of

Sandverhaar, 3,200 ft., 4608. Sandy valley 20 km. North of Raman’s

Drift, 4523. Sandstone and sand at Sandverhaar, 3,100 ft., 4667.

Upper Region: Sandy flat, Alewyn’s Fontein, 3343. Kopjeskraal

on face of ravine, 2,200 ft., 4869. Bushmanland: Wortel.

3. L. africanum, Burm., Prod. Fl. Cap., p. 11.

Cape: Foot of Oliphant’s River Mts. near Warm Baths, 7171,

7166. Namaqualand: Brakdam, 5599. Khamiesberg: Wilgehout

Ravine, 6803. Sand flats between Driefontein and Heeren Loge-

ment, 6813.

4. L. viscosum, Fenzl., Nov. Stirp. Dec. Mus. Vind., 5, p. 42.

Great Namaqualand: Stream-bed on stony plains 12 km. West of

Sandverhaar, 3,200 ft., 4616. Sand dunes, Sandverhaar, 3,100 ft.,

4691. Saline flat, Gawachab, 4335. Sandy river-bed, Buchholz-

brunn, 3660. In sand a little North of Ganus, 3,200 ft., 4494.

Prostrate on sand, Gabis, 4325. South of Warmbad, 4037. Sandy

flats recently washed by rain South of Warmbad, 4029. Kopje on

pass leading down to Griindoorn, 3133. Bushmanland: Dry water-

courses on sandy plains about 30 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 4061.

MALVACEAKE.* |

By Ruth Glover.

1.. MALVA.

1. M. parviflora, Linn., Diss. Dem. Pl. Nov.

A starved form.

Loeriesfontein. common at outspan, 3260. Alewyn’s Fontein,

3322. Near Nieuwfontein, 3323. Kweekfontein, in sand near

* Report of the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

No. 43.

+ Contributed from the Bolus Herbarium, South African College.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 159

outspan, 3809. Dry sandy river-bed South of Bakhuis, .5449.

Cape: Foot of Cold Bokkeveld Mts., opposite Warm Baths,

Oliphant’s River Valley, 7227.

2. MALVASTRUM.

1. M. grossulariaefolium, Gray and Harv., in Fl. Cap., ii., p. 161.

Khamiesberg: Khamsoap Ravine, 6537.

2. M. asperrimum, Gray and Harv., in Fl. Cap., ii.; p. 161.

Cape: Western slopes, Nardouw Kloof, 5416. Khamiesberg :

Upper middle slopes Zuurberg (Anegas), 6265. Beacon Hill,

2 miles South-east of Leliefontein Mission Station, 6366. Nama-

qualand : On summit granite kopje at Brakdam, 5661.

3. SPHAKRALCEA.

1. S. elegans, Don, Dict., i., p. 465.

Cape: Roadside between Hottentots’ Kloof and Karroopoort, 4820.

Karroo: River-bed at Draaikraal, 4998.

4, ABUTILON.

1. A. pycnodon, Hochr., in Bull. Herb. Boiss., ii. (1902), p. 1001.

Var. longipetala, nov. var., inflorescentia demum panicula efoliata,

foliis delapsis, petalis calyce 2 plo longioribus.

Namaqualand: Upper slopes TcAlee Mts., 6149. Also collected

by M. Schlechter at Naroep, Great Bushmanland, 54, Dec. 14,

1897.

This variety differs from the type in having the inflorescence at

first simple but at length a leafless panicle, and by the petals being

twice as long as the calyx.

5. PAVONIA.

1. P. macrophylla, E. Mey., in Fl. Cap., i., p. 169.

Great Namaqualand: A little above high-water mark, Lowens

River at Gawachab, 2,100 ft., 4087.

6. HIBISCUS.

1. H. wrens, Linn. f., Suppl. 309.

Karroo: In irrigated land between Stompiesfontein and Schuur-

160 Annals of the South African Museum.

kraal, 3071. Between Pappekuil and Stompiesfontein, 4969. Nama-

qualand: Dry river-bed South of pass between Grauwater and

Klipplaat, 3277.

2. H. Englert, Schum., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb., x., p. 47.

Bushmanland: Pella, 3542.

3. H. Elliottiae, Harv., in Fl. Cap., ii., p. 587.

Great Namaqualand: Barren hill about 400 ft. above the river at

Raman’s Drift, 4078. Sandy valley North of Raman’s Drift, 3605.

Kopjes South of Warmbad, 4000. Lower granite slopes West of Aus,

4209. Wortel, 3611. Stony ground near Holoog, 4125. Two miles

South of Tweefontein, 3554.

FRANKENIACEAE.* |

By Lowisa Bolus.

1. FRANKENTA.

1. F. capitata, Webb. and Berth., Fl. Canar., i., p. 131, t. 16.

Cape: Dried-up pools between Clanwilliam and Lang Kloof, 5343.

Namaqualand: River-bed, Stinkfontein, 5967. Dry sandy river-bed,

Kamabies, 3955. Bushmanland: Sabies, 4704. Nieuwfontein, 3467.

2. F. pulverulenta, Linn., Sp. Pl., 332.

Cape: Attis River-bed, 5381. Karroo: Pappekuil, 3985. Namaqua-

land: Bed of Brak River, 4868, 4864. Kopje’s Kraal, 4886. River-

bed North of Gansfontein, 3984. On side of dam, Kamabies, 3462.

BIXACEHAE.* {

By Louisa Bolus.

1. KIGGELARIA.

1. K. ferruginea, EB. and Z., Enum., No. 118.

Khamiesberg: Rooted under granite block at 3,000 ft. in Khamies-

berg plateau, 6237. Beaeco Hill, 2 miles South-east of Leliefontein,

6367. Southern slopes of Sneeuwkop, 5867. Upper middle rocky

slopes, Vogelklip, 5911.

* Reports of the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

Nos. 44, 45.

+ Contributed from the Bolus Herbarium, South African College.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 161

TAMARICACEAE.* |

By Ruth Glover.

1. TAMARIX.

1. T. articulata, Vahl, Symb., 2, p. 48, t. 32.

Khamiesberg: In Buffel’s River-bed between Arkoep and Mesklip,

5903. Little Namaqualand: Bed of Doorns River South of Brak

River, 3893.

RESEDACEAE.* +

By Ruth Glover.

1. OLIGOMERIS.

1. O. capensis, Thunb., Cap., p. 402.

Great Namaqualand: Gabis, 4328. Sandverhaar, sandy river-

bed, 4646.

CONVOLVULACEAE.* |

By Louisa Bolus.

1. [TPOMOEA.

1. I. adenioides, Schinz, in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb.,

RK, LO:

Great Namaqualand: 12 km. West of Sandverhaar, 4456, 4269.

On sandstone on mountain-top, Sabiesis, 4577. Sandy plains South

of pass leading to Griindoorn, 4356.

2. CONVOLVULUS.

1. C. inconspicuus, Hallier. f., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb., xviii., 106.

Namaqualand: Roadside Brakdam, 5605,

* Reports of the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

Nos. 46, 47, 48.

+ Contributed from the Bolus Herbarium, South African College.

162 Annals of the South African Museum.

2. C. capensis, Burm. f., Prod., Cap. 5.

Cape: Alluvial sand bottom, Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm

Baths, 7252.

3. CUSCUTA.

1. C. angulata, Engelm., in. Trans. Acad. Se. St. Louis, i., 474.

Cape: Dry hillsides between Hex River and Kradouw Krantz,

5248,

POLYGONACEAE.* +

By Louisa Bolus.

1. BPOLYONUM:

1. P. aviculare, Linn., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, 362.

Bushmanland: Wet mud, Orange River near Abbasis, 2997.

Karroo: Nieuwrust, 5510.

2. RUMEX.

1. Ff. sagittatus, Thunb., Prodr., 67.

Khamiesberg : Shady places among rocks, Namaroup, 6579.

2. F. cordatus, Desf., Cat. Hort. Par., ed. 2, 40.

Cape: Foot of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths, 7300.

3. BR. Ecklonianus, Meisn., in Linnaea, xiv., 493.

Karroo: About 9 miles along Beukesfontein road in dry river-

bed North of Zoutpansdrift, 5003. Namaqualand: Dry sandy

river-bed at Kamabies, 3952. Kweekfontein, in clumps in

sandy river-bed, 3790. Kamabies, 3464. Two miles South of

Tweefontein, 3458. Upper: Brakrivier, river-bed, 4865.

3. EMEX.

1. E. australis, Steinh., in Ann. Sci, Nat., 2™° sér. ix., 195, t. 7.

Namaqualand : Cornfield weed, Koets.

* Report of the Perey Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

No. 49.

+ Contributed from the Bolus Herbarium, South African College,

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 163

SALICINEAE.* +

By Louisa Bolus.

1, SALIX.

1. S. capensis, Thunb., Fl. Cap., i., 139.

Cape: Streamside between Ceres and Leeuwfontein, 3255.

Namaqualand: River-bed South of Tweefontein, 3759. Near

water-edge, Orange River, at Raman’s Drift, 3111.

PLANTAGINEAE.* +

By Louisa Bolus.

i; PLANDLAGO:

1. P. capillaris, EK. Mey, E. Decne, in DC., Prod., xiii., i., 719.

Khamiesberg: Tweerivieren, 6832. Varsche River, dry, stony

hills, 6506.

ILLECEBRACEAE.” +

By Louisa Bolus.

if POLEICHIA.

1. P. campestris, Soland., in Ait., Hort. Kew, ed. 1, 1., 5.

Namaqualand: Fissures. in granite upper southern slopes TcAlee

Mts., 6147. Rock crevices low kopje opposite Bowesdorp, 5844.

2. CORRIGIOLA.

1. C. litorals, Linn., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, 271.

Namaqualand: Cornlands by roadside between Brakdam and

Rietkloof, 5671.

* Reports of the Perey Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

Nos. 50, 51, 52.

+ Contributed from the Bolus Herbarium, South African College.

164 Annals of the South African Museum.

PHYTOLACCACEAE.* +

By Louisa Bolus.

1. MICROTEA.

1. M. Burchell, N. BE. Br., in Kew Bulletin, 1909, 135.

Namaqualand : Sandy valley North of Sabies, 4109. Common in

dry, sandy river-bed on South side of pass between Dannabis and

Bethany Drift, 6029. Bushmanland: Common in dry bed of river,

Aggenys, 3563, 3589.

LABIATAE.* +

By Lowsa Bolus.

1S NE INGCETEAS

1. M. longifolia, Huds., subsp. capensis, Briq.

Khamiesberg plateau: River-bed, 6236, 6795. Little Namaqua-

land: River-bed South of Tweefontein, 3760. River-bed West of

Garies, 5641. Locality uncertain, 3461.

2. SALVIA.

1. S. garipensis, E. Mey., Comm. 232.

Great Namaqualand: Crevices in granite hills 18 km. West of

Aus, 4211. Stream-courses at base of hills at Schakalskuppe, 4246.

2. S. africana, Linn., Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 38, excl. Plukenet.

Cape: Pickenier’s Pass, eastern slopes, 5156.

3. S. dentata, Ait., Hort. Kew, ed. 1, i. 37.

Khamiesberg: Wilgehout Ravine, marshy ground, 6384. Nama-

roup hills, 6590. Namaqualand: At foot of granite slopes a little

South of Brakdam, 5623, 3478. Summit of Rattelpoort Mountain,

9953. Bushmanland: Kweekfontein, 3798.

* Reports of the Perey Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

Nos. 53, 54.

+ Contributed from the Bolus Herbarium, South African College.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 165

4. S. nivea, Thunb., Prodr., 96.

Cape: Pickenier’s Pass, eastern slopes, 5151. On the road from

Warm Baths to Modderfontein, Oliphant’s River Valley, 7280.

Namaqualand: By the roadside a little South of Brakdam, 5622,

5. S. rugosa, Thunb., Prodr., 97.

Irrigated land near Schuurkraal, 3073. Namaqualand : Hantam’s

River-bed near Brakrivier, 4896. Very common in bed of Brak

River, 3897.

3. ACROTOME.

1. A. pallescens, Benth., in DC., Prodr., xii., 426.

Namaqualand: In crevices of gravelly cliffs below Doornpoort,

6014.

4, STACHYS.

1. S. aethiopica, Linn., Mant., 1., 82.

Cape: Common on hillsides at Leeuwfontein, 3217. Foot of

Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths, 7282, 7283. Foothills

of Cold Bokkeveld Mts. opposite Warm Baths, Oliphant’s River

Valley, 7281.

2. S. rugosa, Ait., Hort. Kew, ed. 1, 11. 303.

Cape: Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts. near Warm Baths, 6871.

Ravine at Loeriesfontein, 4835. Khamiesberg: Dry slopes Khoms

Ravine, 6483. Hills at Namaroup, 6588.

3. S. multiflora, Benth., in DC., Prodr., xii., 492.

Namaqualand: Sandy ravine North of Doornpoort, 6018. Upper

and middle slopes TeAlee Mts., 6139. Sandy river-bed at Kamabies,

3954. Quartzite slopes above Modderfontein facing South-west,

5963. Great Namaqualand: Lower mountain-slopes Hast of Aus,

4713.

4. S. flavescens, Benth., in E. Mey., Comm. 241.

Khamiesberg: Upper and lower plateau, south-eastern slopes,

Vogelklip, 5920. Common on kopje South-west of Leliefontein

Mission Station, 6813. Beacon Hill, 2 miles South-east of Lelie-

fontein, 6360. Namaqualand: Common at all elevations on

northern slopes of Rietkloof Mt., 5694. Summit of granite kopje

at Brakdam, 5662a.

166 Annals of the South African Museum.

5. Stachys Zeyhert, Skan, in Fl. Cap., vol. v., § 1.

Namaqualand: Near Klipplaat, 3393.

5. BALLOTA.

1. B. africana, Benth., Lab. 594.

Cape: Stream-bed in pass above Leeuwfontein, 3197. Ravine at

Loeriesfontein, 4844. Roggeveld, above Blaukrantz Pass near

stream-bed, 4981. Namaqualand: In shade of rocks on southern

upper slopes, Rietkloof Mt., 5699. Kloof between Middlekraal and

Brakdam, 5625. Alewyn’s Fontein, by roadside, 3319.

6. LEONOTIS.

1. ZL. Leonurus, R. Br., in Ait., Hort. Kew, ed. 2, iu., 410.

Cape: Sand-banks in river-bed below Kradouw Krantz, 5373.

SELAGINEAE.* |

By Lowsa Bolus.

1. HEBENSTREITIA.

1. H. fruticosa, Sims, in Bot. Mag., t. 1970.

Khamiesberg : Sneeuwkop, upper and western slopes.

2. dentata, Wann. Spi Pled:) 629)veds 2.878.

Cape: Alluvial soil, Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm Baths,

6492. Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts. near Warm Baths, 6895.

Bushmanland: Bitterfontein, 6492.

3. H. dentata, Linn., var. 5, integrifolia, E. Mey., Comm. 247,

partly, excl. syn.

Cape: Sand flats between Driéfontein and Heeren Logement,

6797. Khamiesberg: Hillsides at Namaroup, 6701. Slopes of Ist

plateau, 5634.

4. H, hamulosa, EK. Mey., Comm. 249.

Khamiesberg : Southern slopes of Sneeuwkop, 5856,

* Report of the Perey Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa.

No. 55.

+ Contributed from the Bolus Herbarium, South African College.

Plants Collected im the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 167

5. H. stenocarpa, Schltr., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb., xxvii., 186.

Khamiesberg : Twee Rivieren, hillsides, 6775.

6. H. lanceolata, Rolfe, in Fl. Cap., v., § 1, p. 109.

Cape: Foot of Oliphant’s River Mts. near Warm Baths, 7790,

7276.

7. H.sp. Material too poor for identification.

Bushmanland: Koeberg, 6220.

2. SELAGO.

1. S. tephrodes, EK. Mey., Comm. 264, partly.

Cape: Foothills of Cold Bokkeveld Mts. opposite Warm Baths,

7243. Kloof behind Warm Baths, Oliphant’s River Valley, 7270,

7271, 7279, 7272, 7268.

2. S. namaquensis, Schltr., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb., xxvii., 189.

Khamiesberg : Hillsides at Namaroup, 6703, 6707.

3. S. albida, Choisy, in DC., Prodr., xii., 18.

Great Namaqualand: Schakalskuppe, 4237, 4255. Sandy river-

bed 25 em. North of Warmbad, 4305. Crevices in granite near top

of hills North of Rotkuppe Station, 4469. River-bed below railway

station, Buchholzbrunn, 3680.

4. S. minutissema, Choisy, in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genév., ii., i1., 100,

t. 3.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm Baths, 7278, 7275.

Khamiesberg: Wilgehout Ravine, 6801,

5. S. scabrida, Thunb., Prodr., 99.

Cape: Upper south-western slopes above Pickenier’s Pass, 5117.

6. S. stricta, Berg., Pl. Cap., 155.

Cape: Summit of Oliphant’s River Mts. behind Warm Baths, 6851.

1. S. spuria, Linn., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, 629.

Cape: Pickenier’s Pass, eastern slopes, among grass in damp

places, 5148. Upper southern slopes above Kradouw Krantz, 5310.

168 Annals of the South African Museum.

8. S. lamprocarpa,.Schltr., in Fl. Cap., v., p. 170.

Cape: Hillsides at Leeuwfontein, 3218. Hill-slopes above Hot-

tentots’ Kloof, 4944.

9. S. triquetra, Linn. fil., Suppl. 284.

Cape: Roadside between Ceres and Leeuwfontein, 3218.

10. S. glutinosa, E. Mey., Comm. 255.

Khamiesberg : North-western slopes of Sneeuwkop, near summit,

5785. Namaqualand: Among granite blocks on Ist plateau of

mountain 3 miles North-east of Stinkfontein, 5636.

11. S. hispida, Linn, fil., Suppl. 284.

Cape: Upper south-western slopes above Pickenier’s Pass, 5127.

12. S. curvifolia, Rolfe ? Undeveloped.

Cape: Kloof below Warm Baths, Oliphant’s River Valley, 7273.

3. AGATHELPIS.

1. A. angustifolia, Choisy, in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genéyv., li. 1i., 99.

Cape: Upper southern slopes above Pickenier’s Pass, 5181a.

Khamiesberg : Beacon Hill, 2 miles South-east of Leliefontein, 6356.

South-eastern slopes of Sneeuwkop, 5877. Namaqualand: Among

bushes near summit on northern slopes Rietkloof Mt., 5710.

AMARANTACEAE.* |

By Louisa Bolus.

1. HERMBSTAEDTIA.

1. H. glauca, Moquin, in DC., Prodr., xiii., ii., 247.

Namaqualand: Near base of kopje, Ookiep, 3452. Rocky slopes

at Eenriet, 3095. Bushmanland: Dry river-bed between Wortel

and Dabainoris, 3029. Ougrabies, 3576. Upper mountain-slopes at

Kweekfontein, 3819. Namaqualand : Slopes between Annenous and

* Report of the Perey Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

No. 56.

+ Contributed from the Bolus Herbarium, South African College.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 169

Chubiesis, 5282. Sandy ravine below Doornpoort, 6013. Krantz,

1 mile South of Butfel’s River, between Arkoep and Mesklip, 5895,

5901.

2. MARCELLIA.

i Me Bamesn,.C-B. Cl:, in Dyer, Hl. Trop. Afr.; vi.,.i., OL,

Great Namaqualand: Common among quartzite blocks Akam

Rivier, 4731. Sandstone at Sandverhaar, 4665. Gobas, sandstone

slopes, 3748a. Stony slopes on kopje near Griindoorn, 3141.

3. SERICOCOMA.

1. S. pungens, Fenzl., in Linnaea, xvii., 326.

Great Namaqualand: Among quartzite blocks, Akam River basin,

4753. Bushmanland: Above Raman’s Drift, South side, 4075.

2. S. avolans, Fenzl., in Linnaea, xvii., 328.

Great Namaqualand: Stony slopes of kopjes near Griindoorn,

3144. Common in sand 20 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 4541.

Kopje between Dabaigabis and Griindoorn, 3156. Sandy river-bed

at Sandverhaar, 4650.

4, SERICOREMA.

1. S. remotiflora, Lopr., in Engl. Bot. Jahrb., xxvii., 39.

Great Namaqualand: Among quartzite blocks, Akam River basin,

4755.

5. CALICOREMA.

1. C. capitata, Benth. and Hook.

Namaqualand: Sandy ground opposite Sendling’s Drift, 6112.

Orange River: Common along bank of Orange River between

Abbasis and Raman’s Drift, in dry sand, 3110. Great Namaqua-

land : Common on stony slopes nr. Griindoorn, 3147. Damaraland:

Ravines of Khan River nr. Welwitsch, 4146.

6. AMARANTHUS.

1. A. Thunbergri, Moquin, in DC., Prodr., xiii., ii., 262.

Upper Region: On banks of water conduit at Karie Boemfontein,

3923. Great Namaqualand: Shady places in dry river-bed, sandy

plains West of Ganus, 4482.

170 Annals of the South African Museum.

2. A. Blitum, Linn., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, 990.

Great Namaqualand : Under shade of large Commiphora in dry

river-bed South of Warmbad, 4025. Sandy valley 20 km. North of

Raman’s Drift, 4519. Sandy valley North of Sabiesis, 4114.

Crevices in kopje between Dabaigabis and Griindoorn, 3173.

Shady places in dry river-bed, sandy plains West of Ganus, 4480.

ZYGOPHYLLACEAE.* +

By Ruth Glover.

i TRIBULUS:

1. 7. terrestris, Linn., Sp. Pl., p. 554.

Great Namaqualand: Sand at Sandverhaar, 4675. Seeheim,

3725. Sand of river-bed at Seeheim, 3723. In sandy plain at

Schakalskuppe, 4784. Bushmanland: Common on stony ground

at Groot Rozynbosch, 3833. Namaqualand: Sand at Stinkfontein,

Doms

2. T. Zeyher, Sond., Fl. Cap., i., p. 353.

Namaqualand: Sandy slopes, Kamabies, 3780. Rietfontein, 3434.

3. T. pterophorus, Presl., Bot. Bem., p. 30.

Great Namaqualand: Dry river-bed near Holoog, 4120. Sand

dunes at Sandverhaar, 4693. Bushmanland: Near Wortel, 3631.

4, T. cristatus, Presl., Bot. Bem., p. 30.

Namaqualand: Sandy river-bed leading down to Bethany Drift,

6053. Great Namaqualand: Sandy slopes at Dabainoris, 3015.

Kopje between Dabaigabis and Griindoorn, 3154.

2. SISYNDITE.

1. S. spartea, HK. Mey.

Sandy banks of Doorn Rivier, 3880. Bushmanland: Common in

sand between Kweekfontein and Ougrabies, 3791. Great Nama-

qualand: Sand at Sandverhaar, 4653. Namaqualand: Sand in

Annenous Valley, 5984. Annenous, 6413.

* Report of the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

No. 57.

+ Contributed from the Bolus Herbarium, South African College.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 171

3. AUGHA.

1. A. capensis, Thunb.

Namaqualand: Abundant in sand in the vicinity of Klipplaat,

3944.

4. ZYGOPHYLLUM.

1. Z. prismatocarpum, EK. Mey.

Namaqualand: Dry river-bed opposite Sendling’s Drift, 6107.

Common on sandy river-bed between foot of Modderfontein Pass

and Doornpoort, 5991.

2. Z. stnuplex, Linn., Mant., p. 68.

Namaqualand: Dry river-bed on South side of pass between

Daunabis and Bethany Drift, 6031. Barren places South of pass

between Grauwater and Klipplaat, 3278. Great Namaqualand:

Sandy plains, Schakalskuppe, 4425.

3. Z. spinosum, Linn., Sp. Pl., p. 552.

Cape: Sand flats between Dreifontein and Heeren Logement,

6783.

4. Z. fulvum, Linn., Sp. PL. i., p. 386.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths, 7229, 7248.

A form with the stem distinctly two-winged and with the filaments

less than thrice as long as the scales.

5. Z. Morgsana, Linn., Sp. Pl., p. 551.

Namaqualand: Hills facing Brakrivier, 4894.

6. Z. nucrocarpum, Lichtenst. herb., Cham. and Schl.

Namaqualand : Doornpoort Ravine, 6130. Common in dry

stream-bed between Modderfontein and Doornpoort, 5987. Sandy

bed of Orange River, common South of Bethany Drift, 6044. Bush-

manland: Orange River bank near Abbasis, 3004. Sand at foot of

mountain between Wolftoon and Henkriesfontein, 3108. Dry river-

bed between Wortel and Aggenys, 3030. Great Namaqualand :

Sandy plains at Schakalskuppe, 4427.

7. Z. foetidwm, Schrad. and Wendl., Sert. Han., p. 17, t. 9.

Cape: Attis River-bed, 5384.

172 Annals of the South African Musewm.

8. Z. retrofractum, Thunb., Fl. Cap., p. 545.

Upper: Common on lower slopes above Loeriesfontein, 4854

Great Namaqualand: River-bed at Dalbaigabis, 4317. Namaqua-

land: Near Klipplaat, 3483. Doornport Ravine, 6128. Common

on slopes at Henriet, 3098. Stinkfontein, 5621. Alewyn’s Fontein,

3480.

In numbers 3483, 3480, 3098, and 6128 the capsule is very

narrowly winged, and appears to be very different from the capsule

of 4854 and 4317, which has 5 broad wings as described by Sonder

in Fl. Cap., vol. i. On a specimen collected by Mr. Burtt-Davy,

however, there are both broad- and narrow-winged capsules.

9. Z. tenue,n. sp., affine Z. retrofracto, sed habitu graciliore, foliis

latioribus obovatis, capsule prismatica anguste alata distinguitur.

Fruticulus omnino glaberrimus, ad 30°5 cm. altus, ramosus, ramls

patentibus vel suberectis strictis teretibus, pallidis vel demum

griseis ; internodiis 1-1-5 cm. longis ; folia opposita petiolata, petiolo

0-:1-0-2 em. longo, stipulata, stipulis ovatis acuminatis membranaceis

0:5-0:1 em. longis, bifoliolata, foliolis oblique obovato-oblongis, acutis

vel obtusis, basi cuneatis, carnosis griseo-viridibus, 0°35 cm. longis,

0-1-0:15 em. latis; flores axillares solitarii pedicellati, pedicello 0°15

longo; sepala obovato-oblonga, margine membranacea, 0°2-0°3 cm.

longa, 0:1-0:15 em. lata; petala unguiculata + 0°3 cm. longa, lamina

obovata, ungui tenuissimo aequilonga; squamis ad medium bifidis,

dimidium filamenti aequantibus; stylis brevis; capsula prismatica

anguste 5 alata, 05-06 cm. longa, 0°2-0°25 cm. lata.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy plains a little North of Ganus, 4500.

Sandy plain at Schakalskuppe, 4257.

A small shrub, entirely glabrous, up to 30°5 em. high, much

branched; branches spreading or suberect straight terete, whitish

or finally greyish; internodes 1-1:5 cm. long; leaves opposite

petiolate, the petiole 0:-1-0-2 cm. long, stipulate, the stipules ovate

acuminate membranous ‘05-0:1 cm. long, bifoliolate, the leaflets

obovate oblong oblique, acute or obtuse, cuneate at the base, fleshy,

grey-green, 0°35 cm. long, 0-1-0:15 cm. broad; flowers axillary

solitary pedicellate, the pedicel 0:15 cm. long; sepals obovate-oblong

with a membranous margin, 0°2-0°3 em. long, 0°-1-0:15 cm. broad ;

petals unguiculate + 0:3 em. long, the blade obovate equalling the very

slender claw ; stamens equalling the petals ; scales bifid to the middle,

half the length of the filaments; style short; capsule prismatic

narrowly dwinged, 0:5-0°6 cm. long, 0°2-0:25 em. broad.

This species comes nearest Z. retrofractum, Thunb., from which it

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 173

may be distinguished by its more slender habit, by the much broader

obovate leaves, and by the narrowly Swinged prismatic capsule.

10. Z. Dregeanum, Sond., in Fl. Cap., i., p. 365.

Bushmanland: Stony places towards Pella, 3581,

This plant has been named only from Sonder’s description of

Drége’s plant in Fl. Cap., vol. i. Drége’s plant, however, was

collected at Tradouw.

ll. Z. suffruticosum, Schinz, in Bull. herb. Boiss., ii., 188.

Great Namaqualand: A little West of Ganus, 4311. Sandy plains

a little North of Ganus, 4500. Sandy places South of Warmbad,

4033. Sandstone at Sandverhaar, 4671. Among rocks in kopje

near Dabaigabis, 4385. Namaqualand: At foot of mountain South

side of Raman’s Drift, 4073.

12. Z. longicapsulare, Schinz,

Namaqualand: Sandy valley leading down to Bethany Drift, 6950.

Ze Spr

Great Namaqualand : Tschauchab, common on lower mountain-

slopes, 4471.

4. Sp.

Bushmanland: Sandy veld between Buil’s Hoek and Doorn

River, 5395.

4. Sp.

Khamiesberg: Kharkams, 6583.

4. Sp.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy places South of Warmbad, 4033.

4. sp. Not in flower.

Common on kopje, Nieuwfontein, 3474.

4. Sp.

Karroo: Gansfontein, 3992.

Lie SDs

Great Namaqualand: Dry sand, 25-40 km. North of Warmbad, 4365.

174 Annals of the South African Museum.

ROSACEAE.*+

By Ruth Glover.

1. RUBUS.

1. RB. rigidus, Sm., in Rees., Cycl. 30, No. 8,

Cape: Damp spots Boontjes River, 5167.

2. ACAENA.

1. A. latebrosa, Ait., Hort. Kew, i., p. 16.

Cape: Warm Baths, Oliphant’s River Valley, 7126. Khamiesberg:

Common among grasses near Leliefontein Mission Station, 6738.

3. CLIFFORTIA.

1. C. ruscifolia, Linn., Sp. Pl., 1469.

Cape: Foot of Oliphant’s River Mts. near Warm Baths, 7126.

Common on hillsides at Leeuwfontein, 3182. Khamiesberg : Kham-

soap Ravine, 6542. Slopes of kopje South-west of Leliefontein, 6314.

Upper western slopes Sneeuwkop, 5826. Namaqualand: Common

on upper middle slopes Rietkloof Mt., northern aspect, 5692.

2. C. guniperina, Linn. f., Suppl. 430.

Cape: Among rocks near hilltops at Hottentots’ Kloof, 4946.

Namaqualand: Common on upper northern slopes Rietkloof

Mt., 5702.

4. GRIELUM.

1. G. humefusum, Thunb., Cap. 509.

Namaqualand: Brakdam, 6834.

2. G. Marlothu, Engler, Bot. Jahrb., x. (1889), 16.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy places 20-30 km. South of Warmbad,

374. Sandy places on plains about 30 km. North of Raman’s Drift,

4060. Sandy plains at Schakalskuppe, 4259. Broad sandy valley

North of Sabiesis, 4133. Sand at Sandverhaar, 4686.

* Report of the Perey Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

No. 58.

+ Contributed from the Bolus Herbarium, South African College.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 175

MYRTACEAE.*}

By Ruth Glover.

1. METROSIDEROS.

1. M. angustifolia, Smith, Linn. Transact., 3, 268.

Cape: Along the Oliphant’s River, Kradouw Pass, 5271. Boontjes

Rivier, river-bed near bridge, 6410.

HALORRHAGIDACEAE.*}

By Louisa Bolus.

1. SERPICULA.

1. S. repens, Linn., Mant. 124.

Cape: Sandy places along Oliphant’s River, Kradouw Krantz, 5288.

2. GUNNERA.

1. G. perpensa, Linn.

Cape: By streamside between Ceres and Leeuwfontein, 3236.

Khamiesberg: Under rocks in wet places close to stream, Khoms

Ravine, 6593. Five miles South-east of Leliefontein, 6245.

BRUNIACEAE.* +

By Ruth Glover.

BRUNIA.

1. B. nodiflora, Linn., Spec. Pl., p. 288.

Cape: Summit of Oliphant’s River Mts. behind Warm Baths,

7234, 7231.

t Reports of the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

Nos. 59, 60, 61.

§ Contributed from the Bolus Herbarium, South African College.

176 Annals of the South African Musewn.

DROSERACEAE.* |

By fiuth Glover.

DROSERA.

1. D. trinervia, Spreng., Anleit, i., p. 298.

Cape: Foothills Cold Bokkeveld Mts., opposite Warm Baths,

Oliphant’s River Valley, 7297. Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts.

near Warm Baths, 7295.

2. D. capensis, Linn., Sp. Pl., 403.

Cape: In damp places on slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts. near

Warm Baths, 7298.

3. D. cistiflora, Linn., Amoen., 6, p. 85.

Cape: Foot of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths, 7299,

7296. Khamiesberg: In sand near Naauwpoort, 6488.

LOASACEHEAE.* |

By Ruth Glover.

1. KISSENTA.

1. K. spathulata, R. Br., in Herb. Br. Mus.

Namaqualand: Sandy valley leading down to Bethany Drift, 6951.

Bushmanland: Common on broken ground West of Pella, 3544.

Great Namaqualand : Common on rocks on kopje near Gabis, 4323.

RANUNCULACEAE.*}

By uth Glover.

1. CLEMATIS.

1. C. Thunbergu, Steud., Nom., ed. 2, i., 380.

Khamiesberg: In kloof on South side of pass between Bowesdorp

and Groot Gans, 5880.

* Reports of the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

Nos. 62, 63, 64.

+ Contributed from the Bolus Herbarium, South African College,

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions, 177

2. KNOWLTONIA.

1. K. hirsuta, DC., Syst., i., p. 220.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Valley, 7286. Foot of Cold Bokkeveld

Mts., opposite Warm Baths, Oliphant’s River Valley, 7284.

2. K. vesicatoria, Curt., Bot. Mag. t. 775.

Cape: Foot of Cold Bokkeveld Mts., opposite Warm Baths, 7285.

3. RANUNCULUS.

1. R. pubescens, Thunb., Cap., p. 443.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm Baths, 7730.

PAPAVERACEAE.* +

By Ruth Glover.

1. CORYDALIS.

1. C. vesicaria, Pers., Syn., ii., 269.

Cape: Warm Baths, Oliphant’s River Valley, 7028. Khamies-

berg: Kharkams, 6682. Namaqualand: Between Bitterfontein and

Stinkfontein, 6556.

POLYGALACEAE.*|

By Ruth Glover.

1. POLYGALA.

1. BP. afinis, DC., Prod., i., p. 322.

Khamiesberg : in Khamsoap Ravine, 6543.

9. P. Lehmanniana, BE. and Z., Enum. 23.

Cape: Kloof below Warm Baths, Oliphant’s River Mts., 7212.

Khamiesberg, 7697.

3. P. virgata, Thunb., var. «, genistoides, Harv., Fl. Cap., i., p. 89.

Khamiesberg : Jutbosch Kloof, 6495.

* Reports of the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

Nos. 65, 66.

+ Contributed from the Bolus Herbarium, South African College.

178 Annals of the South African Museum.

4. P. bracteolata, Linn., Sp. Pl., 702.

Cape: Summit of Oliphant’s River Mts. near Warm Baths, 6495,

7214,

5. P. teretifolia, Thunb., Prod., p, 120.

Khamiesberg: Jutbosch Kloof, 6794.

2 NOUIN DTA:

1. M. spinosa, DC., Prod., i., p. 338,

Khamiesberg: Bailie’s Vlakte, 6612.

3. MURALTIA.

1, M. Hetsteria, DC., Prod., i., p. 335.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Valley, along road near Warm Baths,

7726.

2. M. divaricata, H. and Z., Enum. 28.

Cape: Summit of Oliphant’s River Mts. near Warm Baths, 7211,

6873, 6854.

3. M. obovata, DC., Prod., i., p. 337 (e descriptione).

Locality uncertain, probably Oliphant’s River Valley, 7723.

ASCLEPIADACEAE.*

By Louwsa Bolus and N. E. Brown.

1. CRYPTOLEPIS.

1. C. decidua, N. E. Brown.

Little Namaqualand: Dabainoris, on rocks, 3007. Great Nama-

qualand: Kopje 12 km. West of Sandverhaar, 4630. South of

Warmbad, 4024. Sandstone hills at Seeheim, 3729. Little Bush-

manland: Rocky ground on kopjes near Dabainoris, 3018. Damara-

land: Crevices in granite at Welwitsch, 4414.

* Report of the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

No. 67.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 179

2. ECTADIUM.

1. EL. latufoliwn, N. E. Br.

Great Namaqualand: Rotkuppe, 4461. Locality uncertain, 5028.

2. H. virgatum, EK. Mey., Comm. Pl. Afr.-Austr., 188.

Namaqualand : Orange River } mile South of Bethany Drift, 6043.

3. SECAMONE.

1. S. Alpini, Schultes, Syst. Veg., vi., 125.

Cape: Summit of south-western slopes above Pickenier’s Pass,

5129.

4, MICROLOMA.

1. MW. tenwifolium, K. Schum., in Engl. and Prantl, Pflanzenfam.,

1V., 1,, 222:

Cape: Hillsides Leeuwfontein, 3226. Mountain-slopes, Warm

Baths, Oliphant’s River Valley, 7294. Summit Oliphant’s River

Mts. near Warm Baths, 7292. Slopes above Pickenier’s Pass, 5186.

2. M. glabratum, HE. Mey., Comm. 222.

Cape: Sand flats between Driefontein and Heeren Logement,

6902. Khamiesberg: Kharkams, 6678.

3. M. sagittatwm, R. Br., in Mem. Wern. Soc., i., 53.

Cape: Along road from Warm Baths to Modderfontein, Oliphant’s

River Valley, 7291. Namaqualand: By roadside between Brakdam

and Rietkloof, 5666.

4, M.incanum, Dene. in D.C., Prodr., viii., 511.

Great Namaqualand: Gobas, 3635. Griindorn, 3136. Slopes at

Schakalskuppe, 4234. Rocky places near Dabaigabis, 4408. Sand

at base of kopje 20 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 4549. On kopje

12 km. West of Sandverhaar, 46130. Bushmanland: Rough ground

at Groot Rozynbosch, 3843. Rietfontein, 3444. Upper mountain-

slopes at Kweekfontein, 3813. Namaqualand: Dry river-bed South

of Daunabis, 6007. Little Bushmanland: Rocky ground near

Dabainoris, 3021.

M. incanwn, Dene., var. glabra, noy. var.

Rami ramulique rigidi subspinescentes glabri, virides vel vetus-

180 Annals of the South African Museum.

tiores lutescentes ; folia ad 0°6 cm. longa, vix 0-2 cm. lata; corolla

0°7 cm. longa, lobis haud vel obscure contortis, 0:2 cm. longis.

Great Namaqualand: Rotkuppe, 4462.

Branches and branchlets rigid subspinescent glabrous, green or

the older ones becoming yellowish; leaves up to 0°6 cm. long,

scarcely 0:2 em. wide; corolla 0:7 cm. long, the lobes not or

obscurely twisted.

5. M. longituba, Schlechter, in Bull. Herb. Boiss., iv., 445.

Great Namaqualand: Among rocks at Gabis, 4320. Sandy plains

near Raman’s Drift, 4054. Bushmanland: Kweekfontein, 3822.

6. M. Masson, Schlechter, in Journ. Bot., 1896, 418.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy plains 18 km. West of Aus, 4205.

5. XYSMALOBIUM.

1. Pearsonit, n. sp. X. carinato, N. E. Br., affine sed foliis longi-

oribus margine crispulatis, umbellis flores pauciores ferentibus,

corone lobis dorsaliter planis, columna staminali duplo longiore

distinguitur,

Herba perennis, ad 35 cm. alta, e basiramosa, ramis elongatis sub-

compressis, novellis exceptis, glaberrimis ; folia erecta vel adscen-

dentia, petiolata, infima oblongo-linearia, cetera anguste linearia,

acuta vel acuminata, apice interdum spiraliter contorta, basin versus

gradatim in petiolum 1:5-6 cm. longum attenuata, margine scabrida

crispulataque, ad 20 cm. (saepius 10-15 cm.) longa, 0°5-0°8 em. lata;

umbellae sessiles vel saepius pedunculatae, pedunculis ad 2-1 cm.

longis ; bracteae lineari-filiformes, 0°2-0°4 cm. longae; pedicelli

parce pilosi, 1-2-1:8 cm. longi; salycis segmenta oblongo-lanceolata,

acuta, extus parce pilosa, 0-4 cm. longa; corollae segmenta patentia

oblongo-lanceolata, marginibus delicatule revoluta, 0-6 cm. longa;

coronae lobi patenti-incurvi, e basi calumnae staminalis orientes et ei

aequantes, dorsaliter plani, ecarinati oblongi, apice rotundati minu-

teque bifidi; columna staminalis cylindrica, medio constricta, 0:4 em.

longa; appendices antherarum ampliatae rotundatae, in apicem con-

cavum styli inflexae ; alae 0-2 cm. longae; pollinia oblique lateque

obovata.

Khamiesberg: Khamiesberg plateau, alt. 5,000 ft., 6560.

A perennial herb, attaining 35 cm. in height, branched from the

base, the branches elongate, somewhat compressed, quite glabrous

iv > fl :

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Ann. S. Afr. Mus.Vol.IX. Plate: 1V.

F. Bolus del.ex sicco. West, Newman lith.

XYSMALOBIUM PHARSONII, Z. Bolus.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 181

except on the young parts ; leaves erect or ascending, petiolate, the

lowest oblong-linear, the rest narrow-linear, acute or acuminate,

sometimes spirally twisted at the apex, gradually attenuated towards

the base into a petiole 1-5-6 cm. long, scabrid and crisped on the

margin, up to 20 cm. (usually 10-15 cm.) long, 0°5-0°8 cm. wide;

umbels sessile, or more often pedunculate, peduncles up to 2:1 cm-

long ; bracts linear-filiform, 0:2-0'4 cm. long; pedicels sparingly

pilose, 1:2-1'8 cm. long; calyx-segments oblong-lanceolate acute,

sparingly pilose without, 0-4 cm. long; corolla-segments spreading

oblong lanceolate, the margins delicately revolute, 0°6 cm. long;

coronal lobes spreading-incurved, springing from the base of the

staminal column and equalling it in length, flattened at the back,

ecarinate oblong, rounded and minutely bilobed at the apex ;

staminal column cylindrical, constricted in the middle, 0:4 cm. long ;

anther-appendages ample rounded, inflexed over the concave style-

apex ; wings 0*2 cm. long; pollinia obliquely and broadly obovate.

Allied to X. carinatum, N. E. Br., but readily distinguished from

that species by its longer leaves with crisped margins, fewer flowered

umbels, coronal lobes dorsally flattened, and the staminal column

being twice the length.

Plate IV., Fig. 1, sketch of portion of a branchlet, nat. size; 2,

coronal lobes and gynostege ; 3, one of the coronal lobes; 4, gynos-

tege; 5, one of the stamens viewed from within, the anther appen-

dage tipped up; 6, pollinarium; 7, style-apex, viewed from above—

all the latter variously magnified.

6. ASCLEPIAS.

1. A. filéformis, Benth. and Hook. f., Gen. Pl., ii.,. 753 and 754.

Great Namaqualand: Rocky places near stream-bed, a little South

of Dabaigabis, 4409. Stony ridge about 8 miles South-west of

Bitterfontein, 3871. Damaraland: Welwitsch, 4156, 4155.

9. A. fruticosa, Linn., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, 216.

Cape: Damp places, southern aspect above Pickenier’s Pass, 5173.

3. A. rotundifolia, Mill., Dict., ed. 8, No. Lo.

Cape: Foot of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths, 7293.

Namaqualand: In fissures in granite blocks South of the town,

Steinkop, 4711. Rock crevices at Koets, 5727. Bushmanland ;

kopjes, Nieuwfontein, 3432.

182 Annals of the South African Musewno.

7. CYNANCHUM.

1. C. orangeanum, N. E. Br., in Fl. Cap., iv., § 1, p. 745.

Great Namaqualand: In sand near stream-bed, on plain 12 km.

West of Sandverhaar, 4268. South of the railway line 20 km. West

of Sandverhaar, 3652. Sandy stream-bed 1st outspan North of Gabis,

4474. Sand on flat 12 km. West of Sandverhaar, 4452. Sandy

plain South of Schakalskuppe Station in river-course, 4774.

2. C. africanum, R. Br., Prodr., 463.

Khamiesberg : Namaroup, 6529.

3. C. Meyert, Schlitr., var. angustifolia, nov. var. Suffrutex 3-4

pedalis; folia saepissime lanceolata acuta mucronata, ad 1:3 cm.

longa, 0°5 cm. lata, rarissime ovalia vel obovata; flores in racemos

densissimos abbreviatos, simplices vel saepius 2—3 furcatos dispositi,

racemis extra-axillaribus, breviter pedunculatis, pedunculis crassis,

0:2-0°3 cm. longis; bracteae persistentes minutae, axi florifero

reliquis delapsorum pedicellorum conspicue notato.

Great Namaqualand: In sand and crevices in granite near top

of hill North of Rotkuppe Station, 4466.

A shrublet 3-4 ft. high ; leaves usually lanceolate acute mucronate,

up to 1:3 cm, long, 0°56 cm. broad, very rarely oval or obovate ;

flowers arranged in very dense abbreviated, simple or more often

2-3 furcate, extra-axillary, shortly pedunculate racemes, the

peduncles thick, 0°2-0°3 cm. long; bracts persistent minute, the

flowering axis conspicuously marked by the remains of the fallen

pedicels.

Plate V., Fig. 1, sketch of a branch, nat. size ; 2, an inflorescence,

showing the minute persistent bracts and scars of the fallen pedicels ;

3, one of the flowers; 4, corolla, laid open; 5, corona, flattened ;

6, gynostege; 7, one of the stamens, separated from the staminal

column, anterior view—all the latter variously magnified.

8. SARCOSTEMMA.

1. S. viminale, R. Br.

Great Namaqualand: Akam River-bed, 4426.

Peano. Ate: Mins. Vol 1X .

F. Bolus del.ex sicco. West, Newman lith.

7 CYNANCHUM MEYERI, Schltr. var, ANGUSTIFOLIA, Z. Bolus.

{

= = wi

——

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 183

9. PERGULARIA.

1. P. gariepensis, N. E. Br., in Fl. Cap., iv., § 1, p. 758.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy places and stream-beds South of

Warmbad, 4035. River-bed between Dabaigabis and Gabis, 4368,

Just above high-water mark Lowen’s River, Gawachab. Namaqua-

land: Sandy bed of Orange River about ? mile South of Bethany

Drift, 6041. Bushmanland: Sand in broad valley leading down

to Raman’s Drift, 4703. Dabainoris in sand, 3008.

10. ORTHANTHERA.

1. O. albida, Schinz, in Verhandl., Bot. Ver. Brandenb., xxx., 265.

Great Namaqualand: Among rocks near Holoog, 4121. Damara-

land: Shallow ravine between Welwitsch Station and Kham River,

4141, 4149,

11, TRICHOCAULON.

1. T. meloforme, Marl., Trans. Roy. Soc. §.A., vol. ii, p. 239.

Great Namaqualand: Lower slopes of kopje above the pass leading

down to Griindoorn, 4358.

2. T. sp., indeterminable without flowers.

12. HOODIA.

1. H. Gordoni, Sweet, Hort. Brit., ed. 2, 359.

Karroo: Near Schuurkraal, 3915. Little Namaqualand: South

side of pass between Grauwater and Plaatklip, 3299.

13. CARALLUMA.

1. C. Nebrowni, Berger.

Great Namaqualand: Griindoorn, stony slopes, 4350.

VERBENACEAE.*

By H. H. W. Pearson.

BOUCHEA.

1. B. glandulifera, H. H. W. Pearson, in FI. Cap., v., 204.

Bushmanland: In rocky places on the sides of the ravine at

* Report of the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

No. 68.

184 Annals of the South African Musewm.

Groot Rozynbosch, 3624. Ougrabies, on rocky hillsides, 3574.

Among rocks ‘on _ hillsides near Henkriesfontein, 3089. Great

Namaqualand: Common among rocks at Gabis, 4331.

Also occurs in Little Namaqualand.

2. B. namaquana, Bolus, e H. H. W. Pearson in Flor. Cap., v.,

204, var. latifolia, nov. var., foliis basi subtruncata 0°5-1 cm.

longa latioraque.

Bushmanland: Near wagon track, Groot Rozynbosch, 3838.

Dabainoris, 3615.

3. B. pwmila, Schauer, in DC., Prodr., xi., 560.

Bushmanland : Dry sandy plains between Wortel and Dabainoris,

3027. Ougrabies: Sand of dry river-bed, 2929. Great Namaqua-

land: Sandy plains 23-30 km, South of Warmbad, 5039. Dry sandy

river-bed 20 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 4522.

A small-leaved incomplete specimen (Little Namaqualand, 3280)

may perhaps belong to this species.

4. B. pinnatifida, Schauer, in DC., Prodr., xi., 560.

Great Namaqualand: Schakalskuppe, 4239.

PROTEACEAE.*

By EH. P. Phillips.

1. BRABIEUM.

1. B. stellatifoliwm, L.

Cape Region: Oliphant’s River-bed near outspan, Nov. 26th,

5277.

The above locality is a new one for the species.

2. LEUCADENDRON.

1. G. pubescens, R. Br., in Trans. Linn. Soc., x., 6.

Coast Region : Sand flats between Driefontein and Heeren Loge-

ment. Bush 4-6 ft., 6802. At base of cliffs in Oliphant’s River-

bed between Lang Kloof and Nardouw Pass; bush 8-10 ft., 5347,

* Report of the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

No. 69.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 185

5349. Near to Modderfontein, Oliphant’s River Valley; flowers

yellow, 6912, 6913 g, 6916 9. Right-hand mountain-side behind

Warm Baths; shrub 2 ft., 6943. Giftberg Range, 1-2,000 ft. ;

bush 4-6 ft., 7419.

Hitherto only recorded from the Piquetberg and Tulbagh

Divisions, and is the first time the female plant has been collected.

A full description of the species follows.

Bush 13-33 m. high. Branches densely pubescent, almost

tomentose. Leaves subequal in the two sexes, 2°14 in. long,

35-1 em. broad, oblanceolate, obtuse, narrowed at the base, glabrous

or finely pubescent. Male inflorescence solitary at the end of the

branches, 8 mm. long, 9 mm. in diameter, subglobose. Involucral

bracts 2—4-seriate, 3°56 mm. long, 2-25 mm. broad, ovate, sub-

acuminate, obtuse, tomentose, ciliate. Floral-bracts 3-5 mm. long,

linear, concave, obtuse, villous. Perianth-tube 2°5 mm, long,

cylindric, villous ; segments 2 mm. long, linear, pilose; limb 1 mm.

long, linear, obtuse, villous. <Anthers ‘75 mm. long, linear. Style

4-5 mm. long, terete, villous; stigma -75 mm. long, clavate.

Fruiting female head 3-3°5 em. long, about 3 cm. in diameter,

globose, not hidden by the upper foliage leaves. Involucral bracts

3—4-seriate, similar to those of the male. Floral bracts woody,

1:5 cm. long, 1:7 cm. broad, ovate, rounded above, strongly concave,

tomentose, becoming densely villous on the upper half. Perianth

1:2 em. long, 2°5 mm. broad, oblong» membranous, glabrous; in the

upper half ‘56 mm. broad, linear, villous. Hypogynous scales 3-5 mm.

long, linear. Ovary 4 mm. long, obovate in outline, strongly keeled

on the dorsal face, sparsely pilose ; style 6 mm. long, linear, bulbous

and villous at the base; stigma oblique. Frwit 1:2 em. long, °9 cm.

broad, biconvex, obovate in outline, glabrous, except for a few hairs

at the apex, dark, almost black.

9. L. adscendens, R. Br., in Trans. Linn. Soc., x., 61.

Cape Region: Top of mountains at Hottentots’ Kloof; bush 2 ft.,

common, 4922, 5046. Top of Oliphant’s River Mts. behind Warm

Baths, 69189; Kloof below Warm Baths, 6942; bracts golden,

6856 ¢ , 6941, 6939 ¢ ; Oliphant’s River Mts.; common in patches;

bracts yellow with very red heads, 6923; Oliphant’s River Valley,

near Modderfontein; bush 24 ft., flowers silvery pink, 6915;

Oliphant’s River Mts. behind Warm Baths; bush 3$ ft., 6903. Gift-

berg Range, 1-2,000 ft. ; bush 2-3 ft.,common, 7410, 7412. Without

precise locality, 5046.

This is a very common species widely distributed over the South-

186 Annals of the South African Museum.

Western Region of the Cape Province. It has also been found on

the Zwartbergen in the Laingsburg Division at an altitude of

about 4,000 ft.

3. L. plumosum, R. Br., in Trans. Linn. Soe., x., 53.

Cape Region : Mountain-tops at Hottentots’ Kloof; bush, 1-3 ft.,

common, 4932, 4933. Oliphant’s River Mts. behind Warm Baths,

69199, 69359, 69332, 662739, 6926.

A common species widely distributed over the South-Western

Region of the Cape Province. Has also been recorded from the

Zwartbergen in the Laingsburg Division at an altitude of about

4,000 ft.

4, I. decurrens, R. Br., in Trans. Linn. Soce., x., 59.

Cape Region: Oliphant’s River Mts. behind Warm Baths ;

shrub 2-24 ft., 6904, 6905, 6906, 6929, 6930, 6940, 6945 ; bush 4 ft.,

6907 ; bracts greenish-brown cup, 6925; same locality, very common,

covers mountain-sides with red in patches, 6922.

This species has been recorded from the Clanwilliam, Piquetberg,

Tulbagh, Worcester, Caledon, and Ceres Divisions.

5. L. lanigerum, Buek., in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 198.

Coast Region: At base of cliffs on Oliphant’s River between

Lang Kloof and Nardouw Pass; bush 8-10 ft., common, 53472,

5349 3.

Hitherto only recorded from the Paarl, Stellenbosch, and Ceres

Divisions.

6. L. discolor, Buek., in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Documente, 198.

Cape Region: Giftberg Range, 1-2,000 ft., growing near a

stream, 7417.

This specimen has only once previously been collected, viz., by

Drége on the Piquetberg.

7. L. sessile, R. Br., in Trans. Linn. Soe., x., 54.

Cape Region: Oliphant’s River behind Warm Baths; shrub

2-3 ft., 6931.

The type specimen of this species preserved in the British

Museum is very fragmentary. A more complete description than

that in the “Flora Capensis”’ is given below.

Frutex 06-1 m. altus. Lanuli pubescentes. Folia 35-55 em.

longa, 0°5-2°7 em. lata, lanceolata, apice obtuse-mucronata, basi

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 187

paullo angustata, glabra, rare ciliata. Inflorescentia 3 terminalia,

sessilia, solitaria, 1:3 cm. longa, circa 1 cm. lata. Receptaculwm

5 mm. longum, conicum. Involucri bracteae 5-6 seriatae, 9 mm.

longae, circa 5 mm. latae, oblongae, acuminatae, apice acutae,

glabrae, ciliatae. Bracteae floriferae 1:1 em. longae, lineares, paullo

superne dilatatae, apice actuae vel subacutae, sulcatae, glabrae.

Pervanthi tubus 1 em. longus, subteres, glaber ; segmenta 1 cm.

longa, linearia, glabra; limbus 4 mm. longus, lanceolato-linearis,

apice obtusus. Antherae 3 mm. longae, lineares. Stylus 16 mm.

longus, filiformis, glaber ; stigma 1 mm. longum, cylindricum, apice

obtusum. Squamae hypogynae 6 mm. longae, lineares. Inflores-

centia @ sessilia, solitaria, 4 cm. longa, cirea 4 cm. lata, subglobosa,

foliis cireumdata. Bracteae florifereae ovatae, apice obtusae, con-

cavae, costatae, dense tomentosae ; inferiores retlexae. Perianthir

tubus 1 mm. longus, plana, villosus; segmenta 2°5 mm. longa,

linearia; limbus 1°5 mm. longus, ovatus, apice obtusus, glaber.

Stamonodia 0°75 mm. longa, oblonga, apice obtusa. Stylus 1 cm.

longus, paullo inferne angustatus; stigma 1 cm. longum, oblique

truncatum. Fructus 7 mm. longus, 9 mm. latus, obovatus vel

oblongus, externus convexus, internus planus, rugosus, glaber.

8. Leucadendron Roodii, sp. nov. (Proteaceae-Proteeae) affinis

L. venoso, R. Br., sed stylis § villosis, et bracteis 2 glabris differt.

Frutex 1-15 m. altus. Ramuli 9 glabri; ramuli ¢ pilis debilis

villosi. Folia 1-8-4 em. longa, 0-6-1:1 em. lata, oblanceolata vel

elliptico-oblanceolata, apice distincte calloso-mucronata, basi angus-

tata, glabra, interdum pilis debilis pilosa, et in g apice ciliata.

Inflorescentia 3 sessilia, terminalia, solitaria, 1 cm. longa, circiter

1:3. em. lata, foliis cireumdata. Receptaculum 7 mm. longum,

ceylindricum. Involucri bracteae 2-3 seriateae, 6-7 mm. longae,

4-6 mm. latae, ovatae, apice obtusae, interdum apice sacculatae,

glabrae, ciliatae. Bracteae florifera 7 mm. longae, lanceolatae, apice

obtusae, pilosae. Perianthi tubus 4 mm. longus, claber, compressus ;

segmenta spathulato-linearia, glabra ; limbus 3 mm. longus, linearis,

apice obtusus. Antherae 2 mm. longae, lineares. Squamae hypogynae

5 mm. longae, lineares. Stylus 6 mm. longus, teres, villosus ;

stigma 2 mm. longum, cylindricum. Inflorescentia ? 1:3 em. longa,

circiter 1:3 cm. lata, globosa. Receptaculum 8 mm. longum,

cylindricum. Bracteae 5 mm. longae, 0:-45-1:2 cm. latae, ovatae,

subacuminatae, apice obtusae, glabrae; extimae steriles, interdum

basi minute ciliatae. Perianthit tubus 7 mm. longus, compressus,

laterale villosus, aliter glaber ; segmenta 2°5 mm. longa, linearia;

188 Annals of the South African Musewm.

limbus 1°3 mm. longus, linearis, apice obtusus; staminodia 1 mm.

longa, linearia Squamae hypogynae 4 mm. longae, lineares,

acuminatae. Ovarium 3°5 mm. longum, ovatum, glabrum; stylus

7 mm. longus, linearis, superne dilatatus, glaber ; stigma clavatum,

distincte bifidum.

Cape Region: Giftberg Range, 1-2,000 ft., 7411.

Named in honour of Mr. Rood, of Van Rhynsdorp, whose valuable

assistance made the trip to the Gift Berg a success.

9. L. Pearsonw, sp. nov. Frutex 1-3-2 rm. altus. Ramuli glabri.

Folia 3-6 cm. longa, 1:5-2°7 cm. alta, oblanceolata, elliptico-

oblanceolata vel elliptica, glabra. Inflorescentia 3 2°5 ecm. longa,

3 cm. lata, globosa. Involucrt bracteae 7-seriatae, convexae, 8 mm.

longae, 8 mm. latae, apice obtusae, glabrae. Bracteae floriferae

lineares, villosae. Stylus villous. Inflorescentia g 1:8 cm. longa,

2 cm. lata, subglobosa. Jnvolucri bracteae 2-3-seriatae, 8 mm.

longae, 7 mm. latae, glabrae. Bracteae floriferae 9 mm. longae,

15 em. latae, albo-tomentosae. ructus 7 mm. longus, 9°5 mm.

latus, glaber.

A bush 13-2 m. high. Branches terete, glabrous. Leaves equal

in the two sexes, 3-6 em. long, 1°5-2°7 cm. wide, rarely only 1 cm.

wide, oblanceolate, elliptic-oblanceolate or elliptic, apiculate at the

apex, slightly narrowed at the base, glabrous, leathery. Male inflor-

escence hidden by the upper foliage leaves, 2°5 cm. long, 3 em. in

diameter, globose. Involucral bracts about 7-seriate, convex, 8 mm.

long, 8 mm. broad, suborbicular, obtuse, shortly apiculate, glabrous.

Floral bracts 9 mm. long, 1-1°5 mm. broad, linear, shortly acuminate,

subobtuse, villous with long white hairs. Perianth 1:5 em. long,

villous at the base; limb 3:5 mm. long, linear, obtuse, villous.

Anthers 3 mm. long, linear. Hypogynous scales 6 mm. long, filiform.

Style 1:2 cm. long, terete, villous; stigma 3 mm. long, plano-

convex in cross-section. J’emale inflorescence hidden by the upper

foliage leaves, 1°8 cm long, 2 cm. in diameter, subglobose. Invo-

lucral bracts 2-3-seriate, 8 mm. long, 7 mm. broad, suborbicular,

apiculate, glabrous, slightly glutinose, with shortly ciliate margins.

Floral bracts 9 mm. long, 1°5 cm. broad, transversely oblong, rounded

above, densely albo-tomentose on the lower half. Perzanth 1 em.

long, dorso-ventrally compressed, lateral segments slightly villous,

otherwise glabrous; limb | mm. long, linear, obtuse. Style 8 mm.

long, linear, looped and bulbous at the base; stigma shortly bifid at

the apex. /rwt 7 mm. long, 9:5 mm. broad, transversely oblong in

outline, double convex, glabrous, rugose, dark reddish brown.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 189

Cape Region : Sandy flats between Driefontein and Heeren Loge-

ment. Bush 4-6 ft. high September 24nd, 1911, 6796.

Named in honour of Dr. H. H. W. Pearson.

3. PROTEA.

1. P. marginata, Thunb. in Hoffm. Phytogr. Blaett., i., 15.

Cape Region: Hilltops at Hottentot’s Holland Kloof; tree 15 ft.,

4915. Mitchell’s Pass, near top; common; tree 10 ft., 5109.

Oliphant’s River Mts. near Warm Baths; shrub 54 ft., flowers silvery

pink, bracts tipped with magenta hairs, 6909; shrub 8-9 ft. high,

6908 ; bracts bluish-pink, tipped with black hairs, 6934. Guftberg

Range, 1—2,000 ft., 7629.

This species has also been recorded from the Tulbagh, Paarl,

Swellendam, and Port Elizabeth (?) Divisions.

2. P. grandiflora, Thunb., Diss. Prot., 56.

Cape Region : Common on hillsides at Leeuwfontein, 2,500ft. ; tree

12-15 ft. high, 3684. Top of Oliphant’s River Mts. behind Warm

Baths; 6-7 ft. high, heads yellowish-green, young shoots brilliant

red, 6944. Giftberg Range, 1-2,000 ft.; tree 12-15 ft. high,

common, 7418 bis.

A fairly widely distributed species, has been collected in the Paarl,

“Cape, Caledon, Swellendam, Humansdorp, and Ceres Divisions.

This tree also grows plentifully on the Zwartbergen in the Laings-

burg Division at an altitude of 4-5,000 ft.

3. P. glabra, Thunb., Diss. Prot., 42.

Cape Region: On edge of plateau on top of Nardouw Kloof, 5417.

Giftberg Range, 1-2,000 ft.; tall bush, 4-5 ft., common, 7418.

Specimens of this species were collected by Drége and Schlechter

in the Clanwilliam Division and by Drége in the Calvinia Division.

4. P. scolymocephala, Reich., Syst. Pl., 1., 271.

Cape Region: Oliphant’s River Valley near Modderfontein ; small

bush, bracts yellow, 6917.

Also recorded from the Paarl, Cape, and Stellenbosch Divisions.

5. P. scabra, R. Br., in Trans. Linn. Soe., x., 91.

Cape Region: Top of Oliphant’s River Mts. behind Warm Baths,

6910.

190 Annals of the South African Musewm.

The first record from this locality ; the species has only been known

before from the Caledon, Swellendam, and Uniondale Divisions.

6. P. acaulis, Thunb., Diss. Prot., 56.

Cape Region: Oliphant’s River Mts. behind Warm Baths ;

straggling, very common, flowers pale green; flowers cerise, 6928.

Also recorded from the Tulbagh, Paarl, Cape, Caledon, Bredasdorp,

and Uitenhage Divisions.

7. P. angustata, R. Br., in Trans. Linn. Soc., x., 90.

Cape Region: Gift Berg Range, 1-2,000 ft., procumbent plant,

bracts brown, 7414.

This plant has the same habit as Leuwcospermum hypophyllum,

R. Br., the stem trails on the ground and all the leaves point sky-

wards ; differs from any other Protea I have examined in that either

all the perianth segments are free below the limb or two free and

two fused below or all along. I took this to be a form of P. acaulis,

Thunb., but Dr. Stapf, to whom a specimen was sent, reports: ‘I

take it to be an anomalous state of P. angustata, as represented by

Schlechter’s No. 9539, which differs from the rest in the scantier

tomentum of the perianth sheath.” P. angustata, however, might

possibly be an extreme, narrow-leaved state of P. acaulis. (See

Fl. Cap., v., 604.)

A procumbent shrub. Branches trailing on the ground, glabrous,

smooth, becoming rough when older. JLeaves all turning skywards,

8-13 cm. long, 0-4—1'1 cm. broad, linear to lanceolate-linear, subacu-

minate, acute, attenuated at the base into a petiole, glabrous, with

thickened margins, and a distinct mid-rib when dry. Capituluwm

subsessile at the end of the branches, slightly curved upwards, 3 cm.

long, about 3-3°d cm. wide; receptacle 5 mm. high, conical. Jnwvo-

lucral bracts 12-18 seriate ; the outer ovate, obtuse, glabrous, ciliate ;

the inner more or less oblong and convex on the back; the inner-

most spathulate, clawed, glabrous, ciliate, exceeding the flowers.

Pervanth sheath 18 cm. long, bent, dilated, and 7-nerved and

3-keeled below, villous in the uppermost third, otherwise glabrous,

ciliate, the posticous (adaxial) usually splitting into 2, sometimes 3,

segments ; lip 5 mm. long, villous and slightly bearded. Stamens

all fertile ; anthers 4°5 mm. long, linear; apical glands 0-5 mm. long,

ovate, obtuse; filament 1 mm. long, flattened, grooved. Ovary

3 mm. long, obovate-oblong in outline, covered with long reddish-

brown hairs, 6 mm. long. Style 2°5 cm. long, arcuate, tapering

upwards, laterally compressed below, glabrous ; stigma 3 mm. long,

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 191

linear swollen at the apex, slightly swollen and curved at the

junction with the style.

4, LEUCOSPERMUM.

1. L. ellipticum, R. Br., in Trans. Linn. Soe., x., 98.

Cape Region: Upper slopes Pickenier’s Pass; bush up to 5 ft.

high, spreading, perianth beetroot colour, bracts green below, bright

red, styles orange in upper half, 5137.

Also recorded from the Clanwilliam and Tulbagh Divisions.

2. L. tottum, R. Br., in Trans. Linn. Soe., x., 97.

Cape Region: Top of Oliphant’s River Mts. behind Warm Baths ;

bracts reddish-pink, 6862. (Flowers immature, H.P.P.)

The above locality is a new record, the species only having been

known from the Worcester and Ceres Divisions.

3 L.candidans, Loud, Hort. Brit., ed. 1, 36.

Cape Region: Sand Bay near Robertson; bush 8 ft. high, flowers

yellowish, 5108. Oliphant’s River Valley, foothills of Cold Bokke-

veld opposite Warm Baths; flowers yellow, 6920; road to Modder-

fontein ; flowers yellow, 6914.

Also recorded from the Clanwilliam, Malmesbury, and Caledon

Division.

4. Ly. pwberum, R. Br., in Trans. Linn. Soe., x., 100.

Cape Region : Giftberg Range, 1—-2,000 ft., 7386, 7416. Oliphant’s

River Valley, near Modderfontein, 6936.

A widely distributed species in the South-Western Region of the

Cape, but has also been collected by Drége on the Bokkeveld Mts.

in the Ceres Division, and has also been recently taken on the

Zwartbergen in the Laingsburg Division at an altitude of

45,000 ft.

5. L. cartilaginewm, Phill., in Fl. Cap., v., 636.

Western Region: Upper south-west slopes of Beacon’s Hill,

North-west of Leliefontein, 5,300(?)-5,500 ft.; round bushes,

2-4 ft. high, 6330.

Hitherto this species has only been collected by Drége, Niven,

and Roxburgh, and was described by R. Brown in the Trans. of the

Linn. Soc. as a Leucadendron.

192 Annals of the South African Musewn.

5. SERRURIA.

1. S. Attonti, R. Br.

Cape Region: Common on top of Oliphant’s River Mts. beyond

Warm Baths, 1-3 ft. high, 6938.

Formerly coliected by Drége and Schlechter in the Piquetberg

Division and by Drége in the Clanwilliam Division.

2. S. millefolia, Kn.

Cape Region: Giftberg Range, 1—2,000 ft.; spreading bush, 2-4 ft.

high, flowers white, 7376.

A common species in the Van Rhynsdorp and Clanwilliam

Divisions, but has also been recorded from the Paarl and Cape

Divisions. ;

3. S. fucifolia, Kn.

Cape Region: In sand on plateau on summit of Nardouw Mts. ;

very common, bush 2-4 ft. high, 5424. Giftberg Range, 1—2,000 ft. ;

bush 1-2 ft., flowers white, 7420; bush 4-5 ft. (leaves only), 7413.

This species is only known from the Van Rhynsdorp, Clanwilliam,

and Piquetberg Divisions.

4. S. cygnea, R. Br.

Cape Region : Top of Oliphant’s River Mts. beyond Warm Baths;

decumbent, flowers silvery pink, 6924.

Recorded also from ‘the Tulbagh and Worcester Divisions.

6. NIVENIA.

1. N. spicata, R. Br., in Trans. Linn. Soc., x., 136.

Cape Region: Common on slopes above Pickenier’s Kloof, 5189.

Oliphant’s River Mts. at Warm Baths; buds silvery grey, shrub

2-5 ft. high, 6937. Gift Berg Range, 1—2,000 ft.; spreading bush

2-24 ft. high, 7415.

( 193 )

11.—List oF THE PLANTS COLLECTED IN THE PERCY SLADEN

MemoriaL Expepitions, 1908-9, 1910-11, coNTINUED.

CARYOPHYLLACEAE.”

By Ruth Glover.t

1. SPERGULARIA.

1. S. media, Pers., ex Griseb. Spicil. Fl. Rumel., 1., 213.

Karroo: Sandy river-bed, Beukesfontein, 5004. East slopes of

ridges at Attis, 5461. River-bed near Pappekuil, 3982. Sandy

river-bed North of Gansfontein, 3986. Khamiesberg: Kharkams,

6700.

9. SPERGULA.

1. S. arvensis, Linn., Sp. Pl., 440.

Cape: Lower slopes Cold Bokkeveld Mts., opposite Warm Baths,

Oliphant’s River Valley, 7159.

3. 9 LE AA:

1. S. media, Cyrill., Char. Comm. (1784), 36.

Cape: Foot of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths, 7161,

6689, 7157, 7156.

4, CERASTIUM.

1. C. capense, Sond., in Hary. and Sond., Fl. Cap., 1., 131.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Valley, foothills of Cold Bokkeveld Mts.,

* Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa. Report No. 71

(Caryophyllaceae-Gramineae).

+ Contributed by the Bolus Herbarium of the South African College.

194. Annals of the South African Museum.

opposite Warm Baths, 6888. Khamiesberg: Damp shady places

near water. Khoms Ravine, 6490.

5. SILENE.

1. S. Burchellu, Otth.,in DC., Prod., i., 374.

Cape : Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths, 7158.

2. S. clandestina, Jacq., Coll. Suppl., 111.

Khamiesberg: Foot of Giftberg, 6760. Cape: Nine miles along

the Leeuwfontein Road, 3509.

3. S. gallica, Linn., Sp. Pl., 417.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths, 7160.

4. S. capensis, Otth., in DC., Prod., i., 379.

Cape: Foot of Cold Bokkeveld Mts., opposite Warm Baths,

Oliphant’s River Valley, 7154, 7155, 6861. By roadside between

Hottentots’ Kloof and Karroopoort, 5007, 4831. Khamiesberg:

Stream-side on South side of pass between Bowesdorp and Groot

Gans, 5883. Among bushes near water, Khoms Ravine, 6582, 6652.

Vogelklip facing South-east Khamiesberg, 5927.

6. DIAN TEMUS:

ID ecrenaius. “hunb., Prod: Pl, Cap:, 81:

Khamiesberg: Among bushes in dry stream-bed lower south-

eastern slopes, Vogelklip, 5904. Roadsides and cornlands, Brakdam,

5604.

2. Dcaespitosus, Thunb, 1. c., Sill.

Khamiesberg : Summit of kopje South-west of Leliefontein, 6312.

3. D. pectinatus, EH, Mey., ex Sond., in Harv. and Sond., Fl. Cap.,

i., 124,

Cape: In sand in crevices of rock, Oliphant’s River-bed, North end

Nardouw Kloof, 5334.

4, D. incurvus, Thunb., Prod. Pl. Cap., 81.

Cape: Common on burnt-out pasture, Leeuwfontein, 3180, 3189.

oe De scaber se nunbe tec Ol.

Cape: Roggeveld after Blauwkrantz Pass, 4984.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 195

PORTULACACEAE.

By Ruth Glover.

1. TALINUM.

1. Talinum caffrum, BK. and Z., Enum., 282.

Great Namaqualand: Kopje above pass leading down to Griindoorn,

4448. Sandy plain leading down to Griindoorn, 4431. Sandy

stream-bed near Ganus, 4584. Sandy plain near Ganus. Among

stones on kopjes between Dabaigabis and Gabis, 4586. Fissures in

rocks on kopjes near last outspan South of Griindoorn, 4338. Banks

of dry stream-bed on flat 12 km. West of Sandverhaar, 4453. Sandy

plains around Schakalskuppe, 4162. Rocky places 12 miles South

of Raman’s Drift, 4642.

STERCULIACEAE.

By E. L. Stephens, J. Hutchinson, and Ruth Glover.

1. HERMANNIA.

1. H. comosa, Burch., Cat., 1683.

Great Namaqualand: Among quartzite blocks, Akam River basin,

4746.

2. H. althaeifolia, Linn., Sp. Pl., 673.

Locality uncertain, 5855.

3. H. presliana, Turcz, in Bull. Soc. Mosce., xxxii., 1, 259.

Cape: Mountain slopes, Oliphant’s River Valley, near Warm

Baths, 6875. Kloof below Warm Baths, Oliphant’s River Valley,

7289, 7290.

4. H. disermifolia, Jacq., Hort. Schoenb., i., 65, t. 121.

Khamiesberg: Tweerivieren, above settlement on eastern side,

6602. Hill above Tweerivieren, 6772. Namaqualand: Doorn-

poort Ravine, 6129. Sand of river-bed near Brakwater dam below

Modderfontein Pass, 5995.

5. H. alnifolia, Linn., Sp. Pl., 674.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm Baths, 7287.

196 Annals of the South African Museum.

6. H. pallens, HE. and Z., Enum. 47.

Khamiesberg: Naras Ravine, 6709.

7. H. hirsuta, Schrad. and Wendl., in Sert. Han., t. 4.

Cape: Foothills, Cold Bokkeveld Mts., opposite Warm Paths,

Oliphant’s River Valley, 7288. Khamiesberg: Between stones on

middle south-eastern slopes Zuurberg, Anegas, 6259. Elliottsberg,

7702. Sneeuwkop, south-eastern slopes above Modderfontein,

5852. Among rocks on kopje South-west of Leliefontein Mission

Station, 6311. Namaqualand: Between Middelkraal and Brakdam,

5613.

8. H. denudata, Linn. f., Suppl., 301.

Locality uncertain, 5387.

9. H. brachypetala, Harv., in Harv. and Sond., Flor. Cap., i., 202.

Bushmanland: On sand dunes, Aggenys, 2920. Namaqualand :

Sandy slopes at Kamabies, 3774. Great Namaqualand : Sand dunes

and river-bed, Sandverhaar, 4678, 4660.

10. H. gariepina, E. and Z., Enum. 49.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy river-bed near Dabaigabis, 4394.

11. H. paucifolia, Turez, in Bull. Mose., 1858, 218.

Great Namaqualand: Railway embankment 18 km. West from

Aus, 4218.

12. H. trifurcata, Linn., Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 942.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Valley, near Warm Baths, 7201, 7200.

Sand flats between Driefontein and Heeren Logement, 6747.

Karroo: In river-bed, Pappekuil, 9683. Locality uncertain, 3683.

13. H. spinosa, EB. Mey., in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Docum., 192.

Bushmanland : Exact locality unknown, 3614. Groot Roggebosch,

5033. Great Namaqualand: Quartzite blocks, Akam River basin,

4759. Sandy places about 25 km. South of Warmbad, 4028. Stream-

courses at base of mts. at Schakalskuppe, 4248. 20 km. North of

Raman’s Drift, 4067.

14. H. modesta, Planch., ex Mast., in Oliv. Flor. Trop., 1., 232.

Great Namaqualand : Sandy plain at Schakalskuppe, 4771. Akam

River, 8 km. South of Kuibis, 4752.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 197

15. H. stricta, Harv., in Harv. and Sond., Flor. Cap., i., 206.

Namaqualand: North slopes Rietkloof Mt., 5714. Great Nama-

qualand : Common in crevices on mountains South of Tschauchab

Station, 4264. Common in rocky places near Dabaigabis, 4392.

16. H. fruticulosa, K. Schum., ex Schinz, in Verh. Bot. Ver.

iBrand., xxx., 23a.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy river-bed and on sand dunes at

Sandverhaar, 4649.

17. H. amabilis, Marloth, ex K. Schum., in Bot. Jahrb., x., 42.

Damaraland: Sand in deep ravines near Welwitsch, 4147.

18. H. marna, Schlechter.

Locality uncertain, 6108.

19. H. gariepina, K. and Z., Enum. 49.

Locality uncertain, 4394, 4528.

20. H.sp. Material insufficient.

Locality uncertain, 4938.

21. H. heterophylla, Thunb., Diss. Herm., 14.

Cape: Sand flats between Heeren Logement and Driefontein

6748.

22. H. pulchella, Linn. f., Suppl., 302.

Bushmanland: In sand at foot of kopje, 8 miles South of Bitter-

fontein, 3310. Gneissic kopje near Bitterfontein, 3420. Namaqua-

land: River-bed, Nieuwfontein, 3358. Sandy flats near Alewyn’s

Fontein, 3337.

23. H. bipinnata, Glover, nov. comb. (Mahernia bipinnata, Linn.

non Burch.).

Khamiesberg: Stinkfontein, 6486.

24. H. grandiflora, Ait., Hort. Kew, ed. 2, t. iv., 141.

Karroo: Among bushes 4 miles West of Nieuwerust, 6391.

Bushmanland: Between Aggenys and Pella, 3585. On _ plains

between Pella and Groot Roggebosch, 3840. Namaqualand: Sandy

valley leading down to Bethany Drift, 6048. Great Namaqualand:

Gabis, 4313. Broad sandy river-bed North of Sabiesis, 4124.

21-30 km. West of Raman’s Drift, 4008. 21-30 km. North of

Raman’s Drift, 4015.

198 Annals of the South African Museum.

25. H. Meyeriana, Glover, nov. comb. (Mahernia multifida, BE.

Mey.).

Little Namaqualand: Sandy slopes at Kamabies, 3774. Locality

uncertain, 3949, 3261.

26. H.sp. Material insufficient.

Locality uncertain, 5171.

27. H. rigida, Harv., in Harv. and pond., HL. “Caps. 1. 168

(e descriptione). 7

Namaqualand : Northern slopes of Rietkloof Mt., 5714.

28. H. exstipulata, HE. Mey., in Drége, Zwei Pfi. Docum., 191.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy dry river-bed, Gorup, 4200.

GERANIACEZ.

By Ruth Glover.

1. MONSONIA.

1. M. biflora, DC., in Prod., i., 638,

Great Namaqualand: Middle slopes of kopje above pass leading

down to Griindoorn, 4357. Griindoorn: Shady places on kopje

Hast of the Farm, 4359. Dry stream-bed in broad valley North of

Sabiesis, 4126. Flat top of limestone hills by Railway Station,

Buchholzbrunn, 3673. Schakalskuppe, 4249. Common among

quartzite blocks near Dabaigabis, 4398.

2. M. wmbellata, Harv., in Harv. and Sond., Flor. Cap., i., 255.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy plains recently marshes by rain,

21-30 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 4018. Sandy places about

20 km. South of Warmbad, 4373. Common near recent stream-beds

in sandy valley North of Sabiesis, 4111. Stony ground, Holoog,

4128.

2. SARCOCAULON.

1. S. Burmanm, DC., in Prod., i., 638.

Khamiesberg: Varsche Rivier, 6820, Namaqualand: On lower

arid slopes opposite Sendling’s Drift, 6103. Common on slopes of

granite hills between Gorup and Aus, 4168. Bushmanland: Granite

slopes on banks of Daweep Rivier between Rietfontein and Kersbosch,

6232, Sandy slopes near Rotkuffe Station, 4470. Groot Rozynbosch,

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 199

3847. Gorup, 4176. Great Namaqualand: Base of kopje 20 km.

North of Raman’s Drift, 4378.

2. S. Patersont, DC., l. c.

Great Namaqualand: 12 km. west of Sandverhaar, 4273. Sandy

plains about 20 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 4353. Sandy places

near last outspan South of Warmbad, 4354.

3. S. L’Heretiert, DC., l. c.

Cape: Sandy flat between Driefontein and Heeren Logement, 6844.

Khamiesberg : Tweerivieren, 6821.

4. S. Marlothi, Engl., Bot. Jahrb., x., ol.

Damaraland: Welwitsch, 3367.

3. ERODIUM.

1. E. maritimum, LU Heérit., ex Ait., Hort. Kew, ed. 1, ii., 416.

Cape: On recently burnt veld at Leeuwfontein, 3235.

9. EB. moschatum, Willd., in Sp., ii., 631.

Upper: Between Blauwkrantz Pass and Karieboemfontein, 4974.

Khamiesberg: Forming a turf in shady places at Namaroup, 6591.

Khoms Ravine, upper end near stream, 6586.

4, PELARGONIUM.

1. P. longrfoliwm, Jacq., in Ie. Rar., t. 518.

Cape: Dry hillside a little North of Hex River, 5249. Sandy

spots, Biesjes Rivier, 5242. Namaqualand: Roadside between

Brakdam and Rietkloof, 5678. Summit of pass between Garies and

Middelkraal, 5667.

9. P. moniliforme, EH. Mey., in Drége, Zwei Pil. Docum., 209.

Khamiesberg : Eenkoker, 6751.

3. P. rosewm, Ait., in Hort. Kew, ede2eave, Lol.

Khamiesberg : Namaroup, 6589. Bushmanland: Among bushes

between Bitterfontein and Stinkfontein, 6523.

4, P. pinnatum, L’ Hérit., Geran., t. 8.

Cape: Common on hillsides at Leeuwfontein, 3230, Bute

5. P. rapaceum, Jacq., in Ic. Rar., t. 510.

Cape: Sandy spots, Biesjes Rivier, 5241, Lower slopes Corkscrew

200 Annals of the South African Museum.

Mt. in sand, 5732. Bushmanland: Among bushes, 4 miles North

of Nieuwefontein, 6390. Khamiesberg: Under rock on face of

Beaem Hill, North-west of Leliefontein, 6340.

6. P, Barklyt, Scott-Elliott, in Journ. Bot., xxix., 68

Khamiesberg : Tweerivieren, in bush on side of hill, 6494.

7. P. flavum, Ait., in Hort. Kew, ii., 418.

Cape: Alluvial soil, Oliphant’s River Valley, near Warm Baths,

7051. Slopes and summit of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm

Baths, 7062, 7054.

8. P. triste, Ait., l. c.

Cape: Alluvial soil, Oliphant’s River Valley, near Warm Baths, ©

7058.

9. P. dasyphyllum, B. Mey, in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Docum., 209.

Khamiesberg : Tweerivieren, 6285. Bushmanland: A few miles

East of Nieuwfontein, 3495. Alewyn’s Fontein, 3475. Kweek-

fontein, 3794. Namaqualand: Upper middle slopes on northern

side of Rietkloof Mt., 5695. About 10 miles North-east of Klipplaat,

3309.

10. P. ferulacewm, Willd., in Sp., u1., 687.

Cape: Ridges, eastern aspect, left bank of Oliphant’s River at

Kradouw Pass, 5301. Bushmanland: Common among _ bushes

between Bitterfontein and Stinkfontein, 6487.

11. P. pulchellum, Curt., in Bot. Mag., t. 524.

Khamiesberg: Tweerivieren, 6824.

12. P. abrotanifolium, Jacq.. in Hort. Schoenb., t. 136.

Bushmanland : Common between Bitterfontein and Stinkfontein,

6524,

13. P. ramosissimum, Willd., in Sp., iii., 688.

Khamiesberg: Sand on lower plateau of Vogelklip, south-eastern

aspect, 5906.

14, P. quinatum, Sim, in Bot. Mag., t. 547.

Khamiesberg: Tweerivieren, hillsides and 400 ft. above settle-

ment facing West, 6496, 6604. In rock crevices, Sneeuwkop, middle

slopes, western aspect, third kloof above Bowesdorp, 5834. Sandy

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 201

ground South side of pass leading to Rietkloof; middle slopes

Rietkloof Mt., 5683.

15. P. myrrhifolium, L’ Hérit., in Ait., Hort. Kew, ed. 1, ii., 421.

Cape: On lower slopes Oliphant’s River Mts. near Warm Baths,

7063. Overhanging stream on eastern side of Pickenier’s Pass,

5220.

16. P. seneciordes, L’ Hérit., in Ger., t. 11.

? Cape: Oliphant’s River Mts., 7733.

17. P. grossularioides, Ait., in Hort. Kew, ed. 1, 11., 42.

Cape: Slopes and summit of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm

Baths, 7053, 7060. Among grasses and dense bush on edge of

small stream on eastern side of Pickenier’s Pass, 5215. Khamies-

berg: Stream-side on south side of pass between Bowesdorp and

Groot Gans, 5870. Khamiesberg Plateau, in marshy ground, 6323.

Elhottsberg, 7689.

18. P. althaeoides, L’ Hérit., in Ger., t. 10.

Khamiesberg : Elliottsberg, 7730.

19. P. chamaedryfoliwm, Jacq., in Ic. Rar., t. 523.

Cape: Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths, 7339.

20. P. Oenotherae, Jacq., J. c., t. 526.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm Baths, 7055.

21. P. capillare, Willd., in Sp., i., 660.

Cape: Ceres, 3526.

92. P. alchemilloides, Willd., l.c., 656.

Cape: Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts, near Warm Baths, 6872.

Upper South-west slopes above Pickenier’s Pass, 5116, 5207.

Overhanging stream on east side of Pickenier’s Pass, 5221.

23. P. laevigatum, Willd., l. c., 685.

Cape: Among rocks near hill-top above Hottentots’ Kloof, 4945.

94. P. echinatum, Curt., in Bot. Mag., t. 309.

Khamiesberg: Among rocks on hill-tops round Namaroup, 6631.

202 Annals of the South African Museum.

25. P. crassicaule, L’ Heérit., 1. c., t. 26.

Great Namaqualand: Rock crevices near top of hill North of

Rotkuppe Station, 4467.

26. P. capitatum, Ait., l. c., 425,

Cape: Dry river-bed near Kradouwkrantz, 5270.

ait. P. scabrum, Ait., t.c., 480.

Cape: Slopes and foot of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm

Baths, 7052, 7059, 7061. Pickenier’s Pass, 5174. Khamiesberg :

Common on Beaem Hill, North-west of Leliefontein, 6332. Outspan

at foot of Wilgehout Ravine, 6732. Namaqualand : Plateau south

side of summit of ridge opposite Klipfontein Hotel, 5952. Sand,

near Toll, 5106.

28. P. xerophyton, Schltr., in Engl. Pflanzenreich, iv., 383, t. 51.

Bushmanland: Wortel, 3608. Great Namaqualand: Hill-slopes,

5000-6000 ft., Schakalskuppe, 4229.

29. P. Lewpoldia, R. Knuth, t. c., 342, t. 44.

Bushmanland: Sand between Nieuwerust and Bitterfontein, 5541.

Namaqualand : Northern slopes Rietkloof Mt., 5703.

5}. OXALIS.

1. O. Dregei, Sond., in Harv. and Sond., Flor. Cap., i., 318.

Khamiesberg : Wet ground, Bailey’s Vlakte, 6610.

2. O. glabra, Thunb., Dissert., No. 17, £. 2.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Valley, near Warm Baths, 7734.

3. O. namaquana, Sond., l.c., 325.

Khamiesberg : In wet sand, Jutbosch Kloof, 6493.

4. O. Meyert, Sond., l. c., 328.

Khamiesberg: Wet ground, Bailey’s Vlakte, 6538. Khamsoap

Ravine, 6549.

5. O. variabilis, Lindl., in Bot. Reg., t. 1505.

Cape: Alluvial sand, Oliphant’s River Valley, near Warm Baths,

7056.

6. O. obtusa, Jacq., Oxal., 106, t. 79, f. 1.

Cape: Mt. slopes, Oliphant’s River Valley, near Warm Baths,

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 203

7049. Khamiesberg: Under bushes at Kharkams, 6676. Among

bushes at head of Khoms Ravine, 6645. Sandy ground, Draaiklip,

6479. Naras Ravine, 6674.

O. obtusa, Jacq., var.

Khamiesberg : Under rocks at Kharkams, 6675.

7. O. heterophylla, DC., Prod., 1., 694.

Cape : Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths, 7735.

8. O. sericea, Linn. f., in Suppl., 243.

Cape : Sand flats between Driefontein and Heeren Logement, 6752.

9. O. cernwa, Thunb., Dissert. No. 12, t. 2.

Khamiesberg : In sand, Klipkalk, 6511. Dry stony hills, Varsche

Rivier, 6513. Shady spot under granite block, Namaroup, 6827.

Under rocks, about 5,000 ft., T'weerivieren, 6828.

10. O. semiloba, Sond., 1. c., 350.

Great Namaqualand : In shade of rocks on kopjes near Griindoorn,

4370. In shade of rocks on mountain slopes at Schakalskuppe, 4223.

11. O. Lightfoot, Phillips, in Ann. §.A. Mus., ix., 104.

Khamiesberg : Common on Beaem Hill, 6679.

12. O. sp. Material incomplete.

Khamiesberg : Near water at foot of Khoms Ravine, 6677.

RUTACEAE.

By Ruth Glover.

1. MACROSTYLIS.

1. M. barbigera, B. and W., in Beitr. zur Bot., i. (1824).

Cape: Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths, 7115,

(lites

2. DIOSMA.

1. D. vulgaris, Schl., in Linnaea, vi., 201.

Cape: Lower slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths,

6882, 7112. Khamiesberg: Common near summit of Vogelklip,

5924. Extremely abundant on middle and upper slopes of Zuurberg,

6270. Khamsoap Ravine, 6436. Common on dry slopes in Groene

Kloof, 6439. Namaqualand : Summit of conical hill 14 miles South

204 Annals of the South African Museum.

of Stinkfontein, 5554. Near summit of Mt. 3 miles North-east of

Stinkfontein, 5629.

2. D. ramosissima, Bart. and Wendl. f., Diosm., 48.

Namaqualand : Common at top of Rattelpoort Mt, 2982.

3. D. virgata, G. F. W. Mey., ex Bart. and Wendl. f., Diosm., 46.

Cape : Lower slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths,

(BOE

3. ADENANDRA.

1. A. uniflora, Willd., in Enum. 256.

Cape: Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths, 7117.

4. BAROSMA.

1. B. betulina, Bart. and Wendl. f., Diosm., 102.

Cape : Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths, 7116.

2. B. Niveni, Sond., in Harv. and Sond., Flor. Cap., i., 398.

Khamiesberg : Summit of Sneeuwkop, 5787.

5. AGATHOSMA.

1. A. variabilis, Sond., in Hary. and Sond, Flor. Cap.,i., 433.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths, 7737, 7738.

2. A. asperifolia, HK. and Z., Enum. 111.

Cape : Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths, 7736.

3. A. Slademana, n. sp. A. asperifoliae, KE. and Z. aftinis sed foliis

longioribus linearibusque, sepalis longioribus oblanceolato-spathu-

latisque, staminodiis magis petaloideis distinguitur.

Fruticulus circa 23 cm. altus, ramis teretibus, novellis pubes-

centibus, deinde glaberrimis; folia lineari-lanceolata, supra

canaliculata, infra convexa, apice gibbosa, subsessilia, marginibus

carinisque ciliata, circa 0°5 cm. longa, 0-1 cm. lata; umbellae ad

apices ramulorum aggregatae capituliformes, sessiles, globosae, circa

0-5 cm. in diam.; bracteae obovatae, obtusae, mucronatae, apice

foliaceae aliter membranaceae, ciliatae, circa 0°3 cm. longae, 0°125

cm. latae; pedicelli glabri, 0-1 cm. longi; sepala oblanceolata,

obtusa, apicem versus ciliata, circa 0-2 em. longa; petala anguste

obovato-cuneata, unguiculata, unguibus ciliatis, 0°56 em. longa,

0-1 cm. lata; stamina glabra, 0°5 cm. longa; staminodia circa 0-25 em.

longa, pilosa praecipue medio, superne glabrescentia; ovarium

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 205

triloculare, apice pilosum; stylus filiformis, 0°6 cm. longus; fructus

ignotus.

Cape: Slopes of Cold Bokkeyveld Mts. opposite Warm Baths,

Oliphant’s River Valley, 7114.

Shrublet about 23 cm. high, stem terete, pubescent when young,

becoming glabrous; leaves linear-lanceolate, appressed, channelled

above, convex beneath, gibbose at the apex, subsessile, ciliate on the

margin and keel, about 0°5 cm. long, 0:1 cm. wide; inflorescence

subcapitate, aggregated at the ends of the branches, sessile, globose,

about 0-5 em. in diam.; bracts obovate, obtuse, mucronate, mem-

branous, ciliate, 0°3 em. long, 0°125 cm. broad; flowers shortly

pedicellate ; pedicels 0-1 em. long, glabrous; sepals oblanceolate-

spathulate obtuse, ciliate towards the apex, 0°2 cm. long; petals

narrowly obovate-cuneate, unguiculate, claw ciliate, 0-5 cm. long,

0-1 cm. broad; fertile stamens equalling the petals, glabrous ;

staminodes about 0:25 cm. long, pilose especially towards the middle,

becoming glabrous towards the apex; ovary 3-celled, pilose at the

apex ; style filiform about 0°6 em. long; fruit unknown.

Plate VIII. B., Fig. 1, sketch of branch, nat. size; 2, leaf,

dorsal view: 3, bract; 4, flower; 5, calyx; 6, petal; 7, staminode ;

8, stamen ; 9, gynaeceum—all the latter x 4.

BUSERACEAE.

By Ruth Glover.

1. COMMIPHORA.

1. C. saxicola, Engl., Bot. Jahrb., x., 283.

Damaraland : Common on Namib at Welwitsch, 4412, 4150.

2. C. oblanceolata, Schinz, in Bull. Herb. Boiss., Ser. ii., viii., 633.

Bushmanland: Mt. slopes at Ougrabies, 3567. Damaraland:

Sides of ravines near Welwitsch, 4149.

CELASTRACEAE.

By Ruth Glover.

1. GYMNOSPORIA.

1. G. peduncularis, Sim, Forest Flora, p. 184, probably.

Cape: Summit of Nardouw Mt., 5430. Specimens incomplete.

206 Annals of the South African Musewm.

2. G. lanceolata, nov. comb. (Celastrus lanceolatus, BE. Mey.).

Bushmanland: Sandy banks of Orange River, near Abbasis, 3101.

Sand of Zone 3 on South bank of Orange River, near Abbasis, 2998.

Namaqualand: Sandy banks of Orange River, Sendling’s Drift, 6097.

3. G. integrifolia, nov. comb. (Celastrus integrifolius, Linn. f.).

Namaqualand: Locally common between Bitterfontein and

Stinkfontein, 5535. Nieuwerust, 5511.

4. G. buxifolia, Sim, 1. c., p. 185.

Khamiesberg: Among rocks, near water, Khoms Ravine, 6644.

Namaqualand : Roadside between Brakdam and Rietkloof, 5672.

5. G. laurina, Bolus and W. Dod, List of Flowering Plants and

Ferns of Cape Peninsula.

Cape: Alluvial sand, Oliphant’s River Valley, near Warm Baths,

7258. Ceres, 3499, 3501. Leeuwfontein, 3229. Kradouw Krantz,

first plateau, 5282. Khamiesberg: Middle and upper slopes of

Zuurberg, 6254. Granite kopjes near Ezelfontein, 6317. In rock

crevices overhanging stream, Khoms Ravine, 6648. Middle slopes,

western aspect, Sneeuwkop, 3rd kloof above Bowesdorp, 5832.

Bushmanland : Top of granite knoll at Kweekfontein, 3,300 ft., 5042.

Namaqualand: Second plateau, mt. 3 miles North-east of Stinkfon-

tein, 5635. Near summit of Rattelpoort Mt., 2969. Rattelpoort,

4722.

2. ELAEODENDRON.

1. H. capense, BK. and Z., Enum. 127.

Cape: Eastern slopes of Pickenier’s Pass, 5154.

RHAMNACEAE.

By Ruth Glover.

PL IZTAY PEs:

1. Z. mucronata, Willd., in En. Berl., 251.

Bushmanland: Groot Rozynbosch, 3726. Pella, 3587. Little

Bushmanland: Dry river-bed between Wortel and Dabainoris,

3031. Great Namaqualand: River-bed between Ganus and

Griindoorn, 3,000-3,200 ft., 4510.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 207

2. Z. zeyheriana, Sond., in Harv. and Sond., Flor. Cap., i.,

476.

Great Namaqualand: Buchholzbrunn, 3657.

Dopeyel ur @A:

1. P. stipularis, Linn., in Mant., 208.

Cape: On road from Warm Baths to Modderfontein, Oliphant’s

River Valley, 7236.

2. P. oleoides, DC., in Prod., ii., 36.

Cape: Foot of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths, 7307.

Common on dry hills North of Hex River, 5257. Eastern slopes

Pickenier’s Pass, 5155.

3. P. lasiocarpa, Sond., l. ¢., 483.

Khamiesberg: Beaem Hill, 6393.

4. P. cryptandroides, Sond., l. c., 484.

Cape: Plateau on summit of Nardouw Mt., 5419. Khamiesberg :

Wilgehout Ravine, about 9,300 ft., 6350.

5. P. villosa, Thunb., in Flor. Cap., 202.

Cape: Kloof below Warm Baths, Oliphant’s River Valley, 7302.

7228. Lower mt. slopes behind Warm Baths, 7222, 7224.

6. P. cylindrica, Wendl., in Collect., i., 7.

Cape: On road near Warm Baths, Oliphant’s River Valley,

7238. Namaqualand: Near summit of Rietkloof Mt., 5691.

7. P. montana, Sond., l. c., 492.

Khamiesberg: Beaem Hill, 6635. Middle and western slopes of

Sneeuwkop, 5796,

8. P. comosa, Sond., l. c., 497.

Cape: Mountain-top at Hottentots’ Kloof, 4906.

9. P. sp. Material incomplete.

Khamiesberg: On upper slopes Vogelklip, steep ravine facing

West, 5919.

208 Annals of the South African Museum.

SAPINDACEAE.

By Ruth Glover.

1, MELIANTHUS.

1. M. major, Linn., mm Sp. Pl., 892.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Valley, near Warm Baths, 7250.

2. M. comosus, Vahl, Symb., iii., 86.

Karroo: River-bed at Draaikraal, 4995. Near Pella, 3594.

3. M. minor, Linn., l. c.

Khamiesberg: Namaroup, 6596.

2. ERYTHROPHYSA.

1. H. undulata, E. Mey., Drége, Zwei Pfil. Docum., 183.

Khamiesberg: Common on hill-sides above Tweerivieren, facing

East, 6498. Little Namaqualand: Locally common on granite

slopes on both sides of pass north of Garies, 5624.

3. DODONAEA.

1. D. Thunbergiana, BK. and Z., Enum. 54.

Cape: Hill-sides at Leeuwfontein, and in Mitchell’s Pass, 3227.

Oliphant’s River Valley, near Warm Baths, 6863, 6874, 7230.

Khamiesberg: Khamsoap Ravine, 6553. Bushmanland: About

800 ft. above road between Nieuwe Rust and Bitterfontein, 5548.

Namaqualand: Near top of Rattelpoort Mt., 2988.

4, AITONIA.

1. A. capensis, Linn. f., in Suppl., 303,

Great Namaqualand: Sandstone hills at Seeheim, 2500 ft., 3720.

TILIACEAE.

By Ruth Glover. 4

1. GREWIA.

1. G. cana, Sond., in Linnaea, xxiii., 20.

Great Namaqualand: River-bed 25 km. North of Warmbad,

4297. River-bed, Gobas, 2,900 ft., 3746.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 209

2. G. occidentalis, Linn., Sp. Pl., 964.

Great Namaqualand: Stream-beds, Holoog, 4132.

MENISPERMACEAE.

By Ruth Glover.

1. ANTIZOMA.

1. A. Miersiana, Harv., in Harv. and Sond., Flor. Cap., i., p. 13.

Khamiesberg: Common at 500 ft. above Tweerivieren, facing

West, 6476. Namaqualand: Granite cliff, Stinkfontein, 5522.

Common among rocks in pass South-east of Klipplaat, 3396.

Bushmanland: Common on kopjes near Nieuwefontein, 3347.

ANACARDIACEAE.”

1. RHUS.

i eincisa, Linn. £., im Suppl, 83:

Khamiesberg : Namaroup Hills, 6530.

2. Ef. dissecta, Thunb., in Flor. Cap., 267.

Cape: Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts., behind Warm Baths, 7123.

3. &. viminalis, Vahl, in Symb., ui., 50.

Namaqualand: Near Doornpoort Water Hole, 6135.

92. HEERIA.

1. H. argentea, Meissn., Gen. Comm., 55.

Cape: Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts., behind Warm Baths,

7255. Common at foot of Giftberg on western side between Doorn

River and Windhoek, 5393.

SAXIFRAGACEAE.

By Ruth Glover.

1 VATA:

1. V. capensis, Thunb., in Flor. Cap., 246.

Cape: Sand of river-bed between Lang Kloof and Nardouw

* The species enumerated here were included in Dr. Schénland’s report in

Annals of §.A. Museum, vol. ix., part ii., p. 45. The localities are additional.

210 Annals of the South African Museum.

Pass, 5351. Namaqualand: Cornfield weed—Koets, 5738. Great

Namaqualand: Mud of Léwen’s River-bed, Gawachab, 4083, 4097.

ONAGRARIEAE.

By Ruth Glover,

1. MONTINIA.

1. M. acris, Linn. f£., in Suppl., 427.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Valley, near Warm Baths. Middle

slopes, Kradouw Krantz, 5286. Khamiesberg: Sand, Windhoek,

6744, 6830. Tweerivieren, 6741. In ravine middle western slopes

of Sneeuwkop, 3rd kloof above Bowesdorp, 5843. Namaqualand :

Hills facing Brakrivier, 3892. Among gneissic rocks on mt. pass

South of Klipplaat, 3872. From base to summit of Rietkloof Mt.,

5089. Kopjes on the way from Kamabies to Tweefontein, 3776.

Great Namaqualand: Stony bed of Akam River, 4260. Sandy

valley 20 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 4547. Shallow stream-courses

12 km. West of Sandverhaar, 4604. Bushmanland: Sand, near

Wortel, 3618. Very common on broken ground at Groot Rozyn-

bosch, 3828.

CUCURBITACEAE.

By Ruth Glover.

1, TROCHOMERIA.

1. T. debilis, Hook. f., in Oliver, Flor. Trop. jNieneaiicy O18)

Bushmanland: Sand dunes at Aggenys, 9949, Sand, between

Kweekfontein and Ougrabies, 3793. Great Namaqualand: First

outspan North of Gabis, 4473.

2. CUCUMIS.

1. C. africana, Linn. f. Suppl., 423.

Bushmanland: Sand South of sand dunes between Ougrabies and

Aggenys, 2925, 2926. Namaqualand: Sandy bed of Brakrivier,

3898. In sand in valley leading down to Bethany Drift, 6047.

About 10 miles to the North-east of Klipplaat, 3302. Great

Namaqualand: Sand at Sandverhaar, 4654. Sand near wagon-

track on sandy plain North of Ganus, 4003. Common in sand

near wagon-track 20 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 4550.

Plants Collected in the Perey Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 211

2. C. rigidus, H. Mey., ex Sond., in Harv. and Sond., Flor. Cap.,

li., 497.

Namaqualand: Sandy valley leading down to Bethany Drift,

6049. Sandy ravine below Doornpoort, 6911.

3. C. sp. Material insufficient.

Great Namaqualand: South of Warmbad, 4023.

4. C. sp. Material insufficient.

Great Namaqualand: Hill East of Gobas Station, 3718.

3. KEDROSTIS.

1. K. punctulata, Cogn., in DC., Monog. Phan., ili., 643.

Little Bushmanland: Between Wortel and Dabainoris, 3034.

Bushmanland: Sandy plains near Groot Rozynbosch, 3841. Great

Namaqualand: Stony places on plains West of Ganus, 4489.

Sandy plains near Ganus, 4588. Near Griindoorn, 4579. Dry

river-bed about half-way between Warmbad and Griindoorn, 4281.

Mountain slopes at Schakalskuppe, 4166. Kopje between Dabai-

gabis and Griindoorn, 3152. Schakalskuppe, 4240. Sandy stream-

bed near pass leading down to Griindoorn, 4339.

4, CORALLOCARPUS.

1. C. Welwitschi, Hook. f., var. subintegrifolia, Cogn., in DC.,

Monog. Phan., ui.

Great Namaqualand: Hills South-west of Griindoorn, 4275.

2. C. sp. Material incomplete.

Little Bushmanland: Between Wortel and Dabainoris, 3032.

3. C. sp. Material incomplete.

Little Bushmanland: Between Dabainoris and Abbasis, 3009.

4. C.sp. Material incomplete.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy places South of Warmbad, 4282.

5. C. sp. Material incomplete.

5. COCCINEA.

1. C. Rehmannt, Cogn., in Bull. Herb. Boiss., iii., 418.

Bushmanland: On rocks and bushes in Wortel Valley, 3088.

212 Annals of the South African Museum.

Great Namaqualand: Saline flat at Gawachab, 4336. Plain 12 km.

West of Sandverhaar, 4271.

2. C. sp. Material incomplete.

Great Namaqualand : Hill-tops at Schakalskuppe, 4254.

3. C. sp. Material incomplete.

Great Namaqualand: Kopje near last outspan before Griindoorn,

4351.

4. C. sp. Material incomplete.

Great Namaqualand: 12km. West of Sandverhaar, 4199.

5. C. sp. Material incomplete.

Great Namaqualand: Hill East of Railway, Gobas, 3174.

6. C. sp. Material incomplete.

Namaqualand: Above British Police Camp, Raman’s Drift, 4076.

UMBELLIFERAE.

By Ruth Glover.

i PYDROCOTY EER:

1. H. Ceniella, Cham. and Schlecht., var. a, latifolia, Cham. and

Schlecht., in Linnaea, 1., 279.

Cape: Hex River, 5269. :

H. Centella, Cham. and Schlecht., var. 6, lintfolia, Sond., in

Harv. and Sond., Fl. Cap., i1., 532.

Cape: Lower slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths,

(337,

2. H. virgata, Linn. f., in Suppl., 176.

Cape: Top of Oliphant’s River Mts. behind Warm Baths, 7121,

6866. Namaqualand: On northern side of Rietkloof Mt., on rock

near summit, 5723.

2. ARCTOPUS.

1. A echinatus, Linn., in Spec. PL. ed. 2, ii., 1512.

Cape: Foothills Cold Bokkeveld Mts. opposite Warm Baths,

Oliphant’s River Valley, 7246.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 213

3. CONIUM.

1. C. chaerophylloides, KE. and Z., Enum, 355.

Cape: Dry river-bed at roadside between Hottentots’ Kloof and

Karroopoort, 4830.

4. BUPLEURUM.

1. B. Mundti, Cham. and Schlecht., in Linnaea, i., 384.

Khamiesberg : Among rocks in partial shade on western aspect of

Snezuwkop, 3rd kloof above Bowesdorp.

5. RHYTICARPUS.

1. &. difformis, Benth. and Hook., in Gen. PI., 1., 887.

Khamiesberg: On upper slopes of Zuurberg, 6264. Lower

middle slopes of Sneeuwkop, 5783. Near summit of Vogelklip,

5927. Namaqualand: Banks of Doorn River, south of Brakrivier,

3887.

6. APTUM

1. A. graveolens, Linn., in Spec. Pl., 379.

Cape: Very common in river-bed at Attis, 5330. Namaqualand:

Damp place in stream-bed between Brakrivier and Kopje’s Kraal,

5029.

1. PITURANTHOS:

1. P. aphylla, O. Kuntze, Revisio, part 3, p. 115.

Bushmanland: Sand at foot of mountains between Wolftoon and

Henkriesfontein, 3106. Sandy bank of Daweep Rivier-bed, east of

Rietfontein, 6230. Near irrigated ground at Rietfontein, 3436.

Namaqualand: With Tamarix in bed of river below Daunabis, 6003.

In river-bed at outspan about 10 miles North-east of Klipplaat, 3407.

Great Namaqualand: Sand of dry river-bed at Gorup, 4201.

8. CARUM.

1. C. hispidum, Benth. and Hook f., Gen., i., 891.

Cape: Sand flats between Driefontein and Heeren Logement,

6730. Sand between Windhoek and Attis, 5379. Oliphant’s River

Valley, near Warm Baths, 7233. Khamiesberg: Sandy slopes at

Eenkoker, 6729.

214 Annals of the South African Museum.

SEA ONS (OMNES.

1. P. didyma, Sond., in Harv. and Sond., Fl. Cap., ii., 538.

Cape: Lower eastern slopes (left bank) Kradouw Krantz, 5324.

10. OKANTHE.

1, O. filuformis, Lam., in Dict., iv., 520.

Cape: Sandy river-bed among Restios between Lang Kloof and

Nardouw Pass, 5352. Damp places on southern slopes above

Pickenier’s Pass, 5175.

2. O. filiformis, Lam., var. B, humilis, Sond., in Harv. and Sond.,

Fl. Cap., ii., 547.

Cape: Common on burnt veld at Leeuwfontein, 3190.

11. PEUCEDANUM.

1. P. ferulacewm, Thunb., ex Sond., in Harv. and Sond., Flor.

Cap., 1i., 556.

Cape: Sand at foot of Giftberg on western side between Doorn

River and Windhoek, 5397.

2. P.sp. Material incomplete.

Khamiesberg : Lower middle slopes of Sneeuwkop, 5782.

12. CAUCALIS.

1. C. capensis, Lam., Encyce., i., 651.

Cape: Roadside between Hottentots’ Kloof and Karroopoort,

4821.

RUBIACEH AK.

By Lowsa Bolus.

1. OLDENLANDIA.

1. O. thymifolia, Kuntze, Rev. Gen., 292.

Bushmanland : Wortel, 3087, 3604. Great Namaqualand :

Common on broad sandy valley North of Sabiesis, 4105. Dry

watercourses in sandy plains North of Raman’s Drift, 4059.

Sandy plains Schakalskuppe, 4500 ft., 4792. Lower slopes of

kopje above pass leading down to Griindoorn, 3131.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 215

2. O. stricta, Linn., Mant., ii., 200.

Bushmanland: Pella, 3593. Common on stony ground, Groot

Rozynbosch, 2,800 ft., 3834. Namaqualand: Eenriet, 3096. Great

Namaqualand: Schaf River-bed at Seeheim, 3731. Buchholzbrunn,

3671. Sandy river-bed near Dabaigabis, 4405. Sandy valley

20 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 2,400 ft., 4543.

2. CROCYLLIS.

1. C. anthospermoides, EK. Mey., Drége, Zwei Pfl. Docum., 176.

Namaqualand : Sand opposite Sendling’s Drift, 6110. Sandy bed

South of Daunabis, 6001. Sandy river-bed on North side of pass

leading down to Bethany, 6055. Great Namaqualand: Sandy

places South of Warmbad, 4038. :

3. ANTHOSPERMUM.

1. A. tricostatum, Sond., in Hary. and Sond., Flor. Cap., iii., 28.

Khamiesberg: Summit of the Zuurberg, middle south-eastern

slopes, 6263. Namaqualand: Common on upper northern slopes

of Rietkloof Mt., 5701.

2. A. ciliare, Linn., in Sp. Pl., 1521.

Cape: Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths, 6870,

7120, 7122, 7124. Khamiesberg: Upper southern slopes of

Sneeuwkop, 5790. Khamsoap Ravine, 6554.

A. ciliare, Linn., var. B, papillatum, Sond., J. ¢., 29.

Cape: Lower slopes, Kradouw Krantz, western aspect, 5284.

3. A. Bergianum, Cruse, Diss., 8.

Cape: Foot of Cold Bokkeveld Mts. opposite Warm Baths,

Oliphant’s River Valley, 7315.

4. A. Dregei, Sond., J. c., 29.

Cape: Foot of Oliphant’s River Mts., below Warm Baths, 7119.

5. A. sp. (fruit only).

Khamiesberg: Upper slopes, Beaem Hill, North-west of Lelie-

fontein, 5,400 ft., 6334.

4. NENAX,

1. N. Dregei, sp. nov., N. microphyllae, affinis sed foliis carinatis,

marginibus haud revolutis, indumento pruinoso-velutino, fructibus

majoribus differt.

216 Annals of the South African Museum.

Fruticulus rigidus robustus, intricate ramosus, ad 0°9 met. altus ;

rami cinerei, vel juniores purpurascentes, ad 0°5 cm. diam., cum

ramulis subvelutinis spinescentes, internodiis 0-5-1 ecm. longis ;

folia quasi connata per stipulas confluentes, appressa, deinde

patentia, ovata vel lineari-lanceolata acuta carinata, supra concava

vel fere plana, pruinosa cinerea vel glauca, 0-2-0°8, saepissime

0°3 cm., longa, axillis gemmiferis; flores, praeter vetustiores

foemineos, ignoti; fructus immaturus sessilis oblongus, 4, vel rarius,

5 calycis segmentis minutis rotundatis coronatus, pruinoso-velutinus,

stylis 0-4 cm. longis, diu persistentibus; capsula globose inflata,

rubro-purpurea, 06 cm. longa; semina ovali-oblonga, anguste

membranaceo-marginata, 0°45 cm. longa 0-2 cm. lata,

Upper: Bot River-bed, between Calvinia and Holle Rivier, 3966.

Namaqualand: Broken country 15 miles North of Alewyn’s Fontein,

3930; common in dry sandy river-bed between Klipplaat and Bitter-

fontein, 3295; common in sand between Anenous and Chubiessis

outspan, 5979.

In addition are the following collections of the same species :—

Namaqualand: J’us, on hills, alt. 2,800 ft., fl. Sept., R. Schlechter,

11428. Locality uncertain, Drége, 2772. Great Namaqualand:

Kl.-Karas, fl. Oct., Dinter, 3178.

A rigid robust subshrub, intricately branched, attaining a height

of 0°99 met.; branches ashy-grey, or the younger ones purplish, up

to 0°56 em. diam., together with the rather velvety branchlets

becoming spine-tipped, the internodes 0-5-1 em. long; leaves, on

account of the confluent stipules, as if connate, appressed,

finally spreading, ovate or linear-lanceolate, acute carinate, con-

cave above or almost flat, pruinose, ashy-grey or glaucous-green,

0:2-0'8 cm., usually 0:3 cm. long, the axils gemmiferous ; flowers

unknown, except rather advanced female ones; immature fruit

sessile oblong, crowned by the 4, or, more rarely, 5 minute rounded

calyx-segments, pruinose-velvety, the styles 0-4 em. long, tardily

deciduous ; capsule globosely inflated, reddish purple, 0°6 em. long ;

seeds oval-oblong, narrowly membranous-margined, 0:45 cm. long,

0:2 cm. wide.

Plate VI., A, Fig. 1, sketch of branchlet, nat. size ; 2, portion of

ditto, x 2; 3, one of the leaves, viewed ventrally, x 2; 4, another

leaf, viewed dorsally, x 2; 5, female flower (advanced), x 4; 6,

fruit, x 3; 7, one of the cocci, x 3; 8, seed, x 4.

2. ?.N. sp. Material insufficient.

Namaqualand: On granite slopes facing East, a little North of

Middelkraal, 5615.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions, 217

5. GALIUM.

WILHOR lor

Cape: Scrambling among débris, eastern slopes of Pickenier’s

Pass, (Olid:

1. G. monticolwm, Sond.

2. G. capense, Thunb., in Prod., 30.

Cape: Scrambling among shrubs by roadside between Hottentots’

Kloof and Karroopoort, 4818. Khamiesberg: Under rocks, kopje

South-west of Leliefontein and Hzelsfontein, 6319. Hlhottsberg,

7699.

3. G. asperwm, Thunb., in Flor. Cap., 152.

Cape: Common in dry rock fissures, Ceres, 3522. Upper:

Loeriesfontein Ravine, 2,500 ft., 4843. Namaqualand: Scrambling

on bushes in dry river-bed at Stinkfontein, 5527.

4. G. tomentosum, Thunb., l. ¢., 151.

Namaqualand: On bushes a little South of Brakdam, 5627. Sand

in river-bed, near Brakrivier, 3899.

PLUMBAGINACEAE.

By Louisa Bolus.

1 SAT ICH:

1. S. purpurata, Linn., var. (3, longlifolia, Boiss., in DC., Prodr.,

x., 667.

Cape: In dry hills North of Hex River, 5253. Through Nardouw

Kloof to Builshoek, 5356. In sandy river-bed between Lang Kloof

and Nardouw Pass, 5689.

2. S. equisetina, Boiss., in DC., Prodr., xii., 658.

Cape: Banks of Doorn Rivier, South of Brakrivier, 3885.

Namaqualand: River-bed, Stinkfontein, 5637. Along the river-bed

between Rattelpoort Railway Station and the mountain, 2979.

River-bed at Kopje’s Kraal, 3888. Bushmanland: Kamabies, 3956,

3999.

2. VOGELIA.

1. V.africana, Lam., Ill., ii., 148, t. 149.

Namaqualand: Sandy ravine below Doornpoort, 6016. Krantz

1 mile South of Butfel’s River between Arkoep and Mesklip, 5899.

218 Annals of the South African Museum.

Hills facing Brakrivier, 3900. Bushmanland: Foot of kopje at

Alewyn’s Fontein, 3340. Damaraland: Near Welwitsch, 4145.

Great Namaqualand: River-bed between Railway Station and

Buehholzbrunn, 3677. Kopje 12 km. West from Sandverhaar, 4615.

LORANTHACEAE.

By Lowsa Bolus.

1. LORANTHUS.

1. L. namaquensis, Harv., in Hary. and Sond., Fl. Cape dis tone

Namaqualand: One mile South of Mesklip, 5896. Khamiesberg :

About 6 miles North of Garies, 6386, Great Namaqualand:

Sandverhaar, 4440. Bushmanland : Between Ougrabies and

Kweekfontein, 3796. Orange River near Abbasis, 3005.

2. L. ovalis, H. Mey., in Drége, Zwei Pfl. Docum., 200.

Namaqualand : Between Bitterfontein and Stinkfontein, 5534. In

sandy ravine below Doornpoort, 6010. Sandy plain 5 miles North

of Anenous on the way to Chubiessis, 6185. In river-bed, Kuboos,

6070.

3. L. kalachariensis, Schinz., in Bull. Herb. Boiss., iv., App.

lil., 53.

Great Namaqualand: Sandverhaar, 4694.

2. VISCUM.

LV obscurum, Thunb: Prod, Pl. Cap. 31.

Karroo: Granite knoll, Brakdam, 5656. Khamiesberg: Southern

slopes of Sneeuwkop, 5851.

2. V. capense, Linn. f., Suppl., 426.

Karroo: Between Nieuwe Rust and Bitterfontein, 5546. Little

Namaqualand: On Tamarix in Hantam’s River-bed near Brak-

rivier, 4885. Klipfontein, 4721. Nieuwefontein, 3360. North of

Raman’s Drift, 4050.

3. V. pauciflorum, Thunb., /. ¢.

Bushmanland: Parasitic on shrub near the top of Ridge at

Aggenys, 2948. Great Namaqualand: 20 km. North of Raman’s

Drift, 4536.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 219

OROBANCHACEAE.

By Louisa Bolus.

1. OROBANCHE.

1. O. ramosa, Linn., Sp. Pl., 633.

Cape: Cold Bokkeveld Mts., lower slopes opposite Warm Baths,

Oliphant’s River Valley, 7099.

EBENACEAE.

By Louisa Bolus.

1 OCmnHAS

1. HL. multiflora, Hiern, in Trans. Cambr. Phil. Soc., xii., 100, t. 3.

Cape: Lower ridges left bank of Oliphant’s River at Kradouw

Krantz, 5302.

2, H. tomentosa, EH. Mey., ex Drége, Cat. Pl. Exsicc. Afr. Austr.

Cape: Overhanging the road in Nardouw Pass, 5329. Dry

ground, Boontjes Rivier, 5169. Namaqualand: Common on rocky

slopes at Koets, 5735. Locally common between Nieuwe Rust and

Bitterfontein, 5540, 5539. Khamiesberg: Tweerivieren, 6750.

3. H. linearis, Zeyher, in Linnaea, xx., 192.

Cape: Near the top of western slopes, Nardouw Kloof, 5427.

4, H. undulata, Thunb., Nova Gen. PIl., 85.

Khamiesberg : Wilgehout Ravine, 6387.

5. H. Pseudebenus, E. Mey., ex Drége, Cat. Pl. Exsicc. Afr.

Austr. 7.

Khamiesberg: Upper slopes of Zuurberg, Anegas, 6269. Nama-

qualand: Northern slopes of Rietkloof Mt., near the summit, 5707,

5716. Orange River near Abbasis, 3010. Great Namaqualand :

Lowen’s River, Gawachab, 4093. Bushmanland: River-bed at

Groot Rozynbosch, 3825.

6. EH. lancea, Thunb., Prodr., 85.

Namaqualand : Kloof on South side of pass between Bowesdorp

and Groot Gans, 5857. Upper slopes of Zuurberg, Anegas, 6258.

in)

Annals of the South African Museum.

2. ROYENA.

1.8. glabra, Linn:, Sp. Pl ed. 397

Cape: Upper South-western slopes above Pickenier’s Pass, 5123.

2. BR. hirsuta, Linn., l. c., 397.

Cape: Nine miles along the Leeuwfontein Road, 3513. Nardouw

Kloof, western aspect, 5412. Sand flats between Driefontein and

Heeren Logement,6757. Karroo: Blauwkrantz Pass, 4959. Khamies-

berg: Common on lower slopes of rocks in Khamiesberg Plateau,

6244. Common on southern slopes of Sneeuwkop, 5887. Namaqua-

land: In fissures in granite at Henriet, 3085. On lower western

slopes of TeAlee Mts., 6162. Nieuwefontein, 3331. Bushmanland:

Common on upper slopes of Koeberg, 6222. Mountains near pass

between Kamabies and Tweefontein, 3778. Ravines on upper slopes

of mountain, Kweekfontein, 3812. Broken country 15 miles North

of Alewyn’s Fontein, 3936. Near summit of Rattelpoort Mountain,

2954, Great Namaqualand: Crevices in granite hills 18 km. West

of Aus, 4212.

3. FR. pallens, Thunb., Prodr., 80.

Great Namaqualand: Dry river-bed about 12 miles North of

Ganus, 3700. Near stream-bed a little South of Dabaigabis, 4411.

Orange River near Abbasis, 3003.

HYDROPHYLLACEAE.

By Louisa Bolus.

lL. CODON:

1. C. Schenkit, Schinz., in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb., xxx., 173.

Great Namaqualand : Stream-course at base of mountain North of

Schakalskuppe, 4247.

2. C. Royent, Linn., Syst., ed. 12, 292.

Karroo: Near Pappekuil on stony ground, 3993. Namaqualand :

Hills South of Brakrivier, 3894. River-bed South of steep pass

between Chubiessis and Stinkfontein, 5972. In valley 2 miles

South-west of Garies, 5642.

jad

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions.

BORAGINACEAE.

3y Louisa Bolus.

lo ANCHUSA.

1. A. riparia, DC. Prod., x., 43.

Kamiesberg Plateau, 6347, 6245.

2. A. capensis, Thunb., Prodr., 34.

Khamiesberg: Middle western slopes of Sneeuwkop, western

aspect, 3rd kloof above Bowesdorp, 5840, 5781.

2. HELIOTROPIUM.

1. H. ovalifolium, Forsk., Fl. Aegypt.-Arab., 38.

Namaqualand: Sandy bank of Orange River at Bethany Drift,

6035. Great Namaqualand: Gawachab, among scrub a little above

high-water mark, Lowen’s River, 4088. Damaraland: Angola, 3377.

2. H. curassavicum, Linn., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, 130.

Cape: Moist places in Doorn River-bed, 5408. Namaqualand :

Brakrivier, 4866. Two miles South of Tweefontein, 3459. Damara-

land: Angola, 3384.

3. H. tubulosum, HK. Mey., in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Documente, 93.

Great Namaqualand: Near shallow stream-bed on stony plains,

12 km. West of Sandverhaar, 4610, 4618, 4687.

3. TOURNEFORTIA.

1. T. tuberculosa, Cham., in Linnaea, iv., 467.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy river-bed at Sandverhaar, 4645.

Sandy places South of Warmbad, 4036. Sandy plains at Schakals-

kuppe, 4256. Bushmanland: Sandy ground between Wortel and

Dabainoris, 3036. Pella, 3591. Sandy plains South of sand dunes

between Ougrabies and Aggenys, 2923.

4. EKHRETIA.

1. H. hottentotica, Burch., Trav., ii., 147.

Great Namaqualand: Slopes West of Gobas Station, 3748. Near

Dabaigabis, 4401, 4399. Bushmanland: Wortel, 3602.

222 Annals of the South African Museum.

5). TRICHODESMA.

1. T. angustifolium, Harv., Thes. Cap., i., 26, t. 40.

Great Namaqualand: Buchholzbrunn, 3674.

2. T. africanum, R. Br., Prodr., 496,

Karroo: River-bed at Draaikraal, 4993. River-bed just below

Blauwkrantz, 4961. . Namaqualand: Stream-bed opposite Sendling’s

Drift, 6106. Great Namaqualand: Buchholzbrunn, 3676.

6. LOBOSTEMON.

1. ZL. verrucosus, Buek., Linnaea, xi., 138.

Cape: Roadside between Hottentots’ Kloof and Karroopoort,

4812. Namaqualand: Roadside between Brakdam and Reitkloof,

5662.

2. L. fruticosus, Buek., l. c., 134.

Namaqualand: Roadside between Brakdam and Reitkloof, 5674.

3. L. argenteuws, Buek., l. c., 183.

Khamiesberg: Common on lower southern slopes of Sneeuwkop,

5890. Lower middle western slopes of Sneeuwkop, 5780. Upper

end lower plateau Vogelklip, 5916.

4. I. cinereus, DC., Prod., x., 10.

Cape: Foothills Cold Bokkeveld Mts. opposite Warm Baths,

7215.

do. L. Wurmbi, DC., bt. c., 11.

Cape: Mountain slopes, Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm

Baths, 6877. On plateau on summit of Nardouw Mountain, 5422.

Khamiesberg: Beaem Hill, 2 miles South-east of Leliefontein, 6369

6, Le giaber, Buek., lt. c5x., 137.

Khamiesberg: Lower southern slopes of Sneeuwkop, 5889.

Middle slopes of Zuurberg, 6271. Upper slopes of Vogelklip, 5009.

Namaqualand: Northern slopes of Rietkloof Mountain, 5715.

t. DL, laevigaius, Buel, 1. ¢., 139.

Cape: Upper western slopes of Nardouw Kloof, 5415.

8. L. glaucophyllus, Buek., 1. ¢., 138.

Cape: Among rocks near hill-top Nardouw Kloof, 4948. Hills at

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 223

Leeuwfontein, 3225. Sand flats between Driefontein and Heeren

Logement, 6736. Lower mountain slopes near Warm Baths,

Oliphant’s River Valley, 7216.

7. AMSINCKIA.

1. A. angustifolia, Lehm., Del. Sem. Hort. Hamb. (1831).

Khamiesberg : Leliefontein, 7755.

CYPERACEAE.

By Louisa Bolus.

1. FIMBRISTYLIS.

1. F. squarrosa, Vahl, Enum. i1., 289.

Little Bushmanland: Wet mud along the Orange River near

Abbasis, 2996.

2. CARPHA.

1. C. glomerata, Nees, in Linnaea, vii., 529.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm Baths, 7749.

3. FUIRENA.

1. F. coerulescens, Steud., in Flora, 1829, 153.

Cape: Damp places on eastern side of Pickenier’s Pass, 5228.

Khamiesberg: Wilgehout Ravine, 6381.

4, FICINIA.

1. F’. bracteata, Boeck., in Linnaea, xxxvii., 83.

Cape: On rocks near the river, Ceres, 3503. Common on upper

slopes Hottentots’ Kloof, 4898. Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts.

near Warm Baths, 7149.

Dee ass

Khamiesberg: Groenekloof, on dry hill-slopes, 6627.

3. F. gracilis, Schrad., Anal, Fl. Cap., 44.

Cape: Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts. near Warm Baths, 7137,

7150.

24 Annals of the South African Museum.

4. F’. luthosperma, Boeck. l. c., 72.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mts. near Warm Baths, 7751.

5. Ff. brevifolia, Nees, 1. c., ix., 292.

Cape: In rock fissures near the river, Ceres, 3515.

6. F. setiformis, Schrad., l. c., 45.

Cape: Near the top of Pickenier’s Pass, eastern side, 5230.

7. F. aphylla, Nees, in Endl. Prod. Fl. Nord., 23. Forma.

Locality uncertain, 5543.

8. F. filiformis, Schrad., 1. c., 46.

Cape: Common in dry rock fissures, Ceres, 3523.

9: FE. stolonifera, Boeck., 1. c., xxxvii., 60.

Karroo: Karieboomfontein, 3906.

5. CYPERUS.

1. C. sphaerospermus, Schrad., Anal. Fl. Cap., 8.

Cape: Damp spots, Oliphant’s River Valley, 5274.

2. C. marginatus, Thunb., Prod., 18.

Cape: Wet river-bed between Ceres and Leeuwfontein, 3238.

Karroo: Stompiesfontein, near water-pit, 4971. Damp places in

ravine at Loeriesfontein, 4852. Rock crevices in bed of Holle

Rivier, 3975. Little Namaqualand: Sandy bed of Doorn Rivier,

South of Brakrivier, 3882. Marshy ground brakwater pools,

Kuboos, 6083. Dry river-bed, Stinkfontein, 5519. River-bed South

of Tweefontein, 3757. Not far from water on middle slopes of

Rattelpoort Mts., 2973. Bushmanland: Water conduit, Pella, 3837.

Dry river-bed at Groot Rozynbosch, 3849. Great Namaqualand :

Mud bank in bed of Lowen’s River at Gawachab, 4091. Damara-

land: Mouth of Swakop River and sand dunes over the Walfish

Bay border, 3370.

3. C. longus, Linn., Sp. Plant, ed. 2, 67.

Cape: River-bed between Lang Kloof and Nardouw Pass, 5350.

Karroo: Damp crevices in shaly rocks in bed of Holle Rivier, 3973.

Namaqualand: Stream-bed on South of pass leading to Rietkloof,

5684. Little Bushmanland: Orange River near Abbasis, 3001.

C. longus, Linn., /. c. Forma.

Karroo: Bed of ravine at Loeriesfontein, 4857.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 225

6. MARISCUS.

1. M. riparius, Schrad., in Goett. Gel. Anz., iii., 2067.

Cape: Foot of Oliphant’s River Mts. near Warm Baths, 7141.

7. SCIRPUS.

1. S. incomtulus, Boeck., in Linnaea, xxxvi., 693.

Cape: Common in moist soil in hollows in Table Mountain

sandstone near river, Ceres, 3530. Oliphant’s River Valley near

Warm Baths, 7754. Khamiesberg: Damp places in shade of rocks

upper middle slopes, Sneeuwkop, 5784.

2. S. antarcticus, Linn., Mant., 181.

Cape : Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts. near Warm Baths, 7148.

3. S. nodosus, Rottb., Deser. et Ic., 52, t. 8, fig. 3.

Cape: Roadside between Hottentots’ Kloof and Karroopoort,

4806. Karroo: Rock crevices in bed of Holle Rivier, 3976.

Roggeveld after Blauwkrantz Pass, 4979. Khamiesberg: Stream in

ravine between Leliefontein Plateau and Hzelsfontein, 6321. By

stream on South side of pass between Bowesdorp and Groot Gans,

5869. Namaqualand: Near dam, Kamabies, 3465. Bed of Doorn

River south of Brakrivier, 3881.

4. S. Holoschoenus, Linn., Sp. Plant, ed. 2, 72.

Cape: Damp places on eastern side, Pickenier’s Pass, 5224.

5. S. spathaceus, Hochst., in Flora, 759.

Cape: River-side between Ceres and Leeuwfontein, 3237.

6. S. littoralis, Schrad., Fl. Germ., i., 142, t. 5, fig. 7.

Locality uncertain, 5437.

8. JUNCELLUS.

1. J. laevigatus, C. B, Clarke, in Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind., vi., 596,

Forma.

Karroo: Beukesfontein, forming turf in damp sand in river-bed

near springs, 4916.

2. J. laevigatus, C. B. Clarke, J. c.

Little Namaqualand: In crevices near top of Rattelpoort Mt.,

2990. Great Namaqualand: Among stones near warm spring at

JY)

226 Annals of the South African Museum.

Warmbad, 4379. Damaraland: Banks of Swakop River and sand

dunes on the Walfish Bay border, 3380.

JUNCACEAE.

By Lowsa Bolus.

1. JUNCUS.

1. J. bufonius, Linn., Sp. Plant, 328.

Cape: Stream-side between Ceres and Leeuwfontein, 3252.

Karroo : Karieboomfontein near water furrow, 4988.

2. J. lomatophyllus, Spreng., Neue Entd., ii., 108.

Cape: Damp places on East side of Pickenier’s Pass near the

summit, 5236.

3. J. acutus, Linn., var. Leopoldii, Buchen., in Abhand. Naturw.

Ver. Brem., iv., 421, t. 5.

Cape: Attis River-bed, 5388. Little Namaqualand: Banks of

Brakrivier, 4880. Bushmanland: Common around the water-hole

at Henkriesfontein, 3091.

4, J. maritumus, Lam., Encyc., iii., 264.

Karroo: Sandy river-bed at Beukesfontein, 5006. Namaqualand:

In dried-up vlei opposite Sendling’s Drift, 6109. River-bed between

Bitterfontein and Stinkfontein, 5523. Marshy ground below

brakwater pools, 6079.

2. PRIONIUM.

1. P. Palmita, EH. Mey., in Linnaea, vii., 131.

Cape: Near Ceres, 3516.

GRAMINEAE.

By F. Bolus.

1. ROTTBOELLIA.

1. R. compressa, Linn. f., Suppl. 114, var. fascacwlata, Hack., in

DC., Monogr. Phan., vi., 286.

Cape: In stream-bed eastern side Pickenier’s Pass, 5217. Water-

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 227

edge, Doorn River, 5403. Damp places on edge of Oliphant’s River,

Kradouw Krantz, 5276. Among bush on edge of small stream on

eastern side of Pickenier’s Pass, 5216.

2. HETEROPOGON.

1. H. contortus, Roem. and Schult., Syst., ii., 836.

Great Namaqualand : Among stones in Akam River-bed, 4762.

3. CYMBOPOGON.

1. C. marginatus, Stapf.

Cape : Common on hill-sides among rocks at Leeuwfontein, 3222.

Namaqualand : Rock crevices near summit of Rattelpoort Mountain,

2989.

2. C. plurinodis, Stapf.

Cape : Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts. behind Warm Baths, 7142.

Great Namaqualand : Schakalskuppe hill-tops, 4252. Akam River-

bed, 4764.

3. C. excavatus, Stapf.

Cape: Upper southern slopes above Kradouw Krantz, 5318.

Namaqualand : Rock crevices near summit of Rattelpoort Mountain,

2989.

4, ANTHISTIRIA.

1. A. wmberbis, Retz, in Obs., iii., 11.

Cape: Upper north-eastern slopes above Pickenier’s Pass, 5185.

Summit of Oliphant’s River Mts. behind Warm Baths, 6857.

5 DIGITARIA.

1. D. ercantha, Steud., in Flora, 1829, 468.

Cape: Lower eastern slopes of Kradouw Krantz, 5295. Great

Namaqualand: Sand near base of kopje 15 miles South-east of

Griindoorn, 4556. Rock crevice in kopje between Dabaigabis and

Griindoorn, 3168. Stony bed of Akam River, 4763.

6. PANICUM.

1. P. mesocomum, Nees, in FI. Afr. Austr., 34.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy river-bed at Buchholzbrunn, 3679.

In sandy river-bed 25 km. North of Warmbad, 4302. Dry river-

228 Annals of the South African Museum.

bed 20 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 4544. In sandy valley 20 km.

North of Raman’s Drift, 4515.

2. P. glomeratum, Hack., in Verh. Ver. Prov. Brandenb., xxx., 141.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy river-bed at Buchholzbrunn, 3668.

Sand dunes at Sandverhaar, 4657.

3. P. coloratum, Linn., in Mant., i., 30.

Great Namaqualand: Common in sandy places 21-30 km.

North of Raman’s Drift, 4013. Among dolerite blocks on face of

hill East of Gobas Railway Station, 3719.

4, P. minus, Stapf, var. 3, planifoliuwm, Stapf, in Dyer, Fl. Cap.,

vii., 410.

Cape: Sand banks in river-bed below Kradouw Krantz, 5363.

Great Namaqualand: Among quartzite blocks, Akam River-bed,

4749, 4741. Akam River-bed, 4767. Sandy places recently washed

by rain, South of Warmbad, 4031. Sandy valley 20 km. North

of Raman’s Drift, 2400, 3625. Near the crossing of the Kalk-

fontein Railway track, 4570, 4573, 4569.

7. SETARIA.

1 S. appendiculata, Stapf, in Dyer, Fl. Cap., vii., 422.

Great Namaqualand: Lower slopes of kopje above pass leading

down to Griindoorn, 3128. On kopje in partial shade, Griindoorn,

3137. Stream-bed at foot of mountain at Schakalskuppe, 4250.

Schakalskuppe, 4244, Hill-tops at Schakalskuppe, 4253.

8. PENNISETUM.

1. P. cenchroides, Rich., in Pers. Syst., 1., 72.

Cape: Dry river-bed of Doorn River, 5404. Great Namaqualand:

Near high-water mark, Lowen’s River, Gawachab, 4095. Among

stones in river-bed at Buchholzbrunn, 3648. Among rocks at

Dabaigabis, 4319. Crevices in kopje near crossing of the Kalk-

fontein Railway track, 4572. Dry stream-bed between Dabaigabis

and Griindoorn, 3116. Among rocks in dry stream-bed near

Dabaigabis, 4389. Dry stream-bed in sandy plains West of Ganus,

4477. Kopje near the crossing of the Kalkfontein Railway track,

4567. In sandy places recently washed by rain 20 km. South of

Warmbad, 4032. Two miles South of Dabaigabis, 4389. Among

quartzite blocks Akam River, 4730.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 229

2. P. macrourum, Trin., in Gram. Pan., 64.

Cape: Near water-edge in deep sand at Ceres, 3514. Marshy

ground eastern slopes above Pickenier’s Pass, 5178. Near stream-

bed between Ceres and Leeuwfontein, 3259. Khamiesberg: Among

Phragmites in damp spots on middle western slopes of Sneeuw-

kop, 38rd kloof above Bowesdorp, 5841. Near water, 6276.

Lower middle slopes of Sneeuwkop, near water-hole, 5831.

Namaqualand: With Arwndo overhanging brakwater pools at

Klipfontein, 6084.

3. P. Thunbergu, Kunth, in Réy. Gram., i., 50.

Cape: Foothills of Cold Bokkeveld Mts., opposite Warm Baths,

7145.

9. ANTHEPHORA.

1. A. pubescens, Nees, in Flor. Afr. Austr., 74.

Great Namaqualand: Middle slopes of kopjes above pass leading

down to Griindoorn, 3126.

10. TRICHOLAENA.

1. T. capensis, Nees, in Cat. Sem. Hort. Vratisl., 1835, and

in Linnaea, xi., Litt. Ber., 130.

Great Namaqualand: Gabis, 4952. Dry stream-bed between

Dabaigabis and Griindoorn, 3119.

11. ACHNERIA.

1. A. capillaris, Stapf, in Hook. Icon. Plant, t. 2604.

Khamiesberg : Sandy slope at Henkoker, 6761.

2. A. setifolia, Stapf, in Dyer, Fl. Cap., vii., 461.

Khamiesberg: In partial shade of rocks middle south-western

slopes of Beaem Hill, 2 miles South-east of Lelefontein Mission

Station, 6358.

12. PENTASCHISTIS.

1. P. eriostoma, Stapf, in Dyer, Flor. Cap., vii., 489.

Cape: North-eastern slopes above Pickenier’s Pass, 5136. Upper

slopes at Hottentots’ Kloof, 4943.

230 Annals of the South African Museum.

2. P. aspera, Stapf, l. c., 500.

Cape: On rocks in damp hollows near river at Ceres, 3504.

3. P. filiformis, Stapf, . ¢., 505.

Khamiesberg: Upper middle western slopes of Sneeuwkop, 5765.

Damp shady places, middle slopes of Sneeuwkop, western aspect,

3rd kloof above Bowesdorp, 5836.

4. P. brachyathera, Stapf, l. c., 507.

Namaqualand: Among boulders between Nieuwefontein and

Alewyn’s Fontein, 3333.

5. P. Thunbergu, Stapf, 1. c.

Cape : Damp places on eastern side of Pickenier’s Pass, 5223.

South-western slopes above Pickenier’s Pass, 5118. Locality un-

certain, 5231.

6. P. atroides, Stapf, /. c., 511.

Namaqualand : Bitterfontein, 6489.

13. DANTHONIA.

1. D. lupulina, Roem, and Schult., in Syst., i., 690.

Cape: Common high up on cliffs at Ceres, 3529.

9. D. stricta, Schrad., in Schult. Mant., ii., 383.

Cape: Burnt-out veld at Leeuwfontein, 3213, 3214. Khamies-

berg: Upper north-western slopes of Sneeuwberg, 5803.

3. D. suffrutescens, Stapf, in Dyer, Flor. Cap., VillesOcsess

Great Namaqualand: Common on sand dunes at Gorup, 4196.

Sand dunes at Sandverhaar, 4661, 3707, 4341.

14. CHAETOBROMUS.

1. C. dregeanus, Nees, Fl. Afr. Austr., 343.

Khamiesberg : EHenkoker, 6755.

15. PHRAGMITES.

1. P. communis, Trin., in Fund. Agrost., 134. Specimens incom-

plete (probably this sp.).

Upper Region: Damp places on steep sides of ravine at

Loeriesfontein, 4850.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 231

16s POLYPOGON.

1. P. monspeliensis, Desf., in Fl. Atlant., i., 67.

Cape: Marshy spots on southern slopes of Pickenier’s Pass, 5199.

Upper Region: Rock crevices in bed of Holle River, 3974. Nama-

qualand: Banks of water furrow at Brakrivier, 3879.

2. P. tenuis, Brongn., in Duperr. Voy. Coq. Bot., 22.

Cape: On damp ledges overhanging brakwater pools, 6094.

Upper Region : Damp places in ravines at Loeriesfontein, 4853.

17. AGROSTIS. °

1. A. bergiana, Trin., in Gram. Unifl. and Sesquifl., 203.

Khamiesberg: West of Leliefontein, 6324.

A. bergiana, Trin., var. glumis mucronatis.

Cape : Sand banks in Oliphant’s River-bed, Kradouw Krantz, 5296.

9. A. lachnantha, Nees, in Ind. Sem. Hort. Vratisl., 1834, and in

Linnaea, x., 115.

Cape: Roadside between Hottentots’ Kloof and Karroopoort,

4828. By side of a stream between Ceres and Leeuwfontein, 3231.

Between Ceres and Leeuwfontein, 3240. Khamiesberg: River-bed

on Khamiesberg Plateau, 6233. Water-edge of small stream on

South side of pass between Bowesdorp and Groot Gans, 5849.

3. A.sp. Nearest A. polypogonoides, Stapf.

Cape: Damp spots on edge of Oliphant’s River, 5273.

18. ARISTIDA.

1. A. Adscensionis, Linn., in Sp. PL., 82.

Bushmanland: Sand near river-bed at Dabeep, 6226. Broken

ground at Pella, 3557. Great Namaqualand: Dry stream-bed

between Dabaigabis and Griindoorn, 3118. Sand near kopjes

between Dabaigabis and Griindoorn, 3160. Among quartzite blocks,

Akam River basin, 4745. Among rocks near Holoog, 4136. Near

stream-bed on stony plains 12 km. West of Sandverhaar, 4625.

Sandstone at Sandverhaar, 4674. Near edge of sandy valley North

of Sabiesis, 4118. Middle slopes of kopje above pass leading

down to Griindoorn, 3129. By the side of the Railway between

Gawachab and Seeheim, 4332. Stream-bed a little West of Ganus,

4490.

232 Annals of the South African Museum.

2. A. angustata, Stapf, in Dyer, Fl. Cap., vii., 556.

Namaqualand: In clumps on kopje at Rietfontein, 3768.

3. A. congesta, Roem. and Schult., in Syst., i1., 401.

Bushmanland: Sand at Pella, 3590.

4, A. vestita, Thunb., in Prod. Cap., 19.

Cape: Mountain-tops at Hottentots’ Kloof, 4907. Southern slopes

above Pickenier’s Pass, 5185. River-bed, Lang Kloof, 5344. Bush-

manland: Granite knoll South of Kweekfontein water-hole, 3803.

Namaqualand: Upper northern slopes of Rietkloof Mt., 5719.

Among gneissic boulders at Alewyn’s Fontein, 3487. Great Nama-

qualand: Sandy valley 20 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 4533. On

kopje 12 km. West of Sandverhaar, 4612. Among quartzite blocks

Akam River basin, 4765. Sand at base of kopje 30 km. South of

Griindoorn, 4406, 4554. Top of mountain North of Schakalskuppe

Station, 4801.

A. vestita, Thunb., var. 3, parviflora, Trin. and Rupr , in Stip., 158.

Bushmanland : About 15 miles from Kamabies, and among boulders

of gneiss near Alewyn’s Fontein, 3487. Namaqualand: Rattel-

poort, near top of mountain, East of Railway Station, 2952.

A, vestita, Thunb., var. y, schraderiana, Trin. and Rupr., l. c.

Cape: Mountain-tops at Hottentots’ Kloof, 4929.

5. A. ciliata, Desf., in Schrad., Neues. Journ., ili., 255.

Karroo: In river-bed South side of pass, Klipplaat, 3395. Common

in dry sandy river-bed North of Gansfontein, 3983. River-bed

between Pappekuil and Stompiesfontein, 4967. Bushmanland :

Sand at foot of mountain between Wolftoon and Henkriesfontein,

3107. Near Ougrabies, 3564. Namaqualand: Common in dry sand

of river-bed between Plaatklip and Bitterfontein, 3293. Sandy valley

leading down to Bethany Drift, 6952. Great Namaqualand: In

sand a little North of Ganus, 4495. Very common on sandy plains

North of Schakalskuppe, 4800. In sandy river-bed 25 km. North of

Warmbad, 4298, 4301. Sandy river-bed at Buchholzbrunn, 3638.

Upper slopes of mountains behind Rotkuppe Station, 4153. Plains

between Dabaigabis and Griindoorn, 3158, 3159. Damaraland:

Ravine of the Khan River basin near Welwitsch, 4421, 4423. Slopes

of barren hills in Khan River basin near Welwitsch, 4472.

A. ciliata, Desf., var.

Great Namaqualand: Tschauchab, 4949.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions, 233

6. A. capensis, Thunb., J. ¢.

Cape: Eastern aspect (left bank) of Oliphant’s River, Kradouw

Krantz, 5304.

A. capensis, Thunb., var. y, macropus, Trin. and Rupr., in Stip.,

179.

Khamiesberg: Hill-side, Tweerivieren, 6499.

7. A.namaquensis, Trin., ex Steud., Nomencel., ed. 2, i., 131.

Cape : Sand veld on right bank of Oliphant’s River between Buils-

hoek and Doorn River, 5400. Karroo: Irrigated land on ‘ The

bosch near Schuurkraal,’”’ 3080. Schuurkraal, 4999. Shallow dry

sandy river-bed North of Gansfontein, 3991. Bushmanland: In

river-bed on veld, Aggenys, 2947. Namaqualand: Shaly banks of

Doorn River, South of Brakrivier, 3883. Slopes above Buffels River

between Arkoep and Mesklip, eastern aspect, 5898. Common in dry

sandy river-bed near first day’s outspan between Plaatkhp and

Bitterfontein, 3298. Fissures in granite, Henriet, 3082. Dry river-

bed South of pass between Grauwater and Klipplaat, 3282. Common

in sand at Brakrivier, 3901. Sandy flats Alewyn’s Fontein, 3335. Dry

sandy river-bed at Kamabies, 3953. Great Namaqualand: Common

on sand dunes 18 km. West of Aus, 4217. Common on sand dunes

at Sandverhaar, 3710, 3713, 4843. Sandy river-bed at Buchholz-

brunn, 3645, 3644. Sandy valley 20 km. North of Raman’s Drift,

4532. Sand dunes near top of granite mass South of Rotkuppe

Station, 4189. Common on granite slopes 18 km. West of Aus, 4208.

Sandy river-bed, Gabis, 4324. Locality uncertain, 3400.

8. A. lutescens, Trin. and Rupr., in Stip., 173.

Great Namaqualand: Sand dunes 18 km. West of Aus, 4203.

Sand dunes on hills South of Gorup Station, 4202.

9. A. obtusa, Del., in Fl. Egypte, i., 175, t. 13, fig. 2.

Karroo: River-bed between Pappekuil and Stompiesfontein, 4965.

Gansfontein, 3987. Bushmanland: In sand about 8 miles South-

west of Bitterfontein, 3866. Namaqualand: Common in river-bed

about 10 miles to North-east of Bitterfontein, 3406. Sandy slopes and

flats at Kamabies, 3777. Dry sandy river-bed on plateau South of

Daunabis, 6006. Common in sand at Brakrivier, 3902. Sandy

flats at Alewyn’s Fontein, 3334. Great Namaqualand: Sandy plains

95 km. North of Warmbad, 4292. A little West of Ganus, 4287.

Sand about 30 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 4053. Common in sand

at Gabis, 4322. Common on sand, Gorup, 4197. Sandy river-bed

234 Annals of the South African Musewm.

near Dabaigabis, 4352. About 20 km. South-south-east of Griin-

doorn, 3158. Sand of river-bed at Buchholzbrunn, 3639. Sand

dunes at Sandverhaar, 4663, 4676, 4688. Sandy plains North of

Railway at Schakalskuppe, 4804. Dry river-bed in sandy plains

North of Ganus, 4504. Common on sandy plain at Schakalskuppe,

4778. Common on sandy patches recently washed by rain 21-30 km.

North of Raman’s Drift, 4009.

10. A. uniplwmis, Licht., in Roem. and Schult., Syst., i, 401.

Great Namaqualand: Shallow steam-courses 12 km. West of

Sandverhaar, 4603. Kopje about 25 km. South of Warmbad, 4027.

Abundant in sandy valley North of Sabiesis, 4117. Among stones in

river-bed at Buchholzbrunn, 3655. Sand at base of kopje 15 miles

South of Griindoorn, 4555. Rocky ground near Dabaigabis, 4381.

Sandy stream-bed on stony plains 12 km. West of Sandverhaar, 4620.

Sandstone at Sandverhaar, 4673. Sand dunes at Sandverhaar, 3711.

Sandverhaar, 3704.

11. A. dregeana, Trin. and Rupr., J. c., 169.

Great Namaqualand: Common on granite slopes 18 km. West of

Aus, 4213.

12. A. geminifolia, Trin. and Rupr., J. ¢.

Bushmanland: In sand about half-way between Klipplaat and

Bitterfontein, 3869. Namaqualand: Common grass on sandy flat

South of Tweefontein, 3781. Great Namaqualand: Near stream-

bed on plains 12 km. West of Sandverhaar, 4600.

13. A. brevifolia, Steud., in Nomencl., ed. 2, i., 130.

Little Bushmanland: Sand between Dabainoris and Abbasis, 3011.

Bushmanland: Wortel, 3601. Common in sand near Wortel, 3634,

3626. Sandy places in pass above Wortel water-hole, 3632. Nama-

qualand: About 10 miles to the North-east of Bitterfontein, 3405.

Great Namaqualand : Common grass on sandy plains between Keet-

manshoep and Seeheim, 4590. On sandy plains 21-30 km. North of

Raman’s Drift, 4010. Common on sand 30 km. North of Raman’s

Drift, 4051. Sandy valley 20 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 4535.

Sandy plains 25 km. North of Warmbad, 4287.

14. A. hochstetteriana, Beck, ex Hack., in Verh. Bot. Ver. Prov.

Brandenb., xxx., 144.

Bushmanland: River-bed at Aggenys, 4953. Namaqualand:

Locality uncertain, 7798. Great Namaqualand: Common on sandy

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 235

plains between Keetmanshoep and Seeheim, 4347. Locality uncer-

tain, 4605. Damaraland: Sandy ravine Khan River basin, near

Welwitsch, 4468.

15. A. sp. Nearest A. wniplumis, Licht.

Great Namaqualand: Shallow stream-courses on plains 12 km.

West of Sandverhaar, 4602.

16. A. sp. Nearest A. plwmosa, Linn.

Damaraland: Sandy ravines of Khan River basin near Welwitsch,

4429.

17. A. sp. Nearest A. plwmosa, Linn.

Damaraland: Welwitsch, sandy bottom of ravine of Khan basin,

4418.

18. A. sp. Nearest A. plwmosa, Linn.

Damaraland: Rock crevices at Welwitsch, 4416.

19. A. sabulicola, Pilger, in Engl. Bot. Jahrb., vol. 40, p. 81 (1907),

Great Namaqualand: Sand dunes near top of mountain behind

Rotkuppe Station, 4185.

20. A. sp.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy river-bed 25 km. North of Warmbad,

4290.

19) TRAGUS:

1. T. racemosus, All., in Fl. Pedem., ii., 241.

Great Namaqualand: Among quartzite blocks on flats bordering

Akam River-bed, 4735. Sandy plains at Schakalskuppe, 4788.

20. SPOROBOLUS.

1. S. toclados, Nees, in Fl. Afr. Aust., 161.

Cape: Locality uncertain, 7747, 7748.

2. S. fimbriatus, Nees, l. c., 156.

Great Namaqualand: Among quartzite blocks in Akam River-bed,

4724.

3. S. indicus, R. Br., in Prodr., 170.

Cape: Sandy spots in Boontjes River, 5246.

236 Annals of the South African Museum.

4. S. pungens, Kunth, in Réyv. Gram., i., 68.

Cape: Dry river-bed between Bitterfontein and Stinkfontein,

5530, Damaraland: Mouth of Swakop River and sand dunes over

Walfisch Bay, 3381.

5d. S. Sladenianus, sp. nov., S. ioclado affinis, sed laminis angustiori-

bus, nervio medio minus prominente, ramulis paniculae solitariis vel

interdum subgeminatis, spiculis angustioribus, glumis subaequalibus

differt.

Perennis, rhizomate obliquo, ortibus sterilibus et reliquiis

mortuorum dense vestito; culmi erecti vel adscendentes, glabrj

laeves, circa 2-nodi, nodis omnino in vaginis inclusis (? deinde

exsertis), 12-56-20 cm. alti; vaginae inferiores latae firmae pallidae

glabrae laeves; ligula e fimbria densa capillorum perbrevum

composita ; laminae lineares, longe tenuissimeque attenuatae, planae

vel setaceo-convolutae, glabrae subglaucae laeves, 2°5-5 em. longae,

0-1-0:25 em. latae; panicula ovalis, 7-5-15 em. longa, 5 cm. diam.,

ramis adscendentibus (ramulis patentibus), solitariis vel subgeminatis,

simplicibus per tertiam vel dimidium longitudinis, filiformibus vel

capillaribus, strictis vel subflexuosis, laevibus, inferioribus distantibus,

ad 7:5 cm. longis, superioribus approximatis, pedicellis lateralibus

brevissimis ; spiculae sature griseo-olivaceae, lanceolatae acutis-

simae, 0:15-0:17 cm. longae; glumae subaequales, inferiore ovato-

lanceolata acuta, spicula tertio minore, superiore ovata acuta 1-nervia,

valva paullo breviore; valva late elliptica, subacuta 1-nervia; palea

late oblonga, valva paullo breviore; stamina 3, antheris 0-1 cm.

longis.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy plains at Schakalskuppe, 4779.

Great Karasberg: High plateau between Narudas Siid and Krai

Kluft, 8103.

Perennial ; rhizome oblique, densely beset with barren shoots

and the basal portions of dead shoots; culms erect or ascend-

ing, glabrous smooth, about 2-noded, the nodes wholly enclosed in

the sheaths (? at length exserted), 125-20 em. high ; lower sheaths

broad, firm, pallid, glabrous, smooth; ligule a dense fringe of short

hairs ; blades linear, tapering to a long fine point, flat or setaceously

convolute, glabrous subglaucous, smooth, 2°5-5 em. long, 0:1—0°25 em.

broad; panicle oval, 7-56-15 cm. long, by 5 em. broad, branches

ascending (the banchlets spreading), solitary or subgeminate, un-

branched from } to 4 their length, filiform or capillary, straight or

subflexuous, smooth, the lower distant, up to 7:°5 em. long, the upper

approximate, the lateral pedicels very short; spikelets dark olive-

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 237

grey lanceolate, very acute, 0:15-0:17 cm. long; glumes subequal,

the lower ovate-lanceolate, acute, about 3 of the spikelet, the upper

ovate, acute, l-nerved, a little shorter than the valve; valve broadly

elliptic, subacute, 1l-nerved; pale broadly oblong, a little shorter

than the valve ; stamens 3, anthers 0-1 em. long.

Allied to S. toclados, but differs in having the blades narrower,

with the midrib less prominent, branches of the panicle solitary or

sometimes subgeminate, spikelets narrower and glumes subequal.

Plate VIII., A, Fig. 1, sketch of portion of plant nat. size; 2,

branch of the panicle, x 6; 3, spikelet; 4, floret; 5, lower glume,

side view; 6, ditto, flattened; 7, upper glume, side view; 8, ditto,

flattened ; 9, valve, side view; 10, ditto, flattened; 11, pale, side

view—all x 20.

21. DIPLACHNE.

1. D. fusca, Beauv., in Agrost., 163.

Cape: In dry sand in river-bed of Doorn River, 5402.

2. D. paucinervis, Stapf, ex Rendle, in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw., i1., 232.

Locality uncertain, 3372. Little Bushmanland: Dry banks of

water-pit at Dabainoris, 3012.

22. ERAGROSTIS.

1. H. porosa, Nees, l. c. 401.

Great Namaqualand: Among quartzite blocks in Akam River-bed,

4742. Akam River, 4734. On kopje near Griindoorn, 3138. Sand

near base of kopje 15 miles South-east of Griindoorn, 4561, 4558,

4557. Sandy stream-bed on stony plains 12 km. West of Sand-

verhaar, 4622.

2. H. bicolor, Nees, l. c., 407.

Great Namaqualand: In sand near Kuibis Railway Station, 4761.

3. EH. micrantha, Hack., in Bull. Herb. Boiss., i11., 389.

Great Namaqualand: Gawachab, near high-water mark on banks

of Lowen’s River, 4094.

4. H. spinosa, Trin., in Gram. Gen., 416, and in Mém. Acad.

Petersb. Sér. 6, 1., 416.

Karroo: In sand North of Zoutpansdrift, 5002. Upper Region:

Holle Rivier, 3373. Bushmanland : Common in sand dunes between

238 Annals of the South African Musewm.

Ougrabies and Kweekfontein, 3792. Great Namaqualand: Sand

dunes near top of mountains at Rotkuppe, 4184.

5. H. denudata, Hack., l. c., 392.

Bushmanland: Groot Rozynbosch, 3696. Great Namaqualand:

Rock crevices in kopje between Dabaigabis and Griindoorn, 3167.

Sandy plains at Schakalskuppe, 4794. Common on mountain slopes

at Schakalskuppe, 4242. Common in sand near base of kopje 15

miles South-east of Griindoorn, 4565. Among limestone blocks on

hill-tops at Buchholzbrunn, 3671. Very common 18 km. West of

* Aus, 4216. Kopje near Griindoorn, 3145.

6. EH. chalcantha, Trin., 1. c., 401, and l. c., 401.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy plains South of Schakalskuppe

Station, 4773.

1. EH. sarmentosa, UTrin., lc.,-39, and l. c., 398.

Cape: Moist ground at edge of Oliphant’s River, 5272.

8. H. annulata, Rendle, in Journ. Bot., 1891, 72.

Great Namaqualand: Dry stream-bed between Dabaigabis and

Griindoorn, 3117. Among quartzite blocks Akam River basin, 4757.

Sandy stream-bed on stony plain 12 km. West of Sandverhaar, 4621.

Sand of stream-bed a little West of Ganus, 4477.

9. EH. brizoides, Nees, in Linnaea, vii., 328.

Cape: In moist spots, Boontjes River, 5245.

10. E. brizantha, Nees, in Fl. Afr. Austr., 411.

Great Namaqualand: River-bed near Dabaigabis, 4383.

11. EH. namaquensis, Nees, in Ind. Sem. Vratisl, 1835, and in

Linnaea, Litt. Ber., xi., 125.

Namaqualand: Locality uncertain, 7796.

12. H.sp. Nearest H. minor.

Great Namaqualand: In shade in dry stream-bed in sandy plain

West of Ganus, 4487. Drying mud patches in sandy flat South of

Lowen’s River at Gawachab, 4080.

23. CYNODON.

1. C. Dactylon, Pers., in Syn., i., 85.

Cape: Damp places near summit of Pickenier’s Pass on eastern

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 239

side, 5232. Upper Region: Rock crevices in bed of Holle Rivier,

3977. Little Bushmanland: Wet mud in Orange River, near

Abbasis, 2999.

24. TRIRAPHIS.

1. T. ramosissima, Hack., in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb., xxx.

(1888), 237.

Great Namaqualand: On stony plains 12 km. West of Sandverhaar,

4623, 4628. Dabaigabis, 4390. Kopje near the crossing of the

Kalkfontein Railway track, 4566. Rock crevices in kopje between

Dabaigabis and Griindoorn, 3171. Among rocks on bank of dry

stream-bed at Buchholzbrunn, 3647.

2. T. Fleck, Hack., in Bull. Herb. Boiss., iv., App., iii., 23, 24.

Great Namaqualand: Dry stream-bed between Dabaigabis and

Griindoorn, 3120. Sandy river-bed 25 km. North of Warmbad, 4291.

Sandy plains North of Railway at Schakalskuppe, 4803, 4802.

Sandy plains at Schakalskuppe, 4796.

25. ENNEAPOGON.

1. H. brachystachyus, Stapf, in Dyer, Fl. Cap., vii., 654.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy stream-bed in sandy plains West of

Ganus, 4475. Sandy plains at Schakalskuppe, 4797. Crack in

granite on hill South of Tschauchab Station, 4261.

2. H. scaber, Lehm., in Pug,, ii., 41.

Bushmanland: Sandy places at Weortel, 3617. Pella, 3559, 3558.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy valley North of Sabiesis, 4116. Sand

of river-bed at Seeheim, 3722. Crevices in limestone at Buchholz-

brunn, 3672. Sand near base of kopje 15 miles South-east of Griin-

doorn, 4559. Sand near base of kopje between Dabaigabis and

Griindoorn, 3162. Kopje on pass leading down to Griindoorn, 3122.

Kopje near Griindoorn, 3139, 3140. Common in dry river-course

91-30 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 4006. Shallow stream-bed

12 km. West of Sandverhaar, 4607. Sandstone at Sandverhaar,

4672. On kopje 12 km. West of Sandverhaar, 4632. Crevices in

sandstone on banks of river at Sandverhaar, 4647. Among dolerite

boulders on hill East of Railway Station at Gobas, 3717. Near

Dabaigabis, 4384. Common on stony ground near Dabaigabis, 4402.

Sandy places at Schakalskuppe, 4790.

240 Annals of the South African Museum.

26. SCHMIDTIA.

1. S. bulbosa, Stapf, l. c., 658.

Great Namaqualand: 20 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 4514. Sand

near base of kopje 15 miles South-east of Griindoorn, 4560. In dry

water-courses 20 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 4058. Sandy valley

North of Sabiesis, 4110.

27. HHRHARTA.

1. E. longiflora, Sm., in Pl. Ic. Ined., t. 32.

Khamiesberg: Damp shady places in upper part of Khoms

Ravine, 6649.

2. H. capensis, Thunb., in Vet. Acad. Handl. Stockh. 1779

216, t. 8.

Cape: Lower slopes Oliphant’s River Mts. near Warm Baths,

7346. Foot of Oliphant’s River Mts. at Warm Baths, 7153. Upper

southern slopes above Kradouw Krantz, 5319.

3. E. delicatula, Stapf, in Kew Bull., 1897, 288.

Upper Region: Common in ravines at Loeriesfontein, 4839.

Khamiesberg: In shade of rocks, Khoms Ravine, 6667. Dry

stream-bed under shade of rocks on Sneeuwkop, western aspect,

middle slopes, 3rd kloof above Bowesdorp, 5835. Damp _ shady

places in Khoms Ravine, 6714. In shade of granite blocks 500 ft.

above Tweerivieren facing West, 6477. Namaqualand : Bitterfontein,

6503. Last outspan before Garies, 6474.

4. EH. pusilla, Nees, ex Trin, Phalar., 22.

Namaqualand: Between Plaatklip and Bitterfontein, 3292.

Locality uncertain, 7794.

5. E. calycina, Sm., in Pl. Ic. Ined., t. 33.

Cape: Hottentots’ Kloof, 7795. Lower eastern slopes (left bank)

of Kradouw Krantz, 5321. Below cliffs (eastern aspect) left bank of

Oliphant’s River at Kradouw Krantz, 5303. Upper Region: Ravines

at Loeriesfontein, 4847. Khamiesberg: Among rocks at Namaroup,

6592. Namaqualand: Cornlands at Brakdam, 5597.

E. calycina, Sm., var. B, versicolor, Stapf, in Fl. Cap., vii., p. 675.

Khamiesberg : Dry slopes in Khoms Ravine, 6694. Tweerivieren,

400 ft. above Settlement, 6609.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 241

6. EH. ramosa, Thunb., in Prodr., 192.

Cape: Common on hill-sides among rocks at Leeuwfontein, 3222.

Upper North-east slopes above Pickenier’s Pass, 5133.

7. HE. aphylla, Schrad., in Goett. Gel. Auz., iii. (1821), 2077, and

in Schult. f., Syst., vii., 1369.

Cape: Ceres, 3533.

8. H. barbinodis, Nees, l. c., 20.

Khamiesberg : Dry slopes in Khoms Ravine, 6713.

9. EH. gigantea, Thunb., l. c.

Cape: Upper southern slopes above Kradouw Krantz, 5317.

Upper South-west slopes above Pickenier’s Pass, 5121.

E. gigantea, Thunb., var. y, stenophylla, Stapf, in Dyer, FI.

Cap., vii., p. 681.

Cape: Summit of mountain, Hottentots’ Kloof, 4928. Tops and

upper slopes of hills above Hottentots’ Kloof, 4935. Mountain slopes

above Hottentots’ Kloof, 4911.

28. FINGERHUTHIA.

1. F. africana, Lehm., in Ind. Sem. Hort. Hamb., 1834, and in

Linnaea, x., Litt. Ber., 112.

Khamiesberg : Common in clumps on dry slopes in Khoms Ravine.

7797. Namaqualand: Sandy hill at Stinkfontein, 6485. Great

Namaqualand : Akam River-bed, 4740, 4768. Base of kopje between

Dabaigabis and Griindoorn, 3148. Mountain slopes at Schakals-

kuppe, 4798. By side of dry stream-bed near Dabaigabis, 4387.

On stream-bed between Dabaigabis and Griindoorn, 3115. Sandy

river-bed 25 km. North of Warmbad, 4294.

Zo ae. Sp:

Great Namaqualand: Locality uncertain, 4294.

29. SCHISMUS.

1. S. fasciculatus, Beauv., in Agrost., 74, 177.

Namaqualand: Near dam North of Bitterfontein, 6475. Locality

uncertain, 3482. Khamiesberg: Dry stony hills at Varsche Rivier,

6508.

242 Annals of the South African Museum.

30. LASIOCHLOA.

1. ZL. ciliaris, Kunth, in Rév. Gram., ii., 555, t. 192.

Cape: Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths, 7146,

7340, 7336. Summit of Oliphant’s River Mts., behind Warm Baths,

7144. Oliphant’s River Valley, near Warm Baths, 7143.

2. L. longifolra, Kunth, l. c., 557, t. 193.

Cape : Common among bushes on hill-sides at Leeuwfontein, 3181.

Upper south-western slopes above Pickenier’s Pass, 5113. Leeuw-

fontein, 3215.

L. longifolia, Kunth, var. 3, hispida, Stapf, in Dyer, FI. Cap., vii.,

Dp. 099:

Cape: Mountain slopes above Hottentots’ Kloof, 4912.

L. longifolia, Kunth, var. y, pallens, Stapf, l. c.

Khamiesberg: Upper north-western slopes of Sneeuwkop, 5800.

31. BRIZOPYRUM.

1. B. obliterum, Stapf, J. c., 703.

Cape: River-bed between Ceres and Leeuwfontein, 3243. Stream-

side at Leeuwfontein, 3242.

2. B. capense, Trin., in Mém. Acad. St. Petersb., Sér. 6, iv. (1838),

and in Gram. Gen. Suppl., 54.

Cape: Summit of Oliphant’s River Mts., behind Warm Baths,

7133, 7132. Lower eastern slopes, Kradouw Pass, 5294. Ceres,

3001.

oe, BRIZA:

{2 Bemaxima, Linn., in Sp. Pl, 70.

Cape: Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths, 7152.

2. B. minor, Linn., l. c.

Cape: Stream-side between Ceres and Leeuwfontein, 3254.

Khamiesberg: Stream-side on South side of pass between Bowes-

dorp and Groot Gans, 5882.

33. ENTOPLOCAMIA.

1. E. aristulata, Stapf, in Dyer, Fl. Cap., vii., 711.

Great Namaqualand: Among quartzite blocks Akam River basin,.

4748.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 243

34. POA.

t. P. annua, imn., in Sp. PI, 68.

Damp ground near stream, Groene Kloof, 6618.

35. ATROPIS.

1. A. Borreri, Stapf, l. c., 716.

Karroo : Beukesfontein, 4968. Upper Region: Near water

conduit in drying mud at Karieboemfontein, 3924.

36. FESTUCA.

1. F. scabra, Vahl., in Symb. Bot., 11., 21.

Khamiesberg : Upper north-western slopes of Sneeuwberg, 5804.

37. BROMUS.

1. B. patulus, Mert. and Koch, in Rohl. Deutschl. Fl., 1, 685,

var. y, vestitus, Stapf, 1. c., 730.

Cape: Roadside between Hottentots’ Kloof and Karroopoort, 4826.

Khamiesberg: Khamsoap Ravine, 7746. Namaqualand: Bitter-

fontein, 6572.

38. HORDEUM.

1. H. secalinum, Schreb., in Spicil. Fl. Lips., 148.

Cape: Roadside between Ceres and Leeuwfontein, 3257. Road-

side between Hottentots’ Kloof and Karroopoort, 4833.

FILICES.*

By 7. ih. Sim.

Ee MOEIRIELA.

1. M. caffroruwm, Desv., Kuhn, Fil. Afr., 171.

Khamiesberg: Upper western slopes, under rocks, Sneeuwkop,

5829.

2. GYMNOGRAMME.

1. G. cordata, Schl. Adum., 16.

Namaqualand: Crevices in granite slopes 6 miles North of Anenous

on the road to Chubiessis, 6184. Locality uncertain, 2935.

* Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa. Report No. 72.

244 Annals of the South African Museum.

3. BLECHNUM.

1. B. australe, Linn., Thunb. Prod., 172. Probably sporeling.

Cape: On mud banks of stream on eastern side of Pickenier’s

Pass, 5213:

B australe, Ginn, (6% 72:

Khamiesberg: Beaem Hill, 2 miles South-east of Leliefontein,

6373.

4, CHEILANTHES.

1. C. hirta, Sw., Schl. Adum., 50, t. 30.

Cape: Upper southern slopes above Kradouw Krantz, 5320.

Top of Oliphant’s River Mts. behind Warm Baths, 6859.

2. C. multifida, Sw., l. c., 49, t. 29.

Namaqualand: Rietkloof Mt., under stones on northern side near

the summit, 5726. Khamiesberg: On slopes of Beaem Hill North-

west of Leliefontein, 6327. Cape: Under rocks in kloof behind

Warm Baths, Oliphant’s River Valley, 7316.

3. C. induta, Kze., Linn., 10, 538.

Cape: On upper western slopes above Kradouw Krantz, 5828.

Common among rocks at Leeuwfontein, 3223. Khamiesberg:

Beaem Hill, 2 miles South-east of Leliefontein, 6374.

jk DEANTORSIS,

1. A. capensis (Thunb.), Fee.

Namaqualand : Crevices in granite slope 6 miles North of Anenous

on the road to Chubiessis, 6182. Khamiesberg: Lower slopes of

Zuurberg, 6251. Under rocks close to stream in upper part Khoms

8 pper }

Ravine, 6633.

6. ADIANTUM.

1. A. Capillus-veneris, Linn., Pappe and Rawson, 32.

Namaqualand: Richtersveld; damp ledges in shade overhanging

brakwater pools near Hell’s Kloof, 6096. Karroo: Damp places in

shady cliffs in ravine at Loeriesfontein, 4863.

7. ASPLENIUM.

1. A. adiantwm-nigrum, Linn., Schl. Adum., 31, t. 17.

Khamiesberg Middle slopes of Sneeuwkop, western aspect, 3rd

kloof above Bowesdorp, 5838.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 245

2. A. praemorsum, Sw., Prod., 130.

Cape: Damp fissures in rocks near river, Ceres, 3500.

8. PELLAEA.

1. P. awriculata, Link., Hook., Sp. Fil., 11., 140.

Khamiesberg: Under rocks, Beaem Hill, 6691.

2. P. namaquensis, Bkr., in Journ. Bot. (1874).

Cape: Rock crevices near top of Rattelpoort Mt., 2970.

3. Ps hastata, Link:, lt: c., 145, t. 1168.

Namaqualand : Under rocks on kopje leading down to Griindoorn,

3124.

4. P.deltoidea, Bkr., Syn. Fil., 146.

Namaqualand: Crevices on kopje between Dabaigabis and

Griindoorn, 3176.

9. OSMUNDA.

1. O. regalis, Linn., Kunze, Linnaea, 10, 491.

Cape: North end of Nardouw Pass under palmiet, Oliphant’s

River, 5327. In river-bed, in sand, Ceres, 3517.

O. regalis, Linn., Kunze, Linnaea, 10, 491. Sporeling.

Cape : Pools along Oliphant’s River, Kradouw Pass, 5293.

10. TODEA.

1. IT. barbara, Moore, in Moore’s Index, 119. Sporelings.

Khamiesberg: Middle slopes of Sneeuwkop, western aspect,

3rd kloof above Bowesdorp, 5837.

11. OPHIOGLOSSUM.

1. O. vulgatwm, Linn., Sp. Pl., 7740

Bushmanland: Red sand, Dabeep, 6224. Namaqualand: Deep

sand near Kuibis Railway Station, 4738.

246 Annals of the South African Museum.

LEGUMINOSAE.”

By Lowsa Bolus.

iP SPODAGY RIA:

1. P. myrtillifolia, Willd., Sp. Pl., ii., 505.

Cape: Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts. behind Warm Baths, 7035.

2. P. biflora, Lam., Illustr., ii., 471, var. brevipedunculata, L.

Bolus.

Cape: Summit of Oliphant’s River Mts. behind Warm Baths,

7026.

2. COELIDIUM.

1. C. spinosum, Benth.

Locality uncertain, 7745.

3. BORBONIA.

1. B. parviflora, Lam., Encye., 1, 437.

Cape: Summit of Oliphant’s River Mts. behind Warm Baths,

7023.

2. B. lanceolata, Linn., Sp. Pl., 707.

Khamiesberg: Lower southern slopes Sneeuwkop, 5873. Upper

western slopes of Sneeuwkop, 5764. Middle Khamiesberg plateau

North-east of Leliefontein, 6346.

3. B. undulata, Thunb., var. (3, multeflora, Hary., in Harv. and

Sond., Flor. Cap., i., 30.

Cape: Pickenier’s Pass, eastern slopes, rocky places, 5147.

4. RAFNIA.

1. RF. cunetfolia, Thunb., Nov. Gen., 145.

Cape: Summit of Oliphant’s River Mts., Warm Bath, 6853.

Lower slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts., Warm Bath, 7031.

* Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa. Report No. 73

(Leguminosae, Acanthaceae). Contributed by the Bolus Herbarium of the South

African College.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions.

5. KUCHLORA.

1. H. serpens, K. and Z., Enum. 171.

Khamiesberg: Old cornfields, Witsand, 6565.

6. LOTONONIS.

1. L. digitata, Harv., in Harv. and Sond., Flor. Cap., ii., 52.

Locality uncertain, 7744.

Namaqualand: Clefts of granite, Brakdam, 5652. Upper western

slopes of conical hill 14 miles South of Stinkfontein, 5555.

2. L. oxyptera, Beuth., in Hook., Lond. Journ., i1., 605.

Cape: Foot of Oliphant’s River Mts., Warm Baths, 7012, 7034.

3. L. micrantha, Harv., l. c., 58, var. brevipedunculata, Harv.

Cape: On sand flats between Driefontein and Heeren Logement,

6735.

4. L. falcata, Benth., in Hook., Lond. Journ. Bot., ii., 608.

Great Namaqualand: Lower slopes of kopje above pass leading

down to Griindoorn, 3132.

aya Ee anthyllovdes, Hlary.,.0. ¢., 09.

Cape: Foot of Oliphant’s River Mts., Warm Baths, 7015.

6. L. polycephala, Benth., in Hook., Lond. Journ. Bot., ii., 605.

Bushmanland: Sand between Kweekfontein and Ougrabies, 3795.

7. L. prostrata, Benth., var. y, heterophylla, Harv., 1. c., 53.

Cape: On slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts., 7024, 7030, 7029.

8. L. Leobordea, Benth., in Hook., Lond. Journ. Bot., ii., 611.

Great Namaqualand: Lower slopes of hills above pass leading

to Griindoorn, 3127. Sand near base of kopje 15 miles South-

east of Griindoorn, 4563.

9. L. exstipulata, n. sp., L. angustifoliae, Steud., affinis, sed indu-

mento appresso, foliis exstipulatis, marginibus involutis, pedunculis

brevioribus 2 floris, ceterisque differt.

248 Annals of the South African Museum.

Herba perennis, undique, petalis exceptis, appresse pubescens

quasi strigosa, ad 10 cm. alta; rami adscendentes graciles, inter-

nodiis 0°3-0°8 cm. longis; folia erecta vel patentia, petiolo

0-3-0-9 em. longo, exstipulata, foliolis 3, spathulato-linearibus vel

oblanceolatis, saepius mucronatis, marginibus involutis, supra

clabra, 0°5-1:2 cm. longis; pedunculi terminales teretes, 0:7-2°3

em. longi, 2 flori, floribus suberectis umbellatis ; bracteae lineares

vel lanceolatae, 0°2-0°3 em. longae, pedicellis ad 0-4 cm. longis;

calyx 1:1 cm. longus, segmento antico lanceolato acuminato,

0-6 cm. longo, lateralibus ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis, 0°3 cm.

longis; vexillum 1:6 em. longum, lamina late ovata, acuta sub-

cordata, infra, apicem versus, nervo medio parcissime pubescente,

1°2 em. longa; alae 1:3 cm. longae, lamina oblonga obtusa, basi

postice auriculata, antice fere truncata, 0°9 cm. longa; carina

obtusa saccata, vexillo aequilonga ; ovarium lineare, apicem versus

tenuiter pilosum, multiovulatum ; legumen ignotum.

Cape: On slopes, Hottentots’ Kloof, 4902.

A perennial herb, all parts, the petals excepted, pubescent with

adpressed strigose-looking hairs, up to 10 cm. high; branches

ascending slender, the internodes 0:3-0°8 cm. long; leaves erect

or spreading, the petiole 0:3-0-9 cm. long, exstipulate, the leaflets

3, spathulate-linear or oblanceolate, usually mucronate, the margins

involute, glabrous above, 0°5-1:2 em. long; peduncles terminal

terete, 0°7-2°3 cm. long, 2 flowered, flowers somewhat erect um-

bellate; bracts linear or lanceolate, 0°2-0°3 em. long, the pedicels

up to 0-4 cm. long; calyx 1:1 cm. long, the anticous segment

lanceolate acuminate, 0°6 em. long, the lateral ovate-lanceolate

acuminate, 0°3 em. long; vexillum 1°6 cm. long, the lamina broadly

ovate, acute subcordate, below, towards the apex, on the medial

nerve very sparingly pubescent, 1-2 cm. long; alae 1:3 cm. long,

the lamina oblong obtuse, posticously auriculate at the base,

anticously almost truncate, 0°9 em. long; carina obtuse saceate,

as long as the vexillum; ovary linear, thinly pilose towards the

apex, many-ovuled, 0-9 ecm. long; legume unknown.

Allied to ZL. angustifolia but differs by the adpressed indument,

the exstipulate leaves with involute margins, the shorter 2-flowered

peduncles and by other characters.

Plate VII., A, Fig. 1, sketch of a branch; 2, leaf, upper side,

nat. size; 8, calyx; 4, ditto, laid open; 5, vexillum, lower side;

6, ala: 7, carina—all the latter x 2; 8, amdroecium, x 3; 9:

gynaeceum, X 2; 10, ovary, one side removed, x 3.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 249

7. LEBECKIA.

1. L. multiflora, E. Mey., Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr., 34.

Namaqualand: Sandy roadside between Anenous and Chubiessis

outspan, 5978. Sandy ravine below Doornpoort, 6017.

2. L. linearifolia, H. Mey., l. c., 33.

Great Namaqualand: A little South of Dabaigabis, 4390. Common

in sandy river-bed near Dabaigabis, 4396. Bushmanland: Sand

at foot of mountains between Wolftoon and Henkriesfontein, 3105.

3. L. sericea, Thunb., Nov. Gen., 140.

Khamiesberg: Common from Nieuwerust to Kharkams, 6500.

Bushmanland: Common on kopjes Nieuwefontein, 3468.

4. L. Simsiana, E. and Z., Enum. 192.

Cape: Alluvial sand in Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm

Baths, 7013.

5. L. grandiflora, Benth., in Hook., Lond. Journ. Bot., 11., 357.

Cape: Summit of Oliphant’s River Mts. behind Warm Baths, 7036.

6. L. pauciflora, BH. and Z., Enum. 192.

Cape: Roadside near Warm Baths, Oliphant’s River Valley, 7019.

7. L. Candolleana, Walp., in Linnaea, xiii., 477.

Cape: Moist:spots near Hex River, 5240.

8. L. spinescens, Harv., in Harv. and Sond., Flor. Cap., i1., 88.

Forma.

Bushmanland: Sandy veld, Wortel, 3633. Great Namaqualand:

Sand about 20 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 4046. On sandy plains

South of Lowen’s River at Gawachab, 4098.

8. VIBORGIA.

1. V. armata, Harv., in Harv. and Sond., Flor. Cap., ii., p. 91.

Namaqualand: Roadside between Brakdam and Rietkloof, 5676.

Karroo: Common a little North of Bitterfontein, 5536. Khamies-

berg: Wilgehout Ravine, 6349.

2. V. sp. Material insufficient.

Khamiesberg : Tweerivieren, hill-sides, 6763.

250 Annals of the South African Museum.

3. V.sp. Material insufficient.

Locality uncertain, 7752.

oF ASE ALAS:

1. A. acuminata, Lam., Encye., i., 287.

Cape: Leeuwfontein, 3028. Khamiesberg: Among granite rocks

on kopje South-west of Leliefontein, 6301. Namaqualand : Sandy

ground on South side pass leading to Rietkloof, 5682.

2. A. ciliaris, Linn., Mant., 262.

Cape: Top and upper slopes of mountains at Hottentots,

Kloof, 4936.

3. A. Benthamu, Harv., in Harv. and Sond., Flor. Cap., ii., 111.

Cape: Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts., near Warm Baths, 7032,

7016, 7110.

4. A. heterophylla, K. Mey., Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr., 40.

Cape: Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts. near Warm Baths, 7037,

MOLT:

5. A. vulnerans, Thunb., Prod. Pl. Cap., 128.

Cape: On western slopes of Nardouw Kloof, 5426. Foothills

of Cold Bokkeveld Mts. opposite Warm Baths, Oliphant’s River

Valley, 7020.

Ge Al triquetra, ‘Rhunb., U6. 127.

Cape: Summit of Oliphant’s River Mts. behind Warm Baths,

6864,

(eAepungens, Cnunb:,tc.,, 129:

Khamiesberg: On dry veld, Lang Kloof, 5354.

8. A. divaricata, Thunb., l. c., 128.

Cape: On rocks on hill-tops at Hottentots’ Kloof, 4931. On

lower slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts. near Warm Baths, 7018.

9. A. ertezfolza, Linn., Sp. PI., 711:

Khamiesberg: Elhottsberg, 7695. Roadside between Brakdam

and Rietkloof, 5670.

10. A. thymsfolia, Linn., Ul. c., 711.

Khamiesberg : On kopje South-west of Leliefontein Mission

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 251

Station, 6304. Among rocks in Middle Khamiesberg Plateau North-

east of Leliefontein, 6343.

11. A. mollis, Lam., Encyc., i., 290.

Khamiesberg : On east side of Pickenier’s Pass, 5219.

12. A. divaricata, Thunb., Prod. Pl. Cap., 128.

Khamiesberg : Hill-sides, 3187.

10. MELOLOBIUM.

1. M. cernuwum, BK. and Z., Enum. 190.

Little Namaqualand : Among rocks on pass between Grauwater

and Klpplaat, 3287, Draaiklip, 6790.

11. ARGYROLOBIUM.

1. A. collinuwm, BK. and Z., Enum. 186.

Upper Region: Loeriesfontein near outspan, 4875.

A. collinum, BK. and Z., var. y, angustatum, Harv., in Harv. and

Sond., Flor. Cap., i, 72.

Khamiesberg : Summit of Sneeuwkop, 5771.

2. A. petiolare, Steud., Nom., ed. 2, i., 130.

Kbamiesberg: Elliottsberg, 7701.

3. A. velutinwm, HE. and Z., Enum. 186.

Cape: Eastern slopes Pickenier’s Pass, 5143.

12. MEDICAGO.

1. M. denticulata, Willd., Sp. PL, iii., 1414.

Namaqualand: Sandy bank of Orange River at Bethany Drift,

6039.

2. M. nigra, Willd., J. c., 1418.

Cape: Close to water-edge, Groene Kloof, 6621.

13) TRIFOLIU M:.

1. T. procumbens, Linn., Sp. Pl., 727.

Cape: Foothills Cold Bokkeveld Mts. opposite Warm Baths,

Oliphant’s River Valley, 7109.

952, Annals of the South African Museum.

14. CROTALARIA.

1. C. Pearsonwt, Bak. f., in Journ. Linn. Soc., xlii., 342.

Namaqualand: Doornpoort ravine, 6131.

Plate VII., B, Fig. 1, sketch of a branchlet, nat. size; 2, flower;

3, calyx; 4, ditto, laid open; 5, vexillum, lower side; 6, ala;

7, carina; 8, androecium; 9, gynaeceum—both the latter taken

from a bud; 10, ditto, from an older flower—all the latter x 2;

ovary, longitudinal section, x 3.

2. C. effusa, HE, Mey., Comm. PI. Afr. Austr., 25.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Valley near Warm Baths, 7105.

3. C. humilis, KH. and Z., Enum. 174.

Khamiesberg : Common on hill-side, Tweerivieren, 6768.

4. C. virgultalis, Burch., ex DC., Prod., ii., 128.

Great Namaqualand: Common on sand dunes at Sandverhaar,

3712. Exact locality unknown, 7753. Bushmanland: Sand dunes

between Ougrabies and Aggenys, 2928.

15. PSORALEA.

ivr. apnyla, tinn. Pla Ate Rar. lp.

Cape: Foothills Cold Bokkeveld Mountains opposite Warm

Baths, Oliphant’s River Valley, 7313.

2. P. candicans, EB. and Z., Enum. 228.

Cape: Roadside between Hottentots’ Kloof and Karroopoort,

4805, 4811.

3. P. striata, Thunb, var. B, gracilis, Harv., in Harv. and Sond.,

Hor: Caps, i, 153:

Namaqualand: Roadside between Brakdam and Rietkloof, 5668,

5667.

4. P. hamata, Harv., in Harv. and Sond., Flor. Cap., i1., 152.

Khamiesberg: Abundant on south-eastern slopes of Sneeuwkop,

above Modderfontein, 5864.

5. P. oligophylla, EK. and Z., Enum. 227.

Khamiesberg: Middle Khamiesberg plateau North-east of Lelie-

fontein, 6344. Growing socially in ravines upper end of lower

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 253

plateau Vogelklip, South-east slopes, 5932. Cape: Boontjes Rivier,

5116.

6. P. obtustfolia, DC., Prod., ii., 221.

Namaqualand: In sand of river-bed, Grauwater, 3262. Great

Namaqualand: 20 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 4520. In sand

of river-bed 2 miles South of Dabaigabis, 4393.

16. INDIGOFERA.

1. I. heterophylla, Thunb., Prod. Pl. Cap., 133.

Cape: Among bushes on roadside between Hottentots’ Kloof

and Karroopoort, 4823. Khamiesberg: Hllottsberg, 7696, 7700—

extremely stunted forms. Sneeuwkop, upper western slopes, 5768

—extremely stunted forms. Bushmanland: Nieuwefontein, among

stones in veld, 3329—material poor, but very probably this

species.

2. I. adenocarpa, WH. Mey., Comm., 105.

Bushmanland: Pass at Wortel, 3599.

3. I. psoraleoides, Linn., Syst., 469.

Cape: On mud bank of stream near top of Pickenier’s Pass,

eastern side, 5214.

4. I. anabaptista, Steud., Nom., ed. 2, 1., 805.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy places among rocks between Da-

baigabis and Griindoorn, 3153.

5. I. spinescens, EK. Mey., Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr., 93.

Namaqualand: Middle granite slopes facing Hast, a little North

of Middelkraal, 5616; northern slopes Rietkloof Mt., 5725. Bush

near Wortel, 3621. Khamiesberg: Near summit of Vogelklip,

6921.

6. I. pungens, HE. Mey., Ll. c., 93.

Locality uncertain, 7779.

7. I. venusta, KE. and Z., Enum. 235.

Cape: Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts. below Warm Baths, 7025,

7108.

254 Annals of the South African Museum.

8. I. heterotricha, DC., Prod., ii., 227.

Great Namaqualand: Dry river-bed 20 km. North of Raman’s

Drift, 4545, 4520. Bushmanland: Common on sand near Wortel,

3630. Common in broken ground at Groot Rozynbosch, 3836.

Sandy and rocky places at Dabainoris, 3016. Wortel, 3612.

9. I. psammotropha, Bolus, in Journ. Bot., 1896, 22.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy plains Schakalskuppe, 4786, 4785.

Sandy plains West of Ganus, 4481. Stream-course on sandy plains

between Keetmanshoep and Seeheim, 4346. Sand near base of

kopje on plains 12 miles South-east of Griindoorn, 4950. Sand and

sand dunes, Sandverhaar, 4679.

10. I. amoena, Dryand, in Ait., Hort. Kew, ed. 1, iii., 68.

Cape: Slopes of Oliphant’s River Mts., Warm Baths, 7033.

11. I. argyroides, EK. Mey., Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr., 106.

Bushmanland: Dry stream-bed West of Pella, 3561. Great

Namaqualand: On stony ground 12 km. West of Sandverhaar, 4599-

12. I. frutescens, Linn. f., Suppl., 334.

Cape: Foot of Oliphant’s River Mts., Warm Baths, 7027.

13. I. cryptantha, Benth., ex Harv. and Sond., Fl. Cap., i1., 195.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy slopes and dunes Sandverhaar, 4342.

Sandy river-bed at Sandverhaar, 4656. Sand of river-bed at

Buchholzbrunn, 3663.

14. I. rhytidocarpa, Benth., ex Harv. and Sond., Fl. Cap., ii., 202.

Great Namaqualand: In sandy valley North of Sabiesis, 4112.

15. I. hololeuca, Benth., l. c., 200.

Bushmanland: Sand at Dabainoris, 3016.

16. I. alternans, DC., Prod., 11., 229.

Great Namaqualand: Sand dunes at Sandverhaar, 4658. Sand-

stone and dunes, Sandverhaar, 4690. Schaf River-bed at Seeheim,

3733. In sandy places South of Warmbad, 4371. Hill East of

Gobas Station, 3715.

17. I. auricoma, EK. Mey., Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr., 107.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy plains 25 km. North of Warmbad,

4309, 4288. Sandy flat on stony plains 12 km. West of Sandverhaar,

Plants Collected im the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 255

4626. On sandstone hills at Seeheim, 3726. Dry steam-bed, sandy

plains West of Ganus, 4485. In sand of stream-bed near Dabaigabis,

4407. Broad sandy river-bed North of Sabiesis, 4130.

18. I. denudata, Thunb., Prod. Fl. Cap., 132.

Khamiesberg: Tweerivieren, 6766.

19. I. affinis, Harv., in Harv. and Sond., Fl. Cap., i1., 184.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy river-bed at Buchholzbrunn, 3653.

On sand dunes at Sandverhaar, 3709. Rocky hills near Holoog,

4138.

20. I. limosa, n. sp., fortasse I. gracilem, Spreng., proxime accedit

sed annua, et foliis saepe 5 foliolatis, petiolis longioribus, stipulis

lineari-setaceis, racemis laxis, calycis segmentis acuminatis dis-

tinguitur.

Herba annua tenella, ramis diffusis elongatis filiformibus, tenuiter

strigosis, internodiis ad 3 cm. longis ; folia adscendentia vel patentia,

petiolo capillaceo, 1-2-2 cm. longo, stipulis flaccidis lineari-setaceis,

0-3—0-4 cm. longis, foliolis 3-5, rarissime ad unum reductis, digitatis

obovatis, obtusissimis vel subtruncatis, muticis vel minute mucronu-

latis, basi subcuneatis, supra glabrescentibus, infra parce strigosis,

0-5-1:1 em. longis; pedunculi filiformes, ad 6 cm. longi, supra

medium laxe pluriflori, floribus adscendentibus; bracteae mox

deciduae, lineari-setaceae, 0°2 cm. longae; pedicelli 0-1 cm. longi;

calyx extus strigosus, 0*4 cm. longus, segmentis lanceolatis, longe

acuminatis, 0-3 cm. longis; vexillum 0°6 em. longum, lamina

suborbicularis ciliata, ungue vix 0-1 cm. longo; alae vexillo aequi-

longae, oblongae, supra medium ampliatae, apice obliquae, obtusae,

basi postice minute gibbosae, ungue brevissimo ; carina alis aequi-

longa, obtusa ciliata, medio saccata, ungue laminam fere aequante ;

ovarium anguste lineare pluri-ovulatum, 0-4 cm. longum; legumen

cernuum lineari-teres, valvis immaturis subtorulosis, deinde convexis,

tenuiter strigosum, 1-1 cm. longum, seminibus 7—9 glaberrimis.

Khamiesberg: Among grasses in marshy ground South-west of

Leliefontein, 6325.

An annual slender herb, with diffuse elongate filiform, thinly

strigose branches, the internodes up to 3 em. long; leaves ascend-

ing or spreading, the petiole capillary, 1-2-2 em. long, the stipules

flaccid linear-setaceous, 0°3—0°4 em. long, the leaflets 3-5, very rarely

reduced to one, digitate obovate, very obtuse or somewhat truncate,

muticous or minutely mucronulate, somewhat cuneate at base,

256 Annals of the South African Museum.

glabrescent above, sparingly strigose below, 0°5-1:1 cm. long;

peduncles filiform, up to 6 cm. long, laxly several-flowered above

the middle, the flowers ascending; bracts soon deciduous, linear-

setaceous, 0°2 cm. long; pedicels 0-1 em. long; calyx strigose with-

out, 0°4 em. long, the segments lanceolate, long acuminate, 0°3 em.

long ; vexillum 0-6 em. long, the lamina suborbicular ciliate, the

claw scarcely 0-1 cm. long; alae as long as the vexillum, oblong,

widened above the middle, oblique at the apex, obtuse, at the base

posticously minutely gibbous, the claw very short; carina as long as

the wings, obtuse ciliate, saccate in the middle, the claw almost

equalling the lamina; ovary narrow-linear several-ovuled, 0-4 cm.

long ; legume cernuous linear-terete, the immature valves somewhat

torulose, finally convex, thinly strigose, 1-1 cm. long, the seeds 7-9,

quite glabrous.

Probably nearest £. gracilis, but is distinguished by being an

annual with the leaves often 5-foliolate, with longer petioles, lnear-

setaceous stipules, lax racemes, and acuminate calyx segments.

Plate VII., C., Fig. 1, sketch of plant, nat. size; 2, flower; 3,

calyx; 4, ditto, laid open, inner view; 5, vexillum; 6, ala; 7, carina

—all the latter x 3; 8, androecium ; 9, gynaeceum x 4; 10, ovary,

one side removed, x 6.

IG So ele REVAS

1. S. biflora, E. Mey., Comm. -Pl. Afr. Austr., 114.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy river-bed near Dabaigabis, 4404.

Dry river-bed 20 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 4542. Among rocks

at Dabaigabis, 4318. Common in shallow stream-bed on stony

plains 12 km. West of Sandverhaar, 4611.

18. THPHROSILA:

1. T. sphaerosperma, Baker, in Oliver, Fl. Trop. Afr., 11, 125.

Great Namaqualand: Sand dunes at Sandverhaar, 3,100 ft., 4683,

4951.

2. T. Dregeana, KH. Mey., in Linnaea, vii., 169.

Great Namaqualand: Sandstone at Sandverhaar, 4668. Near

base of kopje 15 miles South-east of Griindoorn, 4576. Common in

sandy valley North of Sabiesis, 4113. Sand South of Warmbad,

5031. Sandy valley 20 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 4521. Damara-

land: Barren granite slopes, Welwitsch, 4417.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 257

19. SUTHERLANDIA.

1. S. frutescens, R. Br., in Ait., Hort. Kew, ed. 2, iv., 327.

Cape: Foothills Cold Bokkeveld Mts. opposite Warm Baths.

Oliphant’s River Valley, 7022. Little Namaqualand: Brakrivier,

sand of river-bed, 3903.

20. LESSERTIA.

i Gnenciusa, WC Prods u., 202:

Cape: Kloof below Warm Baths, Oliphant’s River Valley, 7106.

2. L. capitata, E. Mey., Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr., 116.

Namaqualand: Draai Klip, 6791.

3. L. linearis, DC., Prod., 11., 272.

Cape: Sandy flats eastern aspect above Pickenier’s Pass, 5204.

4. L. macrostachya, DC., in Ann. Se. Nat., Sér. i., iv., 100.

Great Namaqualand : Sand dunes Sandverhaar, 4277, 4340.

L. macrostachya, DC., var. /3, atomaria.

Namaqualand: Dry sandy stream-beds opposite Sendling’s Drift,

6111. |

5. L. spinescens, HE. Mey., Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr., 115.

Khamiesberg: Bailey’s Vlakte, 6613.

21. HALLIA.

1. H. imbricata, Thunb., in Schrad., Journ., i., 319.

Cape: Amongst Palmiet in Oliphant’s River-bed, Kradouw

Krantz, 5292. Damp ground along the Oliphant’s River, 5252.

22. VICIA.

1. V. satwa, Linn., Sp. PI., 736.

Cape: Kloof below Warm Baths, Oliphant’s River Valley, 7107.

Khamiesberg: Khoms Ravine near stream, 6662,

23. VIGNA.

1. V. Burchell, Harv., in Harv. and Sond., Fl. Cap., ii., 239.

Great Namaqualand: Sand of Schaf River-bed at Seeheim, 3738,

Sandy river-bed at Sandverhaar, 4644.

258 Annals of the South African Museum.

24. RHYNCHOSIA.

1. &. Totta, DC., Prod., ii., 388, var. grandiflora, L. Bolus, in

Ann. Bolus Herb., i., 15.

Great Namaqualand: Sandstone slopes at Seeheim, 3741. Kopje

near crossing of the Kalkfontein Railway track, 4571.

2. Ff. viscidula, Steud., Nom. Bot., ed. 2, 11., 454.

Khamiesberg: Near water in Khoms Ravine, 6669.

25. HOFFMANSEGGIA.

1. H. Pearson, Phillips, in Kew. Bull. (1911), 262.

Great Namaqualand: Aub River-bed at Gobas, 3747. Sand dunes

at Sandverhaar, 4658. Sand of river-bed at Sandverhaar, 4652.

River-bed at Holoog, 4122.

26. PARKINSONIA.

1. P. africana, Sond., in Linnaea, xxiii., 38.

Bushmanland: Common on sandy plains between Kweekfontein

and Ougrabies, 3797. Sand at foot of Wolftoon, near Henkries-

fontein, 3104.

20. BAWHINIA.

1. B. gariepensis, E. Mey., Comm. Pl. Afr. Austr., i., 162.

Bushmanland: Wortel, 3597. Common on sand near Dabainoris,

3022.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy bed a little North of Raman’s Drift,

4044.

98. SCHOTIA.

1. S. speciosa, Jacq., Coll., i., 93, var. tamarindifolia, Harv., in

Harv. and Sond., Fl. Cap., i1., 274.

Bushmanland: River-bed at Groot Rozynbosch, 3824.

Great Namaqualand: Dry river-bed, 20 km. North of Raman’s

Drift, 4540.

29. ACACIA.

1. A. hebeclada, DC., Cat. Hort. Monsp., 73.

Great Namaqualand : Sandy river-bed 25 km. North of Warmbad,

4306.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 259

9. A. detinens, Burch., Trav., 1., 310.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy plains 25 km. North of Warmbad,

4299.

3. A. glandulifera, Schinz, in Mem. Herb. Boiss., i., 114.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy flat South of Lowen’s River,

Gawachab, 4081.

4. A. giraffae, Willd., Enum. Hort. Berol., 1054.

Bushmanland: Pella, 3584, 2951.

5. A. horrida, Willd., Sp. Pl., iv., 1082.

Namaqualand: Two miles South of Tweefontein, 3456.

ACANTHACEAE.

By Louisa Bolus.

1, RUBIA,

1. R. Marlothu, Engl., Bot. Jahrb., x., 257.

Damaraland: Welwitsch, 4420. Deep ravines near Welwitsch,

4148.

2 APD Me

1. P. linifolium, Harv., in Thes. Cap., i., 27, t. 148.

Great Namaqualand: Near stream-bed on stony plains, 12 km.

West of Sandverhaar, 4624.

ee Sovaiwi wOn ts scls.in Dyer, Hi rop. Air, v., 90:

Damaraland: Dry stream-courses at Welwitsch, 4151.

3. P. Gossweilert, S. Moore, in Journ. Bot., 1902, 307.

Bushmanland: Pella, 3548.

3. BLEPHARIS.

1. B. furcata, Pers., in Syn., 11, 180.

Namaqualand: Dry river-bed at foot of Jackal’s Berg, 6162.

On quartzite slopes above Brakwater pool, 6074. Quartzite on

plateau above Modderfontein Pass, 5998. Dry sandy places in

South side of pass between Daunabis and Bethany Drift, 6032.

260 Annals of the South African Museum.

Great Namaqualand: Common on slopes of granite hills South of

Tschauchab Station, 4262. Along shallow stream-courses, 12 km.

West of Sandverhaar, 4606.

2. B. villosa, C. B. Cl, Dyer, in El. Cap., v., 29.

Bushmanland: Fissures in gneissic¢ river-bed at Pella, 5043.

Great Namaqualand: Among quartzite blocks near Akam River,

4760.

3. B. extenuata, 8. Moore, in Journ. Bot., 1901, 301.

Bushmanland: Aggenys, 2942. Namaqualand: Common among

rocks between Grauwater and Klipplaat, 3288. Near Klipplaat,

3392. Lower slopes Rattelpoort Mt., 2976. Common on steep

krantz 1 mile South of Buffels River between Arkoep and

Meskhlp, 5902. Great Namaqualand: Common on lower slopes

East of Aus, 4716.

4. ACANTHOPSIS.

1. A. carduifolia, Schinz., in Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb., xxxi., 200.

Bushmanland: In sand at foot of kopje, Alewyn’s Fontein, 3346.

Khamiesberg : Sandy ground at foot of Beaem Hill 2 miles South-

east of Leliefontein Mission Station, 6378. Namaqualand: In valley

2 miles West of Garies, 5640. Stony hills South of Brakrivier,

3895. Sandy ravine below Doornpoort. Also common as far as

Daunabis, 6009.

A. cardwifolia, Schinz, var. 3, glabra, C. B. Cl., in Dyer, Fl. Cap.,

ieee.

Namaqualand : About 10 miles North-east of Klipplaat, 3308.

2. A. hoffmannseggiana, C. B. Cl., in Fl. Cap., v., 35.

Bushmanland: Common at Rozynbosch, 4019.

a Ae Waspind, OB. Cl. nl C30.

Namaqualand: Quartzite slopes North of Modderfontein, 6159.

Quartzite hills North-east of Stinkfontein, 6153.

4. A. spathularis, Schinz, in Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb., xxxi., 201.

Namaqualand: Near the summit of Rattelpoort Mt., 2961.

Common on dry mountain slopes South of Tweefontein, 3783.

Bushmanland: Common on kopje at Rietfontein, 3772. Gneissic

ridges West of outspan Alewyn’s Fontein, 3490.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions, 261

5. BARLERIA.

1. B. irritans, Nees, in Linnaea, xv., 359.

Great Namaqualand: Among quartzite blocks, Akam River basin,

4744. Common on lower slopes of mountain South of Tschauchab

Station, 4266. Lower slopes of kopje leading down to Griindoorn,

3123. Sandy valley 20 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 4525.

B. irritans, Nees, var. (3, rigida, C. B. Cl., in Fl. Cap., v., 48.

Bushmanland: Side of stream-bed at Pella, 3545. Great Nama-

qualand: Kopje 12 km. West of Sandverhaar, 4629.

2. B. lancifolia, T. Anders., Journ. Linn. Soc., vii., 28 (1864).

Var. foliis ovatis vel lanceolato-ovatis; bracteis interdum foliis

subconformibus, ad 1:4 em. longis.

Great Namaqualand: South of Warmbad, 4001, 4022.

6. MONECHMA.

1. M. incanum, C. B. Cl., in Dyer, Fl. Cap., v., 69.

Namaqualand: First day’s outspan between Plaatklip and Bitter-

fontein, 3294. Great Namaqualand: Broad sandy valley North of

Sabiesis, 4127. Sandy river-bed near Dabaigabis, 4386. Sandy

plains between Dabaigabis and Gabis, 4312. Dry stream-bed in

sandy plains West of Ganus, 4486.

Dei. golle..©. Be Os, f. é:

Bushmanland: Dry river-beds near Dabainoris, 3020. Namaqua-

land: Lower north-western slopes of hill South-west of Chubiessis

outspan, 6189. Dry sandy river-bed South of Daunabis, 6060.

Great Namaqualand: Common on kopje South of Warmbad, 4004.

Ravines on mountains South of Tschauchab Station, 4460. South

of Warmbad, 4034. Kopje 12 km. West of Sandverhaar, 4631,

4636, 4664. Locality uncertain, 3697.

3. M. leucoderme, C. B. Cl., l. c., 70.

Great Namaqualand: Middle slopes of kopje above pass leading

down to Griindoorn, 3125.

4, M. arenicolum, C. B. Cl., in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr., v., 218.

Damaraland: Ravines of Khan River near Welwitsch, 4144, 4419.

5. M. spartioides, C. B. Cl., in Dyer, Fl. Cap., v., 72.

Bushmanland: Common in sands at Pella, 3543. Great Nama-

qualand: Common on lower slopes Hast of Aus, 4717. Broad

262 Annals of the South African Museum.

sandy river-bed North of Sabiesis, 4123. Buchholzbrunn, 3643.

Sandy ground and on kopjes 20 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 4043.

Sand at Sandverhaar, 3701. Karroo: River-bed between Pappekuil

and Stompiesfontein, 4966.

These are all forms of M. spartioides, C. B. Cl., and connect this

species with WM. Atherstoner and M. pseudopatulum—all three of

which are, in our opinion, forms of one species.

6. M. davaricatum, C. B. Cl., l. c., 72.

Great Namaqualand: River-bed below Railway Station at Buch-

holzbrunn, 3678.

7. M. genistaefoliwm, C. B. Cl., in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr., v., 217.

Great Namaqualand: Sandstone at Sandverhaar, 4662. Sandy

valley North of Sabiesis, 4107. Rocky hills around Holoog, 4140.

Among quartzite blocks in Akam River Valley, 4770. Kopje 12 km.

West of Sandverhaar, 4635.

SCROPHULARIACEAE.”

By N. E. Brown, Louisa Bolus, and EH. P. Phillips.

1. APTOSIMUM.

1. A. albomarginatum, Mav), and Engl., in Engl. Jahrb., x., p. 249.

Great Namaqualand: Gawachab, sandy flat South of Lowen’s

River, 4082. Broad sandy valley North of Sabiesis, 4101.

2. A. Steingroevert, Kingl., Jahrb., xix., p. 149.

Namaqualand: Prostrate in dry sandy river-bed, outspan beyond

Plaatklip, 3289. Common on sandy slopes, Kamabies, 3,000 ft., 5041.

Right bank of Buffels River between Arkoep and Mesklp, 5960.

3. A. abietinum, Burch., Trav. 8. Afr., 1., p. 308.

Great Namaqualand: Sand at Gabis, 4329.

Var. 3, elongata, Benth., in Lindl. Bot. Reg

g., sub t. 1882.

Bushmanland: Very common at Groot Rozynbosch, 3827.

Common along water-courses between Aggenys and Pella, 3586.

Dry rivulet, Wortel, 3681. Great Namaqualand: Rocky ground

near Dabaigabis, 4400. Slopes and plateau West of Gobas Station,

3743.

* Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa. Report No. 74.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 263

4. A. scaberrimum, Schinz, in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb.,

KExi, p: 18d.

Great Namaqualand: Sandstone at Sandverhaar, 3,100 ft., 4670.

5. A. lineare, Engl. and Marl., in Engl. Jahrb., x., p. 250.

Sandy valley 20 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 4517.

6. A. ndivisum, Burch., Trav. 8. Afr., 1., p. 219, 225.

On granite kopje, Nieuwfontein, 3472.

7. A. depressum, Burch., Trav. S. Afr., i., p. 260.

Namaqualand: Common in sand of river-bed at Brakrivier, 3904.

Great Namaqualand: Plains North of Ganus, 3,000-3,200 ft., 4507.

2. PELIOSTOMUM.

1. P. virgatum, E. Mey., ex Benth., in Bot. Reg., sub t. 1882.

Namaqualand: Klipfontein, 3,360 ft., 5983. In sand at foot of a

kopje about 10 miles North-east of Klipplaat, 3307.

2. P. leucorrhizum, Bi. Mey., ex Benth., in Bot. Reg., sub t. 1882.

Great Namaqualand: About 30 km. North of Raman’s Drift,

4052.

Var. y, grandiflorum, Hiern, in Dyer, Flor. Cap., iv., § 2, p. 138.

Great Namaqualand: Sand dunes at Sandverhaar, 3,100 ft., 4692.

3. ANTICHARIS.

1. A. scoparia, Hiern, ex Schinz, in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb.,

XRKI, Leo,

Great Namaqualand: Top of ridge, Gobas, 3742.

9. A. linearis, Hochst., ex Aschers, in Monatsb. Acad. Berl.

(1866), 880.

Great Namaqualand: Schaf River-bed at Seeheim, 2,300 ft., 3734.

3. A. juncea, Li. Bolus, A. longifoliam, Marl. et Engl., proxime

accedit, sed suffruticosa glabra, foliis paucioribus minoribusque, et

pedicellis brevioribus.

Fruticulus glaberrimus, ad 30 em. altus; rami ramulique stricti

teretes striati subspinescentes, distanter foliati, interdum fere nudi ;

folia erecta linearia, obtusa vel acuta, basin versus gradatim

264 Annals of the South African Museum.

attenuata, 0°5-0'7 cm. longa, 0-1 cm. lata; pedicelli supra medium

bibracteolati, 0-2-0-4 cm. longi; calycis segmenta oblonga vel

linearia, acuta, 0:2-0°4 em. longa, 0:1 cm. lata; corolla 1:9-2-:1 cm.

longa, lobis 0°3-0°4 cm. longis; stamina fertilia parum dimidium

corollae excedentia, filamentis hispidulis, apice contortis, antheris

adhaerentibus, lateribus tangentibus crispulato-pilosis, apice basique

longe barbatis, aliter parce hispidulis, 0-4 cm. longis, staminodiis

0-2 cm. longis; ovarium ovatum glabrum, 0:2 em. longum; capsula

oblongo-ovata subacuta, supra medium compressa, 0°7—-0°8 em. long.

Bushmanland: Near Wortel, 2,700 ft., 3609. Common in pass

near base of kopje, Wortel, 3600.

Great Namaqualand: Kopje South of Warmbad, 4002.

An entirely glabrous shrublet, up to 30 em. high; branches and

branchlets straight terete striate becoming somewhat spiny, distantly

leaved, sometimes almost nude; leaves erect linear, obtuse or acute,

gradually narrowed towards the base, 0-d-0°'7 em. long, 0-1 em.

wide; pedicels bibracteolate above the middle, 0-2-0:4 cm. long ;

calyx segments oblong or linear, acute, 0°2-0°4 cm. long, 0-1 cm.

wide ; corolla 1-9-2-1 cm. long, the lobes 0-3-0-4 cm. long; fertile

stamens reaching a little beyond the middle of the corolla, the

filaments hispidulous, twisted at the apex, the anthers adhering, the

adjacent sides pilose with crisped hairs, bearded with long hairs at

the base and apex, otherwise sparingly hispidulous, 0-4 cm. long,

the staminodes 0°2 em. long; ovary ovate glabrous, 0-2 em. long;

capsule oblong-ovate subacute, compressed above the middle,

0: 7-0'8 cm. long.

Nearest A. longifolia, but sutfruticose glabrous with fewer and

smaller leaves and shorter pedicels.

Plate VI., B, Fig. 1, sketch of a branchlet; 2, corolla, laitl open,

x 2; 3, anthers with portion of filament, front view; 4, ditto,

back view, x 4; 5, capsule, x 2; 6, gynaeceum, x 2.

4. DIASCIA.

1. D. pachyceras, K. Mey., ex Benth., in Hook., Comp. Bot. Mag. ,

i ep- LO:

Cape: Sandy flat between Driefontein and Heeren Logement,

common, 5840.

2. D. thunbergiana, Spreng., Syst. Veg., 11., p. 800.

Khamiesberg: Under bushes at Kharkams, 6664.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 265

5.. HEMIMERIS.

1. H. montana, L. f., Suppl., p. 280.

Khamiesberg : Namaroup, 6600.

6. COLPIAS.

1. C. mollis, E. Mey., ex Benth., in Hook., Comp. Bot. Mag., i1.,

p. 53.

Namaqualand and Bushmanland: In small crevices in face of

gneissic rocks, Rietfontein, 2,300 ft., 3438. Namaqualand: Rock

fissures, middie slopes of Rattelpoort Mt., 2969.

7. NEMESIA.

1. N. versicolor, E. Mey., ex Benth., in Hook., Comp. Bot.

Mag., ii., p. 20.

Khamiesberg : Tweerivieren, 6767.

2. N. anisocarpa, KE. Mey., ex Benth., in Hook., Comp. Bot.

Vidi, ale morn 1G

Khamiesberg: Between Bitterfontein and Stinkfontein, 6501.

3. N. ligulata, HK. Mey., ex Benth., in Hook., Comp. Bot. Mag,, il.,

p- 20.

Khamiesberg: Wet places, Naras Ravine, 6705. Witsand,

6697.

3. N. diffusa, Benth., in Hook., Comp. Bot. Mag,, ii., p. 22, var. 2,

rigida, Benth., J. ¢.

Cape: Common in moist soil, in hollows, in rocks not far from

water, Ceres, 3498. South sides of cliffs above Pickenier’s Pass,

5187.

5. N. lanceolata, Hiern, in Dyer, Flor. Cap., iv., § 2, p. 198.

Khamiesberg: Southern slopes of Sneeuwkop, 5878. Beaem

Hill, 2 miles South-east of Leliefontein Mission Station, 6365.

8. TEEDIA.

1. T. lucida, Rudolphi, in Schrad., Journ., ii., p. 288.

Cape: Among rocks on upper slopes and tops of hills, Hottentots’

Kloof, 4899.

Namaqualand : Crevice near top of Rattelpoort Mt., 2985.

266 Annals of the South African Museum.

9. FREYLINIA.

1. F. oppositifolia, Spin., Jard. 8. Sébast., ed. 2, p. 13, 29,

nota 12.

Khamiesberg: Marshy ground, Wilgehout Ravine, 6383. Among

rocks near stream, Khoms Ravine, 6639.

10. MANULEA.

1. M. altissima, L. f., Suppl., ‘p. 286.

Cape: Foothills of Cold Bokkeveld Mts., opposite Warm Baths,

Oliphant’s River Valley, 7267. Sand veld on right bank of

Oliphant’s River between Builshoek and Doorn River, 5399.

Var. 5, longifolia, Hiern, in Dyer, Flor. Cap., iv., § 2, p. 229.

Cape: Sand flats between Driefontein and Heeren Logement,

6799. Khamiesberg: Henkoker, 6759.

Var. y, glabricaulis, Hiern, l. c.

Namaqualand: Sandy ground on South side of plain leading to

Rietkloof, 5681.

2. M. densiflora, Benth., in Hook., Comp. Bot. Mag., i., p. 382.

5”

Khamiesberg: Kopje South-west of Leliefontein Mission Station,

6305.

3. M. rigida, Benth., 1. c.

Cape: Among bushes on veld between Ceres and Leeuwfontein,

3247. Namaqualand: Bed of Doorn Rivier South of Brakrivier, 3884.

11. SUTERA.

1. S. annua, Hiern, in Flor. Cap., iv., § 2, p. 264.

Cape: Mt. slopes, Oliphant’s River Valley, near Warm Baths,

6989.

2. S. ramosissima, Hiern, l. c., p. 265.

Bushmanland: In crevices of quartzite cliff, Ougrabies, 3568.

3. S. revoluta, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl., ii., p. 467.

Khamiesberg: In shade of rocks on kopje South-west of Lelie-

fontein Mission Station, 6303. Southern slopes, Sneeuwkop, 5880.

Beaem Hill, 2 miles South-east of Leliefontein, 6370, 6372. Com-

mon on upper slopes of Vogelklip, 5922.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 267

4. S. tomentosa, Hiern, l. c., p. 283.

Great Namaqualand : Kopje between Dabaigabis and Griindoorn,

3172.

5. S. amplexicaulis, Hiern, l. c., p. 287.

Upper: Ravine at Loeriesfontein, 4841. Namaqualand: With

Arundo overhanging brakwater pools, Kuboos, 6086. At foot of

kopje, Kamabies, 3466. Dry river-bed, Stinkfontein, 5518.

6. S. Mazit, Hiern, I. c., p. 288.

Bushmanland: River-bed, Aggenys, 2930. In river-bed at Aus,

4701. Great Namaqualand: Sandstone at Sandverhaar, 4666.

River-courses on mountain slopes at Schakalskuppe, 4240.

Damaraland: Shallow water-courses on Namib at Welwitsch, 4153.

7. S. fruticosa, Hiern, l. c.

Namaqualand: Near Middelkraal, 5614. Sandy ravine below

Doornpoort, 6012. Sandy river-bed near Doornpoort water-hole,

6137.

8. S. trisiis, Hiern, U. c., p. 289.

Khamiesberg: Tweerivieren, 6776. Namaqualand: In sand

on low kopje opposite Bowesdorp, 5846,

9. S. altoplana, Hiern, ? l. c., p. 302.

Bushmanland : Groot, Rozynbosch, 3629.

10. S. canescens, Hiern, J. c., p. 303.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy plains North of Ganus, 4505.

ll. S. rigida, L. Bolus, n. sp., omnibus partibus glaberrimis,

ramis spinescentibus, foliis polymorphis, floribus in racemulis densis

numerosissimis dispositis.

Frutex rigidus ramosus, omnino glaberrimus, ad 2 metralis ; rami

ramulique divaricati vel juniores adscendentes, teretes spinescentes,

foliorum delapsorum pulvinis notati, ad 0°4 em. diam. ; folia fascicu-

lata, fasciculis 3-10foliatis alternis, erecta vel erecto - patentia,

sessilia vel novellis petiolata, linearia, spathulato-linearia, anguste

elliptica vel obovata, obtusa vel rarius acuta, integerrima, 0°2—0°9 em.

longa, ad 0-1 em. lata; flores in racemulos subsessiles densos, ex

fasciculis orientes, ad 2:5 cm. longos, dispositi, adscendentes, deinde

patentes, 0°6-0°8 cm. longi, bracteis linearibus, vix 0:2 cm. longis;

268 Annals of the South African Museum,

pedicelli graciles, 0°2-0°3 em. longi, bibracteolatii, bracteolis vix

O-l cm. longis; calyx 5partitus, segmentis linearibus subacutis,

0:2 cm. longus; corolla infundibuliformis, 0-6-0-7 em. longa, seg

mentis oblongo-rotundatis, marginibus undulatis, 0°2-0°3 em. longis;

stamina posteriora inclusa, staminodium paullo excedentia, anteriora

manifesta, antheris similibus ovalibus; discus obscure crenulatus;

stylus inclusus, apice minute bilobus, 0:2 cm. longus; ovarium

ovatum ; capsula ignota.

Bushmanland: Rocky places at foot of kopje near Groot Rozyn-

bosch, 3619. Great Namaqualand: Kopje about 25 km. South of

Warmbad, 4377. Between Dabaigabis and Griindoorn, 3149.

Great Karasberg: Narudas Siid, 8133. Krai Kluft Ravine, 8284.

A rigid much-branched shrub, altogether glabrous, attaining

2 met. in height; branches and branchlets divaricate or the younger

ascending, terete spinescent, marked with the remains of the fallen

leaf-tufts, up to 0-4 em. in diam. ; leaves fasciculate, the fascicles

of 3-10 leaves, alternate, erect or erect-spreading, sessile or petio-

late on the youngest shoots, linear spathulate-linear. narrow-elliptic

or obovate, obtuse or more rarely acute, entire, 0°2-0-9 cm. long,

up to 0° cm. wide ; flowers in subsessile dense racemules, springing

from the fascicles, up to 2°5 em. long, ascending, finally spreading,

06-0'8 cm. long, the bracts linear, scarcely 0-2 em. long; pedicels

slender, 0:2-0°3 em. long, bibracteolate, the bracteoles under 0-1 cm.

long; calyx 5 partite, 0-2 cm. long, the segments lnear subacute ;

corolla infundibuliform, 0°6-0'7 em. long, the segments oblong-

rotundate with undulate margins, 0°2-0°3 cm. long; _ posterior

stamens included, a little longer than the staminode, the anterior

manifest, the anthers all alike oval; disk obscurely crenulate ; style

included, minutely bilobed at the apex, 0°2 em. long; ovary ovate ;

capsule unknown.

A very distinet species, the whole plant being glabrous, the

branches spinescent, the leaves polymorphic and the numerous

dense racemules terminating the abbreviated leafy shoots.

Plate VI., C, Fig. 1, sketch of a branch; 2, leaf-tuft, enlarged ;

3, 4, 5, leaves, x 3; 6, flower, x 3; 7, corolla, laid open, x 4;

8, stamen; 9, gynaeceum; 10, transverse section of ovary—all

the latter variously enlarged.

i PAY LE@PODiUM:

1. P. capttatum, Benth., 1. c., p. 373.

Cape: Along roadside from Warm Baths to Modderfontein,

Plants Collected in the Perey Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 269

“i

Oliphant’s River Valley, 7277. Sandy slopes above Pickenier’s

Pass, 5196.

13. POLYCARENA.

1. P. pubescens, Benth., 1. c., p. 372.

Khamiesberg: At foot of Beaem Hill, 6696.

14. ZALUZIANSKYA.

1. Z. villosa, EF. W. Schmidt, Neue u. Selt. Pfl., 11.

Namaqualand: Last outspan before Garies, 6522.

2. 4. peduncularis, Walp., Repert., iii., 308, var. glabriuscula,

Benth.

Khamiesberg: In old cornfields, Witsand, 6563.

3. Z. gilioides, Schltr., in Engl. Jahrb., xxvii., p. 182.

Khamiesberg: Wet places, Naras Ravine, 6702.

Khamsoap Ravine, 6546.

Damp _ places

‘15. LIMOSELLA.

1. L. capensis, Thunb., Prodr., p. 104.

Upper: In water conduit at Karieboomfontein, 3921.

16. VERONICA.

1.'V. Anagallis, L., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, p. 12.

Upper: In water furrow, Karieboomfontein, 4991.

17. HARVEYA.

1. H. purpurea, Harv., Gen. 8. Afr. Pl. ed. 1, p. 249.

Cape: Southern aspect at summit of mountains behind Kradouw

Krantz, 5307.

2. H. squamosa, Steud., Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, i., p. 723.

Khamiesberg: West slopes 30 ft. below the summit of Sneeuw-

kop, 5760.

18. BELLARDIA.,

1. B. Trixago, All., Fl. Pedem.., i., p. 61.

Khamiesberg: Elliottsberg, 7693. River-bed on Khamiesberg

270 Annals of the South African Museum.

Plateau, 6235. By stream-bed on South side of pass between

Bowesdorp and Groot Gans, 5872.

SOLANACEAE.

By Louisa Bolus.

1. SOLANUM.

1. S. giftbergense, Dunal, DC., Prod., xin., i, 288.

Cape: Roadside in Nardouw Kloof, 5330. Karroo and Nama-

qualand: Between Grauwater and Klipplaat, 3397. Namaqualand :

between Stinkfontein and Garies, 5646. Foot of granite kopje

by roadside between Brakdam and Rietkloof, 5665.

9. §. tomentosum, Linn., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, 188.

Cape: Mountain slopes, Oliphant’s River Valley, 6868. Road-

side in Nardouw Kloof, 5338.

3. S. capense, Linn., Syst., ed. 10, 935. Forma luxurians.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy valley 20 km. North of Raman’s

Drift, 4546. Schakalskuppe, 4238.

4. S. Rangei, U. Damm., Engl. Bot. Jahrb., 48, 244 (1913).

Karoo—Upper: Blaukrantz Pass, 4957. Namaqualand: Banks of

river-bed, Brakrivier, 3896. Bushmanland: Rock crevices at Groot

Rozynbosch, 3836. About 8 miles South or South-west of Bitter-

fontein, 3422. Upper Namaqualand and Karoo ° Alewyn’s Fontein,

3439. Great Namaqualand: Kopjes near last outspan before

Griindoorn, 4361. Akam River-bed, 4732. Near Dabaigabis, 4410.

Gawachab, in low bush near high-water mark on bank of Léwen’s

River, 4085, 4090. Locality uncertain, 7781.

9. DATURA.

1. D. Metel, Linn., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, 179.

Upper and Namaqualand : Cornfield weed, near Brakrivier, 4882.

9. D. Stramonium, Linn., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, 179.

Khamiesberg: River-bed 6 miles North of Garies, 6388.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 271

3. LYCIUM.

1. L. austrinum, Miers, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., xiv., 13 (1854).

Upper and Namaqualand: In Tamarisk thicket in bed of Hantam’s

River, near Brakrivier Farm, 4881.

9. L. tetrandrum, Thunb., Prodr., 37.

Upper: Probably near Loeriesfontein, 5027.

3. L. namaquense, U. Damm., l. ¢., 234.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy places South of Warmbad, 4042. In

loose bush, near high-water mark, Lowen’s River, Gawachab, 4079.

4. I. sp., probably L. Rangei, U. Damm., /. c., 230.

Namaqualand: Common in dry river-bed North of Alewyn’s

Fontein, 3938.

). L. Afrum, Linn., Sp. Pl., ed. 1, 191.

Khamiesberg: Sand flats between Driefontein and Heeren

Logement, 6756.

OEE asp:

Khamiesberg: Varsche Rivier, on dry stony hills, 6497.

ioe sp:

Namaqualand: Between Holle Rivier and the Doorn River-bed,

3962. Great Namaqualand: Schakalskuppe, 4267, 4258. Near

water-holes at Dabaigabis, 4316. Sand near river-bed North of

Ganus, 4511.

6: Leesp:

Karoo: Dry steam-bed at ‘‘ The Bosch,” near Schurkraal, 3081.

9. L. roseum, n. sp., L. tenui,, Willd., affine, sed habitu robustiore,

foliis latioribus glandulosis, calyce longiore, segmentis acutis,

staminibus minus exsertis differt.

Suffrutex multo ramosus, ad 1:2 met. altus; rami ramulique

spinescentes, ultimi 0°5-3 em. longi, ad 0-15 cm. diam., cortice

pruinoso griseo, demum laeyi nitenteque, more pruni colorato ;

fasciculi 5—Tfoliati, foliis spathulatis vel spathulato-obovatis, in

petiolum ad 0:15 cm. longum gradatim attenuatis, obtusis vel

rarius subacutis, utrinque glandulis pellucidis conspersis, 0-7-1 cm.

longis, 0:15-0°3 em. latis; flores solitarii pedicellati, pedicellis

272, Annals of the South African Museum.

glanduloso-puberulis, 0-2—0°4 cm. longis; calyx campanulatus, extus

glandulis pellucidis conspersus, 0°5-0°6 cm. longus, segmentis

patentibus, demum recurvis, subinaequalibus, lanceolato-linearibus

acutis, minutissime glanduloso-ciliatis, 0-4-0°5 em. longis; corolla

rosea, tubo infundibuliformi glabro, 0°6 cm. longo, basi 0:2 cm.

diam., lobis patentibus suboblongis, apice rotundatis, 0-4 cm, longis,

0-3 cm. latis; filamenta inaequalia, corollae apicem attingentia vel

breviora, tubi medio adnata, basin versus pilosa; bacca immatura

ovata subacuta.

Upper: Ravine at Loeriesfontein, 4836.

Much-branched suffrutex, up to 1:2 met. high; branches and

branchlets spinescent, the ultimate ones 0-5-3 em. long, the bark

at first pruinose grey, finally smooth and shining, prune-coloured ;

leaves 5-7 in the fascicle, spathulate or spathulate-obovate, gradu-

ally narrowed into the 0:15 petiole, obtuse or more rarely subacute,

sprinkled on each side with pellucid glands, 0-7-1 cm. long, 0°15-0°3

cm. wide; flowers solitary pedicellate, the pedicels glandular-

puberulous, 0°2-0-4 cm. long ; calyx. campanulate, sprinkled on

the outer surface with pellucid glands, 0°5-0°6 cm. long, the

segments spreading, finally recurved, somewhat unequal, lanceolate-

linear acute, very minutely glandular-ciliate, 0'4—0°5 em. long; corolla

pink, the tube infundibuliform glabrous, 0-6 cm. long, 0-2 cm. diam.

at the base, the segments spreading suboblong, rounded at the

apex, 0-4 cm. long, 0°3 em. wide; filaments unequal, the longest

one reaching to the tip of the corolla, the rest shorter, adnate to

about the middle of the corolla-tube, pilose towards the base; im-

mature berry ovate subacute.

Allied to L. tenwe, but differs by being more robust in habit, with

broader glandular leaves, longer calyx with acute segments, and

less exserted stamens.

Plate VIII., C, Fig. 1, sketch of a branchlet, nat. size; 2, calyx,

the segments straightened ; 3, ditto, laid open; 4, corolla, laid open,

x 2; 5, gynaeceum, x 3.

Hrratum.

Vol. IX., p. 40, line 26. Instead of “2. M. rigida,” read

“MURALTIA. M. rigida.”

Ann. S. Afr. Mus. Vol. IX. Plate VI.

M. W. Glover del e sicco. West, Newman proc.

A. Nenax Drecet, L. Bolus. B. AnvicHaris suncEA. L. Bolus. C. Sutera ricipa. L. Bolus.

Ann. S. Afr. Mus. Vol. IX. Plate VII.

>»

— SERET x

A. C. Dawson del e sicco. West, Newman proc.

A. Lotononts exstipuLaTa, L. Bolus. B. Croranarta Prarsonu, Baker f. C. Inpigorera Liwosa, L. Bolus.

Ann. 8. Afr. Mus. Vol. IX. Plate VIII.

West, Newman proc.

M. W. Glover del e sicco.

A. SporoBoLus SLADENIANUS, F’. Bolus. B. AGATHOSMA SLADENIANA, FR, Glover. C. Lycium rosrum, L. Bolus.

12.—A Contribution to the Knowledge of the South African Proteaceae.

No. II.—By E. P. Puiuuirs, M.A., F.L.S.

Leucadendron Muirii, Phillips (Proteaceae-Proteeae).

Frutex, 3-13 m. altus. Ramuli pubescentes vel glabri. Folia

crassa, carnosa, 1-3 cm. longa, ‘6-1°2 cm. lata, spathulata, apice

aliquando obtusa aliquando retusa, basi angustata, glabra. nflores-

centia g solitaria vel 4-nata, terminalia, pedunculata, 2-3°5 em.

longa, cirea 1 em. lata, ellipsoidea. Pedunculus 1:3-1'7 em. longus,

pubescens, bracteis ovatis acuminatis ciliatis circa 3 mm. longis

tectus. Bracteae 1-6 mm. longae, 1-5 mm. latae, ovatae, acuminatae,

apice obtusae, sparse villosae, ciliatae. Twhus perianthi 1 mm.

longus, villosus; lobi 1:5 mm. longi, lineares, villosi; limbus 1-5 mm.

longus, ellipticus, apice obtusus, pubescens. dAntherae 1 mm.

longae, oblongae. Stylus 3 mm. longus, glaber; stigma clavatum.

Squamae hypogynae 15 mm. longae, lineares. IJnflorescentia

solitaria, terminalia, pedunculata, 3°5 cm. longa, 1:2-1°5 cm. lata,

ellipsoidea, obtusa. Pedunculus 1:3-1'5 em. longus, bracteatus.

Bracteae floris crassae, 4 mm. longae, 6 mm. latae, acuminatae,

apice obtusae. Segmenta perianthic 4 mm. longa, linearia, apice

obtusa, basi paullo angustata, villosa. Ovariwm 2°56 mm. longum,

2°5 mm. latum, compressum, semiorbiculatum, alatum, glabrum ;

stylus 3 mm. longus, glaber; stigma obliquum. fructus 5 mm,

longus, 5 mm. latus, planus, alatus.

Caregk Province: Riversdale Division, Melkhoutfontein, on the

Kafir Kuils River, near Still Bay and = surrounding farms.

January 7th, 1914. Dr. J. Muir, 1234, 1235, and in Herb. Musei

Austro-Afrie. 5111, 6724.

A bush 3-13 m. high. Young branchlets glabrous or pubescent ;

older branches glabrous, smooth or peeling in membranous

scales. Leaves similar in both sexes, thick, somewhat fleshy,

1-3 em. long, -6-1:2 ecm. broad above, spathulate, obtuse or

sometimes faintly retuse at the apex, narrowed at the base,

glabrous. Male inflorescence solitary or 4-nate, terminal, peduncled,

2-35 em. long, about 1 cm. in diameter, ellipsoid. Peduncle

1:3-1-7 em. long, pubescent, bearing scattered ovate acuminate

274 Annals of the South African Museum.

ciliated bracts about 3 mm. long. Floral-bracts 1:6 mm. long,

15 mm. broad, ovate, acuminate, obtuse, sparsely villous, ciliate.

Perianth-tube 1 mm. long, villous; lobes 1°5 mm. long, linear,

villous; limb 1:5 mm. long, elliptic, obtuse, pubescent. <Anthers

1 mm. long, oblong. Style 3 mm. long, glabrous; stigma clavate.

Hypogynous scales 1°56 mm. long, linear. Female inflorescence

solitary, terminal, peduncled, 3-5 cm. long, 1:2-1:5 em. in diameter,

ellipsoid, obtuse. Peduncle 1:3-1:5 em. long, bearing numerous

obovate or transversely-oblong glabrous ciliated bracts produced into

a linear or lanceolate-linear ciliated appendage 4 mm. long. Floral

bracts thick, 4 mm. long, 6 mm. broad, transversely oblong, pro-

duced into a very short obtuse ciliated acumen, otherwise glabrous.

Perianth-segments adhering in the middle third of their length, 4 mm.

long, linear, obtuse, slightly narrowed at the base, villous. Ovary

2.5 mm. long, 2°56 mm. broad, flattened, semiorbicular, slightly

emarginate at the apex, with a membranous wing above, glabrous ;

style 3 mm. long, linear, glabrous; stigma oblique. Mature cones

3-45 cm. long, 3 cm. in diameter, ellipsoid ; cone scales woody,

1-1 cm. long, 1°3 em. broad, obovate, grey on the upturned portion.

Fruits 5 mm. long, 5 mm. broad, flattened, orbicular, grey with

black markings, with a marginal wing, broadest above. Dr. Muir

reports: ‘The leaves are almost fleshy and are shining something

like those of Zygophyllum Morgsana with which it grows.”’

This species in appearance resembles Z. coriacewm, Phill. &

Hutch., from which it is at once distinguished by the different

female bracts and the stalked male inflorescences. It is a totally

different plant from the other three species of Leucadendron which

have peduncled male heads.

The species is named in honour of Dr. J. Muir of Albertinia,

Riversdale Diy., who has been untiring in his efforts at working

the Riversdale flora.

Spatallopsis Begley, Phillips, sp. nov. (Proteaceae-Proteeae), a

omnibus speciebus in generecapitulis uni-floribus differt.

Suffrutex. Lani paullo pilosi. Folia acicularia, 1:5-3°5 em,

longa, apice acuta, mucronata, pilosa demum glabra. Capitula in

spicas 2°56 cm. longas circa 2 cm. latas disposita. Bracteae ‘9-1 cm.

longae, lineares, acuminatae, apice acutae, concavae, paullo p:lozae,

ciliatae. Capitulwm subsessile, uniflorum; pedunculus circa 1 mm.

longus, pilosus; bracteae involucri 4, bilabiatae, 5-8 mim. longae,

acuminatae, apice acutae, ciliatae. Tubus perianthi 3°5 mm. longus,

Contribution to the Knowledge of South African Proteaceae. 275

infra glaber; segmenta 2°25 mm. longa, linearia, villosa; limbus

1:75 mm. longus, ellipticus, apice obtusus, villosus. <Antherae

‘75 mm. longae, ellipticae. Squamae hypogynae 1 mm. longae,

lineares. Fructus 4 mm. longus, 3 mm. latus, subglobosus, villosus ;

stylus 7°5 mm. longus, teres, supra angustatus; stigma *5 mm.

longum, conicum.

Care Province: Stellenbosch Division. Hottentots Holland

Mountains, south of Sneeuw Kop, 4,500 ft., January, 1915. H. W.

Begley in Herb. Musei Austro-Afric. 7649.

A small bush about 6 m. high? Branches arising in whorls of

5-7, scantily pilose; bark light reddish-brown. Leaves acicular,

1-5-3°5 em. long, terete, acutely mucronate, finely pilose, the older

leaves almost glabrous. Inflorescence a one-flowered capitulum ;

the capitula massed into a terminal solitary sessile spike 2°5 cm.

long and about 2 cm. broad, surrounded by the upper leaves.

Bracts subtending the capitulum “9-1 cm. long, linear, acuminate,

acute, concave above, convex beneath, scantily pilose, ciliated.

Capitulum subsessile, one-flowered; peduncle about 1 mm. long,

pilose ; involucre of 4 bracts, bilabiate; the upper lip entire, 8 mm.

long, otherwise similar to the bract ; lower lip tri-partite to about

the middle, curved, deeply concave in the lower half; lobes 5 mm.

long, otherwise similar to the bract. Perianth-twbe 3-5 mm. long,

glabrous below; segments 5 mm. long, with a linear villous

claw and an elliptic obtuse villous limb, the latter 1°75 mm. long.

Anthers ‘75 mm. long, elliptic. Hypogynous scales 1 mm. long,

linear. /rwt 4 mm. long, 3 mm. broad, subglobose, shortly villous ;

style 75 mm. long, terete, slender, gradually narrowing upwards,

breaking away near the base and leaving a short beak on the fruit ;

stigma ‘d mm. long, conical.

This handsome shrub has very much the general appearance of a

Serruria. It is totally distinct from any other species in the genus

by having one-flowered capitula, which are massed into a contracted

spike and surrounded by the upper leaves.

I have named the plant in honour of Mr. H. W. Begley of

Somerset West, a Member of the Mountain Club of South Africa

and a keen naturalist, who discovered the species.

Nivenia Marlothii, Phillips, sp. nov. (Proteaceae-Proteeae), a N.

Dregeo, Buek., foliis latioribus differt.

Rami winute pubescentes. Lolia 2-3 cm. longa, 3-5-9 mm. lata,

lanceolato-elliptica, apice obtusa, basi angustata, glabra vel junioria

276 Annals of the South African Musewn.

pubescentia. Spicae 3-natae, terminales, breve pedunculatae.

Pedunculus pubescens, bracteatus. Capitula 4-flora. Bracteae

6 mm. longae, ovatae, acuminatae, apice obtusae, tomentosae,

ciliatae. Bracteae involucri aequales, 6 mm. longae, oblongae,

apice obtusae, concavae, pubescentes, ciliatae. Segmenta perianthia,

1:3 cm. longa, villosa; limbus 2°56 mm. longus, ellipticus, apice

obtusus barbatusque. Stamina 2°5 mm. longa, lineari-oblonga.

Squamae hypogynae 15 mm. longas, lineares. Ovarium 2 mm.

longum, pilis longis vestitum; stylus 1:1 cm. longus, cylindratus,

glaber ; stigma 2 mm. longum, ellipsoideum vel subclavatum.

CaPpgE Province: Prince Albert Division, 4,000 ft., Warloth, 2478.

Branches minutely pubescent. Leaves 2-3 cm. long, 3-6-9 mm.

broad, lanceolate-elliptic, obtuse, narrowed at the base into a short

petiole, glabrous or the young leaves pubescent with crisped hairs.

Spikes 3-nate at the end of the branches, shortly peduncled, bearing

about 9-12 capitula. Peduncle pubescent, bearing more or less

linear bracts 8 mm. long. Capitulum 4-flowered. Bracts sub-

tending the capitulum 6 mm. long, ovate, acuminate, obtuse,

tomentose, ciliate. Jnvolucral-bracts equal, 6 mm. long, 3 mm.

broad, oblong, obtuse, concave, pubescent, ciliate, becoming rigidly

coriaceous in the fruiting stage. Perianth 1:3 cm. long, villous ;

limb 2-5 mm. long, elliptic, obtuse and bearded. Stamens 2°65 mm.

long, linear-oblong. Hypogynous scales 15 mm. long, cylindric,

glabrous; stigma 2 mm. long, narrowly ellipsoid or sub-clavate.

Fruit not seen.

This species is allied to N. Dregei, Buek., but differs in the

structure of the ‘spike’ and in having broader leaves.

The type specimen is in the Herbarium of Dr. Marloth, in whose

honour the species is named.

(277 )

13.—A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae). By J. Hurcuin-

son, Assistant, Kew Herbarium, and EK. P. Putiiures, Assistant,

S. Afric. Mus.

Firry years have now elapsed since the publication of the third

volume of the ‘ Flora Capensis,’ which was devoted mainly to Harvey’s

account of the South African Compositae. The material upon which

the work was based was mainly the collections of the earlier travellers,

such as Thunberg, Masson, Niven, Ecklou, Zeyher, Drége, and a few

others. The huge collection made by Burchell was, however, not at

that time available for general study, but a few of his specimens,

mostly in the De Candolle herbarium, are quoted. It was only in the

families elaborated in the later volumes of the work (vol. 4 onwards)

that his plants were fully worked out. Since the appearance of the

third volume our knowledge of the Cape Compositae, as of the rest of

the flora, has greatly increased, not so much perhaps in the discovery

of large numbers of novelties, as in the case of Tropical Africa,* but

rather in the distribution and habitat of the described species. For

these acquisitions to our knowledge we are indebted to those ardent

collectors of South African plants among whom may be mentioned

especially MacOwan, Bolus, Wood, Galpin, Schlechter, with many

others, and more recently the collectors on the Percy Sladen Memorial

Expeditions under the direction of Prof. H. H. W. Pearson.

According to the late Dr. Bolus,f the Compositae of South Africa

constitute on an average something like 17 per cent. of the entire

phanerogamic flora, and in one region, his Upper Region, as much as

28°4 per cent. The importance to South African botany of bringing

our knowledge of this family as much up to date as possible will,

therefore, be obvious.

Failing a complete revision of the first three volumes, in itself a huge

task, it appears advisable where necessary to revise periodically the

larger and more cumbersome genera, giving keys for the determination

of the species, with full descriptions and a detailed account of their

distribution. With this object in view a commencement has been

* Stapf in Kew Bull. 1906, pp. 239, 244).

+ Bolus, ‘Sketch of the Floral Regions of South Africa’ (1905).

278 Annals of the South African Museum.

made with the endemic genus Pteronia, a member of the tribe

Asteroideae.

Mr. Phillips has examined and described the specimens of this genus

in the various South African herbaria; but, as was natural, he found

it impossible to complete the work without reference to types in the

older collections preserved in Europe, especially the Thunbergian

herbarium in Upsala, and the rich material at Kew, Dublin, and the

Natural History Museum, South Kensington. Fully appreciating

this difficulty, I gladly undertook the completion of the revision of this

interesting genus. The specimens worked out by Mr. Phillips were,

therefore, forwarded to Kew with the kind permission of Dr. L.

Péringuey, Director of the South African Museum, to whom we tender

our best thanks. To Dr. Juel, of Upsala, we are very greatly indebted

for the loan of Thunberg’s type specimens, as also to Prof. Dixon

for kindly forwarding the Dublin material; to Sir David Prain and

Dr. Rendle for facilities in the study of the Kew and Natural History

Museum specimens respectively, and to Dr. Stapf for friendly criticism

and suggestions.

The genus Pteronia was founded by Linnaeus* in 1760 on a figure

published by Plukenett in 1700. Plukenet’s drawing is an excellent

representation of P. camphorata, L., which species stands as the type

of the genus, and which was first described in Linnaeus’ second edition

of the Species Plantarum of 1763.

In 1781 Linnaeus fil published a list of 15 species accompanied by

very brief descriptions, mostly of plants collected by Thunberg.

In 1800 Thunberg § gave a list of 24 species collected by him on his

Cape journeys, and in the same year Willdenow || published descrip-

tions of 27 species ; three of the latter are now referred to other genera.

The Schultz edition of Thunberg’s Flora Capensis, which appeared

in 1823, contains full descriptions of 25 species.

Little if any attempt at classification of the species is evident

in any of the above works, so they may be passed over without further

comment.

In 1886 De Candolle ¥ arranged the 63 species recognised by him

into three sections as follows :

* Amoen. Acad. v. No. 48.

+ Plukenet, Mant. 56, t. 345, fig. 56: 2.

; Suppl. Plant. pp. 355-358.

§ Prodr. Fl. Cap. ii. pp. 148-4.

|| Species Plant. iii. pp. 1176-1182.

q DC. Prodr. v. 356-365.

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae). 279

I. Scrprnra.—Heads many- or few-flowered. Receptacle alveolate,

shortly fimbrilliferous. Achenes terete or subcompressed,

villous, narrowed slightly intoa neck. Leaves alternate or

opposite.—27 species.

II. Pacuyperis.—Heads many-flowered. Receptacle alveolate.

Achenes compressed (outer sometimes trigonous), shortly

beaked at the apex, conspicuously attenuated into a thick

glabrous neck below the pappus. Leaves opposite, rarely

alternate.—25 species.

III. PreropHorvus.—Heads many-flowered. Receptacle fimbrilli-

ferous. Achenes erostrate, flat or compressed. Pappus sub-

1-seriate, setae joined at the base into a ring. Leaves sparse,

linear, entire. Heads solitary, terminal; branches leafy

almost to the apex.—3 species.

Eight species are unclassified as being imperfectly known, although

nearly all were collected and described by Thunberg.

De Candolle’s arrangement was closely followed by Harvey in

Harvey & Sonder, Fl. Capensis vol. ii, published in 1864, so the work

of these two authors may be considered jointly. Harvey reduced the

number of species to 52, placed the “imperfectly known” ones into

the above sections according to thei characters, and added an

“artificial key to the species.”

It will be observed that there is scarcely any clear dividing line

between De Candolle’s first two sections, the presence or absence of a

distinct neck to the achene furnishing the most definite character.

Section Pterophorus, containing only three species (reduced by Harvey

to one), is distinguished by the absence of the beak and in a supposed

difference in the pappus, a character which appears to us to be of

trifling value. We therefore propose an entirely different classifica-

tion, based principally on the nature of the indumentum of the leaves

or its absence, as affording an easily ascertainable and highly constant

character. On this feature alone they may be grouped into four

sections as follows :

I. Incanar.—Nine species, in which the leaves are clothed by a

woolly whitish indumentum.

II. Parriuatar.—EHight species with the leaves densely papillous

or scabrid all over the surfaces.

JIT. Crnrarar.—Sixteen species with conspicuously ciliate but

mostly otherwise glabrous leaves.

EVE GLABRATAE.—'wenty-eight species, in which the leaves are

entirely glabrous and fleshy.

The Incanae are further characterised by the constantly opposite

280 Annals of the South African Museum.

leaves, solitary flower-heads and villous achenes. They are distributed,

with a few exceptions, in the Western and Karroo Regions. The most

widely-spread species of this group is P. incana, L., which occurs from

Little Namaqualand through the Karroo eastward to Albany. The

remainder of the species appear to be extremely local in distribution.

The Papillatae have also constantly opposite leaves, with the excep-

tion of P. scabra, Harv., mostly solitary heads, and villous or pubes-

cent and glandular achenes, which in a few species are contracted into

a beak at the apex. Two species, P. lucilioides and P. undulata, grow

only in the Western Region and in the extreme south-west of the

Kalahari Region. The remainder are mostly confined to the South-

Western Coast Region, from Worcester and Somerset eastward to

Uitenhage.

The Ciliatae, with the exception of two species, have opposite leaves

connate at the base. The heads are solitary, except in P. tricephala,

in which they are sometimes ternate, and the achenes are either villous

or glandular or glabrous except for a tuft of hairs from the base.

They are distributed mainly in the Karroo and the Upper Region,

with one species, P. onobromoides, in the extreme north-west of the

South-Western Coast Region and the south of the Western Coast

Region, one, P. tricephala, extending into the Kalahari Region, and

one, P. elongata, Thunb., confined to the South-Western Region. The

distribution of this group is therefore in the Karroo and Upper

Regions, but principally Karroo.

In the Glabratae, the largest group, the leaves are alternate in eight

species, the heads are corymbose or solitary, the achenes are without

exception villous or pilose, and the hairs are frequently accompanied

by sessile glands. The species are most abundant in the Western

Coast and the South-Western Coast Regions, but very rare in the

Karroo and almost absent from the Upper Region.

To sum up the distribution of each section, therefore, the Incanae

are Western and Karroo, the Papillatae are chiefly South-Western, the

majority of the Ciliatae favour the Karroo and the Upper Region, and

the Glabratae are almost confined to the Western and South-Western

Regions. The genus is not represented in the South-Eastern Region.

The majority of the species are very distinct and little liable to

confusion. Very many are quite local in their distribution. A few

possess some striking characteristic which distinguishes them at once

from the rest of the genus. Species deserving special mention are

P. heterocarpa, DC., which is remarkable in being procumbent and

rooting at the nodes, and much resembles a marsh plant, but as a

matter of fact it favours dry, stony hills; in P. fasciculata, L4., the

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae). 281

heads are crowded together into a compound head, each unit being

1-flowered ; and P. erythrochaeta, DC., and P. Eenii, S. Moore, are

remarkable in having a purplish pappus.

Few of the species appear to be of any economic importance.

P. onobromoides, DC., which inhabits the sandy coast flats from Port

Nolloth to St. Helena Bay, has succulent and very aromatic leaves,

which mixed with fat are used by the Namaquas and Bastards as a

perfume under the name of “ Buchu.” The cultivation of this plant

may be worthy of the attention of the authorities of the New Botanic

Garden at Kirstenbosch. According to Pillans the shoots of P. utilis,

Hutchinson (a new species), are eaten by stock. P. incana, DC., is

cultivated as an ornamental plant at La Mortola, Italy (cf. Bot. Mag.

t. 8380), where it was first grown in 1872 from seeds communicated

by Prof. MacOwan.—J. H.

PTERONIA, Linn. Gen. n. 937.

Flower-heads homogamous, discoid, 1—many-flowered; flowers

hermaphrodite, equal. Involucre campanulate, ovoid or cylindric,

with numerous bracts in several series, often chaffy with membranous

glabrous or ciliate margins, sometimes spine-tipped gradually in-

creasing in length upwards. Receptacle convex, flat or concave,

often deeply honeycombed, the pits with marginal setae or lacerate.

Corolla tubular, regular, with a turbinate or subcampanulate 5-lobed

limb. Anthers obtuse or rarely acute at the base. Style branches

flattened, with short or rather long appendages. Achenes turbinate or

more or less compressed and then often glabrous, frequently villous,

often contracted into a neck at the apex. Setae of the pappus nume-

rous or rarely somewhat Il-seriate, often connate at the base into a

ring, very unequal, more or less barbellate or subpilose, mostly straw-

coloured, rarely purple.

Shrubs, much branched, sometimes only a few inches high, rarely

with decumbent branches rooting at the nodes, often viscid. Leaves

alternate or mostly opposite, entire or ciliate-serrulate, coriaceous or

fleshy, woolly-tomentose, papillous or glabrous, rarely warted, some-

times very small and clustered. | Flower-heads large or medium-

sized, solitary or corymbose at the end of the shoots. Corolla yellow,

rarely purplish or greenish.

Species 63, all endemic to South Africa.

282 Annals of the South African Museum.

Key to the Sections.

Leaves woolly-pubescent or tomentose with whitish hairs, always

opposite : < 4 : Sect. I. Incanae.

Leaves papillous, pape ciliate or glabrous, opposite or alternate.

Leaves densely papillous or scabrid with extremely short and

thick hairs. é : Sect. IL. Papillatae.

Leaves ciliate or setae. on the margins only, rarely setose-

pilose with longish hairs on both surfaces Sect. IIL. Ciliatae.

Leaves glabrous and fleshy, sometimes warted, rarely pubes-

cent within the sheathing hase. : Sect. IV. Glabratae.

KEY TO THE SPECIES.

Sect. I. Incanar.—Leaves woolly-pubescent or tomentose with white or silvery

hairs, always opposite. Flower-heads solitary at the ends of the shoots.

Achenes villous.

Involucral bracts acutely cuspidate-acuminate with some-

what spiny tips.

Bracts and pappus yellow . : ; 5 ; 7 liv acutc.

Bracts and pappus purple . : : , . 2. Henti.

Involucral bracts obtuse or acute, not cuspidate- vegnlsiehee,

Involucral bracts glabrous outside, with very narrowly

membranous hyaline glabrous margins . ; . 3. incana.

Involucral bracts pubescent or canous puberulous out-

side.

Pappus yellowish or straw-coloured,

Leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, 2-8 mm. broad.

Branches recurved and pendulous : : . 4. Bolusii.

Branches divaricate.

Heads 4-5-flowered 5. glauca.

Heads many-flowered : : . 6. cinerea.

Leaves ovate or oblong-ovate, 8-10 mm. He a 7

Pappus purplish or reddish-brown.

Pappus purplish : 5 : 3 : . . 8. erythrochaeta.

Pappus reddish-brown. : : : : . 9. quinqueflora.

. ovalifolia.

Sect. II. Paprinuaran.—Leaves densely papillous or scabrid all over the surface

with very short hairs, opposite or very rarely alternate. Flower-heads solitary

or rarely corymbose. Achenes villous or pubescent and glandular.

Heads solitary at the ends of the shoots.

Involucral bracts with usually very wide and almost

transparent margins.

Leaves oblong-lanceolate or slightly oblanceolate,

8-11 mm. long : : : ‘ : C . 10. inembranacea.

Leaves linear, 2-4.mm. long ; . : : . Ll. beckioides.

Involucral bracts not or only slightly narrowly mem-

branous on the margin.

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae). 283

Leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, broad at the base . 12. oppositifolia.

Leaves linear or linear-oblanceolate, narrowed to the

base.

ec very acute just before Sane leaves

5-8 mm. long : : 5 - ; . 18. Lucilioides.

Heads obtuse before expansion ; leaves 1°5-2°5 cm.

long.

Involucral bracts lanceolate, gradually acuminate 14. scabra.

Involucral bracts broadly ovate, not acuminate . 15. centauroides.

Heads corymbose at the ends of the shoots.

Leaves with strongly undulate and crinkled margins,

glandular-papillous . : 2 é . 16. undulata.

Leaves with straight margins, andnlods eee . 17. divaricata.

Sect. IIL. Criravar.—Leaves with usually conspicuously ciliate or pectinate

margins, otherwise glabrous and often viscid, rarely setose pilose on the

surfaces, mostly opposite. Heads solitary except in two or three species.

Achenes villous or glabrous.

Leaves acicular, subterete, narrow, tufted or alternate,

rarely opposite.

Involucral bracts shorter than the flowers, acute ;

flowers yellow . : . 18. camphorata.

Involucral bracts ieagee than fie Adware tailed-

acuminate ; flowers apparently green. . 19. stricta.

Leaves never acicular and rarely tufted or Blears.

Leaves alternate.

Leaves 2-4 em. long; heads 3°5 em. long; branches

glabrous . : : : é ; ¢ : . 20. onobromoides.

Leaves about 1 em. long; heads 1°5 em. long; branches

woolly . : : : : . 5 ; . 21. villosa.

Leaves opposite.

Heads 1-flowered, densely ae at the ends of

the shoots. : . 35. fasciculata.

Heads several-flowered, ane y or up os 3 fesetlied

Leaves flat, 3-10 mm. broad.

Involucral bracts broadly and tee say

saceate just below the apex.

Leaves setose-pilose on both surfaces : . 22. inflexa.

Leaves setose only on the margins . : . 23. punctata.

Involueral bracts not saccate.

Leaves setose-pilose on both surfaces ; in-

volucral bracts acute . : ¢ : . 24. utilis.

Leaves setose only on the margins ; involucral

bracts rounded at the apex.

Branches glabrous ; leaves 1-nerved, roughly

ciliate : . 25. adenocarpa.

Branches finely anal apnnely. puberulous ; ;

leaves minutely scabrid-ciliolate . . 26. Mooreiana.

284 Annals of the South African Museum.

Leaves keeled or strongly convex on the lower

surface, fairly narrow.

Heads always solitary, broadly obconic, cam-

panulate or cylindric.

Involueral bracts not mucronate or only

slightly so,

Leaves usually fair-sized, not tufted, mostly

strongly ciliate or setose on the surfaces,

Achenes densely villous all over; leaves

often hirsute all over . ; : . 27. hirsuta,

Achenes glabrous except for a tuft of hairs

at the base; leaves hairy only on the ‘

margin,

Branchlets shortly pubescent.

Involueral bracts with jagged crinkled

margins ‘ : : . 28. elongata.

Involucral bracts with entire margins 29. staehelinoides.

Branchlets quite glabrous. . . 80. viscosa.

Leaves very small and tufted, glabrous or

very minutely ciliolate on the margins . 31. glomerata.

Involuecral bracts conspicuously mucronate . 32. mucronata.

Heads usually 3 together at the ends of the

shoots, narrowly obconic, about 5 mm, in

diameter . ‘ : ; : ; ; . 88. tricephala,

Sect. IV. Guapratan.—Leaves fleshy, glabrous or rarely pubescent within the

base, never ciliate, smooth or warted, alternate or opposite. Heads corymbose

or solifary. Achenes villous.

Stems procumbent and rooting at the nodes ; leaves con-

spicuously villous within the sheathing base. . 34. heterocarpa.

Stems neither procumbent nor rooting at the nodes;

leaves very rarely pubescent within the base.

*Heads densely glomerate into a compound head, 1-

flowered. : ; : : : : ‘ . 85. fasciculata.

**Heads corymbose, 3-several arranged laxly at the end

of each shoot, 3-several-flowered.

Leaves 2em. long or less; basal sheaths 5 mm, long

or usually much less.

Leaves prominently uncinate . : . ‘ . 86. uncinata,

Leaves straight or nearly so.

Heads Lem. long or less.

Leaves alternate, free at the base. : . 87. baccharoides,

Leaves opposite and connate into a sheath at

the base.

Leaves 15-25 em. long; heads numerous in

each corymb. : ‘ : ‘ . 88. paniculata.

Leaves 3-5 mm, long; heads 1-3 in each

corymb : : : z : . 89. fastigiata,

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae).

Heads 2-2°5 em. long, cylindric

Leaves 3-7 cm. long, sheathing at the base for abet

1 cm.

**4#Heads solitary a the end of each atooe

+Leaves alternate.

Leaves smooth, not warted.

Involueral bracts with long spiny tips.

Branches white; leaves club-shaped, small ;

heads 1-1°5 em. long

Branches mostly not white; leaves Pilea:

late or obovate ; heads 2—2°5 em. long.

Bracts not membranous-winged; leaves

1-2 em. long c :

Bracts with very broad vapmibeanond wings ;

leaves about 5 mm. long

Involucral bracts rounded at the apex or at ae

acute, not spine-tipped.

Leaves flat.

Involucral bracts acuminate, hardly ciliate .

Involucral bracts acute or subobtuse, ciliate 46

Leaves terete, trigonous or keeled.

Bracts ciliate; leaves 2-7 mm. long; heads

well exserted from the leaves. . 47

Bracts glabrous; leaves 7-13 mm. long; heads

more or less enveloped by the leaves. 48.

Leaves very densely and coarsely warted . 49,

+t Leaves opposite.

Leaves very densely and coarsely warted.

Leaves 2-3°5 em. long; branchlets not spinulose ;

bracts with jagged margins ; 50.

Leaves 0°6-1 em. long; branchlets densely spinu-

lose with the persistent leaf-connections 51

Leaves 0°5-1°5 em. long; branchlets hardly

spinulose; bracts entire 52

Leaves smooth.

Leaves 3-7 cm. long, sheathing at the base for

about 1 cm. . 41,

Leaves usually short ; eave nothing or very

short.

Leaves acicular .

Leaves not acicular.

Heads widely campanulate, anid lem. broad

=: the base ; leaves flat, 1-

5-6 mm. broad

Heads turbinate at the base or conteripa

in the middle; leaves usually much

shorter than in the preceding, if long

then narrower.

2°5 cm. long,

. 40.

. 41,

. 42.

. 43.

. 44,

285

cylindracea.

flexicaulis.

leucoclada.

acuminata.

Scariosa.

5. aspalatha.

. glaucescens.

. ciliata.

trigona.

Ranget.

tenuifolia.

. spinulosa.

. succulenta.

flexicaulis.

. canvphorata,

[var. laevigata.

. glabrata.

[e,s)

Annals of the South African Museum.

Heads acutely acuminate or subacute in

bud, narrowly cylindric and widest

across the middle when open, 4-5 mm.

in diameter.

Leaves pubescent within at the base . 54. leptospermoides.

Leaves glabrous within the base. . 55. gymnocline.

Heads obtuse in bud, constricted in the

middle, about 3 cm. long; leaves

2-3 em. long. . c : : . 56. Pillansii.

Heads obtuse in the bud, obconic and

widest across the top when open, about

lem. broad or slightly more or less.

Leaves flat and oblanceolate, 2-3°5 mm.

broad : :

Leaves more or less tatete; 1 15 mm.

broad.

Leaves 1 cm. long or more; bracts

coriaceous, brownish . : . 58. pallens.

Leaves 8mm. long or much less; bracts

greenish or yellow with mem-

branous margins.

Bracts not truncate and mucronate.

Bracts green all ag the middle,

glabrous : . 59. sordida.

Bracts keeled in the upper * half

only, minutely ciliolate . 60. ambrariufolia.

Bracts truncate and mucronate . 61. unguiculata,

-J

. oblanceolala.

Section I. INCANAE.

1. P. acuta, Muschler in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. xlvi. 99.

A shrub; branchlets appressed-woolly-pubescent with white or

silvery hairs. Leaves opposite, connate at the base, linear, acute or

subobtuse, trigonous in section, 4-10 mm. long, about 1—-1:75 mm.

across the flat upper surface, thick, woolly-pubescent with silvery

hairs. Heads terminal, solitary, campanulate-obconic, 1 cm. long and

about the same in diameter, several-flowered. Involucral bracts about

6-seriate, bright greenish yellow, the outermost linear-lanceolate, about

4 mm. long, the innermost linear-oblong, 8 mm. long, all with narrowly

membranous margins, woolly-villous outside, and acutely cuspidate-

acuminate. Receptacle small. Corolla yellow, 6 mm. long ; tube

strongly ribbed for 15 mm. at the base, upper part cylindric and

slightly contracted to the base of the lobes, glabrous; lobes linear,

subacute, 2 mm. long, finely pubescent outside. Achenes obconic,

3 mm. long, densely appressed-villous. Pappus 7 mm. long, straw-

coloured.

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae). 287

Drstrre.—South West Africa: Chamis, Schultze, 433! Kuibis,

December, Pearson, 8020!

2. P. Eenii, S. Moore in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxv. 325.

Branches woolly pubescent. Leaves opposite, linear, obtuse, | Ses

em. long, about 1:25 mm. thick, densely woolly pubescent with soft

white hairs. Heads solitary, sessile, obconic, 1°3-1'5 em. long, about

8 mm. in diameter. Involucral bracts about 4-seriate, lanceolate or

linear-lanceolate, acutely spine-tipped, woolly-pubescent outside, tinged

with purple. Corolla 7 mm. long, constricted and ribbed at the base

for 2 mm., glabrous; lobes linear-lanceolate, subacute, 1:5 mm. long.

Achenes 3°5 mm. long, densely appressed-villous with white hairs.

Pappus 8 mm. long, purple. i

Distrip.— Damaraland ; without precise locality, Hen!

3. P. incana, DC. Prodr. v. 358.

A much-branched shrub; branches divaricate, pubescent when

young, at length glabrous, with dark-coloured bark. Leaves opposite,

linear or spathulate-linear, obtuse, narrowed to and connate at the

base, 0°5-1'5 em. long, 1-2 mm. broad, coriaceous, canous-tomentose.

Heads solitary, sessile, about 10-flowered, turbinate, about 1:5 cm.

long and nearly 1 em. in diameter across the top. I nvolucral bracts

5-6-seriate, the outermost ovate, about 2 mm. long, the innermost

oblong-linear, about 8 mm. long, all obtuse, glabrous, with narrowly

membranous hyaline margins. Receptacle fimbriate. Corolla 1:3-

1:5 em. long; tube cylindric in the lower part, slightly expanded in

the upper, glabrous ; lobes linear-lanceolate, acute, 3°5—4 mm. long,

elabrous. Anthers 4 mm. long, subacute. Achenes compressed,

obovate, 5 mm. long, appressed-villous in the lower part, glandular.

Pappus nearly white or yellowish white, about 1 cm. long.—Harv. in

Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. iii. 358; Hutchinson in Bot. Mag. t. 8380.

P. rigida, Berg. Pl. Cap. 231 ?. P. xantholepis, DC. Prodr. v. 358.

Distr.—From Little Namaqualand through the Karroo to Albany :

Little Namaqualand ; near Ookiep, October, Morris in Herb. Bolus,

5670! Kaus Mountain near Goedemanskraal, Rustbank and Kook-

fontein, Drege a! near Klippfontein, August, Bolus, 421! Khamies-

berg, hills at Namaroup, September, Pearson, 6630! without precise

locality, Scully, 131! Calvinia; Oorlogs Kloof, Onder Bokkeveld,

August, Schlechter, 10938! without precise locality, Johannsen !

Ceres ; between Little Doorn River and Great Doorn River, Burchell,

1212! Tulbagh ; Tulbagh Road, September, Schlechter, 8999 ! Steendal,

288 Annals of the South African Museum.

Pappe! without precise locality, Zeyher, 144! Sutherland; Klein

Roggeveld, Burchell, 1296! Laingsburg: Seven Weeks Poort on

Great Zwartbergen, Phillips, 1389! Worcester; Hex River Valley,

October, Tyson, 689! Bolus, 8014! Caledon, Mund, 33! Swellen-

dam; Ecklon & Zeyher, 89, 9! Zeyher! Breede River, Pappe!

Riversdale ; near Heidelberg, October, Galpin, 4114! Mossel Bay ;

Attaquas Kloof, Gill! near Oudtshoorn, Bolus, 11952! Port Elizabeth,

Mrs. Paterson, 161! Uitenhage; Zwartkops River, September, Zeyher,

256! 2505! 2507! 2771! Despatch, near Uitenhage, I. L. Drége, 274!

6 miles west of Uitenhage, Bolus, 1628! Albany; Hounslow

Farm, near Grahamstown, August, September, Galpin, 159! near

Grahamstown, October, Daly & Sloe, 302! MacOwan, 3250! in

the Karroo near Bothasberg, MacOwan, 814! near Albany, Bowker!

Williamson! Jansenville; near Loot’s Kloof, Leonard, 814! Mur-

raysburg, September, T'yson, 204! Peddie; Lime Drift, Sim, 2559!

South Africa; without precise locality, Thunberg! Niven! Mund &

Maire! Grey! Verreaux!

4. P. Bolusii. Phillips, n. sp.

Frutex. Rami cano-pubescentes. Folia opposita, basi contigua

non connata, lineari-lanceolata, apice subobtusa, subtus carinata,

0°5-lem. longa, 2-3 mm. lata, crassa coriaceaq ue, utrinque molliter cano-

tomentella. Capitula 5-flora, solitaria, terminalia, cylindrica, 15 cm.

longa, cirea 5 mm. lata. Bracteae involucri 4—5-seriatae, imbricatae ;

extimae late ovato-triangularae, apice subacutae, 3-4 mm. longae;

intimae ovato-lanceolata, circa 8 mm. longae, 5 mm. latae, paullo

canescentes, breviter ciliatae. Receptaculum parvum, fimbriatun.

Corolla 1 em. longa, apicem versus sensim ampliata, costata, glabra ;

lobi lanceolati, 3 mm. longi. Achenia 5 mm. longa, infra sericeo-

villosa. Pappus circiter 9 mm. longus, brunneo-fuscus.

A stragely shrub; branches sparingly canous-pubescent, with

longitudinally splitting bark. Leaves opposite, contiguous but not

connate at the base, linear-lanceolate, subobtuse, keeled, 0°5—-1 cm.

long, 2-3 mm. broad, thick and coriaceous, softly and shortly canous-

tomentellous on both surfaces. Heads 5-flowered, solitary, terminating

short leafy branchlets, cylindric, 15 em. long, about 5 mm. in

diameter across the middle. Involucral bracts 4—5-seriate, closely

imbricate, the outermost broadly ovate-triangular, subacute, 3—4 mm.

long, the innermost ovate-lanceolate, about 8 mm. long and 5 mm.

broad, all with a distinct midrib and a broad band of short canous

indumentum up the middle, the outer and intermediate ones shortly

ciliate. Receptacle small, fimbriate. Corolla 1 cm. long, gradually

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae). 289

widened upwards, slightly ribbed, glabrous ; lobes lanceolate, 3 mm.

long. Anthers not exserted beyond the tips of the lobes. Achenes

5 mm. long, appressed silky-villous in the lower part. Pappus about

9 mm. long, brownish yellow.

Distrin.—Graaff Reinet; near Graaff Reinet, October, Bolus, 745 !

5. P. glauca, Thunb. Prodr. 144,

A small bush 1-2 ft. high, usually trichotomously branched above ;

branches canous-pubescent ; bark at first smooth, at length splitting.

Leaves opposite, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, obtuse or subacute,

4-10 mm. long, 2-25 mm. broad, canous-tomentose. Heads

4-flowered, terminal, solitary, turbinate, 1:2—-1'5 cm. long, about 8 mm.

in diameter across the top. Involucral bracts 5—6-seriate, the outer-

most ovate-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 3 mm. long, the innermost

oblong-lanceolate, all subacute, with membranous margins, a distinct

midrib and a band of canous hairs up the middle. Receptacle fimbri-

ate. Corolla 1 cm. long; tube ribbed below, widened above; lobes

1-5 mm. long, triangular-ovate, obtuse. Achenes 3 mm. long, obovate,

much contracted at the top, villous from the lower half. Pappus

straw-coloured, 1 cm. long.—Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 632; DC.

Prodr. v. 36. Harv. in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. 11.107. P. glabrata,

DC. Prodr. v. 362, not of Linn. f. P. Candollei, Harv. in Harv. &

Sond. Fl. Cap. ii, 105. P. latisquama, DC. Prodr. v. 363; Drége,

Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docum. 65, 69. P. thymifolia, Muschler in

Engl. Bot. Jahrb. xlvi. 100.

Distris.—Great Namaqualand to Vanrhynsdorp and through the

Upper Region to Middleburg :

Great Namaqualand; Farm Hoffnung, 5000 ft., August, Dinter,

967! Vanrhynsdorp; Bushman’s Karroo, 3000-4000 ft., November,

Drége a! Calvinia; between Calvinia and Holle River, December,

Pearson, 3967! Kopjes between Klipplaat and Bitterfontein, Pearson,

3070! Fraserburg ; between Karree River and Klein Quaggas Fontein,

Burchell, 1410! Willowmore ; Aasvogel Berg, 2000 ft., August, Drége

b! Carnarvon; Karel Kriegers grave, Burchell, 1589! Hanover ; near

Naauwpoort, Deenon, 17! Sutherland; near Wilgenboschfontein,

Roggeveldt, Worsdell! Murraysburg; near the town, September,

Tyson, 204! Banks in Herb. Bolus! Middleburg; Conway Farm,

3600 ft., August, Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 5528 !

6. P. cinerea, Linn. f. Suppl. 356.

A small shrub often growing amongst rocks; branches softly

canous-pubescent when young, at length glabrous. Leaves opposite,

‘290 Annals of the South African Museum.

slightly connate at the base, spathulate-hnear, obtuse, 4-10 mm. long

9-2-5 mm. broad, coriaceous, canous-pubescent or tomentose. Heads

terminal, solitary, turbinate-campanulate, 2-2°3 em. long, about 1 em.

across the top. Involucral bracts about 8-seriate, the outermost

triangular-ovate, about 5 mm. long, the innermost oblong-lanceo-

late, about 1:3 em. long, all chaffy-membranous, with a distinet

midrib and woolly-pubescent more or less all over the upper half

outside, margins membranous and jagged. Receptacle pitted.

Corolla 1-1 em. long; tube ribbed in the lower part, glabrous; lobes

lanceolate, 1°5 mm. long. Achenes 4-5 mm. long, densely appressed-

silky-villous. Pappus straw-coloured, 1 em. long.—Thunb. Fl. Cap.,

ed. Schult. 632; DC. Prodr. v, 358; Harv. in Harv. & Sond.

Fl. Cap. ii. 100. P. canescens, DC. Prodr. v. 358; Drege, Zwei

Pflanzengeogr. Docum. 70.

Disrris.—Little Namaqualand ; Riet Kloof, near Bowesdorp, Sep-

tember, Schlechter, 11194! Clanwilliam ; near Wupperthal, 1900 ft.,

‘October, Bolus, 9014! near Pakhuis, October, Leipoldt! Krakadouw,

Leipoldt, 502! Calvinia ; Uien Vallei, Bokkveld Mts., 2000-2500 ft.,

December, Drége b! South Africa; without precise locality, T'hun-

berg !

7. P. ovalifolia, DC. Prodr. v, 361.

A slender shrub; branchlets opposite, scantily woolly-pubescent.,

becoming glabrous with age. Leaves opposite, often with buds in

their axils, free from each other and broad at the base, ovate

or oblong-ovate, obtuse, white woolly-tomentose. Heads 13-18-

flowered, sessile, solitary, narrowly campanulate, 2-3 em. long, 18-2

em. in diameter. Receptacle flat, honeycombed, not fimbriated.

Involucral bracts 5—6-seriate, closely imbricate, ovate, obtuse, woolly-

tomentose in the upper part outside, with narrowly membranous and

slightly fimbriated margins. Corolla 1:8 em. long, tubular, gradually

widened above; lobes 4 mm. long, lancolate-linear, subobtuse.

Stamens inserted about half way down the tube; filaments 3°5 mm.

long, filiform ; anthers 5°5 mm. long, linear, lanceolate and acute at

the apex. Style 1-7 cm. long, terete; style-branches 4°5 mm. long,

papillose above. Achenes 3°5 mm. long, oblong, villous. Pappus

about 1:5 em. long, straw-coloured.—Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Docum. 107, 214; Harv. in Harv. & Sond. FI. Cap. in. 104.

Distris.—Little Namaqualand, Vanrhynsdorp and Calvinia :

Little Namaqualand, Scully, 205! 229! Vanrhynsdorp ; Ebenezer,

November, Drége! Oliphant’s River, November—December, Pappe !

Calvinia; Kamos, February, Heklon! Piquetberg, foot of mountains

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae). 291

on west slopes of Piquetberg Mtns., October, Bolus! Malmesbury ;

Saldhana Bay, 50 ft., September, Bolus, 12704! Darling ? Bachmann,

384!° Worcester, near the Hex River, Bolus, 5197,! South Africa,

without precise locality, Masson !

8. P. erythrochaeta, DC. Prodr, v. 358.

A serubby shrub about 2 ft. high; branchlets minutely pubescent

when young, at length glabrous, with greyish bark. Leaves ovate or

ovate-lanceolate, subacute, 8-6 mm. long, 15-2 mm. broad, usually

distinctly I-nerved beneath, finely canous-pubescent. Heads 4-5-

flowered, solitary, sessile, turbinate, 1-1'5 cm. long, about 8 mm. in

diameter. Involucral bracts 5—6-seriate, lanceolate, acute or subacute,

l-nerved, finely puberulous with membranous margins tinged with

red, minutely ciliate. Corolla 1 em. long; lobes lanceolate, subacute,

2mm.long. Achenes 3 mm. long, oblong-linear, coarsely and densely

villous. Pappus 1 em. long, bright purple.—Drége, Zwei Pflanzen-

geogr. Docum. 61; Harv. in Harv. & Sond. FI. Cap. ii. 100.

Distris.—Upper Region to George :

Fraserburg ; between Karree River and Klein Quaggas Fontein,

August, Burchell, 1403! Carnarvon; Sihiet Fontein, September,

Burchell, 1546! Jansenville; Zwart Ruggens, Karroo Plats, 2000—

3000 ft., August, Drege! Murraysburg, Tyson! Middleburg ;

Culmstock, October, Galpin, 5589! George, Pappe !

The bright purple pappus is a striking feature of this species.

9. P. quinqueflora, DC. Prodr. v. 363.

A small shrub 8-12 in. high; branches elongated, terete, canous

pubescent, becoming glabrous with age; twigs opposite ; bark brown,

smooth. Leaves opposite, slightly connate at the base, linear or

lanceolate-linear, subobtuse or subacute, l-nerved beneath, canous-

tomentellous. Heads 3-4-flowered, terminal, sessile, solitary, 0°9—

lem. long, about 5 mm. in diameter, oblong. Involueral bracts about

4-seriate, more or less ovate, subacute, with a distinct midrib,

greenish, with a band of short canous indumentum up the middle.

Receptacle flat, honeycombed, fimbriated. Corolla 0°9-1:1 em. long,

tubular, 5-angled below ; lobes 2°75—-3 mm. long, lanceolate, subacute.

Stamens inserted { down the corolla-tube; filaments 3-5 mm. long,

filiform ; anthers 4 mm. long, linear, lanceolate and acute at the apex.

Style 9 mm. long, terete; style-branches 3-3°5 mm. long, linear,

becoming lanceolate-ovate near the apex, papillous on the broadened

292 Annals of the South African Museum.

portion. Achenes 3 mm. long, obovate-oblong, villous from the base.

Pappus reddish-brown, 1 cm. long.—Harv. in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap.

iil. 107.

Distris.— Without locality, Ecklon and Zeyher, 2481 ; Stormberg,

December, Sim!

Section II. PAPILLATAE.

10. P. membranacea, Linn. f. Suppl. 357.

Branches more or less quadrangular, glabrescent ; branchlets terete,

densely mealy-puberulous. Leaves opposite, oblong-lanceolate or

slightly oblanceolate, acute, slightly narrowed to a broad base,

8-11 mm. long, about 38 mm. broad, rigidly chartaceous, distinctly

keeled below, not visibly nerved above, densely puberulous on both

surfaces. Heads solitary, terminal, sessile, turbinate, 2°5 em. long,

1:5 cm. in diameter, about 18-flowered. Involucral bracts 6-seriate,

the outermost two opposite, ovate, cuspidate, 5 mm. long, 3 mm.

broad, strongly keeled, with broad membranous hyaline margins, the

latter not extending to the apex, minutely puberulous on the outside ;

remainder of bracts with the hyaline margins continued to the apex,

the mnermost series oblong-lanceolate, rounded at the apex, about

18cm. long and 6 mm. broad, with a broad pointed green middle

portion and membranous slightly jagged hyaline margins which are

broadest near the apex. Receptacle flat, shortly and rigidly setose.

Corolla-tube 1 cm. long, cylindric, broader in the middle, with a sub-

campanulate limb, glabrous; lobes lanceolate, subobtuse, 2 mm. long.

Anthers 45 mm. long, linear, with an acute lanceolate apex. Achenes

3°5 mm. long, densely long-villous, contracted at the apex into a

distinct glabrous neck. Pappus yellowish-brown when dry, slightly

shorter than the corolla-tube, inserted on a distinct annulus.—

Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 683; DC. Prodr. v. 361; Harv. in Harv.

& Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 104.

Distris.—Somerset and Caledon eastward to Uitenhage :

Somerset ; Boschberg, MacOwan, 1961! between the Zuurberg

Range and Klein, Briuntjes Hoogte, 2000-5000 ft., October, Drege a!

Caledon ; Zondereinde River, November, Zeyher, 2773! George;

Karroogeger, Zeyher in Herb. Kew! Zuurbergen, Bolus, 2324!

Robertson ; Kochman’s Kloof, November, 800-1200 ft., Mund, 140!

Oudtshoorn, near Cango, 2000 ft., December, Bolus, 11949!

Uitenhage; on the hills by Port Elizabeth, February, Ecklon &

Zeyher, 407! Redhouse, Paterson in Herb. Albany Mus., 2157!

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae). 293

ll. P. beckeoides, DC. Prodr. v. 359.

A slender, twiggy shrub; older twigs quite glabrous ; young twigs

and leaves minutely pulverulent, slender. Leaves opposite, linear,

subacute, 2-4 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, thickish, somewhat keeled,

entire, powdery. Heads terminal, solitary, sessile, oblong-turbinate,

conical at the base. 14-2 em. long, glabrous. Involucral bracts in

many rows, ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, with membranous

torn edges, the outer short. Achenes densely hairy. Pappus foxy.

Disrris.—Swellendam, Drege.

Known to us only from description.

12. P. oppositifolia, Linn. Syst. 538.

A small shrub. Branches densely puberulous. Leaves opposite,

ovate or ovate-lanceolate, subacute, broad at the base, 0°5-1 cm.

long, 2°5-5 mm. broad, rigidly chartaceous, flat, with a prominent

midrib below, densely puberulous on both surfaces. Heads terminal,

solitary, about 20-flowered, campanulate, 2 cm. long, about 1:25 em.

in diameter. Involucral bracts 5—7-seriate, closely imbricate, gradually

increasing in size from below, the outer ovate-oblong, the inner oblong

or linear-oblong, rounded at the base, scarious with a darker patch on

the outside towards the apex, glabrous, shortly ciliate towards the apex.

Receptacle flat, with long setose, subulate bristles. Corolla 9-10 mm.

long, glabrous; lobes linear-lanceolate, subobtuse, 2°5 mm. long.

Achénes 3 mm. long, villous with slender ascending white hairs,

abruptly contracted and glabrescent at the apex. Puppus reddish, as

long as the corolla-tube-—Thunb. F]. Cap. ed Schult. 632; DC. Prodr.

v. 398; Harv. in Harv. & Sond. FI. Cap. iii. 99.

Distris.— Worcester to Mossel Bay : Worcester; on hills at Touw’s

River Railway Station, 2500 ft., December, Bolus, 7488! Swellendam,

December, without collector's name in South African Museum

Herbarium! Riversdale; between Zoetemelks River and Little Vet

River, November, Burchell, 6837! near Riversdale, November,

Schlechter, 1816! Mossel Bay; Attaquas Kloof, November, Thunberg!

13. P. lucilioides, DC. Prodr. v. 358.

A slender, much-branched, glaucous shrub; young branches scabrid-

_ puberulous, at length glabrous. Leaves opposite, free from each other

at the base, linear or subspathulate-linear, obtuse, 5-8 mm. long,

about 1°25 mm. broad, very convex below, concave above, coriaceous,

densely white scabrid-papillous on both surfaces. Heads terminal,.

solitary, sessile, acutely acuminate in the bud state, at length oblong-

294 Annals of the South African Museum.

cylindric, 2 cm. long, nearly 1 cm. in diameter, about 12-flowered.

Involucral bracts gradually differentiated from the upper leaves, about

6-seriate, yellow when dry, the outermost oblong-oblanceolate, about

6 mm. long and 3 mm. broad, finely puberulous down the middle

outside, the intermediate ones oblong, 1-2 em. long, 5 mm. broad, the

innermost linear-oblong, 1:8 cm. long, 4 mm. broad, all scaly mem-

branous and glabrous. Receptacle 35 min. in diameter, deeply

honeycombed — Corolla-tube 8 mm. long, gradually widened upwards.

glabrous; lobes lanceolate, subacute, 2 mm. long. <Anthers 4°59 mm.

long. Achenes 6 mm. long, densely glandular and shortly setose

with scattered hairs. Pappus straw-coloured, 1 cm. long.—Harv. in

Harv. & Sond. FIL. Cap. iii. 100. P. gymmocline, E. Mey. in Drtge,

Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docum. 94, 214, not of DC. P. lucilioides, var.

sparsifolia, larva cs 2k bromoides, 8. Moore in Bull. Herb. Boiss.

Ser. IT. iv. 1011.

Distris.—Great Namaqualand to Great Bushmanland : Great

Namaqualand ; without precise locality, Wyley! Chamis, September,

von Trotha, 147b! Jakalskopje, Dinter, 1197! Great Karasberg,

Pearson, 7917! near Aus, Marloth, 5060! Little Namaqualand ;

near the mouth of the Orange River, hills below 600 ft., October,

Drege! TcAlee Mountains, common on lower middle slopes, January,

Pearson, 6150! between Steinkopf and the Orange River, October,

Phillips, 1598! Great Bushmanland ; Wortel, June, Maz Schlechter,

110

14. P. scabra, Harv. in Harv. & Sond. FI. Cap. iii. 109.

Branches slender, roughly scabrid. Leaves alternate or subopposite,

linear, obtuse, 1°5-2°5 cm. long, 2-3 mm. broad, coriaceous, with a

thick prominent midrib on the lower surface, coarsely scabrid-papillous

all over. Heads terminal, solitary, sessile, narrowly campanulate or

subobconical, 2°5-8 cm. long, about 1:5 em. in diameter, many-flowered.

Involucral bracts 5—6-seriate, lanceolate, obtuse, the outer ones reaching

nearly up to the middle of the head, l-nerved, very finely scabrid-

puberulous outside. Receptacle small and convex. Corolla-tube i-2 mas

long, gradually widened upwards, glabrous ; lobes narrowly lanceo-

late, obtuse, 4 mm. long, glabrous. Achenes 5 mm. long, villous with

long silky subappressed white hairs. Pappus light yellow when dry,

1:5 cm. long.

Disrris.— Caledon ; Houwhoek, Zeyher ; 1000 ft., December, Bolus,

6942! Bredasdorp; near Elim, 300 ft., December, Schlechter in Herb.

Bolus, 8547 !

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae). 295

15. P. centauroides, DC. Prodr. v. 362.

Branches fairly slender, subterete, scabrid-papillous. Leaves opposite

or subopposite, free from each other at the base, linear or linear-

lanceolate, subacutely mucronate, 1-2 cm. long, 15-4 mm. broad,

coriaceous, with a slightly prominent midrib on the lower surface,

scabrid-papillous on both surfaces. Heads terminal, solitary, peduncu-

late, cylindric, 25-3 cm. long, about 1°38 cm. in diameter, about

25-flowered. Involucral bracts 6—7-seriate; the outer ovate, about

05 cm. long; the intermediate oblong, 1°5 cm. long, about 0°5 em,

broad; the innermost linear, 2 cm. long, about 4 mm. broad; all

rounded at the apex and with extremely narrowly membranous

margins, scaly, glabrous. Receptacle quite flat, honeycombed, fimbril-

late, about 6 mm. in diameter. Corolla-tube 1:2 cm. long, gradually

widened upwards, glabrous; lobes lnear-lanceolate, obtuse, 2°5 mm.

long, glabrous. Achenes 7 mm. long, compressed, obovate-oblanceolate,

villous with long silky appressed hairs. Pappus brownish-yellow when

dry, 1:3 em. long.—Harv. in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. ui. 105.

Distris.— Worcester; Dutoit’s Kloof, LUVO-2000 ft., Cctober-

January, Drege !

16. P. undulata, DC. Prodr. v. 361.

A shrub; main branches light coloured, with longitudinally splitting

bark; flowering branchlets slender, minutely viscid-puberulous.

Leaves opposite, free from each other at the base, obovate, narrowed

into a short petiole, 0°5-1'5 cm. long, about 0°8 cm. broad, with

strongly twisted and crinkled margins, more or less viscid, coriaceous,

scabrid on the margins and midrib. Heads 3-6 at the ends of the

branchlets, 3-4-flowered, pedunculate, somewhat turbinate, 1-5-2 em.

long; peduncles 0°5—1°5 em. long, slender, scabrid-puberulous, with a

pair of small oblong opposite bracts at the base of the involucre.

Involucral bracts about 3-seriate, gradually longer upwards; the

outermost oblong-lanceolate, subacute, about 2 mm. long; the inner-

most linear-oblauceolate, obtuse, about 8 mm. long and 2 mm. broad ;

all membranous and glabrous. Receytacle very small. Corolla gradu-

ally widened upwards, 1 em. long, glabrous ; lobes linear-lanceolate,

subacute, 2°6 mm. long. Anthers scarcely exserted from the tips of

the corolla lobes. Achenes somewhat compressed, abruptly contracted

at the apex, 5 mm. long, slightly pubescent and glandular. Pappus

1 cm. long, nearly white.—Drtge, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docum. 90, 95,

214; Harv. in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. iii. 104.

Disrris.—Little Namaqualand: Modderfontein, 1500 2000 ft.,

296 Annals of the South African Museum.

August, Drege a! Silver Fontein, near Ookiep, 2000-3000. ft.,

September, October, Drege b!

17. P. divaricata, Less. Syn. Comp. 196.

A scrubby bush 4-8 ft. high ; branchlets opposite, finely puberulous.

Leaves opposite, shortly petiolate, obovate-elliptic or sometimes nearly

orbicular, narrowed at the base, 2-3 em. long, 1-2 em. broad, trinerved

from the base, subcoriaceous, flat, finely scabrid-puberulous on both

surfaces and on the margin. Heads corymbose, several at the end of each

branchlet, pedunculate, about 5-flowered, turbinate, about 1°5 cm. long ;

peduncles up to 1°5 cm. long, slender, densely puberulous. Involucrat

bracts 4—5-seriate; the outermost broadly ovate, about 2°5 mm. long ;

the innermost linear-oblong, obtuse or subacute, 8 mm. long; all

membranous and often bright green when dry, glabrous. Receptacle

small. Corolla 1-1'2 em. long, gradually widened upwards, ribbed and

pubescent below the middle ; lobes linear-lanceolate, acute, 3 mm. long.

Anthers exserted. Achenes 5 mm. long, sparingly pubescent, glandular.

Pappus 0-8-1 em. long, nearly white or reddish-white-—DC. Prodr.

v. 8357; Harv. in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. in. 99.

Disrris.—Great Namaqualand to the Cape Div. :

Great Namaqualand: Kubub, March, Schinz, 697! Khamiesberg ;

above T'wee Rivieren, September, Pearson, 6764! Little Namaqualand ;

Spektakel, 1200 ft., September, Bolus, in Herb. Norm. Austro-Afric.,

398! near Ookiep, November, Morris in Herb. Bolus, 5669! Rietfontein,

2500 ft., Pearson, 3770! Calvinia; Blaukrantz Pass, December,

Pearson, 4958! Bushmanland; Kopjes, Nieuwfontein, Pearson, 3469!

Clanwilliam; Clanwilliam, Mader, 2178! Ram’s Kop, Lezpoldt, 88!

Lambert's Bay, August, Schlechter, 8542! Blauwberg, Zeyher, 818!

near Oliphant’s River, Pappe! Koeberg, Pappe! Piquetberg; near

Goedverwacht, Bolus, 13565! Malmesbury; Riebeck’s Castle, below

1000 ft., November, Drege a! Saldhana Bay, Bolus, 12703! Cape;

plains near Cape Town, Niven, 22! South Africa; without precise

locality, Zeyher, 139! 244! Masson! Pearson, 3404! 5020!

Section IIT. CILIATAE.

18. P. camphorata, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. II. 1176.

A shrub 1-3 ft. high; branches pale, scabrid with small hook-like

short setae. Leaves tufted, or if scattered then alternate, acicular,

acute, g’abrous except for a row of short white teeth on each in-

folded margin, 1-1.8 em. long, about 1 mm. thick, much shorter than

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae). 297

the flower-heads. Heads terminal, solitary or often up to 5 in a

corymb, well exserted from the leaves, pedunculate, the peduncles

bearing smaller leaves, subcampanulate, about 1:5 cm. long

and the same in diameter. Involucral bracts about 5-seriate,

shorter than the flowers; the outermost linear or linear-lanceolate,

acute, about 3 mm. long; the intermediate lanceolate, acute, with a

distinct keel in the upper half; the innermost linear-lanceolate, about

1 cm. long, acute; all straw-coloured or brownish straw-coloured and

shortly and closely ciliate, otherwise glabrous. Receptacle setose and

deeply pitted. Corolla yellow, 1 em. long, gradually widened upwards,

very sparingly pubescent ; lobes linear-lanceolate, acute, 2 mm. long.

Achenes 3-4: mm. long, flattened, glabrous and shining. Pappus sub-

uniseriate, connate into a rmg at the base, about 1 cm. long, whitish

straw-coloured.—Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 629, partly ; Harv. in

Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. ni. 110, partly ; Lamark D1. t. 667 ; P. aspera,

Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 631; P. camphorata, var. aspera,

Harv. l.c.; P. crassifolia, Poir. Encycl. v. 731 ?; P. camphorata,

var. armata Harv. lc. partly; P. laricina, Hoult ex DC. Prodr.

v, 364,

Disrris.—Bushmanland to Piquetberg and around the Cape Districts

generally, to Bredasdorp :

Bushmanland ; Beacon Hill, Khamiesberg, 2 miles south-east of

Leliefontein, near summit, 5400 ft., January, Pearson, 6354! Clan-

william ; Oliphant’s River Mtns. 600 ft., September, Schlechter, 5112 !

Piquetberg ; stony and rocky mountain places, 1000-2000 ft., June,

Drege a! Tulbagh; Pappe! Malmesbury; near Groene Kloof,

300 ft., November, Bolus, 4286! Hoetjes Bay, 150 ft., September,

Bolus, 12705! Cape Peninsula; Kirstenbosch, Zeyher, 4796;

Simon’s Bay, Wright! roadsides towards Chapman’s Bay, September,

Wolley Dod, 1552! Bredasdorp; Zeekoe Vlei, August, Schlechter,

8483! South Africa; without precise locality, Pappe! Zeyher!

Wallich, 809! Lindley! Villette!

Var. armata, Harv. l.c., partly.

Leaves rigidly setose all over the surface. P. camphorata, Drege

Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docum. 75.

Distris.—Oliphants River Mountains; lower slopes of moun-

tains behind Farmer’s Baths, September, Stephens, 6961! Clan-

william ; near Honig Vallei and on the Koude Berg, 3000-4000 ft.,

December, Drege b! Piquetberg; near Goedverwacht, October,

Bolus, 13564! South Africa; without locality, Niven, 90! Auge!

298 Annals of the South African Museum.

Var. laevigata, Harv. \.c.

Stems and leaves quite glabrous, the latter often more scattered than

in the type and opposite or subopposite.

Distris.—Vanrhynsdorp; Gift Berg, 1500-2500 ft., Drege d! Piquet-

berg; near 24-Rivers, Zeyher, 810! Ceres; near Elandsfontein,

5200 ft., January, Schlechter, 10017 !

Var. longifolia, Harv. L.c.

Stems and branches finely setulose. Leaves 3-5 em. long, often

overtopping the flower-heads, very sparingly ciliate towards the base

or glabrous.

Distrisp.—Paarl; Paarl Mt., 1000-2000 ft., November and December,

Drége a! 1000 ft., October, Bolus, 3175! Drakenstein, near Wel-

hineton, 2000 ft., November, MacOwan, in Herb. Norm. Austro-Afric.,

143! French Hoek, Phillips, 1161! Robertson; Kochmans Kloof,

November, Mund, 142! Caledon; Zondereinde River Valley, near

Villiersdorp, 1200 ft., November, Bolus, 4286! Worcester; mts.

above Worcester, Rehmann, 2654! South Africa; without precise

locality, Zeyher, 2776!

P. camphorata seems to be a polymorphic species as regards the

arrangement and the surface-covering of the leaves, varying from

opposite to alternate in var. /aevigata, alternate in the other forms, and

from entirely glabrous in var. laevigata to densely setose all over the

surface in var. avimata. These differences, however, are not associated

with any others, the flower-heads being identical in all.

19. P. stricta, Ait. Hort. Kew, ed. I. iii. 162.

A shrub; branches strigose-pubescent. Leaves dense, clustered or

alternate, acicular, acute, subterete, 1-2 em. long, fleshy, with a few

cilia on the lower part or sometimes nearly glabrous. Heads corymbose

at the ends of the principal branches, each terminating a short lateral

branch, campanulate, about 2 cm. long and about 1°5 cm. in diameter.

Involucral bracts 5—6-seriate, exceeding the flowers, greenish when

dry, all linear or linear-lanceolate, conspicuously tailed-acuminate,

and very prominently ribbed, very slightly ciliolate, otherwise

glabrous. Receptacle honeycombed. Corolla green ? about 1 cm.

long, ribbed and sparsely puberulous in the lower part, gradually

widened from the middle upwards; lobes lanceolate, subacute,

15 mm. long. Achenes glabrous, somewhat flattened and elliptic

when ripe, 5 mm. long, smooth and shining, with thickened lighter

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae). 299

coloured margins. Pappus about 8 mm. long, l-seriate, straw-coloured,

the setae shortly pilose and connate into a ring at the base-—DC.

Prodr. v. 364; Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docum. 64. P. chryso-

comifolia, Poir. Eneyel. v. 732. P. camphorata, var. stricta, Harv, in

Harv. & Sond. FI, Cap. i. 110.

Disrrisn.—Robertson to George and Prince Albert: Robertson ;

Outeniqua Mtns., Robertson Pass, Hops, 67! Swellendam, Mund !

George; Oliphant’s River, Gill! Lange Kloof, Zeyher, 257! Prince

Albert ; Great Zwartbergen Range, 3000-4000 ft., August, Drege a!

ce. 4050 ft., November, Marloth, 2475! ce. 5000 ft., December, Bolus

11522! South Africa; without precise locality, Thunberg !

Var. longifolia, Phillips, var. nov.

Leaves up to 4.5 em. long.

Distris.—Prince Albert ; stony places at summit of the Zwartberg.

Pass, c. 5000 ft., December, Bolus, 11523 !

In appearance this is very similar to P. camphorata, var. longifolia,

but can at once be distinguished from it by the tailed-acuminate inner

involucral bracts, which are not ciliated.

20. P. onobromoides, DC. Prodr. v. 864.

A bush 1-3 ft high ; branches glabrous, with smooth light-coloured

bark. Leaves alternate, linear or broadly linear, obtuse or subacute,

truncate at the base, 2-4 cm. long, 3-5 mm. broad, flat or concave

above, distinctly 1-nerved beneath, glabrous and wrinkled when dry,

closely pectinate-setose on the margins with acute ivory-white teeth.

Heads solitary, terminal, sessile, numerous-flowered, -campanulate,

3°) em. long, about 1°5—-2°5 cm. in diameter. Receptacle about 8 mm.

broad, slightly concave, honeycombed and fimbriate. Involucral bracts

about 7-seriate ; the outermost ovate, about 8 mm. long; the others

gradually becoming narrower; the innermost linear-oblong, obtuse or

truncate at the apex, glabrous, chaffy-coriaceous. Corolla 2 em. long,

with a slender ribbed tube, glabrous ; lobes linear-lanceolate, acute,

32 mm. long. Achenes compressed, oblanceolate, 7 mm. long, covered

with golden glands, not hairy. Pappus 1°5 em. long, brownish-yellow

—Harv. in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. iii. 10).

Disrris.—Little Namaqualand to St. Helena Bay, Piquetberg :

Little Namaqualand ; Port Nolloth, sandy flats near the coast, Ather-

stone, 6! Among bushes near Oograbies Poort, September, Bolus,

8349! Port Nolloth, January, Galpin and Pearson, 7651! without

precise locality, Ecklon and Zeyher (ex Harv.) Scully, 220! Van-

300 Annals of the South African Museum.

rhynsdorp; Ebenezer, on dry stony hills below 500 ft., November,

Drege! Clanwilliam ; Vogelfontein, Zeyher, 816! Piquetberg ; Elands-

berg and towards Verloren Valley, and near St. Helena Bay, Wallich!

According to Dr. Atherstone, who collected in Little Namaqualand

in 1856, this species grows in the sandy flats near the coast at Port

Nolloth. The leaves are succulent and very aromatic, and, mixed

with fat, used by the Namaquas and Bastards as a perfume under the

name of “Buchu.” It is called “Sab” in the Namaqua language,

and is dried and collected for sale.

21. P. villosa, Linn. f. Suppl. 356.

A shrub, branches woolly villous, with whitish hairs which at length

fall off. Leaves alternate, spathulate-linear, obtuse, 0-8-1 cm. long,

1-5-2 mm. broad, concave above, convex below, setose on the margin

and often also on the lower surface. Heads solitary, terminal, broadly

campanulate, about 15 cm. long and 1-13 cm. in diameter.

Involucral bracts 5-7-seriate; the outermost oblong-elliptic, rounded

at the apex, about 4 mm. long, glabrous, with finely membranous

hyaline margins which at length become jagged; the innermost

oblong, about 1 em. long with rounded slightly broader apices and

more membranous than the outer ones. Receptacle not examined.

Corolla-tube gradually widened upwards, nearly 1 em. long, glabrous,

lobes linear-lanceolate, subacute, 2 mm. long. <Achenes about 5 mm.

long, very densely appressed silky-villous. Pappus brownish straw-

coloured, 8-10 mm. long.—Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 631 ; Harv.

in Harv. & Sond. FI. Cap. i. 106.

Distris.—Calvinia ; “‘ Hantam and in the Karroo below Bockland,”

October, Thunberg !

22. P. infleva, Thunb. ex Linn. f. Suppl. 356.

A small, sparingly branched undershrub with an elongated spirally

twisted stout stem and longitudinally splitting bark; branches

sparingly pubescent. Leaves opposite, oblong or oblong-elliptic,

rounded at the apex, 0°5-1°5 em. long, 3-5 mm. broad, coriaceous,

setulose-pubescent and glandular on both surfaces. Heads solitary at

the ends of short branchlets, cylindric-campanulate, 1°5—2 cm. long,

about 1 em. in diameter, many-flowered. Involucral bracts about

6-seriate, all suborbicular with a sharply defined membranous margin

1 mm. wide, sparingly glandular outside, otherwise glabrous.

Receptacle nearly flat, nearly 5 mm. in diameter. Corolla 1 cm. long,

gradually widened from near the base upwards, glabrous; lobes

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae). 301

lanceolate, subacute, 155 mm. long. Achenes 4 mm. long, thinly

villous. Pappus as long as the corolla, straw-coloured.—Linn. Syst.

Veg. 1202; Linn. f. Suppl. 356; Harv. in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap.

ui. 99. P. lupulina, DC. Prodr. v. 357.

Distriz.—Calvinia; Bitterfontein, Zeyher, 3097! Fraserburg :

between Zak River and Kopjes Fontein, September, Burchell, 1495 !

South Africa, without precise locality, Masson !

23. P. punctata, Phillips, n. sp.

Frutex parvus. Ramuli minute albo-pubescentes, demum glabri. Folw

opposita, superiora aliquando alternata, obovato-oblonga vel lineari-

oblonga, apice obtusa, basi angustata, 0°5-1-9 em. longa, 3—-6°5 mm.

lata, plana, punctata, glabra, ciliata. Capitula multiflora, terminalia,

solitaria, sessilia, 15-17 em. longa, cylindrico-campanulata. Bracteae

involucri 5—7-seriatae, imbricatae, oblongo-orbiculatae, supra saccatae,

mareinibus membranaceis. Corolla 1 em. longa; lobi 15 mm. longi,

ovati vel lanceolati, apice subacuti. Filamenta 2°5 mm. longa,

filiformia ; antherae 4mm. longae, lineares, apice subacutae. Achaeniu

3 mm. longa, oblonga, dense appresso-villosa. Pappus pallidus.

A small shrub with the habit of P. infleza; branchlets minutely

whitish pubescent, becoming glabrous with age. Leaves opposite or

sometimes the upper ones alternate, obovate-oblong to linear-oblong,

obtuse, narrowed at the base, 0°5-1°9 em. long, 3-6°5 mm. broad, flat,

punctate with black dots, glabrous, setulosely ciliate. Heads many-

flowered, terminal, solitary, sessile, 1:5-1‘7 em. long, cylindric-

campanulate. Involucral bracts 5—7-seriate, closely imbricate, oblong-

orbicular, prominently saccate below the apex, with membranous

margins, glabrous. Corolla 1 em. long; lobes 1°5 mm. long, ovate or

lanceolate, subacute. Stamens inserted about % down the tube ;

filaments 2°5 mm. long, filiform ; anthers 4 mm. long, linear, subacute.

Achenes 3 mm. long, oblong in outline, densely appressed-villous.

Pappus light straw-coloured, as long as the corolla.

Disrris.—Woreester through the Karroo to Jansenville and

Cradock :

Worcester ; between Worcester and Beaufort West, Rogers, 2466!

Murraysburg, around Murraysburg, Tyson! Jansenville ; near Loots

Kloof, November, MacOwan, 1803! Graaff Reinet; in plains near

Graaff Reinet, November, Bolus, 630! Middleburg; Conway Farm,

3600 ft., August, Gilfillan in Herb. Galpin, 5529! Cradock ; near

Cradock, Rogers in Herb. Bolus!

This species is very closely allied to P. infleca, Thunb., with which

302 Annals of the South African Museum.

it has been associated in Herbaria. The glabrous leaf-surfaces, the

more strikingly saccate involucral bracts, and its more easterly

distribution seem sufficient to distinguish it.

24, P. utilis, Hutchinson, n. sp.

Frutex circiter 30 em. altus. Rami prostrati; ramuli setuloso-pilosi.

Folia opposita, basi libera, lanceolata vel elliptico-lanceolata, apice

acuta, mucronata, basi angustata, 1°5-2°5 em. longa, 04-1 em. lata,

coriacea, unicostata, utrinque marginibusque pilis albis setosa. Capi-

tula terminalia, solitaria, subsessilia, campanulata, 2—2°5 cm. longa, circa

1:5 em. lata. Bracteae involucri circiter 5-seriatae, lanceolatae, apice

acutae ; extimae circiter 4 mm. longae ; intimae circa 1:3 em. longae ;

omnes paullo carinatae, glabrae, marginibus minute ciliatis. Recep-

taculum coneavum, alveolatum, circiter 0°8 em. latum. Corolla lutea,

subcylindrica, superne sensim dilatata, 1:3 cm. longa, medio tenuiter

puberula, costata; lobi lineari-lanceolati, apice acuti, 2 mm. longi.

Achaenia 4-5 mm. longa, dense albo-villosa. Pappus pallidus, 1 cm.

longus. ;

A bush about 80 cm. high, with prostrate branches ; branchlets

setulose-pilose. Leaves opposite, free from ,each other at the base,

lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, acutely mucronate, narrowed to the

base, 1°5-2'5 em. long, 0°4-1 em. broad, coriaceous, ]-nerved, setose-

pilose with white hairs on the margins of both surfaces. Heads

terminal, solitary, subsessile, campanulate, 2-2°5 cm. long, about

15 em. in diameter. IJnvolucral bracts about 5-seriate, lanceolate,

acute, the outermost about 4mm. long, the innermost about 1°3 em.

long, all slightly keeled, chaffy and darker-coloured in the middle with

minutely ciliolate margins, otherwise glabrous. Receptacle concave,

honeycombed, about 0°8 em. in diameter. Corolla yellow, subcylindrie,

eradually widened upwards, 1:3 cm. long, finely puberulous about the

middle, ribbed; lobes linear-lanceolate, acute, 2 mm. long. Achenes

4-5 mm. long, densely villous with whitish hairs. Pappus straw-

coloured, 1 em. long.

Disrris.—Piquetberg ;

Pass, November, Pillans, 5114! South side of summit above Kradouw

Krantz, November, Pillans, 5316!

Pillans states that the shoots are eaten by stock.

Upper south-west slopes above Pickenier’s

25. P. adenocarpa, Harv. in Harv. & Sond. FI. Cap. i. 109.

A rigid shrub 1-2 ft. high. Branches glabrous; bark smooth when

young, becoming rougher with age. Leaves opposite, oblong-oblanceo-

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae). 303

late or obovate-elliptic, acute or subacute, narrowed to and slightly

connate at the base, 1-1-3 em. long, 05-1 em. broad, punctate on both

surfaces with shortly setulose-ciliate margins. Heads terminal, solitary,

obconic, about 3 em. long and 15 cm. in diameter. Involucral bracts

5-6-seriate ; the outer ones broadly ovate; the innermost oblanceolate,

rounded or truncate at the apex, glabrous, with membranous and

sometimes slightly jagged margins. Receptacle small. Corolla-tube

1:3 em. long, cylindrie, glabrous ; lobes lanceolate, subacute, 3°5 mm,

long. Anthers6 mm. long,acute. Achenes 7 mm. long, rather densely

covered with subsessile golden glands and rarely with a few long hairs.

Pappus bent near the base, 1°5 cm. long, brownish when dry.—P.

viscosa DC. Prodr. v. 364, not of Thunb.

Distrrp.—From Worcester north to Victoria West, and east to

Albany :

Worcester; near Worcester, November, Pappe! Tulbagh ;

Winterhoek, Ecklon and Zeyher! Sutherland; Great Riet River,

August, Burchell, 1382! near Sutherland, August, Burchell, 1338 ;

Fraserburg; between Karree River and Klein Quaggas Fontein,

August, Burchell, 1409! Beaufort West; Courland’s Kloof, Nelspoort,

July, Pearson, 1471! 1485! Victoria West; on the hills near Victoria

West, Shaw, 1241! Graaff Reinet; near Graaff Reinet, June, Bolus,

513! 3500 ft., December, Ff. Bolus in Herb. Bolus, 11950! Murrays-

burg ; near the way to the “ Cave,” June, Tyson, 215! Willowmore ;

between Great Zwartbergen and Aasvogel Berg, 2000 ft., August,

Drege a! Somerset; Zwartruggens, MacOwan, 1960! Albany,

Bowker !

26. P. Mooreiana, Hutchinson, n. sp.

Rami crassi; ramuli tenuiter puberuli. Folia plana, opposita,

oblongo-elliptica vel oblongo-oblanceolata, apice obtusa, basi paullo

cuneata, 1-1'5 em. longa, 3-7 mm. lata, coriacea, marginibus

scabrido-serrulatis, aliter glabra, frequenter a basi 5-nervis distinctis

aequidistantibus. Capitula solitaria, cylindrica vel cylindrico-obconica,

3 em. longa, circa supra 15 em. lata. Bracteae involucri circa (=

seriatae, ovatae ad oblongo-lanceolatae, marginibus membranaceis,

glabrae. Corolla 1-5 em. longa, inferne costata, superne paullo dilatata

pubescentia ; lobi lineari-lanceolati, apice obtusi, 1:5 mm. longi.

Achaenia villosa. Pappus pallidus, basi connatus, 1°5 cm. longus.

Branches stout, blackish when dry; young branchlets finely and

closely puberulous. Leaves flat, opposite, oblong-elliptic or oblong-

oblanceolate, obtuse, very slightly connate at the base, 1-1°5 em.

304. Annals of the South African Musewm.

long, 8-7 mm. broad, coriaceous, with finely scabrid-serrulate margins

resembling the edge of a very fine saw, otherwise glabrous, frequently

with 3 distinct parallel nerves from the base. Heads solitary, cylindric

or cylindric-obconic, 3 em. long, about 1:5 em. across the top. Invo-

lucral bracts about 7-seriate, ovate to oblong-lanceolate, chaffy with

broad membranous margins, glabrous. Corolla 1:5 em. long, ribbed

in the lower, a little expanded and slightly pubescent in the upper

half; lobes linear-lanceolate, obtuse, 155 mm. long. Achenes villous.

Pappus straw-coloured, connate at the base into a ring, 1'5 cm. long.

Distr1e.—South Africa; without locality, Massonin Herb. Mus. Brit. !

A very fine species closely allied to P. adenocarpa, Harv., but

distinguished by its conspicuously puberulous branchlets, frequently

trinerved leaves with very finely and densely scabrid-ciliolate margins.

Unfortunately there is no record of the locality in which Masson

collected the specimen. Named in compliment to Mr. Spencer Moore,

of the Natural History Museum, South Kensington.

27. P. hirsuta, Linn. f. Suppl. 356.

A small much-branched shrub 1-14 ft. high; branchlets terete,

rather densely setose-pilose. Leaves opposite, almost free from each

other at the base, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, obtuse, 0°7—1'4: em.

long, up to 5 mm. broad, coriaceous, flat, distinctly 1-nerved, promi-

nently setose-ciliate or pilose on the margin and often on the back

of the midrib. Heads 15-25-flowered, solitary, sessile, terminal,

eylindric or campanulate, 2-3 em. long, 1-15 cm. in diameter. Invo-

lucral bracts gradually changed from the foliage, 4—5-seriate, the

outermost strongly ciliate like the leaves, the innermost oblong or

linear-oblong, about 2 cm. long and 7 mm. broad, chaffy, glabrous,

with very narrowly membranous finely jagged margins. Receptacle

long-setose. Corolla 1:7 cm. long, narrowly cylindric and ribbed

towards th base, gradually widened upwards, glabrous; lobes linear,

subacute, 3'°5 mm. long. Anthers slightly exserted beyond the tips of

the corolla. Achenes flattened, 8mm. long, appressed-villous. Pappus

brownish-yellow, 1-4 mm. long.—Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 681 ;

Harv. in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. ui. 103, inel. var. vera, Harv.; P.

retorta, Linn. f. Suppl. 856. P. uniflora, Poir. Encyel. v. 733.

Distrisn.— Malmesbury through the Coast Region to Mossel Bay :

Malmesbury ; between Eikenboom and Riebeek Kasteel, below 1000 ft.,

October, Drige b! Tulbagh ; Winterhoek, November, Pappe! near

Saron, October, Schlechter, 10617! Worcester; Breede River, Novem-

ber, Ecklon and Zeyher, 48! Paarl; Paarl Mountain, 1000-2000 ft.,

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae). 305

November—December, Drege a! Cape; between Cape Town and Table

Mountain, on the plain, December, Burchell, 61! towards Camp’s Bay,

October, Diimmer, 1995! Cape Town, MacOwan! Pappe! Swellendam,

Kennedy. Mossel Bay; between Duyker River and Gauritz River,

November, Burchell, 6380! between Little Brak River and Harten-

bosch, October, Burchell, 6208! South Africa ; without precise locality,

Bowie! Masson! Nelson! Niven!

Var. Cephalotes, Harv. in Harv. & Sond. Le.

Branches and margins of leaves shortly setose but not pilose.—P.

cephalotes, Linn. f. Suppl. 358; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 631; DC.

Prodr. v. 361.

Distris.—Riversdale; hills near Zoetsmelks River, November,

Burchell, 6792! “South Africa,” Thunberg !

Var. glabra, DC. Prod. v. 361.

Leaves glabrous or nearly so.—Harv, in Harv, & Sond. FIL. Cap.

i. 108.

Disrris.—In the Karroo, without;precise locality, Heklon and Zeyher !

28. P. elongata, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. p. 631,

Branches shortly pubescent; bark greyish, smooth, becoming

rougher with age; young branchlets short and twiggy. Leaves

opposite, not connate at the base, linear, obtuse or subacute, 0°6-1-2

em. long, concave above, strongly keeled beneath, glabrous on both

surfaces, with sharp rough cartilaginous teeth on the margin, those

subtending the heads scarcely toothed. Heads about 40-flowered,

terminal, solitary, sessile, obconic, about 3 cm. long, 1°5—2°5 em. in

diameter. Involucral bracts 5-—6-seriate, ovate-elliptic, oblong or

oblong-linear, obtuse to acute, glabrous, with membranous and some-

what jagged margins, especially in the upper half. Receptacle concave,

rather narrow. Corolla-tube widened above, slightly bent about the

middle, 1°5 em. long; lobes lanceolate, obtuse or subobtuse, 2°5 mm.

long. Stamens inserted about the middle of the tube; filaments 4°5

mm. long ; anthers linear, acute, 5°5 mm. long. Style terete, gradually

thickened above, 1°5 em. long; branches subacute, 5 mm. long, papil-

lous on the upper third. Achenes oblong-obovoid, 6 mm. long, with a

tufted ring of hairs at the base about 4 mm. long, otherwise glabrous

or nearly so. Pappus 16 cm. long, yellowish-brown.—DC. Prodr.

v. 8362; Harv. in Harv. & Sond. FI. Cap. iii. 108.

Distris.—From Swellendam along the Coast districts to Port

Elizabeth :

306 Annals of the South African Museum.

Swellendam ; between Swellendam and Breede River, January,

Burchell, 7442b! Riversdale; Albertina, Muir, 884! Humansdorp,

Kennedy! Uitenhage; between Coega River and Sunday River,

on chalk flats below 1000 ft., December, Drege! Sunday River,

Zeyher, 242! Port Elizabeth, November, Kennedy, 215! Kemsley in

Herb. Albany Mus., 1087! South Africa: without precise locality,

Thunberg! Verreaux! Mund

Compared with the type specimen in Thunberg’s Herbarium.

29. P. staehelinoides, DC. Prodr. v. 364.

A rigid, scrubby bush; branches pubescent with very short rigid

reflexed white hairs, becoming glabrous with age. Leaves opposite,

linear or linear-lanceolate, acute, 13-2 em. long, free at the base, flat

or concave above, keeled beneath, rigidly ciliate, otherwise glabrous.

Heads about 28-flowered, sessile, terminal, solitary, eylindric-campanu-

late, 2°5-8 cm. long, about 2 cm. in diameter. Involucral bracts

7-serlate, from ovate to ovate-lanceolate, subacute or subobtuse, very

minutely puberulous outside, with membranous margins. Corolla

15 em. long, ribbed, gradually widened upwards, glabrous; lobes

lanceolate, subacute, $-1 in. long. Anthera slightly exserted. Achenes

4mm. long, olabrous except for a tuft of hairs at the base and a few

very small glands. Pappus 1:5 cm. long, dull white.—Harv. in Harv.

& Sond. Fl. Cap. i. 109

Distris.—George, Prince Albert, and Fraserburg, eastward to

Albany and Graaf Reinet :

George; Gauritz River, Heklon and Zeyher, 250! Uitenhage ;

Cradock, Pappe! Koegakamma Kloef, Heklon and Zeyher, 2775!

Port Elizabeth; Red House, West, 105! Albany ; Niemands

Kraal, June, MacOwan. 1159! Prince Albert; Great Zwarte Berg

Range, on stony hills 8000-4000 ft., July, Drégea! Near Prince

Albert, 2600 ft., December, Bolus, 11948! Mountain slopes, June—

July, Glover, 2687! Fraserburg; between Karree River and Klein

Quageas Fontein, August, Burchell, 1428! Graaff Reinet ; Ecklon

and Zeyher, 147! In stony and rocky mountain places, 3000-4000 tt.,

August, Drége b; May, Burchell, 2921! Stony hillsides, Bruintjes,

Hoogte, near the Hotel, c. 3200 ft., September, MacOwan, 1953!

South Africa, without precise locality, Mund and Maire! Harvey!

30. P. viscosa, Thunb. Prod. Fl. Cap. 144.

A shrublet 1-2 ft. high; branchlets covered with greyish-white

glabrous bark. Leares opposite, contiguous but only slightly connate

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae). 307

at the base, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, slightly mucronate,

0-8-1 em. long, about 4 mm. broad, keeled, shortly setulose-ciliate on

the margin and often on the lower surface, especially the keel, thick

and fleshy. Heads about 15-flowered, terminal, solitary, obconic,

2-2°5 em. long, about 1:5 em. in diameter. Involucral bracts about

5-seriate ; the outermost broadly ovate, subacute, about 8 mm. long,

scaly; the innermost linear-lanceolate, acute, about 15 em. long,

membranous, scaly, all rugulose in the upper part outside. Receptacle

small and honeycombed. Corolla slender, 1°2 cm. long, slightly

angular at the base, glabrous; lobes ovate-lanceolate, subacute,

1:25 mm. long. Anther tips produced very slightly beyond the tips

of the corolla lobes. Achenes closely packed, compressed, obovate,

7 mm. jong, 4mm. broad, with strongly ribbed margins, quite glabrous

over the surface, but sometimes with 2 or 3 long hairs on the ribs.

Pappus straw-coloured, as long as the corolla.—Thunb. FI. Cap. ed.

Schult. 632; DC. Prodr. v. 364; Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docu. 61 :

Harv. in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. 11. 108.

Disrris.—Great Namaqualand through Calvinia to Prince Albert :

Great Namaqualand ; 18 km. west of Aus, February, Pearson, 3677 !

Calvinia; Hantum, October, Thunberg! Graaff Reinet; near Stoepjes,

2500 ft., November, Bolus, 2323! Jansenville: Zwart Rueggens, on

dry stony hills, 2500-3000 ft., August, Drégeb! Faserburg: between

Karree River and Klein Quaggas Fontein, near Fraserburg, August,

Burchell, 1323! Prince Albert; on stony hills, near Prince Albert,

about 2300 ft., December, Bolus, 11524!

31. P. glomerata, Linn. f. Suppl. 356.

A small scrubby bush up to about 1 ft. high; branches glabrous,

sometimes viscid towards the apex, with short internodes. Leaves

opposite, usually very crowded and tufted, oblong or o! long-lanceolate,

obtuse, very slightly connate at the base, about 2 mm. long or less,

fleshy, very minutely puberulous or almost glabrous on the margins.

Heads terminal, solitary, subcampanulate, 2 em. long, about 1 em. in

diameter. Involucral bracts dull green, 6—7-seriate, the outermost

very broadly ovate, about 4 mm. long, the innermost oblong, about

1 em. long, all rounded at the apex, viscid outside, very minutelv

ciliolate. Receptacle small. Corolla 1:2 cm. long, glabrous; lobes

lanceolate, subacute, 3°5 mm. long. Anthers exserted beyond the tips

of the corolla lobes. Acnen es compressed, obovate, 5 mm. long,

villous with long stiff hairs from near the base. Pappus straw-

coloured, 1 cm. long.—Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 633; DC. Prodr.

308 Annals of the South African Museum.

v. 859; Harv. in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. ii.101. P. microphylla,

DC. Prodr. v. 359.

Disrris.—Little Namaqualand to Worcester and through the

Karroo to Colesberg :

Little Namaqualand; Karoechas, [September, Schlechter, 11394;

Vanrhynsdorp; Bushmanns Karoo, 3000-4000 ft., Drege ad; Cal-

vinia; Blauwkrantz Pass, December, Pearson, 4976! Upper

Roggeveld above Blauwkrantz Pass, December, Pearson, 4973! Ceres ;

between Hottentot’s Kloof and Karroo Poort, November, Pearson,

4808! Sutherland; in the Roggeveld near Jackhal’s Fontein, South

of Sunderland, August, Burchell, 1328! between Kuilenberg and Great

Riet River, August, Burchell, 1859! Laingsburg; Matjesfontein,

October, MacOwan, 1885! Prince Albert ; Glover, 2639! Fraserburg ;

between Karree River and Klein Quaggas Fontein, near Fraserberg,.

August, Burchell, 1410-2! 1425! Willowmore; between the Zwart

Berg and Aasvogel Berg, 2000 ft., August, Drege a! Graaff Reinet ;

near Graaff Reinet, August, Bolus, 614! 669! Somerset; Vogel

River, MacOwan, 1604! Murraysburg; Tyson, 221; Worcester :

Hex River near De Doorns, Bolus, 13124!; near Louw’s Railway

Station, Bolus, 5970; Beaufort West: Nieuwveldt above Beaufort

West, Marloth, 4752! Richmond: On the flats at Vlakplaats, Bolus,

13781! Colesberg; Shaw! South Africa, without locality, Masson!

32. P. mucronata, DC. Prodr. v. 362.

A low, much-branched shrub 1-2 ft. high; branchlets twiggy, short,

vlabrous. Leaves opposite, shortly connate at the base, linear, ericoid,

flat or concave above, rounded below, obtuse, 2-8 mm. long, nearly

1 mm. thick, with serrulate-ciliolate margins. Heads solitary, terminal.

cylindric, acute at the base, 1-5-2 cm. long, about 7 mm. in diameter,

Involucral bracts 6—7-seriate; the outermost broadly ovate, about

3 mm. long; the innermost oblong-linear, about 1 cm. long; all

membranous and _ straw-coloured, with mucronate recurved tips,

glabrous except the jagged ciliate margins. Receptacle flat, honey-

combed. Corolla 1 cm. long, sparingly glandular; lobes lanceolate,

subobtuse, 1°75 mm. long. Anthers 4 mm. long, acute. Achenes 4 mm.

long, densely villous. Pappus 1 cm. long, bright yellow.—Harv. in

Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. i. 106. P. Dinteri, S. Moore in Bull. Herb.

Boiss. Ser. IT. iv. 1012.

Disrris.—Hereroland ; South border of the Etosa depression, Dinter,

739! Bushmanland; Bitterfontein, April, Zeyher, 817! about 8 miles

from Bitterfontein, Pearson, 3419! Graaff Rein t; in the plains near

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae). 309

Graaff Reinet; 2700 ft., June, Bolus, 600! Jansenville; Zwart

Ruggens Range, 2000-3000 ft., August, Drége! South Africa; with-

out precise locality, Arnott !

P. callosa, DC., which is unknown to us, may be the same as this

species. It was collected on the Zwart Ruggens by Drége.

sia, JE tricephala, DC. Prodr. v. 359.

A small branched shrub. Branches glabrous or very minutely

scaberulous, viscid. Leaves opposite, almost free from each other at

the base, linear-trigonous, acute and hooked pointed at the apex,

0-5-1:2 em. long, glabrous or slightly scabrous on the margin, viscid.

Heads 5-flowered, asually ternate, rarely solitary, narrowly obconic>

13-15 cm. long, about 5 mm. in diameter. Involucral bracts 6—7-

seriate, lanceolate, acute or subacute, distinctly keeled near the apex,

glabrous, with membranous margins, very finely ciliate. Receptacle

flat, honeyecombed, hardly fimbriate. Corolla 8°5 mm. long, glabrous ;

lobes linear-oblong, subacute, 2 mm. long. Filaments inserted at the

base of the corolla tube, 7 mm. long, filiform; anthers 3°5 mm. long,

linear, lanceolate and subacute at the apex. Style 9°5 mm. long,

terete; branches 4 mm. long, linear, acute. Achenes obovate-oblong,

2°5 mm. long, densely hairy. Pappus pale straw-coloured, a little

longer than the corolla.—Harv. in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. i. 101.

Distrip.—Graaff Reinet ; Sneeuwbergen, 4500 ft., November, Bolus,

2038! Fraserburg; Nieuweveld, Drége! Wodehouse; Stormberg,

December, Sim! Middelburg; Middelburg Road Railway Station,

November, 4000 ft., Flanagan, 1387! Orange River Colony; near

Boshof, October, McLea in Herb. Bolus, 5672!

Section IV. GLABRATAE.

34. P. heterocarpa, DC. Prodr. v. 364.

Stems decumbent, rooting at the nodes, glabrous or very minutely

puberulous ; branches erect, up to 8 cm. long, terete, with smooth

reddish-brown bark. Leaves opposite, shortly connate at the base,

linear, obtuse, 3—-3°5 cm. long, 2-3 mm. broad, fleshy, glabrous, densely

woolly-villous within the basal sheath. Heads 25—30-tlowered, solitary,

terminal, broadly campanulate, 1-5-2 cm. long, nearly 2 cm. in diameter.

Involueral bracts 3—4-seriate ; the outermost resembling the leaves and

scaly outside, oblong-lanceolate, rounded at the apex, about 7 mm. long,

with very broad membranous margins, gradually increasing in length

upwards ; the innermost about 1°5 em. long and more or less of the

same shape as the outer; all glabrous. Receptacle small and convex.

310 Annals of the South African Musewm.

Corolla-tube gradually widened upwards, 8 mm. long, glabrous; lobes

lanceolate, subacute, 25-3 mm. long. Anthers slightly exserted.

Achenes obovate, 3°5 mm. long, long-pilose with rather stiff hairs from

near the base. Pappus 1 em. long, reddish-brown when dry.—Harv.

in Harv. & Sond. FI. Cap. i. 108.

Distrip.—Vanrhynsdorp ; on dry stone hills near Ebenezer, below

500 ft., November, Dreye! Zout River, 600 m., July, Schlechter,

8148! Clanwilliam; Kareebergen, 800 ft., August, Schlechter, 8167,

partly! (This specimen was mixed with Senecio in Herb. Bolus.)

35. P. fasciculata, Linn. ft. Suppl. 357.

A bush 1-2 ft. high; branches ascending. opposite or whorled,

stout, subspinulose with the closely-arranged old persistent leaf-bases,

glabrous. Leaves crowded, closely imbricate, opposite, lanceolate-

linear, acutely acuminate, 2-4 em. long, 2-5 mm. broad, narrowly

keeled below, flat and with a slightly impressed midrib above, rigidly

coriaceous, glabrous, sometimes minutely scabrid on the margins, often

viscid. Heads 1-flowered, crowded into a dense capitate cluster

2-4 cm. in diameter at the ends of the branches, narrow, compressed,

about 1:8 em. long and 38 mm. in diameter. Involuecral bracts about

6-seriate, the outermost lanceolate, about 5 mm. long, keeled, the

innermost linear, 15cm. long, all acute, scaly-membranous, glabrous.

Receptacle very small. Corolla 1 em. long, ribbed near the base,

glabrous ; lobes lanceolate, subacute, 2 mm. long. Anthers 4 mm

long, acute. Achenes 4 mm. long, shortly and densely villous with

soft white hairs, glandular. Pappus about 9 mm. long, whitish.—

DC. Prodr. v. 360; Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docum. 75; Harv.

in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. i. 103.

Disrrip.—Clanwilliam to Robertson and Prince Albert :

Clanwilliam; near Ezels Bank, Ceder Bergen, 4000-5000 ft.,

December, Drege! Worcester; Hex River Valley, Rehmann, 2752!

January, 2500 ft., Bolus, 5199! Brand Vlei, 1000 ft., January,

Schlechter, 9928! Robertson; Karroo, near Kogmans Kloof, Novem-

ber, 1000-1400 ft., Mund, 188! Prince Albert; Zwart Bergen,

December, Bolus, 11520! South Africa; without precise locality,

Thom, 458! Ecklon and Zeyher, 141! 243! Masson

36. P. uncinata, DC. Prodr. v. 357.

A shrub. Branches glabrous, suleate, with brown bark. Leaves

opposite or 3 in a whorl, acicular, acute, about 1 cm. long, furrowed

above, convex beneath, with hooked recurved apices, free from each

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae). dll

other at the base, glabrous, often viscid. Heads stalked, densely

corymbosed, 4—-5-flowered, obconic, a little over 1 cm. long. Involucral

bracts 4-5-seriate; the outer ovate-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate,

obtuse; the innermost linear-lanceolate, subacute, glabrous, often

greenish when dry, scaly-membranous. Receptacle small, very deeply

honeycombed. Corolla cylindric below, expanded above, 8 mm. long ;

lobes lanceolate, subobtuse, glabrous. Anthers 2°75 mm. long.

Achenes oblong-obconic, 2°5 mm. long, finely villous. Pappus white,

8-9 mm. long, equalling the corolla.—Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr.

Docum. 109; Harv. in Harv. & Sond. FI. Cap. 11. 99. P. verticillata,

DC. Prodr. v. 357.

Disrrip.—Mostly near the sea-shore from Clanwilliam to Malmes-

bury and in the Riversdale Division :

Clanwilliam; Lange Valley, below 1000 ft., July, Dir?ge! Verloren

Valley, near the sea-shore, Wallich! Piquetberg; St. Helena Bay,

Torner in Herb. Rudge! Without collector in Herb. Foster! Malmes-

bury ; Coenradenberg, near Hopefield, March, Bachmann, 490! and

in Herb. Bolus, 6242! Saldanha Bay, Grey! Riversdale; Stille Bay,

June, Muir, 441! Muir in Herb. Galpin, 5220! Centlivers in Herb.

Bolus !

37. P. baccharoides, Less. Syn. Comp. 196.

A much-branched erect bush 1-2 ft. high; branches glabrous.

Leaves alternate linear-trigonous, acute or subacute, 0°7—1 cm. long,

flat or slightly concave above, keeled below, glabrous. Heads crowded

at the ends of the branchlets, 3-flowered, shortly pedunculate, obconic,

about 1 cm. long; peduncle 6-7 mm. long, glabrous, bearing small

linear bracts, rarely nearly naked. Involucral bracts 6-seriate ; the

outermost small and lanceolate; the innermost narrowly lanceolate,

subacute, all scaly-membranous and glabrous, with a little thicker

brownish midrib, straw-coloured. Receptacle very small, very deeply

honeycombed. Corolla 9 mm. long, slightly swollen in the middle,

elabrous; lobes linear, 4mm. long. Anthers a little exserted beyond

the tips of the lobes. Achenes turbinate, scarcely 2 mm. long,

appressed villous. Pappus 8 mm. long, straw-coloured.—DC. Prodr.

y. 357; Harv. in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 98. P. acerosa, DC.

Prodr: v. 357.

Distris.—Kynsna eastwards to Albany :

Knysna; near Plettenberg Bay, Mund, 80! Uniondale; Longe

Kloof, between Haarlem and Avontuur, March, Burchell, 5009!

Humansdorp; between Kromme River and Gamtoos River, below

1000 ft., April, Drége! Kromme River, Harvey. 914! Bowie! Bun-

Bile Annals of the South African Museum.

bury, 231! Uitenhage; on Vanstadensberg, near to Galgebosch,

February, Burchell, 4721! Plains of Uitenhage, Bowie! Without

precise locality, Cooper, 1509! Port Elizabeth; Algoa Bay, Forbes!

Cooper, 2615! Kennedy, 321! Galpin, 6356! Near Port Elizabeth,

West, 255! Albany, Alexander Near Grahamstown, Bolton! Bolus,

1630! MacOwan, 148! Schlechter, 2650! Miss Bowker ! Assaga-

bosch, Zeyher, 914! Soutars Post, near Tea Fontein, Burchell, 3494!

South Africa; without precise locality, Zeyher, 2770! Mund and

Maire! Hooker! Ecklon and Zeyher, 254! 255! Masson.

38. P. paniculata, Thunb. Prodr. Fl. Cap. 143.

A scrubby bush; branches glabrous; internodes 1-5 mm. long.

Leaves opposite, connate and encircling the branchlet for about 5 mm.

at the base, linear, with recurved subobtuse apices, very slightly

concave and distinctly l-nerved on the upper surface, very convex on

the lower surface, 1°5-2 cm. long, 1-5-2 mm. broad, fleshy, glabrous

and usually more or less viscid. Heads crowded and several at the

apex of each branchlet, very narrowly turbinate, obtuse in the bud

stage, 1 cm. long, 3 mm. in diameter in the middle, 1—4-flowered.

Involucral bracts 4-seriate ; the outermost ovate-oblong, obtuse, 2°5 mm.

long, about 1:25 mm. broad, rigidly paleaceous, with a very narrow

minutely jagged hyaline margin; the innermost series oblanceolate,

obtuse, 8 mm. long, 2 mm. broad, with rather narrow hyaline margins.

Receptacle about 1:25 mm. in diameter. Corolla ribbed, 5 mm. long,

glabrous ; lobes lanceolate, subacute, 15 mm. long. Anthers not

exserted beyond the tips of the corolla-lobes. Achenes 2°5 mm. long,

contracted at the top, long-villous. Pappus white, a little shorter

than the corolla.—Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 629; Harv. in Harv. &

Sond. Fl. Cap. i. 102. P. flewicaulis, DC. Prodr. v. 360, not of Linn.

f.; Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docum. 71, 109, 214.

Disrrip.— Little Namaqualand to Worcester, eastward to Albany :

Little Namaqualand; Wyley! Spektakel, Morris! Ookiep, Scully,

in Herb. Norm. Austro.-Afric., 256! 1166! Modderfontein, Whitehead !

Vanrhynsdorp; Ebenezer, on dry stony heights, below 500 ft.,

November, Drege! Calvinia; Moedverloven, on stony dry heights,

1500-2000 ft., December, Drege! Ceres; between Karroo Poort and

Zoutpansdrift, November, Pearson, 5017! Worcester; Touw’s River

Railway Station, December, Bolus, 5198! 1046! Worcester, Rehmann,

2625! Matjesfontein, Marloth, 703! Brand Vlei, January, Schlechter,

9937 partly! Swellendam; December, Pappe! MacOwan, 32638;

Oudtshoorn; Robinson Pass, January, Bolus, 1629! Somerset;

Bruintjeshoojte, MacOwan, 449! Uitenhage; Zwartkops River,

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae). 315

November, Zeyher, 2772! Ecklon and Zeyher, 404! 814! Uitenhage,

Alexander! foot of Elandsberg, Wallich! Port Elizabeth; Redhouse,

November, Mrs. Paterson, 925! West, 208! Alexandria; near Coerney

Station, January, Bolus! along the Bushman’s River by Rautenbach’s

Drift, November, Burchell, 4209! Albany; Hounslow Farm, near

Grahamstown, August, Galpin, 159a! Slaag Kraal, Burke! South

Africa; without precise locality, Zeyher, 814! Mund! Thom, 252!

39. P. fastigiata, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 629.

Branches finely spinulose with the appressed persistent bases of the

connective between the leaf-bases, glabrous. Leaves opposite, connate

and sheathing at the base for about 3 mm., ericoid, rounded at the

apex, convex below, concave above, 3-5 mm, long, slightly curved,

fleshy, glabrous. Heads 4-flowered, solitary or rarely in pairs or

threes, narrowly cylindric, 1:2-1'5 cm. long, 4-5 mm. in diameter

across the middle. Involucral bracts 6—7-seriate ; the outermost ovate-

triangular, about 1°5 mm. long; the innermost linear-lanceolate, about

1 em. long, all subacute and greenish when dry, shortly and rather

densely ciliate. Receptacle very small. Corolla 1 em. long, gradually

widened upwards, glabrous; lobes linear-lanceolate, 4 mm. long.

Anthers not exserted beyond the tips of the corolla lobes. Achenes

3 mm. long, densely appressed-villous. Pappus straw-coloured, 8 mm

long.—P. paniculata var. fastigiata, Harv. in Harv. & Sond, Fl. Cap.

ui, 103; P. decumbens, Banks ex S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1900, 156.

Disrris.—Little Namaqualand ; 15 miles north of Alewyns Fontein,

3200 ft., December, Pearson, 3925! near Nieuwefontein, December,

Pearson, 3349! near Daunabis, December, Pearson,6119! Worcester ;

in plain near Touw’s River Railway Station, December, Bolus, 7439 ;

South Africa; without locality, Thunberg!

40. P. cylindracea, DC. Prodr. v. 363.

Branches covered with grey glabrous bark; young branchlets rather

densely leafy, slender, glabrous. Leaves clustered or the upper ones

scattered, opposite, free from each other at the base, ericoid, flat or

grooved above, semiterete below, with recurved hooked tips, 5-6 mm.

long, 1 mm. thick, fleshy, glabrous, sometimes viscid. Heads about

5-flowered, elongated, cylindric, 2-2°5 cm. long, about 6 mm. in

diameter. Involucral bracts slightly increasing in length upwards,

about 7-seriate; the outermost oblong orbicular, closely imbricate,

about 5 mm. long; the innermost linear-oblong, 1°5 cm. long, 4 mm.

broad, all chaffy-membranous, straw-coloured, glabrous, with very

thin jagged margins. Receptacle very small. Corolla 1:3 em. long,

314 Annals of the South African Museum.

narrowly cylindric in the lower half of the tube, suddenly widened in

the upper half; lobes linear-lanceolate, subacute, 4 mm. long.

Anthers exserted, 5 mm. long. Achenes narrow, 5 mm. long, thinly

pilose. Pappus 1 em. long, straw-coloured.—Harv. in Harv. & Sond.

Fl. Cap. ui. 106.

Disrris.—Carnarvon ; Butffel’s Bout, September, Burchell, 1603 !

41. P. flexicaulis, Linn. f. Suppl. 355.

Branches terete, glabrous, internodes 0°5-1 em. long. Leaves

opposite, connate and sheathing at the base for about 1 cm. long,

acicular, obtuse, often viscid, with recurved tips, 3-7 em. long, about

15 mm. broad, subterete, with a groove on both sides, glabrous.

Heads usually 3 together at the apex of the shoot, shortly peduncu-

late, oblong-obovoid, 2-2°5 em. long. Involucral bracts 5—6-seriate,

gradually increasing in length upwards; the outermost oblong- or

ovate-elliptic, about 4 mm. long, rounded at the apex; the innermost

linear, subacute, up to 1:8 em. long, all chaffy and straw-coloured,

glabrous. Receptacle flat, 4-5 mm. in diameter, honeycombed and

setose. Corolla ribbed, 1°5 em. long; lobes linear-lanceolate, obtusely

acuminate, 2 mm. long. Anthers 5 mm. long. Achenes narrowly

obovoid, 4-5 mm. long, thinly villous and finely glandular. Pappus

up to about 7 mm. long, brownish straw-coloured.—Thunb. FI. Cap.

ed. Schult. 629; DC. Prodr. v. 360 Harv. in Harv. & Sond. FI. Cap.

ii. 102. P. connata, DC. Prodr. v. 360.

Distris,— Worcester; Witteberg Range, near Matjesfontein, Reh-

mann, 2922! Matjesfontein Railway Station, December, Galpin, 4117!

Beyond the Hex River, Rehmann in Herb. Bolus, 5673! Hex River

Valley, Groote Tafelberg, Rehmann, 2751! Gauritz River, December,

Ecklon and Zeyher, 245! Oudtshoorn, Robinson Pass, Taylor in

Harb. Bolus, 10712! South Africa, without precise locality, Thom,

230! 383! Masson! Burtt Davy, 12662!

Var. minor, 8. Moore in Journ. Linn. Soe. xxxv. 325,

Leaves less than 1 em. long. Heads about 1°3 cm. long. |

Distrip.—Ceres ; in the Karroo at Verkerde Vlei, Rehmann, 2843 !

42. P. leucoclada, Ture. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose. xxiv. 1851, 11. 65.

A rigid shrub, 1-2 ft. high. Branches divaricate, covered with

white and smooth bark. Leaves scattered, alternate, sometimes tufted,

club-shaped, obtuse, narrowed to the base, 1-7 mm. long, fleshy,

glabrous. Heads about 20-flowered, terminal, solitary at the end of

almost naked twigs, obconic, 1-1°5 cm. long, nearly 1 cm.in diameter.

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae). 315

Receptacle flat, honeycombed, the walls of the cells fimbriated.

Involucral bracts 6—8-seriate, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, long-

acuminate, very acute, glabrous, keeled, with membranous margins.

Corolla 5°5 mm. long, tubular; lobes unequal, triangular-lanceolate,

subacute, about 1 mm. long. Stamens inserted at the base of the

corolla ; filaments 2°5 mm. long, linear. Anthers 2°5 mm. long, linear,

lanceolate and acute at the apex. Style 5 mm. long, terete, narrowed

at the base; style-branches 1 mm. long, linear, acute, papillose.

Achenes 2 mm. long, densely villous. Pappus 6 mm. long.—Harv.

in Harv. & Sond. FI. Cap. i. 105.

Distrrs.—Bushmanland; Bitterfontein, Zeyher, 811.

43. P. acuminata, DC. Prodv. v. 361.

A small shrub, branches grey, terete, glabrous. Leaves alternate

or very rarely nearly opposite, oblanceolate, slightly mucronate, 1-2 em.

long, 5-8 em. broad, flat, entire, coriaceous-fleshy, glabrous, 1-nerved.

Heads solitary, terminal, pedunculate, turbinate when young and rather

acute, tubular when open, 2°5 cm. long. Involucral bracts gradually

increasing in length upwards; the outermost lanceolate, about 4mm.

long and 2 mm. broad ; the innermost linear or linear-lanceolate, 2 cm.

long ; all very acutely acuminate, 1-nerved, thin, with membranous

margins, and very shortly puberulous outside. Receptacle slightly

convex, 4 mm. in diameter, honeyeombed. Corolla 1°38 mm. long ;

lobes lanceolate, subacute, 2 mm. long. Achenes 4 mm. long, villous

with long appressed hairs. Pappus 1:5 em. long, straw-coloured.—

Harv. in Harv. & Sond. FI. Cap. iii. 105. P. carnosa, Muschler in Engl.

Bot. Jahrb. xlvi. 95, 97. P. Feddeana, Muschler in Fedde, Repert.

1x. 384.

Distris.—Great Namaqualand; Luderitz Bay, January, Dinter,

1026! Damaraland; Berseba, August, von Trotha, 129! Schultze, 406 !

Carnarvon ; Karel Kriegers Grave, between the Karmee Bergen and

Buffels Bout, September, Burchell, 1587.

44. P. scariosa, Linn. f. Suppl. 356.

A shrub 2-3 ft. high; branches flexuous, glabrous. Leaves alter-

nate, obovate or oblong-obovate, rounded at the apex, about 5 mm.

long and 2 mm. broad, thick and coriaceous, glabrous. Heads soli-

tary, terminal, subeampanulate, nearly 2 em. long, about 1:8 cm. in

diameter, 14 flowered. Involucral bracts about 6-seriate; the outer-

most much smaller than the others, broadly ovate, subacutely mucro-

nate, 35 mm. long, 2 mm. broad, broadly keeled, with membranous

316 Annals of the South African Museum,

hyaline margins, glabrous, remaining bracts gradually larger; the

innermost series narrowly elongate-oblong, strongly keeled, with the

keel produced at the apex beyond the broadly membranous slightly

jagged margins, about 1°5 cm. long and 4 mm. broad, glabrous.

Receptacle flat, slightly jagged, about 3 mm. in diameter. Corolla

tube 8 mm. long, glabrous, strongly 5-ribbed for 2°5 mm. long at the

base, the remaining upper portion cylindric ; lobes linear-lanceolate,

subacute, 2 mm. long, with reddish-brown margins when dry. Anthers

4-5 mm. long, acute. Achenes 4 mm. long, long-villous with ascending

hairs, contracted at the top into a short glabrous neck. Pappus

reddish-brown when dry, 1:3 em. long, inserted on a distinct annulus,

—Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 633; DC. Prodr. v. 361; Harv. in

Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. i. 104.

Distris.—Bushmanland ; near Nieuwfontein, December, Pearson,

3409! Little Namaqualand; Silver Fontein, near Ookiep, 2000 ft.,

September—October, Drége! South Africa, without precise locality,

Paterson in Herb. Forsyth !

45. P. aspalatha, DC. Prodr. v. 356.

A weak shrub; branches divaricate, leafy, slender, sulcate,

reddish-brown, slightly puberulous towards the apex, glabrous

below. Leaves alternate, linear-oblanceolate, obtuse, 0°5-1°5 em. long,

1-5-2 mm. long, thick and coriaceous, glabrous, entire or rarely with

a single lateral tooth on each margin. Heads solitary at the end

of the shoots, subcampanulate, about 1:5 em. long and as much in

diameter. Involucral bracts 3-4-seriate ; the outermost oblong-linear,

subacute, 3 mm. long; the innermost oblong-lanceolate, acutely

acuminate, 7 mm. long, membranous, slightly puberulous outside.

Receptacle convex, about 4°5 mm. in diameter, honeycombed. Corolla

7 mm. long, cylindric and puberulous below, slightly widened in the

upper third ; lobes 0°8 mm. long, triangular, obtuse. Anthers 2 mm.

long, much exserted, subobtuse. Achenes slightly obliquely oblong,

-appressed-villous, 3°5 mm. long. Pappus about 8 mm. long, slightly

exceeding the corolla, yellowish-white.—Harv. in. Harv. & Sond.

Fl. Cap. i. 98.

Distris.—Fraserburg ; between the Karree River and Klein Quaggas

Fontein, near Fraserburg, August, Burchell, 1427

46. P. glaucescens, DC. Prodr. v. 357.

A small shrub with rather straggly elongated branchlets ; branchlets

with light-coloured bark, slightly pubescent when young. Leaves

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae). 317

tufted, or when scattered alternate, linear or subspathulate-linear,

obtuse at the apex, narrowed to the base, 0°5-1'5 cm long, 1-2 mm.

broad, fleshy, glabrous, nerveless. Heads few, solitary, terminal,

subcampanulate, about 1-4 em. long, lem. in diam. Involucral bracts

4-seriate; the outermost linear-lanceolate, acute or subobtuse, about

2mm. long; the innermost linear, subobtuse, about 8 mm. long and

1:75 mm. broad, scaly membranous, shortly ciliate, otherwise glabrous.

Receptacle convex, 2°5 mm. in diameter, reticulate. Corolla 6 mm.

long; tube gradually widened upwards, slightly angular, glabrous ;

lobes triangular, scarcely 1 mm. long. Achenes narrow, 4 mm. long,

shortly villous. Pappus 5 mm. long, yellowish white.—Harv. in

Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 98.

Distris.—Victoria West; Nieuwveld, between Brak River and

Uitvlugh, 3000-4000 ft., December, Drége, a! and b! Near Fraser-

burg, Bolus, 1031! Middelburg: near Middelburg Road Railway

Station, Flanagan, 1888! Graaff Reinet; near Graaff Reinet, March,

Bolus, 1822!

47. P. ciliata, Thunb. Prodr. 144.

A scrubby bush up to 4 ft. high, branchlets short, terete, slightly

puberulous. Leaves alternate, linear, obtuse, 2-7 mm. long, concave

and with a prominent midrib above, keeled below, thick and fleshy,

glabrous. Heads terminal, solitary, more or less narrowly oblong-

ellipsoid, contracted at the top, 15-2 em. long, 6-7 mm. in diameter.

Involucral bracts closely pressed together, 7—10-seriate, densely ciliate ;

the outer ovate and gradually passing into the leaves ; the innermost

linear, about 1:2 em. long; all obtuse and rigidly scaly, with a faint

but distinct midrib on the back, yellow or yellowish green. Receptacle

deeply concave, 5 mm. in diameter, fimbriate-honeycombed. Corolla

about 1 cm. long, glabrous; lobes linear-lanceolate, acute, 3 mm.

long, green? Achenes 3 mm. long, densely silky-villous. Pappus

5 mm. long, brownish-yellow.—Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 632; DC.

Prodr. v. 359; Harv. in Harv. & Sond. FI. Cap. iii. 102. P. turbinata,

DC. lc. 362; Harv. lc. 106. P. ciliata, vars. Thunbergii and Ecklonis,

Harv. l.c. 102.

Distris.—Bushmanland and Little Namaqualand to Clanwilliam :

Little Namaqualand ; Steinkopf, Schlechter,43! Specktakel, Morris

in Herb. Bolus, 5674!; between Steinkopf and the Orange River, October,

Phillips, 1596! between Kook Fontein and Holgat River, 1000-

2000 ft., September—October, Drége! O’okiep, Scully in Herb. Norm.

Austro-Afric., 1167! near Nieuwfontein, December, Pearson, 3350!

318 Annals of the South African Museum.

3353! north of Alewyn’s Fontein, December, Pearson, 3313! 3926!

3929! Kopjeskraal, December, Pearson, 3890! Grauwater, December,

Pearson, 3268! near Ougrabies, Pearson, 8572! Upper slopes above

Daunabis, December, Pearson, 6119! Bushmanland ; Kweekfontein,

January, Pearson, 3820! 3821! LHenriet, January, Pearson, 3094!

Sandy plains near Groot Roggebosch, Pearson, 3842! Valley below

Nieuwe Rust, December, Pillans, 5490! Vanrhynsdorp; Ebenezer,

on dry stony hills below 500 ft., November, Drege! Clanwilliam ;

Ramskop, Leipoldt, 503! South Africa; without precise locality,

Masson !

De Candolle’s type of P. turbinata is an exact match of Thunberg’s

specimen of P. ciliata; both have the long leaves which were given

as the difference between the two species; the shorter-leaved form

represented by Harvey’s var. Hcklonis does not seem worthy of

varietal distinction.

48. P. trigona, Phillips, n. sp.

Ramuli glabri, dense foliati. Folia alternata, trigona vel lineari-

subteretia, apice subacuta, 0°7-1'3 em. longa, carnosa, glabra. Capitula

circiter 12-flora, solitaria, sessilia, 1-1°3 em. longa, circiter 1 em. lata,

oblonga vel obovoidea. Bracteae involucri 5—6-seriatae ; extimae ovato-

oblongae ; intimae lanceolato-lineares, apice obtusae, glabrae, mar-

ginibus angustis membranaceis. Corolla 1 em. longa, inferne dilatata ;

lobi 6, lineari-lanceolati, apice subobtusi, 3 mm. longi. Filamenta

3°75 mm. longa, filiformia; antherae 3°5 mm. longae, lineares, apice

acutae. Stylus 1:2 cm. longus, teres, basi angustatus ; lobi 3°5 mm.

longi, lineares, acuminati, apice acuti, papillosi. Achaenia oblonga,

1:2 mm. longa, villosa. Pappus ad 8 mm. longus, fulvus.

Branches glabrous, densely leafy. Leaves alternate, trigonous or

linear-subterete, subacute, 0°7-1°3 em. long, fleshy, glabrous. Heads

about 12-flowered, solitary, sessile, 1-13 em. long, about 1 em. in

diameter, oblong or obovoid. Involucral bracts 5—6-seriate ; the outer

ovate-oblong; the inner lanceolate-linear, obtuse, glabrous, with

narrow membranous margins. Corolla 1 em. long, dilated below the

middle ; lobes 6, linear-lanceolate, subobtuse, 3 mm. long. Stamens

inserted in the dilated portion; filaments 3°75 mm. long, filiform ;

anthers 3°5 mm., long, linear, acute. Style 1:2 cm. long, terete,

narrowed below; branches 3°5 mm. long, linear, acuminate, acute,

papillose on the margin and back. Achenes oblong, 12 mm. long,

villous. Pappus up to 8 mm. long, brownish-yellow.

Distris.— Uitenhage; at the top of Vanstadensberg, 1000 ft.,

A revision of the genus Pteronva (Compositae). 319

January, MacOwan, 1072! Port Elizabeth: between Krakakamma

and the upper part of Leadmine River, February, Burchell, 4577 !

Albany ; tops of mountains at Howison’s Poort, 230 ft., MacOwan !

49. P. Rangei, Muschler in Engler. Jahrb. xlvi. 96.

A shrub 2 ft. high ; branchlets whitish, glabrous. Leaves crowded,

probably alternate, subterete, obtuse, about 1 cm. long and 1°25 mm.

thick, strongly warted when dry, otherwise glabrous. Heads solitary,

terminal subcampanulate, 1-4 em. long, nearly 1 cm. across the top,

Involucral bracts 5-seriate; the outer mostly oblong-lanceolate ; the

innermost linear-lanceolate, 1 em. long; all with recurved apices, and

with a thick glandular midrib, glabrous. Corolla yellow, 8 mm. long ;

tube pubescent, strongly ribbed in the lower two-thirds, contracted at

the apex ; lobes linear-lanceolate, subacute, 1-5 mm. long. <Achenes

oblong, appressed-villous, 3 mm. long. Pappus white, 8 mm. long.

Distris.—Great Namaqualand ; Tafelberg, October, 4800 ft., Range,

A 26!

50. P. tennifolia, DC. Prodr. v. 363

Stem simple or subsimple, arising from a rhizome, up to 1 ft. high,

slender, angular, glabrous, straw-coloured when dry. Leaves opposite,

free and articulating at the base, acicular, acute or subacute, 2—8°5 cm.

long, about 1 mm. thick, warted, otherwise glabrous, the warts giving

a crenulate appearance to the surface. Heads solitary, terminal,

pedunculate, or subsessile, oblong-ellipsoid, 2-2-5 em. long, scarcely

2 em. in diameter across the top of the flowers. Involucral

bracts about 6-seriate, gradually increasing upwards; the outer-

most ovate-oblong, about 4 mm. long and 2:5 mm. broad; the inner-

most broadly linear, 1-5 em. long and about 5 mmm. broad ; all rounded

at the apex, coriaceous, with a broad fleshy keel on the back towards

the apex, very narrowly membranous and finely serrulate on the margin,

glabrous. Receptacle flat, honeycombed, not fimbriate. Corolla

1:3 em. long, glabrous; lobes linear, acute, 5 mm. long. <Anthers

5mm. long. Achenes 5 mm. long, silky-villous with appressed hairs.

Pappus 1 em. long.—Hary. in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. iii. 107. P.

elegans, Sch. Bip. ex Walp. Rep. ii. 970.

Disrris.—Caledon ; near Caledon, Heklon and Zeyher, 142! 244!

between Genadendal and Donker Hoek, March, Burchell, 7932!

Vogelgat, November, Schlechter, 9525! near Hemel en Aarde, without

collector (ex Schultz Bip. l.c.), near Hermanus, December, Kensit in

Herb. Bolus, 13467! Bredasdorp ; near Elim, December, Bolus, 8546 !

320 Annals of the South African Museum.

d1. P. spinulosa, Phillips, n. sp.

Frutex. Rami teretes ; ramuli infra spinulosi, glabri. Folia opposita,

basi connata, subtus carinata, supra concava, apice obtusa, 0-6-1 em.

longa, circiter 4mm. lata, verrucosa, aliter glabra. Capitula plerumque

solitaria, sessilia, angusto-ellipsoidea, 1-5 cm. longa, apice circiter 7 mm.

lata. Bracteae involucri 7-seriatae, imbricatae; extimae oblongae,

2-3 mm. longae; intimae circa 1 cm. longae ; omnes apice obtusae,

coriaceae, marginibus paullo crystallinis, ad apicem carinatae, glabrae,

Leceptaculum planum, alveolatum, fimbriatum. Corolla 6°5 mm. longa.

glabra; lobi 15 mm. longi, angusto-triangulares, apice subobtusi.

Antherae 3 mm. longae. Achaenia 3-4 mm. longa, albo-sericeo-villosa.

Pappus 5 mm. longus, pallidus.

A much-branched woody shrub; main branches terete, glaucous-

grey; leafy branchlets short, with numerous spinules in the lower

part, glabrous. Leaves opposite, connate at the base but not sheathing,

boat-shaped, keeled below, deeply concave above, obtuse, 10°6— em.

long, up to about 4 mm. broad, densely covered with warts when dry,

otherwise glabrous. Heads usually solitary, sessile, narrowly ellipsoid,

15 em. long, about 7 mm. in diameter at the top. Involucral bracts

7-seriate, closely inbricate, gradually increasing in length upwards ;

the outermost oblong, 2-8 mm. long; the innermost nearly 1 em.

long; all obtuse and coriaceous with slightly hyaline margins, with

a broad fleshy darker-coloured keel towards the apex, glabrous.

Receptacle flat, deeply honeycombed, fimbriate. Corolla 6°5 mm. long,

glabrous; lobes 15 mm. long, narrowly triangular, subobtuse. Anthers

3mm. long. Achenes 3-4 mm. long, appressed silky-villous with

whitish hairs. Pappus 5 mm. long, straw-coloured.

Disrris.—Great Namaqualand; Angra Pequena, January, Galpin

& Pearson, 7645! November, Marloth, 4621 !

52. P. suceulenta, Thunb. Prodr. 143.

Branchlets slender, leafy only at the tips, angular, glabrous, brown

when dry. Leaves few, crowded at the apex of the shoots, opposite,

free from each other at the base, linear-trigonous, obtuse, 0°5-1°5 em.

long, densely covered with prominent warts, fleshy, glabrous. Heads

terminal, solitary or three together, pedunculate, campanulate or ovoid,

15 em. long, about 1 em. in diameter. Involucral bracts 4—5-seriate ;

the outermost broadly ovate, about 5 mm. long; the innermost linear-

oblong, 1:3 cm. long; all rounded at the apex, scaly-membranous,

with narrowly membranous margins, glabrous. Receptacle flat, loug-

etose. Corolla nearly 1 cm. long; lobes linear-lanceolate, subacute,

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae).

2 mm. long. Anthers shortly exserted. Achenes 3 mm. long, silky-

villous. Pappus 1 em. long, brownish yellow.—Thunb. FI. Cap. ed.

Schult. 630: DC. Prodr. v. 360; Harv. m Harv. & Sond. FI.

Cap. ui. 102.

DistRis.—Bushmanland ; between Klipplaat and Bitterfontein,

December, Pearson, 3878! Vanrhynsdorp; Ebenezer, on stony hills

below 500 ft., November, Drége! Calvinia; below Bockland and in

Hantum, Thunberg! Oudtshoorn ; ‘The Brook,” near Oudtshoorn,

about 1100 ft., December, Bolus, 11946! South Africa, without

precise locality, Masson !

53. P. glabrata, Linn. f. Suppl. 358.

A bush up to ft. high; branches opposite, brown when dry,

glabrous. Leaves opposite, quite free from each other at the base,

linear, often somewhat falcate, rounded at the apex, 1-2°5 em. long,

2-5-6 mm. broad, flat, l-nerved, fleshy, glabrous, finely longitudinally

wrinkled when dry. Heads terminal, solitary, campanulate, 15-2 em.

long, nearly 2 cm. in diameter. Involucral bracts about 5-seriate,

gradually increasing in size upwards; the outermost broadly ovate,

about 3 mm. long; the imnermost lnear-oblong, 1°5 cm. long, all

rounded at the apex, with narrowly membranous margins, glabrous.

Receptacle flat or slightly concave, honeycombed, and fimbriate, about

8 mm. in diameter. Corolla 1 cm. long, slightly and gradually

widened upwards, glabrous; lobes linear-lanceolate, subacute, 2 mm.

long. Anthers exserted 1:5 mm. from the tips of the lobes. Achenes

35 mm. long, densely appressed silky-villous. Pappus brownish-

yellow, 1 em. long.—Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 680; DC. Prodr.

v. 680; Harv. in. Harv. & Sond. FI. Cap. in. 102. P. sesuviifolia,

DC. Prodr. v. 360; Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docum. 108, 214.

Distris.—Namaqualand; Plaat Klip, December, Pearson, 3284!

without locality, Pearson, 3440! Angra Pequena, January, Galpin and

Pearson, 7652! Little Namaqualand: Rietfonteim, December, Pearson,

3763! Stinkfontein, September, Schlechter,11097! between Steinkopf

and the Orange River, October, Phillips, 1597! Vanrhynsdorp ;

Ebenezer, on stony, dry hills below 500 ft., November, Drége a!

between Holgat River and the Orange River, 1000-5000 ft., September,

Drige d! South Africa, without locality, Ecklon, 76! 258!

54. P. leptospermoides, DC. Prodr. v. 363.

A shrub 2-3 ft. high. Branches glabrous, the young ones often

somewhat glaucous; branchlets opposite. Leaves opposite, 0°9-1°5 em.

O22 Annals of the South African Musewm.

long, 13 mm. broad, linear or oblanceolate-linear, acute or subacute,

narrowed and free at the base, flat or when very narrow almost terete

and club-shaped, whitish woolly pubescent within the base for about

3 mm., otherwise glabrous. Heads about 5—7-flowered, subeylindric,

subacute when young, 2em. long. Involucral bracts few, about 8-seriate,

closely imbricate, lanceolate, obtuse or subacute, concave within,

glabrous. Receptacle flat, honeycombed. Corolla white, pubescent ;

lobes lanceolate, subobtuse, 2°5 mm. long, glabrous. Style-branches

2 mm. long, linear, subacute, papillous on the uppermost third.

Achenes long-pilose from the lower part and pubescent on the remaining

portion. Pappus setae unequal, up to 7 mm. long, reddish.—Drége,

Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docum. 68, 90, 95, 214; Harv. in Harv. & Sond.

Fl. Cap. ii. 107.

Distrip.— Little Bushmanland to Little Namaqualand :

Bushmanland ; Kweekfontein, January, Pearson, 3815! Little

N amaqualand ; between Pedros Kloof and Lelie Fontein, 3,000—

4,000 ft., November, Drege a! Dry hills near Spektakel, September,

Bolus, 420! 6542! Springbokfontein, 3000 ft., September, Schlechter,

11312! Poort Mountain, December, Pearson, 2974! Spektakel,

Morris! without locality, American Rubber Co., 2686 !

55. P. gymnocline, DC. Prodr. v. 359.

Branchlets slender, pale, shghtly ribbed, glabrous. Leaves some-

times in clusters or the lower ones opposite and the upper alternate,

free from each other at the base, linear or subspathulate-linear, obtuse,

keeled 0°5-1 em. long, up to 2 mm. broad, thick and fleshy, minutely

punctate. Heads solitary, terminal, sessile, acutely acuminate in bud,

at length cylindric, 15-2 cm. long, about 6 mm. in diameter. In-

volucral bracts straw-coloured, about 6-seriate ; the outermost passing

eradually into the leaves, oblong-lanceolate, about 2 mm. long; the

innermost linear or oblong-linear, about 1:4 cm. long; all chaffy and

rounded at the apex or obtuse, with a very small mucro shghtly below

the actual apex, quite glabrous. Receptacle flat, about 2°5 mm. in

diameter, deeply honeycombed. Corolla-tube cylindric, ribbed towards

the base, 7 mm. long, glabrous; lobes ovate-lanceolate, subacute,

15 mm. long. Achenes 45 mm. long, densely villous with appressed

yellow hairs. Pappusas long as the corolla, straw-coloured.— Harv. in

Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. 11. 101. P. calvescens, Drége, Zwei Pflanzen-

geogr. Docum. 93, name only.

Distris.—Little Namaqualand; on stony and rocky hills near

Verleptpram, below 1000 ft., September, Drége !

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae). 323

56. P. Pillansvi, Hutchinson, n. sp.

Frutex 30-45 em. altus; ramuli plus minusve viscosi, costati,

glabri. Folia opposita, basi vix connata, linearia vel subspatulato-

linearia, apice obtusa, 1-4 cm. longa, 1°5- 3 mm. lata, crassa carnosaque,

glabra, subtus convexa, supra concava, distincte unicostata ; juniora

maculata. Capitula pluriflora, terminalia, solitaria, sessilia, plus

minusve cylindrica, 2°5-3 cm. longa, supra paullo angusta, in medio

circiter 1 em. lata. Bracteae involucri circiter 6-seriatae ; extimae

oblongo-ellipticae, apice rotundatae, circiter 4 mm. longae; intimae

lato-lineares; omnes paleaceae, marginibus submembranaceis dentato-

cilatis, glabrae. Receptaculum convexum, alveolatum, 5 mm. latum.

Tubus corollae cylindricus, costatus, circa 1 cm. longus, giaber ; lobi

lineari-lanceolati, apice subacuti, 4 mm. longi. Achaenia 6—7 mm.

longa, pilis albis sericeis appresse villosa. Pappus 1 cm. longus,

stramineus.

A bush 30-45 em. high, branchlets more or less viscid, not hairy,

ribbed, brown when dry. Leaves opposite, contiguous but scarcely

connate at the base, hnear, or subspathulate-linear, obtuse, 1-4 cm.

long, 1-5-8 mm. broad, thick and fleshy, finely spotted when young,

soon quite glabrous, convex below, concave and with a distinct midrib

above. Heads several-flowered, terminal, solitary, sessile, more or less

cylindric, 2°5—-3 cm. long, slightly contracted in the upper half, about

1 em.in diameter across the middle. Jnvolucral bracts about 6-seriate ;

the outermost oblong-elliptic, rounded, about 4 mm. long; the inner-

most broadly linear, all chaffy with submembranous jagged-ciliate

margins, otherwise glabrous. Receptacle convex and deeply honey-

combed, 5 mm. in diameter. Corolla-tube cylindric, ribbed, nearly

1 em.. long, glabrous ; lobes linear-lanceolate, subacute, 4 mm. long.

Achenes 6-7 mm. long, appressed-villous with silky white hairs.

Papjpus 1 em. long, very pale yellow.

Distris.—Little Namaqualand ; common from top of pass North of

Garies to Brakdam, December, Pearson & Pillans, 5609! Vanrhyns-

dorp; slope north of and facing Nieuwe Rust, December, Pillans,

5553 !

57. P. oblanceolata, Phillips, n. sp.

Rami glabri. Folia opposita, basi paullo connata, oblanceolata,

apice subacuta, basi attenuata, 1-1°6 cm. longa, 2-3:5 mm. lata, plana,

carnosa, glabra. Capitula 15—-20-flora, sessilia, terminalia, 1°5-2 em.

longa, cirea 1:5 em. lata, obconica. Bracteae involucri 4-seriatae,

ovatae ad lanceolatae, apice obtusae vel subobtusae, glabrae, marginibus

324 Annals of the South African Museum.

latis membranaceis. Corolla 1:2 em. longa, tubulosa, supra paullo

dilatata, glabra; lobi 2 mm. longi, lanceolato-triangulares, apice

obtusi. Filamenta 5 mm. longa, filiformia ; antherae 4 mm. longae,

lineares, apice lanceolatae acutaeque. Stylus 14 em. longus, teres ;

lobi 3°5 mm. longi, lineares, supra paullo dilatati, subacuminati, apice

acuti, papillosi. Achaenia 3°5 mm. longa, oblonga, pilis longis

molliter villosa. Pappus pallidus, circiter 1 cm. longus.

Branches glabrous. Leaves opposite, slightly connate, oblanceolate,

subacute, attenuate at the base, 1-1-6 cm. long, 2-3°5 mm. broad, flat,

fleshy, glabrous. Heads 15-20-flowered, sessile, terminal, 15-2 em.

long, about 1°5 cm. in diameter, obconic. Involucral bracts 4-seriate,

ovate to lanceolate, obtuse or subobtuse, glabrous, with broad mem-

branous margins. Corolla 1:2 cm. long, tubular, somewhat dilated

above, glabrous; lobes 2 mm. long, lanceolate-triangular, obtuse.

Stamens inserted about 2 down the corolla-tube; filaments 5 mm.

long, filiform ; anthers 4 mi. long, linear, lanceolate and acute at the

apex. Style 1-4 cm. long, terete; branches 3°5 mm. long, linear,

slightly dilated above, subacuminate, subacute, papillous on the

dilated and acuminate portion. Achenes 3°5 mm. long, oblong, softly

villous, with long hairs. Pappus light straw-coloured, nearly 1 em. long.

Disrrisp.—Vanrhynsdorp; Klein Kobbis, August, Schlechter, 10980 !

58. P. pallens, Linn. f. Suppl. 357.

A small bush up to 0°6 m. high. Branches glabrous, with greyish-

white bark. Leaves opposite, slightly connate at the base, linear-

acicular, obtuse, with a narrow groove on the upper side, 1-3 cm. long,

about 1 mm. thick, glabrous. Heads 11—12-flowered, solitary, shortly

pedunculate, turbinate-campanulate, about 1:3 em. long. Involucral

bracts about 6-seriate, increasing upwards; the outermost ovate-

elliptic, about 1°5 mm. long; the innermost linear, 7 mm. long, about

1:25 mm. broad; all rounded at the apex and shortly ciliate, slightly

keeled, not membranous. Receptacle flat, 3 mm. in diameter, deeply

honeycombed and rather long-setose. Corolla 8 mm. long, gradually

widened upwards, glabrous ; lobes narrowly triangular, obtuse, scarcely

1 mm. long. Anthers 3 mm. long. Achene 3 mm. long, densely

villous. Pappus ight straw-coloured, 6 mm. long.—Thunb. FI. Cap.

ed Schult. 630; DC. Prodr. v. 359; Harv. in Harv. & Sond. FI. Cap.

i. 101.

Distris.—Calvinia through the Karroo to Prince Albert and

Mossel Bay :

Calvinia; Blauwkrantz Pass, December, Pearson, 4963! near

Schurkraal, December, Pearson, 3075! Ceres; Gansfontein, December,

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae). 325

Pearson, 3990! between Gansfontein and Papekuil, December,

. Pearson, 3981! north of Zoutpansdrift, November, Pearson, 5001!

Griqualand West; near Kimberley, Bolus, 6820! Laingsburg;

Witteberg Range, near Matjesfontein, 2800 ft., February, Rehmann,

2920! and in Herb. Bolus, 5671! Prince Albert; near Prince Albert,

December, Bolus, 11521! Middelburg; Grootfontein, Tyson, 2669 !

Oudtshoorn; Oudtshoorn and Morrass River Drift, December, Bolus,

11949! Oudtshoorn, October, Miss Britten, 72! 111! Mossel Bay ;

Gauritz River, December, Pappe! Eklon and Zeyher, 99,12! George ;

near George, Zeyher! South Africa ; without locality, Niven! Masson !

Herb. Pallas in Herb. Mus. Brit. !

59. P. sordida, N.E. Br. in Kew Bull. 1906, 103.

A small shrub about 0°35 m. high. Branches glabrous, rarely

minutely whitish pubescent, at length becoming glabrous; bark

rough and splitting. Leaves opposite, ericoid, linear or lanceolate-

linear, obtuse, subconnate at the base, 2-6 mm. long, flat above,

rounded beneath, glabrous or very minutely puberulous when young.

Heads about 8-flowered 1-2—-1:4 em. long, obconic. Involucral bracts

7-seriate, closely imbricate, oblong-linear, obtuse, narrowed at the

base, glabrous, with membranous margins. Receptacle small,

fimbriate. Corolla 1-1 cm. long; lobes 2 mm. long, lanceolate, sub-

acute. Stamens inserted about 2 down the tube; filaments 4°5 mm.

long, filiform; anthers, 3°5 mm. long, linear, with a lanceolate acute

apical appendage. Achenes 3°5 mm. long, oblong, densely villous.

Pappus 8-9 mm. long, as long as the corolla, light straw-coloured.

Distris.—Graaff Reinet, near Graaff Reinet, August, Bolus, 614!

Murraysburg, Conway Farm, 3600 ft., August. Gilfillan in Herb.

Galpin, 5527! Murraysburg, June, Tyson, 221!

—

60. P. ambrariifolia, Engl. in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. xxvii. 198.

Branches angular, dark purple when dry, glabrous, branchlets

sulcate, slender. Leaves opposite, free from each other at the base,

linear, trigonous, with obtuse recurved tips, fleshy, glabrous. Heads

terminal, solitary, sessile, about 12-flowered, 1:5 cm. long, 1 cm. in

diameter, narrowly obconic when open. IJnvolucral bracts 5—6-seriate ;

the outermost ovate, about 4 mm. long, gradually increasing upwards ;

the innermost: lanceolate, subobtuse; glabrous except’ the submént

branous minutely ciliate margins. Corolla-tube 9 mm. long, ribbed in

the lower part, gradually widened upwards, glabrous; lobes linear-

lanceolate, subacute, 2°5 mm. long. Anthers linear, with a lanceolate

326 Annals of the South African Museum.

acute apex, 4 mm. long. Achenes 3 mm. long, oblong-obovoid

densely villous. Pappus setae unequal, the longest 8 mm. long,

tawny.

Distris. —Clanwilliam ; Wupperthal, 2500 ft., August, Schlechter,

8786 !

61. P. unguiculata, S. Moore in Bull. Herb. Boiss. Ser. IT, ix. 1012.

A small divaricately branched shrub ; branches pale, shortly jointed,

glabrous Leaves opposite, small and ericoid, somewhat club-shaped,

obtuse, about 4 mm. long, fleshy, glabrous. Heads solitary, obtuse in

bud, subcylindric, nearly 1 cm. long. Involucral bracts yellow, about

6-seriate, broadly truncate and acutely mucronate, entire, somewhat

membranous, glabrous. Corolla glabrous. Achenes villous. Pappus

pale yellow.

Distris.—Great Namaqualand; Gubub, Dinter, 1255! Little Nama-

qualand ; Wolveton on the hills, September, Schlechter, 11440 !

Imperfectly known Species.

62. P. callosa, DC. Prodr. v. 362.

Suffrutexr about 6 in, high, much branched. Leaves linear, thickish,

subobtuse, 10-14 mm. long, scarcely 1 mm. thick, entire, not ciliate,

indistinctly nerved. Heads terminal, solitary, sessile, about 15-.

flowered, 1:5 cm. long. Involucre oval-oblong, pale greenish, more

intensely coloured at the tips of the scales; bracts appressed, deli-

cately and softly ciliate, obtuse and callous at the apex. Corolla

yellow. Achenes very villous, compressed, shortly beaked.

Distrrip.—Jansenville ; Zwartruggens, on the Karroo, Dr?ge.

Unknown to us except from the above description ; perhaps identical

with P. mucronata, DC.

63. P. empetrifolia, DC. Prodr. v. 565.

A very dwarf viscidulous plant about 10 em. high; internodes

scarcely 2 mm. long. Leaves opposite, densely crowded on the short

twigs, spreading, linear, keeled, obtuse, 2-3°5 mm. long, flattish above

or channelled, thick, entire. Heads terminal, solitary, sessile, oblong-

turbinate, many-flowered, 1-4 cm. long. Juvolucral bracts yellowish,

oblong, appressed, obtuse, opaque, horny, with a very narrow ciliate-

lacerate margin. lowers purplish. Achenes villous——Harv. in

Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. i. 108.

Distris.—South Africa; without locality, Drege.

A revision of the genus Pteronia (Compositae). 327

Known to us only from description. The type is in Herb. Sonder.

It is evidently one of the section Glabratae.

Excluded Species.

P. aizoides, Muschler — Pterothamnus Marlothianus, OF

Hoffm.

P. caroliniana, Walt = Liatris squarrosa.

P. chamaepeuce, Spreng. = Cnicus chamaepeuce.

P. * Tenore = ,, gnaphalodes.

P dentata, Spreng. = Pegolettia baccharidifolia, Less.

P. echinata, Thunb. — Aster echinatus, Less.

P. Engleriana, Muschler = Pterothrix Engleriana, Phillips &

Hutchinson, comb. nov.

P. fasciculata, Willd. — Athanasia fasciculata, Harv.

P. marginata, Herb. = Inula Cappa.

P. minuta, Lf. Nestlera humilis, Less.

P, pauciflora, Sims, Helipterum virgatum, DC.

P. Porophyllum, Cav. — Adenophyllum Porophyllum.

P. spinosa, Lf. — Hoplophyllum spinosum, DC.

( 328 )

INDEX TO THE SPECIES.

acerosa : :

acuminata . ; :

acuta 5 :

adenocarpa . ° 5

aizoides ; : ;

ambrariifolia : 5

aspera . : : :

aspalatha . 5 :

baccharoides

beckeoides .

Bolusii, sp. nov.

bromoides

callosa .

calvescens :

camphorata . ¢ :

camphorata var, armata

camphorata var. aspera

camphorata var. laevigata .

camphorata var. longifolia .

eamphorata var. stricta

Candolle , : ‘

canescens

CATROSA

caroliniana

centauroides

chamae peuce -

chrysocomifolia

ciliata : :

ciliata var. Ecklonis

ciliata var. Thunbergti

cinerea.

connata ‘: :

crassifolia. :

cylindracea .

decumbens

dentata F : :

Dinteri , 3 .

divaricata . : ;

PAGE

309,

311

315

286

302

327

325

297

316

311

2938

288

294

326

B22

296

297

298

296

299

289

290

515

327

295

Sou

299

317

S17

317

289

314

297

313

3138

322

308

296

echinata ; : :

Eenii . é : :

elegans . : :

elongata : : ;

empetrifolia

Engleriana . : c

erythrochaeta . 5

fasciculata

Jasciculata

fastigiata .

flexicaulis . F :

flewicaulis

flexicaulis var. minor .

Feddeana

glabrata

elauea .

elaucescens .

elomerata

gymnocline .

gymnocline

heterocarpa .

hirsuta :

hirsuta var. glabra

ineana .

inflexa . :

laricina

latisquama .

leptospermoides

leucoclada

lucilioides . ;

lucilioides var. sparsifolia

lupulina

321

289:

316.

807

322

294

309

304.

305

287

300

297

289

321

314.

293

294.

3801

A revision of the genus Pteronia ( Compositae).

marginata

membranacea

microphylla .

minuta F

Mooreiana, sp. nov.

mucronata

oblanceolata, sp. nov. -

onobromoides

oppositifolia

ovalifolia

pallens

paniculata

paniculata var. fastigiata

paucifiora

Pillansii, sp.10v. .

Porophyllum

punctata, sp. n0v.

quinqueflora

Rangei

retorta

rigida

PAGE

327

292

308

327

303

308

287

SS)

seabra .

seariosa

sesuviifolia -.

sordida.

spinosa

spinulosa, sp. nov.

staehelinoides

stricta .

stricta var. longifolia ‘var. nov.

succulenta .

tenuifoha :

thymifolia

tricephala

trigona, sp. 10v.

tur “binata :

uncinata

undulata

unguiculata

uniflora

utilis, sp. nov.

verticillata .

villosa .

viscosa .

viscosa . ‘

vantholepis .

(330)

14.-A Contribution to the Knowledge of the South African Proteaceae.

No. 3.—By E. P. PHILLIPS, M.A., D.Sc., F.L.S., Assistant.

LEUCADENDRON., R. Bt.

1. L. Deasii, Phillips, sp. nov. (Proteaceae-Proteeae). Rami glabri.

Folia inferioria 5 cm. longa, 15 mm. lata, acicularia, subtus

convexa, supra suleata, apice acuta, glabra ; folia superioria ad

1 em. lata, lanceolato-linearia, lanceolata, vel oblanceolata, apice acuta,

interdum tri-dentata, glabra. Inflorescentia 9 10 cm. longa, 4°5 cm.

lata, ovoidea, apice obtusa. Bracteae 1°5 cm. longae, 2 em. latae,

obovatae, apice rotundae, glabrae. Segmenta perianthii 45 mm. longa,

-5 mm. lata, linearia, hirsuta. Stylus 4°5 mm. longus, linearis, olaber ;

stigma obliquum. Fructus junior niger, 8 mm. longus, 8-9 mm. latus,

orbiculatus, alatus, apice emarginatus, glaber

Karroo Recion: Prince Albert Div., Mountain sides, Zwartberg

Pass, May 24th, Deas in Herb. Musei Austro-Afric. 9031, 9049.

Branches glabrous ; bark light reddish-brown, the epidermis peeling

off in membranous flakes, Leaves of two kinds on the shoots; the

lower 5 cm. long, 1°5 mm. broad, acicular, convex beneath, channelled

above, acute, glabrous ; the upper cradually widening to 1 em. broad

above, linceolate-linear, lanceolate, or oblanceolate, acute, sometimes

3-toothed, glabrous, the uppermost forming a cup at the base of the

female inflorescence. Young female cone 10 em. long, 45 cm. in

diameter, ovoid, obtuse at the apex. Bracts 1:5 em. long, 2 cm. broad

above, obovate, rounded at the apex, glabrous ; the lowermost barren

and green ; the fertile bracts brown. Perianth-segments 4°5 mm. long,

-5 mm. broad, linear, hirsute. Style 4°5 mm. long, linear, glabrous,

broadened above; stigma oblique. Young fruit black, 8 mm. long,

8-9 mm. broad, orbicular, with a membranous wing, broadest and

emarginate round the apex, glabrous.

This species belongs to a group of three species, viz. L. platy-

spermum, L. emulus, and L. Dregei, which has two kinds of leaves on

332 Annals of the South African Museum.

the same shoot It is, however, easily distinguished from them all by

the very large cones. The cone has more the appearance of that of a

Pinus than any other Leucadendron that I know of; unfortunately

I have not seen male specimens.

Named in compliment to Mr. Wm. Deas, J.P., of Cango East,

Oudtshoorn, who collected the species and who is greatly interested in

the flora of his district.

2. L. Dregei, H. Mey. Male inflorescence sessile, solitary, terminal,

clobose, 1 em.in diameter. Involucral brates 1-2-seriate, ovate, acumi-

nate, acute, pubescent, ciliate. Floral bracts 2 mm. long, linear, villous.

Perianth-tube 1-5 mm. long, surrounded at the base with long hairs ;

segments 5 mm. long, spathulate-linear, villous; imb 1 mm. long,

oblong, obtuse, villous. Anthers °5 mm. long, oblong. Style 5 mm.

long, filiform, villous at the base; stigma *75 mm. long, clavate.

SoutH-WeEstERN Reearon: Oudtshoorn Div. Zwartbergen, Cango

Kast, Wm. Deas in Herb, Musei Austro-Afric. 5135.

Karroo Reeion: Prince Albert Div. Zwartberg Pass, Pearson,

CANT

Pearson’s specimen differs from the type in that the leaves are not

acicular but flattened towards the apex.

The above description supplements that given in the ~* Flora

Capensis,’ where the male inflorescence is not described.

3. L. glutinosum, Hutchinson. Branchlets scantily pilose, at length

becoming glabrous. Leaves similar in both sexes, 2°2-4°6 em. long,

55-8 mm. broad, lanceolate, bluntly mucronate at the apex, narrowed

at the base, glabrous. Male heads glol.ose, sessile, 1 em. long, about

1 cm. in diameter, solitary, terminating the branchlets, surrounded by

the upper leaves. Involucral bracts 2-3-seriate, 4°5-5°5 mm. long,

4-5 mm. broad, ovate, obtuse, glabrous, viscid. Floral bracts 5-6 mm.

long, 1 mm. broad, linear or linear-oblong, obtuse, concave, densely

villous on the lower half. Perianth-tube 5 mm. long, 1 mm. broad,

terete, glabrous; segments 4 mm. long, linear, glabrous; limb 2 mm.

long, oblong, obtuse. Anthers 1:1 mm. long, linear. Style about 5 mm.

long, cylindric, with a few long hairs on the lower portion; stigma

2 mm. long, ‘5 mm. broad, cylindric, obtuse. Hypogynous scales

1:5 mm. long, linear. Female inflorescence globose, sessile, solitary at

the ends of the branchlets, 2°5 cm. long, 2°5 em. in diameter. _Bracts

1-2 em. long, 2°2 cm. broad, transversely oblong, densely villous on the

Contribution to the Knowledge of South African Proteaceae 333

lower half, viscid on the upper half. Perianth segments 1:1 cm. long,

-75 mm. broad, linear, villous; limb 1:5 mm. long, oblong, obtuse.

Style 8°5 mm. long, linear, glabrous; stigma oblique, retuse at the

apex. Fruit 7 mm. long, 1:1 cm. broad, transversely ellipsoid, dark

brown in colour, glabrous.

Soura-WesterN Reaton: Clanwilliam Div.) Northern slopes of

Oliphant’s River Valley, opposite Modderfontein, September, Pillans,

P14.

Hitherto this species was only known from the description of

Knight (see ‘Flora Capensis,’ vi, 551) which agrees well with

Pillans’ specimen, and which I have no hesitation in regarding as a

rediscovery of a species, the type of which has been lost to science.

4. L. Pillansii, Phillips, sp. nov. Ramuli badii, pubescentes. Folia ¢

*9-2°7 cm. longa, 3-7 mm. lata; ? 2°7—4 cm. longa, 1-1-4 cm. lata ;

omnia oblanceolata, apice rotunda vel obtusa, basi angustata, glabra

vel raro junioria paullo pilosa. Inflorescentia ¢ 1:2 em. longa, circa

1 em. lata, solitaria, terminaha. Receptaculuwm 4 mm. longum, 2 mm.

latum. Bracteae involucri 3-seriatae, 75-8 mm, longae, 3°5 mm. latae,

ovatae, concavae, acuminatae, apice obtusae, ciliatae, pubescentes.

Bracteae floreae 65 mm. longae, *5 mm. iatae, supra lanceolatae

villosaeque, infra unguiculae. Tuhus perianthii 6 mm. longus, cylin-

dratus, villosus ; segmenta 4 mm. longa, linearia, glabra ; limbus 2 mm.

longus, linearis. Antherae 1:75 mm. longae, lineares. Stylus 9 mim.

longus, in medio villosus; stigma 1:5 mm. longum, cylindratum.

Squamae hypogynae 3°5 mm. longae, hneares. Inflorescentia 2 2 cm.

longa, circa 2 em. lata, globosa, solitaria, terminaha. Receptaculwm

lem. longum,7 mm. latum. Bracteae involucri 2-seriatae, 1°6—-1:7 em.

longae, 5-6 mm. latae, oblongae, acuminatae, apice acutae, ciliatae,

supra albo-pubescentes. Bracteae floreae 9 mm. longae, 2 mm. latae,

concavae, apice obtusae, dense sericeo-pubescentes. Segmenta peri-

anthii 1-1 em. longa, linearia, in medio villosa ; limbus 1°5 mm. longus,

linearis. Squamae hypogynae 2°5 mm. longae, lineares, apice obtusae.

Ovarium 15 mm. longum, globosum, villosum; stylus 9 mm. longus,

linearis, glaber; stigma obliquum. Conus circa 3 cm. longus, globosus,

Bracteae concavae, dense tomentosus, infra villosus. Fructus 8 mm.

longus, supra 9 mm. latus, subglobosus, niger, glaber vel paucis

dispersis pilis.

Soutu WesTERN Rearon: Picquetberg Div., August, Miss Hdwards

in Herb. Bolus; northern slopes of the Oliphant’s River Valley, near

Modderfontein, September, Pillans, 1512,

334 Annals of the South African Museum.

Branchlets pale yellow when fresh, pubescent, those of the female

densely leafy. Leaves of male and female differing in size; those of

the male ‘9-2°7 em. long, 8-7 mm. broad ; those of the female 2°7—4 cm,

long (very rarely less), 1-1'4 em. broad ; all oblanceolate, rounded or

obtuse above, narrowed to the base, glabrous, or sometimes the young

leaves of the female pilose beneath and of the male minutely pubescent

on the narrowed portion. Male inflorescence 1:2 cm. long, about 1 em.

in diameter, solitary, terminal, surrounded by the upper leaves which

are longer than the inflorescence and which gradually merge into three

series of involucral bracts. Receptacle 4 mm. long, 2 mm. broad,

Involucral bracts 7°5-8 mm. long, 3°5 mm. broad, ovate, concave,

acuminate, obtuse, ciliate, pubescent without. Floral bracts 65 mm.

long, ‘5 mm. broad, lanceolate above, narrowed into a long linear claw

below, villous on the lanceolate portion. Perianth-tube 6 mm. long,

cylindric, villous ; segments 4 mm. long, linear, glabrous; limb 2 mm.

long, linear. Anthers 1:75 mm. long, linear. Style 9 mm. long,

filiform-terete, villous on the middle third; stigma 15 mm. long,

cylindric. Hypogynous scales 3°5 mm. long, linear. Female inflor-

escence 2 cm. long, about 2.cm. in diameter, globose, solitary, terminal.

surrounded by the upper leaves which gradually merge into two series

of involucral bracts. Receptacle 1 cm. long, 7 mm. broad. Involucral

bracts 1°6-1-7 em. long, 5-6 mm. broad, oblong, acuminate, obtuse,

greenish and glabrous below, brown and finely albo-pubescent above,

ciliate. Floral bracts 9mm. long, 9mm. broad, broadly ovate, concave,

very shortly and bluntly acuminate, obtuse, densely silky-pubescent

without. Perianth segments 1-1 em. long, linear. Hypogynous scales

yellowish, 2°5 mm. long, linear, obtuse. Ovary 1°5 mm. long, globose,

villous ; style9 mm. long, linear, gradually broadened above, glabrous ;

stigma oblique and somewhat bi-lobed. Frwiting head about 3 em.

long, globose. Bracts woody, deeply concave, densely tomentose,

villous below. Fruit 8 mm. long, 9 mm. broad above, subglobose,

black, glabrous or with a few scattered hairs.

Near L. decurrens, R. Br., from which it may be distinguished by the

branchlets and involucral bracts being pubescent and not glabrous,

and the perianth tube being villous.

Named in compliment to Mr. N. S. Pillans, who first collected the

species.

5. L. proteoides, E. Mey. Male inflorescence 6 mm. long, 1 cm. in

diameter, globose, sessile, solitary, terminal, surrounded by the upper

leaves. Involucral bracts 3—4-seriate, 3-3°5 mm. long, ‘5-1 mm. broad,

Contribution to the Knowledge of South African Proteaceae. 335

ovate and acuminate or linear, acute, tomentose, ciliate. Floral bracts

2°5 mm. long, 1 mm. broad, lanceolate, subobtuse, villous and long

ciliate on the upper half, glabrous below. Perianth tube 1 mm. long,

campanulate ; lobes 3mm. long, linear, densely villous ; limb 1:5 mm.

long, linear. Style 3 mm. long, filiform ; stigma ellipsoid.

SourH-WesterN Reeton: Oudtshoorn Div. Cango East, W. Deas

in Herb. Musei Austro-Afric. 6175.

The above description supplements that given in the ‘ Flora

Capensis,’ where the male inflorescence is not described.

INDEX.

D PAGE | L PAGE

Deasii Leucadendron) : . 831 Leucadendron. : : , epil

Dregei (Leucadendron) - 382 |

G. Pillansii (Leucadendron) . - 333

elutinosum (Leucadendron) . 832 | proteoides (Leucadendron) . 334-

( 3387 )

15.—Contributions to the Flora of South Africa. No. 2.—By HE. P.

Puruurps, M.A., D.Sc., F.L.S. Assistant.

STERCULIACEAE.

HERMANNIA, Linn.

H. decipiens, E. Mey. Frutex. Rami dense stellato -hispidi.

Folia sessilia, ‘6-14 cm. longa, 2-6 mm. lata, maxime oblonga

vel elliptico-oblonga, aliquando junioria linearia vel lanceolata, apice

acuta vel truncata et 2—3-dentata, utrinque dense stellato-hispida.

Stipulae 2, maxime deciduae, 4 mm. longae, angustae, pilosae. Flores

maxime 2-3-floris, terminalibus corymbis dispositi, raro solitares.

Pedicellus 3 mm. longus, teres, stellato-pilosus. Bracteae 2, 4 mm.

longae, angustae, pilosae. Tubus calyci 4-5 mm. longus, campanu-

latus, 10-costatus, stellato-pilosus ; lobi 2 mm. longi, ovati, apice sub-

obtusi, stellato-pilosi. Seqgmenta corollae 1-1 em. longa, supra 4 mm.

lata, quadrangula, glabra, infra angustioria, marginibus inflexis,

pubescentia, basi glabra. Filamenta 4 mm. longa, 1 mm. lata, lineari-

oblonga, l-nervigera, glabra, membranacea; antherae 3 mm. longae,

oblongae, acuminatae, apice 2-cornutae, basi rotundae. Ovariwm 2°5 mm.

longum, 2 mn. latum, obovatum, stellato-pubescente ; stylus 3°25 mm.

longus, teres, supra angustior, infra pilosus ; stigma capitatum.

Karroo Recion: Zwartbergen. Drege; Seven Week’s Poort,

between Laingsburg and Ladismith, 4-5000 ft., September. A bush

with long simple branches. Flowers yellow. Growing near a stream

on Table Mountain Sandstone. Phillips, 1400! Seven Week’s

Poort, July, Marloth, 2978! Summit of Swanpoelspoortberg, Septem-

ber, Marloth, 4127 !

Bush. Branches terete, densely stellate hispid, with dark-coloured

bark. Leaves sessile, 6-1-4 cm. long, 2-6 mm. broad, mostly oblong

or elliptic-oblong, some of the younger leaves linear or lanceolate,

apex acute or truncate and 2—3-toothed, densely stellate-pilose above

338 Annals of the South African Musewm.

and beneath. Stipules 2, usually deciduous, 4 mm. long, setaceous,

pilose. Flowers usually arranged in 2-3-flowered corymbs at the ends

of the branchlets, rarely solitary. Pedicels 3 mm. long, terete,

stellate-pilose. Bracts 2, 4 mm. long, setaceous, pilose. Calyzx-tube

4°5 mm. long, campanulate, 10-ribbed, stellate-pilose ; lobes 2 mm.

long, ovate, subobtuse, stellate-pilose. Corolla-segments 1-1 em. long,

divided into a quadrangular glabrous lobe above, 4 mm. broad; a

middle elliptic hairy portion with inflexed margins; and an oblong

glabrous channelled claw 2 mm. long. Filaments 4 mm. long, 1 mm.

broad, linear-oblong, l-nerved, glabrous, membranous ; anthers 3 mm.

long, oblong in outline, acuminate and diverging into 2 horns at the

apex, rounded at the base. Ovary 2°5 mm. long, 2 mm. broad, obovate

in outline, stellate-pubescent ; style 3°25 mm. long, terete, narrowing

above, pilose on the lower half; stigma capitate.

The Director of Kew kindly reported on this rare species as follows :

“Appears to be conspecific with H. decipiens, E. Mey. The only

difference observed is that the indumentum is much closer.”

GERANIACEAE.

OXALIS, Linn.

O. Tysonii, Phillips, sp. nov. Herba erecta, 10-22 em. alta. Rami

pubescentes. ‘olia petiolata, 1-3°5 em. longa; petiolus *6—2°5 em.

longus, glandulosus; foliola ‘5-1 em. longa, 4-9 mm. lata, obovata,

apice profunde 2-lobata, basi angustata, superne glabra, inferne pilosa ;

margo glandulosum pilis capitatis. Pedunculus uniflora, 3°3 cm.

longus, glandulosus capitatis pilis. Bracteae 2, 1°55 mm. longae,

lineares, glandulosae. Calyx 4—4°5 mm. longus, pubescens, olandu-

losus; lobi ovati, apice obtusi. Corolla circa 1 cm. longa, glaber.

Stamina 10; filamenta 1-2 em. longa; antherae -75 mm. longae,

oblongae. Ovariwm 2 mim. longum, ovatum, glabrum; stylus 5, liber,

‘5 mm. longus, glaber ; stigma capitatum.

HasterN Reeron: In clivis lapidosis circa Kokstad, Griqualand

East, 5100 ft., December, Tyson, 1334.

An erect simple caulescent herb, 10-22 em. high. Stem pubescent.

Leaves petioled, 1-3°5 cm. long; petiole -6-2°5 cm. long, glandular

with capitate glands; lamina digitately 3-foliate; leaflets 5-1 em.

long, 4-9 mm. broad, obovate, deeply 2-lobed, narrowed at the base,

glabrous above, hairy beneath, with capitate glands on the margins.

Contributions to the Flora of South Africa. 339

Peduncles 1-flowered, 3°3 cm. long, glandular with capitate glands.

Bracts 2, 1:5 mm. long, linear, glandular ; the lower inserted 5 mm.

below the upper. Calyw 4-45 mm. long, pubescent, glandular ;

segments ovate, obtuse. Corolla about 1 cm. long, glabrous. Stamens

10; filaments of shorter stamens 1 mm. long; those of longer stamens

2 mm. long; anthers ‘75 long, oblong. Ovary 2 mm. long, ovate in

outline, glabrous; style 5 free, ‘5 mm. long, glabrous; stigmas

capitate.

This species resembles in habit O. viscosa, E. Mey., and its allies, but

may be distinguished from all by the presence of capitate hairs on the

stem and leaves. The stem is not densely glandular pubescent as in

O. viscosa, E. Mey.

RUTACEAE.

ADENANDRA, Willd.

A. Villiersii, Phillips, sp. nov. Suffrutex 20-25 em. altus. Folia

subsessilia, “4-1'4 em. longa, 2-4 mm. lata, lanceolata vel ovato-

lanceolata, apice obtusa, glabra, subtus glandulosa; petiolus 1 mm.

longus. Inflorescentia terminalia, umbellata, 2—3-flora. Peduwneulus

7 mm. longus, teres, glabra. Bracteae 2, 3°5 mm. longae, 1 mm. latae,

lineares, obtusae. Lobi calyci 6 mm. longi, 2°5 mm. lati, ovati, apice

obtusi, glabri, ciliati. Petala 1:2 cm. longa, 7 mm. lata, oblonga vel

suborbiculata, apice rotunda, glabra. Stamina 5; filamenta 2°5 mm.

longa, pubescentia ; antherae 3 mm. longae, oblongae, glandula globosa

stipitata terminatae. Staminodia 6 mm. longa, pilosa, apice globosa.

Ovarium 1°5 mm. longum, 2 mm. latum ; stylus 1 mm. longus, arecuatus,

glaber ; stigma capitatum.

SourH-WeEsTERN Recaron: Mountain Range behind the village of

French Hoek, 2500 ft., October. Flowers pale pinkish-white above,

dark red beneath, Phillips, 1075, Phillips in Herb. Musei Austro-Afric.

8275.

A small bush 20-25 cm. high. Branches terete, minutely pubescent,

with dark red or black bark. Leaves subsessile, 4-1-4 cm. long,

2-4 mm. broad, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, glabrous,

glandular beneath; petiole 1 mm. long. Inflorescence terminal, um-

bellate, 2-3-flowered. Peduncle 7 mm. long, terete, glabrous, longer

than the upper leaves. Bracts 2, 3°5 mm. long, 1 mm. broad, linear

obtuse. Calyx divided almost to the base ; lobes 6 mm. long, 2°5 mm.

340 Annals of the South African Museum.

broad, ovate, obtuse, ciliate, shorter than the stamens. Petals 1:2 em.

long, 7 mm. broad, oblong or suborbicular, rounded above, glabrous.

Fertile stamens 5; filaments 2°5 mm. long, pubescent; anthers 5 mm.

long, oblong, the connective produced at the apex into a stalked

globose gland. Staminodes 6 mm. Jong, terete, pilose, globose at the

apex. Ovary 15 mm. long, 2 mm. broad, ovate in outline; style 1 mm.

long, curved, glabrous ; stigma capitate, flattened above.

Near A. wmbellata, Willd., from which it is easily distinguished by

the peduncles being longer than the upper leaves. The floral structure

also differs.

Named in compliment to Dr. de Villiers, of French Hoek, who takes

a keen interest in the flora of his district.

AGATHOSMA, Willd.

1. A. alta, Phillips, sp. nov. Frutex 16 m. altus. Ram: minute

pubescentes. Folia *5-1:2 em. longa, 1-15 mm. lata, plana, subtus

convexa, punctataque, glabra. Inflorescentia terminalia, umbellata,

ce. 15-flora. Pedicellus 5 mm. longus, teres, glaber. Calyx 1-5 mm.

longus, campanulatus; lobi ovati, apice obtusi, glabri. Petala

4 mm. longa, glabra; ungula 1:°5 mm. longa, filiformis, glabra;

limbus 2°5 mm. longus, obovatus, apice rotundus, glaber. Hilamenta

3°5 mm. longa, teretia, glabra; antherae °6 mm. longae, oblongae ;

staminodia 2 mm. longa, linearia, apice obtusa, pilosa. Ovariwm

3-loculare, *5 mim. longum, globosum, glabrum, supra tricornutum ;

stylus 2 mm. longus, teres; stigma simplex. Cocc: 5 mm. longi,

nervosi, glabri.

SoutH-WesteERN Rereion: French Hoek, side of ravine leading

down to the Berg River Valley, 1500 ft., October. Flowers white.

Phillips, 1083, Phillips in Herb. Musei Austro-Afric. 8283.

A tall bush about 8 ft. high. Branches minutely pubescent. Leaves

‘5-12 em. long, 1-1°5 mm. broad, obtuse, flat and smooth above, con-

vex and punctate beneath, glabrous. Inflorescence terminating the

branchlets, umbellate, about 15-flowered. Pedicels 5 mm. long, terete,

glabrous. Caly# 15 mm. long, campanulate; lobes ovate, obtuse,

elabrous. Petals 4 mm. long, glabrous; claw 1:5 mm. long, filiform,

glabrous; limb 2°5 mm. long, obovate, rounded above, glabrous.

Filaments of the fertile stamens 3°5 mm. long, terete, glabrous ;

anthers °6 mm. long, oblong; staminodes 2 mm. long, linear, obtuse,

pilose. Ovary 3-locular, ‘5 mm. long, globose, glabrous, 3-horned

above ; style 2 mm. long, terete; stigma simple. Cocci 5 mm. long,

veined, glabrous.

Contributions to the Flora of South Africa. 341

Near A. communata, Sond., from which it differs in being a much

taller plant, in having pubescent branchlets, obtuse leaves, and

glabrous claws to the petals. I know of no other species of Agathosma

which attains the height this species does.

2. A. Dummeri, Phillips, sp. nov. Frutex *3-6 m. altus. Rami

pubescentes. Folia ‘5-1:1 em. longa, 1-1°5 mm. lata, linearia vel

lanceolato-linearia, apice obtusa, supra concava, subtus glandulosa

carinataque, ciliata. Inflorescentia terminalia, globosa, umbellata,

c. 30-flora. Pedicellus 4 mm. longus, teres, glandulosus. Sepala

2 mm. longa, ovata, apice obtusa, glabra. Petala 4 mm. longa,

glabra; ungula 1°5 mm. longa, linearis; limbus 2°5 mm. longus,

obovatus, apice rotundus, basi cuneatus. Flamenta 2 mm. longa, raro

5 mm. longa, teretia, glabra; antherae -75 mm. longae, oblongae ;

staminodia 3 mm. longa, linearia, apice obtusa, basi angustata, pilosa.

Ovarium 1:2 mm. longum, 38-loculare, ovatum, glabrum vel supra

paullo pilosum; stylus 15 mm. longus, teres, glaber; stigma

simplex.

SourH-WeEsTERN Reeion: French Hoek, mountain ridges above

Kriel’s Farm, 3250 ft., October. Flowers pale blue, Phillips, 1084,

Phillips in Herb. Musei Austro-Afric. 8284.

A bush 1-2 ft. high. Branches pubescent. Leaves ‘5-1-1 em.

long, 1-1:5 mm. broad, linear or lanceolate-linear, obtuse, smooth

and concave above, glandular and keeled beneath, ciliate. Injflores-

cence terminal, globose, umbellate, about 30-flowered. Pedicels 4mm.

long, terete, glandular. Sepals 2 mm. long, ovate, obtuse, glabrous.

Petals 4 mm. long, glabrous; claw 1°5 mm. long, linear; limb 2°5 mm.

long, obovate, rounded above, cuneate at the base. Filaments of the

fertile stamens usually 2 mm. long, rarely 5 mm. long, terete, glabrous ;

anthers ‘79 mm. long, oblong; staminodes 3 mm. long, linear, obtuse,

narrowing at the base, pilose. Ovary 1:2 mm. long, 3-locular, ovate

in outline, glabrous except for a few long hairs above; style 15 mm.

long, terete, glabrous; stigma simple.

In appearance this closely resembles A. hirta, B. & W., but differs

in being perfectly glabrous.

Named in compliment to Mr. R. Diimmer, who monographed the

genus Agathosma.

342 Annals of the South African Museum.

COMPOSITAE.

MAIRIA, Neis.

M. pustulata, Phillips, sp. nov. Planta acaulescens. Folia radi-

calia, 3-6°5 cm. long, -9-2°2 em. lata, elliptica, apice rotunda, basi

attenuata, integra, utrinque setosa. Pedunculi 3, 12-23°5 em. longi,

pilosi, foliosi paucis linearibus foliis 1°2-2°5 em. longis. Capitula

1-2. cm. longa, 2-5 em. lata. Bracteae involucri 2-seriatae, 1 cm. longae,

15-2 cm. latae, lineares, apice acutae, pilosae pilis basi bulbosis,

Flores radi feminei; tubus corollae 4 mm. longus, teres, sparse

pilosus ; limbus 1:2 em. longus, 4 mm. latus, elliptico-oblongus, apice

acutus apiculatusque, 4-nervigerus, glaber. Pappus 5 mm. longus,

plumosus. Ovariwm 3 mm. longum, *75 mm. latum, oblongo-lineare,

compressum, tenue pilosum ; stylus 2°75 mm. longus, teres, glaber ;

lobi 1-5 mm. longi, lineares, apice obtusi. Flores disci hermaphroditi ;

tubus corollae 5 mm. longus, infra teres et glanduloso-pilosus, supro

infundibuliformis ; lobi ] mm. longi, ‘5 mm. lati, ovati, apice obtusi,

glabri. Filamenta 15 mm. longa, filiformia; antherae, 2°5 mm.

longae, lineares, apice ovatae, basi rotundae. Pappus 5°5 mm. longus,

plumosus. Ovarium 3°5 mm. longum, ‘75 mm. latum, lineare,

pubescente ; stylus 4°5 mm. longus, teres, glaber ; lobi 1:5 mm. longi,

lineares, apice acuti, supra breviter pilosi.

Eastern Mountain Reaion: Basutoland. Thaba-Bosin Distr.,

slopes of Machache Mtn., November, Jacottet in Herb. Dieterlen,

1059.

An acaulescent plant. Leaves radicle, 3-65 cm. long, ‘9-2°2 em.

broad, elliptic, rounded at the apex, attenuate at the base, entire,

setose above and beneath with bulbous based hairs. Pedancles 3 to a

root-stock, 12—23°5 em. long, terete, pilose, bearing a few linear leaves

1:2-2°5 em. long. Head 1:2 cm. long, 2°5 em. in diameter. Invulcral

bracts 2-seriate, 1 cm. long, 1-5-2 cm. broad, linear, acute, pilose with

bulbous based hairs. Ray florets female, purplish mauve in colour ;

corolla-tube 4 mm. long, terete, scantily pilose; limb 1:2 cm. long,

4mm. broad, elliptic-oblong, obtuse and shortly articulate at the

apex, 4-nerved, glabrous. Pappus 5 mm. long, plumose. Ovary

3 mm. long, *75 mm. broad, oblong-linear, flattened, finely pilose ;

style 2°75 mm. long, terete, glabrous; style-lobes 15 mm. long,

linear, obtuse. Dise florets hermaphrodite; corolla-tube 5 mm. long,

terete and glandular pilose below, funnel-shaped in the upper half ;

Contributions to the Flora of South Africa. 343

lobes 1 mm. long, 5 mm. broad, ovate, obtuse, glabrous. Filaments

15 mm. long, filiform; anthers 2°5 mm. long, linear, with an ovate

gland at the apex, rounded at the base. Pappus 5-5 mm. long,

plumose. Ovary 3°5 mm. long, ‘75 mm. broad, linear, pubescent ;

style 4°5 mm. long, terete, glabrous; style-lobes 15 mm. long, linear,

acute, shortly pilose on the upper half.

Similar in appearance to M. crenata, Ness, from which it is easily

distinguished by the bulbous-based setae on the leaves.

HELICHRYSUM, Gaertn.

1. H. Hutchinson, Phillips, sp. nov. Frutez 18-22 cm. altus,

Rami teres, sparse pilosi. Folia °5-1°5 cm. longa, 1-3 mm. lata,

oblanceolata, apice obtusa, lanata, imterdum seneroria glabra.

Capitula solitaria, sessilia, terminalia vel axillaria, 5 mm. longa,

circa 4 mm. lata. Bracteae involucri circa 2—-3-seriatae, 3-3°5 mm.

longae, “75-1:°25 mm. latae, lineares vel lanceolatae, apice acutae,

mucronatae, glabrae vel eximae lanatae. Flores marginis feminei. °

Tubus corollae 2°5 mm. longus. Flores disci hermaphroditi. Tubus

corollae 2°5 mm. longus, cylindratus, glaber; lobi ‘25 mm. longi,

triangulato-ovati, apice acuti. Antherae 1°5 mm. longae, lineares.

Ovarium 5 mm. longum, ellipsoideum; stylus 2 mm. longus, fili-

formis ; lobi'5 mm. longi. Pappus 3°5 mm. longus, deciduus.

WestERN Reeion: Namaqualand, between Steinkopf and the

Orange River, near Henkries, October. Phillips, 1612, Phillips in

Herb. Musei Austro-Afric. 8989.

A small shrub 18-22 em. high, with numerous stiff slender branches

arising from an underground woody root-stock. Branches terete,

scantily pilose, with dark-reddish bark. Leaves ‘5-15 em. long,

1-3 mm. broad, oblanceolate, obtuse, woolly, the older leaves sometimes

glabrous. Heads solitary, sessile, either terminating short lateral

shoots or arising from the axils of the uppermost leaves, 5 mm. long,

about 4 mm. broad. Involucral bracts 2—3-seriate, 3-3°5 mm. long,

‘75-125 mm. broad, linear to lanceolate, acutely mucronate, the

outermost matted with hairs, otherwise glabrous. Marginal flowers

female. Corolla-tube 2°5 mm. long. Dise flowers hermaphrodite.

Corolla-tube 2°5 mm. long, cylindric, glabrous ; lobes ‘25 mm. long,

triangular-ovate, acute. Anthers 1°5 mm. long, linear. Ovary ‘5 mm.

long, ellipsoid ; style 2 mm. long, filiform ; lobes 5 mm. long. Pappus

exceeding the corolla, 3°5 cm. long, deciduous.

Named in compliment to Mr. J. Hutchinson, of the Kew Herbarium.

344 Annals of the South African Museum.

2. H. splendidum, Less., var. basuticum, Phillips, var. nov. Rami

lanati. Folia 1-2°5 cm. longa, 2-5 mm. lata, linearia, raro oblonga,

apice obtusa, aliquando mucronata, superne lanata vel subglabra,

inferne lanata, distincte nervigera. ‘‘ Capitula”’ 2-3 em. lata.

Eastern Mountain Reaion.—Slope of Machache Mtn., Thaba-

Bosin Distr., Miss Jacottet in Herb. Dieterlen, 1068.

Stem woody, terete, prominently covered with the glabrous distinctly

veined leaf-bases, woolly. Leaves 1-2°5 em. long, 2°5 mm. broad,

linear, more rarely oblong, obtuse, sometimes mucronate, woolly or

subglabrous above, woolly beneath, distinctly veined. Capitula arranged

in globose ‘“ heads” 2-3 cm. in diameter.

This plant has all the characters of H. splendidum, Less., but is of

a totally different habit to the typical form, and I think it is better to

regard it as a local variety rather than a distinct species.

NESTLERA, Spreng.

N. Dieterlenii, Phillips, sp. nov. Frutex 1-16 m. altus. Rami

juniores lanato-tomentosi, demum glabri. Folia congesta, 1-16 cm.

longa, ‘6 mm. lata, linearia, apice acuta, subtus suleata; Junioria

super lanata, subtus dense lanata ; senioria demum araneosa. Capitula

terminalia, solitaria, cirea 1-2 cm. longa 35 mm. lata, linearia vel

lineari-oblonga. Bracteaeinvolucri circa 6-seriatae ; eximae 4-5 mm.

longae ; 2-2°5 mm. latae, ovatae, apice obtusae, membranaceaeque,

glabrae ; intimae 9 mm. longae, 15 mm. latae, lmeares, apice obtusae,

membranaceaeque, glabrae. Receptaculum alveolatum. Flores radit

feminei; tubus corollae 4 mm. longus, teres, glaber; limbus 6 mm.

longus, 25 mm. latus, ellipticus, apice 3-dentatus, 6-nervigerus,

glaber. Squamulae pappi 1 mm. longae, lineares. Ovarium 45 mm.

longum, ‘5 mm. latum, lineare, glabrum; stylus 5 mm. longus, teres,

elaber; lobi 1°5 mm. longi, lineares, apice obtusi. lores disci herm-

aphroditi; tubus corollae 6°5 mm. longus, infra cylindratus, supra

campanulatus, glaber ; lobi ‘75 mm. longi, ‘6 mm. lati, ovati, apice

obtusi. Filamenta 25 mm. longa; antherae 2°5 mm. longae, lineares,

apice ovatae obtusaeque, basi sagittatae. Squamulae pappi 1 mm.

longae, lineares. Ovarium 5°5 mm. longum, 5 mm. latum, lineare,

glabrum; stylus 6 mm. longus, teres, glaber; lobi 1 mm. longi,

lineares, apice obtusi.

Eastern Mountain Reeron: Thaba-Bosin Distr., stony and sunny

spot on slopes of Roma Kloof, Miss Jacottet in Herb. Dieterlen, 1065.

Bush 1-16 m. high. Young branchlets white woolly-tomentose,

becoming glabrous with age. Leaves crowded, 1-1'6 cm. long, 6 mm.

Contributions to the Flora of South Africa. 345

broad, linear, acute, channelled beneath; the youngest woolly above,

densely woolly beneath; the older becoming cobwebby. Heads

terminal, solitary at the ends of short shoots, about 1:2 em. long,

3°5. mm. in diameter, linear or oblong-linear in outline. Involucral

bracts about 6-seriate ; the outer 4-5 mm. long, 2-2°5 mm. broad,

ovate, obtuse, with a membranous appendage at the apex, glabrous ;

inner 9 mm. long, 1°5 mm. broad, linear, obtuse, with a rounded

membranous appendage at the apex, glabrous. Receptacle honey-

combed. Ray-florets female ; corolla-tube 4 mm. long, terete, glabrous ;

limb 6 mm. long, 2°5 mm. broad, elliptic, 3-toothed at the apex,

6-nerved, glabrous. Pappus 1 mm. long, composed of a number of

linear scales. Ovary 4°5 mm. long, 5 mm. broad, linear in outline,

glabrous; style 5 mm. long, terete, glabrous; style-lobes 1:5 mm.

long, linear, cylindric in the lower half, campanulate above, glabrous ;

lobes ‘75 mm. long, 6 mm. broad, ovate, obtuse. Hilaments 2°5 mim.

long; anthers 2°5 mm. long, linear, with a small ovate obtuse

appendage at the apex, tailed at the base. Pappus 1 mm. long,

composed of linear scales. Ovary 55 mm. long, *5 mm. broad, linear

in outline, glabrous; style 6 mm. long, terete, glabrous; lobes 1 mm.

long, linear, flat within, convex without, obtuse.

ATHANASTA, Linn.

A. Hameri, Phillips, sp. nov. Frutex 1:3 m. altus. Rami dense

foliosi, supra dense pubescentes vel subtomentosi, demum glabri.

Folia ‘9-2°5 em. longa, profunde 3—5-secta ; junioria molle pilosa,

demum glabra; infra 5-8 mm. longa, 15-2 mm. lata, linearia ;

segmenta 3-15 cm. longa, ‘75 mm. lata, linearia, acute mucronata.

Pedunculus ad 1:5 cm. longus, teres, subtomentosus. Capitula

4-5-6 mm. longa, 4-5 mm. lata, urceolata vel subglobosa. Receptaculum

paleaceum ; paleae 2 mm. longae, -75 mm. latae, oblongae. Bracteae

involucrae 3-seriatae, 3°5-4mm. longae, ovato-lanceolatae, apice obtusae,

membranaceaeque, sparse pilosae, ciliatae. T'ubus corollae 2 mm.

longus, teres, glaber; lobi 1 mm. longi, ovati, apice subobtusi, glabri.

Filamenta 1:5 mm. longa, linearia, glabra; antherae 1°25 mm. longae,

lineares, apice ovatae. Squamae pappi 1 mm. longae, lineares.

Ovarium 1:25 mm. longum, °75 mm. latum, oblongum, costatum,

glabrum; stylus 2 mm. longus, teres, glaber; lobi *75 mm. longi,

lineares, apice truncati.

SoutH-WestERN Reaion: French Hoek, near the Waterfall above

the village, 1500 ft., October, Phillips, 1169, and Phillips in Herb.

Musei Austro-Afric. 8369.

346 Annals of the South African Museum.

A bush 1:3 m. high. Branches densely leafy, densely pubescent or

subtomentose above, soon becoming almost glabrous. Leaves *9-2°5 em.

long, deeply 3—5-sect ; the younger leaves softly pilose, becoming

glabrous with age; the lower undivided portion of the leaf 5-8 mm.

long, 15-2 mm. broad, linear; segments °3-1°5 em. long, *75 mm.

broad, linear, acutely mucronate. Heads peduncled, massed in a dense

globose corymb at the ends of the branches, 4°5—6 mm. long, 4°5 mm.

in diameter, urceolate or subglobose, between 50—60-flowered.

Peduncles up to 15 em. long, terete, subtomentose. Receptacle palea-

ceous ; paleae 2 mm. long, °75 mm. broad, oblong, shortly jaggered

towards the apex. Involucral bracts 3-seriate, 3-5-4 mm. long, ovate-

lanceolate, obtuse, membranous round the apex, with a brown spot

near the tip, scantily pilose, almost glabrous, ciliate. Corolla-tube

2 mm. long, terete, glabrous; lobes 1 mm. long, ovate, subobtuse,

glabrous. Filaments 1:5 mm. long, linear, glabrous ; anthers 1:25 mm.

long, linear, with a small ovate gland at the apex. Pappus a series

of very narrow linear scales 1 mm. long. Ovary 1:25 mm. long,

‘75 mm. broad, oblong in outline, ribbed, glabrous ; style 2 mm. long,

terete, glabrous ; lobes °75 mm. long, linear, truncate.

I at first determined this plant as A. palmatifida, DC., from the

description in the ‘ Flora Capensis,’ but as we had no specimen,

material was forwarded to Kew. The Director of Kew very kindly

sent one of the specimens to Dr. C. Lindman, of Stockholm, who

compared it with Sonder’s plant. Dr. Lindman reported fully on the

specimen, and there seems to be considerable doubt as to the plant

being A. palmatifida, DC., and as the type of the species is so

imperfect it was considered advisable to describe my plant as a new

species. It differs from the type of A. palmatifida, DC., in the

following respects: the young leaves are pilose, not ‘“ densely

tomentose with a fine short tomentum’”’; the involucral bracts are

scantily pilose, sometimes almost glabrous, not “ so densely tomentose

that their shape and form can hardly be seem.”

I take the opportunity of naming this plant in compliment to Mr.

A. Handel Hamer, who has done so much to arouse public interest

in the protection of the Cape flora.

EURYOPS, Cass.

i. Pearsonii, Phillips, sp. nov. Rani supra foliosi, infra nudi,

glabri. Folia *7-1-6 cm. longa, 3-6 mm. lata, elliptica vel elliptico-

oblonga, apice obtusa, basi angustata, rugosa, glabra. Capitula

Contributions to the Flora of South Africa. 347

3-4-nata, pedunculata, terminalia, 7 mm. longa, c. 8 mm. lata.

Pedunculus 6-8 mm. longus, teres, glaber. Bracteae involucr 6,

connatae, campanulatae, glabrae; lobi 4:5 mm, longi, 3-3°5 mm. lati,

elliptici, apice obtusi, supra marginibus paucis glandulosis _pilis,

Receptaculum 1:5 mm. latum, convexum, alveolatum. Flores radii

6°5 mm. longi; corolla supra 2 mm. lata, apice obtusa, 3-fida, glabra,

basi cylindrata. Pappus 15 mm. longus, tenue plumosus. Ovariwm

15 mm. longum, oblongum, dense pubescente; stylus 3 mm. longus,

linearis, basi bulbosus, glaber ; lobi 1 mm. longi, lineares, apice obtusi.

Flores disci 65 mm. longi; infra tubulosi 2 mm. longi, ‘5 mm, lati,

glabri; supra campanulati, 2°56 mm. longi, 5-dentati, glabri; dentes

‘75 mm. longi, ovati, apice subobtusi. Filamenta 1 mm. longa,

filiformia, glabra; antherae 2 mm. longae, lineares, apice ovatae

obtusaeque. Ovariwm 1:75 mm. longum, lineari-oblongum, pubescente ;

stylus 45 mm. longus, teres, basi bulbosus, glaber; lobi -75 mm.

longi, lineares, truncati.

Karroo Reaton: Matjesfontein, June, Pearson, 1572, Pearson in

Herb. Musei Austro-Afric. 1530.

The upper branches usually arising trichotomously, closely leafy,

becoming naked below and rough with the remains of the petioles,

glabrous. Leaves ‘7-1°6 em. long, 3-6 mm. broad, elliptic or elliptic-

oblong, obtuse, narrowed at the base into a very short petiole, rugose

when dry, glabrous. Capitula peduncled, 3-4 at the end of the

branchlets, 7 mm. long, about 8mm. in diameter. Peduneles 6-8 mm.

long, terete, glabrous. Involucre 6-lobed, broadly campanulate,

glabrous; lobes 4°5 mm. long, 38-3°5 mm. broad, elliptic, obtuse, with

a few glandular hairs on the margin near the apex. Receptacle 1-5 mm.

in diameter, convex, honeycombed. Ray florets 65 mm. long; corolla

ligulate, 2mm. broad above, obtuse, 3-fid, cylindric below, glabrous.

Pappus 15 mm. long, finely feathered. Ovary 1:5 mm. long, oblong

in outline, densely pubescent ; style 3 mm. long, linear, bulbous at the

base, glabrous; style branches 1 mm. long, linear, obtuse. Disc

florets numerous, 6°5 mm_ long, tubular below, then suddenly cam-

panulate above ; the tubular portion 2 mm. long, °5 mm. in diameter,

glabrous ; the campanulate portion 2°5 mm. long, 5-toothed, glabrous ;

teeth -75 mm. long, ovate, subobtuse. Stamens situated in the throat

of the corolla; filaments 1 mm. long, filiform, glabrous; anthers

2mm. long. linear, with an ovate obtuse gland at the apex, blunt at

the base. Ovary 1:75 mm. long, linear-oblong in outline, pubescent ;

style 45 mm. long, terete, bulbous at the base, glabrous; style

branches °75 mm. long, linear, truncate.

Kew reports on this specimen as follows: ‘This is undescribed, but

348 Annals of the South African Museum.

is identical with specimens collected by Drége at Matjesfontein and

distributed as FE. latifolius var.? ”

URSINIA, Gaertn.

1. U. longiseapa, Phillips, sp nov. Rami pubescentes mox glabri

Folia 45-65 em. longa, pinnatisecta vel bipimnatisecta; lobi *5—2°2

em. longi, °75 mm. lati, lineares apice acuti mucronatique, pilosi, ali-

quandro glabri. Pedunculus 7—26°5 cm. longus, teres, sulcatus, paullo

pilosi. Capitulum 2°5 cm. latum. Bracteae involucri 4—5-seriate,

supra paullo pilosae. Corolla radii 1:1-2°05 em. longa; limbus

7-1:65 cm. longus, 2-5 mm. latus, linearis vel lineari-oblanceo-

latus, apice rotundus. Corolla disci 3°5 mm. longa; tubus 3 mm.

longus, teres, glaber ; lobi +5 mm. longi, oblongi, apice obtusi. Fila-

menta ‘6 mm. longa; antherae 2 mm. longae, lineares. Ovariwm 1 mm.

longum, glabrum ; stylus 1:75 mm. longus, glaber: lobi 1 mm. longi.

SoutH-WeEsTERN Reeaton: Mountain slopes round French Hoek,

1500 ft., October. A handsome bush, 1-3 ft. high; rays dark reddish-

brown beneath, orange above and light yellow at the base. Phillips,

1387, Phillips in Herb. Musei Austro-Afric. 5108.

Branches pubescent, becoming glabrescent. Leaves 4°5—6°5 cm. long,

pinnatisect or bipinnatisect ; lobes *5-2°2 cm. long, °75 mm. broad,

linear, acutely mucronate, pilose, sometimes becoming glabrous.

Peduncle 7-26°5 em. long, terete, furrowed, bearing 5-4 scattered

linear leaves, scantily pilose, sometimes almost glabrous. Capitulum

2-5 em. in diameter. Involucral bracts 4-5 seriate, scantily pilose on

the upper half; the outermost 5 mm. long, 15 mm. broad, linear or

ovate-acuminate, with a membranous tip; the inner °5 mm. long,

°3. mm. broad, oblong, with a large elliptic-ovate membranous tip

7 mm. long, 55 mm. broad; the innermost similar with a slightly

membranous tip. Receptacle bearing paleae; paleae 3:4 mm. long,

1-15 mm. broad, oblong or linear-oblong, transparent, retuse and

mucronate at the apex. Ray florets neuter. Corolla-tube 4 mm. long,

cylindric; lobes *7—-1°65 em. long, 2-5 mm. broad, linear or linear-

oblanceolate, rounded above, entire or minutely retuse, 7-nerved,

glabrous, glandular when viewed by transmitted light. Dise florets

hermaphrodite. Corolla-tube 3 mm. long, terete, glabrous ; lobes ‘5 mm.

long, oblong, obtuse. Stamens inserted near the base of the corolla-

tube: filaments ‘5 mm. long, filiform ; anthers 2 mm. long, linear, with

a quadrate membranous appendage at the apex. Ovary 1 mm. long,

cylindric, glabrous ; style 1:75 mm. long, terete, glabrous; lobes 1 mm.

long. Pappus coroniform.

Contributions to the Flora of South Africa. 349

Kew reported on this plant as follows: “ Ursinia sp., closely allied

to U. anethifolia, N.E.Br. and identical with Zeyher 2804, which was

wrongly included in Sphenogyne anethifolia by Harvey.

2. U. tysoniana, Phillips, sp. nov. Herba simplex vel basi ramis

diffusa. Rami pubescentes. Folia 1-6-3 em. longa, pinnatifida vel

bipinnatifida, basi paullo amplexata ; segmenta 3-9 mm. longa, “5 mm.

lata, linearia, acute mucronata, glabra. Pedwneulus 6°7—10 em. longus,

striatus, glaber vel tenue pilosus. Bracteae involucri 4-seriatae, glabrae ;

eximae 4 mm. longae, 2 mm. latae, ovatae, apice obtusae ; marginibus

latis fuscis membranaceis; intimae 6 mm. longae, 2°5 mm. latae,

oblongae, apice obtusae, marginibus membranaceis apice maximis latis.

Receptaculum paleaceum ; palae 5 mm. longae, 11:25 mm. latae, oblongae

vel lineari-oblongae, apice semiorbiculatae, membranaceae. Flores

radii neutrii; tubus corollae 4 mm. longus, cylindratus; lobi 1-1 em.

longi, lineares, apice obtusi 3-fidique, 4-nervigeri. Flores disc herm-

aphroditi; tubus corollae 2°75 mm. longus, infra cylindratus, supra

latus ; lobi -75-1 mm. longi, ovati, apice obtusi. Filamenta 1 mm.

longa, filiformia; antherae 2 mm. longae, lneares, apice ovatae.

Ovarium 1 mm. longum, oblongum ; stylus 3 mm. longus, filiformis ;

lobi 1 mm. longi. Squamulae pappi 3 mm. longae, membranaceae.

Souru-Eastern Recion: Griqualand East. In montis Ingeli et

Zuurburg, October, Tyson, 1873.

A subherbaceous plant with a woody rootstock, 138-15 em. high,

simple or branched from the base. Branches pubescent. Leaves

1-6-3 cm. long, pinnatifid or bipinnatifid, slightly sheathing at the

the base; leaf segments 3-9 mm. long, ‘5 mm. broad, linear, acutely

mucronate, glabrous. Peduncles 6°7-10 cm. long, striate, glabrous or

finely pilose with short scattered hairs. Involucral bracts 4-seriate,

glabrous ; the outer 4 mm. long, 2 mm. broad, ovate, obtuse, with a

wide brown membranous margin; inner 6 mm. long, 2°5 mm. broad,

oblong, obtuse, with a membranous margin much widened round the

apex. Receptacle paleaceous ; paleae 5 mm. long, 1-1:25 mm. broad,

oblong or linear-oblong, with a semiorbicular crest at the apex,

membranous. Ray-florets neuter ; corolla-tube 4 mm. long, cylindric ;

lobes 1:1 cm. long, linear, obtuse, 3-fid at the apex, 4-nerved. Disc

florets hermaphrodite; corolla-tube 2°75 mm. long, cylindric in the

lowermost third, widening above ; lobes -75—1 mm. long, ovate, obtuse.

Stamens inserted in the widened portion of the tube ; filaments 1 mm.

long, filiform; anthers 2 mm. long, linear, with an ovate gland: at the

apex. Ovary 1 mm. long, oblong; style 3 mm. long, filiform; lobes

1mm. long. Pappus scales 3 mm. long, membranous.

300 Annals of the South African Museum.

Near U. brevicaulis, W. & E., but differs in having glabrous leaves

and the leaf-segments being sharply mucronate.

SELAGINEAE.

WALAFRIDA, E. Mey.

W. basutica, Phillips, sp. nov. Suffrutex circa 20 em. altus.

Rami teres, minute pubescentes. Folia 2-4 mm. longa, linearia, apice

obtusa, inferne concava, glabra vel raro paucis pilis tecta. Inflores-

centia cylindrata, terminalia, aliquando paniculata. Bracteae 2 mm.

longae, *75 mm. latae, ovato-lanceolatae, apice obtusae, ciliatae,

glabrae. Calyx 2-partitus, 25 mm. longus; lobi ovati, apice obtusi,

membranacei, ciliati. Tubus corollae 2°5 mum. longus, teres, glaber ;

lobi 1 mm. longi, 5 mm, lati, oblong, apice obtusi. Stamina °5 mm.

longa. Ovarium °75 mm. longum, ellipsoideum, ylabrum ; stylus

2 mm. longus, teres, glaber; stigma simplice.

Hastern Mountain Ruecton: Small plateau between Laikopile

aud Thaba-Chicha Mtns., Likhoele, Mafeteng Distr., February, A.

Dieterlen, 1105.

A small shrub about 20 em. high with numerous rod-like

branches arising from a woody stem. Branches terete, minutely

pubescent. Leaves fascicled, 2-4 mm. long, linear, obtuse, concave

beneath, glabrous, or rarely with a few hairs. Inflorescence ter-

minating the rod-like branches, sometimes arranged in a paniculate

manner. Bracts 2 mm. long, *75 mm. broad, boat-shaped (ovate-

lanceolate), obtuse, ciliated, glabrous. Calyx 2-partite, 2°5 mm. long ;

lobes ovate, obtuse, membranous, ciliated, with a greenish keel. Flowers

white. Corolla-tube 2°5 mm. long, terete, glabrous; lobes 1 mm.

long, °5 mm. broad, oblong, obtuse. Stamens *5 mm. long, shorter

than the corolla-lobes. Ovary*75 mm. long, ellipsoid, glabrous ; style

2 mm. long, terete, glabrous ; stigma simple.

Very similar in appearance to W. witbergensis, Rolfe, from which it

may be distinguished by the cylindric inflorescences, the 2-partite

calyx, and the smaller flowers.

Sesuto: Mophethu.

Contributions to the Flora of South Africa. 351

IRIDEAE.

WATSONIA, Mill.

W. Muirii, Phillips, sp. nov. Cormus globosus, 15-2 cm. longus.

Folia 4, 7-18 cm. longa, -6-1 em. lata, linearia, apice acuta, basi

angustata, pluri-nervigera, unicostata, glabra. Peduneulus 14-25 em.

longus, teres, glaber. Bracteae 1:7-2 cm. longae. Tubus perianthii

1:7 cm. longus, 5-6 mm. latus, supra paullo angustatus, infra

cylindratus ; lobi 1:5 cm. longi ; interiores 9 mm. lati, apice obtusi ;

exteriores angustiores, apice acuti. Filamenta 1:3 em. longa, glabra ;

antherae 7 mm. longae, lineares, basi sagittatae. Ovarium 3 mm.

longum, cylindricum, glabrum; stylus 271 cm. longus, glaber; lobi

2 mm. longi, bifidi.

Sourn-Western Recion: French Hoek. Sandy ground in field

near Kriel’s Farm, ec. 850 ft., October. Flowers pink. Phillips, 1324,

Phillips in Herb. Musei Austro-Afric. 8524. Riversdale Div. near

Albertina, Muir.

Corm globose, 15-2 em. long, covered with coarse matted

fibres. Produced leaves usually 4, 7-18 em. long, *6—-1 cm. broad,

linear, acute, narrowed at the base, many nerved, with a_pro-

minent midrib, glabrous. Exposed portion of the peduncle 14-25 em.

long, terete, glabrous, bearing one or two short clasping leaves.

Spathe-valves 1-7-2 em. long, half as long as the exposed portion of

the perianth. Perianth tube 1-7 em. long, 5-6 mm. in diameter at the

throat, gradually narrowing downwards in the upper half, becoming

eylindric in the lower half ; lobes 1:5 em. long; the inner 9 mm. broad,

obtuse; the outer slightly narrowed and acute. Stamens inserted at

the widened portion of the perianth tube; filaments 1°3 em. long,

semiterete, glabrous ; anthers 7 mm. long, linear, sagittate at the base,

basi-fixed. Ovary 3 mm. long, cylindric, glabrous ; style 2:1 cm. long,

filiform-terete, glabrous ; style-branches 2 mm. long, 2-lobed.

The flowers are of a light brick-red colour; the filaments have a

shghtly reddish tinge; anthers yellow; style branches reddish. Near

W. brevifolia, Ker., from which it differs in having a smaller corm

and the exposed portion of the flower being at least twice as long as

the spathe-valves.

Named in compliment to Dr. J. Muir, of Albertina, Riversdale.

352 Annals of the South African Museum.

LILIACEAE.

BULBINE, Linn.

B. Foleyi, Phillips, sp. nov. Herba acaulescens. Tuberi fusi-

formes. Folia radicalia, 9-19 cm. longa, teretia, carnosa, apice

acuta, glabra. Pedunculus 10-28 cm. longus, teres, sulcatus, glaber.

Inflorescentia racemosa, 2—6-flora, ad 3°5 cm. longa. Bracteae 2°75 mm.

longae, 2 mm. latae, ovatae, acuminatae, apice acutae, membranaceae,

glabrae. Pedicellus 5°5-6°5 mm. longus, teres, glaber. Segmenta

perianthii 7 mm. longa, 1°5 mm. lata, lineari-oblonga, apice obtusa. Fila-

menta 3 mm. longa, lineari-clavatis pilis tecta ; antherae 1 mm. longae,

subglobosae. Ovariwm 1:5 mm. longum, 1 mm. latum, oblongum,

sparse glandulosum ; stylus 4°5 mm. longus, linearis, glaber; stigma

capitatum.

SoutH-WeEsTERN Recion: Worcester Div. Hex River, near De

Doorns, September, Bolus ex parte. Paarl Div. Mountains round

French Hoek, ¢. 1200 ft., October, Kensit in Herb. Bolus, 10612 ;

mountain slopes above Kriel’s Farm, 2000 ft., October, Phillips, 1351,

Phillips in Herb. Musei Austro-Afric. 8551.

An acaulescent herb. Rootstock of many fusiform tubers. Leaves

radicle, usually shorter than, rarely as long as the pedicels, 9-19 cm.

long, terete (linear in dried specimens and then 1—2°5 mm. broad),

acute, fleshy, glabrous. Peduncle 10-28 cm. long, terete, furrowed,

glabrous. Inflorescence racemose, 2—6-flowered, up to 3°5 cm. long.

Bracts 2°75 mm. long, 2 mm. broad, ovate, acuminate, acute, mem-

branous, glabrous. Pedicels 55-65 mm. long, terete, glabrous, articu-

lated with the flower at the apex; anthers 1 mm. long, subglobose.

Ovary 15 mm. long, 1 mm. broad, oblong in outline, sparsely

glandular; style 4-5 mm. long, glabrous; stigma capitate.

Perianth yellow within; the three outer segments brown beneath

with a darker midrib ; the three inner with a brown midrib.

Named in comphment to Mr. J. Foley, who accompanied me to

French Hoek.

adenandra .

Agathosma .

alata (Agathosma)

athanasia :

basutica aka

Bulbine

decipiens (Hermannia)

Dieterlenii (Nestlera) .

Dummeri (Agathosma)

Euryops

Foleyi (Bulbine)

Hameri (Athanasia)

Helichrysum

Hermannia .

Hutchinsonii (Helichrysum)

longiscapa (Ursinia)

(353 )

INDEX

PAGE M

339 | Mairia

340 | Muirii (Watsonia)

340

345 N

Nestlera

350 : 9

359 | Oxalis

337 Pearsonii (Euryops)

34d. pustulata (Mairia)

341 S

splendidum, var. basuticum

ae (Helichrysum)

tysoniana (Ursinia)

352 | Tysonii (Oxalis) .

Ursinia

345

337 V

337 | Villiersii (Adenandra)

Walafrida

348 | Watsonia

PAGE

342

351

344.

338

346

342

344

349

348

339

350

351

( 355 )

16. List or PLANTS COLLECTED IN THE PERCY SLADEN MEMORIAL

Expepitions, 1908-1911, conrinueD (ComposiTa£).

(With Text-figs. 1-16.)

Introduction to Mr. J. Hutchinson's account of the Family Compositae.

—By H. H. W. Perarson.*

THE Compositae are predominant in all the South African regions.t

In the western coast region, within which the bulk of these collections

was obtained, this family is said to include about 23 per cent. of the

whole phanerogamic flora,t a figure which the following list will

doubtless help to modify. The fact that the family plays so

important a part in the composition of the flora of the region gives

an added interest to the distribution of its species, and to their

occurrence in other South African floral regions.

On the collection as a whole, Mr. Hutchinson makes the following

observations :—

“ Altogether there were gathered about 630 specimens of this

family, and some idea of the immense value of the collection as

a contribution to our knowledge of the Compositae of these regions

may be gathered from the following.

“Some 269 species are represented, out of which 30 are new.

These, with two exceptions, are described in the following pages,

the majority accompanied by black and white figures in the text.

Certain genera are represented by a surprisingly large number

of species: such are Pteronia, 19 species, 2 of which are new ;

Helichrysum, 21 species ; Athanasia, 9 species, 1 new, and a new

variety ; Pentzia, 8 species, of which no less than 3 are new;

Senecio, 28 species, 4 new; Huryops, 7 species, 1 new; Othonna,

14 species, 4 new, one of which, Othonna euphorbioides (Fig. 15),

is of a very remarkable habit closely resembling a spiny Euphorbia,

* Report of the Perey Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

No. 76.

+ Bolus, H., Sketch of the Floral Regions of South Africa—Science in South

Africa, 1905, p. 199.

I Bolus, loc. cit., p. 206.

356 Annals of the South African Museum. “

the spines being the indurated persistent peduncles ; Dimorpho-

theca, 8 species,.1 new; T'ripteris, 11 species,3 new; and Ursinia,

9 species.

“The arrangement of the genera follows that of Bentham and

Hooker’s ‘Genera Plantarum, the species being more or less

after Harvey’s account in the ‘Flora Capensis,’ vol. iii. The

Pteronias are grouped after a revision by Dr. Phillips and the

writer.* The descriptions of the new Pteronias in the following

list are included in this revision.” +

The Compositae now described, together with the other families

which have been or are yet to be published in this Journal, were

obtained by expeditions which passed through several of the recognised

South African floral regions. Many of the earlier records are of little

value for phytogeographical purposes on account of their lack of

precision. Since it is certain that the boundaries of some of these

regions will require revision, it is desirable that the localities recorded

below should be as clearly indicated as possible. It may, therefore,

be useful to give a summary of the more important places visited

by the four expeditions concerned, and an indication of the floral

regions in which they are situated. These indications are lable

to revision, since, in most cases, the floral region has been identified

in the field, not by a study of the statistics of the vegetation—the

data for which are generally incomplete. Nevertheless, the collections

among which these Compositae are included will undoubtedly throw

some lght upon the phytogeographical problems of South-West

Africa, and certain couclusions, briefly referred to in the following

notes, are already foreshadowed.

In the summary of localities given below, as in Mr. Hutchinson’s

list, the “ Cape” region is synonymous with that which Bolus called

“The South-Western Coast region.” ~ The change is made merely

for the sake of convenience and, in particular, to obviate any possible

confusion with the ‘“ Western Coast region” to which a large pro-

portion of these plants belong. The latter region, as defined by

Bolus,§ includes that part of the Khamiesberg range, of which litle

was known of the flora when Bolus wrote. The following account of

the distribution of the Khamiesberg Compositae confirms the im-

pression derived from a study of the rest of the known vegetation of

this range, viz., that botanically its outstanding relationships are

* Ann. 5S. A. Mus., vol. ix, 1916, pp. 277-329.

Loc, cit., p.

Bolus, loc. cit., 207.

Loc. cit., 204.

a t+ +

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 357

neither with Namaqualand nor with Bushmanland, but with the Cape.

At the same time, it contains many forms whose affinities are with

the two former regions. Until this extensive range has been more

exhaustively explored, there appears good reason for raising it pro-

visionally to regional rank. This is done in the following pages under

the title of the “ Khamiesberg region.”

The term Bushmanland, as used below, connotes merely that part

of the Western Kalahari region which lies south of the Orange River.

In the present state of our knowledge there seems to be no valid

objection to this course, since the Kalahari region, as this term is

usually understood by botanists,

“is yet so imperfectly explored as to its physical divisions,

its aspect, its climate, and the systematic constituents of its

vegetation, that it . . . will hereafter almost certainly

require to be divided into several regions, or at least to be

subdivided into provinces.” *

Some comment on the separation of Great Namaqualand from

Little Namaqualand is also desirable. Such knowledge as we possess

of the vegetation of Great Namaqualand has very largely been

acquired within recent years, and its effect upon the determination of

the botanical relationship with Little Namaqualand to the south, and

with other regions to the east and north of it, is not yet fully apparent.

Great and Little Namaqualand are separated by the lower course of

the Orange River, which is certainly not a phytogeographical dividing

line. Similarly, the northern boundary of Great Namaqualand, the

Swakop River, does not indicate a line of separation between two

floras. The line which separates it from the Kalahari to the east will

probably be found to coincide more or less closely with the western

edge of the Grass and Acacia associations which are so characteristic

of the Western Kalahari. Botanically, the southern part of Great

Namaqualand is the northern continuation of Little Namaqualand.

It is quite probable that the northern frontier of this great region is

laid down by the succulents—particularly the genera Mesembryan-

themum, Huphorbia, and Crassula—which are relatively abundant

throughout Little Namaqualand and the southern part of Great

Namaqualand, as far north as a longitudinal line situated between

Angra Pequena and Walfisch Bay ; northwards of this line succulents

cease to be a dominating element in the vegetation.

Of the Great Namaqualand localities + named in the following list,

* Bolus, loc. cit., 229, 280.

+ See map in Pearson, Journ. R. Geogr. Soe., 1910; reprinted in S. A. Mus.,

vol. ix., part 1.

308 Annals of the South African Museum.

those which lie between Raman’s Drift and Griindoorn appear to

belong more or less distinctly to the Kalahari region. Grindoorn,

Sabiesis, Holoog, Gawachab, Seeheim, and Gobas are within or on

the flanks of the Karasberg.* Keetmanshoep lies on the Kalahari

Plateau. From Sandverhaar westwards to Angra Pequena (Liideritz-

bucht) the vegetation has affinity with that of Little Namaqualand,

but from Goraf to the sea this relationship is modified by the intense

desert conditions of the Namib. Where there is a great development

of sand, as at Sandverhaar itself, incursions of Kalahari elements are

met with. Elevation appears to determine the local prevalence of

Composites, as at Schakalskuppe, and of shrubby Mesembryanthema,

as at Aus. All these localities (except, perhaps, Keetmanshoep) le

to the south of the northern limit of the area characterised by the

abundance of succulents, and should probably be included with Little

Namaqualand in one botanical region. The formal establishment of

such a region is, however, not desirable until we know more of the very

difficult country which lies between the Orange River, the southern

course of the Great Fish River, and the Angra Pequena-Seeheim

railway line. Consequently the distinction between Great Namaqua-

land and Little Namaqualand is still retained, although it is admitted

to be immaterial.

In the following summary that part of Little Namaqualand known

as the Richtersveld is separated from the rest of that region. This

area includes the country lying to the south of the Orange River and

near its mouth. Its southern and eastern boundaries are indefinite,

but for practical purposes it may be regarded as including all the

mountainous country shown on Sheets 127 E, 127 F of the Recon-

naissance Maps of the British War Office (scale z 9555, July, 1907).

The greater part of the Richtersveld is an arid, trackless mountain-

complex. Its botany is very imperfectly known, but it imcludes a

number of apparently endemic species. The Richtersveld, together

with an area to the North of the river, when more thoroughly

explored, will probably rank at least as a distinct province of Little

Namaqualand.

Another area, here included in Little Namaqualand, deserves

mention. This is the arid plain, known locally as the Knechtsvlakte,

which extends northwards from Van Ryn’s Dorp to Nieuwerust.

Geologically, its structure is remarkable and somewhat obscure.ft Its

* See Ann. Bolus Herbarium, vol. i.

+ Rogers, A. W., An Introduction to the Geology of Cape Colony, 1909,

pp. 52-54.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 359

flora is peculiar, and in many respects unlike that met with elsewhere

in Little Namaqualand. It is distinguished by the abundance of

succulents, particularly Mesembryanthema, many of which appear to

be endemic and extremely local in their occurrence. Its crossing in

the summer is necessarily rapid owing to the lack of water, and away

from the main road it is little known. When a geographical classifi-

cation of the vegetation of Namaqualand is seriously attempted, the

Knechtsvlakte will probably be separated, though to what extent it

is at present impossible to say. The localities, Vaarsche Rivier, Klip-

kalk, and Bakhuis are situated within this area.

Welwitsch, situated to the North of the Swakop River, is a typical

desert station whose vegetation, however, differs markedly from that

of the southern parts of the Namib. These differences include not

not only the comparative rarity of succulents, but also the presence

of so remarkable a type as Welwitschia. The latter character it shares

with many other stations near the sea between the mouth of the

Swakop River and San Nicolau, which les near the northern limit of

the littoral desert.

The principal localities visited by the expeditions, whose collections

yielded the Compositae described in Mr. Hutchinson’s paper, are given

in chronological order :—

EXPEDITION I1.*

NovemsBer, 1908—Marcn, 1909.

Collector: H. H. W. Pearson.

Localities: Ceres,f Calvinia,} Loeriesfontein,t Kamabies,$ Tweefon-

tein,§ O’okiep,§ Kweekfontein,{/ Pella,{{ Groot Rozyn-

bosch§], Wortel,4{ Abbasis,4/ Raman’s Drift,{] Henkries-

fontein,§] O’okiep,§ Sabies,{{ Raman’s Drift,4{ Warmbad, ||

Griindoorn,|| Holoog,|| Seeheim,|| Angra Pequena ||

(Liideritzbucht), Swakopmund,** Welwitsch.**

* Journ. R. Geog. Soc., 1910, p. 481; Ann. S. A. Mus. vol. ix. 1911, p. 4.

+ Cape Region.

{ Upper Region.

§ Little Namaqualand.

|| Great Namaqualand.

§ Bushmanland.

** Damaraland.

360 Annals of the South African Museum.

EXPEDITION II.*

Section 1.—NoveEMBER—DEcEMBER, 1910.

Collectors: H. H. W. Pearson and N. 8. Pillans.

Localities: Eendekuil,t Henkwir,t Clanwilliiam,t Windhoek,t Van

Rhyn’s Dorp,t Nieuwerust,f Bitterfontein,t§ Garies,t4

Middlekraal,4] Brakdam,4{ Reitkloof,4] Koets,4{, Bowes-

dorp,{] Sneeuwkop,§] Vogelklip,4] O’okiep.t

Section 2.—DercremBer, 1910—Janvuary, 1911.

Collector: H. H. W. Pearson.

Localities : O’okiep,t Klipfontein,t Annenous,t Chubiessis,§ Stink-

fontein,§ Modderfontein,§ Doornpoort,§ Daunabis,§

Bethany Drift,§ Hellskloof,$ Kuboos,§ Tc Alee Moun-

tains,§ Modderfontein,§ Stinkfontein,§ O’okiep,t Rattel-

kraal,|| Steinkop,t Koeberg,|| Dobabeep,|| Rietfontein,t ||

Anegas,{] Leliefontein,§/ Ezelsfontein,§] Garies,t4 Nieu-

werust,f Van Rhyn’s Dorp.t

* Ann. S. A. Mus., vol. ix, 1912, p. 21.

+ Cape Region.

t¢ Little Namaqualand.

§ Little Namaqualand (Richtersveld).

|| Bushmanland.

4 Khamiesberg.

EXPEDITION III.*

SEPTEMBER, 1911.

Collector: H. H. W. Pearson.

Localities; Van Rhyn’s Dorp, Vaarsche River,f Klipkalk,= Nieuwe-

rust,t Bitterfontein,t§ Stinkfontein,{§ Garies,{§ Brak-

dam,§ Namaroep§ (Kharkams), Twee Rivieren,§

Draiklip,§ Lelefontein,§ Beacon Hill,§ Naras Ravine,§

Khamsoap Ravine,§ Schaf Ravine,§ Wilgehout Ravine,§

Witsand,§ Khoms Ravine,§ Groenkloof,§ Garies,t§

Van Rhyn’s Dorp,} Heerenlogement,t Graaffwater.t

EXPEDITION IV.*

SEPTEMBER, 1911.

Collectors : Miss E. L. Stephens and Miss R. Glover.

Localities: Oliphant’s River Mountainst (Modderfontein and vicinity

of Warm Baths Springs).

* Ann. S. A. Mus. loc. cit.

+ Cape Region.

t Little Namaqualand.

§ Khamiesberg.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 361

It may be noted that localities at about 3000 ft. in the vicinity of

the Khamiesberg Range—e.g., Bitterfontein, Stinkfontein, Garies—

show a typically Namaqualand vegetation on the plains, while higher

slopes bear forms of Khamiesberg affinity. The same locality, there-

fore, may be within two regions. In some cases two or more localities,

sometimes widely separated, bear the same name. Examples occurring

in the following list are :—

Stinkfontein—(1) South of Garies and the Khamiesberg; (2) in

the Richtersveld, 13 miles from the Orange River.

Modderfontein—(1) In the Oliphant’s River Mountains (Cape

Region); (2) in the Richtersveld, 13 miles from the Orange River ;

(3) in the Khamiesberg, near Sneeuwkop Mountain (see Othonna

euphorbioides).

Bitterfontein.—(1) In the south-western corner of Little Bushman-

land; (2) in Little Namaqualand, between Nieuwerust and Garies.

It should also be noted that the Windhoek referred to below lies

beneath the western edge of the Giftberg, some 600 miles South of

the capital of the South-West African Protectorate which bears the

same name; and that the Hex River, along which plants were collected

in November, 1911, is a small tributary of the Oliphant’s River, not

the better known stream of that name which enters the Breede River

at Worcester. The latter is the locality for Tyson's numbers 772, 759,

on which Mr. Hutchinson founds his new species, Berkeya Tyson (q.v.).

PLANTS COLLECTED IN THE Perey SLADEN MeEmorIAL

Expepitions, 1908-1911.

COMPOSITAE.*

By J. Hutchinson (Kew).

HOPLOPHYLLUM, DC.

1. H. spinosum, DG. Prodr. v. 73.

Little Namaqualand : Shrub 1-3 ft., fls. yellow, plentiful in dry

sand between Klipplaat and Bitterfontein, 3290, 3875 ; sandy karroid

plain south of Bakhuis, 5444. Bushmanland: Base of gneissic kopje

a few miles east of Nieuwefontein, 3493.

Distripurion.—Vanrhynsdorp and Clanwilliam.

This is evidently an extremely local species and probably peculiar

to the sandy coast region between the mouths of the Oliphant and

* Report of the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions in South-West Africa,

No. 77.

362 Annals of the South African Museum.

Orange Rivers. The only other species of the genus, H. ferox, Sond.,

evidently very rare, occurs in the Prince Albert and Beaufort

Divisions.

Fie. 1.—Fresenia nana, Hutchinson, n. sp. A, part of whole plant, show-

ing habit, natural size - B, involueral bracts, x 2 ; C, flower bud, x 5;

D, outer pappus; and EB, inner pappus-bristles, x 5.

FRESENTA, vc.

1. F. nana, Hutchinson, Sp. nov. (fig. 1); species habitu nana, foliis

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 9363

lineari-oblanceolatis basi amplexicaulibus subtiliter longe pilosis

distincta.

Rhizoma elongatum, polycephalum, dense fibrosum ; caules brevis-

simi, dense foliati, 2-3 cm. longi, inferne foliorum basibus persisten-

tibus dense induti. Folia lineari-oblanceolata, subacuta, basi amplexi-

caulia, 1-1°5 cm. longa, 15-2 mm. lata, carnosa, subtiliter longe

pilosa, ima basi longe ciliata. Capitula homogama, terminalia, soli-

taria, hemisphaerica, circiter 1:3 cm. diametro. Involucri bracteae

subtriseriatae, subacute acuminatae, usque ad 9 mm. longae, extra

pubescentes, interiores margine membranaceae. Flores numerosi;

corollae tubus 4 mm. longus, glaber; achaenia compressa, villosa,

2 mm. longa; pappi setae exteriores lineari-subulatae, fere laeves,

1:25 mm. longae, interiores 6 mm. longae, barbellato-plumosae.

Khamiesberg: Klipkalk, dry slope, Pearson, 6758.

PTERONTA, L.

1. P. ineana, DC. Prodr. v. 358.

Khamiesberg : Common on hills at Namaroup, bush 4 ft., fis. yellow,

6630.

Little Namaqualand: Near top of Rattel Poort Mt., shrub 5 ft.,

2956.

DistripuTion.—Little Namaqualand through the Karoo to Albany.

2. P. glauca, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 631.

Little Bushmanland: Lower slopes of kopjes between Klipplaat and

Bitterfontein, mucilaginous, aromatic bush, 4 ft., 3070.

Upper Region: Between Calvinia and Holle River, 2500 ft., common

bush 1-2 ft., 3967.

DistriputTion.—Great Namaqualand to Vanrhynsdorp and through

the Upper Region to Middleburg.

3. P. cinerea, Linn. f. Suppl. 356. ;

Khamiesberg: Summit of Vogelklip, bush 1-2 ft., 5915.

Distrisution.—Little Namaqualand to Clanwilliam and Calvinia.

4. P. lucilioides, DC. Prodr. v. 358.

Little Namaqualand (Richtersveld) : Te Allee Mts., lower middle

slopes, common ; erect bush, 35 to 4 ft., 6150.

Great Namaqualand: Granite slopes, 18 km. west of Aus, bush

1} ft., 4214.

Distripution.— Great Namaqualand to Great Bushmanland.

364 Annals of the South African Museum.

5. P. divaricata, Less. Syn. Comp. 196.

Khamiesberg: Kharkams, bush 3-4 ft., 6629; above Twee Rivieren,

bush 8 ft., fls. white, called by the Hottentots “Buchu,” 6764;

Eenkobus, bush 3 ft., aromatic, fis. white, 6779.

Little Namaqualand: Common on kopjes at Rietfontein, 2500 ft.,

3770.

Upper Region: Blaukrantz Pass, bush 4 ft., 4958: Nieuwefontein,

shrub 3-4 ft., 3469 ; without locality, 3304, 5020.

DistriBuTion.— Great Namaqualand to Malmesbury.

6. P. camphorata, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1176.

Cape: Windhoek Mountains, fls. yellow, 7445.

Khamiesberg : Beacon Hill (2), 2 miles south-east of Leliefontein,

near summit about 5400 ft., bush 2! ft., 6354 ; Upper south slopes of

Sneeuwkop, bush 2-4 ft., 5792.

Distrisurion.—Cape Districts generally.

P. camphorata, Linn., var. armata, Harv. in Harv. et Sond. FI. Cap.

in. 110.

Cape: Lower slopes of Oliphant’s River Mountains, behind Farmers’

Baths, 14-2 ft., fls. yellow, 6961.

Distrisution.—Clanwilliam.

7. P. utilis, Hutchinson in Ann. South African Mus., ined.

Cape: Piquetberg Div., upper south-west slopes above Pickenier’s

Pass, Nov., Pillans, 5114; south side of summit above Kradouw

Krantz, Pillans, 5316.

“Shoots eaten by stock” (Pillans).

8. P. viscosa, Thunb. Prod. F1. Cap. 144.

Great Namaqualand: Granite slopes 18 km. west of Aus, bush

Me tii BON

DisrrisutTion.—Great Namaqualand through Calvinia to Prince

Albert Division.

9. P. glomerata, Linn. f. Suppl. 356.

Cape: Roadside between Hottentot’s Kloof and Karoopoort, small

bush, fis. yellow, 4808.

Upper Region: Roggeveld above Blaukrantz Pass, 3000 ft., bush

1-2 ft., 4973, 4978.

Distrinution.—Little Namaqualand to Ceres and through the

Karoo to Colesberg.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 365

10. P. mucronata, DC. Prodr. v. 362.

Bushmanland: About 8 miles from Bitterfontein, 3419.

DistripuTion.—Occurs also in Hereroland and Graaff Reinet.

11. P. paniculata, Thunb. Prodr. Fl. Cap. 143.

Cape: Slopes between Clanwilliam and Lang Kloof, bush 2 ft.,

5339,

Little Namaqualand: Slope south of Nieuwerust, bush 1-1} ft.,

5551.

Karoo: Common on plains between Karoopoort and Zoutpansdrift,

2000 ft., bush 1-14 ft., 5017.

Bushmanland: Common on Veld between Brak Puts and Bitterfon-

tein, bush 2 ft., 6389.

Distrisution.—Little Namaqualand to Worcester and eastwards

to Albany.

12. P. fastigiata, Thunb. FI). Cap. ed. Schult. 629.

Little Namaqualand : Without precise locality, bush 1 ft., fls. lemon

yellow, 3349; common in broken country about 15 miles north of

Alewyn’s Fontein, 3200 ft., bush 4 to 1 ft., fls. greenish yellow, 3925.

Upper Region; Roggeveld above Blaukrantz Pass, 3000 ft., bush

1-2 ft., 4976.

Distrisution.—Occurs also in Worcester Division.

18. P. ciliata, Thunb. Prodr. 144.

Bushmanland : Common on slopes at Eenriet, 1-2 ft., 3094; middle

mountain slopes at Kweekfontein, 3300 ft., 3820; foot of mountain

slopes, 3821; sandy plains near Groot Rozynbosch, 2800 ft., 3842 ;

Ougrabies, 3572.

Little Namaqualand: Valley below Nieuwe Rust, bush 24 ft.,

5490 ; Grauwater. bush 1-2 ft., mostly dead, 3268; Alewyn’s Fon-

tein, Kopje, 3313 ; near Nieuwefontein, 3350, 3353 ; Kopjes Kraal,

2300 ft., shrub 1 ft., 3890; common in broken country 15 miles north

of Alewyn’s Fontein, 3700 ft., 3926, 3929; common on upper slopes

above Daunabis (Richtersveld), bush 2 ft., 6119.

Diste1BuTION.—Bushmanland and Little Namaqualand to Van-

rhynsdorp.

14. P. scariosa, Linn. f. Suppl. 356.

Bushmanland: Shrub 2-3 ft., common, 3409.

Distrisution.—Little Namaqualand.

366 Annals of the South African Museum.

15. P. succulenta, Thunb. Prodr. 143.

Bushmanland: Sandy plains about half-way between Klipplaat and

Bitterfontein, bush 1-2 ft., 3878.

Distripution.—_-Bushmanland to Calvinia and Oudtshoorn Divisions.

16. P. glabrata, Linn. f. Suppl. 358.

Little Namaqualand: Plains near Klipplaat, shrub 4 ft., 3284;

plentiful on dry sand, first day’s outspan between Klipplaat and

Bitterfontein, bush 2 ft., leaves fleshy, 8291; no loc. 3540, 3763.

Distrisution.—Great Namaqualand to Vanrhynsdorp.

17. P. leptospermoides, DC. Prodr. v. 363.

Bushmanland : Upper mountain slopes at Kweekfontein, 3700 ft.,

bush 3 ft., 3815.

Khamiesberg : Twee Rivieren, hills east of Settlement, bush 3 ft.,

fls. white, 6599.

Little Namaqualand: Lower slopes, Rattelpoort Mountain, shrub,

2-3 ft., 2974.

Distrisution.—Only known from these regions.

18. P. Pillansii, Hutchinson in Ann. South African Mus., ined.

Cape: Vanrhynsdorp, slope north of and facing Nieuwe Rust,

Dec., Pillans, 5553.

Little Namaqualand: Common from top of pass north of Garies

to Brakdam, Dec., Pearson & Pillans, 5609.

Distripurion.—As above.

19. P. pallens, Linn. f. Suppl. 357.

Karoo: Common bush near Skuurkraal, 3075; chiefly near hill-

tops between Gansfontein and Pappekuil, 1200 ft., small bushes 1-2 ft.,

3981; Blaukrantz Pass, very common, 4963 ; north of Zoutpansdrift,

common bush, 5001; Gansfontein, 1200 ft., 3990.

Distrrpution.—Calvinia through the Karoo to Prince Albert and

Mossel Bay.

GARULEUM, Cass.

l. G. Schinzii, O. Hoffm. ex Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. i. 74.

Great Namaqualand: Dry river-bed, sandy plains north of Ganus,

ray-fls. blue, 4501; sandy bed of Akam river, bush 2-3 ft., with

glandular leaves, 4758.

DistriBputTion.—Great Namaqualand.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 367

AMELLUS, Cass.

1. A. microglossus, DC. Prodr. v. 215.

Little Namaqualand: Vaarsche River, 6509.

Khamiesberg: Twee Rivieren, 6831.

Distrisution.—Little Namaqualand to Piquetberg Division.

CHARIEIS, Cass.

1. C. heterophylla, Cass. in Bull. Soc. Philom. 1817, 68.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains, road to Modderfontein, 6974.

Khamiesberg : Twee Rivieren, ray fls. blue, common, 6770.

Distripution.—Cape and western districts generally.

MATREA, DC.

1. M. perezioides, Nees, Aster, 249.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains ; tops of the mountains behind

the Baths, ray-fls. yellow, 6893.

Disrrisution.—Clanwilliam, Piquetberg and Malmesbury Divisions.

2. M. Ecklonis, Sond. in Harv. and Sond. Fl. Cap. iii. 66.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., on stony ground, local, ray fls. white,

7442.

I have matched this specimen with Schlechter 8851 from Ezelbank

and Schlechter 8575 from Zeekoe Vlei, both named by Schlechter M.

Ecklonis, Sond. An authentic specimen of the latter has not been seen,

but as the ray flowers are described as yellow, I am somewhat doubtful

of the determination.

ASTER, L.

1. A. fruticosus, Linn. Sp. Pl. 872.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., 7435. Great Namaqualand: Stream

course at foot of mountains north of Schakalskuppe Station, 4900 ft.,

bush 3 ft., 47838.

Distrisution.— Western districts generally.

FELICIA, Cass.

1. Felicia lasiopoda, Hutchinson, sp. nov. ; affinis I’. muricatae, DC.,

sed foliis multo longioribus glabris vel minutissime ciliolatis, involucri

bracteis dorso glabris differt.

368 Annals of the South African Museum.

Suffrutex 0°5 m.altus ; caules purpurascentes, satis graciles, adpresse

pubescentes, demum glabri. Foliu crassa, subacicularia, plerumqune

circiter 2 cm. longa, interdum vix | cm. longa, ad 1°5 mm. lata, glabra

vel minutissime ciliolata. Capitula terminalia, solitaria, longe pedun-

culata, circiter 1°8 em. expansa ; pedunculi 5°5-8 em. longi, 0°75 mm.

crassi, pubescentes, purpurascentes. Involucri bracteae 4-seriatae,

sensim longiores, usque ad 4 mm. longae, planae, dorso glabrae,

marginibus lacerato-ciliolatis. Flores radii circiter 1 cm. longae,

numerosae; corollae tubus 2 mm. longus, glaber. Flores disci

numerosi; corollae tubus 3 mm. longus, glaber. Achaenia breviter

pubescentia. Pappi setae fragiles, albae, 5°5 mm. longae.

Cape: Sand at base of Giftberg, western aspect, Pearson, 5455.

Khamiesberg : Middle slopes of Beacon Hill (1), north-west of Lelie-

fontein, 5300 ft., 12 ft., rays blue, Pearson, 6528.

[Also collected at Lange Kloof by Schlechter (no. 8597) and

distributed under the name Felicia Bowiet. |

2. F. pusilla, N. E. Br. in Kew Bull. 1908, 435.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains; Kloof below Baths, fls. cream,

6982; 6983; lower mountain slopes behind Farmers’ Baths, on burnt

places, ray-fls. variable, white, yellow or blue, 6984.

Distripution.— Worcester.

3. F. deserti, Schlechter.

Great Namaqualand: Between Dabaigabis and Griindoorn, 4200 ft.,

3169.

Distripution.—Great Namaqualand.

4. F. tenella, DC. Prodr. v. 219.

Cape: Prostrate annual on eastern {sandy slopes above Pickenier’s

Pass, 5155; 5205. Olphant’s River Mountains; road to Modder-

fontein, fls. mauve-blue, 6979. Khamiesberg: Namaroup, very abun-

dant, rays blue, 6525; at foot of Beacon Hill 2, 6640.

Distrisution.—Throughout the western districts.

According to Harvey this is a very variable species and is divided

by him into several varieties, which would be worthy of study in the

field.

5. F. fragilis, Cass. in Dict. Sci. Nat. xvi. 315.

Cape: Gift Berg, 1-2000 ft., 7396.

Disrrisution.— Western districts.

6. F. hyssopifolia, Nees, var. hirta (Harv.).

Little Namaqualand: Common on sand north of Anenous, 6183.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 369

Great Namaqualand: Buchholzbrunn, sandy river bed, bush 1 ft.,

rays bluish white, 3656; in sand at Sandverhaar, 5100 ft., 3703

without locality, 3607; 3649.

Disrrispution.— Western districts.

Many of Harvey’s varieties described in the “ Flora Capensis”’ are

probably distinct species.

7. F. Pappei—Aster Pappei, Harv. in Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. 11. 79.

Khamiesberg : Leliefontein, common, 6555.

Disrrisution.— Western districts generally.

NIDORELLA, Cass.

1. N. gariepina, DC. Prodr. v. 324,

Felicia gariepina, L. Bolus in Ann. Bol. Herb. 1. 72.

Great Namaqualand: Kopje between Dabaigabis and Griindoorn,

4200 ft., bush + to 1 ft., fls. yellow, 5175; crevices in granite near top

of mountain behind Rotkuppe Station, bush | ft., 4186; sandy dry

river bed north of Ganus, 3000-3200 ft., 4508.

Disrrisution.—Also in Little Namaqualand.

CONYZA, Less.

1. C. incisa, Ait. Hort. Kew. i. 184.

Cape: Damp spots among grass in Biesjes Rivier, 3 ft. high, 5163.

Distripution.—Occurs in Clanwilliam, Uitenhage, and in the

Transvaal and Natal.

2. C. iwaefolia, Less. in Linnaea, 1831, 158.

Cape: Attis River bed, shrub 4 ft. high, 5385. Upper Region :

Very common in rock crevices in bed of Holle River, 38979; damp

places in ravine at Loeriesfontein, 2500 ft., 4851.

Khamiesberg : Near Leliefontein, 6299.

Disrripution.—Throughout the Colony into Natal and the Trans-

vaal.,

PSIADIA, Jaca.

1. P. arabica, Jaub. et Spach, Illustr. iv. 85, tt. 852-3.

Nidorella punctulata, DC. Prodr. v. 323; Harv. in Harv. et Sond.

Fl. Cap. i. 90.

Great Namaqualand: Schakalskuppe, upper slopes, 5400 ft., bush

370 Annals of the South African Museum.

3A ft., leaves “varnished,” fls. yellow, 4231 ; on Kopje near crossing

of railway track to Kalkfontein, 3500-3600 ft., bush 3 ft., 4574.

DisrrisutTion.—Throughout Tropical Africa to Arabia.

NOLLETIA, Cass.

1. N. arenosa, O. Hoffm. ex Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 1. 76

(1893).

Great Namaqualand: Railway embankment about 10 km. west of

Aus, 4219; in sand a little north of Ganus, 3000-5200 ft., fls. yellow,

4497; dry stream bed between Griindoorn and Sabiesis, 83000-3400 ft.,

4582; Sandverhaar, 3100 ft., fls. yellow, 4655.

DistrrButTion.—Occurs also in Carnarvon.

CHRYSOCOMA, Cass.

1. C. Coma-aurea, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1178.

Cape: Along the Leeuwfontein Road, 9 miles from Ceres, 3511;

between the top of Leeuwfontein Pass and Hottentots Kloof, 3202.

DistripuTion.—Common in the western districts.

2. Chrysocoma sparsifolia, Hutchinson, sp. nov.; affinis C. coma-

aureae, Linn., sed foliis sparsissimis crassis brevibus, involucri bracteis

interioribus obtusis differt.

Frutex 0°75-1'3 m. altus; rami elongati, suleati, glabri. Fola

sparsa, patula vel demum recurvata, oblongo-lanceolata, subericoidea,

obtusa, 5-8 mm. longa, 1°5-2°5 mm. lata, plerumque subturgida,

demum supra plana, crassa, glabra. Capitula laxe corymbosa,

solitaria, brevissime pedunculata, circiter 8 mm. diametro. Involucri

bracteae circiter 5-seriata, exteriores lanceolatae, 1:5 mm. longae,

interiores oblongo-lineares, obtusae, 5 mm. longae, glabrae, 1—nerviae.

Flores numerosi, tubulosi; corollae tubus 4 mm. longus, glaber; lobi

lanceolati, subacuti. Achaenia complanata, 2.5 mm. longa, parce

pubescentia, Pappus albus, 3 mm. longus.

Khamiesbere: Common among granite blocks on small kopje

between summit of Pass and Middelkraal, bush 3-4 ft., Pearson,

5626; southern slopes of Sneeuwkop, Pearson & Pillans, 5888;

upper and middle slopes of Zuurberg (Anegas), Pearson, 6253; kopje

south-west of Leliefontein, Pearson, 6307.

3. C. ciliata, tinn. isp. Pl: 1177.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy plain north of railway at Schakals-

kuppe, rootstock woody, stem 9-12 in., rays pale blue, 4222.

Distrisution.— Western districts.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 371

4. C. tenuifolia, Berg. Cap. 285.

Cape: Giftberg, not common, 1—2000 ft., small bush 9-12 in. high,

fls. yellow, 7403; Pickenier’s Pass, eastern slopes, stems 1 ft., 5119.

Bushmanland: Aggenys, river-beds, middle and upper slopes, bush

1 ft., 2940; sandy flat 8 miles south or south-west of Bitterfontein,

3417.

Khamiesberg: Western middle slopes of Sneeuwkop, third kloof

above Bowesdorp, under shade of rocks, 5889.

Upper Region: Roggeveld after Blaukrantz Pass, 3000 ft., bush

1 ft., 4977; Blaukrantz Pass, 4964.

Disrripution.—Throughout the Colony.

5. C. peduncularis, DC. Prodr. v. 353.

Khamiesberg: Khamiesberg Plateau, 3000 ft., among rocks, 6242 ;

Sneeuwkop, western slopes about 30 ft. below the summit, 5763.

Upper Region: Alewyn’s Fontein, on kopje, 2900 ft., 1-2 ft., fls. yellow,

3314,

Distrisution.—Upper western region.

6. C. longifolia, DC. Prodr. v. 354.

Cape: Oliphant’s River valley between Modderfontein and Biesjes

River, 5 ft. high, fls. yellow, 5160; south aspect of hills between

Hex River and outspan of November 26th, 5267.

Little Namaqualand: Sandy places between Nieuwe Rust and

Bitterfontein, 5547.

Distrisution.—Clanwilliam and Vanrhynsdorp Divisions.

7. C. puberula, Schlechter.

Bushmanland: In sand between Aggenys and Pella, 3592.

Distrrpution.—Also in Little Namaqualand.

BLUMEA, DC.

1. B. natalensis, Sch. Bip. in Walp. Rep. ii. 971.

Conyza caffra, DC.; Harv. in Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 112.

Cape: Sand banks in river-bed below Kradouw Krantz, 3 ft. high,

5365.

Bushmanland: Orange River at Abbasis, partly submerged, 3002 ;

banks of water conduit, Pella, 1500 ft., fis. blue-purple, 3836.

Damaraland: In association with Salicornia, mouth of Swakop

River, 3382.

Disrrisution.—-Natal to Kingwilliamstown Division; apparently

372 Annals of the South African Museum.

no specimens have so far been gathered between the above and these

widely separated areas.

2. B. gariepina, DC. Prodr. v. 448.

Little Namaqualand: Sandy bank of the Orange River at Bethany

Drift, 2-3 ft. high, 6054.

Great Namaqualand: Buchholzbrunn, in conglomerate of river

bank, bush 5 ft., 5667; river-bed at Dabaigabis, 4315; river-bed

below Railway Station, 5669.

[Collected also at Haikamchab, near Swakopmund, by Galpin &

Pearson, 7657. |

Disrripution.—Griqualand West and in Angola and the Zambesi

basin.

PLUCHEA, Cass.

1. P. Leubnitziae, N. BE. Br. in Kew Bull. 1909, 117.

Great Namaqualand: Sandy bed of the Schaf River at Seeheim,

2300 ft., bush 4-5 ft., 3735.

Disrrrpution.—Angola and Tropical Bechuanaland.

IFLOGA, Cass.

1. Ifloga setulosa, Hutchinson, sp. nov., species foliis acicularibus

prominenter setosis capitula circumdantibus et longioribus distincta.

Suffrutex ramosus usque ad 20 cm. altus ; rami ascendentes, folati,

cano - pubescentes. Folia acicularia vel subclavata, acuta, basi

angustata, leviter recurvata, 0°5—-1 cm. longa, circiter 15 mm. crassa,

inarginibus valde recurvatis, supra setuloso-pilosa, infra albo-

tomentella. Capitula sessilia, ad apices ramorum dense aggregata,

cireiter 6—8-nata, foliis superioribus involucrata, circiter 1 cm. longa,

3 mm. diametro. IJnvolucri bracteae lanceolatae, membranaceae,

acutissimae, extra albo-pubescentes, leviter purpurascentes. Flores

pauci, tubulosi; corollae tubus cylindricus, glaber ; achaenia glabres-

centia, basi callosa; pappi setae dense plumosae, corollis aequilongae.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., fls. white, H. P. Phillips, 7438.

GNAPHALIUM, Linn.

1. G@ undulatum, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1197.

Khamiesberg: Among Phragmites in damp places on middle western

slopes of Sneeuwkop, third kloof above Bowesdorp, 5842; marshy

cround of Khamiesberg plateau, about 5000 ft., 6322.

Disrripution.—Throughout South Africa and in Angola.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 373

2. G. candidissimum, Lamk. Encyel. ii. 754.

Cape: Upper southern slopes above Pickenier’s Pass, 5201; sand

of river-bed between Lang Kloof and Nardouw Pass, 5548.

Khamiesberg: Marshy ground 1} miles south-west of Leliefontein,

5000 ft., 6556.

DisrrrpuTion.—South-western districts to Uitenhage.

HELIPTERUM, DC.

1. H. variegatum, DC. Prodr. vi. 212.

Cape: Top of Oliphant’s River Mountains, behind Baths, flower-

heads brown and white, 6892.

Disrripution.—Southward to the Cape Peninsula and Caledon.

2. H. canescens, DC. Prodr. vi. 212.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., bush 9-12 in. high, bracts white, 7436 ;

top of Oliphant’s River Mountains, behind Baths, 6887.

DisrriputTion.— Western districts generally, southwards to Caledon.

3. H. virgatum, DC. Prodr. vi. 213.

Khamiesberg: Near summit of Beacon Hill, north-west of Lelie-

fontein, 5400 ft., bush 1} ft., fls. yellow, bracts with rosy margins,

6333.

Distrripution.—Little Namaqualand, Clanwilliam and the districts

of Worcester and Paarl.

HELICHRYSUM, Vaut.

1. H. alsinoides, DC. Prodr. vi. 169.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains, 7715.

Distrrpution.—Great Bushmanland to the Karee Bergen.

I have not seen an authentic specimen of this species, but have

compared the above plant with specimens so named by Schlechter

and collected by him in the Karee Bergen (No. 8170) and at Pella

in Great Bushmanland (without number). The type was collected

by Drege, but no locality was given by either De Candolle or Harvey,

and it is not mentioned in Drége’s Catalogue.

2. H. capillacewm, Less. Syn. vi. 275.

Cape: Rocks near stream at head of Mitchell’s Pass, Ceres, 1000 ft.,

Khamiesberg: In shade of rocks near bottom of IKhoms Ravine,

damp places, fls. white, 6663; low kopje opposite Bowesdorp, 5848.

374 Annals of the South African Museum.

DisrriputTion.—Mountains throughout the Colony, extending into

Natal; the species seems to be remarkably consistent in its preference

for shady rocky places.

3. H. herniarioides, DC. Prodr. vi. 170.

Bushmanland: Prostrate on sand about 8 miles south-west or west

of Bitterfontein, fls. whitish yellow, 3411.

Disrripution.— Western Region.

4. H. expansum, Less. Syn. 276.

Cape: Roadside between Ceres and Leeuwfontein, 3256; sandflats

between Dreifontein and Heeren Logement, 6751.

DistRIBUTION.—South-western districts.

5. H. ericaefolium, Less. Syn. 314.

Cape: Western aspects of Nardouw Kloof, bush | ft. high, densely

matted growth, 5411.

Khamiesberg: Summit of pass between Garies and Middelkraal,

5611.

Distrisution.—Mountains throughout the Colony, evidently com-

mon and widely spread.

6. H. pulchellum, E. Mey. in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Docum.

114.

Khamiesberg: Bitterfontein, 6566.

Disrripution.—Previously gathered only by Drége in the Ceres

Division ; evidently a rare plant.

The type specimen at Kew is a mere fragment, but I have little

doubt as to the accuracy of the above determination.

7. H. cylindricum, Less. Syn. Comp. 281.

Cape: Summit of Oliphant’s Mountain, above Pickenier’s Pass,

fis. yellow, 5115; foot of Cold Bokkeveld, opposite Baths, 6946.

DistRiBuTION.— Western and Cape districts.

H. cylindricum, Less., var. rubellum, Moeser in Engl. Jahrb.

xhiv. 293.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., small plant 6 in. high, involucre white,

7400.

DistrRIBUTION.— Worcester.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 375

8. H. paniculatum, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 661.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains, behind Baths, 1 ft. high,

flower-heads white, 6696.

Disrripution.—South-western Region from Clanwilliam to Algoa

Bay.

9. H. Lambertianum, DC. Prodr. vi. 190.

Cape: Upper southern slopes of mountain above Kradouw Krantz,

only bush seen, 5309.

Distripution.—Tulbagh and Worcester.

10. H. rutilans, Less. Syn. 275.

Cape: Southern slopes above Pickenier’s Pass, 5260.

Distripution.—Cape Districts north to Vanrhysdorp Division.

ll. H. hebelepis, DC. Prodr. vi. 186.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., growing on rocks, bush 1-14 ft. high,

fls. yellow, 7409.

Disrripution.— Little Namaqualand and Worcester and in the

Karee Bergen.

12. H. lucilioides, Less. Syn. 290.

Little Namaqualand: Chubiessis outspan (Richtersfeld), common

in sand, 6190.

Upper Region: Prostrate in ravine at Loeriesfontein, 2500 ft.,

fls. yellow, 4848.

Distrripution.—Upper and Karoo Regions.

13. H. odoratissimum, Less. Syn. 301.

Cape: Damp places among grass, Biesje’s Rivier, 5161.

Distripution.—Throughout the Colony and in the Transvaal and

Natal.

14. H. parviflorum, DC. Prodr, vi. 205.

Cape: Common between Leeuwfontein and Hottentot’s Kloof, 3206 ;

dry veld between Ceres and Leeuwfontein, 5245; Leeuwfontein Road,

also occurring continuously on road to Karroo Poort, 3507; upper

slopes of Hottentot’s Kloof, 4908.

Distrrpution.— Western districts generally.

15. H. maritimum, Less. Syn. 304.

Cape: Among grass in damp places at Biesje’s River, scrambling

376 Annals of the South African Museum.

bush 5 ft., 5162; Oliphant’s River Mountains, foot of mountain

behind Farmers’ Baths, 14 ft., fls. yellow, 6956; 7342.

Distripution.—Western and Cape districts.

16. H. hamulosum, DC. Prodr. vi. 192.

Khamiesberg: Upper slopes of Zuurberg (Anegas), common on

Khamiesberg Plateau, bush 2-44 ft., 6255.

Disrripution.— Western and Cape districts.

17. H. Kraussii, Sch. Bip. in Flora, 1844, 679.

Khamiesberg : Low kopje opposite Bowesdorp, bush 3 ft., 5845.

DistrirputTion.—Angola and Eastern subtropical Africa.

18. H. scabrum, Less. Syn. 315.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains, behind Baths, foliage sticky,

6867, 6962 ; foot of mountains behind Farmer’s Baths, 7344.

Var. microphyllum, DC.

ares

Khamiesberg: Brakdam, granite knoll amongst low bush, 5657;

summit of Sneeuwkop, 5789 ; lower southern slopes of Sneeuwkop, bush

25 ft., 5875; upper end of Vogelklip, 5989.

Distrisution.—Little Namaqualand to Clanwilliam and Griqua-

land West. The variety was previously known only from the Gift-

berg (Drege).

19. H. Zeyheri, Less. Syn. 309.

Cape: South slopes between Hex River and outspan of November

26th, 5265.

Little Namaqualand: Shrub 3 ft., common near top of Rattelpoort

Mountain, 2963.

Great Namaqualand: Hill-tops at Schakalskuppe, 5600 ft., 4235.

Distripution.—Generally distributed in the Colony.

20. H. obtusum, Moeser in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. xliv. 297.

(H. Dinteri, var. obtusum, 8. Moore in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. 11. iv.

1016).

Without locality, 3559.

DistriputTion.—Great Namaqualand.

21. H. stellatum, Less. Syn. 279.

Cape: Cleft in rock on eastern side of Pickenier’s Pass, near top,

5215; Oliphant’s River Mountains, sandy soil behind Burger’s Vlei

Farm, flower-heads white to pink, 7008.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 377

Distripution.— Few of the specimens in the Kew Herbarium are

localised, but such as are show a distribution from Worcester, Tulbagh,

and Colesberg.

LEONTONYX, Cass.

1. L. squarrosus, DC. Prodr. vi. 167.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains ; mountain side behind Baths,

common on burnt patches, shrub} ft., fls. cream, 6994; without

locality, 4915 partly.

Khamiesberg: Sandy ground at base of pass leading to Rietkloof ,

spreading prostrate, 5620.

Distrisution.—Throughout the Colony.

2. L. glomeratus, DC. Prodr. vi. 168.

Upper Region: Alewyn’s Fontein, sandy flat, 5545.

Khamiesberg: Beacon Hill, 2 miles south-east of Leliefontein,

alpha

under rocks, middle south-west slopes, 5200 ft., 6575.

Distripution.— Western districts generally.

3. L. spathulatus, Less. Syn. 327.

Little Namaqualand: Small dry stream-bed 8 miles north of Van-

rhynsdorp, 5454; between Stinkfontein and Garies, 5644; Grauwater,

3267; sandy bed of Brakrivier, 1600 ft., 3905; common on sand north

of Anenous, 6183.

Bushmanland: River-bed near outspan 10 miles north-east of

Klipplaat, 3401; on veld between Klipplaat anda point 10 miles to

north-east, 3303.

Distripution.— Western and South-western districts.

4. L. neglectus, Schlechter, MSS.

Little Namaqualand: Very common on both sides of Stinkfontein,

5632.

DistriputTion.—Also in Calvinia.

PETALACTE, Down.

1. P. coronata, D. Don in Mem. Wern. Soe. v. 558.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft.; small shrub, 9-12 in. high. fls white

locally frequent, 7426.

Distrinution.—Western districts.

378 Annals of the South African Museum.

ERIOSPHAERA, Less.

1. EF. Oculus-Cati, Less. Syn. 270.

Upper Region : Common on flat ground near Holle River, 2900 ft.;

without locality, 3970,

DistrisutTion.—Also in Calvinia.

STOEBE, Lin.

1. S. leueocephala, DC. Prodr. vi. 259.

Cape: Small bush 1-2 ft.,on plateau at summit of Nardouw Moun-

tains, 5423.

KKhamiesberg: Roadside at Middelkraal, 5606.

Disrripution.—Calvinia Division, and (according to Drege) im

Clanwilliam.

2. S. cinerea, Thunb. Prod. F. Cap. 169.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft,; dense bush, 3-4 ft., very common,

7398.

DisrriputTion.—Common throughout the Colony.

ELYTROPAPPUS, Cass.

1. HE. Rhinocerotis, Less. Syn. 341.

Cape Region: Between top of Leeuwfontein Pass and Hottentot’s

Kloof, 3204; hillsides near Leeuwfontein, bush, 5210; along the

Leeuwfontein road, 3510; roadside between Hottentot’s Kloof and

Karoo Poort, 4806; slopes and tops of mountains above Hottentot’s

Kloof, bush 1-3 ft., 4934.

Khamiesberg : Upper slopes of Zuurbere (Anegas), also extremely

abundant on Khamiesbere plateau, 6272; near summit of mountain

3 miles North-east of Stinkfontein, 5631.

Little Namaqualand: Summit of ridge opposite Klipfontein,

common, 5950. :

Great Namaqualand: Sandy river-bed 25 km. north of Warmbad,

4304.

Karoo: Rather common on plain and in sandy river-hed between

Karoopoort and Zoutpans drift, 2000 ft., 5019.

Upper Region: Roggeveld after Blaukrantz Pass, 3000 ft., 4980,

DisrripuTion: Common throughout most of the Colony; well

known as the Rhenoster-bosch.

’

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 379

PTEROTHRIX, DC.

1. P. spinescens, DC. Prodr. vi. 280.

Upper Region: Kopje behind Loeriesfontein. 5200 ft., bush 6 in.

high, 4857.

Distripution.—Griqualand West and Graaff Reinet.

2. P. flaccida, Schlechter, MSS.

Upper Region: Broken country to west of outspan 15 miles north

of Alewyn’s Fontein, 5200 ft., 5929.

Distripution.—Occurs also in Worcester Division.

AMPHIGLOSSA, DC.

1. A. tomentosa, Harv. in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 276.

Khamiesberg: Top of pass between Garies and Middelkraal,

scrambler 2 ft. high, 5610.

Disrripution.—Calvinia and Oudtshoorn Divisions.

METALASIA, R. Br.

1. M. dwwergens, Don in Mem. Wern. Soc. v. 557.

Khamiesberg : Upper western slopes of Sneeuwkop, 5794.

Distrrpution.—Cape and Western districts.

2. M. muricata, Less. var. pungens, Harv. in Harv. et Sond. FI.

Cap. i. 271.

Khamiesberg: Northern aspect, upper slopes of Reitkloof Moun-

tain, 5693.

Distripution.— Western districts.

3. M. stricta, Less. Syn. 336.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains; slopes behind Farmers’ Baths,

1-13 ft., fls. cream, 6959.

Distripution.— Worcester, Paarl, and Caledon Divisions.

4. M. fasciculata, Don in Mem. Wern. Trans. v. 558.

Cape: Giftberg, 12000 ft., simple plant 1-2 ft. high, involucre

pink or white, 7401, 7445. Oliphant’s River Mountains; road to

Modderfontein, fls. white, 6975.

Distripution.— Western and Cape districts.

380 Annals of the South African Museum.

5. Metalasia speciosa, Hutchinson, sp. nov. (fig. 2); affinis M.

nitidulae, Harv., sed robustior, foliis fasciculatis, pedunculis multo

longioribus differt.

Frutex circiter 0°75 m. altus; rami ascendentes, dense foliati,

minute adpresse pubescentes. Folia imbricata, patula, acicularia,

spiraliter torta, acutissima, 1 em. longa, 1°5 mm. lata, supra glabra

et subnitida, infra cano-tomentosa, marginibus valde recurvatis, in

Fia. 2.—Metalasia speciosa, Hutchinson, n. sp. A, upper portion of

flowering shoot, nat. size; B, single flower head, x 7; C. flower, x 11.

oD di y 3 oD Ly

axillis foliis minoribus fasciculatis instructa. Capitula circiter 5-flora,

terminalia, dense corymboso-glomerata, glomerulis breviter pedun-

culatis confertis ; pedunculi primarii 0°5-1 em. longi, albo-tomentosi,

ultimi vix 1 mm. longi. Involuera anguste cylindrica, 5 mm. longa ;

bracteae inferiores cano-pubescentes, superiores glabrescentes, roseae.

Corollae tubus cylindricus, 2 mm. longus, glaber, vix lobatus, apice

truncatus. Achaenia glabra. Pappi setae albae, 2 mm. longae,

obtusae, planae, minute barbellatae.

Cape: Southern side of slopes of mountain above Kradouw Krantz,

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 381

bush 2 ft., Pillans 5313; plateau to south of Nardouw Mountains,

Pearson 5413; Oliphant’s River Mountains: road near Baths, shrub

2 ft., fls. cochineal pink, Stephens 7009, 7010. [Collected also in

Clanwilliam by Mader (No. 44) Herb. Macowan. |

RELHANIA, Tuuns.

1. R. squarrosa, L’Herit. Sert. Angl. 24.

Cape: Giftberg, 12000 ft., bush 1 ft. high, 7451; common at low

levels, Leeuwfonteiu, 3188. Oliphant’s River Mountains: On lower

slopes of mountain behind Farmer’s Baths, 1-2 ft., fls. yellow, 6958,

6971.

DistriputTion.—Calvinia through Worcester to Swellendam and

Mossel Bay.

2. R. affinis, Sond. in Harv. & Sond. FI. Cap. 11. 300.

Cape: Between top of Leeuwfontein Pass and Hottentot’s Kloof,

3203, 3209; roadside between Ceres and Leeuwfontein, 3249.

Disrripution.—Piquetberg and Worcester Divisions.

3. R. sedifolia, Harv. in Hary. & Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 301.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., bush 12 in. high, fls. yellow, 7435.

Khamiesherg : Wilgehout Ravine, bush 2 ft., fls. yellow, 6737.

Upper Region : 15 miles north of Alewyn’s Fontein, on gneiss ridge,

round bush 5 ft. high, 2489.

Disrripution.—Vanrhynsdorp and Clanwilliam Divisions.

4. Relhania conferta, Hutchinson, sp. nov. (fig. 5) affinis R. sedi-

foliae, Harv., sed foliis latioribus spatulato-obovatis, capitulis turbi-

nato-cylindricis differt.

Frutex dense ramosus, ramis ascendentibus subscabridis dense

foliatis. Folia conferta, plerumque alterna, spatulato-obovata, minute

mucronata, ad basin sensim angustata, 4-5 mm. longa, 1°5-2°5 mm.

lata, crasse coriacea. rigida, arcte punctata, marginibus breviter pubes-

centibus. Capitula terminalia, solitaria vel rarius geminata, brevis-

sime pedunculata, turbinato-cylindrica, 1 cm. longa, apice 7 mm.

expansa. Involucri bracteae circiter 5-seriatae, ab extremo sensim lon-

giores, exteriores elliptico-rotundatae, interiores lineari-oblongae,

obtusae, usque ad 5 mm. longae, 1:25 mm. latae, nitidae, glabrae-

Receptaculum planum, 1:25 mm. latum. Paleae lineares, subacutae,

hyalinae, 5-6 mm. longae, glabrae. Flores radii pauci, inconspicui ;

corollae tubus cylindricus, glandulosus, 2°5 mm. longus; limbus

oblongo-lanceolatus, 3 mm. longus; achaenia cylindrica, 3 mm. longa,

382 Annals of the South African Museum.

glabra; pappi squamae lanceolatae vel subulato-lanceolatae, acutae,

albae, hyalinae, 1:25 mm. longae. Flores disci circiter 15; achaenia

pappusque ut in floribus radii; corollae tubus cylindricus, apicem

versus leviter expansns, 4 mm. longus, inferne glandulosus ; lobi

ovati, subacuti, 0°65 mm. longi.

Khamiesberg: Rock crevices of upper western slopes of Sneeuwkop,

Pearson & Pillans, 5797.

Fic. 3.—Relhania conferta, Hutchinson, n. sp. A, part of plant, nat. size;

B, flower-head, x 2; CG, flower, x 6 and D, its subtending bract, x 6;

E, pappus, x 6; F, anther, and G, style-arms, greatly enlarged ;

H, ray flower, enlarged.

5. BR. pumila, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed Schult. 639.

Little Namaqualand: Common in sandy ground at Stinkfontein,

6516; Vaarsche Rivier, dry stony hills, 6504, 6510.

Distrreution.—Vanrhynsdorp and Oudtshoorn Divisions.

6. R. apiculata, Harv. in Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. iii. 303.

Cape: Mountain tops at Hottentot’s Kloof, bush 1 ft., 4937, 4942.

Distrinution.—Ceres and Prince Albert Divisions.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Hapeditions. 383

LEYSSERA, Linn.

1. L. gnaphatioides, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1249.

Khamiesberg: Granite knoll at Brakdam, 5660.

DisrriputTion.—General in the Western and Cape Districts.

L. gnaphaltioides, Linn., var. gracilis, Harv. in Harv. et Sond. FI.

Cap. i. 294, ex deseriptione.

Cape: Roadside between Hottentot’s Kloof and Karoopoort, 4832 ;

lower slopes of Kradouw Krantz, fls. yellow, 5283. Oliphant’s River

Mountains: foot of mountain near Baths, 6969.

Disrrigution.—Tulbagh ; evidently much rarer than the species.

9. L. tenella, DC. Prodr. vi. 279.

Little Namaqualand: In sand at Stinkfontein, 5520.

Bushmanland: Common on veld between Klipplaat and a pout

10 miles to the north-east, prostate, fls. yellow, 3804, 3403.

Disrrisution: Hastward through the Upper Region to Stocken-

strom Division; also collected by Burchell at Mossel Bay.

HETEROLEPIS, Cass.

1. H. decipiens, Cass. in Dict. Sci. Nat. xxi. 120.

Cape: Hillside at Leeuwfontein, 5208; between clefts in rocks,

southern slopes above Pickenier’s Pass, rare, spreading bush, 5188.

DistRIBUTION.—South-western districts.

In Harvey’s key to the Compositae in the “ Flora Capensis,” this

plant works down to Minurothamnus, DC.,a genus which was not seen

by Harvey. I think from the description of Minurothamnus that it is

“

very probably identical with Heterolepis decipiens.

PRINTZIA, Cass.

1. P. Bergii, Cass. in Dict. Sci. Nat. xlin. 324.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., bush 38-4 ft. high, 7430; Oliphant’s

River Mountains ; foothills of Cold Bokkeveld opposite Warm Baths,

6947; kloof below the Baths, 6948.

Distripution—Widely spread throughout the Colony.

PEGOLETTIA, Cass.

1. P. oxydonta, DC. Prodr. vi. 481.

Little Namaqualand (Richtersveld): By the roadside on southern

384 Annals of the South African Museum.

slopes of pass between Daunabis and Bethany Drift, bush 1}-2 ft.,

6026.

Great Namaqualand: Near base of kopje on pass leading down to

Griindoorn, 5150; Akham River, 4756 ; among stones in Akam River-

bed, fls. yellow, 4747.

Distrinution—Bushmanland and the South-West African Protec-

torate.

2. P. polygalaefolia, Less. Syn. 200.

Little Namaqualand: Base of kopje at Klpplaat, 5301; kopjes

near Nieuwefontein, bush 2 ft., fls. yellow, 3552.

Khamiesberg: Common on the upper North slopes of Reitkloof

Mountain, 5708.

Bushmanland: Kweekfontein, granite hill, 5400 ft., bush 5-4 ft.,

3799; near base of gneissic kopje between Bitterfontein and Nieuw-

fontein, 2000-2500 ft., 3851.

DistrisutTion.— Upper Region generally.

GEIGERIA, Grist.

1. Geigeria pectidea, Harv. in Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. ii. 127.

Great Namaqualand: Buchholzbrun, sandy river-bed, bush 1-1} ft.,

fls. yellow, 3659 ; sandy river-bed near Dabaigabis, bush 1} ft., fs.

yellow, 4595; by river-bed between Ganus and Grundovra, 3500 ft.,

4493; dry river-bed and saline flat, plains North of Ganus, shrub

1-2 ft., fls. yellow, 4506.

Distripution.—Griqualand West.

2. G. namaquensis, Hutchinson, sp. nov. (fig. 4); affinis G. viginti-

squamae, O. Hoffm., sed foliis denticulatis parce lanatis differt.

Suffrutex e basi ramosus, usque ad 0°35 mm. altus; rami rigidi,

straminel, cortice subdeciduo induti; ramuli juniores foliati, puberuh,

sicco suleati. Folia oblanceolata vel lineari-oblanceolata, apice spinoso-

acuminata, ad basin sensim attenuata, 2-45 cm. longa, 0°5-1 cm. lata,

repando-denticulata, infra parce lanato-puberula; nervi laterales

ascendentes, utrinsecus 3-4, infra conspicui. Capitula terminalia et

in ramis unilateralibus disposita sessilia. Involueri bracteae foliaceae,

circiter 5-seriatae, oblongae vel spatulato-oblongae, usque ad 1 cm.

longae, pubescentes vel subvillosae, basi induratae. Flores radii flavi ;

corollae tubus 2 mm. longus, glaber; limbus late oblongus, apice

trifidus, 6 mm. longus, 2°75 mm. latus. Flores disci numerosi ;

corollae tubus 4 mm. longus ; lobi lanceolati, subacuti, extra setuloso-

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 385

puberuli. Achaenia dense villosa. Pappi squamae e basi late elliptico

subulato-accuminatae, 1-25 mm. longae, membranaceae.

Great Namaqualand: Sandstone at Sandverhaar, 3100 ft., fls. yellow,

Pearson, 3702 ; sandy valley 20 km. north of Raman’s Drift, 2400 ft.,

fls. yellow, Pearson, 4518.

Fig. 4.—Geigeria namaquensis, Hutchinson, n.sp. A, part of flowering

shoot showiug also the old persistent involucres ; b, ray-flower, x 5

C, pappus scale from same, x 16; D, disk flower, x 5.

3. Geigeria monocephala, Hutchinson, sp. nov.; aftinis G. viginti-

squamae, sed capitulis terminalibus duplo majoribus, in fructu de-

pressissimo-globosis differt.

Frutex ramosus, 1-1°3 m. altus; rami albescentes, foliorum basibus

persistentibus ornati, glabri, lignosi. Folia breviter decurrentia,

386 Annals of the South African Museum.

lineari-lanceolata, apice spinoso-acuminata, ad basin leviter angustata,

15-45 em. longa, 5-6 mm. lata, integra, rigide chartacea vel sub-

coriacea, utrinque arcte punctata et puberula; costa media utrinque

prominens; nervi laterales suberecti, cum marginibus subparallel,

infra conspicui. Capitula discoidea, terminalia, sessilia, depresso-

globosa, 1 em. longa, 1-15 em. diametro, in fructu depressissima et

dura. Involucri bracieae exteriores leviter foliosae, e basi late ovato

lanceolatae, spinoso-acuminatae, usque ad 8 mm. longae, interiores

late ovatae, spinoso-apiculatae, omnes marginibus puberulis. Flores

omnes tubulares; corollae tubus basi contractus, 5 mm. longus,

vlaber; lobi 5, lneari-lanceolati, subacuti, 1°75. mm. longi, extra

setuloso-glandulosi; styli rami acuti, semiexserti. Achaenia dense et

longe villosa. Pappi squamae lanceolatae, acute acuminatae, 2°25

mm. longae, membranaceae, superne margine minute dentatae.

Great Namaqualand: Banks of shallow stream course on stony plains

12 km. west of Sandverhaar, 5200 ft., straggling bush 5-+ ft., fis.

yellow, Pearson, 4609.

ERIOCEPHALUS, Linn.

1. E. punctulatus, DC. Prodr. vi. 146.

Khamiesberg; Naras Ravine, bush 2 ft. foliage fragrant, rays

white, common, 6708.

Disrripution.—Extends across the Kalahari and Central Regions to

Transkei.

2. BH. umbellalatus, DC. Prodr. vi. 147.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., bush 9-12 in. high, 4277, 7453.

Distrisution.—Common throughout Cape Colony and Namaqua-

land.

3. H. pubescens, DC. Prodr. vi. 148.

Bushmanland: Granite knoll south of Kweekfontein water-holes

3200 ft., bush 3 ft., 3804.

Little Namaqualand: South of Pass between Grauwater and Klip

Plaat, 2 ft., 5279; common on kopjes at Rietfontein, 2500 ft., bush

2-3 ft., d/69.

Bushmanland: Sand north of Raman’s Drift, shrub 2-3 ft., 4047 ;

granite slopes 18 km. west of Aus, 4210; Schakalskuppe, 5600 ft.,

4245; common on sandy plains 25 km. north of Warmbad, bush

12-1} ft. 486; south of Dabaigabis, 4291; 20 km. north of Raman’s

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 387

Drift, 2400 ft., 4513; sandy plains at Schakalskuppe, 4500 ft., bush

2 ft., 4780.

Disrripution.—Vanrhynusdorp, Calvinia, and Murraysburg,

LASIOSPERMUM, Lae.

1. L. radiatum, Trev. Nov. Act. xiii. 1. 205.

Cape: Nine miles from Ceres along the Leeuwfontein Road, 3505,

Distrripution.—Hastward to Albany.

ATHANASTA, Lyn.

1. A parviflora, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1182.

Cape: On sandy dunes on western side of foot of Giftberg, between

Doorn River and Windhoek, 5396.

Little Namaqualand: Foot of granite boss between Mesklip and

Blaustaasie, 5894; near summit of Vogelklip, 5954.

Khamiesberg: Summit of ridge opposite Klipfontein, 5957.

Distripurion.—Western and south-western districts.

2. A. filiformis, Linn. f. Suppl. 361.

Khamiesberg : Bottom of kloof on Middelkraal side of road between

Middelkraal and Brakdam, bush 3 ft., 5600.

Distrisution.— Western and Cape districts,

3. A. glabrescens, DC. Prodr. vi. 88.

Cape: Doorn River-bed, bush 3-4 ft., 5405.

Bushmanland: Herb 4 ft. social, foot of granite knoll south of

Kweekfontein, 3810,

Distripution.—Oliphant’s River (Drege).

4. A. pubescens, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1152

Cape: Upper southern slopes above Pickenier’s Pass, bush 2 ft.,

fls. yellow, 5192.

Disrripution.—Western districts

5. Athanasia fleewosa, Thunb., var. tomentella, Hutchinson, var. nov. ;

a typo caulibus et pedunculis tomentellis differt.

Khamiesberg: Beacon Hill (2) two miles south-east of Leliefontein,

about 5300 ft., bush 1}—2 ft., common on south-west slopes, 6352 ;

upper northern slopes, Reitkloof Mountain, 5700 ; slopes of Sneeuwkop

above Modderfontein, 3 ft., 5874; at foot of granite block between

Mesklip and Blaustaasie, bush 4 ft., 5893; middle and upper slopes of

Vogelklip, bush 4 ft., 5933,

388 Annals of the South African Musewm.

Karoo: Sandy dry river-bank north of Gansfontein 1200 ft., bush

3-8 ft., 3989; river bed between Beukesfontein and Gansfontein,

1300 ft., bush 2-5 ft., 4919; locally common by roadside a httle south

of Bitterfontein, bush 38 ft., 5385.

6. A. trifurcata, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1181.

Cape: Along the Leuwfontein road from Ceres, 3512; roadside

between Hottentot’s Kloof and Karoopoort, 4854; Pickeiner’s Pass,

eastern slopes, 4 ft., fls. yellow, 5157, 5158.

Distripution.—Variable species widely spread throughout the

Colony.

7. A. crithmifolia, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1811.

Cape: Among paimiet in Oliphant’s River at north end of Nardouw

Kloof, tree 10-15 ft., 5338.

DistriputTion.—Cape and western districts.

8. A. linifolia, Harv. in Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. i. 198.

Bushmanland: Halfway between O’okiep and Sabies, in dry stream-

bed, bush 4-5 ft., 4706.

Distrrisution.— Western districts.

9. Athanasia tomentella, Hutchinson, sp. nov. ; affinis A. sertuliferae,

DC., sed folus longioribus tomentellis plerumque angustioribus,

involueri bracteis obtusioribus brevioribusque diftert.

Frutex 1 m. altus; rami elongati, teretes, dense tomentell, parce

foliati. ‘olia linearia, acute mucronata, 2°5 cm. longa, 1 mm. lata,

coriacea, dense tomentella. Capitula simpliciter corymbosa, pedun-

culata, ellipsoidea, 8 mm. longa, medio 4 mm. diametro; pedunculi

eraciles, | cm. longi, tomentell. Involucri bracteae 4-5 seriatae,

oblongo-ellipticae, obtusae vel rotundatae, coriaceae, extra dense

tomentellae. Flores circiter 20; corollae tubus angustus, 15 mm.

longus, extra glandulosus; pappi setae capillares, articulatae, 1 mm.

longae; achaenia angularia, glabra. Receptaculi paleae lineares, mem-

branaceae, acutissimae, 4 mm. longae.

Cape: Doorn River bed, bush 3 ft. high, Pillans, 5407.

OEDERA, L.

1. O. latifolia, Less. Syn. Comp. 247.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., bush 1-2 ft. high; fis. yellow, 7402.

DistRIBUTION.—Rather scattered, from Malmesbury eastward to

Albany.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 389

LIDBECKTIA, Berra.

1. L. quinqueloba, Cass. in Dict. Sci. Nat. xxvi. 276 (1825).

(Cotula quinqueloba, Linn. f. Suppl. 377 (1781). Lidbeckia lobata,

Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. pt. i. 2163 (1800); Harv. in Harv. and Sond.

Fl. Cap. ii. 155).

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains ; top of mountains beyond Baths,

1-12 ft., 7000, 7001, 7002, 7003, 7004.

Distrrisution.—Clanwilliam.

COTULA, GaErtn.

1. C. coronopifolia, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1257.

Cape: Biesjes River, marshy spots, 5245.

Upper Region: Karieboemfontein, in stream, 4989.

Distrisution.— Wet places throughout the Colony.

2. C. bipinnata, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 696.

Khamiesberg: River bed at 3000 ft. on the Khamiesberg Plateau,

fls. yellow, 6258.

Distripution.— Western districts.

3. C. sericea, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 696.

Cape: On slopes at Hottentot’s Kloof, 4901.

Distripution.—Aliwal North.

This is the first time that this plant has been gathered since it was

collected by Thunberg and later by Drége on the Wittebergen, Aliwal

North Division.

4. C. affinis, Schlechter, MSS.

Khamiesberg : In shade of rocks in damp places on upper western

slopes of Sneeuwkop, 5777.

Disrripution.—Little Namaqualand.

5. Cotula sp.

Cape: Giftberg, growing -in sand amongst flat rocks, 1-2000 ft.,

fls. yellow, 7407.

I have been unable to identify this ;species. The genus Cotula is

much in need of critical revision, which I hope to carry out at an early

date.

390 Annals of the South African Museum.

CENIA, Comm.

1. C. turbinata, Per. Ench. 11. 465.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains ; foot of mountain at right hand

side of valley near Baths, 2 in. high, heads yellowish white, 6985;

burnt ground, lower slopes of mountain behind Farmers’ Baths, fls.

yellow, 6986; without precise locality, 7710.

Distripution.— Western and southern districts.

ASAEMTA, Harv.

1. A. awillaris, Harv. in Harv. and Sond. Fl. Cap. i. 187, name

only in syn.; Icon. Plant. t. 2231.

Cape: Doorn River-bed, bush 3 ft., 5406.

Karoo: Dry stream-bed (saline) near rocky outcrop North of

Stompiesfontein, bush 1-2 ft., 5072.

Bushmanland: River-bed near outspan a few miles East of Nieuwe-

fontein, common shrub, 2-5 ft., 5410.

Upper Region: Irrigated land at Calvinia, 5963.

Distrrpution.—Known previously from Touws River district and

from Aberdeen near Graaff Reinet.

This plant is “ said to cause fever in cattle of certain colours, but

’

not in others ” (Pearson).

PENTZIA, L.

1. P. globifera, Hutchinson in Kew Bull. 1916, 251.

Upper Region : Loeriesfontein, ravine 2500 ft., fls. yellow, 4842.

Little Namaqualand: Mountain pass south of Klipplaat, 170 ft.,

also on sandy plains, 3862.

Bushmanland: Between Klipplaat and a point about 10 miles north-

east, 3305.

Distriputrion.—Common weed throughout South Africa.

2. P. grandiflora, Hutchinson in Kew Bull. 1916, 250.

Cape: Roadside between Clanwilliam and Lang Kloof, bush | ft.,

5345; sand flat between Driefontein and Heerenlogement, fls. yellow,

6808.

Disrripution.—Clanwilliam to Namaqualand.

3. P. tanacetifolia, Hutchinson in Kew Bull. 1916, 253.

Cape: Sandy cornlands, Clanwilliam, 5340.

Karoo: Common in irrigated land at the “ Bosch” near Sckurkraal,

3079.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 391

Upper Region: Karieboemfontein, near stream, 4986; flat sandy

ground between Calvinia and Holle River, 2500 ft., 5969; by side of

Wagon track, Holle River, 2700 ft., 5971.

Little Namaqualand: Among Arwndo in pool at Brakwater, 6072.

Distripution.— Western districts from Capetown to Namaqualand.

4. P.dichotoma, DC. Prodr. vi. 138; Hutchinson in Kew Bull. 1916.

246.

Little Namaqualand: Vaarsche Rivier, dry stony hills, 6505.

Distrrpurion.—Namaqualand and Vanrhynsdorp.

5. P. incana, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. ii. 11. 166.

Khamiesberg: Twee Rivieren, very common near summit of hills

east of Settlement, bush 1}—2 ft. high, 6598.

Little Namaqualand: Pass south of Klipplaat, 1700 ft., shrub 1 ft.

oh, 3484.

Karoo: Near Nieuwefontein, aromatic bush 2 ft. high, fls. yellow,

3348. Without locality, 4221.

DistrrBution.— General, excepting the extreme south-west.

6. Pentzia argentea, Hutchinson, sp. nov. (fig. 5); affinis P. nanae,

Burchell, sed foliis minoribus flabellato-lobatis et nervosis facile dis-

tinguenda.

Frutee multiramosus usque ad 0°75 m. altus; ramuli laterales

plerumque breves, dense foliati, terminales longiores laxe fohiati, pilis

albidis dense adpresse tomentelli. Folia obtriangulari-flabellata, basi

in petiolum brevem attenuata, usque ad 1 em. longa, 5—7 mm. lata, firme

chartacea, flabellatim 7—9-lobulata, nervosa, utrinque dense adpresse

argenteo-tomentella et nigro-punctata, lobulis ovato-oblongis obtusis-

simis. Capitula terminalia, longe pedunculata; pedunculi usque ad

15 em. longi, basin versus parce foliati, conspicue sulcati, adpresse

puberuli. Involucra depresso-hemisphaerica, 1 em. diametro ; bracteae

numerosae, lineari-oblongae, apice et apicem versus membranaceae et

hyalinae, circiter 6 mm. longae, adpresse pubescentes et parce nigro-

punctatae. Flores omnes tubulosi, numerosissimi; corollae tubus

erassus, 1-5 mm. loneus, glaber; lobi ovati, obtusi; achaenia acute

quadrangularia, 2 mm. longa, glabra; pappus obliquus, tubulosus,

membranaceus, dentatus, | mm. longus.

Bushmanland: Stony ground, Groot Rozynbosch, 2800 ft., bush

11 ft., fls. yellow, Pearson, 5832.

Great Namaqualand : Common in rock crevices between Dabaigabis

and Griindoorn, 4200 ft., bush }—2 ft., fls. yellow, Pearson, 5170; base

of kopje 20 km. North of Raman’s Drift, 2400 ft., Pearson, 4529.

392 Annals of the South African Museum.

This species was also collected by Prof. Pearson (No. 7927) on his

expedition to the Great Karasberg, where it was found at the Alt

Ravine Wasserfall and at Krai Kluft.

I consider all the above specimens to be clearly distinct from

P. nana, Burchell (P. quinquefida, Less., var. nana, Harv.), the type

Fia. 5.—Pentzia argentea, Hutchinson, n.sp. <A, flowering shoot,

natural size; B, flower; C, achene and pappus.

of which is at Kew. In the latter the leaves are considerably larger,

thick, and in outline quite truncate and regularly toothed only at the

top; in P. argentea the leaves are always smaller, thinner, and much

more deeply and irregularly flabellately toothed.

7. Pentzia lanata, Hutchinson, sp. nov. (fig. 6, c—r); affinis

P. globosae, Less., sed ramis dense albo-lanatis, bracteis valde mem-

branaceis, capitulis plerumque majoribus differt,

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 393

Caulis basi lignosus, durus, crassus ; rami erecti vel ascendentes,

dense albo-lanati, teretes. Folia pinnatipartita vel bipinnatipartita,

usque ad 15 cm. longa, vix 1 cm. expansa, segmentis linearibus,

breviter pubescentibus subacutis. Capitula terminalia, solitaria, longe

pedunculata, discoidea; pedunculi ad 7 em. longi, superne nudi,

inferne parce foliati, apicem versus glabrescentes. TInvolucri bracteae

circiter 4-seriatae, exteriores lineares, 2 mm. longae, interiores 3 mm.

longae, oblanceolato-ellipticae, margine late hyalinae, fere glabrae.

Flores numerosi ; corollae tubus 1-5 mm, longus, medio parce olandu-

ae wie ee Oe OerllrTl ee ee Pe UlUmh hUhr EU TU Eh Uh

Fia. 6.—A, Pentzia pinnatisecta, Hutchinson, n.sp., nat. size; B, leaf of

same, x 24; ©, flower of Pentzia lanata, Hutchinson, n.sp.; D, invo-

lucral bracts of same, x 5; E, pappus, enlarged.

losus; lobi 5, ovati. Achaenia 1:25 mm. longa, olabra. Pappus

auriculaeformis, 1°5 mm. longus, tenuiter membranaceus, margine

crenulatus.

— Great Namaqualand: Dry stream-hed of sandy plain west of Ganus,

Pearson, 4488; sandy plains at Schakalskuppe, 4500 ft., fis. yellow,

Pearson, 4781; [also collected by Schlechter (No. 8155) on the Knechts

Vlagte (Little Namaqualand) |.

8. Pentzia pinnatisecta, Hutchinson, sp. nov. (fig. 6 A-B) ; affinis

P. lanatae, Hutchinson, sed foliis graciliter longe pinnatisectis, bracteis

haud membranaceis differt.

Caules ramique ut in P. lanato sed usque ad 30 em. longi et rami

394 Annals of the South African Museum.

superne fere glabri. Folia pinnatisecta, usque ad 2 em. longa,

segmentis gracilibus acutissimis usque ad 8 em. longis glabris vix 0.5

mm. crassis. Capitula discoidea, solitaria, terminalia, pedunculata ;

pedunculi fere ad apicem laxe foliati, puberuli. Involucri bracteae

4—5-seriatae, haud membranaceae, 4—5 mm. longae, hneari-subulatae,

glabrae. Flores ut in P. lanato.

Great Namaqualand: Bush 3 ft. high, in dry stream-beds between

Dabaigabis and Griindoorn, fis. yellow, Pearson, 5114; sandy river-bed

25 km. north of Warmbad, fis. greenish white, Pearson, 4507; Akam

river-bed, Pearson, 4733.

HIPPIA, Linn.

1. Hippia Bolusae, Hutchinson, sp. nov. (fig. 7); affinis H. gracili,

Less., var. repenti, Harv., sed folis petiolatis palmatim 3—5-partitis,

Fia. 7.—Hippia Boluse, Hutchinson, n.sp. A, flowering shoot, nat. size ;

B, involuere laid open, x 6; C, female flower, x 10: D, male flower,

x 11; E, stamens, x 18.

lobis multo latioribus obovato-orbicularibus conspicue mucronatis facile

distinguenda.

Herba e basi multe ramosa, debilis, ramis elongatis dense foliatis

teretibus parce puberulis vel fere glabris. Folia petiolata, palmatim

3—5-partita, submembranacea, 0°5-1°5 em. longa. 3-1 em. lata, lobis

obovato-orbicularibus vel oblongo-obovatis l-nerviis mucronatis pune-

tatis et saepe leviter pilosis ; petioli 3-5 mm. longi, interdum alati.

Pedunculi terminales, plerumque geminati, graciles, usque ad 2 em.

longi, folia superantes, breviter pubescentes. Capitula solitaria,

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 395

minima, late depresso-campanulata, circiter 3 mm. diametro et 2. mm.

alta. Involucri bracteae ovato-lanceolatae, acutae, circiter 1°25 mm.

longae, parce puberulae. Flores 2 1-seriati; corolla brevissima,

glabra ; achaenia fertilia, leviter compressa, obovoidea 1:5 mm, longa,

dense papilloso-pilosa. Flores 3 pauci; corollae tubus apicem versus

valde expansus, 2 mm. longus, lobis subacutis. Achaenia minuta.

Cape: Ceres Division ; damp places at the head of Mitchell’s Pass,

Ceres, 1080 ft., fls. white, Pearson, 3534.

[Also collected by Bolus in October, 1873, in the same locality at

about 1800 ft. (Bolus, No. 2616); Rehmann, No. 2662, from the

mountains above Worcester, may also belong here; the leaf-lobes are

a little narrow and not so abruptly mucronate as in the other

specimens. |

This is a most charming and neat little plant which has been passing

in herbaria under the name of Hippia gracilis, Less., var. repens,

Harv. I consider it to be distinct from the type of this variety, which

is at Kew, and it may readily be separated by its petiolate palmately

3-5-partite leaves with much broader conspicuously mucronate lobes.

I have much pleasure in associating with it the name of Mrs. F. Bolus,

who is sufficiently well known in connection with South African

Botany to need further mention.

CINERARIA, Linn.

1. C. aspera, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 672.

Khamiesberg: Under rocks on kopje south-west of Leliefontein

Mission Station, 63038.

Distrrpution.—South Upper Region and Karoo eastward to

Stockenstrom.

2. C. erosa, Harv. in Harv. et Sond. FI. Cap. ii. 309.

Cape: Among rocks on hill-tops at Hottentot’s Kloof, 4900.

Karoo: Between Gansfontein and Pappekuil, 5035.

Distrripution.—South-western districts.

3. C. canescens, Wendl. Obs. ex Link. Enum. Hort. Berol. ii.

332.

Little Namaqualand: Lithophyte on granite rocks in crevices,

Nieuwerust, 5512.

Little Bushmanland: In dry ravine 15 miles north of Alewyn’s

Fontein, 3000 ft., bush 1-2 ft., 3932.

Disrripution.—Previously collected by Drége and Whitehead in

Little Namaqualand,

396 Annals of the South African Museum.

4. C. lobata, L’ Herit. Sert. Angl. 24, t. 34.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains; foothills of Cold Bokkeveld,

opposite Baths, heads yellow, 7005.

Khamiesberg: Khamiesberg plateau, in shade of granite block,

3000 ft., fls. yellow, 6259.

Distrisution.—Previously recorded mostly from the eastern

districts.

5. C. lyrata, DC. Prodr. vi. 308.

Khamiesberg : Summit and upper south-western slopes of Sneeuw-

kop, among rocks, 5762.

DistRiputTion.—Previously known only from the south-eastern

districts, from Bedford to Orange River Colony and Natal.

SENECIO, L.

1. 8. lazus, DC. Prodr. vi. 381.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., 7449.

Khamiesberg: Bitterfontein, 6557; Kharkams, damp sandy places,

6636 ; Khoms Ravine, upper part among bushes, 6637 ; 6641.

Disrripution.—Little Namaqualand to Vanrhynsdrop Division.

2. S. abruptus, Thunb. Prodr. Fl. Cap. 159.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains; foot of mountains behind

Farmers’ Baths, fls. yellow, 6953.

Distrisution.— Paarl, Tulbagh, and Cape Divisions.

3. S. repandus, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 683.

Cape: Mitchell’s Pass, Ceres, 1080 ft., 3537. Oliphant’s River

Mountains: 7708; 7715.

DistrisutTion.—Cape districts.

4. S. paarlensis, DC. Prodr. vi. 383.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains ; foot of mountains near Baths,

fls. yellow, 6972.

Disrrisution.—Paarl, Caledon, and Tulbagh Divisions.

5. S. glutinosus, Thunb. Prodr. Fl. Cap. 158.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., fls. yellow, 7406, 7656.

DistRiputiIon,—Cuape Division to Albany and in the Transvaal.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 397

6. S. arenarius, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 680.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains; kloof below Baths, fis. purplish-

red, 6981.

Distripution.— Western and South-western districts around the

Cape Division.

7. S. cakilefolius, DC. Prodr. vi. 408.

Khamiesberg: Bitterfontein, common, rays light purple, 6491.

Distripution.—Little Namaqualand.

Fig. 8.—Senecio crepidiformis, n.sp. A, whole plant, nat. size; B, ray-

flower, x 6; C, disk-flower, x 8; D, pappus-seta of same; E, invo-

luere, x 3.

8. Senecio crepidiformis, Hutchinson, sp. nov. (fig. 8); affinis S.

hastulato, sed fere acaulis, foliis radicalibus et capitulis minoribus

differt.

Herba pumila usque ad 11 cm. alta; rhizoma ? erectum, gracile,

paucicephalum, petiolis persistentibus dense indutum. Folia omnia

radicalia, longepetiolata, pinnatilobata, ambitu lineari-lanceolata, apice

398 Annals of the South African Museum.

subobtusa, petiolum includentia 4—5°5 em. longa, 4-8 mm. lata, glabra,

margine recurvata, lobulis lateralibus oblongis vel triangulari-oblongis

obtusis. Peduneuli scapigeri, graciles, usque ad 12 em. longi, elabri,

bracteis parvis subulatis parce induti. Capitula radiata, tubuloso-

campanulata, 6 mm. longa, vix 1 em. expansa. Involucri bracteae

eirciter 12, ecalyculatae, lineares, subacutae, 3°5 mm. longae, 0°6 mm.

latae, margine hyalinae, apice brevissime ciliatae. Flores radii pauci ;

corollae tubus cylindricus, 1:5 mm. longus, glaber; limbus lineari-

oblongus, apice tridentatus, 5 mm. longus, striatus ; pappus parvus.

Flores disci numerosi ; corollae tubus angustus, 3 mm. loneus, striatus,

glaber ; lobi 5, lanceolati. Achaenia angusta, glabra. Pappus copiosus,

albus.

Khamiesberg : Beacon Hill (2) two miles south-east of Leliefontein,

in shade of rocks, middle slopes about 5200 ft., ray-fls. yellow, Pearson,

6377.

9. Senecio Pearsonii, Hutchinson, sp. nov. (fig. 9); species affinis

S. hypochoeridei, DC., sed foliis minus serratis, achaeniis striatim

papillosis nec omnino pubescentibus differt.

Herba perennis usque ad 40 cm. alta; caules subsimplici vel

superne parce ramosi, parce foliati, longitudinaliter sulcati, minutissime

puberuli, e rhizomate horitontali foliorum basibus persistentibus dense

induto orti. Folia radicalia erecta, linearia, basi vaginata, apice

indurato-obtusa, usque ad 17 em. longa, 3-6 mm. lata, sicco rigide

coriacea et longitudinaliter rugulosa, marginibus revolutis repando-

denticulatis, utrinque glabra; folia caulina bracteiformia, lineari-

lanceolata, acuta, circiter 15 cm. longa, minute puberula. Capitula

5—9 in racemos vel subcorymbos disposita, disciformia, 1°5 em. longa,

flava. Involucrum campanulatum, 1-2 em. longum, basi parce calicu-

latum; bracteae circiter 20-25, lineares, subacutae, mareinibus

membranaceis hvalinis, extra minute scabrido-puberulae. Achaenia

angusta, 6 mm. longa, sicco nigra et costata, minute striatim albo-

papillosa. Pappus gracilis, corollae aequilongus, albus, minute barbel-

latus. Corollae tubus 9 mm. longus, elaber.

Khamiesberg: Among rocks on granite kopje south-west of Lelie-

fontein Mission Station, subsucculent, fls. yellow, Pearson, 6310.

10. S. erosus, Linn, f. Suppl. 370.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains, 7709.

Distripution.— Western and south-western Districts.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 399

Fic. 9,—Senecio Pearsonii, Hutchinson, n.sp. A, whole plant, x 3;

B, leaf, nat. size.

400 Annals of the South African Musewm.

11. S. hastulatus, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1218.

Cape: Roadside between Hottentot’s Kloof and Karoopoort, 4827.

Khamiesberg: Kharhams, damp shady places, 6711.

Disrrisution.— Widely distributed throughout the Colony.

12. S. cymbalarifolius, Less., var. rotundifolius, DC. Prodr. vi.

438.

Cape: Top of Oliphant’s River Mountains, beyond Baths, heads

purplish-red, 6949 ; heads rust-coloured, 5955, 7707.

Distripution —Districts around the Cape Division.

A very beautiful plant even in the dried state, the under-surface of

the leaves retaining its carmine-purple colour.

13. S. incertus, DC. Prodr. vi. 4338.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains; near Baths, fls. white, 6876.

Disrrisution.—Clanwilliam, Tulbagh, and Paarl Divisions.

14. S. cinerascens, Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. i. ii. 191.

Khamiesberg: Among granite blocks on hills east of T'wee Riviern,

bush 2-8 ft.,6787; roadside on south side of pass between Bowesdorp

and Groot Gaas, bush 5-4 ft. high (also in middle western slopes of

Sneeuwkop), 5850; Riet Fontein, common on tops of hills, bush, 3-4 ft.

3449.

DistriputTion.—Occurs also in Clanwilliam.

15. S. pubigerus, Linn. Pl. Afr. Rar. 21.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains; foothills of Cold Bokkeveld,

heads yellow, 6988.

DistriputTion.—Paarl, Caledon, and Cape Divisions.

16. S. lyratus, Linn. f. Suppl. 369.

Cape: Among Palmiet in Oliphant’s River, about 10 ft. high, 5258 ;

dry hillsides north of Hex River, among bushes, fls. white, 5259.

Distripution.—Cape, Swellendam, and Uitenhage Divisions.

17. S. juniperinus, Linn. f. Suppl. 371.

Cape: Hill slopes above Hottentot’s Kloof, 4914.

Khamiesberg: Marshy ground 1} miles south-west of Leliefontein,

5000 ft., straggling bush 3 ft., 6837; damp places middle Khamiesberg

plateau, north-east of Leliefontein, 4000 ft., 6545.

DisrrisuTion.— Western and south-western districts generally.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 401

18. S. vestitus, Berg. Cap. 282.

Khamiesberg: Among rocks on kopje south-west of Leliefontein,

8-42 ft. high, 6200; Beacon Hill, 2 miles south-east of Leliefontein,

among rocks near summit on south-west side, about 5400 ft., bush

2-3 ft., 6361, 6362; upper north-west slopes of Sneeuwkop, 58234 ;

summit of ridge of Reitkloof Mountain, bush 6 ft., 5698.

Distrisution.—Previously collected by Drege in Little Namaqua-

land.

19. S. tenwilobus, DC. Prodr. vi. 398.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., fls. creamish-white, 7440.

Khamiesberg : Upper southern slopes of Sneeuwkop, bush 4 ft. high,

5791; Reitkloof Mountain, near summit, northern slopes, 5704.

Disrrizution.—Little Namaqualand and Stellenbosch.

20. S. actinoleuwcus, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, viii.€40.

S. leucoglossus, Sond. in Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. i. (1863), non

F. Muell. (1860).

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains; mountain side behind Baths

shrub, fils. yellow, 6987.

Disrrisution.—Ceres and Tulbagh Divisions.

21. S. parvifolius, DC. Prodr. vi. 396.

Khamiesberg: Beacon Hill (2), 6645.

Distrrisution.—Little Namaqualand and Ceres.

22. S. paniculatus, Berg. Pl. Cap. 277.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountaims; road to Moddertontein, fls.

yellow, 6978.

Disrrisution.—Widely distributed almost over the whole Colony.

23. S. angustifolius, Willd. Sp. Pl. ui. 1973.

Cape: Veld beyond top of pass above Leeuwfontein, 3198; roadside

between Hottentot’s Kloof and Karoopoort, 4819.

Distrrisution.—Clanwilliam and Tulbagh Divisions.

24. S. niveus, Less. Syn. 392.

Bushmanland: In sand about 8 miles south-west of Bitterfontein

fls. yellow, 3867.

Little Namaqualand: South side of mountain pass south of Klip-

plaat, 1600 ft., coarse herb 3 ft. high, 3863 ; roadside between Mesklip

and Blaustaassie, bush 2} ft. high, 5892.

Upper Region: River-bed at Loeriesfontein, 2500 ft., 4861.

Disrrisution.— Western and Cape districts.

4,02 Annals of the South African Museum.

Fra. 10.—Senecio ecrassicaulis, Hutchinson, n.sp.; nat. size.

25. S. longiflorus, Sch. Bip. in Flora, xxviii. 499.

Kleima longiflora, DC.; Harv. in Harv. and Sond. Fl. Cap. iii. 316.

Khamiesberg : Rietfontein, top of gneiss kopje, 3-4 ft. high, 3039.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 403

Bushmanland: Among rocks on granite hills near Tweefontein,

3-4 ft. high, stems succulent, 3042; Agennys, lower slopes, 3000 ft.,

bush 8 ft., 3539.

DistriputTion.—Griqualand West, Middelburg, Cradock, Graaff

Reinet, Transvaal, and Ngamiland.

26. Senecio crassicaulis, Hutchinson, sp. nov. (fig. 10); affinis

S. cotyledoni, DC., sed caulibus et ramis crassioribus, foliorum basibus

persistentibus muricatis, involucri bracteis basi demum induratis et

incrassatis coneretis differt.

Frutex circiter 1 m. altus; caulis et rami crassi, carnosi, foliorum

basibus persistentibus valde muricati, glabri. Folia carnosa lineari-

lanceolata, acuta, 3°5-5 em. longa, 3-4 mm. lata, carnosa, crassa,

glabra. Capitula florifera non visa, fructifera pendula, pedunculata ;

pedunculi graciles, 2 cm. longi, brunnei, glabri. Involucrwm cylin-

dricum basi incrassatum, 1 cm. longum; bracteae sicco brunneae,

lineares, sulcatae, glabrae; corollae non visae. Achaenia omnia fer-

tilia, subcylindrica, 3 mm. longa, breviter pubescentia, apice annulo

cartilagineo coronata. Pappus copiosus, albus, 1 cm. longus, fere

laevis.

Little Namaqualand: High up on Rattel Poort Mountain, leaves

succulent, shrub 3-4 ft., Pearson, 2987 ; last outspan south of Nieuwe-

fontein, on gneissic kopje, Pearson, 3065.

Bushmanland : Lower slopes of kopje on sandy plain north-east of

Klipplaat, 1600 ft., aromatic bush, 4 ft. high, fls. dead, Pearson, 3070 ;

mountain slopes near Tweefontein, shrub 4 ft., Pearson, 3046.

27. S. viridiflorus, Hutchinson, sp. nov. (fig. 11) ; affinis S. thermarum,

Bolus, sed folis dentatis, capitulis majoribus, achaeniis longioribus

differt.

Rhizoma lignosum, paucicephalum ; caules erecti, 30 cm. longi,

lignosi, flavi, glabri, teretes, basin versus foliati, superne in pedun-

culis nudis elongati. Folia sessilia, oblanceolata vel lineari-oblanceo-

lata, apice obtusa, basi attenuata, 2-5 cm. longa, 0°5-1'5 em. lata,

rigide chartacea, obtuse repando-dentata vel integra, valde glauca,

juniora pilosa demum glabra; costa media utrinque distincta, nervis

lateralibus paucis arcuatis subdistinctis. Capitula flavo-viridia, in-

aequaliter longe pedunculata, discoidea, 1:5 em. longa, circiter 1:2 em.

diametro; pedunculi usque ad 17 em. longi, erecti, apicem versus

incrassati, glabri. Involuerum late campanulatum, 1 em. longum;

bracteae circiter 10, inaequilatae, oblongae vel oblongo-lanceolatae,

coriaceae, marginibus anguste membranaceis, usque ad 5 mm. latae,

glabrae, éxtra indistincte striatae. 'Achaenia hneari-oblonga, 5 mm.

404, Annals of the South African Museum.

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and flower head, nat. size; B, corolla; C, anther: D, style arms;

BE, achene and pappus. Enlarged.

longa, 5-angulata, angulis dense papillosis, inter angulos glabra.

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Pappus corollae tubo aequilongus, albus, sericeus, minute barbellatus.

Corollae tubus inferne anguste cylindricus, supra medium tubuloso-

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 405

campanulatus, 7 mm. longus, glaber ; lobi5, oblongo-lanceolati, obtusi,

minutissime pubescentes. Antherae acutae. Styli ramis truncatis

appendiculatis.

Great Namaqualand: Buchholzbrunn, among stones in river-bed,

fls. greenish yellow, Pearson, 3636,

[ Damaraland : Welwitsch, Galpin & Pearson, 7677. |

28. S. sp., near S. othonnaeflorus, DC.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., 7405.

This is perhaps a new species, but the material at hand is scarcely

sufficient for an adequate description.

EURYOPS, Cass.

1. EH. Athanasiae, Less. Syn. 394.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., frequent, tall bush 2-5 ft. high, 7444 ;

Oliphant’s River Mountains, foot of mountains near Baths, heads

yellow, 6964.

Distrisution.—Piquetberg, Clanwilliam, and (according to Harvey )

Tulbagh Divisions.

2. H. Dregeanus, Sch. Bip. in Flora, xxviii. 51.

Khamiesberg: Khamsoap Rayine, bush 23-3 ft., 6556.

Little Namaqualand: Kopje at Nieuwefontein, 2700 ft., 3470.

Distrisution.—Little Namaqualand and Vanrhynsdorp Division.

3. EH. tenuissimus, Less. Syn. 394,

Cape: Giftberg, on stony ground, 1—-2000 ft., 7424.

Little Namaqualand: Summit of hill south-west of Chubiessis

outspan (Richtersveld), 6158.

Khamiesbere: Vogelklip, just below the summit, 5925; middle

and upper slopes of Zuurberg (Anegas), common shrub, 3-4 ft. high,

6266.

Distripution.—Clanwilliam through the Karoo to Uitenhage.

4. Kuryops khamiesbergensis, Hutchinson, sp. nov. (fig. 12); affinis

E. tenuissimo, Less., sed foliis angustioribus longioribus subteretibus

nec complanatis, pedunculis gracilibus, involucri bracteis numerosi-

oribus differt.

Frutex 2-25 m. altus; rami fohorum basibus persistentibus arcte

verrucosi; ramuli dense foliati, albo-lanati. Folia acicularia integra

vel rarius piunatisecta, apice acuta, basi breviter decurrentia, usque

ad 7 cm. longa, subteretia, sicco verruculosa, glabra, pleruinque dense

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Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 407

gallifera. Capitula longepedunculata ; pedunculi graciles, foliis bre-

viores ; basin versus interdum parce lanati, ceterum glabri. Involucra

late campanulata ; bracteae circiter 10, inferne connatae, circiter 5mm.

longae, parte libera ovato-triangulari acuminata dorso tricostata

glabra. Flores radii circiter 3 cm. expansi, flavi; corollae tubus

brevis; limbus lineari-lanceolatus, apice tridentatus, 1:2 em. longus,

2°5 mm. latus, glaber; styli rami exserti. Flores disci numerosi;

corollae tubus superne expansus, 1°5 mm. longus, glaber; lobi 5,

lanceolati, obtusi, 1 mm. longi. Achaenia pubescentia. Pappus

densus, barbellatus, albus.

Khamiesberg : Namaroup, shrub 6-8 ft., common among rocks, ray

fils. yellow, Pearson 6594, [Also collected by the Rev. W. Morris

(Bolus Herb. 5760) near O’okiep, Namaqualand, and by Schlechter

(11102) at Brakdam, Little Namaqualand }.

Most of the leaves in Pearson’s and Schlechter’s specimens are

densely covered with galls.

5. EH. lateriflorus, Less. Syn. 304.

Cape: Ascent of Pass above Leeuwfontein, 3199; between Leeuw-

fontein and Hottentot’s Kloof, 3200.

Little Namaqualand: Summit of hill south-west of Chubiessis out-

span (Richtersveld), 6186.

Bushmanland: Upper mountain slopes at Kweekfontein, 3700 ft.,

shrub 4 ft. high, ‘‘ Rapace Bosch,” 3817.

Khamiesberg : Common with Rhenosterbosch, chiefly on lower slopes

of hills, south-west of Leliefontein Mission, 3-10 ft., 6315.

Upper Region: Plateau on top of Blaukrantz Pass, bush 3 ft.,

3907.

DistrisutTion.—Karoo and Upper Regions generally.

6. H. namaquensis, Schlechter.

Upper Region: Upper slopes of ravines, Loeriesfontein, 2700 ft.,

4859.

Distrizution.—Little Namaqualand.

7. E. multifidus, DC. Prod, vi. 444.

Bushmanland: Common on slopes, Aggenys, bush 3 ft., 2939;

Ougrabies, 3000 ft., common on upper slopes, bush 3 ft.,.3570.

Khamiesberg: Beacon Hill 2, common bush 5 ft., fils. yellow,

6642.

Great Namaqualand: Schakalskuppe, hill tops, 5600 ft , 4230.

DistrisutTion.—Clanwilliam through the Karoo and Upper Region

to Graaff Reinet.

408 Annals of the South African Museum.

GYMNODISCUS, Less.

1. G. capillaris, Less. Syn. 89.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., 7422; Oliphant’s River Mountains; in

alluvial sand of the river valley, 6992; on the road to Modderfontein,

6993.

DistRIBUTION.—Cape and Western districts and at Mossel Bay.

2. G. linearifolius, DC. Prodr. vi. 469.

Khamiesberg: In old cornfields, Witsand, 6704.

DistrisuTion.—Great Bushmanland and Little Namaqualand.

OTHONNA, Linn.

1. O. Pavonia, E. Mey. ex DC. Prodr. vi. 473.

Cape: Biesjes Rivier, roadside, shrub 3 ft., fls. yellow, 5165,

Khamiesberg: Plateau north-east of Leliefontein, about 4000 ft.,

shrub 2-3 ft., among rocks, 6339.

Distrisution.—Clanwilliam, Murraysberg to Graaff Reinet and

Queenstown Divisions.

2. O. ramulosa, DC. Prodr. vi. 477.

Karoo: River-bed at Zoutpansdrift, 2000 ft., bush 4 ft. high, 5010 ;

also seen between Hottentot’s Kloof and Karooport (Cape).

DistrisutTion.— Worcester, Willowmore and Beaufort West.

3. O. amplexicaulis, Thunb., var. denticulata, Harv. in Harv. et

Sond. Fl. Cap. 11. 335.

Cape: Giftberg, herbaceous plant 3-4 ft. bigh, fls. yellow, 7451,

7452.

DistrisutTion.—Clanwilliam to Paarl eastward to Uitenhage.

4. O. cylindrica, DC. Prodr. vi. 477.

Cape: Sand flats between Driefontein and Heerenlogement, bush

2-3 ft. high, fls. yellow, 6811.

Distrisution.—Occurs also in Clanwilliam and in the Great

Karasberg.

5. O. retrorsa, DC., var. linearifolia, Harv. in Harv. et Sond. FI.

Cap. ui. 339.

Khamiesberg: forming a hemispherical cushion in rock crevices

below summit on the western side of Sneeuwkop, 5808.

Distrisution.—Apparently confined to Little Namaqualand.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 409

6. O. amplezifolia, DC. Prodr. vi. 480.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains, top of mountain behind Baths,

in clefts of rocks in shade, fis. yellow, 6976.

DisrripuTion.—Tulbagh, Paarl and Worcester.

7. O. macrophylla, DC. Prodr. vi. 480.

Khamiesberg: Kharkams, damp shady places, 6584.

Disrrrsutrion.—Little Namaqualand and Van Rhynsdorp Division.

8. O. floribunda, Schlechter in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 214,

Khamiesberg: Hills above Twee Rivieren, bush with yellow fis.,

6806.

Distrrisution.—Little Namaqualand and Van Rhynsdorp.

9. Othonna ovalifolia, Hutchinson, sp. nov. (fig. 13); affinis O.

macrophyllae, DC., sed foliis basi in petiolum brevem attenuatis,

involucri bracteis longe acuminatus diftert.

Planta usque ad 18 em. alta; caulis basi (vel rhizoma apice ?)

arachnoideo-tomentosus, tricephalus. Folia fere omnia radicalia,

ovato-elliptica, basi in petiolum brevem attenuata, apice acuta, 4-8 cm.

longa, 1-5-5 em. lata, distante repando-denticulata, coriacea, utrinque

glabra, infra subglauca; costa utrinque prominens, ad apicem laminae

sensim angustata; nervi laterales utrinsecus circiter 4, a costa sub

angulo 45° abeuntes, utrinque prominuli, ramosi; petioli ad 1 cm.

longi; folia caulina pauca, bracteiformia, ovato-lanceolata, ad 2 cm.

longa, denticulata. Pedunculi laterales 1-4 cm. longi, striati, glauci,

glabri. Involucri bracteae circiter 14, oblongo-lanceolatae, subacute

acuminatae, 8 mm. longae, 2 mnu. latae, coriaceae, margine anguste

membranaceae, apice puberulae, ceterum glabrae. Flores radii circiter

14, conspicui; corollae tubus eylindricus, 3 mm. longus, glaber ;

limbus lineari-oblongus, 1 cm. longus, 3 mm. latus, conspicue 4-nervius,

apice trifidus ; achaenia brevissima, angularia, fere glabra; pappus

copiosissimus, albus, setis 5 mm. longis barbellatis. Flores disci

numerosi; corollae tubus 4 mm. longus, glaber; lobi ovati, obtusi ;

achaenia sterilia, linearia, complanata, glabra ; pappi setae paucae,

4 mm. longae, albae, minutissime barbellatae.

Khamiesberg: Among rocks near summit of Beacon Hill 2, fis.

yellow, Pearson, 6670.

9. O. eneorifolia, Sch. Bip. in Flora, xxvii. 769.

Khamiesberg : Granite crevices of kopje, south-west of Leliefontein

Mission Station, bush 3-4 ft., 6316; among rocks above streams

Groenkloof, fls. white, 6616; near summit of Beacon Hill (2), fis.

410 Annals of the South African Museum.

Fig. 138.—Othonna ovalifolia, Hutchinson, n. sp. Whole plant, nat. size.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 411

white, 6634; crevices of bare rock near summit of Vogelklip, bush

24 ft. with slightly succulent leaves, 5935.

Little Namaqualand : Top of Rattel Poort Mountain, Shrub 3-4 ft.,

2983.

Distrizution.—Previously known only from the above two

districts.

10. O. arbuscula, Sch. Bip. in Flora, xxvii. 762.

- Bushmanland: Gneissic kopjes near Nieuwefontein, woody, leafless

at date of collecting (December 20th, 1908), 3492.

Khamiesberg: Common on middle and upper slopes of Zuurberg

(Anegas), also very common on rocky slopes on Khamiesberg Plateau,

bush 3-5 ft., with aromatic wood, 6261; middle and upper northern

slopes Reitkloof Mountain, bush 2} ft. high, 5712; upper south-west

slopes of Vogelklip, common from base to summit, 5917.

Little Namaqualand: Middle slopes of the Rattel Poort Mountain,

bush (leafless) 3-5 ft. high, exuding gum known as “ Hottentot Glue,”

2975.

Distrisution.—Previously known only from Clanwilham and

Calvinia Divisions.

11. O. perfoliata, Jacq. Hort. Schoenb. i. 61, t. 240.

Doria perfoliata, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 663.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains; top of mountains behind Baths,

semi-succulent, 6966.

Khamiesberg : Among bushes at head of Khoms Ravine, 6717.

DistriputTion:— Western and extreme South-western Districts.

12. Othonna divaricata, Hutchinson, sp. nov. (fig. 14); affinis

P. arborescenti, Linn., sed minus carnosa, pedunculis multo brevioribus

differt.

Frutex divaricatus, 1-1:25 m. altus; ramuli subdichotome fureati,

breves, foliati, parce cano-pubescentes. Folia ambitu oblanceolata, ad

basin sensim angustata, parce pinnatifida, apice triangularia, 2-4 cm.

longa, 0°7-1°3 em. lata, subcarnosa vel coriacea, lobulis lateralibus

ovato-triangularibus acutis vel subacutis circiter 3 mm. longis et 2 min.

latis, utrinque glabra, l-nervia. Capitula axillaria, solitaria, breviter

pedunculata, turbinata, discoidea, 1 cm. longa et lata; pedunculi vix

1 cm. longi, satis graciles, glabri. Involucri bracteae circiter 6, infra

medium liberae, ovato-lanceolatae, subacutae, 0°8 cm. longae, 3 mm.

latae, glabrae, margine membranaceae. Pappus florum radii albus,

corollae fere aequilongus, barbellatus, florum disci minus copiosus et

412 Annals of the South African Musewm.

brevior. Corolla 4 mm. longa, glabra. Achaenia radii 1 mm. longa

glabra, disci linearia, 2 mm. longa.

Khamiesberg : Twee Rivieren, 500 ft. above settlement facing west,

spreading bush 3-5 ft., not common, fis. scarce, Pearson, 6829.

13. Othonna euphorbioides, Hutchinson, sp. nov. (fig. 15) ; species

insignis habitu Hwphorbiae, foliis multo reductis, pedunculis bifurcatis

demum spinescentibus valde distincta.

Caules robusti, crassi, breves, duri, pedunculis bifurcatis persisten-

tibus spinosi, cortice laeve glabro obtecti. Folia reducta, pauca,

Fic. 14.—Othonna divaricata, Hutchinson, n. sp. A, flowering shoot,

nat. size ; B, flower; C, pappus bristle, both enlarged.

circum bases pedunculorum subverticillata, anguste oblanceolata, vel

spatulato-oblanceolata, 1-1°3 cm. longa, 2-3 mm. lata, crassa et pro-

babiliter carnosa, glabra, e pulvino cano-tomentoso orta. Pedunewli

rigidi, superne plerumque bifurcati, ad 2°5 em. longi, glabri. Cavitula

minima, turbinato-campanulata, discoidea, circiter 5 mm. diametro.

Involucrum 3 mm. longum, 5-lobatum, lobis ovato-triangularibus sub-

acutis 1 mm. longis glabris. Flores radii breviter ligulati; corolla

pappo brevior, apice bifida. Achaenia brevia, 1 mm. longa, crassa,

glabra. Pappus copiosissimus, albus, plerumque 2°5 mm. longus,

minute barbellatus. Flores disci steriles; corollae tubus 2 mm.

longus, glaber; lobi oblongi, obtusi, 1 mm longi. Achaenia angusta,

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 413

elongata, glabra, 1:25 mm. longa. Pappus minus copiosus, ceterum

ut in floribus radii.

Khamiesberg: In clefts of rocks, upper North-west slopes of

Sneeuwkop, Pearson & Pillans, 5795; South-east slopes of Sneeuw-

Fia. 15.—Othonna ewphorbioides, Hutchinson, n.sp. A, flowering shoot,

nat. size ; B, female corollas and achene; C, male flower, and D, pappus

seta of same; E, flower head, x 4.

kop, above Modderfontein, rock crevices, Pearson & Pillans, 5858 ;

cushion plant, 9 in. to 1 ft. high, in crevices of granite on Beacon

Hill, North-west of Leliefontein, 5500 ft., Pearson, 6326.

This is a very remarkable species with the habit of a Euphorbia;

the peduncles become indurated and spiny.

414, Annals of the South African Museum.

14. Othonna papaveroides, Hutchinson, sp. noy.; species caule basi

dense arachnoideo-villoso, foliis radicalibus papaveriformibus dis-

tincta.

Herbacea, usque ad 35 cm. alta, basi dense arachnoideo-villosa.

Folia radicalia pinnatisecta, usque ad 23 cm. longa, 6-8 cm. expansa,

chartacea, glabra; rhachis plus minusve alatus, compressus ; lobi

utrinque 6-7, parce sinuato-lobati, lobulis minute mucronatis margine

cartilagineis, tenuiter reticulati, usque ad 4 em. longi et 3°5 cm. lati.

Scapus solitarius, tricephalus ; rami 3-6 em. longi, glabri; bracteae

late ovatae, circiter 5 mm. longae, intra dense intricato-villosae.

Capitula subcampanulata, 138 cm. longa, circiter 2 cm. expansa.

Involucri bracteae 8, lanceolatae vel oblongo-lanceolatae, 8-10 mm.

longae, 3°5-45 mm. latae, carnosae, margine membranaceae, purpura-

scentes, glabrae. Flores radii conspicui; achaenia cano-tomentosa ;

pappus amplus, 5-6 mm. longus, albescens; flores disci numerosi,

steriles; achaenia elongata, striata, glabra; pappus depauperatus,

3 mm. longus; corollae tubus 4 mm. longus, glaber.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., H. P. Phillips, 7397, 7654.

DIMORPHOTHECA, Vattu.

1. D. annua, Less. Syn. 257.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains, 7712; near Toll, Pickenier’s

Pass, 5104; alluvial sand in Oliphant’s River Valley, fls. yellow, 6951 ;

sand flats between Driefontein and Heerenlogement.

Khamiesberg: Draaiklip, 6838.

Disrrinution.—Western and Cape districts generally.

2. D nudicauls, DC. Prodr. vi. 71.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains ; kloof below Baths, rays warm

hght brown outside, white inside, 6950.

Distrisution.— Western and south-western districts.

3. D. cuneata, Less. Syn. 257.

Khamiesberg: Khamsoap Ravine, round bush 23 ft., rays yellow to

yellowish-brown, 6540.

Disrrisution : Chiefly Upper Region.

4. D. polyptera, DC. Prodr. vi. 73.

Bushmanland: Lower slopes East of Aus, 3000 ft., coarse bush

3-4 ft. 4718; Alewyn’s Fontein, 2900 ft, 3328, 8338; without precise

locality, 3440; 8 miles south-west of Bitterfontein, fls. yellow, 3865.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 415

Little Namaqualand : Rattel Poort Mountain, straggling bush

4 ft. high, ray fils. yellow, 2968; veld between Klipplaat and a point

about 10 miles to the north-east, 1600-1700 ft., 3306; sandy river-bed

at Brakrivier, 1600 ft., fis. yellow, 3906; Modderfontein Pass

(Richtersveld), 5992; TcAlee Mountains (Richtersveld), 6141.

Disrrrpution.—Also in Carnarvon Division.

5. D. Dregei, DC. Prodr. vi. 72.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., near stream, not common, fls. dirty

white with a light purple streak on the outside of the ray-florets, 7421.

Olipkant’s River Mountains; top of mountains behind Baths, heads

yellow, 6980.

DisrriputTion.—Clanwilliam.

6. D. pinnata, Harv. in Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. i. 423.

Khamiesberg: Stinkfontein, ray fls. deep orange, purple at the base,

disk yellow, 6568.

DISTRIBUTION. — Western districts.

7. Dimorphotheca acutifolia, Hutchinson, sp. nov.; affinis D.

aurantiacae, DC., sed foliis acutis non scabrido-ciliatis differt.

Herba (annua ?) basi lgnosa ; caulis parce vel vix ramosus, usque

ad 30 em. longus, anguste alatus, elaber. Folia lnearia, acuta, basi in

caule decurrentia, 3°5-5 em. longa, 2-4 mm. lata, parce denticulata vel

integra, glabra, l-nervia. Caprtula solitaria, pedunculata, circiter

4, em. expansa ; pedunculus 3-4°5 cm, longus, nudus vel subnudus,

apicem versus scabrido-puberulus. — Involucri bracteae circiter 12,

1-seriatae, lineari-lanceolatae, sensim et acute acuminatae, 1:2 cm.

longae, 2°5 mm. latae, extra scabrido-puberulae, superne ciliatae,

margine membranaceae. Flores radii 12, supra “ flavi vel albi,” infra

rubro-brunnei vel virides ; corollae tubus anguste cylindricus, 3 mm.

longus, subvillosus ; limbus 2-2°5 cm. longus, 6 mm. latus, 4-nervius,

apice trifidus. Achuenia matura non visa.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., locally frequent, bush 9-12 in. high,

Phillips, 7434; alluvial sand of Oliphant’s River Valley; ray fils.

yellow with two green stripes down the back of each, Stephens, 6901 ;

top of mountains behind Baths, ray fls. yellow inside, brown-striped

outside, Stephens, 6952; same locality, ray fls. yellow, purple-veined

outside, Stephens, 6957 ; heads white, reddish-brown below, Stephens,

6965 ©

416 Annals of the South African Museum.

8. D. dentata, Harv. in Harv. and Sond. Fl. Cap. iii. 423.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., shrubby, 9-12 in. high; fls. bright

orange, 7425.

Distrisution.— Only known from Clanwilliam.

TRIPTERIS, Less.

1. T. glabrata, Harv. in Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. iii. 425.

Bushmanland: Upper mountain slopes at Kweekfontein, 3700 ft.

bush 4 ft., 3811.

Disrrisution.—Clanwilliam, Van Rhyn’s Dorp, and Little Nama-

qualand.

2. T. sinuata, DC. Prodr. vi. 456.

Little Namaqualand: Klipkalk, 6507; Vaarsche Rivier, dry stony

hills, low bush 4-1 ft., 6514.

Upper Region: Ravine at Loeriesfontein, 2500 ft., 4849 (also at

Kopjeskraal).

Great Namaqualand : Stony places about 30 km. north of Raman’s

Drift, shrub 2 ft., fils. yellow, 4005.

Distripution.—Little Namaqualand, Van Rhyn’s Dorp, in the

Upper Region (Carnarvon), and Karoo (Prince Albert and Willow-

more).

3. T. microcarpa, Harv. in Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. ili. 427.

Cape: Common in dry river-bed South of Bakhuis, coarse herb

3-4 ft., 5443,

Bushmanland: Gneissic kopje 8 miles south or south-west of

Bitterfontein, 3428.

Khamiesberg: Dry slopes of Khom’s Ravine, ray yellow, with.

tinge of brown, 6482; Stinkfontein, common in sand, fis. yellow,

6569.

Little Namaqualand : Common among rocks in pass on south side

of Klpplaat, coarse herb 5 ft. high, whole surface sticky, fls. yellow,

3286.

Disrrisution.—Occurs also in Damaraland.

4. T. clandestina, Less. in Linnaea, v. 97.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., 7659.

Oliphant’s River Mountains: Road to Modderfontein, 6954.

Khamiesberg: Sandy ground at Stinkfontem, rays yellow, dark-

lined, 6570.

DistRisutTion.—A common weed in the Cape and western districts.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 417

5. T. petiolata, DC. Prodr. vi. 457.

Cape : Oliphant’s River Mountains, kloof below Baths, bush 2-3 ft.

high, fls. yellow, 6963.

Khamiesberg: Khom’s Ravine, dry slopes, 4500 ft., bush 24 ft.,

6481; Namaroep, diffuse bush, straggling over rocks and growing in

large masses, fis. yellow, 6580.

Disrripution.—Malmesbury and Little Namaqualand.

6. T. spinescens, Harv. in Harv. et Sond. FI. Cap. i. 431.

Bushmanland: Sandy bed of Daweep River at Rietfontein, busb

8-10 ft., fls. yellow, 6231.

Distrrpution.—Murraysburg, Graaff Reinet, and Albert Divisions.

7”. |. karroica, Bolus in Trans. 8. Afr. Phil. Soe. xvi. 394.

Great Namaqualand: Crevices in kopje between Dabaigabis and

Griindoorn, 4200 ft., aromatic bush, fis. yellow, 3157; Schakalskuppe,

upper slopes, 5500 ft., bush 3-4 ft., 4232.

DistriputTion.—Prince Albert Division.

8. T. crassifolia, O. Hoffm. in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. x. 250.

Great Namaqualand : Tschauchab, 4149; upper slopes of mountain

north of Rotkuppe Station, bush 2 ft., fls. yellow, 4193 ; Rotkuppe

4464

Disrrinution.—Collected at Angra Pequena by Schenck.

9. Tripteris gracilis, Hutchinson, sp. nov. ; species ramulis gracilibus

dense glanduloso-pubescentibus, foliis basi late auriculatis, capitulis

minoribus distincta.

Herba 0°35 m. alta; caulis circiter 4 mm. crassus, glanduloso-

pubescens ; ramuli patuli, eracillimi, parce foliati, glanduloso-pube-

scentes. Folia alternata, oblanceolata, acuta, basi auriculata, circiter

4 cm. longa et 8 mm. lata, membranacea, crasse et parce dentata,

utringue pilis albis brevibus puberula ; nervi laterales ascendentes,

conspicui. Capitula parva, laxe racemosa ; pedunculi basi bracteati,

graciles, plerumque cireiter 1 cm. longi, puberul. Involeri bracteae

1-seriatae, lineari-lanceolatae, acutae, dorso puberulae, marginibus latis

hyalinis membranaceis, circiter 3°5 mm. longae. Flores radii flavi ;

eorollae tubus brevis, villoso-pubescens ; limbus A4-nervius, circiter

0-5 mm. longus. Styli rami graciles, longe exserti ; achaenia ambitu

ellipsoidea, 3 mm. longa, complanata, marginibus membranaceis

trialata. Flores disci: corollae tubus inferne eylindricus, superne

amphatus et pubescens, 2-5 mm. longus; lobi acute lanceolati ;

achaenia abortiva.

418 Annals of the South African Museum.

Little Namaqualand: Deserted sheep kraal, Koets, Pillans, 5730;

shade of rocks near stream on south side of pass between Bowesdorp

and Grootgaas, Pearson, 5885.

Khamiesberg: Among grasses in river-bed on Khamiesberg Plateau

at 3000 ft., Pearson, 6241.

10. Tripteris nervosa, Hutchinson, sp. nov.; affinis T. amplectenti,

Harv., sed folus basi haud auriculatis differt.

Herba cireiter 07 m. alta; caulis simplex, crispato-puberulus.

Folia obovato-oblanceolata, subacuta, basi cuneato-attenuata, 5-7 em.

longa, 2—2°5 em. lata, subchartacea, crasse repando-dentata, prominenter

trinervia, nervis parallelis, infra et margine puberula. Capitula laxe

paniculata; pedunculi graciles, al 2 cm. longi, tomentelli. Involueri

bracteae 1—2-seriatae, lineares, acutae, 4-5 mm. longae, extra puberulae.

Flores radi circiter 12, 1 cm. longi, flavi. Flores disci numerosi,

glabri. Achaenia radii ambitu obovoidea, 15 em. longa, latissime

trialata, glabra.

Great Namaqualand: Kopje 12 km. west from Sandverhaar, 3600 hoe

fls. yellow, Pearson, 4614; among quartzite blocks, Akam River Basin,

Pearson, 4751.

11. Tripteris microtis, Hutchinson, sp. nov.; affinis T. microcarpae,

Harv., sed caulibus glabris, foliis non glandulosis, pedunculis longi-

oribus differt.

Suffrutex; caulis sublignosus, sulcatus, glaber, superne parce ra-

mosus. Folia ambitu oblanceolata, obtusa, ad basin in petiolum

sensim attenuata, 4-6 cm. longa, 0°5-1:5 cm. lata, crasse repando-

lobulata vel dentata, dentibus lanceolatis obtusis, glabra, prominenter

trinervia. Capitula laxe corymbosa, pedunculata ; pedunculi graciles,

usque ad 3 cm. longi, parce puberuli. Involucri bracteae 2—3-seriatae,

lineares, acute acuminatae, glabrae, marginibus anguste membranaceae,

ad 4mm. longae. Flores radii parvi. Achaenia radii triangularia,

anguste vel vix alata, glabra, circiter 5 min. longa.

Little Namaqualand: With Arundo at edge of pools at Brakwater,

Pearson, 6073.

Identical with a plant distributed by Drége as “T ? microtis”

without definite locality.

OSTEOSPERMUM, L.

lL. O. moniliferum, Linn, Sp. Pl. 1308,

Khamiesberg: Upper slopes of Zuurberg (Anegas), bush 4 ft.,

6250; Wilgehout Ravine, common near top, bush 5 ft. high, 6798 ;

near summit of Vogelklip, bush 3-4 ft., 5926.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 419

Little Namaqualand: Plateau on south side of ridge opposite

Klipfontein, bush 3 ft. high, 5954. :

Disrrrpution.—Throughout the Colony, and in Tropical East

Africa and the Zambesi Basin.

2. O. coriaceum, DC. Prodr. vi. 461.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains, top of mountain behind Baths,

heads yellow, 7007.

Disrrisution.—Tulbagh, Worcester, Knysna to Albany.

3. O. muricatum, E. Mey. ex DC. Prodr. vi. 464.

Bushmanland: Aggenys, sandy river-bed, bush 1 ft., 2938.

Great Namaqualand: Buchholzbrunn, conglomerate on river-bank,

bush 1-1 ft., fls. yellow, 3666.

Drsrrrpution.—Upper Region and in Natal and Tropical Africa.

4, O. subauritum, DC. Prodr. vi. 464.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., fls. yellow, 7399.

Disrripution.—Paarl, Tulbagh, and Clanwilliam.

5. O. plebium, DC. Prodr. vi. 464.

Cape: Near top of Nardouw Kloof, western slopes, bush 2-5 ft.,

5418.

DistriBuTION.—Only collected once previously by Drége on the

Blauberg and Honig Valley, Clanwilliam ; evidently a very rare

species.

6. O polygaloides, Linn. Mantissa, 480.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains, tops of mountains behind Baths,

heads yellow, 7006.

DistripuTION.—Cape Division to Riversdale.

URSINIA, GakErRtn.

1. U. anthemoides, Gaertn. Fruct. 1. 463.

Cape: Giftherg, 1-2000 ft-, frequent, ray fis. yellow, darker below,

7446.

Khamiesberg: Khamsoap Ravine, ray fls., yellow above, reddish

beneath, 6544; wet ground at foot of Wilgehout Ravine, rays orange,

6804; near summit of Sneeuwkop, western side, Dla.

Distrrpution.— Western and south-western districts generally.

420 Annals of the South African Museum.

2. U. sericea, N. E. Br. in’Gard. Chron. 1887, i. 670.

Sphenogyne sericea, Less. Syn. 243; Harv. in Harv. et Sond. FI.

Cap. ii. 141.

Cape: Upper south-west slopes above Pickemier’s Pass, folage

strongly scented, ray and disk fis. yellow, 5134.

DisrriputTion.—Piquetberg and Tulbagh.

3. U. versicolor, N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1867, 1. 670.

Sphenogyne versicolor, DC. Prodr. v. 681; Harv. in Harv. et Sond.

Fl. Cap. i. 139, sub anthemordes.

Khamiesherg: Upper western slopes of Sneeuwkop, 5778.

Distrisution.—EHvidently endemic to Khamiesberg.

4. U. calendulaeflora, Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. 11. 456.

Sphenogyne calendulaeflora, DC. Prodr. v. 682; Harv. in Harv.

et Sond. Fl. Cap. iu. 159.

Khamiesberg : Bitterfontein. ray fls. orange, 6559 ; Twee Rivieren,

6786.

Distripution.—Also in Little Namaqualand.

5. U. discolor, N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron, 1887, 670

Sphenogyne discolor, Less. Syn. 243; Harv, in Harv. et Sond. Fl.

Cap. ii. 145.

Cape: Mountain tops at Hottentot’s Kloof, 4927.

Distripution.—Caledon, Swellendam and Riversdale.

6. U. chrysanthemoides, Harv. in Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. 11. 152.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains; foot of mountain near Baths,

ray-fls. cream, faint purple below, 6989.

DistrriputTion.—Colony generally.

7. U. annua, Less. Syn. 245.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains ; foot of mountains near Baths,

heads white, 6973.

Little Namaqualand: Cornfield weed, Klipfontein, 5958.

Upper Region: River bank at Loeriesfontein, 2800 ft., 4846.

Great Namaqualand : Sandy plain north cf Schakalskuppe Station,

4925.

DistrirpuTion.—Colony generally.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 421

8. U. paleacea, Moench. Meth. 908.

Sphenogyne paleacea, Less. Harv. in Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. i. 146.

Cape: In sand on plateau on summit of Nardouw Mountains, bush

2-3 ft., 5429.

DistRIBUTION.— Western districts.

9. U. cakilaefolia, DC. Prodr. vi. 690.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., 7428.

Khamiesberg ; Eenkoker, rays orange, 6742.

DistRinuTIoN.—Collected previously by Drége on the Giftberg.

CRYPTOSTEMMA, R. Br.

1. C. calendulaceum, R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. i. v. 141.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains; foot of mountain near Baths,

heads yellow, 6960.

Khamiesberg : Draaiklip, 6607.

DistRIBUTION.—General in the Colony; frequently cultivated in

many countries.

ARCTOTIS, Livy.

1. A. acaulis, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 1306.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., frequent, ray-fis. yellow, reddish beneath,

7652.

DistriputTion.— Widely spread in the South and South-west.

2. A. bellidifolia, Berg. Cap. 318.

Cape: In sand between Windhoek ani Attis, viscid bush, 5380.

DisTTRIBUTION.—Extreme south-western districts.

3. A. laevis, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 708.

Cape: South aspect of hills between Hex River and outspan of

November 26th, 5268.

Bushmanland: A few miles east of Nieuwfontein, gneissic kopje,

bush 3 ft., fls. yellow, 3494.

Little Namaqualand: Crevices in Klipplaat Rock, 1600 ft., coarse

herb 3-4 ft., fls. yellow, 3858.

Khamiesberg: South-eastern slopes of Sneeuwkop, above Modder-

fontein, 5879.

Distripution.— Western districts.

422 Annals of the South African Museum.

4, A. arborescens, Jacq. Hort. Schoenb. 11. 23.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains, side of mountain behind Baths,

1; ft., fls. vieux rose, 6878 ; 6977 ; foothills of Cold Bokkeveld, oppo-

site Baths, heads purplish red, 6998.

Disrrisution.— Uncertain.

5. A revoluta, Jacq. Hort. Schoenb. ii. 24.

Khamiesberg: Roadside between Arkoep and Mesklip, 5914;

middle south-eastern slopes of Zuurberg (Anegas), bush 2 ft., 6262.

Disrrisution.— Uncertain.

6. Arctotis Stephensae, Hutchinson, sp. nov.; affinis A. stoechadi-

foliae, Berg., sed fere acaulis, pedunculis brevioribus, foliis undulatis

nec lobatis differt.

Caulis brevissimus, apice dense foliatus. Folia spathulato-obovata,

apice rotundata, basin versus in petiolum alatum attenuata, 4-9 cm.

longa, 1-3 cm. lata, obscure repando-denticulata, coriacea, utrinque

dense albo-lanata, vix nervosa. Pedunculus breviter scapigerus, 3°5

em. longus, adpresse lanatus. Capitulwm circiter 4 em. expansum.,

Involucrum late campanulatum, 1:8 cm. longum ; bracteae circiter 5-

seriatae, exteriores lineares, acutae, 6-8 mm. longae, albo-lanatae,

intermediae ovatae, acuminatae, interiores late oblongae, apice rotun-

datae, extra puberulae, superne membranaceae. Flores radii flavi,

circiter 1°5 cm. longi; corollae tubus glaber, 3 mm. longus; limbus

1:2 cm. longus, 2°5-3 mm. latus, striatus; achaenia dense et longe

villosa; pappi squamae oblongo-obovatae, 4 mm. longae, mem-

branaceae, glabrae. Flores disci numerosi; achaenia pappusque ut in

floribus radii sed multo minor.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains; road to Modderfontein, fis.

yellow, Stephens, 6990

7. A. namaquana, Schltr.

Khamiesberg: Summit of pass between Garies and Middelkraal,

bush 22 ft., 5612; upper middle northern slopes, Reitkloof Mountain,

5697.

Distripution.—As above

Sl TA: ep.

Cape: Giftberg, 1—-2000 ft., 7404; low creeping herb, ray fls. bright

yellow, reddish outside, 7633.

I have hesitated to describe this species until the genus Arctotis is

thoroughly revised, a work which is much needed.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 423

VENIDIUM, Less.

1. V. Wylei, Harv. in Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. i. 463.

Little Namaqualand: Sandy ground near foot of pass leading to

Rietkloof, coarse spreading herb, 5679 ; cornfield weed at Klipfontein,

5959; sand by roadsile between Anenous and Chubiessis outspan

(Richtersveld), 5977; Vaarsche River, rays orange, 6777.

Khamiesberg: Bitterfontein, 6558.

Distripution.— Western Region and extreme western Karroo.

Seems to be a variable species.

2. V. semipapposum, DC. Prodr. vi. 491.

Cape: Damp ground along Oliphant’s River, straggling herb, 5256.

DistRiIpuTION.—Worcester, Tulbagh and Ceres, and (accord. to

Harv.) neighbouring Divisions.

GORTERIA, Gaertn.

1. G. calendulacea, DC. Prodr. vi, 501.

Khamiesberg: Namaroep, common on slopes under bushes, branches

prostrate, ray double, orange with a dark greenish velvety ‘“ eye,”

6606.

Distrisution.—Recorded from Table Mountain by Drége.

2. G. personata, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1283.

Cape: Giftberg, not common, 1-2000 ft., fls. yellow with dark

centre, 7408; sand flats between Driefontein and Heerenlogement,

6781; foot of Oliphant’s River Mountains near Baths, fls. yellowish

black, 6991.

Distripution.—Cape districts and Mossel Bay.

3. G. diffusa, Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 697.

Khamiesberg: Brakdam, common, }—2 ft., rays deep orange above,

black at the base, disk yellow, 6484; under rocks in damp places on

Beacon Hill 2, 6690.

Bushmanland : Henriet, lower rocky slopes, 3092.

Little Namaqualand : Klipfontein, prostrate cornfield weed, 5960.

DistRIBUTION.—Southward to the districts around Cape Division.

4. G. corymbosa, DC. Prodr. vi. 501.

Bushmanland : Broken ground west of Pella Mountains, 2-4 in,

3550.

Great Namaqualand: Among quartzite blocks near Dabaigabis, ray

fis. yellow, 4403.

Distrisution.—Also in Little Namaqualand.

424. Annals of the South African Museum.

GAZANIA, GAErRtTN.

1. G. othonnites, Less. Syn. Comp. 45.

Little Namaqualand: Forming tufts in sand of river-bed a little

south of Tweefontein, 2500 ft., 3773.

Upper Region: Karieboemfontein, forming “ turf” in dry ground

near water-furrow, 4987.

Distripution.—Previously known from Piquetberg, Calvinia, and

Little Namaqualand.

2. G. pinnata, Less. Syn. Comp. 43.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., 74374; ray fls. orange with brown

“‘eye-spots,” “eye” black at base with two white spots above, 7658.

Distripution.—Western districts.

3. G. serrata, DC. Prodr. vi. 510.

G. pinnata, Less., var. serrata, Harv. in Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap.

ill. 476.

Cape: Giftberg, 1-2000 ft., common, fls. reddish, 7437; Oliphant’s

River Mountains; Top of mountains behind Baths, fls. orange, 6852 ;

foot of mountains near Baths, 6970, 7706.

Distrisution.—The above match exactly Drége’s type collected in

the Drakenstein Mountains, Paarl Division, and later by Rehmann.

4. G. Lichtensteiniit, Less. Syn. Comp. 50.

Great Namaqualand: In dry sand a little north of Ganus, 3000-

3200 ft., fls. yellow, 4498.

DisrriputTion.— Western districts.

HIRPICIUM, Cass.

1. H. echinulatum, Cass. in Bull. Soc. Philom. 1820, 27.

Little Namaqualand: Near the base of Rattelpoort Mountain, bush

6 in. high, 2980; sandy flat at Alewyn’s Fontein, sbrub 6-12 in. high,

3344; common on sandy slopes, Alewyn’s Fontein, fls. yellow, 3327 ;

gneissic kopje at Klipplaat, 1600 ft., 3856.

Bushmanland: Granite kopjes a few miles east of Nieuwefontein,

shrub 9-12 in. high, fils. yellow, 3416; Nieuwefontein, 2700 ft., on

veld, fls. yellow, 5330, 3311.

Upper Region: Loeriesfontein, lower slopes, 3000 ft., bush 1 ft.

high, fls. yellow, 4862.

Distrisution.—Also in Van Rhyn’s Dorp.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 425

CULLUMIA, R. Br.

1. C. bisulca, Less. Syn. Comp. 82.

Cape: Bush 1 ft. high, on hilltops at Hottentot’s Kloof, February,

4924; Giftberg, near streams at 1-2000 ft., bush 2-3 ft. high, fis

yellow, 7432.

Distrrsution.—Clanwilliam, through by Ceres to Caledon and

Riversdale.

2. C. ciliaris, R. Br., var. angustifolia, Hutchinson, var. nov., a typo

foliis angustioribus minus imbricatis differt.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains, kloof behind Baths, Stephens,

7011.

There seems to be little difference between this plant and the typical

form, which occurs in the districts around Cape Town, except that it

has somewhat narrower and less closely imbricate leaves.

3. C. rigida, DC. Prodr. vi. 500.

Khamiesberg: Lower and middle slopes of Sneeuwkop, December,

5798; bush 21-5} ft., growing with Hrica and Muraltia, abundant in

ravine near summit of Vogelklip, facing south-west, December, 5908 ;

dry hill slopes, rays yellow, Groenekloof, September, 6526; straggly

bush 2} ft., upper slopes of Zuurberg (Anegas), 6260.

These are the first collections of this species since its discovery.

BERKHEYA, Enrs.

1. B. carthamoides, Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 2274.

Cape: Upper south-west slopes above Pickenier’s Pass, 5210.

DistRiIpuTION.—Cape and western districts generally.

2. B. canescens, DC. Prodr. vi. 507.

Little Namaqualand : ? Klipplaat, 1600 ft., 5024.

DIstTRIBUTION.—Western districts.

3. B. corymbosa, DC. Prodr. vi. 507.

Bushmanland: Mountain slopes at Kweekfontein, 3300 ft., bush

3-7 ft., 3818.

Little Namaqualand: Common at Klipplaat, 1600 ft., bush 4 ft.,

3861.

DistriputTion.— Western districts.

426 Annals of the South African Museum.

4. B. annectens, Harv. in Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. ili. 509.

Bushmanland: Near outspan about 8 miles south-west of Bitter-

fontein, near abandoned cultivation, 3864.

Great Namaqualand: Saltflats between 25 km. north of Warmbad

and next outspan, 4100. Without locality, 3670.

Disrrisution.— Western districts.

5. B. viscosa.

Stobaea viscosa, DC. Prodr. vi. 517; Harv. in Harv. et Sond. FI.

Cap. i. 497,

Little Namaqualand: Edge of cornlands, Brakdam, 5595.

Cape: Clanwilliam ; sandbanks in river-bed below Kradouw Krantz,

bush 5 ft. high, 5375.

DisrripuTion.—Only once previously collected by Drege in the

Blaauberg, Clanwilliam.

6. B. oppositifolia.

Stohaea oppositifolia, DC. Prodr. vi. 517; Harv. in Harv. et Sond.

Fl. Cap. iii. 497.

Khamiesberg : Twee Rivieren, hills east of hamlet, 6597.

Little Namaqualand: Alewyns Fontein, foot of kopje, among

boulders, fls. yellow, 3315.

Distripution.— Western districts.

7. Berkheya Schinzii, O. Hoffm., MSS.

Cape: Roadside between Hottentot’s Kloof and Karoo Poort, 4824.

Upper Region: Lower slopes of Hantam Berg between Calvinia

and Holle River, 3965.

Distripution.— Western districts.

8. Berkheya excelsa, Hutchinson, sp. nov. (fig. 16); affinis B.

onobromoidei (DC.), sed foliis caulinis angustioribus glabris, foliis

bracteatis lanceolatis (nec late ovatis), involucri bracteis angustioribus

differt.

Planta excelsa, usque ad 2 m. alta; caulis inferne circiter 1 cm.

crassus, dense sulcatus, internodiis 4—5 em. longis, glaber. Folia

caulina ambitu linearia, 7-15 cm. longa, 3-4 em. lata, coriacea, dense

crasse spinoso-lobata, spinis 1 cm. longis, utrinque glabra, lobulis

spinulosis, spinulis 2 mm. longis; costa basi latissima, 5 mm. lata.

supra plana, infra paulum elevata. Capitula discoidea, paniculata,

breviter pedunculata, circiter 3 cm. expansa; pedunculus 1-5-2 em.

longus, 1‘5 mm. crassus. Involucri bracteae circiter 5-seriatae, lanceo-

latae, spinoso-acuminatae, usque ad 1-5 cm. longae, spinuloso-marginatae,

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 427

minute puberulae. Flores numerosi; corollae tubus breviter et parce

pubescens ; lobi lineares, glabri. Achvenia anguste turbinata, 3°56 mm.

i) . . . a .

Fia. 16.—Berkheya exce/sa, Hutchinson, n.sp. A, portion of stem showing

alternate auriculate leaves, nat. size; B, portion of inflorescence, nat.

size.

longa, costata, brevissime pubescentia. Pappi setae inaequales,

oblongae, obtusae, alternae lineari-subulatae, 1 mm. longae.

Upper Region: Banks of Holle River, 2700 ft., 6 ft. high, Pearson,

3979.

428 Annals of the South African Museum.

9. Berkheya Tysoni, Hutchinson, sp. nov. ; species fruticosa, caulibus

lignosis dense piloso-tomentosis, foliis semiamplexicaulibus glanduloso-

puberulis distincta.

Frutex robustus, ramosus; rami et ramuli dense piloso-tomentosi,

teretes, dense foliati. Folia alterna, sessilia, semiamplexicaulia,

oblongo-oblanceolata, spinoso-acuminata, ad basin paulum attenuata,

4-8 cm. longa, 2-4 cm.lata, spinoso-pinnatifida vel pinnatilobulata,

spinis usque ad & mm. longis, utrinque subglanduloso-puberula ;

costa supra plana, infra prominens, basi lata ; nervi laterales utrinsecus

6-7, a costa media sub angulo 45—70° abeuntes, ramosi; venae utrinque

prominentes. Capitula pauca, solitaria, terminalia vel ramulos termi-

natia, usque ad 4:5 em. diametro. Involucri bracteae 6—7-seriatae,

lanceolatae, spinoso-acuminatae, 1-2 cm. longae, spinoso-dentatae,

coriaceae, utrinque puberulae. Flores radii circiter 2 cm. longi;

corollae tubus 4 mm. longus, extra pubescens; achaenia abortiva

1 mm. longa, pubescentia; pappus 1 mm. longus. Flores disci

numerosissimi; corollae tubus 6 mm. longus, parce pubescens ; lobi

5, oblongo-lineares, obtusi, glabri. Achaenia subcylindrica, adpresse

pubescentia, 1-5 mm longa. Pay pi setae subulatae, inaequales, usque

ad 2 mm longae.

Cape: Kradouw Krantz, first plateau facing West, on sides of large

sandstone block, fls. yellow, Pearson, 5281 | Hex River Valley, in fissures

of the rocks, 2000 ft., January, Tyson, 772; 759 |.

BERKHEYOPSIS, O. Horr.

1. B. gorterioides, Hutchinson, comb. nov.

Berkheya gorterioides, Oliv. et Hiern in Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. 11.

429,

Berkheyopsis Pechuelii, O. Hoftm. in Bolet. Soc. Brot. x. 181.

Great Namaqualand: Among quartzite in Akam river bed, rays

yellow, 4750.

DisTRIBUTION.

Occurs also in Negamiland.

DIDELTA, L’Herir.

1. D. spinosum, Ait. Hort. Kew. 111. 256.

Little Namaqualand: Common on sandy road. between Nieuwe

Rust and Brakdam, bush 4—6 ft.; leaves a little succulent ; fls. yellow,

September, 6571.

Distrinution.—Western districts and Clanwilliam.

Plants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions. 429

2. D. carnosum, Ait. l.'c. 256.

Little Namaqualand : Brakrivier, banks of water furrow, 1600 ft.,

December, 4867. Bushmanland: North-east of Klipplaat, on veldt

near Gneissic kopje, 3431.

Cape: Attis-River be 1, 5382.

DistTRIBUTION.—Little Namaqualand to Saldanha Bay.

3. D. tomentosum, Less. Syn. 61. “

Little Namaqualand: Dry river bed below Modderfontein Pass

(Richtersveld), December, 5996.

Distrrpution.—Also collected at Angra Pequena.

DICOMA, Cass.

1. D capensis, Less. in Linnaea, v. 277.

Karoo: Prostrate in sand of river-bed at Draaikraal, 1700 ft., 4996.

Bushmanland: On red sand near outspan, 8 miles south-west or

west of Bitterfontein, small plant 1 in. high, 3312; sandy valley

leading down to Raman’s Drift, branches prostrate, involucral bracts

green with white tips, 4698.

Little Namaqualand: Sandy slopes at Kamabies, 3000 ft., 3779 ;

in sand, Rietfontein to O’okiep, 3460.

Great Namaqualand: About 20 km. north of Raman’s Drift,

4045 ; sandstone at Sandverhaar, 3100 ft., 4684.

Disrripution.—Western districts and Kalahari region.

PERDICIUM, Lae.

1. Perdicuum Taraxaci, Vahl., in Skrivt. Nat. Hist. Selsk. i. n. 9.

Cape: Oliphant’s River Mountains ; foothills of Cold Bokkeveld

opposite Baths, heads white, 6997. ‘

Distripution.—Paarl, Malmesbury, and Clanwilliam and (according

to Harvey) Stellenbosch.

2. P. leiocarpum, DC. Prodr, vii. 39.

Cape: Giftberg, in sandy places, 7423.

Disrrrpurion.—Previously collected only by Drége between Pedros

Kloof and Leliefontein, Little Namaqualand.

The indumentum on the lower surface of the leaves appears to be

very deciduous, and cannot be regarded as a reliable distinguishing

430 Annals of the South African Museum.

feature separating this species from P. tarazaci, Vahl, the only other

representative of the genus. The two may be readily separated by the

nature of the achenes, these being quite smooth and tapering in P. /eio-

carpum, and densely puberulous and short in P. Tarazaci.

SONCHUS, L.

wk oleraceus. Linn. Sp. Pl. 1116.

Damaraland: North of the Swakop River, 3369.

DisrripuTion,—A cosmopolitan weed.

ee?

( 431 )

INDEX TO LIST OF PLANTS COLLECTED IN THE PERCY

SLADEN MEMORIAL EXPEDITIONS, 1908-9, 1910-11,

SEPTEMBER, 1911 (Nos. 3, 4, 10, 11, 16).

PAGE

abietinum (Aptosimum). . 262

abietinum var. elongata . . 262

abrotanifolium (Pelargonium) . 200

abruptus (Senecio) : . 396

Abutilon . > > 7 59

Acacia : ; : . 258

Acaena. : . 174

ACANTHACEAE. : . 259

Acanthopsis : : . 260

acaulis (Arctotis) ; . 421

acaulis (Protea) . : . 190

acerosum (Closterium) . . 84

ACHNANTHACEAE 3 0

Achnanthus : ¢ 5 TAG

Achneria . : . 229

-acris (Montinia) . 2 5 aillo)

Acrotome . c = G65

actinoleucus (Senecio) ¢ . 401

acuminata (Aspalathus) . . 250

Acus (Synedra) . o aS)

acutifolia (Dimorphotheca) . 415

acutiformis var. brasiliensis

(Scenedesmus) . 78

acutus var. Leopoldii (Juncus) . 226

Adenandra 0 : . 204

adenioides (Ipomoea) ; + 16H

adenocarpa (Indigofera) . . . 253

Adenogramma . : 5 alls

Adiantopsis : . . 244

Adiantum . 244.

adiantum-nigrum ‘(Asplenium) . 244.

adscendens (Leucadendron) . 185 |

adscensionis (Aristida) . 7) Zell

aequalis (Cocconema) . 5

aequalis (Cymbella) : es

aethiopica (Stachys) , . 165

aethiopicum (Limeum) . . 158

affinis (Anacampseros) . 4 Gul

affinis (Cotulla) . : . -3889 |

affinis (Indigofera) é . 256

affinis (Polygala) .

affinis (Relhania) .

africana (Ballota)

africana (Cucumis)

africana (Fingerhuthia) .

| africana (Galenia)

africana (Homoeothrix) .

africana (Myrsine)

africana (Oftia)

africana (Parkinsonia)

africana (Salvia) .

africanum (Tr ichodesma)

africana { Vogelia)

africanum (Cynanchum)

africanum (Limeum)

afrum (Lycium) .

Agathosma

Agathelpis

Agrostis

airoides (Pentaschistis) .

Aitonia

Aitonii (Serruria)

| Aizoon

alatum (Cosmar ium)

alatum var. aequatoriense

alatum (Pterygodium)

albida (Orthanthera)

albida (Selago)

albiflora (Crassula)

_albomarginatum (Aptosimum) .

alchemilloides (Pelargonium)

Alexandri (Catophractes)

Alpinii (Secamone)

| alnifolia (Hermannia)

alsinoides (Helichrysum) .

| Alstoni (Cotyledon)

alternans (Indigofera)

| alternans (Staurastrum)

althaeifolia (Hermannia)

althaeoides (Pelargonium)

altissima (Manulea)

PAGE

177

381

166

210

241

156

134.

134

258

164.

222

217

182

158

271

204

168

231

230

208

192

155

140

183

167

262

201

135

179

195

373

254:

195

201

266

432

altissima var. longifolia .

altissima var. glabricaulis

altoplana (Sutera)

amabilis (Hermannia)

AMARANTACEAE

Amaranthus

Amellus

amoena (Indigofer ra)

amphibia (Nitzschia)

Amphiglossa F

Amphioxys (Hantzschia)

Amphora .

amplectens (Mesembr ianthemum)

amplexicaulis (Othonna)

amplexicaulis (Sutera)

amplexifolia (Othonna) .

Amsinckia

Anabaena .

anabaptista (Indigofera)

Anacampseros 0

ANACARDIACEAE

Anagallis . :

Anagallis (Veronica)

anatomicum

mum)

anceps (Stauroneis)

anceps var. linearis

Anchusa

angulata (Cuscuta)

angulosa (Pleurococcus)

angustata (Aristida)

ancustata (Protea) :

angustifolia (Agathelpis)

angustifolia (Amsinckia)

angustifolia (Boscia)

angustifolia (Metrosideros)

angustifolia (Rhus)

angustifolium (Trichodesma)

angustifolius (Senecio) .

angustissimum (Phor midium)

Aniostigma :

anisocarpa (Nemesia)

Ankistrodesmus

annectens (Berkheya)

annua (Dimorphotheca) .

annua (Poa)

annua (Sutera)

annua (Ursinia) .

annulata (Eragrostis)

annulina (Sphaeroplea)

antareticus (Scirpus)

anthemoides (Ursinia)

Anthephora

Anthristiria

Anticharis

anthospermoides (Crocyllis)

Anthospermum

anthyloides (Lotononis)

Antozoma . :

Aphanothece

(Mesembrianthe-

Index.

PAGE PAGE

266 | aphylla (Ehrharta) 241

266 | aphylla (Ficinia) . 224

267 | aphyla (Pituranthos) 213

197 | aphylla (Psoralea) 252

168 Se icalk tain (Masenbianchemtna) 149

169 | apiculata (Relhania) 382

3867 | Apium : 213

254 | APOCYNACEAE : 137

73 | aponina (Gomphosphaeria) 64

379 | appendiculata (Setaria) . 228

74 | Aptosimum : 262

73 | arabica (Psiadia) . 369:

153 | Arctopus 212

408 | Arctotis 421

267 | arborescens (Arctotis) 422

409 | arbuscula (Othonna) 411

223 | arbuscula (‘Tetragonia) 154

68 | Arduina (Carissa) 137

253 | arenarius (Senecio) 397

80 | arenicola (Maeura) 39

209 | arenicola (Monechma) 261

134 | arenosa (Nolletia) . 3870

2€9 argentea (Heeria) 41, 209

| argentea (Pentzia) 5 Bn

149 | argentewm (Anaphrenium) 41

72 | argenteum (Sideroxylon) 41

77 | argenteus (Lobostemon) . 222

221 | argyroides (Indigofera) . 254

162 | Argyrolobium 251

76 | argyrophylla (Rhus) 41

232 | Aristida 231

160 | aristulata (Entoplocamia) 242

168 | armata (Viborgia) : 249

223 | articulata (Tamarix) 161

39 | arvensis (Anagallis) 134

175 | arvensis (Spergula) 193.

43 | Asaemia . 390

222 ASCLEPIADACEAE 178

401 | Asclepias . 181

66 | Aspalathus 250

155 | aspera (Cineraria) 395

265 | asperum (Galium) 217

79 | aspera (Holothrix) 138

426 | aspera (Pentaschistis) 230

414 | asperrimum (Malvastrum) 159

243 | Asplenium 244

266 | Aster 367

420 Athanasia. 387

238 Athanasiae (Euxyops) 405

80 | Atropis 243

225 | Augea : al7/al

419 | auricoma (Indigofera) 254.

29 auriculata (Pellaea) 245

227 | austrinum (Lycium) 271

263, australe (Blechnum) 244.

215 | australis (Emex) 162

215 | AUTOSPORACEAE 76

247 | aviculare (Polygonum) 162

209 | avolans (Sericocoma) 169

63 | axillaris (Asaemia) 390:

baccifera (Chironia)

BACILLARIEAE

bahusiensis (Nav eer, var.

istriana

Bainesii (Marcellia)

Ballota

barbara ('Todea)

barbigera (Macr ostylis) .

barbinodis (Ehrharta)

Barklyi (Mesembr ianthemum) .

Barklyi (Pelar aes

Barleria.

Barosma

Bauhinia .

Beattiana (Polanisia)

Bellardia .

bellidifolia (Ar ctotis)

Benthamii (Aspalathus) . 5

bergiana (Agrostis) var. glumis

mucronatis

bergianum (Anthospermum)

Bergii (Printzia) .

Berkheya .

Berkheyopsis

betulina (Barosma)

bicaudatus (Dactylococcus)

bicolor (Eragrostis)

bicolor (Erica)

bicolor (Simocheilus)

biflora (Monsonia)

biflora (Sylitra)

biflora var. brevipedunculata

(Podalyria)

BIGNONIACEAE

bijugatus (Scenedesmus)

bilobum (Mesembrianthemum) .

bipinnata (Cotula)

bipinnata (Hermannia) .

bipinnata (Mahernia)

bireme var. crassum (Cosma-

rium)

bisulca (Cullumia)

BIXACEAE

blandum (Mesembrianthemum 3

Blechnum

Blepharis .

Blitum (Amaranthus)

Blumea :

Boerhaavia

Bolusae (Hippia)

BORAGINACEAE

Borbonia .

borealis (Navicula)

Borreri (Atropis)

Boryanum (Pediastr um)

Boscia :

Botrytis (Cosmarium)

Botrytis var. depressum .

Bouchea :

Index. 433

PAGE

PAGE | Brabieum . . 184

59 | brachyathera (Pentaschistis) . 230

69 | brachy petala (Hermannia) 196

brachystachyus (Enneapogon) . 289

71 | bracteata (Ficinia) : . 223

169 | bracteolata (Polygala) . = lyfe:

166 | Lbrebissonii (Navicula) . > ffl

245 | brevifolia (Aristida) : . 234

208 | brevifolia (Ficinia) 224,

241 | brevifolium (Mesembr ianthe-

149 mum). = ; . 148

200 | Briza : ; . 242

261 | brizantha (Eragrostis) : . 238

204 | brizoides Cees : . 238

258 | Brizopyrum : : - 242

37 | Bromus. ; : . 243

269 | Brunia. : : evo.

421 | BRUNIACEAE . : 5 ls

250 | bruniades (Erica) : . 132

Buddleia . : = 185

231 | bufonius (Juncus) : . 226

215 | bulboda (Schmidtia) : . 240

383 | Bupleurum ; 5 Ig!

425 | Burchellii (Aizoon) : 5 lists

428 | Burchellii (Microtea) . . 164

204 | Burchelii (Rhus) . : . 44

78 | Burchellii (Silene) : . 194

237 | Burchellii (Vigna) : . 257

131 | Burmanni (Sarcocaulon) - 198

133 | BURSERACEAE ‘ . 205

198 | buxifolia (Gymnosporia) . 206

256

246 ‘ C

1Q5

78 | Cadaba . : - 39

141 | caespitosus (Dianthus) : . 194

389 | caffra (Erica) : : 5 algal

197 | caffrorum (Mohria) : . 243

197 | caffrum (Talinum) : 195

caffrum (Pterygodium) . . 140

85 | cakilaefolia (Ursinia) . . 421

425 | cakilefolius (Senecio) . . 3897

160 | calculus (Mesembrianthemum). 140

145 | caldariorum (Aphanothece) = 63

244 | calendulacea (Gorteria) . . 423

259 | calendulaceum(Cryptostemma). 421

170 | calendulaeflora (Ursinia) . 420:

371 | Calicorema 169

137 | calycinum (Mesembrianthemum) 148

394 | calycina (Ehrharta) : . 3840

221 | calycina versicolor ; . 240

246 | calycina (Erica) . F . 32

71 | campestris (Pollichia) . . 163

243 | camphorata (Pteronia) . . 364

79 | camphorata var. armata . . 364

39 | cana (Grewia) . . 208

85 | candicans (Leucospermum) 5 ken

85 | candicans (Psoralea) : . 252

183 | candidissimum (Gnaphalium) . 373.

434, Index.

-cenchroides (Pennisetum) - 228

PAGE

Candolleana (Lebeckia) . . 249

canescens (Berkheya) . . 425

canescens (Cineraria) ; 5s BE

canescens (Helipterum) . 5 Bi

canescens (Sutera) : . (267

capense Brizopyrum) . . 242

‘capense (Cerastium) : . 193

capense (Elaeodendron) . . 206

capense (Galium) : 5 yi

capense (Limeum) F . 158

capense (Sesamum) . . 186

capense (Solanum) : . 210

capense ( Viscum) c 2 218

capensis (Adiantopsis) . . 244

capensis (Aitonia) ; . 208

capensis (Anchusa) , 5 Oy

capensis (Aristida) ; . 233

capensis var. macropus . . 233

capensis (Augea) : 5 Al

capensis (Cauealis) é . 214

capensis (Convolvulus) . aelG2

capensis (Drosera) , eliG

capensis (Dicoma) : . 429

capensis (Ehrharta) 3 . 240

capensis (Limosella) : . 269

capensis (Oligomeris) . = altoyil

capensis (Salix) . ; 7 63

capensis (Silene) . F . 194

capensis (T'richolaena) . = 229)

capensis ( Vahlia) : . 209

capillaceum (Helichrysum) . 373

capillare (Pelargonium) . . 20)

capillaris (Achneria) ; . 229

capillaris (Gymnodiscus) . 408

capillaris (Plantago) . . 163

Capillus Veneris (Adiantum) . 244

capitata (Calicorema) . - 169

capitata (Frankenia) — . . 160

capitata (Lessertia) F -. 257

capitatum (Pelargonium) . 202

eapitatum (Phyllopodium) . 268

‘-CAPPARIDACEAE : = 3d

Capparis . » 8

‘Caralluma. = 183

carduifolia (Acanthopsis) . 260

-earduifolia var. glabra) . . 260

Carissa. : 5 aig

carnosum (Didelta) : . 429

Carpha. - 223

carthamoides (Berkhey a) . 425

cartilagineum ore spon) LO

Carun. ; 23

CARYOPHYLL ACEAE. 5 (1

Cassytha . . 185

catholicum (Pteryg rodium) . 140

Catophractes : : 185

Cauealis . ; . 214

CELASTRACEAE ; . 205

celastroides (Rhus) ; 5 lis

PAGE

Cenia ; . 390

Centella var. latifolia (Hydro-

cotyle) eel

Centella var. linifolia 212

CENTRICAE 59

Ceraria 32

Cerastium . 193

cernua (Oxalis) 203

cernuum (Melolobium) 251

Cerviana (Mollugo) 156

chaerophy lloides ior) 213

Chaetobromus . 230

CHAETOPHORACEAE. 82

chaleantha (Eragrostis) . 238

chamaedryfolium (Pelargonium) 301

Chamaesiphon — . 65

CHAMAESIPHONIACEAE 65

Charieis 367

Cheilanthes 244.

Chironia 59

Chlamydomonas i)

chlorina (Oscillatoria) 66

CHLOROPHYCEAE 75

CHROOCOCCACEAE 63

Chroococeus 65

chrysanthemoides (Ur sinia) 20

Chrysocoma 370

ciliare (Anthospermum). 215

cihare var. papillatum 215

ciliaris (Aspalathus) 250

| ciliaris var. angustifolia (Cullumia) 425

| ciliaris (Lasiochloa) 242

ciliata (Avistida) . 232

ciliata (Chrysocoma) 370

ciliata (Pteronia). 365

cihatum (Mesembrianthemum) . 147

| ciliolata (Cassytha) 135

Cineraria . 395

cinerascens (Senecio) 400

cinerea (Pteronia) 363

cinerea (Stoebe) . 378

cinereus (Lobostemon) 222

circumflexa var. aemula (Disperis) 139

cistiflora (Drosera) 176

CLADOPHORACEAE 80

clandestina (Silene) 194.

clandestina (‘Tripteris) 416

clavifoha (Crassula) 53

Clematis 176

Cleome 35

Cliffortia 174

Closterium 84.

cneorifolia (Othonna) 409

coaretata See ee 70

Coecinea. 211

COCCOGONEAE 63

COCCONEIDACEAE 70

Coeconeis . P 70

Coeconema : 73

COCCONEMACEAE 73

Index. 435

PAGE PAGE

Codon - 5 : . 220 | criniflorum (Sea ae aaa 149

Coelastrum é : . 79 | erispum (Pterygodium) . 140

Coelidium . : . . 246 | cristaeflora var. blanda (Erica) . 132

coerulescens (Fuirena) . . 223 | eristatus (Tribulus) Z a Ke

coffaeiformis (Amphora) . . 73 | erithmifolia (Athanasia) . 388

coffaeiformis var perpusilla . 73 | croceum (Mese mbrianthemum) . 146

collinum (Argyrolobium) 251 | Crocyllis . : : . 215

collinum (Mesembrianthemum) 148 | Crotalaria . . 252

coloratum (Panicum). . 228 | cryptandroides (Phylica) = PA07/

Colpias. é . 265 | eryptantha (Indigofera) . . 254

Columharia (Scabiosa) 5 . 187 | eryptocephala (Navicula) 5 ee!

Coma-aurea (Chry pie . 3870 | Cryptolepis . ‘ =) 178

Commiphora : -. 205 | Cryptostemma . : . 421

communis (Phragmites) . . 230 | erystallina (Galenia) : . 155

comosa (Hermannia) : . 195 | erystallina (‘Trianthema) 5 iltsfs}

comosa (Phylica) . : . 207 | Cucumis . : . 210

comosus (Melianthus) . 208 CUCURBITACEAE : eo

compressa var. fasciculata (Rott- Cullumia . . 425

boellia) . ‘ . 226 | cuneata (Dimor photheca) . 414

condensata (Holothrix) : . 138 | cuneifola (Rafnia) , . 246

conferta (Relhania) : . 881 | curassavicum (Heliotropium) . 221

confervicolum (Uronema) . 82 | curvata (Rhoicosphenia). 5 US

congesta (Aristida) : . 2382 | curvata var. fracta : 73

Conium : : : . 213 | curviflora var. Burchell (Erica) 131

CONJUGATAE . ; . 82 | curvifolia? (Selago) : . 168

connivens (Crassula) ; . 48 | Cuscuta . : . 162

contortus (Heteropogon). . 227 | cuspidata (Navicula) : 5 Ul

contractum (Cosmarium) . 85 | Cyclotella . - : . 69

convolutus (Ackistrodesmus) . 79 | cygnea (Serruria). : Loz

CONVOLVULACEAE . . 161 | cylindrica (Anabaena). 768

Convolvulus 2 . . 161 | cylindrica (Othonna) . . 408

Conyza - . 869 | cylindrica (Phylica) : . 207

poral (Crassula) : . 51 | eylindricum (Helichrysum) . 374

Corallocarpus : . 211 | eylindricum var. rubellum . B74

cordata (Gymnogramme) . 243 | Cylindrocystis . ? . 84

cordatus (Rumex) : . 162 | Cymatopleura . 75

coriaceum (Osteospermum) . 419 | eymbalarifolius var. rotundifolius

corifolium (Satyrium) . 5 (BY (Senecio) : : . 400

coronata (Petalacte) : . 3877 | Cymbopogon : : . 227

coronopifolia (Cotulla). . 3889 | Cynanchum : ‘ . 182

Corrigiola . é . . 163 | Cynodon . : : . 238

Corydalis : : . 177 | CYPERACEAE . ‘ . 223

corymbosa (Berkhey a) . 425 | Cyperus . : : . 224

corymbosa (Gorteria) . . 423

COSCINODISCACEAE . - 69

Cosmarium - é 5 eh) D

Cotula : : é . 389

Cotyledon . 54 | Dactylococcus . - = 8

cradockense (Mesembr ianthemum) 146 | Dactylon (Cynodon) : . 238

crassicaule (Pelargonium) . 202 | Danthonia : . 230

crassicaulis (Senecio) . . 403 | dasyphylla (Crassula) : 5 fail

crassifolia (‘Tripteris) —. . 417 | dasyphyllum (Pelargonium) . 200

crassinervia (Heeria) : . 41 | Datura. 270

crassinervium Cree tek a . 41 | debilis (Trochomeria) : . 210

Crassula. . 46 | decidua (Cryptolepis) . . 178

CRASSULACEAE : 46 | decipiens (Crassula) 5) ie

crassulinum (Mesembrianthe- deceptrix (Crassula) : . -49

mum) . : . 148 | decumbens (Orygia) , . 156

crenatus (Dianthus) : . 194 | decurrens (Leucadendron) . 186

crepidiformis (Senecio) . . 3897 | decussata (Cotyledon) . 3) Od

436 Index.

PAGE

defoliatum (Mesembrianthe-

mum) . : . 146

delicatula (Ehrharta) ; . 240

deltoidea (Pellaea) : . 245

deltoides (Crassula) : 49

dentata (Crassula) 3 D2

dentata (Hebenstr eitia) . . 166

dentata var. integrifolia . . 166

dentata (Dimorphotheca) . 416

dentata (Salvia) . ‘ - 164

Denticula : 5 Lely)

denticulata (Medicago) . 5) asl

denticulata (Nitzschia) . 74

denticulatum var. candidissi-

mum (Mesembrianthemum) . 142

denticulatus var. linearis (Scene-

desmus) é s ths)

denudata (Her mannia) . - 196

depressum (Aptosimum). . 268

decipiens (Heterolepis) . . 383

densiflora (Manulea) : - 266

denudata (Eragrostis) . . 2388

denudata (Indigofera). . 255

deserti (Felicia) . : . 3868

DESMIDIACEAE : . 84

detinens (Acacia). F - 259

Dianae (Closterium) : . 84

dianthera (Polanisia) — . . 86

Dianthus . : é . 194

Diascia : . 264

dichotoma (Pentzia) : - 391

Dicoma : ; . 429 |

Didelta . ; - 428

didyma (Ptychotis) : . 214

difformis (Rhyticar pus) . 218

diffusa (Gorteria) . 423

diffusa (Nemesia) é . 265

Digitaria . : . 2217

digitata (Lotononis) : 24.7

digitatum (Mesembr ianthemum) 143

digitifor me (Mesembrianthe-

mum) : : : . 148

dilatata (Erica) . : 4 dle

Dimorphotheca : . 414

Diosma : : . 203

Diplachne . : 3 . 287

DIPSACEAE : : 5 Sy

Disa : . 1389

discolor (Leucade ndron) . 186

discolor (Ursinia) . 420

disermifolia (Hermanni: a) .° 195

dispar (Anaphrenium) . - Ad

dispar (Heeria) . : . 41

dispar (Rhus). : . 41

Disperis . : : relia9

dissecta (Rhus) . 43, 209

dissectus (Pleurococcus) ede)

divaricata (Aspalathus) . 250, 251

divaricata (Muraltia) —. as

divaricata (Othonna) — , . 411

divaricata (Pteronia) . :

divaricatum (Monechma)

divergens (Metalasia)

diversifolium (Mesembrianthe-

mum)

Dodonaea .

dregeana ( Aristida)

dregeana (Grisebachia) .

dregeana (Tephrosia)

dregeanum (Zygophyllum)

dregeanus (Chaetobromus)

Dregeanus (Senecio)

Dregei (Anthospermum)

Dregei (Dimorphotheca)

Dregei (Nenax)

Dregei (Oxalis)

Drosera.

DROSERACEAE.

dubia (Nitzschia)

EBENACEAE

ecarinata (Sebaea)

Eedysichlamys

echinatum (Pelar onium)

echinatus (Arctotus)

echinulatum (Hirpicium)

ecklonianus (Rumex)

Ecklonis (Mairea)

Ketadium .

effusa (Crotalaria)

Ehrenbergii (Closter ium)

Ehretia , :

Ehrharta .

Elaeodendron

elegans (Sphaeralcea)

Elliottiae (Hibiscus)

elliptica var. africana (Oocystis)

elliptica (Navicula)

ellipticum (Leucospermum)

elongatum (Mesembrianthe-

mum)

Elytropappus

Emex

Engleri (Hibisens)

Engleri (Surirella

Enneapogon

Enteromorpha

Entoplocamia

Eragrostis

erectum (Satyr ium)

Eremia

eriantha (Digitaria)

Erica :

ERICACEAE :

ericaefohum (Helichrysum)

ervicifolia (Aspalathus)

Eriocephalus

Eriosphaera

eriostoma Coney

Erodium

erosa (Cineriria) .

erosus (Senecio) .

Hrythrophysa

equisetina (Statice)

Euchlora .

Kuclea

Kunotia .

EUNOTIACEAE.

euphorbioides (Othonna)

Euryops

excavatus (Cymbopogon)

excelsa (Berkheya)

excisa (Lessertia)

expansa (Crassula)

expansum (Helichr ysum)

explanata (‘Tetraspora)

exstipulata (Hermannia)

exstipulata (Lotononis) .

extenuata (Blepharis)

falcata (Lotononis)

faleatum (Mesembr ianthemum)

fascicularis (Cotyledon) .

fasciculatus (Schismus) .

fasciculata (Metalasia)

fastigiata (Pteronia),

Felicia

fenestrata (Semonvillea).

ferruginea (Kiegelaria) .

ferulaceum (Pelargonium)

ferulaceum (Peucedanum)

Festuca

Ficinia.

FICOIDEAE

FILICKS . :

filiformis (Asclepias)

filiformis (Athanasia)

filiformis (Ficinia)

filiformis (Oenanthe)

filiformis var. humilis

filiformis (Pentaschistis)

fimbriatus (Sporobolus) .

Fimbristylis :

Fingerhuthia

flaccida (Pterothrix)

flavescens (Stachys)

flavum (Pelargonium)

Fleckii (‘Triaphis)

flexuosa var. tomentella. (Atha-

nasia) .

flexuosum (Schizodium) .

floribunda (Othonna)

floribundum (Mesembr ianthe-

mum) .

foetida (Boscia)

Index.

PAGE

229

199

395

398

208

217

247

219

412

405

227

426

257

374

198

247

260

247

145

241

379

365

367

Ss7/

160

200

214:

243

223

140

243

181

387

224

214.

214

230

235

223

241

379

165

200

239

387

139

409

148

foetidum (Zygophyllum)

formosa (Oscillatoria)

formosulum (Cosmarium)

foveolarum (Phormidium)

Fragilaria . 4 :

FRAGILARIACEAE . .

fragile (Phormidium)

fragilis (Felicia) .

Frankenia

FRANKENIACEAE

Fresenia

Freylinia .

frutescens (Indigofer aN

frutescens (Mesembr ianthemum)

frutescens (Sutherlandia)

fruticisa (Sutera)

fruticosa (Asclepias)

fruticosa (Galenia)

fruticosa (Hebenstreitia)

fruticosa (‘Tetragonia)

fruticosum (Aizoon)

fruticosus (Aster)

fruticosus (Lobostemon)

fruticulosa (Ceraria)

fruticulosa (Hermannia)

fucifolia (Serruria)

fulvum (Zygophyllum)

furcata (Blepharis)

Furiena

fusca (Diplachne)

Galenia

ealenioides ('T etrag eonia).

Baloided (Adenoer: amma)

Galium

gallica (Silene)

gariepensis (Bauhinia)

gariepensis (Pergularia) .

gariepensis (Salvia)

gariepina (Blumea)

gariepina (Ceraria)

gvariepina (Hermannia)

gariepina (Nidorella)

Garuleum .

Gazania

Geigeria

geminiflorum

mum)

geminifolia (Aristida)

eeniculiflor um (Mesembrianthe-

mum)

(Mesembrianthe-

genistaefolium (Monechma)

GENTIANACEAE :

geometricum var, adoxoides

(Cosmarium) :

GERANIACEAE.

gibba (Navicula) .

gibba (Rhopalodia)

457

PAGE

zal!

368

160

362

266

254

151

257

267

181

156

166

154

155

367

222

197

192

17a

259

22e

237

155

154.

157

217

194

258

183

164

372

196-197

369

366

4.24:

384

438 Index.

PAGE

gibberula (Rhopalodia) . ae fhe

ciftbergense (Solanum) . 5. AtKO) |

cigantea (Ehrharta) : . 241

cigantea var. stenophylla . 241

cicas (Gloecystis) : eo

eilioides (Zaluzianskya) . . 269

giraffae (Acacia) . : . 259

Gisekia . . 5 aliiys

elaber (Lobostemon) : . 222

elabra (Oxalis) . : . 202

elabra (Protea) . ; 89

elabra (Royena) . : . 220

elabrata (Pteronia) ; . 866

elabrata (‘T'ripteris) : . 416

glabratum (Microloma) . 9)

glabrescens (Athanasia) . Resto

glandulifera (Acacia). . 259

glandulifera (Bouchea) . . 183

elandulifera (Scyphogyne) . 183

glauca (Hermbstaedtia) . . 168

olauca (Merismopedia — . . 64

glauca (Pteronia) . 3638

claucesens (‘Tetrapedia) . . 64

elaucophyllus (Lobostemon) . 222

glaucum (Jasminum) — . 133

clancum (Mesembri: inthemum). 145

elobifera (Pentzia) . . 3890

Gloeocystis : 5 fhs)

glomerata (Carpha) : . 22%

glomerata (Crassula) : 51

glomerata var. majus (Mesem-

brianthemum) . : . 148

glomerata (Pteronia) : . 364

glomeratum (Panicum) . . 228

glomeratus (Leontonyx) . S OHlt

glutinosa (Cotyledon) . 7 256

glutinosa (Selago) : Rae Kote)

glutinosus (Senecio) 3 . 396

enaphalioides (Leyssera) . 383

Gnaphalium : : 5 a}

Gomphonema : 2,

GOMPHONEMACEAE . She

Gomphosphaeria . é . 64

Gomphostigma . : 35

Gordoni (Hoodia) : . 188

Gorteria. . 423

gorterioides (Berkheya) . . 428

gorterioides (Berkeyopsis) . A428

Gossweileri (Petalidium) . 259

gracile (Gomphonema) . 5 he

gracile (Mesembrianthemum) . 145

gracilis (Chamaesiphon ) - 65

gracilis (Ficinia) . : 5 RB

eracilis (Tripteris) 417

gracilistylum (Mesembrianthe.

mum) . . 141

gracillima (Enteromorpha) SL

GRAMINEAE . é . 226

grandiflora (Hermannia) a Uy

grandiflora (Lebeckia) . . 249

PAGE

erandiflora (Pentzia) 390

erandiflora (Protea) 189

eraveolens (Apium) 213

Grewia 208

Grielum 174

erisea (Crassula) . 50

Grisebachia : . 182

erossulariaefolium (Malva-

strum) . 150

erossularioides (Pelar wonium) . 201

Gunnera 175

Gymnodiscus 408

Gymnogramime 243

Gymnosporia 205

Gynandropsis 36

Gyrosigma 12

Hallia ; : ; 257

HALORRHAGIDACEAE 175

hamata (Psoralea) 252

hamulosa (Hebenstreitia) 166

hamulosum (Helichrysum) 376

Hantzschia : 74

Harpagophytum . 136

Harveya 269

Harveyana (Disa) 139

hastata (Pellaea) . 245

hastulatus (Senecio) 400

hebeclada (Acacia) 258

hebelepis (Helichrysum) 375

Hebenstreitia . 166

Heeria ‘ 41, 209

Heisteria (Muraltia) 178

Helichrysum 373

Helotropium 221

Helipterum 373

Hemimeris . 265

hemisphaerica (Coty ledon) 56

Hermannia : 195

Hermbstaedtia 168

herniarioides (Helichrysum) 374

Heterolepis 383

heterophylla (Aspalathus) 250

heterophylla (Charieis) . 367

heterophylla (Hermannia) 197

heterophylla (Indigofera) 253

heterophylla (Oxalis) 03

Heteropogon . 227

heterotricha (Indigofera) 254

hexagonuwm (Kuastrum) . 85

Hibiscus 159

hieroglyphicum (Rhizoclonium) 80

hieorglyphicum var. 80

Hippia "394

Hirpicium 4.24.

hirsuta (Hermannia) 196

hirsuta (Knowltonia) 177

hirsuta (Royena) 220

Index.

PAGE

hirta (Cheilanthes) : . 244 | Ipomoea

hirudiforme (Myxobactron) . 63 | irritans var. rigida au (Barleria)

hispida (Selago) . : . 168 | ivaefolia (Conyza)

hispidum (Carum) . 213

hochstetteriana (Aristida) . 234 VJ

Hoffmanseggia . 2O8 Ste cma

hoffmannsees giana (Acanthopsis) 260 TUNCACE \E

hololeuca (Indigofera) ‘ Bia chog te eae, oat

as a ea (Anticharis)

Holoschoenus (Scirpus) . eos). yences ( :

I ey mae

Holotiniah: "138g | Juncea (Cadaba) .

: : : 2a (Menodora)

Homoeothrix : 3 igs) | ae (

Hoodia. ; : . 183 dumeelns

aye m (Mesembrianthemum) .

Hoplophyllum . é . 361 yaeee

Hordeum . 243 vate

r , : é Cliffortia)

HORMOGONEAE salilog, bees Seelam ote

horrida (Acacia) . "959 juniperinus (Senecio)

hottentotica (Ehretia) . . 221 |

humifusum (Grielum) . . 174 | K

humilis (Crotalaria) . - 202 kalachariensis (Loranthus)

hydaspica (‘Trianthema) - 156 | karroica (‘Tripteris)

Hydrocotyle ‘ . 212 | Kedrostis .

HYDRODICTYACEAE . - 79 | khamiesbergensis (Euryops)

HY DROPHYLLACEAE . 220 | Kiggelaria ;

hyssopifolia (Felicia). 5 BES ie teens,

hyssopifolia var. hirta — . . 3868 | Knowltonia

hystrix (Crassula) : - 954) Kraussii (Helichr ysum) .

| Kiitzingiana (Cyclotella)

Kiitzingiana (Nitzschia)

I |

Ifloga ; ; . 872 |

ILLECEBRACEAE ; . 163 | LABIATAE

imberbis (Anthristiria) . . 227 | lanceolata (Borbonia)

imbricata (Crassula) : . 60 | lachnantha (Agrostis)

imbricata (Hrica) : : 182 laeve (Cosmarium)

imbricata (Hallia) : . 257 | laeve var. distentum

incana (Crassula) : . 54 | laeve (Mesembrianthemum)

incana (Pentzia) . : . 391 | laevigatum (Pelargonium)

incana (Pteronia) ; . 863 | laevigatus (Juncellus)

incanum (Microloma) — . . 179 | laevigatus (Lobostemon)

incanum var. glabrum (Micro- | laevis (Arctotis) .

loma) . : . 179 | Lambertianum (Helichrysum) .

incanum (Monechma) 5 . 261 | laminosum (Phormidium)

incanum (Pharnaceum) . . 156 | lamprocarpa (Selago)

incertus (Senecio) : . 400.) lanata (Pentzia) .

incisa (Conyza) . : . 369 | lancea (Euclea)

incisa (Rhus) : i . 209 | lancea (Rhus)

incomtulus (Scirpus). . 225 | lanceolata (Achnanthus)

inconspicuus (Convolvulus) . 161 | lanceolata (Gymnosporia)

incrustans (Chamaesiphon) . 65 | lanceolata (Hebenstreitia)

ineurvus (Dianthus) : . 194 | lanceolata (Nemesia)

indicus (Sporobolus) —. . 235 | lanceolatum (Closterium)

Indigofera ‘ : . 253 | lanceolatum (Gomphonema)

indivisum (Aptosimum) . . 263 | lanceolatus (Celastrus)

induta (Cheilanthes) . . 244 | lanigerum (Leucadendron)

inteerifolia (Gymnosporia) . 206 | lasiocarpa (Phylica)

intesrifolius (Celastrus) . 206 | Lasiochloa

intestinalis (Enteromorpha) . 81 | lasiopoda (F elicia)

inversum (Oedogonium) . 88 | Lasiospermum

ioclados (Sporobolus). . 235

latebrosa (Acaena)

44.0

lateriflorus (Euryops)

latifolia (Oedera)

latifolium (Ectadium)

laurina (Gymnosporia)

LAURINEAE

laxus (Senecio)

Lebeckia .

LEGUMINOSAE.

Lehmanniana (Polygala)

Leibleinii (Closterium) .

leiocarpum (Perdicium)

Leipoldtii (Pelargonium)

Leobordea (Lotononis)

Leonotis

Leontonyx

Leonurus (Leonotis)

leptophyHa (Polygala)

leptophylla var. ? (Polygala)

leptospermoides (Pteronia)

Lessertia

Leubnitziae (Pluche: v)

Leucadendron

leucocephala (Stoebe)

leucoderme (Monechma)

leucorrhizum (Pleiostomum)

leucorrhizum var. grandiflorum .

Leucospermum

Leyssera

L’ Heritieri (Sarcocaulon)

Lichtensteinii (Gazania)

Lidbeckia

Lightfootii (Oxalis)

ligulata (Nemesia)

Limeum

Limnanthemum

limosa (Indigofera)

limosa (Navicula)

limosa (Oscillatoria)

Limosella .

Lindleyanum (Satyr ium)

lineare (Aptosimum)

linearifolia (Lebeckia)

linearifolia (Polanisia)

hnearifolius (Gymnodiscus)

linearis (Anticharis)

linearis (Euclea)

linearis (Lessertia)

linearis (Nitzschia)

lineolatum (Mesembrianthemum)

linifolia (Athanasia)

linifolium (Petalidium) .

linnatifida (Bouchea)

lithosperma (Ficinia)

litoralis (Corrigiola)

littoralis (Scirpus)

LOASACEAE

lobata (Cineraria)

Lobostemon :

LOGANIACEAE.

Logiense (Cosmarium)

Index.

PAGE |

407 | lomatophyllus (Juncus) .

388 | longicapsulare (Zye -ophyllum) .

179 | longiflora (Ehrharta)

206 longiflora (Rogeria)

135 | longiflorus (Senecio)

396 | longifolia (Chrysocoma)

249 longifolia (Lasiochloa)

246 | longifolia (Mentha)

177 | longifolium (Pelargonium)

85 | longituba (Microloma)

429 | longus (Cyperus)

202 | LORANTHACEAE

247 | Loranthus

166 | Lotononis .

377 | lucida (Erica)

166 lucida (‘Teedia)

40 lucilioides (Helichrysum)

40 | lucilioides (Pteronia)

366 | Junatum (Mesembr ianthemum) .

257 | Iupulina (Danthonia)

372 | lutea (Polanisia) .

184 lutescens (Aristida)

378 lycioides (Crassula)

261 | Lycium

263 lycopodioides (Crassula) .

263 | lycopodioides (Tetr aoe)

191 |) Lyngbya

383 | lyrata (Ciner varia)

199 | lyratus (Senecio) .

389 |

203 | M

265

158 MacOwaniana (Crassula)

59 MacOwaniana var. crassifolia

255 macradenium Sera

71 | mum)

66 | macrophyla (Othonna) .

269 macrophylla (Pavonia)

128 | macrosrachya (Lessertia)

263 | Macrostylis

249 macrourum (Pennisetum)

36 | Maeura

408 | Mairea

263 | major ( (Lynebya) .

219 | major (Melianthus)

257 | major (Spirulina)

74 | Malva :

145 | MALVACEAE

388 | Malvastrum

259 Manulea

184 | Marcellia .

224 | marginata (Protea)

163 marginatus (Cymbopogon)

225 marginatus (Cyperus)

176 Marianae (Cotyledon)

396 marina (Chlamydomonas)

222 | Mariscus .

155 | maritima (Crassula)

86) maritimum (Erodium)

PAGE

226

1738

240

136

402

371

24.2

164

180

224

218

247

132

265

375

368

145

230

2338

271

10)

396

4.00

Index. 44.1

PAGE

maritimum (Helichrysum) . 375

maritimus (Juncus) ; . 226

Marlothii (Grielum) : . 174

Marlothii (Ruellia) : . 209

Marlothii (Sarcocaulon) _ Igy)

marna (Hermannia) 2 5 Se

Massoni (Microloma) — . 7 180

maxima (Briza) . , . 242

Maxii (Sutera) . : . 267

media (Spergularia) - . 193

media (Stellaria) . : . 193

Medicago . : é . 251

Melianthus : . 208

meloforme (Trichocauton) . 183

Melolobium : . 251

membranacea (Sehaea) . os

Meneghiniana (Cyclotella) . 69

MENISPERMACEAE . Beer40)3)

Menodora . ; - . 1338

Mentha . 3 : . 164

Merismopedia —.. 64:

mesembreianthoides (Crassula) . 49

Mesembrianthemum : . 140

mesocomum (Panicum) . . 227

Metalasia . : é = erty)

Metel (Datura) . : . 270

Metrosideros : 175

Meyeri var. angustifolia (Cynan-

chum) . ‘ : . 182

Meyeri (Oxalis) . ‘ . 202

meyeriana (Hermannia) . . 198

micrantha (Disa) : 5 BY

micrantha (Eragrostis) . 237

micrantha var. brev ipedunculata

(Lotononis) ‘ : . 247

microcarpa (Tripteris) . . 416

microcarpum (Zy2 ae) = iyil

Microcystis ; . 64

microglossus (Amellus) . - 3867

Microloma a LS

microptera (Tetragonia) . 154

Microtea . é . 164

microtis (Tripteris) : . 418

Miersiana (Antizoma) . . 209

millefolia (Serruria) : a g2

Miltus (Gisekia) . ; elon

minima (Cleome) 35

minimum (Mesembr ianthemum) 14.0

minimum (‘Tetraédron) . ea i

minimus (Chroococeus) . > | 69

minor (Briza) . : . 242

minor (Chroococcus) ; 7 Oo

minor (Melianthus) ; = 208

minus var. planifolium (Pani-

cum). . 228

minutissima (Achnanthes) = 1h)

minutissima var. cryptocephala. 70

minutissima (Selago) . a Aliy/

minutum (Mesembrianthemum) 140

minutus (Chroococcus) . 5

PAGE

minutus var. minimus (Chroococ-

cus) : : 3 = G5

mirabile (Mesembrianthemum). 148

mitratum (Mesembrianthemum) 154

modesta (Hermannia) . . 196

Mohria_ . : . 243

molle (Monechma) : . 261

molle (Phormidium) : On

mollis (Aspalathus) é 5 sail

mollis (Colpias) . : . 265

Mollugo . 3 - . 156

Monechma , 2 20

moniliferum (Closterium) . 85

moniliferum (Osteospermum) . 418

moniliforme (Pelargonium) . 199

monocephala (Geigeria) . . 385

Monsonia . > lls

monspeliensis (Polypogon) . 231

montana (Hemimeris) . . 265

montana (Phylica) : . 207

monticolum (Galium) . 5 allel

Montinia . . 210

Morgsana (Zyzophyllum) 5 ial

moschatum (Erodium) . 5 ale

Mougeotia P 5 tSHe

mucronata (Pteronia) ‘ . 363

mucronata (Rhus) F . 44

mucronata (Zizyphus) . 206

mucronatum (Mesembrianthe-

mum). ; . 145

multifida (Cheilanthes) E . 244

multifidus (Euryops) . . 407

multiflora (Huclea) one ee clo

multiflora (Lebeckia) . . 249

multiflora (Stachys) : 165

multiflorum (Mesembrianthe-

mum). ; : . 146

Mundtia . P 40, 178

Mundtii (Buple urum) 5 . 213

Muraltia . : 40, 175

muricata var. pungens (Metal-

asia). ; 39

muricatum (Osteosper mum) 5 Gully)

muscosa (Crassula) : 4 50

mutica (Navicula) F Sp tal:

MYOPORINEAE : . 134

myrrhifolium (Pelargonium) . 201

Myrsine . : : . 134

MYRSINEAE . : . 134

MYRTACEAE . . 175

myrtillifolia (Podalyri: ) . 246

Myxobactron ; 2) 63

Myxonema , - 82

MY XOPHYCEAE : > 63

namaquana (Arctotis) . . 422

namaquana (Bouchea) — . . 184

namaquana (Oxalis) ; . 202

4.42 Index.

PAGE PAGE

namaquense (Lycium) 271 | Oeanthe 214.

namaquensis (Anacampseros ) 30 | Oedera . 388

namaquensis (Aristida) 233 | OEDOGONIACE AE 88

namaquensis (Hragrostis) 238 | OEDOGONIALES 88

namaquensis (Huryops) . 407 | Oedogonium 88

namaquensis (Ceraria) 33 | Oenotherae (Pelargonium) 201

namaquensis (Geigeria) . 384 | Oftia 134

namaquensis (Loranthus) 218 | Oldenlandia 214

namaquensis (Pellaea) 245 | Olea 133

namaquensis (Selago) 167 | OLEACEAE : 133

nana (F'resenia) 362 | oleoides (Phylica) 207

nanum (Mesembrianthemum) 141 | oleraceus (Sonchus) 430

natalensis (Blumea) 3871 | Oligomeris 161

Navicula . 70 oligophylla (Psoralea) 252

NAVICULACEAE 70 | ONAGRARIEAE 210

Nebrownii (Caralluma) 183 | Occystis 10

neglectus (Leontonyx) 377 | Ophioglossum 245

Nemesia : 265 | oppositifolia (Berkhey ra). 4.26

Nenax 215 | oppositifolia (Freylinia) . 266

nervosa (Tripteris) 418 | oppositifola var. rhombifolia

Nidorella . 369 (Polygala) 39

nigra (Medic: 10). 251 | oppositifolia (Stobaea) 426

nigrescens (Tetragonia) . 154) orangeanum (Cynanchum) 182

Nitzschia : : : . 73 | orbiculata (Cotyledon) 54

NITZSCHIACEAE : . 73 | ORCHIDACEAE 138

nivea (Salvia) 165 | OROBANCHACEAE 219

Nivenia 192 | Orobanche : 219

niveus (Senecio) . 401 | orobanchoides (Pterygodium) 139

noctiflorum ( Mesembr rianthe- Orthanthera 183

mun) : . 147 | Orygia 156

nodiflora (Br unia) : . 175 | Oscillatoria 66

nodosus (Scirpus) 225 | OSCILLATORIACEAE . 66

Nodularia 68 | Osmunda . 245

Nolletia 370 | Osteospermum 418

Nostoe : 68 | Othonna 3 408

NOSTOCACEAE 668 | othonnites (Gazania) 4.24

nudicaulis (Dimorphotheca) 414 | ovalifolia (Othonna) 409

NYCTAGINEAE 187 | ovalifolium ee a ae 221

ovalis (Loranthus) 218

O ovalis (Surirella) 75

: | ovatuim (Petalidium) 259

obconellum (Mesembrianthe- Oxalis : 202

mum). 140 | oxydonta (Pegolettia) 383

obhiqua (Eecdysic hlamy s) 77 | oxyptera (Lotononis) . 24:7

obliquus (Scenedesmus) . 78 | Oxyrhynchus (Synedra) . 70

obhliterum (Brizopyrum) 242 |

obovata (Muraltia) 178 P

obovatum (Rhigozum) 136

obscurum (Viscum) 218 | paarlensis (Senecio) 396

obtusa (Aristida) 2383 |) pachyceras (Diascia) 264

obtusa (Denticula) , . 74 | Palaea (Nitzschia) 74

obtusa (Oxalis) . 5 . 202 | Palaea var. tenuirostris . ong bids

obtusatum (Cosmarwn) . 86 | Palaea var. debilis : . GA

obtusifolia (Psoralea) 253 | paleacea (Ursinia) 42]

obtusum (Helichrysum) . 3876 | pallescens (Acrotome) 165

occidentalis (Grewia) 209 | pallens (Hermannia) 196

ochroleucum (Satyrium) . 138 | pallens (Pteronia) 366

oculatum (Mesembrianthemum) 148 | pallens (Royena) . 220

Oculus—Cati ( Eriosphaera) 3878 | pallidus (Chroococeus) 65

odoratissimum (Helichrysum) 375 | PALMELLACEAE 75

Index. 443

PAGE PAGE

Palnita (Prionium) : . 226 | perfoliatum var. integrifolium

paludosum (Nostoc) : . 68 ) (Mesembrianthemum). 145

paniculata (Pteronia) 2 . 363 | Pergularia : 183

paniculatum (Aizoon) . . 155 | perpensa (Gunnera) 175

paniculatum (Helichrysum) . 3875 | personata (Gorrteria) 4.23

paniculatus (Senecio) . . 401 | Petalacte . 377

Panicum . : . 227 | Petalidium 259

PAPAVERACEAE 3 . 177 | petiolare (Argyrolobium) 251

papillaris (Cotyledon) . . 56 | petiolata (‘Tripteris) 417

Pappei (Felicia) . . 869 | Petiveri (Erica) 1331

Pappekuilense (Cosmarium) . $87 | Peucedanum 214

papulosa (Galenia) : . 155 | Phaeoptilum 138

Parkinsonia : : . 258 | Phragmites 230

parviflora (Athanasia) . . 887 | Pharnaceum 156

parviflora (Borbonia) . . 246 | Phormidium 66

parviflora (Malva) 3 . 158 | Phylica 207

parviflorum (Helichrysum) . 875 | Phyllopodium . 268

parvifolium —§(Mesembrianthe- PHYTOLACCACEAE 164

mum) . : . 148 | Pillansi (Cotyledon) 54s

parvifolius ( Senecio) : . 401 | Pillansii (Pteronia) 366

parvulum (Gomphonema) 5S pinnata (Dimorphotheca) 415

parvulum var. micropus . . 73 | pinnata (Gazania) : 424.

Patersoni (Sarcocaulon) . . 199 | pinnata var. serrata (Gazania) 424

patulus var. vestitus (Bromus). 2438 | pinnatisecta (Pentzia) 393

pauciflora (Lebeckia) : . 249 | pinnatum (Pelargonium) 199

pauciflorum (Viscum) . . 218 | pisiforme (Mesembrianthemum) 148

paucifolia (Hermannia) . . 196 | Pituranthos : 213

paucinervis (Diplachne) . . 2387 | Placentula (Cocconeis) . 70

Payvonia . : . 159 | PLANTAGINEAE 163

Pavonia (Othonna) : * 408 | Plantago . 168

Pearsoni (Cosmarium) . 5 teil plebium (Osteosper mum) 419

Pearsoni (Cotyledon) 95 | PLEUROCOCCACEAE . 76

Pearsoni (Crassula) : . 47 | pleurococeus 76

Pearsonii (Crotolavia) —. . 252 | Pleiostomum 263

Pearsonii (Hoffmanseggia) . 258 | Pluchea . : 372

Pearsonii (lecuadendron ) . 188 | Plukeneti (Erica) 131

Pearsonii (Mesembrianthemum) 142 | PLUMBAGINACEKAE 217

Pearsonii (Pediastrum) . . 79 | plumosum (Leucadendron) 186

Pearsonii (Senecio) . 398 | plurinodis (Cymbopogon) 227

Pearsonii (Xysmalobium ) o) 180) Poa 2 : : 243

Pechuelii (Berkheyopsis) . 428 | Podalyria. 246

pectidea (Geigeria) ‘ . 3884 | Polanisis . 36

pectinalis (Eunotia) : . 70 | Pollichia . 163

pectinatus (Dianthus). . 194 | Polycarena 269

PEDALINACEAE : . 1386 | polycephala (Lotononis) . 247

Pediastrum : . 79 | Polygala . ; 39, 177

peduncularis (Chrysoc oma) | 371 | POLYGALACEAE : 39) LAT

peduncularis (Gymnosporia) . 205 | polygalaefolia (Pegolettia) 384

peduncularis (Zaluzianskya) . 269 | polygaloides (Osteospermum) 419

Pegolettia : : . 3883 | POLYGONACEAE 162

Pelargonium : : . 199 | Polygonum 162

Pellaea . : , . 245 Polypogon 231

PENNATAE : : . 69 | polyptera (Dimorphothe ca) 414

Pennisetum . 228 | pomeridianum (Mesembrianthe-

pentaphyla (Gynandropsis) . 36 mum) 149

pentaschistis : . 229 | porosa (Er: agrostis) : 237

Pentzia - é . 890 | PORTULACACEAE . 30, 195

Perdicium ; . 429 | praemorsum (Asplenium) 245

perezioides (Mairea) : . 3867 | praemorsum (Cosmarium) 87

perfoliata (Othonna) ? . 411 | prasina (Microcystis) 64.

444, Index.

PAGE PAGE

preshana (Hermannia) . . 195 | Q

PRIMULACEAE : wl: Pasa cereale tic Unsicn) 132

princeps (Oscillatoria) . oy PG6ul tas s ise Te aE eee ee 8 ae

Pringsheimii (Oedogonium) . 89 Paces ee £ demeepiirs, : 73

Printuae s : " 9g | quadricauc Buk cenec esmus) : 7

pee 2965 quinatum (Pelargonium) ; 200

prismatocarpum (Zygophyllum) 171 gieaneehatelolezh (Ube loses) oP HE)

procumbens (Harpagophytum) . 186 R

procumbens (Trifolium) mez oilel|

prostrata (Lotononis) . . 247 | vacemosus (‘Tragus) : . 235

Protea. 6 : . 189 | radiatum (Lasiospermum) . 387

PROTEACEAE . ; . 184 | radiosa var. tenella (Navicula) . ‘71

PROTOCOCCALES ‘ . (| Rafnia . F . 246

psammotropha (Indigofera) . 254 | ramosa (Ehrharta) ‘ . 241

Pseudebenus (EKuclea) . . 219 | ramosa (Orobanche) : 2 Ze

Pseudobroomei var. compressum ramosissima (Diosma) . . 204

(Cosmarium) . : . 88 | ramosissima (‘Triaphis) . » 239

Psiadia.. 5 ; . 369 | ramosissimo (Sutera) — . . 266

Psoralea. : . 252 | ramosissimum (Pelargonium) . 200

psoraleoides (Psoralea) : . 253 | ramulosa (Othonna) ; . 408

pterophorum (‘T'ribulus) . . 170 | Rangei (Solanum) : . 270

Pteronia . : j . 3863 | RANUNCULACEAE . 2 es

Pterothrix : : . 3879 | Ranunculus , a lef

Pterygodium : : . 189 | rapaceum (Pel argonium) , Jee

Ptychotis . : . 214 | reflexum (Pharnaceum) . =) ls

puberula (Chrysocoma) < . 371 | regalis (Osmunda) : . 845

puberula (Rhus) . . 44 ) Rehmanni ee ‘ eel

puberum (Leucospermum) . 191 | Relhania . . 3881

pubescens (Anthephora) . 229 | remotiflora (Sericorem: v) . 169

pubescens (Athanasia) . . 3887 | repandus (Senecio) 396

pubescens (Eriocephalus) . 386 | repens var. diffusa (Boerhaavia) 137

pubescens (Leucadendron) . 184 | repens (Serpicula) ; 5 piss

pubescens (Polycarena) . . 269 | RESEDACEAE . 161

pubescens (Ranunculus) Lie resurgens (Mesembrianthemum) 149

pugioniforme (Mesembrianthe- reticultata (Cotyledon) . 55

mum). 144 | retrorsa var. linearifolia

pulchella (Her mannia) . . 197 | (Othonna) : . 408

pulehellum (Helichrysum) . 374 | retrofractum (Zygophyllum) a lees

pulchellum (Pelargonium) . 200 revoluta (Arctotis) j 422

pumila (Bouchea) : . 184 | revoluta (Oftia) . : . 184

pumila (Relhania) : . 382 | revoluta (Sutera) : . 266

pumilum (Satyrium) —. . 188 | RHAMNACEAE. : . 206

punctata (Capparis) : . 88 | Rhigozum 3G

punctata (Merismopedia) . 64 | Rhinocerotis (Elytr opappes) . 3878

punctulata (Kedrostis) . . 211 | Rhizoclonium - ’ SO

punctulatus (Er jocephalus) . 3886 | Rhoicosphenia . é s 08

pungens (Aspalathus). . 250 | Rhopalodia : : Ss}

pungens (Indigofera) — . . 253 | Rhus : 40, 209

pungens (Sericocoma) . . 169 | rhynchocephala (Navicula) ial

pungens (Sporobolus). . 236 | Rhynchosia : waass}

pulverulenta (Frankenia) . 160 | rhytidocarpa (Indigofera) . 254

Pupula (Navicula) : Bee (al Rhyticar pus : ‘ . 2138

purpurea (Harveya) 269 | rigida (Cullumia) : , 1425

purpurata var. longifolia (Sta- rigida (Hermannia) x _ 198

tice) . 217 | rigida (Manulea) : . 266

pusilla (Ehrharta) ; e249) |r igida (Muraltia) : - 40

pusilla (Felicia) . ; . 368 | rigida (Rhus) : : . ale

pycnodon (Abutilon) : . 159 | rigida (Sutera). : . 267

pyenodon var. longipetala . 159 | rigidicaule (Mesembrianthe-

pyramidata (Cy lindrocystis) . 84 mum) . : F . 144

rigidus (Cucumis)

rigidus (Rubus) .

riparia (Anchusa)

riparius (Mariscus)

RIVULARIACEAE

ROSACEAE

robustum (Mesembr ianthem um)

Rogeria

Roodii ( Leucadendr on) .

rosea (‘Tetragonia)

roseum (Lycium)

roseum (Pelargonium)

rostellum (Mesembrianthemum)

rostratum var. brevibracteatum

ne ae ‘

Rottboellia

rotundifolia (Asclepias) .

Royena

Royeni (Codon)

RUBIACEAE

Rubus

rudis (Crassula) .

rugosa (Salvia)

rugosa (Stachys) .

Rumex

Ruellia

ruscifolia (Cliffortia)

RUTACEAE

rutilans (Helichrysum) .

sagittatum (Microloma) .

sagittatus (Rumex)

SALICINEAE

salicornioides (Mesembrianthe-

mum)

Salix

salvifolia (Buddleia)

Salvia

Samolus.

SAPINDACEAE .

Sarcocaulon :

sarcophylla (Galenia)

Sarcostemma

sarmentosa (Hragr ostis) .

sarmentosum

mum)

sativa (Vicia)

satyrium

saxicola (Commiphora)

SAXIFRAGACEAE

seaber (Dianthus)

scaber (Enneapogon)

scaberrimum Se a mn)

Scabiosa

scabra (Festuca) .

scabra (Protea)

seabrida (Selago) .

scabrum (Helichr ysum) .

(Mesembr ianthe-

Tndez.

| scabriun var. microphyllum

| | scabrum (Pelargonium) .

scalaris (Crassula)

scariosa (Pteronia)

Scenedesmus

Schenckii (Codon)

Schenckii (‘Tetragonia)

Schinzii (Berkheya)

Schinzii (Chironia)

Schinzii (Garuleum)

Schismus .

Schizodium

Schlichtianum (Mesembrianthe-

mum )

Schmidtia

Schotia

Scirpus

scolymocephala (Protea)

scoparia (Anticharis)

scoparioides (Gomphostigma)

SCROPHULARIACEAE

Seyphogyne

Sebaea

secalinum (Hor deum)

Secamone .

secunda (Holothr ix)

sedifolia (Relhania)

SELAGINEAE

Selago

semiloba (Oxalis)

semipapposum (Venidium)

Semonvillea

Senecio

senecioides (Pelargonium)

sericea (Cotula)

sericea (Crassula)

sericea (Lebeckia)

sericea (Oxalis)

sericea (Ursinia) .

Sericocoma

Sericorema

serpens (Buchlora)

Serpicula .

serrata (Gazania)

Serruria

Sesamum .

sessile (Leucadendron)

sessile (Mesembrianthemum)

sesuvioides (Diplochonium)

Setaria

setifolia (Achner ia)

setiformis (Ficinia)

setulosa (Ifloga) .

Shpaeritis (Crassula)

shpaerophora (Navicula) .

Silene

simile (Mesembr ianthemum)

Simocheilus

simplex (Zygophyllum) :

Simsiana (Lebeckia)

445

PAGE

376

202

54:

365

220

155

4.26

366

241

139

147

240

258

225

189

446 Index

PAGE PAGE

sinuata (Tripteris) 416 | sp. (Cucumis) : : 5 lal

SIPHONALES . 80 | sp. (Eragrostis) . : . 238

SIPHONOCLADIALES . 80 | sp. (Ficinia) , 2 . 223

Sisyndite . 170 | sp. (Fingerhuthia) , . 241

Sladeni (Crassula) ‘ 46 | sp. (Hermannia) . ¢ 197, 198

Sladeniana (Agathosma) 204 | sp. (Hebe neuritis) ‘ =) 167

Sladenianum (Mesembrianthe- sp. (Heeria) d . 42

mum) 152 | sp. (Lycium) 53 Patil

Sladenianus (Sporobolus) 236 | sp. (Mesembrianthemum) 143,149, 150

SOLANACEAE 270 | sp. (Mougeotia) . 84

Solanum 270 | sp. (Navicula) . ; 5 ie

Solea (Cymatopleura) 75 | sp. (Nenax) : 5 | PANG

Sonchus 430 | sp. ( Oedogonium) : 5 tet)

sparsifolia ( (Chrysocoma) 370 | sp. (Oxalis) ; : . 2038

spartioides (Monechma) . 261 | sp. (Peucedanum) : . 214

spartea (Sisyndite) 170 | sp. (Phormidium) : 5 ADE

spathaceus (Scirpus) 225 | sp. Dee : : a BOC

spathularis (Acanthopsis) 260 | sp. (Rhus) : : . 483

spathulata (Kissenia) 176 | sp. (Senecio) : : . 405

spathulatus (Leontonyx) 377 | sp. (Spirogyra). é 83, 84

speciosa (Metalasia) : 380 | sp. (Trichocaulon) : . 183

speciosa var. tamarindifolia sp. (Vaucheria) . : Ss 4510)

(Schotia) 258 | sp. (Viborgia) . : 249, 250

Spenceri (Gyrosigma) 72 | sp. (Zygema) : : es

Spergula : 198 | sp. (ZygophylNum) : a l/s}

Spergularia 193 | squamulosa (Crassula). . 49

Sphaeralcea 159 | squamosa (Harveya) F e209

sphaericum (Coclastrum) 79 | squarrosa (Fimbristylis) . 223

Sphaeroplea 80 | squarrosa (Relhania) : 6) oteill

SPHAEROPLEACEAE . 8O | squarrosum (Leontonyx) Sd

sphaerosperma (‘Tephrosia) 256 | Statice . a ea g

sphaerospermus Soles 224 | Steingroeveri (Aptosimum) e262

spicata (Nivenia) . 192 | stellatum (Helichrysum) a6

spinescens (Indigofera) . 253 | Stephensae (Arctotis) . . 422

spinescens (Lebeckia) 249 | STERCULIACEAE : . 195

spinescens (Lessertia) 257 | stipularis Srey : = 40

spinescens (Pterothrix) . 379 | Stobaea . : . 426

spinescens (‘l'ripteris) 417 | Stoebe 5 : . 378

spinifor me (Mesembrianthemum) 147 | Stramonium (Dat ura) =. . 270

spinosa (Hragrostis) 237 | stricta (Oldenlandia) , Zio

spinosa (Hermannia) . 196 | subauritum (Osteospermum) . 419

spinosa (Mundtia) ‘ 40,178 | subcostatum (Cosmarium) eon

spinosum (Coelidium) 246 | subtilissima (Spirulina) . . 66

spinosum (Didelta) ; 428 | succulenta (Pteronia) . . 366

spinosum (Hoplophyllum) 361 | subdilatum (Staurastrum) 5 tals)

spinosum (Phaeoptilum) 38 | suffrutescens (Danthonia) + 230

spinosum (Zyeg ad 171 | suffruticosum ec 5 lis!

Spirogyra . 83 | Surirella . eo

Spirulina . 66 | SURIRELLACEAE : elo

Sporobolus 235 | Sutera : : : . 266

spuria (Selago) 167 | Sutherlandia : : . 257

sp. (Agrostis) 231 | Stachys . é 5 IGS)

sp. (Anthospermum) 215 | stagnorum (Nitzschia) ; - 74

sp. (Arctotis) 122 | Staurastrum : ‘ a | kets}

sp. (Aristida) 235 | Stauroneis : : a

sp. (Capparis) 38 | Stellaria . : , . 198

sp. (Coccinea) 212 | stellatifolhum (Brabieum) . 184

sp. (Corallocarpus) 211 | stenocarpa (Hebenstreitia) = ‘Gz

sp. (Cotula) 3889 | stenopetalum (Satyrium) . 139

sp. (Crassula) 52 | stenophylla (Maeura) . 5 oY)

stolonifera (Ficinia) :

striata var. gracilis (Psoralea) .

stricta (Danthonia)

stricta (Hermannia)

stricta (Metalasia)

stricta (Selago)

striatum (Mes embrianthemum)

Sylitra

Symploca .

Synedra

TABELLARIACEAE

‘Tahnum

tanacetifolia (Pe ntzia)

TAMARICACEAE

‘Tamarix

Taraxaci (Perdic ium)

Teedia

tenella (Disa)

tenella (Felicia)

tenella (Leyssera)

tenerrima (Ulothrix)

tenue (Myxonema)

tenue (Phormidium)

tenue (Zygophyllum)

tenuifolia (Chrysocoma) .

tenuifolium (Microloma)

tenuilobus (Senecio)

tenuis (Denticula)

tenuis (Oscillatoria)

tenuis (Polypogon)

tenuissima (Spriulina)

tenuissima (Merismopedia)

tenuissimus (Huryops)

tephrodes (Selago)

Tephrosia .

terrestris (Tribulus)

teretifolia (Polygala)

Tetraédron :

Tetragonia

tetrandrum (Lycium)

Tetrapedia

‘Tetraspora

thermalis (Symploca)

Thunbergiana (Diascia) .

Thunbergiana (Dodonaea)

Thunbergianum (Limnanthe-

mum) .

Thunbergii (Amaranthus)

Thunbergii (Clematis)

hunbervii (Pennisetum)

Thunbergii acer ear

Thunbergii (Rhus) .

thymifolia (Aspalathus) .

thymifolia cela ua

TILIACEAE

Todea

tomentella (Athanasia) . :

Index.

PAGE

224.

252

230

tomentosa (Rhus)

tomentosa (Amphiglossa)

tomentosa (Sutera)

tomentosum (Didelta)

tomentosum (Huclea)

tomentosum (Galinm)

tomentosum (Solanum) .

tortuosum (Mesembr ianthe-

mum)

totta (Hremia)

tottum (Leucospermum)

Totta var. grandiflora (Bhyn-

chosia) .

Tournefortia

Tragus

Trianthema

Tribulus

Trichocaulon

Trichodesma

Tricholaena Z : :

trichotomum (Mesembrianthe-

mum)

trichotomum (Rhigozum)

tricostatum (Anthospermum)

Trifolium . 3

trifurcata (Athanasia)

trifurcata (Hermannia) .

trigonum var. isoscelum (Tetraé-

dron)

trinervia (Drosera)

Tripolium (Mesembr ianthemum)

Tripteris

triquetra (Aspalanthus) .

triquetra (Selago)

Triraphis .

trispina (Acanthopsis)

triste (Pelargonium)

tristis (Sutera) .

Trixago (Bellardia)

Trochomeria

Tryblionella (Fitzschia) .

T'ryblionella var. victoriae

tubulosa (Heliotropium)

tuberculosa (‘Tournefortia)

tumidulum (Mesembrianthe-

mum)

turbinata (Cenia)

turicensis (Nodularia)

Ulna (Synedra)

Ulna var. splendens

Ulna var vitrea .

ULOTRICHACEAE

ULOTRICHALES

ULOTHRIX

ULVACEAE

ULVALES

umbellata (Mosonia)

448

umbellatum (Mesembrianthe-

mum)

umbellatus (Er iocephalus)

UMBELLIFERAE

uncinatum (Mesembr ianthe-

mum)

uncinellum (Mesembrianthe-

mum) : : 9

undulata var. multiflora (Bor-

bonia)

undulata (Erythr ophysa)

undulata (Euclea)

undulatum (Gnaphalinm)

uniflora (Adenandra)

uniplumis (Aristida)

urens (Hibiscus) .

Uronema .

Ursinia

utilis (Pteronia) .

Vahlia

Valerandi (Samolus)

validum (Mesembr ianthemum) .

variabilis (Agathosma)

variabilis (Oxalis)

varians (Spirogyra)

variegatum (Helipterum)

varius (Chroococcus)

Vaucheria

VAUCHERIACEAE

velleriflora (Grisebachia)

velutinum (Argyrolobium)

Venidium . :

venusta (Indigofe ra)

VERBENACEAE

verecunda Oy

Veronica

verrucosa (Olea) .

verrucosum (Phar naceum)

verrucosus (Lobostemon )

versicolor (Nemesia)

versicolor (Ursinia)

vesiccaria (Corydalis)

vesicatoria (Knowltonia)

vestita (Aristida)

vestita var. parviflora

vestita var. schraderiana

vestitus (Senecio)

Viborgia

Vicia

Vigna .

villosa ( Blepharis)

villosa (Holothrix)

villosa (Phylica) .

villosa (Zaluzianskya)

Index.

PAGE | PAGE

| viminale (Sarcostemma) . . 182

146 viminalis (Rhus) . 45, 209

386 virescens var. exigua ‘(Fragi-

212 laria) 69

virgata (Crassula) 52

145 | virgata (Diosma). 204:

virgata (Hydrocotyle) 212

145 | virgata (Polygala) : 40

virgata var.’ genistoides (Poly-

24.6 crala) : a UGH

208 | virgata (Tetragonia) 155

219 virgatum (Eetadium) io

372 vireatum (Helipterum) . 373

204 virgatum (!’leiostomum) 263

234 virgultalis (Crotolaria) 252

159 -viridiflorus (Senecio) 403

82. viridis (Navicula) : 5 IR

419 — viscidula (Rhynchosia) 258

364 viscosa (Berkheya) 4.26

viscosa (Pteronia) 363

viscosa (Stobaea) . 426

viscosum (Limeum) 158

209 | Viscum 218

1385 V ogeha . . a Zale

144 | VOLVOCACEAE : 5) OS

204 vulgaris (Diosma) 203

202 vulgatum (C \phioglossum) 245

84 vulnerans (Aspalathus) . . 250

373

80 Ww

80 Wallichii (Cotyledon) 55

132. Welwitschii (Oedogonium) 89

253 Welwitschii var. subintegrifolia

4.23 (Corallocarpus) 211

2538 =Wettsteinil (Mesembr ianthe-

183 mum) 141

132. Wurmbii (Lobostemon) . . 222

269 Wylei (Venidium) : . 423

1338

157

222 =

265 xerophyton (Pelargonium) 202

420) Xysmalobium ; : . 180

177

232 g

232 Zaluzianskya : : . 269

232 | Zeyheri (Helichrysum) 376

401 Zeyheri (Stachys) 166

249 Zeyheri (‘Tribulus) yeLiO

257 | zeyheriana (Zizyphus) . 2 220i

257 | Zizyphus . : : . 206

260 | Zygnema . : a

188 7.¥ GNEMACEAE 82

207 | ZYGOPHYLLACEAE 170

69 Zygophyllum 171

( 449 )

17.—A Revision of the South African Material of the Genus Cyphia,

Berg.—By E. P. Puixuirs, M.A., D.Sc., F.L.S., Assistant.

THE genus Cyphia was founded by Bergius on the species C. bulbosa,

of which a good figure is given in Burman’s Pl. Afric. t. 38, fig. 2.

Since then many species have been described and the genus mono-

graphed, the last important monograph being Sonder’s in Harvey

and Sonder, “ Flora Capensis,” vol. 11. The key to the species in the

“ Flora Capensis ” and the descriptions of the species appeared to be

such as to warrant a revision of the material, and with this end in

view I undertook to examine the South African species. My thanks

are due to Mrs. F. Bolus, B.A., of the Bolus Herbarium, South

African College, Cape Town, and to Dr. 8. Schonland, of the Albany

Museum, Grahamstown, who kindly allowed me to examine the species

in their respective collections. This, together with the material in the

South African Museum Herbarium, has formed the basis of the re-

vision. Owing to the difficulty of referring to all the literature, the

synonymy is necessarily incomplete ; the lack of types has not been so

serious an obstacle as most of Zeyher’s and Ecklon and Zeyher’s speci-

mens are in our collection.

The genus may be separated into two more or less distinct groups

on the habit of the plants, 7.e. whether erect or twining, but this

character is not always constant as, e.g., C. assimilis may be either

erect or a twiner. Leaf characters, which proved useful in arranging

the species into groups, did not lend themselves to separating the

species, as, for example, in the natural group of closely allied species

triphylla, digitata, volubilis, and sylvatica. The hairiness or otherwise

of the anthers, which Sonder used to separate assimilis from persici-

folia, is an unstable character, as sometimes in the same plant the

anthers may be either glabrous or hairy.

The species of Cyphia are well distributed along the coastal belt from

Clanwilliam to Natal. Some of the species do not extend beyond

4.50, Annals of the South African Museum.

Riversdale, and others not further south than Komeha, while some,

again, pass from the South-western Region into the South-eastern

Region. They are comparatively few in the Karroo, and those species

which do occur there are species with a wide range of distribution,

e.g. volubilis, sylvatica, assimilis. Only one species, viz. assimilis,

occurs in the Kalahari proper, the others which are included under the

‘Kalahari Region” in the geography, are found on the higher parts

of the Transvaal bordering the Drakensbergen. In the Houtbosch

and Barberton areas six species are known to occur, four of which

are also represented in the Eastern Region, such as Natal, East

Griqualand, Pondoland, Tembuland, and the Transkei, one species is

endemic (C. transvaalensis), and one is widely distributed (viz. C.

assimilis). The latter species is the only one common to the typical

Kalahari Region and the above areas. These few facts while not of

much importance when considered by themselves, yet go to swell the

evidencethat Barberton, Houtbosch,in fact the whole of the mountainous

part of Lydenburg and Zoutpansberg Districts in the Eastern Trans-

vaal should not be included in the Kalahari Region, but have a greater

affinity with the Eastern Region.

CYPHIA, Berg.

Flowers hermaphrodite. Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary, turbinate

or campanulate, very rarely almost obsolete, glabrous, rarely hairy ;

lobes ovate to linear, entire, sometimes toothed, rarely pectinate.

Corolla bi-labiate, tubular or segments free to the base, usually

glabrous, very rarely hairy; corolla-tube rarely cylindric ; lobes linear

or lanceolate, acute or obtuse, sometimes acuminate. ‘Stamens more

than, or less than, half as long as the corolla; filaments either free to

the base or sometimes slightly monadelphous at the base, terete or

linear, usually widened below, usually hairy ; anthers cohering round

the style, usually pilose and bearded, sometimes glabrous. Ovary

half-inferior, 2-locular, many ovuled; style passing gradually into the

ovary, rarely almost obsolete ; stigma capitate, terminal or oblique.

Fruit partly enclosed by the persistent calyx-tube, many seeded.

Herbaceous perennials, often with tuberous roots. Stems erect or

twining, leaves cauline or more rarely wholly radical, alternate, entire

or divided, with margins serrated, toothed, crenate or entire, varying

from linear to broadly ovate. Inflorescence lax, rarely very dense,

either a distinct raceme at the end of the stem or the flowers arranged

in a racemose manner in the axils of the upper leaves, rarely the

inflorescence in 2—4-flowered umbels in the axils of the leaves. Bracts

South African Material of the Genus Cyphia, Berg. 451

various, from subulate to lanceolate, entire or divided, sometimes

toothed, rarely pectinate; bracteoles 2, variously situated on the

pedicels.

Key to Species.

Stems erect, not evident twiners.

Stem short ; leaves radical ; peduncles long and naked.

Leaves entire; calyx-lobes pectinate or toothed

Leaves pinnatilobed, pinnatisect, or entire ; calyx-lobes

ciliate, not pectinate or toothed :

Stems distinct; leaves cauline.

Leaves small, about 5mm. long (rarely longer), subulate

Leaves over 1 cm. long, not subulate.

Leaves elliptic or lanceolate, rarely linear; inflor-

escence a dense cylindric or oblong spike, if lax

then the flowers either 2-3-nate or the whole

plant densely pubescent c : :

Leaves linear or spathulate, rarely lanceolate, anne,

rarely pinnatisect; inflorescence lax; flowers

always solitary and plant never densely pu-

bescent.

Leaves entire, linear or lanceolate ; peduncles long,

naked ; bracts linear.

Peduncle, pedicels, and flowers pubescent.

Leaves pubescent; style almost obsolete, about

‘5mm. long : :

Leaves glabrous; style Bounce about 3°5 mm.

lone ; : : é

Pedunele, pedicels, aaa heer Aiaerons: rarely

the pedicels scabro-pubescent : 3 ,

Leaves entire, elliptic or spathulate ; peduncles not

long and naked; bracts oblong ; : ;

Leaves palmatisect or pinnatisect, rarely serrated ;

peduncles long and naked ; bracts 3-lobed

Plants twiners or scramblers, not erect.

Leaves simple, ovate or long-lanceolate, sometimes the

uppermost leaves linear.

Plant with a long naked peduncle bearing the flowers.

Inflorescence over 20-flowered; stamens less than

half as long as the corolla. 2 : : °

Inflorescence about 6-flowered ; stamens more than

half as long as the corolla. : :

Flowers arranged up the stem in the axils of tiie foamee:

All the flowers solitary.

Leaves never closely crenate, not distinctly dark-

veined beneath . , : : ; é

Leaves closely crenate, distinctly dark-veined

vo)

10.

beneath : ; ; : : , ; Aaslnte

. Phylewma.

incisa.

linarioides.

. elata.

Bolusti.

. longifolia.

. assimilis.

. oligotricha.

. bulbosa.

assimilis.

longifolia, var.

{| Baurit.

heterophylla.

transvaalensis.

452 Annals of the South African Museum.

Flowers either all umbellate, or solitary and umbellate

on the same plant.

Calyx-lobes almost as long as the corolla, 3 times

or more as long as the tube :

Calyx-lobes much shorter than the corolla, about

half as long again as the tube.

Corolla spotted with lilac. ¢ ; : .

Corolla not spotted : : :

Leaves simple or divided, linear, or leaf-lobes ine ur, rarely

lanceolate or linear-lanceolate.

Calyx-tube pubescent.

Corolla albo-pubescent ; stamens not half as long as

the corolla.

Corolla-lobes less than ‘Sem. long ; filaments flat,

triangular-ovate : - : : : .

Corolla-lobes more than 1 cm. long; filaments

terete . 5 : é : :

Corolla glabrous ; stamens more than half as long as

the corolla.

Calyx-tube glabrous.

. . .

Leaves digitately compound.

Infloresence distinctly marked off from the leaty

stem; bracts subulate, sometimes 2-toothed at

the base ; : : : 5 :

Inflorescence not distinctly marked off from the

leafy stem; bracts 3-5-lobed . : : :

Leaves simple, very rarely digitately trifoliate ; if so,

then the stamens not half as long as the corolla,

or the leaves 5-6 mm. broad,

Stamens less than half as long as the corolla.

Corolla regular, not bilabiate

Corolla bilabiate.

Corolla-seyinents widened into a distinct limb

wider than the claw ; calyx-lobes broadly

ovate, entire, very rarely toothed 3

Corolla-segments linear with the limb as broad

as the claw; calyx-lobes ovate-linear

2-4-toothed a4 the base : c

Stamens half as long or more than half as lone as

the corolla.

Calyx-tube saucer-shaped (almost obsolete) ;

lobes linear, obtuse : :

Calyx-tube turbinate or campanulate, lobes

ovate or sometimes ovate-linear, acuminate,

acute.

A more or less erect plant; leaves usually

sessile . : : : : ¢

A very evident twiner; leaves usually shortly

petioled : : : 4 ‘

12. corylifolia.

13. maculosa.

14. natalensis.

15. longiflora.

16. longilobata.

17. Schlechteri.

18. triphylla.

19. digitata.

20. zeyheriana.

21 volubilis.

22. Tysonii.

23. crenala,

24. undulata,

. 20. sylvatica,

South African Material of the Genus Cyphia, Berg. 455

1. C. Phytewma (Willd., Spec. I, p. 953).

An acaulescent plant, 14-73 em. high, with a globose root about

15 cm. in diameter. Leaves radical, 1:-7-10 em. long, *5-3°8 em.

broad, elliptic, oblong-elliptic, or oblanceolate, rounded or acute at

the apex, attenuated at the base, distinctly veined beneath, glabrous

or glandular-pubescent, with entire or undulating, rarely toothed

margins. Peduncles 14-73 cm. long, terete, smooth or furrowed, bear-

ing a few bracts, glabrous. Inflorescence racemose, 4-34 cm. long,

bearing 38-many flowers. Pedicels about 1 mm. long. Bracts 3°5 mm.

long, ovate-lanceolate, acute, distinctly veined, glabrous ; bracteoles

2-3 cm. long, similar to the bracts. Calyx-tube 2-3 mm. long, turbi-

nate or broadly campanulate, prominently ribbed, glabrous; lobes

reflexed, 5-5-6 mm. long, ovate, acuminate, acute, with a prominent

mid-rib and distinctly veined, with toothed or pectinate margins,

glabrous. Corolla split to the base, composed of 2 long and 3 short

segments; long segment 1:9 cm. long, 1:62 mm. broad, linear,

broadened above, obtuse, with a distinct mid-rib and veining, glab-

rous ; short segments 1:7 em. long, otherwise similar to the longer.

Stamens free or slightly cohering; filaments 4 mm. long, linear,

villous; anthers 83 mm. long, linear, ciliate on the back. Ovary half-

inferior ; style 4-5 mm. long, -5 mm. in diameter, terete, glabrous ;

stigma oblique. Frwit half-inferior, ovoid, acuminate, enclosed in the

lower half of the persistent calyx.

Roem. and Schult., Syst.,v, 476; Presl., in E. Mey. Comm. PL,

Drege, 292, in Eckl. and Zeyh. Enum., 388; ADC. in DC., Prodr.

VU, ii, 498; Sond., in Harv. and Sond., Fl. Cap. iii, 598; C. serrata,

Spreng. Neue Entdeck., i, 274; Lobelia phytewma, Linn., Sp. Pl.,

1319; Thunb., Fl. Cap., 184.

SourH-westERN Reaion.—Piquetberg Division: Het Kruis, Septem-

ber, Glover and Stephens in Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition, 8746! ;

Piquetberg Road Station, 350 ft., October, Guthrie in Herb. Bolus,

13604!; Piquetberg Mountains, 1-1500 ft., September, Schlechter,

5205!. Malmesbury Division: Mooresberg, 500 ft., October, Bolus !.

Tulbagh Division: Near Ceres, 1500 ft., October, Bolus, 8386 !. Paarl

Division: French Hoek, 1500 ft., October, Phillips, 1203!. Cape

Division: Table Mountain, October, MacOwan, 2351!; near Cape

Town, October, Bolus, 326!; near the Wynberg Ranger’s, October,

Wolley-Dod, 691!; Lion's Head, September, Zeyher !; Green Point,

October, Pappe!. Caledon Division: Bot River, 700 ft., October,

Schlechter, 5522!; damp plains at Houw Hoek, c. 500 ft., October,

MacOwan in Herb. Norm. Austro-Afric., 749!; Buffelsjagrivier,

454: Annals of the South African Museum.

October, Zeyher, 5098 !. Swellendam Division : Swellendam, October,

Pappe!. Riversdale Division: Near Albertina, Muir in Herb. Bolus,

1127!; Riversdale, 700 ft., October, Bolus, 11825!.

The corolla is white tinged with blue and covered with minute blue

spots.

2. C. mcisa (Willd., sp. Pl. I, 953).

An acaulescent plant, 5-48 em. high, with spherical swellings on the

roots. Leaves radical, 2°5-10 em. long, -7-2°5 em. broad, elliptic,

obovate, oblong, rarely lanceolate, rounded or obtuse at the apex,

attenuated at the base, entire or subpinnatilobed, especially near the

base, distinctly veined beneath, glandular-hispid. Pedwneles solitary,

rarely 2-4 from a stem, 10-40 cm. long, naked, terete, furrowed,

glandular-pilose or glandular-pubescent. Inflorescence racemose,

4-14 cm. long, 3 to about 12 flowered. Pedicels -2-1°7 cm. long,

terete, glandular-pilose. Bracts 2-4 mm. long, linear, obtuse,

ciliated with long glandular hairs ; bracteoles 1-2-5 mm. long, other-

wise similar to the bracts. Calya-tube 1-5-2 mm. long, campanulate,

glandular-pilose ; lobes 3°5-6 mm. long, linear, obtuse, ciliate with

long glandular hairs. Corolla of 2 long and 3 short segments ; seg-

ments 1:15-1:9 cm. long, linear, obtuse, pilose or pubescent inside

near the base, sometimes with scattered hairs without. Stamens

cohering at the base; filaments 4-5 mm. long, ovate below, becoming

linear above, pilose; anthers 2°5-3°5 mm. long, linear-oblong, pilose

on the back. Ovary ¢ inferior; style 2°5-3 mm. long, linear, glab-

rous; stigma subglobose. Fruits 19 em. long, ovoid, acuminate,

glabrous, enclosed in the persistent calyx. Seeds 3 mm. long, 1-5 mm.

broad, oblong, surrounded by a wide membranous wing 2 mm. broad.

Roem. and Schult. Syst. V, 476; Presl. in Eckl. and Zeyh. Enum.,

388; A.DC. in DC. Prodr. VII, ti, 499; Sond. in Harv. and Sond.,

Fl. Cap. III, 598; Lobelia incisa, Thunb. Prodr. Pl., Cap. 39, FI.

Cap., 185.

SouTH-WESTERN Recion.—Van Rhynsdorp Division: Oliphant’s

River, 400 ft., August, Schlechter, 5020!. Clanwilliam Division :

Near Wupperthal, 2900 ft., October, Bolus!. Tulbagh Division :

Mitchell’s Pass, 1000 ft., September, Schlechter, 8965!. Cape Divi-

sion: Camp’s Bay, 500 ft., September, Bolus, 4977!; Lion’s Rump,

950 ft., October, Bolus, 9522 !.

var. 8 Cardamines, Phillips, comb. nov.

Leaves pinnate or pinnatisect, otherwise similar to the type. C. Car-

damines, Willd., Sp. Pl. I, 955; Hekl. and Zeyh. nun, 388 ; ADC.

South African Material of the Genus Cyphia, Berg. ADS

in DC. Prodr., VII, vi, 498; Sond., in Harv. and Sond., Fl. Cap. ITI,

599; Lobelia cardamines, Thunb., Fl. Cap., 185.

SourH-weEsTERN Reaion.—Cape Division: Camp Ground, 100 ft.,

September, Bolus, 3933!; Wolley-Dod, 196!; Green Point Common,

September, Wolley-Dod, 1536!; Pappe!; Zeyher, 2425!; near Cape

Town, c. 100 ft., September, Bolus, 3935!. Swellendam Division :

River Zonder Kinde, Zeyher !.

var. 6 bracteata, Phillips, var. nov.

Differs from the type and var. 8 in having broad leaf-like toothed

bracts ; the calyx lobes are not long-ciliate, and the peduncle bears a

pair of leaves.

SourTH-wESTERN Rearon.—Cape Division: Near Kirstenbosch, 750

ft., October, Bolus, 7281 !.

3. C. bulbosa (Berg., Descr. Fl. Cap., 172).

An erect plant 10-40 em. high, simple or branched from near the

base. Stems finely or densely pubescent, sometimes becoming almost

glabrous. Leaves cauline, ‘7-5-2 cm. long, palmatisect, pinnatisect,

or bipinnatisect, the leaf segments linear, rarely oblong, linear-oblong

or obovate, obtuse, glabrous. Inflorescence 1:°5-24 em. long, cylindric,

many-flowered. Bract 6°5 mm. long, trilobed or pinnatifid ; middle

lobe linear, obtuse, 3-nerved; side lobes 2-5 mm. long, subterete,

apiculate; bracteoles situated just below the calyx, 2°5 mm. long, acu-

minate, acute. Pedicel 3 mm. long, terete, pubescent. Calyax-tube

2mm. long, companulate, pubescent; lobes 3-5°5 mm. long, linear,

subacuminate, glabrous. Corolla bilabiate; tube 8 mm. long, gla-

brous; lobes 5 mm. long, lanceolate, obtuse. Stamens cohering in

the lower half; filaments 6 mm. long, linear in the lowermost 2,

becoming subterete above, pilose; anthers ciliated or glabrous. Style

5 mm. long, ovate-acuminate in outline, glabrous; stigma conical.

Fruit 1 cm. long, the lower portion enclosed in the persistent promi-

nently ribbed calyx, ovoid, glabrous.

Roem. and Schult., Syst.,v, 476; Presl., in E. Mey., Comm. Pl.

Drege, 293, in Eckl. and Zeyh. Enum., 388; A.DC., in DC., Prodr.

VII, wi, 499; Sond., in Harv. and Sond., Fl. Cap., vii, 600; C. bulbosa,

Berg., var. pinnatifida, Presl., in EH. Mey., Comm. Pl. Drege, 297 ;

Lobelia bulbosa, Linn., Sp. Pl., 1319; Thunb., Fl. Cap., 184. Rapun-

tium tuberosum, foliis multifidus, floribus spicatis, Burm. Afr., 99,

t. 38, fig. 2.

SouvH-wESTERN ReGron.—Clanwilliam Division; Clanwilliam,

Leipoldt, 207!. Malmesbury Division: Hopefield, 200 ft., September,

456 Annals of the South African Museum.

Schlechter, 5825!. Tulbagh Division: Ceres Road, Tyson in Herb.

MacOwan Austro-Afric., 6048!. Cape Division: Table Mountain, ec.

500 ft., July, Rogers, 2435! September, MacOwan, 2340! and in Herb.

Norm. Austro-Afric., 93 !, 1000 ft., August, Tyson, 2434!; Platteklip,

August, Wolley-Dod, 195!; Green Point, October, Pappe!; Lion’s

Head, 400 ft., November, Bolus!; near Wynberg, September, Bolus,

3398!; Red Hill, August, Rogers, 11,246!; Simonstown, July, 800 ft.,

Schlechter, 1086!; Smithwinkel Bay, October, Bolus!. Caledon

Division: Babyloon Torn, August, Zeyher!. Swellendam Division :

River Zonder Einde, October, Pappe!.

*var. orientalis, Phillips, var. nov.

Differs from the type in the leaves being usually bluntly serrated,

the bracts 2-toothed at the base, and the calyx-lobes 2 mm. long and

ovate.

SouTH-WESTERN Reeton.—Albany Division: Near Golf Links,

Grahamstown, May, Gane, 7!.

4. C. elata (Harv., Thes. Cap., 11, 39, t. 160).

An erect plant 10-84 cm. high. Stems terete, furrowed, pubescent,

leafy. Leaves sessile, sometimes becoming smaller at the top of the

stem, 1-10 cm. long, *3-4°3 cm. broad, oblong, elliptic, lanceolate,

ovate-lanceolate, ovate or linear, acute or obtuse, rounded or narrowed

at the base, glabrous or pubescent, with toothed or serrated margins,

and with distinct veining beneath. Inflorescence usually compact,

sometimes lax, 1°2-30 em. long, cylindric, oblong, sometimes almost

globose. Flowers solitary or 2-3-nate. Bract 1:1-3°5 cm. long,

linear or lanceolate-linear, acute or obtuse, pectinate or toothed ;

bracteoles 175-4 mm. long, linear, acute. Calyz-tube 1-1°5 mm. long,

campanulate or turbinate, ribbed, shghtly pubescent; lobes 2°5-5 mm.

long, linear, acute, toothed, pubescent. Corolla-segments 4°5-8°5 mm.

long, linear or oblong-linear, sometimes subacuminate, acute or obtuse,

glabrous or pubescent. Filaments 2-3 mm. long, linear, broadened

below, pilose; anthers 1°5-2°5 mm. long, oblong, pilose on the back.

Style 2-2°5 mm. long, linear, glabrous ; stigma clavate or oblique.

Sond., in Harv. and Sond., Fl. Cap., vii, 601; C. Gerrardi, Harv., in

Harv. and Sond., l. c.; C. Wilmsiana, Diels, in Engl. Jahrb., xevi,

112; Cyphopsis elata, O. K., in Rev. Gen., iii, 186.

KALAHARI Reaton.—Transvaal: Stony Mountains at Houtbosch,

ec. 4900 ft., February, Bolus, 10990!; mountain tops among rocks,

* The species and varieties marked with an asterisk are not represented in

the South African Museum Herbarium.

South African Material of the Genus Cyphia, Berg. AB?

Upper Moodies, Barberton, 5000 ft., February, Galpin, 791!; hill-

sides Barberton, 3000 ft., March, Galpin, 852!; Belfast, February,

Burtt-Davy, 1520!; Wonderfontein, Middleburg Division, 5600 ft.,

January, Bolus!; Volksrust, Jenkins in Trans. Mus. Herb., 9313!.

Eastern Reaton.—Transkei: Hillsides among coarse grass, Willow-

vale, 1000 ft., April, Pegler, 11931. Pondoland: Mount Engcobo,

4300 ft., February, Bolus!. East Griqualand: Near Clydesdale on

slopes of Malowe Mountain, 4000 ft., February, Tyson, 2152!; on

eastern slopes of Malowe Mountain, near Clydesdale, 3500 ft., Tyson,

2715!; Etemeeni, between Clydesdale and Ibisi River, 3500 ft.,

March, Tyson, 1205!; Insiswa, 6800 ft., January, Schlechter, 6491! ;

Inchanga, 3500 ft., September, Schlechter, 3252!. Natal, Guweinzius ue

Inanda, Wood, 56!.

Eastern Mountarn Recion.—Natal: Van Reenen, 5000 ft., March,

Schlechter, 6924; higher grassy slopes of the Mont-aux-Sources,

ec, 8100 ft., January, Thode, 31!. Basutoland: Leribe District,

Dieterlen, 451 !.

var. oblongifolia, Phillips, comb. nov.

Differs from the type in the long lax inflorescence, with the flowers

solitary in the axils of the bracts.

C. oblongifolia, Harv. and Sond., in Fl. Cap., vii, 601.

Swaziland: Grassy place in the “ High Veld” near ’Mbabane,

Dalriach District, c. 4-4800 ft., January, Bolus, 12,094!, Rogers,

11487 !..

C. elata, C. Gerrardi, C. oblongifolia.

After a careful examination of the material in the Bolus Herbarium,

the Albany Museum, and Cape Town, I have come to the conclusion

that C. elata must be regarded as a very variable species. There are

all stages in the type of the inflorescence: (1) A very compact inflor-

escence with a single flower in the axil of each bract; (2) a lax

inflorescence with a single flower in the axil of each bract; (3) a lax

inflorescence with 2-35 flowers in the axil of each bract ; (4) a com-

pact inflorescence with 2—4 flowers in the axil of each bract. The first

type is represented by such specimens as Tyson, 2715, Schlechter, 3282,

6491; the second by Bolus, 12,094, and Rogers, 11,487; the third by

Hutton, 212, Galpin, 791; the fourth by Jenkins, 9313, Bolus, 10,990,

Rogers, 2701. All these forms are more or less linked up with one

another, and I propose treating them as a single species, keeping out

Bolus, 12,094,and Rogers, 11,487, as varieties on account of their distinct

habit.

458 Annals of the South African Museum.

5. C. oligotricha (Schltr., in Eng. Jahrb., xxvii, 195).

- Plant 12-15 em. high, simple or branched from the base, with a

somewhat thickened root. Stems glabrous. Leaves 1-2°5 cm. long,

-25-1:2 em. broad, spathulate, more rarely elliptic or ovate, obtuse,

narrowed at the base, glabrous, usually entire, rarely with margins

remotely toothed. Inflorescence 3-11 cm. long, many-flowered.

Flowers solitary. Bracts similar to the leaves but smaller ; bracteoles

close under the calyx, 15 mm. long, ovate, acuminate, acute, glabrous.

Pedicel 3 mm. long, terete, pubescent. Calyz-tube 15 mm. long,

turbinate, scantily pubescent; lobes 2°5 mm. long, ovate, acuminate,

acute. Corolla-segments 8°5 mm. long, linear, slightly broadened in

the uppermost %, shortly acuminate, obtuse, glabrous. Filaments

3°5 mm. long, expanded at the base, linear above, pilose ; anthers 2 mm.

long, oblong, minutely apiculate, ciliate on the back. Style 2°5 mm.

long, compressed, glabrous ; stigma subglobose.

SoutH-wEsTERN Recion.—Bredasdorp Division: Zout River, 450

ft., July, Schlechter, 8105!.

6. C. linarioides (Presl., in Eckl. and Zeyh. Enum., 591).

An erect plant 15-52 cm. high. Stem glabrous. Leaves 2-7 mm.

long (rarely 2 cm. long), linear, obtuse, mostly entire, sometimes

2-3-toothed, glabrous. Racemes 6-20 cm. long, 7-17-flowered.

Pedicels 5-6 mm. long, glabrous or minutely puberulous. Bracts

1-2 mm. long, linear or subulate, subacute, glabrous, entire or 1-2-

toothed near the base. Calyzx-tube 1 mm. long, campanulate, ribbed,

glabrous ; lobes 1-125 mm. long, ovate, subacute, glabrous. Corolla

unequal at the base; segments 85-9 mm. long, linear, and channelled

below, broadened above, obtuse, glabrous. Filaments 3°5-4°5 mm.

long, linear, pilose; anthers 1-5-2 mm. long, pilose. Style 2-4 mm.

long, semiterete, glabrous ; stigma capitate, pilose.

Presl., in HE. Mey, Comm. Pl. Drége, 294, ex parte; A.DC., in DC.,

Prodr., VII, vi, 498; Sond., in Harv. and Sond., Fl. Cap., vii, 600 ;

C. campestris, Presl., in Hekl. and Zeyh. Enui., 391; C. cinarioides,

Presl., in E. Mey, l. ¢., 293 (evidently a misprint for linarioides) ;

C. tenuifolia, A.DC., in DC., Prodr., VII, ii, 495.

SoutH-wEstERN Recion.—Tulbagh Division: Ceres Road Station,

500 ft., September, Guthrie, 3391!. Cape Division: Mountains round

Constantia, c. 500 ft., May, Schlechter, 762!. Caledon Division:

Zwartberg, Ecklon and Zeyher, 2438!. Bredasdorp Division: Elim,

April, Schlechter, 7690!. Uitenhage Division: March, Schlechter,

2517!; Ecklon and Zeyher, 3088!. Port Elizabeth Division: Red

South African Material of the Genus Cyphia, Berg. 459

House, February, Patterson, 466. Albany Division: Grahamstown,

Cherry, 935.

7. *C. Bolusti (Phillips, sp. nov.).

Planta erecta, 45 em. alta. Slirps pubescens. Folia 8-5-2 em.

longa, ‘6-1°3 cm. lata, lanceolata vel lineari-lanceolata, apice subobtusa,

pubescentia, marginibus serratis. Pedunculus 30 cm. longus, pubescens.

Inflorescentia 7-5 cm. longa, circa 15-florifera. Bracteae 6 mm. longae,

lineares, pilosae. Pedicelus 1:25 mm. longus, teres, pilosus. Tubus

calyci 1 mm. longus, campanulatus, pilosus; lobi 2°5 mm. longi,

lineares, ciliati. Segmenta corollae 5°25 mm. longa, ciliata. Filamenta

1 mm. longa, linearia, ciliata; antherae 15 mm. longae, oblongae,

sparse cillatae. Stylus 5 mm. longus; stigma obliquum.

An erect plant 43 cm high. Stem terete, furrowed, pubescent.

Leaves 3-52 em. long, *6—-1°3 em. broad, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate,

subobtuse, distinctly veined beneath, pubescent, with serrate margins.

Peduncles 30 cm. long, naked, terete, furrowed, pubescent. Inflor-

escence 7'5 cm. long, about 15-flowered. Flowers solitary, subsessile.

Bracts 6 mm. long, linear, subacute, pilose ; bracteoles at the base of

the pedicels, 1-5 mm. long, subulate, with a few hairs on the margins.

Pedicel 1:25 mm. long, terete, pilose. Calyx-tube 1 mm. long, cam-

panulate, pilose; lobes 2°5 mm. long, linear, slightly broadened at the

base, ciliate. Corolla-segments 5°25 mm. long, linear below, ovate and

acuminate above, ciliate. Filaments 1 mm. long, linear, ciliate ;

anthers 1:5 mm. long, oblong, scantily ciliated on the back. Style

‘5mm. long; stigma oblique.

Kananart Recion.—Swaziland: Grassy places in the “ High Veld”

near “Mbabane in Dalriach District, 4800 ft., January, Bolus, 12093.

Very near C. longifolia, N.E. Br., but differs in having hairy leaves ;

the filaments and styles are also much shorter.

8. C. longifolia (N.E. Br., Kew Bull., 1908, 435).

An erect simple plant, 80-88 em. high, rarely branched (Bolus 10,179),

sometimes furrowed, glabrous or pubescent. Leaves 2°5-15 em. long,

1-5-8 mm. broad, long linear, rarely linear-lanceolate, acute, produced

at the base into a stem-ridge, venation distinct beneath, glabrous or

scantily pubescent. Peduncle 10-27 em. long, simple, very rarely

(Bolus 10,179) branched, pubescent. Inflorescence lax, 2-20 em. long,

many-flowered. Flowers solitary in the axils of the bracts. Bract

4mm. long, linear, acute, ciliated ; bracteoles at base of the petiole,

1:5 mm. long, subulate, ciliate, Pedicel 3-5 mm. long, terete, pubescent.

4.60 Annals of the South African Museum.

Corolla-seqments ‘9-1 em. long, linear, broadening above, acuminate,

subobtuse, pilose. Calya-tube 1-5 mm. long, broadly vampanulate, ~

somewhat oblique, pilose; lobes 2°5 mm. long, lanceolate, acute, ciliate,

1-2-toothed near the base. Stamens slightly connate, more than 4

as long as the corolla; filaments 4mm. long, linear, shehtly broadened

at the base, pilose; anthers 2mm. long, oblong, ciliate on the back,

slightly tufted at the apex. Style 3°5 mm. long, linear, glabrous ;

stigma capitate, hairy. Fruit 7 mm. long, 7 mm. in diameter, globose,

prominently veined, glabrous.

KALAHARI Recion.—Transvaal: Pietersburg District, Modjadjes.

December, Rogers, 18212 !.

EastERN Reaton.—Pondoland: Near Xalanga, 4600 ft., January,

Bolus!; between Cala and Elliott, 5200 ft., January, Bolus, 10,179 !;

near Umtata, 2200 ft., February, Bolus!; Wildebeest or Inklu River,

3500 ft., January, Bolus!. East Griqualand: Slopes of Malowe

Mountain, 3000 ft., November, Zyson, 5092!. Natal: Zwartkop,

3-4000 ft., Wood, 10139.

Flowers cream (ex Galpin).

var. Baurii, Phillips, var. nov.

A more voluble plant than the type. Leaves 6-10 em. long, ‘6-1 em.

broad, linear-lanceolate, with serrated margins. Inflorescence 6-flowered.

This only differs from the type in habit.

Eastern Recion.—Tembuland: Bazija, 2000 ft., January, Baur,

576.

9. C. assimilis (Sond., Fl. Cap., ILI, 600).

An erect simple plant, rarely branched, 20-75 em. high. Stems terete,

glabrous. Leaves 2-10 cm. long, 1-6°5 mm. broad, linear, obtuse,

sometimes acuminate and subacute, glabrous, entire or remotely

serrated or subcrenate on the margins. Peduncle 5-22 em. long,

glabrous. Inflorescence 1-35 em. long, lax, 3-many-flowered. Flowers

solitary. Bract 6-8 mm. long, linear or linear-lanceolate, acute or

subobtuse, 2—5-toothed near the base, glabrous; bracteoles 2-4 mm.

long, lanceolate or setaceous, glabrous. Pedicel 2°5-3°5 mm. long,

terete, glabrous. Calyz-tube 1-5 mm. long, turbinate, ribbed, glabrous

or pubescent ; lobes 4 mm. long, linear or ovate, acuminate, subacute,

2-3-toothed, glabrous. _ Corolla-segments 1:35-1-7 cm. long, linear,

obtuse, glabrous. Stamens subconnate, less than 3 as long as the

corolla ; filaments 2°5-4 mm. long, ovate below, linear above, ciliate ;

anthers 15-25 mm. long, oblong-linear, glabrous or ciliate. Style

3-4 mm. long, linear, glabrous ; stigma pilose,

South African Material of the Genus Cyphia, Berg. 461

C. linarioides, Presl., var. major, Presl., in Eckl. and Zeyh. Enum.,

391; C. persicifolia, Presl., in EH. Mey., Comm. Pl. Drege, 296; Sond.,

in Harv. and Sond., Fl. Cap., wii, 599.

SouTH-weEstERN Rearon.—Albany Division: Grahamstown, Schlech-

ter, 2605!. East London Division: East London, Rattray, 294!, near

East London, ec. 300 ft., May, Bolus, 7370!. Victoria East Division :

Lovedale, February, W.G.B., 703!; Alice, Pappe!. Komgha Division:

Near the Kei Mouth, 200 ft., July, Flanagan, 45!. King Williams-

town Division: Below King Willhamstown, 1200 ft., Sim, 243 !.

Stockenstroom Division: Eland’s Berg, January—April, Scully, 186 !.

Crentrat Reaion.—Queenstown Division: Klipplaats River, April,

Zeyher, 2437 !.

Kananari Reaton.—Griqualand West: West Hill, Beaconsfield, c.

2000 ft., Schonland, 683!. Transvaal: Johannesburg, March, Guthrie,

3176!; Rustenburg, April, McLea in Herb. Bolus!; Barberton, east

slopes of Saddleback Mountain, 4500 ft., March, Galpin, 1323 !.

Orange Free State: Parys, April, Grey, College Herb., 535!.

EasterRN Rearon.—Pondoland: Between Umtata and St. John’s,

3000 ft., February, Bolus, 10,178!; between Umtata and Mlengana,

3000 ft., February, Bolus, 10,180!; near Umtata, 3000 ft., January,

Flanagan, 2847!. Tembuland: Bazija, 2-5000 ft., January, Baur,

583!? Hast Griqualand: Near Maclear, 4700 ft., January, Bolus,

TOMS 7 MV

Flowers pinkish.

*var. latifolia, Phillips, var. nov.

Differs from the type in the broad (‘8-1 cm.) leaves, which are

oblong or lanceolate in shape, otherwise agreeing in the floral

characters.

SourH-weEsTeERN Rxecron.—Hast London, December, Rattray, 628!.

10. C. heterophylla (Presl., in Eckl. and Zeyh. Enum., 389).

A twining plant. Stem glabrous. Leaves petioled, rarely sub-

sessile, 2°2-5'4 em. long, -5-3-2 cm. broad, ovate, lanceolate or

elliptic, usually subtrilobed (if not lobed, then never closely serrated),

acute or subacute, rounded or slightly narrowed at the base, distinctly

veined beneath, glabrous, with margins entire, subcrenate or remotely

toothed. Inflorescence not sharply marked off from the stem, many

flowered. Flowers solitary. Bracts 5-2 cm. long, otherwise very

similar to the leaves. Pedicels ‘8-15 cm. long, terete, glabrous.

Bracteoles usually alternating, sometimes opposite, usually situated

4.62 Annals of the South African Museum.

about the middle of the pedicel, sometimes at the base of the pedicel.

Calyx-tube 15 mm. long, campanulate, glabrous; lobes 5 mm. long,

ovate, acuminate, acute, reticulately veined, with a distinct mid-rib,

glabrous. Corolla bilabiate ; tube 9 mm. long, glabrous ; lobes 7 mm.

long, linear, obtuse or subobtuse, glabrous, Stamens joined below ;

filaments 6 mm. long, ovate in the lower half, terete above, pilose ;

anthers 2°5 mm. long, oblong, ciliate on the back. Style 4 mm. long,

linear, glabrous ; stigma capitate.

Presl., in EH. Mey., Comm. Pl., Drege, 297; A.DC., in DC., Prodr.

VIT, ti, 500; Sond., in Harv. and Sond., Fl. Cap., iii, 602.

SOUTH-WESTERN Recion.—George Division: Sandy places near

George, Pappe!, Hcklon and Zeyher, 2429!. Albany Division: Dassie

Kranz, near Grahamstown, September, Rogers !.

11. *C. transvaalensis, Phillips, sp. nov.

Stirps glabra. Folia petiolata, 15-5 fem. longa, °3-1°3 em. lata,

lanceolata, apice obtusa, basi subcuneata, subtus pallida nigranervo-

saque, glabra, marginibus crenata vel subserrata. Flores solitares.

Pediculus 4 mm. longus, teres, tenuiter pubescens vel subglaber.

Tubus calyci 15 mm. longus, costatus, glaber; lobi 2°5 mm. longi,

lineares vel lineari-ovati, apice subacuti, generaliter 2-4-dentati.

Segmenta corollae 1-45—-1:6 em. longa, apice obtusa, intus sparse pilosa,

marginibus minute ciliatis. Stamina basi connata ; filamenta linearia,

pilosa; antherae 2 mm. longae, pilosae. Stylus 2°5 mm. longus,

compressus; stigma capitatum, obliquum. Fructus 7 mm. longus,

3-4 mm. latus, ovatus, costatus.

A twiner. Stem glabrous. Leaves petioled, 15-5 em. long, °3-1'3

cm. broad, lanceolate, the young leaves lanceolate-linear, obtuse, sub-

cuneate at the base, paler beneath and distinctly veined with dark

veins, glabrous, and with the margins closely crenate or subserrate.

Flowers solitary in the axils of the upper leaves. Pedicels 4 mm.

long, terete, very finely pubescent or subglabrous. Bracteoles 1-5 mm.

long, subulate, situated about the middle of the pedicel. Calyzx-tube

1:5.mm. long, prominently ribbed, glabrous; lobes 2°5 mm. long,

linear or linear-ovate, subacute, usually 2-4-toothed. Corolla-segments

1:45-1°6 em. long, linear below, lanceolate in the uppermost quarter,

obtuse, scantily pilose within, very minutely ciliate on the margins,

Stamens connate below, less than 4 as long as the corolla; filaments

3 mm. long, linear, narrowing above, pilose; anthers 2 mm. long,

linear, pilose on the back. Style 2°5 mm. long, compressed, glabrous ;

stigma capitate, oblique. Frwit 7 mm. long, 3-4 mm. in diameter

South African Material of the Genus Cyphia, Berg. 463

below, ovoid, obtuse, prominently veined on the lower half and partly

enclosed by the persistent calyx, glabrous.

Kananart Rearon.—Transvaal (Pietersburg District): In stony

mountains at Houtbosch, c. 5200 ft., February, Bolus, 10,989! .

12. *C. corylifolia (Harv., Thes. Cap. i, 39, Pl. 161).

A twiner. Stem sometimes furrowed, glabrous or minutely pubescent.

Leaves petioled, 15-55 em. long, ‘2-2-2 em. broad, ovate or ovate-

lanceolate, the youngest leaves lanceolate-linear, acuminate, acute,

distinctly veined beneath, glabrous, with serrated margins; inter-

nodes 2°5-5:7 em. long. Flowers umbellate in the axils of the upper

leaves, very rarely solitary. Peduncles ‘6-3 cm. long, terete, minutely

pubescent or subglabrous. Pedicels 2°56 mm. long, terete, pubescent

or subglabrous. Bracteoles 1 mm. long, subulate. Calyx-tube 15 mm.

long, turbinate, prominently ribbed ; lobes 4 mm. long, linear, acute,

glabrous. Corolla-segments 7 mm. long, linear, broadening at the

base, obtuse, channelled, scantily pilose. Stamens more than } as

long as the corolla; filaments 3°5 mm. long, linear, widened at the

base, pilose; anthers 1:5 mm. long, elliptic, pilose on the back. Style

3 mm. long, subterete, glabrous ; stigma capitate, terminal Sond., in

Harv. and Sond., Fl. Cap., ii, 601.

Kananart Rearon.—Transvaal, Mokapano Poort, 4700 ft., January,

Schlechter, 4332! ?

Eastern Recion.—Natal, Karkloof, 5500 ft., February, Schlechter,

6834: !.

18. *C. maculosa (Phillips, sp. nov.).

Stirps glabra. Folia paullo petiolata, 6:3 cm. longa, ‘15-11 cm.

lata, lanceolata, apice basique acuta, glabra, marginibus integris vel

remote subcrenatis ; petiolus circa 2 mm. longus. Flores solitares vel

2-3-nati. Pediculus 1 cm. longus, glaber. Twubus calyci 1 mm. longus,

campanualtus, glaber ; lobi 3 mm. longi, ovati, acuminati, apice acuti,

2-3-dentati, glabri. Segmenta corollae 1:3 cm. longa, 1-2 mm. lata,

linearia, subacuminata, apice obtusa. Stamina basi connata; filamenta

5 mm. longa, basi dilata, pilosa; antherae 2°5 mm. longae, ciliatae.

Stylus 4 mm, longus, teres, glaber; stigma capitatum.

A twiner. Stems terete, glabrous. Leaves shortly petioled, 6°3 em.

long, ‘15-1:1 cm, broad, lanceolate, the younger leaves sometimes

linear-lanceolate, acute at the apex and base, with a distinct midrib,

glabrous, with entire or sometimes remotely subcrenate margins ;

petiole about 2 mm. long. Flowers solitary or sometimes 2—3-nate in

464 Annals of the South African Museum.

the axils of the upper leaves. Pedicel 1 cm. long, glabrous. Bracteoles

15 mm. long, linear. Calyx-tube 1 mm. long, broadly campanulate,

glabrous; lobes 3 mm. long, ovate, acuminate, acute, 2—3-toothed,

glabrous. Corolla-segments white with lilac markings ( fide, A. Pegler),

1:3 em. long, 1-2 mm. broad, linear, subacuminate, obtuse, with a short

blunt appendage. Stamens 4 as long as the corolla, connate at the

base ; filaments 5 mm. long, linear above, expanded below, pilose ;

anthers 2°5 mm. long, oblong, ciliate on the back. Style 4mm. long,

terete, glabrous ; stigma capitate.

EastERN ReGion.—Transkei, 1000 ft., Summer, A. Pegler, 277 !.

14. C. natalensis (Phillips, sp. nov.).

Stirps glabra. Folia petiolata, 15-10 em. longa, lanceolato-ovata

vel lanceolato-linearia, acuminata, apice acuta, basi cuneata, subtus

venosa, glabra, marginibus serratis ; petiolus :*7—1°5 cm. longus, glaber.

Flores umbellati, rare solitari. Pedunculus 2-9 mm. longus, pubescens

vel subglaber. Pediculus 3-6 mm. longus, pubescens vel subglaber.

Tubus calyci 1°5 mm. longus, campanulatus, lobi 2 mm. longi, ovati,

acuminati, apice acuti, subglabri. Segmenta corollae 1 mm. longa,

linearia, apice obtusa, glabra. Stamina basi connata; filamenta 4 mm.

longa, linearia, basi dilata, pilosa; antherae 2 mm. longae, ciliatae.

Stylus 2°56 mm, longus, linearis ; stigma capitatum.

A twiner. Stem glabrous. Leaves petioled, 1°5-10 em. long,

lanceolate-ovate to lanceolate-linear, acuminate, acute, cuneate at the

base, veined beneath, glabrous, with serrated margins; petioles

‘7-15 em. long, glabrous. Flowers umbellate in the axils of the

leaves, rarely solitary. Peduncles 2-9 mm. long, pubescent or sub-

glabrous. Pedicels 3-6 mm. long, pubescent or subglabrous. Calyz-

tube 15 mm. long, campanulate ; lobes 2 mm. long, ovate, acuminate,

acute, subglabrous. Corolla-segyments 1 mm. long, linear, obtuse,

glabrous, the two upper broader than the others. Stamens cohering

at the base; filaments 4 mm. long, linear, expanded at the base,

pilose; anthers 2 mm. long, obiong, ciliate on the back. Style

2°5 mm. long, linear; stigma capitate.

Eastern ReEcion.—Natal; Ixopo and Umzimkulu, 4000 ft.,

February, Schlechter, 6630!; edge of wood at Umkomaas 4-5000 ft.,

April, Wood}.

15. *C. longiflora (Schlechter, Enel. Jahrb., xxvii, 194).

A twiner. Stems minutely and = scantily puberulous. Leaves

1-2-2°5 em. long, near, subacute, with recurved margins, pubescent

above, scantily pubescent below. Flowers arranged in a racemose

South African Material of the Genus Cyphia, Berg. 465

manner on the upper part of the stems, 1-5-5 mm. apart. Bracts

similar to the leaves, not exceeding the corolla; bracteoles 2°5 mm.

long, ovate, acuminate, acute. Pedicels 4-7 mm. long, terete, pubescent.

Calyx-tube 2°5 mm. long, 4 mm. broad, campanulate, subtomentose ;

lobes 4mm. long, 2 mm. broad at the base, ovate, acuminate, acute,

with recurved tips, pubescent. Corolla-tube 9 mm. long, 2 mm. in

diameter, ribbed, albo-pubescent ; lobes 3 mm. long, 15 mm. broad at

the base, ovate, acuminate, subobtuse, pappilose on the margins.

Stamens inserted at base of corolla-tube ; filaments 5-5 mm. long,

triangular-ovate, membranous, shortly pilose; anthers 2°5 mm. long,

linear in outline, pilose on back and tufted at the apex. Ovary reaching

to tip of calyx-lobes ; style 1 mm. long ; stigma clavate.

Western Recron.—Karree Bergen, 2000 ft., August, Schlechter,

8246 !.

16. *C. longilobata, Phillips, sp. nov.

Stirps juvenis tenuiter sparseque pubescens, demum glabra. Molva

ad 6 mm. longa, linearia, apice subacuta, super pubescentia, subtus

pubescentia vel pilosa, marginibus paullo recurvis. Bracteae foliis

similares, floris longiores. Pediculus 4-8 mm. longus, tenuis,

pubescens. Tubus caleyci 1-5 mm. longus, 3 mm. latus, campanulatus,

costatus, pubescens ; lobi 1-5 mm. longi, ovati, acuminati, apice acuti,

pubescentes. T’ubus corollae 6 mm. longus, 1-1-5 mm. latus, pubescens ;

lobi 15 em. longi, lineares, apice subobtusi, pubescentes. Filamenta

2 mm. longa, basi dilata; antherae 2:5 mm. longae, lineares, glabrae.

Stylus fere obsoletus ; stigma capitatum.

A twiner. Young stems finely and scantily pubescent, at length

becoming glabrous. Leaves up to 6 mm. long, linear, subacute, with

slightly recurved margins, pubescent above, pubescent or shortly pilose

below. Flowers arranged in a racemose manner up the stems,

25-3 mm. apart. Bracts similar to the leaves, exceeding the flowers ;

bracteoles 1-1-25 mm. long, subulate. Pedicels 4-8 mm. long, slender,

terete, pubescent. Calyz-tube 1-5 mm. long, 2 mm. broad, campanu-

late, ribbed, pubescent ; lobes 1:5 mm. long, ovate, acuminate, acute,

not recurved at the tip, pubescent. Corolla-tube 6 mm. long, 1-1-5 mm.

in diameter, pubescent ; lobes 1:5 em. long, linear, narrowed into a

claw in the lowermost third, subobtuse, pubescent. Stamens inserted

at the base of the corolla-tube; filaments 2 mm. long, terete, with

a flattened triangular base; anthers 2°5 mm. long, linear, glabrous.

Style almost obsolete ; stigma capitate.

SouTH-wWESTERN Reaion.—Oudtshoorn, April, Miss Taylor in Albany

Museum Herbarium !.

4.66 Annals of the South African Museum.

17. *C. Schlechteri (Phillips, sp. nov.).

Stirps glabra vel sparse pubescens. Folia 1:3-2°2 cm. longa,

2-3'5 mm. lata, linearia vel lineari-oblonga, super glabra, subtus glabra

vel pilosa, marginibus longo spatio crenatis, dentatis, vel subintegris.

Bracteae foliis similares, generaliter floris longiores. Pediculus

2°5 mm. longus, pilosus vel subtomentosus. T'ubus calyci 1 mm.

longus, 15 mm. latus, campanulatus, dense albo-pubescens; lobi

2 mm. longi, ‘5 mm. lati, subacuminati, apice acuti, generaliter glabri,

ciliati. Segmenta corollae 9 mm. longa, apice acuta, glabra. Filimenta

1 cm. longa, linearia, basi sensim dilata, pilosa; antherae 2°5 mm.

longae, ciliatae. Stylus 3 mm. longus, lnearis ; stigma capitatum.

A twiner. Stem glabrous or scantily pubescent. Leaves 1-3—-2°2 em.

long, 2-38°5 mm. broad, linear or hnear-oblong, distantly crenate,

toothed, or subentire, glabrous above, glabrous or shortly pilose

beneath. Flowers arranged in a racemose manner up the stems, 1-5-3

mm.apart. Bracts similar to the leaves, usually exceeding the flowers ;

bracteoles 1:5 mm. long, linear, acuminate. Pedicels 2°5 mm. long,

terete, pilose or subtomentose. Calyx-tube 1 mm. long, 1:5 mm. broad,

campanulate, densely albo-pubescent ; lobes 2 mm. long, *5 mm. broad

at the base, ovate, subacuminate, acute, usually glabrous or with a

few scattered hairs, with the margins shortly ciliated. Corolla split

into segments 9 mm. long, lanceolate above, narrowed into a linear

claw below, obtuse at the apex, glabrous. Stamens more than 4 as

long as the corolla ; filaments 1 cm. long, hnear, gradually widening

towards the base, pilose; anthers 2°5 mm. long, ciliate on the back

in the lower half. Style 3 mm. long, linear; stigma capitate.

Western Rearon.—-Among bushes between Spektakel and O’okiep

c. 3100 ft., September, Bolus, 9407 !.

SouTH-WESTERN Recion.—Clanwilliam Division: Windhoek, 500

ft., August, Schlechter, 8551!. Tulbagh Division: Near Porterville

Road, 400 ft., August, Schlechter, 10723 !.

18. C. triphylla (Phillips, in Ann. 8. Afr. Mus., xvi, 1.).

A twiner. Stems terete, glabrous. Leaves shortly petioled, divided

into 3, rarely more, segments to the base; segments °5—5 cm. long,

‘5-1 mm. broad, linear, obtuse, entire or more rarely remotely toothed,

glabrous. Petioles 1-6 mm. long, glabrous. Inflorescence racemose,

distinctly marked off from the leafy stem, many-flowered. Flowers

usually horizontal or subpendulous. Bracts 3-5°5 mm. long, linear

or linear-ovate, acute, sometimes 2-toothed at the base, otherwise

entire, glabrous; bracteoles 5 mm. long, subulate. Pedicels 2-5-3 mm.

South African Material of the Genus Cyphia, Berg. 467

long, slender, terete, glabrous ; lobes 1-1'25 mm. long, ovate, acute,

glabrous. Corolla-seyments 7-8 cm. long, lanceolate above, becoming

linear in the lower half, obtuse or subacute, glabrous. Stamens more

than half as long as the corolla; filaments free, 3-4 mm. long, linear,

slightly broadened at the base, and very finely ciliated on the broadened

portion ; anthers 1°55 mm. long, linear. Style 2°5-3 mm. long, com-

pressed, glabrous ; stigma capitate.

SouTH-WESTERN Receton.—Port Elizabeth Division: Redhouse,

May, Patterson, 466!.

CenTRAL Reaton.—Murraysburg Division: Mountain slopes at

Coetzier’s Kraal, 4500 ft., March, Tyson, 236!. Somerset East Divi-

sion: Stony places on the banks of the Klijn Visch River, MacOwan,

2790!. Graaff Reinet Division: Cave Mountain near Graaff Reinet,

4500 ft., March, Bolus, 13!. Queenstown Division: Near Queenstown,

3000 ft., February, Flanagan, 2879 !.

Eastern Movuntarn Reeion.—Albert Division: Burghersdorp,

February, Pocock, 127!. Aliwal North Division: Dry stony mountain

sides, c. 4600 ft., April-May, Eland’s Hoek, near Aliwal North,

Bolus, 10,489!. Basutoland: Leribe, ec. 6000 ft., January, Dieterlen,

945 !.

A plant 1-2 ft. high; flowers ight purple ; a creeper (fide F. Bolus) ;

flowers pink ( fide Madame Dieterlen).

19. C. digitata (Willd., Sp. PL, I, 953).

A twiner. Stems glabrous, minutely puberulous, pubescent, or

more rarely shortly and softly pilose. Leaves subsessile or shortly

petioled, digitately lobed almost to the base; segments ‘3-55 cm.

long, 1-4 mm. broad, linear, obtuse, glabrous. Petiole sometimes up

to 7 mm. long, glabrous. Inflorescence racemose, not distinctly marked

off from the leafy stem, many-flowered ; flowers usually erect, but

frequently horizontal. Bracts 8-15 cm. long, 3—5-lobed, glabrous ;

lobes linear, acute or obtuse, glabrous; bracteoles close beneath the

calyx, 1-15 mm. long, ovate, acuminate, acute, glabrous. Calyz-tube

15 mm. long, campanulate, glabrous; lobes 2-3 mm. long, ovate,

acute, glabrous. Corolla-tube 5-75 mm. long, glabrous ; lobes 3-5 mm.

long, ovate, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, obtuse or subacute.

Stamens more than 3 as long as the corolla, very rarely less; fila-

ments 3°5-5 mm. long, united at the base, linear, gradually broadened

below, pilose; anthers 2°5 mm. long, oblong or linear in outline,

ciliate on the back. Style 25-4 mm. long, terete or subterete,

glabrous ; stigma capitate.

468 Annals of the South African Museum.

Roem. and Schult., Syst., v, 475; Presl., in Eckl. and Zeyh., Hnum.,

391, with var.; in E. Mey., Comm. Pl., Drege, 296; A.DC., in DC.,

Prodr. VII, wi, 500; Sond., in Harv. and Sond., Fl. Cap., wi, 603 ;

C. angustifolia, Presl., in Eckl. and Zeyh., Enum., 389 ; C. dentariaefolia,

Presl., in E. Mey., Comm. Pl., Drege, 295; Sond., in Harv. and Sond.,

Fl. Cap., iti, 603; C. angustifolia, A.DC., in DC., Prodr. VII, vi, 500 ;

C. polydactyla, Presl., in E. Mey., Comm. Pl., Drege, 296 ; C. tomentosa,

Presl., 1. c., 295 ; Lobelia digitata, Thunb., Fl. Cap., 475.

SouTH-WESTERN RecGion.—Clanwilliam Division: Near Brack-

fontein, Ecklon and Zeyher, 2439!; among bushes at Pakhuis, October,

MacOwan, 3296!; Koudeberg Mountains, near Wupperthal, 2400 ft.,

October, Bolus, 9055!. Malmesbury Division: Malmesbury, 200 ft.,

September, Schlechter, 5347!; near Hopefield, c. 100 ft., September,

Bolus, 12,765!; Groene Kloof, 300 ft., October, Bolus, 4506!. Tul-

bagh Division: Steendal, October, Pappe!. Worcester Division :

Hex River Valley, 2000 ft., October, Tyson, 634!. Paarl Division :

French Hoek, 1650 ft., October, Phillips, 1202!. Cape Division:

near Constantia, Ecklon and Zeyher, 1048!; Rondebosch and Klassen-

bosch, July-August, Ecklon and Zeyher, 2439!; slopes of Lion’s

Head, 2500 ft., August, Bolus !, c. 390 ft., August, Schlechter, 1537! ;

above Groot Schuur, September, Wolley-Dod, 194! ; slopes of Devil’s

Peak, 400 ft., September, Bolus, 3796!. Stellenbosch Division :

Stellenbosch, Pappe!. Swellendam Division: River Zonder Einde,

Zeyher, 3091 !, 5095 !.

CentRAL Ruaron.—Laingsburg Division: Zwartbergen, Seven

Weeks Poort, 4—5000 ft., September, Phillips, 14781.

Flowers white with a bluish tinge; limb of the three anterior

petals with a red mark at the base.

Bolus, 9055, is a form with exceptionally large bracts. In Zeyher,

3095, and Phillips, 1478, the stamens are less than half as long as

the corolla.

20. C. zeyheriana (Presl., in E. and Z. Enum, 392).

A twiner. Stems glabrous. Leaves 1:4-3°6 cm. long, simple or

digitately tri-partite, the lobes -5-1°5 mm. broad, linear, subobtuse,

glabrous. Inflorescence arranged in a racemose manner up the stem.

Pedicels 3-6 mm. long, terete, glabrous. Bracts similar to the leaves.

Calyx-tube about °5 mm. long, glabrous; lobes 1 mm. long, ovate,

acute or subacute, glabrous. Corolla not bi-labiate ; tube -8-1:1 em.

long, cylindric, glabrous ; lobes 4-8 mm. long, elliptic-lanceolate, sub-

obtuse, glabrous. Stamens less than 4 as long as the corolla; fila-

ments about 3 mm. long, linear, broadened and pubescent at the base ;

South African Material of the Genus Cyphia, Berg. 469

anthers 2 mm. long, linear, glabrous. Style 2°5 mm. long, linear,

narrowing above; stigma oblique, pubescent. Sond., in Harv. and

Sond., Fl. Cap., iii, 604, with var. C. Eckloniana, Presl., in E. and Z.

Enum., 392.

SourH-weEsTERN Recion.—Van Rhynsdorp Division: Stony places

near the Oliphant’s River, 500 ft., August ; Schlechter, 4993 (or 2 ?)!.

Clanwilliam Division: Brackfontein, H. and Z., 2442. Swellendam

Division: River Sonder Einde, September, Ecklon and Zeyher, 2441 !.

CrentTRAL Reaion.—Ceres Division: Koude Bockveld, 4000 ft.,

September, Schlechter, 8862!.

21. C. volubilis (Willd., Sp., Pl. I, 952).

A twiner. Stem sometimes ridged, glabrous, more rarely scantily

pubescent. Leaves entire, rarely divided, -8—5°5 cm. lony, °75-2 mm.

broad, very rarely 4 mm. broad, linear, or if segmented then the.

segments linear, entire or rarely remotely toothed, obtuse, glabrous.

Inflorescence arranged in a racemose manner up the stem. Pedicels

‘4 cm. long, terete, glabrous. Bracts ‘5-1-2 em. long, linear-lanceo-

late, obtuse, distinctly 2-toothed at the base or 3—5-lobed ; the lobes

linear, obtuse; bracteoles 1-1°5 mm. long, ovate, obtuse or acute,

glabrous. Calyx-tube 15-2 mm. long, campanulate or turbinate,

ribbed, glabrous ; lobes 2-5-4 mm. long, ovate, subacuminate, acute,

glabrous. Corolla-tube 8-1:1 mm. long, glabrous; lobes °6—1:1 em.

long, linear or lanceolate, obtuse, glabrous. Stamens less than 4 as

long as the corolla; filaments 2-4 mm. long, linear, flattened below,

pilose; anthers 1-2 mm. long, linear or linear-oblong, ciliate on the

back. Style 1-5-4 cm. long, compressed, glabrous ; stigma pilose.

Roem. and Schult., Syst., v, 475; A.DC., in DC. Prodr., VII, ii,

500; Sond., in Harv. and Sond., Fl. Cap., iii, 604; C. latipetala,

Presl., l.c., 391; C. longipetala, Presl., 1. ¢.; C. stenopetala, Diels, in

Engl. Jahrb., «avi, 112; Cyphopsis volubilis, O.K., Rev. Gen., iii, 186 ;

Lobelia volubilis, Linn., Suppl., 396; Thunb., Fl. Cap., 179.

SourH-WESTERN KReeron.—Van Rhynsdorp Division: Oliphant’s

River Bergen, 2000 ft., August, Schlechter, 5093!; Oliphant’s River,

500 ft., August, Schlechter, 8476!; Gift Berg, 1-2000 ft., September,

Phillips, in Percy Sladen Memorial Expedition, 7480!. Clanwilliam

Division: Koude Berg, near Wupperthal, 2400 ft., October, Bolus,

9055 !. Piquetberg Division: Piquetberg, 900 ft., Schlechter, 5259!.

Tulbagh Division: Tulbagh, MacOwan!; Ceres Road, Kluitjes Kraal,

Tyson, in Herb. Musei Austro-Afric.,6041!. Cape Division: Slopes of

Table Mountain, 1500 ft., August, Schlechter, 1307!; Devil’s Peak,

5-700 ft., August-September, T'yson, 2348 !, Bolus, 3797! ; near Ronde-

4.70) Annals of the South African Museum.

bosch, Zeyher! ? Lion’s Head, 200 ft., August, Schlechter, 1336! ;

foot of Table Mountain, September, MacOwan, 2344!; slopes above

Orange Kloof, Table Mountain, 1500 ft., Schlechter, 1307!; slopes over

Klassenbosch, Wolley-Dod, 2939!; above Groot Schuur, September,

Wolley-Dod, 193!; Wynberg Hill, 400 ft., October, Bolus, 7261!.

Stellenbosch Division: Palmietrivier, Ecklon and Zeyher, 2440! ;

mountain slopes near Sir Lowry’s Pass Railway Station, c. 400 ft.,

Aueust, Bolus, 7482!. Caledon Division: Babyloon Toorn and

Hemel en Aarde, Zeyher, 3094!; Zwartberg, 3000 ft., October,

Schlechter, 5584!. Swellendam Division: River Zonder Einder,

August-September, Zeyher, 3092!, 3093!. Riversdale Division:

Garcia's Pass, September, Phillips, 385!. Bredasdorp Division :

Near Elim, 300 ft., October, Bolus, 6921!. Robertson Division:

Outeniqua Mountains, Hops, 12!.

Flowers blue (Phillips). Flowers mauve (Hops).

Schlechter, No. 4993 from the Oliphant’s River is a form with broad

(5-7 mm.) leaves which are palmately 5-lobed.

22. C. Tysoni (Phillips, sp. nov.).

Stirps glabra. Folia 1-7 mm. longa, ‘5—-1'5 mm. lata, apice obtusa,

glabra. Inflorescentia racemosa. Pediculus 15-4 mm. longus, glaber.

Bracteae 3-7 mm. longae, lineares, interdum mucronatae basique

2-3-dentatae. Tubus calyci 1-1°5 mm. longus, turbinatus vel campanu-

latus, costatus, glaber ; lobi 15—2°5 mm. longi, ovato-lineares, apice

acuti vel subacuti, 2—4-dentati. Segmenta corollae 1:5-1°6 em. longa,

linearia, apice obtusa, glabra. Filamenta 3-4 mm. longa, linearia, basi

dilata, pilosa; antherae 2 mm. longae, lineares, ciliatae. Stylus

1-5-4 mm. longus, compressus, glaber ; stigma capitatum, pilosum.

A twiner. Stems glabrous. Leaves 1-7 mm. long, ‘5-15 mm.

broad, linear, obtuse, glabrous. Inflorescence racemose at the end

of the stem. Pedicels 15-4 mm. long, terete, glabrous. Bracts

3-7 mm. long, linear, sometimes mucronate and 2-3-toothed at the

base; bracteoles 1°5 long, linear, ovate-linear or ovate, acute, 1-3-

toothed, glabrous. Calyx-tube 1-15 mm. long, turbinate or cam-

panulate, ribbed, glabrous; lobes 1:5-2°5 mm _ long, ovate-linear,

acute or subacute, 2-4-toothed. Corolla-segments 1:5-1‘6 ecm long,

linear, obtuse, glabrous. Stamens less than } as long as the

corolla ; filaments 3-4 mm. long, linear, broadened at the base, pilose;

anthers 2 mm, long, linear, ciliate on the back and tufted. Style

1-5-4 mm. long, compressed, glabrous ; stigma capitate, pilose.

KALAHARI Recion.—Barberton District: Saddleback Mountain

4500 ft., March, Galpin, 13828 !.

South African Material of the Genus Cyphia, Berg. 47]

Eastern Recion.—Tembuland : Cala, 4000 ft., Pegler, 1687!. East

Griqualand: Grassy places round Kokstad, 5000 ft., March, Tyson,

1337 !.

Root bulbous ; flowers lilac ( fide Miss A. Pegler).

23. C. crenata (Sond., in Fl. Cap., ITI, 602).

A twiner. Stem glabrous. Leaves subsessile, 2-45 em. long

15-4 mm. broad, linear, subacute, entire or with the margins minutely

and remotely serrated, narrowed at the base, glabrous. Flowers

usually in clusters of 2-5, sometimes solitary. Bracts 3 mm. long,

linear, subacute, glabrous; bracteoles 1 mm. long, subulate. Pedicels

2-5 mm. long, terete, glabrous. Calyx-tube almost obsolete, up to

5 mm. long, flat, glabrous ; lobes 2-3°5 mm. long, linear or linear-

lanceolate, obtuse, glabrous. Corolla-tube 5-5 5 long, glabrous ; lobes

2 mm. long, linear or ovate, acuminate, obtuse or subacute. Stamens

more than 3 as long as the corolla; filaments 3°5 mm. long, linear,

dilated and ovate at the base, pilose; anthers 1-5-2 mm. long, oblong

or elliptic, ciliated on the back. Style 2-3 mm. long, terete, glabrous;

stigma capitate.

C. atriplicifolia, Presl., in Eckl. and Zeyh , Enum., 389 ; C. dregeana,

Presl., in EH. Mey., Comm. Pl., Drége, 294; C. tortilis, N. HE. Br., in

Kew Bull., 1894, 356; C. tenera, Diels, in Engl. Jahrb., vavi, 112;

Lobelia crenata, Thunb., Fl. Cap., 180?

WestERN Reaion.—Namaqualand Minor, Klipfontein, 3000 ft.,

September, Bolus in Herb. Norm. Austro-Afric., 1193 !.

SouTH-WESTERN ReEcrion.—Clanwilliam Division: Clanwilliam,

Leipoldt in Herb. Bolus!. Cape Division: Simonstown, Ecklon and

Zeyher, 2428 !.

C. crenata, Presl., based on Drége’s specimen, is an eastern plant,

and is therefore more likely to be C. sylvatica, as suggested by

Sonder.

24. C. undulata (Eckl., in 8. Afr. Quart. Journ., 1830, 373).

A more or less erect plant. Stem glabrous. Leaves *7—-10°5 em.

long, 1-7 mm. broad, linear, obtuse, with subentire or toothed margins,

glabrous. Inflorescence distinct from the leafy stem. Bracts 3-4:5 mm.

long, linear, acute or obtuse, 2-toothed at the base, glabrous ; brac-

teoles 1 mm. long, subulate, lanceolate or ovate, acute, glabrous.

Calyz-tube 1-1'5 mm. long, campanulate, glabrous or minutely scabrid-

ulous; lobes 1-5-2 mm. long, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, subacuminate

acute or obtuse, glabrous. Corolla-segments 1-1-3 cm. long, linear

472 Annals of the South African Museum.

shortly acuminate, obtuse, glabrous, sometimes ciliated on the lower

portion. Stamens more than 3} as long as the corolla; filaments

4—5 mm. long, linear above, ovate below, pilose; anthers 2-2°5 mm.

long, elliptic, ciliate on the back. Style 2-5 mm. long, subterete,

glabrous ; stigma globose, pilose.

Sond., in Harv. and Sond., Fl. Cap., wi, 603; A.DC., in DC.,

Prodr. VIT, vi, 501; C. angustifolia, Presl., in Eckl. and Zeyh., Enum.,

390; C. anomala, Presl., l. ¢.

SouTH-WESTERN ReEG1on.—Uitenhage Division : Between Coega and

Sundays River, Ecklon and Zeyher, 2454!; Eland’s River, May—June,

Zeyher, 937!, 3087!; Groot River, May, Ecklon and Zeyher, 2436 }.

Albany Division: Oatlands Park, Grahamstown, April, Daly and

Sole, 144'!.

CenTRAL ReEGron.—Somerset East Division: Grassy plains near

Somerset East, c. 2500 ft., MacOwan, 1814!.

I doubt whether this is specifically distinct from C. sylvatica, Eckl.

The only difference appears to be one of habit —C. wndulata being a

more or less erect plant, while C. sylvatica is a very evident twiner.

25. C. sylvatica (Eckl., in 8. Afric. Quart. Journ., 1830, 373).

A twiner. Stem glabrous. Leaves usually shortly petioled, 1-8 em.

long, -1-1°6 cm. broad, linear, linear-lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate or

lanceolate, acute or obtuse, entire, toothed or crenate on the margins,

rarely distinctly 2-lobed at the base, glabrous. Inflorescence arranged

in a racemose manner up the stem. Bracts sometimes subulate and

shorter than the pedicels, sometimes similar to the leaves and longer

than the corolla. Pedicels up to 1 cm. long, terete, glabrous. Calya-

tube 2 mm. long, campanulate, ribbed, glabrous ; lobes 15 mm. long,

ovate, subacute, unicostate, glabrous. Corolla-tube 8 mm. long,

glabrous; lobes 3 mm. long, oblong-linear or lanceolate, subacute.

Stamens more than 4 as long as the corolla; filaments 6:5 mm. long,

subterete above, lanceolate in the lower half, elabrous or pilose ;

anthers 2°5 mm. long, oblong-linear, ciliate on the back. Style 3 mm.

long, linear, glabrous ; stigma globose, pilose.

A.DC., in DC., Prodr. VII, ii, 501; Sond., in Harv. and Sond., Fl.

Cap., wi, 602; C. salicifolia, Presl., in Eckl. and Zeyh., Enum., 390;

C. crenata, Presl., Prodr. Monog. Lobe!., 51?

SOUTH-WESTERN Recrion.—Clanwilliam Division: Brackfontein,

Ecklon and Zeyher, 2432!. George Division : 600 ft., March, Schlechter,

2594!. Oudtshoorn Division: Foot of mountains 20 miles from

Oudtshoorn, August, Britten, 82!; Oudtshoorn, Rogers, 4645!. Uiten-

South African Material of the Genus Cyphia, Berg. 473

hage Division: Zwartkops River, May-June, Ecklon and Zeyher,

2427 !, Zeyher, 3090!; Zuurberg, March, Holland, 32!. Port Eliza-

beth Division: Bolus, 2675!; Shoenmaaker’s Kop, Port Elizabeth,

Patterson, 566!. Albany Division: Grahamstown, March, Schinland,

297!; Kowie, White in Herb. Albany Mus.!; Alicedale, Rogers, 46!.

CENTRAL Recion.—Graaff Reinet Division: Mountain side east of

Graatt Reinet, May, Bolus, 59!. Cradock Division: Near Cradock,

2700 ft., May, Bolus!. Somerset Hast Division: Near Somerset

East, MacOwan !.

EasterN Reaion.—Komgha Division: Among shrubs near

Komgha, 1200 ft., March, Flanagan, 455!. Natal, Botsabelo, 4900

ft., December, Schlechter, 4084!. Pietermaritzburg, November, Sim,

4.076 !.

angustifolia .

anomala

assimilis

var. latifolia

atriplicifolia

Bolusii

bulbosa

var. pinnatifida

var. orientalis

bu/bosa (Lobelia)

campestris

Cardamines .

cardamines (Lobelia) .

cinarivoides .

corylifolia

crenata

crenata (Lobelia)

dentariaefolia

digitata ;

digitata (Lobelia)

dregeana

Eckloniana . ;

elata (Cyphopsis)

elata .

var. oblongifolia .

Gerrardi

heterophylla

incisa .

var. Car damines :

var. bracteata

incisa (Lobelia) .

latipetala

linarioides

longiflora

(474 )

INDEX.

PAGE

468, 472 longifolia

472 var. Baurii

460 | longilobata .

461 longipetala .

471 |

maculosa

459

455 N

455 | natalensis

456 |

455 | O

oblongifolia .

458 ohgotricha .

454

455 ae i

458 | persicifolia

463 | Phyteuma

. 471 | phyteuma (Lobelia)

471, 472 polydactyla .

val

salicifolia

468 Schlechteri .

467 serrata

468 stenopetala .

471 sylvatica

469

456 ie .

a hene, enuifolia

456, on tomentosa

; tortilis .

transvaalensis

_. ,- | triphylla ‘

456, 457 | tuberosum (Rapuntium)

Tysonii : :

461 U

undulata

454 W

454 | volubilis

455 | volubilis (Cyphopsis) .

454. | volubilis (Lobelia)

469 Wilmsiana .

458 2

461 | Z

464 | zeyheriana .

469

4.69

469

456

468.

( 475 )

18.—The Genus Calpurnia, HE. Mey. (Lequminosae).—By E. P.

Puiires, M.A., D.Se., F.L.S., Assistant.

CALPURNIA EF. Mey.

Calyx campanulate, 5-dentate, the two upper lobes smaller and

partly connate. Vewillwm clawed ; claw deeply channelled; limb

bilobed at the apex and reflexed ; alae clawed, oblong, obtuse ; carina

clawed, usually plano-convex in outline, obtuse. Stamens 10; fila-

ments free or connate at the base, glabrous, or rarely pubescent ;

anthers small, oblong. Ovary stalked, glabrous, villous, or ciliate

on the sutures, several ovuled; style arcuate ; stigma small, capitate.

Legume stalked, usually broadly linear, sometimes with a narrow

wing on the ventral suture, tipped with the remains of the style.

Shrubs or small trees with yellow flowers, and glabrous or pubescent

or more rarely villous branches. Leaves pinnately compound with

3-many pairs of leaflets; leaflets usually pubescent, more rarely

softly tomentose, obtuse or retuse at the apex, frequently mucronate.

Inflorescence racemose, axillary or terminal, frequently arranged in a

paniculate manner, few to many-flowered, longer or shorter than the

leaves.

A small genus of 7 known species which are mainly found in the

eastern parts of South Africa. Three of the species have a wide

range of distribution, while the remaining 4 are all local. C. sylvatica,

for instance, extends from Somerset East to Colenso in Natal ;

C. intrusa from Komgha, through Pondoland, East Griqualand, and

Natal into Basutoland, and as far north as Harrismith in the Orange

Free State; C. lasiogyne has not been recorded further south than

Natal, but is again found at Barbeton in the Transvaal and extends

into Tropical Africa. C. floribunda has only been recorded from the

Albany Division, C. robinioides from Basutoland, and C. Woodii from

Natal. An incomplete specimen which appears to be a species of

Calpurnia has been collected by Dr. J. Muir in the Riversdale Divi-

sion, in which case the area of distribution would be extended west-

wards along the southern coastal belt.

Tam much indebted to Mr. N. E. Brown, A.L.S., who kindly sent

me a list of the material in the Kew Herbarium.

4.76 Annals of the South African Museum.

Key to Species.

Flowers 1°3-2 em. long when dried.

Ovary glabrous : : : ; : : : . 1. sylvatica.

Ovary adpressed-pubescent : 2. lasiogyne

Flowers less than 1 em. long when dried.

Young branches and petioles softly tomentose.

Leaflets glabrous above; racemes rather laxly 6-12-

flowered 5 ; : : : : . : . 3. villosa.

Leaflets pubescent on both sides; racemes densely many-

flowered : ; : : - 4. Woodii.

Young branches and petioles glabrous or minutely ad-

pressed-pubescent.

Leaves with 3 (rarely 4) pairs of leaflets; racemes less

than 12-flowered . ; j 2 ; : ; . 5. robinioides,

Leaves with many (rarely 5 or 6) pairs of leaflets ; racemes

many-flowered.

Leaflets minutely apiculate; racemes in a leafless

panicle; flowers 8-9 mm.; long, drying pale

yellowish-white ; : : : . 6. flloribunda.

Leaflets distinctly mucronate; racemes in leaf-axils ;

flowers 6 mm. long, drying dark brownish. . 7. intrusa.

1. C. sylvatica (E. Mey., Comm., p. 2).

Branches terete, glabrous, sometimes minutely pubescent. Leaves

7-175 cm. long, 4-8-jugate ; leaflets ‘9-4°7 cm. long, ‘6-24 em. broad,

obovate, oblong, elliptic-oblong or elliptic, rounded or retuse at the

apex, rounded or slightly narrowed at the base, glabrous or scantily

puberulous above and beneath, shortly stalked on petioles 2-4 mm.

long, the petiole of the terminal leaflet ‘7-1-1 em. long. Inflorescence

racemose, axillary, as long as or shorter than the leaves, rarely

exceeding the leaves. Rachis glabrous or minutely puberulous. Bracts

‘5 mm. long, ovate, concave. Pedicels ‘8-13 cm. long, glabrous or

minutely puberulous, articulated just below the calyx. Flower-buds

7-9 mm. long, ellipsoid, obtuse; mature flowers 1°6-1:8 em. long.

Calyx-tube 5-6 mm. long, campanulate, conical at the base, glabrous

or scantily puberulous ; lobes 3 mm. long, 3 mm. broad, triangular-

ovate, the two posterior lobes smaller, ciliated. Veaillum 1:5 em.

long, 8 mm. broad above, obovate, reflexed, glabrous ; alae 1:7 cm.

long, 6 mm. broad, oblong, rounded at the apex, with a linear claw

5 mun. long; carima 15 mm. long, 5°5 mm. broad at the widest part,

plano-convex in outline, rounded at the apex, with a linear claw 6 mm.

long. Filaments 1°6 cin. long, linear, broadening to the base ; anthers

oblong. Ovary stalked, 1°3 em. long, 1-5 mm, broad, linear, 11-ovuled,

The Genus Calpurnia, E. Mey. (Leguminosae). 477

glabrous ; style 55 mm. long, bent at right angles to the ovary ;

stigma minute, capitate. Fruits 8 cm. long, 1:2-1'4 em. broad, linear,

acutely mucronate at the apex, glabrous.

Harv. and Sond., Fl. Cap., ti, 267; Sim., For. and For. Fl. Cape.,

204, t. 54, fig. 2; Virgilia sylvativa, DC., Prodr. II, 98°; Sophora

sylvatica, Burch., Trans., ti, 146.

Sourn AFrica.—Without locality, Mund and Maire*!, Bowie.

SouTH-wESTERN REcion.—Somerset East Division: near Somerset

East, 2300 ft., March, in open bush, Bolus, 346!. Uitenhage Division :

Oliphant’s Hoek and Adow, May-June, a small forest tree, Zeyher,

2234! October-December, Zeyher, 1142! ; Addow, Zeyher*!; Enon,

Drége*!; Eland’s Rivet, December, Patterson, 944!. Albany Divi-

sion: Port Alfred, May, Rogers!, 120 ft., May, Schlechter, 2741 !, in

woods round Grahamstown, MacOwan, 702!, near Grahamstown,

Atherstone*!. Victoria East Division : Cooper, lh Beane

SoUTH-EASTERN Recion.—Stockenstroom Division: Shady places

at Kat River, November, Zeyher, 1142!; Katberg, Shaw*'!. King

Wilkam’s Town Division: In woods on Mount Coke, 1200 ft., May,

Tyson, 3062!; British Kaffraria, Cooper, 311*!; East London, April,

Wormald, 55!. Komgha Division: A small tree in woods near

Komgha, 2000 ft., January, Flanagan, 127}, Schlechter, 6158 !.

Transkei: A shrub about 10 ft. high in woods near Kentani, 1200 ib.

February, Pegler, 155!. Tembuland : Near Xalanga, 4700 ft.,

January, Bolus, 8897 !. Natal: Colenso, Rehmann, 7145!; near Durban,

May, Collector ¢ !.

CrentraL Rearon.—Somerset Division : Bosch. Berg, Burchell,

3138* !, 3233* !.

2. C. lasiogyne (E. Mey., Comm., p. 3).

A tree 20 ft. high (ew Galpin). Branches pubescent. Leaves 8-17

em. long, pinnate, 4-8-jugate ; leaflets opposite or alternate, shortly

petiolate, 1-3'8 cm. long, 35-47 cm. broad, oblong, sometimes obleng-

linear, rarely oblong-ovate, obtuse, rounded or slightly retuse at the

apex, pubescent above and beneath. Inflorescence &-15°5 em. long,

about 10-15-flowered. Pedicels 12-15 cm. long, pubescent. Calyz-

tube 6 mm. long, campanulate, pubescent ; lobes 3°5 mm. long, tri-

angular-ovate, obtuse, pubescent within and without. Veaillum 21

em. long, the limb bent at right angles to the claw; limb 9 mm.

broad, oblong, deeply retuse at the apex; claw channelled; alae

* The specimens marked with an asterisk are in the Kew Herbarium, a list

of which was kindly sent me by Mr. N. E. Brown.

478 Annals of the South African Museum.

21 cm. long; limb 15 em. long, 6 mm. broad, oblong ; claw 6 mm.

long, linear ; carina 1-6 cm. long, 4 mm. broad, almost plano-convex

in outline, obtuse; claw 7 mm. long, linear. Filaments 1:5 em. long,

dilated at the base; anthers 1 mm. long, oblong. Ovary stalked ;

stalk 5 mm. long, pubescent ; ovary 7mm. long, linear in outline,

arcuate, shortly pilose; style 6 mm. long, semiterete ; stigma small.

Fruit 5-6 em. long, ‘8-1 em. broad, linear, tipped with the remains

of the style, 4-6-seeded.

Harv. and Sond., Fl. Cap., ii, 267; CO aurea, Bkr.. in Fl. Trop.

Afr., 11, 252; Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv (1896), Append. II, 222, Virgilia

aurea, Lam., iii, t. 326; DC., Prodr. II. 98: A. Rich., FU. Abyss, vs

234: Podalyria aurea, Willd., Sp. Pl., vi, 502; Robinia subdecandra,

L’ Her. Stirpes, t. 75.

SOUTH-EASTERN Recton.—Pondoland: Between Umtata River and

St. John’s River, Drége*!. Natal: Among bushes near Durban, 100~—

LS Ontte September, Wood, 102 !, 6125 !, Crauss, 325 !, Drege, Gueinzins ;

Umzinnyati Valley. Wood, 1344* !, without precise locality, Gerrard

135* |,

TRANSVAAL.—Rimer’s Creek, Barberton, 4500-4800 ft., December,

Galpin, 1214!; Zoutpansberg, Potatobosch, 4750 ft., January, Burtt-

Davy, 1208!; between Delagoa Bay and Pretoria, August-September,

Bolus, 7753!; Shilovane, Junod, 580* !.

3. C. villosa (Harv., in Harv. andS ymnd., FI. Cap., II. 268).

Young branches softly tomentose, becoming glabrous with age.

Leaves 2-5'5 cm. long, 3-6-jugate ; petiole softly tomentose ; leaflets

7-15 mm. long, 4-7 mm. broad, elliptic-oblong, rounded at both ends,

apiculate or minutely mucronate, glabrous above, adpressed silky

beneath. Racemes 3-5°5 cm. long, softly tomentose, 6-12-flowered.

Pedicels 4-5 mm. long. Calyx of fully expanded flowers (not of

buds) intruse at base, softly pubescent outside; tube and lobes each

about 25-3 mm. long. Corolla glabrous ; vexillum 1:1—-1-2 em. long,

abruptly recurved at the 4 mm. long claw, with the obovate limb

about 5 mm. broad; alae as long as the keel ; claw 4 mm. long ; limb

8 mm. long, faleate-lanceolate, auricled at the base, obtuse; carina

about 1-1 em. long, obtuse. Stamens and ovary not seen.

SoutH Arrica.—Without locality, Mund and Maire.

4. C. Woodii (Schinz, in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv (1896), 426).

Branches whitish tomentose. Leaves 8-10 cm. long, 8-10-jugate ;

leaflets 13-2°5 cm. long, *7-1:2 cm. broad, oblong, rounded at the

The Genus Calpurnia, FE. Mey. (Leguminosae). 479

base, apex rounded and shortly mucronate, densely pilose above and

beneath, with the mid-rib distinct beneath, obscure above. Inflor-

escence racemose, a little shorter than the leaves. Peduncle pilose.

Pedicels 6 mm. long, pilose. Calyx-tube 3 mm. long, pilose ; lobes 2

mm. long, ovate, subacute, pilose. Vewallum 9 mm. long, 5-5 mm. broad,

suborbicular, bilobed at the apex, with a linear channelled claw

4mm. long; alae 1 cm. long, 3 mm. broad, obleng, rounded at the

apex, with a linear claw 3 mm. long; carina 8°5 mm. long, 3°5 mm.

broad, plano-convex in outline, with a linear claw 4 mm. long.

Filaments 8 wm. long, linear; anthers 5 mm. long, oblong. Ovary

shortly stalked, 5 mm. long, linear, densely villous ; style 3 min. long,

slightly curved ; stigma small, capitate.

SourTH-EASTERN Rearon.—Natal: Weenen County, South Downs,

5000 ft., December, Wood, 4377!; slopes of the Drakensbergen,

4300 ft.. Wood, 3516* !.

5. C. robinioides (HE. Mey., Comm., p. 2).

Branches glabrous. Leaves 5-10 cm. long, 3-4-jugate; leaflets

1:2-2:7 em. long, ‘6-16 em. broad, oblong, obovate, rounded and

mucronate at the apex, sometimes retuse, slightly narrowed at the

base, minutely pubescent, becoming almost glabrous with age, mid-

rib prominent beneath, sunken above. Inflorescence axillary, 5-8 cm.

long, shorter than the leaves. Pedwncle minutely pubescent or almost

glabrous. Pedicel 3:5 mm. long, articulating just below the calyx,

terete, minutely pubescent. Calyz-tube 3 mm. long, campanulate,

pubescent ; lobes 1:5 mm. long, 2 mm. broad, triangular-ovate, the

anterior lobe smaller, pubescent within and without. Veaillwm 9 mm.

long, 5 mm. broad, obovate, bifid at the apex, with a short claw 2 mm.

long, channelled down the inner face and ciliate on the margins; alae

1-1 em. long, 4 mm. broad, oblong, with a linear claw 2°5 mm. long ;

carina 1 cm. long, 45 mm. broad, almost plano-convex in outline,

with a linear claw 2°5 mm. long. Filaments 8 mm. long, pubescent in

the lowermost third ; anthers ‘75 mm. long, oblong. Ovary stalked,

8 mm. long, with ciliated sutures; style 3 mm. long, arcuate ; stigma

small, capitate. Fruits 2°5-8 cm. long, 8 mm. broad, linear-oblong,

reticulately veined, glabrous.

C. sericea, Harv., Fl. Cap., ti, 267.

Eastern Mountain Reaion.—Basutoland, von Schlicht, 82 ; Leribe,

5-6000 ft., A. Dieterlen, 584!. Aliwal North Division: On a rocky

hill by the Kraai River, Drége* !.

480) Annals of the South African Museuin.

6. C. floribunda (Harv., Fl. Cap., II, 267).

Branches ribbed and pubescent. Leaves 6-13 cin. long, 5-9-jugate;

leaflets *8-2°6 cm. long, *5-1:2 cm. broad, oblong, rounded and retuse

at the apex, slightly narrowed at the base, glabrous or with a very

scanty and minute pubescence on one or both sides. Inflorescence

4-5-7 em. long, racemose, densely massed in a paniculate manner at

the ends of the branches, leafless. Pedwncle pubescent. Pedicels

5 mm. long, terete, pubescent, articulating just below the calyx.

Calyz-tube 3 mm, long, campanulate, pubescent; lobes 1 mm. long,

ovate, pubescent without. Veallwm 1 cm. long, 4 mm. broad, oblong,

retuse at the apex, with a channelled linear claw 3 mm. long, alae

1:1 cm. long, 3 mm. broad, oblong, rounded at the apex, with a linear

claw 4 mm. long; carina 9 mm. long, 3 mm. broad, almost plano-

convex in outline, rounded at the apex, with a linear claw 3°5 mm.

long. Filaments 8-8°5 mm. long, linear; anthers ‘75 mm. long,

oblong. Ovary stalked, 7 mm. long, 1 mm. broad, linear, villous ;

style 2°5 mm. long, arcuate ; stigma small, capitate.

SouTH-wESTERN Recaron.—Albany Division: Between Bathurst and

Grahamstown, Glass, 212!; Waaiplaats, near Grahamstown, May,

Collector |? ; roadside near Grahamstown, Hutton* !.

7. C. intrusa (E. Mey., Comm., p. 2).

Branches pubescent or shortly villous. Leaves 7-11 cm. long,

5-13-jugate, rarely 4-jugate; leaflets ‘7-2-1 cm. long, -45-1°3 cm.

broad, oblong or elliptic, more rarely obovate, rounded at the base,

with mid-rib prominent beneath and sunk above, pubescent above

and beneath, rarely becoming glabrous. Inflorescence 6-15 em. long,

racemose, longer than the leaves. Peduncle pubescent. Pedice/ls

5 mm. long, terete, pubescent. Calyx-tube 2 mm. long, campanulate,

pubescent ; lobes 1 mm. long, ovate, subacute. Vezillwm 6 mm. long,

3 mm. broad, bi-lobed at the apex, with a channelled linear claw

2-5 mm. long; alae 7°5 mm. long, 2 mm. broad, oblong, obtuse, with

a linear claw 3 mm. long; carina 7 mm. long, 2°5 mm. broad, plano-

convex in outline, obtuse, with a linear claw 3 mm. long. Filaments

6-6°5 mm. long, linear; anthers ‘5 mm. long, oblong. Ovary stalked,

4 mm. long, °75 mm. broad, linear, ciliated ; style 2 mm. long, arcuate;

stigma small, capitate. Fruit 1-5 cm. long, ‘3-1 em. broad, mostly

linear, sometimes ovate.

Harv. and Sond., Fl. Cap., vi, 268; C. obovata, Schinz, in Bull. Herb

Boiss., iv (1896), 426; C. mucronulata, Harms ex Kuntze Rev. Gen.

The Genus Calpurnia, E. Mey. (Leguminosae.) 481

III, ii, 54; Virgilia intrusa, R. Br., in Hort. Kew, wii, 4; DC.,

Prodr. II, 98.

SouTH-FASTERN ReEcion. — Komgha Division: Prospect Farm,

Komgha, March, Flanagan, 277!, and in MacOwan, Herb. Austro-

Afric., 1450*!. Tembuland: A shrub about 3 ft. high, near streams

at Cala, 4000 ft., February, Pegler, 79!. Transkei: Woods between

Gekau (Gecua) River and Bashee River, 2000 ft., Drege*!; Bashee

River, Bawr, 575*!; Tsomo River, Mrs. Barber, 814*!; Butterworth,

Miss Pegler, 1473*!. East Griqualand: Mount Currie, near Kokstad,

5000 ft.. March, Tyson, 1355!, and in MacOwan and Bolus, Herb.

Austro-Afric., 1248*!. Natal: Currie’s Post, 5000 ft., February,

Schlechter, 6811!; grassy slopes at Umlass, 2000 ft., December,

Haygarth, 220!; rocky hills, South Downs, 5000 ft., December,

Wood!; Inanda, Wood, 956*!; and without precise locality, 3522*! ;

Ingunga, 3000 ft., Schlechter, 6310 !.

Eastern Mountain Recion.-——Bester’s Vlei, near Harrismith,

5400 ft., December, Bolus, 1856!; banks of rivers, Harrismith,

Cooper, 856* !, Sankey, 40!. Basutoland: Leribe, A. Dieterlen, 37!,

Phillips, 835 !.

INDEX.

PAGE PAGE

aurea. : ; : ; . 478 | robinioides . : : : . 479

aurea (Podalyria) : ; . 478 | sericea . : : : ‘ . 479

aurea (Virgilia) . : : . 478 | subdecandra (Robinia) : . 478

floribunda . ‘ : ; . 480 | sylvatica . z ‘ , . AT6

intrusa : : : 5 . 480 | sylvatica (Sophora) . : . 477

intrusa (Virgilia) 5 : . 481 | sylvatica (Virgilia) . : . ATT

lasiogyne . ; 3 : . 477 | villosa . : 2 : . 478

mucronulata : 5 : . 480 | Woodii ; : : : . 478

obovata ; . : - . 480

( 483 )

19. ConTRIBUTIONS TO OUR KNOWLEDGE OF THE ERESHWATER

ALGAE oF AFRICA.*

(2) A First Report on the Freshwater Algae mostly from the Cape

Peninsula in the herbarium of the South African Museum.—By

F. E. Frrrscn, D.Sc. (Professor of Botany, East London College,

University of London).

(With 45 figures in the text.)

A. Inrropuctory REMARKS.

Tre literature dealing with the freshwater algal flora of the continent

of Africa is by no means extensive; moreover, collectors have shown a

preference for the Central and Northern parts and have almost com-

pletely ignored the South. Apart from two early papers by Raben-

horst+ and Remsch}, we have, in more recent years, Nordstedt’s

valuable account$ of Algae, especially Desmids, found amongst

museum-specimens of Utricularia, several of them collected at the

Cape; a brief paper by Wille||, mainly on Aleae from the Zambesi;

and lastly, G. 8. West’s paper] on the freshwater Aleae of the Percy

Sladen Memorial Expedition in South-West Africa (1908-11).

The field is thus an almost untouched one; in fact, Cape Province

has been less known from the point of view of its Freshwater Algae

than almost any other important centre on the surface of the earth.

It is therefore not surprising that the collections of Algae, dealt with

in the subsequent pages, have yielded a number of very interesting

forms, as instanced by the description of two new species of Hcballo-

* The first paper (Some Freshwater Aleae from Madagascar) of this series

was published in the Annales d. Biologie lacustre, vii, 1914; no separate copies

have been received owing to the outbreak of the European war.

+ Rabenhorst, Beitr. z. Kryptogamenfl. Siidafrik., Pilze u. Algen, Alle.

deutsch. naturh. Zeit., 1, 1855.

+ Reinsch, Contr. ad. fl. Alo. aq. dulce. Promont. Bon. Spei, Journ. Linn. Soc.,

Bot.. xvi, 1877, p. 2382.

§ Nordstedt, De alg. nonnull., praecipue Desm., inter Utricularias, etce.,

Lunds Univ. Arsskrift, xvi, 1880.

|| Wille, Ueb. einige v. J. Menyhardt in Stidafrika gesamm. Siisswasserale.,

Oesterr. bot. Zeitschr., 1903.

{ G.S. West, in Annals of the South African Museum, ix, 1912, p. 61.

434. Annals of the South African Museum.

cystis, of a second species of Sphaeroplea, and by the rediscovery of

Hydrodictyou africanum, already known from the work of Yama-

nouchi.* ‘The total number of new Algae described in the present

report is nineteen species and six varieties, apart from a number of new

forms, whilst the species here recorded number 238 in all (ninety-seven

genera). Nevertheless, it is obvious that the list of species based on

these collections cannot be regarded as typical of the algal flora of the

Cape Peninsula, since several common genera are quite unrepresented,

whilst of others only one or two species have been found. It is hoped

to remedy this state of affairs in subsequent reports, but for the

present it would be misleading to attempt any general consideration of

the aspect of the freshwater algal flora.

All the collections dealt with in the present report were made in the

year 1908, but owing to a misapprehension, considerable delay has

arisen in working them out. The fifty-nme samples were collected

from diverse localities by a number of different botanists, as will be

seen by reference to the enumeration of samples which follows. This

list is intended to serve as a general key to the collections, and in the

subsequent systematic treatment only the numbers of the samples are

given.

My thanks are due to Prof. H. H. W. Pearson. who first started

sending me these collections, and to Dr. L. Péringuey, the Director of

the South African Museum, who has continued the work. I am also

exceedingly indebted to my colleague, Dr. E. J. Salisbury, who has

drawn many of the figures illustrating the present report and has made

several valuable suggestions.

B. ENUMERATION OF THE SAMPLES.

1. On a sloping granite rock, over which water was trickling, quite

exposed to the sun, Kasteel’s Poort Stream, Twelve Apostles’ Range,

about 1000 ft. above sea-level. January, 1908 (coll. E. P. Phillips).

(Mougeotia sp., Zygnema sp., Oscillatoria tenuis, Cosmarium capense,

var. minor. )

2. Ina shallow mountain stream, well shaded by large trees, current

very slow, below Long Kloof on the Twelve Apostles’ Range, about

2000 ft. above sea-level. February, 1908 (coll. E. P. Phillips).

(Tribonema bombycinum, £. genuina, various Desmids and Diatoms,

especially species of Hunotia.)

3. Small stream by roadside, shaded by overhanging bush, Camps

Bay, about five miles from Cape Town. March (Ist, 1908 (coll.

* Yamanouchi, Bot. Gazette, lv, 1913, p. 74.

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 485

HK. P. Philips). (Spirogyra sp., Oscillatoria amphibia, Ulothrix

variabilis, various Desmids, Navicula anglica, Euglena oxyuris.)

4. The same. (Oedogonium sp., Ulothrix gelatinosa n. sp., species

of Scenedesmus, Navicula interrupta, and numerous other species of

the genus in less abundance, Nitzschia spp., Euglena oxyuris, and

species of T’rachelomonas. )

5. Stagnant pool, shaded by overhanging bush, Camps Bay. March

Ist, 1908 (coll. E. P. Phillips). (Vauwcheria geminata, Anabaena

inaequalis (2), Oscillatoria tenuis, Lyngbya kuetzingii var. distincta,

Spirulina major, species of Closterium, Pleurotaenium ovatum and

P. ehrenbergii, Pinnularia major and P. distinquenda, diverse species

of Navicula and Nitzschia, Trachelomonas hispida. )

6. The same, but Algae from green film over mud at bottom of

pond. (Oscillatoria tenuis and O. formosa, Anabaena oblonga, Spiru-

lina major, Cylindrospermum alatosporum n. sp., same Diatoms as in

5, together with Mastogloia smithii and M. grevillei. )

7. Green frothy scum on surface of water in a rather large hole

in the bed of a small mountain stream, otherwise quite dry, well

shaded by a large rock and surrounding bushes ; in a deep valley

on the Twelve Apostles, about 2000 ft. alt. March 8th, 1908 (coll.

K.P. Phillips) (Huastrum capense n. sp., Cosmarium punctulatum,

Xanthidium brevispinum n. sp., a few species of Navicula).

8. On a sloping rock over which the water trickled rather swiftly

(water from pool from which sample 9 was collected), a soft flocculent

mass, position exposed to sun for greater part of day. Orange Kloof,

below Tunnel Door, about 2000 ft. alt. (Table Mt.). March 8th, 1908

(coll. E. P. Phillips). (Tribonema bombycinum, Ulothrix variabilis,

Mougeotia sp., Scenedesmus bijugatus, Ecballocystis ramosa n. sp.,

Cosmarium capense var. minor, Spondylosium pygmaeum var. capensis,

Staurastrum hexagonale n.sp. and S. punctulatum, also other Desmids,

Hunotia bicapitata, Navicula rhomboides and var. saxonica. )

9 and 10. In running water, on a flat rock, in a place where the

water widened out into a shallow pool, same locality as 8. (T'ribonema

bombycinum, Ulothrix variabilis, Bulbochaete sp., much the same

Desmids and Diatoms as in 8.)

11, 12, and 15. From a mountain spring in a hollow, forming a

small pond, thickly overgrown with a water-weed, Orangezicht, above

Cape ‘Town (300 ft.). March 24th, 1908 (coll. E. P. Phillips). Micro-

spora pachyderma, Microthamnion strictissimum, species of Trachelo-

monas, Phacus, and Lepocinclis. )

14. Pond in Municipal Gardens, Cape Town, growing on stems and

petioles of Limnanthemum indicum, Thw. April 13th, 1908 (coll.

486 Annals of the South African Museum.

E. P. Phillips). (A rich growth of unicellular and colonial forms

mainly composed of Scenedesmus quadricauda and S. acuminatus,

Selenastrum gracile, Ankistrodesmus falcatus and var. spirilliformis,

Cosmarium laeve, Microcystis sp., a few Diatoms, species of Trachelo-

monas (including T. radiosa n. sp.), Phacus, and Lepocinclis. )

15. The same, but Algae growing on the brick walls of the pond.

(Phormidium valderianum, OCoelastrum morus £. capensis, Oedogonium

sp., Calothrix fusca, and the same forms as in 14, but in smaller quantity,

and together with Plewrococcus koettlitzii, Achnanthes minutissima, and

species of Gomphonema. )

16. Small pool of water in the hollow of 2 rock, Table Mt., 3000 ft.

alt. April 12th, 1908 (coll. E. P. Phillips). (Mesotaenium chlamydo-

sporum, Schizochlamys hyalina n. sp., Calothrix sp., Stigonema hormo-

ides. )

17. “Vlei” on Green Point Common, dry for the greater part of

the year, but becoming filled during winter. Algae occurring in

large masses on edge. April 28th, 1908 (coll. E. P. Phillips).

(Sphaeroplea africana n. sp., Oedogonium sp-)

18. Large “ vlei” at Maitland, about three miles from Cape Town ;

Algae submerged and free, forming patches of a light green colour.

July 11th, 1908 (coll. E. P. Phillips). (Sphaeroplea africana Xi. Sp.)

19. Small pond about 500 yards from the “ vlei”’ of the previous

sample. July 11th, 1908 (coll. E. P. Phillips). (Ulothrix subtilissima,

Scytonema mirabile, Ecballocystis simplex n. sp., Cosmarium capense

var. minor, Staurastrum hexagonale un. sp., Cylindrocystis crassa,

Mougeotia spp.)

20. Same ‘‘vlei”’ as No. 18. (Hydrodictyou africanum.)

91. Valkenberg Vlei. June 28th, 1908 (coll. W. T. Saxton).

(Oedogonium sp., Trochiscia aspera, Ophiocytium arbuscula, Synedra

pulchella, species of Gomphonema. )

22. Small stream, Kloof Road, Cape Town (coll. W. T. Saxton).

(Zygnema sp., Oedogonium sp., Hormidini rivulare. )

23. Valkenberg Vlei. June 3rd, 1908 (coll. W.'T’. Saxton). (Spiro-

gyra sp., Oedogonium sp., Aphanothece microspora. )

24. Valkenberg Vlei. June 28th, 1908 (coll. W.T. Saxton). (Spiro-

gyre sp., Oedogoninm sp., Cosmarium pseudobroomer var. convexum,

C. subbroomei var. pseudo-pearsoni n. var., Closterinm malinvernianum

ft. major, Eudorina elegans, Trachelomonas hispida, Peridinium sp.)

25. Modder River, Orange Free State. June 29th, 1908 (coll.

H. H. W. Pearson). (Spirogyra spp., Oscillatoria limosa, scanty

Desmids, Melosira varians, species of Epithemia, Cymbella, Navicula,

and Nitzschia.)

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 487

26. Orange River, Cape Province. June 25th, 1908 (coll. H. H. W.

Pearson). (Spirogyra spp., Nodularia harveyana, Closterium libellula,

Cosmarium subbroomei var. pseudo-pearsoni, species of Nitzschia,

Hantzschia amphioxys.)

27. Ona concrete dam, about two miles from Matjesfontein, Cape

Province. June 22nd, 1908 (coll. H. H. W. Pearson). (Tribonema

bombucinum t. minor, Phormidium autumnale, a few Diatoms).

28. Modder River, Orange Free State, free floating. July 28th, 1908

(coll. H. H. W. Pearson). (Spirogyra spp., Synedra acus.)

29, 29a, 30, 30a, Reit River, attached to Myriophyllum. July 28th,

1908 (coll. H. H. W. Pearson). (Cladophora glomerata, Oedogonium

boreale, Stigeoclonium prostratum un. sp., Gongrosira disciformis 0. sp.,

Nostoc hederulae, Rivularia natans, Anabaena circinalis (7), Lyngbya

rivulariarum, Coleochaete scutata, Aphanochaete repens, Cosmarium

botrytris and var. tumidum, C. sexangulare var. subangulare n. var.,

C. perpusillum, Eudorinella wallichii, Apiocystis brauniana, Oocystis

solitaria, various Diatoms, mainly epiphytic.)

31. Riet River, Orange Free State, attached to Willow leaves. July

28th, 1908 (coll. H. H. W. Pearson). (Much the same as the four

previous samples, with the absence of the Cyanophyceae).

32. Modder River, Orange Free State, with Ranunculus, etc. July

28th, 1908 (coll. H. H. W. Pearson). (Zygnema stellinum, Spirogyra

juergensii and S. hassallii, Anabaena catenula, species of Cosmarium,

Navicula, and Nitzschia).

33. Riet River, Orange Free State. July 28th, 1908 (coll. H. H. W.

Pearson). (Very similar to samples 29, 29a, 30, and 30a.) \

34. In a small pond, which was drying up, adjoining the “ vlei,” of

No. 17, Green Point Common; Algae forming a frothy green mass,

July 22nd, 1908 (coll. E. P. Phillips). (Mougeotia sp., Spirogyra

sp., Scenedesmus obliquus.)

35. From another small pond, in the same locality as No. 34, where

the water had completely dried up, leaving the Algae as a_ thick

green carpet on top of the moist ground. (Oedgoniwm sp., Spirogyra

sp., Closterium acerosum, Cosmarium subbroomei formae, Amphora

ovalis.) (N.B.—Sample 34a is just the same as 355.)

36. Forming a green scum on the surface of the water of a pond

formed by a natural spring in the Municipal Gardens, Cape Town.

July 22nd, 1908 (coll. E. P. Phillips). (Oedogonium pisanum,

Chlamydomonas intermedia and C. reinhardi, Navicula cryptocephala,

N. interrupta, Nitzschia palea.)

37. Ina little pool, formed by water flowing from a leaking water-

pipe, Pipe Track, slopes of Table Mt., about 1000 ft. July 19th,

488 Annals of the South African Musewm.

1908 (coll. E. P. Phillips). (Mougeotia sp., Ulothrix variabilis,

Schizothria polytrichoides un. sp., Netrium oblongum var. cylindricum.)

38. Ina small streamlet, running as an overflow from a spring,

Pipe Track, about 1000 ft. July 19th, 1908 (coll. E. P. Phillips).

(Mougeotia sp., Hormidium rivulare. )

39. On a vertical rock, at side of an embankment, through which

water was trickling, locality ? July 19th, 1908 (coll. E. P. Phillips).

(Zygnema spirale n. sp., species of Oocystis and Scenedesmus, Ankis-

trodesmus faleatus and var. spirilliformis, species of Cosmarium,

Aphanocapsa elachista var. conferta.)

40. Victoria Falls, date unknown. (Presented by Dr. R. Marloth.)

{ Nostoc pruniforme ? )

41. Growing among Moss on a sloping granite rock, over which

a strong stream of water was running (stream quite dry during the

summer), Pipe Track, slopes of 'Table Mt., about 900 ft. July 26th,

1908 (coll. E. P. Phillips). (Mougeotia sp., Phormidium subfuscum,

Lyngbya aerugineo-coerulea, various Diatoms.)

42. Flocculent sediment at bottom of a small basin-shaped hollow

im a rock, summit of ‘l'welve Apostles, Table Mt., about 3000 ft.

July 26th, 1908 (coll. E. P. Phillips). (Dichothrix fusca n. sp.,

Scenedesmus cohaerens n. sp., Gloeocapsa rupicola, Pleurococeus

antarcticus f. simplex. )

43. Velvety covering on sand at bottom of a small stream, which was

running to waste from a water-pipe, Tunnel Door, Slangoolie Ravine,

Table Mt., about 2000 ft. July 26th, 1908 (coll. E. P. Phillips).

(Phormidium subfuseum, Oscillatoria amoena, numerous Diatoms. )

44. Attached to Crassula natans, in a basin-shaped hollow on

top of a high rock, which becomes filled with water during rains

and heavy fogs, summit of Muizenberg Mts. August 38rd, 1908

(Dichothrix spirale n. sp., Oedogonium sp., Chaetopeltis sp., Oocystis

rupestris, Scenedesmus cohaerens n. sp., Huastrum pseudocoralloides

n. sp., Chamaesiphon minimus.)

45, Vlei at Lakeside. July, 1908 (coll. A. J. Ballatine). (Clado-

phora crispata forma? , Oedogonium sp., Cocconeis pediculus.)

46-48. Vlei at Mowbray, near Cape Town. August 20th, 1908

(coll. E. P. Phillips). (Spirogyra mazxima?, O0¢dogonium sp.,

Rhizoclonium hieroglyphicum, Ophiocytium majus, Tribonema bomby-

cinum ft. minor, species of Scenedesmus, Closterium leibleinii, Cyclotella

operculata, and numerous other Diatoms. )

49. Small pond, Green Point Common, near Cape Town (pond

measuring only a foot or eighteen inches each wav). August 20th,

1908 (coll. E. P. Phillips). (Nostoe linckia.)

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 489

50. Covering a rock, which was lying in a swampy piece of ground,

with a thick greenish yellow slime, top of Kasteel’s Poort, Table Mt.,

about 2500 ft. September 6th, 1908 (coll. E. P. Phillips.) (Zygnema

sp., Ulothriz subtilissima, Hormidium rivulare, Tribonema bombycinum

f. minor, Anabaena sp., Cylindrocystis crassa and C. ornata n. sp.,

Netrium digitus, Penium phymatosporum and P. conspersum var.

capense n. var., Cosmarium speciosum var. simplex.)

51. Attached to roots of a plant, exposed ina small pool, same

locality and date as No. 50. (Zygnema ericetorwm, and a few Desmids

and Diatoms.)

52-55. Muizenberg Vlei (in part growing on stem and leaf-sheath

of Typha). (Coll. Miss E. Stephens). (Tolypothriz tenuis, Lyngbya

major, Oedogonium crassum and O. crispum, Bulbochaete sp., Coleo-

chaete scutata, Aphanochaete repens, Cladophora glomerata?, a few

Desmids and numerous Diatoms. )

56, 57. In a spring on Table Mt., 3000-3500 ft. (Coll. P. de Moll).

(Mougeotia sp., Ulothrix oscillarina, Hormidium subtile, Ecballocystis

ramosa n. sp., Spondylosium pygmaeum var. capensis n. var., Hunotia

lunaris.)

C. Systematic ENUMERATION OF THE SPECIES OBSERVED.

Norr.—The species are numbered separately under the individual

genera, and in subsequent reports on the Algae of the Cape Peninsula,

additional records of localities for these species will merely be given

by reference to these numbers. I append for purposes of reference an

INDEX TO THE GENERA.

Achnanthes, 586

Amphora, 595

Anabaena, 577

Ankistrodesmus, 514:

Aphanocapsa, 570

Aphanochaete, 536

Aphanothece, 570

Apiocystis, 502

Arthrodesmus, 560

Bulbochaete, 540

Calothrix, 581

Chaetopeltis, 537

Chaetosphaeridium, 537

Chamaesiphon, 571

Chlamydomonas, 491

Chroococcus, 569

Cladophora, 524

Closterium, 544

Cocconeis, 587

Cocconema, 595

Coelastruim, 512

Coleochaete, 537

Conferva, 569

Cosmarium, 550

Cyclotella, 585

Cylindrocystis, 541

Cylindrospermum, 578

Cymatopleura, 599

Cymbella, 595

Dichothrix, 581

Dictyosphaerium, 513

Diploneis, 588

Keballocystis, 494

Hpithemia, 595

Eremosphaera, 504

Euastrum, 547

490 Annals

Eudorina, 491

Eudorinella, 492

Euglena, 600

Eunotia, 585

Frustulia, 588

Gloeocapsa, 570

Gloeotrichia, 581

Gomphonema, 594:

Gomphosphaeria, 571

Gongrosira, 535

Gyrosigma, 594:

Hantzschia, 599

Herposteiron, 536

Himantidium, 586

Hormidium, 519

Hydrodictyon, 505

Lepocinclis, 602

Lyngbya, 573

Mastogloia, 587

Melosira, 584:

Merismopedia, 571

Mesotaenium, 540

Microcystis, 570

Microspora, 523

Microthamnion, 534

Mougeotia, 568

Myxonema, 531

Naviecula, 588

Neidium, 588

Netrium, 541

Nitzschia, 596

Nitzschiella, 599

Nodularia, 577

Nostoc, 577

Oedogonium, 539

Oocystis, 506

Ophiocytium, 569

Oseillatoria, 572

of the South African Museum.

Pandorina, 4.91

Pediastrum, 505

Penium, 542

Peridinium, 605

Phacus, 602

Phormidium, 573

Pinnularia, 590

Pleurococecus, 514

Pleurosigma, 594

Pleurotaenium, 547

Rhaphidium, 514

Rhizoclonium, 524.

Rivularia, 581

Scenedesmus, 506

Schizochlamys, 503:

Schizothrix, 575

Sciadium, 569

Seytonema, 580

Selenastrum, 512

Sphaerocystis, 502

Sphaeroplea, 524

Spirogyra, 563

Spirulina, 572

Spondylosium. 562

Staurastrum, 560

Stauroneis, 594.

Stichoeoceus, 519

Stigeocloniun, 531

Stigonema, 58]

Surirella, 600

Synedra, 585

Tolypothrix, 581

Trachelomonas, 602

Tribonema, 569

Trochiscia, 505

Tryblionella, 596

Ulothrix, 515

Vanheurekia, 588.

Vaucheria, 540

Xanthidium, 550

Zyenema, 564

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. Ag]

1. ISOKONTAE.

(a) CHLAMYDOMONADALES.

(2) CHLAMYDOMONADACEAE.

Genus CHLAMYDOMONAS EHRENBERG.

1. Chlamydomonas intermedia, Chodat, Bull. Herbier Boissier, il,

p. 590, Tab. XXII, XXIII; Wille, Algol. Notizen, xi, Nyt. Mag. f.

Naturvidenskab, Ixi, 1908, p. 142, Tab. LV, tie, Vo.

Sample 36 (very common).

A small form, long. cell., 12 »; lat., 9 p. The bulk of the material

was in the Palmella-stage. No cilia could be detected on any of

the ordinary individuals, so that the determination is not altogether

certain.

2. Chlamydomonas reinhardi, Dangeard, Recherches s. 1. Algues inf.,

Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 7, Bot., vii, 1888, p. 130) PL Xe fies) 28-39 -

Wille, Joc. cit., p. 189, Tab. IV, fig. 9.

Sample 18 (?), 36 (?).

(Nore. — Individuals of this genus, whose characters were not

sufficiently clear for purposes of determination, were also observed

in samples 8, 12, 13, and 31.)

(5) VOLVOCACEAE.

Genus PANDORINA Bory.

1. Pandorina morum (Muell.), Bory, Hist. nat. Zoophytes, il,

Paris, 1824, p. 600.

Samples 31, 39.

Genus EUDORINA EHRENBERG.

1. Eudorina elegans, Ebrenberg, Infusionsthiere, 18315 p98;

sit, fio V0:

Samples 24, 31, 33.

The colonies in samples 31 and 33 were 16-celled and consisted of

small cells.

492 Annals of the South African Museum.

GENUS EKUDORINELLA Lemmuermann.

1. Hudorinella wallichii (Turner), Lemmermann, Ber. Deutsch.

Bot. Ges., xvii, 1900, p. 307. (Syn.: Hudorina ? wallichii, Turner,

Kory. Vet Ale land xxv i892) 9p. 155, Tab. XIX etiowl/09)

(Migse 1,2.)

Samples 30a, 31, 33.

The typical mature colony is composed of two series, each of four

cells, enclosed within a spherical mass of transparent mucilage ; the

two series of cells lie in parallel planes, the cells of the one series

alternating with those of the other (ef. Fig. 1 and Fig. 2,d). Asa

result, in a lateral view of the colony, one usually sees two cells of the

one tier and three of the other (cf. Fig. 2, a). The cells of the mature

colony are spherical, with a diameter of 8 9p; they have a well-

Fra. 1.—Diagram to show the disposition of the cells ina typical mature colony

of Eudorinella wallichii (Turner), Lemimermann, very much magnified.

marked pyrenoid and are provided with a slight papilla at the anterior

end, from which the cilia doubtless arise (Fig. 2, f). Cilia were not

mentioned in the original description by Turner (lve. cit.), based on

Wallich’s manuscript, but have been subsequently recorded by Lemmer-

mann (/oc. cit.) ; it is not quite clear, however, on what material his

conclusions are based. I have been unable to observe cilia in the

South African specimens, but there is no reason to doubt their

presence, Each cell is surrounded by a distinct but delicate membrane

of its own.

Frequent specimens showing formation of daughter-colonies were

encountered. Prior to division the mucilage-envelope widens out

somewhat and, at this stage, its limits are often more sharply marked

than at any other time. It appears that in some cases the two tiers

of cells separate from one another before or during division, but often

the two tiers are readily recognisable up to the time of the formation

of mature daughter-colonies (ef. Fig. 2, b and e); as will be seen from

the figures, one or more cells of the mother-colony not uncommonly

fail to divide. I have not been able to observe all the stages in the

formation of daughter-colonies, but it appears as though here, as in

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 493

other Volcocaceae, a flat plate is first produced, the four peripheral

cells of which at an early stage move forwards to form the second tier.

At first the cells of the daughter-colonies are closely crowded together

(Fig. 2, band e), but later they diverge more or less and a spherical

mucilage-envelope appears about them. The young cells are at. first

somewhat pear-shaped and only later become spherical.

It is not at all uncommon to find cells of the mother-colony dividing

into more than eight units, but it has been difficult to determine the

exact number of cells produced in these cases. In the samples con-

Fieg. 2.—Eudorinella wallichii (Turner), Lemmermann. «a. Mature

colony, seen from the side. d. Ditto, front view. 6, ¢,ande. Various

stages in the formation of daughter-individuals; in b several of the

cells show division into more than eight. /. Single cell, more strongly

enlarged. a-e, x 500; f, x 1O0OU.

taining the Hudorinella 16-celled colonies were occasionally encountered,

with an exactly spherical mucilage-envelope and with the cells arranged

in very obvious groups of four in the four quadrants; the four cells

of each group apparently lay in one plane. It may be that this is a

variant of the normal type and that such colonies, by breaking up into

four-celled groups, provide those stages in which series of but four

cells are found forming daughter-colonies

In his Treatise on the British Freshwater Algae, G. S. West

(p. 194), doubts the necessity of placing Hudorinella in a genus

separate from Hudorina. In the very definite arrangement of its cells

Eudorinella, however, appears as yet another variant of the Volvo-

eaceous type, and as such its retention in a distinct genus seems

advisable.

494 Annals of the South African Museum.

() CHLORODENDRALES.

(1) CHLORODENDRACEAE.

Genus ECBALLOCYSTIS Bout.

1. Keballocystis ramosa, n. sp. (Fig. 3.)

Thallus microscopicus, algis filamentosis pede gelatinoso, hyalino,

rotundato vel subeonico adhaerens. Cellulae ovales vel elliptico-

oblongae, ca. 2-23 plo longiores quam latae, membrana tenui, in

utroque autem polo plus minus inerassata, chromatophora singula (?)

laminaeformi, pyrenoidibus duobus concinne ordinatis, nucleo centrali.

Divisio cellularum oblique et successive in 2, 4, vel 8 partes fit ; interea

membrana cellulae maternae augetur et in apice aperitur; deinde una

vel duae e cellulis filialibus sursum procedunt et hiatui cellulae maternae

pede gelatinoso (qui est eadem crassitudine qua poli) se adjungunt ;

cellulae filiales residuae in basi cellulae maternae restant vel plus

minus in lineam disponuntur. Qua ratione coloniae amplae copiose

ramosae orluntur. Propagatio ? (veresimile est zoosporas esse).

Cellulae maternae ( ante fissionem), usque 48 x 20; cellulae filiales

(ante divisionem), 21 x 10, 25 x 12, 27 x 10,31 x P23 a liG:

33 x 14, 48 x 16 » (quae cellula pyrenoides multos habebat).

Sample 8 (rare), 56, 57.

The first beginnings of a colony of this interesting form are shown

in Fig. 3, a. The oval cell has a thin membrane which is, however

“7

more or less thickened at each pole. The thickening at the lower end

is rounded or more or less conical and constitutes the base of attach-

ment of the whole colony. At first it is not readily stained by methyl

blue, but later, as it gradually broadens out into a mucilaginous pad

Fia. 3.—Ecballocystis ramosa, n. sp. a. First beginnings of a colony, the

polar thickenings are well seen. 6. A cellin which the contents have

undergone oblique division, the upper half having dividedagain. c. A

later stage in development, in which the mother-cell membrane has

ruptured and one of the daughter-cells has shifted up to the opening.

d. An older colony, showing two mother-cell membranes and two

daughter-cells which have moved up to the opening in the mother-

cell membrane and are in process of further division. e. Late stage

in division prior to the rupture of the mother-cell membrane. f. Initial

cell which has undergone two successive processes of rejuvenescence.

g- Amother-cell which has divided into four parts and is irregularly

bulged. h. Older colony in which the first cell divided into four parts,

only two of the daughter-cells shifting to the aperture; of these one

has divided into two, the other into three. i. A colony showing for-

mation of reproductive cells (zoospores ?). 7. Division into four with

shifting of two cells to the aperture. k. A large mature colony,

showing rejuvenescence, and an instance of triple branching. ‘The

nucleus (shaded) and pyrenoids are shown in many of the figures. All

figures x 600.

The Freshwater Algae of Ajriea. 495

Hire: 3.

4.96 Annals of the South African Museum.

(Fig, 3, d and h), 14 takes up this stain easily and, ultimately in such

stained material, appears as a more or less deep blue diffuse mass in

which the lower end of the cell is embedded. The thickening of the

other pole is in general not as pronounced, and appears to mark a

region of gelatinisation of the membrane in which rupture subse-

quently takes place.

The development of the colony from this initial stage takes place

as follows. The original cell gradually grows to quite considerable

dimensions (as much as 48 x 20 w), although division of the contents

may set In before the maximum size is reached. The contents apparently

contract slightly away from the membrane and thereupon undergo an

oblique division into two, a new membrane appearing around the

products (Fig. 3, b, d, and e). In many cases division does not

proceed further; the membrane of the mother-cell ruptures at the

apex, and one (Fig. 3, ¢), or both (Fig. 3, d), of the daughter-cells

shift up to the neighbourhood of the opening and become attached

there to the mother-cell membrane by a similar polar thickening, to

that which effects attachment in the case of the initial cell. It does

not appear, however, that these secondary points of attachment become

as markedly mucilaginous as the primary one. The free ends of the

ruptured .mother-cell membrane are often more or less reflexed

(Fig. 3, ¢ and h). The daughter-cells grow and sooner or later divide

again in a similar manner (Fig. 3, d), and in this Way a repeatedly

branched colony may arise.

It is not at all uncommon, however, for the initial cell to undergo

successive division into four parts (Fig. 3, 6, g, h, 7) before rupture of

the mother-cell membrane takes place. Some growth of the products

of the first division appears to occur, as the mother-cell membrane in

such cases generally appears more or less irregularly bulged out at

various points (Fig. 3, g), a phenomenon which may even be observed

in cases where division into but two parts has taken place (Fig. 3, e).

Of the four products of division, one or two usually move up to the

aperture of the ruptured mother-cell (Fig. 3,4, 7), whilst the remainder

tend to become disposed in a more or less linear series within the

original mother-cell membrane (Fig. 3,h, j, k), one generally remaining

at the base. Cases where three cells have moved up to the opening

(as in the lower right hand part of Fig. 3, %) are rare.* It seems

* The colony shown in Fig. 3,k is somewhat unusual, and I am not certain

how to interpret it. It may be the result of a number of zoospores settling

down and germinating at the same spot (i.e. a collection of colonies), or it may

be due to a considerable number of daughter-cells having shifted up to the

opening of the mother-cell.

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 4.97

that only those cells which come to lie near the opening undergo:

further division.

Division into more than four parts has not been observed in the

case of initial cells, but the production of eight daughter-cells is not

at all uncommon in the later divisions of the colony (Fig. 3,7). I

have not seen a case of division into more than eight parts. Iam

unable to say what is the exact fate of the products of such division

into eight. The mother-cells containing them (Fig. 3, 7) are generally

very irregular in outline, and it is not uncommon to find cells of this

form empty and with a very irregular split in the membrane, as often

as not situated laterally (-f. the left hand upper part of Fig. 3, &).

I am inclined to take the view that the products of division into eight

are liberated in toto from the mother-cell and constitute the repro-

ductive cells. It can hardly be doubted that the species under

discussion propagates by means of zoospores, the epiphytic habit

being difficult to understand on any other assumption. The products

of division into eight were, however, generally clothed with a distinct,

though thin, membrane; only in a few cases did they appear to be

naked (cf. Fig. 3, 7). The sediment, in samples 56 and 57, was

examined, and a considerable number of free cells of Heballocystis

ramosa were encountered ; all of these had athin membrane. At the

saine time it should be mentioned that the smallest attached initial

cells were of approximately the same dimensions as the products of

division of cells ito eight. It would only be possible to settle the

method of reproduction fully on fresh material, and I am unable

to go beyond the suggestion above made.

Rejuvenescence is an occasional feature of this species, although it

is not nearly so frequent as in EH. simplex (cf. below). In this case

the contents of a cell acquire a new membrane without any division

taking place, the original membrane of the cell breaking open apically

and later appearing as a cup within which the new cell is attached

(Fig 5, f, and upper left hand portion of &).

As regards the individual cells, they are oval or elliptic-oblong in

shape, the larger ones not uncommonly being slightly curved (Fig 3, /).

There appears to be a single plate-like chloroplast, which in the young

cell invariably contains two pyrenoids, placed symmetrically in the

middle line, either near the two ends of the cell (Fig. 3, 2) or, more

rarely, near the centre. Prior to division, each pyrenoid splits

longitudinally into two (ef. Fig. 3,9), so that for a time the cell

contains two pairs of pyrenoids. In some cases big cells have been

encountered with quite a large number of pyrenoids ; I suspect that

these are cells about to divide into eight parts. There is a single,

498 Annals of the South African Museum.

rather large, spherical nucleus situated in the centre of the cell, mid-

way between the two pyrenoids (Fig. 3, e,y, 4). The protoplast is

often provided with faint ridges, which give it a slightly striated

appearance. ‘The cell-contents stain a reddish-violet colour with

iodine, which possibly indicates some special form of (amylaceous ?)

food-reserve.

The genus Heballocystis was established by Bohlin (Algen d.

ersten Regnell’schen Expedition, I. Protococcoideen, Bih. t. K. Sv.

Vet.-Akad- Handl> scam “Atd@ an, No. 7; 1897,- pp. 4-9, bala

figs. 1-4) for a macroscopic form, described as H. pulvinata. EH. ramosa

shows many points of difference from Bohlin’s species. In the first

place it does not appear to form macroscopic colonies ; although some

of the colonies encountered were considerably more extensive than

those shown in the figures, none of them would be visible to the

naked eye. But there are other more important differences, viz,

the complete absence of the prominent stratification of the membrane

seen in H. pulvinata, the greater length of the cells as compared with

their breadth, the fact that some of the daughter-cells nearly always

shift right up to the opening of the mother-cell (the last two features

leading to a much greater development of the colony, of our species,

in the longitudinal direction than in the pulvinate form described by

Bohlin), and the fact that division, in our species, appears to be

oblique from the very first and not transverse, with shifting to an

oblique plane, as in FB. pulvinata.

Bohlin (Joe. cit., p. 9) considered his genus to be most closely allied

to Stein’s Chlorangium, and this suggested affinity is heightened by

the discovery of E'cballocystis ramosa. Wille (Natiirl. Pflanzenfam.,

Nachtr. z.1 Teil, 2 Abt., 1909, p. 27) includes Setchell and Gardner’s

genus Colinsiella in Heballocystis, but it seems doubtful whether this

is warranted.

As far as I am aware the genus Ecballocystis has not been recorded

by any other author, and it is interesting that the new records here

given are, like Bohlin’s, from the Southern Hemisphere.

2. Heballocystis simplex, n. sp. (Fig. 4.)

Thallus microscopicus, algis filamentosis pulvinulo gelatinoso hyalino

adhaerens. Cellulae elongatae, ovales, polis acutis vel saepe sub-

pyramidatis, 3-6 plo longiores quam latae, membrana tenui, chromato-

phora singula (?), pyrenoidibus duobus (?) vel saepe pluribus. In

cellula juvenali contentus membranam replet, mox tamen contentus

a fine inferiore recedit, ita ut spatium, ut videtur vacuum, fiat; con-

tentus contractus deinde membranam novam effingit, dum membrana

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 499

cellulae maternae in apice aperitur. Innovatione hac cellula gradatim

a basi discedit. Divisio cellularum oblique plerumque in duas partes

fit, et tum membrana cellulae maternae aperitur; una e cellulis

fihalibus sursum procedit et hiatui cellulae maternae se adjungit,

altera cellula filialis plerumque in basi cellulae maternae manet.

Coloniae parum ramosae et simplices sunt. Propagatio ? (zoosporas

divisione succesiva magnae cellulae in partes plures probabile est).

Dimensiones cellularum maternarum: 36 x 9, 42 x 115, 45 x 9,

51 x 12, 54 x 10°5, 56 x 12, 60 x 12, 67 x 105 p. Cellulae filiales

(ubi plures efficiuntur ; zoosporae 7): 18 x 6, PAM Ne Tey Te

Sample 19.

The characteristic feature of this species is the abundant and

repeated occurrence of rejuvenescence. The initial cell of a colony

is here attached to its substratum by a broad pad of mucilage

(Fig. 4, a, ef, g). In this species this does not appear to be derived

from a thickening of the membrane, but rather to be an excretion

from the lower end of the cell. The same seems to be true of the

secondary points of attachment (Fig. 4, a, /), which appear as diffuse

mucilage-areas, well seen after staining with haematoxylin. ‘There 1s

no noticeable thickening of the membrane at the ends of the very

elongated cells.

The process of rejuvenescence appears to set in at a very early

stage and to take place as follows: The cell undergoes more or less

marked elongation, during which the protoplast gradually recedes

from the lower end, while maintaining a close connection with the

upper end. It appears that the space, which thus arises in the lower

part of the cell, is empty, since attempts to disclose the presence of

mucilage, by employing such stains as methyl blue, gave no result.

‘This point should be easy to settle with fresh material. If the area at

the lower end of the cell is really empty, we have a rather interesting

case of growth of the cell, without any accompanying increase in the

size of the protoplast. The extent of the space which thus develops

is very variable; sometimes the protoplast only shifts upwards a little

way before further events ensue (Fig. 4, a, c, y); in other cases,

however, the cell may almost double its length before the process

comes to a stop (Fig. 4, 6).

When the elongation of the cell has reached its end, a new

membrane appears around the contents and the original wall of the

mother-cell breaks apically (Fig. 4). From Figs. 4, ¢ and g, the

frequency of this process of rejuvenescence can be gauged, and it will

be realised that, by this process, the protoplast of the original cell

sets carried away from the point of attachment, with more or less

Orv

outh African Musewm.

Annals of the

500

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 501

rapidity. The successive membranes of the cell are always plainly

visible, and enable one to estimate the number of processes of inno-

vation that have taken place. It is noticeable that the successive

membranes fit more or less closely around one another at their

ruptured ends (cf. especially Fig. 4, a), the wide apertures charac-

teristic of HZ. ramosa not being encountered in this species.

Sooner or later, however, this process of rejuvenescence ceases and

division of the protoplast ensues. With the exception of those cases,

to be subsequently described as probable stages in reproduction, I

have never observed division into more than two parts in this species.

The plane of division is oblique (Fig. 4, 6), as in H. ramosa. One of

the products appears always to shift up to the rather narrow opening

of the mother-cell, whilst the other remains near its base. This seems

to be a constant feature of this species, although the basal cell may

not uncommonly be subsequently carried up to the opening of the

mother-cell by the process of rejuvenescence above described (Fig. 4, a

and f); in fact (asin Fig. 4, 7), it may sometimes ultimately overtop

the sister-cell, which took up a position at the aperture. As a result

of this method of division, and of the behaviour of the products, the

colonies of HE. simplex are far less abundantly branched than those of

EH. ramosa.

The terminal cells of the colonies in this species were not

uncommonly found to have divided into a large number of small cells

(long. 18-21 yp, lat. 6-7°5 yw) (cf. Fig. 4, d). In several, but not in

all cases, these cells appeared to be naked. As in HL. ramosa, there is

a probability that the production of these small cells marks a stage in

the reproduction of the species.

The cells of the ordinary individuals are in general very much elon-

gated, being not uncommonly six times as long as broad, The ends

are rounded, or very frequently more or less markedly pointed. The

lower ends of the cells, where they are surrounded by the attaching

mucilage, are always distinctly attenuated. The celi-contents were

very granular and difficult to decipher. Staining with iodine seemed

to show a number of pyrenoids (4-6) in each cell, but I am not sure of

the number. Some of the small (reproductive?) cells appeared to

Fie. 4.—Echallocystis simplex, n. sp. a. Colony showing rejuvenescence

and branching ; the mucilage-pads by means of which attachment is

effected are shown. 6. Initial cell which has undergone two processes

of innovation and the protoplast of which is now undergoing oblique

division. c. A cell which has undergone repeated rejuvenescence and

has recently divided, one of the products of division having shifted up

to the aperture of the mother-cell, whilst the other has remained

within the latter. d. Formation of numerous division-products (re-

productive cells ?). e, f, and g. 'l'ypical instances of branched colonies,

also showing good examples of innovation. All figures x 600.

5Q2 Annals of the South African Museum.

have but two pyrenoids, so that perhaps they multiply with the

increase in size of the cell.

There is a certain degree of resemblance between WL. simplex and

Senn’s Chlorodendron (Euglenopsis of Davis, Ann. of Bot., vii, 1894,

p. 377), since here also the colony gradually elongates by the succes-

sive withdrawal of the protoplast towards the upper end of the cell.

In Chlorodendron, however, the contracted protoplast is merely demar-

cated by the formation of successive septa across the mother-cell, and

there is no repeated rejuvenescence, as in EH. simplex. It is the

repeated rupture of the mother-cell membranes that shows that this

process in our Alga is nothing else than a modification of the usual

mode of development in Heballocystis, in which, however, the customary

division of the protoplast fails to occur.

The discovery of these two new forms shows that the dendroid type

is more frequent among the lower Isokontae than has hitherto been

supposed. A satisfactory elucidation of the affinities of all these forms

can, however, only be attained when the character of the swarmers 1s

fully known.

(1) SPHAEROCYSTACEAK.

Genus SPHAEROCYSTIS Cuopart.

1. Sphaerocystis schroeteri, Chodat, Etudes d. Biol. lacustre,

Bull. .d. ’Herb. Boissier, 1897, p. 292, Tab. IX; Alg. vert. de la

Suisse, Berne, 1902, p. 114, Fig. 53.

Samples 8, 48.

(2) TETRASPORACEHAKH.

Genus APIOCYSTIS NagcGett.

37.

1. Apiocystis brauniana, Naegeli, Gatt. einzell. Algen, 1848, p.

abst AR ics LyGRig= 5).

Samples 30a, 31,53 (on Cladophora glomerata).

Diam. colon. in media parte, 63-136 ».; long. colon. tot., LOO-195 p ;

long. stip., 22-45 2; lat. stip. in media parte, 20-27 ; diam. cell.,

6-10 p. ;

The above dimensions are for mature colonies; young colonies were

quite frequent. The stalk was on the whole broader and longer than

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 503

in the specimens figured by Naegeli. The cells generally exhibited a

quite irregular arrangement. All the larger colonies had a mucilage-

envelope, showing a denser peripheral layer of some thickness

(Fig. 5).

Fia. 5.—Apiocystis brauniana, Naegeli. x 750.

Genus SCHIZOCHLAMYS A. Braun.

1. Schizochlamys hyalina, n. sp. (Fig. 6.)

Stratum molle, gelatinosum, subhyvalinum, amplitudine plurium

mm., cellulas parvas et multas intervallis variabilbus dispositas inclu-

dens. Cellulae ante divisionem sphaericae, post divisionem plerumque

ovales, diam. 6—9 p, sine pyrenoidibus, cam membrana tenui distincta,

quae secretione muci in unam vel plures partes rumpitur. Segmenta

membranae in muco circumposito diu manent, coetus cellularum inter-

dum pluribus segmentis ejusmodi circumdati sunt.

504. Annals of the South African Museum.

Sample 16.

This Alga forms an extensive soft jelly, several millimetres in width,

and, in the preserved condition, almost colourless, or at the best but a

very pale green. The numerous cells are irregularly embedded at

variable distances in the mucilage and are spherical before, but usually

oval, after division (Fig. 64). I have been unable to detect a pyrenoid

in the cells. The delicate membrane of the cells is burst, after the

manner characteristic for the genus, into one or more pieces, and the

fragments are found in smaller or larger numbers in the surrounding

mucilage (Fig. 6).

Fie. 6.—Schizochlamys hyalina, n. sp. A. Small portion of the jelly

showing the irreeular distribution of the cells and the fragments of

cell-membrane which are cast off. EB. A small portion of the same

enlarged. A x 875, B x 750.

This species differs from the two hitherto known (S. gelatinosa, A.

Br., and S. delicatula, West) in the almost colourless plant-mass, in

the oval shape of the cells after division, and in the fact that the

membrane is ruptured into a varying number of fragments.

(dq) PROTOCOCCALES.

(3) EREMOSPHAERACEAE.

GEeNus EREMOSPHAERA Dk Bary.

1. Hremosphaera viridis, De Bary, Unters. ueb. d. Fam. d. Con-

jug., 1858, p. 56, Pl. VIII, fig. 26.

Var. minor, Moore, New or little known unicell. Alg., Bot. Gaz.,

xxx, MIO pe ollie xo figid.

Sample 25 (rare).

Diam. cell., 36-50 p.

The Freshwater Alqae of Africa. 505

(4) HYDRODICTY ACEAR.

Genus PEDIASTRUM Meyen.

1. Pediastrum tetras (Khrenb.), Ralfs, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist.,

xiv, 1844, p. 469, Pl. XII, fig. 4; Brit. Desm., 1848, p. 182,

Tab. XX XI, fig. 1 (Syn.: P. ehrenbergii, Corda, Alman. de Carlsbad,

1839, p. 138, Tab. II, fig. 8).

Sample 39 (rare).

2. Pediastrum duplex, Meyen, Nov.. Act. Leop.-Carol. Ak., xiv,

1829, p. 772, Pl. XLITI, figs. 6-20 (Syn.: P. pertusum, Kuetz.).

Sample 39 (rare), 48 (very rare).

Var. reticulatum, Lagerheim, Ofvers. K. Vet.-Akad. Foerhandl.,

1882, No. 2, p. 56, Tab. Il, fig. I.

Samples 14 and 15 (very rare).

3. Pediastrum boryanum (Turp.), Menegh., Monogr, nostoch. Ital.,

Att. R. Ac. Sci. Torino, Ser. 2, v, p. 210.

Sample 18 (rare).

recorded from the Karroo by G. 8. West.

Genus HYDRODICTYON Roru.

1. Hydrodictyon africanum, Yamanouchi, Bot. Gaz., lv, 1918, pp. 74—

79, figs. 1-6.

Sample 20 (N.B.—This is not the same locality as that from which

Yamanouchi has recorded the species).

The material was in an early stage of development, the broadly oval

coenocytes being arranged to form marked nets. Long. coenocyt.,

1430-1650 y; lat. coenocyt. ad med., 715-780 p. <A few slightly

older stages, in which the constriction between the coenocytes was

more pronounced, were also observed. This species is evidently quite

common in the Cape Peninsula, as the writer has material from various

localities and hopes to be able to extend Yamanouchi’s description in a

subsequent communication.

(5) CHLORELLACEAE.

Genus TROCHISCIA Kverzina.

1. Trochiscia aspera (Reinsch), Hansgirg, Ueb. d. Suesswasseralg.-

Gatt. Trochiscia, etc., Hedwigia, xxvii, 1888, p. 128 (Syn.: Acantho-

coccus asper, Reinsch).

Sample 21 (rare).

506 Annals of the South African Museum.

(6) OOCYSTACEAE.

Genus OOCYSTIS Nagrcent.

1. Oocystis solitaria, Wittrock, in Wittr. et Nordst., Alg. exsice.,

No. 244, Bot. Notiser, 1879, p. 27; Printz, Uebers. ueb. Ge (Gratte

Oocystis, Nyt. Mag. f. Naturvidenskab., li, 1913, p. 183, Tab. V,

figs. 36-39.

Samples 29, 29a, 30, 30a, 31, 33, 39 (rare in the last).

Long. cell., 19-34 p; lat. cell., 11-20 ». Except in sample 39,-very

few colonies were observed.

2. Oocystis rupestris, Kirchner, Beitr. z. Algenfl. v. Wuertem-

bere, p, 169) Tab. My die, 2): Printz, “op. cit. p. 174, Vab. a,

figs. 7-9.

Sample 44 (common).

Long. cell., 11-25 p; lat. cell., 6-12 p.

3. Oocystis naegelii, A. Braun, Alg. unicell., ete., 1855, p. 94;

Printz, op. cit., p. 178, Tab. V, fig. 64.

Sample 39 (rare).

(7) SCENEDESMACEAE.

GENUS SCENEDESMUS Meyen.

1. Seenedesmus obliquus (Turp.), Kuetzing, Syn. Diat., Linnaea,

vill, 1833, p. 609; Brunnthaler, Syst. Uebers. ueb. d. Chloroph.

Gatt. Scenedesmus, Mevyen, Hedwigia, lili, p. 165, fig. 1 (Syn.: 8.

acutus, Meyen).

Samples 34, 39.

Var. dimorphus, Rabenhorst, Flor. Europ. Alg., ete., 11, 1868,

p. 64 (Fig. 7, c-d).

Samples 4, 14, 15, 48.

Previously recorded from South Africa by Wille and by G. 8. West

from Gansfontein, Ceres Division.

For comments on the relation between this form and S. acwminatus

(Lagerh.), Chodat, see under the latter species. In sample 34 there

occurred the form known as Dactylococcus infusionum, Naegeli, which

is now almost generally regarded as a stage of S. obliquaus.

2. Scenedesmus acuminatus (Lagerh.), Chodat, Aleues vertes, ete.,

1902, p. 211, Fig. 88. (Syn.: 8. falcatus, Chodat, Nuova Notarisia,

1895, p. 89; Selenastrum acuminatum, Lagerheim, Ofvers. K. Vet.-

Akad. Foerhandl., 1882, No. 2, p. 71, Tab. II, figs. 27-30). (Fig. 7, a).

fon]

The Freshwater Alyae of Africa. 507

Samples 14, 15.

Long. cell., 24-34 pw; lat. cell., 3-45 p. The Alga in question

always consisted of four acuminate cells, with hyaline tips, the two

middle ones straight, with flat outer and curved inner faces, the two

outside ones more or less strongly curved (Fig. 7, a). No other

number or arrangement of the cells was observed, except for single

cells or groups of two or three, no doubt produced by breaking up of

the colonies. It should particularly be emphasised that the attenua-

Fia. 7.—a. Scenedesmus acuminatus (Lagerh.), Chod. 6. Front view,

and e, end view of S. quadricauda (Turp.), Bréb. var. dispar (Bréb.),

Brunnthaler. ec. Ordinary form, and'd, extreme form of 8. obliquus

(Turp.), Kuetz. var. dimorphus, Rabenh. All figures x 900.

tion of the cells extends almost continuously from the middle to the

two ends, and that the prolonged apices are always colourless, the

chloroplast only occupying the broader part of the cell. In most cases

this is due to the fact that the acuminate ends are strongly thickened,

the lumina being more or less completely obliterated. In my material

the four cells were always placed edge to edge, but Lagerheim (loc.

cit.), Chodat (loc. cit.), and Turner (Freshwater Algae of Hast

India, K. Sv. Vet.-Ak. Handl., xxv, No. 5, 1892, Tab. XX, fig. 30)

show them as partly overlapping.

It appears from specimens* examined at the British Museum that

this species has a tendency to depart from the typical Scenedesmus-

grouping and at times to show quite an irregular bunching of the

cells. Itis probably this feature which has led to its being inter-

* Viz. Wittrock et Nordstedt, Ale. exsice., No. 441 ; Wittrock, Nordstedt, et

Lagerheim, Alg. exsice., No. 1242; and Hauck et Richter, Phycol. universalis,

No, 692. Some of these show 8-celled biseriate colonies of S. acuminatus.

508 Annals of the South African Museum.

preted as a Selenastrum by Lagerheim and others. In all the

specimens examined, however, the irregular groups of cells did not

partake of the character of a Selenastrum, in which it is characteristic

for the cells to be arranged back to back; rather, in these irregular

forms of S. acuminatus, the cells are arranged anyhow (which of

course may include an occasional Selenastruin-like grouping) and bear

more resemblance to an Ankistrodesmus (Raphidium) than to a Sele-

nastrum. Moreover, in Selenastrwm the chloroplast appears to fill the

cell completely.

The form figured by West in his British Freshwater Algae

(p. 225, Fig. 95, E-G), under the name of Selenastrum acuminatum,

Lagerh., does not appear to me to be the same as the form originally

described and figured by Lagerheim under that name. The grouping

is that typical of a Selenastrum, the cells are often much more strongly

curved, and they do not have hyaline tips, the cell-contents extending

to the very apex. This form I have also seen at the British Museum

(on a slide labelled “No. 852, Bowness, Lake District, W. & G. 8.

West’). For West's form I suggest the name of Selenastrum westit,

nov. nom.

Brunnthaler (op. cit., p. 170) regards Scenedesmus dimorphus, Kuet-

zing (= S. obliquus (Turp.), Kuetz., var. dimorphus, Rabenh.) as

synonymous with S. aeuminatus (Lagerh.), Chod. There can be no

doubt that some of the forms described as S. obliquus, var. dimorphus,

are referable to S. acuminatus (e.g. the form in Fig. 10, p. 274, in E.

Teiling, Schwed. Planktonalg., I, Bot. Tidsskrift, vi, 1912), but it

seems open to question whether the true var. dimorphus of S. obliquus

is not really distinct from S. acwminatus. There are the following

important differences between these two forms. In S. obliquus, var.

dimorphus, the tips appear more definitely as outgrowths of the cells

(ef. Fig. 7, c and d), the latter narrowing down rather suddenly to

produce them, Further, the central cells are fusiform, with both inner

and outer surfaces curved (Fig. 7, c, d), whereas in S. aewminatus the

outer surfaces are always flat; the outer cells in the var. dimorphus

have the outer faces flat for a considerable distance and are not

uniformly curved as in S. acuminatus. Finally, the outgrowths are in

general far shorter (Fig. 7, ¢), and only rarely attain to a length

approaching that found in S. acwminatus (Fig. 7, d).

3. Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turp.), Brébisson, Alg. Falaise,

1835, p. 66; Brunnthaler, op. cit., p. 168, Fig. 16.

Forma typica.

Samples 14, 15, 18, 39, 48.

The Freshwater Alque of Africa. 509

Recorded from jthe Holle River, Calvinia Division, by G. S. West ;

from the Cape by Beinsch.

Var. dispar (Bréb.), Brunnthaler, op. cit.. pp. 168, 171 (Syn.: S.

dispar, Bréb.) (Fig. 7, b and e).

Sample 48 (together with the type, not uncommon).

This certainly appears to be only a variety of S. guadricauda. The

degree of development of the spines is rather variable; in some cases

they are so short that it is difficult to recognise them.

4. Scenedesmus bijugatus (Turp.), Kuetz., Syn. Diat., Joe. cit.,

p. 607. (Syn.: S. obtusus, Meyen).

Var. seriatus, Chodat, Alg. vertes, etc., p. 212.

Samples 4, 8 (here common), 9, 10.

Var. alternans (Reinsch), Hansgirg, Prodr. Algenfl. v. Boehmen,

1886, p. 114; Chodat, loc. cit., p. 218. (Syn.: S. alternans, Reinsch).

Samples 39, 48, 50.

The type has been recorded from Papekuil, Ceres Division and

Little Namaqualand, by G.S. West.

5. Scenedesmus cohaerens, nu. sp. (Fig. 8).

Coloniae maximae, e 4 vel numerosis (usque 100) cellulis quaterne

dispositis constantes. Cellulae oblongo-ellipticae, polis rotundatis vel

paullo acutis, a vertice visae rotundae; membrana paullo inerassata,

polis incrassatis ; contentus cellularum non satis cognitus, pyrenoide

nullo, chromatophora facile dissoluta. Divisio cellularum semper

perpendiculariter in axe longitudinali in 4 partes fit; cellulae filiales

intra membranam maternam (quae diu visibilis est) manent et mox

similiter dividuntur. Qua ratione coloniae magnae laminaeformes

oriuntur. Cellulae fihales plerumque in planitie eadem qua cellula

materna dividunt, sed interdum per loci mutationem alterutrius

cellulae filialis altera planitierum divisionis in altera perpendicularis

est. Propagatio dissolutione coloniae magnae in colonias quadricellu-

lares seu cellulas singulas fit.

Dimensiones cellularum: 10 x 45, 18 x 6, 20 x9, 22 x 11,

24 x 12; crass. cell., ca. 75; lat. coloniarum quadricellularum,

18-37 p.

Samples 42, 44.

This remarkable species occurs in various forms or stages of

development, viz. as single cells, small four-celled colonies, and huge

plate-like colonies of anything up to 100 cells (ef. Fig. 8,a). The

development of the latter can be easily followed up. The single

cells (Fig. 8, ¢) are elliptic-oblong in shape, with rounded or slightly

510 Annals of the South African Museum.

“@e\r*.

= 6

env

lo N

Go U 1}

) Ui) 0)

A GU)

| |

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. Bll

pointed ends, and a membrane which, in older cells, shows two distinct

layers and slight thickening at the poles, although at first uniformly

thin. Such cells give rise to four-celled stages by division of the

contents into four at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the

mother-cell (Fig. 8,7). At first the membrane of the latter preserves

its elliptical outline and can easily be traced right round; the polar

thickenings are also very plain in such stages (Fig. 8,7). Later,

however, as the daughter-cells increase in size, the membrane becomes

bulged out opposite the cells and appears invaginated between them,

and it is now not always easy to trace it all the way round (Fig. 8,

d and e). The original polar thickenings are always more or less

obvious, and are also plainly seen im end-views (Fig. 8, 6) ; the latter

show the cells to be spherical in section. After reaching a certain

size the daughter-cells in their turn divide (always in a plane at right

angles to that of the mother-cells). By a repetition of this process

large plate-like colonies gradually arise, like those shown in Fig. 8,

aandg. The membrane of the original mother-cell is even recognisable

in such late stages (Fig. 8, a, f, 4), but the walls of the successive

daughter-cells are not by any means so plainly evident, and appear to

undergo gelatinisation at an early stage. In many cases all the

daughter-cells lie in the same plane (Fig. 8, a and g), but colonies

are not rarely to be found in which some of the secondary groups lie

in a plane perpendicular to that of the others (Fig. 8, f). This

appears to be due to a shifting of one or more of the products of

a certain stage of the division-process through a right angle, the

actual division, as far as I have seen, always taking place in a plane

at right angles to that of the momentary mother-cell. As the figures

show, one or more of the cells of a given group not uncommonly fail

to divide (Fig. 8, a, f, q).

Fic. 8.—Scenedesmus cohaerens, n. sp. a. Large mature colony, in which

only three of the original cells of the four-celled mother-colony have

divided (the undivided one is on the left); in the second group from

the right the uppermost cell has again failed to divide. 6. Four-celled

colony, seen from the end, showing the investing membrane of the

original mother-cell. c. Single cell. d and e. Mature four-celled

colonies, in which the investing membrane of the mother-cell is plainly

visible, as well as the lateral (originally polar) thickenings ; in e the

right-hand cell has escaped from the surrounding membrane. /. A

young colony, produced from a four-celled one by division of three

of the cells, two of these having shifted through a right angle, so

that the four-celled groups produced by them are in a plane perpen-

dicular to that of the original colony. g. A large mature colony, show-

ing various phases of division. 4. Diagram to explain the formation

of the large plate-like colonies; I-IV, 1-4, and a-d various steps in

the process of subdivision. 7. A young four-celled colony in which the

mother-cell membrane is not as yet distended by the growth of the

daughter-célls. All figures except h x 750.

512 Annals of the South African Museum.

Reproduction takes place by breaking up of the large colonies into

four-celled groups or by the liberation of single cells (Fig. 8, e).

The cell-contents were very poorly preserved. I have been unable

to recognise a pyrenoid, nor am I able to state the nature of the

chloroplast ; the latter apparently readily fragments into two or more

parts (Fig. 8, a and q).

As regards shape of cells, this species comes very near to SN. bijyugatus

(Turp.), Kuetz., but it differs from all known species of the genus in

the cohesion of successive generations of cells to form giant colonies.

Moreover, the method of division is different.

Selk (Beitr. z. Kenntn. d. Algenfl. d. Elbe u. ihres Gebietes,

Jahrb. Hamburg. Wiss. Anst., xxv, 1907, 3 Beiheft, p. 6 et seq.)

appears to have observed a similar form bearing the characteristics

of S. hystriz, Lagerh., although it is not quite clear from his deserip-

tion whether the colonies are produced in exactly the same way. He

describes it as a forma cohaerens of S. hystrix, regarding it merely as

a growth-form.

Genus SELENASTRUM Retrnscu.

1. Selenastrum gracile, Reinsch, Abbandl. Naturhist. Ges. Nuern-

berg, 11, 1866, p. 65, Tab. IV, fig. 3, a—b.

Samples 14, 15.

Genus COELASTRUM Nascent.

1. Coelastrum sphaericum, Naegeli, Gatt. einzell. Algen, 1849, p. 98,

Tab. avs C, figs

Sample 39 (rare).

Recorded from the Karroo by G. 8. West.

2. Coelastrum microporum, Naegeli, im A. Braun, Alg. unicell.,

etc., 1855, p. 70; Senn, Bot. Zeit., lvii, 1899, p. 53, Pl. II, figs. 11-17.

Sample 57 (very rare).

3. Coelastrum morus, W. & G. S. West, Algae from Central

Africa, Journ. Bot., xxxiv, 1896, p. 381, Tab. 361, fig. 4.

Forma capensis, noy. form. (Fig. 9 )

Cellulis varie dispositis, verrucis paucioribus et inter se remotis.

Diam. cell., 10-ll pp; altit. verrucae, 2-2°5 p.

Samples 14 (rare), 15 (rather common, epiphytic, and even endo-

phytic in the stratum of Phormidium valderianum).

There seems little doubt that this form was actively multiplying

within the stratum of the Phormidium in sample 15, although some

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. ols

of the colonies were quite free. The spherical cells are connected

together by processes which are broader and shorter than the warts

which occur on the free surface of the cells (Fig. 9, ac). These

warts were emarginate-truncate, as in the specimens recorded by

Messrs. W. & G. 8S. West; but they were certainly fewer (the

largest number observed on a single cell being 16) and further apart

(cf. Fig. 9). In many cases they appear to widen out slightly from

the base. The length of these warts varies considerably in different

specimens, the dimensions given above being the maximum ones.

Fic. 9.—Coelastrum morus, W.and G.S. West, forma capensis, nov. form.

a,c,d. Various forms of the colonies; in d the colony is still enclosed

within the membrane of the mother-cell. b. Single cell, showing warts

and the broad process for attachment to neighbouring cells; the con-

tents are undergoing division. b'. Cell in optical section, showing the

thick membrane. All figures x 750.

The cells were grouped in very various ways, which is probably

aresult of the mode of life. Apart from typical Coelastrwm-groupings

(Fig. 9, d), irregular colonies were frequent (Fig. 9, ¢). Not un-

commonly the cells were found in two superposed groups of four

(Fig. 9, a), the four cells of each tier being separated in the middle

by a quadrilateral space, so that a surface-view of such a colony

appeared much lke a Crucigenia. The details of the cell-contents

were not very clear, but the cells appeared to have a single pyrenoid.

The membrane is strongly thickened (Fig. 9, 6’).

Genus DICTYOSPHAERIUM Nascent.

1. Dictyosphaerium ehrenbergianum, Naegeli, Gatt. einzell. Algen.,

1849, p. 74, Tab. II, E.

Sample 14 (very rare).

514 Annals of the South Africun Musewm.

Genus ANKISTRODESMUS Corpa.

(RHAPHIDIUM Kuerrz.)

1. Ankistrodesmus faleatus (Corda), Ralfs, Brit. Desin., 1848, p. 180.

(Syn.: Rhaphidium fasciculatum, Isuetz.; LR. polymorphum, Fresen.,

var. faleatum, Rabenh.)

Samples 14, 51, 39, 48.

Var. spirilliformis, GS. West, Brit. Freshw. Algae, 1904, p. 224.

(Syn.: Rhaphidium polymorphum, Fresen., var. spirale, W. & G.S.

West, Notes on Freshw. Alg., I, Journ. Bot., xxxvi, 1898, p. 6.)

Samples 14, 32, 39.

Addenduin : Genus of doubtful position.

PLEUROCOCCUS, MEngEeu.

1. Plewrococeus antarcticus, W.& G.S. West, emend. EF. E. Fritsch,

Freshw. Alg., National Antarct. Exped., Nat. Hist. VI, 1912,

pe se

Forma simplex, F. E. Fritsch, loc. cit., p. 14, Pl. I, figs. 30, 31, 33.

Sample 42 (among Cyanophyceae).

Diam. cell., 16-25; crass. membr., 1:5-2'5y. Quite typical

specimens, with a thick, indistinctly stratified membrane and the

usual oil-drops. The cells were without pyrenoids.

2. Pleurococcus koetthizi, ¥. E. Fritsch, loc. cit., p. 15, Pl. I, figs.

36-42.

Sample 15 (on surtace of Phormidium valderianum, rather rare).

The discovery of this and the preceding species, both hitherto known

only from the Antarctic, in other parts of the Southern Hemisphere

is of some interest. The cells showed similar groupings, the same

distribution of fat, and the same dimensions as in the Antarctic

specimens. Oval cells were very common, and in a few cases the

contents were reddish (ef. loc. cit.).

The Freshwater Algae of Africa.

—_

(ec) ULOTRICHALES.

(1) ULOTRICHACEAE.

Genus ULOTHRIX Koverzine.

1. Ulothriz variabilis, Kuetzing, Spec. Algar., 1849, p. 346; Heering,

Ulotrichales, Microsporales, Oedogoniales, in A. Pascher, Suess-

wasserfl. Deutschlands, Oesterreichs, u. d. Schweiz, vi, 1914, p. 32,

fie. 27.

Samples 3 (rare), 8, 9, 10, 37.

Oxo

eae

6882900

0688980

ee PS

eae

Fia. 10.—Ulothria« oscillarina, Kuetz. A-C. Filaments showing formation

of akinetes. D. Filament showing splitting. Allfigures x 800.

2. Ulothrix subtilissima, Rabenhorst, Krypt. Flor. v. Sachs., ete., I

1863, p. 263; Heering, op. cit., p. 31, fig. 26.

Samples 19, 50.

The form in sample 50 had thick gelatinous walls.

3. Ulothrix oscillarina, Kuetzing, op. cit., p. 346; Heering, op. cit.,

p. 32 (fig. 10).

Samples 56 and 57 (common).

I believe I am right in referring the material in these samples to

this little-known species. The filaments were rather variable in width,

many of them being 10-11 p», but others as narrow as 7 or 8p. The

cells in many of the filaments were very flat (one-third to half as long

as broad) (cf. Fig. 10, A), whilst in others they were much longer

516 Annals of the South African Museum.

(Fig. 10, D) (up to twice as long as broad). The chloroplast appeared

as a broad, girdle-shaped band, covering more than half the cireum-

ference of the cell, and, in many cases at least, contained two pyrenoids.

The cell-wall always appeared to be more or less mucilaginous (in

some cases so markedly so that the longitudinal edges of the filaments

were ill-defined, ef. Fig. 10, Band D). There was sometimes a very

faint constriction between the cells. In most of these respects there

is agreement with the diagnosis in Heering (op. cit.). Wille (Bidr.

t. Sydamerikas Aleflora, I-III, Bih. K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl., viii,

No. 18, 1884, Tab. IIT, figs. 96-98) also figures this species with cells

of very variable length, faint constriction, and gelatinous walls.

Moreover, the habitat is a likely one for the species.

At rare intervals the filaments widened out considerably, and here

consisted of more than a single row of cells. At these points rather

irregular division appeared to have taken place, as the cells were not

arranged in an orderly manner. The walls were always strongly

mucilaginous at such places.

Tn quite a considerable number of the filaments akinete-formation

was taking place. These akinetes were either produced singly (Fie.

10, A, B), or in chains (Fig. 10, C), often of some length. The single

akinetes were always absolutely spherical; those produced in chains

were often a little flattened where in contact with one another, or

showed an oval shape, being elongated either in the transverse or the

longitudinal direction. Each akinete was provided with a firm, thick

membrane, and had opaque, more or less homogeneous contents. The

diameter of these akinetes (without the surrounding mucilage-sheath)

was on the average 12 ». Many of them appeared to have undergone

division into two (Fig. 10, B).

Ina number of the filaments obvious splitting into short lengths

of several cells was taking place (Fig. 10, D). Altogether, although

there were some very long filaments, the majority were of no very

considerable length.

4. Ulothrix gelatinosa, n. sp. (Fig. 11.)

Filis vegetativis juvenalibus 10-15, latis, inter cellulas saepe

leviter constrictis, cellulis 3-4 plo longioribus quam latis, membrana

incrassata non lamellata, 1°5-3 crassa; filis vegetativis senioribus

25-87 » latis, inter cellulas interdum constrictis, cellulis tam longis

quam latis vel dimidio latioribus, membrana valde incrassata gela-

tinosa non lamellata, 5-9 crassa. Chromatophora in cellulis,

junioribus in media cellula modo cinguli, margimibus integris; in

cellulis senioribus tota cellula plena est chromatophora, quae est

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 517

eadem forma, sed semper cum marginibus in processibus plus minus

elongatis productis, ita ut in Chaetophoraceis; pyrenoide singulo vel

pluribus. Nucleo centrali. Propagatio ?

Sample 4.

‘Ay

Mul ;

Fig. 11.—Ulothrix gelatinosa, n. sp. a. Middle-aged, 6 young, and ¢

mature filaments; d, e, and g filaments in various stages of develop-

ment ; /, single cell of a mature filament showing the character of the

chloroplast, ete. In Fig. b, the type of chloroplast, typical of the young

filament, is shown; in Figs. a, c, and f that typical of the mature con-

dition; whilst Figs. d,e,and g represent intermediate conditions. The

central nucleus is shown in many of the cells; both nucleus and pyre-

noids are seen in Fig. f. All figures x 600.

This species is characterised by the very marked gelatinisation of

the walls in the older filaments, as well as by the shape of the chloro-

plast. The latter is at first a curved median girdle (like that of many

other species of the genus), occupying only a small part of the length

of the cell, and extending for rather more than half way round the

518 Annals of the South African Museum.

circumference (Fig. 11, ). Sooner or later, however, this chloroplast

becomes drawn out at either end into a number of processes, which

extend the entire length of the cell, so that at this stage the chloro-

plast fills the whole of the latter (Fig. 11, a, c-g); it will be plain

from the figures that this development of che chloroplast does not

go hand in hand with the gelatinisation of the longitudinal walls

(cf. especially Fig. 11, g). The number of processes of the chloro-

plast seems to vary between four and six, and they often run to a

more or less marked point (cf. Fig. 11, c). At this stage the chloro-

plast is very similar to that of many Chaetophoraceae, especially

that of Draparnaldia, in which, however, the processes are generally

more numerous. Even in the older stages the main body of the

chloroplast retains its girdle-form (Fig. 11, a,c). In the young

stage the chloroplast appears to have but a single pyrenoid, but

later on there are certainly several small ones (Fig. 11, f). The

round nucleus is relatively large and occupies a central position

Chie sas 1.77)

In the young filaments the cells are several (3-4) times longer than

broad (Fig. 11, b,e, g), but, as gelatinisation of the longitudinal walls

proceeds, the cells become shorter, their breadth at this stage often

exceeding their length (Fig. 11, a,c). The longitudinal walls may at

first be quite thin (Fig. 1], g), but thickening sets in sooner or later

(cf. Fig. 11, d and e). The original septa, produced before this

thickening occurs, are even in the mature filaments found extending

right across from one edge to the other, but the septa subsequently

formed do not do so (Fig. 11, ¢). In the fairly young filament there is

often distinct constriction between some of the cells (Fig. 11, b ande).

These points of constriction persist, even in the mature condition,

but there are no constrictions evident between the later-formed cells

(Fig.11,a,¢). The original points of constriction appear, in the older

filaments, to mark places of weakness, at which the filaments readily

split, and this may possibly represent one method of reproduction

of this species (Fig. 11, ¢). The thickening of the longitudinal

walls is very markedly mucilaginous, but the bounding cuticle always

remains distinct (cf. Fig. 11); there is no indication of stratification

in these walls at any stage. The transverse walls do not in general

become markedly mucilaginous, although slight gelatinisation is not

infrequent.

As far as Iam aware the type of chloroplast characteristic of the

mature filaments of this species has not hitherto been observed in the

genus Ulothriz, or for the matter of that in any member of the

Ulotrichaceae This, taken together with the very marked gelatinisation

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 519

of the longitudinal walls and the possible occurrence of reproduction

by fission, may ultimately warrant the establishment of a distinct

genus for this species.

Genus HORMIDIUM K.ueps.

(ULOTHRIX, sect. HORMIDIUM, Kuetz.)

1. Hormidium subtile (Kuetz. ?), Heering, Suesswasserfl. Deutsch-

lands, Oesterreichs, u.d. Schweiz, vi, 1914, p. 47, fig. 54. (Syn. :

fo)

Fig. 12.—Hormidium subtile (Kuetz. ?), Heering. a. Part of an ordinary

filament. b-d. Stages in splitting. All figures x 800.

Stichococcus subtilis, Klercker, Ueb. zwei Wasserformen v. Sticho-

coccus, Flora, Ixxxii, 1896, p. 92 et seq., Tab. VI, figs. 1-8; Ulothriz

subtilis, Kuetz. pro parte). (Fig. 12.)

Samples 56, 57.

It would appear that comprised in Kuetzing’s Ulothriz subtilis

there are two distinct forms, viz. a true Ulothriz with quadriciliate

macrozoospores, and another aquatic form with biciliate* macrozoo-

* Cf. Hazen, Ulotrich. and Chaetoph. United States, Mem. Torrey Bot.

Club, xi, 1902, pp. 158, 159.

520 Annals of the South African Museum.

spores (such forms being included as Psewdulothriz by Pascher, Stud.

ueb. d. Schwaermer einig. Suesswasseralgen, Bibl. Botan., Heft. 67,

1907, p. 106). Heering (/oc. cit.) includes this and other biciliate

species in the genus Hormidium, a number of whose species are

terrestrial. He bases this on the fact, that these latter species of

Hormidium likewise have biciliate macrozoospores, and on certain

other resemblances in cell-structure and mode of reproduction between

the two sets of forms.

The specimens in samples 56 and 57 agree in habitat and characters

altogether with the figures and description given by Klercker and

Heering. The cell-wall is delicate; the cells vary froma little longer

than broad to three times as long as broad, and are from 5 to 75 p in

diameter. The chloroplast is very characteristic, being a circular or

elliptical plate, according to the shape of the cell, and containing a

small, pale, central pyrenoid (cf. Fig. 12). It seems likely that the

elliptical shape of the chloroplast presages division. The extent of the

chloroplast is very variable ; sometimes it almost fills the cell, in other

cases only part of it. Curious knee-like bendings are not uncommon and

appear to mark stages in the splitting of the threads (Fig. 12, b-d).

2. Hormidium rivulare, Kuetzing, Phycol. german., 1845, p. 192 ;

Heering, op. cit., p. 47, Fig. 56. (Syn.: Ulothriz rivularis, Kuetzing,

Spec. Ale.,° 1849, p. 346; Hormiscia hieronymi, Lemmermann, Zur

Algenfl, d. Riesengebirges, forschungsber. a. d. Biol. Stat. Ploen, iv,

1896, p. 104).

Sample 50 (Fig. 18); resting-stages in samples 22, 38, and 39

(Fig. 14).

This is a more robust form than H. subtile, the diameter of the fila-

ments, in the present material, being 7-10 p; the cells are as long as

broad or up to twice as long. ‘The walls are considerably thickened

(Fig. 13), even the septa being affected in some cases. There is a

faint constriction between the cells. The chloroplast is nearly always

circular (Fig. 18) and only oecupies a small part of the length of the

cell, being situated either in the middle or near one end. ‘The pyre-

noid is more prominent than in H. swbtile. In many cases the chloro-

plast exhibits two lateral arms projecting from the circular main

portion on either side (Fig. 18, a, c, d) ; all transitions from a purely

circular chloroplast (Fig. 13, b) to one showing pronounced arms can

be found. Knee-like bendings (Fig. 13, e) were not as frequent as in

the previous species.

This and the preceding species, together with Hormidium fluitans

(Gay), Heering (Stichococeus fluitans, Gay, Bull. Soc. Bot. d. France, >a

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 521

p- clxxiv) constitute the aquatic members of the genus Hormidium, as

enumerated by Heering (op. cit. p. 47). Apart from the character of

the zoospores and the Hormidium-like aspect of the cells, the species

Fig. 13.—Hormidium rivulare, Kuetz., ordinary filaments.

Fig. e shows a

knee-like bending.

All figures x 750.

in question also differ from Ulothriz in the occurrence of ready

splitting of the filaments and in the nature of the chloroplast.

Although the latter is not properly known in H. flwitans,* in the other

two species it differs markedly from that of Ulothriz in its circular or

* 'To judge by the figures in ‘I’. E. Hazen, Ulotrich. and Chaetoph. United

States (Mem. Torrey Bot. Club, xi, 1902, Pl. XXII, figs. 7-9), however, the

chloroplast is not nearly so sharply defined in this species.

522 Annals of the South African Museum.

elliptical shape. This distinctive character of the chloroplast

strengthens the grounds for separating these species from Ulothria,

but it also raises the question, whether an inclusion in the genus

Hormidium, which has a chloroplast more like that ef Ulothriz, is

advisable. It may be that a distinct genus should be established to

accommodate these species, but before arriving at a conclusion on this

point I prefer to await examination of material of H. flwitans. Atten-

tion may be drawn to the fact that special forms of chloroplasts are

not unknown in the Ulotrichales, a good instance being furnished by

Fig. 14.—Hormidium rivulare, Kuetz. Resting-stages from sample 22. a,

b, and c represent progressively younger stages. All figures x 1000.

the genus Mesogerron (F. Brand, Hedwigia, xxxviii, 1899, pp. 181-184),

which shows some remote points of resemblance to the species just

discussed. The genus Stichococcus is probably best restricted to those

species in which a filamentous tendency is little marked, the cells

being isolated and only, at times, forming short threads.

In samples 22 and 38, and more rarely in 39, there occurred a fila-

mentous form, which I take to represent a resting-stage of H. rivulare

(Fig. 14), the more as ordinary filaments of this species were inter-

mingled with it and various transitional conditions could be found.

The filaments (diam. 10 4) have the appearance of having passed

through a resting-stage, involving the formation of akinetes, but un-

accompanied by any dissociation of the threads. In part the walls of

The Freshwater Algae of Ajrica. 523

the threads were almost uniformly thickened all round (Fig. 14, ¢), but

in most cases the transverse septa were especially strongly thickened,

assuming a biconcave form (Fig. 14, b); sometimes a faint stratifica-

tion of the thickening could be recognised. In others of the filaments

the longitudinal walls had undergone rupture at many points, a new

membrane having appeared around the cell-contents and elongation

having taken place, with or without division (Fig. 14, a). The original

thickened biconcave septa, with the adhering strips of the longitudinal

walls, look very much like H-pieces and led me at first to interpret.

the material as a species of Microspora. The tapering ends of these

strips often stood off from the surface of the filaments and gave them a

ragged appearance (Fig. 14, a). The cells were in part very short,

sometimes half as long as broad. The character of the chloroplast,

where it could be distinctly seen, agreed with that of the vegetative

filaments of this species (cf. Fig. 14, ¢).

In 1895, Schmidle (Weitere Beitr. z. Algenfl. d. Rheinebene u. d.

Schwarzwaldes, Hedwigia, xxxiv, 1895, p. 69, figs. 4-5) described a

form under the name of Microspora lauterborni, which bears a consider-

able resemblance to the stages just described ; the habitat is also some-

what similar. The principal difference lies in the fact that the

filaments in Schmidle’s species are often spiral in their course and that

his figures show distinct H-shaped ends to the threads. Schmidle does

not describe or figure the cell-contents, so that his reference of this

species to Microspora must be regarded as somewhat uncertain. It is

not impossible that it is a stage similar to that above described,

although whether it belongs to our species or to another is difficult o

settle.

(5) MICROSPORACEAE.

Genus MICROSPORA Tuurer.

1. Microspora pachyderma (Wille), Lagerheim, Zur Entwickel.

eiig. Confervaceen, Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges., v, 1887, p. 415. (Syn. :

Conferva pachyderma, Wille).

Samples 11, 12, 15.

Diam. fil., 9-11 p». The filaments were in part provided with a

brown incrustation of iron compounds, which is a character of the

nearly allied M. rufescens (Kuetz.), Lagerh.; in other respects, how-

ever, they approached more closely to M. pachyderma.

524, Annals of the South African Museum.

(6) CLADOPHORACEAE.

Genus RHIZOCLONIUM Kverzina.

1. Rhizoclonium hieroglyphicum (Kuetz.), Stockmayer, Ueb. d.

Algengatt. Rhizoclonium, Verh. k.k. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien., xl, 1890,

p- 578; Kuetzing, Phyc. germ., 1845, p. 206.

Sample 47 (uncommon).

Previously recorded by Wille from South Africa.

Genus CLADOPHORA KveErzina.

1. Cladophora qlomerata (.), Kuetzing, Phye. germ., 1845, p. 212.

Samples 29, 29a, 30a, 31, 33 (in all of these attached to Myrio-

phyllum, etc.), 54 (?), 55 (2).

2. Cladophora crispata (Roth), Kuetzing, Phye. generalis, 1843,

p. 264.

Sample 45 (forma ?).

I do not feel certain of the specific determination of this form. The

material consisted of coarse, stout, main branches (diam. up to 150 ),

with a thick stratified membrane. From many of these main branches

secondary ones, always definitely lateral, arose from the upper end of

every cell. These secondary branches were slender (diam. 22-27 ), had

a relatively thin membrane, and were invariably more or less markedly

pointed. The majority of these secondary branches consisted of but

a single cell, but here and there longer ones were encountered, such

branches being very frequently curved. Ramification of the main

branches was not very common, and was either lateral or dichotomous.

(7) SPHAEROPLEACEAE.

Genus SPHAEROPLEA Acarpu.

1. Sphaeroplea africana, au. sp. (Figs. 15, 16.)

Filis vegetativis latis, inter celiulas plerumque evidenter constrictis,

cellulis valde elongatis, 6-18 plo longioribus quam latis, saepe plus

minus doliformibus, chromatophoris parvis et numerosis, in annulis

vel saepe irregulariter (varo spiraliter) dispositis, pyrenoidibus sparsis,

nucleis parvis numerosis, membrana longitudinali tenui, septis plus

minus incrassatis, e processibus digitatis irregularibus introrsum

crescentibus constantibus. Oogonia cum oosphaeris sphaericis

numerosissimis varie dispositis, foraminibus paucis et parvis saepe

The Freshwater Algae of Africa.

Fic. lis — Sphaeroplea africana, n. sp. A and B. Parts of two “cells”

showing the varied disposition of the contents; ch. Chloroplasts ;

n. Nucleus; p. Pyrenoid; the nuclei are shown black, the chloro-

plasts shaded. C. Small part of a filament, to show the customary

constriction at the septa; at the lower end a part of an oogonium,

with a number of oospores, is seen. D. Single septum, seen from the

surface, showing the ingrowing finger-like processes. EH, Septum in

optical section. FF. Imperfect septum. G. Early stage in septum-

formation. H. Oblique view of septum, showing its structure and

the apparent continuity of the protoplasm through it. All figures

x 550, except Fig. C, which is x 130.

526 Annals of the South African Museum.

transverse elongatis. Antheridia non satis cognita, monoica vel dioica.

Oosporae sphaericae vel ovales, membrana incrassata alata, bi- vel raro

tri- vel quadri-angulares. Post fecundationem membrana tenuis arcta

oosporam induit; intra eam membrana matura oosporae evolvit, postea

membrana prior rumpit et in vicinitate manet.

Lat. cell. veg. in media parte, 42-78); lat. cell. veg. in septis

19-54 pp; lat. oogon., 39-60 p; lat. oosph., 10-21 p» (plerumque

13-217 4)5> lat: oosp. a: latere, 20°x 12, 27% 1b, 27 < 18.33 x Zilia

lat. oosp. a superficie cum ala, 21, 24, 24 x 22, 25, 25 x 21, 28 x 24,

30 p.

Samples 17, 18.

Apart from Hydrodictyon africanum, this is probably the most

interesting form that the freshwater algal flora of South Africa has

yet yielded.

The unbranched filaments are of very considerable length and con-

sist of “cells,” which are in general much elongated (12-18 times as

loug as broad), although very short ones are occasionally met with.

In the majority of cases the “cells” are much narrower at the septa

than in the middle, so that their shape is more or less that of an

elongated barrel (Fig. 15, C) ; these customary dimensions are illus-

trated by the table on p. 528. Filaments are, however, also found in

which this constriction at the septa is scarcely marked, and even the

reverse is occasionally encountered, the threads being widest at the

septa (e.g. in two eases noted the width of the threads at the septa

was 40 and 45 p respectively, the width of the appropriate “cells,”

at their iniddle, 20 and 30 1 respectively).

The chlorophyll-apparatus is composed of numerous small irregular

grains, only a smali percentage of which contain pyrenoids ; the latter

are rather large and spherical (Fig. 15, A and B). The chloroplasts

and pyrenoids stained readily with methyl blue. In general the

arrangement of the chlorophyll-apparatus is very irregular (Fig. 15, A),

although a disposition in transverse rings, such as is customary in

S. annulina (Roth), Ag., is not uncommon (Fig. 15, B). In a few

cases the chloroplasts were arranged in a spiral manner over short

stretches. The more or less irregular strands of protoplasm containing

the chloroplasts are separated from one another by large clear vacuoles

(Fig. 15, A and B). The rather irregular distribution of the chloro-

plasts, involving occasional massing at certain points, whilst some of

the small protoplasmic strands are quite devoid of them, hints at the

possibility of streaming of the protoplasm. Momentary staining with

Ehrlich’s haematoxylin and subsequent treatment with Orange G shows

numerous small nuclei of a deep purple colour, in contrast to the pale

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. Pa

bluish-purple of the chloroplasts (Fig. 15, A and B): the nuclei are

irregularly scattered among the chloroplasts.

The longitudinal walls are in general very thin, recalling those of a

Vaucheria. In some cases they exhibited a faint longitudinal striation,

but this is very probably due to contraction. The septa are of a very

peculiar character. In typical cases they appear to arise primarily by

the apposition of a complete ring of thickening on the inner side of the

longitudinal wall (cf. Fig. 16, G). From this primary ring a con-

siderable number of thick finger-like processes arise (Fig. 15, G) and

eradually grow inwards towards the centre (Fig. 15, D). Whether

a complete constriction of the protoplast is thereby effected must

remain doubtful. In many cases, at least, there is an obvious

central aperture, through which the protoplast, though much narrowed

down, extends uninterruptedly (Fig. 15, H). It was not uncommon to

find that the protoplast had contracted considerably away from the

walls, both longitudinal and transverse, but in such cases a mass of

protoplasm often remained clinging on one or both sides of the septum,

a fact which also speaks for continuity of the protoplasm. I have

also been unable to settle whether the finger-like processes fuse

laterally or whether narrow interspaces persist between them; there

is much to suggest that the latter is often the case, but the point

could only be settled finally by investigation of fresh material. In

some cases the septa appear as in Fig. 15, FH, and Fig. 16, H: here it

looks as though a secondary thickening membrane had been deposited,

on either side of the septum, and possibly in these cases a true septum

is ultimately constituted.

Apart from the normal “septa” just described, numerous irregu-

larities were observed. Very often the processes do not grow in a

regular radial manner towards the centre, but overlap and become

entangled with one another in various ways (Fig. 16, H, G, and H).

A not uncommon condition is that in which one or more of the pro-

cesses, either only on one or on both sides of the septum, after

erowing inwards in a radial direction, turns out at right angles,

leading to the development of a central hump, on one or both sides

(Fig. 16, F). Again, frequent instances were encountered, in which

successive processes arose near together from the longitudinal walls,

without forming a proper septum (Fig. 15, #). In extreme cases

(Fig. 16, J) this leads to the formation of very short “cells,” often

only a very small fraction of the normal length. Short knob-like

ingrowths, of a similar nature to the processes, are to be encountered

at many points in the course of the “cells ” (cf. Fig. 15, F).

The processes themselves appear to be homogeneous, although

528 Annals of the South African Museum.

oceasionally a very faint stratification was seen. In the normal septa

the processes gradually taper from without inwards (Fig. 15, D, H),

but very often they are irregularly thickened, certain parts, which

stand out as knobs or beads, being thicker than the rest.

The question may be raised whether this Sphaeroplea is really sep-

tate in the true sense of the word, and whether the apparent septa are

not merely transverse groups of strengthening bars, analogous to the

“ cellulose-strands””’ of Caulerpa. Some evidence has been produced

above to show that, normally, the “septa” are probably not closed,

and their mode of formation is certainly not comparable to that usually

found in filamentous Algae. ‘The diverse abnormal conditions

also lend countenance to the view that we are not dealing with real

septa.

The often marked inflation of the cells beyond the “ septa”’ (ef.

the table below) is probably an indication of the existence, in the

living Alga, of a considerable osmotic pressure, to which the thin

longitudinal walls would readily respond. The constricted septa

appear as so many points of strengthening, preventing an undue

inflation of the coenocyte. An investigation of fresh material would,

however, be necessary to establish the correctness of this view.

Table of Dimensions of Vegetative “ Cells” of S. africana.

(Dimensions in pL.)

Width at middle . 60 66 66 60 78 65 45 48 851 42 45 45

Width at septum . 383 45 30 54 51 36 Zit 36 19

It is obvious from Heinricher’s (Zur Kenntn. d. Algengatt.

Sphaeroplea, Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges., i, 1883, p. 433 et seq., Tab. XIT)

account that similar conditions obtain also in S. annulina (loc. cit.,

pp. 434, 435). Here, however, there appear to be no constrictions at

the septa, and I can find no exact evidence in Heinricher’s paper that

the latter are produced by a number of separate processes. A

Fie. 16.—Sphaeroplea africana, n. sp. A. A particularly elongated

oogonium, with numerous oospheres (0.). B. Oospores in various

stages of development. «a. In surface-view, showing the broad,

crinkled wing; b,inside-view; c, quadrangular; d, triangular oospore ;

d’, young oospore, showing the mode of development within the

thin membrane first formed. w. Wine. C. Small part of an

oogonium, with a number of mature oospores in surface- and side-view.

ap. One of the apertures in the wall of the oogonium. WD. Small part

of an oogonium, showing an aperture (ap.) in surface-view. FE, F, G,

and H. Various kinds of abnormal septa, cf. the text. J. Small part

of a filament, showing the abnormal formation of a very short cell (s).

Figs. A and J x 140, the remainder x 600.

The Freshwater Algae of Africa,

16,

Fia.

530 Annals of the South African Museum.

comparative investigation of the mode of septum-formation in the

two species would be of much interest.

The material of S. africana provided numerous oogonia, both unfer-

tilised and fertilised, and what were probably antheridia. The oogonia,

like the vegetative “cells,” are of very diverse length, and either

occurred singly or in short series. In general they are characterised

by the formation of a very large number of oospheres ; in the case

shown in Fig. 16, A there were 155 female cells present, and it is not

unlikely that this number may be exceeded. On the other hand,

oogonia are also to be found with a relatively small number of

oospheres. In such cases the latter are arranged in a single or double

row, Whilst, when numerous, the oospheres are in great part very

closely packed and may form a number of irregular longitudinal series

(Fig. 16, A). Sometimes they are polygonal through mutual pressure,

but mostly they are quite spherical. As a general rule, the entire

protoplast is used up in the production of the oospheres (as in

Fig. 16, A), but occasionally a small shrunken mass of protoplasm

remains. One or more central pyrenoids could be detected within the

oospheres. ‘The latter are relatively constant in diameter (18-21 )),

though in the large oogonia smaller oospheres are always to be found.

The apertures formed in the oogonial wall are not numerous, and are

small and often ill-defined ; they frequently show an irregular edge,

and commonly, at least, are not circular, but wider in the transverse

than in the longitudinal direction (e.g in one case 45 x 6 p)

(Fig. 16, C, D, ap.).

Hither in the same or in different filaments there occurred cells

with dense, fine, granular contents, and provided with apertures

similar to those of the oogonia. It is very hkely that these represent

the antheridia. Numerous small spindle-shaped bodies, observed in

some of these cells, may have been spermatozoids, but the cells in

question were not sufficiently well preserved to make sure of this

point.

It appears that, after fertilisation, the oospore becomes clothed by a

thin membrane which fits closely round the contents. Within this

the development of the membrane of the mature oospore takes place

(Fig. 16, B, d'), and, when the latter is completed, the first-formed

membrane is ruptured and cast off; in some of the oogonia such

empty primary membranes could be recognised in the neighbourhood

of almost every oospore.

The oospores are as closely packed as the oospheres (¢f. Fig. 16, C).

The contents are spherical or commonly oval (Fig. 16, B) and include

from one to three pyrenoids. They exhibited no special coloration, but

WwW

—

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. Oe

that may be due to the solvent action of the preservative. A large

number of ill-defined bodies in the contents are probably food-reserves.

The membrane is invariably winged, the normal type of oospore having

a single median wing, appearing circular or elliptical when seen from

the surface (Fig. 16, B, a, and C), and as two blunt outgrowths in

optical section (Fig. 16, B,b,and d'). In surface-view the wing shows

a fine crinkling, in the form of short wavy lines over its entire surface

(Fig. 16, B, a). Seen from the edge the part of the membrane, not

protruded into the wing, has a crenate outline (Fig. 16, B, b, d!).

Side by side with this type, which was by far the commonest, other

oospores could be found, in the same oogonium, in which the membrane

was protruded into three (Fig. 16, B, d) or even four (Fig. 16, B, ce)

outgrowths, although such forms are not exactly common.

In contrast to S. annulina (Roth), Ag., the new species is dis-

tinguished by (a) the customary irregular arrangement of the chloro-

phyll-apparatus; (6) the usual occurrence of marked constriction at

the septa; (c) the peculiar structure and mode of development of the

septa; (d) the mature oospores which differ very markedly from those

of the other species; and (e) the development of the mature oospore

within a thin primary membrane.

(f) CHAETOPHORALES.

(1) CHAETOPHORACEHAE.

Genus STIGEOCLONIUM Kverz. (MYXONEMA Friss).

1. Stigeoclonium prostratum, n. sp. (Fig. 17.)

Thallus epiphyticus, plantis aquaticis adhaerens. Pars procumbens

thalli valde evoluta, filis ramosis dense aggregatis, sed raro stratum

parenchymaticum crassitudine unae cellulae formantibus ; fila repentia

coplose ramosa, ramis singulis procumbentibus, sauepe unilateralibus,

ex paene quaque cellula nascentibus, ramulis paucis et e paucis

cellulis constantibus; cellulis partium procumbentium rectangularibus,

1-23 plo longioribus quam latis, superne aut rectis aut convexis. Pars

adscendens exigua, e pilis sparsis hyalinis, saepe longissimis, acutis vel

obtusis, in basi paullo tumidis, saepe septatis, non ramosis, vel passim

e ramulis brevibus, saepe confertis, 1—5-(saepe 3)-cellularibus, non

ramosis et non in pila productis, constans. Chromatophora pyrenoide

singulo.

Annals of the South African Museum.

Lat. cell. fil. repent., 5-7 1; long., 7-16 w; altit., 5-12; lat. cell.

fil. adscend., 5-8 p. Long. tot. ramul. adscend,, ca. 30 p; long. pil,

adscend., plus quam 400 j:.

Fia. 17.—Stigeoclonivm prostratum, n. sp. A. Small part of the attached

base, showing the rare development of a pseudo-parenchymatous

structure and a short hair. 2B. Part of the prostrate thallus, showing

the characteristic method of branching and a number of hairs. D.

Section through the creeping base and a small part of the substratum ;

a number of hairs are also shown. C. Small part of the creeping base,

showing the’development of numerous short ascending branches. B and

C are from different parts of the same specimen. All figures x 750.

Samples 29, 30a (in both cases on Myriophyllum).

The identity of the more markedly epiphytic species of Stigeo-

clonium (Myaonema) is by no means easy to establish, owing to the

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 533

evidently varying development of the creeping base and of the upright

system. I have been unable, however, to convince myself that the

present form belongs to any of the species hitherto described, and I

am therefore led to add one more to the already long list of species of

this genus.

Stigeoclonium prostratum,* as the specific name indicates, is one of

those species in which the creeping base is very strongly developed, at

the expense of the upright system. The base, which appears to be

purely epiphytic, forms a very extensive and richly branched system,

readily seen on the surface of the substratum with a magnifying glass.

In general the branches, although very close to one another (Fig. 17, B),

are nevertheless quite distinct, but at some points the branching is so

dense that a one-layered parenchymatous stratum arises (Fig. 17, A),

an apparently rather unusual condition. In parts of the branched

base the ramification is very distinctly unilateral (Fig. 17, B), one

branch, but apparently not more than one, arising from almost every

cell of the main axes. The secondary branches are short and, at the

best, bear but short (often only one- or two-celled) branches of the

third order (cf. Fig. 17, B).

The upright system is very scantily developed and takes two forms.

At certain points, where the creeping base is more laxly branched,

numerous short, 1—5-celled (commonly 5-celled) branchlets arise in a

semi-radial manner, projecting in all directions from the substratum

(Fig. 17, C). These points of development of upright branchlets occur

at wide intervals, separated by long stretches in which the base is

purely procumbent. The upright branchlets are more or less pointed

at the ends, but I have never observed them to be drawn out into a

hair, nor are they, as far as I have seen, ever branched (cf. Fig. 17, C).

The second form taken by the upright system is that of simple hairs,

often of very considerable length (more than 400 in some cases).

These hairs arise at quite irregular intervals from the creeping base,

often have a slight basal inflation, and are provided with very scanty

contents (Fig. 17, B, D). In many cases they are septate, but I have

been unable to convince myself that this is always the case. In part

they are drawn out into a point (Fig. 17, B), in part they havea

blunt termination (Fig. 17, D).

The cells of the creeping portion are in general rectangular in shape,

whilst in section they either appear elongated parallel to the sub-

stratum, or their outer wall is more or less convexly arched (Fig. 17,

B, D); where a parenchymatous disc is formed, the shape of the

* Referred to under the name of Myxonema prostratum in New Phytol, xv,

1916, p. 236, fig. 1, e.

534 Annals of the South African Musewm.

cells becomes more irregular (Fig. 17,4). The chloroplast appears to

have but a single pyrenoid.

This species stands near to the Stigeocloninm farctum of Berthold

(Unters. ueb, d. Verzweig. einig. Suesswasseralg., Nova Acta K. Leop.-

Carol. Ak. d. Naturf., xl, No. 5, 1878, pp. 201, 202, Tab. II, figs. 1-5),

which, like our species, bears short bunched branches and irregularly

scattered hairs, arising from the highly developed creeping portion.

The principal differences are : (a) The radial method of branching of

the procumbent portion and the apparently customary formation of a

pseudo-parenchymatous disc ; (b) the proportionally wider and

shorter cells of the creeping base; (c) the longer and less pointed

vertical branches, which may in rare cases be branched; and (d) the

absence of a swelling at the base of the hairs. Berthold’s description

also gives the impression that the development of upright branches is

much more abundant than in our form. The writer has deseribed a

var. simplex of S. farctum, Berthold (Obs. on the young plants of

Stig., Beih. Bot. Centralbl., xiii, 1903, p. 376 et seq., Tab. XI, figs. 1-14),

which is, however, more remote from our species than S. farctum

itself.

Moebius (Ueb. einig. in Portorico gesamm., Suessw.-u. Luft.-Alg.,

Hedwigia, xxvii, 1888, p. 239, Tab. IX, fig. 3) has described an

epiphytic species (without name) of Stigeoclonium, growing on leaves

of Potamogeton occidentalis; this is, however, much more like S.

farctum than our species.

Hansgire’s Stigeocloniui pygmaenm (Prodr. d. Algenfl.v. Boehmen,

i, 1888, p. 69, fig. 28), which he subsequently (op. cit., i, 1893, p. 217)

regarded as a variety of S. farctwm, appears as quite a different form,

and Heering (op. cit., p. 85) is no doubt right in maintaining it as a

distinct species. Collin’s S. subsimplew (The Green Algae of N.

Amer., Suppl., Tuft’s Coll. Studies, 111, No. 2, pp. 90-92, fig. 6) appears

to be closely allied to Hansgirg’s species.

Genus MICROTHAMNION Nasgce.t.

1. Microthamnion — strictissimum, Rabenhorst, Krypt. Flora v.

Sachsen, etc., 1863, p. 266; Fl. Europ. Alg., ete., ii, 1868, p. 375.

Samples 11, 12, 13.

2. Microthamnion kuetzingianum, Naegeli, in Kuetzing, Spec. Alg.,

1849, p. 352.

Sample 36,

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 535

Genus GONGROSIRA Kuerzina.

1. Gongrosira disciformis,n. sp. (Fig. 18.)

Thallus epiphyticus, plantis aquaticis adhaerens, calce incrustatus,

densus, forma disci circularis vel saepe valde irregularis, diametro raro

plus quam 1 mm.; in sectione transversa plus minus deplanato-con-

Fig. 18.—Gongrosira disciformis,n. sp. A. Small part of the surface of

the Myriophyllum showing the form of the thalli of the epiphyte.

B. Section through the surface of the substratum, showing a part of

one of the convex cushions. C. Small part of the edge of a thallus

seen from the surface <A x 12; Band C x 375.

vexus (altit. max. 50 4). Pars procumbens thalli e filis valde ramosis

(ramis brevibus interdum imperfecte segregatis), parenchymatice

ageregatis, constans. Pars adscendens e filis numerosis brevibus

erecte vel oblique dispositis, cum parte procumbente pulvinulum

densum efficientibus. Cellulis, diam. ca. 9-12 p, 1-2-plo longioribus

quam. latis, membrana modice inerassata, forma variabili, granulis

amylaceis parvis confertis, pyrenoidibus

536 Annals of the South African Museum.

Samples 294 (here largely overgrown by Cyanophyceae), 30A (in

both cases on Myriophyllum).

This species forms small white spots on the surface of the stems of

Myriophyllum. These spots, which are readily recognisable with the

naked eye, sometimes appear rounded, but more often they are like

streaks or even highly irregular in shape (Fig. 18, A), which is

probably in part due to confluence of thalli. They rarely extend for

more than 1 mm. in any direction. In transverse section (Fig. 18, B)

they appear as flattened convex cushions, closely adpressed to the

substratum.

The details of construction are only easily deciphered, after the

plentiful incrustation of carbonate of lime has been removed with weak

acid. <A richly branched system of threads creeps on the substratum

(Fig. 18 C) and gives origin to numerous erect or obliquely ascending

short branches which, together with the creeping system, form the

dise-like thalli (Fig. 18, B). Ihave been unable to establish certainly

whether the upright threads are branched, but the procumbent ones

branch again and again, with the result that an almost parenchy-

matous stratum (Fig. 18, C) is produced, in which the individual

threads are only plainly distinguishable near the edge. Some of the

short branches are not completely separated off from their relative

main axis. It appears that all the branches are held together by a

matrix which remains after decalcification.

The cells are of varying shape, often longer than broad, and have a

moderately thick membrane (Fig. 18, C). They were crowded with

numerous small starch-grains which rendered all other features of the

cell-contents obscure.

This species seems to come nearest to G. schmidlei, P. Richter

(Neue Algen de Phyk. univers., fase. xii, Hedwigia, xxxiv, 1895,

p. 22, figs. a, 6b, ¢), which, however, forms larger and more convex

cushions. Other points of difference are: (#) The abundant ramifica-

tion of the upright branches; (b) the often greater length of the

cells; and (c) the absence of contents im the lower cells of the

branches.

Genus APHANOCHAETE A. Bravn.

(HERPOSTEIRON NasceEti1.)

1. Aphanochaete repens, A. Braun, Betracht. ueb. d. Erschein. d.

Verjueng., ete, 1851, p. 196, footnote. (Syn.: Herpostetron confer-

vicola, Naeg.).

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 537

Y ove fe ny

Samples 29 and 33 (on Cladophora glomerata), 39 (on Zygnema

spirale, n. sp.), 53 and 54 (on Oedogonium spp.).

(2) CHAETOSPHAERIDIACEAB.

Genus CHAETOSPHAERIDIUM Kuepaun.

1. Chaetosphaeridium globosum (Nordst.), Klebahn, Pringsh. Jahrb.,

xxv, 1893, p. 306, Tab. XIV, figs. 5-10. (Syn.: Herposteiron globosa,

Nordst. ; Aphanochaete globosa, Wolle).

Samples 39 (rare, epiphytic on Zygnema spirale, n. sp.), 55 (very

rare, on Oedogonium spp.).

(4) COLEOCHAETACEAE.

GENUS COLEOCHAETE Bresisson.

1. Coleochaete scutata, Brebisson, Ann. Sci. nat., sér. 3, Bot., i, 1844,

p29, Pl. I, figs. 1-7.

Samples 29, 294, and 30a (on Myriophyllum), 53 (on Oedogonium

sp.).

(5) CHAETOPELTIDACEAE.

Genus CHAETOPELTIS BertnHo.p.

1. Chaetopeltis sp. (?). (Fig. 19.)

Sample 44 (on Dichothrix spiralis, nu. sp.).

I have been at a loss as to the systematic position of this form, but

think the reference to the Chaetopeltidaceae may prove correct,

although in the present material (even when stained) it has been

impossible to recognise any of the characteristic hairs.* The Alga

occurred as roughly circular discs or somewhat elongated convex

cushions (typical dimensions: 120 x 90, 200 x 108, 250 x 96 p),

generally attached to the abundant Dichothriz, often at the poits of

branching of the latter (Fig. 19). In some cases the shape was a

rather irregular one, with a number of projecting lobes. The com-

* According to Berthold (Ueb. d. Verzw. einig. Suesswasseralg., loc. cit.,

p. 217), the formation of these hairs is very variable in Chaetopeltis orbicularis,

Berth., old plants being sometimes devoid of them for a considerable length

of time.

538 Annals of the South African Museum.

ponent cells are large, generally nearly isodiametric (diam. up to 27 1),

and have a thick gelatinous-looking wall, usually showing prominent

stratification (Fig. 19); the middle lamella sometimes presented a

eranular appearance. A definite, though delicate, cuticle can with

some difficulty be traced round a great part of the periphery of each

croup. The cell-contents were highly granular and no details of

structure could with certainty be made out, although in material

Fic. 19.—Chaetopeltis sp. (2). Two typical thalli growing on Dichothria.

Both figures x 500.

stained with methyl blue there seemed to be a single parietal chloro-

plast.

In general, the arrangement of the ceils displayed no evident regu-

larity, but a faint radiate disposition was sometimes recognisable in

the subcireular discs. In some cases the cells fitted closely together,

without interspaces, but usually they were not so closely arranged

(Fig. 19) and even partly overlapped one another. The cells were

often in a single Jayer, though here and there certainly in more than

one layer. In some of the thalli certain of the peripheral cells

were becoming detached, which may possibly indicate a reproductive

phase.

It will probably be best to defer further discussion of this form

until it has been possible to study it more fully.

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 539

(g7) OEDOGONIALES.

(1) OKEDOGONIACEAE.

Genus OEDOGONIUM Linx.

1. Oedogonium crassum (Hass.), Wittr.; Hirn, Monogr. u. Iconogr.

d. Oedogoniaceen, 1900, p. 139, Tab. XVIII, fig. 99.

Samples 58, 54, and 55 (common).

Crassit. cell. veget., 40-65 .; altit., 3-4 plo major.

son OOf0N:, 72-84 pp; ,, 120-138 p.

5 oospor., 66-72 »; =, 80-90 p.

» cell. antherid, 40; , 9-10».

The dimensions are slightly larger than those given by Hirn. In

samples 54 and 55 a few male threads were observed, but in none of

them were the antheridia more than 6-celled, and the contents were

too disintegrated to show the number of sperms.

2. Oedogonium crispum (Hass.), Wittr.; Hirn, op. eit., p. 159,

Tab. XXV, fig. 138.

Samples 53, 54, and 55 (not very common).

Crassit. cell. veget., 12-15 p; altit., 3-5 plo major.

» oogon., 36-50 pe; » 49-60 p.

55 oospor., 40-46 p.

3. Oedogonium pisanum, Wittr. ; Hirn., op. cit., p. 131, Tab. XXIX,

fig. 175.

Sample 56.

Crassit. cell. veget., 8-15 uw; altit., 2-4 plo major.

» oogon., 27-32 p; ,, 40-45 p.

The basal attaching cell was very muchelongated. ‘The apex of the

filaments was usually gradually attenuated to a long hair, the cells

becoming progressively longer and narrower until the terminal, very

much elongated hair-cell, with very scanty contents, was reached.

4. ¥ Oedogonium boreale, Hirn, op. cit., pp. 275, 276, Tab. XLVII,

fig. 300; forma

Samples 29, 50a.

I have some little doubt whether the Oedogoniwm in these samples

is really Hirn’s species, which, as far as I am aware, has hitherto only

been recorded from Finland. My determination is based on the

finding of a single oogonium with dwarf-males (crass. oogon., 55 p ;

altit. oogon., 69 ; crass. nannandr., 20 p; altit.,27 »). The vege-

540 Annals of the South African Museum.

tative cells (crass., 18-21 p; altit., 4-7 plo major) were markedly

capitellate and rather thick-walled. The oogonium was pear-shaped,

with a thick stratified wall, and opened by a broad slit about one-

quarter of the way from the apex. Owing to the dense contents, the

structure of the oogonium-wall could not be distinguished. The

dwarf-males were ovate, not obovate, and were provided with a small

apiculus.

(Note.—Sterile, and consequently indeterminable, material of this

genus was encountered in many of the samples, viz. 4, 5, 14, 15, 17,

19, 21, 22, 28, 24, 34a, 35, 41, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48.)

Genus BULBOCHAETE Acarpu.

(Note.—Only sterile material of this genus was encountered, in

samples 10, 39, 53, and 54, in the last two cases epiphytic on Oedo-

gonium crassum. )

(i) SIPHONALES.

(2) VAUCHERIACEAE.

Genus VAUCHERIA Der Canpo.te.

1. Vauecheria qeminata, Walz.: Heerine, Sisswasserale. Schleswig-

Y 5 5 : a

rol)

Holsteins, ete., 1i, Jahrb. d. Hamburg. Wiss. Anst., xxiv, 1906, p. 154,

Sample 5 (fertile).

(i) CONJUGATAE.

(1) MESOTAENIACEHAE.

Genus MESOTAENIUM NasgceEtt.

1. Mesotaenium chlamydosporum, De Bary, Unters. ueb. d. Fam. d.

Jonjugaten, 1858, p.°75, Tab. VII, D; W. & G. S. West, Monogr. of

the Brit. Desm., Ray Soc., i, 1904, p. 52, Pl. IV, figs. 4-14.

Sample 16.

Already recorded by Reinsch from the summit of 'Table Mountain.

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 541

Genus CYLINDROCYSTIS Menzeu.

1. Cylindrocystis crassa, De Bary, op. cit., pp. 87, 74, Tab. VII,

Fig. C, 1-12; W. & G. S. West, op. cit., i, 1904, p. 59, Pl. IV,

figs. 33-38 (Fig. 20, A).

Samples 8, 9, 19, 50 (here common), 51.

Long. cell., 30-50 p.; lat. cell., 18-25 p.

In sample 50 the individuals mostly had thick membranes, whilst

large masses of fat occurred in the cells, which were evidently in more

or less of a resting condition (Fig. 20, 4). Side by side with speci-

mens of the typical shape were others in which one end was more or

less truncate, whilst the other was broadly rounded ; one end was

sometimes rather broader than the other (Fig. 20, A, the two left-hand

individuals).

2. Cylindrocystis ornata, n. sp. (Fig. 20, C.)

C. mediocris, cellulis diametro ca. duplo longioribus, in media parte

modice constrictis ; semicellulis ovalibus, prope mediam partem latis-

simis, polis rotundatis vel exigue truncatis ; membrana rubescente,

sranulis parvis numerosis in tota superficie obtecta ; chromatophora

processibus paucis magnis, pyrenoide singulo.

Long. cell., 54-57 w; lat. cell., 27-30 p.

Sample 50 (rare).

This species is distinguished from all those hitherto described by the

form of the cell and the granulation of the membrane. The latter is

faintly reddish and provided with numerous fine granules, which cover

it uniformly (Fig. 20, C).

Genus NETRIUM Nagce tt.

1. Netrinm digitus (Ehrenb.), Itzigs. & Rothe; W. & G.S. West,

op. cit., 1, 1904, p. 64, Pl. VI, figs. 14-16.

Samples 2 (very rare), 50.

Long. cell., 180-210»; lat. cell., 45-54 p.

2. Netrium oblongum (De Bary), Luetkemueller, Zellmembr. d.

Desm., Beitr. z. Bio]. d. Pfl., viii, 1902, p. 407; W. & G.S. West,

op. cit., 1, 1904, p. 66, Pl. VIII, figs. 1-3. (Syn.: Peniwm oblonguin,

De Bary.)

Var. cylindricum, W. & G. S. West, Notes on Freshw. Alg

eat:

Journ. Bot.) (70a p71 ser CDV, fic. 10: op. cit.. p. 67, Pl. V,

fig. 7.

Samples 8, 9, 37, 50.

Forma curvata, noy. form (Fig. 20, B).

542 Annals of the South African Museum.

Cellulis exacte cylindricis, sed plus minus evidenter curvatis, polis

rotundatis. Long., 48-72 1; lat., 15-17 p.

Samples 8, 9, 50.

SOM

gk ic. 20.—A. Cylindrocystis crassa, De Bary, from sample 50, cf. text,

p. 541. B. Netriwm oblongum (De Bary), Luetk., var. cylindricum, W. &

G. S. West. forma curvata, n. f. C. Cylindrocystis ornata, n. sp.

D Penium phymatosporum, Nordst., forma, C and D x 750. Maeni-

fication of 4 and B shown by the scale.

(2) DESMIDIACHAE.

Genus PENIUM Brésisson.

1. Penium margaritacewm (Ehrenb.), Bréb.; W. & G. S. West,

op. cit., 1, 1904, p. 83, Pl. VIII, figs. 32-35.

Var. irregularius, W. & G. S. West, Freshw. Alg. Orkneys and

Shetlands, Trans. & Proc. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh, xxiui, 1905, pp. 14, 15,

fig. 23.

Sample 4.

Long. cell., 90 7; lat., 8p. The cell-membrane is colourless, the

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 543

granules are small, numerous, and scattered; otherwise like the type.

The dimensions are smaller than those given in the original diagnosis,

but G. S. West (Alg. Yan Yean Reservoir, Journ. Linn. Soc., Bot.,

xxxix, 1909, p. 53) has already described a smaller form.

2. Penium phymatosporum, Nordst.: W. & G. S. West, op. cit., 1,

1904, p. 91, Pl. VI, figs. 9-11.

Forma paullo latior, lateribus leviter convexis, constrictione mediana

plane manifesta. Long. cell., 39-4 p ; lat., 18-21 » (Fig. 20, D).

Sample 50 (not uncommon).

The specimens differ from the typical ones in having faintly convex

sides and a slightly greater breadth in proportion to the leneth; the

BOK

Fic. 21.—Penium conspersum, Wittr., var. capense, nov. var.

median constriction is also rather more pronounced (Fig. 20, D). This

form may be compared with one figured by Borge (Ueb. trop. u. sub-

trop. Suesswasserchlorophyce., Bih. K. Sv. Vet -Ak. Handl., xxiv, Afd. 3,

No. 12, Tab. I, fig. 7), which, however, lacks the faint longitudinal

striations.

The chloroplast appears to be provided with a considerable number

of longitudinal ridges, which exhibit frequent interruptions (Fig.

20, D).

3. Penium conspersum, Wittrock, Gotlands och Oelands Soetvatten-

salg., Bih. K. Sv. Vet.-Ak. Handl., i, 1872, p. 66.

Var. capense, nov. var. (Fig. 21).

Semicellulis inflatione exigua, spatio variabili a media cellula posita

munitis; membrana achroa; alioqui typo similis est. Long. cell., 65—

96 p; lat., 18-22 p.

Samples 50 (not uncommon), 51.

544. Annals of the South African Museum.

I believe this form is referable to Wittrock’s P. conspersum, of

which, however, I have seen no figure. It tallies with the description

of this species, except in the fact that the semicells almost constantly

exhibit a more or less marked inflation, some little distance above the

base, so that the cell is narrower at its middle than further towards the

poles (Fig. 21). Moreover, the membrane is colourless. Each chloro-

plast had two pyrenoids, and there was often a conspicuous mass of

fat at either end of the cell. The extremities of the cells vary consider-

ably in the degree of rounding.

Nordstedt (Desm. arctoae, Ofvers. K. Vet.-Ak. Foerhandl., 1875,

No. 6, p. 14) also describes the membrane as colourless, and Schmidle

(Ale. Brasilien, Hedwigia, xl, 1901, p. 47) does the same for var.

americanum, Nordst., in which, however, Schmidle figures (/oc. cit.,

Tab. ILI, figs. 1, 2) the granules as being much less densely arranged

than in the type or the variety above established.

Genus CLOSTERIUM Nirzscu.

1. Closterinm parvulum, Naegeli, Gatt. eimzell. Algen., 1849, p. 106,

Tab, VL. C, fie, 2; W.& G.S. West, op. cit., 1, 1904, p: 133, PI XV,

figs. 9-12.

Samples 2, 8, 52.

Distances between apices, 108-126 »; lat., 12-15 u.

2. Closterium leibleinii, Kuetz.; W.& G.S. West, op. cit., 1, 1904,

p. 141, Pl. XVI, figs. 9-14.

Samples 5, 25, 48.

Some of the specimens had only two pyrenoids in the one chloro-

plast or the other. ‘The species has been recorded from Little Nama-

qualand by G. 8. West.

3. Closterium moniliferum (Bory), Ehrenb.; W. & G.S. West, op. cit.,

i, 1904, p. 142, Pl. XVI, figs. 15, 16.

Sample 24.

Recorded from Little Namaqualand by G. 8. West.

4. Closterium malinvernianum, De Not.; W. & G. 8S. West, op. cit.,

i, 1904, p. 145, Pl. XVII, figs. 5, 6. =

Forma major, nov. form. (Fig. 22).

Differt a typo polis paullo plus incurvatis, inflatione ventrali indis-

tincta, margine ventrali fere recta usque ad apices incurvatos. Apici-

bus inter se distantibus, 600 »; lat. cell., 112 p.

Sample 24 (rare).

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 5A?

| I have only seen very few specimens of this form, which in dimen-

sions and shape is more like C. ¢/ renbergii, Menegh. (cf. especially the

var. concavum of Schmidle, in Eneler’s Bot. Jahrb., xxiii, 1897, p. 256),

whilst the yellowish-brown colour and fine striation of the membrane

Fra, 22 —Closterium malinvernianum, De Not., forma major, nov. form.,

x 180.

bring it nearer to C. malinvernianun, De Not. Towards the ends of

the cells the striae give the impression of being composed of numerous

minute granules.

5. Closterium acerosum (Schrank), Ehrenb.; W. & G. S. West, Op.

cit., 1, 1904, p. 146, Pl. XVIII, figs. 2-5.

Samples 3, 34a, 35.

The specimens in sample 3 had very markedly truncate apices (lat

apic., 6 «), although otherwise typical; some of the individuals were,

however, rather short (long. cell., 255-480 w; lat., 36-37 »). The

specimens with a truncate apex were described by Gutwinski as var,

546 Annals of the South African Museum.

truncatum, but Messrs. West (loc. cit., p. 148) consider that the

character is so variable that it is not enough to warrant a special

variety ; in sample 5, however, all the specimens seen possessed this

character to a very pronounced extent. G. S. West has already

recorded C. acerosum from other parts of South Africa.

6. Closterium libellula, Focke, Physiol. Stud., 1847, p. 58, Tab. ITT,

fiv. 29. (Svn.: Peniwm libellula (Focke), Nordst.; W. & G.S. West,

ope cits,1, L904, p.543,ebl. Vall, hos: (6, 7).

Fie. 23.—Closterium pritchardianum, Arch., forma minor, n. form.

a. Entire cell, showing the general shape. 6. Apex of a semi-cell,

more stronely enlarged. a « 220; b x 600.

Sample 26.

Long. cell., 220-375 p; lat., 39-51 «; lat. apic., 6-9 ». Some of

the individuals had unequally convex sides.

7. Closterium pritchardianum, Arch.; W. & Cans West, op. cit., 1,

1904, p. 172, Pi. XXII, figs. 6-14.

Samples 5, 26.

Forma minor, nov. form. Long. cell., 264-285 yp; lat., 56-40 p.

Margine ventrali fere recta, polis vix recurvis (Fig. 25),

Samples 5, 26.

T have been in some doubts about the reference of these specimens

to C. pritchardianum, but seeing that the general form of the cell and

The Freshwater Algae Ofe AY Ticn. 547

the striation and punctation of the membrane (Fig. 23, b) is that

characteristic of this species, and that the apices are very similar, it

seems justified. C. pritchardianum, which is widely represented in

South Africa, is evidently very variable in size, since specimens have

been encountered from other localities attaining a length of 1700

(forma gigantissima).

In sample 5 there also occurred individuals which approached some-

what to var. madagascariensis, F. E. Fritsch (Freshw. Alg. Mada-

gvascar, Ann. d. Biol. lacustre, Tab. VIT, fase. i), but differed from

it in two respects, viz. (a) in being in part shorter and propor-

tionally broader (long., 550-700 mw; lat., 48-55 yw), and (b) in the

almost straight ventral margin. Such forms tend to link up var.

madagascariensis and also forma maxima, Nordstedt (Nonnullae alg.

aq. dule. brasil., Ofvers. K. Sv. Vet.-Ak. Foerhandl., 1877, No. 3,

p. 16) with the type.

Genus PLEUROTAENIUM NakreeEtt.

Naas

1. Pleurotaenium ehrenbergii (Bréb.), De Bary, op. cit., p.

W.& G.S. West, op. cit., i, 1904, p. 205, Pl. X XIX, figs. 9-11.

Samples 5, 5.

Previously recorded by Nordstedt from the Cape.

2. Pleurotaenium ovatum, Nordstedt, Nonnull. alg. aq. dule. brasil.,

Ofvers. K. Sv. Vet.-Ak. Foerhandl., 1877, No. 3, p. 18. (Syn.:

Docidium ovatum, Nordstedt, Desmid., in E. Warming, Symb. ad. fl.

Brasil.;centr. cogn., Vid. Med. Nat. Foren. Kjobenhavn, 1869, p. 205,

Tab. Lif, fig. 37).

Sample 5.

Previously recorded by Nordstedt from the Cape.

Grnus EUASTRUM EnReENBERG.

1. Huastrum capense, vn. sp. (Fig. 24.)

E. parvum, circiter 14 plo longius quam latum, profunde constric-

tum, sinu angusto-lineari extremo paullo amplato. Semicellulae

obscure trilobae, sinu late concavo inter lobos; lobo polari lato, apice

plus minus convexo, incisura mediana non profunda extus ampliata,

marginibus lateralibus apicis plus minus concavis, angulis apicalibus

dente exiguo munitis, marginibus lateralibus lobi polaris subparallelis ;

lobis lateralibus bilobulatis, iis superioribus rotundatis, iis inferiori-

bus plus minus truncatis etiam leviter emarginatis, lobulo utroque

plerumque dente exiguo instructo; semicellulis plerumque granulis

548 Annals of the South African Museum.

ca. 9 intra lobum lateralem utrumque, et granulis 4—5 intra angulum

apicalem utrumaque, tumore eentrali nullo. A latere visae globoso-

ellipticae, apice rotundato, tumore parvo prope basin utrobique. A

vertice visae ellipticae, polis ca. 5-6 dentibus exiguis munitis,

inflatione mediana aliquantula acuta. Long. cell., 36 p; lat. cell.

med., 27-30 jp; lat. lob. pol., 21 p; lat. isthm., 8 p; crass., 17-18.

Samples 7 (very common), py NZ, lle

This species appears to be not uncommon in the Cape Peninsula. It

is distinguished by the character of the apex from all the other

Fic. 24.—Euastrum capense,n. sp. 4, b, e. Cells and semi-cells in front

view, showing varying shape of apex, the granulation, and the small

teeth. d. End-view. e. Semi-cell in side-view. All figures x 800.

Fuastra of small dimensions, and the end-view is also rather charac-

teristic. It belongs to the species without elaborate ornamentation,

and may best be compared with Fi. binale (Turp.), Ehrenb. (especially

forma gutwinskit, Schmidle), HH. elegans (Bréb.), Kuetz., and FE.

dubium, Naegeli, with the last of which it perhaps shares most points

of resemblance.

As the figures show, the shape of the apex is somewhat variable

(Fig. 24, a-c), and the amount of eranulation also varies to some

extent in different individuals.

2 Buastrum denticulatum (Kirchn.), Gay; W. & G. S. West,

op. cit., 1i, 1905, p. 56, PI. XXXIX, figs. 1-4. (Syn.: H. amoenum,

Gay.)

Samples 12, 24 (very rare).

The Freshwater Alqae of Africa. 549

5. Huastrum pseudocoralloides, n. sp (Fig. 25).

E. minutum, circiter 1; plo longius quam latum, profunde con-

strictum, sinu angusto-lineari extremo vix ampliato. Semicellulae

subquadratae, trilobae, incisuris lateralibus subprofundis subam pliatis ;

lobo polari lato, apice complanato et plus minus distinete undulato,

incisura mediana extrorsum ampliata non profunda, angulis apicalibus

in lobulo acuto membrana leviter inerassata productis ; lobis latera-

Fie, 25.—Euastrum pseudocoralloides, n. sp. a. Front-view. b. Side-

view. c. End-view. d. Immature (?) semi-cell in front-view. All

figures x 1400.

libus bilobulatis, iis superioribus eadem forma quam iis lobi polaris,

us inferioribus oblique truncatis; semicellulis granulis et tumore

centrali destitutis, membrana laevi. <A latere visae ovatae, inflatione

mediana (ubi membrana incrassata) distincta, marginibus superioribus

concavis, apicibus rotundatis incrassatis. A vertice visae ellipticae,

inflatione mediana valde distincta.

Long. cell., 24-25; lat. cell, 18-21 1; lat. isthm., 5-6; crass.

9-10 1D

550 Annals of the South African Museum.

Sample 44 (rare).

This species, of which only few individuals were seen, evidently

belones to the group of species comprising EH. coralloides, Joshua,

Fi. plesiocoralloides, W. & G. S. West, E. trigibberum, W. & GS:

West, and EB. geometricum, W. & G. S. West. All of these are

characterised by the deep incisions between the polar and the lateral

lobes, often accompanied by a rather deep apical incision, rendering

the semicells more or less markedly 4-lobed, a feature which is not so

well seen in the present species. The differences between I. pseudo-

coralloides and the other species just enumerated are sufficiently

obvious without special mention, in particular the smooth membrane

and the characteristic side- and end-views are very distinctive. Another

very marked feature is the shape of the upper lateral and apical

lobules: the lower lateral lobules appear to be merely truncated

(Fig. 25, a). The semicell shown in Fig. 25, d either represents a

simplified form of E. pseudocoralloides or, more probably, an immature

stage. The extent of development of the apical undulations is,

however, certainly subject to some slight degree of variation.

Genus COSMARIUM Corpa.

1. Cosmarium granatum, Bréb.; W. & G. S. West, op. cit., 11, 1905,

p. 186, Pl. LXIII, figs. 1-3.

Samples 39, 45 (rare), 48 (very rare), 52 (very rare).

Long, 27-85 2; lat., 20-27 p; lat, isthm., 5-7 p.

2. Cosmarium pseudatlanthoideum, West ; WwW. & G.S. West, op. cit.,

ii, 1905, p. 191, Pl. LXTII, figs. 16, La

Sample 39.

Long., 24-25 p; lat., 18-19; lat. isthm., 6 /.

The dimensions are rather larger than usual, but the form of the

cells was exactly as in Fig. 17 in Messrs. West's monograph. This

species comes very close to some forms of C. granatum, Breb. ; ef. also

C. aequale, Turner, which, however, has a different end-view and is

larger.

3 Cosmarium capense, De Toni, Sylloge Algarum, etc., i, 1899,

pagoos (Syn-= C. pyramidatum, Breb., subsp. capense, Nordstedt,

De Alg. nonnull., praecipue Desm., etc., Act. Univ. Lund., xvi, 1880,

p. 6, Tab. I, fig. 8.)

Var. minor, nov. var.: Long., 45-54 .; lat., 33-36 p; lat. isthm.,

11-12 px: crass., 24-27 p. Semicellulae a vertice visae ellipticae, AXIS

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 551

major ca. triplo longior quam axis minor; a latere visae elliptico-

oblongae, lateribus fere parallelis, polis leviter rétundatis (Fig. 26).

Samples 1, 8, 9, 19.

This species is evidently of common occurrence in the Cape Peninsula.

The characteristic features are the rounded basal angles, the convex

sides which gradually converge more and more markedly from the base

to the apex, and the slightly flattened and retuse apex (Fig. 26).

There are two pyrenoids in each semicell. The flattened apex varies

considerably in width and the retuse character is sometimes more

sometimes less pronounced.

Fic. 26.—Cosmarium capense, De 'Toni, var. minor, nov. var.. x 600,

The specimens are appreciably smaller than those originally described

by Nordstedt (Joc cit.), although Messrs. West (On some Desm. of the

Jnited States, Journ. Linn. Soc., Bot., xxxii, 1897, p. 301, Pl. XVII,

fig. 3) have already recorded a forma minor, whose dimensions approxi-

mate more closely to those of the specimens found in the present

collections. The most important differences as compared with

Nordstedt’s specimens, however, lie in the shape of the side- and

end-views (Fiy. 26). The end-view is a narrower and more elongated

ellipse, whose ends are not so markedly rounded, whilst in side-view

the almost parallel sides of the semicells are noteworthy. In the latter

respect our specimens are like a form described by Borge (Ueb. trop.

u. subtrop. Suesswasser-chlorophye., Bih. K. Sv. Vet.-Ak. HandL., xxiv,

Afd. ii, No. 12, p. 22, Tab.’ II, fig. 50), which is, however, consider-

ably larger and has an end-view like that of Nordstedt’s specimens.

Borge’s form has a punctate membrane, and in this connection it may

be mentioned that the individuals in the present samples in some cases

552 Annals of the South African Musewm.

had a very obscurely punctate membrane, although generally nothing

of the kind could be discerned.

A. Cosmarium holmiense, Lundell, Desm. Suec., Nov. Act. reg. soc.

scient. Upsala, Ser. 3, viii, 1871, p. 49, Mal. Wl io 20 We reciGens

West, op. cit., iii, 1908, p. 1, Pl. LXV, figs. 1, 2.

Forma ad var. integrum, Lund. accedens. Long., 54-58 yp; lat.,

33-35 w; lat. isthm., 15-17 p (Fig. 27).

Sample 50 (very rare).

Only two specimens were observed which agreed with the type,

except in the nature of the apices ; these were either shehtly retuse or

slightly convex, the two forms occurring on the two semicells of the

same individual (Fig. 27). These specimens should be compared with

55H

Fic. 27.—Cosmarium holmiense, Lund., forma.

a form of var. integrum, Lund., described by Borge (Beitr. z. Algenfl.

v. Schweden, 2, Bot. Notiser, 1913, p. 16, Tab. I, fig. 10), which, how-

ever, lacks the small undulations of the lateral margins.

5. Cosmarium obtusatum, Schmidle, Engler’s Bot. Jahrb., xxvi, 1898,

p. 88; W. & G.S. West, op. cié., iii, 1908, p. 7, Pl. LXV, figs. Bs

Sample 52 (rare).

Side by side with specimens showing typical dimensions (long.,

Goiueclate olljas lait. isthin., 15 p), others were observed which were

relatively broader (long., 66 p; lat., 60 p; lat. isthm., 15 »). Theapex

was moreover, in some cases, faintly undulate. It is possible that these

variations indicate a distinct form. C. obtusatum has been recorded

from the Karoo by G. 8S. West.

6. Cosmarium quadratum, Ralfs; W. & G,S. West, op. cit., 111, 1908,

p. 57, Pl. LXX, figs. 6-8.

The Freshwater Algae of Africa.

Forma apice leviter retuso, membrana levissime punctata. Long.,

49 w; lat., 25 p.

Sample 7 (rare).

Compare with forms described by Lundell (Desm. Suec., loc. cit.,

p. 47) and Nordstedt (Freshw. Alg. New Zealand, etc., K. Sv. Vet.-Ak.

Handl., xxii, 1888, p. 55, Tab VI, fig. 5).

7. Cosmarium sexangulave, Lundell, Desm. Suec., loc. cit., p. 35,

Tab. II, fig. 28; W. & G. S. West, op. cit. ii, 1908, p. 81, Pl. LX XII,

fig. 3. :

Var. subangulare, nov. var. (Fig. 28, a, b).

Magnitudine ca. dimidio ea typi; semicellulis obscure 7-angulis,

lateribus superioribus e marginibus duabus fere rectis et obscure

delimitatis constantibus; angulis lateralibus bene demarcatis, rotun-

datis vel subacutis ; apicibus interdum leviter retusis.

Long. cel]., 18-25 »; lat., 15-21 »; lat. isthm., 4-5 p; erass., 12 p.

Samples 29, 30a, 31, 39.

This variety is distinguished by its retuse apex, and especially by

the fact that the upper lateral margins consist of two, almost flattened

edges, forming a very wide angle with one another (Fig. 28,6). In

the former respect it resembles forma minima, Nordst., with which it

also agrees to some extent in its dimensions; in this form, however,

the upper lateral margins are retuse.

8. Cosmarium perpusillum, West, Alg. W. Ireland, Journ. Linn. Soc.,

Bot., xxix, 1892, p. 148, Tab. XXI, fig. 2; W.& G. S. West, op. cit.,

ili, 1908, p. 88, Pl. LX XII, figs. 22, 23. (Fig. 28, d-h.)

Samples 29, 29a (very rare), 30a, 31, 39.

Long., 18-20. 4 ; lat., 15-18 »; lat. isthm., 5-4 «7; crass., 9 p-

it appears that the specimens in these samples belong to. the above

species, although they exhibit considerable variation in several respects,

apart from being larger. ‘T'ypical specimens have subhexagonal semi-

cells, with the lower lateral margins slightly retuse and the upper

lateral margins provided with one median crest; the apex is generally

slightly retuse. I have in no case observed so marked a protrusion

of the lateral angles, as is figured by Messrs. West in their mono-

graph.

Considerable variation is firstly exhibited in the degree of divergence

of the lower lateral margins, which in some cases (Fig. 28, e, f)

become almost subparallel, giving the lower part of the semicell the

rectangular appearance characteristic of C. meneyhinii, Bréb. Further,

whilst in many individuals these lower margins are typically retuse

(Fig. 28, e), in others they are almost, if not quite, straight (Fig. 28,

554 Annals of the South African Musewin.

d, q). As the figures show, there are often appreciable differences

between the two semicells, and even between the two sides of a sem1-

cell, in both these respects.

Other variations concern the upper lateral margins. They may lack

the median crest and have a more or less concave edge (Fig. 28, f, 4),

which may sometimes, however, be almost straight (Fig. 28, g, the

right-hand side of the lower semicell). In this respect also there may

be diversity on the two sides of the same semicell.

Lastly, the apex varies considerably in breadth and in the degree of

development of the retuse character, being sometimes p ractically

truncate (Fig. 28, d-q).

Tn those forms, in which the lower lateral margins become sub-

Fre. 28.—a, b. Cosmarium sexangulare, Lund., var. subangulare, nov. var.

c, C. rectanqulare, Grun., forma. d-h. Cosmarivm perpusillum, West,

formae (h, end-view). All figures x 800.

parallel, the cell is proportionally rather longer than broad (long.,

20-21 je; lat., 16-17 »). Such specimens (Fig. 28, e, f), except for the

frequent presence of the median crest on the upper lateral margins,

approach very closely to C. meneghinii, Bréb., and it may be questioned

whether C. perpusillum, West, would not better be placed as a variety

of the former species, since it appears to be connected with it by a

whole series of transitional forms in the South African flora. Forms

somewhat resembling those here described have been recorded under

(. meneghinii, Bréb., by Borge (Alg. d. ersten Regnell. Exped., 11,

Desmid., Arkiv. f. Bot. i, 1908, p. 98, Tab. IIT,. fig. 24), and Raci-

borski (De nonnull. Desmid. Polonia, Pamietnik Wydz. Ak. Umie}]. w.

Krakow, x, 1885, Tab. XI, fig. 5); cf. also var. nanuwm, Wille (W. &

G. S. West, op. cit., p. 98, Pl. LX XII, fig. 34).

It should be added that there are no appreciable differences in

the side- and end-views of the specimens shown in Pig. 28, d-g,

The Freshwater Algae of Africa 559

these views closely resembling those shown by Messrs. West (ef.

Fig. 28, h).

9. Cosmarium meneghinii, Bréb.; W. & G. S. West, op. cit., 11, 1908,

p- 90, Pl. LXXII, figs. 29-32.

Forma marginibus lateralibus inferioribus leviter divergentibus ;

alioqui typo et non var. wano Wille similis est. Long., 24 yp; lat.,

15 w; lat. isth., 5 p.

Sample 19 (rare).

10. Cosmarium rectangulare, Grun.; W. & G.S. West, op. cit., 11,

1908, p. 54, Pl. LXX, figs. 1, 2.

Forma apicibus interdum leviter retusis, membrana laevi. Long.,

20 »; lat. 15 »; lat. isthm., 3-4°5 p (Fig. 28, c).

Sample 51 (rare).

A small form, which appears rather as an extreme condition of the

forms of C. perpusillum, West, shown in Fig. 28, ¢,f. Messrs. West

(Alg. Centr. Afr., Journ. Bot., xxv, 1896, p. 379, Tab. 361, fig. 14)

have described a var. africanum of C. rectangulare, which is, however,

proportionally longer.

11. Cosmarium laeve, Rabenhorst, Fl. Europ. Alg., i, 1868,

p. 161; W..& G. S. West, op. cit., iti, 1908, p. 99, Pl. LX XITI,

figs. 8-19.

Forma membrana laevi. Long., 18-30 »; lat., 15-21 p; lat.isthm.,

J'O-) p.; crass., 1U p.

Samples 14, 52, 54, 55.

Var. septentrionale, Wille, Verskvandsalg. Novaja Semlja, ete.,

Ofvers. K. Vet.-Ak. Foerhandl., 1879, No. 5, p. 48, Tab. XII, fig. 34;

W.& G. 8S. West, loc. cit., p. 102, Pl. LX XIII, figs. 22-25.

Sample 52.

The type has been recorded from Little Namaqualand by G. 5.

West.

12. Cosmarium punctulatum, Bréb.; W. & G.S. West, op. cit., 11,

1908, p. 206, Pl. LX XXIV, figs. 13, 14, and Pl. CII, fig. 22.

Samples 2 (rare), 7, 10 (rare), 29 (rare).

The abundant individuals in sample 7 were very typical; long.,

32-36 p; lat., 28-30 p; lat. isthm., 8-10 1; crass., 17-18 p. Some had

a slightly concave apex. In many cases the end-view showed a slight

median non-granulated inflation. This species has been recorded by

Reinsch from the Cape.

Var. subpunctulatum (Nordst.), Boergesen; W. & G. 5. West, toe.

556 Annals of the South African Museum.

cit., p. 209, Pl. LXXXIV, figs. 15-20. (Syn.: C. subpunctulatum,

Nordst.).

Samples 25, 26, 29, 29a, 30a, 31, 33, 48.

Long., 25-26 »; lat., 21-22 w; lat. isthm., 7-8 p.

The dimensions are rather smaller than those typical for this variety.

Most of the specimens, which were in no case numerous, possessed

the form shown in Fig. 17 on Pl. LXXXIV of Messrs. West’s

monograph, the apex being generally quite or almost quite smooth.

13. Cosmarium suberenatum, Hantzsch; W. & G. 8. West, op. cit.,

ii, 1908, p. 228, PI. BOO: figs. 10-14.

Samples 26, 51, 52, 33, 48.

Long., 28-38 yu; lat., 25-30 w; lat. isthm., 7-11 p (usually about

9»). In some of the individuals the apical undulations were rather

indistinct.

14. Cosmarium subprotumidum, Nordstedt; W. & G. 5. West, op.

f., 11, 1908, p. 23), Pl. UXX XVI, figs. 19-21.

Var. gregorii (Roy & Biss.), W. & G. S. West, loc. cit., p. 282,

Pl. LXXXVI, figs. Eoaeo (Syn.: C. gregorti, Roy & Biss.).

Samples 14, 21(?), 3

Long., 21-24 py; lat. “eke 22 ; lat. isthm., 6-7 p. Typical specimens

closely resembling Fig. 24 in Messrs. West’s monograph. The

type has been recorded from the Tanganyika region by G. S. West.

15. Cosmarium speciosum, Lundell, Desm. Suee., Joc. cit., p. 54,

Tab. IIL, fie. 5; W.& G. S. West, op. ci., in, 1908, p. 247; Pl.

LXXXIX, figs. 1-3.

Var. simplex, Nordstedt, Desm. Spetsbery., etc., Ofvers. Kk. Sv. Vet.-

Ak. Foerhandl., 1872, No. 6, p. 31, Tab. VI, fig. 12; W.& G.S. West,

loc. cit., p. 250, Pl. LXXXIX, fig. 6.

Sample 50 (rare).

Long., 36-42 yw; lat., 27-80 »; lat. isthm., 12-15 p.

16. Cosmarium botrytis, Menegh.; W. & G. S. West, op. cit., Iv,

1912, p: 1, Bl. XCVI, fies 1 2; 0—-15.

Samples 5, 25, 29, 50a (here in part approaching var. depresswi,

W.& G. 8. West), 33.

Long., 62-73 »; lat., 55-63; lat. isthim., 17-18 pp. Recorded from

the Karoo by G. 8S. West.

Var. tumidum, Wolle, Desm. United States, 1884, p. 75, Tab. NX VIT,

fies, 8-b: W: & G. S. West, loc. cit., Dano; Pls XCViL ies eee:

(Syn... C. subbotrytis, Schinidle).

Samples 29, 29a, 31.

» loi )

Long., 63-72 p; lat.. 54-60 w; lat. isthin., 15-L6p.

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 557

17. Cosmarium pseudobroomei, Wolle; W.& G.S. West, op. cit., iv,

1912, p. 22, Pl. C, figs. 7, 8, and Pl. CIII, fig. 7.

Forma ad var. converum, W. & G. S. West accedens, sed fere tam

longum quam latum. Long., 37-40; lat., 36-39 »; lat. isthm, 11 p.

Sample 24.

This form resembles the type more nearly in its dimensions, but the

lateral margins are pronouncedly convex and the apex is slightly

convex. The granules are arranged in evident vertical series.

Fic. 29.—Cosmarium subbroomei, Schmidle, formae. a. Forma typica,

front-view. band d. Forma pseudo-quadrum, front-views. ¢c. Forma

pseudo-conspersum, front-view ; e, e’, e”, diverse end-views, the appro-

priate specimens to which they belong being indicated by interrupted

lines. f. Individual in side-view. The complete granulation is only

shown in Fig. a. All figures x 1000.

18. Cosmarium subbroomei, Schmidle, Beitr. z. Algenfl. d. Schwarz-

wald. u. Rheineb., Ber. naturf. Ges. Freiburg i. B., vii, 1893, p. 104,

Tab. V, figs. 22-24; W. & G. S. West, op. cit., iv, 1912, p. 28, Pl. C,

fies. 10; IY.

Formae diversae, pro parte ad C. quadrum, Lund., et C. conspersum,

Ralfs accedens (Fig. 29).

Samples 54a, 35, 48.

The reference of the specimens in the above samples to C. aub-

broome?, Schmidle, is based solely on the end-view and the character

of the granulation. As far as the shape im front-view of these speci-

mens is concerned, they might be referred to C. quadrum, Lund.,

C. conspersuim, Ralfs, or even to C. margaritatum (Lund.), Roy & Biss.,

since individuals showing the shape characteristic of these species, on

558 Annals of the South African Musewne.

one or both semicells, were always to be found (Fig. 29, a—-d). These

three species are, however, all distinguished by having an end-view

without a trace of median inflation, whereas all the types of cell-form

shown in Fig. 29 had an end-view with a sheht median enlargement ;

in fact, although laree numbers of individuals were examined, all

showed this character quite distinctly. It may be mentioned that the

end-view was, in general, much more like that shown by Messrs. West

in Fig. 11 (loc. cit., Pl. C) than that depicted by Schmidle. A peculiar

form of end-view, with flattened poles, only noticed in connection with

a front-view of the conspersum-type, is seen in Fig. 29, e””.

As regards the granulation, the granules were, in the vast'majority

of cases, of the fine type figured by Schmidle and Messrs. West. In

sample 48, however, occasional individuals with a coarser granulation,

more like that of C. quadrum, Lund., were observed; some of these

individuals also showed reduction of the granulation in the middle of

the apex, such as is characteristic for this species. In correspondence

with the larger size of the specimens (ef. below), the granules were

nore numerous than in Schmidle’s or Messrs. West’s forms. More-

over they covered practically the whole surface of the semicells in a

uniform manner. In general they were arranged in concentric series

(Fig. 29, a), as in Messrs. West's specimens, although occasional

individuals showed them in more or less obvious vertical series.

These diverse forms may be enumerated as follows :

(a) Forma typica (Fig. 29, a, e): Long., 48-52 p; lat., 47-50 p;

lat. isthm., 14-15 2; crass., 22-24. Dimensions of individual speci-

mens: .48 x 49, 52 x 48, 50 x 47, 51 x 50,48 x 48, 50 x 50 p.

(b) Forma pseudo-quadrum (Fig. 29, b, d, e’): Long., 48-51 p;

lat., 44-49 pp; lat. isthim., 15-15 ». Dimensions of individual speci-

mens, 48 x 48, 51 x 50, 48 x 49, 48 x 44 p.

lat., 48 po; lat. isthin., 14 p.

In view of the fact that a large percentage of the individuals showed

a shape in front-view very similar to that of C. quadrum, Lund.

(including even a faintly retuse apex in some cases, Fig. 29, d), the

question arises as to whether C. swbbroome?, Schmidle, would not better

be regarded as a variety of C. quadrum, Lund., with several forms. It

inay be well, however, to await further observations before arriving at

a definite conclusion on this point.

Var. pseudo-pearsoni, nov. var. (Fig. 30).

Differt a typo cellulis ca. 1! plo longioribus quam latis, semicellulis

ovato-pyramidatis, lateribus convexis et convergentibus, apice indis-

tincte truncato, granulis parvis numerosis in seriebus confertis con-

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 559

centricis ordinatis; a vertice visis ellipticis, polis late rotundatis.

inflatione mediana distincta subacuta. Long., 50-60 1; lat., 43-50 po;

lat. isthm., 12-15 p.

Samples 24, 26.

This va riety shows considerable resemblance to (. pearsoni, G.S.

West (Freshw. Ale. Percy Sladen Mem. Exped., Ann. S. Afr. Museum,

ix, 1912, p. 87, Pl. I, fig. 42), and the name is intended to bring out

this fact. It differs from this species (a) in the end-view, which is

practically that typical for C. subbroomei; (b) in the somewhat coarser

granulation ; and (¢) in the fact that the granules are arranged in

obvious concentric series. Moreover the individuals are smaller. The

Fria. 80.—Cosmarium subbroomei, Schmidle, var. pseudo-pearsoni, nov. var.

x 750.

variety may also be compared with C. botrytis, Menegh., C. radiosum,

Wolle, and C. intermedium, Delp.

Genus XANTHIDIUM EnRENBERG.

1. Xanthidium brevispinum, n. sp. (Fig. 31.)

X. subparvum, ca. tam longum quam latum, profunde constrictum,

sinu angusto-lineari, extremo vix ampliato. Semicellulae late trapezi-

formes, angulis inferioribus late rotundatis, angulis superioribus acutis

(utrisque serie spimarum 35 instructis); lateribus convexis con-

vergentibus, superne fere rectis vel interdum concavis (serie spinarum

3 vel plurium ad angulum lateralem instructis) ; apicibus truncatis

rectis ; semicellulis intra angulum basalem spinis parvis 3-5 et intra

apicem spinis parvis diverse dispositis (plerumque in medio et intra

angulun superiorem utrumque) instructis; prope media semicellula

area diverse scrobiculata. A vertice visae subrhomboideae, polis latis

rotundatis seriebus tribus spmarum 5 instructis, ad medium utrobique

valde incrassatae spina bifurcata munitae ; a latere visae >

Long., 42 w; lat. max. sine acul., 42 4; lat. apic., 27 1; lat. isthm.,

12»; crass., 23 p.

Sample 7 (very rare).

560 Annals of the South African Museum.

T have unfortunately been unable to obtain a side-view of this

species, but it is sufficiently different from those hitherto described to

warrant the establishment of a distinct form. In general shape the

semicells are not unlike those of X. antilopaeum (Bréb.), Kuetz., but

they differ from them in the very short spines, in their rather different

arrangement, and in the end-view; cf. also X. mayor, G. S. West

(Contrib. to our knowl. Freshw. Ale. Columbia, Mem. Soc. neucha-

teloise d. Se. nat., v, 1914, p. 1041, Pl. XXII, fig. 41).

Fie. 81.—NXanthidium brevispinum, n. sp. x 600.

Genus ARTHRODESMUS EHRENBERG.

1. Arthrodesmus incus (Bréb.), Hassall, Brit. Freshw. Alg., 1845,

p. 357, Tab. LX XXV, fig. 10; W. & G. S. West, op. cit.,av, 1912,

Peco eee Xela tose ls — ley.

Sample 54 (very rare).

Long. cell. sine spin., 18; lat. cell. sine spin., 15 »; crass., 9-10 p.

Genus STAURASTRUM Mevyen.

1. Staurastrum striolatum (Naeg.), Arch.; W. & G. S. West, op.

lt ava LOO ep eli, el CXOV LI fess.

Sample 2 (rather rare).

Long., 28-30»; lat. 24-25 w; lat. isthm., 9p. In some specimens

the apex of the semicell, in front-view, appeared very faintly convex.

The vertical view was always absolutely typical.

2. Staurastrum punctulatum, Bréb.; W. & G. S. West, op. Cit., 1V,

TOE peli gd, El OXEVLL esse 3 il ae

Sample & (rather common).

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 561

Long., 33»: lat., 26; lat. isthm., 12. All individuals triangular

in end-view.

3. Staurastrum hexagonale, un. sp. (Fig. 52.)

S. subparvum, cireiter 1} plo longius quam latum, modice con-

strictum, sinu acutangulo late aperto. Semicellulae transverse hexa-

vonae, angulis lateralibus leviter productis, angulis omnibus plus

minus rotundatis; apicibus rectis truncatis; marginibus lateralibus

superioribus fere rectis, marginibus lateralibus inferioribus rectis vel

leviter concavis. A vertice visae tri- vel quadrangulares, angulis

rotundatis, lateribus plus minus concavis. Membrana in parte

centrali semicellularum laevis, sed angulis granulis parvis rotundatis,

Fig. 32.—Stawrastrum hexagonale,n. sp. * 750.

concentrice dispositis, munitis, iis in apice anguli utriusque paullo

majoribus, plus minus acutis, etiam dentiformibus.

Long., 33-36 p; lat., 25-380»; lat. isthm., 10-12 p; crass., 19-20 p.

Samples 8, 19.

This species is characterised hy the hexagonal shape of the seml-

cells in front-view (Fig. 32). In this respect it differs markedly

from the nearly allied S. punctulatum, Bréb. Other points of

distinction are: (a) The more marked rounding of the ends and

the concavity of the sides in end-view; (6) the absence of cranules

from the central part of the semicells ; (¢) the tooth-like character of

the granules at the ends; and (d) the proportionally greater length.

In outline it bears some resemblance to 8S. angulosum, Schmidt (which,

however, I only know from the inadequate figures in Migula, Krypto-

562 Annals of the South African Museum.

cvamenfl., vi, 1907, Tab. XXVIT, B, fig. 2), and to S. swbaimoenum,

Maskell (Trans. New Zealand Inst., xxi, 1888, p. 22, fig. 37), from

both of which it however differs in important respects, Compare also

S. tristichum, Elfy.

4. Staurastrum gracile, Ralfs, Brit. Desm., 1848, p. 156, Tab. XXTI,

fie. 12.

Samples 14, 15, 21, 24, 52 (rare in all cases).

Long., 36 «; lat. cum proc., 60 w; lat. sine proc., 20 4; lat. isthm.,

12 pz:

GENuS SPONDYLOSIUM Brepsisson.

1. Spondylosinm pygmaeum (Cooke), West, Freshw. Ale W. Ireland,

Journ. Linn. Soc., Bot., xxix, i891, p. 116. (Syn.: Sphaerozosma

Fre, 33.—Spondylosium pygmaeum (Cooke), West, var. capensis, nov. var.

a, d, e, cells and semicells in end-view ; b,c, isolated cells ; f, 9, chains.

All figures x 750.

pygmaeum, Cooke (Brit. Desm., 1887, p. 5, Pl. II, fig. 5), non

Rabenh.) (Fig. 33).

Samples 8 and 10 (in clusters on surface of Tribonema bomby-

CinUnL), D7.

The cells are rather larger than those recorded by Cooke (long.,

11-12 p»; lat., 10-12; lat. isthm., 4-5 »; crass., 6 ~) and were rarely

connected in chains of more than three or four (Fig. 53, g), often

merely forming irregular groups attached to the surface of the sub-

stratum. Numerous isolated cells were encountered, and in sample

57 practically no chains were observed. In some of the longer chains

a tightly-fitting mucilage envelope could be distinguished (Fig. 33, ).

As regards shape of cell, the apices were, on the whole, rather flatter

than appears in Cooke’s figures. Whilst in many cases the end-view

was a broad ellipse, numerous individuals were encountered in which

it was triangular (cf. Fig. 35, a, d,e). In view of these differences,

the form in the present material should perhaps be distinguished as a

yar. capensis, nov. var., with the following diagnosis ;

ui)

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 563

Ditfert a typo cellulis majoribus, apicibus plus minus complanatis,

isthmo latiore; a vertice visis ellipticis vel triangularibus, angulis

rotundatis. Cellulis aut singulis aut in filis brevibus dispositis, saepe

algis filamentosis adhaerentibus.

Attention may be drawn to the similarity between these specimens

and Cosmarium minimum, W. & G. S. West (op. cit., ii, 1908, p. 66,

Pl. LXXTI, figs. 1, 2), as well as C. imconspicuum, W. & G. S. West

(loe= cit., 11, 1905: pelo4eePl. UXT, figs. 1, 2). Both of these show

certain differences, but in view of the capacity of S. pygmaeum to

exist in the non-filamentous condition, the possibility of some of these

minute Cosmaria being forms or varieties of this species should be

kept insight. Another form that bears some resemblance to the

specimens of 8. pygmaeum with triangular end-views is Staurastrum

coarctatum, Bréb., var. ewrtum, Nordstedt (Vid. Medd. Nat. Foren. i,

Kjobenhavn, 1869, p. 224, Fig. 50).

(3) ZYGNEMACBAE.

Genus SPIROGYRA Linx.

1. ? Spirogyra maxima (Hass.), Wittrock, Bot. Notiser, 1882, p. 57;

Borge, Zygnemales, in Suesswasserfl. Deutschl., Oesterreichs u. d.

Schweiz, ix, 1913, p. 55, fig. 46. (Syn.: 8. orbicularis (Hass.),

Kuetz.)

Samples 46, 47.

Diam. fil, 150-170 ». Many of the filaments were in process of

conjugation, but none had formed any zygospores. The characters of

the vegetative filaments, however, altogether agree with the above

species. .

2. Spirogyra juergensii, Kuetzing, Phycol. german., 1845, p. 222:

BOree, Op. cit. pa Ze, fig. 23; Petit, Spirog. d. env. d. Paris, 1880,

pp» 16; 17, PIV, tess 6.47:

Sample 32 (not very common).

Diam. fil., 24-25 w; lat. zygosp., 30 ~; long. zygosp., 54-60 p.

The specimens agree exactly in vegetative and reproductive characters

with the description in Petit (Joc. cit.). The fructifying cells are very

slightly inflated to accommodate the zygospores. Some authorities

regard this species as a form of S. porticalis (Muell.), Cleve (Sy: 1S:

quinina (Kuetz.), Kirchn.), but it seems sufficiently distinct to warrant

a separate species.

3. Spirogyra hassallii (Jenner), Petit, op. cit., p. 12, PI. II. figs. 6-8 ;

Borge, op. cit., p19, fig: 11.

564: Annals of the South African Museum.

Sample 32 (rather rare).

Diam. fil., 30 p; lat. zygosp., 42-54 pw; long. zygosp., 96-114 p.

The material was rather scanty, so that a slight doubt attaches to this

determination. The cells were, however, invariably provided with

two chloroplasts, the conjugation was always lateral, and the fructify-

ing cells were not very strongly inflated. The dimensions of the

zygospore are larger than those given by Petit, but agree with those

recorded by Teodoresco (FI. algol. d. 1. Roumanie, Beih. Bot. Centralbl.,

xxi, Abt. ii, p. 194). The membrane was rather thick and showed a

faint stratification.

(Note.—Sterile, and therefore indeterminable, species of Spirogyra

were also observed in the following samples: 3, 5, 21, 23 (a species

with very wide flat cells, diam. about 150 p, shorter than long, and

often not more than 4 as long as broad, 4-6 spirals, with several large

pyrenoids, describing from } to 1 turn—probably a form of S. mavima),

42 (a species, with folded ends, more or less elongated cells with one

chloroplast in the shape of a very wide spiral, making several turns,

diam. cell., 41-42 p), 25, 26, 28, 32, 34, 34a, 35).

Genus ZYGNEMA Acarpu.

1. Zyqnema ericetorum (Kuetz.), Hansgirg, Prodr. d. Algenfl. v.

Boehmen, i, 1886, p. 155; Borge, op. cit., p. 37, fig. 61. (Syn.: Zygo-

gonium ericetorum, Kuetz.) |

Sample 51.

I tentatively refer this form to the above species, on account of the

form of the chloroplast, which is that typical for Z. ericetorum, as

described by West and Starkey (New Phytol., xiv, 1915, p. 205).

The cells were often very flat, from one-half to twice as long as broad,

whilst the chloroplast only occupied a small region in the centre of the

cell. The chloroplast had one, or more commonly two, pyrenoids.

The cell-membrane was moderately thickened, the specimens appearing

to belong to the forma aquatica. Diam. cell., 30-33 p. There were

no constrictions between the cells.

2. Zygnema stellinum (Vauch.), Agardh, Syst. Alg., 1824, p. 77;

Borge, op. cit., p. 36, fig. 57.

Sample 32 (abundant, with numerous immature and mature zygo-

spores).

3. Zygnema (Zygogonium) spirale, n. sp. (Fig. 34.)

Fila vegetativa cellulis rectis, 14-6plo longioribus quam _ latis,

membrana vix incrassata, chromatophoris duabus_ stellatis formae

vulgaris: conjugatione scalariformi, cellulis copulantibus plus minus

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 565

altera versus alteram curvatis, ita ut margo exterior cellulae copulantis

concavus.sit ; filo altero inter copulationem circo alterum spiraliter

torquato ; zygosporis latum tubum copulantem fere replentibus ;

membranae cellularum copulantium et tubi copulantis lamellis plus

minus gelatinosis appositis incrassantur et, ut videtur, integumentum

zygosporae faciunt.

Diam. cell., 18-25 » ; dist. inter margin. exter. cellularum copulan-

tium (i.e. diam. zygosp.), 48-54 ; crass. zygosp. a latere, 30-36 yp;

crass. membr. zygosp. a latere, usque 5 p.

Sample 39 (rather common).

The appearance of the ordinary vegetative cells of this species and

of filaments, not in process of conjugation, is like that of any of the

other common species of the genus (Fig. 34, h). There are two stellate

chloroplasts, rather near together, with a small round nucleus in the

central bridge of protoplasm. The membrane is in no way markedly

thickened and there is no constriction between the cells, the outer

margins of the threads forming perfectly straight lines.

The peculiarities arise in connection with conjugation. In a few

cases conjugating threads have been encountered in which the wide

conjugation-tubes were fully established, without. any of the charac-

teristic thickenings of the membrane having as yet arisen (Fig. 34, ¢),

but this is certainly unusual. Although my material contained none

of the preliminary stages, to judge by subsequent appearances, the

method of conjugation is a combination of the scalariform type usual

in Zygnema and of the geniculate type, characteristic of Mongeotia

(Fig. 34, a-d). There is no doubt that definite conjugation-tubes are

put out, but at the same time the conjugating cells evidently bend

slightly towards one another. This is evidenced by the fact that

every conjugating cell was markedly concave on its outer surface, a

change which is very striking when, as in Fig. 54, c, an unconjugated

cell, which is straight, occurs in the course of a conjugating filament.

The conjugation-tube is in general very wide. It may be mentioned

here that conjugation of one filament with two or three others was not

uncommonly observed.

A second, most characteristic feature of the conjugation-process,

which has led’ to the specific name given to this Alga, is that the two

filaments are always twisted spirally upon one another (Fig. 34, e).

This was noticed with unfailing regularity, wherever some length of

filaments was involved in the conjugation-process. I have been unable

to discover the cause of this phenomenon, but it is obviously a definite

character of the species.

At some stage during the conjugation-process marked thickening of

566 Annals of the South African Museu.

Fie. 34.—Zygnema spirale, n.sp. a. Portion of two filaments in process of

conjugation, showing the development of the membrane-thickenings.

b. Conjugating threads, showing three zygospores. c. Conjugating threads,

without membrane-thickenings. 4. 'Two conjugating threads, stained with

methyl blue, showing two zygospores and the membrane-thickenings. e.

Two threads in conjugation, showing the spiral twisting. f, g. Zygospores,

in side-view. h Ordinary vegetative cells. i. A zygospore in side-view,

showing the outlines of the two conjugating cells. a, 6, ¢, d, h,and i,

x 215i;8e, x L0os and g, x “os: :

The Freshwater Algae of Africa 567

the membranes takes place. These are of a very complicated nature.

In the first place a dense cylinder of thickening gradually develops all

round the inner face of the wall of the conjugation-tube (Fig. 34, b, d,

f.g, i). Simultaneously, appreciable thickening arises on the inner

side of the concave wall of each conjugating cell at a point opposite

the conjugation-tube (Fig. 34, band d; in the latter this thickening is

ieft unshaded). It would appear that this thickening gradually

increases until it extends right up to the fused protoplasts of the con-

jugating cells, within the conjugation-tube (¢/. Fig, 34, b, especially

the second zygospore, and Fig. 34, d). Both of the zones of

thickening mentioned show more or less marked stratification.

Further, as the protoplasts pass towards the conjugation-tube, the

empty ends of the conjugating cells become filled with an, usually

irregularly stratified, mass of an obviously different texture (Fig. 34,

a, b, d, g) to that of the thickenings previously described. This is

borne out by staining with methyl blue, when the extensive thickening

in the ends of the cells rapidly takes on an almost homogeneous deep

blue colour, whilst the remaining thickening is much more faintly

stained (Fig. 34, d). In all probability the thickening in the ends of

the cells is semi-mucilaginous in character, a view which is in accord-

ance with its appearance. The figures show that the extent of

development of these thickenings in the ends of the conjugating cells

is rather variable, a larger or smaller part of the lumen being left

unoccupied. Even this, however, appears to contain some mucilage,

as methyl blue stains the whole empty cell-cavity almost uniformly

(Fig. 34, d).

Owing to the spiral twisting of the conjugating threads, it is easy to

obtain a side-view of the zygospore. In sucha view (Fig. 34, f, g, 7) the

zygospore appears provided with a uniform, thick, stratified membrane,

formed by the thickening of the wall of the conjugation-tube. In the

ordinary aspect of the zygospore (e.g. Fig. 34, d) this would form a

vertical girdle, whilst the thickenings on the walls of the conjugating

cells, opposite the conjugation-tube, would form an incomplete equa-

torial girdle. There does not, however, usually appear to be a com-

plete membrane encircling the zygospore in front-view (Fig. 34, 6, d),

since at the points where the latter faces towards the four ends of the

conjugating cells there does not seem to be any covering, apart from

the mucilage above mentioned (cf. Fig. 34, d). The integument of

the zygospore would thus consist of two broad encircling bands of

dense membrane-thickening at right angles to one another, whilst the

gaps are filled out by the paired halves of the conjugating cells, with

their mucilaginous thickening. It seems probable that, after conjuga-

568 Annals of the South African Museum.

tion is complete, the filaments dissociate in such a way that the paired

ends of the conjugating cells remain, for a time at least, in connection

with the zygospore. Unfortunately, however, the material did not

contain any stages older than those figured, although an occasional

tendency to split between the successive cells of filaments with mature

zygospores was observed. In a very few cases I have seen stages in

which it looked as though a dense strip of membrane might also be

developing round the zygospore opposite the lumina of the conjugating

cells. It is of course possible that none of the zygospores in the

material had attained to complete maturity, which would also explain

the highly irregular shape of the contents (Fig. 34, b,d). That the

very peculiar thickening of the membranes above described plays a

great part in the constitution of the wall of the zygospore can, how-

ever, scarcely be doubted. Non-conjugating cells, in threads which

are conjugating, are not thickened in any way.

The species is specially distinguished by the method of conjugation,

by the spiral twisting of the conjugating threads, by the very complex

membrane-thickenings of the conjugating cells, and by the character

of the zygospore. It is possible that the peculiarities in the method

of conjugation, combined with those of the zygospore, will ultimately

warrant the establishment of a separate genus, but a more detailed

study is necessary to settle that point.

A remote comparison may be instituted with Z. pachydermum,

W.& G. 8S. West (On some Freshw. Alg. from the W. Ind., Journ.

Linn. Soc., Bot., xxx, 1894, p. 266, Pl. XIII, figs. 1-16), a species

which West and Starkey now regard as synonymous with Z. ericetorum

(loc. cit., p. 203). There are many marked differences. Somewhat

similar membrane-thickenings occur in some species of Debarya (e. q.

D. hardyi, G. S. West).

(Note.—Sterile species of Zygnema were present in samples 1, 22,

24, 46, and 50.)

(4) MESOCARPACKAE.

Genus MOUGEOTIA Aacarpu.

1. ? Mougeotia gracillima (Hass.), Wittr.; Borge, op. cit., p. 48,

fig. 76.

Sample 54 (sterile).

Diam. fil., 6-7 »; cells 15-20 times as long as broad.

(Note.—Sterile species of this genus were also observed in samples

1, 3, 8, 19, 37, 38, 41, 50, 56, 57.)

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 569

Il. HETBROKONTAE.

(4) TRIBONEMACEAE.

Genus OPHIOCYTIUM Nagee tt.

1. Ophiocytium majus, Naegeli, Gatt. einzell. Algen, 1848, p. 89,

Pl. IV, A, fig. 2; Heering, Suesswasseralg. Schleswig-Holsteins, etc.,

i, 1906, p. 120, fig. 25.

Sample 48.

2. Ophiocytium parvulum (Perty), A. Braun, Alg. unicell., etc.,

1855, p. 55; Heering, op. cit., p. 124, fig. 31.

Sample 2 (very rare).

3. Ophiocytium arbuscula (A. Braun), Rabenhorst, Fl. Europ. Alg.,

etc., ii, 1868, p. 68; Heering, op. cit., p. 116, fig. 22. (Syn.: Scia-

dium arbuscula, A. Braun.)

Sample 21 (on Oedogonium sp.)

Many of the individuals showed good stages in aplanospore-forma-

tion.

Genus TRIBONEMA Derpsets Er So.ier.

1. Tribonema bombycinum, Derbes et Solier, Mém. sur q. points d.l.

physiol. d. algues, Suppl. aux Comptes rendues, 1, 1856, p. 18; Heering,

op. cit., p. 151, fig. 86.. (Syn.: Conferva bombycina, Ag.)

Forma genuina, Wille.

Samples 2, 7 (rare), 8, 9, 10.

Forma minor, Wille.

Samples 27, 46, 48, 50.

Ill. CYANOPHYCEAE (MYXOPHYCEAB).

(a) CHROOCOCCALES.

(1) CHROOCOCCACEAE.

GENus CHROOCOCCUS Nagecetti.

1. Chroococcus minutus (Kuetz.), Naegeli, Gatt. einzell. Algen, 1849,

p. 46; Forti, Sylloge Myxophycearum, 1907, p. 14.

Sample 42 (scattered among other Algae, rare).

570 Annals of the South African Museum.

Previously recorded by Wille from South Africa; by G. 8. West

from Great Namaqualand.

Genus GLOEOCAPSA Kuverzine.

1. Gloeocapsa rupicola, Kuetzing, Spec. Alg., 1849, p. 221; Forti,

op. cit., p. 38.

Sample 42 (not uncommon).

Grnus APHANOCAPSA NagcGe ct.

1. Aphanocapsa elachisia, W. & G. S. West, On some Freshw. Algae

from the W. Ind., Journ. Linn. Soc., Bot., xxx, 1894, p: 276, PU OVe

figs. 9,10; Forti, op. cit., p. 73.

Var. conferta, W. & G. 8. West, Period. Phytoplankton Brit. Lakes,

Journ. Linn. Soc., Bot., xl, 1912, p. 482, Pl. XIX, fig. 1.

Sample 59.

Long. colon., 81-144; lat., 68-105 »; diam. cell., 15-2°5 p.

Genus APHANOTHECE Naseeti.

1. Aphanothece microspora (Menegh.), Rabenhorst, Fl. europ. Alg.,

11, 1865, p. 64; Forti, op. cit., p. 84.

Sample 23.

Diam. cell., 55-6 u; long. cell., 10-11 p. This Aphanothece seems

to accord best with the above species. The cell-contents were very

slightly, but invariably, granular, and the general mucilage was dis-

tinctly yellowish in places.* I can find no mention of these features

in any of the published descriptions. The sheaths of the individual

cells were mostly completely diffluent, but were visible at a few points.

This species certainly comes close to A. naegelii, Wartm.

Genus MICROCYSTIS Kuverzrne.

1. Microcystis sp.

Samples 14, 15 (abundant).

This is possibly a form of M. aeruginosa, Kuetz. (Syn.: Clathro-

cystis aeruginosa (Kuetz.), Henfrey), which is known to be very

variable. The small, free-floating colonies, surrounded by a distinct

mucilage-envelope, were in general roughly spherical, but sometimes

of irregular outline (diam. of spherical colonies, 18-30 »; dimensions

of elongated colonies, 27 x 21,33 x 24,48 x 24 mw); occasionally it

looked as though such colonies were breaking up into smaller ones.

The cells were minute (diam., 1°5-3 »), spherical or slightly oval, and

* This is also the case in specimens of this species (J. E. Tilden, 8. Pacific

Algae, No. 3) examined at the British Museum ; they differ only in the smaller

size of the cells.

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 571

either had homogeneous pale blue-green contents or some or all of the

cells were provided with gas-vacuoles. The cells were not very densely

arranged, being generally separated by more than their own diameter

from one another.

The different species of Microcystis are so imperfectly known that it

is very difficult to decide on the position of this form; it comes near

to those species which have free-floating, more or less spherical

colonies, e.g. M. protogenita (Bias), Rabenh., M. olivacea, Kuetz., etc.,

in which, however, the cells are generally much more densely crowded.

In the relatively remote spacing of the cells our form approaches the

smaller species of Aphanocapsa (e.g. A. elachista, W. & G. 5. West),

which are altogether very hard to separate generically from Micro-

cystis. Tam not, however, aware that a development of gas-vacuoles

has been recorded in the former genus.

There is also a resemblance to Aphanocapsu grevillei, Rabenh., var.

microgranula, W. West (Algae W. Ireland, Journ. Linn. Soc., Bote xxix

1891, p. 199, Pl. XVIII, fig. 9), which might perhaps be better

referred to the genus Microcystis.

Genus GOMPHOSPHAERIA Kuvetzina.

1. Gomphosphaeria lacustris, Chodat, Bull. d. L’ Herbier Boissier,

vi, 1898, p. 180, fig. 1; Forti, op. cit., p. 99.

Sample 59 (rare).

Genus MERISMOPEDIA Meven.

1. Merismopedia glauca (Ehrenb.), Naegeli, Gatt. einzell. Alg.,

1849, p. 55, Pl. | D, fig. V5 Worti, op. cit., p. 105. .

Sample 25 (very rare).

Previously recorded by Wille from South Africa; by G. 8. West

from Little Namaqualand.

(L) CHAMAESIPHONALKS.

(1) CHAMAESIPHONACEAE.

GENUS CHAMAESIPHON Braun & Grunow.

1. Chamaesiphon inerustans, Grun.; Rabenhorst, Fl. europ. Alg.,

li, 1865, p. 149; Forti, op. cit., p. 186.

Sample 29 (on Oedogonium boreale).

572 Annals of the South African Museum.

2. Chamaesiphon minimus, Schmidle, Beitr. z. Algenfl. Afrikas,

Engler’s Bot, Jahrb., xxx, 1902, p. 62; Forti, op. cit., p. 138.

Sample 44 (forming a dense layer on Dichothrix spiralis, n. sp.).

(1) OSCILLATORIACEAE.

Genus OSCILLATORIA VaucuHeEr.

1. Oscillatoria limosa, Agardh; Gomont, Monogr. d. Oscillariées,

Ann- Scis nate ser. 7, Tabs Xvills93, po 20 PE Vile tows:

Sample 25. é

Diam. trich, 13-18 p. Recorded from Holle River, Calvinia

Division, by G. 8S. West.

2. Oscillatoria tenuis, Agardh; Gomont, op. cit., p. 220, Pl. VII,

figs. 2, 3.

Samples 1, 5, 6.

Diam. trich., 4-6 p. Recorded from Holle River, Calvinia Division

and Little Namaqualand, by G. 8. West.

3. Oscillatoria amphibia, Agardh; Gomont, op. cit., p. 221, Pl. VII,

flos. 4, 5.

Sample 5 (rare).

Diam. trich., 2-35 p.

4. Oscillatoria amoena, Gomont, op. cit., p. 225, Pl. VII, fig. 9.

Sample 45 (rather rare).

Diam. trich., 4 y.

5. Oscillatoria formosa, Bory ; Gomont, op. cit., p. 280, Pl. VII,

fig. 16.

Sample 6.

Diam. trich., 4-5 ». Recorded from Little Namaqualand by G. S.

West.

Genus SPIRULINA Turpin.

1. Spirulina major, Kuetzing, Phye. generalis, 1843, p. 183;

Gomont, op. cit., p. 251, Pl. VII, fig. 29.

Samples 5, 6, 32.

Recorded from Little Namaqualand by G. 5S. West.

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 5

Genus PHORMIDIUM Kuverzina.

1. Phormidium valderianum, Gomont, op. cit., p. 167, Pl. IV,

fig. 20.

Sample 15.

2. Phormidium subfuscum, Kuetzing, op. cit., p. 195; Gomont, op.

cit., p. 182, Pl. V, figs. 17-20.

Samples 41, 43.

Diam. trich., 9-10 p. The apex of the trichomes was rather variable,

being either rounded and without a calyptra or, more commonly, with

a typical conical or hemispherical calyptra. In a considerable number

of cases the conical calyptra was inequilateral. The degree of attenua-

tion of the apex also varied very considerably.

3. Phormidium autumnale, Gomont, op. cit., p. 187, Pl. V, figs. 23, 24.

(Syn.: P. uncinatum, Gom.)

Sample 27.

Genus LYNGBYA C. AGARDH.

1. Lyngbya major, Menegh.; Gomont, op. cit., p. 144, Pl. II,

fig. 15.

Sample 52.

Diam. trich., 12-16 p.

Previously recorded by Wille from South Africa; by G. 8S. West

from Little Namaqualand. .

2. Lyngbya aerugineo-coerulea, Gomont, op. cit., p. 146, Pl. IV,

figs. 1-3.

Samples 37, 41.

Diam. trich., 6 p.

3. Lyngbya rivulariarum, Gomont, op. cit., p. 148.

Forma paullo latior, apice curvato et interdum leviter attenuato.

Diam. fil., usque 1p. (Fig. 35.)

Sample 30 (in the mucilage of Rivularia natans).

I have not seen a figure of Lyngbya rivulariarum, but L have little

doubt that this form is closely allied to it. The sheath was very thin

and closely fitting (Fig. 35, b), and but rarely obvious. The cells

were non-granular, had very hyaline septa, and were several times

longer than broad. Constriction between the cells was, in general,

not at all well-marked ; in fact, in the ordinary filaments, it was often

extremely difficult to recognise the limits of the individual cells. In

the case of short pieces of thread (hormogonia +’), however, the con-

574 Annals of the South African Museum.

striction was quite evident and the limits of each cell were plainly

discernible. (Fig. 35, c.)

The threads were twisted in various ways (Fig. 35, a, d), not

uneommonly looping round those of the Rivularia, and were never

straight for any considerable distance. A very marked feature was

the almost constant deflection of the apex of the filament (Big. 30, a,€)>

and in many cases this was accompanied by a slight attenuation.

(Fig. 35, e.)

It seems possible that the Oscillatoria subtilissima of Kuetzing

(Spec. Alg., p. 238) which Gomont (op. cit, p. 240) places among the

Fig. 35.—Lyngbya rivulariarum, Gomont, forma. x 750.

“species inquirendae,” may be a form of this Lyngbya. The sheath,

at least in my material, would be so readily overlooked that the form

might easily be referred to Oscillatoria, and the remaining characters

are not opposed to this view.

4, Lyngbya kuetzingii, Schmidle, Algol. Not., iv, Allgem. bot.

Zeitschr., 1896, p. 58; Forti, op. cit., p. 280.

Var. distincta (Nordst.), Lemmermann, Algenfl. d. Sandwich-

Inseln, Engler’s Bot. Jahrb., xxxiv, 1905, p. 620 (Syn. : L. subtilis, W.

West ; L. distincta, Schmidle).

Sample 5.

Diam. fil., 13. I follow G. S. West (Rep. Freshw. Alg. Third

Tanganyika Exp., Journ. Linn. Soc., Bot., xxxviil, 1907, p. 174) in

accepting the above synonymy: if the latter is correct, the var.

distincta is evidently variable in two respects, viz. length of cell and

nature of the cell-contents. In W. West’s original diagnosis (Alg.

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. i)

Lake Distr., Journ. Roy. Microscop. Soc., 1892, p. 29) of DL. subtilis

he gives: “lat. fil, 15-18,” and ‘* cytioplasmate pallide aerugineo

et homogeneo, articulis diametro duplo”; subsequently (Freshw.

Ale. W. Ind., Journ. Linn. Soe., Bot., xxx, 1894, p. 274) he gives:

“Jat. fil., 1-4.” Schmidle for his L. distincta states (loc. cit., p. 58) :

“ Faeden ca. 8p dick. Zellen so breit als lang, oder etwas laenger

oder kuerzer, mit granuliertem blaugruenem Inhalt, oft sehr undeut-

Juche?

My specimens had homogeneous cell-contents and the individual

cells were by no means always easily visible. The cells were about

two times as long as broad. They thus corresponded most closely

with W. West’s original form.

Genus SCHIZOTHRIX Kverzina.

1. Schizothrix polytrichoides, n. sp. (Fig. 36.)

S. aquatica, solitaria, stratum non formans et calee non indurata ;

filis principalibus magnis, ceteris gradatim diminutis, omnibus

tortuosis et valde elongatis, parce ramosis ; vaginis amplis (in ramis

ultimis saepe arctis), primo firmis et incrassatis, plus minus fusces-

centibus, tum plus minus irregularibus et diffluentibus, hyalinis, semper

longissime attenuatis; trichomatibus saepe laete aerugineis, per-

multis intra vaginam: ramorum majorum (saepe in fasciculis 1-3

distinctis), 1—pluribus intra vagimam ramorum minorum, saepe plus

minus subparallelis, interdum inter se torquatis; trichomatibus ad

dissepimenta non constrictis, apicibus attenuatis, acutis vel calyptra

conica munitis; protoplasmate plus minus granuloso; dissepimentis

saepe lineis granulorum obductis.

Crass. ram. major., 70-80 w; crass. ram. ult., 12-21 » ; crass. trich.,

35-6 w; cell. 3-12 plo longior. quam lat.

Sample 37.

This species, which, owing to the coloration of the sheaths in the

younger parts, must be regarded as a true Schizothrix (Sect. Chromo-

siphon Gomont), differs from all those hitherto described in the very

large number of trichomes contained within the sheath of the principal

branches. In some of the latter more than fifty trichomes (Fig. 36, D)

‘an be counted, and, even in the smaller branches, they may be

numerous (15-20). In the main filaments the numerous trichomes

do not necessarily occur in a single bundle (as in Fig. 36, D); often,

there are several distinct bundles of trichomes, more or less anasto-

mosing with one another and sooner or later running out into separate

branches (Fig. 36, 4). The trichomes are very densely placed and

576 Annals of the South African Museum.

often run almost parallel for long distances (Fig. 86, B), but at

other points they are more or less coiled round one another (Fig. 36 D).

Tn rare cases filaments were observed twining about one another in a

rope-like manner, as in S. funalis, W. & G. S. West.

= ia

= —— a a

—— a

SinEe

rf = ae!

a Oe = eo.

— — .- = a A \ F S \ -

ae oS \ RQ

—— — ae XN NY SANA

SS ~ BN ‘ ,

\ : WX)

Fia. 86.—Schizothria polytrichoides, n.sp. .A. Small part of a branched fila-

ment, to show the general habit. B. One of the smaller branches. C, 0’.

Two separate trichomes. D. Part of a larger branch. 2H. Portion of a

smaller branch to show the thickened sheath. A, x 95; B, D,and EF, x

450; Cand C’, x 780.

The sheaths in the younger branches are narrow, not uncommonly

have a thickened edge, which is generally smooth, and are of a

brownish colour (Fig. 36, H#). In the older parts, however, the

sheath becomes more or less diffluent, has a thin and often highly

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. S77

uneven edge, which is frequently obscured by the adhesion of numerous

foreign particles, and is generally very wide, standing off considerably

from the mass of contained trichomes (Fig. 36, Band D); the brown

colour appears to become lost, as these older sheaths are hyaline. The

character of the trichomes will be sufficiently plain from the diagnosis

and the figures (Fig. 36, C, C’), without further description. The

individual close-fitting sheaths of the trichomes are sometimes plainly

visible.

The only species of Schizothria that at all approach this one in the

number of trichomes within the sheath are S. mewicana, Gom.,

S. fragilis, Gom., S. rupicola, Tilden (Minnesota Algae, i, 1910,

p. 155, Pl. VI, fig. 25), and S. (Hypheothriz) calida, De Wildeman

(Algues Buitenzorg, 1900, p. 30, Pl. XV, figs. 1-4), all of whieh are,

however, markedly distinct in other respects; nor are the trichomes

nearly as numerous as in our species.

(2) NOSTOCACEAE.

Genus NOSTOC Vaucue_r.

1. Nostoce hederulae, Menegh.; Bornet et Flahault, Revis. d. Nostoc.

hétérocyst., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 7, vi, 1888, p.. 183. (Syne:

N. punctiforme (Kuetz.), Hariot).

Samples 29, 29a, 33 (attached to Cladophora and other aquatic

plants).

2. Nostoc linckia (Roth), Bornet et Flahault, op. cit., p. 192.

Sample 49 (7, no spores).

3. Nostoc pruniforme (Linn.), Ag.; Bornet et Flahault, op. cit.,

p. 215.

Sample 40 (Victoria Falls !).

GrENus NODULARIA Mertens.

1. Nodularia harveyana (Thwaites), Thuret; Bornet et Flahault

op. cit., p. 243.

Sample 26 (not very abundant among Spirogyra).

Recorded from Little Namaqualand by G. S. West.

Genus ANABAENA Bory.

1. Anabaena circinalis, Rabenh.; Bornet et Flahault. op. cit

p. 230.

Sample 30 (?, in the mucilage of Rivularia natans, no spores),

oy,

578 Annals of the South African Museum.

2. Anabaena inaequalis (Kuetz.), Bornet et Flahault, op. cit., p. 231.

Sample 5 (?, epiphytic on Vaucheria), 35 (¢, epiphytic on Clado-

phora).

A form with bundles of straight parallel filaments (diam. up to

8), frequently enclosed within a common sheath whose edge was

often granular ; apparently always epiphytic.

3. Anabaena catenula (Kuetz.), Bornet et Flahault, op. cit., p. 252.

Sample 32.

Lat. cell. veget., 6; lat. heterocyst, 7-75; lat. spor., 8-9;

long. spor., 15 p.

4. Anabaena oblonga, De Wildeman, Algues rapp. par M. J. Massart

dun voyage aux Ind. néerland., Ann. Jard. Buitenzorg, 1 Suppl.,

1897, p. 50; Algues Buitenzorg, 1900, p. 27; Forti, op. cit., p. 447.

(Big: 37, a—c).

Sample 6 (rare, among Cylindrospermum alatosporum, 1. sp.)

Diam. cell. veget., 3°5-4; diam. heteroecyst, 5°54; long. hetero-

eyst., 8-10 p; lat. spor., 64:; long. spor., 9-13°5 p.

The specimens agree well with De Wildeman’s diagnosis, except for the

fact that the spore-membrane shows no yellow colour. De Wildeman

does not describe the shape of the spores, although he gives dimensions

which are quite in accordance with those recorded above. The spores

were cylindrical with flat or slightly rounded ends, and were not

uncommonly a little contracted in the middle, after the manner of

those of A. catenula, Bornet et Flahault (Fig. 57, a, b) ; they were

always remote froin the heterocysts. ‘The apical cell of the trichome

is more or less pointed (Fig. 37, ¢). This species undoubtedly comes

near to A. inaequalis, Bornet et Flahauit, but differs from it in the

shape of the heterocysts and of the spores.

(Note.—Specimens of Anabaena, that were not determinable, were

also encountered in samples 2, 5, 4, 7, 8, 10, 29, 30, 50, 51).

Genus CYLINDROSPERMUM Kverzina.

1. Cylindrospermum alatosporum, n. sp. (Fig. 37, dh.)

Stratum tenue, laete aeruginosum, limo affixum; trichomatibus

dense ageregatis, valde elongatis, subparallelis vel saepe flexuosis, ad

dissepimenta levissime constrictis ; cellulis tam longis quam latis vel

ad duplo longioribus, quadratis vel rectangularibus; polis truncatis,

contentu aeruginoso plus minus granuloso; cellula apical rotundata ;

heterocystis ellipticis vel subconicis, saepe segmentis membranae

numerosis circumdatis ; sporis plerumque singulis, interdum pluribus,

The Freshwater Algae of Africa 579

oblongis vel ellipticis, membrana interiore valde incrassata lutea,

membrana exteriore alaeformi pellucida striis radiantibus munita ad

fines subtruncata, contentu grosse granuloso.

Diam. cell. veget., 3°5-4 2; diam. heterocyst., 5; long. heterocyst.,

Fie. 37.—a-c. Anabaena oblonga, De Wildeman. a and b, Trichomes with

spores. c. Apex of a trichome. d-h. Cylindrospermum alatosporum, n. sp.

d. Mature spore, with heterocyst, showing the irregular remains of the

outer membrane of the spore. e. Trichome, with young spore. jf. Ditto.

g. Mature spore, with double membrane and basal heterocyst, showing

segments of membrane which have been shed. h. 'Trichome with a series

of young spores. All figures x 900.

75-10; diam. spor. sine membr. ext., 9-11 4; cum membr. ext.,

16-21 »; long. spor., 20-50 p.

Sample 6.

This species forms a bright blue-green stratum on the mud, the

stratum bemeg composed of large numbers of densely aggregated

trichomes, which are in part subparallel, but in other places highly

flexuous and intercoiled. The heterocysts are elliptical (Fig. 37, e), or

580 Annals of the South African Museum.

more commonly subconical (Fig. 57, d, f, g), and are characterised by

repeated shedding of the membrane, sporiferous filaments always

showing large numbers of such segments of the membrane in the

immediate neighbourhood of the heterocysts (Fig. 37, d, f, ¢).

The spores are usually produced singly (Fig. 37, d, e, f, g), but

trichomes with a whole series (up to 5) of spores (Fig. 37, h) are

not uncommon. As the cell forming the spore increases in size its

membrane thickens very considerably and gradually takes on a

yellowish colour (Fig. 37, e, f,h). Later a very characteristic second

envelope appears about the spore; this takes the form of a broad

transparent wing-like structure, traversed by numerous radiating lines

(Fig. 387, g) and provided with a smooth thin edge. This outer

envelope is principally developed at the sides of the spore and scarcely

extends round the two ends, where it appears either truncate, or more

commonly concave at the upper, and somewhat rounded at the lower,

end (Fig. 37, 9). It seems that, later, this second envelope shrinks

and then is merely recognisable as an irregular frayed edge to the

inner spore-membrane (Fig. 37, d). It is probable that the outer

spore-envelope is of a mucilaginous nature, since it stains readily with

methyl blue.

As far as [ am aware, only one species of Cylindrospermum (viz. C.

catenatum, Ralfs), exhibiting production of spores in series, has

hitherto become known, and this shows numerous differences from our

species. The most characteristic feature of the latter, however, lies in

the nature of the spore-membranes. An outer envelope something

like that of C. alatosporum appears to occur also in C. stagnale

(Kuetz.), Bornet et Flahault, although of different shape; there are,

moreover, other points of distinction from this species. A granulated

epispore, like that ultimately realised in the spores of our species

(Fig. 37, d), is found in C. majus, Kuetz., C. tropicum, W. & G. 8.

West, C. goetzii, Schmidle, etc., although whether it arises in the same

vay as in C. alatosporum is not evident (cf. also Woloszynska, Stud.

ib. d. Phytoplankton d. Viktoriasees, Hedwigia, lv, 1914, p. 206, Tab.

VIII, fig. 14).

(3) SCYTONEMATACEAE.

Genus SCYTONEMA AGarpu.

1. Scytonema mirabile (Dillw.), Bornet, Nostoc. hétérocyst. d. Syst.

Alg. d. C. Agardh, etc., Bull. Soc. Bot. d. France, xxxvi, 1889, p. 12;

Forti, op. cit., p. 517. (Syn.: S. figuratum, Ag.)

Sample 19.

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 581

Genus TOLYPOTHRIX Kuerzina.

1. Tolypothriz tenuis, Kuetz.,emend. Schmidt, Cyanophyceae Daniae,

Bot. Tidsskrift, xxii, 1898-99, p. 415. (Syn.: T. lanata (Desv.),

Wartm.)

Samples 52-565.

(4) STIGONEM ATACEHAE.

Genus STIGONEMA Aacarpu.*

1. Stigonema hormoides (Kuetz.), Bornet et Flahault, op. cit., sér.

v, 1887, p. 68.

Sample 16 (rare).

(5) RIVULARIACEAE.

Genus RIVULARIA (Ror) Acarpu.

1. Rivularia natans (Hedwig), Welw.; Bornet et Flahault, op. cit.,

sér. 7, iv, 1886, p. 369. (Syn.: Gloeotrichia natans (Hedw.), Rabenh. )

Sample 30 (young colonies attached to water-plants ).

Genus CALOTHRIX Aaqarnpu.

1. Calothrix fusca (Kuetz.), Bornet et Flahault, op. cit., sér. 7, i111,

"1886, p. 364.

Samples 14 (on aquatics), 15 (on Phormidium valderianum).

(Note.—Specimens of this genus that were not determinable also

occurred in samples 16, 29, and 29a.)

Genus DICHOTHRIX Zanarprnt.

1. Dichothriz fusca, n. sp. (Fig. 38.)

Filis in caespites penicillatos dense aggregatis, rupibus affixis (?), ad

700 » longis, e basi angusta gradatim patescentibus ; filis et pseudo-

ramis fere rectis, raro paullo flexuosis; pseudoramis elongatis ad-

pressis, sed apicem versus divergentibus; vaginis crassis, lamellosis,

apicem versus gradatim attenuatis, sed semper apertis, hyalinis vel

plus minus lutescentibus etiam luteo-fuscescentibus; trichomatibus

contentu dense granuloso et saepe brunneo, ad dissepimenta non

constrictis, apicem versus gradatim attenuatis, sed non in pilum

productis, cellulis tam longis quam latis vel brevioribus ; heterocystis

singulis vel raro binis, basilaribus, hemisphaericis.

* Undeterminable specimens of this genus were also present in sample 42,

582 Annals of the South African Museum.

Crass. fil. ram. apical., 9-12 »; crass. trich., 6-9 we; lat. heterocyst.,

9-12 1; crass. vag. ad bas., usque 5 p.

Sample 42.

The species of Dichothriz and their relation to those of the genus

Fie. 88.—Dichothrix fusca, n. sp. A. Entire plant, showing the habit and

the general character of the filaments. B. Base, and C, apex of a

single filament. <A, x 195; Band C, x 370.

Calothriz are so imperfectly known that I must confess to some

hesitation in describing the form in sample 42 as a new species. I

have, however, been unable to convince myself of the correspondence

of the latter with any of the forms hitherto described. D. fusca

belongs to that group of species in which the sheaths gradually taper

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 583

from the base to the apex (Fig. 38, A and C), and, amongst these,

comes nearest to D. baweriana (Grun.), Bornet et Flahault and D.

olivacea (Hooker), Bornet et Flahault ; from the former it differs in

Kia. 89.—Dichothria spiralis,n.sp. A. View of an entire (small) plant to

show the general habit. B. Small portion more strongly enlarged.

show the frequent spiral coiling of the trichomes. A x 60; B x 330;

Cand D, x 660.

the character of the sheath and the absence of a terminal hair to the

trichomes, from the latter in the same respects, as well as in the

nature of the cell-contents.

2. Dichothriz spiralis, n. sp. (Fig. 39.)

Filis in ecaespites irregulares ad 1500 longos aggregatis, plantis

affixis, e basi angusta patescentibus ; filis et pseudoramis plus minus

584, Annals of the South African Museum.

flexuosis ; pseudoramis elongatis, patescentibus, saepe primo adpressis ;

vaginis crassis, plus minus lamellosis, parte exteriore diffluente hyalina,

parte interiore firma fusca vel nigro-fusca, apicem versus attenuatis,

semper apertis; trichomatibus saepe 2-3 parumper intra eandem

vaginam (iis deinde divergentibus vel evanescentibus), nonnunquam

rectis nonnunquam spiraliter contortis, contentu granuloso, ad dissepi-

menta constrictis, apicem versus paullo attenuatis, non in pilum

productis, cellulis tam longis quam latis vel brevioribus; heterocystis

singulis, basilaribus, conicis vel subhemisphaericis.

Crass. fil. ram. apical., 12-16; crass. trich., 5-7»; lat. heterocyst.,

6-7; crass. vag., usque 6 p.

Sample 44.

This is a larger species than D. fusca and is characterised by more

markedly divergent and flexuous branches (Fig. 39, A). As a result,

the plant presents a more irregular appearance, and fails to exhibit the

pronounced penicillate habit of the previous species. There are two

other distinctive features, viz. the nature of the sheath and the

remarkable spiral coiling of the trichomes (Fig. 39, D). The sheaths

consist of a diffluent outer portion which is colourless, and of a much

firmer inner portion which is deep brown to blackish-brown (Fig. 39,

C). The sheaths are in general thick, the trichomes being very

narrow, as compared with the width of the filaments (Fig. 59, C, D).

The spiral inrolling of the trichomes is a local phenomenon, but. is

sufficiently frequent not to escape one even in a cursory examination.

The sheaths are often irregularly inflated at the points where this

spiral inrolling occurs. It is to be noticed that the inner coloured

portion of the sheath is involved in the spiral torsion, only the outer

hyaline part being unaffected (Fig. 39, D).

IV. BACILLARIEAE (DIATOMALES).

(2) CENTRICAE.

(1) MELOSIRACEAE.

Genus MELOSIRA Acarpu.

1. Melosira varians, Ag. ; Van Heurck, Synops. Diat. Belg., 1880-85,

Dy 98s PPO hess lO, DEW Ae as:

Samples 25 (rather common, with auxospores), 33 (rare).

Ort

The Freshwater Alqae of Africa.

(2) COSCINODISCACEAE.

‘

Genus CYCLOTELLA Kuvertzine.

1. Cyclotella operculata, Kuetz.; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 214, Pl.

XCIILI, figs. 22-28.

Samples 25, 51, 33, 48.

(b) PENNATAE.

A. FRAGILARIOIDEAB.

(4) FRAGILARIACEAE.

Genus SYNEDRA EHRENBERG.

1. Synedra pulchella, Kuetz.; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 149, Pl. XL,

figs. 28, 29.

Samples 21, 24 (Gn both cases on Oedogonium sp.), 50a, 31, 35 (on

Cladophora glomerata, etc.), 54.

2. Synedra ulna (Nitzsch), Ehrenb.; Van Heurck, op. cif., p. 150,

Pl SOX EL tic 7:

Samples 25, 29, 29a, 31, 32, 33, 52, 54.

Previously recorded from South Africa by Wille, and by G. 8S. West

from Holle River, Calvinia Division; Gansfontein, Ceres Division, and

Little Namaqualand.

3. Synedra acus (Kuetz.), Grun.; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 151, Pl.

XXXIX, fig. 4.

Samples 14, 28, 32, 52-55.

Previously recorded by Wille from South Africa; by G. S. West

from Little Namaqualand.

A. Synedra radians (Kuetz.), Grun.; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 151,

Pixxx, hele

Samples 31 and 53 (on Cladophora glomerata).

(5) HUNOTIACEHAE.

Genus EUNOTIA EHRENBERG.

1. Hunotia diodon, Ehrenb.; Rabenhorst, Fl. Europ. Ale., 1, 1864,

p. 69, fig. 16; Van Heurck, op. cit., Pl. XX XIII, fig. 6.

Sample 10 (rather rare).

Long., 842; lat., 15-16 p.

Annals of the South African Museum.

2. Eunotia (Himantidium) pectinalis, Kuetz.; Van Heurck, op. cit.,

p: 142, Pl XXXII fies: 15; 16.

Samples 8, 9, 10, 41, 52, 54, 55.

Particularly good specimens in sample 10, here together with vars.

minor, Kuetz. and var. impressa, O. Muell. The species has previously

been recorded from South Africa by G. 8. West.

3. Hunotia lunaris (Ebrenb ), Grun.; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 144,

Pl. XXXV, figs. 3, 4, 6a. (Syn.: Synedra lunaris, Ehrenb.)

Samples 2 (on Uribonema bombycinum), 56, 57 (on Hormidium

subtile).

4. Kunotia bicapitata, Grun.; Van Heurck, OPs -Clbag tee PRONE

fig, 11. (Syn.: Synedra biceps, W. Smith, Brit. Diatom., i, 1853,

p. 69, Pl. XI, fig. 83) (fig. nostr. 40, h, h’.)

Samples 2, 8, 9, 10 (in all cases on Tribonema bombycinum).

This form appears to be not uncommon in the Cape Peninsula,

forming characteristic stellate bunches attached to filamentous Algae.

There can be no doubt about their reference to the genus Ewnotia.

The valves are little curved, as in the figures cited above, and have a

rather thick wall, and slightly inflated, somewhat recurved extremities ;

the inflation is more marked on the convex than on the concave side

(Fig 40,4). The punctate striae extend across the valves without

interruption. The valves vary considerably in size, being 140-240 pu

long and 6-8» broad. Wan Heurck suggests that this is a variety of

Li. flexuosa, Kuetz. (forms of which were also present in sample 10),

but it would seem a better policy to regard this species as a variety of

Ei. bicapitata, Grun. ‘here is considerable resemblance between the

latter and H. (Himantidium) major (W.Sm.), Rabenh. (H. majus, W.

Smith, op. cit., ii, p. 14, Pl. XXXIII, fig. 286), and the two may

possibly be different habit-forms of the same species.

B. ACHNANTHOIDEAE.

(1) ACHNANTHACEAE.

Genus ACHNANTHES Bory.

1. Achnanthes minutissima, IXuetz.; Cleve, Synops. Naviculoid

Diat., u, K. Sv. Vet.-Ak. Handl., xxvii, No. 3, 1895, p. 188; Van

Heurck op. cit, ps lol, Pll xX Vid fies.3 7.38:

Samples 10 (on Tribonema), 14and 15 (on Oedogonium), 31 (on

Cladophora), 52-55 (on Tolypothriv).

The Freshwater Algae of Africa.

Recorded from Little Namaqualand by G. S. West.

2. Achnanthes lanceolata, Bréb.; Cleve, op. cit., p. 191; Van Heurck,

op. cit., p. 131, Pl. XX VII, figs. 8-11.

Samples 41 and 43 (on Cyanophyceae), 52-55 (on Tolypothria and

Oedogonium).

Recorded from the Holle River, Calvinia Division, by G. 8. West.

3. Achnanthes coarctata, Bréb.; Cleve. op. cit., p. 192; Van Heurck,

Op. cit. Ps loUy Ee OV, figs, 17-20.

Samples 10 (on Tribonema), 43 (on Phormidium).

Long., 30-33 »; lat., 6-8 p. Previously recorded from the Holle

River, Calvinia Division, by G. 8. West.

(2) COCCONEIDACEAE.

Genus COCCONEIS EuRENBERG.

1. Cocconeis pediculus, Ehrenb. ; Cleve, op. cit., p. 169; Van Heurck,

op. cit., p. 133, Pl. XXX, figs. 28-30.

Samples 45 (on Cladophora, abundant), 52-55 (on Ocodogonium,

Lyngbya).

2. Cocconeis placentula, Ehrenb. ; Cleve, op. cit., p. 169 ; Van Heurck,

op. cit., p. 188, Pl XXX, figs. 26, 27.

Samples 52-55 (together with C. pediculus).

C. NAVICULOIDEAE.

(1) NAVICULACEARE.

Genus MASTOGLOIA Tuwaitss.

1. Mastogloia grevillei, W. Smith, Brit. Diat., ii, 1856, pa oo, Pi

LXII, fig. 389; Cleve, op. cit., p. 146.

Samples 6, 52.

Long., HL =ay¢ ihe late, 213 fic

2. Mastogloia smithii, Thwaites ; W. Smith, op. cit., p. 65, Pl. LIV,

fig. 341 ; Cleve, op. cit., p. 152.

Samples 4, 6.

Long., 45-48 p; lat., 12-15 p.

588 Annals of the South African Museum.

Genus NAVICULA Bory.

Section DIPLONEIS EuRENBERG.

1. Navicula (Diploneis) ovalis, Hilse; Cleve, op. cit., 1, K. Sv. Vet.-

Ak. Handl., xxvi, 1894, No. 2, p. 92.

Samples 4, 5, 6, 52, 54.

Long., 33-48 pp; lat., 18-24 p.

tohe)

Section NEIDIUM Prirzer.

1. Navicula (Neidium) affinis, Ehrenberg; Cleve, op. cit., p. 68;

Van Heurck, op. cit., Pl. XIII, fig. 4.

Sample 4.

Long., 65-78 x; lat., 16-18 p.

2. Navicula (Neidium) iridis, Ehrenberg; Cleve, op. cit., p. 69 ;

Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 103, Pl. XIII, fig. 1.

Sample 4.

A very small form. lLong., 54 y; lat., 15 p.

3. Navicula (Neidiwm) dubia, Ehrenberg; Cleve, op. cit., p. 70.

(Syn. : N. iridis, Ehrenb., var. dubia, Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 104:

Suppl. Pl. B, fig. 32.)

Sample 5.

Small form. Long., 22 p; lat., 8°5 p.

Section NAVICULAE ORTHOSTICHAE Cueve.

1. Navicula cuspidata, Kuetz.; Cleve, op. cit., p. 109; Van Heurck,

Oprcib. pa LOOP) MU fist:

Var. ambigua, Ehrenb. ; Cleve, op. cit., p. 110. (Syn.: N. ambigua,

Ehrenb.; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 100, Pl. XII, fig. 5 )

Sample 26.

Long., 66 »; lat., 18 p.

The type has been recorded from Little Namaqualand by G. 5.

West.

Section FRUSTULIA Acarpu.

1. Navicula (Frustulia) rhomboides, Ehrenb.; Cleve, op. cit., p. 122.

(Syn.: Vanheurekia rhomboides, Bréb. ; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 112,

Pl Vel viross ee)

Samples 2,8, 9, 10, 19.

The Freshwater Alyjae of Africa. 589

Var. saxonica, Rabenh.; Cleve, op. cit., p. 123. (Syn.: N. sawonica,

Rabenh. ; N. crassinervia, Breb.)

Samples 1, 7, 8, 9, 10, 43.

Long., 48-63 p; lat., 12-15 p.

2. Navicwla (Frustulia) vulgaris, Thw.; Cleve, op. cit., p. 122.

(Syn.: Vanheurckia vulgaris (Thw.), Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 112, Pl.

XVII, fig. 6; Colletonema vulgaris, Thw.)

Sample 41.

Section NAVICULAE MESOLEIAE Cueve.

1. Navicula pupula, Kuetz.; Cleve, op. cit., p. 131; Van Heurck,

op. cit., p. 106, Pl. XIII, figs. 15, 16.

Var. subcapitata, Hustedt; v. Schoenfeldt, Bacillariales, in A.

Pascher, Suesswasserflora Deutschlands, Osterreichs, etc., x, 1915,

p. 79 (Fig. 40, e).

Samples 4, 6.

The type has been recorded from South Africa by G. 8. West.

Section NAVICULAE MINUSCULAE Cuteve.

1. Navicula muralis, Grun.; Cleve, op. cit., i, p. 3.

Sample 41 (very rare).

Section NAVICULAE LINEOLATAE Cueve.

1. Navicula cincta, Ehrenb.; Cleve, op. cit., p. 16; Van Heurck,

op. cit., p. 82, Pl. VIL, figs. 13, 14.

Samples 4, 5,6, 25, 43.

A not uncommon form. Long., 27-36 pw; lat., 6-7 p,

2. Navicula eryptocephala, Kuetz.; Cleve, op. cit., p. 14; Van

Heurck, op. cit., p. 84, Pl. VIII, figs. 1, 5.

Samples 4, 25, 26, 31,32, 53, 36, 43, 48.

Long., 22-35 pw; lat., 5-7°5 p,

Recorded from Holle River, Calvinia Division; Gansfontein, Ceres

Division; and Little Namaqualand by G. 8. West.

3. Navicula rhynchocephala, Kuetz.; Cleve, op. cit., p. 15; Van

Heurck, op. cit., p. 84, Pl. VII, fig. 31.

Samples 4, 6.

Previously recorded by Wille from South Africa.

A. Navicula radiosa, Kuetz.; Cleve, op. cit., p. 17; Van Heurck,

op. cit., p. 83, Pl. VII, fig. 20. (Syn.: N. acuta, W. Smith.)

a9 Annals of the South African Museum.

Sample 25.

Tonos AOU i= alate 26a.

5. Navicula anglica, Ralfs ; Cleve, op. cit., p. 22; Van Heurck, op.

cit., p. 87, Pl. VIII, fig. 29. (Syn.: N. tumida, W. Smith.)

Samples 3, 4, 5, 6.

Long., 30-36 »; lat., 12-13 p.

6. Navicula muticopsis, Van Heurck, Diatomées, Résult. d. voy. d.

S. Y. Belgica, 1909, p. 12, Pl. II, fig. 181.

Samples 32, 43.

Long., 15-18 p; lat., 8-8°5 p.

It is interesting to find this species, which, as far as I am aware,

has hitherto only been recorded from the Antarctic. The specimens

belonged mainly to forma reducta, W. & G. 8. West (Freshw. Algae,

Rep. Brit. Antarct. Exped., 1907-09, i, 1911, pp. 283, 284, Pl. XX VI,

figs. 121-124).

7. Navicula dicephala, W. Smith, op. cit., i, p. 53, Pl. XVII, fig. 157;

Cleve, op. cit., p. 21.

Samples 32, 43.

This is certainly very close to some forms of the previous species.

Section PINNULARIA Eurensera.

1. Navicula (Pinnularia) molaris, Grun.: Cleve, op. cit., p. 74;

Van Heurck, op. cit., Pl. VI, fig. 19.

Samples 5, 32.

Long., 31 FTA AEN tery OSes

2. Navicula (Pinnularia) interrupta, W. Smith, op. cit., i, p. 59,

Pl. XIX, fig. 184; Cleve, op. cit., p. 76 (Fig. 40, a—d).

Samples 2, 4,5, 14, 36 (diverse forms, cf. below).

This is obviously an exceedingly variable species, merging on the one

hand into P. mesolepta, Ehrenb., on the other into P. braunii, Grun.,

and P. bicapitata, Lagerstedt. In Lagerstedt’s original figure of the

latter species (Spetsb. Diat., Bih. Sv. Vet.-Ak. Handl., i, 1873, Tab. I,

Fig. 5) the valves are shown with parallel, shehtly retuse sides and

small capitate ends, while the striae are not interrupted at the middle

of the valve. Van Heurck’s figure (PI. VI, fig. 14), however, shows the

sides as perfectly straight, although otherwise like that of Lagerstedt.

Cleve (op. cit., p. 76) places P. biecapitata under forma biceps of P.

interrupta, this form corresponding to P. interrupta, var. 8, W. Smith

(op. eit., 1, p. 96), which is synonymous with P. biceps, Gregory ; to

this form Cleve also refers the specimen figured by Van Heurck. The

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 59]

forma biceps differs from P. interrupta proper in the fact that the

striae are not interrupted at the centre of the valve. According to

these different authorities, therefore, P. interrupta may have straight

or slightly retuse sides, may or may not have the striae interrupted at

the centre of the valve, and may apparently also vary somewhat in the

dimensions and shape of the capitate ends. More recently, G. 8S. West

(Algae Yan Yean Reservoir, Journ. Linn. Soc, Bot., xxxix, 1909

pp. 78, 79, PL. IT, fig. 15) has referred stillanother form to P. bicapi-

teed

Fie. 40.—a-d. Navicula interrupta, W. Smith, diverse forms, cf. the text.

e. N. pupula, Kuetz., var. subcapitata, Hustedt (the very fine and numerous

radiating striz are not shown). /f. N. borealis, Ehrenb.,f. rectangularis, Carl-

son. g. Cymbella pusilla, Grun. h. Eunotia bicapitata,Grun. h’. End of valve

of same, strongly enlarged. a-f x 1000; g x 1800; h x 500; h’ x 2700.

tata, in which the sides are slightly convex, the ends larger and not so

clearly demarcated, and the striae appreciably shorter.

In the material from the Cape Peninsula the Diatom, above referred

to P. interrupta, invariably had the striae interrupted at the centre of

the valve (Fig. 40, a—d), but the shape of the latter was subject to very

considerable variation. In many cases the valves were lanceolate,

tapering gradually from the middle towards the ends, which were more

or less markedly capitate (Fig. 40, a, 6); this form is certainly very

like P. brawnii, although not quite so tumid as Van Heurck (Pl. VI,

fig. 21) figures it. From such a form all transitions are found to

specimens in which the sides are almost absolutely straight and

592 Annals of the South African Museum.

parallel (Fig. 40, c), and from these again to specimens with slightly

retuse sides (Fig. 40, d), which, in their turn, grade over to P. meso-

lepta. As the figures show the apices are also very variable, as regards

their actual shape. In none of the individuals were such short striae

encountered as West figures for his P. bicapitata.

It would seem most satisfactory to group these differents forms as

follows :

Navicula (Pinnularia) interrupta, W. Smith.*

(1) Forma genuina.—Sides of valves straight and parallel; striae

interrupted at the centre of the valve; apices markedly capitate.

(Smith, Pl. XIX, fig. 184.)

(2) Forma biceps, Cleve.—Sides of valves straight and parallel ;

striae not interrupted at the centre of the valve ; apices markedly capi-

tate. (Van Heurck, Pl. VI, fig. 14.) (Syn.: P. interrupta, var. pf,

W. Smith; P. biceps, Gregory.)

(3) Forma bicapitata.—Sides of valves shghtly retuse, but valve

linear; striae not interrupted at the middle of the valve; apices

markedly capitate. (Syn.: P. bicapitata, Lagerstedt, op. cit., Pl. I,

fig. 5.)

(4) Forma sub-bicapitata.—Sides of valves slightly retuse; striae

interrupted at the middle of the valve; apices subcapitate. (Fig.

nostr. 40, d.)

(5) Forma subeapitata.—Sides of valves straight and parallel ; striae

interrupted at the centre of the valve; ends not very markedly capi-

tate (Fig. nostr. 40, ¢). (Syn.: P. subcapitata, Greg.; P. gracillima,

Pritchard, var. swbcapitata, Rabenh.)

(6) Forma brawnii.—Sides of valves more or less markedly convex ;

striae interrupted at the middle; ends more or less capitate. (Syn. :

P. braunii, Grun.) (Fig. nostr. 40, a, 6.)

(7) Forma westiii—Sides of valves slightly convex; striae not

interrupted at the middle, but short ; ends slightly capitate. (G.S.

West, loc. cit., Pl. III, fig. 13.)

Perhaps one should also include P. mesolepta amongst these forms

(cf. Cleve, p. 76), but for the present I prefer to keep it distinct. It

should be added that all the specimens encountered in my material

agreed with one another in the nature of the striation ; the dimensions

were: Long., 51-66 p; lat., 9-12; striae, 10-12 in 10 p.

* G.S. West (loc. cit., p. 79) also includes P. microstauron, Ehrenb., in this

group of similar species, but as Iam not personally familiar with it, I have not

dealt with it here.

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 593

3. Navicula (Pinnularia) mesolepta, Ehrenb.; Cleve, op. cit., p. 76 ;

Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 79, Pl. VI, figs. 10, 11,

Samples 6, 7, 41.

Long., 57-64 p; lat., 10-11 p.

4. Navicula (Pinnularia) brebissonii, Kuetz. ; Cleve, op. cit., p. 78;

Van Heurck, op, cit., p. 77, Pl. V, fig. 7.

Sample 48.

Long., 40 »; lat., 10 p.

Recorded from the Holle River, Calvinia Division, by G.S. West.

5. Navieula (Pinnularia) legumen, Ehrenb.; Cleve, op, cit., p. 78 ;

Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 80, Pl. VI, fig. 16. (Syn.: P. wndulata,

Schum.)

Sample 4.

Long., 75 pw; lat., 14 p.

6. Naviceula (Pinnularia) borealis, Ehrenb. ; Cleve, OD: cit, p- 80;

Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 76, Pl. VI, fig. 3.

Samples 1, 50, 51.

Recorded from the Holle River, Calvinia Division, by G. S. West.

Forma rectangularis, Carlson, Suesswasseralg. a. d. Antarktis, ete.,

Wiss. Ergebnisse d. schwed. Suedpolarexped., 1901-3, iv, 1913, p. Di

P), Va ies da Gin. 40575)

Samples 45, 52.

Long., 42 p; lat., 10 »; many of the specimens were even more

markedly rectangular than Carlson figures them.

7. Navicula (Pinnularia) stawroptera, Grun. ; Cleve, op, cit., p. 82.

Var. interrupta, Cleve, op. cit., p. 83; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 77,

12 ee A Peaikeg oy

Sample 4.

Long., 84 »; lat. med., 12 p.

8. Navicula (Pinnularia) major, Kuetz.; Cleve, op. cit., p.89; Van

Heurck, op. cit.,p. 73, Pl. V, figs. 3, 4.

Samples 5 and 6.

Long., 195-250 pw; lat., 30-35 yp.

9, Navicula (Pinnularia) viridis, Ehrenb.; Cleve, op. cit., p. 91;

Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 73, Pl. V, fig. 5.

Var. fallaz, Cleve, op. cit., p. 91; Van Heurck, op. cit., Pl. V, fig. 6 ;

Smith, op. cit., Pl. XVIII, fig. 163, £.

Sample 4.

Long., 66-95 p ; lat., 14-15 ie

594. Annals of the South African Museum.

10. Navicula (Pinnularia) distinguenda, Cleve, op. cit., p. 92; Smith,

op. cit., Pl. XVIII, fig. 1630 (sub. P. viridis).

Samples 5 and 6.

Long., 114-147 p; lat., 24-27 p.

N. madagascariensis, F. E. Fritsch, is probably but a form of this

species.

Genus STAURONEIS EnrenseEre.

1. Stauwroneis phoenicenteron, Ehrenb.; Cleve, op. cit.,1,p. 148; Van

Heurck, op. cit., p. 67, Pl. IV, fig. 2.

Sample 4.

A rather small form. Iong., 81-87 »; lat., 20-21 p.

Genus GYROSIGMA Hassatu.

1. Gyrosigma acuminatum, Kuetz.; Cleve, op. cit., p. 114; Van

Heurck, op. cit., p. 117, Pl. XXI, fig. 12. (Syn.: Plewrosigma acumi-

natum, Grun.)

Sample 32 (very rare).

(2) GOMPHONEMACHAR.

Genus GOMPHONEMA Aacarpu.

1. Gomphonema constrictum, Ehrenb.; Cleve, op. cit., p. 186; Van

Heurck, op. cit., p. 123, Pl. XXIII, fig. 6.

Samples 31 and 35 (on Cladophora).

Long., 48 w; lat., 11-12 p.

2. Gomphonema angustatum, Kuetz.; Cleve, op. cit., p. 181; Van

Heurck, op. cit., p. 126, Pl. XXIV, figs. 49, 50.

Samples 21 and 24 (on Oedogonium).

3. Gomphonema gracile, Ehrenb.; Cleve, op. cit., p. 182.

Samples 14 and 15 (on Oedogoninm and Phormidium).

Recorded from Gansfontei, Ceres Division; the Holle River,

Calvinia Division, by G. 8. West.

4. Gomphonema lanceolatum, Khrenb. ; Cleve, op. cit., p. 183.

Samples 14 and 15 (on Oedogonium and Phormidium), 21 and 24

(on Oedogonium), 29 (on Myriophyllum), 52-54 (on Oedogonium and

Tolypothriz).

Recorded from Little Namaqualand by G. 8S. West.

5. Gomphonema parvulum, Kuetz.; Cleve, op. cit., p. 180; Van

Heurck, op. cit., p. 125, Pl. XXV, fig. 9.

Samples 5 (on Vaucheria), 41 (on Moss), 48 (on Oedogonium).

Recorded from Little Namaqualand by G. 8. West.

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 595

(3) COCCONEMACEAE.

Genus CYMBELLA Acarpn.

1. Cymbella pusilla, Grun.; Cleve, op. cit., p. 162; Van Heurck,

op. cit., p. 62, Pl. III, fig. 5. (Fig. nostr. 40, g.)

Samples 52-54.

Long., 25 pw; lat., 6 p.

2. Cymbella (Cocconema) cistula, Hemprich; Cleve, op. cit., p. 173;

Van Heurck, ps G4: Plo ET fies. 12°. 13.

Var. maculata, Kuetz.; Cleve, op. cit., p. 173; Van Heurck, op. cit.,

p. 64, Pl. Ty fess lig) 7.

Sample 33 (on Cladophora).

Long., 57-60 pw; lat., 18-20 p.

3. Cymbella (Cocconema) lanceolata, Ehrenb.; Cleve, op. cit., p. 174;

Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 63, Pl. II, fig. 7.

Sample 25.

4. Cymbella (Hneyonema) ventricosa, Kuetz. ; Cleve, op.ci., p. 168 ;

Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 66, Pl. ITI, fig. 17.

Samples 25, 30a, 31.

Genus AMPHORA Eurensera.

1. Amphora ovalis, Kuetz.; Cleve, op. cit., 11, p. 104; Van Heurck,

Op. Cit., DP: 09. Pla, nest

Samples 5, 31, 32, 34a, 35, 47, 48.

A small form. Long., 30-39 fe; lat., 12-15 p.

2. Amphora lineolata, Ehrenb.; Cleve, op. cit., p. 126; Van Heurck,

Op. Cit.,'p. O¢, Ea, Efe Jo.

Sample 4.

Genus EPITHEMIA Brésisson.

1. Epithemia sorex, Kuetz. ; Van Heurck, Op. cul. p. 139, Pl XX Xie,

fies. 6-10.

Samples 25, 29, 29a, 30, 30a, By DASE Ee

2. Epithemia gibba, Kuetz.; Van Heurck, op. cit.,p. 139, Pl. XXXII,

figs. 1,2. (Syn.: Rhopalodia gibba (Kuetz.), O. Muell.)

Samples 25, 32. .

Recorded from Little Namaqualand by G. S. West.

3. Hpithemia zebra (Ehrenb.), Kuetz.; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 140,

Pl. XXXI, figs. 9, 11-14.

596 Annals of the South African Museum.

Var. proboscidea, Grun.; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 140, Pl. XXXT,

fig. 10.

Samples 29, 29q, B00, ol:

Long., 57-60 p; lene, (OL ie

4. Hpithemia gibberula, Kuetz.; Wan Heurck, op. cit., p. 140. (Syn. :

Rhopalodia gibberula (Kuetz.), O. Muell. )

Samples 4, 5, 6.

Recorded from the Karroo by G. 8. West.

DD NITZSCHIOIDEAK.

Genus NITZSCHIA Hassatu.

Section TRYBLIONELLA Grunow.

1. Niteschia tryblionella, Hantzsch ; Van Heurck, op. Cibo PeplGle

Pl. LVIL, figs. 9,10. (Tryblionella hantzschiana, Grun.)

Var. levidensis (W. Sm.), Grun. ; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. IATA

PIVLVit fie lS. Stsyn.: Tryblionella levidensis, W. Smith, op. cit., 01,

p. 89.) (Fig. 41, e.)

Samples 4, 6.

Long., 30-50 »; lat., 12-16 p. Many of the individuals were

slightly constricted in the middle. The markings on the surface of

the valves are of a very irregular nature, appearing as short undulating

lines extending from one edge a little more than half way across,

the lines from opposite edges alternating in an irregular manner.

(Fig. 41, e.)

The type has been recorded from the Halle River, Calvinia Division,

by G. 8S. West.

Section APICULATAE Grunow.

1. Nitzschia hungarica, Grun.; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 173, PA

LVIII, figs. 19-22. (Fig. 41, d.)

Samples 25, 32, 48.

Long., 57-93 p.; lat., 8-9 ». The characteristic interruption of the

striae in the middle part of the valve, due to the presence of a fold,

was very well marked (Fig. 41, d) ; in the region of interruption the

striae are sometimes very faintly recognisable. In several of the

specimens a few of the striae in the central part of the valve could be

traced right across (Fig. 41, d). The carinal dots are very faint. The

apices are slightly curved to one side.

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 597

2. Nitaschia apiculata (Greg.), Grun.; Van Heurek, op. cit., p. 173,

Pl. LVL, figs? 26, 27:

Sample 34a,

Long., 36 »; lat., 6 p.

Section DUBIAE Grunow.

1 Nitzschia stagnorum, Rabenhorst; Van Heurck, op. cit., Pl. LIX,

fig. 24.

Sample 32.

Long., 45 w; lat., 6-8 p.

Recorded from the Halle River, Calvinia Division, by G. S. West.

Section SIGMOIDEAE Grunow.

1. Nitzschia sigmoidea (Khrenb.), W. Smith, op. cit., i., p. 38,

Pl. XT, fig, 104; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 178, Pl. UXT, figs. 5—7.

Samples 4,5, 6, 25, 52.

Section SIGMATAE Grunow.

1. Nitzschia sigma (Kuetz.), W. Smith, op. cit., i, p. 39, Pl. XIII,

fis. 1085) Vem Heurck, op. cit., p: 179, Pl. LXV, fies. 7, 8.

Samples 4, 52, 54.

Var. subcapitata, Rabenh. (N. clausii, Hantzsch ; Van Heurck, op.

Cit.) PIR VAL fie sO). Geies 405 7)

Samples 4, 6.

Long., 54-60 p; lat., 4-5 p.

The specimens were often more markedly curved than shown in

fiz. 41, f.

Var. sigmateila, Grun.; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 179, Pl. LXVI,

figs.6, 7. (Fig. 41, a.)

Sample 6.

Long., 96-150 p; lat., 4-5°5 p.

? Var. rigidula, Grun.; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 179, Pl. LXVI,

fig. 8. (Fig. 41, b.)

Sample 5.

A form with slightly capitate ends, rather wide, and with well-

marked carinal dots.

Long., 80-86 yw; striae very fine.

Section LANCEOLATAE Grunow.

1. Nitaschia subtilis, Grun.; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 183, PI.

TOWEL fies. 7, 8.

598 Annals of the South African Museum.

IPS exc Vvees

Var. paleacea, Grun.; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 18:

figs. 9, 10.

Samples 14, 15.

Fig. 41.—a. Nitzschia sigma, var. sigmatella, Grun. b. N. sigma, var. rigi-

dula, Grun., forma (?). ¢. Nitzschia lorenziana, Grun. d. N. hungarica,

Grun. e. N. tryblionella, var. levidensis, W.Sm. f/f. N. sigma, var. subcapi-

tata, Rabenh. a, x 750; 6, and d-f, x lgb0is ce.) x G00:

2. Nitzschia amphibia, Grun.; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 184, Pl.

LXVIII, figs. 15-17.

Sample 32.

Long., 27-36 pw; lat., 6 p.

Recorded from Little Namaqualand by G. 8. West.

The Freshwater Algae of Africa, 599

3. Nitzschia communis, Rabenh.; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 184,

Pl. LXIX, fig. 32.

Samples 5, 12, 26, 31.

4, Nitzschia palea, Kuetz.; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 183, Pl. LXIX,

figs. 226, c.

Samples 4, 5, 6, 25, 26, 27, 30a, 51, 52, 33, 36, 37, 41, 43.

Recorded by G. 8. West from the Halle River, Calvinia Division,

and Little Namaqualand.

5. Nitzschia gracilis, Hantzsch; Van Heurck, op. cit., Pl. LX VIII,

fies Le

Sample 26.

Long., 72 pw; lat., 42 p.

Section NITZSCHIELLA (Rasennu.), Grunow.

1. Nitzschia acicularis, Kuetz.; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 185, Pl. LX X,

fig. 6.

Samples 4, 52.

2. Nitzschia lorenziana, Grun.; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 185, Pl.

LXX, fig: 12. (Fig. 41, c.)

Samples 4, 5, 6.

Long., 117-188 p; lat., 5-5-6 p.

This is really a marine species, but Hustedt (Beitr. z. Algenfl. v.

Bremen, 11, Abh. Nat. Ver. Bremen, xix, 1908, p. 448) has found var.

subtilis, Grun., in fresh water. It is possible that the Cape specimens

really belong to this variety.

Genus HANTZSCHIA Grunow.

1. Hantzschia amphiovys (Ehrenb.), Grun.; Van Heurck, op. cit.,

p68), Pl Vill ies: dee.

Samples 6, 26, 27, 45.

Recorded from Little and Great Namaqualand by G. 8S. West.

EK. SURIRELLOIDEAE.

Genus CYMATOPLEURA W. Smnriru.

1. Cymatopleura solea (Bréb.), W. Sm.; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 168,

Pl. Liv, fig. 1.

Samples 25, 52.

Long., 57-132 p; lat., 18-30 p.

600 Annals of the South African Museum.

Genus SURIRELLA Turpin.

1. Surirella ovalis, Bréb. ; Van Heurck, op. cit., p. 188, Pl. LX XIII,

Hoe.

Sample 5.

Long., 72-81 »; lat., 37-43 p.

Recorded from the Halle River, Calvinia Division, and Little

Namaqualand, by G. S. West.

2. Surirella linearis, W. Smith, Brit. Diat., 1, 18538, p. 31, Pl. VIII,

fig. 58.

Sample 48.

Forma minor. Long., 36; lat., 8-9 p.

V. FLAGELLATA.

D. EUGLENINAE.

Genus HUGLENA EHRENBERG.

1. Euglena oxyuris, Schmarda; Lemmermann, in Suesswasserflora

Deutschlands, Oesterreichs, u. d. Schweiz., Heft 2, 1913, p. 130,

fig. 207. (Fig. 42, A.)

Samples 5 and 4 (not uncommon).

Long., 180-195 ».; lat., 21-27 ». The dimensions are appreciably

smaller than those given by Lemmermann, but otherwise the speci-

mens agree well with the diagnosis. The cells are elongated and

spirally twisted, often in a complicated manner. The periplast is

provided with spiral striation, which, under higher powers, is seen to

be composed of lines of closely arranged punctae. The oval nucleus

(dark in Fig. 42, A) lies approximately in the middle of the cell, and

there is a ring-shaped paramylon-grain in front and behind it.

2. Huglena, n. sp. (?). (Fig. 42, B.)

Samples 14 and 15 (not uncommon).

I think it probable that this is a new species, but that could only be

certainly established by examination of fresh material. The cells are

certainly highly metabolic, as the specimens show great diversity of

shape; in general, however, the form of the cell is elongated, usually

with the greatest breadth near one end. The anterior extremity

appears produced as a blunt knob, and this feature is distinguishable

in all the individuals, no matter how distorted their shape. At this

point a slight orifice, from which no doubt the flagellum arises, can be

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 601

recognised. The posterior end is usually bluntly rounded. The

periplast is provided with a very fine striation, which often runs

almost transversely (cf. Fig. 42, B). The chloroplasts appear to be

“ia

scars >

for

Fig. 42.—A. Euglena ovyuris, Schmarda. B. Huglena,n.sp. (2). C. Phacus

brevicaudata (Klebs) Lemmerm. (?). All figs. x 700.

numerous and disc-shaped, and there are a large number of oval

paramylon-grains. The rather elongated nucleus is generaily to be

found near the middle of the cell, although sometimes (Fig. 42, B) it

lies nearer the front end. The dimensions of two typical specimens

were 132 x 39 wand 155 x 33 p.

602 Annals of the South African Museum.

(Note.—Indeterminable species of Huglena were encountered in

occasional other samples, but never in large numbers.)

Genus LEPOCINCLIS Perry.

1. Lepocinclis ovum (Ehrenb.), Lemmermann, op. cit., p. 134, fig.

216.

Samples 14, 15.

Long., 34; lat., 24-25 p.

Many of the specimens had a brownish periplast. The spiral ribs in

some of the individuals were not equally developed, but were alter-

nately thin and thick.

Var. globula (Perty), Lemmermann, op. cit., p. 154.

Samples 12, 15..

Long., 27 4; lat., 20 p.

Genus PHACUS Dusarpin.

1. Phacus longicauda (Ehrenb.), Duj.; Lemmermann, op. cit., p.

138, fig. 235.

Sample 14.

2. Phacus plewronectes (O. F. M.), Duj.; Lemmermann, op. cit.,

p. 138, fig. 236.

Sample 14.

3. Phacus brevicaudata (Klebs), Lemmermann, op. cit., p. 189,

fig. 232. (Fig. 42, C.)

Samples 12 and 13.

Long., 80-31 p; lat., 27. All the individuals were broadest near

the back end, the outline of which appears flattened or slightly

concave. From its middle arises a yery short spinous prolongation,

which is bent towards one side. The dorsal fold can be traced right

to the posterior end of the cell. he periplast exhibits rather faint

longitudinal striation. In the vast majority of the individuals there

are two paramylon-grains, lying one on either side of the dorsal fold,

the one generally considerably larger than the other.

Genus TRACHELOMONAS EHRENBERG.

1. Trachelomonas volvocina, Ehrenb.; Lemmermann, op. cit., p. 145,

fiy. 246.

Forma typica.

The Freshwater Alqae of Africa. 603

Samples 12, 13, 14.

Long. et lat., 20 p.

Forma minuta (Fig. 43, I’).

Samples 14, 15.

Long. et lat., 5-6 p.

These small individuals occurred in enormous numbers, especially in

sample 14. Most of the testae of this form display a small pore

situated at the end, opposite to that at which the usual aperture

occurs (Fig. 43, #’). It is very difficult to arrive at any conclusion as

to the exact nature of this pore.

2. Trachelomonas radiosa, n. sp. (Fig. 43, A—D.)

Fic. 43.—A—D. Trachelomonas radiosa, n.sp.” A. Seen from the anterior end.

B. Seen from the posterior end. Cand D. Side views (D, optical section).

E. T. oblonga, Lemm. F. T. volvocina, Ehrenb., f. minuta. G. 7. incerta,

Lemm., var. minor, nov. var. All figures x 960.

Testa sphaerica polis deplanatis, rubiginosa, paullo latior quam

longa ; porus flagelli parvus, collari brevi extus vel intus paullo promi

nenti, 2-2°5 » alto, cireumdatus. Membrana incrassata, in partem

anteriorem testae cum costis longitudinalibus ca. 12 subirregulariter

dispositis (prope mediam testam evanescentibus) et in totam super-

ficiem punctis minutis numerosis praedita. Flageilum crassuim, paullo

longius quam testa. Contentus ignotus.

Long, 17-18; lat., 20 p.

Sample 14.

This species at first sight bears a strong resemblance to a 7’. volvo-

cina, With flattened poles, but its characteristic markings distinguish

it at once on closer scrutiny. Viewed from either end the shape is

circular (Fig. 45, A, B), but in a side-view the flattening of the poles

is quite distinct (Fig. 45, C, D). Starting from the collar at the front

604 Annals of the South African Museum.

end are a number (about 12) of weak longitudinal ribs (Fig. 43, A) ;

these ribs are not arranged quite symmetrically, being placed at

slightly variable distances from one another. They do not extend for

the whole length of the testa, but die out at about the middle of its

length (Fig. 45, C), being therefore altogether invisible in an indi-

vidual viewed from the posterior end (Fig. 43, B). Between the ribs,

and over the whole of the rest of the surface of the testa, a very fine

pitting can be made out with difficulty (Fig. 45, A, B). This appears

to be due to the fact that the pitting is confined to the mner part of

the wall of the testa, which presents a slightly interrupted appearance,

like that of a pitted membrane, when seen in optical section (Fig. 45,

D). The collar is a mere thickening of the edge of the flagellum,

aperture and projects very slightly, both on the outer and the inner

side (Fig. 45, D).

In one specimen (Fig. 43, C) a coarse flagellum, a little longer than

the testa, was observed, but apart from that no details of cell-structure

could be deciphered.

3. Trachelomonas oblonga, Lemmermann, op. cit., p. 147, fig. 278.

(Fig. 43, FE.)

Samples 12, 14, 15.

Long., 14-16 »; lat., 11-14. Some of the individuals were not

nearly as oblong as others, and it seemed that there might be all

transitions from this species to a typical T. volvocina. The tests also

varied very much in colour, showing all shades from almost colourless,

through light brown, to a very deep brown.

4. Trachelomonas incerta, Lemmermann, op. cit., p. lol, fig. 284.

Var. minor, nov. var. (Fig. 43, G.)

Differt a typo testis multo minoribus, parte anteriore fere truncata,

lateribus superne subparallelis, inferne convergentibus, polo posteriore

rotundato.

tone. Was dat.omax., 7p:

Sample 14.

This comes very close to the var. truncata of T. oblonga, but the

general shape of the testa, tapering as it does towards the back end, is

more like that of 7. incerta. Lemmermann has already described a

small variety of 7’. incerta, but that is characterised by having a

punctate testa.

5. Trachelomonas hispida (Perty), Stein; Lemmermann, op. Cite,

p. 149, fig. 272.

Forma typica.

Samples 4, 14, 15, 24.

The Freshwater Algae of Africa. 605

Var. coronata, Lemmerm.

Sample 14.

Var. punctata, Lemmerm.

Samples 5, 14.

VI. PERIDINEAE (DINOFLAGELLATA).

Species of Peridinium were encountered in samples 24 and 39, but

were too scanty for adequate determination.

acerosum (Closterium)

ACHNANTHACEAE

ACHNANTHES .

ACHNANTHOIDEAE

acicularis (Nitzschia)

acuminatum (Scenedesmus)

acuminatum (Gyrosigma)

acuminatum (Pleurosigma)

acuminatus (Scenedesmus )

acus (Synedra)

acuta (Navicula) .

acutus (Scenedesmus )

aerugineo-coerulea (Lyngbya)

affinis (Navicula) .

africana (Sphaeroplea)

africanum (Hydrodictyon)

alatosporum (Cylindrospermun )

ambiqua (Navicula)

amoena (Oscillatoria)

amoenum (Huastrum )

amphibia (Nitzschia)

amphibia (Oscillatoria) .

amphioxys (Hantzschia)

AMPHORA

ANABAENA

anglica (Navicula)

aneustatum (Gomphonema)

ANKISTRODESMUS

antarcticus (Pleurococeus)

APHANOCAPSA

APHANOCHAE''E

APHANOTHECE

apiculata (Nitzschia)

APICULATAE

APIOCYSTIS :

arbuscula (Ophiocytium )

urbuseula (Seiadium )

ARTHRODESMUS

asper (Acanthococcus)

aspera (‘Trochiscia)

autmmnale (Phormidium)

BACILLARIEAE

bicapitata (Hunotia)

biceps (Synedra)

( 606 )

bijugatus (Scenedesmus )

bijugatus var. seriatus

bijugatus var. alternans .

bombycina (Conferva)

bombycinum (‘Tribonema)

boreale (Oedogonium)

borealis (Navicula)

boryanum (Pediastrum) .

botrytis (Cosmarium)

) | botrytis var. tumidum

brauniana (Apiocystis)

brebissonii (Navicula)

brevicautdata (Phacus)

brevispinum ( Xanthidium )

BULBOCHAETE

CALOTHRIX

capense (Cosmarium)

capense var. minor

| capense (Euastrum)

catenula (Anabaena)

CENTRICAE : :

CHAETOPELTIDACEHAE

CHAETOPELTIS :

CHAETOPHORACEAE

CHAETOPHORALES

CHAETOSPHAERIDIACEAE .

| CHAETOSPHAERIDIUM

| CHLAMYDOMONADACEAE

CHAMAESIPHON :

CHAMAESIPHONACEAE

CHAMAESIPHONALES

CHLAMYDOMONADALES

CHLAMYDOMONAS

chlamydosporum (Mesotaenitum )

CHLORODENDRACEAE

CHLORODENDRALES .

| CHLORELLACEAE

CHROOCOCC ACEAE

CHROOCOCCALES

CHROOCOCCUS

_ eincta (Navicula)

circinalis (Anabaena)

cistida (Cymbella)

cistula var. maculata

CLADOPHORA

PAGE

509

569

539

593

505

556

502

593

602

599

540

dS81

550

990

047

578

D544

537

5387

53]

587

537

Sill

unl

ITAL

491

AQL

49]

540

AOA

494A,

505

569

589

Onn

595

524

CLADOPHORACEAE

CLOSTERIUM

coarctata (Achnanthes) .

COCCONEIDACEAE

COCCONEIS :

COCCONEMACEAE

COELASTRUM

cohaerens (Scenedesmus )

COLEOCHAETACEAE .

COLEOCHAETE

communis (Nitzschia)

confervicola (Herposteiron)

CONJUGATAE

conspersum (Penium)

conspersum var. capense

constrictum (Gomphonema)

COSCINODISCACEAE

COSMARIUM

crassa (Cylindrocystis)

crassinervia (Navicula)

crassum (Oedogonium)

crispata (Cladophora)

crispum (Oedogonium)

cryptocephala (Navicula)

cuspidata (Navicula)

cuspidata var. ambigua .

CYANOPHYCEAE

CYCLOTELLA

CYLINDROCYSTIS

CYLINDROSPERMUM .

CYMATOPLEURA

CYMBELLA

denticulatum (Euastrum )

DESMIDIACEAE

DIATOMALES

dicephala (Navicula)

DICHOTHRIX

DICTYOSPHAERIUM

digitus (Netrium)

DINOFLAGELLATA

diodon (Eunotia) .

DIPLONEIS :

disciformis (Gongrosira) .

dispar (Scenedesmus)

distincta (Lyngbya)

distinguenda (Navicula)

dubia (Navicula) .

DUBIAE . :

duplex (Pediastrum)

duplex var. reticulatum .

ECBALLOCYSTIS

ehrenbergianum (Dictyosphae-

rium). ; 5

Ehrenbergii (Pleurotaenium)

Index.

AGE

524 | Bhrenbergii (Pediastrum)

544. elachista (Aphanocapsa).

987 | elachista var. conferta

987 | elegans (Eudorina)

587 | EPITHEMIA

595 | EREMOSPHAERA :

512 | EREMOSPHAERACEAE

509 | ericetorum (Zyenema)

537 | ericetorum (Zygogonium)

537 | HUASTRUM

599 | EUDORINA

536 | EUDORINELLA.

540 | EUGLENA

543 | EUGLENINAE

543 | KUNOTIA :

594 | EUNOTIACEAE.

585 |

550 |

541 | F

589 |

539 | falecatus (Scenedesmus)

594 | faleatus (Ankistrodesmus)

539 | faleatus var. spirilliformis

589 | fasciculatum (Rhaphidium)

588. figuratum (Scytonema) .

5gg | FLAGELLATA

569 | formosa (Oscillatoria)

585 | FRAGILARIACEAE

541 | FRAGILARIOIDEAE

578 | FRUSTULIA

599 | fusca (Calothrix) .

595 | fusca (Dichothrix)

| G

548 | evelatinosa (Ulothrix)

542 geminata (Vaucheria)

584. | gibba (Epithemia)

590 gibba (Rhopalodia)

581 gibberula (Epithemia)

513 gibberula (Rhopalodia)

541 glauca (Merismopedia)

605 globosa (Aphanochaete)

585 | globosa (Herposteiron ) ,

588 | globosum (Chaetosphaeridium) .

535 | GLOEOCAPSA ;

509 glomerata (Cladophora) .

574 | GOMPHONEMA. :

594 | GOMPHONEMACKEAE .-

588 | GOMPHOSPHAERIA

597 | GONGROSIRA

505 | gracile (Gomphonema)

505 | gracile (Selenastrum)

gracile (Staurastrum)

gracilis (Nitzschia) :

graciluma (Mougeotia) .

494 | granatum (Cosmarium) .

gregorii (Cosmarium)

513 | grevillei (Mastogloia)

547 | GYROSIGMA

599

568

550

556

587

594.

608

HANTZSCHIA

hantzschiana (Try lionelia)

harveyana (Nodularia)

hassallii (Spirogyra)

hederulae (Nostoe)

HERPOSTEIRON

HETEROKONTAE

hexagonale (Staurastrum )

hieroglyphicum (Rhizoclonium )

hieronymi (Hormiscia)

hispida (‘Trachelomonas).

hispida var. coronata

hispida var. punctata

holmiense (Cosmarium )

HORMIDIUM .

HORMOGONEALES

hormoides (Stigonema)

hungarica (Nitzschia)

hyalina (Schizochlamys).

HYDRODICTYACEAE .

HYDRODICTYON

inaequalis (Anabaena)

incerta (Trachelomonas ) :

incerta var. minor

incrustans (Chamaesiphon)

incus (Arthrodesmus)

intermedia (Chlamydomonas )

interrupta (Navicula)

iridis (Navicula) .

iridis var. dubia

ISOKONTAE

juergensii (Spirogyra)

koettlitzii (Pleurococcus )

kuetzingianum (Micr othamnion)

kuetzingii (Lyngbya)

kuetzingii var. distincta .

lacustris (Gomphosphaeria)

laeve (Cosmarium)

laeve var. septentrionale

lanata (‘Tolypothrix)

lanceolata (Achnanthes) .

lanceolata (Cymbella)

LANCEOLATAE

lanceolatum (Gomphonema)

legumen (Navicula)

Index.

PAGE

599 |

596

oe ar

leibleinii (Closterium)

LEPOCINCLIS

levidensis (‘Tryblionella) .

| libellula (Closterium)

563° |

<ohgi

D717

536

569

561

524

520

604

605

552

519

572

581

596

503 |

505

578

604

oral

560

49]

590,

588

491

563

514.

574

574:

Orv Or Ot Ot Or Or Or

Oo mM oocnnt

sT Ott ee Or ote

Ke)

libellula (Penium)

limosa (Oscillatoria)

lineaki (Nostoc)

linearis (Surirella)

lineolata (Amphora)

longicauda (Phacus)

lorenziana (Nitzschia)

lunaris (Eunotia)

lunaris (Synedra)

LYNGBYA

major (Lyngbya) .

major (Spe)

major (Navicula) .

majus (Ophiocytium )

malinvernianum (Closterium)

margaritaceum (Penium)

maregaritaceum var. irregularius

MASTOGLOIA

maxima (Spirogyra)

MELOSIRA

MELOSIRACEAE

meneghinii (Cosmarium)

MERISMOPEDIA

MESOCARPACEAE

mesolepta (Navicula)

MESOTAENIACEAE

| MESOTAENIUM

~oo | MICROCYSTIS

588 |

microporum (Coelastrum)

MICROSPORA

microspora ( Aphanothece)

MICROSPORACEAE

MICROTHAMNION

minutissima (Achnanthes)

minutus (Chroococcus)

mirabile (Scytonema)

molaris (Navicula)

moniliferum (Closter ium)

morum (Pandorina)

morus (Coelastrum)

MOUGEOTIA

muticopsis (Navicula)

muralis (Navicula)

MYXONEMA

MYXOPHYCEAE

naegelii (Oocystis)

| natans (Gloeotrichia)

| natans (Rivularia)

593 |

NAVICULA

NAVICULACEAE ;

NAVICULAE MESOLEIAE

NAVICULAE ORTHO-

STICHAE

NAVICULAE LINEOLATAE

NAVICULAE MINUSCULAE

NAVICULOIDEAE

NEIDIUM

NETRIUM

NITZSCHIA

NITZSCHIELLA

NITZSCHIOIDEAE

NODULARIA

NOSTOC .

NOSTOCACEAE .

obliquus (Scenedesmus )

obliquus var. dimorphus .

oblonga (Anabaena)

oblonga (‘Trachelomonas )

oblongum (Penium)

oblongum (Netrium)

oblongum var. cylindricum

obtusatum (Cosmarium) .

obtusus (Scenedesmus)

obtusus var. alternans

OEDOGONIACEAE

OEDOGONIALES

OEDOGONIUM .

OOCYSTACEAE .

OOCYSTIS

operculata (Cyclotella)

OPHIOCYTIUM.

orbicularis (Spirogyra)

ornata (Cylindrocystis) .

oscillarina (Ulothrix)

OSCILLATORIA .

OSCILLATORIACEAE .

ovalis (Amphora)

ovalis (Navicula) .

ovalis (Surirella) . ;

ovatum (Pleurotaenium)

ovatum (Docidium)

ovum (Lepocinclis)

ovum var. globula

oxyuris (Euglena)

pachyderma (Conferva)

pachyderma (Microspor 3)

palea (Nitzschia) .

PANDORINA

parvulum (Closterium)

parvulum (Gomphonema)

parvulum (Ophiocytium)

pectinalis (Eunotia)

PEDIASTRUM ,

Index.

PAGE

D87

589

pediculus (Cocconeis)

PENIUM .

PENNATAE

PERIDINEAE

perpusillum (Cosmarium )

pertusum (Pediastrum)

PHACUS . d

phoenicenteron (Staur oneis)

PHORMIDIUM . :

phymatosporum (Penium)

PINNULARIA :

pisanum (Oedogonium)

placentula (Cocconeis)

| PLEUROCOCCUS

pleuronectes (Phacus)

PLEUROTAENIUM

polymorphum (Rhaphidium)

polymorphum var. faleatum

polymorphum var. spirale

polytrichoides (Schizothrix)

pritchardianum (Closterium)

prostratum (Myxonema) .

| prostratum (Stigeoclonium)

| PROTOCOCCALES

| pruniforme (Nostoc)

pseudatlanthoideum (Cosmar ium) 550,

| pseudocoralloides (Euastrum)

| pulchella (Synedra)

pseudobroomei (Cosmarium)

punctiforme (Nostoc)

punctulatum (Cosmarium)

_ punctulatum var. subpunctula-

tum

punctulatum (Staurastrum)

pupula (Navicula) :

pupula var. subcapitata .

pusilla (Cymbella)

pygmaeun (Sphaerozosma)

pygmaeum (Spondylosium)

| pyramidatwm (Cosmarium)

quadratium (Cosmarium).

quadricauda (Scenedesmus)

quadricauda var. dispar .

radians (Synedra)

radiosa (Navicula) é

radiosa (‘Trachelomonas) .

ramosa (Ecballocystis)

rectangulare (Cosmarium)

reinhardi (Chlamydomonas)

repens (Aphanochaete)

Rhaphidium

RHIZOCLONIUM

rhomboides (Navicula)

rhomboides var. saxonica

609

610

rhomboides (Vanheurckia)

rhynchocephala (Navicula)

rivulare (Hormidium)

RIVULARIA :

RIVULARIACEAE

rivularis (Ulothrix)

rivulariarum (Lynebya)

rupestris (Oocystis)

rupicola (Gloeocapsa)

saxonica (Navicula)

SCENEDESMACEAE

SCENEDESMUS

SCHIZOCHLAMYS

SCHIZOTHRIX .

schroeteri (Sphaerocystis )

seutata (Coleochaete)

SCYTONEMA .

SCYTONEMATACEAE .

SELENASTRUM

sexangulare (Cosmariuin )

sexaneulare var. subaneculare

sigma (Nitzschia)

sigma var. subcapitata

sigma var. sigmatella

sigma var. rigidula

SIGMATAE

sigmoidea (Nitzschia)

SIGMOIDEAE

simplex (Eeballocystis)

SIPHONALES

smithii (Mastogloia)

solea (Cymatopleura)

solitaria (Oocystis)

sorex (Epithemia)

sp. (Euglena)

sp. (Chaetopeltis)

sp. (Microcystis) . :

speciosum (Cosmarium) .

speciosum var. simplex

sphaericum (Coelastrum)

SPHAEROCYSTACEAE

SPHAEROCYSTIS

SPHAEROPLEA.

SPHAEROPLEACEAE .

spirale (Zygnema)

spiralis (Dichothrix)

SPIROGYRA

SPIRULINA :

SPONDYLOSIUM

stagnorum (Nitzschia)

STAURASTRUM

STAURONEIS

stauroptera (Navicula)

stauroptera var. interrupta

stellinum (Zygnema)

strictissimum (Microthamnion) .

STIGEOCLONIUM

Index.

PAGE |

588 | STIGONEMA : ;

589 | STIGONEMATACEAE .

520 | striolatum (Staurastrum )

5S8L | subbotrytis (Cosmarium) .

581 | subbroomei (Cosmarium)

520 | subbroomei var. pseudo- -pearsoni

573 | suberenatum (Cosmarium)

506 | subfuscum (Phormidium )

570 | subprotumidum (Cosmarium)

subprotumidum var. gregorii

subpunctulatum (Cosmarium )

subtile (Hormidium)

589 | subtilis (Lyngbya)

505 | subtilis (Stichococcus)

506 | subtilis (Ulothrix)

503 | subtilis (Nitzschia)

975 | subtilis var. paleacea

502 | subtilissima (Ulothrix)

537 | SURIRELLA :

580 | SURIRELLOIDEAE

980 | SYNEDRA

512

D908 7

5538 a

ged tenuis (Oscillatoria)

vd = yy nA 7

597 | tenuis (Tolypothrix )

597 tetras (Pediastru )

507 TETRASPORACEAE

507 TETRASPORALES

597 TOLYPOTHRIX. |

198 TRACHELOMONAS

540 TRIBON EMA .

587 TRIBONEMACEAE

599 TROCHISCTA :

506 TRYBLIONELLA :

sgs | tryblionella (Nitzschia) .

JID . . .

600 tryblionella var. levidensis

ee tumida (Navicula)

IO4

570

556 U

506 :

512 | ulna (Synedra)

502 | ULOTHRIX :

502 | ULOTRICHACEAE

524 | ULOTRICHALES

524 | wneinatum (Phormidium).

564

083 V

9638

572 | valderianum (Phormidium)

562 | variabilis (Ulothrix)

597 | varians (Melosira)

560 | VAUCHERIA .

593 | VAUCHERIACEAE

594 | ventricosa (Cymbella)

593 | viridis (Eremosphaera)

o64 | viridis var. minor

534 | viridis (Navicula)

531 | viridis var. fallax .

600

599

585

Indez. 611

PAGE PAGE

VOLVOCACEAE . 491 x

volvocina (‘T'rachelomonas) . 602

vulgaris (Vanheurckia) . . 589 | XANTHIDIUM . ; . 5d9

vulgaris (Colletonema) . 589

vulgaris (Navicula) . 589 Z

W zebra (Epithemia) : . .595

_ zebra var. proboscidea — . . 596

Wallichii (Eudorina) : . 492 | ZYGNEMA : : . 564

Wallichii (Eudorinella) . . 492 | ZYGNEMACEAE . 563

;

“ - A

- H;

i / af LA

Ur theo

ees +4 = } iy

ANNALS 37221

OF THE

SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM. .

VOLUME IX.

PART I. containing :— .

~1—On the Collections of Dried Plants obtained’ in South-West

Africa by the Percy Sladen Memorial Expeditions, 1908-1911.

(Report No. 5). — By H. H. W. Puarson, Sc.D., F.LS.,

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_ VOLUME IX.

Sladen Memorial Expedition to the Orange rage tt

ants Collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial ae

Tg ORUGETy COS ae ee eae a ag Genes

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-- VOLUME IX.

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ANNALS

OF THE

SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM

PART IV. containing :—

11.—List of the Plants collected in the Percy Sladen Memorial

_ Expeditions, 1908-9, 1910-11. (Caryophyllacee, Portulacee,

‘Sterculiacee, Geraniacee, Rutacee, Burseracee, Celastracee,

Ethamnacee, Sapindacee, Tiliacee, Menispermacee, Anacardiacee,

Saxifragacee, Onagrariee, Curcurbitacee, Umbellifere, Rubia-

cea, Plumbaginacee, Loranthacee, Ebenacee, Hydrophyllacee,

—Boraginacee, Cyperacee, .Juncacee, Gramineae, Filices, Legum-

mos@, Acanthacee, Scrophulariacee, Solanacee.) By H. H. W.

_Puarsow, Se.D., ¥.L.S. (Plates VI., VI1., VIII)

12.—A Contribution to the Knowledge of the South African Proteace. ’

No. 2. By EH. P. Puinuirs, D.Sc., F.L.S.

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ANNALS

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PART VI, containing :—

: 16,—List of Plants Collected in the Perey Sladen Memorial

Bepeditions, 1908-11, continued (Compositae) —By H. H. W.

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