CURTIS’S

BOTANICAL MAGAZINE;

Flower Garden Displaped:

In which the most Ornamental Foreren Puanrs cultivated in the Open Ground,

the Green-House, and the Stove, are accurately represented and coloured.

To which are added,

THEIR NAMES, CLASS, ORDER, GENERIC AND SPECIFIC CHARACTERS,

ACCORDING TO THE SYSTEM OF LINNEUS;

Their Places of Growth, Times of Flowering, and most approved

Methods of Culture.

CONDUCTED

By SAMUEL CURTIS, F. L. S.

THE DESCRIPTIONS

By WILLIAM JACKSON HOOKER, L. L. D.

F.R, A. and L. 8. and Regius Professor of Botany in the University

of Glasgow.

VOL. VI. ()

OF THE NEW SERIES;

Or Vol. 11x. of the whole Work.

‘* Here may the flowers display their sweets,

And, gay, their silken leaves unfold,

As fearless of the noontide heats

As careless of the Winter’s cold.”

LONDON :

Printed by Edward Couchmau, 10, Throgmorton Street ;

FOR THE PROPRIETOR, SAMUEL CURTIS,

AT THE

BOTANICAL MAGAZINE WAREHOUSE, GLAZENWOOD, NEAR COGGESHALL, ESSEX :

Also by Sherwood, Gilbert, & Piper, 23, Paternoster Row; J. & A. Arch, Cornhill; Treuttel, & Wartz,

Soho Square; Blackwood, Edinburgh; and in Holland, of Mr. Gt. Eldering, Florist, at Haarlem:

And to be had of ali Booksellers in Town and Country.

r 1832,

fio 31A8- 320s

THE RIGHT HONORABLE

LORD VISCOUNT MILTON, &c. &c.

WHOSE RICHLY STORED GARDENS OF WENTWORTH

HAVE FURNISHED

SOME OF THE BRIGHTEST ORNAMENTS OF THIS WORK,

THE PRESENT VOLUME

IS DEDICATED,

WITH SENTIMENTS OF THE HIGHEST REGARD

AND ESTEEM,

BY HIS OBLIGED

AND VERY OBEDIENT HUMBLE SRRVANT,

W. J. HOOKER.

Giascow, Dec. 1, 1832.

< (98188

LATHYRUS DECAPHYLLUS. 'TEN-LEAFLETTED

EVERLASTING PEA.

KEKE KEE KEKE KKK KEKE

Class and Order.

Diapevpui1a Decanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—Leeuminosz. )

Generic Character.

Cal. campanulatus 5-fidus, lobis 2 superioribus breviori-

bus. Cor. papilionacea. Stam. diadelpha. Stylus com-

planatus, apice dilatatus, antice villosus aut pubescens.

Legumen oblongum, polyspermum, bivalve, 1-loc. Semina

globosa aut angulata. De Cand.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Laturrvs* decaphyllus ; glabriusculus, caule acute angu-

lato, foliolis 8—412 elliptico-ovatis suboblongisve,

stipulis parvis lanceolatis utrinque acuminatis, pedun-

culis folii longitudine multifloris, calyce dense pubes-

cente dentibus 2 superioribus valde abbreviatis, (corol-

lis purpureis. ) stra i

Latuyrus decaphyllus. Pursh, Fl. Am. v.2. p. 471. Hook.

Fl. Bor. Am. v. 1. p. 159. f

Descr. Stem three feet and more long, procumbent, or

climbing among bushes, rather stout, downy, somewhat

geniculated, acutely three or four-angled and striated,

purplish-green. Leaves a span long, pinnated with from

eight to twelve ovato-elliptical, or sometimes approaching

to oblong, alternate, remote, and shortly petiolated leaflets, __

mucronated at the point, somewhat nerved, and ater: ag

reticulated,

* In Greek Aabvpor, the name of a Leguminose plant in Theopbrastus. ae

VOL. VI. B Be

reticulated, bright yellow-green and nearly glabrous above,

aler, almost glaucous and downy when seen through a

Teen beneath. Rachis angular, terminated by a branched

tendril. The stipules may be said to be half arrow-shaped, —

with the lobe deflexed, and equal in size to the stipule, in

other words, to be composed of two equal, acuminated, —

divaricating lobes: the length about three-fourths of an —

inch. Peduncles about as long as the leaves, angular —

and striated, slightly downy, terminated by an unilaterally

and very bowutifal many-flowered raceme. Pedicels curva

downy. Calyx reddish-purple, very downy, obscurely

ribbed, the two upper teeth very short, the lowermost one |

the longest. Vexillum bright red-purple, becoming paler

and more blue in age; above the claw are two obtuse

teeth, and the border is minutely, but delicately reticulated

with red. Ale oblong, the upper margin complicated, and

folding into some depressions of the carina so as to adhere —

rather firmly to it, pale purplish ; carina obtuse, almost

white. Filaments in two sets. Style linear, a little dilated —

upwards, and there downy above. |

In the “ Flora Boreali-Americana” I have described this

plant, which is found, both by Dr. Ricnarpson and Mr.

Drummonp, on the banks of the Saskatchawan river, in N.

lat. 52°—53°, and by Mr. Dovetas, in North-West America,

as the L. decaphyllus of Mr. Pursu, a native of the Missouri,

and from whose description it only differs in the greater

number of flowers in a raceme. These flowers are rather

large, forming a dense, almost capitate raceme, before ex-

pansion of a bright red colour, gradually becoming purple

as they open, and fading away in age to a rather dingy

blue. Our plant was raised from seeds brought home by

ie Droummonp and Dr. Ricnarpson, in the garden of P.

EILL, Esq. and it flowered for the first time in June, 1831.

It is a highly ornamental speci :

in every haste: der pecies, and well merits a place —

—

pe 1, Vexillum. 2, Ale, 3. Carina. 4, Style. 5. Calyx :—mag-

HTH del?

Pub. by 8. Curtis, Glazenwood Eevex Jan¥ 1,13

Ee ee eee eee

G, Mato warn .

C3184 ys

GERANIUM ALBIFLORUM. WHITE-FLOWERED

Crane’s Binz. ~

FEE EKEEEREREEEE EERE

Class and Order.

MonaDELPHIA DEcANDRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—GeraniAcez. )

Generic Character.

Sepala 5 equalia. Pet. 5 equalia. Stam. 10 fertilia

alterna majora. Glandule nectarifere ad basin stam. ma-

jorum. Carpellorum ariste intus glabre, demum elastice,

a basi ad axios apicem circinnatim revolute.— Herbe

rarissime suffrutescentes, foliis palmato-lobatis, pedunculis

1—2-floris. De Cand.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Geranium * albiflorum ; caule terete erecto dichotomo in-

ferne glabro superne glanduloso-piloso, foliis profunde

5-partitis, laciniis ovato-acuminatis inciso-subpinnati-

fidis subpilosis, radicalibus longe petiolatis superio-

ribus oppositis breve petiolatis 3-partitis magis acu-

minatis, calycibus glanduloso-pilosis, petalis integris

(albis) intus filamentisque basi hirsutis.

Geranium albiflorum. Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. v. 1. p. 116.

t.40. Graham im Ed. N. Phil. Journ. June, 1831.

Descr. This is a perennial plant, with herbaceous,

erect stems, a foot and a half or two feet high, rounded,

simple and glabrous below, upwards dichotomously branch-

ed and downy. Leaves almost entirely glabrous, the lower

ones upon very long stalks, palmatedly five-partite, the

lobes ovato-acuminate, cut and laciniated in a pinnatifid

manner :

* From ytpavs a crane ; whose beak the seed-yessel somewhat resembles. —

manner: those of the stem are gradually smaller upwards, —

on shorter stalks, three-partite, more acuminated and in-

cised. Peduncles elongated, downy, and glandular, two-

flowered, and, as well as the pedicels, bracteated at the —

base. Calyx of five oblong, glandular leaves, tipped with

a long, soft mucro. Petals obovate, longer than the calyx,

tapering into a short unguis, milk-white, veined, hairy and

ciliated below. Stamens with hairy glands on the lower

parts of their filaments, which are reddish-purple. Anthers

bluish-purple. Stigmas yellow-green.

The gardens, both of Edinburgh and Glasgow, are in-

debted for the possession of this plant to the exertions of —

Mr. Drummonp, who brought home seeds of it from the

ose Ze the Rocky Mountains of North America, in lat.

In habit and general appearance it approaches, on the

one hand, the European G. pratense, and on the other, the —

N. American G. maculatum, differmg in the characters

above given, and in the colour of the flowers, which are

constantly white.

_ It blossoms copiously during the summer months, and

increases readily by its roots.

Fig. 1. Petal. 2. Stamen and Gland :—magnified.

J125.

WIA del?

Lub. by S.Cartis, Glasemrved £s8¢x Jan? 1 1832

( 3125 ).

Cereus Royenr. Van Roven’s Cereus.

= Conia Gyvtetacn ds 1 Cll, = oj perby Mniw

BEER EEE EEE EEEEEEE

Class and Order.

IcosanpRIA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Cacrez. )

Generic Character.

Sepala numerosissima imbricata basi ovario adnata, in

tubum elongatum concreta, exteriora breviora calycinalia,

media longiora colorata, intima petaliformia. Stamina

numerosissima cum tubo concreta. Stylus filiformis apice

multifidus. Bacca sepalorum reliquiis areolata tuberculosa

aut squamata. Cotyledones nulle ?>—Frutices carnosi elon-

gati axi ligneo interne medullifero donati, angulis vertica-

libus spinarum fasciculos gerentibus, regulariter sulcati.

Anguli seu ale nunc plurime, nunc pducissime, rarius due

tantum et tunc rami compresso-alati. Flores ampli e spt-

narum fasciculis aut crenis angulorum ort. DC. —

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Cereus * Royeni ; erectus simplex continuus 9—10-angu-

latus, angulis acutiusculis, spinis fasciculatis 68

aciculiformibus fuscis junioribus lana laxa paulo lon-

gioribus, tubo florali brevi crassa inermi, lobis exteri-

oribus parvis viridi-purpureis, interioribus roseis

omnibus subacutis. 4s ae

Cereus Royeni. Haw. Syn. p. 182. De Cand. P

x p- 466. : : = z ; :

Cactus Royeni. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 688. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed.

2. v.3. p. ITT.

Descr. With ‘us, this plant has attained a height of ae

about three feet and a half, and a diameter of an inch and

* From the Latin word Cereus, signifying pliant, which many of the —

Species are,

a half or two inches, erect, straight, or somewhat flexuose,

of nearly the same width throughout, obtuse at the extre-

mity, marked with eight to ten prominent, rather acute

angles or ridges, which are beset with little tufts of rather

long, lax, and deciduous wool, whence arises a spreading

(or when young erect) cluster of dingy brown, long, slender,

and sharp aculei, some of them nearly an inch m length,

longer than the wool. From a tuft of this description (the

woolly substance being increased in quantity, and rising

one above another in each successive season,) springs a

flower, large, indeed, in proportion to the size of the plant,

but not remarkable for the beauty of its colour. The tube

is about two inches long and three-fourths of an inch thick,

of an olive green colour, glabrous and unarmed, expanding

upwards into many imbricated, fleshy scales or segments,

which are ovate and acute, often tinged with rose colour.

These may be considered as constituting the calyx: for

within is a series of ovate, pale rose-coloured petals, shorter

than the calyx. Stamens numerous, shorter than the co- |

rolla. Anthers linear-oblong, pale yellowish-white. Style —

exserted, white, jointed near the base, and deep rose colour-

ed below the joit. Stigma of about seven or eight rays,

which are erect, or connivent, white.

_ The difficulty of determining the various species of the

Cactus tribe, is well known to those who have had occasion

to study them. In the present instance, we have given @

plate of an individual, which certainly, in description, is so

little at variance with the Cereus Royeni, that I am inclined

to think it is that species: although the exterior scales of

the flower are not acuminated, as De Canpoue describes

them to be ; nor are the petals white, but rose-coloured.

Our specimens were obligingly communicated to the

Glasgow Botanic Garden by —— Rysurn, Esq. of this

place, who received them from Mr. Swarr of Grenada. —

Our tallest plant, three feet and more in height, flowers

readily in the spring and summer. We possess a very

similar plant from Trinidad, whence it was sent by the

late Baron de Snack: but it has considerably shorter

poe, and is, probably, the Cerrus lanuginosus of Mr.

Awortu (Cactus lanuginosus. Lan.) )

——n

———

_ Fig. 1. Flower: nat. size. 2. Anther: magnified. 3. Style and Section

of the Germen: nat. size. 4. Sti : A s

ee Wool: nat. size. tigma: magnified, 5, Tuft of Spines “|

da OP SRE Sneha Gea a SY

( 3126)

ERIOCAULON DECANGULARE. ‘'TEN-ANGLED

PIpE-wortT. |

ERE EER EE EEKEEEEEE EEE

Class and Order.

Moneecta TErTrraNnpDRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Rest1acez. )

Generic Character.

Capitulum androgynum : squamis unifloris, extimis se-

pius vacuis involucrantibus. Perianthium duplici serie

4—6-phyllum.—Masc. in disco capituli. Perianthiwn

foliolis interioribus infra connatis altiusve insertis. Sta-

mina 4A—6. Anthere biloculares—Fem. in ambitu capi-

tuli. Perianthium foliolis interioribus distinctis. Stylus

1. Stigmata 2—3. Capsula 2—3-locularis, 2—3-loba,

angulis salientibus dehiscens. - Semina solitaria. Br. —

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Eriocauton * decangulare ; scapo elato longe vaginato

10—12-angulato, foliis subulato-ensiformibus canali-

culatis glabris, capitulo magno. depresso - globoso,

squamis exterioribus ovatis nitidis apice hirsutis in-

terioribus linearibus hirsutissimis, perianthii foliolis4 _

- apice villosis. | | Pe

Ertocauton decangulare. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 485. Mich.

Fl. Am. Bor. v.11. p. 165. Pursh, Fl. Am. v.1. p. 91.

Elliott, Carol. v. 2. p. 565, Loddiges, Bot. Cab. t. .

1310. Willd. Sp. Pl. 2. 1. p. 486. Roem. et Sch.

See Veget. v. 2. p..864. Spreng. Syst. Veg.v.3.p.

Errocauron decemangulare. Lumb. et Kunth, Nov. Gen.

Am. v. 1. p. 254. | ee a

Errocauton serotinum. Lam. Encyel. v. 3. p. 176. (fide

_ Potret.) . . cf

Eriocauton Novaboracens. Pluken. Amalth. t. 409. f. 5.

Descr. —

* Named from «por, wool, and xavd0s, the stem, in allusion to the downy =

stems or scapes of the species first known. . a

Descr. Perennial. Leaves all radical, a span or more

long, half an inch broad, subulato-ensiform, pale green,

somewhat shining, semipellucid, striated, and compactly

cellular, the inner ones nearly erect, the outer ones patent

or recurved. Scape one to three feet high, terete, with

twelve (often spiral) strie and as many obtuse angles

between them; sheathed below with a bractea, which is

nearly as long as the leaves, tubular, and spirally striated.

Head of Flowers nearly three-fourths of an inch in diameter,

forming a depressed globe, nearly hemispherical, woolly.

Outer scales the largest, empty, ovate, acute, pale yellowish-

brown, glossy: inner ones bearing flowers, linear, very

hairy. Male Flowers in the disk, each a perianth of four

leaves, the two outer and lower ones subconduplicate, —

carinate, hairy at the back and tip; the two inner ones

united for the greater part of their length into an infundi-—

buliform, glabrous tube, the two lips hairy, bearing each a

black, sessile gland, and at the base two stamens on short

filaments and two others from the sinus of the lips, one on

each side. There are besides two glands at the base of

these lips. Filament short, white. Anther 2-lobed, dark

green. Female Flowers occupying the circumference.

Segments of the Perianth free to their base, or nearly so;

outer ones conduplicate ; inner ones linear, spathulate,

hairy at the extremities. Pistil on short stipes. Germen

two-lobed. Style bifid. Stigmas subulate. a

A native of North America, from Pennsylvania to Caro-

lina and Virginia ; and if Humeoxpt’s E. decemangulare be

the same, as is supposed by that author, of the tropical

rts of South America likewise. Our Glasgow Garden Is

indebted to the Messrs. Loppiexs for the species. It is,

with us, cultivated in the stoves, in pots of peat-earth set

ito pans of water. Its flowers are produced in July and

ae eeteeiny upon scapes two and a half and three feet long.

_ Judging from the description, Micuaux’s E. gnaphalodes

is very nearly allied to this; nor can I distinguish what }

have received from the Southern States, under that name,

from the present. Like our British Errocauton, (E. sept

-gulare) it is liable to vary much in size.

Fig. 1. Section of the Scape. 2. Outer Secale of the Capitulum. 3. Inner

Scale. 4. Male Flower. 5. Seale of a Female Flower. 6. Female Flowe™

7. Pistil :—magnified. —

ie ¢ : fab by J lurizs Geis Essex San? £1832

a ee ee ee

( $127.)

VERBENA VENOSA. STRONG-NERVED

VERVAIN. .

KEE EKER KEE KEKE EKER

Class and Order.

Dipynamia ANGIOSPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord.— VERBENACE2. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-fidus, dente unico subbreviore. Cor. limbus irre-

‘gulariter 5-lobus. Stam. inclusa. Utriculus 4-spermus,

cito rumpens, ut maturi fructus caryopses sistant. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

VERBENA venosa ; asperrima, caule acute tetragono, foliis

oblongo-lanceolatis sessilibus basi latis subcordatis

venosis grosse acutissimeque serratis, spicis termina-

libus decussatim paniculatis, corollis calyce cylin-

draceo 4-plo (bractea 3-plo) longioribus. |

VerBena venosa. Gill. et Hook. Bot. Misc. v. 1. p. 167.

Descr. This Versena, in the wild state, is about a foot

in height, and decumbent at the base ; in our stove, it rises

nearly erect to a height of two to three feet. Its stem is —

rough, acutely quadrangular, but little branched. Leaves —

Opposite, remote, rough, oblongo-lanceolate, sharply,

coarsely, and unequally serrated, strongly marked with

veins, which are immersed above, and prominent beneath,

the apex acute, the base sessile, narrow in the lower leaves, —

In the rest broad and somewhat cordate. At the setting-on —

of the peduncles of the flowers, the leaves become lanceo-

late, or lanceolato-subulate, acute, entire bracteas. The

_ peduncles themselves are opposite, three to four pairs placed

m a sort of decussated panicle, having a terminal, nearly

Sessile spike. Spikes oblong, with rather closely imbri ated,

hairy, purple, subulate bracteas. Flowers flowering from

below upwards in succession. Calyx shorter than the

bractea and concealed by it, cylindrical, with five angles,

and five, nearly equal, red teeth, hairy. Corolla rather

large, rich purple. Tube three or four times as long as the

calyx, curved, downy, purple ; limb in five broad, emargi

nate, almost bifid, purple segments, mouth slightly hairy

Stamens four, inserted below the middle of the tube: Fila

ments short: Anthers ovato-lanceolate. Pistil: Germen

oval, glabrous. Style about halfas long as the tube of the

corolla. Stigma somewhat capitate, with a spur at its base. —

Fruit separating into four oblong achenia, on one of which —

the style for a time remains, and enveloped by the persist-_

ent calyx, which is closed at the mouth. :

This is a very handsome species of VERBENA, in 7 :

respects allied to V. Bonariensis, differing in its much —

shorter spikes, and vastly larger flowers, which are of a_

bright purple colour. :

_ It isa native of the Pampas of Buenos Ayres, whence -

seeds were sent by Dr. Guus, its discoverer, to Mr. Nett,

and to the Botanic Gardens of Edinburgh and Glasgow, —

where the plants have flowered readily in the greenhou

during the summer months. From a specimen kindly com

municated by Mr. Next our figure was made.

———

Fig. 1. Leaf from the lower part of the Plant: natural size. 2. Flower

and Bractea, 3. Stamens. 4. Pistil. 5. Fruit enclosed in the Calyx and

with the Bractea, 6, Fruit, separating into four achenia: magnified.

r S

*”

Law]

| (93128 )8

MICHAUXIA LAVIGATA. Smootu MIcHAUvUXxIA.

KEKE KER KKK KE KEKE KEKEK

Class and Order.

OcranpRIA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord —Campanutaceg. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 8 (—10) -fidus, sinubus appendicibus obtectis.

Cor. 8 (—10) -partita, rotata. Stam. 8 (—10) inter se

libera ; filamentis latissimis, membranaceis, basi approx-

imatis ; antheris flavis, apice leviter cuspidatis. Stylus

pilis collectoribus 16 (—20) ordinibus dispositis tectus.

Stigmata 8 (—10) filiformia, ovarium totum inferum, 8

(—10) -loculare, loculamentis lobis calycinis oppositis.

Capsula nutans, 8—10-valvis, basi dehiscens. Sema nu-

merosa, ovata, ferruginea, receptaculis carnosis ad angulos"

internos loculamentorum sitis inserta. Alph. De Cand.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Micuavxia levigata; caule elato glaberrimo nitido, foliis

duplicato - dentatis hispidis, radicalibus ovatis longe

petiolatis, caulinis sessilibus oblongis, inferioribus basi

attenuatis, superioribus cordatis, floribus decandris,

stigmate calyce corollaque 10-partitis. Ss

Micuavuxia levigata. Vent. Hort. Cels. p. 81.t. 81. Pers.

Syn. Pl. ». 1. p. 418. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p.

213. Graham in Ed. New Phil. Journ. Dec. 1830.

_ Bot. Reg. for Oct. 1831, cum Ic.

Micuavxia decandra. Fischer MSS.

Descr. Root perennial. Stem (eleven feet high,) her-_

baceous, smooth, shining, tapering, subsimple, upright, —

straight, ©

—_—.

_* Named in honor of the celebrated Botanist and Traveller, AN:

Micuavx,. | =

straight. Leaves sprinkled on both sides with harsh, erect

hairs, duplicato-dentate, coarsely veined and reticulate;

root-leaves ovate, decurrent upon petioles longer than them-

selves, and on the upper part of which there are a few small

pinne ; stem-leaves sessile, the lower ones oblong, and

somewhat attenuated at the base, higher up cordate and

more acute, and gradually passing into cordate, acute, —

bracteas, with reflected aculei on the margin and on the —

back of the middle rib. Flowers scattered along nearly —

the whole length of the stem, on short peduncles in the

axils of the bracteas, they expand in succession, and slowly, —

from below upwards. Peduncles solitary, bearing three —

flowers, of which the terminal one only has expanded. |

Calyx consisting of ten segments which are acute, at first”

erect, afterwards spreading at right angles, reflected in the —

sides and fringed with reflected aculei, and of ten other

segments, which extend backwards along the pedicel, flat

and shorter, but in other respects similar to the first ten,

and alternating with them. Corolla white, much longer

than the calyx, ten-parted, segments (one inch long, one—

line broad) linear, revolute, reflected in the edges, and

ciliated with reflected aculei along the middle rib. Stamens

ten ; flaments connivent, subulate, winged, wings reflected,

villous ; anthers as long as the filaments, linear, yellow, :

bursting along their sides ; pollen yellow. Germen top-

shaped, inferior, ribbed, ten-locular. Style stout, straight,

longer than the stamens, pubescent. Stigma ten-parted,

revolute. Ovules very numerous, attached to a large, cen-_

tral receptacle. The whole plant yields, on the slightest

injury, a large quantity of milky juice. :

Seeds of this plant, which is ‘a native of the North of

Persia, were communicated to the Botanic Garden of Edin-

burgh by Dr. Fiscuer, in March, 1829, and the same spe-

cimen has been in flower with us in the open border for

about two months after the middle of Augist. Even yet,

(16th October,) the flowers are not expanded much above

_ half way up the stem, and I have no doubt the plant would

_ have continued in blossom till the frost cut it down, but for

an injury which it has accidentally received. Graham.

Fig. 1. Stamen. 2, Section of a portion of the Germen. 3. Portion of

_ the Calyx, seen from beneath. 4. Extremity of the Segment of the Corolla,

seen from beneath.— Magnified. : ae

San

W.JH del? Pub by Slurtis Glaxenweed Efex. Sam? 1 1832. e

( 3129 )

ANTHERICUM SEMIBARBATUM. HALF-

BEARDED ANTHERICUM.

EREREEKEEEEREEREE ER EE

Class and Order.

Hexanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—AspHopELEz. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium sexpartitum, patens, «quale, deciduum.

Anthere versatiles. Ovarium loculis | Sade eee Stylus

filiformis. Stigma subpapillosum. Capsula subglobosa,

3-locularis, 3-valvis, valvis medio septiferis. Semina pauca,

angulata, umbilico nudo. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

ANTHERICUM semibarbatum ; radicibus fibrosis, filamentis

declinatis (exterioribus imberbibus?). Br.

ANTHERICUM semibarbatum. Br. Prod. Fl. Nov. Holl. v.1.

p. 275. Loddiges, Bot. Cab. t. 330.

Burzine semibarbata. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 86.

Schult. Syst. Veget. v. 7. p. 445.

Gime

Descr. Root fibrous. Leaves all radical, from six inches

to a toot long, subulate, rounded at the back, grooved in

front, glaucous-green, paler and yellowish below. Scape

one and a half or two feet high, rounded, glaucous-green,

earing at the extremity a raceme of flowers, of which a

few (two or three) only are expanded at atime. Perianth

of six ovate, obtuse, spreading, bright yellow pieces, with

& greenish nerve on the back. After flowering, the pedicels, —

Which are an inch or more long, become very erect, and the

perianth withers, persists, and changes to a yellow-brown

colour. Stamens six, declined, all of the filaments with a

tuft of yellow hairs above the middle. “Anthers wt 23

oO :

oblong, transverse. Pistil: Germen globose, three-lobed

Style with its base bent down, then curved upwards, filiform. q

Stigma acute.

Of the Genus AnrueEricum only two species are described —

as Australian by Mr. Brown ; A. bulbosum, figured at tab. —

3017 of this work, and the A. semibarbatum, which we con- —

sider the present plant to be, and of which the seeds were —

received from Van Dieman’s Land at the Glasgow Botanic —

Garden. It flowered in the Greenhouse in April, 1831.

As our A. bulbosum did not entirely accord with Mr. i

Brown’s character of that species ; so neither does the

present individual quite tally with the A. semibarbatum of —

that learned author; for the stamens are not bearded in the

outer filaments only, but all of them are furnished witha

dense tuft of hairs above the middle. This indeed exactly —

accords with the flowers of a plant described by ScuuTEs —

as a native of Van Dieman’s Land, under the name of —

Buxzine semibarbata, and which he thinks may probably —

constitute a new species, but of which he had not seen the —

roots and leaves.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Stamen. 3. Pistil: magnified.

Rew Z.. Guriding: dei® Fub- by S. Curis, Clazenwood Essex-Bb¥1 2852

( 3130 )

CoccoLoBA UVIFERA. RouND-LEAVED—

Sra-sipE GRAPE.

KKK KKK KK KE EK KEK EERE

Class and Order.

Octanpria Tricyni.

( Nat. Ord.—Potyeonez. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium 5-partitum corollatum. Nux monosperma,

perianthio baccato tecta.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Coccotona* uvifera; foliis cordato-orbiculatis obtusissimis

nitidis glabris, racemis spicatis, fructiferis nutantibus.

Coccotoza uvifera. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 523. Jacq. Am. p.

112. ¢. 73. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 2. p. 457. Ait. Hort.

Kew. ed. 2. v. 2. p. 421. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2.

p. 252.

GuAJABARA racemosa, foliis coriaceis subrotundis. Plum.

Ic. t. 145.

Coccorosza foliis crassis orbiculatis, smu acuto. Browne,

Jam. p. 209.

Prunus maritima, racemosa, &c. Sloane, Jam. v. 2. p.

129. t. 220. f. 3. ;

(G.) racemis fructiferis erectis. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 2. p. 457.

Coccotoza leoganensis. Jacq. Am. p. 113. t. 178. f. 33.

Descr. A Tree, twenty feet or more in height, much

branched, the branches flexuose. Leaves very beautiful, —

_ ample, orbiculari-cordate, coriaceous, entire, obtuse, wav- _

_ ed, of a full bright and glossy green, with the principal —

2 nerves

* xoxnos, fruit, and roos, a lobe, from the lobed fruit. =

VOL. VI. c

nerves red, especially at the base. Petioles short, with ©

combined, sheathing stipules at their base. Racemes ter- —

minal, long, erect in flower, afterwards cernuous; pedicels —

short, in many closely-placed fascicles, with little scales or _

bractee at their base. Flowers fragrant. Perianth small, ©

white, in five deep, spreading segments, uniting into a

fleshy attenuated base, which is jointed upon the pedicel. —

Stamens eight, combined at the base into an annulus which —

surrounds the germen. Germen superior, ovate. Styles —

three. Stigmas obtuse. As the fruit advances to maturity

it becomes enveloped by the enlarged and fleshy perianth,

which thus forms an obovate, reddish, purple Berry, re- —

sembling a small pear, with a scar at the top where the —

seements of the perianth had been attached: within is one —

cell, divided at the base into three imperfect cells, whose

dissepiments enter into the base of the nut. Nut roundish, —

very acute, longitudinally wrinkled, three-lobed at the base —

below, and attached by the centre. Albumen copious, —

marked with numerous clefts and fissures at the margin. In_

the middle of this, or nearly so, is the foliaceous Hmbryo,

with its radicle pointing upwards.

_ For drawings and description of this fine plant I am also

indebted to the Rey. L. Gumpine of the island of St. Vin-

cent. For though it has been cultivated in Britain since —

1690, when the species was introduced by the Duke of

Portland, it has not, as far as 1 am aware, yet produced —

blossoms in this country.

In its native climate, the West Indies, and the warmer

parts of South America, its roots penetrate into the sands

of the sea-shore and are washed by the waves: hence, in

conjunction with the racemes of pulpy fruits, arises its usual

English appellation. These fruits have a sweetish-acid

and rather agreeable flavour, but are not much esteemed, —

though generally sold in the markets.

_ ‘The wood, when boiled in water, gives out a red colour.

It is also employed for Cabinet-work. : i:

— od

——

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Part of a Fruit-bearin

Phe a S } - g Raceme. 3. Transverse se¢-

tion of the Berry. 4. Vertical section of ditto. 5. Transverse section Of

the Nut. 6. Embryo : magnified, 4

BL, I9G2

Pab by 8 Curtis Glazenwood Essex

( 3131 )

GEITONOPLESIUM CymosuM. CyMmosr

GEITONOPLESIUM.

BREE EKER EERE EERE EE EE

Class and Order.

Hexanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—AspHopELea. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium 6-partitum, patens, equale, imberbe, deci-

duum, Stam. 6, basi laciniarum inserta. Filamenta fili- —

formia, glabra, apice curvata. Anthere conniventes, sa-—

gittate, filamentis longiores. Ovarium loculis oligospermis.

Stylus filiformis, 3-suleus. Stigma simplex. Bacca oligo-

sperma. Semina subglobosa.—Suftrutices, habitu, pemtus

Kustrephi, cui affinitate proximi. Flores cymosi vel um-—

bellati, terminales et axillares. Pedicelli cum perianthii

basi subattenuata articulati. Bacca nigra, quandoque mo~

nosperma. (Forsan a planta peruviana genere divers€

sub Luzuriacam.) Br. oe

5 eae agi

Specific Character and Synonyms. — i

Grironoriesium * cymosum ; cymis terminalibus bipartitis,

_ramis teretibus, ramulis striatis levibus. Br. Or)

Gerronoriusrum cymosum. Cunningham in litt. a,

Luzuriaca cymosa. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. v. 1. p. 282.

Schult, Syst. Veget. v. 7. p. 316. Spreng. Syst. Veget.

v. 2. p. 9A.

Descr.

* From yuror, a neighbour, and rAncwr, near; inallusion no less to the

affinity of this plant with Eustreraus of Brown, (“ ge-vine’ of

the Colonists) than to its locality in relation to that plant.—“ The greatest

quantity of G. cymosum I ever saw in New South Wales, where it is,compa-

ratively speaking, a rare plant, was in the same dark-shaded wood, where

Evsrrepaus latifolius was equally abundant, and where they were to be

Seen climbing up the same tree.” Cunningham. eo

Descr. This appears to constitute a climbing and twining shrub

with slender, rounded, dark green, wiry stems, variously branched ; at

the setting on of the branches are small, membranaceous scales. Leaves —

alternate, rather remote, distichous, lanceolate, entire, glabrous, mem- —

branaceous, dark green above, paler beneath, furnished with a midnb, a

and finely striated, at the base much contracted and twisted, so as to a

form a minute sort of petiole. Flowers ina terminal, bifid cyme of from _

five to eight flowers, which are pendent. Perianth campanulate, of six —

yellow-green, oblongo-lanceolate, striated pieces, the three inner more —

delicate, and rather shorter than the outer. Stamens six. Filaments —

short, a little dilated at the base, and apparently united into a ring. An- —

thers linear, yellow, two-celled. Germen globose, green. Style slender, —

subulate, white. Stigma acute. —

_ For the means of publishing a figure of this interesting plant, I am

indebted to W. T. Arron, Esq., who supplied me with drawings and —

specimens for that purpose: the plant having been introduced to the —

Royal Garden at Kew from New Holland by Attan CuNNINGHAM,

Esq. late Colonial Botanist there, who has recently returned from that —

country, after many years’ residence, which have been wholly, and most —

enthusiastically devoted to the Natural History and Geography of itt

so that Science cannot fail to derive great benefit from his researches. _

Mr. Brown has in his Prodromus called in question the propriety —

of referring this Genus to Luzuriaca of the Flora Peruviana: and

when I had lately the pleasure of looking over some specimens of the —

et plant with that profound Botanist, he was quite satisfied om

int. <i

Mr. Cunnrneuam has hence been induced to give it the name of

Gerronopiesrum, and observes, that Mr. Don has ascertained that

the true Luzurtaca belongs to the Smrzace#; and that our present

Genus differs from Eusrreruus in having the divisions of the perianth

equal and beardless; but more especially in its indehiscent fruit, which

is a Berry, containing sometimes but a single seed; that of EusTRE-

PHUS being distinctly a trilocular, hard, baccate capsule, which, wher

burst, exhibits many large, black seeds. |

G. cymosum was found by Mr. Brown about Port Jackson, and

also within the tropical parts of New Holland. Mr. CunnincHAM

observes it to inhabit dense, subhumid woods on the sea-coast, in which

Corypna australis, the Ausoruita, or Tree-fern of the colony ; Ev-

TREPHUS Jatfolius ; Acuras australis ; Trocuocarpa laura;

— Cepreta Joona; Frevpia australis; Carciitia australis; several

parasitical Epip—npra; with the more splendid Australian FivicEs

and Musct, luxuriantly grow: on the belt of a mountain bounding the

: Illawarra, or Five Islands’ District, in lat. 343° on the West, and else--

mc in like shaded situations, on the extended shores of New South

Besides the two species of Mr. Brown, G. cymosum and G. montd-

num, Mr. Cunnincuam has discovered a third, which he has als?

introduced at Kew. It differs in habit from G. cymosum ; and that

Botanist distinguishes it as “G. asperum; ramulis membranaceo-angu-

latis asperis.” ;

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Stamens and Pistil, 3, Pistil:—magnified. 4

Revel & “uedding ded?

Lab br § Curtiss Gla zenwvod Essec.

LEBYL 1862

SPREE RTOS SIC NRE Steen sear ape

(- 8984 Fz

Pirer Berte. Beret Perrer.

Jeb Sbbbeekieek

Class and Order. 3

Dianpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Pireracea. )

Generic Character.

Spadix floribus undique tectis. Flores hermaphroditi, —

singulus squama suffultus. Stamina numero indeterminata. —

Anthere biloculares. Ovarium uniloculare ; ovulo soli-

tario, erecto. Stigma tri- aut multifidum, Bacca—Fru-

tices, rarius arbores, aromatice, ramis articulatis, nodosis.

Folia alterna, integra integerrima, se@pe nervosa. Spadices _

basi spatha wstructi, oppositifolii, rarissime terminales, —

eylindracei, nonnunquam subglobosi. Kunth.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Pirer* Betle; dioicum, foliis alternis bifariis cordatis 5—T-

herviis integerrimis glabris, amentis foemineis subcy-

lindricis cernuis. Roxb. ee :

Piper Betle. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 40. Fi. Seyl. n. 27. Vahl,

Enum. v. 1. p. 328. Willd. Sp. Pl.v. 1. p. 159. Roxb.

Fl. Ind. v.11. p. 160. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 1. p.

69. Roem. et Schult. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 307. Spreng.

Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 115. ee

Pier, qui Saururus foliis septinerviis oblongo-acuminatis.

Burm. Zeyl. p. 193. t. 82. f. 2. : :

Beerie Copr. Rheed. Hort. Mal. v. 7. p. 29. t. 15.

Sinn folium, &e. Herb. Amb. v. 5. p. 336. t. 116. f. 2. —

Descr. Stems shrubby, much branched, running along

the ground or climbing to a great height, throwing out

roots from the numerous joints. Leaves alternate, disti-

chous, cordato-ovate, more or less broad, oblique at the

ase, acuminated at the point, four to seven inches long, —

Slabrous, five to seven-nerved, nerves connected by ae :

a eg

* In Arshan babar h Latin, piper, &c. But Dr. 3

» ‘y, whence the Greek w:mep, Lat, piper, aS ee

'LLIAM Hunrer (see Asiatic Researches, vol. 9, 8vo. ed. p. 384,) considers: Be

the Sanserit word papali, (the name of the long Pepper,) to be the origi

Betle or Betel is derived from the Malabar beetla-codi. oe

hood ; till, becoming toothless, they are reduced to the ex:

tremity of having the ingredients previously reduced to a_

paste for them, that, without further effort, the Betel may

dissolve in the mouth. Along with the Betel, and generally —

in the Chunam, is the mode of conveying philtres, or love-

charms. How far they prove effectual 1 cannot take upon

me to say ; but J suppose that they are of the nature of our

stimulant medicines, and that the direction of the passion is _

indiscriminate. The practice of administering poison in

this manner is not followed in later times ; but that the idea

is not so far eradicated, as entirely to prevent suspicion, ap-

pears from this circumstance, that the guest, though taking

a leaf from the betel-service of his entertainer, not unfre-

quently applies it to his own chunam, and never omits to

pass the former between his thumb and fore-finger, in order

to wipe off any extraneous matter. This mistrustful pro-

edure is so epmamon as not to give offence.” ? :

an ancient Sanscrit inscriptio éde, i

the district of Adon, (or Pais ee vee ‘the

Asiatic Researches, this plant is reckoned among the greatest blessings

of the country :—“ In its towns are numerous groves of Mangou planta-

tions, of luxuriant Beéel, and fields of Rice; channels of water and wells;

opulent men and beautiful women ; temples of gods and of the saints;

and men blessed with vigour of body and every virtue.”

It is related in the life of Sir Sramrorp Rarruzs, that when Lady

Rarries reached Merambung in Sumatra, being much a

walking, the rest of the party having dispersed in various directions, she

lay down under the shade of a tree, when a Malay girl approached with |

eelied * N of manner, and on being asked if dir wasted any thing,

replied, No, but as you were quite alone, I thought you might like to

nag little — (talk); so I came to offer you some Siri, (Betel,

Considered medicinally, the Betel is kno ;

i ‘ wn to stimulate powerluby

the salivary glands andthe organs of digestion, and to diminish the pee

e skin. Notwithstanding the statements of Mr. MarsDEN

pr ve quoted, the chewing of Betel is said by the pe of the “ Dic-

. ch a degree, that persons who use it habit are

deprived of all that part of the teeth above the gums at the age

twenty-five or thirt : ‘ age

employment of it. ¥ years; yet, this does not hinder the univers

general is the cultivation of this pl it is di Gf

the cr plant, that it is difficult to say

pe tng eae it is really wild. Roxsurcu never saw it in a stale

he a a t author says it is raised from slips and cuttings, which

as to be y planted in a rich, moist soil, well enclosed and shaded, °

: protected in a great measure both from sun and rain.

places, Dag plantations of AiscuyNomEne grandiflora are made to

ie og tae en to heey off the sun ; in others poles are employed for

, and a thin shed of mats over them for the latter purpose.

Tas. 3132. Specimen with .

8 ith nearly mature Spikes. Fig. i —

| 2. Female Flowers, magnified. 3. Seed or Frit, gs Be Phe same, magnifie

Pub by 8 Curtis Gla

Svat

venwoed Essex feb¥ 1 ie32 . -

( 3133 )

GREVILLEA CALEYI. BLECHNUM-LEAVED >

GREVILLEA.

KE KEKE KEE KEE EK EEEEERE

Class and Order.

Terranpria. Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Prorteacez, )

Generic Character.

Perianthium irregulare ; foliolis laciniisve secundis: api- .

cibus cavis staminiferis. Glandula hypogyna unica dimid-

lata. Stigma obliquum depressum (raro subverticale co-

nicum). Folliculus unilocularis, dispermus, loculo centrali.

ina marginata, v. apice brevissime alata. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

GREVILLEA Caley? ; foliis pinnatis super pubescentibus pilis

patulis subter cinereis tomentosis tomento subappresso,

laciniis oblongo-linearibus parallelis integerrimis, ra-

cemis erectis, perianthiis ovariisque hirsutis, stigmate

dilatato subverticali convexo. Br.

GREVILLEA Caleyi. Brown, Prodr. Suppl. 1. p. 22.

Grevittea blechnifolia. Cunningh. MSS. apud Hort. Kew.

_ Descr. This plant I have not seen growing, but, judg-

ing by the specimens communicated from Kew, it consti-

tutes a moderately -sized shrub, with rounded, zigzag

branches clothed with dense, ferruginous down. Leaves

alternate, remote, patent, often recurved, pinnated with

many alternate, linear-oblong, obtuse segments, the upper

ones decurrent, the margins recurved, above downy with a

Patent, ferruginous hairs, below whitish, and silky with

Glossy, appressed hairs. The young foliage and young —

ranches are beautifully tinged with red, giving the whole —

Plant a great richness of colour, Racemes shorter than he

leaves,

leaves, axillary, and sometimes bearing a leaf on the pe-

duncle. Pedicels very short. Flowers secund, brownish-

red inclining to purple. Tube of the perianth rather

slender, swollen below, curved above, very hairy. Germen

oblong, clothed with white, silky hair. Style very long,

ima bright red. Stigma green, capitate, somewhat ob-

ique.

For specimens and a drawing of this lovely plant, I am

indebted to Wir11am T. Arron, Esq. who received seeds of

it at the Royal Gardens of Kew in 1829, from Mr. ALLAN

Cunnincuam, collected by that most zealous and able

Botanist, between Port Jackson and Broken Bay, New

South Wales. It was previously (in 1824) found by the

same Naturalist, who forwarded it to England with the

appropriate MS name of Greviniea Ddlechnifolia. But it

appears to have been already known to Mr. Brows, from

_ specimens gathered by the late Mr. Caxzy, in 1804, and by

him it has been published in the Supplement to the Prodr.

FI. Nov. Holl. as G. Caleyi.

It flowered in the greenhouse at Kew, in June, 1830.

—————

Fig. 1. Flower, 2. Perianth eut open to show the inside of the Tube and

the Stamens: magnified. - ~

Pith, by S. Curtis Glaxenwood Essex, Feb¥11932

GRATIOLA TETRAGONA. Four-sipED

Hepce-Hyssop.

KER KEE KEE EERE KEK ERE

Class and Order.

Drianpri4 Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Scropuunarin2. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-partitus. Corolla tubulosa, bilabiata, labio supe-

riore bilobo, inferiore trifido equali. Stam. 2 antherifera,

2—3 sterilia (nunc 4 antherifera.) Stigma bilamellatum.

Caps. 4-valvis, dissepimento e marginibus inflexis tardius

es ahs oppositifolie. Flores axillares, bibrac-

teat?. rT.

Specific Character.

Grationa* tetragona ; glabra, caule tetragono angulis ob-

tuse alatis, foliis lanceolatis acute serratis inferne atten-

uatis subauriculatis, floribus subsessilibus subspicatis.

Descr. Perennial. Stem herbaceous, nearly simple,

erect, a foot or more high, four-sided, glabrous, the i oe

with short, obtuse wings. Leaves opposite, two and a alf

to three inches long, lanceolate, very acute, almost acumi-

nate, deeply and sharply serrated, glabrous, the younger

ones minutely punctated, and with the serratures glandular,

all of them glabrous, attenuated and somewhat auricled at

the base. ‘These leaves are gradually smaller upwards, so

that the floral leaves may almost be considered bracteas.

ers small, forming a sort of dense, pyramidal raceme, —

Seen

* Derived from Gratia Dei, “ by the grace or favour of God ;” in allusion —

the eminent medicinal virtues of the most common species, GratioLa

Weinalis,

so closely are the small leaves placed, in the axils of which

the flowers are situated. Calyx deeply five-partite, the

segments subulato-lanceolate, and bearing at the base, on

each side, a subulate bractea, about as long as the calyx.

Corolla bright and deep blue a little inclining to purple,

the tube swollen at the base, slightly hairy; limb bilabiate,

striated ; upper lip roundish, erect, emarginate ; lower one

large, horizontal, deeply cut into three cuneate, slightly

waved lobes: the mouth and tube within hairy. Anthers

four, didynamous, all perfect ; no sterile stamens. Pistil :

Germen oval-oblong, inserted on a yellow, fleshy disk or

ring. Style about as long as the tube of the corolla, white:

Stigma broad, compressed, white, two-lipped ?

I have referred this plant to Gratioxa, with which Genus

it agrees in habit, and in the calyx and corolla ; but from

which, as defined by Mr. Brown, it differs by having four

fertile stamens.

Seeds of it were received at the Botanic Garden of Glas-

gow from Buenos Ayres, by favor of Mr. Tweepie. Culti-

vated in the stove, it produced its small but bright blossoms

in August, 1831.

——a

——

Fig. 1. Front view of a Flower, with its Floral Leaf. 2. Upper Side of 4

Flower. 3. Section of the Tube of the Corolla, 4 Bracteas, and

a6 fan, esiied: e Corolla, 4. Calyx, Bracteas,

WIT det!

b by S Curtis

Glazenwood. Essex LOBEL LE32.

ountt

Sr :

( 3135 )

SALVIA STRICTIFLORA. ERECT-FLOWERED

SAGE. i

Class and Order.

Dianpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Lasiatz. ) ee

Generic Character.

Cal. subcampanulatus, bilabiatus, labio superiore 3-den-

tato, inferiore bifido. Cor. ringens. Filamenta duo fertilia

bifida, lobo altero adscendenti anthera dimidiata, altero

Sterili, Br. ae :

2 Specific Character and Synonym.

Satvia strictiflora ; glabra suffruticosa, foliis firmis ovato-—

cordatis obtusis venosis serratis subtus pallidis, brac-

teis ovali-oblongis acutis calycibusque (tis sublongio-

ribus) glandulosis, floribus erectis, corolla pilosa, stylo g

staminibusque exsertis. ry teeleys

Satvia strictiflora. Hook. in Bot. Misc. v. 2. p. 234.

_Descr. Plant three feet high, somewhat shrubby at the

base, and there principally branched ; branches square,

pale green, subherbaceous, glabrous. Leaves ovato-cor-

date, two to three inches long, on petioles rather shorter

than themselves, glabrous, obtuse, somewhat wavy, of a-

rather firm texture, dark green above, and marked with

deeply impressed nerves, pale beneath with prominent —

nerves, every where glabrous. Raceme erect, much elon-

gated in the native specimens, shorter in the cultivated —

Ones, terminal. Flowers erect, opposite, subsecund. Brac-—

teas deciduous, ovate, acute, glandular and viscid. Pedi-

cels rather shorter than the calyx, glabrous. Calyx tubular, —

Striated, clothed with viscid glands, two-lipped ; lips near

equal, erect, upper one entire, acute, lower one bifid

Corolla three or four times the length of the calyx, rather

bright red, clothed with fulvous hairs. Upper lip the

longest, arched, somewhat acute, entire; lower one of three

concave, rounded lobes, of which the middle one is the

largest. Filament very short. Connectivum exceedingly

long, white, lower extremity somewhat spathulate, acute,

reddish, upper extremity exserted and incrassated, red, and

bearing a transverse, solitary cell of an anther, filled with

orange-coloured pollen. Style red, much exserted: Stigma

bifid, with one long, recurved segment.

In general aspect, it must be confessed that the present

SatviA is closely allied to S. biflora of Ruiz and Pavon,

Fl, Per. t. 38. f.a.; but the latter is described and figured

as “ planta villosissima ;” whereas our plant is quite desti-

tute of hairs in every part except the corolla. Smrrn’s 8.

tubiflora (Icones, t. 26,) has the stem and leaves hairy, and

is, probably, the same with the S. biflora, as Ruiz and Pavox

suggested.

S. strictiflora was found by Mr. Crucxsuanxs between

Yazo and Obrajillo in the valley of Canta, Peru, and

seeds were thence forwarded to our garden, where the

eal flowered in the stove in December, 1831. Mr.

_ Marruews has since gathered the same plant at Cuesta of

Huamaritanga and Purcochuco in Peru, and sent it to his

correspondents marked “ No. 467, Sanvia biflora.”” The

vernacular name he states to be “ Socoencha.” The whole

ork on being touched yields a strong, but not agreeable

scent. :

Fig. 1. Stamen. 2. Calyx: magnified.

( 3136 )

STYLIDIUM SCANDENS. CLIMBING STYLIDIUM.

HEHEHE HMEE

Class and Order.

GyNANpDRIA TETRANDRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Srvuipez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. bilabiatus. Cor. irregularis, 5-fida, lacimia quinta

(labello) dissimili, minore, deflexa (raro porrecta) reliquis

patentibus (raro geminatim coherentibus. Colwmna recli-

nata, duplici flexura ; Antheris bilobis, lobis. divaricatis-

simis; Stigmate obtuso, indiviso. Capsula bilocularis,

dissepimento superne quandoque incompleto. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Stytiprum * scandens ; caule scandenti, foliis linearibus —

apice spirali cirrhoso, fauce coronata, labello appen-

diculato, columna superne pubescenti. Br,

Styipium scandens. Brown, Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. ov. 1.

p. 570. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 3. p. 746. Graham,

in Edin. Phil. Journ. Dec. 1831.

fa,

Descr. Root perennial. Stem (eighteen inches high.)

slender, shining, red, glabrous, branched. Leaves (three

inches and a half long) whorled, crowded, linear, channel-

, mucronate, rolled back at the apex in form of a cirrhus,

rowing out long, filiform, single, unbranched, red and

Shining roots from their axils. Bractee green, adpressed, one —

low each pedicel, and two nearly opposite above its mid-

le, the former small, ovato-acuminate, or larger and sub- |

ulate, the latter very minute and scale-like. Corymbose

"acemes, erect, clustered at the extremities of the branches. —

edicels (three to nine lines long) spreading, single-flower- _

ed, red, glabrous, filiform. Calyx superior, bilabiate, yee es

——

2 = From otvacs, the style, er coluna; which is a remarkable feature the

three-partite, green, ¢labrous,adpressed, segments elliptical,

with paler edges, ciliated. Corolla (about ten lines across,) |

monopetalous; tube epigynous, nearly colourless, twice

the length of the calyx ; limb five-partite ; labellum pale,

reflected, ovate, acute, fringed with glandular hairs, au-

ricled, auricles spreading, very slender, subulato-filiform,

rose-coloured, twice the length of the labellum, with a few

glandular hairs near the bases, under a high magnifying

power appearing rough and serrulate; other segments of

the corolla lilac and imbricated in the bud, afterwards rose-

coloured, paler below, darker in the throat, spreading oF

slightly reflected, obovate, sparingly ciliated, crenate al

the apex, the two next the labellum crowned with an erect,

generally emarginate subspathulate scale, the two others

naked. Column terminal, reflected over the labellum, and

irritable, flat, white at its base, lilac in the middle, yellow

towards its extremity, and there especially, but slightly also

on its upper surface, glanduloso-pubescent. Anthers, after

bursting, brownish-yellow, surrounded by a tuft of shining;

transparent, at length yellow pubescence, bilobular, lobes”

divaricating, elliptical, pointed at the lower extremity, —

bursting along the front. Stigma in the centre betweel |

the anthers, green, at first hidden and small, but afterwards ©

much enlarged, capitate and raised upon a conical neck, —

pubescent. Germen green, becoming reddish-brown when |

ripe, ovate, glabrous, unilocular ; ovules placed on a roun

central receptacle, having the mere rudiments of a dissepl

ment at its base.

This very pretty species of a singular and interesting —

genus was raised at the Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, from

seeds communicated by the late Lord Bianryre ; a noble-

man, whose melancholy death, in a period of undistinguish-

ing popular tumult, was deplored far beyond the wide-

spread circle which includes those who had a persona

knowledge of his many virtues. They had been receive”

by his Lordship from Colonel Linpsey, to whom, and t

. Fraser, I owe the possession of excellent specimen®

collected at King George’s Sound. The flowers wet

slowly developed in the greenhouse, and in successio?

during the whole month of November. Graham.

The drawing from which our plate is engraved, W

obligingly made by Dr. Grevitte.

Fig. 1. Front view of a Flower. 2. Back view jum,

— ; - 2. of the same. 3. Colum”

with the Anthers in a young and unexpanded state. 4. Column, with oe

= Anthers burst :—all magnified.

———

ETE

BOS BLING

cds), UPS,

are

( 3137 ) =

CLEOME GIGANTEA. Gucanric CLEomE.

Jeb biisisikeioioiek

tai , | Class and Order.

A ay

HexanpriA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Cappariwez. )

Generic Character. ©

Cal. 4-sepalus, patens, subequalis. Pet.4. Torus sub-

hemisphericus. Stam. 6, rarius 4. Siliqgua dehiscens in

calyce stipitata aut sessilis. D C.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

CLEomE* (Prpiceniaria) gigantea ; fruticosa velutino-pu-

pee subviscosa, foliis 7-foliolatis obovato-lanceo-

atis. ;

Cieome gigantea. Linn. Mant. p. 430. Jacq. Obs. 4. p.

1.¢.75. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 3. p.567. Ait. Hort. Kew.

ed. 2. v. 4. p. 131. De Cand. Prodr. v. 1. p. 238.

Schult. Syst. Veget. v. 6. p. 28. Spreng. Syst. Veg.

v, 2p. 122.

Cixome viridiflora. Schreb. Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. 4. p. 136.

t. 3. sais

SinaPistrum giganteum. ‘“ Mench, Meth. p. 250.”

Descr. Stem three to five feet “high, erect, shrubby,

branched above, every where downy, the younger branches

glandular. Leaves alternate, septenate, petioled; leaflets

Spreading in a digitate manner; lanceolate or inclining

to obovate, acute, narrower at the base, on both sides

clothed with a dense, silky pubescence: the midrib strong,

from which diverge many parallel, lateral veins. pie:

onger

‘ se Anciently given to some plant allied to Srvapis, and now to the present

€nus on account of its affinity with Srnaris. oe

VOL, vi. D Jina

longer than the leaf, rounded, downy. Raceme terminal,

_ erect. Pedicels jointed upon the stem, one to two

inches long, thickened upwards, glandular. Calyx of four

linear, unequal, reflexed and at length revolute, glandular

and deciduous leaflets. Petals greenish, linear, two inches

and more long, cohering by their* margins, and opening

only on one side, whence the stamens and pistil are pro-

truded. Torus subglobose, fleshy, orange-coloured. Sta-_

mens six, equal in length. Filaments three inches long,

curved upwards, gréenish, tinged with red towards the

summit. Anthers linear, purplish-yellow, opening by late-

ral fissures. Pollen globose, yellow. Germen linear, com-

pressed, downy, three-fourths of an inch long, crowned

with the sessile and flat stigma, and supported upon a stalk

which is nearly as long as the stamens. Ovules many, on

longitudinal, sutural, filiform receptacles. __

Linn us says of this species “‘ Saporis urentissimi, odoris

virosissimi,” properties which we omitted to notice at the

time the drawing was made. The same author gives it as

an inhabitant of Guinea :—the Hortus Kewensis of South

America, whence it was introduced into our stoves by Dr.

Foruercu, in 1774. The plant here described, flowered

in the Glasgow Botanic Garden in June, 1827, and was

raised from seeds sent by Mr. Locxnarr from Trinidad.

The flowers are, perhaps, among the largest of the Genus;

but they are less conspicuous than many others, on account

of their almost uniform pale green colour.

———

——

Fig. 1. Stamens, 2. Pollen. 3. Section of a Germen: magnified.

Wa May

4 y MU? ol

fir [8

thes,

Yy yp tags "

Myf

Li ZL

Lub by SCurtis Glaxen wood: E. sree Map 11832

svat

( 3138 )

LOBELIA ROBUSTA. ‘'THICK-STEMMED

Lose.ia.

_ Class and Order. ;

Pentanpria Monoeynia.

; ees

( Nat. Ord.—Campanvuracez. )

Generic Character.

Corolla tubo hinc fisso (raro integro) ; limbo 5-partito.

Anthere connate. Stigma bilobum (nune indivisum).

Capsula hilocularis (raro 3-loc.), apice supero bivalvi—

Herbe vel Suffrutices, plereque lactescentes. Folia alterna,

integra vel laciniata, raro fistulosa. Flores racemosi, ter-

minales vel axillares, solitarii, pedicellis bibracteatis vel

nudis. Anthere sepius barbate. Br. 4 “2

Specific Character and Synonym.

Lozexia robusta ; caule suffruticoso, foliis obovato-lanceo-—

latis acuminatis grosse dentatis glabris nitidis, racemis —

terminalibus simplicibus. = fa

gare robusta. Graham, in Edin. Phil. Journ. Dec.

i. Lets

Descr. Root perennial. Stem very stout, erect, almost —

woody, branched, green and glabrous, irregularly winged ey

with the persistent, decurrent, occasionally wavy bases of |

the leaves. Leaves numerous, scattered, crowded towards :

the apex, falling off below, obovato-lanceolate, acummate,

attenuated at the base, and decurrent for a little way along —

the stem, glabrous, pale green and shining, waved, coarsely _

and sharply toothed, veined, middle rib and veins promi-

nent behind, and, especially when young, lilac-coloured. —

Raceme terminal, g1 dually elongating, supported on a

naked, slightly villous stalk. Flowers large, very numer-_

a ny

cere. ee a6»

ous, secund, crowded. Pedicels (one inch long) compress- ,

ed, finely villous, each with one bractea at the base, and

two nearly opposite below the middle. Bractee linear,

acute, villous, entire or sparingly toothed, the lowest nearly

as long as the peduncle and decurrent, the others shorter.

Calyx five-parted, green, villous, persistent, segments del-

toideo-linear, acuminate, serrated, at length reflected at the

apex. Corolla deep and dull purple, before the separation

of the segments falcate, segments linear, acute, the two

upper becoming reflected laterally, the others scarcely al-

tering their form. Filaments pink, straight, flattened, cili-

ated, ciliz colourless. Anthers lead-coloured, cernuous,

the two upper ciliated for half their length. Stigma bilob-

ular, pubescent, scarcely ciliated, pink. Style (one inch

long) filiform, glabrous, slightly coloured. Germen infe-

rior ; ovules numerous.

_ A native of Hayti. A plant was received at the Botanic

Garden, from our excellent friend Dr. Fiscuer of St. Peters-

burgh, in 1830. It flowered in August, 1831. Graham.

. Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Summit of the Style and Stigma: slightly magnified.

Bert Gatlding del*

Pub & S. Curtis Glasenwood Essese Marl Bit

( 3139 )

Piper NicrumM. Brack, or Common

Pepper. ‘5

ae ee ee eee

Class daa Order.

Dianpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.— Pireraces. )

Generic Character.

_ Spadix floribus undique tectus. Flores hermaphroditi,

singulus squama suffultus. Stamina numero indeterminata.

Anthere biloculares. Ovarium uniloculare, ovulo solitario,

erecto. Stigma tri- aut multifidum. Bacca—Frutices, ;

rarius arbores, aromatice, ramis articulatis, nodosis. F olia <

alterna, integra, integerrima, sepe nervosa. Spadices bast —

Spatha instructi, oppositifolii, rarissime terminales, cylin- —

dracei, nonnunquam subglobosi. Kunth. ©

Specific Character and Synonyms.

* IPER nigrum ; monoicum vel polygamum, foliis lato-ova-

tis acuminatis 5—7-nerviis subcoriaceis nitidis, geni- —

culis nodosis. “ ers

Pirer nigrum. Linn. Sp. Pl. p.40. Vahl, Enum.v.1.p. —

328. Willd. Sp. Pl. p. 159: Roxb. Fl. Ind.v. 1. p. —

153. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 1. p. 69. Roem. et —

“Schult. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 307. Spreng. Syst. Veget.

v. 1. p. 112. Dict. des Sc. Nat. cum Ic. |

Pirer aromaticum. Poir. Enc. Meth. »v. 5. p. 458.

MOLAGO-copi. Rheed. Mal. v.7. p. 23. t. 12.

| Descr. Stem trailing or climbing, shrubby, flexuose, :

and dichotomously branched, jointed, swelling at the joints, —

and often throwing out radicles from the joimts, which — :

adhere to bodies like those of ivy, or become roots striking e

mMto the ground. Leaves from four to six ue iong, —

: - ey ’ a U

alternate, distichous, broadly ovate, acuminated, ofa full

ereen and glossy colour, paler beneath, five to seven-nerved,

the nerves connected by lesser transverse ones or veins, and

prominent beneath. Petioles rounded, from half an inch to-

nearly an inch long. Catkins opposite the leaves, stalked,

from three to six inches long, slender, drooping, apparently

some are male, others female, while sometimes the flowers

are furnished both with stamens and pistil ; these catkins

are mostly confined to the upper part of the branches; ob-

serving, Mr. Guinpine remarks, no season ; for at the same

time and on the same plant, flowers and fruit may be seen

in every stage of progress. The number of stamens is three

to a flower. The pistil is crowned with three recurved

stigmas. As the fruit, which is so well known as a condi

ment, ripens, it is at first green, then red, afterwards black.

This plant, like the Pirer Betle, figured in our last nut

ber, has, I believe, never blossomed in our stoves, and We

are, consequently, thankful to Mr. Guizpine for enabling

us to give a representation of a flowering specimen of this”

very valuable spice. It is a native of the hotter parts of

India, where it is most extensively cultivated, and where it

constitutes a highly important article of commerce. It was

known to the Greeks in the time of Turopnrastus ant

Dioscoripes, who, as well as the Romans, distinguished |

between the white and the black pepper. And whilst the

use of the Betel Pepper is confined almost wholly to the

Eastern nations, the common Pepper is an article in ger

eral use throughout every part of the civilized world. SUH,

it is in Asia, where the stomach is weakened by excess!

“eee produced by the heat of the climate, by

umid atmosphere, and a too general addiction to veg

able diet, that it is employed asa powerful stimulant.

im a medical point of view, it has been found to be

excellent tonic, calculated to create appetite and to promote

digestion. ~

___ Pepper of the shops, as is well known, is the fruit of this

- plant: and it is called black Pepper, while it is in @ stale

of nature, covered by its external coat. White Pepper

the fruit of the same species deprived of its external co#

which is accomplished, by macerating the fruit or grains

water, when the coat swells and bursts. It is afterwal

dried in the sun, and by friction and winnowing cleared ®

the coat. It is then of a paler colour, but as the husk

bark contains a powerful principle, it is evident that ™®

white Pepper loses much of its stimulati arte

inferior to the black. eS ee

In the cultivation of the Pepper, moist situations along

the banks of rivers are preferred, where Pepper-plantations

or gardens, as they are termed, are formed. In Sumatra,

where, according to Marspen, the most important and most

abundant article of commerce is Pepper, the ground is

marked out in the form of a regular square or oblong, with

intersections throughout, at the distance of six feet, (being

equal to five cubits of the measure of the country,) the

intended interval between the plants, of which there are

commonly either one thousand or five hundred in each

garden: the former number being required from those who

are heads of families, (their wives and children assisting

them in the work,) and the latter from single men. Indus-

trious or opulent persons, have sometimes gardens of two,

or three thousand vines. A border, twelve feet in width,

within which limit no tree is suffered to grow, surrounds

each garden, and is commonly separated from others by a

row of shrubs, or an irregular hedge. When the nature of

the country admits of it, the whole or greater part of the

gardens of a dusun or village lie adjacent to each other,

both for the convenience of mutual assistance in labour,

and mutual protection from wild beasts; single gardens

being often abandoned from apprehension of their ravages,

and where the owner has been killed in such a situation, —

none will venture to replace him. After lining out the

Sround, and marking the intersections by slight stakes,

the next business is to plant the trees that are to become

Props to the Pepper, as the Romans planted Elms, and the

Modern Italians more commonly set Poplars and Mul-

berries, for their Grape Vines. These are cuttings of the

hinkariang (Eryrarina Corallodendron), usually called

Chinkareens, put into the ground about a span deep, suffi-

ciently early to allow time for a shoot to be strong enough

to support the young Pepper plant, when it comes to twine

about it. The cuttings are commonly two feet in length,

ut sometimes a preference is given to the length of six

feet, and the Vine is then planted as soon as the Chinkareen

has taken root ; but the principal objections to this method

are, that in such a state they are very liable to fail and

require renewal, to the prejudice of the garden, and that

their shoots are not so vigorous as those of the short cut-

lings, frequently growing crooked, or ina lateral, instead of

a perpendicular direction. The circumstances which render —

the Chinkareen peculiarly proper for this use are, 1ts readi- :

hess and quickness of growth, even after the cuttings have

been kept for some time in bundles*, if put into the grou

with the first rains; and the little thorns with which

armed, enabling the Vine to take a firmer hold. They are’

distinguished into two sorts, the white and red, not from

the colour of the flowers (as might be supposed) for both

are red, but from the tender shoots of the one being whitish, —

and of the other a reddish hue. The bark of the former is”

of a pale ash colour, of the latter, brown: the former is _

sweet, and the food of elephants, for which reason, it 8

not much used in parts frequented by those animals; the

latter is bitter and unpalatable to them: but they are not

deterred by the short prickles which are common to the

branches of both sorts.

In Penang, the labour of the gardens is undertaken by

the Chinese, who contract for forming the plantations and |

keeping them in order for three years, when they come

into bearing, and two hundred and twenty-five dollars for

each hundred plants is paid by the proprietor. They ate

reckoned to be in full bearing at the end of five or six”

ys , and they continue so till they are fourteen years old.

he labour of cleansing the vines, throwing up earth about

their roots, and collecting the produce of a plantation 0

forty-six thousand plants, has been performed by sixteel

Chinese workmen.

** As soon as any of the berries,” says Mr. MarspBy |

“or corns, redden, the bunch is reckoned fit for gatherig

the remainder being then generally full grown, although

green: nor would it answer to wait for the whole to change

colour, as the most mature would drop off. It is collecte¢

in small baskets slung over the shoulder, and with the

assistance of the women and children, conveyed to a smoot

level spot of clean hard ground, near the garden or villagé

where it is spread, sometimes upon mats, to dry in the sua

but exposed at thé same time to the vicissitudes

weather, which are not much regarded, nor thought to

injure it. In this situation it becomes black and shriveled,

as we see it in Europe, and as it dries, is hand-rubbed 0c®

sionally to separate the grains of the stalk. It is then W™

nowed in large, round, shallow sieves, called Nyir4, and

put in large vessels, (Kulit kaya,) under their houses, U2"

the whole of the crop is gathered, or a sufficient quantiy

* es

It is a common and useful practice to steep-these bundles in water,

ae reject such of them as do not, in that state, show signs of veg?

for carrying (usually by water,) to the European factory or

gadong, at the mouth of the river. That which has been

gathered at the properest stage of maturity will shrivel the

least ; but, if plucked too soon, it will, in a short time, by

removal from place to place, become mere dust. Of this

defect, trial may be made by the hand; but as light Pepper

may be mixed with the sound, it becomes necessary that

the whole should be garbled at the scale by machines

constructed for the purpose. Pepper that has fallen to the

ground overripe and been picked up from thence, will be

known by being stripped of its outer coat, and in that state

is an inferior kind of white Pepper.”

Two crops of Pepper are generally produced in one

eal at Penang, the first gathering commences in Decem-

er; at which time, the vines put out new flowers, whose

fruit is matured in April and May, when the second harvest

begins and lasts till July. In Sumatra, the greater crop

(pupul agung) takes place between the months of October

and March, and the lesser, or half-crop (buah sello) be-

tween April and September. : |

In the small island of Penang, in the year 1802, the

quantity of Pepper produced was estimated at between

eighteen and twenty thousand picols ; which, at twelve

dollars the picol, amounted to 216,000 dollars. In Sumatra

previous to the year 1780, the price paid to the grower by

the Company was ten Spanish Dollars per bahar of five —

hundred weight, or five hundred and sixty pounds. From

the same country too, about one-third of the quantity of

black Pepper collected, but none of the white, is annually

Sent to China. The produce of Sumatra in this article is,

however, probably very small, compared to what 1s stated

by the Commandant Cunes in relation to the Pepper trade,

of the Malabar coast, in a Memoir addressed to his suc-

cessor Gaspar pE Jone, in the year 1756, “ no less than ten

full cargoes (amounting to between eight and nine millions

of pounds weight) might be annually exported. But the

half of this quantity is carried over the mountains to the

Coast of Coromandel, to the north, to the Deckan, and

further on to different parts of Hindostan. ‘This Pepper Is

‘e€steemed the best of all that is produced in Asia, and 1S

the most sought after by all nations” *.

—= Te

Fig. 1. Portion of a Male Spike. 2. Perfect Flower. 3. Fruit or — co

Pepper (nat. size). 4. The same cut open to show the situation Of SSS

as at the top of the Albumen. 5. Embryo included in its sack : aS Aa

ed, ta a

eerie

* See Stayoninus's Voyages, Y. 3. p- 220,

WI.H dett

Pub by 3. Curtio Clazenwoed Esse Mart lg?

PF eae,

(3140 )

LILIUM TENUIFOLIUM. SLENDER-LEAVED

_, Lity.

eH ebeen

Class and Ordet/

Hexanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Liiscea. )

Generic Character.

_ Cor. campanulata, 6-partita, regufanis, sulcis nectariferis

in laciniis. Caps. 6-sulca, valvis reticulo fibroso nexis.—

Semina compressa. Spreng.

Specific Character and ‘Synonyms.

Litt * tenuifolium; foliis sparsis angustissime linearibus,

caule unifloro, flore cernuo, petalis demum revolutis,

intus rima nectarifera pubescente.

Lim tenuifolium. Fischer MSS. « Schrad. Plant. Rar.

Hort. Gott. Fasc. 1.’ Schult. Syst. Veget. v. 7. p. 409. .

nee

Descr. Plant about a foot high. Stem erect, glabrous,

slender, clothed with numerous, exceedingly narrow, gla-

brous, almost filiform leaves, which are slightly twisted,

almost disappearing on the upper part of the stem. Flowers

solitary, terminal, drooping, of a fine vivid, deep orange-

red colour. Petals broadly lanceolate, patent, at length

revolute, striated, each having, at its bases and extending

half-way up, a linear cleft, densely bordered with short

hairs. © Filaments subulate, red. Anthers oblong, dark

green, the cells and pollen deep orange. Germen oblong,

thickened upwards, with three deep, and three lesser fur-

Tows, green. Style curved, green, thickened upwards, and

| crowned

* Pr om /i, white, in. Geltic, according to Tuéi1s, The common white —

garden Lily is considered the emblem of purity.

crowned with the three-lobed, velvety, bright green stigma,

which soon becomes covered with the bright orange-colour-

ed pollen. a

Drawn from a plant which flowered in the open border

in the Edinburgh Botanic Garden in the month of June, —

It is a native of Dahuria, and was named by our valued

friend Dr. Fiscuer, and by him introduced to our gardens. —

It is equally deserving of cultivation with the L. pumilum

and very nearly resembles it: so much so, that except in

the presence of the downy rima at the claw (which is indeed

a very distinct character,) I scarcely know how it is to be

distinguished. It is described in Scuutres’ Syst. Veget. as

having patent petals: and such is the case with the dried

specimens communicated to me by Dr. Fiscuer ; but it

appears that as the flower is more advanced in age, the

tals become revolute, as in L. pumilum, and as represented

im our figure.

Fig. 1. Petal. 2. Stamen. 3. Pistil: more or less magnified.

E. Cuslding det

Pub by S.¢

‘urtis

ny ,

OAC OON

Essex Mari

183.

Cama y

CERASUS SPHAEROCARPA. Novau Cuerry. ;

| Seb |

Class and Order.

IcosanpriA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Rosacez. )

Generic Character.

_ Drupa globosa aut basi umbilicata, carnosa, glaberrima,

polline czsio destituta, nucleo subgloboso levi—Folia

Junora conduplicata. Flores nunc pedicellis 1-floris e

gemina squamosa plurimis umbellato-fasciculatis insidentes,

el tune foliis precociores, nunc ramosi terminales et post

folia evoluti. D. C. "ae

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Cerasus * spherocarpa ; racemis axillaribus erectis folio

brevioribus, foliis perennantibus eglandulosis integer-— Z

rimis nitidis, fructibus subglobosis. sao

“sara spherocarpa. Loisel.—De Cand. Prodr. v.2.p. _

Prunus spherocarpa. Swartz, Fl. Ind. Occ. v. 2. p. 927.

(not Mich.). Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 2. p. 981. Spren

syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 478. Be eS gene

YRTIFOLIA ieee, ‘foliis latis subrotundis, flore albo. -

Sloane, Jam. v. 2. p. 79. t. 193. f. 1. rhe

Descr. This forms a Tree (according to Mr, Guitpine,

to whom I am indebted for the accompanying drawing with

remarks) from thirty to thirty-five feet in height, with

sreyish, smooth bark and somewhat erect branches. The

leaves are alternate, three to four inches long, ou short,

Stooved petioles, evergreen, coriaceous, shining, oval, or

©val-lanceolate, shortly acuminate at both extremities,

quite entire at the margins, penninerved, destitute of glands,

often twisted obliquely at the extremities. Racemes on — .

father short peduncles, erect, glabrous, many-flowered, the Q

—_—_—_—_—_—

it, ftom Cerasus, aT in Asi us is said to hay

» & Town of Pontus in Asia, whence LucuLUvs Is sald t0 bY

the cultivation of the Cherry into Italy, seventy-three years B. Cc.

flowers smaller than those of our European Bird Cherry,

fragrant (Swartz). Pedicels bracteated at the base i

bractee very small. Calyx-tube turbinate with five furrows, —

orange-coloured within; teeth of the limb small, patent.

Petals almost orbicular, waved, at length reflexed, with ©

scarcely any claw. Stamens twenty, spreading, inserted at

the margin of the tube. Germen ovate, gradually tapering

into a slender style. Stigma spreading. Drupe nearly |

spherical, about as large as that of the common Bird Cherry,

dark, almost blackish-purple: Nut of the same shape as

the fruit, wrinkled, with a broad scar.

I find by Lovpon’s Hortus Britannicus, that Crrasts

spherocarpa was introduced to our stoves in the year 1820.

No living plant, however, has come under my own obser

vation : nor should I have deemed it deserving of being

figured. in the Botanical Magazine, under these circum

stances, slight as are its pretensions on the score of beauty, ©

were it not a plant, of which no satisfactory figure exists ;

and which may at the same time be reckoned an ceconomr

cal one. In the preparation of Noyau, probably several

different vegetables are employed, which contain prussi¢

acid. A species of Bind-weed, the Convoxrvuxus dissectus, —

abounds in prussic acid, and to that degree, as Dr. NicHol

son of Antigua informs me, that “ if this medicine shall be

found deserving of the high character which some pbys*

SRNL Ped Pe Nn ips de EM Fee a nee ent, ORO RU UEC aN BN OEE SRE

_ cians have bestowed upon it, it may become valuable in @-

country, where the prussic acid cannot be preserved many

days in a pure state.” Hence this is a frequent ingredient :

in the preparation of Noyau. But we are natually led to

expect prussic acid in plants of the Plum tribe ; and Dr.

Swartz assures us, that the bark of the Prunus (Cerssvs)

Occidentalis of the West Indies, on account of its peculiar |

taste and smell, is used instead of that of the AMyepatus 4 § :

sica (Peach) ; and of the P. spherocarpa, he says, that the

kernel of its nut resembles in taste that of the Bitter Almont.

Mr. Guitpine observes, that the bark, leaves, and kernel have

the smell and taste of those of the Peach, and they are em

pire by French colonists in the manufactory of Noy@

“his kind of Cherry inhabits Jamaica, and St. Doming®

according to Swartz: and the Antilles generally, acco”,

ing to Mr. Guitpine. Our drawing was nade in the isian®

nt. If Spreneen be correct in referring “™

Prunus brasiliensis of Scuorr to this species, it would appe

of St. Vincent.

to be a native of Brazil also.

Fig. 1. 2. Flowers.

>, 3. Pistil, ; 5, Nuts |

_ the Drupe ; nat. size, itl, meanited... 4. Denys, snbb : es

PF Greville del*

Pub by

S. Cartis Clagzen wood Essea Mar] 185?

¢ 3142 )

ARTHROSTEMMA NITIDA. SHINING

ARTHROSTEMMA,

Class and Order.

Ocranpria Monogynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Metasromacea. )

Generic Character.

Cal. tubus turbinatus campanulatusve sape pilis setis

squamisve vestitus ; lobi 4 lanceolati persistentes ; appen-

dices inter lobos nulla? Pet. 4. Stam. 8, filamentis gla-

berrimis : anthere oblonge 1-porose connectivo longius-

culo basi obtuse biauriculato. Ovarium apice setosum. —

Capsula 4-locularis. Sem. cochleata.—Herbe aué suffru-

tices habitu subvarii, omnes Americani. D. C.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Arrurostemma * nitida; caule suffruticoso erecto ramulis-

que patulis tetragono alato pilis coloratis patulis hir-

sutissimo, foliis ovatis acutis serrulatis utrinque glabris

Superne nitidis nervis inferne glanduloso - hispidis,

peduncatis versus apices ramorum axillaribus petiolo

ongioribus trifloris, petalis obovatis retusis antheris

_dissimilibus, connectivo brevé biauriculato. G aham.

RTHROSTEMMA nitida. Graham, in Hd. N. Journ. of Se.

Dec. 1831, | ci Disisela

Descr. Root perennial. Stem erect, suffruticose, qua- —

fangular, with a narrow wing at each angle, red near the 2

ttom, green above, hispid, hairs red, harsh, glandular, —

tumid at the base, tufted, longer and coarser in the same —

Yerticel with the leaves. Branches spreading, ascending. —

———

: * From axpBpor a ars : . sella . the

ae » @ joint, and crtyye, a crown, perhaps in ¢ uae —

- “aca x of anthers, which are as it were jointed upon the filaments. —

Leaves (three inches long, two broad) decussated, ovate,

acuminate, five-ribbed, much veined and wrinkled, dark |

green and shining above, paler below, petioled, glabrous ex-

cepting on the lower surface of the nerves and veins, which

is glanduloso-hispid ; petioles short, suberect. Flowers

collected at the extremities of the shoots, where they arise

from the axils of diminished leaves, peduncled ; peduncles

in structure and form like minute branches, about twice as

long as the petioles, three-flowered, pedicels nearly awant-

ing. Bractee single on the outside of each of the lateral

pedicels, and two small, opposite, at the base of the calyx,

showing a tendency to a farther subdivision of the inflores-

cence, ovato-elliptical, glabrous, ciliated, nerved. Calyx

nearly cylindrical, glanduloso-hispid, indistinctly ribbed ;

limb tour-parted, segments spreading, deltoideo-acuminate,

ciliated, ciliz glandular. Corolla pale lilac, petals distant,

obovato-elliptical, retuse, faintly nerved. Stamens eight,

inserted alternately within and between the petals into the

mouth of the calyx ; filaments colourless, erect, glabrous,

flattened, slightly declined, about half the length of the

petal; anthers in the bud bent forward, compressed dor-—

sally, the larger passing between the calyx and ovarium,

and having their apices lodged in cavities on the outside

of this, when expanded compressed laterally, and wrink-

led in front, bent at an acute angle with the filaments,

arched, their apices ascending, perforated with a single

pore, connective with two short, blunt auricles at the base,

unequal, four large and brownish-yellow, four small yellow,

more erect. Stigma minute, divided transversely, pubes

cent. Style rather longer than the filaments, declined, a

cending at the apex. Germen free above, adhering below,

having a few hairs upon its apex, four-celled. Ovules

numerous.

This plant was raised at Mr. Neix1’s garden, Canonmills,

from seeds, sent to him in 1829, by Mr. Joun Tweevt,

formerly head-gardener at Eglinton’ Castle, Ayrshire, a0

now of the Retiro, Buenos Ayres. The packet was mark

in Mr. 'Tweepre’s handwriting, « Herbaceous Melastom®,

from damp woods of the Banda Oriental.” The plants

came up freely in the summer of 1830; but none showed

flower till July, 1831, when several blossomed equally well

in the cold frame and in the greenhouse. Graham.

For the beautiful drawing here figured, I am indebted te

Dr. GREVILLE.

it ,

eS Le é @

fib by 8. lurlis CGlazenwood Essex MarllB22

a ae ¢

( 3143 )

Doronicum Caucasicum. Caucasian

Leoparp’s Bane.

Soko ook skskeskeabakabeoleskabateok

Class and Order.

SyNGENESIA SUPERFLUA.

( Nat. Ord.—Composirz. )

Generic Character.

Receptaculum nudum. Pappus simplex. Involucri squa-

me duplicis ordinis, equales, disco longiores. Semina

radii pappo destituta.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Doronicum * Caucasicum ; foliis cordatis dentatis radica-

libus petiolatis, caule simplicissimo monophyllo uni-

floro. M. Bieb. '

Doronicum Caucasicum. M. Bieb. Fl. Taur. Cauc. v. 2.

p. 321.

‘eee

Descr. The root constitutes an oblong, creepi tuber,

or rhizoma, throwing out fibres from beneath, an leaves

and stems above. The latter are, even in the cultivated

specimen, scarcely a foot high, slender, and as well as the

rest of the plant, almost entirely glabrous. A few mem-

branous scales surround the base of the stem, on a cluster of

root-leaves where no stem appears. Leaves an inch and a

alf long, cordate, obtuse, repando-dentate, having a deep

Sus at the base: those arising from the root or near the

Toot, are upon long petioles, and if inserted a little above

the base of the stem, the petiole is auricled on each side at

the base. One leaf near the middle of the stem is entirely

get sessile.

— bez, ws ins — ———

ne histidine wystis

‘ * From dupor, a gift, and uxn, victory, because it was said to be employed

ormerly to destroy wild beasts, ahs ® kcal

sessile. Flower terminal, solitary, almost exactly resem-—

bling that of D. pardalianches. i

D. Caucasicum is a native of the Caucasian Alps, accord- —

ing to M. Bresersrer, and has been introduced to our |

gardens by Dr. Fiscuer of St. Petersburgh. It succeeds —

with us in the open air, and flowers in April. We have

hitherto kept it in pots, where it increases readily by its

roots.

ae 1. Floret from the Circumference. 2. Floret from the Centre: mag-

nified.

BLtF-

Seren Se: o

V. Claxenwved! Finer, edorel LHB2

Lub ty S. Carte

( 3144 )

Hisiscus Genevi. Larce Purpeie-cyep

Hieiscus. i

ERE EKER EEE EE REE REE

Class and Order.

MonapeELPHiA PoLyANpRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Matvacea. )

Generic Character.

Calyx cinctus involucello sepius polyphyllo, rarius folio-

lis paucis aut inter se coalitis. Petala hinc non auriculata.

Stigmata 5. Carpella in capsulam 5-locularem coalita,

valvis intus medio septiferis, loculis polyspermis aut rarius

l-spermis, D. C. |

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Hisiscus Genevii; arborescens, inermis, foliis subrotundo-

ovatis basi integris versus apicem grosse serratis 5-

nerviis glabris, calyce 5-fido, involucellis 8-phyllis,

(floribus speciosis albis fundo purpureis), petalis cune-

id glabris patentibus, seminibus appresso -pilosis.

qjer. eee ge ee

Sisisctis Genevii. Bojer, in Mém. sur une nouv.esp. d’ Hi-

biscus, lu ala Soc. d’ Hist. Nat.de Maurice,

Descr. Stem fourteen to fifteen feet high, clothed

a smooth, grey bark. Branches lax, erecto-patent,

ed, the younger ones tinged with red, or dotted with ;

Leaves alternate, petioled, roundish, or approaching to

petiole, the lateral ones less distinct. Petioles rounded,

scarcely longer than the leaf, thickened upwards, sometimes

coloured, at the base having a pair of setaceous, deciduous

stipules. Peduncles axillary, solitary, single - flowered,

VOL. VI. E

jointed in the middle, glabrous. Calyx ample, campanu-

ate, with five, long teeth. Leaflets of the involucellum

linear, reflexed, longer than the tube of the calyx, per-

sistent. Corolla spreading, five inches in diameter. Petals

entire, sometimes slightly waved, obovato-cuneate, radiant

but in a contorted direction, in the bud spirally convolute,

white or pale rose-color, deep purple at the base, quite

glabrous. Style declined, a little longer than the petals,

green ; purple below, five-cleft at the top. Stigmas five,

capitate, purple, hairy. Anthers yellow, on short, distinct

filaments. Fruit a clavate, five-celled capsule, with five

many-seeded cells bursting longitudinally, and surrounded

by the persistent calyx. Seeds subtrigonal, convex on the

back, clothed with densely-appressed hairs. Baer.

This superb Himiscus, Professor Boser had long known

as an inhabitant only of the gardens of cultivators : but

lately, he says, “ having made an excursion to the Riviere

noire, and stopped at the house of M. Grnéve, a zealous

cultivator, with whom I remained some days, occupied ™

examining the curious plants in his garden, when my atten-

tion was struck by the languid appearance of this Hisiscvs,

which M. Genéve assured me that he had been in the habit

of seeing in the forests of the Riviére noire, and of trans

porting to his garden for a period of twenty years ; but

that he could never cultivate it with success. The nest

day he conducted me to the mountains, where I found many

trees of the Hiziscus, of considerable size, and cover

with flowers : and where I made on the spot my drawing

and description.’’ Professor Bosrr has distinguished it by

the name of his intelligent host, to whom we are indebted

for the discovery of its phace of growth.

If this shrub be not already in our collections, as I sus-

pect it is, through the influence of Mr. Trxrair and the

late Mr. Barcray, cultivators should hasten to procure what

would prove so great an ornament to the stove. :

M. Boger refers it to the “ Cremontia’”’ tribe, notwith-

standing that the corolla is uot “ convoluto-cylindracea,

where it ranks with H. lilijforus, Boryanus, and fragilis, al!

natives of the Mauritius as well as of Bourbon.

Fig. 1. Fruit, 2, Seed: nat. size.

: t

Sao" |

Pub.b

wy S.C;

urlis Gi

Gla:

zenwood Es

SOX A

dprill 1832

( 3145) ‘ ile

PoLYGONUM ADPRESSUM. BERRY-BEARING PoLy-—

conum, or Macquarre-Harzour Grape.

Class and Order. vis

OcTANDRIA TRIGYNIA,

( Nat. Ord.—Potyeonez. ) | .

Generic Character.

Perianthium monophyllum, divisum, e#stivatione imbri-—

cata. Stamina definita, imo perianthio inserta. Antherarum

_ loculi longitudinaliter dehiscentes. Ovarium liberum, mo-

ospermum, ovulo erecto. Styli vel Stigmata plura. Nux

nuda, vel perianthio tecta. Albumen farinaceum, raro sub-

nullum. Br. Ee

(Div. Hexxine, Foliis cordatis, Stylis 3-partitis, Nuci-

bus angulatis, Staminibus 8, Floribus sepe polygamis.) Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Potyconum* adpressum ; glabrum, caule volubili v. pros-.

trato suffruticoso ramisque teretibus, foliis cordatis:

subacuminatis crenulatis margine scabris, racemis ax-

illaribus terminalibusque, bracteis ochreisque nudis,

‘perianthiis subbarbatis, floribus polygamis. on

Potyconum adpressum. Labill. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 99. t.127.

Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov, Holl. p.420. Spreng. Syst. Veget

0.2. p. 254. | 78 geen

Descr. « Plant procumbent, with a somewhat striated and

rounded, flexuose stem. Leaves acuminate, cordate, some

of them suborbiculate ; the petioles glandulose beneath at

the base, the stipules opposite to these, ovato-lanceolate,

half-sheathing, glabrous, membranaceous, pale red. Flowers”

polygamous : the male mixed with hermaphrodite ones, in

ae axillary racemes shorter than the leaves. Calyx, in

. hermaphrodite flowers, quinquepartite, persistent, the

Segments ovate, obtuse, concave. Corolla none. Fila-

ments of the stamens eight, inserted at the bottom we oe

thi ca c f

.. From sorug, many; and you, a knee or joind ; in allusion to the icneeeer

. ine in the stem.

calyx, by the pressure of the germen compressed, as are the —

ovate, nearly sterile, imperfectly- formed, and minute an- —

thers. Germen superior, ovate, retuse. Styles three, sub-

fofiaceous, dilated, crenulated, reflexed, appressed to the

germen: Stigmas simple, acute. Seed solitary, crowned

with the appressed styles, and covered by the persistent,

turbinate, obsoletely triquetrous calyx, which is marked

with six striz. Embryo unilateral, cylindrical, white, albu-

men farinaceous, very, white. Calyx in the male flowers, as

in the hermaphrodite : but the filaments of the stamens are

cylindrical : anthers oblong, versatile.” Labzll.

Native plants, bearing esculent fruits, are so rare in

Australia, that the figure of one, scarcely known even in our

Herbaria, and not yet cultivated among us, may not be

unacceptable in the pages of the Botanical Magazine. Dr.

Wiutson has lately been kind enough to present us with

some beautiful drawings, made by Dr. J. Scorr in Van

Diemen’s Land ; and amongst them is this, called by the

colonists, the ‘ Macquarie-Harbour Grape :” but which,

though its fruit at first sight bears no distant resemblance

to that precious plant, and is borne on stems which rail

ble like a vine, and extend during a single season even

to the length of sixty feet, belongs to a widely different

family, namely, to our Bistorts and Buck-Wheats. The

fruit, or seed as it is commonly called, is known to be

wholesome in the whole Genus, and is, in fact, a small,

hard nut : but in this remarkable species, it is invested with

the enlarged and fleshy segments of the calyx ; thus giving

each fruit the appearance of a berry. Again, we know

that in this tribe, an acid and astringent principle is found,

which exists in the fruit ; and thus, as Dr. Scorr observe,

it is used in tarts.

From the figure of Lasitarprers (whose description !

have been under the necessity of copying in the absence

of good specimens) our plant will be found to differ im

no small degree: but Mr. Brown observes, that it is 4

very polymorphous species, closely allied and certainly @

congener with Cocconona Australis, Forster. Dr. MetsNee

indeed refers our species to Coccoroza, on account of its

fleshy covering : but its habit is entirely that of a Poty-

conum. Dr. Scorr says, that in Van Diemen’s Land, the

plant is peculiar to Macquarie’s Harbour, and that it ripevs

its fruit in December and January. Mr. Brown gives it

an inhabitant also of Port Jack d hores

of New Holland, son and the Southern s

Fig. 1. Fruit bursting : naé, size.

Swan Se

Pub by

S Curtig

Glaxenwood Essex Apri.

(11852.

( 3146)

~MAxI“iaria TETRAGONA. Four-corNERED

| MAXILLARIA. |

Class and Order.

GyNnANpRIA Monoeynia.

(Nat. Ord.—Orcuwex. Div—Vanvea. Lindl. )

Generic Character

Perianthium patens, resupinatum. Labellum cum pro-

cess unguiformi columne articulatum trilobum. Foliola

lateralia exteriora basibus cum processu columne connata.

P ollinia 4, basibus connata, glandulosa, (vel 2, pedicellata,

pedicello basi glutinoso).—Herbex parasitice, bulbose,

Americe meridionalis. Racemi (vel scapi uniflori) radicales.

andl.

Specific Character and Synonym. — _

‘B Maxmarra * tetragona ; pseudo-bulbis ovatis tetragonis,

| foliis oblongo-lanceolatis plicatis solitariis, floribus

radicalibus (vel racemosis), sepalis oblongis obtusis

patulis, petalis conformibus paulo minoribus, labello.

___ €arnoso ventricoso trilobo erecto, lobis lateralibus par-

Vis acutis intermedio ovato extus convexo, disci appen- —

if dice carnoso tabulari incumbente. Landl.

_ Maxnrarr tetragona. Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. V

‘=e

* For the derivation, see tab. 2927.

cording to Mr. Linney, fresh violets, and each borne upon

a long, cylindrical or subclavate, slightly twisted germen.

The outer segments of the flower, or sepals, are broadly

ovate, acute, reflexed, the two lower decurrent, and meet-

ing below so as to form a distinct spur : the two inner ones

‘smaller, but similar in shape: all of them of a brownish-

green colour, tinged and streaked with purple. Lap, in our

specimen, nearly white, with purple blotches, oblong, ven-

tricose, fleshy, three-lobed, the two lateral lobes involute,

acute : the middle one cordate, acute, “ within, the labellum

is highly curious, having a large, fleshy, deep purple body

which gradually passes into the labellum at the lower mar-

gin ; but anteriorly, it projects into a distinct lobe, resem-

bling a shovel, glued to the face of the labellum’’ (Liypt.);

a peculiarity which our drawing does not represent. Column

and anther-case yellow-green.

: This beautiful plant is a native of forests in Brazil, whence

it was imported by Jonn Murrorp, Esq. of Exeter, in 1827,

and presented to the Royal Gardens of Kew, where it flow-

ered in great perfection in July, 1829. It is unquestion-

ably the same species with that above quoted in the Bota-

nical Register, but the scape bears three or four flowers,

and the labellum is nearly white, which in Mr. Linpuey’s

plant is yellow green. :

1am indebted to Mr. Arron for the use of the drawing

which is here engraved. |

Fig. 1. Lip. 2. Col i :

the P Alas tain umn, with the Anther-case, thrown back and exposilg

Cs.) La dee

( 3147 )

LIsSANTHE SAPIDA. Escutent LIssaNrTue.

KKK KEK KEE EE EKER EREEE

Class and Order.

Pentranpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Epacripea. )

Generic Character.

Cal. bibracteatus vel ebracteatus. Cor. infundibuli-

formis, limbo imberbi. Ovariwm 5-loculare. Drupa bac-

cata, putamine osseo solido.— Fruticuli erecti. Folia

Sparsa, subtus lineata. Flores inter minores, albi. Discus

hypogynus eyathiformis, 5-lobus. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Lissantue * sapida ; racemis 2—3-floris recurvis, foliis ob-

longo-linearibus mucronatis margine revolutis, subtus

dealbatis striatis. Br. : oe

LissanruE sapida, Br. Prodr. v. 1. p. 540. Lindl. in Bot.

Reg. t. 1275. a? :

Pe ee a

[eee Lge ssi

Descr. A shrub, with rounded, subpubescent, brownish

Yranches. Leaves scattered, an inch and a half to two

inches long, linear-lanceolate, coriaceous, rigid, entire,

‘cumiate and cuspidate at the point, the base sudden

Pering into a very short petiole, upon which it 18, a

Were, jointed, and often bent at an angle from it, the w

Surface obscurely, the under surface, which is almost white,

istinetly striated. Racemes axillary and terminal, of from

three to five flowers : the pedicels and peduncle bracteated,

the bracteee often four ina whorl: Calyx of five imbricated

aves, which are ovato-rotundate, coriaceo-membranaceous,

a margined

ee - i 2

= itis 2 je face

* | -

of Awweus, smooth, and arbos, a flower ; from the smooth or polished oe

the flower, a

margined with red. Corolla of one campanulato-cylindra-

ceous petal, greenish-white, polished, swollen at the base,

the limb cut into five acuminated, spreading segments:

within the tube and near the middle is a circle of hairs,

Filaments five, completely adnate with the corolla. Anthers

alternate with the segments, at the mouth of the tube,

oblong, dark-purple, one-celled, bursting longitudinally.

Germen ovate, five-celled, nearly half-immersed in a cya-

thiform disk, irregularly and obscurely lobed at the margin.

Style as long as the tube of the corolla, swollen above the

base, and hairy. Stigma obscurely five-lobed. Berry a

globose drupe, as large as a black currant, red, tipped with

the persistent style. The nut five-lobed, five-celled.

Introduced into the country from New South Wales by

Mr. Avian Cunnincuam, who sent seeds of it to the Royal

Gardens of Kew in 1823. These produced flowering

ont in October 1825, and, in May 1827, the same plants

re the bright-coloured fruits which are said in the

“ Library of Entertaining Knowledge” to have “ some-

thing of the consistency and taste of the Siberian Crab.”

I am indebted to W. T. Arron, Esq. for the drawings

and specimens of this plant, from which our figure and

description were made.

ccnemmnennesssiea

wugeited Calyx. 2. Corolla laid open. 3. Pistil and eyathiform Disk:

Pub ly §. Curtie Glaxenwood: Essex. Spr eld IS.

TH ded*

( 3148 )

THEA viripis. GREEN TEA.

Class and Order.

PotyanpriA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—CameE.u1E2. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5—6-sepalus. Pet. 6~9 ima basi subcoherentia

2—3-serialia. Stam. basi sublibera. Anthere subrotunde.

Capsula 3-cocca, septis valvaribus nempe a valyularum

marginibus introflexis formatis. De Cand.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

TuEa* viridis: foliis elliptico-lanceolatis coriaceo-membra-

haceis convexis undulatis, floribus solitariis nutantibus.

Tura viridis, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 7135. Willd. Sp. Pl. p. 1180.

Sm. in Rees’ Cycl. Loddiges Bot. Cab. t. 227. “ Letts.

Monogr. t. 1.” Woodv. Med. Bot. Suppl. p. 116. t. 256.

Booth, in Trans. of Hort. Soe. of Lond. v. 7. p. 558.

Boura laxa. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed.2.v.3.p.303.

Tue Chinensis, 2. Sims in Bot. Mag. p. 998. (which see

for the Synonyms of the var. 8 in other authors.)

De Cand. Prodr. v. 1. p. 530. Spreng. Syst. Vegel. v.

2. p. 603. ee

Descr. A shrub, rising to the height of eight or ten

in the conservatory of the Botanic Garden of Glasgow,

ich branched, the branches spreading, rounded, brown,

“young shoots green. Leaves rather distant, alternate,

ph short petioles, elliptical-lanceolate, three to five inch

ng, Coriaceo-membranaceous, waved and wrinkled, con-

a bl € margins being recurved, serrated, ofa full (but not

, ack-) green above, paler beneath, where the midrib

. veins are prominent. Flowers solitary, axillary, fra-

by seldom more than one, and that from near the top of :

flo shoot, upon a short peduncle, drooping, so that the .

Wer is searcely to be seen but by looking at the we |

* From the Chinese name of the plant, Teha.

side of the branches. Calyx of five rounded, spreading,

green leaves. Corolla of usually six, between oval and

rounded, white, spreading petals, in two or three series, of —

which the outer are the smallest and greenish, the inner —

gradually larger, and of a clearer white, slightly wavy. —

Stamens very numerous, fixed to the base of the petals, so

that in fact there are several bundles, though, from their

proximity, they seem to form one mass. Filaments slender. —

Anthers rotundato-reniform, opening at the sides, yellow.

Germen ovate, downy, surrounded by a fleshy ring at the —

base, slightly downy, three-celled, each cell containing

two ovules. Styles three, combined below, free above:

Stigmas obtuse.

Of the Tea-plant, two kinds are commonly cultivated in

our greenhouses, the one under the name of Tuxa viridis,

or Green Tea, the other of Tura Bohea, or Black Tea: and

which appellations have been given them, partly, as it would

appear, on account of the relative colours of the foliage, and

partly under an impression, that the former produced the

Green Tea of the shops, and the latter the Black Tea. But

this idea seems to be founded on no good authority, as We

shall presently show ; and even with regard to T. viridis

and I’. Bohea, Botanists are by no means agreed as to theit

specific identity : indeed, a general opinion now prevails

that they are mere varieties ; an opinion, however, in which —

I do not coincide. T. viridis is a large, strong-growing, |

almost hardy, plant, with its branches spreading, its leaves

three to five inches long, very broadly lanceolate, pale

green, singularly waved, the margin reflexed ; the flowels

ee large, solitary, mostly confined to the upper axil : they

appear in the autumn, six weeks or two months earlier thal

those of T. Bohea : whilst the latter is of smaller size; |

remarkably er ect, stiff branches, leaves not above h f or

two-thirds the size of the former, perfectly flat, more coré

qeons: of a dark green, bearing in the axils of numerous

eaves two or three flowers, which are smaller, and have@

slight fragrance, and are in perfection during winter.

will not endure our frosts. Both kinds are indeed so frequent

m our collections, that every one has the opportunity @

‘ramining them, and exercising his own judgment as 10

ne Keguagany of their characters. The difficulty is much

pe a in determining which of these species is the of

then a in China ; whether both may not be employed

o production of the different kinds of Tea; or whe

ey May not be indiscriminatel d :—for the Chine?

are exceed ee ely used: or the

Ingty jealous over the processes employed 19"

pre

ee eee ee ae a er Salih ta

preparation of Teas, and the Tea-country being at a great

distance from the European Factory, it is very doubtful if

any scientific person has, from personal observation, been

able to decide the question. An assertion is, indeed, (and,

perhaps, rather too hastily,) made, in the “ General System

of Gardening and Botany,” namely, “ that all the different

kinds of Teas brought to this country from China are the

produce of Tua viridis :” and, again, under Tura Bohea,

“this is falsely called Bohea Tea, as we find the Bohea

Teas of the shops as well as other kinds, both green and

black, to be the leaves of the former species” (T. viridis).

Dr. Azet * satisfactorily notices the two kinds of Tea-plant

under consideration, and he adds, “ from persons conversant

with the Chinese method, I learnt, that either of the two

Plants will afford the black or green Tea of the shops; but

that the broad, thin-leaved plant (our T. viridis,) is pre-

ferred for making the green Tea.” This statement is cor-

roborated by a communication from my valued friend

Cuartes Mitxerr, Esq. of Canton, who holds a high official

situation in the Company’s Factory there, and to whom I

Wrote to request information on the subject. ‘“ The Tea-

plant,” he says, in a letter, dated Canton, 12th December,

1827, « is almost as scarce in this neighbourhood as it is in

England. The Tea-country is at a great distance from

hence, and the Teas brought to Canton are several months

on their route by inland navigation. Of the plants there

are two kinds ; of which, one has a leaf of a much darker

green than the other. This difference may partly arise

from cultivation : but it is to the various modes of prepara-

lion, that the green and the black Tas (as they are called in

England) of the shops are due. In proof of this, we sent

ome last year green Tea from the black Tea-plant. You

may, therefore, conclude that, though there are two plants,

ering as much in appearance and growth as any two

Varieties of the Cametxia Japonica, each, by proper manage-

ment; will produce black or green Tea indifferently. The

Varieties of Teas, from the several provinces, arise from

soil, culture, mode of preparation, and, above all, from the

Part of the shrub whence the leaves are pulled. From the

Same individual plant, indeed, there are three crops or gath-

“rings annually ; the first affords the finer Teas, of which

young shoots. The extreme shoots, with the opening leaf-

Uds, constitute the Peko. This is in England commonly

: supposed

_™* Narrative of a J ourney to the Interior of China, p. 221. ce cad

supposed to be the flowers : but an examination after infu

sion will clearly show its origin. The first picking takes

place m June, the second in July, and the third in August.” —

I may add, that Kemprer’s figure of the Japanese Tea- —

plant, which is evidently the plant in general cultivation in —

that empire, is the T. Bohea, not the T. viridis. :

The native country of both the species is, probably, vari- _

ous parts of China, and the cultivation seems to be confined

to the temperate zone, extending to the northern provinces

of the empire, and as far as the 45° of lat. in Japan. But

the Tea-districts, properly so called, are thus stated by Dr. _

Asex: that of the green Tea is in the province of Keang-nan,

between the 29° and 41° of N. lat., at the North-westem

base of a ridge of mountains, which divides the province of

Che-keang and Keang-nan :—the Black-tea district, in the

province of Fokien, is contained within the 27th and 28th

degrees of N. lat., and is situated on the South-eastern —

declivities of a ridge of mountains dividing the province of

Fokien from that of Keang-si. eo

_ The different kinds of Tea of commerce, as known to us

in Europe, are not very great ; but M. A. Baron pe Scuil-

xine has given the names of thirty-six sorts, copied from

a Chinese MS in his possession. These are divided into —

seven heads. 1. Teas of the district of the city of Sou

ugan-tcheon in the province of Kiang-nan, eight sorts. 2 —

Green Teas, Soung-lo of the district of the city of Hoey-

tcheon, in the province of Kiang-nan Soung-lo, eleven sors.

3. Teas of the district of Hang-tcheon-fon, in the province

of Tehe-kiang, five sorts. 4. Tea of the province of Hou:

kouang, one sort. 5. Black Teas, Wou-y, or Bohea,

the province of Fou-kian, ten sorts: and which, if we my _

judge from the names, are among the most esteemed— —

such as, Lao kiun mei, or venerable old man’s eye-brows*

Pekao, white hairs, or Peko Tea : Cheou mei, eye- brows of

a very advanced age: Kieou khin lian sin, hearts of Water

of Kieou khin : Ouang nin fung, Tea of the pick-axe

of the king’s daughter: Ta haung phao, large red tails:

and Stan jin tchang, palm of the immortals, &c. 6. Tea of |

the province of Yun-nan, one sort. 7. Teas of the p'

vince of Szu-tchhouan, two kinds. But this list, it is said

by the editor of « Abel Rémusat,” is not yet complete; and

kj ate fifteen others, several of which appear to be |

Wi best known in Europe : Wou-i-tchha, Wou-r 4

ou-1 is the name of a celebrated mountain, i0 the pre

vince of Fou-kian : th g

ence comes the common nal

Bohea Tea. ' ;

Hi-tchun-tchha, Hyson Tea. Phi-teh

DRT ee ee Pe ee, ee PPE ee eee ee ee ee ee me ee

athe former soon ceased; while that of the latter daily increased among

‘the ttle more than a century ago, according to Lord Macartw:

Skin Tea. it is that species of Hyson Tea commonly called Skin. Siao-

tchoung-tchha—a small kind, the Saotchoun or Souchong of the mer-

chants. Pao-tchoung-tchha—a species sold in small packets; the

Pouchong of commerce. Soung-tseu-tchha, Sonchais Tea. Koung-

fou-tchha, Camphon, or Congo Tea. Chang-koung-fou, Camphon Tea.

of a higher quality, or Camphon Campony. Tchu-tchha, Pearl Tea,

Ya-toung-tchha, Winter Tea. Tun-ki-tchha, Twankay Tea, Kian-peii-—

tchha, or Tseu-tchoung ; a second species of Campony Tea. On-tchha,

Black Tea—the leaves serve to dye stuffs black. Ye-tchha, Desert

Tea—The flowers of this species of Tea are of a golden colour; the

stem is high, and the leaves of a bright green: they use it in the same

manner as the common Tea. Chan-tchha, Mountain, or Wild Tea.

All these different kinds of Tea may be distinguished by the experi-

enced merchant, merely by the taste. The situation of Assayer of Teas

at Canton requires this sort of talent, and the individual who holds it,

enjoys a salary of £1,000 per annum for tasting Teas only. :

The quantity of Tea produced in China must be enormous; for with

the exception of J apan, a province of China, it has not been gree on

icable, though often attempted in Brazil and elsewhere, (and mainly on

account of the higher price of labour,) to cultivate it to advantage any

Where but in China proper: and there, the Tea-plant is spread, and not

Very thinly spread, over a square area of 1,372,450 square miles. It is

vow a common beverage throughout the whole civilized world. Its use

in China reaches to a very high antiquity. An Indian prince, accord~

ing to the Japanese, a holy and religious character, of the name of

ARMA, visited China, about the year 516 of the Christian era, with

€ view to instruct the natives in the duties of religion. He led himself

a life of great abstinence, and denied all manner of rest or relaxation to

his body: but he was at length so weary of his fatigues and a that 4

he fell asleep. Asa penance for so great a dereliction of duty, e cut 7

off both his eye-brows, the instruments and ministers of his crime, and

threw them upon the ground: each eye-brow became a shrub, and that

nrub the one now called Tea, whose virtues were till then as unknown

'0 the world as the plant itself, Darma quickly discovered the agreeable

Properties of the foliage, which endowed his mind with fresh powers to”

Pursue his divine meditations. Having recommended the use of it to

disciples, it soon became general in China, and has now extent ed to

_~ Temotest regions of the earth : while the individual who first disco-

Vered its qualities is held in remembrance by a rude figure in Chinese

| Japanese drawings, of an old man standing upon water, with a reed

t his feet, and one of his eye-brows sprouting out into a Tea-| as

,-INSCHoT is said to be the first traveller, who tells of a herb, with

Which the Japanese prepare a drink, and which they offer to their guests

' ; aS a mark of high consideration. Caspar Bavntn speaks of it in his

» under the name of Cha. It was very early in the seventeeth

: . century that Tea first became known in Europe ; and we are assured, =

‘at the Dutch at first carried on a trade, by recommending the Sage of

Scountry, which they gave in exchange for Tea of China. The Wwe

* English East India Company did not sell more than 50,000 :

“fa, and very little was smuggled. In 1784, the consumption o

Britain was estimated at 13,338,14 ibs. Now, that of Great Britain

and Ireland, exclusive of the dependencies, amounts to 28,000,000 its,

Lords ArtineTon and Ossory brought home a quantity of Tea from —

Holland, about the year 1666, at which time it was sold for 60s. the Be

But the practice of tea-drinking, even in public coffee-houses, was not

uncommon in England prior to that period: for, in 1660, a duty of 8d.

per gallon was laid on the liquor made and sold in all coffeehouses.

In the sister country of Scotland, a ceritury elapsed before Tea was

Benerey known. It has been stated, and we believe on the authority of

ir WaLTER Scort, as proving how long a time had passed before Tea

came into general use in his native land, that people are yet living, who

recollect how the Lady Pumpuraston, to whom a pound of fine green

Tea had been sent as a rare and valuable present, boiled the same, and

served it up with melted butter, as condiment to a salted rump of beef,

and complained, that no cooking that she could contrive, “ would make

those foreign greens tender.”

America catries on a vast trade in this article; but Russia is stated to

rank next to Great Britain, inasmuch as 25,200,000 ibs. of Tea are

yearly. imported and consumed by the Russians. Their trade with the

elestial Empire, as may be conjectured. by the proximity of their term-

tories, is by land ; and it is said that, in consequence of it, the Tea is of

a superior quality than that which has been subjected to a long voyage.

It is sent from Russia to Germany, where it fetches a high price, under

the name of Caravan Tea. But in Russia, a peculiar kind of Tea, not

known in other parts of Europe, (and, indeed, in Russia, its consumption

is confined to the Asiatic territories,) is Brick Tea, a term frequently

made use of in the interesting travels of Lepresowr in the Altaic Moun-

tains, and which has been lately explained to me, and a specimen shown

me by the Rey. Wittiam Sway, an intelligent missionary, who ha

resided for ten years at Setenginsk, in Asiatic Russia, where Brick Tea

is in very general use among the Mongolian tribes and Bouriats. Its

produced at Fokien, and consists of old or coarse damaged leaves al!

stalks, pressed into moulds, and dried in the oven. Of this a small

quantity 1s taken, pounded in a mortar, and infused for a long time

boiling water before the infusion is ready, which, however, is too bac

the Chinese taste. The people above mentioned, generally add to 1t@

little salt and milk, and sometimes flour fried in oil. .

_ Linn avs had the honour of introducing this interesting and valuable

plant alive to Europe : but not till he had experienced many disappoint-

ments. The seeds would never bear the voyage : for like all oily

they turned rancid in a short time. His pupil Ossecx brought a plant

as fat as the Cape of Good Hope, where it was washed overboard dutng

a storm. Lacrrstrorm conveyed two shrubs, for the true Tea,

Upsal; but they turned out to be Camellia, which the Chinese call by the

Same name ; not distinguishing it (any more than some able Europe?

botanists) generically from Tuza. Some time after, one reached We

hope of Gottenburg in good health: but the evening before landing,

‘ e captain set the plant on the table of his cabin, where it was eaten

We Ke At length Linnzus advised Captain Exrsere to SOW

ees in pots of earth at the moment of his departure from China,

4 at they might vegetate after passing the line; and the growing |

cog eee thus brought in safety to Gottenburg, the 3d of Octobet

» and transported to the Botanic Garden of Upsal. ee

Fig. 1. Flower.

G49.

. , 73229

is Glaxenwood Essex: lpr £ LIBB3Z.

Pub. by S. Curt

( 3149 )

Rosa Kamrcnatica. KamrscaaTka Rose.

KEKE KEKE EEE EEE EEE REE

Class and Order.

IcosAnpDRIA Ponyeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Rosacez. )

Generic Character.

Calycis tubus urceolatus, carnosus, achenia plurima hir-

sutaincludens. Receptaculum villosum. Lindl.

Div. If. Feroces. Rami tomento persistente vestiti.

Fructus nudus. Lindl. : ,

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Rosa * Kamtchatica ; foliis rugosis opacis aculeis stipulari-

bus et rameis valde inaqualibus. . Be

Rosa Kamtchatica. Vent. Hort. Cels. t. 76. Ait. Hort.

Kew. ed. 2. v. 3. p. 259. Lindl. Monogr. Ros. p. 36.

he Bot. Reg. t. 419. De Cand. Prodr. v. 2. p. 607.

Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 5A6. :

(@.) nitens ; foliis lucidis pallide viridibus. Lindl. in Bot.

Reg. t, 824. |

This is one of the many beautiful drawings executed by

'. Joun Curtis for the Botanical Magazine, during the

latter part of Dr. Sims’s editorship: and as I have not my-

self had the opportunity of seeing the plant from which it

Was made, I shall transcribe Professor Linpuey’s excellent

‘scription, given in the Botanical Register. “ Shrub three

lo five feet high, loosely spreading ; branches trailing, cot-

tony, with biformed, hairy prickles, those under the stipules

aleate and distant, those upon the branch smaller, thick-

‘et, bristle-shaped, with thinly mingled bristles. Leaves —

wrinkled, opaque, thick-set ; stipules large, halved ae S

ovate, —

* Derivation at Tab, 2847.

ovate, hairy, curled at the edge, here and there beset with

glands ; petioles cottony, without prickles ; leaflets seven,

simply serrated, with the teeth callously tipped, naked at the

upper side, hairy and paler at the under. Flowers generally

solitary, red; bracteas elliptic, nearly naked ; peduncles

naked, purple ; tube of the calyx round, naked ; leaflets of

the calyx very narrowly triangular, furless on the outside,

beset with glands, broader at the tip, longer than the petals;

petals obversely cordate, tipped, ultimately flat. Disk

raised, fleshy. Ovaries nearly naked ; styles hairy, rather

naked at the base : mass of stigmas conical, naked. Fruit

one furless, scarlet, waxy, shorter than the calycine

eaflets.”’

The species is a native of Kamtschatka, whence it was

introduced to the gardens of Europe by M. Czts in 1802,

and is a great ornament to them.

Our drawing was made from a plant in the garden of Mr.

M‘Leay, of Tilbuster Lodge.

J Garis dei

Pub. by S. Curtis Glazenwood Essex April 11832.

HWSO.

Swan”

Si aaclsae

( 3150 )

Sipa rosea. Reppisu GLOBE-FLOWERED

SIDA.

Class and Order.

Monaperputa PotyAnpria.

( Nat. Ord.—Matvacez. )

Generic Character.

Calyx nudus, 5-fidus, sepe angulatus. Stylus apice

multifidus. Carpella capsularia, 5—30, circa axim verti-

cillata, plus minusve inter se coalita, 1-locularia, mono- aut

oligosperma, apice mutica aut aristata. D C.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Sia * rosea ; caule fruticoso, follis longe petiolatis cor-

datis acuminatis serratis molliter pubescentibus, pe-

dunculis axillaribus unifloris, calyce inflato basi trun-

, ato, corollis subglobosis. ‘

Sia rosea, Link et Otto in Ic. Pl. Select. Hort. Berol.

era B

Rosa Nee Willd. Herb. ex Spreng. Syst. Veget. 2. 3.

p. 119,

(tees

Descr. This forms.a shrub of some feet in height ; ils

ranches rounded, pubescent. Leaves on long petioles,

cordate, very acuminate, serrated for their d#iole length,

With three principal and several lateral nerves, and reticu-

ated with connecting veins, soft, with a copious down of

Stellated hairs when seen under a microscope. Stipules

obsolete. Peduncles two to three inches long, from the

AxXils of the upper petioles, and longer than they are, some-

What drooping, Calyx broad and truncated at ie

* Derivation at tab. 2857.

somewhat inflated, five-cleft, with acute segments. Petals

rather large, showy, broadly obovate, nerved, reddish,

somewhat inclining to purple, very concave and erect, so

that taken collectively they almost form a globose corolla.

Stamens numerous. Anthers yellow, very compact.

Of this plant, seeds were sent about the year 1820, by

Sir Tuomas Harpy from South America, to Lady Camp-

BELL; but from what part of that vast continent is not

stated in the MS of Dr. Sims, for whom the drawing was

made at Messrs. Wurtteys, Fulham, in October 1821. It

appears, however, to be clearly the Sina rosea of Messrs.

Linx and Orro in the work above quoted, differing only in

the deeper colour of its flowers ; and thence we learn that

it is a native of Brazil, and that it was introduced to the

Botanic Garden of Berlin, in 1817, by Prince Maximi1ian

pE Neuwiep.

At is evidently allied to the Siva globiflora of this work

t. 2821, and is equally remarkable for the globose flowers

and inflated calyx, truncate at the base.

ET eae ee

( 3151 )

-EPIDENDRUM VARIEGATUM. WARIEGATED

EPiIpENDRUM.

KK REE EEE EERE EKEE KEKE

Class and Order.

GyNANDRIA Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcutpexz. )

Generic Character.

Columna cum ungue labelli longitudinaliter connata in

tubum (quandoque decurrentem ovarium). Masse Pollinis

A, parallele, septis completis persistentibus distincte, basi

filo granulato elastico aucte. Br.

Specific Character.

: Eripenprum * variegatum ; bulbo elongato compresso, foliis _

subternis ligulatis maculatis, perianthii foliolis obo-

vato-oblongis acutis intus atro-purpureo-maculatis,

columna brevi, labello cordato intus lineis duabus

elevatis, flore recto.

‘tee

Descr. Parasitic. Stem bulbiform, branched : the bulbs

oblong, compressed, smooth, dark green, sheathed at the

base with the withered bases of former years’ leaves, one

lb rising above another. ‘Two or three leaves terminate

this bulb : they are eight to ten inches long, ligulate, ob-

_tuse, striated, of a yellow-green, dashed with deeper spots,

So that they have a variegated appearance. Raceme ter-

‘minal, on a compressed peduncle, a span high, lax, of about

eight to ten flowers, which are straight, not twisted. Pert-

anth of six obovato-oblong, nearly equal pieces, of a yellow-

Ash-green colour, somewhat coriaceous, obtuse, yellower

towards

* Derivation at tab, 2844.

towards the extremity ; the upper or inner side sprinkled |

almost all over with blackish- purple spots: they are —

patent or even reflexed. Column short, standing out ho- —

rizontally, thickened upwards, nearly plane, within pale —

yellow-green, united for nearly its whole length with the —

lip, whose free part is cordate, acute, within having two —

elevated longitudinal lines, which are slightly downy.

Anther-case yellow, lodged in a depression at the top of the

column, where there is a small three-toothed scale. Pollen

Masses in two pairs, each pair having its caudicult com-

bined at the extremity. Stigma transverse, depressed,

viscid. Column slender, subclavate, not at all twisted.

From the collection of Ricuarp Harrison, Esq. of Liver-

1, who obligingly communicated a fine specimen of this

interesting plant, with a drawing by his sister, Mrs. Arnow

Harrison, in January, 1832. The root was sent from Rio

by Mr. Wirt1am Harrison.

At is extremely unlike any other species of the Genus

with which I am acquainted, and the flowers are very beau-

tiful. The leaves, too, have a remarkable appearance,

being spotted with a darker colour.

—————-

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Side view of the Column and Lip. 3. Lip, with the

Labellum foreed down so as to show its form more distinctly, 4. Anther.

5, 6,7. Different views of the Pollen-Masses : magnified.

Lab by 8. Curtis Glaxenwood Essex May 11832,

Curtig de[t

( 3152 )

Higsiscus MANrnoT, @. PALMATED-LEAVED

Hisiscus, var. B.

Class and Order.

Monapetpui1A PoryanpriA.

( Nat. Ord.—Matvacez. )

_ Generic Character.

Calyx cinctus inyolucello sepius polyphyllo, rarius foli-

olis paucis aut inter se coalitis. Petala hinc non auriculata.

Stigmata 5. Carpella in capsulam 5-locularem coalita,

valvis intus medio septiferis, loculis polyspermis aut rarius

l-spermis. D C. |

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Himiscus Manihot ; caule inermi, foliis subglabris palmato-

partitis, lobis 5—7 acuminatis grosse serratis, invo-

lucello hispido 4—8-phyllo, pedicellis floridis decli-

natis, DC. as Js,

Hisiscus Manihot. Linn. Sp. Pl. p.980. Cav. Diss. 3. p.

172. t. 63. f.2. Willd. Sp. PL p. 825. Ait. Hort. Kew.

ed. 2. v. 4. p. 229. Sims in Bot. Mag. t. 1702. De

one Prodr. v. 1. p. 448. _ Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 3.

p. 102. .

Kermra folio Manihot serrato, flore amplo sulphureo. Dill. )

Elth. p. 189. t. 156. f. 189. \

(8.) palmatus ; foliis palmatifidis, radice crassa fungosa.

De Cand. Prodr. ». 1. p. 448. (Tas. nostr.)

Himiscus palmatus. Cav. Diss. 3. p. 168. t. 63.f-1. —

A description, and an excellent figure of the var. a, the

type of this species, having been given at 4 1702 of this

Work, we need offer no further remark than to say, that —

ay eg is distinguished by the greater size and beauty of

€ flowers, and the less deeply divided leaves. ait

the € plant from which our figure was taken, blossom No-

Stove of the Count De VANpEs at Bayswater, in 9

Yember, 182], | : cw

Gl5é.

Swart “

Fab by § Curlis Glaxenwood Essex May 118.32.

( 3153)

Myrcia Acris. WiLp Crove-Tree, or

Bay-Berry Myrtle.

Class and Order.

IcosAanpRIA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord—Myrraces. ) |

Generic Character.

Calycis tubus subglobosus, rarissime ovatus, limbus 5-

itus. Pet. 5. Stam. numerosa, libera. Ovarium 2—3-

lare, loculis pluriovulatis. Bacca sepius matura 1—2?-—

locularis, 1—3 ? -sperma. Semen subglobosum testa levi.

Cotyledones foliacee, corrugato-contortu plicate.—Frutices

aut arbuscule omnes ex insulis Caribeis aut America aus-—

trai orte. Folia opposita integerrima pellucido-punctata

aut opaca, nervatione Myrti donata. Pedunculi axillares

et subterminales paniculati multiflori. Flores albi. D C.

| Specific Character and Synonyms.

| Myrcta * acris ; pedunculis axillaribus et terminalibus tri<

| chotomis corymbosis folio longioribus compressis, flo-

ribus 5-fidis, foliis ellipticis obtusis convexis coriacel

| glaberrimis superne venis elevatis reticulat

| me pellucido-punctatis. ;

| Myrera acris. De Cand. Prodr. ». 3. p. 243.

YRTUs acris. Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. v. 2. p. 909. Willd. Sp.

“Pl. p. 973. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. p. 190. Spreng.

M Syst. Veget.v.2.p.487 ;

YRTUS caryophyllata. Jacq. Obs. 2. p. 1. (non Linn.)

ARYOPHYLLUS 1. foliis oblongo-ovatis oppositis, racemis

¢,_ lateralibus et terminalibus. Browne, Jam. p. 247.

~ARYOPHYLLUs aromaticus Indie occidentalis foliis et fructu

rotundis. Pluk. Alm. 88. t. 155. f. 3. “

is Descr.

ie. ‘ POPE?

‘nin, his was fabled to be so named from Myrsrnz, an Athenian damsel, and

Miyerva, who was changed into a Myrtle. ae

Descr. A tree, according to Swartz, clothed witha —

grey, brown bark. Branches compressed, in our dry spe- _

cimens, (but Swartz describes them as terete,) four-angled, —

often marked with very minute, raised points, glabrous. —

Leaves opposite, three to five inches long, very coriaceous,

elliptical, obtuse, convex above, the margins revolute, wav-

ed and subtortuose, with many parallel, nearly horizontal

nerves united by reticulations which are most apparent on

the upperside, (where are impressed dots,) and, in the dry

state, beneath pale, with discoloured, not depressed dots.

Panicles pedunculate, axillary, the peduncles as long as,

or longer than, the leaves, very compressed, ancipitate:

branches brachiate, each subtended by opposite, small, de-

ciduous bracteas. Calyx, including its adherent tube, ob-

conical, punctate, of four short, spreading, obtuse lobes,

which are downy within. Petals five, nearly orbicular,

scarcely clawed. Stamens numerous. Anthers yellow. —

Germen small, adherent with the tube of the calyx, the

summit only free, two-celled, with one broad ovule pendent

from the top of each cell. Style longer than the stamens,

plane: Stigma obtuse. The perfect fruit I have not seel. —

Of this highly fragrant plant I am not aware that any —

good figure exists. It is, indeed, on account of its affinity —

with the Myrrus Pimenta of Linn us, involved in some ob-

scurity; having, I fear, been not unfrequently confounded —

with that grateful aromatic. In the absence of fruit, 1t18—

perhaps, best distinguished by its five- (not four) lo

calyx, its more elliptical, and far more coriaceous leave

which are glossy and reticulated (when dry) on the uppe —

surface. The seeds are very different in the two plants, if

Der Canpotte be correct, and hence they are by him referred —

to different Genera, Myrrus Pimenta to Events, and the —

M. acris of Swartz to Myrcia. In the former, the radicle

and the cotyledons are very thick and conferruminated: 9

Myrcia the cotyledons are coriaceous and corrugated and

contortuplicate. From Myrrvus they are both distinguished ;

by the extremely thin and membranous coat to the ,

In Eveeyia Pimenta the stigma is certainly capitate, 9

scribed by Mr. Linptey. |

The Myrcra acris is a native of Jamaica, and, probably, :

of other West India Islands. I have numerous |

from the Rev. L. Guripine from St. Vincent. 2

Lunan, the author of “ Hortus Jamaicensis,” thus speaks :

of this plant. “ It may contend with most trees for the a

of elegance ; it grows slowly, and attains a considem”

size. The trunk is handsome, straight, forming a very lofty,

thick, and beautiful pyramid. In the younger trees, the

bark is brown, then ash-coloured, and finally white, with

yellow spots ; very smooth and even, but sometimes hanging

down in slender shreds, it has an astringent, somewhat

aromatic flavor. The timber is very hard, red, and pon-

derous, capable of being polished and used for mill-cogs

and other purposes where much friction is required. The

eid branches are sharply four-angled and green ; their

eaves three to four inches long, of a very sweet aromatic

smell, and on account of their agreeable astringency, often

used as sauce. The flowers are small, white, with a slightly

reddish tinge ; the berries round, as large as peas, having an

aromatic smell and taste, which render them agreeable for

culinary purposes ; they contain seven or eight seeds.”

The tree is a native of several of the West Indian Islands,

and is called in Grenada, Bois d’Inde. Browne says, it is

common in Antigua and Jamaica, as well as Barbadoes, and

generally attains a considerable size; that it fills the woods

with the fragrant smell of its leaves, nearly resembli

that of Cinnamon, but its bark has none of the warm

of that of Cinnamon, though the berries much resemble

Cloves, both in form and flavour. It is commonly called

Wild Cinnamon, or Wild Clove Tree ; and is said to be the

Bayberry of Hucus.

—.

Fig. 1. Bud. 2. Section of the Germen.

SEX e ari. 1832

+. Curls Glazenmwood Es

: ( 3154 )

Maxitiaria picra. Parnrep MAxizuaria.

KEKE REE EERE EKER ERE

Class and Order.

GyNANDRIA Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuipex. Div. Vanpex, Lindl. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium patens, resupinatum. Labellum eum pro-

cessu unguiformi columne articulatum, trilobum. Foliola

lateralia exteriora basibus cum processu column connata.

Pollinia 4, basibus connata, glandulosa, (vel 2, pedicellata,

Pedicello basi glutinoso.)—Herbe parasitice, bulbose,

ice meridionalis. Racemi (vel scapi uniflori) radi-

ales. Lindl.

Specific Name and Character.

-Maxirarra picta; bulbis ovatis 1—2-phyllis, foliis lineari-

lanceolatis, scapo radicali unifloro, petalis incuryo-

patentibus lineari-oblongis subaqualibus discoloribus

maculatis, 2 inferioribus basi subproductis, labello

- oblongo incurvo 3-lobo disco elevato pubescente, lobis

lateralibus incurvis terminali subcordato acuto. |

| ee

Descr. Bulbs about as large as a pigeon’s egg, dark

e clustered, obscurely furrowed, bearing one or two

hear-lanceolate or strap-shaped, almost nerveless, coria-

fous, acute leaves, a span, or nearly a foot long. Scape

Ye to six inches high, arising from the root at the base of

@ bulb and there solitary, in part sheathed by membranous

Scales, single-flowered. Flowers large, handsome, inclined.

“als spreading, but singularly incurved, oblongo-linear,

acute, nearly equal (the two inner ones being the smallest) ;

at of them of a rich and deep orange-colour within,

jotted with purple; externally almost white, with spots and

lotches of deep purple. Lip oblong, pale, dirty-white or

cream-coloured, but little spotted; three-lobed, the disk

with an oblong, downy swelling, the two lateral lobes in-

curved, the terminal one somewhat recurved, cordate,

acute. Column of a deep, almost black-purple, as well as

the anther, which is hemispherical. Pollen-masses four,

deep yellow, obovate, connected by the base with a short

stalk, which spreads laterally into a transversely linear, in-

curved gland.

This is another of the many new Orchideous plants

received by Mrs. Arnotp Harrison, from her brother in

Brazil, where it was gathered in that spot, so fertile in

vegetables of this family, the Organ Mountains. It flow-

ered during the month of December in Mrs. Harrison’s

stoves, and is eminently deserving a place in every collection

from the size and beauty of its blossoms. The colour and

markings are exceedingly beautiful.

Fig. 1. Column. 2. Lip. 3, 4. Back and front view of the Pollen-

Masses :—magnified.

WIT del*

Pub by § Curtis Glazenwood Essex. May 1 1952.

LG 8166 et memes

Bipens srrtava. STrRiaTED-FLOWERED —

| Bur-Marieouw. =

| KEKE ERE KEE EEE KEKE EERE

| : Class and Order.

SynGENESIA F’RUSTRANEA.

( Nat. Ord.—Composirz.) “i si wee

Generic Character.

Anthodium simplex partitum subcoloratum involucratum.

pipet interdum radiales lingulati.) Receptaculum pa-

eaceum. Pappus aristis subbinis retrorsum aculeatis.

Spreng. ets

: Specific Character and Synonym.

Bipens * striata; caule subpubescente striato, foliis (pleris-

que) ternatis, foliolis ovato-acuminatis serratis, lateral-

. bus subsessilibus terminali majori sublonge petiolato,

»_ tadii flosculis late obovatis lineatis (albis). —

Bivens striata. Sw. Br. Fl. Gard. t. 23. ee

__Descr. Annual? Stem from a foot and a half to

» & four feet high, erect, much branched, striated, slightly

downy. Leaves petiolated, almost wholly ternately pin

: lated: the two lateral leaflets the smallest, nearly sessit

the terminal one ona rather long petiole: all of th |

“cuminate, waved, and much nerved, glabrous. The lower- _

‘Most leaves on the plant, which are of considerable size,

and some of the extreme upper ones, which may be con-

‘Sidered bracteas, are simple. Flowers in a sort of panicu-

d ted, leafy corymb, moderately large. Involucre of a

ouble series of'scales ; the outer linear, reflexed, downy ;

immer oblongo-linear, obtuse, glabrous, erect. a

Sea pS

, amrmrrton:

= ; che) ieee .. ae

So named from the two teeth which crown the summit of the Re

tacle with numerous” long, linear, chaffy scales. Florets of

the ray five to six, large, white. Corolla broadly-obovate,

marked with lines, three-toothed.. Corollas of the disk

numerous, yellow, tubular, five-toothed. Anthers black-

purple. Stigma bifid, the segments linear, spreading, hairy.

Achenium linear-oblong, compressed, margined, the edges

scabrous, the short bristles pointing upwards. The Pappus

consists of two erect, rigid bristles, retrorsely scabrous.

This is one of the many interesting plants introduced to

our gardens by the late Mr. Barctay from Mexico. Itis

the more desirable from being quite hardy, if treated as an

annual, although the root is, probably, perennial, and from

blossoming late in the autumn. The flowers are abundant,

and conspicuous from their large white rays.

Fig. 1. Involucre with the Scales of the Receptacle. 2. Floret of the

Ray. 3. Floret of the Disk, with its accompanying Scale, 4, Achenium:

magnified. 5. Leaf from near the root: nat. size.

Pub by S-Curtie Glarenmoed Ensex, May iss?

foe

eee”

( 3156 )

Divris macutata. Spotrep Divris.

Jeb HEeek

Class and Order. |

GYNANDRIA Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuiwes. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium irregulare, subringens, 6-partitum : foliola 2

anteriora exteriorum labello ecalearato trifido ‘supposita,

_linearia : interiorum lateralia patula, unguiculata. Anthera

_ stigmati parallela, utrinque lobo laterali columne peta-

loideo stipata. Br. ‘ ;

‘

Specific Character and Synonyms.

_ Diuris * maculata; \abello basi intus bicarinato, laciniis

Jateralibus intermedium subzequantibus, foliolorum

perianthii interiorum laminis obovatis. Br.

Diuris maculata. Sm. Ex. Bot. v. 1. p. 57. t. 20. Willd.

Sp. Pl.0.4. p. 79. Br. Prodr.v. 1. p.315. Sieber,

Fl. Nov. Holl. n. 165.

_ _Descr. Root? Stem ten to twelve inches high, rounded,

glabrous, leafy mostly at the base. Leaves linear-subulate,

canaliculate, striated, gradually becoming smaller upwards,

_ and soon passing into sheathing scales. Raceme of eight

_ toten flowers, each subtended by a membranous, sheathing

Sractea. Petals spreading ; upper one of the outer series

ovate, jagged, yellow, spotted, the two lower ones of the

_ Same series linear, green, deflexed, and often crossing each

_ other. Two inner petals large, spreading, and directed

_ Upwards, obovate, tapering into a long claw, pale yellow

——

* From 3s, double, and Spa, a tail, in allusion to the form of two of the

- Ss, Aca = a : . sea : ae or

ati

spotted with rich purple-brown. Lip deep yellow, and

spotted, three-lobed, the lateral lobes oblong, reflexed,

jagged; the middle one much larger, obcuneate, with two

prominent ridges near the base. Column flattened, short,

with two ovate, jagged wings, which embrace the ovato-

acuminate, two-celled anther. Germen linear -clavate,

twisted.

For the opportunity of figuring this interesting plant, I

am indebted to the kindness of W. Townsenp Arron, Esq. ;

_who sent me a drawing taken from a plant which had blos-

somed in the Royal Gardens of Kew, in March, 1825. It

was transmitted from New South Wales, by Mr. Arian Cun-

nincuam, 1823. From the specimens in my Herbarium it

would appear that this plant is liable to much variation in

the size and colour of its flowers; which are, indeed, among

the most elegant of the family: but the colour and the

markings of the blossoms in the “ Exotic Botany” figure,

as Mr. Brown observes, are far from being well executed.

—_———

Fig. 1. Lip, Column, and Anther. 2. Back view of the Lip, 3, Column,

with its Wings and Anther, 4. Anther :—magnified.

Renl Guilding detl*

Sran Jt

Pub by §.Curtis Glaxenwood Essex. Mey LIGE2.

€. 3182.)

~ Mimusors DISSECTA, _Cur- FLOWERED

MIMuSops.

Class and Order.

HexanpriA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Saporz. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 8—6-partitus, gemino laciniarum ordine. Corolla

laciniis duplici serie, exteriores 6—16, integra vel divise :

interiores 6—8, integra. Stamina antherifera 6—8, laci-

uiis interioribus opposita, totidem sterilia alternantia. Ova-_

rium 6—8-loculare. Bacca abortione oligosperma, v, mo-

hosperma. Semina nucumentacea, albuminosa. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Minusors dissecta ; foliis elliptico-ovatis obtusis retusisve

subtus cinereo-argenteis, floribus octandris, corollis

octo-decemfidis, pedunculis solitariis ex axillis supre-

mis ramorum. ‘s

Mimusops dissecta. Br. Prodr. p. 531. Spreng. Syst. Veget.

+ = ©. 2rp. 208. : by,

Mimusops Kauki. Linn. Sp. Pl. p.497? Br. Prodr. 2. I.

Mimusors hexandra ? Roxb. Corom. v. 1. t. 15. eat

Acuras dissecta. Forst. Pl. Esc. p. 43. Prodr.p.25. Wild.

Sp. Pl. v. 2. p. 223.

Acuras Balata. Aubl. Pl. Guian. v. 1. p. 308.

Manit-kara. Rheed. Hort. Mal. P. IV. p. 53.4. 29.

ETROSIDERos Macassarensis. Rumph. Amb. v. 3. p. 19.

t. 8 |

_ Descr. A small tree? Branches numerous, rounded,

1e ultimate ones short and bearing leaves, and, in their

axils, flowers also at the extremities. Leaves petiolated,

liptical-ovate, entire, coriaceous, obtuse or retuse, gla-

ous and somewhat shining, dark green above, beneath

silvery-grey, penninerved, the nerves prominent beneath :

_ petiole about an inch long. Flowers solitary on peduncles,

an aa — Sata : ~~ about

about as long as the petioles, but appearing aggregated

from the circumstance of their arising from the axils of the —

crowded leaves at the extremity of the branches. Pedun-

cles curved, swollen upwards. Calyx of six ovate leaves

arranged in two series, slightly downy, spreading. Corolla

monopetalous, of eighteen segments arranged in a double

series, the outer of twelve linear-acuminate lacinie, the

inner of six somewhat narrower ones, opposite the fertile

stamens. Stamens, six fertile and six alternating barren,

squamiform, denticulated ones. Filaments of the perfect

stamens subulate: Anthers oblongo-acuminate, reversed.

ae Germen small, conical, tapering into a slender,

liform style. Stigma obtuse. Fruit, a large oval, or

nearly obovate, one-seeded (by abortion), at first green, at

pat brownish-purple Berry, with the traces of five other

cells, and tipped with the persistent style. Seed somewhat

triangular, compressed, with a narrow, linear scar or hilum.

_ Although cultivated under the name of Acuras dissecta of ForsTER

in the island of St. Vincent, whence drawings and specimens have been

og on gaeene by the Rey. L. Guiip1ne, I am by no means certain

that this is the plant of that author: for its most important distinguishing

character, the pale and almost silvery hue of the underside, is not men-

tioned by Forster. It would, perhaps, have been more correct, to

have ypted the Specific Name of Auvsixt; for he has most accurately

described the foliage ; and it is more than probable, that it was intro-

duced, as many other plants were known to be, to St. Vincent from

ba Auster speaks of it as brought from the Isle of France, where

it is called Bois de Nattes, But this is a vague term, and in Mauritius,

according to my friend Professor Bosgr, is applied to three different

lants : = Bois de Nattes a petites feuilles, (Mimusops retusa) ; Bois de

ates a grandes feuilles (M. Natta); and Bois de Nattes 4 pomme de

Singe.” J] have no reason to think it is any of these: and if it be really

the Acuras dissecta, it is a native of ihe Philippine and Friendly

Islands. The figures both of RuzEpE and Rumpurus above quoted,

to be sufficiently characteristic of our plant, and the MimusorPs

ecandra of Roxs. Corom. which Mr. Brown notices, as scarcely to

distinguished from the Acuras dissecta of Forster, seems to differ

only in the broader segments of the corolla, and the different colour

the underside of the leaves. Lastly, Mr. Brown’s M, Kauki appeals to

differ in nothing but the greater length of the petioles.

Mase fruit of our plant is esculent, and Mr. Guitp1ne remarks, that

poeeaion of it is too much neglected in our colonies.

ait te BS AcHRas dissecta an unctuous fluid is said to exude. The

1S of an agreeable acid, and on account of it, the plant is extensively

cultivated in China, Manilla, and Malabar. The leaves pounded and

mixed with th é . :

plasms for Sais gy of Curcuma and with Ginger are used as cast

es f

Fig. Extremity A

ee of a Flowering Branch, from which many of the Leaves —

ith Fruit: nat. size, 3. Corolla laid open. 4. Stamen. 5

nat, size.

( 3158, 3159 ).

Covurovurita Gutanensis. Guiana Courovu-

PITA, or Cannon-Ball Tree. -

eM ee eR OR REO ROR ROR ORE EE

. Class and Order.

PotyanpriA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Myrracez. Trib. Lecyruipez. )

a Generic Character.

- Calycis tubus turbinatus, limbus 6-lobus persistens. Pe-

tala 6 inequalia. Ligula staminea antheris basi et apice

mstructa. Ovarium turbinatum, 6-loculare. Septa parieta-

lia versus axim reflexa ibique columellam mentientia ; funi-

culi inter se concreti et ideo ovula plurima gerentes. Stylus

0. Stigma stellatum hexagonum. Capsula erustacea, glo-

bosa, circulo calycino cincta, operculo non solubili notata,

evalvis, intus pulposa. Mesocarpiwm ante maturitatem

carnosum, postea deliquescentia evanidum, tuncque endo-

carpium ab epicarpio solutum et volubile. Semina in pulpa

nidulantia, plurima, ovata, membrana villosa coriacea tecta.

bryo subrotundus compressus rostratus. Cotyledones

Magne foliacee nervose plicate corrugate sub radicula

claviformi curvate.—Arbores. Folia petiolata oblongo-cu-

neata subcrenulata. Stipule parve caduce. Racemi swn-

ces trunco ramisque innascentes, bracteatt. Flores ampli

sordide albescentes aut incarnati. D C.

oi ~ Specific Character and Synonyms.

Courourrra * Guianensis ; foliis a (calycis margine

_ ircumscisso petalis acutis)? DC.

Covrovrirs Guianensis. Aubl. Guian. v. 2. p. 108. t. 282.

- Descourt. Fl. Med. des Antil. v. 5. p. 137. f. 340. Port.

in Mem. du Mus. v. 13. p. 152. De Cand. Prodr. ». 3.

& p. 294, . i

Lecyrms bracteata. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 2. p. 1174.

Prxea Couroupita. Juss. Deane

ee ES .

cisinguieatntal

* The name of the plant in Guiana.

Descr. A Tree of large size, from fifty to sixty feet

high, with a ¢runk often more than two feet in diameter :

the wood is soft; the branches spreading, covered with a

smooth bark. Leaves most copious at the extremities of

the branches, eight to ten inches long, broadly lanceolate

approaching to cuneate, shortly acuminate, membrana-

ceous, very obscurely toothed ; veins oblique, reticulated

with nerves. Petioles about an inch long, downy. Racemes

one to three feet in length, produced on the former year’s

branches, and upon different parts of the trunk, bearing a

great many, sometimes a hundred flowers ; of a very large

size, and no less splendid in colour. The buds shortly

before expansion are about the size of a medlar; they open

slowly, two or three in a morning, and falling off in the

evening, and are highly fragrant. At the base of the flower

are two opposite, oblong, deciduous bracteas. The calyx-

tube is turbinate, adherent with the germen or ovary, its

limb of six rounded, minutely ciliated lobes. Corolla of

six (rarely seven) coriaceous, unequal, imbricated, subor-

bicular, but much waved and concave petals, yellowish on

the outside with a tinge of red, crimson-lilac within, spread-

ing horizontally. In the centre of this corolla, and around

the upper part of the pistil, is a remarkable staminiferous

ligule or nectary : it is a large, fleshy, exactly circular disk,

densely covered with short, upright, fleshy, yellowish sta-

mens, one side of which is prolonged into a broad, strap-

shaped, fleshy ligule, folded or doubled upon itself, the ex-

tremity of which on the upper side is thickly clothed with

numerous longer, red, fleshy stamens. These stamens seem

to be the most perfect. The filaments are cylindrical. The

anthers subglobose, two-celled. Those of the circular disk,

besides being smaller and of a different colour, have the

filaments clavate ; those of the centre appear to be abortive.

The greater portion of the pistil is inferior, the upper OT free

portion, which may, perhaps, be considered the style, 3s

age and hemispherical : the stigma of six, appressed rays.

€ Germen appears to have six cells: but if examin

carefully, it will be found that there are six, arrow-shaped

(viewed when cut transversely) receptacles, arising from pa-

rietes and meeting in the centre, and that each of the barbs

(if I may so term them,) bears several ovules, especially 0?

its inner edge. When the germen is a little swollen, a the

petals with the staminiferous ligule have fallen away, there

will be seen a transverse constriction in the free portion of

the pistil, between the insertion of the limb of the calyx ee

Pub by S Curtis Claxenwood Esse JIunelsE5Z

3159. 4

Swan Je

ma Ses

the apex of the pistil. Not having had the advantage of

seeing the fruit in a recent state, [ shall describe it in the

words of M. Porrzav. “ Although a raceme is com

of fifty to one hundred flowers, it produces but one or two

round fruits, four to eight inches in diameter, reddish, rough

to the touch, and marked by a circle, bearing the calyx at

two-thirds of its height. In describing the bark of this

fruit, 1 must employ the nomenclature of Ricuarp ; its epi-

carp is crustaceous, thin but solid; its sarcocarp is ve

thick and fleshy, the endocarp woody, a line thick, and

very solid ; the sarcocarp becomes deliquescent, and leaves

a considerable space between the epicarp and endocarp,

thus allowing the latter to roll about freely in the former.

The endocarp is full of pulp, at first greenish-white, and

becoming blue on exposure to the air. When the fruit is

cut and ripe it has the colour of wine-lees, and diffuses a

most intolerable odour. The six cells, which are evident

im the green state, disappear at maturity, and the seeds are

found here and there, of indeterminate number, scattered in

the pulp: they are oval, roundish, compressed, covered

with a woolly coriaceous membrane, and furnished with a

long and equally woolly podosperm ; the membrane in

question cleaves laterally, and allows the escape of the

kernel, covered with its own very thin coat. "The embryo

1s roundish, compressed, with a very large, claviform radicle,

and two large, foliaceous cotyledons, full of nerves, plaited,

depressed, and applied to the radicle; the colour of the

embryo is white, except the nerves of the cotyledons, which

are rose-coloured.”’ ‘

M. Porreav, when speaking of the groupe (his Order) of

Lecyruipex in the “ Mém. du Mus.,’”’ characterizes the

plants which compose it as “ Trees or Shrubs of the Equa-

torial regions, which have leaves simple and alternate, and

the flowers racemose, remarkable for their size, their beauty,

and the singularity of their structure; but of which no in-

dividual has blossomed in France, nor perhaps © pep

f we consider the vast size to which the subject | the

Present description arrives, we despair of ever seeing it flou-

rish in any extra-tropical region, and we cannot but feel

greatly indebted to the Rev. L. Guripine, who has enabled

Us to give a figure with many details of this plant, than

Which none more curious or interesting has graced our

Pages. It is an inhabitant and one of the greatest orna-

Ments of the dense forests of Cayenne, flowering at all

Seasons of the year, where it is not unfrequentl concealed

from view by a mass of the Spanish Long-beard (Ti1-

LANDSIA

LANDSIA usneoides). Thence it has been introduced, I be-

lieve by Dr. ANpERsoN, into the island of St. Vincent. If

the tree is rendered attractive by the beauty of its flowers,

which, moreover, are endowed with the most delicious

odour, it is no less remarkable for the size of the fruit,

whence, in conjunction with its form, the plant is called by

the colonists the Cannon-ball Tree. ‘‘ The fallen peri-

carps,” says Mr. Guitpine, “ which strew the ground and

exhibit the scar or hole by which they were attached to the

peduncle, so nearly resemble the cannon-shell, that one

might easily, at first sight, imagine that a company of

artillery had bivouacked in its shade.” If we may believe

in the poetical language of M. Descourriiz, “ Flore Pitto-

resque et Médicale des Antilles,’ the noise they make in

falling affords an additional reason for the name: “ sous

un ciel pur et éblouissant, la grace est toujours unie a la

magnificence dans les scénes de la nature; partout, dans les

mornes, des sources cachées dans la profonde nuit de la

terre annoncent leur présence par un doux murmure, ou

des eaux argentées qu’elles laissent filtrer entre les rochers,

ou se dérober en gazouillant sous les gazons, ou les plantes

qu’elles reverdissent. Lorsque le silence de la nature est

mterrompu par les brises violentes qui, sous la zone torride,

font souvent le désespoir du cultivateur, ou entend la crépi-

tation des fruits du Couroupite, dont le balancement pro-

duit un choc mille fois repeté, et semblable au feu roulant

de la mousqueterie.”

The Shell is used in South America for domestic purposes, as the

Calabash. The pulp contains sugar, gum, malic, citric, and tartaric

acids, and is employed to afford a refreshing drink in fevers; but, in the

perfectly ripe state, Mr. Guitpine says, “ it exceeds whatever is

filthy, stinking, and abominable in nature : yet the scent is remarkably

vinous, and so durable, that on examining some portions of the fruit

that had been preserved in rum for two or three years, the native odour

of the plant was so strong, as to render the apartment almost insupport

able. Insects revel in this disgusting and putrid pulp. CoLEoPTERA

and Forricut feed upon it, whil ag

hollow of the shells.” pon it, while the Formic find a shelter 1

—<—<—<—————

Tas. 3158. Portion of a Raceme of Flowers with a Leaf and Fruit: nat.

‘Tap. 3159. Fig... Ligul sfehge

sue id Grits Poa gule of Stamens spread open. 2. Section 01 \

Stam ak the Pistil and Calyx. 3. Stigma aa aura of the Pistil. 4.4

CHAN sdatons etl eg of the Ligule. 5. Anther. 6. Stamen from PN

Eee syrad the’ Pistil. 7. Pistil a little advanced, with the Calyx

outer Cafieing yas ig 0 * yamaha Section of ditto. 9. Seed with?

Seed. 12. Seed, with 13, Em re bursting open (from Porreav)-

seh, eh ryo; 14, Embryo unrolled ; and 15, Embryo

bdo we cut through to show their straciges (fron Porreav:)

pf ts O15. nat. size ; the rest more or less magnified.

SH del?

Pub by S Curtis Clazenwood Essex Junelipg2

35160.

( 3160. )

BacKEA saxicota. Stony Backers.

eee ss os Os as sO On a

‘Class and. Order.

Icosanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Myrracea, )

Generic Character.

Calycis tubus turbinatus, limbus 5-fidus persistens. Petala

Stam. 5—10 (—15) libera, petalis breviora. Stylus

filiformis. Stigma capitatum. Capsula 2—5-locularis,

calyce inclusa, polysperma.—Frutices. Folia opposita

glabra, punctata. Flores pedicellati, albi, parvi.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Backe * saxicola; glaberrima, foliis quadrifariis imbricatis

obovatis acutis punctatis immarginatis brevissime pe-

tiolatis, floribus ex axillis foliorum supremorum solita-

riis vel binis breve pedunculatis, staminibus 10.

Backea saxicola. Cunningham MSS.

Descr. A low Shrub, prostrate in its wild state, but,

when cultivated in the gardens of Kew, erect, with virgate

branches ; the branches mostly opposite, quadrangular,

clothed with pale grey, lax bark. Leaves most copious on

the young shoots, all of them opposite, quadrifarious, obo-

vate, coriaceous, acute, very shortly petioled, scarcely at all

Margined, dotted on both sides with glands, abounding in

grant oil, erecto-patent. Flowers solitary, or two to-

ether, from the axils of the leaves, which are at the extre-

Mities of the branches, on petioles rather longer than the

leaves, Calyx with its adherent tube turbinate, glandular ;

the limb of five rounded, delicate, pale-rose-coloured, —

whi

* In compliment to Apranam Bagcx, a Swedish Botanist.

small. Rckas tk Ave enponlts to, and five

hoe Filaments short, eae? white. nine

deep roundish or cordate, apparen i oon the q

the never seems to ‘he fertilized by b

ae germen presents a otted summit, constitu

_ the disk of the flower, and bearing a short style wh

: : weet tom ee Bo ian at Kew, by favour of

Arron, and where it was introduced by Mr. Autan —

| Govatnone who informs me that it is a native of bare,

rocks on the South-west coast of Australia, where |

he detected it in 1822, flowering in the month of February.

‘There its habit _ uite prostrate; but, on cultivation,

Mr. Conninonam fi its character to be much altered,

it becomes an erect shrub,

the shelter of a greenhouse, and the usual

3. Flowers. 4, Stamen. 5. Portion of the Stem with

a at ew Holland plants eral. At Kew it

- plants in gen |

Lub. by 8.Cartig Clazenwood Essex Janel JQ52,

Beets errs: .otplootn SIGE tad

PITTosPoRUM CORNIFOLIUM. CORNEL-LEAVED

PiTTosPoruM.

REE EEE ERE EKER EEE

Class and Order.

Prentanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Prrrosporex. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-sepalus. Pet. 5, unguibus in tubum conniven-

tibus. Caps. 2—3-valvis, medio septiferis. Semina pulpa

resinosa obducta.—Frutices folits integris persistentibus. :

Specific Character and Synonym.

Prrrosporum * cornifolium; caule fruticoso gracili, foliis

oppositis elliptico-lanceolatis glabris summis verticil-

latis, pedunculis terminalibus aggregatis villosis uni-

floris. Cunn. MSS.

Pirrosrorum cornifolium. Cunningham MSS.

_ Descr. A shrub, with forked branches, the upper ones

trichotomous or subverticillate, clothed with reddish-brown,

smooth bark, Leaves: the lower ones opposite, the upper

verticillate, all of them elliptico-lanceolate, coriaceous, ob-

tuse, two to three inches long, quite entire and glabrous, the

veins reticulated, dark-green above, paler beneath. Pedun-

cles in clusters of from two to five or six, arising from the

terminal whorls of young leaves, an inch or an inch and a

half long, very slender, hairy with spreading, minute hairs,

Single -flowered. Flowers rather small. Calyx of five

patent,

* From “ wirrow, to besmear with pitch, and copa, seed; because the seeds

are enveloped in a pitchy fluid, exuding internally from the capsule as it

‘Fipens,

eine deciduous, subulato -lanceolate, green, ciliated

eaves. Corolla of eight}deciduous petals, ofa reddish-brown

colour, linear, the lower half erect, forming a tube, the rest

strongly reflected, sometimes revolute, acuminated. Sta-

mens five, hypogynous. Filaments as long as the tube of

the petals, subulate, white, erect. Anthers yellow, oblongo-

ovate. Pistil : Germen oval, obtuse, densely hairy. Style

as long as the filaments of the stamens. Stigma capitate,

green.

Obligingly forwarded from the Royal Gardens of Kew,

where it was introduced some years ago by AtLan CuNNING-

nam, Esq., who has most kindly communicated to me his

notes, made on the place of growth in the year 1826, when

he met with it in dark, humid woods by the rivers in New

Zealand, producing flowers in September, and ripe fruit

about the close of the year. It was uniformly found grow-

ing (parasitically) on tufts of Astexim (A. Banksii), and

upon the trunks and principal branches of the larger timber-

trees, particularly upon the “ Kacxarsa,”’ or Dacrypium

taxifolium of Lampert.

It flowers in the greenhouse of the Royal Gardens at

Kew, in March.

—————

——

Fig. 1. Bud. 2. Flower. 3. Stamen. 4. Pistil :—magnified.

ee rey

Sips e:.ss Seis botulinum

lub. by 8. Carkis Clazenmood Essex Janell932.

( 3162)

LeucopoGon LANCEoLATUs. LANCEOLATE

LEvucorocon.

aie ke ae os oh a Os as a ORS a OR

Class and Order; |

Pentanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Epacripez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. bibracteatus. Corolla infundibuliformis, limbo pa-

tenti longitudinaliter barbato. Filamenta inclusa. Ova-

rum 3—5-loculare. Drupa baccata ¥. exsucca, nune

crustacea. : Fade a :

Frutices sepe humiles. Folia sparsa quandoque ‘inter-

rupto-conferta. Flores spicati, axillares vel terminales.

Discus hypogynus cyathiformis sublobatus raro nullus. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms. — = a

Levcorocon * lanceolatus ; spicis nutantibus aggregatis,

ovariis 2-locularibus, drupis ovalibus, foliis lanceolatis

planis 3-nervibus, ramulis glabris.

EUcopogon lanceolatus. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. v. 1.

Pp. 541. (excl. Syn. Andr. and Vent.) Roem. et Sch.

Syst. Veget. v. 4. p. 474. (excl. most of the Syn.)

Cunningham in Field’s N. S. Wales, p. 341. Sw. Br.

Fl. Gatd.t.47, =

PHELIA lanceolata. . “‘ Sm. Nov. Holl. 49. (excl. Syn. )

Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 657.

Descr. An erect, much branched, large shrub, with

sraceful, more or less curved branches, clothed with red-

dish-brown bark, entirely glabrous. Leaves alternate, most

numerous

wn white, and swyav, a beard; from the white, bearded limb of the

numerous upon the younger branches, where they a

sometimes fascicled at the extremity, lanceolate, rigi

glaucous-green, slightly grooved, three-nerved. Spik

an inch or an inch and a half long, in clusters at the e

tremity of the branches, slender, drooping, bearing abo

eight to ten flowers. Calyx of five unequal, green, imbri-

cated leaves, and two or three scales or bractee at the bas

Corolla white, infundibuliform. The tude is a little swollen,

the limb patent, at length reflexed, clothed above with

white hairs. Filaments extremely short. Anthers oblong,

one-celled, with a small, callous point or crest at the upper

extremity. Pustil: Germen ovate, surrounded at the base

by a short, five-lobed annulus: Style thick: Stigma sub-

capitate.

Introduced many years ago into the English Gardens,

where it makes a graceful greenhouse shrub. It has been

obligingly communicated by Mr. Arron from Kew Gardens,

along with the following species, L. Gnidium, and was

accompanied by some excellent remarks from Mr. ALLAN

Cunninenam with the view of showing that the two plants

are really distinct, although they have been united by the

generality of Botanists. _ :

2 Mr. Cunnincuam speaks of L. lanceolatus as a frequent

plant in the colony, and constituting a large shrub in the

Blue Mountains. With us it bears its slender and drooping

“spikes of white flowers in March.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Stamen. 3. Pistil land :—mag-

nified. n S and hypogynous Gla g

et de S Carte Glasenweend Revee tene Lita?

( 3163 )

HYMENANTHERA DENTATA. 'TOOTH-LEAVED

HyMENANTHERA.

he a ee sO

Class and Order.

PentanpriA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Viotarma. Trib.—Atsopinex. Br. )

Generic Character.

Calycis sepala 5 imbricata. Petala 5 alterna, ovato-

acuminata, demum reflexa, calyce longiora, xstivatione ob-

liqua imbricativa. (Br.) Stamina structura ad Violam

accedentia, sed basi coalita in discum monadelphum ;

squamis totidem iis dorso oppositis. Stylus brevissimus.

Stigmata 2 acuta. Capsula subbaccata (in sicco rugosa

aut venoso-reticulata) tenuis ovata (unilocularis mono-

sperma ?) 2-locularis, loculis 1-spermis, (sec. Br.) calyce

petalis staminibusque induviata. Semina capsule conformia

illataque omnino replentia, ad ejus apicem e placenta ner-

Viformi (ut in Viola) pendula.—Seminis structura inter

Violaceas et Polygaleas, ex Br., media.

Frutices ramosi. Folia nunc solitaria et alterna, nunc

subfasciculata coriacea. Flores axillares parvi. Pedunculi

sohiarii (vel aggregati) uniflori, basi bibracteati. De Cand.

Specific Name and Synonyms.

Hywenanruera * dentata; foliis oblongis denticulatis. Br.

Hymenantuera dentata. Br. in De Cand. Prod. v. 1. p.

315. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 805.

Descr. An erect, rigid Shrub, with pale, ash-coloured,

Toughish bark, and many erecto-patent, spinescent breaches

_ whic

=. —————

cere eaten me en

* From op, a membrane, and arlnpa, the anther, in allusion to the union

| of the Anthers by a membrane. :

which themselves are armed with numerous subulate

spines, about an inch long, sometimes naked, sometimes

bearing a few leaves, at other times only the rudiments of

leaves. The leaves are from half an inch to an inch long,

alternate or fasciculated, generally remote, oblongo-lanceo-

late, nearly sessile, toothed, yellow-green, somewhat rigid.

Flowers from the axils of the leaves, or from the older wood

of the branches when the leaves have fallen away, solitary,

or in clusters of two to four. Pedicels short, decurved, with

two small bracteas at or near the base. Calyx of five broadly-

ovate, imbricated, somewhat unequal leaves, combined at

the base. Petals five, linear-lanceolate, rather unequal in

size, twisted and imbricated in the acuminated bud, at

length reflexed and revolute, not unlike those of a Prrto-

sporuM, yellow. Anthers five, combined into an urceolate,

swollen, membranaceous, orange-coloured tube, free only

at the acuminated extremity, where each of the linear seg-

ments has its sides involute, its extremity toothed. Cells

of the anthers double, oblong, yellowish. At the back of

each anther is an erect, cuneate, yellowish scale. Pistil

very small. Germen ovate, tapering into a short style,

with a bifid, acute stigma.

_ Few persons, on first looking at this thorny, rigid, inele-

gant shrub, would suspect it to be allied to the same tribe

with those universal favourites, the Violets: but an examl-

nation of the flowers will show that Mr. Brown has done

rightly in referring this his own Genus to that, or near to

that, family, between it and the Poty¢atew as he thinks. The

anthers, more or less combined in all the Violets, are here

still more remarkably so, to that degree that they form an

urceolate and inflated membrane, not unlike the covering

to the fruit of a Carex. This highly curious plant has been

introduced to the Royal Garden of Kew by the indefatigable

Mr. Aran Cunnineuam, and a fine flowering specimen was

obligingly sent to me by Mr. Arron, in March, 1832. “ It

grows,” Mr. Cunnineuam observes, “ in shaded situations

in the Ikawarra district on the sea-coast to the Southwar

of Port Jackson and elsewhere in the colony, where, how-

ever, it isa rare plant. Sir Joserx Banks appears to have

found it near Port J ackson.’’

—$—

Fig. 1. A Flower and Bud. 2. Petal. 3. § Singi®

0 : = . 3. Stamens and Scales. 4- ;

Scale. 5. Pistil. 6, Staminal Tube laid open : magnified.

a eal

( 3164 )

HABENARIA CORDATA. HEART-LEAVED

HABENARIA. ?

KR KK KKK RRR KE KK KKK EEK

Class and Order.

GYNANDRIA Monanpnia.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuipex. )

Generic Character.

Corolla ringens. Labellum basi subtus calearatum.

Glandule pollinis nude distincte (loculis pedicellorum ad-

natis vel solutis distinctis). Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Hasenaria cordata; caule diphyllo, foliis cordatis subcar-

nosis nitidis quinquenerviis (siccitate reticulatis), peta-

lis conniventibus, labello trilobo recurvo, cornu brevis-

simo, antheris duabus abortivis clavatis. se

Hapenarta cordata. Br.—Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 3. p.

691. Hook. in Bot. Misc. v. 1. p. 270. t. 55.

Orcuts cordata. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 4. p. 28.

Satyrium diphyllum. “ Link, in Schrad. Diar. Bot. 1799,

o 323." ae

‘eee

Descr. Root consisting of a few stout, simple fibres, and,

apparently, constantly, one solitary bulb. Stem a span or

More high, erect, rounded, glabrous, bearing two remote,

cordate, somewhat succulent, recurved, five-nerved, glossy

leaves, of which the upper one is the smallest and narrow-

est, both having sheathing bases. Spike of man somewhat

compact, rather small, greenish flowers, each with a bractea

Sout its own length. Petals nearly equal in length, lan-

ceolate, connivent, the three outer ones green, occupy

upper side of the flower, leaving the labellum eat

combined in their lower half. Two inner petals yellow-

green, a little longer than the outer. Labellum longer than

e petals, recurved, yellow-green, the sides incurved, three-

lobed, the lobes ovato-lanceolate ; at the base having a —

short, deflexed horn. Column extremely short, scarcely

any. Anthers broadly oval, with two membranous cells,

their bases spreading, through which the red-brown glands

of the clavate, granular pollen-masses are protruded. On

each side of the avin anthers is a white, fleshy, clavate,

abortive one, as long as the anther itself.

Few species of Hanenaria are, perhaps, less known than

the — it having been, so far as I am aware, only de-

scribed, and as a native of Portugal, by Professor Lans ; till

the Rey. Mr. Lowe, who found it on walls at “ Arco de

Santo Gorge,” and on rocks at “ Entranza,” on the Southern

_ shores of the island of Madeira, enabled me to give a figure

_ of it in the Botanical Miscellany. But that figure, like too

_ many others done from dried specimens, is inaccurate in

_ seyeral particulars: and in none more so than in the reticu-

: lation of the leaves (which only appears after the i-

_ men is dried,) and in the shape of the labellum. These

_ errors I have now the pleasure of being able to correct from

ol.

Ga den of Glasgow. These flowered feebly in 1831, and

ga wie Bagalacy yap when our dre wring - made, The

towers are highly fragrant, especially in the evening.

Tb plants hase been bithato kerk in a pot of peat and

loam in an airy part of the greenhouse.

= =e cee

Be of the Anther, with the ae-

i won gr Psi pa 3. Front view of the same. 4. Labellum,

plants, kindly sent by Mr. Lowe to the Botanic —

! Carll .

Pus

€ ee

Lub by

: S. Curtis

Claxenwood

Essex

Jub 21

11832,

ee ee

( 3165 )

CLITORIA? ARBORESCENS. Woopy

CLiToRIA.

Class and Order.

2; ¥

Diapetraia Decanpris. ~

( Nat. Ord.—Leeuminosa. ) |

Generic Character.

Cal. basi bracteis 2 majusculis instructus, 5-fidus. Cor.

vexillum amplum. Stam. diadelpha, cum petalis non imo

calyci sed supra basin.inserta, Stylus apice subdilatatus.

Legumen lineare compressum rectum bivalve styli basi acu-

minatum 1-loculare, polyspermum. Semina isthmis cellu-

losis sepe intercepta——Herbe scandentes. Folia pinnata

cum wmpari sepius l-juga, rarius 2—3-juga, foliolis sepius

stipellatis. Flores axillares, pedicellati, ampli albi, cerulet

aut purpuret, sepe resupinati. D C. i

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Cuivorra ? arborescens ; caule scandente lignoso, foliolis 3

amplis ellipticis brevi-acuminatis subtus elevatim ve-

nosis junioribus ferrugineo-pubescentibus, pedunculis

multiforis, floribus maximis, calycibus tubulosis, vex-

illo sericeo, pistillo pubescenti-tomentoso.

Curorta arborescens. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 3. p. 302.

De Cand. Prodr. v. 2. p. 235.

‘een

Descr. Stem apparently climbing to a great height,

and very woody, the young shoots only soft and herba-

Ceous, rounded, glabrous. Leaves large, on long, rounded

petioles, which have two persistent stipules at their base,

ternate : leaflets elliptical, or somewhat obovate, shortly

acuminate, subcoriaceous, nearly glabrous, the young ones

only clothed with soft, ferruginous down, many nerved,

the nerves oblique, parallel, prominent beneath, oe con-

VOL. vi. H

nected with transverse veins: the lateral ones on very short,

the intermediate ones on long petiolules, each with sub-

ulate stipelle at their base. Peduncle axillary, two to three

inches long. Pedicels very short, bracteated. Flowers

large, purple and white, resupinate. Calyx three-fourths

of an inch long, tubular, five-toothed, tinged with red,

having two lanceolate bracteas at the base : teeth subulate,

the lower one the longest. Vexillum ample, its back cover-

ed with beautiful, silky, down. Ale or carina oblong ; the

latter acute. Stamens ten, nine united and one free: An-

thers linear. Germen linear, hairy as well as the style:

Stigma dilated or almost capitate.

This very handsome species of Currort1a (?) was intro-

duced to Mr. Verr’s Garden from Trinidad in the year

1804; and I possess excellent specimens from the same

island, sent to me by Mr. Locxuarr.: It is likewise culti-

vated as an ornamental plant in St. Vincent ; and the beau-

tiful drawing here given of the flowering specimen was

made by Mr. Joun Curmis in 1822, during the time that

Dr. Sims conducted the Magazine. The larger leaf and

the dissections I have represented from dried specimens,

not having had the opportunity of seeing the recent plant

myself. It necessarily requires the heat of a stove, and

much room, to enable it to arrive at perfection.

—

Fig. ]. Vexillum. 2. Ale. 3. Carina. 4. Stamens and Pistil ; scarcely

magnified.

wt fe S Cartes Cammcnmmenas Seen: Sage? REND

( 3166 )

_ CoccoLopa PuBEscENsS. Downy, or Great-LEAvEI

Sra-stpE Grape. Leather-coat Tree.

KEKEE EEE EEE EEE EK EREEK

Class and Order.

OcranpriA TRyayni.

( Nat. Ord.—Potyeonea. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium 5-partitum corollatum. Nux monosperma

perianthio baccato tecta. : ?

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Coccotoza* pubescens ; foliis orbiculato-cordatis maximis

subsessilibus infra pubescentibus, racemis fructiferis

erectis (?). ;

Coccorogza pubescens. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 523. Willd. Sp.

Pl. 0.2, p. 457. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 2. p. 421.

Spreng. Syst. Veget. 0. 2.p.252. ney

CoccoLopa grandifolia ; foliis subrotundis, integerrimis, ru-

gosis. Jacq. Amer. 113. Be ee er

Scortia, arbor Americana amplissimis foliis aversa parte

nervis extentibus hirsutie ferruginea refertis. Leather-

coat Tree Barbadensibus nostris. Pluk. Phyt. Tab.

222. fig. 8. pessime.

Descr. According to Jacquin, this becomes an ineligant,

upright Tree, between sixty and eighty feet in height,

dividing aboye into not more than two or three bran ches.

Leaves very large, some of which attain to two feet in dia-

meter, orbicular with a cordate base, entire, dark green and

glossy above, covered with more or less of a short, fer-

ie down beneath, where the nerves are of a lighter

colour, and very prominent. The whole leaf strongly reti-

culated. There is scarcely any petiole, but at the base of

the disk, which is formed by the confluence of the nerves,

=—

* xonnos, seed, and roBos, @ lobe: from the lobed seed, not fruit, as stated in

No. 3130. (Hensi.)

are the sheathing stipules inveloping a bud (a), which terminates a

short branchlet. hp renchiets at fet green, and looking like petioles to

the leaves. Branches formed from a succession of these branchlets,

brown, cylindrical, scarred alternately from the fallen leaves, and bearing

a bud a immediately over each scar. Raceme terminal, (imperfectly

in the specimen). Pedicels single, longer than the flower or

fruit, with a minute scale and sheath at their base. Flowers (tmper-

fectly expanded), Perianth small, of five, fleshy segments, united for

more than two-thirds of their length, investing the germen, spherical.

Stamens — (imperfectly developed ), originating from a white mem-

brane, which coats the inner s of the perianth, and becomes free

just beneath its divisions, Germen more than half-inferior, (according

to common notions, but strictly speaking superior,) ovate, subtrigonous.

Styles three, exserted. Stigmas dilated, flat, truncate, jagged. The im-

mature and unfertilized berry, consists of the fleshy perianth investing &

nut composed internally of cullular substance with traces of three imper-

fect dissepiments. The ovule is in the middle of its substance, towards

the upper part, attached to a long, straight, umbilical chord, and having

the foramen a little oblique at the summit.

This tree is a native of the West Indies, and is said by Jacqurn tobe

Very common in the mountain forests of Martinique. The wood is

heavy, red, and almost incorruptible. When used for posts, the

ow the ground becomes as as stone. The fruit is said to

: It had not flowered before in England, though introduced,

mnce 1590, with the C. uvifera.

from an old plant in the Botanic Garden. This produced a single raceme,

for the first time, in the beginning of February, 1832; but owing to the bad

condition of the hothouse, which seldom allows of its retaining a tempera-

ture of more than a few above 60°, none of the flowers appear

have expanded properly. There was, however, sufficient for him to ascer

tain some of the peculiarities in the inflorescence of this species, and to

enable him to correct an error in our account of the fructification of C. wr'-

fera (Tab. 3130), In the description and sections of that plant, the real

nut has been overlooked. This is described by Gentwer, to be of the

consistency of paper, and to become inti united with the fleshy

of the berry, formed of the ripened Taienth In our plate, the secd

figured and described as the nut. The real character, however,

of the fruit of this Genus may be more readily seen in another specie%

C. punetaia, where the nut is hard and bony, and we have added to ouf

bridge c ~t sections from an unripe berry, grown in the Cas

nist

——

- Germen. 3. Three of the Stamens (imperfect) *

pe e which lines the Perianth. 4. ‘The unripe Periast®

Me vertically, showing the young Nut within, (c) where the Stamens sft

= orate Vertical Section of the young Nut, showing the unimpregnated

oe. Transverse Section of the unripe Berry. All magnified.

nranctata. Fig. 7. Vertical Section of the unripe Perianth, showing

nd ope bony Nut, at (d) are the remains of the Stamens. 8. V ertical

Section — the Nut, with an eight-lobed Seed in the lower part. -

pees Fi groban corresponding to the Channels on the Surface of

* 7 i. av

(rected pe eer of the Seed, detached from

ph hy

ate

ao oe eee

Hea

( 3167 )

Primuta SipiricaA. SiperiaAN Primrose.

Class and Order.

Pentanpria Monoeyntia.

( Nat. Ord.—Primunacea. )

Generic Character.

Flores subumbellati involucrati. Calyx tubulosus quin-

pushes seu quinquedentatus persistens. Corolla tubulosa,

auce vel nuda vel glandulosa, limbo 5-lobo. Capsula

apice decem-dentata polysperma. Spreng.

%. P

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Primvuza Sibirica ; glabra, nuda, foliis ovali-subrotundis

petiolatis integerrimis vel obtuse crenatis, umbella

pauciflora laxa nutante, involucri sub tetraphylli foli-

olis ovatis acutis basi calcaratis. 4 ;

Primuza Sibirica. Jacq. Misc. Austr. v. 1. p. 161. Willd.

Sp. Pl. v. 1. p. 806. Lehman, Prim. p. 60. t.7. Roem.

et Schult. Syst. Veget. v. 4. p. 143. Spreng. Syst.

Veget.v.1.p. 576. Ledeb. Fl. Alt. v. 1. p. 213.

Primuza rotundifolia. Pall. It. v. 3. p. 223.

Primuta intermedia, Ledeb. Decad. Pl. in Mém. de l’ Acad.

des Sc. de St. Petersb. v. 5. p. 519. : :

Primvra foliis ovatis glabris integerrimis, umbellis pauci-

floris, nutantibus. Gmel. Fl. Sib. p. 83, t. 46. f. 1.

a ee

Descr. Root perennial, fibrous. Leaves radical, upon

petioles about their own length, oval or roundish-oval,

rarel ‘Subcordate, quite glabrous, and free from mealy

Powder, as is the whole plant, the sides often involute, the

ihargins entire, or bluntly and obscurely crenate. Scape

five to seven or eight inches tall, pale green. Umbel of

Ve to six nodding flowers, with an erect, four-leaved in-

Volucre, whose leaflets are ovate acute, with a re

inflated,

inflated, obtuse, spur at the base. Pedicels an inch anda

half to two inches long ong. Calyx subclavate, with a constric-

rom 5 sar ga most evident in the young calyx, five-

toothed, teeth erect, obtuse: the whole is yellow-

led with excessively minute purple dots. ‘of

Corolla slender, cy lindrical, yellow, about half as long

again as the calyx ; of five broad, spreading, obcor-

date (with ad —) purplish rose-coloured segments ;

the faux elevated, deep orange-yellow, ten-rayed. Stamen

| — a little withing? the throat : anthers a almost

sessile, reaching to the mouth of the tube. Germen ovate ;

¢ about f as long as the tube of the corolla. The

, according to Leprnour, is longer than the a

# are universal favorites in our gardens, and

many have been long cultivated and figured. ‘The present

is, | among those least maowe in collections, and

2 edly among the most beautiful. Our Glasgow Garden

Seon possession of it to the Cambridge Botanic Garden,

whence it was sent by Mr. Bicas to Mr. Murray. It isa

tative of the Northern regions of Siberia, and of the Altaic

whence we have specimens from Dr. Fiscuen ;

but like other pl — ants from countries where the winters are

much severer our own, this requires the steerage of

“a frame in w in winter, which serves the same purpose as

‘of snow in its native regions. A pans

Fig. 1. Involucre. 2, Flower, 3, Pistil : magnified.

5168.

WT Hded?

Pub ly S. Curtis Clazenrood: Essex Fly U82.

alo ( 3168 )

EPACRIS ONOSM/EFLORA. ONOSMA-FLOWERED

EPacris.

TERE KER EEE RRR RRR

Class and Order.

PrentanpriaA Monoeyntia.

( Nat. Ord.—Epacrivex. )

Generic Character.

Calyx coloratus, multibracteatus: bracteis coloratis. Co-

rolla tubulosa ; limbo imberbi. Stamina epipetala : An-

theris supra medium peltatis. Sguamule hypogyne 5.

Capsula placentis column centrali adnatis. Br.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Eracris * onosmeflora ; foliis elliptico-lanceolatis acumi-

natis cucullato-concaviusculis quinquenerviis mucro-

natis petiolatis margine ciliatis, ramulis incanis, corol-

lis cylindraceo-ventricosis tubo calycem acutissimum

superante. Cumnn.

Epacris onosmeflora. Cunningham in Field’s N. S. Wales,

p. 340.

‘een

Descr. A rigid shrub, with numerous, erect, rather

Wavy branches, the ramuli downy. Leaves from half to

three-fourths of an inch long, patent or somewhat squar-

tose, dark green, sessile, ovate, acuminate, coriaceous, rigid,

concave at the base, obscurely five-nerved, entire, the point _

extremely sharp, the margins, especially below, ciliated.

Flowers rather large, solitary, nearly sessile in the axils of

the upper and rather crowded leaves, thus appearing to

form a bracteated or leafy spike. Calyx deeply ae

een

+ : From ts, above, and expos, a summit: from the plant growing in elevated

‘Situations,

the segments lanceolate, subulate, membranaceous, white,

erect, > sap oni about halfas long as the tube of the co-

rolla, base surrounded by several small, imbricated,

lanceolate, greenish scales. Corolla white: tube obl

ventricose, nearly as long as the leaves ; limb five-cleft, —

ovate, acute, patent, or reflexed. Stamens inserted just ©

within the mouth of the tube. Filaments very short, —

searcely any; Anther linear-oblong, one-celled, bright —

—_— and papillose, Pollen pale yellow; its grains in —

Germen globose, surrounded by five, yellow, glands. —

+ heey about as long as the tube of the corolla, |

white, pellucid with a central line. Stigma capitate.

Discovered by Antan Cuonnincuam, Esq. in October, —

1822, in peaty bogs at Blackheath, on the Blue Mountains —

of New Holland, at an elevation of 3,400 feet above the |

level of the sea, and by him introduced to the Royal Gar- —

dens at Kew; whence our specimen was most obligingly —

«it was wer and in ty in the ouse in

the month of March 1832. b |

_ Fig. }. Leaf. 9 Flower. 3. 3. 3. Anther in of view. —

| 4G ins of 5. Puta: different points

tab by 8 Carrs Clasenwead Essex Fralyhi932

WAH. del?

( 3169 >

| TRopmoLuM TRIcoLoRUM. 'THREE-CcOLORED

i Inpian Cress.

KER EKER EEK KKK EE KEKEEKEK

Class and Order.

OcranpriA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Troprotem.)

Generic Character,

Cal. 5-partitus, lobo superiore calearato. Petala 5 in-

qualia, 3 inferiora minora aut evanida, Stam. 8 ab

‘ipsa basi libera. Carpella 3 suberosa reniformia indehis-

centia hinc sulcata rotundata. Semina magna, exalbumi-

hosa, loculum suum implentia et hujus cavitati conformia.

Embryo magnus : cotyledonibus 2 rectis, crassis, junioribus

distinctis, dein arcte conferruminatis et etiam cum spermo-

dermate adhzrentibus, ima basi subdistinctis, radicula intra

cotyledonum processus latente, tubercula 4 mox radicellas

proferentia gerente.

Specific Character and Synonym.

_ Tropmoium * tricolorum; scandens gracillimum, foliis pel-

tatis profunde 6-lobis, lobis oblongo-obovatis obtusis

integerrimis, calyce obovato in calcar longum atten-

uato, petalis obovatis obtusis unguiculatis calycem

panlulum excedentibus.

Trorxorum tricolorum. Sw. Brit. Fl. Gard. t. 270.

Descr. Root tuberous. Stem filiform, much branched ;

anches entangled, purple, shining. Leaves alternate,

Pelioled, palmato-digitate, round, (eight lines across) foe

* From syrasr, a warlike trophy, “ from the shield-like leaves and the

: 2 pny, :

t Severs, shaped like golden helmets, pierced through and eer

and stained with blood, which might very well justify such an allusion. .

lobed, soft, slightly villous, especially below, where they

are paler, veined, lobes unequal, obovato-elliptical, gene-

rally only one of them is mucronate: petiole an inch long,

filiform, resembling the branches. Peduncles about two

inches in length, solitary, opposite to the leaves, pendent,

capillary, slightly thickened upwards. Calyx of a bright

vermillion colour, pentagonal, five-cleft, the segments blunt,

mucronulate, on the outside tipped, as well as the spur

with purple, on the inside tipped with green, the whole

inner surface glandular; spur erect, about one-third of the

length of the peduncle, awl-shaped, nectariferous. Petals

five, (three lines long,) yellow, subexserted, inserted below

the incisions of the calyx, obcordato-spathulate, unguicu-

late, dilated at the base over a slightly swollen pit. Stamens

eight, included ; filaments glabrous, colourless, dilated at

the base, and having on the outside of the insertion of each

a pit, similar to that at the base of the petals: anthers

* oes cernuous. Germen glabrous, three-lobed, lobes

eeled. Style glabrous, shorter than the stamens, grooved

on three sides, three-toothed at the top, one of the teeth

larger than the others and grooved.

This beautiful species flowered in the greenhouse of the

Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, in March, 1832. Graham.

—<—<——

Fig. 1. Flower and Peduncle, 2, Flower laid open. 3. Petal. 4. Stamen.

5. Pistil :—magnified,

35170.

it de yh

Pub by .§ Curls Glazennood Essex JaGlisaz,

| ( 3170 )

HELLERORUS | PURPURASCENS. - URPLISH

HELLEBORE. 2

eee

Class and Order. ° ‘| } : 2

- Potyanpria Potyeynta. : i a 3

( Nat. Ord.—Ranunevnacez. ) os Y te

bf -

Generic Character. F =

own

_ Hetiegorvs * purpurascens ; foliis radicalibus subtus sub-

pubescentibus palmatisectis, . segmentis basi_cuneatis

apice 3—5-lobis, caule bifloro, foliis floralibus sub-

sessilibus, calycis sepalis subrotundatis coloratis. D C.

HEtLEBorvs purpurascens. Waldst. et Kit. Pl. Rar. Hung.

v. 2. p. 105. t. 101. De Cand.. Prodr. v. 1. p. 4%.

Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 658. —

Descr. The root consists of a woody, tuber-like, trun-

cated, rough stock, from which are emitted numerous

simple or branched, descending, brown, fibres. When the

plant is in flower, the stem is not a span high, terete, some-

what downy, purplish-green, having at the base many large,

sheathing, membranaceous, reddish-green scales, which en-

Close the young, or Eee, leaves. —— idee

‘soggs . aie OT

—..

Seas

sie From tw, to destroy, and Gop, food: from the poisonous nature of these

Z oe

divides at the top into two branches, or bears two inclined,

single-flowered peduncles, which have at their base a three

to five-lobed, sessile, purplish leaf, the lobes lanceolate,

more or less laciniated, serrated. Flowers drooping, large.

Calyx of a singularly livid or purplish glaucous-grey colour :

the sepals or leaves roundish concave, at length much

spreading. Petals or nectaries about twelve, hypogynous,

in a single series, spreading, standing close, obovate or

cuneate, hollow, compressed, the mouth somewhat two-

lipped, closed, the margins being a little involute. Stamens

numerous. Filaments white. Anthers oblong, pale yellow.

Pistils five, erect, upon a conical receptacle. Germen ob-

long, tapering into a long style. Stigma obtuse. When

the inflorescence has passed, the root-leaves are in perfec-

tion, upon a long petiole, longer than the flower-stem,

digitato-pedate, above smooth, beneath slightly downy, at

length glabrous, the segments lanceolate, acute, serrated.

___ This Hellebore, so remarkable in the colour of its flowers,

_ 4sa native of woods in Hungary, and is described and figur-

ed in the splendid work above quoted of Waxpsrein and

Kirarsex. Our Glasgow Botanic Garden is indebted for

the possession of it to Mr. Hunneman. It is probably per-

fectly hardy : but we have kept it in a pot in a cool frame.

It throws up its flower-stalks in March, and the leaves

are in perfection in June.

—_—<—<—<—<——

Pirie 1, Petal (or Nectary), 2. Stamen, 3, Pistils, 4. Stigma: magni-

WIE, del*

Tab by 8, Curlis Claxenwood Essex Ibl19352

3171.

Swan Se

( 3171 >

ACROTRICHE OVALIFOLIA. OVAL-LEAVED

ACROTRICHE.

EREREK EERE EER EKER EKE

Class and Order.

Pentanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Epacrivez. ) -

Generic Character.

Calyx bibracteatus. Cor. infundibuliformis, limbé laci-

nlis apice barba deflexa. Drupa subbaccata, putamine 5-

loculari, celluloso !

Frutices humiles ramosissimi, ramis sepius divaricatis.

Folia sparsa. Spice laterales v. axillares, breves—Flores

parvi albit. Discus hypogynus cyathiformis sublobatus.

Drupe parve, depresso-globose, substantia parca. *Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms. 42.

Acrorricue * ovalifolia ; foliis ovatis ovalibusque obtusis

muticis planis margine levibus, spicis axillaribus, dru-

pis subcellulosis. Br.

Acrorricue ovalifolia. Br. Prodr. v. 1. p. 548. ‘

StrPuetia ovalifolia. Spr. gos Veget. v. 1. p. 656. Roem.

et Sch. Syst. Veget. v. 4. p. 485.

Descr. A low, tortuous, depressed shrub, scarcely more

than six inches high, with numerous branches, which are

copiously leafy. Leaves scattered, broadly ovate or oval,

sessile or nearly so, coriaceous, obtuse, entire ; dark green

on the upper side, paler and distinctly veiny beneath, the

veins dark-coloured and almost resembling parallel lines.

Flowers

—_* expos, a point, and bgt, a hair: from the tufts of hair at the extremity of

: the segments of the corolla.

Flowers minute, greenish-yellow, in dense, axillary, short

spikes or clusters, most abundant on the underside of the

branches. Calyx of five unequal, imbricated leaves or

scales, scarcely different from the two or three bractee at

the base, except in being larger, pale green. Corolla rather

hypocrateriform than infundibuliform, the tube inflated,

contracted at the mouth, and there closed with hairs; the

limb of five linear-oblong horizontally spreading segments :

near the extremity is a transverse tuft of rather thick hairs

not quite erect, but a little inclined inwards. Stamens in-

serted into the mouth of the corolla, bent back, so that the

oblong, orange-coloured anthers are lodged in the sinuses

of the limb ofthe corolla. Pistil: Germen ovate, surround-

ed in its lower half by the large cup-shaped, lobed nectary.

Style short, thick, dark green. Stigma obtuse.

: Introduced to the Royal Kew Gardens, where it flowers

in the month of March, by Mr. Atuan Cunnincuam, and

sent to us by Mr. Arron. The Edinburgh Garden is in-

debted to that source for the possession of the plant, where

we saw it blossoming in 1831. As an ornamental green-

house plant, it cannot boast of much beauty, until the

flowers are examined with a microscope, when the delicate

structure of the corolla, the singular tuft of hairs at the ex-

tremity of the segment of the corolla, and the rich orange-

_ coloured anthers, lying in the sinuses of those segments,

become apparent.

_ Mr. Brown discovered the plant on the Southern shores

of New Holland, and Mr. Cunnineuam found it “ on the

exposed summits of sandy ridges connected with ‘ Bald

Head,’ King George’s Sound,” where he observed it, bear-

ing its white, drupaceous fruit, in J anuary, 1822.

a Fig. 1. Flower. 2, Extremity of the Segment of a Petal, with its Tuft of

airs. 3. Stamen. 4. Pistil and Nectary. 5. Back of a Leaf: magnified.

3172.

Dceiaie Bauer ice del. “Pub. by 8 Cartic, Glazenwood Essex, dag! 1952.

bee,

aecad

2 BIFA. FA 0

- Prerostyziis Banxsit. Laree-Leavep

wg PTEROSTYLIS.

SRR IIR Sak eesoakakek

| Class and Order.

GyNANDRIA Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuipea. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium ringens tetraphyllum, foliolo inferioro bi-

fido.(e duobus infra coherentibus conflato), Labellum

unguiculatum, subinclusum. Lamina basi appendiculata

V. gibbosa; ungue infra labio inferiore connate. Columna

basi galea connata, apice alata: Anthera terminalis, per-

sistens, loculis approximatis. Masse Pollinis in singulo

loculo bine, compress, pulyeree. Stigma medio columne

adnatum. me

Herbe terrestres, glabre. Bulbi nudt, indivisi, caudicem

descendentem radiciformem terminantes. Folia nunc ra-

dicalia stellata, nervosa, membranacea, scapo bracteato

aphyllo; nunc caulina alterna radicalibus nullis. Flores

. Solitartt rariusve racemosi, ochroleuci, sepius majusculi. —

~ Div. Il. Appendix apice diviso sepius penicellato. Folia

radicalia in planta florida nulla. Caulis foliosus. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Prerosty1is Banksii; caule folioso unifloro, foliis lato-lan-

ceolatis inferne carinatis basi vaginantibus, labello

oblonge ovate-subuncinato obtusiusculo columnam

equante, appendice pennicellato. Cunn, in litt.

Prerostyxis Banksii, Brown, in Herb. Banks.

Prerosty is macrophylla. Cunningham, MSS.

‘See

_Not having had the opportunity of seeing a living spe-

cimen of this extremely rare plant, I am unable to offer a

description of it, and which, at. best, would have given a

very inadequate idea of the plant, in comparison with the

@ccompanying figure, which is from the inimitable ponte

of Francis Baurr, Esq. The history of the plant 1 r 8

VOL. vi, 1

give in the words of Mr. Artan Cunninenam, in the letter —

above quoted, and dated April, 1832. ‘ When I was in —

New Zealand in 1826, I found on the bank of a stream

which is received into the Bay of Islands, a Prerostyuts,

remarkable no less for the large size of its cauline leaves,

than for its height, which exceeded a foot. On my return

to Sidney, I carried with me some roots of this unpublished

plant, which I transmitted to Kew, by an opportunity which

then offered. There it had been long supposed to be dead,

when, to the surprise of all of us, it has thrown up a perfect

flower-stem, which I carried to Mr. Bauer, who has not

only made a beautiful drawing of it, but has most kindly

.. me to send it to you to publish in the Botanical

agazine.”

At this time Mr. Baver had not examined the grains of

Pollen; but when he had done so, and found them to be

very different from those of Orchideous plants, he most

liberally communicated his exquisite drawing of them

through Mr. Cunnincuam ; accompanying it with the fol-

lowing note: “ I have now on the 2d of May, examined the

Pollen Grains with Proxssrz’s grand microscope, and, to

-Iny great surprise, found a total deviation from those of all

the hundreds of specimens of Orchideous plants I have yet

investigated. These grains, in their ordinary form, consist

of three or four-celled corpuscules, or as Botanists express

it, “e spherulis quaternis conflatis’ (see Brown, Prodr. p.

310.). I therefore send you herewith, a sketch of some

grains of your plant, which are represented as seen under

water, except that at A, which is in a dry state, when it ap-

pears collapsed. This I consider an important circumstance,

and could not be detected by Botanists possessed only of

glasses of moderate power.”

These grains of Pollen as given he ified 570 times lineally,

or 324,900 times superficially ! orang ae 4

Mr. Cunnincuam had named the species P. macrophylla: but on

showing the drawing to Mr. Brown, that learned Botanist recognized 1t

as the same with a specimen found by Sir JosepH Banxs in New

Zealand, at the time he accompanied Captain Cook round the world in

the Endeavour, and of which the plant, or the drawing, still exists in the

Banksian Museum. Mr. Cunnincuam then readily consented to the

wishes of Mr. Brown, that it should bear the name of its first dis-

coverer,

——

————

—

BP acta er of PrERosTyuis ; nat. size. 2. Front view of the Fructification

lium, nat. size. 3. A side view of the same; nat. size. 4. A front view of

ive parts a! Fructification, with the Ale forcibly expanded ; magnified two times sf

yeep ne - *ront view of the Labellum magnified two diameters. 6. Back view o

pias pags ee two diameters. 7. Front view of the Anther, the Stigmatic Gl

mit pia meskes of the Columna, magnified six diameters. 8. A side view of the

bicd tore _ Six diameters. 9. Transverse Section of a portion of the Ovariums

magnified four diameters, (F,BauzR). 10, Grains of Pollen as described above-

erie?

ae 2 a

LAGS ES

Crteed Essex. dic"

the

( 3173 )

MAXILLARIA PLACANTHERA. FLAT-ANTHERED

Nec MAXILLARIA,

SS ee oe a oy ces oe a nO OO

Class and Order.

Gynanpria Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcuwwez. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium patens, resupinatum. Labellum cum pro-

cessu unguiformi columne articulatum, trilobum. Foli

_ lateralia exteriora basibus cum processu column connata,

_ Pollinia 4, basibus connata, glandulosa (vel 2, pedicellata,

Pedicello basi glanduloso).—Herbe parasitice, bulbose,

pe meridionalis. Racemi v. scapi uniflori), radicales.

indl. |

Specific Name and Character.

~ Maxirnarra placanthera ; bulbo ovato folioso, foliis lato-

lanceolatis plicatis, scapo unifloro vaginato brevi,

eh gaa laciniis oblongis obtusis equalibus macu-

atis lateralibus basi panlulum productis, labello an-

gusto erecto trilobo, lobo medio transversim oblongo

integerrimo, anthera apice plano.

‘eee

Drscr. Parasitic. Bulb ovate, compressed, bearing

- four to five oblongo-lanceolate, wavy, striated leaves at the

_ extremity ; and, whilst young, sheathed and entirely con-

by many large, membranous, ovate, and acuminated

Scales, which wither before the bulb reaches its maturity.

- Scapes arising from among these sheaths, and at the base

- of the bulbs, single-flowered, each bearing two or three

| longo-lanceolate, membranaceous scales. Flowers large.

_ *etals five, oblong, nearly uniform, obtuse, yellow-green,

_ “ternally slightly spotted, internally more copiously mark-

in lines, especially the two

brown spots placed in lines, especially ‘aie

inner petals. Lip much eontracted at the base, applied

to the column, three-lobed; two lateral lobes blunt, in--

curved, terminal one the largest, transversel — the

whole is greenish-white, spotted and streaked with pur-

e. Column purplish-white, tapering at the base. Above

is a three-toothed projection, the middle tooth

er. Anther suborbicular, bidentate, quite

within, aye four cells for the reception

‘

of the four orbicular, pale-yellow, pollen-masses, attached

by their base to a gland which covers the central tooth on

the top of the stigma.

For this new and well-marked species of Maxittaria we

are again indebted to the rich collection of Mrs. Annoxo

Harrison, who received the bulbs from her brother in

Brazil, and who cultivates it with the same degree of suc-

cess, with which she does so many other species of the

Orchideous family. : ar

ioe

ae mah | *

Ce te

entacses

— 5

4ub. br §. Curtis, Glaznwood £

( 3174 ) |

ACACIA CINERASCENS. Grey FRAGRANT

ACACIA.

Class and Order.

Potyeamia Monaccia.

( Nat. Ord.—Lecuminosz. )

Generic Character.

___ Flores polygami. Cal. 4—5-dentatus. Pet. 4—5, nunc

‘libera, nunc in corollam 4—5-fidam coalita. Stam. numero

varia 1O—200. Legumen continuum exsuccum bivalve.—

_ Frutices aut arbores, habitu et foliatione valde varia. Spine

_ stipulares, sparse aut nulle. Flores flavi, albi aut rarius

_ rubri, capitati aut spicati, decandri aut polyandri, eleuthe-

_ randri aut monadelphi, petalis 4—5 liberis coalitisve con-

_ stantes—Secr. 1. Puytuopinez. D.C.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

_ Acacia cinerascens; phyllodiis oblongo-lanceolatis falcatis

trinerviis glaucis acutis inferne attenuatis, spicis axil-

laribus terminalibusque subfasciculatis breviter pedun-

culatis, floribus 4-fidis, stylo staminibus duplo longiore.

Acacia cinerascens. Sieber’ Pl. Ex. Sicc. n. 448. De

Cand. Prod. v. 2. p. 454.

eee

_ _Descr. A tree, with long, twiggy, decurved, angular,

_ glabrous branches, which are of a brown colour but covered

with a glaucous pruina, compressed upwards. Leaves, or

rather leaf-stalks (phyllodia) large, scymitar-shaped, acute,

with a.curved mucro while young, much attenuated at the

ase, destitute of gland, three nerved, very glaucous. Pe-

tole extremely short, scarcely any. Spikes long, cylin-

drical, pendent, arising several from nearly the same point

towards the extremity of the branches. Flowers bright

yellow, very fragrant, orgy Calyx short, deep ete

downy, four-toothed. Corolla of one, four-cleft, campanu-

late petal. Stamens numerous. Style filiform, glabrous,

much exceeding the stamens in length. :

This beautiful and most desirable Acacia was introduced

by Mr. Arian Cunnincuam to the Royal Gardens at Kew,

whence Mr. Arron has favoured us with specimens, (which

were in great perfection in April, 1832,) and Mr. Cunnine-

HAM with some notes respecting the distribution of the

Genus over the Continent of Australia, where it is observed

that “it inhabits not only the southern coasts, but all parts

of the interior that have been hitherto explored.” “ Wher-

ever I landed,” continues that zealous and intelligent

Naturalist and Traveller, “ during my four and a half

years’ voyage with Capt. Kine, an Acacia was sure to

welcome me on my landing, and the last plant on which

the eye rested, on those inhospitable steppes, to which Mr.

Oxxey traced the Lachlan River, in 1827, (five hundred

miles inland from Sidney) was my Acacta -stenophylla, a

curious, slender tree, twenty-feet in height, with leaves

from twelve to fifteen inches in length.”

Fig. 1. Flower: magnified.

Swan JC

Luh or S Curkis, Glaxerarved Es Sex, dag? ? BPG?

8175"~)

PONIA OFFICINALIS, Va7. ANEMONIFLORA. ANE-

MONE-FLOWERED var. OF THE ComMMoN Pony.

JHbb se bHsibbeieiieiibok

~ Class and Order.

PoryanpriA TRIGYNIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Pzontaceg, )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5 sepalus foliaceus inequalis. Pet. 5—10 subor-

biculata. Stam. numerosa. Discus carnosus ovaria cin-

gens. Carpella 2—5, erossa, stigmatibus bilamellatis crassis

instructa, in folliculos capsulares conversa. Semina sub-

globosa nitida.—Radices fasciculate. Folia caulina biter-

_ mati secta. Flores ampli albi aut purpurascentes. D C.

Specific Character.

Pzonta officinalis; herbacea, carpellis tomentosis rectius-

~ culis, foliorum segmentis inequaliter laciniatis glabris,

laciniis ovato-lanceolatis. D C.

Pzonta officinalis (vid. t. 1784).

_ Far. anemoniflora. Tab. nostr. 3175.

This rich and very deeply-coloured Peony has been

- obligingly confiatiinsted fom the garden of the Rev.

J. T. Huntrizy of Kimbolton, who received it from the

Prince Dr Satm Dyck. It will be seen, that the stamens

re converted into narrow, acuminated and spirally twisted

etals, bearing the same relation to the original stock as

the Anemone-flowered, or Warratah Camellia does to the

true Camenira Japonica, and it is scarcely less beautiful in

its appearance.

WS. H. del. Pub. by 8. Curtis, Clazenwoed, kesex. dug? 1 1852

( 3176 )

MENZIESIA EMPETRIFOLIA. CROW-BERRY-

LEAVED MENZIESIA.

Ca ae ae ea oe

Class and Order.

Ocranpria Monoeynis.

( Nat. Ord.—Enricez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. profunde 4—5-fidus. Cor. 4—5-fida, ventricosa.

Stam. 8—10. Capsula 4—5-locularis, marginibus valyarum

inflexis dissepimenta. sistentibus.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

_ Menziesta * empetriformis ; foliis linearibus serrulatis, pe-

: dunculis aggregatis, floribus campanulatis erectis de-

candris, calycibus glabris obtusis basi gibbosis antheris

filamenta zquantibus. I

ENZIESIA empetriformis. Smith in Linn. Soc. Trans. v.

10. p. 380. Pursh, Fl. Americ. Sept. v. 1. p. 264.

Nuttall, Genera, v. 1. p. 252. Sprengel, Systema Veget.

v. 2. p. 202. wi

Descr. A small, erect shrub. Leaves (six lines long,

one line broad,) linear, on short, adpressed petioles, crowd-

_ €d, suberect towards the extremities of the branches, below

Spreading, when young, glanduloso-ciliated, afterwards

-Slabrous, with a few cartilaginous, small teeth, especially

. towards the apices, slightly channelled above, fleshy in

elr sides, midrib somewhat depressed, flattened, and

wrinkled.

-* Named by Sir J. E. Surv in compliment to Arca1paLp MEnz1Bs, -— :

the Companion of Capt. Vancouver in his Voyage round the world, _— ee

excellent of men and the most liberal of Botanists. Ts

wrinkled. Peduncles (half an inch long,) erect, glandular,

axillary, solitary, single-flowered, collected near the ex-

tremities of the branches, bibracteate at the base. Bractee

ovate, concave, crenate, opposite. Calyx pentaphyllous,

red without, green within, except on the edges, where it is

red, glabrous, ciliated with minute, white hairs; leaflets

blunt, wrinkled and gibbous at the base. Corolla (three

lines long, two broad,) reddish-purple, campanulate, erect,

glabrous, about three times as long as the calyx, five-tooth-

ed, teeth reflected. Stamens ten, of rather unequal length

alternately, about the length of the germen ; filaments rose-

coloured, flat, linear; anthers purple, oblong, narrower at

the upper end, as long as the filaments, connivent, grooved

along the sides, but bursting by two terminal pores, attach-

ed by their backs to the filaments. Pistil exserted ; stigma

of five connivent, triangular teeth; style slightly curved,

cylindrical, red; germen globular, green, glandular, five-

locular ; ovules very numerous, attached to a large, central

placenta.

This very distinct species of Mrnzres1a was raised at the

Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, from seeds communicated by

Mr. Drummonp, on his return from the last expedition to

North America under the command of Capt. Sir Jouy

Frangun, and, I believe, collected by Mr. Drummonp on

the Rocky Mountains. It first flowered in November, 1831,

but much more abundantly in May, 1832.

If Sir James Surru had seen the living plant, I think he

would have given a different specific character. The leaves

in the recent state are decidedly tumid, both above and

below, being depressed only along the middle rib on either

side. ( Graham.)

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Stamens. 3. Pistil, 4, 5. Leaves. 6. Branch of a

Plant in Fruit (from the Herbarium). 7. Capsule :—all but fig. 6 magnified.

377,

ELE. del.

Pab.by 8. Curtis,

> SWE 2

Glazenwood, Essex, Aug® 1.1852.

( 3177 )

ARBUTUS PILOSA. Hairy ArBurtus.

KERR ERE ERE EEE EEE RK

Class and Order.

Decanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Enrice. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-partitus. Cor. urceolata, limbo reflexo 5-dentato:

Anthere dorso bi-aristate. Bacca 6-locularis, placentis

laminas polyspermas sistentibus. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Argutus pilosa ; caule frutescente procumbente piloso, foliis

ovato-ellipticis ciliato-serrulatis coriaceis apice muticis

callosis, pedunculis axillaribus unifloris elongatis nu-

tantibus, antheris quadri-aristatis. Graham.

Arsurtus pilosa. Graham in Ed. New Phil. Journ. ined.

Descr. Stem branching from the root, prostrate, red,

tWigey, covered with thickset, harsh, spreading, rusty-

coloured hairs. Leaves (nine lines long, four and a half

broad) scattered, spreading, and being turned to the light,

are distichous, coriaceous, naked and shining on both sides,

dark green in front, pale behind, ovato-elliptical, with a

callous tip, but no mucro, veined, serrulate, each serrature

Seng tipped with a hair similar to those on the stem, a very

few also occasionally exist on or near the middle-rib behind.

Petioles short, subappressed, and with rather tumid, axillary

buds. Peduncles sparingly covered with a few fulvous

hairs, solitary in the axils of a few of the terminal leaves,

of which they are equal to one-half the length. Bractee

ovate, scattered upon the peduncle, adpressed, larger and

ewer upwards. Calyx five-cleft, persisting, white, gla-

ous within and without, spreading ; segments ovate, acute,

gibbous at the base. Corolla (three lines long,) po

Ww. 2

white, five-toothed, teeth blunt and revolute. Stamens ten,

arising from a small green disk ; filaments white, cover-

ed with minute pubescence, swollen immediately above

their origin, and there somewhat concave on their inner side,

subulate upwards ; anthers yellow, attached by their backs,

ovato-oblong, each loculament with two, small, ascending

awns, in front of which it opens by a pore. Stigma small,

red, terminal, very obscurely five-lobed. Style erect, cylin-

drical, included, colourless. Germen ovate, green, rather

more than half the length of the style, and equal to the

filaments, slightly covered with obscure pubescence, and

depressed on the top, where the style is inserted.

This species is nearly allied to ARBuTUs mucronata, which

flowered in the Botanic Garden lately, and is figured in

Bot. Mag. t. 3093, but is easily distinguished by the cha-

racter given above. They undoubtedly belong to the same

Genus, but whether they should be left as species of Arsu-

TUS, Or removed to GuatruErta or ARcTosTAPHYLOS, or erect-

ed into anew Genus, must be chiefly regulated by the fruit,

which I have not seen. I doubt whether the calyx, though

persisting, will become berried; as in GuatrueriA, but the

anthers are, as in that Genus, provided with four awns.

The present species is a native of Mexico, and was raised by

Mr. Neit from seed received from Mr. Don. From Mr.

Neitz we received it at the Botanic Garden. In both esta-

blishments it flowered during May, and is perfectly hardy.

Graham,

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Stamen. 3. Pistil :—magnified.

= yt 4

* Md \

CAINS

SEGA.

“4 20d, Essex, Aug? £ T8382.

Puéd. bys. Curtis rift.

HSH. del.

( 3178. )

FRANCOA APPENDICULATA. APPENDICUI

FRANCOA.

Seok sebokeakskokaskokskobaksbaoe

Class and Order. ee,

ite

OcranpriA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Gatnacinexw. Don. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 4-partitus, persistens, Pet. 4. Stam. 8 fertilia, to-

_ tidem sterilia minuta cum iis alternantia. Germen 4-sulca-

tum. Stigma sessile 4-lobatum. Capsula 4-loba, 4-locu-

laris, polysperma. Semina angulo interiori loculorum

Specific Character and Synonyms.

_ Francoa* appendiculata; caulescens, foliis lyratis denticu-

| latis utrinque pubescentibus, lobo terminali maximo

cordato obtuse angulato, floribus racemoso-spicatis.

Francoa appendiculata. Cavan. Icon. vi. 77. t. 596. Pers.

Synops. 1.445. Sprengel, Syst. Veget. v. 2. 262.

Francoa sonchifolia? Ad. Juss. Ann. des Sc, Nat. 3. 192.

$: 32. ead us

Descr. Root with several very leafy crowns. Stems short.

4 Leaves (eight inches long) petioled, lyrate, with soft,

2 ma Sagth glutinous pubescence on both sides, bullate, un-

dulate, strongly veined, denticulate, decurrent along the —

_ petiole ; Jobes blunt, the terminal one by much the largest,

_ (in a vigorous plant six inches long, four aud a half inches

broad) bluntly angled, cordate at the base. Mlower-stalk

_ (two feet high) terminal, scape-like, having a few leaves at_

_ the base only, erect, straight, round, slightly tapering,

: | t i's densely —

—

* Named in compliment to Francis Franco, a Physician and Botanist cod

densely covered with pubescence similar to that on the

leaves; from the axils on the stem-leaves and from a

bractea near the top arise solitary erect branches, in all

respects similar to the primary shoots, but smaller. Spike

(six inches long) racemose, flowers (half an inch long,

three-quarters of an inch across, when fully expanded)

rather dense, springing from the axils of lanceolato-linear,

green bractee. Calyx persisting, four to five-parted, green,

rather longer than the pedicel, segments ovato-acute, three-

nerved, glanduloso-pubescent within and without. Petals

four to five, twice the length of the calyx, obovato-ellip-

tical, channelled in front towards the short claw, keeled

behind, of a pale rose-colour, with a darker spot in the

-entre, becoming lighter after expansion. Stamens eight

to ten, shorter than the calyx, alternating upon an obscure

but nectariferous disk, with short diverging scales (abortive

stamens) ; filaments subulate, glabrous ; anthers yellow,

bilocular, oblong, bifid at both extremities, and slightly

diverging at the lower, bursting along the sides, pollen —

yellow, granules small. Germen superior, oblong, four to

five-furrowed, four to five-valved, and having as many

loculaments, formed by the inversion of the margins of the

valves. Stigma sessile, four to five-lobed, at first involute,

then spreading, peltate, fleshy, surface tubercled. Ovules

numerous, green, oblong.

This showy plant was introduced into the Clapton

Nursery from Chiloe by Mr. AnpEerson. From Clapton it

was obtained by Mr. Cunnincuam at Comely-bank, near

Edinburgh, and communicated to Mr. Nert’s garden at

Canonmills. In both these establishments, it flowered in

May 1832. I have no doubt of this being the species of

Cavanittes, and very little about its being that of JussiEv,

though the petals are figured (not described) by CAvANILLES

as acute, and though the flowers are said by Jussieu to be

without pedicels in his plant. The leaves correspond with

Cavanities’s, and the station is the same. His figure

represents the flowers as secund, and a dried specimen,

brought home by Mr. Anperson, and given to Mr. JAMES

Macnas, has the same appearance. Graham.

——————

Fig. 1, 2. Flowers. 3. Petal. 4. Stamens. 5. Pistil. 6. Stigma. 7-

Capsule (scarcely mature) with its Floral coverings (nat. size). 8. Cap-

sule separated from its Floral coverings. 9. ‘Transverse Section of ditto. 10.

Immature seeds : all but fig. 7, magnified.

( 3179)

ORNITHOGALUM CORYMBOSUM. PERUVIAN

: Star or BETHLEHEM. :

RH oakakeseaak

Class and Order.

Hexanpria Monoeynia.

. ~( Nat. Ord.—Aspnope.ea. )

Generic Character.

~ Cor. 6-petala patens. _ Filamenta basi dilatata recep-

faculo inserta. Caps. 3-locularis. Embryo axilis. Spr.

. Specific Character and Synonyms.-

Qestrnocaum corymbosum ; scapo tereti, floribus corym-

_ bosis, corolla magna, germine atro. Ruiz et Pavon.

OrnitHocatum umbellatum. Ruiz et Pav. Fl. Peruv. v. 3.

— —p. 68. t. 300. Lindl. in Hort. Trans. v. 6. p. 86, et in

_ Bot. Reg. t. 906. Schultes, Syst. Veget.v.7. p. 512.

Descr. Bulbs, according to Rui and Pavon, ovate,

tunicated, and proliferous. Leaves a foot or a foot and a

half long, linear, the apex acuminate, the sides involute,

those of the young bulbs very narrow. Scape two to three

feet high, terete, bearing a large, spreading, corymbose

raceme, in our specimens of from twelve to sixteen flowers,

two inches and a half in diameter, almost pure white. Petals

obtuse, oval, spreading, the three inner ones rather nar-

rower; the tips often bluntly two or three-toothed. Sta-

mens opposite to the petals. Filaments white, broadly

subulate, nearly erect. Anthers oblong, yellow. Germen

turbinate, six-lobed, glossy, black - green : Style rather

shorter than the germen : Stigma trigonal, downy. The

Pedicels are long, the lower ones especially, three inches and

more in length, and subtended by a rather large, cordate,

membranaceous, almost white, carinated bractea, attenuated

into a long green point. I

VOL, VI. K

I follow Ruiz and Pavon and Professor Linptey in keep-

ing this South American OrnitHoeAtum distinct from the O.

Arabicum of the Old World; although, as the latter author

observes, “ it is very like it, and perhaps a mere variety ;

remarkable, however, for being a native of a country far

distant from any in which O. Arabicum has yet been found.”

—Still it must be allowed, that no distinctive character can

be pointed out; and I cannot help suspecting, that it was

introduced into Chili (where it is apparently wild) and into

Peru (where it is only cultivated in gardens, and whence

our bulbs were sent by Mr. M‘Lean) by the early Spanish

visitors. Be this as it may, it isa most desirable acquisition

to our collections. The true O. Arabicum, if not a rare

plant, is, according to Mr. Gawxer (Bot. Mag. t. 728.) a

very shy flowerer ; while our bulbs blossom most readily,

and bear so many and such large flowers in each raceme,

that there is at this season of the year (March) scarcely a

more desirable inmate of the greenhouse. Its fragrant

flowers, we are told by Ruiz and Pavon, are used to orna-

ment the hair by the Peruvian females.

Fig. 1. Bractea. 2. Stamen. 3, Pistil.—magnified.

( 3180 )

ERIOSTEMON MYOPOROIDES. CusPIDATE

ER10OSTEMON.

a a ae ee ss os OO NO

Class and Order.

Decanpria Monoeynia.

q ( Nat. Ord.—Ruracea. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-partitus. Pet. 5. Stam. 10, filam. hispidis ciliatis

_ aut nudis, antheris terminalibus. Stylus 1 brevissimus.

_ Carpella 5 basi coalita. Semina in loculis 2 aut abortu soli-

_ taria. Embryo subcurvatus, radicula longa. DC,

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Ertosremon * myoporoides ; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis glau-

: cescentibus mucronatis subtus precipue glanduloso-

punctatis, racemis umbellatis 4—5-floris axillaribus

terminalibusque, calycibus petalisque glabris, fila-

mentis ciliatis.

Ertosremon myoporoides. De Cand. Prodr. v. 1. p. 720.

Eriosremon cuspidatum. Cunningham in Field’s N. S.

Wales, p. 331.

7 a

Descr. A robust, strong growing shrub, with numerous

_ branches, soon covered with glandular, or rather, resinous

_ Warts. Leaves two to three inches or more long, sessile,

_-‘Tigid, subcoriaceous, linear-lanceolate, dotted with glands,

Which are larger and evident to the naked eye beneath,

_ Costate, entire, tipped with a short, often curved mucro.

cemes axillary, shorter than the leaves, umbellate, of

im three to five moderately large white flowers. epee

* ‘por, wool, and ortuor, & stamen: so called from the hairy or fringed

ents to the stamens.

cles and pedicels glandular, the latter enlarged upwards,

Calyx very small, five-lobed. Petals five, oblongo-ovate,

spreading, glandular at the back, and marked with a red-

dish brown line. Stamens ten, alternately smaller, all

nearly as long as the style. Filaments subulate, white,

ciliated at the margin. Anthers mucronate, flesh-coloured,

the pollen deep red. Pisiil : Germen of five, deep, ovate,

acuminated lobes, glandular. Style about as long again as

the germen. Stigma capitate. A glandular ring surrounds

the base of the germen.

Discovered by Mr. Arran Cunninenam, on rocky hills in

the neighbourhood of Cox’s River, on the western side

of the Blue Mountains, New South Wales, flowering in

October; and sent to Kew in the year 1823, and given in

Mr. Fiexp’s “ New South Wales,” under the appropriate

name of E. cuspidatum. Mr. Cunnincuam could not pos-

sibly then have been aware that it was published the year

before by M. De Canvotze under the name by which Mr.

Arron has now sent it from the Kew Gardens, where it blos-

soms in the early spring. In New Holland its season of

flowering is October.

—

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Petal. 3. Stamen. 4. Pistil, with a portion of the

Pedicel and the Calyx. , P

WT Nae Vad det? Pub by

mn a mad Reece .¢ » t IRI

5 Curlas Glazenweod. Kesex. Sep

( 3181 )

ANDROMEDA TETRAGONA. Four-sIDED

ANDROMEDA.

eos ae bokokcokcokookeak skobeobeskeaiete

Class and Order.

Decanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Enricea. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-partitus. Cor. subcampanulata, limbo reflexo.

Anthere bicornes. Caps. 5-locularis, marginibus valvarum

nodis, columna centrali quinqueloba. Spr. |

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Anpromepa tetragona; foliis quadrifariam imbricatis ap-

-_-pressis subtriquetris obtusis glabris, pedunculis elon-

gatis solitariis unifloris, corollis campanulatis. Spreng.

Anpromepa tetragona. Linn. Fl. Suec. ed. 2. n. 356. Willd.

Sp. Pl. v. 2. p. 607. Wahl. Fl. Lapp. n. 200. Pursh,

: Fl. Am. 7.1. p. 290. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 289.

: ANDROMEDA pedunculis solitariis lateralibus, corollis campa-

| nulatis, foliis oppositis obtusis imbricatis revolutis.

Gmel. Fl. Sibir. v. 4. p. 120. n. 5.

_ Descr. Stem erect, woody, (about five inches high,)

-haked near the base, and marked by the scars of fallen

leaves, much branched ; branches suberect, the lower ones

decumbent at the base and rooting. Leaves (two lines

long) in four rows, closely imbricated, sagittate, concave in —

front, triquetrous, and furrowed over the midrib behind, —

blunt, slightly pubescent, particularly in native specimens, —

Sut the degree seems to vary, as does the colour, which is _

bright or dull green. Peduncles axillary, solitary, at first —

‘Short, afterwards elongated, slightly pubescent, sheathed —

With scales at the base. Flowers drooping : Calyx five-

: parted,

parted, greenish tipped with red, glabrous, persistent, seg-

ments gibbous at the base. Corolla white, campanulate,

somewhat contracted near the mouth, which is five-cleft,

the segments blunt and spreading. Stamens included ;

filaments shorter than the pistil, erect; Anthers yellow,

each with two slender, spreading, hispid bristles. Pistd

searcely longer than the stamens ; Stigma obtuse ; Style

persisting, straight, slightly tapering upwards. Germen

roundish-oval, obscurely four-lobed, depressed at the in-

sertion of the style, and surrounded at the base by a

wrinkled, glandular ring. Capsule erect, nearly globular,

glabrous, with five cells, the dissepiments arising from the

centre of the valves, which are inflected in their apices.

The seeds of this interesting little plant, which we hop

may yet be found indigenous to Britain, were kindly com

municated to the Botanic Garden of Edinburgh, by D

Ricuarpson and Mr. Drummonp, on the return from Nort

America of the last expedition, under the command 0

os gia Franxuin. It flowered for the first time in Apri

1832, in the same border with, though rather later than, its”

beautiful congener and native of the same country, ANDRO-

MEDA hypnoides. We have two varieties, of which only on

la Bi flowered to reward the judicious treatment of M

Fig. 1. Upper side of a leaf. 2. Under side of ditto. 3. Flower. 4

Stamen. 5, Calyx, including the Pistil. 6. Pistil—Magnified. 4

( 3182 )

~ Ruvinera corvurrouta. Nur-Leavep.

2 Ru.LIneiA.

Ce ae Se SS eo ee ee

Class and Order.

PenranpriA PEnrTAGYNIA.

( Nat. Ord.— Burrnertacez. )

Generic Character.

_ Petala 5, e cucullata basi ligulata. Stamina sterilia 5,

indivisa (Nectarium, Linn.). Ovarium 5-loculare ; locu-

lis dispermis. Capsula : septis duplicatis demum 5-parti-

bilis. Br. =

Specific Name and Character.

~ Ruuiera corylifolia ; foliis ovato - deltoideis subcordatis

basi lobatis supra hispidis subtus hirsuto-tomentosis,

stipulis ovatis acuminatis, corymbis oppositifoliis, fila~

mentis antheriferis simplicibus, sterilibus ovato-lance-

olatis alternantibus. Graham in Ed. N. Phil. Journ.

June 1832. aoe

‘eee our ne

Descr. A Shrub, branched from the base of the stem,

branches slightly flexuose, tomentoso-villous, and somewhat

Viscid. Leaves (two inches and a half long, two inches

broad) ovato-deltoid, slightly cordate, slightly lobed at the

, Serrato-crenate, rugose, pubescent on both sides, but

much more considerably behind, where also they are pele.

bright green above, and when fading, becoming red, being

very prominent behind ; petioles slightly channelled above,

Villous, much shorter than the leaves, bistipulate. Stipules

opposite, distinct from the petiole, ovate, acuminate, villous,

and with long cilia. Corymbs collected near the apices of i

the branches, densely covered with white hairs in the pri-

ma ivisions, each division having on the

mary and subsequent divisions, outside.

outside a lanceolate bractea. Flowers pedicellate, white. —

Calyx pentaphyllous; leaflets cordate, villous both within —

and without, but much more harshly without, somewhat —

reflected in their sides, and forming a prominent edge where |

they meet each other. Petals pubescent, much smaller —

than the calyx-segments, concave, gibbous at their base, —

their sides formed into two blunt, parallel wings, which —

aN towards the axis of the flower, apex extended into a _

lunt, linear appendage, at first curved towards the axis,

but afterwards bent back, and passing out between the

segments of the calyx. Stamens five (perfect), immedi-

ately within the petals, and alternating with the segments

of the calyx, shorter than the petals, and included within

their folds, alternating on the same urceolate border with,

and somewhat shorter than, the ovato-lanceolate scales

(abortive stamens), which are hairy on the outside, smooth

within ; filaments glabrous; anthers short, bilocular, bursting

along the sides. Pollen yellow, granules round. Stézgmas

cohering to each other, small, capitate, colourless, shining.

Styles five, glabrous, in contact in the centre of the flower,

scarcely longer than the stamens. Germen five-lobed in

its early stage, lobes conical and a little rough, afterwards

rounded, green, depressed in the centre, and densely cover-

ed with stellate pubescence, five-locular, dissepiments from

the edges of the valves, their two layers afterwards separat-

ing. Ovules two in each loculament, with a central ridge

of the valve between them, both attached to the central

column below its middle. Pubescence every where on the

plant stellate, except from abortion, when, as on the upper

surface of the leaves, it often appears single.

‘This plant was received last year by Mr. Nextt at Canon-

mills, and in the Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, from Mr.

Knicur on the King’s Road; both with Mr. Neira and

oa flowered freely in the greenhouse in May last. Gra-

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Flower, the Calyx, having been removed. 3. Petal.

4. Barren and fertile Stamens. 5. Side view of a Stamen. 6. Front view of

an Anther, 7. Back view of an Anther. 8. Pistils :—magnified.

HisppertTiaA CuNNINGHAMII. Mr. CUNNING-

HAMS HispperTtia.

Class and Order.

Potyanpris Potyeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Ditientacez. )

Generic Character.

Stam. numerosa libera filiformia equalia; anthere ovato-

oblonge. Ovaria 1—15; stylt filiformes inflexi. Carpella

membranacea dehiscentia, sepius 1—2-sperma. Semina

exarillata. DC.

Specific Character and Synonym.

Hiepertia Cunninghamii ; subvolubilis glabra, foliis alter-

nis linearibus basi cordatis amplexantibus marginibus

revolutis, staminibus exterioribus sterilibus, carpellis

5 glabris 4—5-spermis. _

Himzertia Cunninghamii. Ait. MSS. apud Hort. Reg. Kew.

—_—

. Descr. A somewhat twining shrub, with slender, branch-

Mg stems, clothed with reddish, smooth bark ; branches

slender, straggling, zigzag. Leaves two to three inches

long, glabrous, (as is the whole plant,) linear, more or less

acuminated, entire, broader and cordate at the base, and

Somewhat amplexicaul, spreading, the margins somewhat

Teflexed. Young leafy shoots often spring from the axils,

» Sela an appearance of the leaves being fasciculated.

wers axillary, solitary, large, handsome. Peduncles

an mch or more long. Calyx of five, imbricated, unequal,

teddish-green, ovate, at length reflexed leaves. Petals

"ight yellow, obovate, much waved, especially at the

Margins. Stamens yellow, in two or three series, the outer

of short, abortive filaments, the inner gradually larger,

and bearing perfect, oblong anthers. Pistils five. Germens”

ovate, glabrous, one-celled, with four or five ovules. Styles

curved, spreading. Stigmas obtuse, slightly capitate. q

This very pretty plant, which grows to the height of a_

foot and a half or two feet, and on a warm sunny day is”

almost covered with its bright yellow but fugacious blos-

soms, was introduced by Mr. Arian Cunnineuam from King |

George’s Sound to the Royal Gardens at Kew, whence it

was liberally communicated to the Glasgow Botanic Garden, -

under the name adopted; a name likely to be still more |

intimately connected with the Botany of New Holland, than |

it has even yet been, now that Mr. Ricnarp CunnineHAM is |

appointed to be the successor to Mr. Fraser, the late Colo- |

mal Botanist at Sydney, for which country he is very shortly |

to embark. |

- Fig. 1. Petal. 2. Stamens. 3. Pistils. 4. Pistil, with the Germen laid /

open to show the Ovules :—Magnified. |

—_

——

re.

ang ( 3184 )

REVILLEA ROBUSTA. GIGANTIC GREVILLEA.

SHR HIHSSkakskaeseakabakeake

Class and Order.

TerranpriA Monoeynta.

( Nat. Ord.—Proreacea, )

Generic Character.

__Perianthium ivregulare; foliolis laciniisve secundis ; api-

cibus cavis staminiferis; anthere immerse. Glandula

Nypogyna unica dimidiata. Ovariwm dispermum, Stigma

liquum depressum, (raro subyerticale, conicum.) Fol-

liculus unilocularis, dispermus, loculo centrali. Semina

marginata, v. apice brevissime alata. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

| Greviniea robusta ; foliis bipinnatifidis laciniis acutis: su- —

per glabris venosis subter canescentibus, racemis paui- —

culatis, perianthiis pistillisque glaberrimis, stigmate e —

__ basi dilatato oblique conico. Br. :

Grevittea robusta. Cunningham MSS. Br. Prodr. Suppl.

p. 24.

JREVILLEA venusta. Cunningham MSS. (non Br. Prodr.)

_Descr. This forms a gigantic tree, eighty to one hun-—

dred feet in height, bearing numerous reddish-brown, dense,

Tecurved branches, clothed with long bipinnated, rather

‘Tigid, somewhat coriaceous leaves, dark green above, and

glabrous, pale and silky with appressed hairs beneath; the

8 leaves silky all over. Racemes branched at their

e, hence somewhat panicled, elongated. Flowers slen-

r, unilateral, longer than the pedicels, glabrous, tawny

orange; lacinie curved, spathulate. _ :

For the drawing of this plant, which was made from a

Native specimen, (having never flowered in this cpantre aS

am indebted to Mr. Attan Cunnincuam. It was accompa-—

nied by a reduced sketch of the plant, which he introduced —

to the Kew Gardens, the only one in Britain ; but as it was

scarcely suited to the nature of this publication, it has been —

reluctantly omitted. ‘* This noble species of GreviLira,”

Mr. Cunnirneoam remarks, “ in the thick, moist woods on

the banks of Brisbane River, vies in size and stature with

the Flindersia, Oxleya, and other large forest trees: but by

none is it surpassed in height in its native woods, except by

the Araucaria of those regions, whose level-topped branch-

ing head is seen rising far above all the rest. Some aged

trunks of Grevitiea robusta 1 have found to measure nine

feet in circumference ; so that it is probably the largest

tree of the order that has yet been discovered, surpassing

both the Knieut1a of New Zealand, and the Orirss excelsa,

Br. of Port Macquarrie. From its deeply dissected foliage,

and the silkiness of the under-side, it has obtained the name

of “ Silk Oak’ among the pine-cutters of Moreton Bay ; but

its timber, which is of a tough fibre, has not been appro-

priated to any use.”’

Fig. J, Flower: magnified.

( 3185") ee

REVILLEA CANESCENS. Hoary GREVILLEA.

KKK KEK EE KEK KE KE KKK

Class and Order.

TrerranpriA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Proreaceg, )

Generic Character.

Perianthium irregulare; foliolis laciniisve secundis ; api-

cibus cavis staminiferis. Anthere immerse. Glandula

gyna unica dimidiata. Ovarium dispermum. Stigma

obliquum, depressum, (raro subverticale, conicum.) Fol-

liculus unilocularis, dispermus, loculo centrali. Semina

marginata, v. apice brevissime alata. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Grevitiea (Prycnocarpa) canescens ; foliis oblongo-obo-

vatis obtusis mucronulatis, super pubescentibus molli-

bus, subter velutinis incanis pilorum cruribus adscen-

dentibus, racemis recurvis, perianthiis sericeis laminis

acutis, pistillis tomentosis. Br.

REVILLEA canescens. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. Suppl. p. 18.

REVILLEA cinerea. Cunningh. in Field’s N. S. Wales, p.

329. (non Br. Prodr.)

Descr. A much-branched, large shrub, with telat

ash-coloured branches. Leaves alternate, upon extremely

iort petioles an inch and a half long, oblongo-obovate,

ther coriaceous, entire, obtuse, mucronate, pubescent,

green above, beneath very downy and pale grey. Racemes

terminating the branches, very downy, often bent down,

icels retflexed. Perianth pale green, hoary with a dense

own, of which the hairs are not appressed, curved like a

orse-shoe, swollen towards the apex, and then suddenl

d much acuminated so as to resemble the head and be

a bird, separated on the upper-side by a fissure reaching

own to the base; at the extremity it chiefly opens by a

transverse cleft, which gives that part still more the appear-

ance of a bird’s beak, within it is glabrous and dull orange-

coloured, yellow-green at the swollen base, which is filled

with honey. Stamens yellow, lodged in a cavity in each —

of the four segments near the apex ; filament very short.

Germen oblique, and as well as the long and thick style,

green and hairy. Nectariferous Gland deep yellow. Stig-

ma oblique, flat, green.

Communicated from the Royal Gardens of Kew, where it

was introduced by Mr, Attan Cunninenam in 1824, from

the banks of Coxe’s River and Rocky Hills beyond Bath-

urst, where that able and zealous Naturalist found it in the

summer of 1823, bearing both flowers and ripened fruit at

the same season. Mr. Brown, in the Supplement to his

Prodromus, notices, under GreviLLEA canescens, the great

affinity between it and the G. arenaria; in our specimens

(for both have been obligingly sent from Kew, and will

appear in this Magazine,) the segment of the perianth is

much more acuminated in the present species than in G.

arenaria: in the latter too the colour of the flowers is dingy

purple.

Fig.1. Bud. 2. Flower. 3. Section of the Perianth seen from within.

4, Pistil. Magnified.

WAU,

Pab by S.Curtiv Glagenwoed Fssex Get 2 7FE2

( 3186 )

SHMEA Mertensit. Mertens’ AScum@a.

Class and Order.

Hexanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Brome.iscez. )

Generic Character.

Bractee 3, in cyatho connate. Calyx superus. Petala

voluta, distincta, basi squamosa. Stamina basi peri-

thii inserta. Stylus filiformis. Stigmata linearia, con-

uta. Capsula baccata. Semina nuda. Lindl.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

MEA * Mertensii; racemo spicato denso pubescenti-

_ lanato, floribus glomerato-fasciculatis, bracteis univer-

salibus foliaceis coloratis, partialibus solitariis ventri-

coso-convolutis striatis calycibusque spina terminatis,

petalis acutissimis, foliis ligulatis acutis lepidotis spi-

_hoso-marginatis inferne convolutis. ;

HMEA Mertensii. Schultes, Syst. Veget. v. 7. p. 1272.

RomELIA Mertensii. Meyer, Fl. Essequib. p. 144. Spreng.

Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 21.

cr. Leaves radical, two feet and more long, erecto-

t, ligulate, acute, concave, coriaceous, dark-green

ve, paler and more yellowish beneath, on both sides

“otted with minute, membranaceous, white scales, not at

fasciculated, convolute below, the margins beset with

ig, deflexed, spinous teeth, of a dark-brown colour.

a foot or more long, terete, downy upwards, and

ere, and in the lower part of the spike, beneath the fasci-

of flowers, bearing several oblongo-lanceolate, mem-—

branaceous, —

asyun, a point, from the rigid points on the ealyces

VOL. vi. %

branaceous, spinoso-dentate, red, more or less downy, large

bracteas, which are soon reflected and withered. Raceme

nearly a foot long, stout, spicate, downy, composed of nu-

merous, glomerated or fasciculated flowers, each subtende

by a somewhat ventricose, green, striated, obtuse, down

circumvolute bractea, more than half as long as the flowe

which it closely embraces, having a strong and sharp dark-

purple spine, just below the point. Calyx superior, of three

erect, convolute, rather rigid, yellow, or greenish-yellow

sepals, each terminated by a dark-coloured, rigid spine.

Petals \inear, acute, bright and deep rose-red, longer than

the calyx, having two very obscure white scales near the

base, afterwards changing to orange. Stamens six ; three

on the base of the petals, and three alternating with them.

Filaments white, shorter than the petals: Anthers white, ob-

long-oval, with an acute point. Germen inferior, obovate,

slightly downy, green, three-celled, each cell bearing many

ovules attached to the upper part of the inner angle. Style

as long as the filaments, white. Stigmas three, linear, white,

downy, twisted. The fruit, which has been obligingly sent

to me since the plate was completed, by Mr. Snepuerp, and

too late to have the whole figured, is extremely beautiful,

consisting of numerous bright blue, ovato-acuminated ber-

ries, mixed with some white abortive ones, tipped with the

withered remains of the perianth, and all collected togethe

into a very compact oblong head. Each berry has three

cells, and several oblongo-pyriform brown seeds, suspended

from the top of the cells. Albumen between corneous and

farinaceous. Embryo small, situated near the hilum.

For the introduction of this beautiful Bromeliaceous plant to the Bo-

tanic Garden of Liverpool, we are indebted to the great friend an

patron of that Institution and of Botany in general, C. S. Parker, Esq.

who, whilst on a visit to Demerara, sent it, with many other rarities,

from that country, where it is parasitical upon trees. Its noble yellow:

green spikes, tipped with richly-coloured, erect, protruded portions o

the petals, and the large red bracteas at the base, render this plant

most desirable inmate of the stove. It flowers in March and April.

: Ph oy Dr. Scuutrezs in referring this plant to Alcumxa, whic

- Linpiey distinguishes from Bituseraia, by the three bracteas of

Mie wieaitae into a single cup-shaped one. This part, in our

? IStL i 11 id iP]

UBiesaiedte netly cup-shaped than in Ruiz and Pavon’s origin

i a Fascicle of Flowers. 2. Single Flower with its Bractea. 3. Inner

view a Bractea. 4. Flower. 5. Ditto, from which the Calyx has been

8.8. B : te Fetal and two Stamens. 7. Germen cut through horizontally.

10. ‘Vertiser nat. size. 9. Section of a Berry, the Seeds being removed.

IL, Seed. 12 Sonik * Berry showing two of the Cells filled with Seeds.

‘At. Seed, 12, Section of ditto : all but 8. 8. more or less magnified.

"scot

acl*

Pad: by

J Curtis Slascrwved. Zssex, Oct? 1939

(eG BI8F, 2

CaLocuriLus camprstris. Frenp Carocnitus.

Jeb Sbslbbbbbniok

Class and Order. | :

GynanprrA Monanpria.

( Nat. Ord.—Orcues. )

Generic Character.

Perianthium ringens, foliolis lateralibus exterioribus la-

bello suppositis; interioribus sessilibus minoribus erectis.

Labellwm longius, sessile, acuminatum, disco intus margin-

ibusque barbatum. Anthera stigmati parallela, persistens.

Herbe glabre. Bulbi indivisi, nudi. Folia caulina

pauca, infimum canaliculatum, reliqua abbreviata. Spica

racemosa, rara, floribus porrectis rufis majusculis. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Catocnitus* campestris; labello perianthio parum longiore,

acumine semilanceolato lamina 5-plo breviore, colum-

na basi biglandulosa, bracteis ovarium superantibus,

spica 4—8-flora. Br.

CaLocuitus campestris. Br. Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. p. 320.

Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 3. p. 713.

Descr. Bulbs two, oblong, undivided. Stem a foot or

More high, rounded, erect, bearing two or three linear,

acuminated, channelled, sheathing leaves, the lower one

the longest. Spike racemose, of from five to eight extremely

beautiful flowers, large in proportion to the size of the

plant, and standing forward at right angles with the rachis;

each subtended by a bractea longer than itself, Calyx,

or three outer segments of the perianth, ovate, subacumi-

hate, green, concave, the two lower, or anterior ones, placed

beneath

———

* xaos, beautiful, and xer0s, a lip, from the labellum being clothed with

®xceedingly beautiful hairs.

beneath the lip, two inner ones similar in shape, but smaller,

more inclining to yellow and streaked with red. Lip

‘than the perianth, ovato-lanceolate, acuminate, the

point reflexed, deep go niger at the base, the whole disk —

and margin covered with rich, velvety, yellowish-brown

hairs, purplish-red in the centre. Germen club-shaped,

twisted, stalked.

It is to be regretted that, notwithstanding the great num-—

ber of Australian plants, which are now the pride and orna-_

‘ment of our collections, but few of the terrestrial OrcuipEa |

have been sent to this country ; and we therefore learn with |

much satisfaction, that Mr. Anperson, the Botanical Col-_

Sao ctor in Captain Kine’s late voyage of discovery, who is—

_ recently gone to New Holland, will particularly direct his_

attention to this singular and beautital tribe, and transmit |

their roots to England. ,

_ it plant is one eminently worthy of cultivation, —

_and is probably of frequent occurrence in its native soil. —

_ Mr. Brown, its original discoverer, found it not only about

- Port Jackson, but in the tropical parts of New Holland,

and Mr. Avian Connixenam gathered it on stony hills, near

- Bathurst. Our drawing was made from the living plant in

Van Diemen’s Land, by Dr. Joun Scorr, who detected it

in low, shaded grounds ; but who observes, that it is rarely

Mr. Brown remarks, that the Genus is nearly allied to

ance —

1. Column and

2. if. yee Germen, with the two inner Segments of the Perianth.

Pub by § Curtis Glazen

TAG (S168. an

| Symenyron Caucasicum. Caucasian

s Comrrey. “a

THR eHbeeeebiebiieieis

Class and Order.

Pentanprta Monoeynia.

eae eg

( Nat. Ord.—Boraeineg, )

1 Generic Character.

Cal. -5-partitus. Cor. cylindrico -campanulata, fauce

fornicibus subulatis in conum conniventibus clausa. Nuces

basi perforate, Spreng.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

_Sympnyrum * Caucasicum; caule ramoso inferne hirsuto

superne glutinoso, foliis ovato-lanceolatis basi atte-

: nuatis semidecurrentibus hirsutis, calycibus obtusis.

_ Sympnyrum Caucasicum. Marsch. Bieb. Fl. Tauric. Cauce.

| —Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 1. p. 563. Graham in Kd.

New Phil. Journ. June, 1832.

ite

Descr. Stem (two feet high) hairy near the bottom,

higher up pubescent and viscous, slightly winged, flexuose,

branched. Leaves ovato-lanceolate, hairy on both sides,

but less harshly on the upper, and there, when young, sub-

viscid, half-decurrent, the lower ones attenuated at the base,

the upper pair oblique, sessile, and alternate. Racemes

terminal, geminate, many-flowered, secund, and involute,

common peduncle and pedicels gland uloso-pubescent. Calyx

angled, the angles and blunt teeth ciliated ; when in fruit,

distichous. Corolla at first red-purple, but losing this co-

our as soon as it expands, and acquiring a lively rsa

7% 1ue 5

ee eee

\ . * = 7

aos ouupuw, to unite, from the supposed healing virtues of some of ed :

Species,

hue; tube longer than the calyx, sparingly and minutely

pubescent on the outside, having a white, fleshy, narrow

edge projecting internally from its base over the disk, teeth

of the limb blunt and revolute in their edges, teeth of the.

throat erect, blunt, and having short, chrystalline cilia on_

their edges. Stamens included, about as long as the teeth ;_

filaments purplish ; anthers yellow, rather shorter than the

free portion of the filaments, bifid at both extremities. Pis-_

“il rather longer than the stamens; stigma bilobular,

rounded ; style slightly tapering, glabrous, lilac; germen—

light yellowish-green, seated on a white disk. The unripe —

Achenia are rough, irregularly depressed over their surface ;

and each is raised on a sandglass-shaped portion of the |

disk, the upper lobe of which projects from its lower side

a simple row of short, dependent, subulate hairs.

The seeds of this plant were received at the Royal Bota- —

nie Garden, Edinburgh, from Dr. Fiscuer, under the name —

here adopted, in 1830, and they blossomed, for the first —

time, in May, 1832. The profusion of lively-coloured —

flowers in this kind of Comfrey, which is less deformed by —

coarseness of herbage than others, makes it one of the most —

desirable for cultivation. Graham. 3

eS ee et siti

et ee

———

nifed 1. Flower. 2. Two of the Scales of the Corolla and Stamens : mag- —

, ae

Pub

Cartas (heat weed Anson. Cet! Liety

Kerngee okt

Sie CO SESB «9

CENOTHERA speciosa. Larer, wiire-

FLOWERED EVENING-PRIMROSE.

Class and Order.

Octranpria Monoeynta.

( Nat. Ord.—Onageraria. )

Generic Character.

Cal. tubulosus, 4-partitus, deciduus. Petala 4. Capsula

__ cylindrica vel prismatica, 4-locularis. Semina nuda cortice

fungoso placenta columnari centrali affixa. Spreng.

Specific Character and Synonyms. —

(ENoTHERA speciosa ; puberula, caule suffruticoso, foliis

oblongo-lanceolatis utrinque attenuatis serratis sub-

pinnatifidisque nervosis subtus pubescentibus, floribus

racemosis, racemo nudo primum nutante, petalis ob-

cordatis stamina equantibus (seu longioribus,) ecapsu-

lis obovatis angulatis. D C.

(ENorHERA speciosa. Nutt. in Journ. of Sc. Phil. v. 2. p.

119. Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 80. De Cand. Prodr. v. 3.

p. 50. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 230. Sweet, Br.

Fl. Gard. v. 3. t. 253. ee |

Descr. Root perennial. Stem three to four feet higi

slender, weak, flexuose, suffruticose, rough with minu

pubescence, cylindrical, green, slightly branched. _ Le

distant, scattered, broadly lanceolate, attenuated at #

se, denticulato-serrate at the margin, acute, nerved,

brous above, minutely pubescent beneath. Flowers i

terminal racemes, at first drooping. Peduncle very sho t,

with a small, narrow, foliaceous bractea at the base. C

superior, tubular at the base; the limb of four linear

ments, but adhering for the greater part of their length, |

opening —

opening entirely, only on one side to admit the expansion

of the corolla, and standing out nearly horizontally. Petals

four, placed upon the summit of the tube of the calyx,

very large, obversely cordate, spreading, waved, pure white,

yellow at the base, and sending upwards several yellowish-

green, slightly diverging nerves, becoming rose-coloured

previous to decay. Stamens eight, inserted just within the

tube of the calyx. Filaments nearly equal in length to the

corolla, erect, alternately shorter. Stamens long, linear,

placed transversely, with their centre on the top of the fila-

ment. Pollen yellow, cohering together, and hanging

attached to the stamens, stigmas, and style, m great abund-

ance, after the bursting of the cells. Germen inferior,

subclavate, but slightly attenuated at both ends, and qua-

drangular, pubescent. Style filiform, longer than the sta-

mens. Stigmas four, spreading cross-wise, linear, afterwards

pendent.

As I suspected, when I first described this plant, ten years

ago, in the Exotic Flora, this fine and fragrant species of

Evening Primrose has proved perfectly hardy, producing

its lovely cream-coloured blossoms, which change to rose-

colour in decay, in the open border, during the months of

July and August. It was discovered by the American

Yotanst, Mr. Nurrat, on the plains of the Red River, in

Arkansa territory of North America, and communicated

to the Glasgow Botanic Garden by Mr. Dick, of Phila-

delphia, who kindly transmitted some seeds, which had

ripened under his own care. Like some other species of

this Genus, the scent of the blossoms is most powerful in

the evening.

The flowers continue many days in perfection, and are

most fully expanded at the approach of night.

Fig. 1,2. Leaves: nat. size.

( 3190 )

TROPEOLUM PENTAPHYLLUM, FIVE-FINGERED

InpIAN-CREss.

i ee So es ee nn On a os NO

Class and Order.

Ocranpria Monoeynta.

( Nat. Ord.—Troprzoxez. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-partitus, lobo superiore calcarato. Petala 5 inw-

qualia, 3 inferiora minora aut evanida. Stam. 8 ab ipsa

basi libera. Carpella 3, suberosa, reniformia, indehiscentia

hine sulcata rotundata. Semina magna, exalbuminosa,

loculum suum implentia et hujus cavitati conformia. Em-

bryo magnus: cotyledonibus 2, rectis, crassis, junioribus

distinctis, dein arcte conferruminatis et etiam cum ermo-

dermate adhzrentibus, ima basi subdistinctis : radi a intra

cotyledonum processus latente, tubercula 4 mox radicellas

_ proferentia gerente. De Cand.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Troprorum pentaphyllum ; foliis digitato-quinatis, foliolis

ovalibus integerrimis petiolatis, petalis duobus subro-

tundatis subsessilibus calyce multo brevioribus.

Tropzo.um pentaphyllum. Lam. Encycl. Method. v. 1. p.

612. Mlustr. t. 277. fig. 2. Willd. Sp. Pl. 2.299. Pers.

Syn.0.1.p.405. De Cand. Prodr. v. 1. p. 684. mg

Syst. Veget. ». 2. p. 226. Graham in Ed. New Phil.

Journ. 1832.

‘eee

Descr. Root tuberous, large, oblong. Stem slender,

Sem elongated, slightly twisted, round, glabrous, co-

oured, branched. Leaves (about two inches across) pe-

tioled, digitate, of five oblong, entire, petiolate, soft, gla-

brous, spreading leaflets. Common petiole (two inches long) —

twisted in form of a tendril, and forming the chief support

of the stem, as well as the partial petioles and the veins of

the leaf, purple and glabrous: partial petioles bordered by

the decurrent leaflets. Peduncles (four inches long) solitary,

axillary, longer than the leaves, purple, glabrous, thicken-

ing upwards, pendulous. Calyx (an inch and a quarter

long) persisting ; spur horizontal, fleshy, dull purple on

the outside, yellow within, nectariferous, conical, till to-

wards its apex, when it is contracted, thinner, and somewhat

shrivelled, the apex being ovato-acute, fleshy and erect ;

limb (seven lines and a half across) five-parted, green,

brighter and spotted or streaked with deep purple within,

segments ovato-acute, the uppermost the narrowest, the

two next to it the broadest. Petals two, small, roundish,

subunguiculate, reflected, bright vermillion-coloured, in-

serted into the throat of the calyx on each side of the upper

segment. Stamens eight, longer than the calyx-segments ;

filaments subulate, declined, closely streaked or spotted

with purple, in the bud erect, turned out between the calyx-

segments after the pollen is shed; anthers four-sided, ob-

long, truncated above and below, green; pollen green.

Germen yellow, glabrous. Style yellow, three-sided, shorter

than the stamens. Stigmas three, acute, diverging. Fruit

tricoccous, glabrous, even.

~ Of this plant Mr. Neu received at his garden at Canon-

mills a tuber, gathered by Mr. Tweens, in 1829 ; it pushed

out some feeble shoots, and is still plump and alive, though

growing feebly ; thus settling a question of which De Can-

DOLLE was doubtful,—that the species is perennial. A cut-

ting taken from it, and growing vigorously, flowered most

freely, in the greenhouse for the first time, during June and

July, 1832, and will probably ripen its seeds. From Mr.

Tweenie I have excellent native specimens, gathered in

hedges near Buenos Ayres. Its taste is very similar to that

of TrorpzoLum majus, but less pungent, and not so agree-

able. Graham.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Stamen. 3, Pistil: magnified.

3195

7 +

T Curtis t ay ara) : . yo, Q ‘ 3

Curtis de: lub by S Curtis Glaxenweed HKssex Oct? 11832 Swarr S

( 3191 )

Tecoma SrTans. ASH-LEAVED TEcomMa, —

See eal sokestabe babe sbatesbstiae

Class and Order.

Dipynam1a ANGIOSPERMIA.

( Nat. Ord.— Bienontacem. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-dentatus. Corolla subcampanulata, ore 5-lobo

inequali. Stam. 4, didynama: filamento quiuto. sterili

breviore. Capsule dissepimentum contrarium. _

Fratices, raro arbores. Folia opposita tmpari-pinnata v.

digitata. Flores paniculati. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Trcoma* Stans ; fruticosa, follis pinnatis glabris, foliolis

lanceolatis acuminatis profunde serratis, racemis ter-

minalibus. }

Tecoma Stans. Juss.—Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 834.

Bicnonra Stans. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 871. Willd. Sp. Pl. ».

3. p. 302.

Bicnonia fruticosa, &c. Browne, Jam. p. 264.

Arbor, flore luteo, fraxini folio. Plum. Ic. t. 54.

Apocyno affinis, &c. Sloane, Jam. v. 2. p. 63.

Descr. A shrub, growing, according to authors, in its

Native country, to a height of eight or ten feet. Leaves

opposite, stalked, pinnated with about three pairs of oppo-

site, lanceolate, acuminated, deeply serrated, veiny, sessile,

Slabrous leaflets, dark-green above, paler beneath. Ra-

cemes of few flowers, terminal. Flowers large, handsome,

golden-yellow, faintly striated. Calyx small, campanulate,

ve-toothed. Corolla rather infundibuliform than cam-

: panulate ;

—enaeneenen

* From Tecomawochitl, the Mexican name of one of the species.

panulate; the twbe long, very slender at the base, gra-

dually widening upwards; the limd large, of five broad,

roundish, reflexed lobes. These flowers are succeeded by

linear capsules, six to seven inches long, straight or slightly

curved, coriaceo-membranaceous, remarkably compressed

at their sides, so that each of the two valves into which the

capsule opens constitutes a deep carina, into which the mar-

gins of the dissepiment are inserted, so that the dissepiment

is contrary to the valves. Seeds numerous, imbricated

upon the dissepiment on both sides and for its whole length,

remarkably thin, and surrounded by a delicate membrane,

much lengthened at both extremities.

Notwithstanding that this beautiful plant has been intro-

duced to our gardens more than a century ago, it has never

yet found a place in any of our botanical periodical publi-

cations. Perhaps its blossoms are of rare occurrence in

our collections. I have never myself seen them in a recent

state ; and I describe the plant partly from dried specimens

sent to me by Mr. Joun Locxuarr, from Trinidad, and

rtly from the drawings made by Mr. Joun Curtis, in

820; but from what collection is not stated. It is a na-

tive of the West India Islands, and of course requires the

heat of the stove; where, according to the Hortus Kew-

ensis, Its season of blossoming is August.

Tecoma differs from Bienonsa chiefly in the dissepiment

ise ater contrary to the valves, instead of pa-

illic, ult

AWA

Wot. del* Lub: by 8. Curits Claxemwood tssexNévill832 Swan Se

( 3192 )

ALPINIA? MAGNIFICA. MAGNIFICENT

ALPINIA.

REEREREEEEEEEEEE EERE

Class and Order.

Monanpria (rather Dranprta) Monoeynta.

( Nat. Ord.—Scrraminez. )

Generic Character.

Anthera duplex stylum amplectens. _Filamentum erec-

tum, simplex, anthera brevius. Corolle labium inferius

unilabiatum. Rose.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Atpinta magnifica* ; scapo laterali, floribus numerosis in

receptaculo communi aggregatis, labio angusto lineari

apice ovato rubro albo-marginato, filamento styloque

pubescentibus. Rose. . ,

Aurinia magnifica. Bojer’s MSS. apud Herb. nostr. Roscoe

Pl. Monandr. cum Ie.

Descr. Root large and thick, creeping, forming many

knots and tubers, from the upper side of which arise the

stems and scape, while from beneath are sent out several

rather stout fibres. Stems ten to twelve feet high, erect,

rigid, and thick in the lower part, narrower above, leafy.

aves few, oblong, acute, with a midrib, and many oblique,

rather closely-placed, parallel nerves ; the petiole, (if it may

‘be so termed) forming a long sheath around the stems.

Scape five to six feet high, very stout, leafless, sheathed ;

the uppermost sheath is dilated, and forms a large, leafy,

green

Sea

—aee

————

* In honor of Prosper Auprnus, a Venetian, and Professor of Botany at

Bologna towards the close of the sixteenth century,

VOL. VI. M

bractea, within Which the splendid head or dense

capitate spike of. “flowers is produced. This is rendered the

more striking from its numerous bracteas of a fine deep rose-

red colour, all margined with a white line, the owfer ones

exceedingly large and spreading, often reflexed, three or

four inches in Sails ovate, acute, gradually becoming

more obtuse as they are more internal, always barren ;

suddenly the bractee become smaller, oblong, very obtuse,

erect, imbricated and fertile. Flowers shorter than the

bractew, cylindrical, about an inch long: each consists of

a small, inferior germen, slightly downy, three-celled, each

cell with two vertical rows of ovules placed upon the disse-

piment at a distance from the inner angle. From the top of

this arise the floral coverings, combined with the filament

of the stamens into a tube having a sort of cavity or necta

at the base within. Calyx of three imbricated, unequal,

delicate, membranaceous, conyolute, oblong leaves. Corolla

of one piece, broadly ovate, deep purplish-red, convolute,

enclosing the stamen, of which the lower part of the fila-

ment is membranaceous, (where it combines with the floral

coverings,) the upper part broad, deep red-purple, thick,

emarginate, the sides involute, enclosing the style and the

yma till the latter rises above it by the prolongation of

the style: within, near the margin, are two yellow, one-

elle » linear-oblong anthers, opening by a longitudinal

fissure, and containing pollen in globular grains. Style

filiform, white, having a two-lobed gland at its base.

Stigma red, capitate, compressed, having on one side a

transverse, green, depressed spot, which receives the pollen.

This collection of flowers with the richly coloured bractee

Soon withers, and is succeeded by a large head of fruit,

formed of many capsules, each as large as a chestnut, nearly

globose, or obscurely three-lobed, downy, terminated by the

withered floral coverings, and intermixed with the equal

withered and ragged bracteas. These I have not seen wit

rlect seeds; but I have the opportunity of representing

| ne and a section of a ripe capsule through the kindness

of Mr. 'Tetrarr and M, Boser. 'The latter capsule is three-

celled, and contains numerous seeds apparently attached to

branched funiculi (enveloped in pulp?) Seeds pear-shaped,

having an arillus at the base, a copious albumen, and an em-

bi the hil shape as the seed, with its radicle pointing

n the month of August of the present year, Lord MrzTos

was so kind as to Bitiitoicate: to aie the splendid spe-

cimen

cimen here figured of Atpinta magnifica, which blossomed

in his Lordship’s stove at Wentworth. All that was hitherto

known in Europe of this most rare plant was from a drawing

and a dried specimen sent to me by Cuartes Tetrarr, Esq.

from the Mauritius, where the plant is a native ; and whic

was published in the work on Scitaminee of the lamented

Roscor. Little did I then think, that in a few years we

should see flowering specimens from our own stoves. But

roots were, through the medium of Mr. Trxrarr, intro-

duced by the late Mr. Barczay, and sent to Lord Mixron’s

collection, where, says Mr. Cooper, (through whose skill

this plant has been brought to such perfection) “ it blos-

somed for the first time in August, 1832. The scape

rises up from under the leaf-stem, which is ten or twelve

feet high, and about five inches in girth at the bottom.”

Professor Bosrr of the Mauritius has suggested the pro-

priety of constituting this a Genus distinct from ALPINIA,

and I am quite inclined to agree with that Naturalist; but

as I have not had the opportunity myself of seeing perfect

fruit, and am too little acquainted with the structure of

the allied Genera from an examination of recent specimens,

I willingly leave to that able Botanist, who has living indi-

viduals at his command, the honor of establishing the dis-

criminating characters ; contenting myself with laying be-

fore the public a figure and description, however imperfect,

of one of the noblest plants that has graced the pages of the

Botanical Magazine.

Fig. 1. Flower and Bractee. 2. The same, from which the Calyx is re-

moved, nat. size. 3. Front view of fig. 2. 4. Flower, the Calyx and Co-

rolla being removed. 5. Entire Flower, magnified. 6. Staminal a

and base of the Floral Tube. 7. Upper part of the Staminal Filament,

the two one-celled Anthers. 8. Base of the Styles, with the glandular eng

the Germen. 12. Head of Capsules, nat. size. A. Section of a — 2

sule. 14 and 15. Vertical and transverse Sections of the Seed, with the —

“ arillus” at the base (from Professor Boser and Mr, TELFAIR s drawings).

—all but fig. 1, 2, and 12 more or less magnified.

w J He dle

Prob: by 8. Curtis

Glaxenw

a Esses Voa-L7 932

Swan 58 4

( 3193 )

ASTRAGALUs ALopEcUROIDES. FOX-TAIL -

A Mivx-Vetcn. Mita

Si a oe ss os OS Os OR

Class and Order.

Diapetpnia DeEcanpriA.

( Nat. Ord.— Lecuminosz. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 5-dentatus. Cor. carina obtusa. Stamina diadelpha.

Legumen biloculare aut semibiloculare, sutura inferiore in-

_troflexa. D C.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Astracaus alopecuroides ; caulescens suberectus, foliolis

ovato-lanceolatis pubescentibus, stipulis ovato-lanceo-

latis acuminatis, spicis ovato-oblongis sessilibus, caly-

cis laciniis setaceis tubo brevioribus corollam fere

equantibus. DC.

Astracatus alopecuroides. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1064. De

Cand. Prodr. v. 2. p. 294. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 3.

_ p. 297. De Cand. Astragal. n. 66. —

Asrracatus Alopecurus. Pall. Astragal. t. 8. De Cand.

Astragal. n. 67.

Descr. Perennial. Stems assurgent, rather stout,

branched, zig-zag, angular, woolly, leafy. Leaves a span

or more long, alternate, remote, pinnated : Pinne almost

an inch long, alternate, ovato-elliptical, upon a very short

stalk, rather dark green, and almost glabrous above, downy

and paler beneath. Rachis woolly. Stipules very large

and glabrous, membranaceous, from a broad base, lanceo-

late. Flowers axillary, sessile, in a large, broadly-cylin-_

drical spike or head, bracteated, the outer bractee nia

large, ovato-acuminate, the inner or upper ones gradual

” inf

smaller, at length almost subulate. a i e

membranaceous, densely clothed with long white wool,

having five nearly equal, subulate teeth, shorter than the

tals. Corolla \emon-coloured. Vexillum somewhat re-

flected, oblong, attenuated into a claw. Ale and Carina

with very long claws; the latter more deeply coloured :

Germen ovate, very hairy. Style long, filiform. Stigma

obtuse.

This is a very handsome species of Astracauus, and de-

serves a place in every collection of plants. Yet it does

not appear to be common in our gardens, though intro-

duced from Spain nearly thirty years ago, and though it is

perfectly hed, :

Fig. 1, Flower, 2. Vexillum. 3. Ale. 4. Carina. 5, Pistil :—magnified.

t fight WL, oo eee ~

j AB ANTE RORST OLE Te ee we meee =~ ~

{

{ {

SWewess ae tie

titel

Se el .

hp Spey

Te ae

( 3194 )

STYLIDIUM HIRSUTUM. Hairy Sryuipium.

Class and Order.

GyYNANDRIA T'ETRANDRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Sryuipiez. )

Generic Character.

Calyx bilabiatus. Cor. irregularis, 5-fida, lacinia quinta

(labello) dissimili, minore, deflexe: (raro porrecta,) reliquis

patentibus (raro geminatim coherentibus). Columna re-

clinata, duplici flexura; Antheris bilobis, lobis divarica-

tissimis ; Stigmate obtuso, indiviso. Capsula bilocularis,

dissepimento superne quandoque incompleto. Br.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Styuipium hirsutum ; scapo hirsuto villis acutis, racemo

subsimplici, calycis labio (3)-partito, capsula ventricosa

ovata, foliis linearibus basi attenuatis margine parum

recurvis, squamis scariosis distinguentibus interiori-

busque acuminatis. Br.

Sxbitune hirsutum. Br. Prodr. Flor. Nov. Holl. 568,

Sp. Plant. 3.747. Graham in Ed. New Phil. Journ,

1832. ’ ;

ain

Descr. Root of strong, hard, branching fibres. Leaves

(six inches long) all radical, linear, glabrous, firm in their

texture, edges revolute, attenuated at the base, interspersed

with scariose glabrous scales, which become larger towards

the innermost ones, these being terminated with a point re-

sembling the leaves, but shorter. Scape (nine inches high)

erect, simple, rather longer than the leaves, covered, espe-

Cially at the base, with long, spreading, colourless, acute

(not glandular) hairs, smoother upwards. aceme (an inch

and half long,) spicate, the uppermost flowers expanding

first, each rising from the axil of a lanceolate, green bractea,

which

which is covered with hairs similar to those on the scape.

Pedicels hairy, half the length of the primary bractez, and

having secondary lateral bracteze. Calyx bi- or tri-partite ;

tube very hairy, having both pointed hairs and others which

are shorter and glandular ; segments connivent, blunt, hav-

ing glandular hairs only, the two outer the largest and

broadest. Corolla purplish rose-coloured, yellow in the

throat, covered as well as the calyx on the outside with

glandular pubescence, the four larger segments nearly

ual, spreading, flat, channelled in the centre, and slightly

_crisped on the edges, the two next the labellum rather the

narrowest, and each having one erect, ovate, entire tooth

at its base, of similar colour with the rest of the corolla,

the two others green at their base on the outside, and fur-

rowed in the throat, the groove with prominent, erect, pu-

bescent edges; labellum deflected from the inside of the

calyx between the lips, small, ovate, acute, yellow, with a

purple, crisped, and crenate edge, its appendices blunt,

spreading, and much shorter than itself; tube pale yellow,

twisted, equal to the longest segments of the calyx, the

whole of the inside and the upper surface of the limb pre-

senting, under the microscope, a beautiful crystalline ap-

pearance. Column linear, flat, equal in length to the limb,

dark red in front, yellow behind, glabrous, very irritable,

bordered at its lower part. Anthers leaden-coloured, pollen-

granules lilac, minute, ovate. Stigma of a dull green colour,

oblong, glandular, surface crystalline. Germen ovate, bi-

locular, dissepiment imperfect above. Ovules very numer-

ous, attached to a central receptacle, in the lower part of

the dissepiment wanting.

This species has newly come into cultivation, and its

flowers are larger than any in our gardens. I owe to the late

Mr. Fraser, Colonial Botanist, a native specimen collected

at King George’s Sound, on the south coast of New Hol-

land ; and from seed taken off one that was sent at the same

time to Mr. Macnag, the plant here described was raised. It

blossomed in the greenhouse of the Royal Botanic Garden

in May, and will continue to bear flowers during the early

part of June. Graham.

Fig. 1. Front view of a Flower. 2. Back view of ditto.— Magnified.

3195.

, cman Se

WTA det? Pub by §. Curtis Claxenmoed Es sex Nix: 1/832 :

( 3195 )

ACACIA RUSCIFOLIA. Butcner’s-Broom-

LEAVED ACACIA.

ea eee Ge oe

Class and Order.

Potyeamia Monaecia.

( Nat. Ord.—Lxeuminosz. )

Generic Character.

flores polygami. Cal. 4—5-dentatus. Pet, A—5, nune

libera, nunc in corollam 4—5-fidam coalita. Stam. numero

varia, 1O—200. Legumen continuum, exsuccum, bivalve.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Acacta ruscifolia ; stipulis spinosis deciduis, phyllodiis ver-

ticillatis sparsisve ovatis ovato-lanceolatisve acutis

mucronatis obscure 2—3-nerviis, mucrone recto pun-

gente, spicis (cylindraceis) solitariis axillaribus pedi-

cellatis, pedicello phyllodii dimidium aquante, ramulis

marginibusque superioribus phyllodiorum cinereo-

hispidis, floribus quadrifidis. unningh.

Acacia ruscifolia, Allan Cunningh. MSS.

Descr. A shrub, much branched in a straggling man-

ner, the old branches terete, clothed with a brown, naked

bark; the younger ones downy, with green prominent

angles. Leaves (Phyllodia) horizontally patent, rarely

: solitary or in pairs, almost constantly verticillate, five or

_ six in a whorl, linear-lanceolate, very harsh and rigid, ter-

_ Minated with a rigid spine, dark-green, entire, slightly pu-

descent, especially at the margin, which is thickened,

- furnished with a pale, on both sides prominent, midrib,

and beneath besides with two obscure longitudinal nerves, —

| Scarcely observable but in the dried state. Flowers ar-

ranged in dense, solitary, axillary, oblyngo-cylingaa

dense spikes of a full and bright yellow colour. Calyx

very minute. Corolla cut almost to the base in five deep —

ovate segments. Stamens very numerous, yellow. An-—

thers rounded. FPistil: none in the flowers of the specimen —

here figured. :

Communicated by W. T. Arron, Esq. from the Royal —

Gardens of Kew, in April, 1832, to which establishment it —

was introduced by Mr. Attan Cunnincuam, who disco- |

vered it on the rocky shores of Macquarrie Harbour, Van —

Diemen’s Land, bearing fruit, in January, 1819. Its

nearest affinity is with Acacira Oxycedrus of Sirzer, from —

which it is distinguished by its broader, shorter, and more

- constantly verticillate leaves and shorter spikes of flowers.

Fig. 1. Flower. 2. Whorl of Leaves, 3. Single Leaf :—maganijied.

3196,

WL dol? hk bet ee :

‘ld. bY 8. Caras Clatenwnod Essex Afr, 1/832.

( 3196 )

DavieEsia virGatTa. Twicey Davissia.

KEK KEE ERE KEKE KERR

Class and Order.

Decanpria Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Leeuminosz. )

Generic Character.

Calyx angulatus ebracteatus 5-dentatus interdum sub-

bilabiatus. Cor. carina vexillo breviore. Ovarium pe-

dicellatum dispermum. Stylus strictus. Stigma simplex.

Legumen compressum angulatum elastice dehiscens ad

suturam infer. dilatatum, fere semitrapezoideum. Strophi-

ola seminis postice integra.—Frutices Australasici glabri,

spinosi aut inermes. Folia simplicia aut nulla. Pedicelli

bast bracteolati axillares. DC

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Daviesia* virgata; foliis subspathulato-linearibus (uncia-

libus) verticalibus nervosis, mucrone innocuo apicula-

tis, margine crassiusculis, racemis axillaribus solitariis

subquadrifloris folio triplo brevioribus basi bracteatis,

ramis inermibus virgatis. Cunningh.

Daviesia virgata. Allan Cunningham, MSS.

Descr. Frutescent. Stem erect, bearin’ twiggy,

alternate branches, which are green, angular, and slender.

Leaves remote, alternate, erecto-patent, linear, obtuse, with

a short mucro, attenuated at the base, but destitute of peti-

ole, vertical, striated, one to two or three inches in length.

Flowers small, in short, somewhat corymbose racemes, aris-

ing from the axils of the leaves, or from above the scar

whence a leaf has fallen, much shorter than the leaves.

Pedicels

ee ad

* Named in compliment to the Rev. Hueu Davies, a well-known Welch

otanist,

Pedicels slender, with a small, elliptical, obtuse, concave

bractea at the base. Calyx bluntly five-toothed, teeth short,

especially the upper one, red, as is part of the tube of the

calyx, the rest green, quite glabrous: the teeth are fringed

with a very minute, white down. Vexillum obcordate, with

a short claw ; externally rich reddish-brown with a yellow,

dorsal line, internally bright orange-red, white, or yellow-

ish-white in the centre, around which is a dark-red spot

sending forth radiating lines. Ale obliquely oval, with

short claws, reddish, or chocolate-coloured. Carina deeply

boat-shaped, obtuse, yellowish-white, at the extremity deep

chocolate-coloured. Stamens free. Filaments white, scarce-

ly shorter than the pistil. Anthers roundish, yellow. Pista

quite glabrous, red tinged with green at the base. Germen

linear-lanceolate. Style subulate, obtuse.

‘This is another of the numerous interesting discoveries of

Mr. Atian Cunnineuam, by whom it was introduced to the

Royal Gardens at Kew, whence it was kindly communi-

cated by Mr. Arron. It inhabits the more elevated, dry,

barren parts of the Blue Mountains of New Holland, where

it flowers in October. In the greenhouse at Kew its blos-

soming season is June. Mr. Cunnincuam observes, that it

appears to be allied to D. racemulosa of Dz Canpo.ze, and

to D. wmbellata of Sir J. E. Smiru ; but that it is really

distinct from both.

Fig. 1. Flower and a Bud. 2. Vexill Regier

Sioa ind Pat a Pa ee yx

ML del?

ms Pub by 8 Curti

s Claxenwood F:

: S80xNO1/832

Swan Sa

( 3197 )

SISYRINCHIUM MACULATUM. SpoTrEp-

FLOWERED SISYRINCHIUM.

Class and Order.

Monapereuia TRIANDRIA.

( Nat. Ord.—Iriwez. )

Generic Character.

Spatha diphylla. Perianthium simplex, corollinum, pro-

funde 6-partitum, aquale. Filamenta comnata. Stylus

simplex. Stigma trifidum. Capsula 3-locularis, infera.

Specific Name and Character.

Sisyrincnium maculatum ; caule folioso ancipiti-compresso,

foliis lineari-ensiformibus, pedicellis longitudine spa-

the albo-membranacez acuminate, perianthii laciniis

obovatis acutis, tribus macula magna atro-sanguinea,

stigmatibus subulatis, ovario glanduloso.

Descr. Stem, in our plant, scarcely more than a foot

high, remarkably compressed, green, bearing four to five

linear-ensiform, acuminated, striated, equitant leaves, the

lower ones the longest, and about a span in height, all

of them full yellow-green, scarcely at all scabrous. From

the upper and shorter leaf arises a panicle of seve

three or four of which proceed together from a

spatha, only one however, flowering at once. Spathas lan-

ceolate, conduplicate, green, with a broad, white, mem-

branaceous margin, within which are a few membranaceous

bractee. Pedicels equal in length with the spatha, or

scarcely exceeding it. Perianth of six obovate and some- _

what cuneated, acute, spreading segments of a full = -

yellow colour, pale at the claws, and with a deep blood- —

red spot just above the claw ; the three alternate ones with

a large horse-shoe-shaped spot or cloud of the bers

occupying the whole width. The back of the segments of

the perianth is of a paler colour, and the spots and clouds

less distinctly marked. Stamens three, yellow. Filaments

monadelphous. <Anthers oblong, versatile. Germen infe-

rior, broadly ovate, somewhat angled, glandular. Style

shorter than the filaments of the stamens: Stigmas three,

subulate, spreading.

A native of Chili, where, in the neighbourhood of Valpa-

raiso, it was found by Arexanper Crucksuanks, Esq. and by

him introduced to the Glasgow Botanic Garden. It pro-

duced its bright and lively coloured flowers in May, 1832,

being treated as other plants of the same Genus, in the green-

house. Its nearest affinity is with S. graminifolium (Bot.

Reg. t. 1067) ; but it is, with us at least, a smaller and less

vigorous plant, the leaves are scarcely at all scabrous, the

flowers larger, of a deeper yellow, and marked with dark

blood-coloured spots, the spathas smaller, sharper, and more

membranaceous at the margins.

Fig. 1. Flower, from which the Perianth is removed : magnified.

WS. Ht del®

llazenmood Bsszx. Vael7$32.

Soran Sé. fl

F.-

7 ( 3198 ) | |

- ALTHmA Rosea, Common Houzynock.

BEE EE EERE REE EEE EEL Oh

Class and Order.

Monavetrnia PoryAnpria.

( Nat. Ord —Matvacez., )

Generic Character.

Calyx cinctus involucello 6—9-fido. Carpella capsu-

laria monosperma in orbem disposita. .D C.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

A.ttu#a* rosea ; caule stricto, foliis cordatis 5—7 -angulatis

crenatis rugosis, floribus axillaribus sessilibus (v. breve

pedunculatis) ad apicem subspicatis, petalis subcrena-

tis, unguibus villosis.

Attuza rosea, Cav. Diss. 2. t. 29. f. 3. Linn. Sp. PI.

p. 966. De Cand. Prodr. v. 1. p. 437. Spreng. Syst.

Veget. 0. 3. p. 108.

Descr. Root biennial. Stem, in our gardens, six to ten

- feet high, erect, stout, simple, more or less hispid with

_ fasciculated, branched hairs. Leaves on rather short pe-

_ tioles, cordate, five to seven-lobed, the lobes angled, une-

qually serrated, upper-side dark green, slightly downy,

beneath pale, more downy, with fasciculated stipules, large,

| unequally bifid. Flowers solitary, large, handsome. Pe-

tiole short. Calyx large, five-cleft, downy, striated, the

segments acute. Jnvolucre monophyllous, large, cup-

shaped, six to nine-lobed, striated, downy, the lobes ob-

tuse, often bifid. Staminal tube short. Anthers very nu-

merous, pale yellow. Germens numerous, collected eae

* From aw, to comfort or cure; from the healing qualities of plants of

this tribe.

the dilated downy base of the style, which latter is cleft

at the extremity into several segments. Corolla of five

very broad, wavy, obcordate or somewhat cuneate petals,

united at the base, in our gardens varying excessively in

colour though generally inclining to rose-red, often with a

pale eye or centre, surrounded with a deep black-purple

ring.

in native of China ; introduced in 1753, and now an uni-

versal inhabitant of the garden and shrubbery in all the

temperate parts of Europe, where it is a hardy biennial and

greatly admired for its stately growth, and the size and

profusion and rich and varied colour of the blossoms, which

continue to flower in succession from June till a late period

in autumn. Hollyhocks succeed too in any soil, but no

where perhaps so perfectly as in the vicinity of the sea.

SEE

Fig. 1. Young fruit— Natural size.

Puormium TENAX. New ZEALAND Fax.

(eS msebsbbiksekieope oat

: Class oa Order.

aoe Hexanprra: Monoaynia.

(Nat. Ord.— Aspuoprien. rae

tS | Generic Character. |

_ Perianthium profunde 6-partitum vel 6-phyllum, folio-

is in tubum approximatis, interioribus longioribus apice

tentibus. Stam. adscendentia erecta, 3 breviora recep-

ulo corolle inserta. Stylus trigynus, stizmate trigono.

psula oblongo-elongata, trigona, torta, trilocularis. Sem..

_humerosa, plana, margine membranacea. Schult.

Fig a

A aa Specific Name and Synonyms.

-Prormium* tenax. Thunb. Diss. Nov. Gen. p. 94. Forst.

Gen. nm. 24, Prodr. p. 325. Cook, Voy. v. 2. p. 96.

cum Ie. Thouinin Ann. du Mus. v. 2. p. 228 et A7A.

t.19. St. Fond, v. 19. p. 401. t. 20. Redout. Liliac.

t. 448, 449. Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2.0.2. p. 284. Schult.

Syst. Veget. v. 6. p. 621. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2.

| ee ot Nae Ta

Descr. Root fleshy, forming a somewhat. tuberiform

rootstock, creeping beneath the surface of the soil, and

sending up many tufts of luxuriantly growing leaves, from

ur to eight feet long, and from two to four inches in dia-

meter. They are distichous, vertical, coriaceous, deep

Rae somewhat glaucous beneath, finely striated, ensi-

_ * Qopuoz, a basket, in allusion to one of the uses made of the leaves of the —

plant, by the inhabitants of its native country. Fare 435

tufts of leaves arises a scape, in the present instance “ twelve

feet in height and bearing thirteen branches, of which the

lower ones contain about twenty flowers, and diminish

gradually in number as they arise on the scape.’ These

flowers are panicled and secund, ascending or pointing up-

wards, the peduncles and pedicels rounded, glabrous, often

tinged with purple and sheathed with scales or bractee,

margined with red. Perianth of six pieces or leaflets, ap-

proaching so as to forma tube, three outer and three inner,

all united at the base, and of a lanceolate form, concave ;

the outer a dull brownish-orange, the inner a full yellow, a_

little longer than the outer, with their extremities patent.

Stamens six, inserted each at the middle of the base of

the segment of the perianth, and much exceeding it in

length, three a little shorter than the other three. Filaments

red above, yellow below. Anthers oblong, yellow, fixed by

the centre of the back to the summit of the filament.

Germen oval-oblong, greenish-brown, attenuated into a

slender, triquetrous, red style. Stigma a mere point. The

lower flowers of the branches seem to be very generally

abortive and deciduous, breaking off at an apparent joint:

the upper ones bear almost ripened capsules while many

of the former are still in full flower: and these capsules

are oblong, triquetrous, brown, and wrinkled, attenuated

slightly at the base, and surrounded by the withered sta-

mens and floral coverings, acuminated at the extremity, and

terminated by the persistent but withered style, somewhat

fleshy, three-celled ; each cell bearing numerous, compress-

ed, imbricated, and erect seeds, inserted upon the inner

angle of each cell.

This highly useful plant is one of the many important

discoveries, for which we are indebted to the late Sir JosEr#

Banks; who says, in Coox’s first Voyage, when speaking of

the productions of New Zealand: “ But among all the

trees, shrubs, and plants of this country, there is not one

that produces fruit, except a berry, which has neither sweet-

ness nor flavour, and which none but the boys took pains

to ea should be honoured with that appellation. There

is, however, a plant that serves the inhabitants instead of

Hemp and Flax, which excels all that are put to the same

purposes in other countries. Of this plant there are two

sorts; the leaves of both resemble those of Flags, but the

owers are smaller, and their clusters more numerous; 1D

one kind they are yellow, and in the other a deep red.

From the leaves of these plants, with very little preparation,

the natives make all their common apparel ; and they also

: 3 manufacture

_ manufacture their strings, lines, and cordage for every pur-

_ pose, which are so much stronger than any thing we can

make with Hemp, that they will not bear a comparison.

From the same plant, by another process, they draw long

_ slender fibres, which shine like silk, and are as white

as snow : of these, which are also surprisingly strong, the

finer clothes are composed ; while of the leaves, without any

other preparation than splitting them into proper breadths,

and tying the strips together, they make their fishing nets;

some of which are of an enormous size. A plant, which, with

such advantage might be applied to so many useful and

important purposes, would certainly be a great acquisition

to England, where it. would probably thrive with very little

trouble, as it seems to be hardy, and to affect no particular

soil ; being found equally in hill and valley, in the driest

mould and the deepest bogs. The bog, however, it seems

rather to prefer, as near such places we found it to be larger

than elsewhere.”

The seeds brought home by Sir Joseps Banxs in 177]

_ did not succeed, but the New Zealand Flax was introduced

to the Royal Gardens at Kew, through the medium of the

same enlightened individual in 1789, and thence has been

liberally distributed to collections in our own country and

_ upon the continent. I possess flowering specimens in my

_ Herbarium, which were produced in the Liverpool Gardens

_ more than twenty years ago, the only instance that has come

under my knowledge, except in the case of the individual

plant now under consideration, which blossomed in June

of the present year, in the greenhouse of Joseru Bourrszr,

Esq. of Springfield, Knowle, near Birmingham, who de-

Scribes it, “ though not as a brilliant, yet as a very hand-

_ Some and magnificent plant.” By Mr. Arron it was sent to

_ the garden of the Museum of Natural History of Paris in

_ 1800: and in that country it has, as might be expected from

_ the nature of the climate in many of the districts, been cul-

_ tivated in the open air, and, for the first time, it produced

flowers in the department of the Dréme, in 1812, but it

bore no fruit. Messrs. Lasitarprere, F'avusas pe St. Fonp,

Desronraines, and Freycinet, have devoted much atten-

tion to the cultivation, and to the manufactory of this plant.

It has even withstood the severe winters of Paris: but in

the South of France it has been propagated with consider- _

able success, and survived the winters without the smallest

protection. In the departments of the west, particularly in

_ the environs of Cherbourg, it has perfectly succeeded and

_ yielded ripe fruit. It is readily increased too, caged

the roots. M. Favsas pr Sr. Fonp, gives the following

mode of preparing the fibre. He dissolves three pounds of

soap in a sufficient quantity of water, together with twenty-

five pounds weight of the split leaves of the Puormium tied

up in bundles. All are then boiled during the space of

five hours, until the leaves are deprived of a tenacious glu-

ten, and of the gum-resin above alluded to, but which is

not removed by the ordinary process employed in the pre-

paration of Hemp: after which they are carefully washed in

running water.

From the experiments of M. Laniziarpiere, the strength

of the fibre of this plant, as compared with that of the

Agave Americana, Flax, Hemp, and Silk, is as follows :—the

fibre of the Agave breaks under a weight of 7; Flax of 11};

Hemp of 163; Phormium 237, ; and Silk of 24. Thus it

appears that of all vegetable fibre, that of Phormium is the

strongest. It possesses too, this further advantage over

Hemp and Flax, according to the French authors, that it is

of a brilliant whiteness, which gives it a satiny appearance,

so that the cloths made of it do not need to be bleached by

a tedious process, or through those other means, by which

the quality of Hemp and Flax is considerably injured.

__ There can scarcely be a question, seeing that the Paor-

_Mrum tenax has succeeded remarkably well in the open air

In Invernesshire, Scotland, (apparently in the neighbour-

hood of the sea,) without any shelter in the winter, and

without even the protection of a wall, that the opinion

expressed by Sir Joserpn Banxs of the suitableness of the

English climate to it, is well founded. Indeed, we know

that the late Yares, Esq. of Salcombe, Devonshire,

did cultivate this plant upon a rather extensive scale,

and made preparations for converting it into thread, which

his sudden death prevented him from carrying into effect.

The south of Ireland would, in all probability be found to

_ be well suited to its growth and increase. .

I shall refer my readers to the authors already mention

for many interesting details concerning the New Zealand

Flax, and shall devote the remaining space to a relation of

what has been kindly communicated to me for this work,

by that very intelligent Botanist and Traveller, ALLAN CUN-

NINGHAM, | |

“The Puormrum tenax is indigenous to the islands of

New Zealand. On the northernmost of the islands, which

has been traversed almost in every direction, by Europeans, —

it is found in greater or less abundance, as well on the im-

mediate coasts in low situations, subject to be overflowed

__ by the tide, as in the inland country, generally in ground:

more or less swampy.

l __ “ Extensively diffused as this valuable plant is over the

surface of the island, it is along its western coast, to the

southward of the parallel of 35°, and in Cook’s Streight,

that the greatest quantities have been found, where it is

| said to grow in fields of inexhaustible extent. The indige-

_ Rous growth of the Paormium is not limited simply to New

Zealand ; for it was long ago discovered in a wild state at

| Norfolk Island, where it forms long tufts, along the cliffs,

_ within the influence of the salt spray rising from the heavy

surfs, which, ever and anon, lash the iron-bound shores of

that small, but truly beautiful spot of the Pacific.

“The preparation of the Flax for their own use, or for

exchange with Europeans, is effected by the native women,

+ and their method of separating the silky fibre, from the long

_ Flag-like leaf of the plant, of which it forms the under sur-

face, appears simple enough. Holding the apex of a re-

cently cut leaf between their toes, they make a transverse

Section through the succulent matter at that end, witha shell,

(which they still employ, though they possess every species

of iron edge-tool,) and inserting the shell, (said to be of

| the Genus Osrrea,) between that substance and the fibre,

| Teadily.effect its separation, by drawing the shell through

the whole length of the leaf. It is to be observed, that the

_ Separation is always performed by those people, when the

_ Yegetable is freshly cut : as the leaf contains a gum, which

- ¢auses the fibre to adhere more strongly, when dry ; nor

have the attempts of Europeans to extract the filaments

ftom the leaf by maceration, been at all successful : the

_ €xperiments that have been made at Sidney, showing a

‘the large proportion of the succulent matter (for so t

failure was accounted for) rendered it impossible to effect

the separation by dessa 9% = water, without materv-

ally injuring the strength of the fibre.’ a aoe

oo % Spe peti this mode of separating the F -

from the leaf by a shell, in the hands of those savage sti

the European has not succeeded in his endeavours to pre-

‘Pare the fibre for himself, either by that, or any other ae

that have been tried ; nor has any instrument or —. Pe

Machinery yet been invented to enable him si rip off,

and prepare this valuable filament for the nc oe

The Port Jackson traders must still be — — a

ative women and their shells for the cargoes they obtaim =

a. ¢¢ The Flax thus obtained from the natives by the

chants of Sidney, undergoes no heckling, cleaning; «

aware.

preparation, previous to its being shipped for the English

market: but is merely made into bales, by being put ina

press and screwed down. It is manufactured into every

species of cordage, excepting cables, and Mr. Bieeg, the

Commissioner of Enquiry to New South Wales, observes in

his Report, pp. 52, 53, that ‘ its superiority of strength

to the Hemp of the Baltic has been attested, both by expe-

riments made at Sidney, and by one that was effected under

his own observation in the King’s Yard, at Deptford.’

« The relative proportions of strength of each, however,

I have, I am sorry to say, not been able to obtain for you.

A casual mecting, however, which lately took place between

an old and experienced captain of a merchant-vessel and

myself, enables me to give you some information on this

point. He had been for thirty five years at sea, and many

years in the trade between Liverpool and Mauritius ; and

from conversing upon sugar, Timor ponies, Torres Streights

and coral reefs, we got upon the subject of New Zealand

Flax and the rope it made, of which he spoke much in

commendation, having employed it in the ships he had

commanded. He had proved the superiority of the New

Sealand Flax to Hemp in ropes, upon which there is al-

ways a great strain on ship-board; such as stays, braces,

tacks, sheets, &ec. ; and such were the strength, elasticity,

(hence its value for stays) and durability of the fibre of the

New Zealand material, that it admitted of the ropes for

such purposes, which had been manufactured of it, being of

less dimension, and therefore more convenient to use than

the same description of rope, to be appropriated to the

same purposes, of Baltic Hemp, necessarily required. As

a comment on this information of the Mauritius’ captain, I

will here briefly observe, that in one of our voyages, (Mer-

maid, with Capt. King) we bent a new main-sheet at Port

Jackson, (which, in a cutter, is a rope on which there 1s

ever much stress,) and after nine months, returned from the

N. W. coast, and the rope was still good and serviceable ;

whereas, of Baltic Hemp, a main sheet, by friction an

strain, would have been so worn, at the close of our survey

on that coast, that it would have become indispensible to

si another to carry us back from that shore to Port

ckson, the voyage being seven or eight weeks. |

Ihave not heard that canvass has been made of it, but _

my correspondent (a merchant from Sidney, now in Lov-

don) informs me, that a person has been trying it in table-

cloths, napkins, &c, but with what success he was not

“ For ae

_** For many years past, has some communication been

kept up by individuals residing at Port Jackson, with the

natives of New Zealand; but it is only of late that the

trade in Flax has been found to be a profitable speculation,

Of this, the merchants of Hobart’s Town and Launceston

in Van Diemen’s Land are now fully aware; and having

had their attention turned to its advantages, they are be-

ginning to prosecute it with ardour.

“« J may here remark, that at the period (years ago) when

the trade with this noble race of savages was first opened

by persons of courage and enterprize at Port Jackson,

axes, knives, and other edge-tools, together with beads and

similar ornaments, were received by them with avidity ; but

now, they will hardly take any thing in exchange but arms

and ammunition. With these last-named articles, the peo-

ple are not at all likely to be satiated : there is no danger

of there being a glut of muskets and gunpowder, to stop

the trade in flax or Cowdie timber ; but the arms must be

of a superior, or at least a good quality: for, as Mr. Bussy,

in his paper on New Zealand, just published with other

authentic information relative to New South Wales, justly

observes, (p. 61,) Honghi, the late chief of the Bay of

Islands’ Tribe, could bring into the field five hundred war-

iors, all of the aristocratic or free class, armed with mus-

kets ; and so well are they now acquainted with the quali-

ties of the latter, that a vessel, which lately took down two

hundred, could not dispose of them on any terms, because

the locks were only single-bridled. The same vessel sold a

ton and a half of gunpowder, in exchange for Flax, ina few

days, and would have had as little difficulty in disposing of

the muskets, had they been ofa better description. Although

most of the chiefs can now muster a large force armed with

muskets, their avidity to add to their armoury has undergone

no diminution ; and, with the exception of blankets, red

Woollen shirts and other warm clothing, tobacco, and sugar,

scarcely any other article of English manufacture or mer-

chandise has, as yet, any attraction for them. :

“'To what extent the trade in Flax has increased with

these islanders of late, (say, since 1828,) some idea may be

formed from the following facts. According to the sta- .

tistical returns of New South Wales, for the year 1828,

New Zealand Flax to the extent of sixty tons, and valued |

at £2,600, was exported from Sidney to England, during —

that year ; whilst, during 1830, (according to the returns —

taken from the Custom-House books,) the quantities stated

as the imports of it into Sidney for the English amet

eight hundred and forty-one tons, and in 1831, one thou-

sand and sixty-two tons. Its present price in London, my

correspondent informs me, may be stated at from £15 to

£25 per ton, much depending on its quality, and the clean

manner in which it is brought into the market. Some

doubts have been entertained by merchants, of this kind of

trade with the New Zealanders being likely to continue.

In reply to this doubt, my friend observes, that he, among

others, considers it doubtful at present: for as the demand

for the raw commodity, as introduced into the London

market, is not considerable, and at the public sales of it

there is but litthe competition, few houses having com-

menced to manufacture it, it may hardly fetch a remunera-

ting price. But when its character has become more gene-

rally known, than it at present is, and its superiority to

Baltic Hemp more fully ascertained by rope manufacturers

in England, the demand for it will increase, and the price

improving, will induce Sidney merchants, to hold out to

‘the New Zealand chiefs such novel and costly temptations,

in the way of trade, as would ensure the continuance of

their exertions in preparing the Flax for them, in which it

has been said they have rather relaxed of late, because they

: are determined to see what new articles of use or ornament

we could offer them, that would be worthy of their accept-

ance, other than muskets and gun powder.

“ T will close my remarks on the subject of the PHoRMIUM

and the communication which it, and other indigenous pro-

ductions of the soil of New Zealand have brought about, be-

tween its half-civilized inhabitant and the European, in the

words of Mr. Buspy, in the page just referred to. ‘ This inter-

course (with commercial men) claims the attention of His

Majesty’s Ministers, from the advantage which could not fail

to result from fostering and protecting a trade, that is calcu-

lated to open a very considerable demand for British manu-

factures, and to yield, in return, an article of raw produce,

not only valuable to England as a manufacturing country,

but indispensible to her greatness as a maritime power, al

which the superiority of that power will always enable her

to command, independently of foreign countries. And,

apart from all motives of interest, it is deserving of attention

from the opportunities it affords of civilizing and convert-

ing to Christianity, one of the most interesting races OF

people, which British . : ae

quarter of the ‘lake pe nunee has yet discovered in ”

» scarcely mature. 4, 5. Sections of the same. 6. Seed, magnified

Pub. by 3 Curtis, Glaxenwood B 3s ax Dep?

11832 pa

and at length deciduous. Pedicels short, recurved. Flows

C 3200)

CROTALARIA STRIATA. STRIATED-FLOWERED

CROTALARIA.

KEKE EEE EE EKERER EE ERK

Class and Order.

Diapetpu1a Decanprtia.

( Nat. Ord.—Lecuminosaz. )

Generic Character.

Calyx 5-lobus, subbilabiatus, lab. sup. bi- infer. 3-fido.

Corolla vexillum cordatum magnum, carina falcato-acumi-

hata. Filamenta omnia connexa, vagina sepius superne

fissa. Stylus lateraliter barbato-pubescens. Legumen tur-

gidum valvis ventricosis inflatum, sepius polyspermum, |

pedicellatum.—Herbe aut frutices. Folia simplicia aut

palmatim-composita, 3- aut rarissime 5-foliolata. Flores

sepius flavi. Bracteole minime secus pedicellum aut ad

basin calycis. D C.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Crorataria striata; stipulis nullis, foliis trifoliolatis foliolis

ellipticis obtusis mucronatis subglabris, racemis termi-

nalibus, bracteis setaceis marcescentibus demum de-

ciduis, petalis omnibus striato-pictis, alis carina vexil-

loque duplo brevioribus. |

Crorararia striata. De Cand. Prodr. v. 2. p. 131.

‘eee

Descr. A shrub, apparently of humble growth, with

rounded, green branches. Leaves trifoliolate ; leaflets ellip-

ical, subglabrous, mucronate, about equal in length with

the petiole, which is thickened at the base and destitute of —

stipule, unless, indeed, the stipules be early deciduous. Ra- :

cemes elongated, terminal, or in the axils only of the upper —

leaves. Bractee small, setaceous, soon withering, brown, _

humerous, drooping. Calyx campanulate, with five, Sas

long, lanceolate, acuminated teeth. Corolla thrice as long

as the calyx, yellow; all the petals striated with deep,

orange-brown lines. Vexillum broadly oblong, reflexed.

Ale oblong, subfalcate, acute, not half the length of the

carina, which is equal in length with the vexillum and

much acuminated.

Our figure is from a drawing made ten years ago, by Mr.

Joun Curtis, from a plant in the collection of the late Mr.

Warxer, of Arno’s Grove, but unaccompanied with any

remark. It is probably a stove plant, and a native of the

Mauritius: at least, we have received specimens of what

appears to be exactly the same species of Croraxaria from

that island, and communicated by M. Boser, under the

name of “ C. laburnifolia ;” but it is quite different from

the plant of that name sent by Dr. Waxticu, and agrees in

many respects with C. bracteata of Roxs. and Dre CanDoLLe,

and with C. striata of the latter author; both natives of

the East Indies. 1 have referred it, but doubtfully, to C.

striata.

J3 Macnab delt

Lub: by 8. Gurlis. Glazenwood Essex Dec”11832 3 wv

( 3201)

_ PHYSIANTHUS ALBENs, WHITISH-LEAVED

PuHysIANTHUs.

KEE EERE EEE EEK RR

Class and Order.

Penranpria Dieynra.

( Nat. Ord.—AscteprapEx. )

Generic Character.

Cor. campanulata, tubo inflato-ventricoso, limbo 5-fido

connivente. Columna fructificationis inclusa pentaphylla,

_ foliolis tubo stamineo insertis, deinde corolle adnatis,

Sursum liberis cucullatis. Anthere membrana terminate.

Pollinis masse decem, cereacee, compresso - clavate, in

_ cruribus retinaculi deflexis pendula. Stigma biapiculatum.

Semina comosa. Martius.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Puystanruus * albens ; herbacea, volubilis, foliis oppositis

integerrimis acutis basi cordato-truncatis subtus albo-

pruinosis, floribus subdichotomo-cymosis. Martius.

Puystanruus albens. Mart. Nov. Genera et Sp. Plant. Bra-

stil. v. 1. 54.-t. 32. Graham, in Ed. New Phil. Journ.

Oct. 1832. Spreng. Syst. Veget. cur. post. p. 112.

Descr. Root woody, branched, and fibrous. Stem woody,

(at least when cultivated in the stove,) round, branched,

twining ; bark green, cracked, and on the recent shoots,

Which are very long and slender, pretty densely covered

with short, adpressed pubescence. Branches opposite and

axillary, spreading. Leaves (three inches long, an inch

and three quarters broad,) petioled, opposite, oblong, trun- _

eres

ns ~

* puocs, a bladder, and aibos, a flower, from the inflated corolla...

‘ : wh. ee

cated below, undulate, entire, acute, deep green and prui-

nose above, paler beneath, and there especially clothed with

minute pubescence. Petiole about one-third of the length

of the leaf, of the same colour with the shoots, channelled

above, spreading. Peduncles lateral, more rarely axillary,

subdichotomously cymose, four- to eight-flowered, about as

long as the petiole, and similar to it ; pedicels (about seven

lines long) spreading, straight. Calyx five-parted, green,

very minutely tomentose, obscurely veined ; segments ovate,

acute, spreading below, erect in their upper half, reflected

at the sides. Corolla faintly perfumed, somewhat fleshy,

white, when in bud pale rose-coloured, hypocrateriform,

glabrous : tube (half an inch long) one and a half times as

long as the calyx, at its base ventricose, with five gibbo-

sities and slightly hairy on the inside, above pentagonous,

sides depressed, and having a ridge in the centre of the

depression ; limb (an inch and a quarter across) spread-

ing, five-parted, segments ovate, acute, reflected at the

apices and at the sides. Crown attached to the inside of

the base of the tube, five-parted, lobes connivent, blunt,

convex on the outside, alternate with the gibbosities of the

tube, glabrous. Stamens opposite to the lobes of the crown,

and twice as long as these, adpressed to the pistil ; fila-

ments coarse and fleshy, monadelphous, concave on the

inside, flat on the out, sagittate above, terminated by a

little ovate, subacute point, below the sides of which, and

on the inside of the filament, are the cells of the anther;

pollen-masses yellow, elliptico-ovate, flattened, reticulated.

Stigma large, conical, angular, terminated above by two

appendages longer than itself, which diverge below, meet

above near the apices, and again diverge ; glands alternate

with the stamens, indented into the angles of the stigma,

deep lilac, cartilaginous, slit vertically along their outer

surface, terminated above by a cordate, brown process,

emarginate at the apex, and below by two processes, which

are brown, linear, flat, swollen at both their extremities,

each becoming attached obliquely to the narrower extre-

mity of a pollen-mass in the stamen next to it. Styles two,

short, connivent above. Germens two, turgid, ovate, acute.

es very numerous, small, imbricated, filamentous, at-

tached to the receptacle placed on the inside of the germen.

Seeds of this fine plant were received by Mr. Nes1 from

Mr. Tweepiz, Buenos Ayres, in 1830, and climbing along

the roof of the stove in his garden, flowered freely in August

last. I possess from Mr. T'weepre an excellent specimen,

m no respect different from the cultivated plant. Graham.

Macnad. del Lub. by. 8. Curtis Glazenweed. Essex Dect1l8s2,

( 3202 )

MANETTIA corpDIFOLIA. HEART-LEAVED |

MANETTIA.

KEKE EEE EKER KKK KE

Class and Order. |

Terranpria Monocynia.

( Nat. Ord.—Ruvsiscea. )

Generic Character.

Cal. 4A—5-s. 8—10-partitus.- Cor. tubulosa 4—5-fida.

Stam. 4—b fauciinserta. Caps. bilocularis. Sem. alata. Spr.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Manertia* cordifolia; glaberrima, caule suffruticoso volu-

bili ramis teretibus, foliis cordatis acuminatis utrinque

nitidis, stipulis amplexicaulibus acuminatis, pedunculis

axillaribus unifloris folio longioribus, calyce 4-lobo

lobulis minimis interjectis, corolla fauce nudo dilatato.

Manertia cordifolia. Mart. Specim. Mat. Med. Bras. v. 1.

p.19.t.7. De Cand. Prodr. v. 4. p. 363. |

Mayertia glabra. Chamisso et Schlecht. Linn. 1829. p. 169.

De Cand. Prod. v. 4. p. 363. Vie oe

“4:

“tag

Descr. Whole plant glabrous. Stem suffruticose, much

branched, very slender, round, twining; bark grey and ex-

foliating, on the young shoots green, glabrous, shining.

Leaves (two inches long, one inch broad, but gradually

smaller, and the uppermost about four lines long, two lines:

broad, while the low and largest on a vigorous cultivated

specimen, are four inches long, and nearly two and a half

broad) opposite, petioled, cordate, acuminate, glabrous on

both sides, shining, pale, with prominent veins and obscure, ;

minute, reticulations, below dark, and the veins slightly

channelled above. Stipules small, subulate, and at length —

often reflexed in their upper half, bases broad and connate

Within the petioles, so as to form a small cup, which is ;

occasionally toothed, round the branch. Peduncles elon-.

gated, solitary, glabrous, filiform, shining and single-flo é

red,

Ficore.

* Named in honour of Xavrer Manettt, a Florentine Professor of Botany.

ered, at the extremities of the branches, which are subse-

quently elongated, rendering the peduncle axillary. Calyx

green, glabrous, four-parted, with minute, divided inter-.

vening teeth ; segments acute, at length reflected, one-

nerved. Corolla (fully an inch and a half long, three lines

and a half across the revolute limb,) very handsome, shin-

ing on the outer surface, and glabrous every where, except

a little above its base on the inside, where for some dis-

tance it is densely clothed with inverted, white hairs ; tube

clavato-funnel-shaped, with four flat sides, nectariferous,

and only colourless at the base, every other part of the

corolla vermillion-orange coloured, deepest on the inner

side of the limb, green in the young buds, throat dilated

and naked ; limb four-parted, segments deltoid, revolute.

Stamens four, alternating with the segments of the corolla ;

filaments colourless, adhering to the tube throughout its

whole length, the free portion slightly connivent, and rather

shorter than the segments of the limb; anthers versatile,

oblong, purple, inserted by their back, bursting along the

front of the cells, which are distant in the middle, conni-

vent at the extremities ; pollen green. Germen inferior,

green, compressed, bilocular, crowned by a white, depress-

ed disk, which rises above the insertion of the corolla.

Style rather longer than the stamens, exserted, colourless,

filiform. Stigma green, blunt, of two, erect, parallel lobes.

Ovules numerous, erect, on erect, free, columnar recep-

tacles, one rising with each loculament from near the base:

of the dissepiment. Capsule ovate, compressed, channelled

on both sides, crowned by the persisting, indurated calyx,

bivalvular, bilocular, opening by a division of the dissepi-

ment ; valves boat-shaped, nerved, and each splitting into

two teeth at the apex. Seeds brown, round, flattened, and

surrounded by a membranous wing.

This truly beautiful plant, raised from seed sent by Mr. TWEEDIE

from Buenos Ayres, first showed flower in the stove of Mr. Ner1’s

garden, Canonmills, near Edinburgh, in August last. Another and

stronger specimen is just now (10th October,) opening its first blossoms ;

and being covered with a profusion of buds in every stage, it promises

to be exceedingly ornamental during many weeks. My native speci-

mens, obligingly communicated by Mr. Twexpre, are from the woods of

; — The a were iS on the banks of the Arroyo 4

China, a stream which enters. the Ur: entre Rios. The dilated,

naked throat of the corolla forms a dete 328 eeabiion to the Generic

Character as drawn by Jussieu in Memoires du Museum 1820, p. 384,

and the four-sided tube of the corolla with the connivent filaments are at

variance with the Generic Character given by Dr Canvouzs, l.c.

iS Fig. 1. Calyx and Pistil, 2. i i co

migainel. yx ‘istil, 2 ‘Section of the Germen. 3. Stigma:

BIZ del? fab. br 8. Carte, Glazenwood, Kssex, Dect Ie5e poe

€ 3208 )

ACACIA INTERMEDIA, INTERMEDIATE

ACACIA.

a Si a sO On a Oa OO

Class and Order.

Potyeam1a Moneamct.

( Nat. Ord.—Leeuminos#. )

Generic Character.

. Flores polygami. Cal. 4—5-dentatus. Pet. 4—5, nune

libera, nunc in corollam 4—5-fidam coalita. Stam. numero

varia, 10—200. Legumen continuum exsuccum, bivalve.

—Frutices aut arbores habitu et foliatione varia. Spine

stipulares, sparse aut nulle. Flores flavi, albi aut rarius

rubri, capitati aut spicatt, decandri aut polyandri, eleuthe-—

_ randri aut monadelphi, petalis 4—5-liberis coalitisve con-

stantes.—Sect. J, Puytuopinex. D C.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Acacia intermedia ; phyllodiis lineari-lanceolatis acutis basi _

attenuatis obscure bi- trinerviis, spicis cylindricis com-

pactis, floribus quadrifidis, petalis reflexis, stylo sta-

minibus duplo longiore. Cunningh.

Acacta intermedia. Cunningh. MSS. apud Hort. Reg. Kew.

_ Descr. The specimen here figured is from a shrub of

Strong growth, eight feet in height ; much branched, the

branches twiggy, of a rusty-brown colour, quite glabrous,

(as is the whole plant,) bearing copious foliage, especially

at ‘the slender extremities. Leaves or phyllodia two and a

half to three inches long, linear-lanceolate, attenuate at the

base, acute at the extremity, of a full but yellowish-green

Colour, not at all approaching to glaucous, obscurely mark-

ed with three nerves, and with still more obscure, anastomos-

Ing veins.

Flowers crowded, fragrant, arranged in rather

long, slender, cylindrical, spreading, sessile, deep yellow

spikes, —

spikes, shorter than the leaves. Calyx short, quadrifid.

Corolla deeply quadrifid, the segments oblongo - ovate,

rather obtuse, and reflexed at the apex. Stamens very nu-

merous, twice the length of the corolla, and half the length

of the filiform wavy style.

From the Royal Gardens at Kew, where it has been long

cultivated among the plants that were the earliest intro-

duced from. New Holland: but which does not yet appear

to have been taken up by any author. My friend, Mr.

Axian Cunnineuam, has justly pointed out the Acacta flori-

bunda, Witip. and Vent., Choix des Plantes, t. 13, and A.

mucronata, Witty. and Wenpt., Diss. t. 12, as among its

nearest allies :—but the former has longer leaves, much

larger spikes, with exceedingly remote five-fid flowers, and

a much shorter style ; and the latter has linear-spathulate

leaves, with a rounded apex and a mucro, and lax flowers.

Fig. 1. Flower :—magnifed.

5204.

Swan

Gluxenweod. Essex. Dep? Ud:

3. Curbs

Fy, h

£ thé

CALENDULA OFFICINALIS. COMMON

Maricoxp. |

i a a a

Class and Order.

Syngenesra NeEceEssariA.

( Nat. Ord.—Composirz. )

Generic Character.

‘Receptaculum nudum. Pappus nullus. Cal. polyphyl-

lus, equalis. Sem. disci membranacea. Willd.

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Catenputa * officinalis ; seminibus cymbiformibus muri-

catis omnibus ineurvatis. Willd. -

Catenputa officinalis. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1304. Willd. Sp.

Pl. p. 2340, Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. v. 4. p. 166.

Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 3. p. 623.

(8.) flore pleno.

rae

Descr. Root annual, fibrous. Stem about a foot high,

with many patent, dichotomous, or sometimes, trichotomous

branches, striated, green, succulent, hispido- pubescent.

_ Leaves oblong, acute, somewhat succulent, broad, and a

little cordate at the base, the margins quite entire, often,

_ 48 well as here and there upon the surface, hispid with short

hairs. Flowers large, terminal, solitary upon each branch,

Of a rich, full golden yellow, deeper and brighter previous

to their full expansion. Involucre of many nearly equal,

appressed, linear -subulate, piloso-hispid leaves or gti

—

* From Calende, the Calends, or the first day of every month, according

to the Romans; in allusion to its bearing a succession of blossoms for a very

long period—flower of every month. In France it is called Souci, or Solst,

altered, according to Tuets, from solsequium, to follow the course of the

sun.

not one-third so long as the radiant florets, the apices a

little recurved. Corollas of the ray ligulate, female tri-

dentate, broadly linear, the lower tubular portion hairy.

Germen singularly boat-shaped, curved like a horse-shoe,

large, green, downy, within having a thickened margin,

more or less tuberculated on the back. Florets of the

centre all tubular, small, male, and, consequently, sterile ;

the mouth five-cleft, the base hairy. Abortive Germen

cylindrical, downy, green. Receptacle dotted. The heads

of fruit have a singular appearance : the centre or disk is

occupied by the closely packed, abortive pistils, and sur-

rounded by the numerous, large achenia, which constitute

the circumference, and are cymbiform, with a broad, thick-

ened margin, singularly incurved, within at the base having

an elevated lamella, the back furnished with a tuberculated

ridge: the inner of these achenia are more narrow, and

have less margin.

This well-known and truly brilliant ornament of our

gardens, even of that of the humblest cottager, has, strange

to say, never found a place in any of our periodical Maga-

zines. It is too, a very old inhabitant of our flower-borders,

having been introduced so long ago as 1573, from the

South of Europe: and is now frequent in the gardens even

of the peasantry. Linnzus observed, that its flowers usu-

ally expanded from nine in the morning till three in the

bg ; but SHakesPEare seems more correct when he

calls it

“ The Marygold that goes to bed with the sun,

And with him rises weeping.”

_ The flowers, which vary much in intensity of colour, and

in being more or less double, were formerly, and are still,

used in some parts of England, to impart an agreeable

colour and peculiar flavour to soups and broths, and have

been considered as “ comforters of the heart and spirits :”

and a distilled water, and a kind of vinegar and a conserve

have been prepared from them.

——

Fig. 1. Central male Floret. 2. Male ligulate Floret of the Cireum-

ference. 3. An outer Pericarp of the Head of Fruit :—magnified.

3205,

Lab, or s. Curtis Glazenwoed, Egeex. Det / 1839 walt Ses

( 3205 )

MENTZELIA HISPIDA. Hispip MenTZELIA.

Class and Order.

IcosanpriA Monoeynia.

( Nat. Ord.— Loasem. Juss. )

Generic Character.

Cal. persistens, tubo cylindraceo sub 5-sulcato, lobis 5

lanceolatis subulatisve equalibus. Petala 5 summo caly-

cis tubo inserta equalia. Stamina plurima petalorum nu-

mero multiplicia cum iis inserta, filamentis liberis seepé in

phalanges dispositis, antheris erectis ovatis bilocularibus.

Ovarium calycino tubo adnatum. Styli 3 ad medium aut ad

apicem in unicum striis tribus notatum connexi. Capsula

turbinato-cylindracea, calycinis lobis coronata, 1-locularis,

apice 3-valvis. Semina 3, 6,9, aut abortu ab iis numeris

subdiscrepantia, placentis 3 parietalibus inserta—Herbe

ramoso-dichotome, pilis barbatis aut glochidiatis rigidis

aspere. Folia alterna aut subopposita exstipulata grossé

dentata, Flores flavo-aurantii, in dichotomiis solitartt sub-

Sessiles, aut, ramo uno abortivo, pseudo-axillares, sole fer-

venti expanst. pots

Specific Character and Synonyms.

Menrzexra* hispida ;. petalis obovatis mucronato-acumina-

tis calyce longioribus, staminibus 30—35, quorum 10 —

___ ext. majoribus, foliis floralibus sessilibus. -4

Menrzeuia hispida. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 2. p. 1176. Juss.

Ann. du Mus. v. 5. p. 24. De Cand. Prodr. v. 3. p.

343. Spreng. Syst. Veget. v. 2. p. 601. |

Mentzeuia aspera. Cav. Ic. v. 1. p. 51. t. 70. (exel. syn.)

Hook. in Bot. Misc. v. 2. p. 220. (excl. Syn. Linn.)

Descr. Stem herbaceous, erect, branched in a dicho-

tomous manner, clothed with a pale, whitish, shining +a

whic

anne idl

———— i

Boch fase >

* In compliment to C. Menrzex, a Botanical Author of Brandenburg.

which easily peels off, and is rough to the touch, and, on

the young branches, rough with hairs. Leaves opposite,

ovate, shortly petiolate, deeply and very irregularly ser-

rated, often angled, rough on both sides with harsh, rigid

hairs. Flowers solitary, large, terminal upon the branches,

or axillary in the dichotomies. Calyx with its tube ad-

herent with the germen, rough with hairs, the five seg-

ments lanceolate, reflexed. Petals five, broadly ovate,

acuminulate, deep, rather fulvous yellow, patent. Stfa-

mens numerous, the ten outer ones the largest. Filaments

slender, yellow. <Anthers rounded. Germen roundish, ob-

long, inferior. Style filiform. Stigma obtuse. Immature

capsule oblong, crowned with the style and the reflexed

segments of the calyx, very rough ; according to Cava-

NILLEs about six-seeded.

Seeds of this plant were sent to the Glasgow Botanic

Garden from Yazo, in the valley of Canta, Peru, by Mr.

Crucksnanks, and the plant produced flowers in April, 1832.

When noticing this species, from the dried specimens com-

municated to me by the same traveller, in the Botanical Mis-

cellany above quoted, I was led to refer it to the MenTzELIA

aspera of Linnzus, and I am now far from certain that

authors have done right in separating the two, the differ-

ences appearing to me to rest on very slight grounds. I

there likewise mentioned, that the M. oligosperma of North

America, seemed to me to be scarcely different from the

present. Its flowers are smaller, more tawny, and the seeds

are described as two or three in each capsule.

CAVANILLES and Dr Canpo.te give our plant as an in-

habitant of Mexico, where it is called Sazale. Its pow-

dered roots are violently purgative and used medicinally.

Fig. 1. Flower, not fully expanded. 2. Petal and Stamens. 3. A long

anda shorter Stamen. 4, Pistil. 5. Immature Capsule-—Magnified.

INDEX,

In which the Latin Names of the Plants contained in the Sixth

Volume of the New Serizs (or Fifty-Ninth of the Work)

are alphabetically arranged.

Pi.

3174 Acacia cinerascens.

3203 intermedia.

3195 ruscifolia.

8171 Acrotiche ovalifolia.

3186 AEchmea Mertensii.

3192 Alpinia magnifica.

3198 Althza rosea,

3181 Andromeda tetragona.

3129 Anthericum semibarbatum.

3177 Arbutus pilosa.

— Arthrostemma nitida. a

Astragalus alopecuroides.

3160 Beckea kéxioola:

3155 Bidens striata.

3204 Calendula officinalis.

3187 Calochilus campestris.

3141 Cerasus spherocarpa.

3125 Cereus Royeni.

3137 Cleome gigantea.

3165 Clitoria ? arborescens.

3166 Coccoloba pubescens.

3130 ——_—— uvifera.

3158 Couroupita Guianensis.

3159 Ibid.

3200 Crotalaria striata.

3196 Daviesia virgata.

3156 Diuris maculata.

3143 Doronicum Caucasicum.

3168 Epacris onosmeflora.

3151 Epidendrum variegatum.

3126 Eriocaulon decangulare.

3180 Eriostemon myoporoides.

8178 Francoa appendiculata.

3131 Geitonoplesium cymosum.

3124 Geranium albiflorum.

3134 Gratiola tetragona.

3133 Grevillea Caleyi.

3185 canescens.

3184 ——__—_- robusta.

3164 Habenaria cordata.

8170 Helleborus urascens.

3183 Hibbertia inghamii. |

Sg §

3144 Hibiscus Genevii.

3152 Manihot, 8.

3163 Hymenanthera dentata

3123 Lathyrus decaphyllus.

3162 Leucopogon lanceolatus.

3140 Lilium tenuifolium.

3147 Lissanthe sapida.

3138 Lobelia robusta.

3202 Manettia cordifolia

3154 Maxillaria picta. _

3173. ————— placanthera.

3146 ————— tetragona.

‘| 3176 Menziesia empetrifolia.

3205 Mentzelia hispida.

3128 Michauxia levigata.

3157 Mimusops dissecta.

3153 Myrcia acris.

3189 CEnothera speciosa.

3179 Ornithogalum corymbosum.

8175 Peonia officinalis, var. anemo+

niflora.

3199 Phormium tenax.

3201 Physianthus albens.

3132 Piper Betle.

3139 nigrum,

3161 Pittosporum cornifolium.

3145 Polygonum adpressum. —

3167 Primula Sibirica.

3172 Pterodstylis Banksii.

3149 Rosa Kamtchatica.

3182 Riilingia corylifolia.

3135 Salvia strictiflora.

3150 Sida rosea.

3197 Sisyrinchium maculatum.

3136 Stylidium scandens. _

3194 hirsutum.

3188 Symphytum Caucasicum.

3191 Tecoma Stans,

3148 Thea rere, nyil

3190 Tropzolum pentaphyllum,

3169 —————— tricolorum.

3127 Verbena venosa.

IN DE X,

In which the English Names of the Plants contained in the

Sizth Volume of the New Series (or Fifty-Ninth of the

Work) are alphabetically arranged.

Pi. Fi.

$195 Acacia, Butcher’s broom- 3152 Hibiscus, palmated-leaved,

~ leaved. var. B.

3174 grey, fragrant. 3198 Holyhock, common.

3203 intermediate. 3163 Hymenanthera, tooth-leaved.

3171 Acrotriche, oval-leaved. 3190 Indian-cress, five-fingered. =

3186 Aichmea, Mertens’. 3169 ——__———— three-colored.

3192 Alpinia, magnificent. 3143 Leopard’s-Bane, Caucasian.

3181 Andromeda, four-sided. 3162 Leucopogon, lanceolate.

3129 Anthericum, half-bearded. 3140 Lily, slender-leaved.

3177 Arbutus, hairy. 3147 Lissanthe, esculent.

3142 Arthrostemma, shining. 3138 Lobelia, thick-stemmed.

3160 Beckea, stone. 3202 Manettia, heart-leaved.

3155 Bur-marigold, striated-flow- 3204 Marigold, common.

ered, - 3173 Maxillaria, flat-anthered.

3187 Calochilus, Field. 3146 —_————. four-cornered.

3125 Cereus, Van Royen’s. 3154 ————— painted.

3141 Cherry, Noyau. 3205 Mentzelia, hispid.

3137 Cleome, gigantic. 3176 Menziesia, crow-berry-leaved.

3165 Clitoria, woody. 3128 Michauxia, smooth.

3153 Clove-tree, wild, or Bay-berry || 3193 Milk-Vetch, Fox-tail.

Myrtle. 3157 Mimusops, cut-flowered.

3188 Comfrey, Caucasian. 3175 Peony, common, var. of the

3158 Couroupita, Guiana, orCannon- anemone-flowered.

ball tree. 3132 Pepper, Betel.

3159 Ibid. 3139 black, or common.

3124 Crane’s-bill, white-flowered. 3201 Physianthus, whitish-leaved.

3200 Crotalaria, striated-flowered. 3126 Pipe-wort, ten-angled.

3196 Daviesia, twiggy. 3161 Pittosporum, Cornel-leaved.

3156 Diuris, spowen 3172 Disroatyiey large-leaved.

3168 Epacris, Onosma-flowered. 3145 Polygonum, berry-bearing, or

3151 Epidendrum, variegated. Macquarie-harbour grape.

3180 Eriostemon, cuspidate. 3167 Primrose, Siberian.

3189 Evening Primrose, large white- || 3149 Rose, Kamtschatka.

flowered. 3182 Riilingia, nut-leaved.

3123 Everlasting Pea, ten-leafletted. || 8185 Sage, erect-flowered.

3199 Flax, New Zealand. 3166 Sea-sideGrape, downy,orgreat-

3178 Francoa, appendiculated. leaved, Leather-coat tree.

3131 Geitonoplesium, cymose. 3130 Sea-side Grape, round-leaved.

3133 Grevillea, Blechnum-leaved. |} 3150 Sida, reddish globe-flowered.

3184 — 8197 Sisyrinchium, spotted-flowered

3185 - hoary. 3179 Star of Bethlehem, Peruvian.

3164 Habenaria; heart-leaved. 3194 Stylidium, hairy.

3134 Hedge-hyssop, four-sided. ~ || 3186 ———— climbing.

3170. Hellebore, a || 3148 Tea, green.

_ 3183 Hibbertia, Mr: Cunningham’s. || 3191 Tecoma, Ash-leaved.

- 8144 Hibiscus, large purple-eyed. || 3127 Vervain, strong-nerved.