CURTIS’S

BOTANICAL MAGAZINE,

COMPRISING THE

Plants of the Ropal Gardens of Helv,

AND

OF OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS IN GREAT BRITAIN;

WITH SUITABLE DESCRIPTIONS;

SIR JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER, M.D., C.B., K.C.S.L,

: F.R.S., F.L.S, erc.;

D.C.L. OXON., LL.D. CANTAB., CORRESPONDENT OF THE INSTITUTE OF FRANCE.

VOL. XXXVI.

OF THE THIRD SHEIES

(Or Vol. CVT. of the whole Work.)

RAR AR AR A RAR AA

** Thou, my love, art perplexed with the endless seeming confusion

Of the luxuriant band which in the garden is spread.

Name upon name thou hearest, and in thy perplexity dreamest,

While with a barbarous clang, one drives ancther along.

Every form is alike, yet none resembles the other,

Yet is the beautiful whole bound by a mystical bond.

Bound by a mystical bond, O canst thou tell me, my loved one, :

What is the fortunate word by which the riddle is read ?”’—After Schiller.

DNL LDL DDS

LONDON: .

L. REEVE anv CO., 5, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.

1880.

Mo. Bot. Garden,

1897.

LONDON :

GILBERT AND RIVINGTON, PRINTERS,

ST. JOHN’S SQUARE.

JOHN GILBERT BAKER, ESQ, F.RS., F.LS,

FIRST ASSISTANT IN THE HERBARIUM OF THE ROYAL GARDENS, KEW,

My prar Baxrr,

I have great pleasure in dedicating to you a

volume of the Botantcat Magazine, a work which has for

several years past profited by contributions from your pen.

I do this the more gladly, because it gives me the oppor-

tunity of placing on record my sense of the zeal and efficiency

with which you have for so many years conducted your duties

in the institution to which we both are attached, and of the

cordiality with which you have not only officially aided

visitors during their researches in the Herbarium, but un-

officially placed at their disposal your great stores of botanical

knowledge.

Believe me,

Most sincerely yours,

JOS. D. HOOKER.

Royat Garpens, Kew,

Dee. 1st, 1880.

o46§

. vo TS y

Sars. 3 ef

Tas. 6469.

BROWNEA Ana.

Native of New Grenada.

Nat. Ord. Leaguminosz.—Tribe AMHERSTIEX.

Genus Brownka, Jacg.; (Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 577.)

Brownea Ariza; ramulis rachi foliorum foliolisque glaberrimis, petiolulis villosis

glabratisve, foliis 6-8-jugis oblongo-lanceolatis abrupte caudato-acuminatis

membranaceis subtus glaucis basi angustato inequali obtuse, jugorum inferi-

orum foliolis brevioribus basi cordatis, floribus dense spicato-capitatis, capitulis

7 poll. diam., bracteolis connatis extus sericeis calycis tubo multo longioribus,

petalis sepalis duplo longioribus obovato-oblongis obtusis longe gracile unguicu-

latis, filamentis petala subsequantibus 11 ad basin fere liberis glaberrimis, ovario

molliter sericeo, stylo glaberrimo.

B. Ariza, Benth. Pl. Hartweg. p. 170.

B. Princeps, Linden Catalogue, 1877, No. 98, p. 33.

When for the first time a Brownea flowered in this country

(in the Edinburgh Botanical Garden in 1842), it was said

of it, “ Few things can exceed the elegance, or the richness

of the colouring in the beautiful flowers of this shrub”

(Graham in Bot. Mag. t. 3964), This applied to B. coccinea,

now considered by far ‘‘ the poorest thing’’ of the genus

that has hitherto been cultivated in England, its heads of

flowers being little over two inches in diameter. It was

succeeded by B. grandiceps (flowered in 1855), which was

pronounced, “‘ Although far inferior in point of richness of

colour of the flowers to B. coccinea, yet the quantity of

flowers collected into an almost globose head nearly eight

inches in diameter, gives this infinitely the advantage over

that species” (Bot. Mag.t. 4839). Of B. Ariza, the third

species that has flowered, it may truly be said, that it

combines with the size of head of B. grandiceps the vivid

colouring of B. coccinea.

Brownea Ariza is a native of New Grenada, having been ~

discovered, about the year 1842, by the late Theodor Hart-

weg, in forests of the province of Bogota, at an elevation of

1400 feet above the sea, where it is called the Ariza by the

inhabitants; it was not however introduced by that traveller

JANUARY Ist, 1880.

into cultivation, though so stated by Paxton. The splendid

specimen here figured was flowered by the late deeply-

lamented Dr. Moore of Glasnevin, who was also the first to

flower B. grandiceps. In a letter received with the plant

from him in March of last year, he informed me that he re-

ceived it from the Continent (presumably from Mr. Linden)

under the name of B. Prinéeps; that it was then fourteen

feet high, and flowered profusely every year. In another

letter of later date he says, “ Although the individual

bunches of flowers are rather smaller than those of its rival

B. grandiceps, their brilliant colour far surpasses it. Both ~

are in flower here at present, B. grandiceps with upwards of

fifty flowering bunches on it.”

The Brownea Ariza of Paxton’s Flower Garden, vol. u.

p. 59 (1851-2), copied in Lemaire’s “Jardin Fleuriste,”

t. 1942, is a totally different plant from this, and apparently

B. grandiceps.

Desor. A tree thirty to forty feet high; branches gla-

brous, and petiole and rachis of leaf covered with brown

shining bark, bearing small scattered smooth warts. Leaves

one foot and more long; rachis slender, bearing leaflets to

the very base, there swollen into an oblong nob; leaflets six

to eight pairs, four to seven inches long, quite glabrous,mem-

branous, glaucous beneath, uppermost pair the longest, ob-

lanceolate, caudate-acuminate, narrowed to a rounded obtuse

unequal base, the lowest pair much the shortest, cordate at

the base; petiolules very short, tumid, densely villous, at

length glabrous. lowers most densely spicate on a stout

silky columnar rachis two inches long, forming a globose

head of scarlet bracts sepals and petals six inches in dia-

meter ; outer bracts coriaceous, pubescent, orbicular-reni-—

form, one to one and a half inches in diameter; inner spa-

thulate or oblanceolate, membranous, silky, as long as the

fiowers; bracteoles connate into a silky spathe enclosing

the flower for more than half its length. Flowers two inches

long. Calyz-tube sessile, glabrous, obconic. Sepals obovate-

spathulate, more than half as long as the obovate-oblong —

obtuse petals, which have long slender claws. Stamens

eleven; filaments free almost to the base, glabrous. Ovary

densely villous with silky hairs; style glabrous.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, section of flower and bracteolar spathe ; 2 and 3, stamens; 4, stigma :—

all enlarged. =

70;

ay & Son

Aa)

eal

Vincent Droo

1 JN-Fitch Lith

HID. de

L. Reeve & C°loendon

Tas. 6470.

GEN TIANA KUBROO.

Native of the Himalaya Mountains.

Nat. Ord. Gentianex.—Tribe SweRTIEZR.

Genus Gentrana, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. ii. p. 815.)

GenTIANA (Pneumonanthe) Kurroo; glaberrima, radice elongato crasso apice

folioso, foliis subrosulatis anguste elongato lineari-oblongis hy i er obtusis

v. subacutis coriaceis 1-3-nerviis, ramis floriferis e collo ascendentibus v. basi

prostratis 1-5-floris, foliis caulinis linearibus, calycis tubo infundibari-

campanulato, lobis 5 basi discretis linearibus tubum wquantibus v. superantibus,

corolla calyce duplo longiore campanulata lobis late ovatis acutis azureis albo

conspersis plicis inter lobos integris dentatis v. furcatis.

G. Kurroo, Royle Ill. Himal. Pl. 278, t. 68, £.2; Griseb. in DC. Prodr, vol. ix.

p. 110.

Pneumonanthe Kurroo, Don in Phil, Mag. 1836, p. 75, et in Trans Linn. Soc.

vol. xvii. p. 510.

A frequent inhabitant of the western temperate Himalaya,

from Garwhal westward to Kashmir, at elevations of 5000 to

8000 feet, where it is one of the most ornamental of the

herbaceous perennials from the delicacy of its azure blossoms

sprinkled with pearly white, and the brilliant green of its

foliage. It is a near ally of the British G. Pnewmonanthe,

but a far handsomer plant. According to Dr. Royle, its

native name in Garwhal is “ Kurroo,” and it is used asa

medicine, no doubt from the bitter properties of the root.

I am indebted to Mr. Bull for the beautiful specimen here

represented, which he raised from seed, and flowered in

October of last year. It had not before been introduced

into cultivation, and will prove a very great acquisition to

the rock-garden.

Descr. Jootas thick as the middle finger, and cylindrical

when old, sometimes five to six inches long, covered with

black rough bark, the crown bearing many tufts of leaves

that spread horizontally. Leaves three to five inches long,

JANUARY Isr, 1880.

elongate linear- or oblong-lanceolate, obtuse or acute, one-

sixth to nearly one inch in diameter, concave, very coriaceous,

bright green, midrib thick with sometimes a lateral very

obscure nerve on each side; cauline leaves numerous, nar-

rowly linear, one-half to two inches long. Flowering stems

ascending from the crown below the leaves, sometimes pros-

trate for half their length, four to eight inches long, stout

or slender, one to four flowered. Flowers erect or inclined,

pedicelled, one and a half inches long. Calyz-tube between

funnel- and bell-shaped, about one-third the length of the

corolla-tube ; lobes as long as the tube, narrow linear,

remote at the base. Corolla-tube narrowly campanulate ;

limb one and a half inches in diameter; lobes five, broadly

ovate, acute or acuminate, azure-blue, sprinkled towards the

throat with white; folds between the lobes very variable,

membranous, quadrate and toothed or cut into subulate

processes, or almost entire. Filaments stout; anthers small.

Ovary pedicelled, spindle-shaped, contracted into a short

style with short oblong finally spreading stigmas. Ovules

fusiform, produced at the apex.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, vertical section of flower; 2, summit of ovary, style, and stigmas; 3,

transverse section of ovary ; 4, ovules :—figs. 2-4 enlarged.

AB del. JN Titch Lith : Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp

Tas. 6471,

PACHYSTOMA? Txomsonranum.

Native of Western Tropical Africa.

Nat. Ord. OrcutpEm.—Tribe EprpEenprex P

Genus Pacnystoma? Blume ; (Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 462.)

Pacuystoma? Thomsonianum ; rhizomate elongato, pseudobulbis depressis orbicu-

latis tunicatis 1-foliatis, folio anguste elliptico-lanceolato utrinque acuminato

membranaceo plicato, pedunculis a basi pseudobulbi ascendentibus folio brevi-

oribus gracilibus pubescentibus 2-floris, spathis 1 v. 2 ovato-lanceolatis, bracteis

spathaceis subacutis ovario brevioribus, perianthio explanato, sepalis albis, dor-

sali majore erecto oblongo-lanceolato acuminato marginibus infra medium

recurvis, 2 lateralibus patenti-decurvis elongato-lanceolatis acuminatis apicibus

recurvis, petalis albis horizontaliter patentibus sepalis lateralibus squilongis

acuminatis, labelli lobis lateralibus erectis subquadratis carnosis cochleatis intus

rubro striolatis intermedio elongato triangulari in caudam elongatam sensim

producto rubro-striato, columna suberecta apice rotundato, anthera deflexa

cuneato-lanceolata, polliniis 8 parvis caudiculis elongatis connatis, glandula

parva trigona.

P. Thomsonianum, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1879, ii. 582.

I am quite unable to refer this beautiful little plant to any

other described genus of Orchids than that in which Prof.

Reichenbach has placed it, and shall leave it for Mr.

Bentham to settle its position as he elaborates the genera

of Orchidew for the “Genera Plantarum,” a work upon

which he is now engaged. Neither in habit nor in floral

characters does it appear to me to accord with Pachystoma;

and if the figure of the pollinia here given is correct, and I

_have no reason to doubt this (having supervised the artist

when making the drawing and its analyses), it must be re-

ferred to the Tribe Vandew, as now accepted, and not to the

Epidendree, to which the described species of Pachystoma

truly belong. I think, however, it is a question how far the

presence or absence of the so-called gland is of itself a safe

ground on which to divide the Hpidendree from the Vandee,

more especially when it is considered that this appendage to

the base of the pollen masses is formed of a portion of the

column (the rostellum) that varies greatly in its nature and

extent in different genera, so that Mr. Darwin remarks, that

“the differences in the shape and size of the removed por-

JANUARY Ist, 1880,

tions of the rostellum can be finely graduated together,

even within the single tribe of Vandew ; and still more

closely by commencing with the minute oval atom of mem-

brane to which the caudicle of Orchis adheres, passing

thence to Habenaria bifolia to that of H. chlorantha with

its drum-like pedicel, and thence through many forms to

the great disc and pedicel of Cataseta.” If the transition

steps in the development of the appendages to which the

pollinia attach themselves, can be thus traced from plants

so different in this respect as Orchis and Catasetum, how

much easier must that be from Hpidendree to Vandew !

The subject of the present plant is a very lovely one; its

graceful form, and the purity and brilliancy of its white,

and the vividness of its reds, render it one of the most

beautiful Orchids of its type and habit, which remind one a

good deal of some Celogynes. It was sent from the west

coast of tropical Africa (probably Old Calabar) by Mr. W.

Kalbreyer, who desired that it should commemorate the

services of the late G. Thomson, a well-known resident on

that pestilent coast. I am indebted to Mr. Veitch for the

loan of the specimen here figured, which flowered at the

Royal Exotic Nurseries in October, 1879.

Descr. Pseudo-bulbs seated on a running rhizome, one

inch in diameter, orbicular, depressed, covered with mem-

branous scales. Leaf solitary, six to eight inches long,

lanceolate, acuminate, membranous, plaited. Peduncles one

or two from the base of each pseudo-bulb, ascending, slender,

pubescent, with one or two spathes, two-flowered; bract

sheathing, subacute. Flower three to three and a half inches

across the petals; perianth widely spreading. Sepals and

petals pure white; dorsal sepal erect, oblong-lanceolate,

acuminate, margins reflexed below the middle ; lateral sepals

smaller and narrower. Petals horizontal, lanceolate, acumi-

nate. Lip trifid, side-lobes erect, conchoid, subquadrate,

streaked with red inside; mid-lobe elongate-triangular, one

inch long, gradually tapering to a recurved point, white

with broad red streaks. Column arched, semi-terete, green

streaked withred. Anther deflexed, ovate-lanceolate, obtuse.

Pollinia eight in two bundles, small, pyriform, their caudicles

united into one thick one seated on asmall gland.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, flower with sepals and petals removed; 2, column and lip; 3, anther;

4, pollinia :—-all enlarged.

6472

Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp

AB del JN Fitch Lith

Tap. 6472.

POLYGONUM AFFINE.

Native of the Himalaya.

Nat. Ord. Potyagonacem.—Tribe EUPOLYGONER.

Genus Potyaonum, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 97 [ined.].)

Potyaonvm (Bistorta) affine; caule humili prostrato ligno hypogo ramoso, ramis

brevibus fasciculatis, foliis plerisque radicalibus anguste elliptico-lanceo-

latis v. oblanceolatis obtusis v. acutis in petiolum brevem v. elongatum angus-

tatis marginibus recurvis crispato-crenulatis tenuiter reticulatim venosis,

caulinis parvis elliptico-lanceolatis acutis sessilibas, caulibus floriferis erectis

4-8 pollicaribus foliosis, racemis spiciformibus solitariis cylindraceis compactis,

floribus roseis, perianthii explanati segmentis ellipticis v. obovatis obtusis,

filamentis 8 stylisque 3 filiformibus.

P. affine, Don Prodr. p. 70; Babingt. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xviii. p. 97. 3

P. Donianum, Spreng. Syst., Cur. Post. p. 154.

P. Brunonis, Wall. Cat. 1692; Royle Ill. Pl. Himal. p. 317, t. 80; Meissn. in

Wall. Pl. As. Rar. vol. iii. p. 54; Paat. Fl. Gard. t. 37; Lemaire Jard.

Fleur, t. 117.

The erect herbaceous perennial Polygona of the section

Bistorta, form one of the most beautiful features of the sub-

Alpine Himalayan Flora, ornamenting the wet river banks

and meadows, where growing amongst the grass they con-

tribute much to the herbage, or hanging in rosy clumps from

the moist precipices. P. affine is one of the latter set; 1t

abounds in the Himalayan valleys from Kumaon westward

to Kashmir, growing at elevations of 9,000 to 14,000 feet,

but has not been found in Nepal, as often stated. In the

Eastern Himalaya and in the Khasia Mountains it is replaced

by P. paleaceum, Wall., a plant not recorded in Meissner’s

monograph of the genus in De Candolle’s Prodromus, and

which is perhaps referable to his P. sphwrostachywm. An-

other and a very beautiful ally of these is P. vacciniifolium,

Wall. (tab. nostr. 4622), which is one of the most orna-

mental rock-plants ever introduced into this country.

Polygonum affine has been long cultivated at Kew, and

flowers freely in the open border in September and October.

JANUARY Ist, 1880. -

It was introduced into England in about 1845, I believe,

through the late Dr. Royle’s collectors, who were attached

to the Saharumpore Gardens.

Desor. Quite glabrous. Rootstock woody, tufted, pros-

trate, branched, tip covered with the brown withered sti-

pular sheaths, sending up several erect flowering stems and

occasional prostrate leafy shoots. Leaves chiefly radical,

two to four inches long, oblanceolate or elliptic-oblong,

acute or obtuse, narrowed into a long or short and slender

petiole; margins recurved and minutely wrinkled, almost

crenulate; nerves reticulate; stipules elongate, entire or

sparingly split; cauline leaves much smaller, sessile, elliptic.

Flowering stems six to eight inches high, stout or slender.

Flowers in solitary terminal cylindric obtuse spiciform

racemes, two to three inches long, by half to two-thirds of

an inch in diameter, crowded; bright rose-red, concealing

the membranous obtuse sheathing stipuliform bracts; pedi-

cels fascicled often in fours, filiform, curved, rigid. Perianth

one-sixth to one-fourth of an inch broad ; tube very shortly

obconical; segments broadly elliptic or obovate. Stamens

eight, filaments filiform, equalling the perianth. Ovary

cL styles three, filiform; stigma punctiform.—

Fig. 1, vertical section of flower; 2, stamen; 3, ovary; 4, ovule :—all enlarged.

AB del IN Pitch Lith

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp

Tas. 6473.

A. NARCISSUS patupvtvs.

B. NARCISSUS GRAELLSII.

C. NARCISSUS kruvpicota.

Natives of Spain. :

Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDACER.—Tribe NarcissEz.

Genus Narcissus, Linn. ; (Baker in Gard. Chron, 1869, p. 416.)

A. Narcissus (Ganymedes) pallidulus ; bulbo parvo ovoideo, folio unico angus-

tissime lineari glaucescente synanthio, scapo gracillimo tereti 1-2-floro, floribus

cernuis longe pedicellatis, perianthii pallide sulphurei tubo elongato subcylin-

drico, segmentis lanceolatis, reflexis tubo subquilongis, corond cyathiformi

pallide sulphurea segmentis paulo breviori ore integro, staminibus 3 cum stylo

exsertis. :

N. pallidulus, Graells Ramill. vol. i. p. 20, t. 8; Willk. et Lange Prodr. Flor.

Hisp. vol. i. p. 153.

N. triandrus, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1869, p. 686, ex parte,

B. Narcissus (Corbularia) Graellsii ; bulbo globoso, foliis 2-4 anguste linearibus

synanthiis, scapo brevi tereti unifloro, flore suberecto breviter pedicellato, peri-

anthii pallide sulphurei tubo elongato infundibulari, segmentis lanceolatis laxe

ascendentibus tubo brevioribus late viridi vittatis, corona sulphurea late cyathi-

formi segmentis wquilonga ore crenulato, staminibus omnibus cum stylo

exsertis.

N. Graellsii, Graells Pl. Hor. p.8; Ramill.t. 5; Willk. et Lange Prodr. Fl.

Hisp, vol. i. p. 150. :

Corbularia Graellsii, Webb in Bourg. Pl. Hisp. Exsic. No. 2281.

C. Narcissus (Queltia) rzpicola ; bulbo subgloboso, foliis 2-4 anguste linearibus

laucescentibus synanthiis, scapo tereti unifloro, flore erecto brevissime pedicel-

es perianthii lutei tubo elongato subcylindrico, segmentis oblongis cuspidatis,

tubo duplo, brevioribus flore expanso patulis, corona brevi aurantiaca ore pro-

funde 6-lobato, stylo incluso, antheris subsessilibus.

_N. rupicola, Dufour in Roem. et Schultes Syst. Veg. vol. vii. p. 958; Graells

amill, vol. i. p.17,t.7; Willk. et Lange Prodr. Fl, Hisp. vol. i. p. 152.

N. apodanthus, Boiss. et Reut. Diag. p. 25.

These are three Narcissi that stand widely apart from

one another in their botanical characters, but which we

have grouped together because they come from the same

JANUARY Ist, 1880,

country, and flower about the same time. They are all

natives of the mountains of Central Spain, at an elevation

above sea-level of from two thousand to four thousand

feet; and are all three figured in the ‘“ Ramilletes de

Plantas Hspanolas” of Graells, published at Madrid in

1859. For the specimens here drawn we are indebted to

‘Mr. G. Maw, who has cultivated them successfully at

Broseley, and distributed bulbs with his usual liberality.

In their native mountains they flower in April; rwpicola,

which ascends higher than the two others, reaching over

into June.

Desor. N. pallidulus. Bulb ovoid, about half an inch

in diameter, with a cylindrical sheath produced less than

an inch above its neck. Leaf single, suberect, very narrow,

glaucescent, channelled down the face, as long as the

scape. Scape very slender, terete, half a foot or a foot

long, bearing one or two drooping flowers on elongated

pedicels. Perianth pale sulphur-yellow ; tube subcylindri-

cal, half or three-quarters of an inch long; segments

lanceolate, reflexed, as long as the tube; corona cyathi-

form, the same colour as the perianth, rather shorter than

the segments, truncate at the throat. Three longer

stamens and the style a little exserted from the corona;

the three other anthers nearly sessile at the throat of the

perianth-tube.

N. Graellsii. Bulb globose, half or three-quarters of an

inch in diameter, with a cylindrical sheath produced an

inch above its neck. Leaves two or four to a bulb, narrow

linear, often overtopping the flower. Scape one to three

inches long, always bearing only a single suberect flower,

on a very short pedicel. Perianth pale sulphur-yellow ;

tube funnel-shaped, half or three-quarters of an inch long ;

segments lanceolate, loosely ascending, not more than half

as long as the tube, furnished with a broad keel of green,

which runs down the tube. Obvrona cyathiform, about

half an inch long and broad, the same colour. Stamens

and style declinate, all about the same length, and pro-

truded from the corona.

N. rupicola. _Bulb ovoid or subglobose, half or three-

quarters of an inch in diameter, with a cylindrical sheath

produced an inch above its neck. Leaves two or four to a

bulb, narrow linear, glaucescent, about as long as the scape.

Scape slender, terete, a quarter or half a foot long, bearing

a single erect flower on a very short pedicel. Perianth

bright lemon-yellow; tube subcylindrical, greenish, half or

three-quarters of an inch long; segments oblong, spreading,

cuspidate, half as long as the tube. Corona cup-shaped,

orange-yellow, less than half as long as the perianth-seg-

ments, the throat with three deep rounded dentate lobes.

Anthers all six nearly sessile in the perianth-tube. Style

much shorter than the perianth-tube.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, section of a flower of WN. pallidulus; 2, section of a flower of N.

Graellsii ; 3, section of a flower of VN. rupicola :—all enlarged.

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp

AB. del 1 N Fitch Lith

Tas. 6474,

ARISAUMA ovrine.

Native of the Sikkim Himalaya.

Nat. Ord. Arorprx.—Tribe ARISARER.

Genus Arismma, Mart.; (Schott. Prodr. Syst. Aroid. p. 24.)

Aris#Ma (Trisecta) utile ; dioicum, foliis 2-nis 3-foliolatis, petiolo robusto viridi,

foliolis subsessilibus v. breviter crasse petiolulatis patentibus lateralibus late

ovatis v. triangulari-ovatis terminali transverso late oblongo, omnibus cuspidatis

marginibus flavidis creberrime undulatis, nervis purpurascentibus subtus

prominulis, pedunculo petiolo multo breviore viridi, spatha 5-6-pollicari, tubo

cylindraceo brunneo multi-costato costis virescentibus, lamina decurva ampla

’—4-poll. lata brunnea cruciatim crasse venosa venis virescentibus apice rotun-

da‘a v. emarginata v. 2-loba medio cuspidata, spadicis masculi parte florifera

pallide purpurascente, antheris sparsis 4-locularibus longe stipitatis, parte sterili

elongato conico basi ampliato lobulato apice in filum longissimum filiforme

purpureum desinente, spadicis foeminei parte florifera conica ovariis ovoideis

dense operta, stylis crassis.

A. utile, Hook. f. mss. Schott, Prodr. Syst. Aroid. 30; Engler in A. DC. Monogr.

Phanerog. vol. ii. p. 537.

Under A. nepenthoides (tab. 6446) I stated that several

other Himalayan species of this genus remained to be pub-

lished from figures made from specimens introduced into

cultivation by Messrs. Elwes, Gammi, King, &e., and that

amongst them was the A. utile. This, on account of its

being the most common of those of which the tubers are

collected for food by the hill tribes of Sikkim, is the most

interesting species of the genus, though it falls short in

stature of the A. Hookerianum, a figure of which will shortly

appear in this work. A. utile is the plant specially alluded

to in the following extract from the “ Himalayan Journals,”

vol. il, p. 49 :—“ My tent was pitched on a broad terrace,

opposite the junction of the Zemu and Thlonok, and 10,850

feet above the sea. It was sheltered by some enormous

transported blocks of gneiss, fifteen feet high, and sur-

rounded by a luxuriant vegetation of most beautiful rhodo-

dendrons in full flower, willow, white rose, white-flowered

cherry, thorn, maple, and birch. Some great tuberous-

rooted Arwms were very abundant; and the ground was

covered with small pits, in which were large wooden pestles:

these are used in the preparation of food from the Arums,

to which the miserable inhabitants of the valley have re-

course in spring when their yaks are calving. - The roots

FEBRUARY Ist, 1880.

are bruised with the pestles, and thrown into these holes

with water. Acetous fermentation commences in seven or

eight days, which is a sign that the acrid poisonous principle

is dissipated: the pulpy, sour, and fibrous mass is then

boiled and eaten; its nutriment being the starch which

exists in small quantities, and which they have not the skill

to separate by grating and washing. This preparation only

keeps a few days, and produces bowel complaints, and loss

of the skin and hair, especially when insufficiently fermented.

Besides this, the ‘ choklibi’ (Tovaria olevacea, tab. 6313),

and many other esculents, abounded here; and we had

great need of them before leaving this wild uninhabited

region.”

The drawing here published was made from a specimen

sent to me by H. J. Hlwes, Esq., F.L.S., of Preston House,

Cirencester, who himself introduced it from Sikkim; it

flowered at the same time (June 14, 1879) in the Royal

Gardens, from roots presented by Mr. Elwes. The species

is common in the forests of Sikkim, at elevations of 8000

to 12,000 feet, flowering in May and June. |

Descr. Tubers as large as a walnut, or larger. Leaves in

pairs from the roots; petiole a foot long, and as thick as

the middle finger, cylindric, green; leaflets three, all very

shortly stoutly petiolulate or sessile, bright green with

yellowish wrinkled margins and purplish nerves which are

very prominent beneath ; middle leaflets broader than long,

five to eight inches in diameter, cuspidate, base cuneate ;

lateral leaflets trapezoid-ovate, acute or cuspidate. Pedunele

much shorter than the petiole, as stout, green. Tube of

spathe three to four inches long, red-brown with greenish

ribs; lamina decurved, rarely suberect, much dilated, three to

four inches across, red-brown, diagonally barred with raised

green broad veins, middle portion tumid with parallel ribs,

apex deeply lobed or emarginate, with a cusp in the sinus.

Male spadie ; flowering portion columnar, pale purple with

scattered stipitate four-celled anthers; naked portion (or

- appendix) dirty purple, elongate, conical, dilated and lobed

at the base, the apex terminating in a purple filiform tail

eight inches long, which in the young state of the plant is

enclosed in one of the segments of the leaf. Female spadia

with a much stouter conical flowering portion thickly covered

with ovoid dvaries, ending in short thick styles.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, plant reduced; 2, male spadix of the natural size. ©

6475

AB. del J.NHitch Lath.

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp

L. Reeve & C°London

Tas. 6475.

CALOCHORTUS BENTHAM.

Native of Aalifornia.

Nat. Ord. Linracem.—Tribe TuLiPex.

Genus Catocnortus, Pursh. (Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xiv. p. 302.)

CaLocrortus (Macrodenus) Benthami ; bulbo ovoideo, tunicis exterioribus firmis

brunneis supra collum productis, folio proprio unico lineari supra caulis basin

inserto inflorescentiam eminente, floribus 3-6 laxe corymbosis, pedicellis elon-

gatis basi foliis reductis bracteatis floriferis ascendentibus fructiferis cernuis,

erianthii lutei segmentis exterioribus pallidioribus oblongis acutis glabris,

interioribus obovatis vel orbicularibus aurantiacis basi cuneatis facie ubique pilis

glanduliferis vestitis supra basin conspicue foveolatis, antheris linearibus apicu-

latis filamento wquilongis, ovario oblongo, stigmatibus sessilibus falcatis,

capsulis oblongis lobis tribus profundis acutis angustis.

C. Benthami, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xiv. p. 304; S. Wats. in Proc.

Amer. Acad. vol. xiv. p. 262.

Cyclobothra elegans var. lutea, Benth. Pl. Hartweg. p. 338.

Calochortus nitidus, Wood in Proc. Acad. Philad. 1868, p. 169, non Dougl.

This little Calochortus is a close ally of C. elegans, which

is pretty well known in English gardens, but differs by its

yellow flowers. For garden purposes the species of this

Macrodenus section are not so effective as the larger more

open-flowered Mariposas, such as venustus, luteus, citrinus,

and splendens, but the flowers are less fugitive. The present

Species is an inhabitant of the Sierra Nevada chain of

mountains in California. It was first gathered by Hartweg

in the year 1848, and has since been distributed by Fremont,

Lobb, and other collectors. We first received it alive from

Mr. Elwes in 1877. The drawing was made from a plant

that flowered with Dr. Wallace at Colchesterin June, 1879.

Descr. Bulb ovoid, about an inch in diameter, with firm

brown outer tunics produced some distance above its neck.

Stem, including inflorescence, rising half a foot to a foot

above the surface of the soil. Leaf single, linear, glabrous,

FEBBUARY Ist, 1880,

green, six or twelve inches long, inserted on the stem a

short space above its base, much overtopping the flowers.

Flowers, three to sixin alax corymb; pedicels long, flexuose,

erect when the flower expands, nodding in the bud stage

and in fruit, subtended each by a large linear bract similar

to the leaf in texture. Perianth nine or ten lines long,

bright yellow ; outer segments lemon-yellow, oblong, acute,

glabrous, furnished sometimes with a claret-brown spot at

the base ; inner segments obovate or suborbicular, cuneate

at the base, orange-yellow, clothed all over the face with

concolorous glandular hairs, and each furnished at the base

with a conspicuous gibbous claret-brown foveole. Stamens -

as long as the ovary; anthers lemon-yellow, linear, cuspi-

date, equalling in length the flattened filaments. Ovary

oblong, about a third as long as the perianth, furnished at

the apex with three small falcate sessile stigmas. Capsule

oblong, half or three-quarters of an inch long, with three

deep acute lobes.—J. G. Baker. :

Fig. 1, section of an entire flower; 2, 3, glandular hairs from the face of the

petals ; 4, a single stamen ; 5, horizontal section of the ovary; 6, pistil, taken from

a bud :—all more or less enlarged.

6476.

AB del JN Atch Lith Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp

I Reeve & C° London.

Tas. 6476,

POLYGON UM compactum.

Native of Japan.

Nat. Ord. Poryconacrm.—Tribe Potyaone.

Genus Potyconum, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p- 99, ined.)

Potyrconum (Pleuropterus) compactum ; caulibus decumbentibus, ramis suberectis

rigidis sulcatis foliosis, foliis glabris breviter petiolatis late ovatis breviter cus-

pidatis rigidis basi late truncato-cordatis, marginibus undulatis, nervis subtus

reticulatis, ochreis brevissimis deciduis, racemis axillaribus et terminalibus

erectis strictis gracilibus simplicibus multifloris puberulis, floribus confertis,

bracteis minutis obtusis multifloris, pedicellis capillaribus basin versus articu-

latis, perianthio fructifero cuneato, segmentis 3 exterioribus auctis carina

dorsali in alam latam in pedicello desinentem expansa, stigmatibus 3.

P. cuspidatum, Sieb. et Zuce., var. compactum, Hort.

The Japanese and N. Chinese Polygonums of the section

Pleuropterus, are amongst the most ornamental herbaceous

plants of the garden ; some of them, as P. cuspidatum and

Sachaliense, throwing up, in the summer time, branches so

numerous, long (often eight feet high), and strong, as to

become truly bushes. They are of graceful habit, easily

grown, perfectly hardy, and increase by underground

suckers with such rapidity that the larger sorts are apt

to prove troublesome monopolists of the soil. Of these

Polygonums the two named above are commonly culti-

vated, and both are erect; a third is a climber, the P.

multiflorum, Thunb. To these must be added the subject

of the present plate, which has long been cultivated at Kew

under the name of P. compactum, and which, though closely

allied to P. cuspidatum, and possibly a form of it, differs in

its dwarf size, decumbent lowly habit, small rigid leaves with

waved margins, and strict erect simple female racemes.

Like all its near allies, as far as I have observed them, it is

dicecious, the male plants having stamens which are longer

than the perianth, and a minute rudiment of an ovary

without stigmas, and the females having very short stamens

EEBRUARY Ist, 1880.

with imperfect anthers without pollen, and a well-formed

trigonous ovary bearing three short stigmas fimbriate at the

apex. Besides the form figured here, a similar one in habit

and foliage is grown at Kew, with the flowers all male,

rose-coloured, much more loosely racemose, and with a

tendency in the racemes to throw out very short lateral

branches: this plant I suspect to be the male of P. com-

pactum.

The only specimen of P. compactum which I have found

in the Kew Herbarium were fruiting ones collected on the

mountain Fusiyama, received from Sir RB. Alcock, K.C.B.,

in 1860, from whom, in all probability, the seeds also were

procured ; like all its allies, it flowers very late in the season,

the specimen figured being in blossom almost till the end

of September.

Duscr. Stems prostrate, one to two feet long, with

ascending and suberect branches as high, deeply grooved,

dark red or red-brown, puberulous towards the tips, aS are

the petioles and racemes. Leaves one and a half to two

inches long and broad, rigid, deltoid or very broadly ovate,

base broadly truncate or subcordate with a very open sinus,

cuspidate, margins waved, uppermost sometimes cuneate at

the base; petiole a quarter to half an inch long, stout, red ;

ochrea very short, deciduous. Racemes axillary and terminal,

two to three inches long, strict, erect, solitary or several

together; rachis slender with close-set short obtuse many-

flowered bracts. Male flowers white, on slender pedicels ;

perianth one-tenth of an inch long, subglobose ; fruiting

perianth one-third of an inch long, cuneate, truncate ; three

outer segments with a broad membranous longitudinal dorsal

wing produced downwards on the pedicel. Stamens eight,

impertect, filaments half as long as the perianth; anthers

small, without pollen. Ovary ellipsoid, trigonous; stigmas

three, short, truncate, tips fimbriate.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, fruiting perianth of female flower; 2, the same laid open, showing the

stamens and ovary, both enlarged ; 3, fruiting raceme of the natural size.

AB. del JN Pitch Lith

eve & C° London

Tas. 6477,

MAXILLARIA PORPHYROSTELE.

Native of South Brazil.

Nat. Ord. Orcu1pex.—Tribe VanpEx.

Genus Maxittaria, Ruiz et Pav.; (Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orchid. p. 150.)

Maxitiaria (Uniflore) porphyrostele; acaulis, pseudobulbis ovoideo-orbiculatis

' compressis subsuleatis lateribus obtusis, foliis 2 ligulatis obtusis basi angus-

tatis, scapis radicalibus 1-floris, bracteis vaginantibus viridibus subacutis inferne

imbricatis supremo subcucullato obtuso ovarium subsquante, sepalis subacutis

incurvis stramineis dorsali oblongo vix fornicato, lateralibus subdeflexis basi

latioribus, petalis angustioribus ascendentibus incurvis linearibus subacutis

stramineis medio basin versus purpurascente, mento obtuso, labello trilobo, lobis

lateralibus auriculeformibus erectis marginibus incurvis aureis purpureo striatis,

_intermedio orbiculari-oblongo obtuso planiusculo basi callo tuberculeformi

aucto pallide aureo, columna purpurea.

M. porphyrostele, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1873, p. 978.

A native of the Rio Grande de Sul province of Brazil,

whence it was imported by Mr. Bull, with whom it first

flowered in 1873. Its nearest ally is the M. picta, Hook.,

figured at Tab. 3154 of this work, a native of the Organ

Mountains (Rio de Janeiro), and which differs in the pseudo- -

. bulbs, fewer bracts, and in the colouring of the much larger

very sweet-scented flowers. Both belong to the largest

section of the genus, many of which have a good deal the

habits of Indian Coelogynes, which genus Mazillaria in

some respects represents in America. Reichenbach describes

the pseudo-bulbs of this species as covered with numerous

wrinkles, which not being the case in the specimen here

figured, is probably due to a want of ripening, or to a too

advanced state of that organ, which in a healthy condition

is perfectly smooth. The flowers, which are copiously pro-

duced, have no scent, but owing to their bright golden

colour the plant is a very attractive one. The specimen

figured is from a plant about a foot in diameter, which is

covered with flowers in the early months of the year.

Desor. Pseudo-bulbs one inch long and hardly so broad,

FEBRUARY Ist, 1880,

orbicular-ovoid, compressed, with blunt margins, obscurely

grooved, quite smooth and even, not contracted into a neck;

spathes narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, brown, equalling

the pseudo-bulb. Leaves two from each pseudo-bulb, five

to seven inches long by one half an inch broad, obtuse,

keeled, narrowed at the base, deep green, midrib yellowish.

Scapes from the base of the pseudo-bulb, much shorter than

the leaves, one-flowered, with four to six green subacute

sheathing bracts, the lower of which are imbricate; the

uppermost is three-quarters of an inch long, rather inflated,

obtuse, almost as long as the ovary. Flowers about one and

a quarter inch broad, pale golden-yellow within, with a

purple median stripe towards the base of the petals, paler

without. Sepals incurved, dorsal arching, linear-oblong,

subacute; lateral more lanceolate, much broader at the base,

somewhat deflexed. Petals shorter than the sepals, ascend-

ing and incurved, their tips meeting under the dorsal sepal,

narrowly linear-oblong, subacute. Lip rather shorter than

the petals, three-lobed, claw short, sharply incurved; lateral

lobes ear-shaped, erect, margins incurved, yellow streaked

with purple; mid-lobe larger, orbicular-oblong, tip rounded,

nearly flat, with a tubercular callus at the base, pale golden-

yellow. Column slender, purple. Pollen-masses two,

ellipsoid, each furrowed in front; caudicle short, small,

subglobose; gland ragged.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Column (misrepresented) and lip; 2, column; 3, lateral view of lip and

column; 4 and 5, pollen-masses :—all enlarged.

6978.

M.S.del J.N.FitchTith Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp

L Reeve & C2 London

Tas. 6478.

: PHYTEUMA comosvm.

Native of the Austrian Alps.

Nat. Ord. CAaMPANULACEH.—Tribe CAMPANULEA.

Genus Puyrevma, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pi. vol. ii. p. 561.)

Payteuma (Synotoma) comosum ; glabrum, caulibus e rhizomate ramoso gracilibus

decumbentibus dein ascendentibus simplicibus, foliis polymorphis radicalibus

cordatis v. orbicularibus longe gracile petiolatis, caulinis brevius petiolatis

lanceolatis ovatis ellipticis ovato-lanceolatisve omnibus grosse et argute den-

tatis, floribus umbellatim capitatis, capitulo bracteis foliaceis involucrato,

cealycis lobis filiformi-subulatis, corolla basi inflata subglobosa 5-rimosa dein in

tubum tenuem ore minuto desinente, ovario 2-loculari.

P. comosum, Linn. Sp. Pl. vol. i. p. 242; DC. Prodr. vol. vii. p. 450; Jacg. Fl.

Austr, Append. t.50; Reich. Ic. Fl. Germ. vol. xix. t.1579 ; Sturm Deutsch.

Flora, vol. vi. t. 22; Tratin. Archiv. t. 364,

A very rare and interesting little plant, hardy, and for

the first time introduced into cultivation in Britain by

George Maw, Esq., F.L.S., who procured roots at Monte

Tombea in the Southern Tyrol, and transporting them to

his rich collection at Benthall Hall, flowered them in July of

last year. As a species it is unique in the genus as to the

form of the corolla, the lobes of which are free only in the

inflated basal part, and are above that combined into a very

slender tube, with an entire or merely toothed mouth, which

closely sheaths the style; in all the other species of the

genus, of which there are between forty and fifty, the

corolline lobes, though coherent for a considerable period

before fertilization is effected, are finally free. In P. comoswm

the openings at the base of the corolla are no doubt efficient

promoters of cross-fertilization, for insects seeking the

honey secreted by the disk capping the ovary, would ine-

vitably carry away pollen with them, wherewith to dust

the forest of exserted stigmas.

P. comosum is a native of the Eastern Alps of Austria,

Lombardy, Istria, Dalmatia, and Transylvania, where it

inhabits elevations of 4000 to 5000 feet, its favourite site

FEBRUARY Ist, 1880.

being on dry rocks. The specimen figured is a very small

one; those preserved in the Herbarium have radical leaves

an inch broad on capillary petioles three to five inches long,

and heads of flowers three inches in diameter, and there are

often thirty to forty flowers in a head.

Descr. <A perfectly glabrous herb. oot-stock short,

woody, branched. Stem, many from the root, slender, de-

cumbent, then ascending, three to five inches long. Leaves,

radical on filiform petioles three to six inches long; blade

orbicular or cordate, one to one and a half inches in

diameter, deeply coarsely acutely toothed; cauline two to

five inches long, lanceolate elliptic or ovate, narrowed into

a long or short petiole, coarsely toothed like the radical

leaves, the teeth sometimes a quarter of an inch long.

Flowers ten to thirty, forming an umbelliform terminal head,

involucrate by sessile or petioled broad or narrow leaves ;

pedicels a quarter of an inch long. Calyz-tube small, cylin-

dric ; teeth filiform, one-eighth of an inch long. Corolla

three-quarters to one inch long, curved; inflated portion

pale lilac with five slits; tubular portion darker purple,

very slender, closely embracing the style; mouth entire or

five-toothed. Stamens with slender glabrous filaments,

rather shorter than very slender subulate anthers. Ovary

two-celled ; style very long, the exserted portion equalling

the corolla-tube in length, pubescent; stigmas two, long or

short, slender, papillose.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower ; 2, vertical section of ovary and calyx, with portion of base of

corolla, stamens, and style; 3, stamen ; 4, apex of style and stigmas:—qall enlarged.

6479.

\e] SEE

eee

Re oe il

‘on, imp

Vincent Bréoks Day &

Pitch, Lath

MS.del JN

Reeve & Co London

Tap. 64.79,

RUBUS praentconastus.

Native of Japan.

Nat. Ord. Rosacem.—Tribe Ruspez.

Genus Rusus, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. J. Gen. Pl. vol. iv. p. 616.)

Rusvs phenicolasius; caulibus elongatis teretibus cum petiolis costa folioram

_ pedunculisque tomentellis et setis glanduliferis rectis elongatis patentibus rubro-

purpureis dense obsitis, setis caulinis inferioribus demum eglandulosis cum

aculeis in caule fertili recurvis in sterili rectis tenuibus immixtis, foliis pinnatim

3-foliolatis, foliolis superne glabris subtus niveo-tomentosis crenato-serratis

lateralibus sessilibus late oblique ovatis acuminatis, terminali simplici ovato

‘acuminato v, majore latiore et 3-5-lobo, basi rotundato v. cordato, stipulis

linearibus persistentibus, racemis terminalibus et axillaribus, floribus longiuscule

pedicellatis, calycis segmentis elongato-lanceolatis petala minuta obovata longe

superantibus, fructu succulento rubro, carpellis numerosis,

R. phenicolasius, Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Imp. St. Petersb. viii. 393.

PR. occidentalis, Thunb. Fl. Jap. p. 216.

A singularly handsome bramble, introduced from Japan

into Europe by Dr. Maximoviex, and communicated to us

from the Jardin des Plantes of Paris by M. Decaisne. For

the first year it was put in the open ground amongst the

hardy species of Rubus, but being nearly killed during the

succeeding winter, I transferred it to the Temperate House,

where it thrives luxuriantly in an open border, climbing a

‘pole ten feet high, and would much higher if allowed,

flowering in Midsummer and bearing in autumn a profusion

of scarlet berries. It is, no doubt, allied, as its author

observes, to the common Raspberry, which is also a native

of Japan, but differs in its climbing habit, racemose Bowers,

and petals, and in the fruit, which, though eatable, is

mawkish. The flowers are very inconspicuous, owing to-

the small size of the petals; and the calyx lobes, which close

over the ripening fruit, spread out again horizontally when

the latter is ripe.

MARCH Ist, 1880.

Drscr. Stem tall, subscandent, round, robust below ;

branches slender, together with the petioles midrib of the _

leaflets beneath, peduncles and calyx clothed with close-set

long spreading stiff gland tipped red-purple hairs, which in

the lower part of the stem are giandless, and are mixed

with slender straight or recurved prickles. Leaves five to

seven inches long, pinnately 3-foliolate, or uppermost simple,

petiole and rachis slender; leaflets green and glabrous

above, covered with snow-white tomentum beneath, crenate-

serrate; lateral sessile, ovate, acute; terminal larger and

similar, or broader and three- to five-lobed; base rounded

or cordate; stipules linear, persistent. Racemes terminal

and eight- to ten-flowered, or shorter few-flowered and

axillary. J"luwers pedicelled, pedicels a quarter to three-

— quarters of an inch long; bracts linear. Calyx one and a

half to two inches in diameter, segments spreading in.

flower, narrowly lanceolate, acuminate. Petals minute,

erect, between spathulate and trapezoid, crenate, claw

ciliate, pale rose-red. Stamens very short. Carpels hairy.

Fruit ovoid-oblong, three-quarters of an inch long, of forty

or more ellipsoid scarlet glabrous drupes. Seed rugose.—

J D. A,

Fig. 1, glandular hairs and prickles from lower part of branch; 2, petal; 3,

stamens ; 4, carpels; 5, fruit :-—all but Jig. 5 enlarged.

6480.

London

Reeve & Bid

Tas. 6480.

PITCAIRNIA ANDREANA.

Native of Venezuela and New Granada.

Nat. Ord. Bromren1aces.—Tribe PrtcarRNIEZ.

Genus Pircarrnta, L’Herit.; (K. Koch in Walp. Ann, vol. vi. p. 78).

Prrcarrn1a Andreana ; acaulis, foliis basalibus rosulatis, exterioribus rudimentariis

nullo modo spinosis, interioribus productis 4-6 loratis acutis integris pedalibus

vel sesquipedalibus facie viridibus conspicue albo-lepidotis dorso subtiliter per-

sistenter albo-lepidotis, pedunculo brevi lepidoto foliis paucis consimilibus

reductis predito, racemo simplici compacto paucifloro, pedicellis brevibus

ascendentibus, bracteis parvis lanceolatis, sepalis lanceolatis viridibus tenuiter

lepidotis, petalis oblanceolatis obtusis splendide rubro-luteis calyce triplo longi-

oribus, genitalibus petalis aquilongis.

P. Andreana, Linden in Ill. Hort. New Series, vol. xx. $. 139.

P. lepidota, Regel in Act. Hort. Petrop. vol. ii. p. 435.

This new Pitcairnia is remarkable in the genus for its

dwarf habit, broad entire mealy leaves, and simple close

raceme of very large bright-coloured flowers, which shade

off from scarlet to bright yellow. -One of its nearest allies

is P. flavescens, figured Bot. Mag. tab. 6318, a species which

I find by comparison with an authenticated example kindly

lent to us by the late Dr. Karl Koch, to be identical with

the earlier-named P. zanthocalyz of Martius. The present

plant was introduced by Linden in 1872 from the province

of Choco in New Granada, and about the same time was

sent home from Venezuela by Roezl. Our drawing was

made from a specimen that flowered at Kew in July, 1879,

which was received from Dr. Regel.

Duscr. Whole plant under a foot high. Leaves aggre-

gated in a basal rosette, the outer undeveloped ones

entirely without spines on the edge, the inner developed

ones not more than four or six, lorate, chartaceous in

texture, acute, a foot or a foot and a half long, an inch or

an inch and a half broad at the middle, narrowed to about

a third of an inch above the base, the face green, scattered

MARCH Ist, 1880.

over with conspicuous white lepidote scales, the back finely

persistently white lepidote all over, the edge quite entire.

Pedunele four or six inches long, finely lepidote, furnished

with several reduced leaves. Raceme simple, four or six

inches long ; pedicels ascending, not more than a quarter or

a third of an inch long; bracts small, lanceolate. Calyx

about three-quarters of an inch long, the base adnate to the

ovary ; segments lanceolate, green, horny, thinly lepidote.

Petals oblanceolate, about two inches and a_ half long,

unilateral in the expanded flower, bright scarlet in the

lower part, passing into bright red upwards. Stamens

nearly as long as the petals; anthers erect, linear, a quarter

of an inch long. Style-arms strongly twisted.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, scale from the upper side of the leaf; 2, anthers ; 3, pistil; 4, style-arms

untwisted ; 5, style-arms, with their natural twist ; 6, horizontal section of ovary :

—all magnified, except 3.

648].

A.B. del, JN Ritch Lith.

Vincent Brooks Day kSon imp.

L.Reeve & C° London

Tas. 6481.

HYPERICUM aeoyvrrracun.

Native of N. Africa and the Levant.

Nat. Ord. HyPEricine®.—Tribe HYPERICER.

Genus Hypericum, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 165.)

Hyrericum (Triadenia) egyptiacum ; fruticosum, erectum v. decumbens, glaberri-

mum, glaucum, foliis parvis oppositis ovatis acutis enerviis coriaceis superne

concavis subtus subcarinatis, floribus ad apices ramulorum lateralium subsessili-

bus parvis, sepalis oblongis obtusis eglandulosis, petalis obovato-spathulatis supra

unguem medio tuberculatis, phalangis 3 staminum glandulis hypogynis alter-

nantibus, carpellis 3 brevibus, stylis brevissimis, ovulis paucis.

H. egyptiacum, Linn. Amen: Acad. vol. viii. p. 323, t. 8, f.3; DC. Prodr. vol.i.

p- 549; Bot. Reg. t. 196.

Triadenia microphylla, et thymifolia, Spach in Ann. Se. Nat. ser. 2, vol. v. p. 173,

t. 4.

T. egyptiaca, Boiss. Fl. Orient. vol. i. p. 783.

The specific name of this pretty little shrub is unfor-

tunate, for it has never, as far as at present known, been

found in Egypt. It has however an extensive range in the

Mediterranean islands and coasts; I have examined speci-

mens from Lampedusa, Cephalonia, Zante, and Sphacteria,

and it hence may possibly occur on the coast of Egypt

westward of the Nile, which has never been explored by a

botanist. Its western limit is Cape Agadir in Southern

Morocco, on the shores of the Atlantic, where it has been

discovered by a collector employed by M. Cosson in that

district (which is impenetrable by Christians) since the

publication of my fellow-traveller Mr. Ball’s “ Spicilegium

Maroccanum.”’ It is difficult to believe that H. maritimum

Sieber and H. Webbii Spach, which differ only in the length

of the styles, are anything but sexual states of H. egyptia-

cum: of these the first is a native of Crete, as well as of

Malta, whence we have specimens from Mr. Duthie, and the

latter of the Ionian Islands. ,

In its native state H. egyptiacum is a very low-growing,

often prostrate, small shrub, with very woody stout trunk

MARCH Ist, 1880.

and lower branches, but under cultivation against a wall

at Kew it assumes an upright more twiggy habit, in which

respect it accords with the figure in the “ Botanical

South Lambeth. It was introduced into cultivation nearly

one hundred years ago, namely in 1787, by Mr. Thouin,

and flowers freely in late autumn (October), when from

‘the abundance of bloom it forms a very pretty object: it

is moreover very hardy, the specimen at Kew having sur-

vived the last hard winter with no other protection but some

cocoa-nut fibre on the ground around the base of the stem.

The leaves a good deal resemble those of the New Zealand

Veronica pinguifolia.

Descor. A small erect or prostrate woody perfectly

glabrous shrub; branches erect, leafy. Leaves very small

and uniform, one-third of an inch long, opposite, sessile,

ovate, acute, coriaceous, nerveless, keeled at the back,

concave in front. lowers solitary on the ends of short

lateral branches, shortly pedicelled; pedicels two-bracteo-

late. Sepals oblong, obtuse, concave, eglandular. Petals

obovate-spathulate, subacute, pale golden-yellow, with a

tubercle on the face above the claw. Stamens in three

bundles, which alternate with as many two-lobed hypogy-

nous glands. Carpels three, with very short styles and

capitate —— —J. D. H.

Fig. 1, flower cut longitudinally ; 2, bundle of stamens; 3, carpels and hypogy-

nous glands :—all enlarged,

Vincent Brooks Day &Son inp.

M.S. del, JIN Fitch, Lith,

Tap. 6482,

WAHLENBERGIA tevorronta.

Native of Dalmatia.

Nat. Ord. Campanunacex.—Tribe CampanvuLen.

Genus WanLenperaiA, Schrad.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 555.)

Wau enserata (Edraianthus) tenuifolia; acaulis, foliis gramineis anguste lineari-

elongatis glabriusculis spinuloso-ciliolatis ciliolis erecto-incurvis, ramis floriferis

patentim pilosis decumbentibus, floribus capitatis bracteato-involucratis, bracteis

hirsutis e basi late ovata v. suborbiculata lineari-elongatis subacutis exterioribus

flores superantibus, calycis hirsuti segmentis subulatis sinubus edentatis, corolla

infundibulari-campanulata, filamentis liberis late ovato-subulatis hirsutis, stylo

patentim piloso apice glabro attenuato, stigmatibus brevibus.

W. tenuifolia e¢ dalmatica, Alph. DC. Monog. Campan. pp. 133, 134.

Edraianthus tenuifolius e¢ dalmaticus, A/ph. DC. Prodr. vol. vii. p. 449.

E. tenuifolius, Boiss. Fl. Orient. vol. iii. p. 887; Reichb. in Fl. Germ. vol. xix.

t. 1589.

Campanula tenuifolia, Waldst. et Kit. Pl. Rar. Hung. vol. ii. p. 168, t. 155.

C. graminifolia, Host, Fl, Austr. vol. i. p. 268, excl. syn.

The genus Hdraianthus was established by Alphonse

De Candolle (in the “ Prodromus’’), for a small group of

plants, originally placed in Campanula, and on the division

of that genus rightly referred to Wahlenbergia, from which

latter it differs solely in the very peculiar habit of all the spe-

cies, which are stemless, with linear grassy radical leaves, and

suberect or decumbent flowering branches bearing heads of

sessile flowers, which are involucrate by imbricating bracts.

About four species are known, all natives of Southern

Austria (Dalmatia, Croatia, and Transylvania), except one,

which I have not seen, the FH. Owerinianus of Ruprecht, a

native of the Caucasus, and which from the description

must differ very widely from its European congeners. Of

the latter, EZ. dalmaticus appears to me to be identical

with H. tenuifolius, and is iadeed a native of the same

mountains; the glabrous flowering-stems, on which the

MaRCH Ist, 1880. |

specific distinction is founded, being a most inconstant

character in the specimens I have examined. From W.

Kitaibelii, figured at Tab. 6188 of this work, this species

differs conspicuously in the long involucral bracts, as also

in the absence of accessory teeth in the sinus between the

calyx-segments, a character omitted in the plate referred to.

W. tenuifolia flowered in the rock-work at Kew, from

roots received from M. Frébel of Zurich, under the name

of Edraianthus caudatus, a species differing from this in

the very short broad calyx-segments; it flowered in August

of last year.

Descor. Root stout, spindle-shaped, giving off from the

crown a tuft of slender leaves, and several procumbent

flowering-stems. Leaves one and a half to four inches

long, by one-eighth of an inch wide, glabrous or hairy,

margins with slender spinulose teeth, which are erect and

curved inwards on the surface of the leaf. Flowering-stems

usually shorter than the leaves, hairy or glabrate, with few

linear leaves, which are much shorter than the radical ones.

Heads two inches in diameter, four- to eight-flowered ;

bracts one to one and a half inches long, linear from a

broadly ovate or almost orbicular base, hairy, the outer

longer than the flowers, flexuous. lowers sessile. Calya-

tube short; segments linear, hairy. Corolla half to three-

quarters of an inch long, narrowly campanulate, pubescent,

pale violet-blue. Filaments broadly ovate-subulate, hairy.

Style thickened upwards and hairy, suddenly contracted

into a glabrous top with two short stigmas.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, flower ; 2, calyx-tube, stamens, and style; 3, stamens; 4, stigmas; 5,

_ vertical section of ovary ; 6, marginal cilia of leaves :—all but fig. 1 enlarged.

eas hep B&O 1 ss % ot - rae Sy nan Lf a = 7 ii arr i i a

, 6483,

oks Day & Son Imp

ce)

Vincent Br

London

eeve & |

Tar. 6482.

CRINUM PODOPAYLLUM.

Native of Old Calabar.

Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDACEEZ.—Sub-order AMARYLLIDER.

Genus Crinum, Linn. ; (Kunth. Enum. vol. v. p. 547.)

Crinum podophyllum ; bulbo parvo ovoideo, collo nullo modo producto, foliis 5-6

lanceolatis subpedalibus medio 13-2 poll. latis deorsum in petiolum brevem

canaliculatum angustatis margine obscure ciliatis, scapo laterali ancipiti vix

dali, spathz valvis lanceolatis, floribus paucis perfecte scssilibus 8-9 poll.

Lincis, tubo cylindrivo erecto apice curvato, limbi horizontalis segmentis

oblanceolato-oblongis acutis tubo duplo brevioribus albis extus viridi tinctis

preter apicem diu conniventibus, staminibus declinatis limbo paulo brevioribus,

antheris magnis pulline luteo, stigmate capitato.

This new Crinum, in its spreading undulated leaves and

dwarf stature most resembles C. Careyanum (Bot. Mag.

tab. 2466), but in its very long tube and fewer flowers

comes nearer its geographical ally C. gigantewm (Bot. Mag.

tab. 5205). The bulbs were sent not long ago from

Old Calabar by the Rev. Hugh Goldie, and it flowered

at Kew for the first time in November, 1879. Probably

under further cultivation the leaves will be larger and the

flowers more numerous than in the specimen drawn.

Descr. Bulb ovoid, an inch and a half in diameter,

without any produced neck, the outer tunics pale brown.

Leaves five or six in a rosette, cotemporary with the

flowers, lanceolate, thin in texture for the genus and much

-undulated, spreading widely, about a foot long, acute, an

inch and a half or two inches broad at the middle, narrowed

gradually into a short deeply-channelled petiole. Scape

ancipitous, lateral, erect, under a foot long. Flowers two

in the specimen drawn, perfectly sessile, almost inodorous,

eight or nine inches long. Spathe-valves two, lanceolate,

green, erect. Ovary oblong. Perianth tube cylindrical,

erect, curved at the top, five or six inches long; limb hori-

MARCH Ist, 1880.

zontal, half as long as the tube, milk-white, tinted with

green on the outside, without any red, the oblanceolate-

oblong acute segments spreading at the tip only when

fully expanded. Stamens nearly as long as the limb;

anthers linear, eight or nine lines long, very versatile ;

pollen yellow. Style reaching nearly to the tip of the seg-

ments, pure white; stigma capitate.—J. G. Baker.

Tas. 6484.

CONANDRON RramonptorpEs.

Native of Japan.

Nat. Ord. GEsSNERACER.—Tribe CyrTANDREA.

Genus Conanpron, Sieb. et Zucc.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 1024.)

ConaNnDRON ramondioides ; acaulis, rhizomate subtuberoso apice viilis sericeis

brunneis onusto, foliis oblongo- v. elliptico-ovatis subsessilibus v. in petiolum

nudum v. late alatum eroso-dentatum contractis, acutis v. acuminatis irregula-

riter argute eroso-dentatis membranaceis glabris, basi interdum valde obliquo

v. ineequali cordato v. abrupte v. sensim angustato, scapis nudis hirsutis v.

glabratis, cymis multifloris nutantibus, floribus pedicellatis albis v. roseis,

calycis laciniis linearibus.

C. ramondioides, Sieb. et Zuce. in Abh. Munch. Akad. vol. iii. 2, p. 729, t. 3, f. 1;

Miquel, Prolus. Fl. Japon. p. 55; A. DC. Prodr, vol. ix, p. 273; Maximov,

in Bull. Acad. Petersb. vol. xix. p. 587; Mel. Biol. vol. ix. p. 370; Masters

in Gard. Chron. 1879, p. 232.

This very interesting plant has been elaborately described

by Dr. Masters in the ‘‘ Gardeners’ Chronicle” cited above,

and to its description that botanist has added full observa-

tions on its affinities and geographical relations to various

allied or similar plants. The sum of these latter is, that

Conandron is an aberrant member of a group of Gesnera-

ceous plants, which spans the middle mountain regions of

the Old World from Spain to Japan. Thus, it is represented

in the Western Pyrenees by Ramondia pyrenaica (see Tab.

236, Verbascum Myconi), which indeed is its nearest relative ;

by a second species of that genus in Greece, by a third in

Servia, and by Haberlea in the Balkan. From this last

point there is a hiatus, till the Himalaya are reached, no

representative having been hitherto discovered in the

Caucasus or mountains of N. Persia; but in the Himalaya

Didymocarpus takes up the eastward representation, and

Bea (see Tab. 6468) terminates it in N. China. Wul/enia,

which is European and Himalayan, is intercalated by Dr.

Masters, as is the Japanese and American genus Shortia ;

but these have, I think, no affinity with the above or with

MakCH Ist, 1880.

Conandron. In a botanical point of view, its most remark-

able character is its regular perianth, which is exceptional

not only in the order to which it belongs, but in a great

extent to the whole group of Personales.

The Conandron was introduced from Japan by Messrs.

Veitch, who sent the specimen here figured in July of last

year; it has a tolerably wide range in Japan, inhabiting

moist rocks in the mountains of Nippon and Kiusiu.

Drsor. Root-stock tuberous, crowned with a tuft of silky

brown hairs. Leaves four to seven inches long, all radical,

subsessile or petioled, oblong or oblong-ovate or elliptic,

acute or acuminate, irregularly acutely toothed, glabrous,

often bullate between the spreading reticulating nerves ;

petiole either slender and naked, or broadly winged, the

wing undulated and toothed like the leaf-blade. Scapes one

to four, shorter than the leaves, hairy or glabrate, curved,

quite naked. Cymes compound, drooping, pubescent, six-

to twelve-flowered. Flowers pedicelled. Calyx-lobes slender.

Corolla one inch in diameter, white or pink with a purplish

eye ; tube very short, funnel-shaped, lobes spreading, ovate,

acute, tips recurved. Stamens five, equal, filaments very

short ; anthers broadly oblong, with the connective pro-

duced into a long point, both cells and connectives connate

into a beaked tube. Ovary elongate, narrowed into a

slender style with a minute capitate stigma. Capsules one-

third to one-half of an inch long, membranous, terete, lanceo-

late, terminated by the persistent style. Seeds very minute,

narrowly ellipsoid or oblong, narrowed at both ends, usually

slightly curved in a sigmoid manner; testa pale brown,

quite smooth.—_J. D. H.

Fig. 1, fruiting cyme; 2, stamens; 3, pistil; 4, transverse section of pistil :-—

all but fig. 1 enlarged, : a F

Vincent Brooks Day & Son, imp.

el: IN. Fitch, lth:

M.S.

L. Reeve & C9 Leeuben:

Tas. 6485,

CYANANTHUS tozarvs.

Native of the Himalayan Mountains.

Nat. Ord. CampanvuLace®.—Tribe CAMPANULER.

Genus Cranantuus, Wall.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p- 557.)

Cyanantuus lobatus; caulibus adscendentibus foliosis pilosis villosis v. glabratis,

foliis glabratis cuneato-obovatis v. spathulatis irregulariter 3-5-lobatis v. inciso-

crenatis, floribus breviter pedunculatis magnis speciosis, calycis tubo cylindraceo

subinflato atro dense villoso breviter 5-lobo, lobis triangulari-lanceolatis, corolla

lxete violaceze lobis patenti-recurvis late obovatis apiculatis apicibus barbellatis.

C. lobatus, Wall. Cat. no. 1473; Benth. in Royle Ill. Himat. Pl. p. 309, t. 69,

f. 1; Lindl. in Bot. Reg. N.S. vol. xx. t.6; Regel Gartenft. t. 888; Hook.f.

and Thoms. in Journ. Linn, Soc. vol. ii. p. 19.

This is certainly one of the most beautiful of the alpine

Himalayan herbaceous plants, forming broad patches on

the bare mountain flanks at elevations of 12,000 to 14,000

feet from Kumaon eastwards to Sikkim, enlivened with a

profusion of brilliant violet-blue horizontal or nodding

flowers. It was discovered in Kumaon and Nepal by

Wallich’s collectors in 1821, and was introduced into the

Horticultural Gardens in 1845 by that gallant soldier and

accomplished botanist, General Munro, C.B., whose lamented

death took place a few weeks ago. ‘There, however, it

seems to have flowered very imperfectly, the specimen

figured in the Botanical Register having a shorter green

faintly hairy calyx, and pale corolla with narrower lobes

than in the specimen here figured. In his description of

the plant Dr. Lindley alludes to the anomalous character of

its wholly superior ovary and naked style, as opposed to its

being placed in Campanulacee, to which Order Bentham

had rightly referred it, and wherein it has been retained by

all succeeding botanists.

Cyananthus lobatus may be successfully treated as a rock-

APRIL Ist, 1880,

work plants, and though once long lost to cultivation, is not

likely to be so again, now that herbaceous plants are fast

becoming favourites with intelligent collectors. The speci-

men here figured was raised from Himalayan seeds, and

flowered in the open border in July and August.

Descr. A soft densely tufted low herb, with faintly milky

juice. Stems decumbent, sending up numerous ascending

slender usually simple one-flowered leafy branches, that are

covered with brown spreading hairs or glabrate. Leaves

one-half to one inch long, alternate, narrowly cuneate or

cuneate-obovate, three- to five-lobed, the lobes entire or

crenately cut, narrowed into a broad petiole, glabrous or

sparingly hairy. Flowers solitary, terminal, erect in bud,

then horizontal, one to one and a quarter of an inch long.

Calyz broadly tubular and somewhat inflated, brown-black

and clothed densely with dark brown long soft hairs; lobes

about one-fourth the length of the tube, triangular-lanceo-

late, acute, erect. Corolla-tube broad, longer than the calyx;

limb one to one and a quarter of an inch in diameter, throat

open, bearded; lobes spreading and recurved, deep violet-

blue, paler towards the throat, obovate with a minute

bearded point. Stamens forming a membranous five-toothed

tube around the ovary, filaments at length free and slender;

anthers remaining united and bursting inwards. Ovary

wholly superior, ovoid, five-grooved and five-celled; style

rather short, glabrous, stigma with five short spreading

teeth.—J. D. H. ;

Fig. 1, young ovary and staminal tube; 2, stamens; 3, transverse section of

ovary :—all enlarged.

6486.

E.AO. del. J.NFitch Lith. ite Vincent, Brooks Day &Son imp

1 Reeve & C® London.

Tas. 6486.

LONICERA TomMENTELLA.

Native of the Sikkim Himalaya.

Nat. Ord. CapriroLt1acE®.—Tribe LoNICERER.

Genus Lonicera, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 5.)

LonicEra (Xylosteum) tomentella ; erecta, ramulis rigidis strictis foliisque subtus

pilosis tomentellisve, foliis parvis breviter petiolatis ovato-oblongis obtusis

coriaceis supra glabris v. puberulis opacis nervis inconspicuis, petiolo tomentoso,

pedunculis axillaribus solitariis v. 2-nis brevibus tomentosis 2-floris, bracteis

parvis lineari-oblongis recurvis, bracteolis in cupulam basin ovariorum amplec-

tentem glabram connatis, floribus pendulis albis inodoris, ovariis liberis v.

per paria connatis glabris, calyce breviter 5-dentato, corolle tubo anguste

infundibulari piloso, limbi subzqualis lobis brevibus rotundatis, stylo glabro,

baccis piriformibus globosis v. didymis, seminibus parvis.

L. tomentella, Hook. f. and Thoms. in Journ, Linn. Soe. vol. ii. p. 167; C. B.

Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. iii. p. 12 (ined.).

Honeysuckles abound in the Himalaya, where no fewer

than twenty-two species have been detected, some of which

attain an elevation of 16,000 feet above the sea-level. The

Indian mountains are, in fact, the head-quarters of the genus,

all Kurope containing but seventeen species; the Oriental

region (from Greece to Affghanistan) possesses exactly the

same number, according to Boissier’s ‘ Flora Orientalis ;”

the Russian dominions from the Baltic to the Pacific Ocean

contain only thirteen, and North America about a dozen.

I. tomentella is a native of the interior valleys of the

Sikkim Himalaya, at elevations of 8,000 to 12,000 feet,.

where I discovered it in 1849, forming a shrub ten to twelve

feet high. The specimen figured was from a plant culti-

vated at Kew from seeds, sent by me in the above-mentioned

year ; it flowers annually in July.

Dezscr. A rigid bush, ten to twelve feet high, with stiff

spreading branches and slender usually densely softly

- tomentose branchlets. eaves two-thirds to one and a half

inch long, subdistichous, shortly petioled, ovate-oblong or

APRIL Ist, 1880.

almost elliptic, rounded at both ends, dark dull-green and

puberulous or glabrous and opaque above, paler beneath and

more or less pubescent or tomentose; midrib stout, nerves

obscure ; petiole one-tenth to one-eighth of an inch long,

tomentose. Peduneles axillary, solitary or in pairs (from

opposite axils), very short, rarely one-sixth of an inch long,

decurved, two-flowered, densely tomentose; bracts small,

linear-oblong, spreading and recurved, green; bracteoles

united into a glabrous cup which embraces the bases of the

ovaries. Flowers in pairs, the ovaries glabrous, united or

free. Calyz-tube hardly produced, with five triangular teeth.

Corolla two-thirds of an inch long, tube narrowly funnel-

shaped, not gibbous at the base, slightly hairy, white ; limb

of five subequal short rounded spreading lobes, white tinged

with pink. Stamens included. Ovary two- to three-celled.

Style glabrous, stigma capitate. Berries the size of a small

pea, globose, blue-black, many-seeded.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, flowers, bracts, and peduncles; 2, corolla laid open; 3, bracteoles and

ovaries ; 4, stamens; 5, style and stigma; 6, fruit :—all enlarged.

gw spettisieeee

wibabatins

denen Do oor

poprenearet

se ie

Reeve &C? London

Tas. 6487.

EICHORNTA AZUREA.

Native of Brazil.

Nat. Ord. PonTEDERIACEE.

Genus Ercnornia, Kunth. ; (Enum. Plant. vol. iv. p. 129.)

ErcHornia azurea; rhizomate crasso, foliis orbiculatis v. rhombeo-orbiculatis

obtusis in petiolum elongatum crassum basi vix intumescentem angustatis,

pedunculo crasso in spatham solitariam brevem recurvam obtusam dilatato,

racemo multifloro, rachi robusto, floribus 2-nis breviter pedicellatis sparsis,

perianthio extus piloso, segmentis obovato-oblongis obtusis exterioribus

majoribus, interioribus marginibus erosis, staminibus fere inclusis, superioribus

subeequaliter insertis 3 inferiorum postico demissius inserto, filamentis omnium

brevibus subulatis subzquilongis puberulis, stylo gracili puberulo,

E. azurea, Kunth, Enum. Plant. vol. iv. p. 129; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 590;

Seubert in Mart. Fl. Bras. vol. iii. parti. p.90; Schlecht. in Halle Abhandl.

Nat. Gesell. vol. vi. p. 149, ewm Ic.; Hemsley in The Garden, 1880, p. 220.

Pontederia azurea, Swartz, Fl. Ind. Oce. vol.i. p. 609 (non Bot. Mag. t. 2932).

P. tumida, Willd: Herb. n. 6369 (ex Kunth, l. c.).

P. aquatica, Vell. Fl. Flum. Ie. vol. iii. t. 164.

The plants belonging to the Order Pontederiaceew are de-

scribed in systematic works ina very unsatisfactory manner;

this is due to the fact that their very fugacious flowers

cannot be analyzed in herbarium specimens, on account of

their membranous consistence, and to the variations to

which the leaves and stems of the same plant are subject,

according to whether it grows in deep or shallow water or

inmud. The genus Pontederia of Linnzeus was in 1843

rightly divided into two by Kunth, who retained the old

name for the species with one-ovuled ovarian cells, and

founded upon the many-ovuled the new genus LHichornia.

Seubert, in Martius and Endlicher’s Flora of Brazil, has

adopted those genera, describing six 8. American species

of the former and eight of Fichornia. It is with the latter

we have to do in the matter of the plant here figured, and

APRIL Ist, 1880.

I am unable from the descriptions to refer it altogether

satisfactorily to any described species. Of these, only one

of the species with racemose inflorescence has been hitherto

well figured, namely, that referred (t. 2932) to Swartz’s

Pontederia azurea (which is also figured in Martius’ “ Nova

Genera et Species,” as P. crassipes, Martius). This Kunth

considers not to be Swartz’s plant, and makes a new species

of it; H. speciosa, Kth. In so doing he is very probably

justified, though it is to be regretted that he did not retain

Martius’ characteristic name of crassipes, especially as he

quotes that author’s description and figure. Swartz’s P.

azurea, then, is Kunth’s Hichornia azurea, and the doubt

in my mind is whether the subject of the present plate is

referable to it. On the one hand, it appears to agree with

a specimen of the only Jamaica species known to me which

could be considered as Swartz’s azwrea, gathered by Purdie,

and which Grisebach considers the true one; on the other

hand, neither Swartz, nor P. Browne in his full description,

alludes to the beautifully-toothed inner perianth segment

of our plant, nor can the latter author’s description of the |

Stamens be regarded as quite satisfactory: “ filamenta..3

superiora ad basim tubo adnata; 3 inferiora in fundo floris

sita.”” Browne adds, “I observed this plant in most of

the Lagoons about the Ferry ;” and Purdie’s ticket bears

“ Habitat, behind the Ferry,’ which must be regarded as

settling the point in the present state of our knowledge.

The figure cited of Schlechtendahl, appears to represent

a larger-flowered plant than this, with flowers not in pairs,

almost orbicular-obovate, much larger inner perianth lobes,

and the eye-like spot rounded.

Li. azwrea is, as far as can be ascertained by a comparison

of dried specimens, a common tropical South American

water-plant, extending from South Brazil to Jamaica; it

varies greatly in the size and form of the leaves and length

of the petiole, and is found either floating, or rooted and

erect in the muddy bottom of shallow water. It was

introduced into the gardens of the Royal Botanic Society,

Regent’s Park, from Brazil, and flowered there in July of

last year, and I am indebted to Mr. Sowerby for the plant

here figured.

Descr. Stems as thick as the thumb, floating and rooting,

green, smooth, flexuous. Leaves on long or short petioles,

which are not inflated, very variable in size and shape,

three to eight inches in diameter, from rounded cordate to

trapeziform or rhomboid or very broadly oblate and obcor-

date, rounded retuse or subacute at the tip. Scape often

as stout as the petiole, curved, gradually dilated into a

solitary short recurved very obtuse cucullate spathe.

Flowers scattered or crowded in pairs along a stout hairy

sessile rachis. Perianth one and a half inch long, funnel-

shaped, hairy externally, bright pale-blue ; tube often split

between the segments; outer segments elliptic-lanceolate,

acute, sub-equal, margins entire; inner segments obovate,

obtuse, margins erose, upper rather the largest with a

yellow heart-shaped eye which is margined with white.

Filaments sub-equal, all short, papillose; three upper

shortly exserted, three lower included in the tube, one

placed lower than the others; anthers short, ovoid-oblong.

Ovary glabrous three-celled, cells many-ovuled ; style very

slender, pubescent.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, perianth laid open; 2, stamens; 3, ovary; 4, stigma; 5, ovary cut

across :—al/ enlarged.

MS. del : JN Fitch ith

L Reeve 0h Lande.

Tan. 6488,

SENECIO spxctosus, DC.

Native of South Africa.

Nat. Ord. Compositm.—Tribe SENECIONIDE.

Genus Senecio, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 446.)

SENECIO speciosus; herbaceus, glanduloso-pubescens v. hirsutus, radice perennante,

foliis carnosulis radicalibus obovato-lanceolatis subacutis v. obtusis crenato-

serratis v. sinuato-dentatis, scapo elongato robusto flexuoso, foliis caulinis

oblongis inferioribus auriculato-}-amplexicaulibus obtusis, superioribus sessi-

libus acutis, corymbis laxis, capitulis longe pedunculatis roseo-purpureis disco

saturatiore, involucro subcampanulato basi rotundato bracteis pducis dissitis

instructo, bracteis propriis anguste linearibus glanduloso-hirsutis, floribus radii

6-20, ligula lineari stricta patente apice minute 3-dentata, acheniis sulcatis

_ puberulis.

S. speciosus, Willd, Sp. Pl. vol. iii. pars 3, p. 1991; DC. Prod. vi. 407; Lodd.

Bot. Cab. t.1113; Ker in Bot. Reg. t. 41; Ait. Hort. Kew. vol. v. p. 43 ;

N. Brown in Gard. Chron. 1879, p. 615.

S. pseudo-china, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 291, non Linn.

S. concolor, Harv. et Sond. Fl. Cap. iii. 362, in part.

S. conevlor var. hispido-scabra, DC. 1. ¢. 407.

Mr. N. Brown has, in the ‘Gardeners’ Chronicle” quoted

above, cleared up the confused synonymy and history of

this beautiful plant. It was published first in 1806, by

Andrews, as the Linnzan SV. pseudo-china, it being supposed

to have been introduced from that country, and to afford

the drug called ‘“ China-root,” which, however, involved a

second mistake, as that drug is the produce of a Smilaz.

It next appeared in Willdenow’s ‘‘ Species Plantarum,”

the author of which, recognizing ‘its difference from

Linneeus’ S. pseudo-china, called it S. specitosus. In 1816

Ker figured it under Willdenow’s name in the “ Botanical

was not precisely determined, it being called Siberian by

some and Chinese by others. Ten years afterwards

Loddiges figured it in his “ Botanical Cabinet,” as intro-

duced by him from the Mauritius, adding that it is a

supposed native of China. In 1837 De Candolle, having

South African specimens of Ecklon and Drege before him,

APRIL Ist, 1880,

and not recognizing their identity with S. speciosus, pub-

lished it as a variety of his S. concolor, placing it, however,

close to the supposed Chinese S. speciosus, whose true

relationship to the otherwise wholly African group of this

difficult genus he had the sagacity to discern. Lastly,

Harvey, in the ‘Flora Capensis,’” describes it as var.

Ahispidus of S. concolor, DC., and suggests that it should be

regarded as the type of that species. In this he clearly

errs, S. speciosus being a very different and far finer plant

than S. concolor, with which, however (and with very few

others of the genus, and these all, according to Mr. Brown,

South African), it agrees in the disk flowers being almost

concolorous with the ray.

The specimen here figured was flowered in July last in

the Royal Botanical Gardens of Edinburgh, from seeds

collected in December, 1878, on the battle-field of Quintana,

by Sergeant D. Williamson. It has a wide range in South

Africa, from the Cape of Good Hope itself to Natal, and,

as Mr. Brown remarks, its supposed Chinese origin is pro-

bably due to its having been brought by one of the home-

ward-bound China-ships, which regularly touched at the —

Cape. According to the “Hortus Kewensis,” it was

introduced into England about 1789 by G. Slater, Esq.

Duscr. Root stout, fleshy, perennial. Leaves four to

seven inches long, obovate lanceolate or narrowly linear

spathulate, crenately toothed or sinuately lobed, rarely sub-

pinnatifid, subacute or obtuse, clothed more or less densely

with glandular hairs, sometimes almost hispid when dry. _

Scape a foot high or less, with spreading glandular hairs,

and alternate rather distant erect linear-oblong leaves, the

lower of which are cordate and semi-amplexicaul. Corymbs

spreading, with few long-peduncled heads, which are one

and a half inch in diameter, and of a bright-purple colour.

Involucre broadly campanulate, densely glandular-hairy, ©

calyculate by a few short bracts at the rounded base ; bracts

narrowly linear. Ray-flowers six to twenty; ligules

narrowly linear, spreading straight out, minutely toothed

at the tip. Achenes slender, grooved, pubescent; pappus

hairs very slender, scaberulous, silky, white.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, involucre eut open; 2, ray-flower; 3, its style-arms; 4, disk-flower ;

5, pappus hair; 6, stamen ; 7, style-arms :—all enlarged.

6489

ecb ea tenesamed amin eM es b estene hate taenk ag

Aston sncngyiprs mane

FW.Burbidge del J.N Fitch Lith

Vincent. Brooks Day &Sonimp

L Reeve & C° Londo: ‘

Tap. 6489.

XIPHION KoLPAKOWSKIANUM.

Native of Turkestan.

Nat. Ord. Intpacex.—Tribe X1IPHionipex.

Genus Xrpnion, Tournef.; (Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. vol. xvi. p- 122).

Xipuion Kolpakowskianum ; bulbo globoso, tunicis exterioribus fibrosis fibris

validis irregulariter anastomosantibus, foliis paucis anguste linearibus pallide

viridibus profunde canaliculatis albo-vittatis post anthesin accrescentibus, scapo

brevissimo hypogzo unifloro, spatha elongata cylindrica pallide viridi bivalvi,

ovario cylindrico pedicellato, tubo cylindrico bipollicari pallide lilacino, limbi

segmentis zequilongis, exterioribus oblongo-lanceolatis acutis longe unguiculatis,

lamina flore expanso patula saturate lilacino-~purpurea, carina aurantiaca

imberbi, segmentis interioribus oblanceolatis unguiculatis erectis pallide lilacinis

concoloribus, stylis perianthio paulo brevioribus pallide lilacinis, cristis lanceo-

latis, antheris albis, filamentis liberis.

Tris (Xiphion) Kolpakowskiana, Regel Descript. part v. p. 47; Garten/l. vol. xxvii.

(1878), p. 40 and 161, tab. 939.

This ig one of the many interesting bulbous plants which

have been discovered during the last few years by the

Russian explorers in Central Asia, and which have been

sent alive to St. Petersburg by the exertions of Dr. Albert

Regel, and liberally distributed by his father amongst the

Kuropean public gardens and amateurs. The present

plant is a close ally of the well-known Xiphion reticulatum

of the Orient and the Caucasus, of which a good figure

under the name of Iris reticulata will be found Bot. Mag.

Tab. 5577. The principal difference between the two is

not in the flower, but in the bulb and leaves. It flowers at

the same time, and has something of the same violet odour,

and in all likelihood will prove equally hardy. It grows

plentifully in fields near Wernoje, in Turkestan, and was

named by Dr. Regel in compliment to General Von Kol-

pakowsky. Our plate was made from specimens and a

coloured sketch sent by Mr. F. W. Burbidge, with whom

it flowered under glass in the botanic garden at Trinity

APRIL Ist, 1880.

College, Dublin, in the middle of January this present

year.

Descr. Bulb globose, half an inch in diameter; outer

tunics fibrous, the fibres strong and anastomosing irregu-

larly. Leaves wrapped round at the base by a sheath two

or three inches long, which reaches to the surface of the

ground ; produced leaves four to six, narrow linear, gla-

brous, rounded and faintly keeled on the back, deeply

channelled down the face with a distinct white central

band hke a Crocus, pale green, not glaucous, very short at

the flowering time, but growing much longer as the spring

advances. Scape very short, hypogeous, one-flowered.

Spathe cylindrical, pale green, about two inches long, two-

valved. Ovary cylindrical, pedicellate inside the spathe.

Perianth about four inches, the tube and the limb of equal

length, the former cylindrical, pale lilac, protruded con-

siderably above the top of the spathe; outer segments with

a long erect claw and a spreading oblong-lanceolate acute

blade, which is deep violet-purple, with a beardless bright

yellow keel; inner segments just the same length as the

outer, oblanceolate-unguiculate, erect, pale lilac, concolo-

rous. Styles the same colour as the inner segments, and

faling but little short of them; crests lanceolate, a third

of aninch long. Anthers cream-white, under half an inch

long ; filaments free, as long as the anthers.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, a bulb, natural size ;

: 2, section of a leaf; 3, an inner segment of the

perianth ; 4, style and anther :—

he two latter about natural size.

ete

dctat tite

oon RD

Tas. 6490.

CYPRIPEDIUM SPICERIANUM.

Native of the East Indies.

Nat. Ord. OncHiprem.—Tribe CrprirpepiEeR,

Genus Cypripepium, Linn.; (Endl. Gen. Pl. p. 220.)

Cyrripepium Spicerianum ; foliis distichis lineari-oblongis subacutis carinatis basi

complicatis luride viridibus, scapo pubescente purpureo gracili 1-floro, bractea

oblonga viridi purpureo-striolata ovario purpureo pubescente multo breviore,

sepalo dorsali magno e basi erecto virescente hirsuto in laminam albam

porrectam late reniformi-rotundatam marginibus recurvis auriculeformibus et

apice complicato erecto dilatato, sepalis lateralibus in unum late ovatum acutum

Jabello subpositum connatis, petalis brevibus deflexis lineari-oblongis flavo-

viridibus et rubro striolatis marginibus crispato-undulatis, labello saccato

auriculis rotundatis saturate fusco-purpureo, sinu lato acuto, staminodio rotun-

dato lete purpureo marginibus albis recurvis, columna hirsuta.

C. Spicerianum, Reichd. f. ex Gard. Chron. 1880, p. 40 et 74, et Ic. xylog. p. 41,

sine descriptione.

Very distinct from any described species of Cypripedium,

and belonging to the prolific group of the genus of which

C. insigne, Wall., is the first-published example. Of its

history little is known; I have found no description of it,

and the only information which I have gathered regarding

it is from a passage in the “ Gardeners’ Chronicle,” to the

effect that “it is understood to have been received from

India, some time ago, by Mr. Spicer, amongst a mixed

collection of Orchids, without any indication whatever as

to its habitat. When it flowered for the first time, a bloom

was sent to Prof. Reichenbach, who named the plant in

compliment to the gentleman through whose instrumenta-

lity it was introduced into British gardens, and for whom

Messrs. James Veitch and Sons purchased the stock.” I

am indebted to Messrs. Veitch for the specimen here

figured, which flowered in October, 1879, in their establish-

ment at Chelsea. :

- Descr. Stemless. Leaves few, distichous, five to eight

APRIL lst, 1880.

inches long by one to one and a quarter inch broad, nar-

rowly linear-oblong, dark green and deeply channelled

down the centre above, keeled beneath, complicate at the

base, where the sheathing portion is mottled with purple.

Scape about as long as the leaves, with an oblong com-

pressed basal sheath, slender, dark red-purple, pubescent,

-one-flowered; bract linear-oblong, obtuse, compressed,

much shorter than the red-purple ovary, green streaked

with purple dots. Flowers erect, three inches long from

the base of the sac of the lip to the top of the dorsal sepal,

and about two inches across the petals when these are in

their ordinary deflexed position. Dorsal sepal, very large,

suddenly expanding from a broad cuneate hairy green

speckled base into an almost horizontal broad snow-white

and obcordate lamina nearly two inches in diameter, the

dorsal margins of which are reflexed and decurved; the

anterior margin stretches forward and is complicate in the

middle, there forming a very acute compressed erect ridge ;

a thin purple line runs from the base to the top of the

sepal. Lateral sepals combined into a broadly ovate acu-

minate white concave blade, with recurved margins placed

under the lip and shorter than it. Petals much shorter

than the lip, deflexed, linear-oblong, obtuse, with crisped

margins, pale greenish with red stripes and specks. ip

large, sac bell-shaped with rounded everted auricles and a

broad acute sinus, base rounded, red-brown, glossy.

Column short, hairy, staminode orbicular with strongly

recurved margins, bright purple margined with white.—

. 2. Jee e

Fig. 1, side, and 2, front view of column and staminode; 3, apex of column and

anther :—ald enlarged. :

GAIT.

ies

y & Son Imp.

7" #

Vincent Brooks Day

oar

F garam somata oe

L.Reeve & C? London

Tas. 6491.

ARISAUMA Garirrrratt.

Native of the Eastern Himalaya.

Nat. Ord. Anorpex.—Tribe ARISARER.

Genus Anisama, Mart. ; (Engler in A. DC, Monog. Phan. vol. ii. p- 533.)

ArismMa Griffithii ; robustum, foliis 2-nis 3-foliolatis petiolo viridi, foliolis sub-

sessilibus late trapezoideo-ovatis orbiculatisveacuminatis basi cuneatis lateralibus

interdum obliquis marginibus planiusculis flavis rubrisve, nervis viridibus —

subtus prominntie pedunculo petiolo multo breviore viridi, jeer tubo 4-5-

pollicari cylindraceo multicostato albo purpureoque striato, limina latissima

6-10 poll. lata deflexa inflata marginibus incurvis medio antice inflexa et profunde

2-loba atro-purpurea nervis crassis validis viridibus tessellatim laxe reticulata,

spadicis parte florifera crassa conico-cylindracea apice abrupte contracta nuda,

appendice atro-purpurea basi in discum amplum sublobatum dilatata, dein

fusiformi et in filum longissime tenuissimum tortile desinente, ovariis subglo-

bosis in stylum brevem contractis, stigmate truncato.

A. Griffithii, Schott, Synops. Aroid. vol. i. p. 26 (1856); Prodr. Syst. Aroid.

p. 54; Engl. l. c. 538.

A. Hookerianum, Schott in Gist. Bot. Wochenbl. 1857, p.334; Prodr, Syst. Aroid.

p. 29.

PytHoyu Sp.; Griff. Posth. Papers, vol. ii. p. 201, no, 1179.

This is by far the finest species of the genus as yet

known. It was discovered by Griffith in Bhotan, at eleva-

tions of 3000 to 5000 feet, and named, from imperfect spe-

cimens, after its discoverer by Schott, who however failed

to recognize it amongst the species subsequently brought

by myself from Sikkim, and transmitted to him for exami-

nation, and he consequently gave to the latter the name of

A. Hookerianwm. A comparison of Griffith’s Bhotan speci-

men with my own does not enable me to detect any

difference between them, though the latter appears to affect —

a much higher elevation, for I have never gathered it much

below 8000 feet of elevation, and it ascends to 10,000 feet.

Under A. utile (Tab. 6474) I have described the use to

which the tuberous roots of this and other species of

MAY Ist, 1880.

Arisema are put by the natives of the Himalaya in times of

scarcity as articles of food. The plate here given is from

a specimen flowered by H. N. Elwes, Esq., who introduced

this and many other species, aided by a drawing made in

its native country by an artist employed by the late Judge

Cathcart, and preserved in the Kew collection of drawings.

In this drawing the bases of the peduncle and _ petioles

are subtended by two oblong membranous sheaths, three

and five inches long respectively, which are white and

obscurely mottled or banded with dull grey. It flowered

at Preston House in May, 1879.

Duscr. Dicecious. Tuber the size of the fist. Leaves

two; petiole five to eight inches long, thicker than the

thumb, green ; leaflets three, eight to ten inches long and

broad, from trapezoid-ovate to orbicular, acuminate or

apiculate, subsessile, dark green with deeply-sunk reticulate

veins which are very prominent beneath, margins slightly

undulate yellow or red. Pedunele shorter and hardly so

stout as the petiole, green. Spathe very large, tubular

portion four to six inches long, cylindric, expanding above

into a convex crown, which again dilates into the lamina,

deeply grooved, grooves dull purple, the ridges broad and

white ; lamina of spathe six to ten inches broad, deflexed,

spreading out into broad lateral wings which are almost

convolute, deeply cleft in front ; whole surface of a brown-

purple colour netted with prominent-green veins. Spadiz

with the flowering portion very short, about one inch long,

cylindric-conic, suddenly contracted into a short naked

column supporting the dark brown-purple polished appen-

dix, which expands at the base into a lobed thick circular

disk, then contracts into a fusiform body which terminates

in a very slender tortuous thread a foot long; this thread

iS In a young state folded in one of the three leaflets of the

leaf. Anthers scattered, stipitate, pale yellow. Ovaries very

dense, subglobose, contracted into a short style with a

truncate stigma. Ovules about six, pendulous from the top

of the cell.—J. D. H. :

Fig. 1, male spadix, of the natural size 3 2, anther after dehiscence, enlarged.

64.92.

t Brooks Day& Son Imp.

Vincen

AB.del. JIN Fitch Lith

LReeve & C° Londen

Tas, 6492.

RIBES tacustre.

Native of North America,

Nat. Ord. SaxrrraGEm.—Tribe RipesiEs.

Genus Riess, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 654.)

Riss (Grossularia) Jacustre ; ramulis longe et crebre setosis spinosisque, spinis

rectis gracilibus subaxillaribus fasciculatis elongatis, foliis gracile petiolatis

cordato-rotundatis palmatim 3-5-lobatis y. -partitis, lobis segmentisve lobulatis

et crenato-dentatis glaberrimis membranaceis, racemis laxis pendulis gracilibus

pedicellisque glanduloso-pilosis multifloris, floribus parvis, calyce rotato obtuse

5-lobo, petalis cuneatis calyce brevioribus, staminibus xquilongis, stylo glabro

2-3-fido, bacca parva hispida. ;

R. lacustre, Poir. Suppl. vol. ii. p. 856; DC. Prod. vol. iii. p. 478; Torr. et Gr.

Fl. N. Am. vol. i. p. 548; A. Gray, Bot. N. U. States, ed. v. p.165; Lodd.

Bot. Cab. t. 884; Guimp. Otto, et Hayne, Holzgew, t. 136.

R. oxyacanthoides, Miche. Fl. Bor. Am. vol. i. p.111. —

R. echinatum, Douwgl. in Lindl. Bot. Reg. sub. t. 1349.

The “swamp Gooseberry” of the United States of

America inhabits cold wet situations, especially the banks

of mountain rivers across the whole continent, from the

Arctic Circle in Canada to Sitka and British Columbia, and

from New England to Northern California, retaining its

habits and characters in more northern situations and

throughout the Eastern States, but becoming less bristly

and more spiny in California, where, too, the leaves are

pubescent. Though unattractive in point of inflorescence,

its beautiful green delicate foliage and the purplish-brown

branches render it a desirable shrub for cultivation. The

_ fruit, which is always small, seems to vary in quality. Asa

Gray describes it as “unpleasant” in New England;

Lindley (under R. echinatum) says, on Douglas’s authority,

“berries black, pleasant ;”” Sereno Watson describes the

fruit of the Californian variety as “acid, intermediate be-

tween a gooseberry and a currant;” the colour of the berry,

too, is variously described as dark-brown, red, amber, and

-purplish-black. :

Though introduced so long ago as 1812, according to

May Ist, 1880. .

Loudon, the Swamp Gooseberry has never till now been

well figured; our specimen is from a fine bush that flowers

annually in Kew in the month of June.

Descr. A bright-green erect shrub, three to five feet

high; young branches straight, rather stout, densely clothed

with rigid purple-brown spreading bristles ; these pass into

slender straight shining weak spines, which again are longer,

stouter, and fascicled beneath the insertion of the leaves.

Leaves with very slender petioles, one to two inches in

diameter, suborbicular with a deeply cordate base, membra-

nous, palmately three- to five-lobed or parted, lobes lobulate

and irregularly crenate-toothed, glabrous; petiole one to

two inches long, very slender, glabrous or sparsely hairy.

Racemes one to three inches long, slender, drooping, glan-

dular-hairy, many-flowered; bracts small, elliptic, green,

and as well as the pedicels and calyx-tube glandular-hairy.

Flowers one-fourth of an inch in diameter. Calyzx-tube short ;

limb rotate, obtusely five-lobed, nearly white. Petals much

shorter than the calyx-limb, cuneate, yellowish, pink towards

the base. Stamens about equalling the petals. Style-arms

two to three, as long as the stamens. Berries size of a pea,

hispid.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, flower; 2, the same cut vertically ; 3, petal; 4, stamens :-—all enlarged.

6493.

Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp:

MS. del. JNFitch Lith.

i=)

“i

: Tas. 6493.

PRIMULA stsrrtoa, var. kashmiriana. —

Native of the Western Himalaya.

Nat. Ord. Prrmuntacem.—Tribe PRIMULEX. —

Genus Primuta, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii, p. 631.)

Primvta sibirica; glabra, efarinosa, foliis laxis petiolatis ovatis ellipticis v. oblongis

rarius obovatis integerrimis v. marginibus leviter undulatis pallide viridibus

marginibus vernatione revolutis, scapis gracilibus, involacri bracteis carnosulis

verticillatis lineari-oblongis obtusis basi in auricalam apice rotundatam demum

productis pedicellis multo brevioribus, calyce tubuloso-campanulato_breviter

obtuse 4-dentato, corolla tubo graciii, limbi explanati rosei lobis cuneatis 2-lobis,

sinu acuto, fauce nuda.

Var. kashmiriana, floribus minoribus, corolle tubo calycem vix superante lobis

angustioribus,

This pretty Primula has been cultivated under the name

of P. elegans, Duby, from which, judging by the poor figure

which that author gives in his “ Memoire sur la Famille des

Primulacées’’ (Tab. 1), it differs widely in its petiolate leaves,

slender scapes and pedicels, obtuse involucral bracts, and

in the short calyx-teeth. In fact, I have no doubt that P.

elegans is nothing but the lovely P. rosea, figured last year

(Tab. 6437); the only difference I find in the description is,

that the flowers of P. elegans are, on its discoverer Jacque-

mont’s authority, lilac, which may be accounted for by the

flowers having faded; in fact, Duby says of his elegans,

“an a priore (rosea) revera distincta?” The close affinity

of the plant here figured to the P. sibirica is evident from

referring to the plate of that plant (Tab. 3167), which

represents its large flowered state, and it is still more like

the P. sibirica var. integerrima (Tab. 3445), a native of the

Altai mountains, which only differs in the corolla-tube being

elongated and twice as long as the calyx. In a dried state

it is very difficult to distinguish P. sibirica from P. involu-

crata (P. Munroi, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1847, t. 15), which,

however, differs in the shorter calyx, long corolla-tube, pale

May Ist, 1880.

almost white flowers, with a deep narrow sinus between

the divisions of the corolline lobes.

The Siberian Primrose has a very wide range of

geographical distribution, from Lapland and Sweden across

the continents of Europe and Asia to Dahuria, and it

reappears in Arctic America; its southern limit, however,

is Kashmir, from whence seeds were sent to the Royal

Gardens by Dr. Aitchison, which flowered in June of last

year.

Desor. Slender, quite glabrous, not mealy. Leaves

loosely tufted, long-petioled, half an inch to two inches long

including the petiole, ovate elliptic or rarely obovate, obtuse

or subacute, base narrowed into the petiole or. rounded,

margins quite entire revolute in vernation, pale green above,

paler beneath, nerves faint. Scapes very slender, three to

eight inches high. Involucral bracts, four to six, whorled,

erect, linear, obtuse, the base produced downwards into a

flat appendage with a rounded tip. Flowers usually very

numerous, loosely fascicled, drooping or inclined ; pedicels

very slender, a quarter to three-quarters of an inch long.

Calyx very narrowly campanulate, five-grooved, base sub-

acute, teeth short, obtuse. Corolla pale pink, tube hardly

longer than the calyx; limb flat; lobes obcuneate, two-

lobed, the divisions rounded with an acute open sinus

between them ; throat naked, not expanded.—J. D. H.

‘Fig. 1, calyx; 2, corolla laid open; 3, calyx laid open, showing the pistil; 4,

anthers :—al/ enlarged.

6494

AB del JN Fitch Lith. Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp

L. Reeve & C® London

Tas. 6494.

ONCIDIUM pasysryze.

Native Brazil.

Nat. Ord. Oncu1pEx.—Tribe VanpDEm.

Genus Oncipium, Swartz; (Lindl. Fol. Orchid. Oncidium.)

Onciprum (Tetrapetala) dasystyle; pseudobulbis breviter ovoideis compressis

demum creberrime longitudinaliter sulcatis, foliis 2 lineari-lanceolatis subacutis

carinatis, scapo gracilt paucifloro, bracteis parvis acutis, floribus gracile pedi-

cellatis, sepalo dorsali petalisque subsequalibus elliptico-lanceolatis acuminatis

flavis purpureo maculatis, sepalis lateralibus paullo majoribus labello suppositis

ad medium connatis pallide virescentibus, labelli ampli lobis lateralibus parvis

triangularibus terminali dilatato reniformi undulato membranaceo, callo basilari

magno cordiforme valde convexo purpurascente basi utringue callo minuto

elongato instructo, columna apicem versus alata lateribus ungueque labelli

puberulis.

O. dasystyle, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1873, p. 293 et 432.

A very elegant plant, a native of the Organ mountains in

Brazil, whence it was imported by Messrs. B. F. Williams,

of the Paradise Nurseries. Its near allies are the O. citrinwm

(Tab. 4454), O. bifoliwm (Tab. 1491), and O. fleauosum

(Tab. 2203), all of which differ in the form of the labellum,

its crests, and in other conspicuous characters. In its

lateral sepals being united only below their middle, it

forms a transition between Lindley’s two great sections of

Tetrapetala and Pentapetala. ee

The specimen here figured was kindly communicated by

Mr. Bull.

Drscr. Pseudo-bulbs one to one and a half inch long,

almost elliptic, with rounded ends, which are truncate at

the insertion of the leaves, slightly compressed, green,

edges obtuse, young quite smooth, old longitudinally

grooved with obtuse ridges. Leaves four to five inches

long by one broad, linear-lanceolate, subacute, keeled,

bright green. Scape very slender, six to seven inches

long, with a few distant small acute bracts. taceme two-

May Ist, 1880.

to five-flowered, lax, drooping; pedicels one-half to three-

fourths of an inch long, very slender. Ovary short. Flowers

one and a quarter of an inch in diameter across the spread-

ing petals. Dorsal-sepals and Petals subequal, elliptic-

lanceolate, acuminate, pale straw-coloured, blotched with |

brown-purple; lateral sepals hidden under the lip, rather

larger than the dorsal, united to the middle, pale greenish-

yellow, obscurely speckled with brown. Jp nearly as

large as the rest of the perianth; claw very short, pubescent ;

lateral lobes small, triangular; terminal one expanding into

a broad undulate membranous reniform pale yellow blade;

basal crest cordiform with the two-lobed end pointing

downwards, much elevated, smooth, dark purple and

shining; towards its base on each side is a narrow short

linear crest. Column short, with a rounded wing on each

side towards the top; sides pubescent, as is the anther-

case, which has a short obtuse beak. a eae &

Fig. 1, column and lip; 2, side view of the same and the ovary; 3, anther-case ;

4, pollinia : :—all enlarged.

sonnannnmaas

SciaSade tannins

ae ll aa il

Vincent Brooks Day &Son Imp

Lith

4,410

LS. del, JN]

don

Reeve & C2 Lon

aw)

Tas. 6495.

TILLANDSIA MALZINEI.

Native of Mexico.

Nat. Ord. BroMELiacex.—Tribe TILLANDSIER.

Genus Titnanpsta, Linn.; (Schulte’s Syst. Veg. vol. vii. p. Ixvi. and 1199.)

Tittanps1a (Conostachys) Malzinei ; acaulis, foliis basalibus 15-20 dense rosulatis

loratis falcatis chartaceis subpedalibus nullo modo lepidotis apice deltoideo-

cuspidatis facie viridibus dorso rubro-brunneis verticaliter lineatis, pedunculo

stricto erecto foliis breviori foliis reductis pluribus lanceolatis faleatis predito,

floribus 12-20 in spicam strictam subdensam multifariam disposito, bracteis

magnis glabris ovatis navicularibus luteis vel rubris, pedicellis brevibus crassis,

calyce protruso glabro sepalis oblongis obtusis, petalis lingulatis obtusis albidis

calyce duplo longioribus ant squamatis, genitalibus petalis paulo brevioribus,

antheris parvis luteis versatilibus.

T. Malzinei, Baker in Kew Gard. Report, 1878, p. 59.

Vriesea Malzinei, EZ. Morren in Belg. Hort. vol. xxiv. (1874), p- 313, tab. 14.

The present species represents the section Conostachys

of the large genus Tillandsia, which is characterized by its

scaled petals and multifarious spikes, and is the first species

of that section which has been figured in the Boranicar

Macazine. It was discovered about the year 1870 in the

neighbourhood of Cordova, in Mexico, by the Belgian

gentleman after whom it is named, M. Omer de Malzine,

and was first flowered in cultivation by M. Jacob Makoy,

of Liége, in 1872. The excellent figure in the Belgique

Horticole above cited represents a variety with red bracts.

In our plant, which flowered at Kew in April, 1879, the

bracts are yellow.

Descr. Acaulescent. Leaves fifteen or twenty in a dense

rosette, lorate, about a foot long, three inches broad at the

dilated base, an inch and a half or two inches at the middle,

falcate, chartaceous in texture, not at all lepidote, the apex

deltoid cuspidate, the face bright green, the back red-

brown with fine vertical lines. Peduncle simple, rather

shorter than the leaves, stiffly erect, with several faleate

MAY Ist, 1880.

lanceolate reduced leaves. Flowers twelve to twenty,

arranged in a moderately dense simple multifarious spike ;

bracts ovate-navicular, acute, glabrous, above an inch long,

yellow or red. Calyx on a very short stout. pedicel, pro-

truded a little beyond the bract, green, glabrous; sepals

oblong, obtuse. Petals white, lingulate, twice as long as

the calyx, furnished with a pair of cuneate white fimbriated

scales at the base. Stamens a little shorter than the petals;

filaments filiform; anthers small, yellow, linear-oblong,

versatile. Ovary ampulleform ; style reaching to the top

of the anthers; stigma of three crisped ovate lobes. Capsule

twice as long as the calyx.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. lia scale from the base of the petal; 2, a couple of stamens; 3, pistil;

4, horizontal section of ovary ; 5, stigma :—ad/ more or less magnified.

64.96.

Vinceul Brooks Day & Son Imp

JN Fitch Lith

LReeve & C°? London

Tas. 6496.

MORMODES OcAN.

Native of New Grenada.

Nat. Ord. OrcnHIpExX.—Tribe VANDER.

Genus Mormopes, Lindl.; (Reichb.in Walp. Ann. vol. vi. p. 577.)

Mormopges Ocane; pseudobulbis oblongo-ellipsoideis basibus membranaceis

foliorum fere obtectis, foliis pedalibus 1}-poll. latis elongato-lanceolatis acumi-

natis, pedunculo valido inclinato fusco-virescente, racemo 6-10-floro bracteis

oblongis obtusis cymbiformibus, floribus subfasciculatis aurantiacis punctis

maculisve parvis fusco-sanguineis creberrime undique irroratis, sepalis petalisque

consimilibus lanceolatis acuminatis, labello longe unguiculato trilobo, lobis

lateralibus brevibus oblongis obtusis intermedio majore subquadrato rostrato

marginibus omnium recurvis.

M. Ocane, Lindl. and Reichb. f. mss. in Walp. Ann. vol. vi. p. 577; Reichb. f.

in Gard. Chron. 1879, p. 582 et 817, fig. 133, 134.

Of the genus Mormodes seven species are now figured

in this work; M. pardina (Tab. 3879 and 3900), M.

Cartoni (Tab. 4214), M. lentiginosa (Tab. 4455), M. atro-

purpurea (Tab. 4577), M. Greenii (Tab. 5802), M. Colossus

(Tab. 5840), and the subject of the present plate, all of them

differing remarkably from M. Ocane, both in the form of

the perianth-segments and their colouring, but agreeing in

the singular arrangement of the column, which is twisted

one quarter round so as to bring the anther to face side-

ways, and to afford a landing-place to insects close to or

upon the anther itself. In M. Ocanw the slender beak

of the column, to which the anther case is hinged, rests on

the side of the mid-lobe of the lip, and when touched the

whole anther with its broad strap and gland is released

from the column with a jerk, and is, according to Dr.

Reichenbach, frequently tossed into the concavity of the lip

itself ; for that learned author remarks (Gard. Chron. l. c.

582) that the three lobes of the lip form as many bags, in

one of which he always found a pollen-apparatus ; and he

IUNE Ist, 1880.

adds that these bags may be regarded as show-rooms for

insects which can carry away those bodies (the pollen)

strongly glued to them by their viscid glands. For a

complete account of the structure and formation of the

lip and pollen apparatus of Mormodes I must refer to Mr.

Darwin’s work on “ The Fertilization of Orchids” (p. 208),

where it is shown how perfectly all the parts are contrived

and arranged to cause the pollen to alight on an insect

visiting the flower, and to be thence carried to other flowers

in a position to secure their fertilization.

M. Ocane was discovered by the collector Schlim in the

province of Ocafia, at elevations of 4000 to 5000 feet, and

subsequently collected by M. Kalbreyer. The specimen here

figured was cultivated by Messrs. Veitch, with whom it |

flowered magnificently in October, 1879.

Descr. Pseudo-bulbs elliptic-oblong, slightly compressed,

three to three and a half inches long, almost clothed with

the appressed sheathing membranous leaf-bases. Leaves

about a foot long by one and a half inches broad, narrowly

lanceolate, acuminate. Scape very robust, with the raceme

about a foot long, inclined, pale greenish-brown ; sheaths

short, broad, loose, truncate. Raceme six to ten-flowered ;

bracts half an inch long, oblong, obtuse, boat-shaped.

Flowers subfascicled, about two inches in diameter and

three when spread out, uniformly of a dark orange-yellow

colour most closely speckled with red-brown spots. Sepals

and petals similar, lanceolate, acuminate, concave, drooping.

Inp as long as the petals, claw long; blade three-lobed,

lateral lobes short oblong rounded at the tip, mid-lobe

subquadrate abruptly beaked; all the lobes have incurved

margins.—J. D. H. 2

Fig. 1, lip and column; 2, pollen apparatus; 3, column; 4, anther-case:—al/

enlarged.

ms 2

a ; Fneent Brooks Day & Son iy

M.S.del J.N, Fitch Lith. ;

: ig L.Reeve & C° London.

Tas. 6497.

GENTIANA SEPTEMFIDA, var. cordifolia.

Native of Asia Minor.

Nat. Ord. GENTIANER.—Tribe SWERTIEX.

Genus GenTiana, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 815.)

GENTIANA (Pneumonanthe) septemfida; caulibus e collo nudo erectis v. ascendentibus

simplicibus foliosis, foliis superne sensim majoribus ovato-cordatis subacutis

5-nerviis patulis deflexisve, summis flores sessiles confertos subinvolucrantibus,

marginibus lwvibus v. scaberulis, calycis laciniis anguste linearibus lanceolatisve

tubo equilongis v. brevioribus sinubus latis, corolla clavate cyanee lobis

brevibus ovatis subacutis, plicis fimbriato-multifidis.

G. septemfida, Pall. Fl. Ross. vol. ii. p. 101, t. 92; Ledeb. Fl. Ross. vol. iii.

p- 67; Boiss, Fl. Orient. vol. iv. p. 74.

_ G. fimbrizplica, C. Koeh in Linnea, vol. xxiii. p. 584.

Var. B. cordifolia; foliis latioribus brevioribus obtusioribus basi evidentius cordatis,

Boiss. l. ec. p. 75.

G. cordifolia, C. Koch, l. c. p. 585. :

G. gelida, Parton Mag. Bot. p. 5, with plate.

On first seeing this beautiful plant, I did not suspect its

kinship with Gentiana septemfida, of which two forms,

equally dissimilar from one another and from this, and

both very inferior to it, are figured at Tabs. 1229 and 1410;

and I was further deceived by the name of G. gelida being

attached to it. On comparison with the published descrip-

tions of the gentians, I find that this is undoubtedly G. cor-

difolia of ©. Koch, which is rightly reduced by Boissier to

a variety of septemfida, from which latter, in all its forms,

G. gelida differs only in its ochroleucous flowers and the

entire or two-fid plaits between the lobes of the corolla, and

may be a mere variety of this. Both these species are

described as having the leaves scabrid on the margin, a

character which I do not observe in either the living or

Herbarium specimens. The corolla-lobes in the typica

forms vary from five to seven, whence the specific name.

Gentiana septemfida has a wide range in distribution from

JUNE Ist, 1880.

Tauria and the Caucasus to Persia and the Altai mountains,

ascending to 9000 feet in the Caucasus, and the var. cordi-

folia inhabits the mountains of Armenia. Iam, unfortu-

nately, unable to say whence the specimen here figured was

procured, the drawing, with notes attached, having been

lost in London after having been made use of by the ~

- colourist; it is, however, a well-known cultivated plant

under the name of G. gelida, but it does not at Kew arrive

at the stature of the specimen figured. :

Desor. Stems several, ascending from a stout stock a

foot high, stout, leafy throughout. Leaves gradually larger

upwards, lowest a quarter of an inch long, upper one to

one and a half inch long, all ovate-cordate, subacute,

five-nerved, dark green above, spreading or deflexed,

coriaceous, the upper often forming a sort of involucre.

Flowers very numerous, in a compact rather elongate head,

sessile or very shortly pedicelled, nearly two inches long.

Calyx-lobes narrowly linear, equalling or shorter than the

tubes. Corolla dark blue, clavate ; lobes five, small, ovate,

subacute, the membranous folds multifid. Stamens inserted

about the middle of the tube. Stigmas short, recurved.

Capsule shortly stalked.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, corolla laid open; 2, calyx and ovary :—both enlarged.

69498

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp

Reeve & cr London

Tas. 6498.

RUELLIA PortTELLE.

Native of South Brazil.

Nat. Ord. ACANTHACEZ.—Tribe RUELLIEA.

Genus Ruetuia, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 1077.)

Rueiti1a Portelle; herbacea, erecta, ramosa, tota velutino-tomentella, ramis

gracilibus teretibus, foliis oblongo-ovatis subacutis v. obtusis longe petiolatis

basi acutis integerrimis supra saturate viridibus costa nervisque albis, subtus

rubro-purpureis, floribus axillaribus solitariis sessilibus, bracteolis 2 foliaceis

calycem equantibus, calycis segmentis lanceolatis acuminatis, corollz late roses

14-13-pollicaris tubo piloso supra medium lente incurvo dein sensim dilatato,

limbi plani lobis subquadrato-rotundatis 2-fidis, staminibus subzquilongis,

filamentis filiformibus rectis per paria contiguis, antheris breviter exsertis

anguste oblongis, ovario sessili pilosulo loculis 6-ovulatis.

To pronounce a species of Muwellia as “hitherto un-

described”? is no light matter, for the genus contains

upwards of one hundred and fifty known species, which

are described under various generic names and in many

scattered works, often very imperfectly. Moreover, these

have been referred, as often wrongly as rightly, to no less

than fourteen genera, none of which should have been

separated from Ruellia, and some of them to other genera,

which have nothing to do with Ruellia. I fail to match

it with the descriptions of any of the species of Ruellia (or

Dipteracanthus, now united with Ruellia) in Martius’s Flora

Brasiliensis, where, if known in European Herbaria, this

pretty plant would no doubt have been described. I have

hence been compelled to give it a name, and have chosen

for the purpose that of the donor, Sefior Francisco Portella

of Campos (Rio de Janeiro), who sent it in a ward’s-case

with various other valuable living plants of Brazil. It appears

to be a very free-growing species, well adapted for winter

decoration as a stove plant; and, like others of its order,

requiring to be kept quiet when flowering and fruiting are

over.

Descr. A slender much-branched erect herb, a foot

high, all parts covered with a fine velvety pubescence ;

JUNE Ist, 1880.

branches slender, terete green. Leaves two to three inches

long, very uniform, elliptic-ovate subacute, narrowed into

a slender petiole half their own length, deep green above

with a white band along the midrib and nerves, red-purple

beneath. lowers axillary, solitary, sessile. Calyx one-

third to half of an inch long; segments narrowly lanceolate,

acuminate, hairy. Corolla one and a half to one and three-

quarters of an inch long, hairy externally, bright rose-

pink; tube slender, gradually dilated from above the

middle, where it is gently incurved ; limb flat, an inch in

diameter, of five nearly subquadrately rounded bifid seg-

ments. Stamens in contiguous nearly equal pairs, filaments

slender quite straight; anthers linear-oblong, shortly ex-

serted. Ovary ovoid, hairy; style slender, stigma shortly

exserted.— J. D. H.

Fig. 1, portion of corolla and stamens; 2, anthers; 3, stigma; 4, base of calyx

and ovary ; 5, ovary cut longitudinally :—al/ enlarged.

AB del JN Fitch, Lith

Vincent Brooks Day &Son Imp

LReeve & C° London

Tas. 6499.

LYTHRUM Grarrent.

Native of Southern Europe.

Nat. Ord. LytHrarte®.—Tribe LytHRex.

Genus Lyturum, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 779.)

LytHrum Grefferi ; glabrum, caulibus gracilibus elongatis erectis v. diffusis acute

angulatis foliosis, foliis seepius alternis inferioribus lineari- v. rarius ovato-

oblongis acutis v. obtusis basi rotundatis v.cordatis superioribus lineari-oblongis

lanceolatisve, floribus axillaribus solitariis 10-12 meris, bracteolis 2 minutis

lineari-subulatis, calycis dentibus triangularibus 6 majoribus erectis, petalis

obovatis calyce duplo longioribus, staminibus longioribus exsertis.

L. Greefferi, Tenore Fi. Nap. Prodr. nae te vol. ii. p. 27; Icon. Fl. Nap. t. 142;

DC. Prodr. vol. iii. p. 82; Boiss. Fl. Orient. vol. ii. p. 739.

L. thymifolia, Allioni Fl. Ped. vol. ii. p. 168, non Linn.

iL. acutangulum, Lagase. Gen. et Sp. p. 16.

L, flexuosum, Lagase. l.c.; ? Regel Gartenft. vol. xix. p. 289, t. 664.

L. Preslii, Guss. Pl. rar. p. 188. é

L. junceum, Sol. mss. ex Trans. Camb, Phil. Soe. vol. iv. p- 32; Walp. Rep.

vol, ii. p. 105.

L. Grefferi is a South European plant, with a very ex-

tended geographical distribution, from the Azores and

Canaries to Portugal and Morocco, and thence eastward to

Asia Minor and Northern Syria. It does not occur anywhere

north of the Alps except in Western France, but has been

introduced into South America and other countries. It

affects wet places, and when grown in a pot standing in a

tank or pan of water, it forms a strikingly ornamental plant

from the profusion of its bright pink blossoms, which stud

the numerous slender branches, and which appear in suc-

cession for several weeks. The figure published as L. Greef-

ferii in Loddige’s Botanical Cabinet is unrecognizable, and

from the small flowers and opposite leaves probably repre-

sents L. hypopifolium, L. The figure of L. flecuosum, Lag.,

in Regel’s Gartenflora, again, has most of the leaves opposite,

and the petals very narrow, not like those of L. Greefferi.

JUNE Ist, 1880,

I have retained the well-known and hitherto universally

adopted name for this plant, though it can hardly be

doubted that one of the earlier ones of Lagasca (fleewosum

and acutangulum), published in 1814, is of earlier date.

The descriptions, however, of Lagasca are very unsatisfac-

tory, and he made two species out of the one. The

Royal Gardens are indebted to Mr. Joad, F.L.S., of

Wimbledon, for plants which flowered profusely during the

month of August.

Descr. A tall, very slender, much-branched diffuse or

erect glabrous herb, a foot to a yard high; branches strict,

acutely angled, leafy throughout. Leaves one-fourth to

one inch long, all alternate or the lower opposite, more or

less oblong or linear-oblong, the lower usually broader and

sometimes cordate at the base, acute or obtuse, upper nar-

rowly oblong. lowers solitary in the axils of all the upper

leaves, shortly pedicelled, two-bracteolate, six- rarely five-

merous ; bracteoles small, narrowly subulate. Calyx about

a quarter of an inch long; tube slender and cylindric below

the middle, then funnel-shaped; lobes twelve, six larger.

triangular acute erect, six interposed minute subulate

spreading. Petals longer than the calyx, obovate, subacute, —

bright pink, nearly equal. Stamens twelve, the six longer —

exserted, the shorter included. Ovary slender, glabrous.—

wa. 24;

Fig. 1, flower ; 2, the same cut longitudinally ; 3, stamens; 4, pistil; 5, trans-

verse section of ditto :—all enlarged.

AB.del, JN Fitch, Lith.

Vincent Brooks Day &Son Imp

LReeve &C®° London

Tas. 6500.

POLYGON UM AMPLEXICAULE.

Native of the Himalaya Mountains.

Nat. Ord. Potyconrm.—Tribe EupotyGoneZ,

Genus Potyconum, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 97.)

Potyconvo (Bistorta) amplericaule ; caule elongato gracili erecto parce ramoso,

foliis radicalibus et inferioribus longe petiolatis cordato-ovatis -lanceolatisve

caudato-acuminatis minute crenulatis costa nervisque subtus minutissime

papillosis supremis sessilibus amplexicaulibus, racemis solitariis v. 2-nis

spiciformibus gracilibus elongatis densifloris, bracteis ovatis acuminatis imbri-

catis scariosis, perianthii segmentis oblongis obtusis, staminibus 8, antheris

exsertis, stylis 3 capillaribus, fructibus trigonis.

P. amplexicaule, Don. Prodr. Fl. Nep.p.70; Meissn. Monog. Polyg.in Wall. P/.

As. rar. vol. iii. p. 54; Babingt. in Trans. Linn, Soc. vol. xviii. p. 96 ; Lind!.

in Bot. Reg. 1838, Mise. no. 117, et 1839, t. 46; Meissn. in DC. Prodr.

vol, xiv. pars 1, p. 126.

P. speciosum, Wall. Cat. n. 1716; Meissn. ll. ec.

P. ambiguum, Meissn. in Wall. Pl. As. rar. vol. iii. p. 54, et in DC. Prodr, 1. e. ;

Wight, Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. t. 1797.

P. oxyphyllum, Wall. Cat. n. 1715; Meissn. Ul. ee.

P. petiolatum, Don. 1. ¢. p. 70, teste Babingt.

The Himalaya Mountains are as remarkable in a botanical

‘point of view for the beauty of the colouring of the flowers

of their Polygonums, as Japan is for the stature and noble

foliage of some of the species of the same genus which it

contains. Amongst the Himalayan kinds none exceeds P.

amplexicaule, which is unrivalled for graceful habit, foliage,

and colouring combined, and it is further a plant of such easy

cultivation, that it ought to be a garden favourite. It

occurs under two varieties, a white- and a red-flowered, of

which the white has usually a longer and more slender

raceme, with more distant flowers. These two varieties

do not correspond to any two of the five species which

have been founded on dried specimens of the plant, and

JUNE lst, 1880.

which I agree with Dr. Lindley in considering to be un-

worthy of varietal rank.

P. amplewicaule extends through the whole range of the

Himalaya, from Murree in the extreme north-west, where

it ranges from 6000 to 8000 feet of elevation, to Sikkim,

where it reaches 11,000 feet and upwards; it does not

occur in the Bhotan collections of Griffith, nor has it been

found in the Kharia range. It was introduced into the

Horticultural Society’s gardens from those of Tahurunpore,

by Dr. Falconer, in 1835 or 1836; but our figures are

made from plants raised at Kew from seeds sent by Dr. |

Aitchieson, and it flowers in September and October.

Descr. Stems two to three feet high from a strong

woody underground root-stock, very slender, green,

sparingly leafy. Leaves cordate-ovate or- lanceolate, long-

acuminate, the lower long-petioled, the upper sessile and

amplexicaul, all minutely crenulate, glabrous above, be-

neath minutely papillar, especially on the midrib and nerves ;

ochre long, lacerate. Racemes solitary or two, on slender

strict peduncles, strict erect, two to six inches long;

bracteoles ovate, acuminate, scarious. Flowers crowded, —

bright rose-red or white, about one-third of an inch in

diameter when expanded. Perianth segments oblong, sub-

acute. Stamens eight; anthers exserted. Styles three,

slender. Ovary three-gonous.—J. D. H.

Fig. A, white-flowered variety—of natural size; 1, flower cut longitudinally ;

2 and 3, outer and inner perianth segments ; 4, stamens; 5, pistil; 6, ovules :—ad/

enlarged. Fig. B, red-flowered variety—of natural size; the numbers represent

_ corresponding parts to those of A :—all enlarged.

650]

CMG

Vincent Brooks Day &Son Imp

don

veeve & CO Lond

Tas. 6501.

BIGNONTIA capreonata, var. atro-sanguinea.

Native of the Southern United States.

Nat. Ord. Biganonraceu.—Tribe BIGNONIER.

Genus Brenonta, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 1033.)

Brienonta capreolata, Linn. Sp. Pl. 879; Bot. Mag. t. 864; DC. Prodr. vol. ix.

p- 146; Jacq. Hort. Schenbr. t. 363; Chapm. Flor. S. U. States, p. 285;

A. Gray, F]. N. U. States, ed. 5, p. 321.

B. crucigera, Walt. Flor. Carolin. 169.

Var. atro-sanguinea ; foliolis longioribus angustioribus, corolla intus et extus atro-

purpurea, lobis brevibus triangulari-ovatis acutis.

This very remarkable and handsome variety of the well-

known Cross-vine of the Southern United States has been

long cultivated in the conservatory at Kew, and differs so

' widely from the typical form of the species, that but for

numerous intermediates, of which we possess Herbarium

‘Specimens, it might be assumed to be a different species.

The leaflets are both longer and narrower than is usual,

but as these vary from those figured here to broadly oblong,

no importance can be attached to the form of these organs.

In the corolla the divergence from the type is more marked ;

in most of both wild and cultivated forms this organ is

usually shorter, with five broad rounded and often notched

widely-spreading lobes, so that the limb is an inch and a

half in diameter, the colour being orange-yellow with red-

purple on the tube; here, on the other hand, the corolla is

wholly of a dark red-purple, with the tube nearly two

inches long, and the lobes short, triangular-ovate, acute,

and not one-third of an inch in breadth and length.

Now that attention has been called to the variation of

this plant, no doubt other as great deviations from the

type will be introduced into cultivation. Of these I have

seen dried specimens of one, sent from Kentucky, which

JULY Ist, 1880.

has the corolla-tube one and a half inch long by fully two-

thirds of an inch broad, and swollen like a campanula ;

another form has the corolla curved nearly into a quadrant.

Bignonia capreolata is one of the loftiest climbers in the ©

forests of the Southern United States, from Virginia to

Florida and westwards to the Mississippi, where it orna-

ments the rocks and trees by its luxuriant foliage and

(usually) orange-yellow flowers. The American name of

Cross-vine is given in reference to the wood of the stem,

which ona transverse section presents the form of a cross.—

vO.

Fig. 1, Flower cut longitudinally ; 2, anthers; 3, stigma; 4, vertical section of

ovary :—all enlarged. :

MS.del JNAtch Lith Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp

> LReeve & C° London.

Tas. 6502.

ODONTOGLOSSUM SOOT.

Native of Venezuela.

Nat. Ord. Orcu1pER —Tribe VANDER.

Genus Opontoatossum, HT. B. et K.; (Lindl. Fol. Orchid. Odontoglossum.)

OpontoeLossum (Euodontoglossum) odoratum ; pseudobulbis ovoideis compressis

marginibus acutis sulcatis, foliis anguste ensiformibus pergamaceis, panicula

amplissima multiflora, bracteis parvis, floribus 14-2 poll. expans. luteis rubro-

fusco maculatis, sepalis petalisque consimilibus anguste lanceolatis longe

acuminatis incurvis undulatis v. subcrispatis, labello hastato lobis lateralibus

brevibus rotundatis intermedio elongato late subulato longe attenuato puberulo

disco 4-dentato, columna supra medium anguste alata alis dentatis apice cirrhis

2 divaricatis incurvis margine inferiore 1-dentatis aucta.

O. odoratum, Lindl. Orchid. Linden. No. 86; Fol. Orchid. Odontoglossum, p. 3.

A many-flowered sweet-scented species of Odontoglossum,

discovered in the humid and gloomy forests of the Sierra

Nevada of Merida, at an elevation of 7000 to 8000 feet,

by Linden. It belongs to the section with O. Halli, Lindl. ;

O. nevium, Lindl.; and others which constitute the genus

Odontoglossum as first known and described. All have

slender spreading ears at the top of the column, which

sometimes end in bristle-like appendages. The specimen

figured flowers in the Royal Gardens in March, and,

though not previously figured, is well known in cultivation.

Descr. Pseudo-bulbs two to three inches long, narrowly

ovoid, compressed, two-edged, grooved. Leaves a foot

long and under, by one inch broad, narrowly ensiform,

acute, hardly coriaceous, rather the consistence of parch-

ment, pale green. Panicle stalked, sometimes three feet

long by one and a half broad, copiously branched, many-

flowered ; bracts small, membranous. lowers one and a

half to two inches broad, dull golden-yellow, blotched with

brownish-red. Sepals and petals similar, narrowly lanceo-

JULY Ist, 1880.

late, finely acuminate, incurved, waved or almost crisped.

Lip as long as the sepals, hastate; lateral lobes short,

rounded ; terminal broadly subulate, narrowed to a fine

point, pubescent, waved, its disk with two pair of longi-

tudinal obtuse erect teeth. Column with very narrow

toothed wings above the middle, and two long incurved

spur-like appendages from the apex, which end in very fine

subulate points, and have a single tooth on the lower

margin.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Lip and column; 2, front view of column; 3, anther-case; 4 and 5,

lateral and front views of column :—all enlarged.

AB del J.N-Fitch Lith

Vincent Brooks Day & Sonlap

LReeve & C° London.

Tas. 6503.

POLYGONUM cosprparum.

Native of Japan.

Nat. Ord. Potygonacr#.—Tribe Evpotyaonen.

Genus Poryeonum, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p- 97.)

Po.tyeonvm (Pleuropterus) euspidatum ; glaberrimum, caulibus e rhizomato sub-

terraneo perplurimis fasciculatis elatis robustis inclinatis foliosis, foliis petiolatis

late cordato-ovatis v. ovatis basi late truncata acuminatis utrinque elevato-

reticulatis, ochreis brevissimis deciduis, racemis axillaribus folio brevicribus

sessilibus solitariis simplicibus v. basi ramosis v. paniculatis ramis divaricatis,

bracteis ovatis obtusis 1-plurifloris rachique puberulis, pedicellis capillaribus

infra ‘medium articulatis, calyce fructifero obcordato late 3-alato, stylis 3

brevibus.

P. cuspidatum, Sieb. et Zuce. Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat.2, p.84; Meissn.in DC. Prodr.

xiv. pars 1, p. 136; Regel, Gartenfl. vol. ix. p. 152, t. 291; Grenl. in Rev.

Hortic. 1858, p. 30, cum Ic.; Mig. Prolus. Fl. Jap. p. 300; Franch. et

Savat. En. Pl. Jap. vol. i. p. 404.

P. Sieboldi, de Vriese in Ned. Kruidk. Arch. vol, ii. p. 254, et in Jahrb, Kon.

Ned. Maatsch. 1850, cum Ic. ; Lindl. et Paxt. Mag. Bot. vol. i. p. 137,

cum Ic. ; Fl. Gard. 1852, part i. p. 137, f. 90. :

Under P. compactum, figured at Tab. 6476 of this volume,

I have alluded to that plant as possibly a form of P. cus-

pidatum, differing very much in habit ; but a re-examination

of the Garden and Herbarium specimens tends to show

them to be specifically distinct, especially in the form of

the fruiting calyx, which in P. cuspidatum is obcordate and

much narrowed at the base, but in the native specimen of

P. compactum is almost orbicular, and abruptly narrowed

into the pedicel; the crisped margins of the leaves, too, are

apparently a permanent character of the latter-named

species. There is still a third species of this group to

figure, the P. sachaliense, the largest of all, and of which a

drawing is prepared for this work.

P. cuspidatum is a native of Japan, and there is in the

Herbarium a very similar plant from North China, collected

by Dr. G. Shearer at Kieu Kiang; the specimens of this

JULY 1st, 1880.

are, however, not sufficiently good to pronounce upon, and

the racemes from which the flowers have fallen are much

shorter and more fascicled. —

This species was introduced into England many years

ago; it has been cultivated for a quarter of a century at

Kew, to which it was, I believe, sent from Holland. Like

the rest of the half-shrubby species, it flowers very late in

the season, and is diceceous. :

Desor. A tall glabrous bushy herb, six feet high, with

innumerable stout branching angular red-brown leafy stems

rising in a tuft from an underground root-stock which

sends out innumerable runners. Leaves three to four

inches long and sometimes almost as broad, usually broadly

ovate-cordate, and abruptly acuminate, sometimes almost

orbicular, often truncate at the base with rounded angles,

firm, reticulated, dark green, paler beneath ; petiole one

quarter to one inch long; ochre short, caducous. Racemes

puberulous, axillary, sessile or subsessile, shorter than the

leaves, usually paniculately branched at the base, the

branches spreading and given off so low down that the

racemes appear fascicled; bracts small, obtuse; pedicels

slender, jointed below the middle. Flowers diceceous,

white. Perianth one quarter of an inch in diameter;

segments broadly elliptic, obtuse, concave. Stamens six or

seven, imperfect in the female flower. Styles three, short,

cuneate. fruiting perianth obcordate, three outer sepals

broadly winged, about one-third of an inch long, gradually

narrowed into the capillary pedicel. Nut small, trigonous,

shining.— J, D. H.

Fig. 1, Female flower ; 2, longitudinal section of the same :—both enlarged.

OOF,

AB dsl INFitch Lith Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp

LReeve & C° London

Tas. 6504.

CAMPANULA FRaGILIs.

Native of South Italy.

Nat. Ord. CamMPANULACER.—Tribe CAMPANULEX.

Genus Campanuta, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 561.)

Campanvta (Eucodon) fragilis ; glabra pilosa v. pubescens, caulibus gracilibus

diffusis, foliis longe petiolatis cordato-ovatis v. summis ovatis grosse crenato-

dentatis, floribus -axillaribus v. apices versus ramorum laxe corymbosis, lobis

calycinis lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis corollam subequantibus integris sinubus

nudis, corolla late explanata ad medium 5-fida, lobis late ovatis acutis, stylo

elongato, stigmatibus 3.

C. fragilis, Cyrill. Plant. fase. i. p. 32, t. 11, f. 2; Tenore Fl. Nap. t. 119;

A. DC. “Monog. Campan. p. 306; Prodr. vol. vii. p. 476; Lindl. in Bot.

Reg. t. 1738.

C, diffusa, Vahl Symb. p. 18.

C. cochlearifolia, Vahl 7. e. p. 18.

C crassifolia, Nees Syll. Ratisb. i. p.6; et Amen. Bot. fase. 2, p. 9, t. 4.

C. Cavolini, var. a, Tenore Syll. p. 94.

C. Barrelieri, Presi. Symb. Bot. p. 30, t. 19.

C. saxatilis rotundifolia, &c., Barr. Pi. Obs. p. 10, t. 453.

. rotundifolia Cajetana, &., Cup. Pamph. vol. i. t. 192; Boce. Ie. rar. p. 54,

t. 27.

It is somewhat singular that so long-known and beautiful

a herbaceous plant as the subject of the present plate should

be seldom seen in cultivation. The only figure of it given |

in an English work is that of a smaller flowered more hairy

variety by Lindley in the “ Botanical Register,” who says

of it: “In its native stations it is one of the most lovely

objects imaginable. Often have we heard travellers from

Italy expatiating upon the beauty of the spots which are

enamelled with the bright blue flowers of this interesting

stranger, but it was never our good fortune to see it alive,

till we met with it in the garden of Mrs. Marryatt at

Wimbledon.” :

The specimen here figured is of a large-flowered form,

which I found in the garden of Miss Wedgwood, at Down,

JULY Ist, 1880.

in Kent. According to Alphonse De Candolle, it is a native

of the evergreen region of Italy south of latitude 41°, and

struggles through the lower woodland region up to the upper

limits of the beech, about 3000 feet above the sea, growing

in exceedingly dense tufts on limestone rocks. We have,

however, specimens gathered by Mr. Grove at 5000 feet

elevation, in the valley of Orfenda of the Abruzzi.

Descr. A glabrous hairy or pubescent decumbent herb,

with slender branches six to ten inches long springing

from a woody perennial root-stock. Leaves scattered, long-

petioled ; the lower ovate or rounded-ovate, acute or obtuse,

coarsely crenate-toothed, shorter than the petioles, which

are one and a half inch long; the upper narrower and

shorter petioled. Flowers axillary and in lax terminal

corymbs, pedicelled, bright pale blue. © Calya-tube sub-

globose, grooved; lobes three-fourths the length of the

corolla, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, quite entire, sinus

without a fold. Corolla one and a half to two inches in

diameter, almost flat, the tube being but slightly concave,

five-lobed to about the middle; lobes broadly ovate, sub-

sae he long, slender ; stigmas three, oblong, obtuse.

Fig. 1, Top of style and stigma :—enlarged.

6505

AB. del JN Fitch Lith

Vincent Brooks Day& Son Imp

LReeve & C2 London

Tas, 6505.

BERBERIS BUXIFOLIA.

Native of Ohili.

Nat. Ord. BerperipEx.—Tribe BERBEREZ.

Genus Berperis, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 43.)

Berperis buxifolia; erecta, glaberrima, foliis fasciculatis obovatis v. cuneato-

obovatis obtusis acutis v. pungentibus coriaceis integerrimis v. paucidentatis

sessilibus v. in petiolum angustatis, pedunculis solitariis 1-floris foliis longioribus,

floribus aurantiacis sepalis 3 exterioribus ovatis quam interiora orbiculata

retusa duplo brevioribus, petalis oblongis fusco-aurantiacis staminibus paulo

longioribus, baccis globosis, stylo distincto valido, stigmate majusculo peltato.

B. buxifolia, Lamk. Ill. Gen. t. 253, £. 3; DC. Prodr, vol.i. p. 107; Gay £7.

Chil. vol. i. p. 91.

B. dulcis, Sweet Brit. Fl. Gard. Ser. 2, t. 100; Past, Mag. Bot. vol. x. t. 171.

- The nomenclature of the species of Berberis presents

many difficulties, and though I am satisfied as to the

present plant being the B. buwifolia of Lamarck, figured

in his “Illustrations” in 1802, and B. dulcis of Sweet,

published in 1838, I am not persuaded that it may not

have an earlier name than either of these. The difficulties

referred to arise from the extreme variability both of the

foliage and the inflorescence. Of these the latter is used

for sectional characters, according as the flowers are soli-

tary, fascicled, or corymbose; but when the corymb is

sessile, the flowers appear fascicled, and it is often the case

that the flowers of the fascicles are reduced to one. Thus

I in the “Flora Antarctica,” and De Candolle in his

Systema (vol. ii. p. 15), have referred to this species

Forster’s B. microphylla, a Fuegian plant, found by me as

far south as Cape Horn itself, which has short three-

flowered peduncles, which are often reduced to one-flowered

ones, when it closely resembles B. buzifolia, but it differs

in a character which is almost unique amongst the high

JULY Ist, 1880,

southern species of the genus, of the leaves, which are very

small, being deciduous, and the flowers appearing with the

very early leafy shoots. More similar still to the present

plant is Ruiz and Pavon’s B. virgata (Fl. Peru and Chili,

vol. 1. p. 51, tab. 281, f. B.), a native of the mountains of

Peru; but here again the flowers (though described as

solitary by De Candolle) are stated by its authors to be

three, or sometimes two or four, and the peduncles are

short, compared with those of B. buwifolia.

Berberis buxifolia ranges from Chili to the Straits of

Magellan, and probably further south, but in Fuegia it is

replaced by B. ilicifolia and B. microphylla. Tt was intro-

duced into cultivation by seeds collected by Mr. Anderson,

the botanical collector attached to Captain King’s survey

of the Magellan Straits, which were raised in Mr. Low’s

nursery at Clapton. It has long been cultivated at Kew.

The berries are eatable. oe

Descr. An erect glabrous rigid shrub. Leaves tufted ;

one to one and a half inch long, very coriaceous, sessile or

contracted into a petiole, obovate or cuneate-obovate, acute,

obtuse or mucronate, quite entire or rarely with a few

small spinous teeth, deep bright green. lowers solitary

on long stout glabrous or puberulous pedicels, which are

longer, and sometimes twice as long as the leaves, globose,

half an inch in diameter, orange-yellow. Sepals ovate,

obtuse, three outer half as long as the inner, which are

orbicular and retuse. Berry nearly globose, dark blackish-

purple ; style stout, distinct ; stigma orbicular.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower cut longitudinally ; 2

of stamens ; 4, pistil -—ad/ enlarged.

, petal and stamen ; 3, front and back view =

AB. del, J.N.Fitch Lith \ ics

Vincent Brooks Day &5on imp

Tas. 6506.

INDIGOFERA ANIL.

Native of the West Indies.

Nat. Ord. Lecuminosz.—Tribe GALEGER,

Genus InpicorEra, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p, 494.)

Inpicorrra (Euindigofera) Anil; suffrutescens, cano-puberula, foliis pinnatis,

pinnis 3-7-jugis oppositis oblongis sel obovatis v. lineari- v. obovato-

oblongis obtusis v. retusis, stipulis subulatis, racemis subsessilibus erectis

strictis folio brevioribus, calycis lobis triangularibus, vexillo parvo rotundato,

alis anguste oblongis obtusis carinam wquantibus, legumine lineari-oblongo

arcuato-recurvo rostrato obtuse 4-goni levi 6-10-spermo sutura dorsali

incrassato.

I. Anil, Zinn. Mant. p. 272; Sloane, Hist, Jam. t. 179, f.2; Lamk. Eneyel.

t. 626; Dict. Se. Nat. t. 252; Tratt. Archiv. t. 72; Tussac. Fl. Antill.

t. 72; DC. Prodr. vol. ii. p. 225, exel. var. y; Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind.

p. 181; Benth. in Mart, Fl. Bras. Legum. p. 40. ;

I. uncinata, G. Don Gard. Dict. vol. ii. p. 208.

I. micrantha, Desv. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. i. vol. ix. p. 410.

This, the indigenous Indigo of the West Indies, is the

representative of the I. tinctoria or Indigo of the Old World ;

but both of these plants having been cultivated for some

centuries for the extraction of the well-known dye, are now

naturalized in the tropics of the Old and the New World.

Of the two species, I. tinctoria was known for its product

from very early times, being in use by the Egyptians and

described by Dioscorides; whereas the I. Anil could not have

been known in Europe or the Hast until after the discovery

of America. An Indigo appears, however, to have been

used by the natives of the New World before it was brought

into competition with the plant of the Old; for Sloane

(Hist. Jam. vol. ii. p. 37) says, ‘ Robt. Tomson ap. Hakl.

p- 454, found it about Mexico, where it is used to die blue.”

It is, however, very doubtful if the plant here alluded to be

the Indigofera Anil. It is a somewhat singular fact that

although the Indigofera tinctoria has been for so many centu-

ries the only Indigo-plant known in the Old World, the first

species recognized by botanists was the West Indian LI. Anil.

JULY Ist, 1880.

According to Sir Jas. Smith (in Rees’ Encyclopedia), Gerarde

in 1597, and Johnson in 1632, knew nothing of any Indigo-

plant, Parkinson in 1640 being the first to treat of it as

“Indico or Indian Woad,” giving a figure of the leaf from De

Leet, and describing it, first from Ximenes in Leet’s description

of America, and secondly from Mr. William Finch, in Purchas’

Pilgrims. Ray, in 1688, says that it is not agreed from

what plant Indigo is made, and suggests that it is from a

leguminous one allied to Colutea; he describes it from

Hernandez and Mareraaf, and subjoins the description of

the (Indian) “ Ameri” from Rheede’s Hortus Malabarius.

Here for the first time the American and Indian species

are botanically both alluded to, though as one, nor were

they distinguished till a much later period. Linnzeus, in the

1753 edition of the Species Plantarum, describes only the

Indian species, nor was it till the publication of his Man-

tissa, in 1771, that the American was recognized as

different, by its much smaller flowers and more curved

pods, which are even (not beaded). For further informa-

tion on the much-vexed question of the J. Anil, I must

refer to A. De Candolle’s “ Geographie Botanique,” vol. ii. _

p. 855. Our figure of [. Anil is taken from a plant that

flowered in the Economic House at Kew. ‘The artist, Mrs.

Barnard, observes that the petals of the keel separate

elastically when touched.

Descr. An erect shrub, three to six feet high, faintly

hoary, with appressed hairs which are attached by the

middle. Leaves four to five inches long, pinnate ; pinnules

one to one and a half inches long, in three to seven pairs,

variable in shape, from linear-oblong to obovate-oblong,

or almost obcordate; stipules subulate. Racemes sessile,

stiff, erect, much shorter than the leaves, many-flowered.

Flowers a quarter of an inch long, shortly pedicelled.

Calye very short, with triangular teeth. Standard hairy

_ on the back, orbicular, greenish, pale pink within. Wings

oblong, pink, equalling the narrow keel. Pods numerous,

an inch long, linear-oblong, obtusely four-angled, curved

upwards, beaked, smooth, six- to ten-seeded.—J. D. H.

, Fig. 1, Side, and 2, front view of flower; 3, calyx; 4, standard ; 5, wings;

5, keel; 7, stamens ; 8, pistil :—all enlarged.

6507.

H.T.D. del JN Fiteh Lith

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp

L Reeve & C2? London.

Tas. 6507.

BUCKLANDIA poputnea.

Native of the Hastern Himalaya.

Nat. Ord. HAMAMELIDER.

Genus Buckiannpia, Br.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pi. vol. i. p. 669.)

Bucktanpia populvea; arbor elata, ramulis articulatis, foliis alternis petiolatis

late cordato-ovatis v. orbiculatis coriaceis palmatinerviis acuminatis integerrimis

stipulisque sanguineo-coloratis junioribus 3-cuspidatis, petiolo terete elongato,

stipulis 2-nis magnis oblique obovato-oblongis apice rotundatis crasse coriaceis

nervosis ramulos juniores geniculatim inflexos pedunculosve amplectentibus,

florum capitula globosa polygama v. unisexualia pedunculata pilosa, caly-—

cibus confluentibus connatis, calycis tubo ovario adnato, in fl. ¢ obscuro,

limbo (v. disco) carnosulo truncato repando-2-lobo, petalis numero incertis 4-5

v. paucioribus lineari-spathulatis seepe in stamina mutatis carnosulis, zstivatione

incurvis v. in fl. 9 sepius rudimentaria, staminibus in fl. ¢ 10-14 in 9 nullis,

filamentis subulatis, antheris basifixis, ovario }-infero 2-loculari, stylis 2 |

subulatis recurvis, capsula subglobosa, seminibus in loculis ad 6, superioribus

osseis embryone 0, fertilibus superne longe alatis.

B. populnea, Br. in Wall. Cat. n. 7414, et in Vermischte Schriften, vol. v. p. 374;

Griff. in Asiat. Research. vol. xix. t. 13, 14; Hook. f. et Thoms. in Journ.

Linn. Soe. vol. ii. p. 86 ; C. B. Clarke in Fl, Brit. Ind. vol. ii. p. 429.

Liquidambar tricuspidata, Miguel FU. Ind. Bot. i, pars i. 1097, Suppl. 189, 346, t. 4,

One of the most beautiful trees of the forests of the

Sikkim Himalaya,-at elevations of 4000 to 6000 feet; also

not unfrequent in the Khasia mountains, where, however, it

does not attain the same stature, in so far as I have seen;

and of the mountains of Sumatra. From the elevations at

which it grows in the Himalaya, there is no prospect of

Bucklandia being hardy in England, but as a greenhouse

ornament no plant of the class can be more attractive.

The trunk is cylindric and straight in well-grown trees,

and, together with the oblong crown of evergreen foliage,

attains 100 feet in height. The wood-vessels are annu-—

late and the pith punctate as in the wood of Magnoliacew,

which, with the remarkable stipules resembling those of

Liriodendron, establish a resemblance between these other-

auGcust Ist, 1880.

' fertile seed;

wise very different genera. Nothing can exceed the beauty

of the young foliage of Bucklandia, and this has induced :

me to figure it for the Borantcan Macazine without fresh

flowers, which will probably not be produced for several

years. The foliage figured is that of young trees, three to

five feet high, at present standing on the shelves of the

Temperate House at Kew, and which are about as many

years old; they were raised from seeds sent by Dr. King,

of the Calcutta Botanic Garden, and Mr. Gammie, of Dar-

jecling. The figure represents by no means the largest

leaves on the plants, some of which are nearly a foot in

diameter. The leaves of the young plant have often three

to five cusps irregularly placed beyond the middle. Those

of the full-grown tree are much smaller and are always

entire and green.

Desor. A tall erect evergreen tree. Leaves long-petioled,

four to six inches broad and rather longer, broadly ovate- or

orbicular-cordate, acuminate, coriaceous, glossy green with

red midrib and nerves, the young more or less deep blood-

red throughout beneath, but above shot with green ; petiole —

red, cylindric, two to three inches long; stipules in pairs,

one to two inches long, obliquely oblong or broader upwards,

coriaceous, nerved, closely applied face to face in the young

state, and enclosing a young branch, or the inflorescence,

which is sharply bent inwards. Flowers in globose uni-

sexual or polygamous heads an inch in diameter, on bracteate

silky simple or branched peduncles ; bracts oblong, caducous.

Caly«-tubes confluent; limb a five-crenate fleshy margin

(perhaps the disk). Petals linear-oblong, very irregular in

number, size, and position. Stamens numerous, filaments

short, slender ; anthers basifixed, oblong. Ovary two-celled. —

Styles two, divergent, subulate. Capsules in a globose head, _

each two-celled, with about six seeds in each cell; two

upper seeds fusiform and angular, quite solid, without an

embryo; lower with a long flat ascending wing from one

side; embryo with oblong flattened cotyledons and a short

superior radicle.—J, D. H

Fig. 1, Male head ; 2, petals;

3 and 4, ; 5, a ; 6, disk and

carpels; 7, vertical section of di negeiN xierernan “yyciaimamne me iad fe a

id sees tto, with petal ; 8, transverse section of ditto ; .

; 10, secti ‘ hs 48% ; ;

and 5 enlarged, n of ditto; 11, embryo; 12, imperfect seed :—all but figs

sae he ila

renee

Tas. 6508.

STENOMESSON LUTEOVIRIDE.

Native of Ecuador.

Nat. Ord. AMaRYLLIDACEA.—Tribe PancRaTIEZ.

Genus Stenomesson, Herb.; (Baker in Ref. Bot. sub t. 308.)

Srenomesson (Coburgia) Juteo-viride; bulbo globoso tunicis membranaceis

brunneis collo elongato cylindrico semipedali, foliis synanthiis lineari-loratis

viridibus, scapo ancipiti terminali sesquipedali, umbellis 5—6-floris pedicellis

brevibus, spathe valvis magnis ovato-lanceolatis, perianthio luteo-viridi 4-

pollicari, ovario oblongo, tubo subcylindrico, segmentis oblongis cuspidatis tubo

2-3-plo brevicribus, filamentis dimidio inferiori in coronam coalitis margine

inter filamentorum partem liberam dentibus deltoideis integris vel obscure

dentatis preedito, antheris fulvis lineari-oblongis, stylo exserto.

This is a new species from the high Andes of Ecuador,

which flowered for the first time in the spring of 1879 with

Messrs. E. G. Henderson and Son, of the Pine Apple

Nurseries, Maida Vale. It is nearly allied to the well-known

Coburgia trichroma of Herbert (Bot. Mag. tab. 3867), and

quite similar to it in its cultural and climatic requirements.

The present plant differs from trichroma in the colour of its

flowers and by its longer corona and more acute green

leaves. There does not appear to be any valid character to

separate Coburgia as a genus from Stenomesson, and the

latter has the claim of priority. I do not think we can

properly regard the first six species of Coburgia as admitted

in Kunth’s Synopsis as more than mere varieties of the

plant that was first described by Ruiz and Pavon in 1802

under the name of Pancratium variegatum.

Descr. Bulb globose, two or three inches in diameter,

with thin brown membranous tunics, which extend up the

cylindrical neck to a length of six or eight inches. Leaves

about four, contemporary with the flowers in spring, linear-

lorate, fleshy, bright green, glabrous, a foot long at the

flowering-time, an inch broad, narrowed gradually to the

AUGUST Ist, 1880.

point. Scape green, ancipitous, produced from the end of

the neck of the bulb, a foot and a half long. Umbel five- or

six-flowered ; pedicels very short; spathe-valves ovate-

lanceolate, green at the flowering-time, two or three inches

‘long. Ovary oblong-trigonous, green, half an inch long;

perianth-tube subcylindrical, greenish-yellow, between two

and three inches long; segments oblong, cuspidate, perma-

nently ascending and much imbricated, yellow with a

distinct green keel, an inch long. Corona green, half an

inch long, inserted at the throat of the perianth-tube,

furnished with a simple or obscurely toothed deltoid process

between the base of the free portion of each filament;

anthers fulvous, linear-oblong, versatile, under half an inch

long. Style finally much longer than the perianth ; stigma

capitate.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, Section of flower :—of the natural size.

6509

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp

ted

Re eve &

Tas. 6509.

EPIMEDIUM $Perratpertanum.

Native of Algeria.

Nat. Ord. BerBertpEm.—Tribe BERBEREX.

Genus Eprmeprium, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 44.)

Erimepium Perralderianum; sparse patentim pilosa, foliis 3-foliolatis, foliolis

coriaceis perennantibus cordato-ovatis acutis ciliato-dentatis, sinu elongato

~ angusto, auriculis rotundatis, pedunculo radicali petiolo «quilongo, racemo

multifloro glanduloso-piloso, pedicellis gracilibus horizontaliter patentibus,

floribus aureis, sepalis extimis minutis oblongis obtusis caducis, intimis fere

orbicularibus horizontalibus late imbricatis, petiloram lamina erecta mirgine

dentata, calcare incurva robusta obtusa laminz wquilonga, staminibus petalis

triplo longioribus flavis.

E. Perralderianum, Cosson in Kralik Pl. Alger. Sel. exsice. No. 100, et in Bull.

Soc. Bot. France, vol. ix. p. 167 (1867); Baker in Gard. Chron. 1880, p. 683.

This is the African representative of the Persian and

Caucasian Hpimedium pinnatum, tab. 4456, from which it

is distinguished by its leaves being invariably only tri-folio-

late, and by its much more strongly ciliate-toothed leaflets,

which are perennial, and when young of a beautiful bronze-

colour shot with green. In the form and colouring of the

sepals and petals these two species are so alike that they can

hardly be ranked higher than geographical forms, and it is

far from improbable that specimens connecting them will be

found in Southern Europe, if not in Africa. The texture of

the leaves is so firm that even in this climate they persist

during the winter. ce

Epimedium Perralderianum is a native of the moun-

tain-woods of Babor, Foughell and Tababor in Hastern

Khabylie, at elevations of 3000 to 5000 feet, whence it was

introduced into cultivation by Dr. Cosson. The plants

from which our figure is taken are perfectly hardy in Kew,

and were presented by Dr. Reichenbach.

AvGustT Ist, 1880.

The species is named by Dr. Cosson after H. de

Perraudiére, one of his companions during an expedition

into the mountains of Eastern Khabylie in 1861, when the

species was discovered. It flowers early in June.

Dusor. Sparsely clothed with spreading lax scattered

hairs. Leaves 3-foliolate, petiole slender, rigid, flexuous, a

span long and under; leaflets rigid, coriaceous, two to three

inches long by one and a half to two broad, ovate-cordate

or orbicular-ovate, acute, acutely closely ciliate-toothed, basal

sinus deep narrow, the rounded basal lobes sometimes over-

lapping, rigid, when young of a fine red bronze colour shot

with green; petiolules one to one and a half inch long. Scape

equalling the leaves, springing directly from the root-stock,

many-flowered; raceme glandular-pubescent, twelve- to

twenty-flowered ; pedicels slender, one-third to two-thirds

of an inch long, horizontal; bracts small, caducous. Flowers

bright yellow, three-quarters to two-thirds of an inch in

diameter. Ezternal sepals minute, oblong, caducous ; inner

orbicular or broadly oblong, horizontally spreading, broadly

_Imbricate. Petals with a cucullate toothed lamina; spur

stout, obtuse, cylindric, incurved, about as long as the blade.

Stamens twice as long as the petals; anthers narrowly

linear. Ovary cylindric, undulate on the ventral face ; style _

incurved.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Petal; 2, stamens; 3, ovary :—all enlarged.

6510.

Vincent Brooks Day &Son Imp

HOD. del, JN. Mitch ith

oO:

Tas. 6510,

CHION! OGRAPHIS Japonica.

Native of Japan.

Nat. Ord. MELANTHACER.—Tribe HELONIES.

Genus CH1onoGrapuis, Maxim.; (Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. Lond. vol. xvii.

p. 469.)

CHIONOGRAPHIS japonica ; glaberrima, foliis radicalibus rosulatis sessilibus v. in

petiolum angustatis late v. anguste elliptico-oblongis v. elliptico-lanceolatis

acutis plus minusve dentatis costa distincta nervis valde obliquis caulinis

linearibus, scapo angulato, spica brevi et oblonga v. elongata erecta multiflora,

rachiacute angulata, perianthii albi segmentis 4 v.6 anguste linearibus obtusis

a basi ad apicem obtusam sensim dilatatis, 2 superioribus longioribus, 2 inferi- —

oribus minutis v. obsoletis, filamentis brevissimis crassis, antheris didymis

subextrorsum @ehiscentibus, ovario subgloboso 3-lobo 3-loculare, stigmatibus

3 clavellatis, ovulis in loculis 2 medio angulo interiori affixis anatropis,

micropyle lata supera, raphe ventrali.

C. japonica, Maximovicz in Bull. Acad. Sc. St. Petersh. vol. vi. p. 209 (Dee. iii.) ;

Franch, et Sav. Enum. Pl. Jap. vol. ii. p. 86; Baker in Journ, Linn. Soc.

vol. xvii. p. 469...

Melanthiym luteum, Thunb. Fl. Jap. p. 152.

M. japonicum, Willd. in Berl. Mag. vol. ii. p. 22.

Helonias ? japonica, Schultes fil. Syst. Veg. vol. vii. p. 1567; Kunth. Enum.

vol. iv. p. 175.

Chameelirion luteum, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. vol. iii. p. 144, non A. Gray.

Though originally described by Thunberg nearly a century

ago, this is a very rare and little-known plant, of which we

have seen no native specimens but those collected by

Maximovicz in 1863, and one communicated by Captain

- Blomfield, R.N., in 1873. It is referred by Mr. Baker in

his valuable paper on the aberrant tribes of Liliarew to the

group Heluniee, and its immediate affinity is with the

Kastern N. American genera Helonias and Chamelirium. It

is the only species of the genus. :

This very singular plant was raised from seed sent by

_ Mr. Maries to Messrs. Veitch, with whom it flowered in

_ April of the present year.

Descr. A quite glabrous perennial herb, six to twelve

AUGUST Ist, 1880.

inches high, with rosulate radical leaves, and a simple

slender leafy scape, bearing a spike of white flowers with

very long pcrianth-segments and minute stamens. Leaves,

radical two to three inches long, sessile or narrowed into a

stout or slender petiole, variable in shape, from linear-oblong

to broadly elliptic, acute, irregularly toothed or almost en-

tire, dark green on both surfaces, midrib very distinct,

nerves very oblique; cauline leaves linear, quite sessile.

Scape strict, acutely angled, as is the rachis of the spike.

Spike at first oblong, obtuse, usually lengthening to four or

five inches, strict, erect, many-flowered. Flowers quite

sessile and appressed to the rachis; bracts and bracteoles

none. Perianth about three-quarters of an inch in diameter

across the segments, pure white; segments six, or four, the

two lower being suppressed, or three, with the three lower

suppressed, all widely spreading, strict, narrowly linear, but

slightly dilated from the base to the obtuse point; two

upper (when four or six) the longest, about half an inch

long; two lateral about one-third shorter, ascending; two

lower very short, deflexed. Stamens six, filaments very

short and stout ; anther-cells reniform, adnate to the fila-

ment, bursting outwards. Ovary globose, three-lobed,

three-celled ; stigmas three, recurved, club-shaped, obtuse ;

ovules two in each cell, adnate to the middle of the inner

angle, anatropous, with ventral raphe and superior large

open micropyle.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower with three perianth-segments seen in front; 2, another with six

seen from the back; 3, back and front view of stamen ; 4, ovary ; 5, section of the

same ; 6, ovule :—all enlarged.

511.

ch De

(}

Fr y

YAY

fine se,

ay & Son Imp

4. TY

OOxS 1

Vancent B

Tap. -GbEL.

AGAVE HORRIDA.

Native of Mezxico.

Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDACEH.—Sub-order AGAVE.

Genus Agave, Linn. ; (Kunth Enum. vol. v. p. 818.)

Agave (Littea) horrida ; acaulis, foliis 30-40 dense rosulatis ensiformibus sub-

pedalibus apice spina pungente corneo magna armatis margine lato corneo

griseo cinctis aculeis magnis distantibus inaqualibus armato, pedunculo foliis

3-4-plo superante, bracteis vacuis subulatis squarrosis, floribus in paniculam

subspicatam densam cylindricam aggregatis geminis breviter pedunculatis et

pedicellatis, bracteis parvis linearibus, ovario cylindrico-trigono, tubo brevi late

infundibulari, segmentis oblongis purpureo-viridibus, staminibus ad tubi fancem

insertis segmentis 2~3-plo longioribus, stylo demum filamentis equilongo.

A. horrida, Lemaire ; Jacobi Monog. pp. 43 and 207; Nacktrage, p.15; K. Koch

in Wochenschrift, vol. xii. p. 177; Baker in Gard. Chron. nv. 8. vol. Vil.

(1877), p- 621, fig. 99.

A. Regeliana and Desmetiana, Hort. non Jacobi.

This is one of the best known of the smaller Agaves with

a distinct continuous horny border to the leaf. It was

introduced from Mexico by Verschaffelt in 1862, and is now

to be found in all the more complete collections, but usually

under the name either of Regeliana or Desmetiana, both of

which rightfully belong to species of another section. I

am not aware that there is any record of its having flowered.

Our drawing was made from a plant in the collection so

liberally lent to Kew by J. T. Peacock, Hisq., of Hammer-

smith, which has been on exhibition for a considerable time

in the south wing of the Temperate House, where it flowered

in the spring of this present year. he flowers are notably

proterandrous, the style not reaching its full length, nor

the stigma becoming papilldse, till long after the anthers of

the same flower are withered. I believe that A. triangularis,

grandidentata, and Maigretiana of Jacobi, and A. Gilbeyi

of Haage and Schmidt, will all prove to be forms of this

species.

AauGusT lst, 1880.

Duscr. Acaulescent. Leaves thirty or forty in a dense

rosette, ensiform, about a foot long, two inches broad, rigid

in texture, flat and bright green on the face, duller green

on the back, the point armed with a large pungent spine,

the edges margined with a continuous distinct persistent

grey horny border, which is furnished with numerous irre-

gular large faleate brown horny prickles. Pedunele three

or four times as long as the leaves, furnished with abundant

subulate squarrose empty bracts. Spike cylindrical, about

as long as the peduncle, seven or eight inches in diameter

when the flowers are fully expanded ; flowers arranged in

pairs, each flower with a distinct pedicel, and each pair with

a short peduncle and small linear bract. Ovary green,

cylindrical-trigonous, under an inch long; tube funnel-

shaped, a quarter of an inch long ; segments oblong, green

tinged with claret-purple, as long as the ovary. Stamens

insérted at the throat of the perianth-tube ; filaments claret-

purple, two inches long; anthers linear-oblong, half an inch

long. Style finally as long as the filaments, but not till

after the anthers have withered.—J. @. Baker.

: Fig. 1, View of plant—much reduced 3 2and 3, portions of leaves; 3, flowers;

4, section of flower :—al/ of the natural size.

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Linp

del JNFitch Lith

don

C° Lon

(

I, Reeve &

Tas. 6512.

CRINUM Kirk.

Native of Hast Tropical Africa.

Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDACEs.—Tribe AMARYLLIDER.

Genus Crinum, Linn. 3 (Kunth Enum. vol. v. p. 547.)

Crinum Kirkii; bulbo magno globoso collo elongato, foliis lorato-lanceolatis

acuminatis 3-4-pedalibus viridibus recurvatis margine distincte ciliatis, scapo

crasso compresso sesquipedali, umbellis sessilibus 12—15-floris, spathe valvis

magnis rubellis, perianthii 9-10-pollicaris tubo cylindrico viridulo curvato,

limbi cernui segmentis oblongo-lancevlatis acuminatis tubo paulo longioribus

albis dorso carina distincta coccinea decoratis, staminibus limbo distincte

brevioribus, stylo staminibus longiori stigmate capitato.

This is a very fine new Crinum of the ornatwm group, of

which the bulb was sent home about two years ago by

Dr. Kirk from Zanzibar. It flowered for the first time at

Kew in the autumn of 1879. Its nearest ally is C. Forbes-

tanum, from Delagoa Bay, which was lost for a long time,

but which we have again lately received and flowered.

The present plant has flowers as large and as brightly

coloured as in the finest forms of ornatum, but may be

recognized at a glance by its short very stout peduncle

and very large acuminate leaves, with a distinctly ciliated

edge.

Dass. Bulb globose, six or seven inches in diameter,

with membranous pale-brown outer tunics and a neck half

a foot long and about three inches in diameter. Leaves

about a dozen to a rosette, developed at the same time as

the flowers, lorate, acuminate, three or four feet long, four

or four and a half inches broad in the lower half, narrowed

gradually from the middle to the point, bright green, re-

flexing in an early stage, undulated towards the margin

and conspicuously ciliated with minute white bristles.

Peduneles two or three to a bulb, compressed, about a foot

SEPTEMBER lst, 1880.

and a half long, an inch in diameter. lowers twelve to

fifteen in a sessile centripetal umbel; spathe-valves deltoid,

_ red-brown, membranous, three or four inches long. Perianth

nine or ten inches long; tube cylindrical, suberect, curved,

greenish, rather shorter than the cernuous limb, the seg-

ments of which are oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, an inch

or an inch and a quarter broad at the middle, pure white,

with a very distinct broad crimson stripe down the keel.

Stamens declinate, more than an inch shorter than the

perianth segments ; anthers linear, versatile, half an inch

long. Style overtopping the stamens; stigma small, capi-

tate.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, Whole plant, much reduced in size ; 2, margin of leaf, magnified.

AB. del, JN Fitch Lith

Vincent Brooks Day & Son inp

L Reeve & C°London.

Tas. 6513.

CITRUS trrronrata.

Native of Japan.

Nat. Ord. Ruracem.—Tribe AURANTIER.

Genus Cirrus, Louriero; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol: i. p. 305 et 999:)

Cirrus ¢rifoliata; glaberrima, spinosa, foliolis ellipticis subacutis v. obtusis

crenulatis, floribus subsessilibus solitariis 4-5-meris, sepalis oblongo-ovatis

concavis, petalis multo longioribus obovatis concavis, filamentis subsequalibus

basi dilatatis, disco annulari.

C. trifoliata, Linn. Sp. Pl. 1101; Franch. et Sav. Pl. Jap. vol: i. p. 74.

C. trifolia, Thunb. Fl. Jap. p. 294.

Mele sepiaria, DC. Prodr. vol. i. p. 538.

Pseudzegle sepiaria, Mig. in Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. vol. ii: p. 83; Kempf. Amen.

p- 801, t. 802.

This singular and free-flowering shrub is much less

known than it deserves to be, it being, in fact, almost un-

known in English gardens, though perfectly hardy, free-

flowering, and sweet-scented. It has stood unprotected in

the open border of the Arboretum of Kew for several years,

and hitherto has been quite uninjured, even the tender

young shoots resisting the early frosts and long-protracted

cold of the last two inclement seasons; a fact the more

singular when it is considered that the whole plant is ever-

green in respect of leaves, branches, and spines, though the

leaves are deciduous. :

Q. trifoliata is a native of Japan, where it is much culti-

vated both as a garden plant and for fences; its fruit,

which resembles a small orange, is described as very bitter,

and having laxative properties. As an early-flowering and

sweet-scented hardy shrub, this Citrus 1s likely to prove a

favourite, and should it be eventually unable to withstand a

winter of unusual severity in the open border, it may still be

safe on a wall with or without protection. The flowers

SEPTEMBER Ist, 1880.

appeared in the middle of May of this very backward year,

but no fruit has been formed; the leaves were not fully

developed till the end of June. It need hardly be stated

that the five-petalled variety is much more attractive than

the four-petalled.

Desor. A glabrous shrub, three to five feet high, with

stout spreading terete smooth green shining branches, and

strong straight thorns an inch long and upwards. Leaves

appearing after the flowers, three-foliolate ; petiole about

half an inch long, flattened ; leaflets elliptic, sessile, crenu-

late, obtuse, emarginate, coriaceous, dotted with pellucid

oil-glands ; lateral often oblique, about one inch, the

terminal one and a half inch long. Flowers solitary in the

axils of the spines, very shortly pedicelled, about one inch

in diameter. Sepals four or five, small, oblong, concave,

deciduous. Petals four or five, two-thirds of an inch

long, obovate, almost clawed, concave, incurved, snow-

white. Stamens eight, or ten, inserted in a thick annular

pubescent disk, filaments flattened, connate at the base,

reddish below the middle; anthers oblong. Ovary globose,

two or more celled pubescent; and stigma very short,

crenate ; ovules one in each cell. Fruit a small orange.—

J.D. H.

Fig. 1, Vertical section of flower; 2, stamen; 3, disk and ovary; 4, vertical

section of the same ; 5, transverse section of ovary :—all enlarged.

6514.

A.B.del, JN FiuchLith ecu. BrooksDay & Son imp

L-Reeve C° London.

Tar, 6514,

GEN TIANA oRNATA.

Native of the Himalaya.

Nat. Ord. Gentianrx.—Tribe SwERTIER.

Genus Gentrana, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p- 815.)

GenT1ana (Pneumonanthe) ornata ; caulibus e radice perennanti decumbentibus

gracilibus foliosis, foliis parvis ovato- v. oblongo-lanceolatis linearibusve

margine cartilagineis levissimis, floribus sessilibus terminalibus solitariis,

calycis 5-fidi lobis ovato- v. lineari-lanceolatis corollam dimidiam sequantibus,

corolla ccerulea, tubo subcylindraceo inflato v. subinfundibulari striato, lobis 5

poe Sisnguler ovate acutis plicis triangularibus obtusis integris multo

ongioribus, antheris liberis, capsula fusiformi pedicellato corolle equilonga,

seminis testa lamellato-rugosa exalata.

G. ornata, Wall. Cat. n. 4386; Griseb. in DC. Prodr. vol. ix. p- 110.

Pneumonanthe ornata, Don Gard. Dict vol. iv. p. 194.

This beautiful little Gentian is a native of the rich alpine

meadows of the Himalaya, where it represents the G. frigida

of the Hungarian Alps, and from which it differs in the

cartilaginous margins of the leaves, and the absence of the

filamentous remains of old stems on the summit of the

root-stock, as also in the colour of the corolla, which is of an

intense blue, not white, like the European species.

The G. ornata is confined to the central and eastern

Himalaya; it was discovered by Wallich’s collectors in

Central Nepal, and I have gathered it abundantly in Sikkim

at elevations of 13,000 to 16,000 feet. oe:

I am indebted to Mr. Sadler, of the Edinburgh Botanical

Gardens, for sending the specimen here figured, which

flowered in May. Some of the native specimens have much

longer, narrower, and acuminate leaves, and more funnel-

shaped corollas.

Descr. Stems numerous, three to five inches long,

Spreading from the root-stock, decumbent with ascending

SEPTEMBER Ist, 1880.

tips, sparingly branched, slender, leafy, red. Leaves half

an inch long, ovate-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, acute,

acuminate or obtuse, deep green with a pale midrib, margin

narrowly cartilaginous, quite smooth. lowers solitary and

sessile at the ends of the branches, an inch long. Calyx-tube

narrowly campanulate; lobes five, similar to the leaves,

half as long as the corolla, spreading stellately. Corolla-

tube subcylindric, a little inflated, whitish striped with blue ;

lobes five, small, triangular-ovate, acute, intensely blue,.

much longer than the small entire obtuse folds. Stamens

inserted about the middle of the tube; anthers free. Ovary

fusiform, stipitate, stigmas revolute. Capsule fusiform,

enclosed in the corolla-tube, and as long as it is. Seeds

with a lamellate rugose testa, not winged.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower vertically cut open, with two uppermost leaves of the branch

2, stamen ; 3, lip of ovary and stigmas ; 4, ovules :—all enlarged.

‘ f

: JN Fiteh Lath. Mincent Brooks Day & Son Imp

L.Reeve & C° London.

Tap: 6515.

HELICHRYSUM rricivem.

Native of Corsica.

Nat. Ord. Composirm.—Tribe INULOIDER.

Genus Heticurysum, Gertn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p- 309.)

Heticurysvum (Xerochlena) frigidum; perenne, herbaceum, pumilum, cespitosum,

ramis decumbentibus molliter argenteo-sericeis, foliis laxe imbricatis lineari-

oblongis obtusis integerrimis, capitulis terminalibus solitariis sessilibus basi

tomentosis, involucri bracteis lineari-oblongis obtusis, interioribus albis elongatis

stellatim patentibus, achzniis sericeis, pappi setis paucis 1-seriatis scaberulis.

H. frigidum, Willd. Sp. Pl. vol. iii. p. 1908, and DC. Fl. Frane. vol. iv. p. 131;

Prodr. vol. vi. p. 177; Gren. et Godr, Fl. Franc, vol. ii. p. 186.

Gnaphalium bellidiflorum, Viv. Fragm. p. 16, t. 19.

Xeranthemum frigidum, Lab. Pl. Syr. Dec. vol. ii. p. 9, t. 4.

A very remarkable and scarce little alpine plant, found

hitherto nowhere but in the mountains of Corsica, at ele-

vations reaching to 6000 feet. It was long supposed to -

be also a native of Syria, it being described and figured by

the Syrian traveller Labillardiere (under the name of

Xeranthemum frigidum) as being found by him on Mount

Lebanon as well as in Corsica, and we have in the Kew

Herbarium a specimen of it from Labillardiere’s own

herbarium, communicated by the late Mr. Webb, who

obtamed the herbarium by purchase, and left it by will to

Florence, but it is not stated whether it is from. Corsica or

Lebanon; as however it is identical with specimens from the

first-named country, it may be assumed to be a copatriot.

Boissier, in his Flora Orientalis (vol. iii. p. 239), states

under H. Billardieri (a Lebanon species and very different

from H. frigidwm) that H. frigidum is erroneously ascribed

to the Lebanon, and this is the general and, no doubt, correct

opinion.

I am indebted to Messrs. Backhouse for the opportunity

SEPTEMBER lst, 1880. ~°

of figuring this beautiful little plant, which flowered at the

York Nurseries in May, 1879.

Desor. A tufted low herb; stems three to four inches

long, decumbent, slender, spreading from the perennial

root, then ascending, clothed with soft silky silvery hairs.

- Leaves one-fourth to one-third of an inch long, lower

much shorter, loosely imbricating all round the stem and

branches from their bases to their tips. Heads solitary,

terminal, sessile, one-third to two-thirds of an inch in

diameter.. Involucre obconic; bracts linear-oblong, obtuse,

imbricate in many series, woolly, the innermost half an

inch long and spreading, opaque and white for half their

length. Receptacles conical, smooth, naked. lowers of the

ray in several series, tubular, slender, three-toothed ; of

the disk larger, narrowly funnel-shaped, five-lobed, gla-

brous. Anther-cells with slender tails. Sty/e-arms truncate.

Pappus-hairs few, in one series, very slightly thickened

towards the tip, scabrid.—J. D. H.

_ Fig. 1, Receptacle with an inner involucral bract and flower of ray and of the

disk ; 2, flower of ray and, 3, of the disk; 4, stamen; 5, style-arms ; 6, hair of

pappus :—all enlarged.

6576.

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp

AB. del. J N Fitch Lah

LReeve & C° London.

Tas. 6516.

LACAINA spPEcTABILIS.

Native of Mexico. —

Nat. Ord. OrcH1pER.—Tribe VanDEz.

Genus Laczna, Lindl. ; (Walp. Ann. vol. vi. p. 612.)

Laczna bicolor ; pseudobulbis oblongo-ovoideis compressis levibus, foliis magnis

petiolatis elliptico-lanceolatis plicatis nervosis, pedunculo basi pseudobulbi

enato, racemo puberulo pendulo 8-10 floro, bracteis oblongis ovario brevioribus,

perianthio galeato pallide roseov. albo puncticulis rubro-purpureis asperso, sepalis

subsequalibus orbiculari-ovatis obtusis concavis, petalis brevioribus unguiculatis

trulliformibus obtusis conniventibus, labello unguiculato basi articulato lobis —

lateralibus rotundatis incurvis, terminali trulliformi unguiculato retuso purpureo

dense punctulato, disco inter lobos laterales cornuto, columna superne ampliata,

jolliniis 2 pyriformibus, stipite lineari superne dilatato, glandula parva.

L. spectabilis, Reichb.f. in Bonpland. vol. ii. p. 92; Walp. Ann. vol. vi. p. 612.

Nauenia spectabilis, K7otzsch in Otto et Dietr. Allg. Gartz. 1853, 193.

A very little-known genus, of which only two species

have been discovered, the present and L. bicolor, on which

the genus was founded by Lindley (Bot. Reg. 1844, t. 50),

and which is a native of Guatemala. The present is by

very much the handsomer species of the two, and is re-

markable for the delicate colouring of the perianth, which

in L. bicolor is of a greenish-yellow hue, and not speckled

in the lip. The two species differ widely, this having a

much longer claw, a horn, concave in front, between the

lateral lobes, and a stipitate mid-lobe; whilst that of L.

bicolor has a very short claw, a beard between the lateral

lobes, and an almost sessile mid-lobe. :

Lindley, who named the genus, called it by one of the

names of Helen (Lacena), because of its beauty; a com-

pliment which the Botanical Register’s representative of

L. bicolor does not at all merit; he adds, however, that it

may also be derived from hakis, a cleft, in allusion to the

divisions of the lip. :

L. spectabilis flowered at Kew in the spring of this year;

SEPTEMBER Ist, 1880.

the Royal Gardens are indebted to Dr. Wendland, of the

Royal Gardens of Herrnhausen, Hanover, for the plant.

Desor. Pseudo-bulbs narrowly ovoid, three to four inches

long, smooth (till aged), compressed. Leaves elliptic-

lanceolate, acuminate at both ends, nerved, plaited. Pe-

duncle from the base of the pseudo-bulb, ascending, then

decurved with a pendulous raceme of nine or more flowers,

stout, pubescent; bracts half an inch long, oblong, appressed

to the pubescent ovary, and shorter than it. Perianth

galeate, one inch in diameter, white suffused with pink,

sprinkled with minute purple specks. Sepals orbicular-

ovate, obtuse, concave. Petals smaller, clawed, trulliform,

obtuse, connivent. Lip equalling the petals, clawed; claw

slender, articulate with the base of the column ; lateral

lobes rounded, incurved, disk between them with a promi-

nent horn that is concave in front; mid-lobe stipitate,

trulliform, closely speckled with purple. Column winged,

hooded at the top. Pollen-masses two, narrowly pyriform ;

pedicel linear, dilated upwards, gland very small.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Front view of flowers with the sepals spread out; 2, ditto of column and

lip; 3, side view of column and lip; 4 and 5, front and back view of pollinia ;

8, anther :—all but fig. 1 enlarged.

thas ce eo

oe Pet

ae rae

a Hig pee

Adon

Lond

L.Reeve & (9

Tas, 6517.

SALVIA HIANS.

Native of Kashmir. :

Nat. Ord. Lanrarm,—Tribe MonaRpEx.

Genus Satvia, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 1194.)

Satv1a (Drymosphace) hians ; herbacea, erecta, villosa, caule robusto 4-gono, foliis

longe petiolatis deltoideo-ovatis basi truncatis v. hastatis acutis v. acuminatis

crenato-dentatis rugosis, racemis simplicibus v. compositis, verticillastris 6-floris,

calycis campanulati striati colorati glutinosi labio superiore integro truncato,

inferiore sequilongo dentibus triangulari-ovatis acutis, corolla azurea_tubo

ealyce triplo longiore subinflato, limbo brevi hiante, labio superiore brevi 2-lobo

lobis acutis, inferioris lobis lateralibus brevibus reflexis, intermedio late obcor-

dato pubescente.

S. hians, Royle et Benth. in Hook. Bot. Misc. vol. iii. p. 373; Ill. Himal. Bot.

t. 757; Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1841, t. 39; Benth. in DC. Prodr. xii. 276.

S. macrophylla, Tawsch in Flora, 1842, p. 282 (?).

A very handsome perennial, of which seeds, collected in

Kashmir, were sent to Kew by Dr. Aitchison in 1877.

He describes it as growing profusely in grassy marshes,

at elevations of from 8,500 to 11,000 feet, and flowering in

July and August. It was first found by Royle’s collectors,

sent from the Saharunpore Gardens to Kashmir, and

flowered at the Royal Horticultural Society’s Gardens in

1840, whence the figure in the Botanical Register was

made; but neither this figure, nor Royle’s, gives any idea of

the intense sapphire-blue of the corolla. It has also been

collected in Kashmir by Jacquemont and Falconer, and, as

one of the most beautiful plants of that botanically rich

valley, it can hardly escape the notice of future collectors.

Dr. Lindley describes it as “one of the gayest of our

perennials, in consequence of the striking contrast between

the white and blue of its large flowers.”

The specimen here figured flowered in the herbaceous

grounds at Kew in June of the present year.

OCTOBER Ist, 1880.

Desor. A villous perennial, two to three feet high, with

stout erect four-angled stems. Leaves three to five inches

long, long-petioled, deltoid-ovate, acute or acuminate, base

truncate with rounded lobes or hastate with acute spreading

lobes, rugose, pubescent on both surfaces; petiole four to

eight inches long. Raceme simple or branched at the base,

eight to twelve inches long, very villous; lower whorls of

flowers distant, with leafy bracts; false-whorls six-flowered;

flowers shortly pedicelled. Calyx half an inch long, gluti-

nous, subcampanulate, green below, dark above; lips short,

broad, acute, lobes bifid. Corolla large, one inch long

and nearly as broad across the mouth, bright blue, except

the white mid-lobe of the lip; tube three times as long as

the calyx, broad, rather inflated; upper lip short, bifid,

with acute lobes; lower with broad short revolute side

lobes, and a large broadly-obcordate pendulous mid-lobe.

Anthers exserted ; connective of sterile anther-cells short.

Style slender, much exserted.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Vertical section of flower ; 2, portion of corolla and stamen :—oth a little

enlarged,

6518

€

rit

RSE RSA;

Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp

AB del JN Fitch Lith.

poh, . Seam ay eS

Tas. 6518.

a. TULIPA BIFLora.

b. TULIPA Itiensis.

Natives of Siberia and Turkestan.

Nat. Ord. Lintackm.—Tribe TULIPER.

Genus Tuxtpa, Linn. ; (Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xiv. p. 275.)

Tutira biflora;-bulbo parvo ovoideo tunicis intus lanosis, caulibus gracilibus

treedoe sepissime 2-3-floris, foliis 2-3 linearibus, perianthii parvi segmentis

anceolatis acutis subconformibus intus albidis basi luteis dorso viridulo et pur-

pureo tinctis, staminibus perianthio triplo brevioribus, filamentis basi pilosis,

antheris parvis, ovario cblongo-trigono, stigmatibus parvis.

T. biflora, Zinn. Suppl. p. 106; Pallas Iter App. no. 86, tab. D, fig. 3; Lindl.

Bot. Reg. t. 535; Regel in Act. Hort. Petrop. vol. ii. p. 444; Baker in

Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xiv. p. 292.

Orithyia biflora, Kunth Enum. vol. iv. p. 227. x

Tuxrra iliensis ; bulbo parvo ovoideo tunicis intus sursum parce setosis, caulibus

gracilibus unifloris sursum puberulis, foliis 3-4 linearibus viridibus glabris,

perianthii parvi citreni segmentis exterioribus oblongis subacutis interioribus

obovatis obtusis, staminibus perianthio subduplo brevioribus, filamentis glabris

antheris duplo longioribus, ovario oblongo-trigono, stigmatibus parvis.

T. iliensis, Regel in Act. Hort. Petrop. vol. vi. fasc. ii. p. 301; Gartenjl. tab. 976,

fig. c,d; tab. 982, fig. 4, 5,6; Deser. fase. vil. p. 220.

The two plants represented in this plate are amongst the

least showy species of the genus. 1’. biflora has been long

known, but is very seldom seen in cultivation. It is spread

from the Volga through the western half of Siberia. It is

notable in the genus for producing normally more than a

single flower. It has a woolly bulb, like montana, but

otherwise its affinity is with sylvestris and australis. The

drawing was made from a plant sent up by Mr. George

Maw from his garden at Broseley. :

T’. iliensis is one of the numerous new species that have

lately been discovered by the Russian explorers in Central

Asia. Its alliance is close with 7. triphylla, Bot. Mag.

OCTOBER Ist, 1880.

tab. 6549. In their flowers and leaves these two resemble

australis, but the stamens are like those of Gesneriane.

The drawing was made from a plant sent by Mr. F. W.

Burbidge, which flowered in the garden of Trinity College,

Dublin, last February.

Descr. T. pirtora. Bulb small, ovoid, the thin tunics

woolly inside. Stems under a foot long, slender, slightly

pilose, bearing usually two or three, rarely four or five

flowers. Leaves two or three, linear, reaching in cultivation

a length of six or nine inches. Perianth in cultivation

about an inch long, white inside, with a yellow throat,

tinted outside with green and purple; segments lanceolate,

acute, the two rows nearly alike in shape. Stamens about —

a third as long as the perianth; filaments with a tuft of

hairs at the base; anthers small, linear-oblong. Ovary

oblong-cylindrical ; stigmas small, sessile.

T. 11ensts. Bulb small, ovoid, the tunics furnished with

a few adpressed hairs on the inside towards the tip. Stem

slender, one-flowered, under a foot long, slightly downy

upwards. Leaves three or four to a stem, linear, acuminate,

green, glabrous, six to twelve inches long, under half an

inch broad. Perianth an inch long, lemon-yellow ; outer

segments oblong, subacute; inner obovate-cuneate obtuse.

Stamens about half as long as the perianth-segments ;

filaments linear, glabrous, orange-yellow, twice as long as

the anthers. Ovary oblong-trigonous, badly developed in

the specimen drawn ; stigmas small.—J. G. Baker.

ye , . . . . =

a, Fig. 1, Whole flower, in section, xatural size ; 2,a single stamen, magnified.

b, Fig. 1, whole flower, in section, natural size.

6519.

AB del J.NFitch Lith | Vincent Brooks Day&Son IP

L Reeve & C2 London.

Tas. 6519.

PRUNUS opivaricata.

Native of the Caucasus.

Nat. Ord. Rosacem.—Tribe PRUNER. ‘

Genus Prunus, Tourn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 609.)

Prunus divaricata; arbor parva, fere inermis, a basi ramosa, coma rotundata,

ramis valde elongatis divaricatis inferioribus horizontalibus fere prostratis,

ramulis glabris gracillimis, foliis planta florente elliptico-lanceolatis acuminatis

costa nervisque subtus tomentosis glabratisve demum late ovatis ovato-corda-

tisve acuminatis serrulatis glabris, gemmis floriferis 1-floris, pedunculis brevibus

glabris, floribus 4-poll. diam., petalis rotundatis v. obovatis concavis, ovariis 1-2,

drupa ellipsoidea v. globosa flava, putamine levi, ellipsoideo utrinque obtuso

compresso sed turgido,

P. divaricata, Ledeb. Ind. Sem. Hort. Dorpat. 1824, Suppl. p. 6; Fl. Alt. vol. ii.

p- 211, in nota ; Flor. Ross. vol. ii. p. 53 Ic. Fl. Ross. t. 13; DC. Prodr.

vol. ii. p. 534; C. Koch, Dendrolog. vol. i. p. 97; C. A. Meyer, Verz. Pf.

Caue. p. 165.

This has been for many years one of the most conspicuous

spring ornaments of the Royal Gardens, where it forms a

dwarf tree, standing to the west of the Cactus House, near

the fine specimen of Pinus Coulteri, and so covered with

white flowers in March or April (according to the season)

as to appear as if snowed over. The flowers appear with

_ the half-developed leaves, but have never been succeeded by

fruit. Whether this should be considered as anything

more than the wild form of the Myrobalan Plum, P. cerasi-

fera, Ehr. (see tab. 5934), has been doubted by the excellent

observer C. Koch, as I have stated under the latter plant ;

and, indeed, the characters whereby most of the native

plums are separated, are not of very much moment. With

regard to P. divaricata, however, its leaves, when full

grown, broadening at the base, and appearing with its

smaller flowers, and its fruit not being intruded at the

base, together with its remarkable habit, would appear to

constitute sufficiently marked diagnostic characters. The

petals which are almost orbicular in the Kew specimens are

more obovate in native ones from the Caucasus, collected

OCTOBER Ist, 1880.

by Hohenacker, and in others from the Copenhagen

Gardens.

Prunus divaricata was introduced into England in 1822,

according to Loudon, probably from the Dorpat Gardens,

when under the direction of its describer Ledebour, and is

a small tree ten to twelve feet high and broad, forming a

hemispherical mass on the ground with a singularly grace-

ful ramification; according to Boissier, it has a very wide

geographical range, from Macedonia to the Caucasus and

Northern Persia. The specimen at Kew was procured by

the late Curator, Mr. J. Smith, from Messrs. Osborne, of

Fulham, about thirty-eight years ago.

‘Desor. A small tree, ten to twelve feet high, branching

from the very base, the branches numerous, slender, wide-

spreading, the lower lying almost flat on the ground; the

whole forming a hemispherical or rounded mass ; branchlets

slender, glabrous. Leaves appearing with the flowers,

when young lanceolate, acuminate, serrate, pubescent in

the midrib and nerves beneath, when fully formed two by

one and a half inch long and broad, more ovate and often

subcordate at the base, finely serrate, and glabrous beneath ;

petiole slender, glabrous. lowers three-quarters of an

inch in diameter, solitary from the flowering buds, pe-

duncle short, glabrous. Calyx with ovate-lanceolate re-

curved lobes. Petals rounded, concave. Stamens white

with yellow anthers. Ovaries one or two. Fruit one inch

long, ellipsoid or globose, base not intruded, yellow; stone

(from native specimens) half an inch long, broadly ellipsoid,

-compressed but turgid, obtuse at both ends, subacute

along one margin, and with a sharp-edged groove along the

other; faces quite smooth.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower cut vertically ; 2, ditto w

3, stamens; 4, stigma :—all enlarged. ith petals removed, showing two ovaries ;

~ ;

LReeve & C° London

Tas. 6520.

ALOE GREENII.

Native probably of the Cape.

Nat. Ord. Lizracem.—Tribe ALOINER.

Genus Atoz, Linn. ; (Kunth Enum. vol. iv. p. 492.)

Aton Greenii; breviter caulescens, caule simplici, foliis 10-12 dense rosulatis

lanceolatis sesquipedalibus viridibus obscure verticaliter lineatis et maculis

copiosis oblongis albidis confluentibus irregulariter transversaliter seriatis

decoratis, pedunculo subpedali, panicule ramis strictis 5-7, racemis oblongis

‘vel demum cylindricis, pedicellis flore subtriplo brevioribus, bracteis lanceolatis

acuminatis pedicello subsequilongis, perianthi pallide rubri 15 lin. longi tubo

medio insigniter constricto, segmentis oblongis tubo 2-3-plo_brevioribus,

genitalibus demum perianthio subequilongis.

A. Greenii, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. ined.

This is a well-marked new species of Aloe of the group

Picte, which we have for some time cultivated at Kew.

‘All that I can make out for certain about its history is

that it was received under the name which I have adopted

from Mr. Wilson Saunders, and that this name was given

to it by Mr. T. Cooper, but that it is not one of the plants

which the latter collected in his travels in Cape Colony,

which yielded so many interesting discoveries in this set of

plants. In the Picte group of Aloes the present plant may

be readily distinguished by its elongated racemes and by

the strong construction of the perianth-tube at the middle.

Our plate was drawn from a specimen that flowered in the

Succulent House at Kew in October, 1879. 2

Descr. Well-grown plants furnished with a short simple

stem below the rosette of leaves. Leaves twelve or fifteen

in a dense rosette, lanceolate, fifteen to eighteen inches

long, three inches broad in the lower part, narrowed

eradually from two-thirds of the way down to a long point,

fiat in the lower half on the face to a late stage, a quarter

or a third of an inch thick in the centre, bright green, with

ocToBER Ist, 1880.

obscure vertical whitish lines and broad irregular trans-

verse bands of confluent oblong whitish spots, the crowded

deltoid-cuspidate ascending marginal prickles an eighth or

a sixth of an inch long, connected by a very narrow horny

line. Peduncle stiffly erect, about a foot long. Panicle

about as long as the peduncle, with five or seven branches ;

racemes oblong or finally oblong-cylindrical, four to nine

inches long, three inches m diameter when fully expanded ;

lower pedicels about half an inch long; bracts lanceolate

acuminate, as long as the pedicels. Perianth pale red, an

inch and a quarter long; tube globose at the base and

very much constricted at the middle; segments oblong, a

third or half as long as the tube. Longer stamens and

style finally as long as the perianth. Style twice as long as

the oblong ovary.—J. G. Baker.

A. Whole plant, much reduced. Fig. 1, a flower, cut open ; 2, stamens, showing

back and face; 3, pistil; 4, horizontal section of ovary :—all magnified.

MS del JN Rich Lith

Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp

T. Raton & (10 Te tos.

Tas. 6521.

STELIS Bricxmiiert.

Native of the Andes.

Nat. Ord. OncHIDEZ.—Tribe PLEUROTHALLEZ.

Genus Srezis, Swartz ; (Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orchid. p. 11.)

Sreis Briickmiilleri; cespitosa, glaberrima, folio elliptice-lanceolato in petiolum

angustato apice 2-fido convexo medio profunde canaliculato, racemo solitario

filiforme folio duplo longiore erecto multifloro, floribus numerosis dissitis

undique spectantibus, bracteis infundibularibus ore valde obliquo infimis

— vacuis, perianthio }-poll. diam., sepalis equalibus late ovatis subacutis

asi connatis pallide purpureis intus longe sparse pilosis, petalis dolabriformibus,

labio parvo peltatim stipitato stipite geniculato, lamina ovato-oblonga obtusa

basi truncata medio longitudinaliter alata, columna apice utrinque late auriculata

auriculis patentibus obovato-rotundatis.

8. Briickmiilleri, Reichd. f. in Hort. Veitch.

‘This singular little orchid resembles the green-flowered

Stelis oppioglossoides of Swartz, a West Indian plant,

figured in the Botanical Register (tab. 935), but has smaller

leaves and flowers, and the latter are of a purple colour

and hairy inside; the bracts too are different, those of the

species here figured resembling funnel-shaped cups with

very oblique mouths. Like all the other species of the

genus, it is of botanical interest rather than horticultural.

The specimen here figured flowered in the Royal Gardens

in December of last year from plants presented by Messrs.

Veitch, of the Royal Exotic Nurseries, Chelsea, and was

named as above by Professor Reichenbach, but I do not

find it described anywhere. It is probably a native of the

Mexican Andes. :

Descr. Tufted. Leaves one and a half to two inches

long, exclusive of the petiole, which is as long, one-half.

to two-thirds of an inch broad, elliptic-lanceolate, rather

narrower at the base than at the bifid tip, convex above

ocTOBER Ist, 1880.

with a deep median groove, very coriaceous, bright green ;

petiole enclosed for half its length in a membranous brown

ribbed sheath’ with a truncate mouth. acemes very

shortly peduncled, solitary from each leaf-sheath, two or

three times as long as the leaf, erect, very slender, clothed

at intervals with bracts from near the base to the summit ;

bracts one-tenth of an inch long, between cup- and funnel-

‘shaped, with a very oblique mouth, lowest smaller and

narrower without flowers, uppermost with an acute lip.

Flowers at intervals of one-sixth of an inch along the

rachis, about one-sixth of an inch in diameter, inserted all

round the rachis. Perianth subcampanulate, trigonous in

bud, yellowish purple without, pale purple within. Sepals

broadly ovate, acute, united at the base, three-nerved ; —

clothed with long flexuous spreading hairs within. Petals

very minute, axe-shaped with an incurved edge. Lip

minute, peltately attached to a curved stipes, undivided,

cordate-oblong, obtuse, with a longitudinally rather

thickened disk. Colwmn with a large spreading auricle on

each side at the top.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Side view of flower; 2, front view of the same with the sepals removed,

showing the two petals, lip, and spreading auricles of the column ; 3, sepal; 4, petal;

5, lip; 6, side view of column and lip; 7, external, and, 8, internal view of anther-

case ; 9, pollen :—all greatly enlarged. :

AB. del. IN Fitch Lath

gon al “incent Brooks Day & Son Imp

LReeve &C°London

Tas. 6522.

LATHYRUS ROTUNDIFOLIUS.

Native of South Russia and Asia Minor.

Nat. Ord. Lasvitiwownas-clie VICIER.

Genus Laruyrvus, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 526.)

Latuyrvs rotundifolius ; glaberrimus, caule elato late alato ramoso, foliis 1-jugis,

~ foliolis elliptico- v. obovato-rotundatis 3-5-nerviis obtusis subacutisve apiculatis,

stipulis semisagittatis oblongis lanceolatisve acutis petiolum vix equantibus,

pedunculis folio sublongioribus, racemis 6-7-floris, calycis lobis triangularibus

acutis tubo brevioribus, corolla rosea, legumine longe lineari subincurvo paulo

compresso basi subattenuato dorso carinato, seminibus oblongis reticulatis.

L. rotundifolius, Willd. Sp. Pl. vol. iii. p. 1088; Bieberst. Fl. Taur. Cauce. vol. ii.

p. 156*; Cent. Plant. Rar. Ross. vol. i. t. 22; DC. Prodr. vol. ii. p. 370;

Boiss. Fl. Orient. vol. ii. p. 612.

L. miniatus, Stev. Verz. Taur. p. 140.

L. peduncularis, Poir. Encycl. Suppl. vol. ii. p. 775.

This very beautiful plant has been long cultivated in

England, though when and how introduced is not certain.

It is not described in Aiton’s Hortus Kewensis, nor, up to

this time, cultivated at Kew; it is not included in Mamaout

and Decaisne’s ‘‘Flore Elementaire des Jardins et des

Champs,” which is the fullest work of the kind known to

me, nor do I find it in the more accessible works devoted

to English out-of-door gardening ; yet I observed it last

summer growing in the gardener’s cottage at Lytchett, and

it probably occurs elsewhere, though overlooked as too like

an Everlasting Pea to be worth notice. Nevertheless it is

one of the most charming plants of its kind, perfectly

hardy, a free flowerer, and for the brilliancy and delicacy

of its rose-coloured flowers, it ought to be a favourite.

Like its near ally, the Everlasting Pea, it is scentless.

A variety of this plant, L. rotundifolius, var. ellipticus, which

is figured in the Botanical Register, tab. 333, 18 a very

inferior plant, with much smaller and darker-coloured, more

OCTOBER Ist, 1880.

SS,

purple flowers; it appears to have been cultivated in the

Birmingham Botanic Gardens in 1836. 2

L. rotundifolius has a wide range; we have examined

specimens in the Herbarium from Roumelia, the Crimea,

Asia Minor, and the Caucasus, and according to Boissier it

extends eastwards to Northern Persia. I am indebted to

Mr. Corderoy, of Blewbury, near Didcot, a valued corre-

spondent and cultivator of succulent plants, for the specimen

here figured, which flowered in his garden in June of the

present year.

Desor. A perfectly glabrous climbing Everlasting Pea;

branches broadly winged. Leaves with a short petiole,

one pair of leaflets, and a filiform branched tendril ; leaflets

two to two and a half inches long, orbicular or broadly-

elliptical or subovate, obtuse with a short apiculus, pale

green, three- to five-nerved; petiole shorter than the leaflets,

winged ; stipules large, hastate with acute tips and basal

_ lobes. _Racemes on a slender peduncle equalling the leaves,

' many-flowered ; bracts minute. Flowers three-quarters to

one inch in diameter, bright rose-pink. Calyx with tri-

angular acute lobes. Standard orbicular, rather contracted

towards the claw, bifid; wings small, obtuse. Pod elon-

gate, linear, turgid, somewhat compressed, keeled at the

back. Seeds oblong, reticulated.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Section of calyx, staminal tube and ovary ; 2,standard ; 3, wings; 4, keel

5, stamens ; 6, ovary; 7,stigma:—all but fig. 5 of the natural size.

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp

M.S.del J.N-Fitch Lith

L. Reeve & C° London

Tas. 6523.

DRACONTIUM Carpert.

Native of the United States of Columbia.

Nat. Ord. AnorprEm—Tribe Lasro1pER,.

Genus Dracontivm, Linn. ; (Engler in A. DO. Monog. Phanerog. vol. ii. p. 282.)

Dracontium Carderi; petiolo gracili levi glaberrimo marmorato, lamina viridi

3-partita segmento medio 2-fido lateralibus indivisis v. 2-fidis, omnibus pallide

viridibus infra medium pinnati-partitis supra medium _pinnatifidis, pinnis

lobisque membranaceis multinerviis circumscriptione valde irregularibus aliis

elliptico-ovatis oblongisve acutis equi- v. inequilateris, aliis majoribus irregu-

lariter lobulatis v. rarius pertusis, pedunculo gracili stricto folio duplo longiore

levi glaberrimo, spatha pedali lanceolata acuminata extus luride viridi costis

fusco-rubris, intus rubro-purpurea, spadice 14-pollicari breviter crasse stipitato

cylindraceo obtuso violaceo, perianthii foliolis 5 spathulatis apice incrassatis

fornicatis cucullatis, staminibus ad 8, ovario 3-loculari loculis 1-ovulatis in stigma

equilongum robustum attenuato, stigmate punctiforme, ovulis basilaribus erectis.

The genus Dracontium, as restricted by Engler in his recent

monograph of the Aroidee, includes the wonderful Godwinia

Gigas (tab. nostr. 6048), of Nicaragua, and consists of

this and two other species, natives of N. Brazil and Guiana ;

to these must be added the subject of the present plate,

which extends the geographical range of the genus to the

United States of Columbia, and which differs from its con-

geners in the smooth petiole and very long peduncle. A sup-

posed fifth species has been fully and carefully described and

figured by Dr. Masters in the Gardeners’ Chronicle for 1870

(p. 344, tab. 58) as D. elatum, which differs from Engler’s

generic character in the ovules being attached to the

middle of the septum of the ovary, a character by which

Schott separated Ophione from Wracontiwm, very unna-

: _turally as it appears tome. This D. elatwm is taken up in

the index of Engler’s monograph, where the name is

printed in italic type, indicating its being a synonym; but

the reference to a page is omitted, and I have failed to

to trace it anywhere in the body of the work. Mr. Baker,

NOVEMBER Ist, 1880.

in a note in Saunders’ Refugium (vol. iv. tab. 282),

suggests that it is only D. asperwm, and that the locality

of Sierra Leone is an error.

I am indebted to Mr. Bull, F.L.S., for the means

of figuring this interesting plant, and take the present

opportunity of recording my sense of the signal service

which this ardent. horticulturist has rendered to botanical

science, by the introduction and cultivation of so many fine

plants of this family; plants which cannot be satisfactorily

investigated except in a living state, and which, from their

brief duration, lurid colours, and often foetid odour, offer

no attraction to the lovers of other than rare and curious

plants. D. Carderi was discovered by the traveller whose

name it bears, and was imported by Mr. Bull, who flowered

it at his establishment in Chelsea in April, 1879.

Desor. Petiole two to three feet high, slender, terete,

mottled with bands of dirty green; lamina two feet in

diameter, three-sect to the base; divisions horizontal and

drooping at the ends, undivided or forked at or below the

middle, pinnatisect below the middle, pinnatifid beyond it;

pinnules or lobes very unequal, the lower contracted or not

at the base, oblong or obovate, acute or acuminate, some

two to three inches long and undivided, others six to eight

inches and lobed or split, or perforated, all pale green,

membranous, with many arching nerves. Peduncle twice

as long as the petiole, as slender and similarly coloured. |

Spathe a foot long, lanceolate, acuminate, dirty green

outside with reddish brown raised nerves, dark purple

inside, Spadix one and a half inch long, on a very short

stout stipes, cylindric, obtuse, violet blue; flowers (unex-

panded) about one-sixteenth of an inch in diameter;

perianth-segments five, spathulate, with incurved cucullate

tips; stamens about eight; ovary three-celled, contracted

into a stout columnar style with a very small three-lobed

terminal stigma.—J. D. H. 7

Fig. 1, Whole plant, greatly reduced ; 2, spadix, of the natural size ; 3, wnex-

panded flower; 4 and 5, perianth-segments ; 6, anthers (immature); 7, section of —

ovary; 8, ovule :—all enlarged. —

6524

Vincent Brooks Day &Son imp

Reeve & C°Londor

Tas. 6524.

HIBISCUS SCHIZOPETALUS.

Native of Eastern Tropical Africa.

Nat. Ord. MatvacEem.—Tribe H1Biscex.

Genus Hiziscus, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 207.)

Hrstscus schizopetalus ; glaber, fruticosus, foliis petiolatis ovatis ellipticisve acutis

grosse serratis basin versus integerrimis 3-nerviis, floribus solitariis longe

pedunculatis pendulis pedunculo medio articulato, involucello0 v. minimo, calyce

cylindraceo spathaceo apice obtuse 3-lobo demum fisso, petalis amplis longe

unguiculatis flabellatim multifidis lobis linearibus obtusis, tubo stamineo lon-

gissimo pendulo, antheris sparsis longe stipitatis, styli ramis 5 filiformibus ascen-

dentibus, stigmatibus globosis, capsula basi calyce spathaceo inclusa oblongo-

cylindracea obtusa obscure 5-loba torulosa, seminibus brunneis glabris.

H. Rosa Sinensis var. schizopetalus, Masters in Gard. Chron. 1879, p. 288 ;

Boulger, l. ce. p. 372.

Hisiscus sp. Kirk and Oliver in Journ Linn. Soe. vol. xv. p. 478.

This singular and beautiful plant has attracted much

attention, on account both of its horticultural and botanical

interest ; differing as it does from all other species in the

remarkable character of its petals, and yet presenting so

many points of resemblance to a world-wide garden

favourite whose native country is unknown (the H. fiosa

Sinensis), as to have suggested its specific identity with

that plant. The differences, however, between this and

H. Rosa Sinensis are a great deal too many and too impor-

tant to render the idea of this being a sport or variety

of that plant tenable. They are, firstly, the petals, which,

however, might have originated as a sport; then the

pendulous flower, the suppression of the epicalyx, the

longer tubular calyx with obtuse lobes; above all, the

long fruit with small smooth seeds. I have examined

specimens of H. Rosa Sinensis from thirty different localities,

and found none approaching BR. schizopetalus in any of the

above characters. Too much importance should not be

attributed to the supposition that the native country of

NOVEMBER Ist, 1880.

23:

H. Rosa Sinensis is not well known; Loureireiro states

that it is indigenous in both China and Cochinchina, and it

has certainly been for long cultivated in China, and it

occurs in so many of the Pacific Islands as to render it

very probable that it is a native of the Pacific ; on the other

hand, its two nearest allies, the present plant and H.

liliiflorus, being natives, the one of Hast Africa, and the

other of the Mascarene Islands, suggests the probability of

Africa being the parent country of H. Rosa Sinensis.

For the discovery of this fine plant we are indebted to

our indefatigable correspondent, Dr. Kirk, H.B.M. Consul

at Zanzibar, who found it first in 1874 on the coast hills

at Mombasa, in lat. 4° 8.; in 1877 at Kilwa, in 7° 40’S.;

and, lastly, at Lindi, in 10°S. It grows both in dry rocky

slopes and in damp mountain glens, in dense shade,

amongst Bignonias, Balsams, and Ferns.

The specimen here figured was raised from seed gent by

Dr. Kirk, which has been flowering in the Stove-house from

the month of June till now, late in October.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Section of base of flower through the ovary ; 2 and 3, anthers and portion

of filaments; 4, ovary and rudiments of epicalyx ; 5, top of staminal column and —

stigmas ; 6, transverse section of ovary :—adl enlarge

Cor

Wid

L. Reeve &

Ate G525,

CRINUM PURPURASCENS.

Native of West Tropical Africa.

Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDACEX.—Tribe AMARYLLIDEX.

Genus Crinum, Linn, ; (Kunth Enum. vol, v. p. 547.)

CrRInuM purpurascens ; bulbo parvo ovoideo brevicollo copiose stolonifero, foliis

multis loratis patulis angustis undulatis 14-2-pedalibus, scapo gracili foliis

duplo breviori, umbellis sessilibus 6-10-floris, spathe valvis deltoideis, floribus

erectis albis extus purpurascentibus, tubo gracili 5-6-pollicari, segmentis

oblanceolatis acutis recurvatis tubo duplo brevioribus, filamentis arcuatis

saturate rubellis limbo distincte brevioribus, stylo filamentos superante stigmate

minuto capitato.

C. purpurascens, Herb. Amaryll. p. 250; Roem. Amaryjll. p.72; Kunth Enum,

vol. v. p. 554,

This is a very distinct Crinum of the star-flowered set

from West Tropical Africa, remarkable for its dwarf slender

habit and very numerous spreading narrow undulated

leaves. Its alliance is with the Himalayan C. amenum and

pratense, and the New World C. americanum and erubescens.

It was introduced in the time of Dean Herbert, and is

carefully described in his classical work on the Amarylli-

dace, but has never been previously figured. Our drawing

was made from a plant that flowered at Kew in June, 1879,

the bulb of which was sent by the Rev. H. Goldie, and we

have since had it from Messrs. Veitch, from bulbs brought

home by Mr. Kalbreyer. It grows at a low level by the

side of streams about Fernando Po and in Old Calabar,

and, of course, requires stove-heat for its successful

cultivation. —

Descr. Bulb ovoid, about two inches in diameter, with a

short neck, and copious stolons. Leaves twenty or thirty,

_ ecotemporary with the flowers, spreading, lorate, one and a

half or two feet long at the flowering-time, an inch broad,

NOVEMBER Ist, 1880.

thin in texture, dark green, much undulated towards the

edges. Scape slender, subterete, tinted with purple, under

a foot long, produced from the axis of one of the outer

leaves of the rosette. Umbel sessile, six- to ten-flowered ;

spathe-valves small, deltoid. Flowers rotate, faintly

scented, white, tinted on the outside with purple, erect in

bud. Perianth tube slender, five or six inches long; limb

about half as long as the tube, the oblanceolate acute

recurving segments a third or half an inch broad three-

quarters of the way up. Stamens arcuate, distinctly shorter

than the perianth-limb; filaments bright red; anthers

linear, half an inch long. Style overtopping the stamens,

bright red; stigma minute, capitate-—J. G. Baker.

6526

LReeve & C° London

Tas. 6526.

SCABIOSA prerocupnata.

Native of Greece.

Nat. Ord. Drpsacez.

Genus Scagrosa, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 159.)

ScaBiosa pterocephala; dense late cespitosa, sericeo-tomentosa, basi suffruticosa, .

ramis procumbentibus novellis foliosis, foliis confertis ovato-oblongis in petiolum

angustatis v. lyrato-pinnatifidis grosse crenato-serratis, lobis lateralibus brevibus:

dentatis crenatisve, pedunculis breviusculis, capitulis depressis, involucri bracteis

pluriseriatis lanceolatis floribus brevioribus v. equantibus, floribus radiantibus

carneo-purpureis, involucello cylindraceo hirsuto obsolete coronulato, corona in

aristas breves v. elongatas abeunte, calycis aristis 15-16 involucro multoties

longioribus.

S. pterocephala, Linn, Sp. Pl. 146; Sibth. Fl. Grec, t. 113.

PrerocerHatvs Parnassi, Spreng. Syst. Veg. vol. i. p. 384; Boiss. Fl. Orient.

vol. iii. p. 148.

P. perennis, Vaill. in Act, Paris, 1722, p. 384.

P. bellidifolia, Boiss. Diagn. ser. 1, vol. ii. p. 109 (forma depauperata).

A densely-tufted perennial, forming large low cushions, |

perfectly hardy, and, when in flower, very ornamental. It

has been long cultivated in Kew, in the open border of the

herbaceous ground, but I am not aware how or whence it.

was procured. It is a native of the mountains of Greece,

growing in dry rocky places at elevations of 3000 to 6000

feet, and extends from the Ionian Islands (Mount Nero in

Cephalonia) to Mount Athos in Macedonia, and Parnassus

in Attica. At Kew it flowers in July and August.

Descr. Stems and branches woody, tortuous, procumbent,

sending up very numerous short leafing shoots, the whole

forming dense patches two to three feet in diameter ; whole

plants densely hoary-pubescent. Leaves one to one and a

half inches long, narrowed into a stout petiole, blade simple

ovate obtuse and deeply crenate-toothed or lyrate-pinnatifid

NOVEMBER Ist, 1880.

with the terminal lobe ovate obovate or rounded and

crenate-toothed, the lateral lobes few short obtuse and

lobulate. Peduncle terminal, stout, solitary, erect, naked,

tomentose, shorter or longer than the leaves, rarely exceeding

_ three inches long. Heads depressed-hemispherical, one and

a half inches in diameter ; involucral-bracts rarely as long

as the flowers, lanceolate or elliptic-ovate, subacute. Flowers

very many, one-third of an inch long, those of the ray

horizontal, limb oblique two-lipped, those of the disk erect,

regular, with a slender tube and campanulate five-fid limb ;

involucel cylindric, truncate, with plumose long or short

awns. Calycine awns 15-16, much longer than the invo-

lucel, plumose. Corolla of the ray nearly half an inch long,

tube pubescent, upper lip two-lobed, lobes short rounded

lobulate ; lower lip three-lobed, lobes ovate obtuse ; corolla

of the disk-flowers shorter, tube equalling the campanulate

four-lobed limb. Stamens with filaments twice as long as

the corolla-lobes.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower of disk ; 2, flower of ray; 3, awn of calyx; 4, anther; 5, stigma:

—all enlarged.

6527.

Serenata neste

ting a aieon as cats

wegen mene a

een

-aerDenesateeae, Wea riod WO NN FRAUD

s Day &Son imp

rooxwK

Vincent B

Reeve & C@&Tanden

Tas. 6527,

CALOCHORTUS PULOBELLUE,

Native of California.

Nat. Ord. Littacka.—Tribe Tureen.

Genus Carocuortus, Pursh ; (Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xiv. p. 302.)

CaLocHortvs (Macrodenus) pulchellus ; bulbo ovoideo, foliis basalibus 1-2 lineari-

bus vel lanceolatis firmis glabris, caule subpedali superne ramoso, floribus 6-12

pendulis laxe corymbosis, perianthii globosi lutei segmentis exterioribus oblongis

acutis glabris, interioribus orbiculatis facie et margine pilosis conspicue foveo-

latis, staminibus perianthio duplo brevioribus antheris oblongis, capsulis

oblongis profunde trilobatis angulis dorso alatis.

C, pulchellus, Dougl. MSS.; Wood in Proc. Acad. Phil. 1868, p. 168; Baker

in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xiv. p. 303; S. Wats. in Proc. Amer. Acad.

vol. xiv. p. 262,

Cyclobothra pulchella, Benth. in Trans. Hort. Soc. n. s. vol. i. p. 415, tab. 14, fig. 1;

Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1662; Kunth Enum. vol. iv. p. 228; Regel Garten-

Jlora, tab. 802.

The Calochorti, of which between twenty and thirty

species are now known, belong exclusively to California,

British Columbia, the Rocky Mountains, and Mexico, and

one and all seem to require greater heat than an English

summer gives them to mature their bulbs properly. The

present species and C. albus are well marked from all the

others by their more robust habit and numerous large

drooping globose flowers, which never expand fully and are

much less fugitive than in the more brilliantly-coloured

C. venustus and its neighbours. Calochortus and Cyelo-

bothra slide into one another so gradually that it is not

worth keeping them up as distinct genera. _

The present plant was one of those introduced by

Douglas about 1830, when travelling for the Royal Horti-

cultural Society, and was originally described and figured

by Mr. Bentham half a century ago. Our drawing was

made from a specimen that flowered at Kew in the summer

of 1879.

NOVEMBER Ist, 1880.

Descr. Bulb long, narrow, ovoid, with loose vertically

striated firm brown outer tunics. Basal leaves one or two,

linear or lanceolate, about a foot long, under an inch broad,

firm in texture, glabrous, narrowed from the middle to

the base and an acute point. Stem erect, a foot or more

long, branched in the upper half, each fork subtended

by one or more reduced leaves. lowers six to twelve

_ to a stem, bright yellow, drooping, on peduncles two or

three times as long as themselves. Perianth globose, about

an inch in length and diameter; outer segments rather

more membranous in texture than the inner, tinted with

green in the bud, oblong, acute, glabrous; three inner

segments orbicular, more or less pilose on the face, minutely

ciliated round the margin, furnished above the naked claw

with a large saccate foveole, with a ridge of bristly hairs

incurved over it from above. Stamens half as long as the

perianth-seements; anthers oblong, pale yellow, obtuse or

minutely apiculate, rather shorter than their flattened fila-

ments. Ovary oblong, triquetrous; stigmas three, falcate,

linear, sessile, deeply channelled down the face. Capsule

oblong, an inch long, deeply three-lobed, its cells promi-

nently winged on the back.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, Inner segment of perianth, xatwral size ; 2, margin of inner segment of

perianth ; 3, a stamen; 4, the pistil; 5, horizontal section of ovary :—all more or

less magnified.

6528.

Vincent Brooks Day &Son Imp

A.B del, J.N Fitch Lith.

L.Resve & C2 London.

Tas. 6528.

ARCTOTIS aspera, var. arborescens.

Native of South Africa.

Nat. Ord. Composttm.—Tribe ARCTOTIDEX.

Genus Arcrorts, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 458.)

Arcrotis (Euarctotis) aspera ; suffruticosa, ramosa, hispido-pilosa, ramis validis

sulcatis ascendentibus, foli's oblongis lineari-oblongisve pinnatifidis inferioribus

petiolatis superioribus sessilibus auriculato-semi-amplexicaulibus, costa crassa,

segmentis lato-ovatis oblongisve basi lata decurrentibus grosse irregalariter

acute dentatis undulatisque supra hispidis glabratisve subtus plus minusve

cano-tomentosis, capitulis magnis, involucri late hemispherici squamis exteri-

oribus ovatis herbaceis hispidis, intimis panduratis truncatis coriaceis, ligulis

pollicaribus obtusis, acheniis basi sericeis, pappi squamis interioribus oblongis

cuneatisve apice rotundatis v. 2-3-fidis.

A. aspera, Linn. Sp. Pl. 13807; DC. Prodr. vol. vi. p. 488 ; Harv. et Sond. F7.

Cap. vol. iii. p. 453.

‘Var. arporescens, DC. 1. ¢, 488; ramis foliisque subtus tomentosis, pedunculis

nigro-pilosis, ligulis extus roseis intus niveis basi aurantiacis.—A. arborescens

Jacq. Hort. Schenb. vol. ii. tab. 171.

The genus Arctotis is little known to horticulturists,

although one species, the present, of the thirty described,

has long been known in botanic gardens, and no less than

thirteen are figured in Jacquin’s “ Hortus Schoenbrunensis,”

from specimens that flowered in the Imperial Botanic

Garden of Vienna during the last century. Sixteen (ex-

clusive of one referred to Venidiwm) are enumerated in

the “ Hortus Kewensis” as being in cultivation in 1813,

and there are five others enumerated as species in that

work which are now regarded as varieties. The present is

one of the most beautiful of the genus; it was cultivated

in England before 1710, and in Holland much earlier, for it is

described in Johan Commelyn’s “ Hortus Medicus Amstelo-

damensis,” published in 1697, as “ Anemolospermos

Africana, foliis Cardui Benedicti, florum radiis intus sul-

phureis.” |

According to De Candolle 4A. aspera 18 a very variable

DECEMBER 18F, 1880. :

plant, of which he enumerates five varieties, the last being

the subject of the present plate, distinguished by the white

under-surface of the leaf, and colours of the ligules. This

variety is omitted in Harvey and Sonder’s ‘“ Flora Capensis,”

as is all notice of Jacquin’s beautiful figure, although the

arborescens of Willdenow, another variety (var. scabra of

Berg, A. maculata, Jacq. 1. c. t. 379) which must not be

confounded with it, is there taken up.

I am indebted to Mr. Lynch, Curator of the Cambridge

University Botanical Gardens, for the specimen of this

beautiful and interesting plant, which he informs me was

formerly grown at Cambridge under the name of A. alba

(an unpublished one). Mr. Lynch adds that it has made

a most attractive bed during the past summer, its flowers

having been very profuse and charming in colour.

Drscr, An undershrub, one to three feet high, with

stout grooved hispid ascending branches. Leaves five to

eight inches long, pinnatifid; radical petioled; cauline

sessile with broad auricled semi-amplexicaul bases, a very

stout grooved midrib and nerves beneath; segments ovate

or ovate-oblong, acute, decurrent, lobulate and coarsely

toothed with waved edges, dark green above and hispid or

glabrate, tomentose or cottony beneath. Heads two and

a half inches in diameter, on stout peduncles clothed with

blackish hairs. Involucre broadly campanulate; outer

bracts ovate, subacute, herbaceous; inner much longer,

panduriform, truncate, very coriaceous. Ligules about

twenty, quite horizontal, obtuse, one to one and a half

inches long, bright red outside, white within, but orange

towards the base. Disk-flowers brownish. Achenes silky at

the base; inner scales of pappus cuneate-oblong, obtusely

lobed or entire at the tip.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Ray-floret; 2, disk-floret; 3, ditto, laid open; 4, ditto, unopened ;

5, inner pappus-scales ; 6, stigma of ray-florets ; 7, stigma of disk-florets ; 8, recep-

tacle; 9, inner bract of ditto ; 10, flower-bud :—adZ but Jigs. 8 to 10 enlarged.

6529

WAN Daa ps aa

AB.del JN. Pitch, Lith.

iy Pe

Vincent Brooks Day & Son frm

Reeve & C2 London.

Tap. 6529.

DISA mucaceras.

Native of South Africa.

Nat. Ord. Oncu1pEx.--Tribe OpHRyYDE®.

Genus Disa, Berg; (Endl. Gen. Pl. p. 211.)

Disa (Repandra) megaceras ; elata, robusta, caule folioso, foliis lanceolatis acumi-

natis, spica multiflora, bracteis lanceolatis longe acuminatis floris brevioribus

v. longioribus, floribus magnis albis purpureo maculatis, galea postica conica in

cornu pollicari recto v. lente curvo tenui producta, sepalis decurvis oblongo-

lanceolatis apiculatis, petalis late oblique ovatis recurvis acutis, labello anguste

lingulato glabro apice acuto recurvo v. revoluto, anthera supina loculis

elongatis fere rectis.

-D. macrantha, Hort.

It is not without great consideration that I have been com-

pelled to give a new name to the little-known Disa macrantha

of the gardens, nor would I have done so were I not well

assured that the true D. macrantha is a very different plant,

coming indeed from a very different part of the South

African continent from that inhabited by the present

species. It is true that of D. macrantha very little is cer-

tainly known; it is a species of Thunberg’s, described in

his “Flora Capensis ” (p. 33) as having the spur conical,

shorter than the hood, the petals small, hidden under the

hood, rounded at the base, faleately recurved in the middle,

angled posteriorly, dilated retuse and crenulate at the end,

the lip oblong acute keeled suberect, and the anther &e.

as in J. cornuta, than which the flowers are rather larger.—

Now if the figure of the plant here given is compared with

this description, and with the plate of D. cornuta in

this work (t. 4091), it will be seen that in all those points

in which D. macrantha differs from D. megaceras, it agrees

with D. cornuta, notably in the short spur, in the small

petals falcately recurved, dilated at the apex, and hidden

under the hood; in the oblong lip and very small broad

anther: to which must be added that D. macrantha is a

western plant of the Cape district itself, whereas 1). meyaceras

is an eastern one, of which there are in the Kew Herbaria

DECEMBER Ist, 1880.

specimens from Kalberg on the Eastern frontier (from Mr.

Henry Ilutton), from Natal (Mrs. Fannier), Somerset,

Kaffraria (Mr. Cooper), and from the top of Bosch berg,

alt. 4500 feet (Mr. MacOwan.)

As to Disa macrantha of Thunberg, it is clearly a species

very near to D. cornuta, if not a variety of that plant ; there

are numerous specimens thus named in the Kew Herbaria,

amongst them one from the sands about Salt river, near

Capetown, collected by Dr. Harvey, who has appended to

it a ticket with “ D. macrantha of Thunberg. Differs from

D. cornuta merely in its labellum. I consider it only a

variety, yet its habit is different.” Whatever the difference

‘of habit is, it is lost in the drying; for the specimen is in

this state undistinguishable from D. cornuta, and, like it,

has flowers not half the size of those of D. megaceras, with

minute included petals.

Iam indebted to Mr. Elwes for the fine flowering speci-

men of M. megaceras here figured, which flowered with him

to August of the present year.

Descr. Stem one to two feet high, often as thick as the

thumb, robust, leafy. Leaves six to eight inches long,

lanceolate, long-acuminate, concave. Spike dense or lax,

six to twelve inches:long, few- or many-flowered; bracts

leaf-hke, usually much exceeding the flowers. lowers very

large, one and a half to one and three-quarters of an inch

broad from the tip of the hood to that of the lip, and three

inches from the tip of the hood to that of the spur, white

blotched inside with pale purple. Upper sepal (hood)

conical, with an oblique mouth, acute above, slightly curved,

undulate, ending in a greenish straight slender spur as long

as itself; lateral sepals decurved, oblong-lanceolate, with a

short recurved spur behind the tip. Petals broadly obovate,

nearly as wide as the hood is broad, the dilated acute end

exserted and recurved. Lip two-thirds of an inch long,

narrowly tongue-shaped, with a revolute tip, glabrous,

smooth. Anther reflexed, one-third of an inch long ; cells

contiguous, parallel, very narrow, tip obtuse. Stigma very

oe des sala Ovary one and a half inches long.—

Fig. 1, Top of ovary, lip, sti Sls a : : ee

ae alt at seed. p, stigma, and an her ; 2, column seen in front; 3, pollen

LQ Loe

005¢

M.S. del, JN Fitch Lith Vincent Brooks Day &.Son imp

T, Reeve & C® London

Tas. 6530.

ERIGHRON MULTIRADIATUS.

Native of the Himalaya Mountains.

Nat. Ord. Composirz.—Tribe AsTEROIDER.

Genus Ericeron, Linn; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 279.)

ErtaEron (Phenactis) mulétiradiatus; pubescens v. hirsutus, caule simplici v.

* parce ramoso gracili v. robusto szepius monocephalo, foliis radicalibus nullis v.

longe petiolatis elliptico-lanceolatis v. oblanceolatis obtusis acutisve in petiolum

decurrentibus integris v. paucidentatis, caulinis brevibus patentibus basi lata

amplexicauli sessilibus ovato-lanceolatis acutis v. acuminatis, capitulis magnis

2-25 poll. diam., involucri late campanulati bracteis lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis

pubescentibus et ciliatis, floribus glabris, ligulis numerosissimis 2-3 serialibus

involucro duplo longioribus angustis purpureis, acheniis oblongis subsericeis,

p2ppi setis paucis scabridis externis brevissimis,

E. multiradiatus, Benth. in Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 280 (sub Sect. Phenactis); Clarke

Compos. Ind. 56. :

Aster multiradiatus, Wall. Cat. 2969.

A. innloides, Don Prodr. Fl. Nip. p. 178.

Diplopappus Roylei, DC. Prodr. vol. v. p. 276?

- Stenactis multiradiatus, Lindl. in DC. Prodr. vol. v. p. 299.

One of the most beautiful of the alpine Himalayan Com-

positee, but very variable and difficult to distinguish from

form of neighbouring species, especially of HM. alpinus, to

which small states of it approach very closely. HH. multi-

radiatus is, however, in its normal state a much larger and

handsomer plant, with the heads usually at least two inches

in diameter, and of a fine bright purple colour. In rich

moist soil old plants grow two feet high and branch very

considerably, and the radical leaves disappear early, giving

the plant a very different appearance from that of its younger

state, in which the habit is scapigerous, and the radical

leaves copious. .

H. multiradiatus is a native of grassy wet pastures along

thewhole length of the Himalayan range, from Kashmir, where

it inhabits elevations of 7000 to 9000 feet, to Sikkim, where

DECEMBER Isr, 1880.

it ascends to 12,000 feet. The .specimens drawn were

raised from Sikkim seed communicated by Dr. King, of the

Calcutta Botanical Gardens, and flowered at Kew in June

of the present year.

Descr. A pubescent or hirsute herb, in a small state

either six to ten inches high, with simple scape-like leafy

stems, and numerous radical leaves; or tall, often two feet

high, with no radical leaves and a branched leafy stem.

Leaves, radical when present usually four to eight inches

long, oblanceolate, narrowed into a rather long petiole,

distantly toothed, three- to five-nerved; cauline ovate-

lanceolate from a broad sessile and often subauricled or

semi-amplexicaul base, acuminate, erect or recurved. Heads

solitary on the ends of long peduncles, two to two anda

half inches in diameter, very bright purple, disk yellow.

Involucre broadly hemispherical; bracts slender, pubescent

or tomentose, ciliate. Ligules three-fourths to one inch

long, in two or three series, very slender, tube glabrous.

Disk-flower glabrous. Achenes small, flattened, slightly

silky; pappus scanty, hairs scabrid, with an obscure ring

of small outer ones.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Ray-flower; 2, its style-arms ; 3, disk-flower ; 4, hair of pappus; 5, style-

arms of disk-flower; 6, involucre cut open showing the receptacle :—all but fig. 1

enlarged,

pon Limp

Jay & Son 1

Vincent Broo

po OES

( eo eae ae. ee

TAB. 6531 ;

WORMIA BureipgeEt.

Native of Borneo.

Nat. Ord. Dintentacem.—Tribe DILLENIER.

Genus Wormia, Rotth.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. i. p. 13.)

Wormia Burbidgei ; frutex, foliis late ellipticis in petiolum compresso-alatum

amplexicaulem decurrentibus oblongis obtusis integerrimis v. subsinuatis

crasse coriaceis nervosis, costa nervisque utrinque 18-20 patentibus subtus

crassis, pedunculis axillaribus et terminalibus cymoso-paucifloris floribus

breviter pedicellatis amplis aureis 3-poll. diam., sepalis orbiculatis concavis

inequalibus, petalis obovato-oblongis disco concavis marginibus late sub-

crispato-undulatis, staminibus albidis interioribus longioribus extimis brevibus

setifurmibus imperfectis, carpellis ad 7 stylis filiformibus.

The genus Worméa, a near ally of the familiar Hibbertias

of our greenhouses, consists of about ten species of shrubs

or trees with usually very handsome flowers and foliage,

which extend from tropical Australia through the Malay

Islands and Southern India to the Seychelles. Though

known in Indian Botanic Gardens, the present is the only

one that to our knowledge has ever flowered in Europe. It

is closely allied to W. subsessilis of Miquel, figured in the

Annals of the Leyden Botanical Museum (vol. i. p. 315,

Tab. IX.), but that has larger toothed leaves, flowers five

inches in diameter, and very broadly obovate petals without

the hollow disk and broad crenate margins of this. Coming

from the same country, I was at first disposed to regard

these species as identical, but as the dried specimens from

Banka, sent from the Leyden Museum to Kew Herbarium,

and others gathered in Borneo confirm the accuracy of

Miquel’s plate, which is, moreover, copied from a drawing

taken from life, I am compelled to keep them distinct.

W. Burbidgei is a native of Northern Borneo, where it

was discovered by the intelligent and successful collector

whose name it bears when exploring the Bornean forests

DECEMBER Ist, 1880.

for Messrs. Veitch. Flowers of it were preserved, and are

_ now in the Kew Herbarium, and the living plant from which |

the drawing is made is in the collection of its importers,

with whom it flowered in July of the present year.

_ Drscr. A glabrous shrub; branches terete. Leaves

eight to ten inches long, almost exactly elliptic, base con-

tracted and decurrent as a very broad complicate petiole

one to one and a half inches long, which expands and is

stem-clasping at the base, margins nearly entire or very

obscurely waved, upper surface deep green, raised between

the eighteen to twenty spreading nerves, which, as well as

the midrib, are very prominent beneath. Flowers three

inches in diameter, subcymose on a simple peduncle two to

four inches long, very shortly pedicelled. Sepals nearly

orbicular, very concave, coriaceous, green. Petals pale

golden-yellow, obovate-oblong, disk hollowed, margins

broadly undulate. Flowers very many, almost white ;

anthers almost filiform, with terminal pores. Ovary broadly

ovoid, of seven carpels with as many filiform flexuous

stigmas.—J. D. H,

Fig. 1, Stamen; 2, imperfect outer ditto; 3, apex of anther; 4, ovary;

5, transverse section of ditto :—all enlarged.

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp

eve & C2 London.

TAB. Good.

DISA PpoLYGONOIDES.

Native of Natal.

Nat. Ord. OncH1DEx.—Tribe OPHRYDER.

Genus Disa, Berg; (Endl. Gen. Pl. p. 211.)

Disa (Macrantha) polygonoides ; elata, robusta, caule folioso, foliis lineari- v. ligu-

lato-lanceolatis longe acuminatis planiusculis 5-nerviis, superioribus abbreviatis

vagineformibus acutis cauli_appressis, spica densa ovoidea v. cylindracea,

bracteis oblongo-lanceolatis a a aurantiacis brevioribus v. paulo longioribus,

sepalo superiore erecto oblongo concavo dorso basi in calcar breve descendens

producto, sepalis lateralibus late ovatis apice rotundatis, petalis parvis erectis

lineari-oblongis obtusis apicibus incurvis, labello lineari obtuso, anthera

angusta. .

D. polygonoides, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orchid. p. 349.

A very different-looking plant from the Disa megaceras,

figured in this number of the Magazine, though agreeing in

all generic characters most closely, and when more fully

developed, as in some of the native specimens preserved in

the Herbarium, a very striking plant, the-spike of orange

flowers sometimes attaining a foot in length. From notes

on the Herbarium specimens the colour of the flowers seems

to vary a good deal, from bright canary-yellow to light red

and even scarlet. It is very near indeed to Swartz’s D.

chlorostachya, differing chiefly, if not wholly, in the shorter

less inflated spur.

D. polygonoides inhabits marshy valleys, and has a very

wide range, from Grahamstown eastward to Natal; and

from the number of collectors who have sent it, it would

appear to be a very common orchid. The tubers of the

specimen figured were presented to Kew by W. B. Lyle,

Ksq., of Kirkley Vale Estate, Natal, and flowered in Sep-

tember of the present year in the temperate Orchid House. |

Descr. Tubers reaching four inches long, subcylindric.

Stem tall, stout, one to two feet high, leafy, often as thick

DECEMBER Ist, 1880.

as the fore-finger. Leaves four to ten inches long by three-

quarters to one and a quarter inch broad, linear-lanceolate

or almost strap-shaped, gradually narrowed to the acumi-

nate point, nearly flat, with five, rarely seven, strong

nerves, dark green, sheaths spotted with red purple; upper

leaves much abbreviated, spathaceous, with acute points

appressed to the stem. Spike three inches to a foot long,

cylindric, obtuse, very many flowered; bracts oblong-

lanceolate, acuminate, longer or shorter than the orange-

yellow or light red or scarlet flowers. Perianth three-

quarters of an inch long from the tip of the dorsal sepal to

that of the lip, densely crowded, suberect. Dorsal sepal

erect, oblong, subacute, very concave, cymbiform, spurred at

the base behind; the spur shorter than the sepal, cylindric

or slightly inflated, obtuse, pointing downwards in a line

with the axis of the sepal; lateral very broadly ovate,

rounded at the tips. Petals much smaller than the sepals,

erect and partially concealed by the upper sepal, linear-

oblong, tip obtuse andincurved. Lip strap-shaped, smooth,

flat or convex, obtuse or subacute, slightly constricted

above the base. Anthers suberect, cells narrow, parallel.

Stigma suborbicular, sessile, depressed in the middle, notched

in front. Ovary about one-third of an inch long, much

twisted.—J. D. H.,

Fig. 1, Front, and 2, side view of flower ; 3, ovary, anther, and lip; 4, anther and

stigma ; 5, pollen-mass :—all enlarged. :

Tas. 6533,

CEREUS Fenptert.

Native of New Mexico.

Nat. Ord. Cactr#.—Tribe EcH1nocactex.

Genus CerEus, Haworth ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 849.)

Cerevs (Echinocereus) Fendleri; simplex v. parce e basi ramosus, ovoideus vy.

subcylindraceus, costis 9-12 tuberculato-interruptis, areolis orbiculatis junioribus

tomentosis, aculeis basi bulbosis, radialibus 7-10 rectis curvisve, inferioribus

robustioribus, infimo 4-gono albido, sequentibus 2 obscuris ceteris albis v. fusco-

variegatis, superioribus tenuioribus pallidis, summo elongato robusto incurvo

v. deficiente, aculeo centrali valde bulboso teretiusculo elongato rarissime 0,

floribus magnis purpureis subverticalibus, ovarii tubique pulvillis 25-35

aculeolos 3-12 albos szepe adustos gerentibus, sepalis interioribus 12-15 lineari-

lanceolatis v. spathulatis acutis, petalis 10-24 lineari-oblongis vy. ovato-

spathulatis, stigmatibus 12-16 erectis viridibus stamina numerosissima vix

superantibus, bacca ovoideo-globosa pulvillis aculeolatis stipata, seminibus

oblique obovatis scrobiculatis, embryone paulo curvo.

C. Fendleri, Engelm. Cactacee of Emory’s U. S.and Mexican Boundary Survey,

34, tab. 52, 53, :

This fine Cereus is a native of the great Cactus region of

the United States, where, according to its author, Dr.

Engelmann, it inhabits rocks in alluvial river-bottoms

from Santa Fé to the Cafion of the Rio Grande below El

Paso, and from fifty miles east of the Upper Peros west-

ward to Zuni, and the Aztec mountains and the Copper

mines. It is admirably described and figured along with

twenty-eight other Cacteze from the same region in the

work of Dr. Engelmann quoted above, whose characters I

have nearly verbatim reproduced, finding that though

drawn up (presumably) for dried specimens, they perfectly

accord with those of the cultivated one here figured.

Our specimens were presented to the Royal Gardens along

with a very choice set of other Cactex from the same regions

by Edmund Giles Loder, Esq., of Howe, Floore, a gentle-

man who possesses a rich collection of rare succulent and

other plants. It flowered soon after it was received in June

of this year. | —

DECEMBEB lst, 1880.

Descr. Stem ovoid or subcylindric, five to seven inches

high, and three to four inches in diameter, pale green,

simple, rarely branched at the base. bs nine to twelve,

erect or slightly twisted, half an inch deep, obtuse, inter-

ruptedly tubercled. Avreoles at base of the spines orbicular,

tomentose when young. Spines bulbous at the base, the

radial seven to ten, straight or curved, the lower stronger,

the lowest four-angled white ; the rest whitish or variegated

with brown, the upper more slender and pale, the upper-

most long curved or wanting; the central one to one and a

half inches long, bulbous at the base, brown, terete or

wanting. lowers large, purple, suberect, three inches in

diameter. Calya-tube short, together with the ovary, one-

half to one inch long, both bearing cushions covered with

twenty-five to thirty-five short spines with sometimes a few

brown ones intermixed. Inner sepals twelve to fifteen,

linear-lanceolate or spathulate, acute or cuspidate. Petals

_ sixteen to twenty-four, linear-oblong or obovate-spathulate,

acute or obtuse, close. Stigmas twelve to sixteen, large,

green, rather larger than the stamens. Berry ovoid-globose,

purplish, edible, with eighteen to twenty spinous cushions.

Seeds obliquely obovoid, tubercled ; embryo slightly curved.

—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Vertical section of base of perianth and ovary, of the natural size ;

2, ovules, enlarged.

6511

6520

6528

6491

6474

6505

6501

6469

6507

6475

6527

6504

6533

6510

6513

6484

6512

6483

6525

6485

6490

6529

6532

6523

6487

6530

6509

6470

6514

6497

6515

6524

iN Da x

To Vol. XXXVI. of the Turrp Series, or Vol. CVI.

of the whole Work.

Agave horrida.

Aloe Greenii. —

Arctotis aspera, var. arbo-

rescens.

Arisema Griffithii.

Arisema utile.

Berberis buxifolia.

Bignonia capreolata, var. atro-

* sanguinea.

Brownea Ariza.

Bucklandia populnea.

Calochortus Benthami.

Calochortus pulchellus.

Campanula fragilis.

Cereus Fendleri.

Chionographis japonica,

Citrus trifoliata.

Conandron ramondioides.

Crinum Kirkii.

Crinum podophyllum.

Crinum purpurascens,

Cyananthus lobatus.

Cypripedium Spicerianum.

Disa megaceras.

Disa polygonoides.

Dracontium Carderi.

Eichornia azurea.

Erigeron multiradiatus.

Epimedium Perralderianum.

Gentiana Kurroo.

Gentiana ornata.

Gentiana septemfida,

cordifolia.

Helichrysum frigidum.

Hibiscus schizopetalus.

var.

6481

6506

6516

6522

6486

6499

6477

6496

6473

6502

6494

6471

6478

6480

6472

6500

6476

6503

6493

6519

6492

6479

6498

6517

6526

6488

6521

6508

6495

6518

6489

6482

6531

Hypericum egyptiacum.

Indigofera Anil.

Laczena spectabilis.

Lathyrus rotundifolius.

Lonicera tomentella.

Lythrum Greefferi.

Maxillaria porphyrostele.

Mormodes Ocanz.

Narcissus _ pallidulus — N,

Graellsii—N,, rupicola,

Odontoglossum odoratum,

Oncidium dasystyle.

Pachystoma? Thomsonianum.

Phyteuma comosum.

’ Pitcairnia Andreana.

Polygonum affine.

Polygonum amplexicaule.

Polygonum compactum.

Polygonum cuspidatum.

Primula sibirica, var. kash-

miriana, —

Prunus divaricata,

Ribes lacustre.

Rubus pheenicolasius.

Ruellia Portelle.

Salvia hians.

Scabiosa pterocephala,

Senecio speciosus.

Stelis Briickmiilleri.

Stenomesson luteoviride.

Tillandsia Malzinei.

Tulipa biflora—T. iliensis,

Xiphion Kolpakowskianum.

Wahlenbergia tenuifolia,

Wormia Burbidgei.