CURTIS’S

BOTANICAL MAGAZINE,

= COMPRISING THE

Plants of the Ropal Gardens of Kew, °*

AND

OF OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS IN GREAT BRITAIN;

WITH SUITABLE DESCRIPTIONS;

ph ¢

SIR JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER, M.D., C.B., K.C.S.L,

F.R.S.; F.L.8., ere.,

2.Giks OXON., LL.D. CANTAB., CORRESPONDENT OF THE INSTITUTE OF FRANCE. :

PAPPPAAAAAALAAN

Ef “VOR. SIT.

OF THE THIRD SERIES,

(Or Vol. CXI. of the Whole Work.)

RRAADADRBRARA FARA

AARARARARARARA

“For certes at my devise

There is no place in Paradise

So good in for to dwell, or be,

As in that garden, thoughte me.”’—C#avucer.

ODI we

Scape

LONDON:

ds REEVE & CO., 5, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.

1885.

[AW rights reserved. |

Mo. Bot. Garden,

1897.

DR. EDWARD DE REGEL,

DIRECTOR OF THE IMPERIAL BOTANICAL GARDENS,

ST. PETERSBURG, ETC., ETC., ETC.

Dear Dr. ve Recent,

Let me claim the privilege of many years’

friendship, and dedicate to you the 111th volume of the

BoranicaL Macazine, as a testimony of my genuine

admiration for your distinguished services as a scientific

Horticulturist, and of my appreciation of your acquirements

and labours as a Botanist.

Believe me, dear Dr. Regel,

Most faithfully yours,

JOS. D. HOOKER.

RoyaL Garpens, Kew,

December 1st, 1888.

RIS Er

Bt Fen ve

Bas

Tas. 6793.

MAGN OLIA Campsenuu.

Native of the Eastern Himalaya.

Nat. Ord. Magnortacem.—Tribe MaGnoxien.

Genus Maenotta, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook, f. Gen, Pi. vol. i. p. 18.)

Maaenouta Campbellii; arborea, foliis deciduis ellipticis oblongis ovatisve abrupte

acuminatis subtus sericeis denum glabratis, floribus ante folia enatis maximis

roseis, bracteis amplis late ovatis fusco-sericeis exterioribus plerumque foliferis

intimis flori appressis, sepalis petalisque conformibus 12-15 elliptico-oblongis

obtusis, carpellis in spicam cylindricam confertis 1-2-spermis.

M. Campbellii, Hook. f. e¢ Thomson in Hook. f. Ill. Him. Plant, t. 4,5, and in

Flora Indica, p. 77 ; Hook. f. Flora of British India, vol.i. p. 41; Gamble,

Manual of Indian Timbers, p. 5, and Trees and Shrubs of Darjeeling, p. 2.

Magnolia, Griff. Posth. Papers, vol. ii. p. 153; and Ic. Pl. Asiat. t. 656.

‘This, which is in every respect, except in having deciduous

foliage, the noblest species of the genus, was, before the

destruction of the grand forests that clothed the higher

elevations of the outer ranges of the Sikkim Himalaya, by

far the most notable tree of the district, and I have seen

the flanks of a mountain rose-coloured in spring from its

abundance and its habit of flowering before the development

of the leaves. It was discovered by Dr. Griffith in the

Bhotan Himalaya at 8000 feet elevation (near Tongsa),

but his specimens were very imperfect, and his collections

being buried in the vaults of the India House, nothing

further was known of the plant till I met with it in Sikkim ;

he, however, describes it in his (posthumously published)

‘Itinerary Notes,” p. 153, No. 755, as a large tree, leafless

when flowering, with flowers a span in diameter; the

sepals (inner bracts P) green and petals white. This work

did not reach England till after the publication of the

‘* Tilustrations of Himalayan Plants,” in which M. Campbellit

first appeared. ;

As a species, M. Campbellii ranks near M. Yulan, and

others with deciduous leaves, whilst in its arboreous habit

: it has no rival. The trunk attains a height of eighty feet,

JANUARY lst, 1885,

with a dark bark, that of the branches being nearly black ;

the wood is white and soft, with about twelve rings to the

inch, and is occasionally used for planking. Gamble, in

his valuable work on Indian timbers, says that it 1s now

(1881) growing scarce in Sikkim, whereas when I was in

that country upwards of thirty years ago, it was one of

the commonest trees at about 8000 to 9000 feet on the

hills near Darjeeling. It was chosen by Dr. Thomson and

myself to commemorate the eminent public services of the

late Dr. Archibald Campbell, for many years Political

Resident at Darjeeling, to whom the rise and progress of

that magnificent hill station is due, and who has further

contributed largely to our knowledge of the geography,

natural productions, arts, manufactures, and people of the

Nepal and Sikkim Himalaya.

Our plate gives a very indifferent idea of the size and

colour which the flowers of this plant attain; Mr. Gamble

says that they measure as much as ten inches in diameter,

and they are often of a deep rose colour. I have seen four

or five such on a branch a foot and a half long, resembling |

a bunch of nelumbium flowers, but far more vividly coloured.

Repeated attempts have been made to introduce Magnolia

Campbellit by seed, but on arrival the fleshy albumen has

always been found to have decayed and killed the minute

embryo. Living plants have been sent by Drs. Anderson

and King, of the Calcutta Botanical Gardens, but they have

proved too tender for the open air in the Kast of England.

In Ireland, however, it has succeeded. I saw a small tree ©

of it in Mr. Crawford’s well-known garden near Cork in

1878; this flowered in March of the present year, when

that gentleman kindly forwarded the flower for figuring in

this work. At Kew it grows well in the temperate house,

but has not hitherto flowered. The leaves were fully

developed on Mr. Crawford’s plant in July, and were then

added to the drawing. The fruit and seed, and the analyses

of these, are added from the “ Illustrations of Himalayan

Plants.” In the south of France and in Italy it has

flowered on several occasions.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Leafing branch ; 2, flowering ditto; 3, stamen; 4, stigma ; 5, fruit;

6, seed; 7, vertical section of ditto; 8, embryo :—all but fi s. 3, 4, 7, 8, of the

natural size. :

Tas. 6794.

IDESIA POLYCARPA.

Native of Japan.

_ Nat. Ord. Bixinex.— Tribe Fracourtiex.

Genus Ipxsia, Maxim. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 972.)

Inesta polycarpa ; arbor magna, coma rotundata, ramulis crassiusculis cicatricatis,

foliis alternis longe petivlatis amplis polymorphis rotundatis cordatis ovato-

oblongisve acuminatis serratis, stipulis parvis caducis, racemis pendulis axilla-

ribus et terminalibus, floribus dioicis albis v. flavidis, sepalis 3-6 crassiusculis

pubescentibus coriaceis late oblongis apicibus dentatis, petalis 0, /2. mas.

staminibus perplurimis, #7. fem. staminodiis numerosis, ovario globoso, stylis

3-6 patenti-recurvis stigmatibus globoso-clavellatis, placentis 3-6 multiovulatis,

baccis numerosissimis globosis.

I. polycarpa, Maxim. Mel. Biol. Imp. Acad. St. Petersh. vol. vi. 1866, fase. i.

p.19; (Bull. Acad, Petersh. vol. x. 1866, p. 485;) Kranchet et Savat.

finum, Pl. Jap. vol. i. p. 44; Lavallée, Arboret. Segrez. t. 13; Carriere in

fev. Hortic. 1872, p. 174, eum ic. xylog.

Potycarra Maximoviczii, et Ftacourtia Japonica, Hort.

Kara Senpan, Oliver in Journ, Linn. Soc. vol. ix. p. 168.

The earliest notice of the remarkable tree, of which the

female flowers are here represented, was by Professor Oliver

(as he has pointed out to me) in his paper “On a few

Plants collected in Japan, &., by Mr. R. Oldham, late

Collector for the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew,” published

in the ninth volume of the Journal of the Linnean Society,

p- 168, where a description of a specimen in fruit is given,

with the Japanese name of Kara Sendau, and a reference

of it, doubtfully, to the order Bizinew. Two years after-

wards, in 1866, the learned Russian botanist and Japanese

traveller, Maximovicz, published a full description of it

under the name of Jdesia, in commemoration of a Dutch

traveller, Eberhard Isbrants Ides, who undertook an ex-

ploration of China about the beginning of last century.

Lastly, a capital figure of it appeared three years ago in

the beautiful Arboretum Segrezianum” of the lamented

M. Lavallée, together with full details. There it is described

as a large tree with a straight trunk crowned with numerous

horizontally spreading branches, forming a broad rounded

cyme, resembling the Catalpa.

Idesia is, as at present known, monotypic, but there is

JANUARY Ist, 1885,

in the Herbarium of Kew a plant from Cachar (north-east

of Bengal) in young fruit which so strongly resembles that

of Idesia that it may prove to be a second species of the

genus; the leaves are oblanceolate, and not glaucous

beneath. :

Idesia is a native of Japan, where it occurs both wild

and cultivated. It was introduced into Europe by Dr.

Regel, of the St. Petersburg Botanical Gardens, and was

subsequently largely diffused by M. Linden. The Royal

- Gardens of Kew have received it from several Continental

sources.

The berries are remarkable for staining the Herbarium

paper black or dark brown, which suggests their use for

ink; they are said to be eatable, but are probably not

worth eating; and if they stain the mouth as they do paper,

they are not likely to prove popular. The specimen from

which our figure was taken is a small tree in the Kew

arboretum, where it is quite hardy, flowering in Midsummer.

Descr. A tree forty to fifty feet high; bark smooth,

white or yellowish; branches stout, with thick pith, covered

with scars of fallen leaves and lenticels. Leaves long-

petioled, drooping, five to ten inches long and sometimes

eight inches broad, very variable in shape, usually cordate

and acuminate, sometimes oblong or even orbicular, deep

green, quite glabrous except at the axils of the nerves

beneath, which are bearded, teeth distant, under surface

glaucous; petiole four to six inches long, often red; stipules

minute. Panicles shorter than the leaves, pendulous, many- —

and sparse-flowered, puberulous, rachis branches and pedi-

cels slender. Matz rn. half aninch diameter. Sepals oblong,

obtuse, spreading, pubescent; tip entire or toothed. Stamens

numerous, filaments hairy, anthers didymous. FsMaLe FL.

smaller than the male. Sepals broader and shorter, erect.

Staminodes numerous, minute, with interposed glands.

Ovary shortly stipitate, globose; placentas three to six;

styles three to six, radiating from the top of the ovary,

with club-shaped or capitellate stigmas; ovules very many.

Berries very numerous, as large as small grapes, globose,

orange-yellow with a greenish pulp. Seeds very many,

ovoid, smooth ; testa crustaceous.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Section of fem.-flower; 2, sepal and staminodes ; 3 and 4, staminodes and

interposed glands of disk; 5, pistil; 6, stigma; 7, transverse section of ovary :—

all enlarged. :

Tabs. 6795.

FUCHSIA TRIPHYLLA.

Native of St. Domingo.

Nat. Ord. ONaGRARIER.

Genus Fucusta, Linn, ; (Benth. et Hook. f: Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 790.)

Fucnsta triphylla ; fruticulus pubescens, foliis ternatim verticillatis breviter

petiolatis oblanceolatis acutis subserratis supra viridibus, puberulis subtus

purpurascentibus velutino-pubescentibus, nervis numerosis arcuatis, floribus

corymbosis nutantibus v. pendulis, bracteis viridibus pedicellis perianthiisque

toto-coccineis, calycis tubo basi modice inflato dein gracili supra medium inflato-

ellipsoideo, lobis triangularibus acutis, petalis rotundatis calycis lobis brevioribus,

staminibus 4 alternipetalis petalis subequilongis 4 oppositipetalis petalis

brevioribus, stylo exserto.

F. triphylla, Zinn. Sp. Pl. p. 1191; Willd. in Usteri Annal. vol. iii. t. 6, fig. 3

(copied from Plumier) ; Hemsley in Gard. Chron. 1884, vol. ii. p. 263.

‘F. racemosa, Zamk. Dict. vol. ii. p. 565 ; and JIU. t. 282, fig. 1; DC. Prodr. vol. iii.

p. 39; Descourlitz Flore Medica des Antilles, vol. ii. p. 161, t. 109.

Focusta triphylla flore coccineo; Plumier, Nov. Plant. Amer. Gen. p. 14, t. 14;

and Plant. Amer. Ed. Burm. t. 133, fig. 1.

A most interesting plant, from being the type of the

well-known and large genus Fuchsia, which was founded

upon it 180 years ago, and yet it has been all but unknown

to science till the present year! I cannot do better than

extract the details of this anomaly in botanical history and

literature from an excellent account of Fuchsia triphylla

drawn up by Mr. Hemsley for the “ Gardener’s Chronicle ”

(cited above), premising that Mr. Hemsley was the first to

recognize the name and interest of the plant, when trans-

mitted to Kew by Messrs. Henderson for naming.

In the latter part of the seventeenth century, Father

Plumier, a missionary, collected largely in the West Indies,

and chiefly in the Island of St. Domingo, and in 1703

published his ‘* Nova Plantarum Americanarum Genera.”

Of these genera one was that which he called “ Fuchsia

triphylla flore coccineo.” It isaccompanied witha rude and

inexact figure, only four stamens being represented, and

the petals being of a wrong form; there is, however, no

JANUARY Ist, 1885.

doubt that the figure is intended for this plant, and Linnzus,

in the first edition of the “Species Plantarum” (1753),

took it up as Fuchsia triphylla. Shortly afterwards, in

1758, Burmann published a series of plates of drawings

made by Plumier in the West Indies and South America,

including one of the Fuchsia (tab. 133, fig. 1). Other

species of Fuchsia were soon added to the genus, and

Lamarck (no doubt from finding the triphyllous character

to be common to other species of the genus) in 1793 changed

the name to I’. racemusa, without comment, which Des-

courlitz in his “ Flora of the Antilles” adopts. Lastly,

Kunth, in describing Humboldt and Bonpland’s South

American collections, proceeding on the assumption that

#. triphylla is a Continental American plant, doubtfully

refers to it a triphyllous species from New Grenada, and in~

so doing is followed by De Candolle.

The specimen here figured was sent to Kew by Messrs.

Henderson, with the information that it was collected by

Thomas Hogg in St. Domingo, where it forms a round bush,

“not over eighteen inches high, every shoot of which is

terminated by a raceme of orange-scarlet wax-like flowers.”

Descourlitz’s figure is sufficiently characteristic, though he

figures the flowers as erect, and the leaves as green beneath.

He states that Plumier found it in uncultivated places, “ en

allant du quartier de la bande du Sud, a celui qu’on nomme

le Grand Cul-de-Sac,” adding that he has found it himself —

often at St. Jago de Cuba. He attributes to it medicinal

properties, amongst others the curing of certain intermittent

fevers, and says that it is a powerful remedy in asthenic |

derangements of the lymphatic system.— J. D, H.

Fig. 1, Portion of under-surface of leaf; 2, calyx laid - 3 petal: 4 and-5,

anthers; 6, style and stigma :~all enlarged. yx laid open; 3, petal; 4 and 9, 3

6796. |

i y

i a

ff)

Le |

MS del INFitch id inp

del JN Fitch ith Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp —

LReeve & C2 London.

Tan. 6796.

DENTARIA poLypHytta.

Native of Middle Europe.

Nat. Ord. CructrER%.—Tribe ARABIDER.

Genus Dentaria, Linn. Carpamine, subgenus Dentanria, Benth. et Hook. f.

Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 70.

Dentarra polyphylla; glaberrima, foliis 2-4 approximatis oppositis alternis v.

ternatim verticillatis breviter petiolatis pinnatisectis, segmentis 7-9 approxi-

matis subsessilibus lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis grosse serratis, floribus sub-

corymbosis longe pedicellatis nutantibus, sepalis oblongis obtusis pallide

viridibus, petalis triplo longioribus obovato-spathulatis albis emarginatis,

siliquis erectis elongato-ensiformibus in stylum longe angustatis oligospermis,

valvis coriaceis enerviis tenuissime striolatis, seminibus oblongis funiculo

evanido,

D. polyphylla, Waldst. et Kitaib. Pl. Rar. Hung. vol. ii. p. 174, t. 160; DC.

Syst. Veg. vol. ii. p. 271, and Prodr. vol. i. p. 154; Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ.

p. 49; Reichd. Ic. Fl. Germ. vol. ii. t. 32; Bertoloni, Fl. Ital. vol. vii. p. 5.

The question of the distinction between the genera Den-

taria and Cardamine has often been discussed, and is so far

settled in the “‘Genera Plantarum” that the former has

been reduced to a subgenus of the latter. Brown and

Bernhardi distinguished them by habit and the dilated

funicles of Dentaria. Spenner found a character in the

cotyledons of Dentaria pinnata, which, instead of being flat,

as in Cardamine, have their margins on both sides folded

inwards. This folding is, however, sometimes (as in D.

enneaphylla) confined to one side of the cotyledons only,

and in other species it is evanescent, as in the common D,

bulbifera. Koch has pointed out a character in the petioled

cotyledons of Dentaria. Bernhardi indicates a very im-

portant difference in the germination of the two genera, for

whereas in Cardamine the plumule germinates between the

two cotyledons, in Dentaria the cotyledons perish, and a

tubercle forms at their base, from which, in the following

year, growth takes place. How far this is constant in the

genus is not known; and the fruiting of D. bulbifera is a

JANUARY lst, 1885.

very rare phenomenon; of upwards of fifty specimens in

the Kew Herbarium not one has a pod. Iam not aware

whether the structure of the embryo and the germination of

D. polyphylla have been observed, but I find that the cotyle-

dons are longitudinally folded, one embracing the other,

and the radicle is bipartite almost to its tip, forming a long

stalk as it were to each cotyledon.

D. polyphylla is one of the most elegant of early spring

flowering plants, and admirably suited for the rock garden,

from the bright green of the leaves and the grace of its

drooping corymbs of white or pale straw-coloured flowers.

It has rather a restricted range, inhabiting wooded moun-

tains from Central Switzerland eastwards to Carniola and © aq

Croatia, and southward in Italy to Etruria.

The Royal Gardens are indebted to Messrs. Froebel, of

Zurich, for plants, which flowered in February and March.

Descr. Quite glabrous. Jtootstock six to ten inches long,

including the tubercles nearly three-quarters of an inch in

diameter. Stem one to one and a half feet high, stout,

cylindric, green. Leaves two to four at the top of the stem,

opposite, or if alternate near together, or forming a whorl

of three, pinnatisect; petiole short, stout; segments two

to three and a half inches long, subsessile, linear-lanceolate,

acuminate, coarsely serrate. Corymb many-flowered;

flowers long pedicelled, drooping. Sepals white or pale

green, one-third of an inch long, oblong, obtuse, erect.

Petals three times as long, claw long, limb obovate retuse

or emarginate. Anthers yellow. Pod two to two and a half

inches long, straight, sword-shaped, gradually narrowed

into a distinct style; valves coriaceous, inelastic, nerveless.

Seeds oblong, one-eighth of an inch long; cotyledons

‘stalked.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Stamens, hypogynous glands and ovary; 2, ovary :—all enlarged.

@, beim ty of the natural size; and 4, seed, enlarged,—both from the Her-

arium,

Vincent: Brovks Day & Son Imp

A.B, dei, J NFitch ith.

LReeve & C° London,

Tas. 6797.

_A.—TORENIA ooncotor.

B.—TORENIA Forpu.

Natives of China.

Nat. Ord. ScroPHULARINER.—Tribe GRaTIOLER.

Genus Torenta, Linn.; (Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 954.)

Torgnta concolor; glabra v. parce pubescens, ramis elongatis diffusis, foliis petio-

latis ovatis ovato-cordatisve acutis serratis, pedunculis axillaribus foliis

longioribus, calycibus elongatis sub-bilabiatis angulis anguste alatis, corolla

violacew concoloris tubo exserto lobis amplis, filamentis anticis dente auctis,

ovario tereti.

T. concolor, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 62.

T. longiflora, Morren in Ann. de Gand. vol. ii. pp. 441, 471.

T. rubens, var. grandiflora, Benth. Fl. Hongkong, p. 250.

T. asiatica, Linn., var. concolor, Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. iii. p. 277.

Torsn1a Fordii; erecta, pubescens, foliis breviter petiolatis late ovato-rotundatis

v. -cordatis obtusiusculis serratis utrinque pubescentibus, pedunculis sub-

terminalibus et axillaribus foliis multo brevioribus, calycibus brevibus angulis

vix alatis, corolle parve straminez tubo breviter exserto, lobis brevibus

latioribus quam latis lateralibus plaga violacea notatis, filamentis anticis dente

auctis, ovario 5-costato.

The Torenias, which are now becoming favourites in

cultivation from their beautiful colours and long periods of

blooming, form one of the most puzzling of genera to the

botanist who has to discriminate the species, which have

been, for the most part, described from miserably-bad

herbarium specimens. (eee

When studying the genus for the “Flora of British India,”

I gave much time to the attempt to unravel the species and

fix their nomenclature, with little success, I fear. The

next best thing to be done is to cultivate them, and have

_them figured under such names as cannot mislead. Happily

several species have already been well figured in the

Boranicat Macazine, which enable very good comparisons

to be made. T. congolor I reduced in the * Flora of British

- JANUARY Ist, 1885.

India” to T. asiatica, being quite unable to distinguis

these in a dried state; and a reference to the figure of thai

striking plant at Plate 4249, together with another of T.

hirsuta (Plate 5167) (also referred by me to asiatica), show:

how close the three are in all structural characters, differin

chiefly in the colour of the corolla. T. asiatica and T

hirsuta are natives of India; the former extending fron

the mountains of the Madras Peninsula and Ceylon to th

Malay Peninsula and Java; the latter was described fro1

plants introduced by Messrs. Low, of Clapton, the exac

locality of which is not given. 7. concolor, again, was sen

from China to the Horticultural Society’s Gardens in 18

by Mr. Fortune, who found it in marshy ground in Hong

kong, at about 2000 feet above the sea.

The Kew plants, which flowered in August, were rais

from seed sent by Mr. C. Ford, the Superintendent of th

Hongkong Botanical Gardens, in December, 1881, alo

with Utricularia bifida (Plate 6689),

T. Fordii is a very different species from T’. concolor, bu

no less puzzling. Its nearest ally is, no doubt, T. cordifola

figured at Plate 3715 of this work, and to which name

has more title from the shape of the leaf than the pla

there represented. JT. cordifolia has, however, narrow

leaves, a much more broadly winged calyx, and a corolla

a pale blue colour. 1’. parviflora is another near ally, an

is a very widely diffused plant in the tropics of both world

but it is glabrous, has much narrower leaves, a much large:

calyx, and blue corolla.

T. Fordii was discovered by Mr. C. Ford during 2

excursion which he made to the Lo-fau-shan Mountain

which are on the coast opposite the Island of Hongkon

and from whence he sent seeds in 1883, the plants fro

which flowered in June, 1884.

Both T. concolor and Fordii are very attractive sto

plants, flowering for several months continuously.—J. D.

A.—T. concolor. Fig. 1, Stamens; 2, ovary; 3, section of ditto:—all enlarg

B.—T. Fordii. Fig. 1, Stamens; 2, ovary ; 3, section of ditto :—all enla

6798.

Vincent, Brooks Day & Son iy

Tas. 6798.

PANAX Mourrayi.

Nat. Ord. AnaLiacez.

Genus Panax, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 938.)

Panax Murrayi; caule simplici stricto erecto apicem versus folioso, foliis crebris

subverticillatis 3-4-pedalibus patenti-recurvis pinnatis, rachi puberulo v.

tomentello tereti, foliolis multi-10-12-jugis approximatis petiolulatis 3-6-polli-

caribus oblique e basi inzquali lata lanceolatis acuminatis integris v. grosse

obtuse dentatis glaberrimis, umbellulis subglobosis multifloris in racemos sim-

plices puberulos dispositis racemis pedalibus subterminalibus strictis rachi

valida, floribus gracile pedicellatis, calycis margine minuto 5-denticulato, petalis

denum reflexis ovatis acutis valvatis.

This stately plant was presented to the Royal Gardens

by Mr. Bull, who imported it from the South Sea Islands

(though the exact locality appears to be unknown), and

flowered it in his establishment at Chelsea in May, 1881,

under the provisional name of Aralia splendidissima. It is,

however, not an Aralia, but a genuine Panaz, having the

_ valvate petals of that genus, and it is so similar to specimens —

of P. Murrayi, of Baron Mueller, a native of northern New

South Wales and Queensland, that, having regard to the

great difference in habit and foliage that exists between

young and old plants of this genus, I cannot venture to

describe it as a different species.

P. Murrayi is described as “ a splendid tree, with a trunk

fifty to sixty feet high, and then trichotomously branched ;”

and there is nothing in the habit or mode of growth of

the present plant that would not point to this being its

future condition. The leaflets of dried specimens of

P. Murrayi are extremely variable; in some leaves they

are straight, linear-oblong, three inches long, with cuneate

base and rounded tip; in others they are eight inches long,

lanceolate, acuminate, with a rounded base; the nervation

also is very variable. In short, variations such as _ these

(and far wider indeed) are normal in the foliage of Araliacer,

and leave little room for supposing that the plant here

FEBRUARY Ist, 1885.

figured is anything but the young state of Panar Murrayi ;

—provided always that the two are supposed to agree in

_their flowers and fruits. These characters, however, cannot

be satisfactorily resorted to, for there are only fruits and very

imperfect male flowers on the Herbarium specimens of

P. Murrayi, and only male flowers without fruit on Mr.

Bull’s plant; the calyces alone of the two can be com-

pared, and they appear to be identical.

_ Descr. Stem in the plant figured now (1885) four feet

high, stout, erect, as thick as the wrist. Leaves forming

an elegant umbrella-formed crown to the stem eight feet.

in diameter, numerous, close-set, spreading and recurved,

three to four feet long, shortly petioled ; rachis as stout as

a goose-quill, terete, puberulous, slightly thickened at the

nodes, green speckled with brown; leaflets ten to twelve

pair, approximate, petiolulate, three to six inches long,

oblong-lanceolate from an oblique rounded base, one to three

inches broad, acuminate, entire or undulate or subcrenate,

bright green, shining; nerves very faint, spreading.

Racemes simple, crowded at the end of the stem, suberect,

strict, a foot long; rachis very stout, pubescent ; umbels

subglobose, one inch in diameter, on peduncles one inch

long or less ; pedicels one-fourth to one-sixth of an inch.

Flowers all male, pale greenish brown; calyx truncate,

with five minute teeth; petals one-eighth of an inch long, |

reflexed ; stamens erect, anthers oblong, as long as the

ae ; Style short, erect, two-grooved, tip emarginate.

Fig: 1, Bud; 2 and 3, flowers; 4 and 5, stamens ; 6, pedicel, calyx, and style:— _

all enlarged. ae

AB. del INPth kth

fi ean

Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp

mens ‘i

yap

a fe ee Oe

Tas. 6799.

CARYOPTERIS MASTACANTHUS.

Native of Japan.

Nat. Ord. VERBENACEX.— Tribe CARYOPTERIDER.

Genus Caryorteris, Bunge; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 1157.)

CaryorTeris Mastacanthus; fruticulus pubescens, ramulis teretibus erectis v.

adscendentibus, foliis oppositis petiolatis ovato-oblongis grosse serratis obtusis

v. acutis, cymis pedunculatis axillaribus densifloris, calycis campanulati lobis

lanceolatis acutis, corolle lobis 4 breviter ovatis apiculatis, quinto majore

concavo fimbriato.

C. Mastacanthus, Schauer in DC. Prodr, vol. xi. p. 625; Bocq. Rev. Verb. p. 110,

t. 19; Gard. Chron. vol. xxi. (1884), p. 148, tig. 30 ; Franch. et Sav. Enum.

Pl, Jap. vol. i. p. 257; Benth. Fl. Hongk. p. 268.

C. incana, Miquel Prolus. Fl. Jap. p. 29.

are ry ig sinensis, Endl. in Walp. Rep. vol. iv. p. 3; Lindl. in Bot. Reg.

’ t. y . °

Barsvta sinensis, Lour. Fl. Coch. p. 444.

Nepeta incana, Thunb. Fl, Jap. p. 244.

N. japonica, Willd. Sp. Pl. vol. iii. p. 62.

Though introduced upwards of forty years ago, and so

well worthy of cultivation, this beautiful plant has been

unknown in our gardens for many years, having been

chasséed from the greenhouse in favour of more gaudy

things. Lindley figured and described it in 1846 as ‘‘an

autumn-flowering herbaceous plant, of some importance,

because it furnishes an abundance of rich violet blossoms

at a season when that colour, never abundant, is peculiarly

rare in gardens.’ He advises its being kept in a green-

house, watered abundantly, and syringed over head twice a

day in summer, but that in consequence of the autumn

flowering, the syringing should be discontinued as soon as

the flower-buds are formed, otherwise these will be liable

to “damp off.’’ In winter very little watering is required,

nor is fire heat required, except to keep off frost.

At Kew, during the last two seasons, this Caryopteris

has flowered freely in the open air, and against a south

FEBRUARY Ist, 1885.

wall profusely. Dr. Masters calls it undoubtedly one of

the best flowering shrubs, and adds that it is hardy at

Combe Wood, but that it must not be thence inferred that

it would be so in less propitious localities. For my own

part I do not doubt that in any part of England a severe

winter would kill most plants that grow in so hot a country

as Canton, and I follow Dr. Lindley in regarding this as a

greenhouse plant.

C. Mastacanthus was introduced by Fortune from China,

where he found it wild near Canton, Chusan, and Koo-

lung-soo. We have it also from Hongkong and Foochow ;

and it is common in Southern Japan in fields, rocky places,

and on the mountains. The specimen here figured flowered

against a wall in Kew Gardens in October last. Its second

introduction is due to Mr. Veitch’s collector, Mr. Maries.

Descr. <A shrub one to five feet high; branches terete

and leaves beneath pubescent or tomentose. Leaves very

variable, one to three mches long, petioled, ovate or oblong:

ovate, or oblong-lanceolate, acute or obtuse, coarsely (rarely

finely) serrate, pubescent above, base rounded or cuneate;

petiole slender, one-quarter to three-quarters of an inch

long. Cymes in all the upper axils, peduncled, subglobose,

dense-flowered ; peduncle one to one and a half inch long,

slender ; pedicels very short. Flowers about one-sixth of

an inch long. Calyx minute, green, cleft to the middle

into lanceolate lobes. Corolla bright blue; tube longer

than the calyx, cylindric; limb one-third of an inch in

diameter, lobes spreading, four upper rounded-ovate, obtuse;

lower lip-like, twice as large, deflexed, fimbriate. Stamens

four, thrice as long as the corolla, filaments slender, strict,

diverging ; anthers minute. Ovary globose; style filiform,

stigma two-fid. Capsule four-valved, valves each folding

round a seed and falling away with it.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower; 2, the same cut vertically ; 3, stamens; 4, ovary; 5, transverse

section of ditto :—all enlarged.

Tan. 6800.

PHILLYREA ‘VILMORINIANA.

Native of Asia Minor.

Nat. Ord. Orracex.—Tribe OLEINER.

Genus PuriiyreEa, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 677.)

Puittyrra Vilmoriniana; frutex glaberrimus, foliis breviter petiolatis 5-6-polli-

caribus oblongo- v. elliptico-lanceolatis acuminatis integerrimis basi cuneatis

subtus punctulatis marginibus tenuiter recurvis, floribus ad axillas fasciculatis

pedicellis gracilibus longioribus v. brevioribus, calyce ad medium 4-lobo lobis

triangularibus acutis, corollz lobis lineari-oblongis obtusis, drupa ellipsoidea

obtusa.

P. Vilmoriniana, Boiss, et Balansa in Bal. Pl. exsice, 1866; Boiss. Fl. Orient.

vol. iv. p. 37.

P. laurifolia, Hort.

The Phillyreas have been favourites in the gardens and

shrubberies of England for nearly 300 years, since which

time at least a dozen sportive forms have been cultivated,

and usually combined under the three names of media,

latifolia, and angustifolia; these are, however, connected

by so many intermediate forms, that in the opinion of many

botanists all may be regarded as varieties of one species

that inhabits the whole Mediterranean region from Spain

to Syria, and also Armenia and Anatolia. Such being the

character and distribution of the genus as previously known,

it was no little surprise to botanists when the indefatigable

collector Bourgeau detected in 1866, in Pontus in Asia,

a Phillyrea so manifestly different from all the forms

previously known, that its claims to be regarded as a dis-

tinct species could not be disputed. Such is the present

plant, and what is of more interest to the horticulturist

is, that it is by far the most beautiful shrub of any, with

very large deep-green leaves, compared by Boissier to

those of the Portugal Laurel, and that it appears to be

perfectly hardy. Curiously enough, Dr. Masters, in the

‘‘Gardener’s Chronicle,” October, 1883, p. 494, speaking

_of it as “ P. Vilmoriensis, syn. laurifolia,” says, ‘* At a little

distance we took it to be a Portugal Laurel.”

FEBRUARY Ist, 1885. |

The exact habitat of this shrub is the mountains of the

province of Lazistan (in the ancient Pontus), on the south-

east shore of the Black Sea, above the town of Rhizé, and ~

in the valley of Khabackar, at an elevation of 3000 feet

(French). It has been in the open air at Kew for four years

uninjured, but has not flowered. The subject of our plate

was received from Mr. Anthony Waterer, and was grown in

his splendid nurseries at Knaphill, where it flowered in April

of last year.

Descr. A large leafy glabrous shrub; branches stout,

erect, covered with smooth brown bark. Leaves shortly

petioled, four to five inches long, elliptic-lanceolate,

acuminate, quite entire, very coriaceous, very dark green

_ and shining above, paler beneath with minute dots; midrib

stout, nerves very finely reticulate; base cuneate; petiole

one-quarter to one-third of an inch, stout. Flowers crowded

in the leaf-axils, white; pedicels sometimes nearly an inch

long, very unequal in length, slender, quite glabrous. Calyx

small, four-cleft to the middle; lobes triangular, erect,

acute. Corolla one-third of an inch in diameter, cleft nearly

to the base into four oblong-linear spreading and recurved

obtuse lobes. Stamens two, filaments short; anthers

linear-oblong, erect. Ovary oblong-ovoid, narrowed into a

style as long as itself, stigma small, ovoid, two-lobed.

mi a half an inch long, purplish, stigma deciduous.

~wed. D. i.

Fig. 1, Flower; 2, calyx; 3, portion of base of corolla and stamen; 4, ovary ;

5, transverse section of ditto; 6, fruit :—all but fig. 6 enlarged.

6801.

eS NGC GE ALES Sa ile eet op

Vincent Brooks Day &San inp

AB del JNEitdi lth

Tas. 6801,

CLEMATIS tusutosa, var. Hookeri.

Native of Northern China.

Nat. Ord. RanuncuLacex.—Tribe CLEMATIDER.

Genus Ciematis, Linn, ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pi. vol. i. p. 3.)

Ciematis tubulosa; herbacea v. basi lignescens, caulibus sulcatis et angulatis

pubescentibus strictis erectis, foliis 3-foliolatis, foliolis amplis oblique ovato-

rotundatis acutis dentatis rugosis glabriusculis, floribus axillaribus et in

paniculas dispositis lilacinis, perianthio tubuloso basi param ampliato, sepalis

linearibus i hapa ipathelatie acutis extus striatis sericeis, antheris linearibus

obtusis filamento subzequilongis et paullo angustioribus.

Var. Hookeri, herbacea, ramis incano-sericeis, floribus pollicaribus, sepalis linearibus

apices versus revolutis.

C. Hookeri, Dene. in Nouv. Archiv. du Mus., Ser. 2, vol. iv. p. 206, t. 11.

The Clematises of the twbulosa group are likely to prove

_a trouble to horticulturists anxious to keep a correctly

named collection of these beautiful plants; and I fear that

the efforts of my late friend M. Decaisne to divide them

(in the work quoted above) into species will not prove to be

altogether satisfactory. Only one form of the group has

hitherto been figured in this work, namely, that called

C. tubulosa, Plate 4269, and this Decaisne separates from

C. tubulosa, as C. Hookert ; fortunately he gives an admirable

plate of C. Hookeri, which precisely accords with the figure

here given ; whereas the C. tubulosa of Plate 4269 as exactly

_ (except in the obtuse anthers) accords with his C. Davidiana

(p. 205, tab. 10), also excellently well figured by him, and

differing from Hookeri in the much shorter pedicels, more

crowded axillary erect flowers, and more spathulate sepals

which are revolute from the middle, and the very acuminate

anthers (not shown in the Boranican Macazine figure of

tubulosa). Whether Davidiana is separable specifically

from tubulosa is another question. M. Maximovicz, whose

knowledge and acuteness as a systematist are of the highest

order, regards all Decaisne’s eight species as forms of one

polymorphous plant (‘‘ Melange Biologique,” in Bull. Acad.

FEBBUARY Isr, 1885,

St. Petersb. vol. ix. (1876), p. 589); and judging from

the published figures, I should think he is right. If there

is a second species, it is probably C. Davidiana, as to

which being different the reader may judge by comparing

the present plate with 4269, and I may add that the habit

of the two in the garden is not the same. Then again with

regard to var. Hookeri, the figure of it given by Decaisne

precisely accords with that given as the typical tubulosa ;—

if the names were transposed, no one could tell the differ-

ence. In the text they are separated by the stems being

herbaceous and annual in the latter, and woody at the base

in the former; to which he adds that Hookeri is the most

precocious of the group, flowering (in Paris, I presume) at

the end of February (at Kew in September !). Lastly, there

is a C. azurea, Lindl., stated to be from the Crimea (the

Tauride), of which Decaisne says that it probably is

C. Hookeriana (tubulosa, Botanican Macazive), adding that

the Tauride is given in the Botanica, Macazine as the

native country of its tubulosa. This is a curious oversight,

for in that work North China is given as the habitat, and

there is no allusion to the Crimea.

There is another branch of this group of the tubulose

Clematises which inhabits China and Japan, and of which

C. stans, Sieb. and Zucc., is the type; these have smaller

more crowded flowers of an opaline colour rather than

lilac, and usually more acuminate sepals. C. stans has

flowered at Kew, and will shortly be figured; by which

time I hope that the genus will have been revised by

Messrs. Forbes and Hemsley for a census of the plants of

China which is in preparation at Kew.

The specimen here figured is from an authentically named

plant of C. Hookeri sent to Kew by my late friend M.

Lavallée; it flowered in the open air in the end of

September.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Section of flower; 2, stamens :—doth enlarged.

Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp

.S.del. J N.Fitch ith.

Tas. 6802.

CIRRHOPETALUM PICTURATUM.

Native of Moulmein,.

Nat. Ord. ORcHIDEEZ.—Tribe EprpENDRER.

Genus CrrrHopEtaLum, Lindl. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 504.)

CiRRHOPETALUM picturatum ; pseudobulbis late ovoideis angulatis, folio breviter

petiolato lineari-oblongo basi angustato apice rotundato emarginato crasse

coriaceo luride viridi lateribus convexis, scapo valido purpureo-maculato vaginis

paucis acutis pallidis, bracteis lanceolatis pedicellis longioribus, floribus 2-polli-

caribus, sepalo dorsali parvo galeato sanguineo maculato apice filo flexuoso

instructo, lateralibus in laminam lineari-elongatam convexam acuminatam

pallide fusco-virescentem conniventibus, petalis parvis ovato-rotundatis aristato-

acuminatis intus sanguineis, labello recurvo lingueformi convexo obtuso

Sangulneo.

C. picturatum, G. Loddiges in Bot. Register, vol. xxvi. (1840), Miscell. p. 49,

n. 106; Lindi. 1. c. 1843, sub t. 49.

BuLBoPHyLLvM picturatum, Rehd. f. in Walp. Ann, vol. vi. p. 262.

It is with some hesitation that I refer the subject of this

plate to Loddiges’ C. pictwratwm, because of its much

larger size and the absence of the cilia on the upper sepal,

the acuminate lateral sepals, and the petals being neither

ciliate nor villous; itis, however, so similar to a Moulmein |

plant collected by Parish, which Reichenbach has named

picturatum, that I am disposed to regard it as a large state

of the species. The Moulmein plant is smaller, but it has

the acuminate lateral sepals of this, the sepals, petals and

_ lip are of precisely the same form, and it shows very slight

ciliation on the sepals and petals.

The Royal Gardens are indebted to Messrs. Low & Sons,

of Upper Clapton, for this well-marked species, which was

received from their collector, Mr. Richard Curnow, then in

Burma. The original plant was cultivated forty-five years

ago by the Messrs. Loddiges, who probably received it

from the Calcutta Botanical Gardens.

Descr. Pseudobulbs tufted, two to two and a half inches

long by one to one and a half inches broad, turgidly ovoid,

with three or four rather acute raised angles, very dark

FEBRUARY Ist, 1885,

green, quite smooth. Leaf solitary, three to six inches

long by one to one and a half broad, linear-oblong, con-

tracted into a short stout channelled petiole, tip rounded

and emarginate, substance very thick, dark green, deeply

grooved down the middle, each side convex with recurved

margins. Scape eight to ten inches long, ascending, then

erect, as stout as a crow-quill, green speckled with purple;

sheaths about three, distant, an inch long, tip free, erect,

acute, pale yellow-brown speckled with red. Umbel five

inches in diameter, about ten-flowered ; bracts half an inch

Jong, lanceolate, coloured like the sheaths, twice as long as

the pedicels. Flowers two inches long and upwards, lurid.

Upper sepal one-third of an inch long, erect, hooded, obtuse

with a terminal purple obscurely knobbed thread as long

as itself, dull green spotted with blood red; lateral sepals

conniving into a long linear straight convex acuminate

blade, pale dirty green, each gibbous at the back above the

base. Petals very small, rounded ovate, tip awned, coloured

like the dorsal sepal. Lip included, tongue-shaped, obtuse,

recurved, blood-red. Colwmn very short, stout, without

auricles.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower; 2, column and lip; 3, anther; 4, pollen :—all enlarged.

6805.

M.S.del JN PYbeb Wh

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Inip

Tas. 6803,

VITIS preropuora.

Native of Brazil.

Nat. Ord. AMPELIDER.

Genus Vitis, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 387.)

Vitis pterophora ; alte scandens, sparse pilosa, ramis crassis carnosis tetragonis

et tetrapteris alis undulatis, foliis longe petiolatis 3-foliolatis, foliolis amplis

sessilibus rugoso-undulatis trapezoideo- v. rhombeo-obovatis acuminatis serratis

nervis reticulatis impressis, terminali sub 3-lobo lobis lateralibus brevibus acutis

v. obtusis, lateralibus oblique v. dimidiato ovatis margine inferiore in lobum

producto, stipulis amplis late ovatis v. rotundatis ciliatis fusco-purpureis,

petiolo angusto tetrapteo, cyme pedunculate ramulis crassis divaricatis, pedi-

cellis calycibusque glandulosis, calycis depresso-globosi crassi basi intrusi ore

integerrimo, petalis 4 minutis obtusis demum solutis, disco annulari, filamentis

brevibus, stylo columnari, bacca immatura obovoidea.

V. pterophora, Baker in Mart. Fl. Bras. vol. xiv. pars 2, p. 213.

V. Gongylodes, Lynch in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xvii. p. 306, t. 15, non Baker ;

Masters in Gard. Chron. vol. xix. part 1, p. 52, fig. 8.

The enormous genus Vitis, which includes upwards of

230 known species, contains many plants of great horti-

cultural interest, notably the Grape Vine, the beautiful V.

(Cissus) discolor (Plate 4763), the Five-fingered Ivy, and

V.. (Ampelopsis) tricuspidata, the singular gouty-stemmed

vine, V. macropus (Plate 5479), and its ally, V. Bainesii

(Plate 5472). Interesting as these are, they do not surpass

the subject of the present plate, which has for several

years past attracted the attention of visitors to the Victoria

House at Kew, from its great size, handsome appearance,

and singular habits. The roots oceupy a border, and the

stout stem climbs up to the roof of the house, where its

long green and red leafy branches are trained from girder

to girder, and from whence they send down the remarkable

whipcord-like red roots, of which some reach the water of

the Victoria tank, and there form enormous brushes of

rootlets like the tail of a horse; whilst the dependent

branches are the subject of a singular growth, which and

the functions of the tendrils have been described by Mr.

MARCH Ist, 1885.

Lynch, late foreman of the house, in 4 paper communicated

to the Linnean Society of London, and quoted above.. Hach

branch bears at its extremity, after ceasing to grow for the

season, an elongated tuber, formed by the lengthening and

swelling of one or more of the subterminal internodes.

These tubers are sometimes five or even six inches long, and

as thick as the thumb; they are cylindric or club-shaped,

and shortly winged; green, fleshy, and rounded at the end,

from which protrudes the deciduous often leaf-bearing tip

of the branch. When the tuber is formed of two or more

internodes, there is always a constriction at the nodes.

Finally these tubers drop off, and on reaching the ground

will form new plants under favourable circumstances. No

exact counterpart to this structure has been observed in.

the vegetable kingdom. The tendrils are no less curious.

These are very slender, and repeatedly forked. At the tip

of each branch a small adhesive disk is formed, as in the

five-fingered ivy and some other climbing plants; though

in these they are not generally developed until the tendril

has reached a point of support. On reaching a support

the disks adhere to it and enlarge greatly, and in the case

of the support admitting of it, the tendril clasps it closely,

and secretes from its surface a viscid tissue that glues it to

the support. Thus the tendrils exhibit three modes of

attachment, by clasping, by the disks, and by the adhesive

tissue.

Vitis pterophora is a native of Brazil, where it was dis-

covered early in the century by the traveller and botanist

Burchell growing on the banks of the Tocantins River, an

affluent of the Amazons. Dried specimens have also been

sent from the Province of Rio de Janeiro by M. Glaziou,

and from the Botanical Gardens of Jamaica. It flowers

at Kew in the autumn months. Fruit formed in the

Cambridge Botanical Gardens very sparingly, and did not

ripen.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower; 2, the same with the petals removed; 3, petals before they

separate; 4 and 5, stamens; 6, vertical section of ovary ; 7, unripe berry ; 8 and 9,

unripe seeds :—all but figs. 7 and 8 enlarged.

Tas. 6804.

DIOSCOREA CRINITA.

Native of Natal.

Nat. Ord. DioscorgacrZ.

Genus Dioscorga, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gea. Pi. vol. iii. p. 742.)

Dioscorra crinita; tota molliter pubescens v. puberula, ramulis gracillimis

teretiusculis, foliis longe petiolatis 5-foliolatis, foliolis petiolulatis elliptico-

lanceolatis oblongis v. oblanceolatis obtusis v. acutis apice longe cuspidatis

integerrimis vy. margine sinuatis, racemis axillaribus solitariis v. fasciculatis v.

ad apices ramulorum subpaniculatis breviter pedunculatis gracilibus niveis

villosis bracteis imbricatis stipitatis ovatis concavis apicibus acuminatis

elongatis recurvis, fl. ¢ sepalis ovatis subacutis 3 exterioribus villosis 3

interioribus glabris, filamentis brevibus, antheris sepalis exterioribus oppositis

didymis connectivo dorso carunculato cum staminodiis trulliformibus sepalis

interioribus oppositis alternantibus, pistilli rudimento subclavato, fl. 2 ovario

ellipsoideo tomentoso, sepalis 6 minutis obtusis, staminodiis minimis, stigmatibus

3 brevibus recurvis.

As trained on a balloon trellis, this forms one of the

most elegant conceivable pot-plants, from its delicate pale-

green translucent foliage and copious snow-white pendulous

racemes. Itisanative of Natal, where it was first collected

by the late W. T. Gerrard, and is the No. 445 of his

distributed collection. It has also been received from Mr.

J. M. Wood, now Superintendent of the Natal Botanical

Gardens, who collected it in the bush at Umhloti, flowering

in February, 1882. It has two closely allied South African

neighbours, J). retusa, Masters (in Gard. Chron. 1870,

p. 1149, fig. 217), from the country west of Natal, which

has broader retuse leaves, and much smaller male bracts

and flowers, and D. Forbesti, Baker, of Delagoa Bay, which

has similar bracts, but sessile leaflets.

For the plant here figured the Royal Gardens are

indebted to Mrs. Eliza Steane, of New House Park, Rick-

mansworth, Herts, who sent it in full flower and great

beauty, September, 1884. The female flowers here figured

are from the Herbarium specimens; the fruit is unknown.

MancH Ist, 1885.

Descr. A slender graceful climber, clothed everywhere

with soft white pubescence; branches very slender.

Leaves long-petioled; leaflets five, two to three inches

long, petiolulate, elliptic-lanceolate or oblanceolate, obtuse,

acute or acuminate, with a long setaceous mucro, very

membranous and delicate, pale green, pubescent on both

surfaces, outer margin of outer pair sometimes lobed;

petiole very slender, one to two inches long; petiolules a

quarter to half an inch. Lacemes very numerous, solitary

or several in the leaf-axils, and forming a panicle at the

end of the branches, shortly peduncled, very slender, two

to three and a half inches long, pendulous, snow-white,

tomentose; bracts imbricate, one-third of an inch long, of

the male stipitate, of the female sessile, ovate, concave,

with a subulate recurved tip. Mats rt. half the length of

the bract. Sepals six, ovate, subacute, three outer tomen-

tose, three inner glabrous. Stamens, three perfect opposite

the outer sepals, with short filaments and didymous

anthers, alternating with three larger trowel-shaped stami-

nodes; connective of perfect anthers broad behind and

carunculate. Pistil rudimentary, columnar, but enlarged in ~

the upper half, tip three-fid. Frmane rt. Ovary ellipsoid,

tomentose. Sepals very minute, obtuse. Staminodes most

minute. Stigmas three, short, recurved.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Portion of ¢ raceme; 2, ¢ flower; 3, outer sepal and stamen; 4, back

of anther, showing the carunculate connective; 5, inner sepal and staminode; 6,

rudimentary pistil; 7, portion of Q raceme; 8, bract and 9 flower; 9, outer

sepal and staminode ; 10, top of ovary and stigmas; 11, inner sepal and stami-

nodes :—all but fig. 7 enlarged.

Vincent Brooks Day & Son bap

vith.

MS.del, INF:

TReeve & C? London.

Tas. 6805.

SOLIDAGO DrumMonpil.

Native of Eastern North America.

Nat. Ord. Compositm.—Tribe ASTEROIDEX.

Genus Sorrpaco, Linn. ; (Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 256.)

Sortrpaco {Virgaurea) Drummondii; puberula, caule 3-5-pedali ramoso folioso,

foliis breviter petiolatis ellipticis utrinque acutis argute serratis 3-nerviis

utrinque puberulis superioribus sensim minoribus ovatis integerrimis v.

denticulatis summis interfloralibus parvis oblongis obtusis integerrimis, inflores-

centie ramis racemiformibus vy. paniculatis, capitulis secundis, involucri

glabriusculi squamis erectis lineari-oblongis obtusis, fl. radii 4-5 parvis disci

5-6, achenio puberulo, pappo brevi.

8. Drummondii, Zorr. e¢ Gr. Fl. N. Am. vol. ii. p. 217; Gray, Synopt. Fl. N.

Am, vol. i. part ii, p. 159.

S. ulmifolia, Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. vol. i. p. 97 (not of Nuttall).

It is a singular fact, that large as the genus Solidago is,

numbering between seventy and eighty species, all adapted

for garden outdoor culture, and most useful as being

amongst the latest flowering of autumnal plants, but one

(S lanceolata, Tab. 2546) has been figured amongst the

6800 plates hitherto published in the BoranicaL Macazine.

This is no doubt due to the undeserved neglect which plants

too nearly resembling our native ones often experience in

gardens. The Solidagos, for instance, all bear a general

resemblance to our common Golden Rod, 8S. Virga-aurea,

which is considered too common for horticultural purposes,

though very beautiful in itself, and especially worthy of a

place in suburban gardens, where colours at a later season

are so greatly needed. Our grandfathers were wiser in

their generation, for no less than thirty species are enume-

rated in the “Hortus Kewensis”’ as cultivated in England, of

which about half, together with more than as many more,

are now growing in the herbaceous grounds at Kew (where

there are in all thirty-four species, with several varieties).

S. Drummondii is a native of the warmer States of

MARCH Ist, 1885.

North America, from South-West Illinois and Missouri to

Louisiana. The Kew plant was communicated by Professor

Sargent from the Harvard University (U.S.) Botanical

Garden in 1878. It is perfectly hardy at Kew, and grows

much taller than any native specimens that I have seen,

but the heads are more scattered. It flowers throughout

October.

Descr. A tall, branching, erect, herbaceous perennial,

attaining five feet in cultivation, with stems as thick as a

swan’s quill, puberulous, terete, striate, leafy all the way

up, and terminating in a profusion of panicled racemes of

secund small heads. Leaves three to four inches long,

shortly petioled, elliptic, acute at both ends, sharply serrate,

three-nerved from a considerable way above the base,

puberulous on both surfaces, bright green ; upper gradually

smaller, more ovate, entire or serrulate, uppermost (amongst

the heads) small, one-third to one-half of an inch long,

variable, elliptic oblong or ovate, obtuse or acute, quite

entire. Heads one-third of an inch long, few-flowered;

involucre cylindric, of erect linear-oblong nearly glabrous

green bracts. ay-flowers five or six, deeply three-toothed ;

disk-flowers rather more numerous. Achenes puberulous;

pappus scanty.—J. D. H. :

Fig. 1, Ray-flower; 2, disk-flower; 3, hairs of pappus; 4, style-arms of ray-

flower; 5, stamens of disk- flower ; 6, stigma of ditto :—all enlarged.

_MS. del, IN-Eitav ith.

LReeve*&C° London.

6806 .

Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp

Se ae ne en ee ee ee eee

Tas. 6806.

NEVIUSA ALABAMENSIS.

Native of Alabama.

Nat. Ord. Rosacrz.—Tribe Sprrmacex.

Genus Neviusa, A. Gray; (Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 613.)

Neviusa alabamica ; frutex ramulis gracilibus puberulis, foliis alternis breviter

petiolatis ovatis v. oblongo-ovatis acuminatis basi rotundatis serratis v. dupli-

ceato-serrulatis membranaceis utrinque puberulis, stipulis parvis liberis, floribus

subpaniculatim corymbosis, pedunculis pedicellisque gracillimis, sepalis foliaceis

inciso-serratis, petalis 0, staminibus multiseriatis sepalis longioribus capil-

laribus niveis, antheris parvis, carpellis 2-4 parvis sericeis stylis capillaribus,

stigmatibus obtusis.

N. alabamensis, A. Gray in Proc. Amer. Acad, Nat. Sc. vol. iv. p. 99; Mem.

Acad, N.S. vol. vi. p. 374, t. 30; Chapm. Fl. S. U. States, p. 121; Baill.

Hist. Pl. vol. i. p. 393; Maximov. Adnot. de Spireac. p. 139.

Neviusa is one of the rarest plants of the United States,

being, in so far as hitherto known, confined to the State of

Alabama, and there to some shaded cliffs near Tuscaloosa,

where it was discovered by the Rey. R. D. Nevius, after

whom Gray named the genus. The affinities of the genus

have been variously considered. A Gray, its founder,

referred it to the neighbourhood of Kerria in the tribe

Rubew, from which tribe, as defined by me in the ‘“* Genera

Plantarum,”’ both these genera differ in their solitary ovules,

and I placed both in the tribe Spirwacee of LRosacex.

Maximovicz, in his able and elaborate revision of the

Spireacee, rejects both from this latter group, and agrees

with Gray in referring them to Rubee.

Neviusa flowered at Kew in May, 1883; the plant was

nailed against a wall exposed to the Hast, and presented a

very beautiful appearance from the abundance of its snow-

white feathery blossoms. Considering the climate and

position of its native country, I should doubt its being

hardy. It has been received at Kew from several con-

tributors, notably a living plant from Professor Sargent,

MARCH Ist, 1885.

of Cambridge, U.S., in 1879, and another from F. Miles,

Esq., in 1881, the flowers from whose plant are here

figured. :

Descr. A slender shrub, with cylindric branches and

very slender puberulous leafy branchlets. Leaves alternate,

petioled, one and a half to three and a half inches long,

membranous, pale green, ovate or oblong-ovate, acute

or acuminate, usually doubly serrulate, puberulous with

scattered hairs on both surfaces; nerves very slender;

petiole slender, a quarter to half an inch long; stipules

‘setaceous, free. Flowers one inch in diameter across

the spreading stamens, in terminal sessile subpaniculate

corymbs, peduncles and pedicels very slender. Calyx-tube

very small; lobes five, half an inch long, oblong or obovate-

oblong, deeply toothed, acute or obtuse, green, spreading,

nerved, puberulous. Corolla none. Stamens very nume-

rous, in many series, seated on a narrow disk; filaments

straight, capillary, white; anthers very small, yellow.

Carpels two to four, minute, globose, pubescent; style

lateral, filiform, stigma obtuse—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Side branch with larger leaf; 2, flower with stamens removed; 3, top of

filament and anther ; 4, carpel ; 5, vertical section of ditto :—all but fig. 1 enlarged.

Tas, 6807.

CITRUS mepica, var. Riversii.

The Bijou Lime.

Nat. Ord. Ruracrz.— Tribe AURANTIEX.

Genus Citrus, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 305.)

Citrus medica, Linn., vide Tab. 6745.

Var. Riversii ; frutex inermis v. pauci-spinosa glaberrima, ramulis gracilibus tere-

tibus, foliis 2-3-pollicaribus breviter petiolatis ellipticis acutis serrulatis vy.

obscure crenatis, basi acutis, nervis utrinque 7-10 gracilibus parallelis, petiolo

brevi aptero, floribus pro genere parvulis subiinis albis 5-meris, fructu parvo

1 poll. diametro globoso v. subgloboso mamillato, cortice tenui aureo v. aurantiaco

glandulis non aut vix depressis, pulpa pallida acidissima et subamara.

River’s Bijou Lemon, Masters in Gard. Chron. N.S. vol. v. p. 690, f. 123.

Under a very full description of the West Indian Lime,

which I gave in this Magazine last year (Tab. 6745), I

alluded to the fruit of the ‘*‘ Bijou Lemon,” figured without

a history in the ‘Gardener’s Chronicle,’ as belonging to

the same variety. Specimens of this, with leaf, flower, and

fruit, subsequently communicated to me by its possessors,

Messrs. Rivers, of Sawbridgeworth, prove that it is a

totally different variety, and that it adds another to the

great host of forms of the Citrus medica, though still

referable to what I regard as the Limes in contradistinction

to the Lemons. From the West Indian the Bijou Lime

differs in the few spines (our specimen is spineless), the

elliptic smoother leaves with very numerous parallel regu-

larly placed nerves (too strongly defined by far in our

Plate), the wingless petioles, and in the smaller more

globose higher coloured fruit, which has a distinctly bitter

flavour superadded to the acid; the peel, too, is not so

fragrant. I have in vain searched through the fine work

of Risso and Poiteau for this Lime, but find nothing that

agrees with it in fruit and leaf.

The Royal Gardens are indebted to Messrs. Rivers of —

Sawbridgeworth for a most interesting and instructive —

MARCH Ist, 1885. 3

selection of the numerous varieties of Orange, Lime, and

Lemon which they have long cultivated with such great

success, and to them I owe the flowering specimen and

fruit of the Bijou Lime here represented. Mr. T. F. Rivers,

to whom I applied to be informed of its origin, tells me

that it was received from St. Michael’s (Azores) many

years ago, with other sorts of Oranges and Lemons, but

with no special history attached to it. J may here add in

respect of this interesting class of plants that Mr. Rivers

finds that the bitter Orange will not hybridize with the

sweet, nor the Limes and Lemons with the Orange; and

that the produce of the attempts to cross the Tangerine

with the St. Michael’s has shown no sign of variation in

the foliage, though now eight or ten years old. No fruit,

however, has in this case yet been borne, for seedling

oranges require about twenty years to develope into fruit-

fulness. On the other hand, Darwin (Cross and Self-

Fertilization of Plants, p. 394) says that he has collected

evidence on the natural crossing of varieties of the orange,

and cites the authority of Gallesio for the fact.

Fig. 1, Portion of leaf; 2, flower with corolla removed ; 3 and 4, stamens; 5,

portion of cortex of fruit; 6, young seed :—all enlarged.

6808

Vincent Brooks D ay & Son hnp

JANPitch. Irth.

M.S. del

APRIL Ist, 1885.

Tas. 6808,

DRACONTIUM FECUNDUM.

Native of British Guiana.

Nat. Ord. AnorpEx.—Tribe OronTIEZ.

Genus Dracontium, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 995.)

Dracontium (Eudracontium) fecundum; tuber tuberculis perplurimis confertis

epigzis fusiformibus cinctum, folii hysteranthii lamina tripartita, segmentis

interruptim pinnatis v. pinnatifidis, pinnis polymorphis aliis minutis obtusis aliis

majoribus lanceolatis ovato-lanceolatisve sessilibus v. basi decurrentibus inzqui-

lateris undulatis lobatisve v. immo pinnatifidis, petiolo griseo albo-marmorato,

pedunculo scaberulo griseo-purpureo, spatha 5-pollicari lineari-oblonga costata

brunnea intus saturate purpurea, vertice incurvo acuminato, spadice spatha

ter breviore cylindracea obtusa, perianthii foliolis 6 spathulatis, staminibus 6,

stylo elongato stigmate simplici.

This noble Aroid is evidently a congener of Dracontiuwm

(Godwinia) Gigas (Tab. 6048) and of D. Carderi (Tab.

6523), from both of which it differs in floral characters and

in the profusion of bulbils produced on the tuber. These

completely surround the parent organ, and rising from

its whole circumference form a broad dense girdle of brown

egg-like bodies with dark acute tips.

D. fecundum was discovered by W. HE. E. Thurn, Esq.

(now Stipendiary Magistrate at Pomeroon in British

Guiana, and formerly Curator of the Museum at George

Town) during an expedition to the Corentyn River in

1880, and who sent tubers to Kew, where they flowered

in March, 1882, and produced leaves in the following

January. The leaf of this species, like its congeners,

has a grand appearance, the petiole attaining six feet in

height, with an umbrella-like blade quite four feet in

diameter.

Descr. Tubers surrounded by a profusion of spindle-

shaped acute bulbils which rise above the ground and form

a dense girdle round the base of the peduncle and petiole.

Leaf solitary, produced after the flower; peduncle six feet

high, sparsely minutely tubercled, terete above, below

semiterete, the flat surface having three obtuse ridges,

dirty white mottled with grey; lamina four to five feet in

diameter, horizontal with drooping leaflets, three-partite,

each segment narrowly winged and bearing several pairs of

very irregularly formed leaflets, some very small and

obtuse; larger leaflets two to five inches long, finely

acuminate, free or confluent at their base, lanceolate or

ovate-lanceolate, unequal-sided, margins undulate or lobed

or the larger pinnatifid, Peduncle with purple obtuse basal

sheaths, erect, two to three feet high, as thick as the little

finger, terete, minutely tubercled, pale purplish brown.

Spathe five inches high, erect, narrowly cylindric-oblong,

with a decurved acuminate tip, dull brown, faintly ribbed,

open to the base, inner surface dark vinous purple. Spadir

one-third the length of the spathe, subsessile, erect,

cylindric, obtuse, blueish brown, dense-flowered. Perianth-

segments six, spathulate with concave incurved tips.

Stamens six, anthers exserted, oblong. Ovary subglobose,

with a stout far-exserted style and minute papillose stigma;

ovules attached above the base of the cells.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Tuber and bulbils (ha/f natural size); 2, petiole and segment of leaf _

(one-third of the natural size); 3, portion of petiole (of the natural size); 4,

inflorescence ; 5, spadix (of the natural size) ; 6, two flowers seen from above; 7, —

flower; 8, the same with the anthers. protruded ; 9 and 10, back and front views of

perianth-segments; 11 and 12, front and back views of anthers; 13, ovary; 14,

vertical section of ditto :—all enlarged. ee

‘ ent Brooks Day & Son Imp

M §.del.J.N Fitch bth

JT Reowm & (°C TAndann

Tas. 6809.

ANTHERICUM secneanpiorpes.

Native probably of Mexico.

Nat. Ord. Lintacrm.—Tribe AsPHODELER.

Genus AntHERIcUM, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen, Pl. vol. iii. p. 788.)

ANTHERICUM (Hesperanthes) echeandioides ; fibris radicalibus cylindricis carnosis,

foliis basalibus productis 5-6 lanceolatis sessilibus membranaceis subpedalibus

glabris margine undulatis, pedunculo foliis longiore bracteis 2-3 lanceolatis

membranaceis erectis amplexicaulibus predito, racemo laxissimo simplici,

floribus geminis, pedicellis cernuis medio articulatis, bracteis ovato-lanceolatis,

perianthio luteo segmentis dorso venis 3 sejugatis viridulis percurso, exterioribus

oblanceolato-oblongis, interioribus obovato-oblongis, staminibus perianthio

paulo brevioribus, filamentis hispidis, antheris lanceolatis, ovario oblongo, stylo

ovario longiore, stigmate capitato.

Echeandia eleutherandra, K. Koch in Hort. Berol. inedit.

The present plant was flowered for the first time at Kew

in November, 1883. It was received not long before from

Mr. R. J. Lynch, of the Cambridge Botanic Garden, and is

probably a native of Mexico. We have no wild specimens in

the Herbarium that correspond to it, but within a few days of

the time when it flowered at Kew it was brought from the

Berlin Garden for determination by Herr Vatke, with the

_information that it was grown there under the unpublished

name of Hceheandia eleutherandra, K. Koch. The principal

character in which Hcheandia differs from Anthericum is in

its syngenesious stamens, so that it properly should be

classified under the latter genus, but otherwise, in habit,

leaf, and the size and colour of the flower, it closely resem-

bles Echeandia terniflora, which has been cultivated in

European gardens from the beginning of the present

century, and is figured in Redonte’s Liliacew (Tab. 313).

_ Desor. Moot-fibres densely tufted, cylindrical. Produced

leaves five or six, confined to the base of the stem, lanceolate,

about a foot long, bright green, glabrous, membranous, an

inch or an inch and a quarter broad at the middle, narrowed

gradually to an acute point, deeply channelled and clasping

APRIL Ist, 1885.

the stem towards the base, undulated towards the margin,

especially in the lower half. Peduncle simple, terete, above

a foot long, furnished only with two or three small clasping

lanceolate membranous bract-leaves below the inflorescence.

Raceme simple, very lax, under a foot long; flowers bright

yellow, arranged in pairs; pedicels cernuous, a quarter or

half an inch long, articulated below the middle; bracts

ovate-lanceolate, membranous, longer than the pedicels.

Perianth three-quarters of an inch long; segments with a

keel of three greenish ribs; outer segments oblanceolate-

oblong, inner obovate-oblong, a third of an inch broad.

Stamens shorter than the perianth-segments; filaments

fiiform, hispid; anthers linear-oblong, versatile, shorter

than the filaments. Ovary sessile, elliptical; style straight,

longer than the ovary; stigma capitate. Fruit a loculicidal

capsule.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, A stamen, front view; 2,a stamen, back view; 3, pistil, complete; 4,

horizontal section of the ovary :—all more or less enlarged.

Tas. 6810.

CLEMATIS STANS.

Native of Japan.

Nat. Ord. RanuncvuLtacem.—Tribe CLEMATIDER.

Genus Ciematis, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 3.)

CLEMATIS stans ; herbacea, molliter pubescens, caulibus sulcatis et angulatis strictis

erectis, foliis 3-foliolatis, foliolis amplis oblique ovato-rotundatis acutis grosse

dentatis v. sublobatis rugosis superioribus angustioribus, floribus subverti-

cillatim confertis pendulis opalinis, verticillis in paniculum contractam termi-

nalem dispositis, sepalis linearibus acuminatis extus sericeo-velutinis apicibus

recurvis, antheris linearibus filamento subequilongis.

C. stans, Sieb. and Zucc. Fl. Jap. Fam. Nat. i. 69; Franchet and Savat, En.

Pl. Jap. vol. i. p.2; Regel, Gartenfl. t. 357.

C. Kousabotan, Dene. in Nouv. Archiv. du Mus. Ser. ii. vol. iv. p. 208, t. 13.

Under C. tubulosa, var. Hookeri (Tab. 6801), I announced

the forthcoming of a plate of C. stans, expressing at the

same time my hope that the history of the group of

Travellers’-joys to which it belongs, might, before its publi-

cation, be cleared up by Messrs. Forbes and Hemsley in

their forthcoming census of the plants of China. These

botanists now inform me that they follow Maximovicz in

considering all the so-called species of this group (0.

tubulosa, Turez (Tab. 4269), Davidiana, Dene., Hookeri,

Dene. (Tab. 6801), C. stans, S. and Z., C. Kousabotan,

Dene., C. Lavallei, Dene., and C. Savatieri, Dene.) as

varieties of one, and that one the old C. heracleefolia, DC.

(Syst. Pl. i. 158; Prodr.i. 3), a native of China, and of

which, therefore, many forms are now known to occur in

Japan. Whilst quite ready to subscribe to this opinion of

regarding C. heracleewfolia as an aggregate species, I may

point out that it seems to me to present five principal types,

three of which are characteristically figured in this work,

namely, 1. The Chinese (. tubulosa, .Turez (Davidiana,

Dene.) ; erect, with axillary broad deep blue flowers, the

sepals of which are revolute from far below the middle, _

APRIL Ist, 1885. ;

exposing the anthers. 2. The C. tubulosa, var. Hookeri

(C. tubulosa, and CO. Hookeri, Dene.) ; erect, with long blue

chiefly axillary flowers and perianth-lobes revolute from far

above the middle. 3. C. stans, 8. and Z. (C. stans, and

Kousabotan, Dene.) ; erect, with terminal racemes of much

smaller paler blue flowers in whorl-like fascicles—this

closely resembles a drawing of the original specimen of

C. heracleefolia in the British Museum, made by Mr.

Forbes and shown me by Mr. Hemsley. 4. C. Lavallet,

Dene.; erect, with flowers in loose spreading terminal

almost leafless panicles, hardly at all whorled. 5. C.

Savatieri, Dene.; climbing, with much stouter stems,

peduncles and pedicels, and panicled. flowers not in whorls.

Referring to the Herbarium, I think that these types are

recognizable, but united by varieties that render it impos-

sible to regard them as distinct species. :

Our figure of C. stans is taken from a plant so named by

M. Decaisne, and sent to Kew by the late lamented Mr.

Lavallée; it flowered in the end of September in the open

border.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Vertical section of flower; 2, stamens; 3, pistil; 4, single carpel:—

all enlarged.

6817

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp

A.B. del IN. Fitch’ fh

TL Reeve & C° London.

Tan. 6811.

CHUSQUEA apntertrorta.

Native of Jamaica.

Nat. Ord. Graminem.—Tribe Bampusex.

Genus Cuusqunra, Kunth ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. iii. p. 1209.)

CavsQuEa abietifolia ; culmis gracilibus alte scandentibus ramosis, ramulis foliosis

subverticillatim fasciculatis, foliis parvis distichis rigidis lineari-lanceolatis

acuminatis subtiliter serrulatis, vaginis ciliatis, ligula nulla, racemis brevibus

paucifloris subsimplicibus nutantibus, rachi gracillima scaberula, spiculis

lanceolatis, glumis 2 inferioribus parvis ovatis cuspidatis, gluma florente

oblongo-lanceolata aristata 7-nervi, palea glume florenti «quilonga lineari-

oblonga 6-nervi apice 4-cuspidata, lodiculis 3.

C. abietifolia, Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind., p. 529.

Arvunpo, No. 5, P. Browne, Hist. Jamaic., p. 139.

This very interesting and graceful little Bamboo is con-

fined to the mountainous interior of the Island of Jamaica,

where it climbs the loftiest trees, and its pendulous branches

form feathery masses of great beauty. It is mentioned in

Browne’s “ History of Jamaica,” but I can trace no allusion

to it in Sloane’s great work. Plants of it have been intro-

duced into Kew, first by Mr. Jenman, when in charge of

the Castleton Botanical Gardens (in Jamaica), and again

by Mr. Morris, the Director of Public Gardens in that

island. The plants sent by the latter grew well, and

promised to be a charming addition to the Tropical

Garden, when they, in December last, suddenly burst into —

flower, since which they have thrown off much of their

foliage, causing me to fear that, after the manner of so

many species of the most remarkable tribe of grasses to

which it belongs, they may not survive the flowering

period. A careful examination of the inflorescence shows

that this differs both from the generic character attributed

to the genus Chusquea, and to the specific character given

by Grisebach. According to Kunth’s description of the

genus, as drawn up from South American species, there

should be within the two outer short empty glumes two

_ other empty ones similar to the flowering and appressed

APRIL Ist, 1885,

to it. According to Grisebach’s description of C. abietifolia,

only one exists between the two lower empty and the

flowering glume. In our specimen there is none at all!

‘In other words, Kunth describes (in American species) four

empty glumes; Grisebach (in this species) three, whereas _

in our specimens there are only two. Unfortunately there

are no native flowering specimens in the Kew Herbaria;

and as Grisebach’s only specimens were three flowerless

ones collected by Wilson, and preserved in the then

Hookerian Herbarium, I am at a loss to know the source

of his description. ;

From the native specimens, the cultivated differ only in

the leaves being much smaller, as may be seen by com-

paring fig. 12 with those on the specimen represented.

Duscr. A very slender much-branched climbing bamboo,

with flexuous wiry terete smooth stems; leafy branches

four to eight inches long, whorled, spreading and drooping.

Leaves half to three-quarters of an inch long by one-twelfth

of an inch wide (one and a half inch long by one-sixth of an

inch wide in native specimens), strict, rigid, sessile on the

sheath, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, many-nerved, margin

cartilaginous minutely serrulate, pale green, glaucous

beneath ; sheath ciliate; ligule none. Racemes terminating

the leafy branches, half an inch long, very slender, with

three to six pendulous pedicelled spikelets, rachis and pedi-

cels scabrid, capillary. Spikelets a quarter to one-third of an

inch long, lanceolate, green and purple; two outer glumes

half the length of the flowering, ovate, acuminate, nerves

and margins above scabrid, outer five- inner three-nerved.

Flowering glume oblong-lanceolate, seven-nerved, tip

awned, upper margin ciliate. Pale as long, but six-nerved,

and four-toothed at the tip. Scales three, very variable in

size and form, two lateral ovate or lanceolate, ciliate ;

dorsal shorter, ciliate or not. Stamens as long as the

flowering glume; anthers very large, linear-oblong, yellow.

Ovary glabrous. Styles two short, one free feathery, pro-

truded at the sides of the spikelet.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Two spikelets; 2 and 3, outer empty glumes; 4, flowering glumes; 5,

palea ; 6 and 7, lateral scales ; 8 and 9, different forms of dorsal scale; 10, ovary 5

11, top of vagina of leaf; 12, leaves of native specimen :—all but fig. 12 much

enlarged.

See ee

Vincent Brooks Day & Son knp

Reeve & C° London.

Tas. 6812,

SALVIA GREGGII.

Native of New Mezico.

Nat. Ord. Lasratz.—Tribe Monarpex.

Genus Satvia, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. ii. p. 1194.)

Satvia (Calosphace) Greggii; fruticosa, glabra vy. puberula, ramulis gracilibus

Soke ge foliosis, foliis subsessilibus crassiusculis densissime glanduloso-punctatis

ineari-oblongis obtusis integerrimis basi angustatis, racemis ramulos termi-

nantibus paucifloris glanduloso-puberulis, calycis angusti campanulati dentibus

tubo striato equilongis, corolle coccinese tubo exserto fauce modice inflato, ore

contracto, labio superiore brevi obtuso, inferiore multo majore dilatato 3-lobo

lobis lateralibus parvis orbiculatis, medio transverse oblongo 2-lobo, connectivi

limbo inferiore lineari-oblongo. ‘

S. Greggii, A. Gray in Proc. Amer. Acad. vol. viii. p. 369, and Synopt. Fl. N.

Am. vol. ii. part i. p. 368.

8. microphylla, Torrey, Bot. Mer. Bound. p. 131, not of H. B. K.

The plant here figured is a member of one of the largest

sections of Salvia, Calosphace, which indeed claims to be

considered a sub-genus, and was regarded by Moench as a

genus (under the name of Jungia). All are American, and

not a few are amongst the most attractive of conservatory

and greenhouse plants. Upwards of a dozen are figured

in this Magazine, as S. elegans (Tab. 6448), S. rubescens

(Tab. 5947), S. cacaliefolia (Tab. 5274), and the superb

blue half-hardy S. patens (Tab. 3808), which last is the

only one that has continued in general cultivation ;—so

transitory are the favourites of horticulturists. 1t remains

to be seen whether S. Greggii will obtain a more permanent

recognition, which its great (but not greater) beauty and

facility of culture should secure for it.

S. Greggit is a native of mountains in Northern Mexico,

east of Saltillo, at an elevation of 10,000 feet, where it was

discovered by Dr. J. Gregg in 1848-9. It was first flowered

in England by Mr. W. Thompson, of Ipswich, the introducer

of its near ally, 8S. porphyrata (Tab. 4939); and latterly

APRIL lst, 1885.

beautiful specimens were received from Mr. Lynch, of the

Cambridge Botanical Garden, from which the accompanying

drawing was taken in October last.

Descr. A small slender obscurely puberulous shrub,

about three feet high, with an erect stem, 4-angled brown

branches, and drooping leafy branchlets which turn up

their flowering tips (that this is ever the habit of the plant

in its native country is, however, improbable, and is not

confirmed by any of the indigenous specimens in the

Herbarium). eaves one to one and a half inch long, sub-

sessile, linear-oblong, obtuse, narrowed at the base, rather

thick, with faint nerves, closely gland-dotted, rather dull

pale green. Racemes two inches long, six- to eight-flowered,

glandular-puberulous; pedicels shorter than the calyx.

Calyx narrowly campanulate; lips half to one-third the

length of the tube, lanceolate, acute, nearly straight.

Corolla carmine, tube twice as long as the calyx, throat

ventricose,- mouth contracted; upper lip short, oblong,

obtuse, pubescent and glandular, lower much larger, nearly

three-fourths of an inch broad, three-lobed, lateral lobes

small, orbicular; midlobe transversely oblong, two-lobed,

lobules rounded. Anthers with the lower arm of the con-

nective linear-oblong, auricled at the base. Style villous

on the upper side below the stigmatic arm.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Calyx; 2, stamen; 3 and 4, back and front views of the anther-cell; 5,

end of style and stigmas ; 6, disk and ovary :—all enlarged.

Tas. 6818.

PHILODE NDRON Gtaziovit.

Native of Brazil.

Nat. Ord. ArorIpEZ.—Tribe Paropaepien:

Genus PHInopENDRON, Schott ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. iii. p. 978.)

PaHILopENDRON Glaziovii ; caule scandente robusto, foliis distichis alternis longe

petiolatis lineari-oblongis acuminatis basi cuneatis crasse coriaceis luride

viridibus subtus pallidioribus, costa crassa superae planiuscula, nervis arcuatis

copiosis marginem attingentibus, petiolo teretiusculo, vagina inconspicua,

spathis apicem versus caulis axillaribus breviter crasse pedunculatis reclinatis

expansis apice roundatis et apiculatis oblongis stramineis tubo brevi intus

sanguineo, spadice sessili erecto spathe equilongo sed haud incluso cylindraceo

_ sensim attenuato subacuto, inflorescentia foeminea mascula multo breviore,

ovario 6-8-loculari, stigmate sessili pulvinari, ovulis 3-5-basilaribus.

This fine species does not accord with the description of

any in Engler’s monograph of the Aroidee. Nor does it

fit well into any of his ten sections of the genus, though I

suppose it should be referred to the rather heterogeneous

assemblage which compose that called Baursia by Reichen-

bach the elder, and which Schott subdivided under the

names Canniphyllum and Gilossophyllum. It appears to me

to be very nearly allied to P. Linnwi, Kunth, a native of

Para and Dutch Guiana, which is described as having

somewhat similar leaves with equal lateral nerves, and a

white spathe with a red tube, but which differs in having

only two-ovuled cells, and in the female inflorescence being

only half as short as the male.

P. Glaziovii was sent together with no fewer than

seventy species of Aroids to the Royal Gardens by Senr.

A. Glaziou, Director of Public and Imperial Gardens at Rio

de Janeiro, of which country it is presumably a native;

and I have named it in compliment to that able and zealous

officer, whose contributions to the establishment of Kew,

of both living plants and Herbarium specimens, have been

of very great extent and high value,in both a botanical

and horticultural point of view. There is nowhere to be

may Ist, 1885.

seen such a collection of tropical American tree-ferns as _

now adorns the wing of the Tropical Fern House at Kew;

‘and for these we are indebted to Senr. Glaziou’s knowledge

of what to send, and how to send them. ;

P. Glaziovii was received in 1880, and flowered in May,

1883, in the Aroid House at Kew.

Descr. A climbing aroid, with a stem as thick as the

thumb, and now five feet high, leafy from the base, as

yet unbranched, and rooting from the base of every leaf

against a damp wall. Leaves alternate, distichous, eighteen

inches long by three to five inches broad, linear-oblong,

acute, coriaceous, midrib flat above, prominent beneath;

nerves all very slender, arching from the midrib, crowded

and reaching the narrowly cartilaginous margin, petiole

rather shorter than the blade, terete, slightly flattened

above, nearly as thick as the little finger; sheath very

short. Spathes axillary, shortly stoutly peduncled, six to

seven inches long, by two and a half to three broad,

straight, reclinate, oblong, concave, apiculate, greenish-

yellow externally, straw-coloured within, scarlet within

the short thick convolute tube; margins above recurved.

Spadix as long as the spathe, sessile, wholly exserted

beyond the tube, strict, cylindric, under half an inch in

diameter, slightly tapering upwards; male inflorescence

four times as long as the female, lower half with perfect,

upper with imperfect anthers. Ovary shortly oblong, six- to

eight-celled ; stigma sessile, pulvinate. Ovules four to five,

erect from the base of each cell, anatropous.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Reduced figure of the whole plant; 2 and 3, male flowers; 4, imperfect

ditto ; 5, female flowers ; 6, tr aks . : a

all but fig. 1 enlarged. ansverse, and 7, vertical section of ovary ; 8, ovules:

6874.

aoe

ihgeerciiigees

eeeeees

yest *

ph 6a ee

Son imp

Vincent Brooks Day &

MS. dd INFtchhth.

LReeve & C° London

Tas. 6814.

STREPTOCARPUS cautescens.

Native of Tropical Eastern Africa.

Nat. Ord. GESNERACEH.—Tribe CyRTANDREZ.

Genus Strertocarrvs, Lindl. ; (Clarke Monogr. Cyrtandr. p. 148.)

Srreprocarrts caulescens ; molliter hirsutus, caule elongato erecto robusto folioso,

foliis petiolatis elliptico-oblongis integerrimis obtusis subacutisve, pedunculis

gracillimis, cymis dichotomis Jaxifloris glanduloso-pilosis, pedunculis pedicellis-

que gracilibus, bracteis minutis subulatis, calycis parvi lobis lanceolatis

acuminatis, corolla tubuloso-campanulata paulo incurva, tubo subtus inflato

4 poll. longo, lobis oblongis, capsula gracili 2—3-pollicari, stylo brevi.

S. caulescens, Vatke in Linnea, vol. xliii. p. 323; Clarke Cyrtandr. p. 154;

Dickson in Trans. Ed. Bot. Soe: vol. xiv. p. 362, t. 14.

At Plate 6782 there is figured for the first time a species

(and this a newly discovered one) of the caulescent group

of the beautiful genus Streptocarpus (S. Kirkii), under

which it is noticed that its nearest ally was the S. caulescens,

Vatke, which had not at that date been introduced into

cultivation. Indeed, so like was 8. Kirkii to S. caulescens,

that doubts were expressed as to the limits of varieties of

each not overlapping. The figure here given of S. caulescens

shows that it is specifically distinct, is more hirsute, with a

curious tuberous gouty stem and paler flowers, and with

very differently shaped lobes of the corolla.

According to Mr. Clarke, however, the species is a

variable one, of which what he regards as the typical form

has much larger leaves of a lanceolate form, four to five

inches long, with petioles more than half that length, and

having rather larger violet-blue flowers; and he refers

specimens in the Herbarium which are similar to that now

figured, to a var. ovata with shorter broader leaves and

shorter petioles. Without more and more complete

specimens it is impossible to say whether or no these two

forms may not represent really different plants. The fact

-is that the countries from which.these beautiful plants have

been obtained present all sorts of obstacles to the traveller,

and render the collection and preservation of specimens,

where possible, extremely difficult. In Vatke’s description —

May Ist, 1885.

of the specimens of S. caulescens that were first published,

and which were collected by Hildebrandt in Hast Africa

(and which I have not seen), the leaves are said to be oval-

oblong, obtuse, and contracted into the petiole, characters

which do not well suit any of the Kew examples, but rather

tend to unite them.

S. caulescens is probably a common plant in the moist

hill regions of Eastern Tropical Africa. Its discoverer

appears to have been the indefatigable Sir John Kirk, who

found it in 1877 near Magila in south latitude 5° 8’, and

whose specimens exactly accord with the figure here given.

The latter was raised by Mr. Mitten, A.L.S., from seeds

sent from the Lake region of Central Africa by Bishop

Hannington, and which flowered at Kew in February of

the present year. Of the larger form, with violet flowers

and lanceolate leaves, there are specimens in the Kew

Herbarium collected in the Shire Highlands by Mr.

Buchanan, communicated by the Botanical Society of

Edinburgh ; and from the mountains east of Lake Nyassa,

collected by the Rev. W. P. Johnson, and presented by

Mr. Waller.

A very interesting fact in the life history of all the

Streptocarpi is their mode of germination,* and which in

respect of S. caulescens is the subject of a paper by Prof.

‘Dickson, published in the Transactions of the Botanical

Society of Edinburgh. This author describes the embryo

as having two equal minute cotyledons, of which one

remains stationary in germination, whilst the other is

developed into a leaf quite like the future stem-leaves.

But what is most curious is, that an internode is developed

between the undeveloped and developed cotyledon, which

latter is therefore carried up on a stem that thereafter by

fusion with the ascending axis becomes the main stem of

the plant, branching above, and the branches bearing

opposite leaves.—J. D. H.

* First observed by Prof. Caspary in 1858 (Verhand, Nat. Hist. Vereins Rheinl.

vol. xv., also Flora, 1859, p. 120), and independently in 1860 by Mr. Crocker,

foreman of the propagating pits at Kew (Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. vol. v. p. 65.

Fig. 1, Base of stem, of the natural F ; : ; :

ae cena; © Rake eae sere oe calyx and ovary; | 3, base of corolla

6815.

del IN Fite,

{Ss

DLS.

Vincert Brooks Day & Sonimp.

sOTL GAs

Tas. 6815.

MACROSCEPIS OBOVATA,

Native of Western Tropical America.

Nat. Ord. AScLEPIADER.— Tribe CYNANCHER.

Genus Macrosceris, Humb. Bonpl. et Kth.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl.

vol. ii. p. 751.)

Macroscepris obovata ; hirsutissima, caule yolubili, foliis subpanduriformi-obovatis

caudato-acuminatis basi cordatis, petiolo brevi, cymis axillaribus densifloris,

floribus breviter pedicellatis brunneis, calycis segmentis ovato-lanceolatis

hirsutis, corolla tubo glabro calyce equilongo, lobis tubo equilongis late ovatis

obtusis ciliolatis intus papillosis, coronze squamis crassis confluentibus.

M. obovata, Humb. Bonpl. et Kth. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vol. iii. p. 201, t. 283;

Synops. vol. ii. p. 281; Dene. in DC. Prodr. vol. viii. p. 599.

The singular plant here figured is a native of various |

parts of the coast of tropical South America, from Mexico

to Peru. Humboldt discovered it in the Bay of Campeachy ;

Galleotti collected it on the sandy shores of the district of

Oaxaca in Mexico, where he describes it as forming hedges ;

Spruce found it on the river Daule in Guayaquil, and

Purdie on the plains near Molina in the province of Sta.

Martha, New Grenada. For the specimen here figured I

am indebted to M. Hd. André, joint-editor of the ‘“ Revue

Horticole,” who procured it during his late journeyings in

South America, and flowered it in his stove at Lacroix in

Touraine in November of last year, and kindly sent it to

Kew for figuring in this work. It is a near ally of M.

tristis (Benth. in Gen. Pl. vol. il. p. 751), the Schubertia

tristis, Seemann (Bot. Herald Voy. p. 168), in which the

leaves are more orbicular, and the corolla is described as

quite glabrous. The genus Macroscepis is, as Bentham

observes, hardly distinguishable from Awraujia of Brotero,

which was published in the Transactions of the Linnean

Society in the same year (1818) as the volume of Hum-

boldt’s great work in which Macroscepis appeared. Should

the two genera be united, as no doubt they will be by the

MAY Ist, 1885.

further discovery of connecting species or characters, the

question of priority of generic name will arise. This will

probably be settled in favour of Awraujia, owing to the fact

that Brotero’s very complete account of that genus was read

before the Linnean Society in November, 1815, though not

published till 1818.

Duscr. A twining shrub, with milky juice, densely

hirsute with long spreading hairs that are rusty brown

when dry; branchlets thicker than a crow-quill. Leaves

shortly petioled, four to six inches long, by two and a

half to three inches broad, obovate and contracted above

the cordate base, so as to be somewhat fiddle-shaped,

acuminate with a long point; hirsute on both surfaces,

but especially on the nerves beneath; costa and nerves

stout; petiole a quarter to one-third of an inch, very

stout. Flower in dense shortly peduncled or subsessile

axillary cymes; pedicels short, and calyx laxly hirsute.

Sepals one-third of an inch long, ovate-lanceolate, acumi-

nate, erect, as long as the corolla-tube. Corolla salver-

shaped, with rather broad tube; limb an inch in diameter,

glabrous except the ciliate margins of the broadly ovate

subacute lobes, which are of a yellow-brown colour within,

and have a minutely papillose surface. Column capitate,

filling the mouth of the corolla; scales thick, confluent.

Pollinia minute, wedge-shaped, much compressed.—J. D. H.

“

Fig. 1, Flower; 2, vertical section of base of corolla, showing the glands and

column ; 3, column; 4 and 5, pollinia:—adl enlarged.

en tg

Vincert Brooks Day & Son bap

MS.del IN-Fitch lth

a cc ee

Tas. 6816.

EKUCOMIS sicoror.

Native of Natal.

Nat. Ord. Lit1acem.—Tribe ScrnuEx.

Genus Evcomis, L’ Herit ; (Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 813.)

Evcomis bicolor; bulbo globoso tunicis membranaceis brunneis, foliis productis

5-6 oblongis pedalibus immaculatis membranaceis margine undulatis, pedunculo

cylindrico immaculato foliis breviori, racemo denso oblongo, pedicellis flore

subeequilongis, bracteis parvis lanceolatis, come foliis 30-40 ovatis margine

crispatis interdum purpureo tinctis, perianthii segmentis oblongis _pallide

viridibus margine purpureis, staminibus alte perigynis perianthio distincte

brevioribus filamentis lanceolato-deltoideis purpureis antheris oblongis minutis,

ovario ovoideo, stylo ovario equilongo.

_E. bicolor, Baker in Gard. Chron. N. S. vol. x. (1878), p. 492.

The alliance of this new Hucomis is close botanically

with the well-known FH. undulata, but for horticultural

purposes it is a decided acquisition, because, whilst in all

the species already introduced the flowers are a uniform

green, here the segments of the perianth and the stamens

are a bright purple. It was discovered by Mr. Christopher

Mudd, the son of the late curator of the Cambridge

Botanical Gardens, in Natal, and sent home by him to

Messrs. Veitch, with whom it flowered for the first time in

the autumn of 1878. Our drawing was made from a plant

which was presented to Kew by our indefatigable corre-

spondent, J. Medley Wood, Esq., of Inanda, Natal, which

remained in flower fora long time during the winter of

1883-4 at the cool.end of the new range of houses which is

devoted mainly to Cape heaths and Cape bulbs. ~

Descr. Bulb globose, about a couple of inches in diameter,

with brown membranous tunics and copious fleshy root-

fibres. Produced leaves five or six, contemporary with

the flowers, oblong, sessile, suberect, about a foot long,

three or four inches broad at the middle, crisped towards

the margin, unspotted. Pedunele cylindrical, terete, un-

May Ist, 1885. :

spotted, a little shorter than the leaves. aceme dense,

oblong, three or four inches long, two inches in diameter;

pedicels about as long as the flowers; bracts small, lan-

ceolate, scariose; empty bracts of the tip of the peduncle

thirty or forty, ovate, acute, crisped at the edge, and some-

times, but not always, tinted purple. Perianth half an

inch long; segments oblong, united at the base, pale green,

oc with a distinct bright purple margin. Stamens mueh

shorter than the perianth-segments; filaments lanceolate-

deltoid, purplish; anthers small, oblong. Ovary ovoid,

narrowed to a neck at the base; style filiform, as long as_

the ovary; stigma capitate.—J. G. Baker. :

Fig. 1, Front view of an anther; 2, back view of an anther; 3, pistil and tip of

pedicel; 4, horizontal section of ovary :—all more or less enlarged. -

on uy

2 )

Vincent Brooks Day &

LkReetvs &%

rab. OS17,

DENDROBIUM Puatavorsis.

. Native of Northern Australia and New Guinea.

Nat. Ord. OncHiprEm.—Tribe ErrpENDRER.

Genus Denprosium, Sw. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. iii. p. 498.)

Dernprozium Phalenopsis ; caulibus elongatis fasciculatis subcylindraceis sulcatis

vaginis appressis pallidis tectis, foliis distichis sessilibus lanceolatis acuminatis

luride viridibus, racemis axillaribus pendulis laxe 6-10-floris, sepalis ovato-

lanceolatis acuminatis pallidis nervis reticulatis, petalis sepalis multo majoribus

patentibus rhombeo-rotundatis acutis basi contractis roseis venosis, labelli

sanguineo-purpurei lobis lateralibus rotundatis incurvis intermedio lingueformi

oblongo apiculato basin versus 5-7-carinato carinis rugulosis, calcare recto

obtuso basi inferne in sacculum subhemisphericum dilatato, columna brevi ima

basi 2-callosa.

D. Phalenopsis, Fitzgerald in Gard. Chron. N.S. vol. xiv. (July, 1883), p. 38,

and Austral Orchids, vol. i. cum Ic. pict.

Mr. Fitzgerald, who regards this as the finest of Australian

Orchids, has given a good figure of it in his great work on

the Australian plants of this family, which is a solitary

example of an illustrated botanical publication of a high

order of merit emanating from a British colony. This

author rightly regards it as closely allied to D. bigibbum,

Lindl., swperbiens, Reichb., and Goldiei, all natives of the

same botanical region. Of these, D. bigibbum is figured at

Plate 4898 of this work; it is evidently a near relation, but

quite distinct in its much smaller size, fewer much broader _

more uniformly deep rose-coloured flowers, shorter crested

lip, simple saccate spur and longer column. Of D.

superbiens there are figures in the ‘‘ Gardners’ Chronicle,’

N. &., vol. ix. p. 40, fig. 9, and in the “ Floral Magazine,”’

which represents a plant very like D. Phalenopsis, but with

a longer raceme of more numerous flowers. D. Goldiei again

is figured in “ The Garden” for 1878; it has dark rose-red

flowers, like those of D. bigibbum, and racemes like those

of D. superbiens. There is still another species of the

‘same group and country, D. Sumneri, F. Muell., with which

May Ist, 1885, :

D. Phalenopsis should be compared, but I have no means of

doing this satisfactorily, for it has never been figured.

According to Mr. Fitzgerald, D. Phalaenopsis was intro-

duced into cultivation by Captain Broomfield, of Balmain

in Queensland, who procured it in Northern Australia and

New Guinea. The specimen figured by that author was,

however, obtained near Cook Town in Queensland, which is

in the Cape York Peninsula, and latitude 15° S., and where .

it flowers in April. In Kew it flowered it September.

The specimen here figured is one of the few botanical

prizes secured to England by Mr. Forbes during his

adventurous expedition to Timor-laut (see Journ. Geograph.

Soe. vol. vi. p. 113). It is probably the handsome species

alluded to in the Report of the Botany of his expedition at

p. 371 of the Journal of the Linnean Society, vol. xxi., as

found on trees in Lavat. This gives the species a wide

range in distribution, and I can detect no difference between

the Australian and Timor-laut plants, except in that Mr.

Fitzgerald implies that the flowers are erect in his plant,

whereas they are decidedly pendulous in ours, as in D

Goldiei.

Descr. Stems tufted, a foot to a foot and a half high,

and nearly as thick as the little finger, rather compressed,

furrowed, clothed with appressed pale sheaths. Leaves

alternate, distichous, six to eight inches long, sessile,

lanceolate, acuminate, dark green. Racemes pendulous,

loosely six- to ten-flowered; peduncle and pedicels slender.

Flowers two inches in diameter, perianth spreading, but not

reflexed. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, very pale

pink, nerves reticulate. Petals much larger, rhomboid-

orbicular, acute, rose-red, contracted at the base. Lip

narrow, dark purplish blood-red; lateral lobes rounded,

incurved and meeting above, forming a cavernous hood,

midlobe tongue-shaped, acute, with five to seven obscure

rough ridges extending half-way from the lateral lobes to

the tip; spur laterally compressed, straight, short obtuse,

produced below into a hemispheric sac. Column very short,

with two white calli at its base.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Reduced figure of the whole plant; 2, column; 3, lip; 4, anther; 5,

pollen :—al/ but fig. 1 enlarged,

GS16.

Par NT OS Rg

oie ‘ Nye

ae AS

M.S. del IN-Fitch hth,

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp

Tas. 6818.

BAUHINIA varigeata.

Native of the East Indies.

Nat. Ord. Leguminosz.—Tribe BAUHINIER.

Genus Bavurnta, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. i. p. 575.)

Bavuinta (Pauletia) variegata; arborea, erecta, ramulis novellis calycibusque

griseo-puberulis, foliis 9-1l-nerviis glabris profunde bifidis lobis obtusis,

racemis brevibus, floribus 4-poll. latis breviter pedicellatis, calycis spathacei

tubo cylindraceo spathe lanceolatw equilongo, petalis patentibus unguiculatis

elliptico-obovatis roseis purpureo-variegatis rarius albis, antico lineis sanguineis

flabellatim notato, staminibus 3-5, ovario gracili piloso stipite styloque graci-

libus elongatis, legumine 1-2-pedali ensiformi curvo intus septato.

B. variegata, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 535; DC. Prodr. vol. ii. p. 514; Hamilt. in

Trans, Linn, Soe. vol. xiii. p. 496; Roxb. Fl. Ind, vol. ii. p. 319; Wall.

Cat. No. 5795; Beddome Flor. Sylv. p. 92; Brandis For. Flor. p. 160;

Kurz For. Flor. vol. i. p. 397; Baker in Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. ii. p. 284.

B. candida, Roxb, l.c. p. 318.

PuHaneEra variegata, Benth. Pl. Jungh. p. 262.

CHovanna-Manparv, Rheede Hort, Mail. vol. i. p. 57, t. 32.

LT have often wondered how it was that two of the most

conspicuous common and beautiful small trees of India,

Bauhinia variegata and purpurea, should never now be

seen in the larger tropical plant-houses of England; it

cannot be that they have not been repeatedly introduced,

for according to the Hortus Kewenusis the first of them was

grown in England nearly 200 years ago (in 1690) by the

Karl of Portland; and the white variety (B. candida,

Roxb.) upwards of a century ago (in 1777) by Dr. Patrick

Russell; whilst BD. purpurea was raised in the following

year. Neither of them is figured in any work illustrating

cultivated plants, British or Continental, though B.

variegata appears to have flowered at Kew many years ago,

for in the work quoted June and July are given as the

flowering months. The reason for these plants being so

little grown in our hot-houses is, no doubt, that they must

attain some size before they flower, and that they require

a dry season to ripen their wood, the giving of which,

JUNE Ist, 1885.

without killing the plant by drought, is the standing crux

of all establishments. B. variegata is an exceedingly

common plant throughout India, but more often seen planted

than indigenous; it forms a small tree, six to twenty

feet high, and when covered with blossoms, which appear

in March, it resembles a gigantic Pelargonium, and is

indeed a glorious object. The bark is astringent and

employed for dyeing and tanning, the leaves and flower-

buds are used as a vegetable, and the latter are often

pickled. The flowers vary greatly in colour, from white

variegated with yellowish green, to rose variegated with

crimson, cream-colour and purple. The specimen here

figured flowered in the Royal Gardens in March of last

year.

Descr. A small tree; branchlets slender, glabrous,

except the tips, which with the peduncles and buds are

grey with a fine pubescence. Leaves three to four inches

Jong and broad, orbicular, bifid, nine- to eleven-nerved, lobes

rounded, sinus acute with a mucro; petiole one to two

inches long, slender. Flowers in short racemes, four inches

in diameter, calyx spathaceous, tube as long as the limb.

Petals clawed, obovate-oblong, obtuse, delicately veined,

rose-coloured, the lower more cuneate, streaked’ with

crimson. Stamens five, three longer than the others, erect.

Ovary slender, hairy, stipes and style slender. Pod one to

two feet long, by three-quarters to one and a quarter broad,

flat, curved, stipitate, acute or acuminate, septate within.

Seeds broadly oblong, much compressed.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Calyx, stamens and pistil; 2 and 3, anthers; 4, pods; 5, portion of

valve of ditto and seed :—all but figs. 4 and 5 enlarged,

es SN

a aatcealcelll

AB del JN Fitch lith Vincent Broaks Day & Son imp

L. Reeve &C° London.

Tas. 6819.

CYTISUS uursurvs.

Native of South Europe and Asia Minor.

Nat. Ord. Leauminosz.—Tribe GEenIsTER.

Genus Cyrisus, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p, 484.)

Cytisus (Tubocytisus) hirsutus ; fruticosus, patentim molliter hirsutus, ramis foliosis

erectis v. adscendentibus, foliis longe gracile petiolatis, foliolis elliptico-oblongis

obovatis v. ovatis obtusis, floribus 2-4-nis omnibus lateralibus breviter pedi-

cellatis, ealycis hirsuti tubo subcylindraceo breviter bilabiato, labio superiore

2-dentato, inferiore breviore, vexillo orbiculari, legumine planiusculo hirsuto

recto v. subfaleato.

C. hirsutus, Linn. Sp. Pi. - 1042; DC. Prodr, vol. ii. p. 156 ; Jacq. Obs. vol. iv.

t. 96; Koch Synops. Fl. Germ. 171; Boiss. Fl. Orient. vol. ii, p. 50; Mog-

gridge Flor, Ment. t, 28.

C. falcatus, Waldst. et Kit. Pl. Hung. t. 238.

C. triflorus, Lam. Dict. vol. ii. p. 250, non L’Herit,

C. Tournefortianus, Lois, in Duham. Arbr. Ed. Nov, vol. v. p. 137,

Now that attention is being directed to the introduction

of hardy flowering kinds into our hitherto too monotonous

backgrounds and borders of shrubs, it is to be expected

that the Cytist will take a prominent place, and for this

purpose none is better worth culture than the subject of

the present plate, which is hardly known except in the

gardens of the curious. It is a native of a wide extent of

country in South Europe, from southern Switzerland and

Italy to Greece, Bosnia and Bithynia. Anatolia is its

eastern limit, whilst its western is the Alps of Dauphiné. Mr.

Moggridge, in his * Flora of Mentone,” says that it is one

of the rarest leguminous plants of that district, occurring

only on sandstone rocks in the Turin Valley. It must not

be confounded with the C. hirsutus of the * Flora Greeca,”

which is C. spinescens, Sieber. According to ‘‘ Hortus

Kewensis,” it was cultivated by Mr. Philip Miller at

Chelsea in 1739. For the specimen here figured I am

indebted to my indefatigable friend and contributor in this

work, George Maw, Hsq., F.L.8S., who flowered it at

Benthal Hall (Shropshire) in June, 1879, and sent me

specimens for illustration, :

JUNE Ist, 1880,

Descr. A low spineless bush, more or less hirsute with

soft spreading hairs; branches leafy, erect or ascending.

Leaves long-petioled, three-foliolate, leaflets three-quarters

to one inch long, elliptic-oblong or ovate, rarely obovate,

obtuse; petiole one inch long. J lowers clustered on the

sides of the branches, two, three and four together, very

shortly pedicelled, one to one and a half inches long,

yellow. Calyx one-third to half an inch long, tubular and

slightly inflated, hirsute, shortly two-lipped; upper lip

two-fid, lower much shorter. Standard orbicular with a

long claw, pale yellow externally, golden yellow in front

and streaked with orange yellow, margins recurved.

Wings small, not half the length of the standard, oblong,

obtuse; keel smaller still. Stamens united in a tube as

long as the calyx-tube; free portions of the filaments very

short; anthers minute. Ovary hairy; style slender,

glabrous, stigma capitellate; ovules very numerous. Pod

one to one and a half inches long by one-third of an inch

wide, curved, flat, acute or acuminate, laxly clothed with

very long hairs along the ventral suture. Seeds very

small.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Longitudinal section of calyx, staminal tube and ovary; 2, calyx; 3

» Lon; , staminal tube. ry 5 2, calyx; 3,

standard ; 4, wings; 5, keel; 6, stamens; 7, pistil; 8, stigma :—al/ enlarged.

6820

Vincent, Brooks,Day & Son imp

MS. del, JNEitd hth.

L.Reeve & C° London.

Tas, 6820.

ODONTOGLOSSUM CERSTEDII.

Native of Costa Rica.

Nat. Ord. OrncHIDEZ.—Tribe VANDER.

Genus OpontoaLossum, Humb. Bonpl. et Kth.; (Benth. et Hook.f, Gen. Pl.

vol. ii, p. 561.)

OponToecLossum (Isanthium) Cirstedii ; humile, pseudobulbis ovoideis teretius-

culis lzvibus, folio lineari-obiongo v. elliptico-lanceolato in petiolum angustato,

racemo suberecto paucifloro, floribus albis labello basi aureo, sepalis late

oblongis apiculatis, petalis consimilibus sed paullo minoribus et in unguem

brevem angustatis, labello sessili 3-lobo, lobis lateralibus parvis brevissimis

auriculeformibus recurvis, terminali explanato orbiculari bifido, callo basi

quadrato elevato disco depresso margine postico ciliato, columna aptera,

O. Erstevit, Reich. fil. in Bonplandia, vol. iii. p. 214, and in Walp. Ann. vol. vi.

p- 845; Xenia Orchidacea, vol. i. p. 189, t. 68; Beitrag. Orchideen

Central-Ameriks. pp. 15, 47, and 71, and in Gard. Chron, vol. vii. (1877),

pp. 302 and 811, fig. 128.

According to Dr. Reichenbach this very distinct little

Odontoglot was discovered by Warscewicz in 1848, who

made a rough sketch of it; but it was not well known till

the learned orchidologist alluded to described it in Bon-

plandia from dried specimens procured by Drs. Mirsted,

Wendland and Endres, in Costa Rica, on Mount Irasu,

near the town of San Juan, at an elevation of 9000 feet

above the sea. It having been described first from dried

specimens, the pseudobulbs were supposed to be two-edged,

and the peduncle one-flowered, neither of which is the case,

as shown in the excellent woodcut in the “ Gardener’s

Chronicle,” and in our plate. The purple spots noted as

occurring in the original specimens are replaced in ours by

orange ones on the yellow base of the lip, and the three

yellow lines by a square yellow disk with faint orange lines

upon it. These are all matters as to which great variability

is to be looked for.

Odontoglossum Cirstedii was, I believe, first flowered in

Europe by Messrs. Veitch in 1877. It blossoms in the

Royal Garden from February to May, the flowers lasting a

JUNE lst, 1885.

long while; the figure here given is from fine specimens

obligingly sent by Mr. Shuttleworth, of Park Road,Clapham.

Desor. Pseudobulbs tufted, one to one and a half inches

long, ovoid, quite smooth and terete, dark green. Leaf

solitary, four to five inches long, by one to one and a half

broad, elliptic-lanceolate or lmnear-oblong, acute, coria-

ceous, dark green, narrowed into a petiole one-half to one

inch long. Pedunele suberect, stout, longer. than the

leaves, flexuous, one- to four-flowered;. bracts oblong,

obtuse, scarious; pedicels with the ovary one and a half

to two inches long, white. Flowers one and a half inches in

diameter, pure white except the yellow base of the lip.

Sepals oblong with rounded apiculate tips. Petals very

similar, but suddenly contracted at the base to a short

claw. Lip with two lateral very small lobes and a large

middle one; lateral lobes short, recurved ; midlobe nearly

orbicular, cleft at the tip for about one-third way up, the

sinus narrow; disk between the lateral lobes with a raised

quadrangular golden callus marked with orange spots,

centre of disk depressed, posterior margin ciliate; there

is also a broad square patch of yellow with faint orange

~— = on pase of the midlobe. Column wingless, white.

Fig. 1, Column and base of lip; 2, anther-case; 3, pollen-masses :—all

enlarged,

simp.

Vincent Brooks Day & Son

WBrtch kth

5. del.

Tas. 6821.

COSTUS IGNEUS.

Native of Brazil.

Nat. Ord. Scrraminem.—Tribe ZINGIBERER.

Genus Costus, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 646.)

Costus tgneus ; glaberrimus, caule erecto folioso, foliis breviter petiolatis ellipticis

v. elliptico-lanceolatis caudato-acuminatissimis undulatis supremis subrosulatis,

vaginarum ore ciliolato, calyce elongato 3-fido, corolla tubo infundibulari calyce

duplo longiore lobis late ovatis oblongis v. oblanceolatis obtusis v. acuminatis

recurvis, labello amplo orbiculari 2-24 poll. diametro late aurantiaco irregulariter

crenato, connectivo oblongo concavo aureo dorso pubescente basi cordato apice

rostrato rostro inflexo.

C. igneus, NV. E. Brown in I?Illustr. Hortic. vol. xxxi. p. 25, t. 511.

This brilliant plant is stated in the work above quoted

to be a native of Bahia, whence it was imported by Mr.

Linden, and it is there figured under the name given it by

Mr. N. E. Brown, Assistant in the Kew Herbarium, to

whom it was sent for the purpose of being identified and

named. There are good specimens of it in the Kew

Herbarium, collected by M. Glaziou, Director of Public

Parks and Gardens at Rio de Janeiro, but with no par-

ticular locality, nor is it stated whether they are indigenous

or cultivated.

The genus Costus is a very considerable one, and unlike

most of the order to which it belongs, it occurs in the

tropics of all the continents. The species vary much in

the form of the perianth, and may be divided into very

distinct sections, of which those with the lip expanded in a

circular form are the most attractive. To this section

belongs the C. speciosus, Roscoe, of India, a white-flowered

species of great beauty, and very common in Bengal.

The Royal Gardens are indebted to Mr. Linden for the

plant from which the plate was executed, and which

flowered in a stove in September of last year.

JUNE Ist, 1885.

Descr. Stem twelve to eighteen inches high, erect, stout,

clothed with pale leaf sheaths. Leaves four to six inches

long, elliptic-lanceolate, produced at the apex into a very

slender acuminate point, and at the base into a short broad

concave petiole, dark green above, paler and tinged with

red beneath; sheath one and a half to two inches long,

mouth red and ciliolate. Flowers clustered, two and a

half to three inches in diameter. Calyx one inch long,

tubular, unequally trifid. Corolla narrowly funnel-shaped,

twice as long as the calyx, lobes very variable, oblanceolate

or oblong, ovate, obtuse or acute. Lip circular, bright

orange-red, undulated and expanded horizontally, ir-

regularly crenate. Anther sessile; connective hooded,

oblong, golden yellow, hairy at the back, tip suddenly

contracted into an inflexed beak, base cordate; anther-

cells broad. Stigma small, urceolately funnel-shaped.—

m fa EN: 8

Fig. 1, Bracts, calyx and base of corolla-tube; 2, front, and 3, side view of

anther; 4, stigma; 5, transverse section of ovary; 6, ovules :—adl enlarged.

BERR

| MS. del IN Fitch kth.

Tas. 6822.

HYACIN THUS azurevs.

Native of Asia Minor.

Nat. Ord. Lintacem.— Tribe SctniEx.

Genus Hyacintuvs, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. iii. p. 812.)

Hyacrntuvs (Hyacinthella) azwreus ; bulbo globoso copiose stolonifero, foliis 6-8

erectis loratis facie glaucis profunde canaliculatis, pedunculo tereti foliis paulo

breviori, racemis densis conicis floribus inferioribus splendide cceruleis breviter

edicellatis perianthio oblongo segmentis late ovatis porrectis tubo subtriplo

revioribus, floribus superioribus subsessilibus pallide cwruleis perianthio

breviori campanulato, supremis paucis rudimentariis genitalibus abortivis,

staminibus prope tubi medium insertis uniseriatis, filamentis antheris subxqui-

longis, ovario ovoideo, stylo brevi, stigmate capitato.

H. azureus, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xi. p- 427.

Muscari azureum, Fenzl in Delect. Sem. Hort. Vindob. 1858; Tchihat. Asia

Minor Bot. vol. ii. p. 539.

Bellevallia azurea, Boiss. F7. Orient. vol. v. p. 307.

Amphobolis ccelestis, Schott et Kotschy in Kotschy Taur. p. 279, teste Boissier.

Muscari lingulatum, Baker in Trimen. Journ. 1874, p. 6.

The present plant is a welcome accession to our stock of

hardy bulbs that flower in early spring. Although it has

entirely the habit of our ordinary grape hyacinths, the

segments of the perianth are not at all incurved, so that

although it forms a complete link of connection between

the two genera Hyacinthus and Muscari, its proper place is

in the former. Our wild specimens in the Kew Herbarium

were gathered on the Caramanian Taurus by Mr. Elwes,

and on the Cilician Taurus by Mrs. Danford. It was first

brought by Kotschy from Cilicia to the Vienna Gardens

about 1856. For our Kew bulbs from which were grown

the plants that furnished the material for the present

figure, we are indebted to Herr Leichtlen. With us it

flowers in the open ground at the latter end of February.

Descr. Bulb depresso-globose, white, about an inch in

diameter, copiously stoloniferous from the base. Leaves

six or eight to a bulb, lorate, erect, glaucous, deeply chan-

JUNE lst, 1885.

nelled down the face, four to six inches long at the time of

flowering. Scape terete, rather shorter than the leaves.

Raceme dense, conical, with a thickened rugose axis

coloured blue like the flowers; lower flowers deep blue,

deflexed, with a short pedicel and an oblong perianth one-

sixth of an inch long, with ovate segments about one-third

as long as the tube; flowers of the upper half of the

raceme nearly sessile, with a sky-blue campanulate

perianth with segments nearly or quite as long as the

tube; uppermost flowers minute and _ rudimentary.

Stamens in the lower flowers inserted in a single row

about the middle of the perianth-tube ; filaments as long

as the anthers. Pistil half as long as the perianth-tube ;

ovary ovoid; style short, cylindrical; stigma capitate.—

J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, One of the lower flowers of the raceme ; 2, one of the upper flowers; 3,

vertical seciion of one of the lower flowers; 4, an anther, seen from the front; 5,

back view of an anther; 6, horizontal section of the ovary :—all more or less

enlarged.

6823.

PTT Tr >

—

eet

wag )

aaa

_saahsneentnonnt

cae pcan

imp

I ) ay & Son

ale

TOOKS

rn +

neeny Jt

— j cae < ss sete ee ee

Tas. 6823.

CHRYSOPHYLLUM IMPERIALE.

Native of Brazil.

Nat. Ord. Saroracez.

Genus CarysopHyLiuM, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol.ii. p. 653.)

CHRYSOPHYLLUM imperiale; ramulis arbustis, foliis magnis petiolitis obovato-

oblongis v. oblongo-oblanceolatis acutis obtusisve grosse serratis subtus sparse

stellato-tomentellis demum glabris, petiolo valido teretiusculo, floribus secus

ramos fasciculatis pedicellatis subsericeo-pubescentibus flavo-virescentibus,

sepalis ovato-rotundatis obtusis, corolla subrotata 5-loba crassa glaberrima,

lobis late ovato-rotundatis obtusis concavis, antheris cordato-ovatis extus dehis-

centibus, ovario late ovoideo piloso in stylum brevissimum crassum angustato,

stigmate simplici, fructu subgloboso v. oblique ovoideo apice mammillari,

seminibus compressis margine dorsali acuto, ventrali latiore hilo angusto lineari

notato.

CHRYSOPHYLLUM imperiale, Benth. in Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 653.

THRopHRASTA ? imperialis, Hort. ; André in I Iilustrat. Horticole, vol. xxi. 1874,

p- 77 and 152, t. 184; Regel, Gartenfl. 1864, p, 323, t. 443.

CURATELLA speciosa, Dene, mss.

This noble plant was an inmate of both British and

Continental botanical gardens for thirty years before its

genus was determined, during which period the attention of

both botanists and horticulturists was directed to ascer-

taining its native country and affinities. According to a

careful history of it drawn up by M. André (L’Ilust. Hortic.

lvc.), the first living specimen known in Europe belonged

to Madame Legrelle-d’ Hanis, at Berchem, where M. Linden

saw it in 1846 with the name Throphrasta imperialis. In

1849 M. Libon sent living plants to M. de Jonghe at

Brussels, and later on M. Linden received several hundred

specimens from his collector, M. Marius Porte ; after which

the plant became common in Europe. M. Linden’s

importation was of seedlings, and amongst these were

ungerminated seeds which enabled that gentleman to refer

the plant to the Sapotacee. For a knowledge of its native

country we are indebted to M. Houillet, of the Jardin de

Plantes, to which establishment M. Porte sent plants, with

JULY Ist. 1885.

the information that they were from the province of Rio de

Janeiro. Lastly herbarium specimens in flower and fruit

were sent to Kew by that most energetic botanist M.

Glaziou, Director of Public Parks at Rio, which enabled

Mr. Bentham, when studying the order Sapotacee for the

Genera Plantarum, to refer the foundling to the essentially

American genus Chrysophyllum. M. Glaziou gives as the

precise habitat the Serro da Estrello; M. André gives the

Mountain of Tijuca in the chain of the Corcovado, which is,

I believe, part of the Serro da Hstrello.

It is singular that it should have been so long before this

plant flowered in Europe; this has occurred only once as

fas as I am aware, and that is in the Botanical Gardens of

Queen’s College, Cork, where Professor Marcus Hartog,

D.Se., F.L.S., most obligingly sent me a flowering specimen

in the month of April of last year. This consisted of a

branch as thick as the middle finger, bearing copious

clusters of flowers, and leaves a foot and a half long, and .

was taken from a specimen twenty feet high. At Kew the

leaves attain three feet in length and ten inches in breadth.

The fruit is of about the size of a small apple, obtusely

five-angled, with a hard thick flesh and five cells (or fewer

by arrest); the base is intruded, the apex mammillary,

and the peduncle very stout and woody. The seeds are an

inch long and three-quarters of an inch wide, compressed

with turgid faces, an acute semicircular margin, and a

nearly straight ventral one, the latter bearing the narrow

hilum ; the testa is thick, bony, chestnut-brown, and highly

polished ; albumen copious, cotyledons thin.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Reduced figure of flowering branch; 2, estivation of calyx and corolla ;

3, flower ; 4, portion of corolla and stamen; 5, anther ; 6, pistil :-—alZ enlarged.

6824.

M5S.del, JN Fitch hth. Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp

LReeve & C2 Tondon.

» Tas. 6824,

EXACUM arring.

_ Native of the Island of Socotra.

Nat. Ord, GentianEx.—Tribe Exace2x. ©

Genus Exacum, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 803.)

Exacum affine; annuum, erectum, ramosissinum, multiflorum, caule terete ramis

tetragonis, foliis petiolatis ovatis ellipticisve obtusis v. subacutis 3—-5-nerviis,

floribus pedicellatis parvis nutantibus 5-meris ceruleis, calycis lobis acuminatis

late crasse alatis, corollz lobis elliptico-orbiculatis obtusis, filamentis brevibus,

antheris lineari-oblongis ad apicem dehiscentibus,

E. affine, Balf. fil. Diagn. Plant. Nov. Socotr. pars iii. p.6 ; Regel, Gartenflora,

1883, p. 34, t. 1108; Wittmark in Gartenzeit, 1884, p. 111, fig. 28, 29;

Masters in Gard. Chron. 1884, vol. i. p. 604, fig. 116.

The rocky and to the superficial observer barren Island

of Socotra in the Arabian Sea has yielded several plants of

remarkable beauty, notably the Begonia socotrana (Plate

6555); and when the complete botanical account of the

Island is published by its first explorer, Dr. Balfour, no

doubt other interesting novelties worthy of introduction

into our stoves will be made known. Shortly after Dr.

Balfour’s exploration Socotra was visited by the eminent

African traveller and botanist Dr. Schweinfurth, who also

made large botanical collections, which he has generously

entrusted to Dr. Balfour to be incorporated with his own

for publication, and their joint results are being published

in the Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.

Both these investigators found Hzxacum affine growing

abundantly on the banks of water-courses. The specimen

here figured is one of many raised from seeds sent to Kew

by Messrs. Haage and Schmidt, of Erfurt, which have con-

tinued flowering since the middle of April. The introducer

of the species is Dr. Schweinfurth.

As a species Hzacum affine is allied to several Indian

ones, notably to H. petiolare, Griseb., of Western India,

which is an mdication of the relationship of the Socotran

Flora with the Peninsular Indian, as the Begonia is of its

JuLY lst, 1885.

African affinity. On the other hand, it is perhaps as near

the Madagascar H. quinquenervium, Griseb., thus showing

an equivalent relation with that great Hast African Island.

As, however, Peninsular India is the head-quarters of the

genus Hxacwm, and two species have been detected in

Socotra, whilst none occur in Arabia or the adjacent coast

of Africa, and very few indeed in other parts of that

continent, the Indian affinity of the Socotran Flora in this

respect must be regarded as fairly established.

Desor. A glabrous annual, one to two feet high,

branching copiously from the base, leafy; stem stout, terete

below, above and the branches obtusely four-angled.

Leaves one to one anda half inch long, ovate or elliptic-

ovate, obtuse or subacute, three-nerved or five-nerved, the

two lateral nerves being very faint, rather coriaceous, base

narrowed into a petiole a quarter to half an inch long.

Flowers very numerous, in the forks of the upper branches,

or three together at the ends of the branches, inclined or

nodding. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, with a broad dorsal wing

semicircular in vertical outline, tips acuminate. Corolla

one-half to three-quarters of an inch in diameter, pale

_ bright blue, lobes broadly elliptic, almost rounded, subacute.

Filaments short; anthers linear-oblong, dehiscing from the

tip about half-way down. Ovary subglobose; style long,

decurved, stigma capitate. Seeds extremely minute, rounded —

and angular, testa chestnut-brown.—.J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Calyx and corolla (unfolded) ; 2, portion of corolla with stamens ; 3 and 4,

anthers ; 5, pistil :—all enlarged.

6825.

ooks Dey & Son img

Vincent Br

— RRR TTT}

iol

ch hth

£1

M.S.del, IN

Tas. 6825,

N ARCISSUS PACHY BOLBUS.

Native of Algeria

Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDE®.—Tribe AMARYLLER.

Genus Narcissus, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 718.)

Narcissus (Hermione) pachybolbus; bulbo maximo tunicis pluribus brunneis

membranaceis, foliis 4 linearibus erectis obtusis glaucescentibus subpedalibus

facie profunde canaliculatis, pedunculo ancipiti foliis paulo breviore, umbellis

8-10-floris, spatha ovata pedicellis sequilonga, floribus albis suaveolentibus,

erianthii tubo ultra semipollicari, limbo patulo, segmentis suborbicularibus

cuspidatis late imbricatis, corona brevi patelleformi, margine integro vel

crenulato, antheris 3 in tubo inclusis, 3 corone oram attingentibus.

N. pachybolbus, Duriew in Duchart. Rev. vol. ii. p. 425; Expl. Alger. Atlas,

tab. 47, fig. 1; Walp. Ann. vol. i. p. 836; Kunth Enum. vol. v. p. 742;

Baker in Gard. Chron. 1869, p. 1136; Burbidge Narciss. p. 51, 82, tab. 39.

This distinct species of the Tazetta group of Narcissus

is a native of the province of Oran in Algeria. It is never

likely to be widely cultivated in English gardens, as it

flowers in its native country in December and January, and

is too thoroughly Mediterranean in its climatic requirements

to be adapted for open-air growth with us. It is distin-

guished from the other TJazetta forms by its very large

bulbs, stiffly erect glaucous leaves and small pure white

fragrant flowers. It was introduced into cultivation about

twenty years ago by the late Mr. Giles Munby, along with

the other endemic Algerine Narcissus, Corbularia mono-

phylla, Our drawing was made from a plant exhibited in

February last at the Horticultural Society by E. G. Loder,

Esq. It has also flowered under cover at Kew.

Descr. Bulb globose, one and a half or two inches in

diameter, with numerous brown membranous tunics, the

outer opaque, the inner glossy. Produced leaves usually

four, stiffly erect, linear, obtuse, slightly glaucescent, above

a foot long, a third or half an inch broad, deeply channelled

down the face in the lower half. Peduncle compressed,

gsuLY lst, 1885,

strongly ribbed on the two faces, rather shorter than the

leaves. Flowers eight or twelve in an umbel, horizontal or

drooping, pure white, fragrant; pedicels an inch or an inch

and a half long; spathe ovate, membranous, usually entire,

as long as the pedicels. Ovary ovoid-trigonous, green ;

perianth-tube subcylindrical, tinged with green, above half

an inch long; limb spreading horizontally, above half an

inch in diameter; segments suborbicular, distinctly cuspi-

date, much imbricated. Corona patelleform, pure white,

a quarter of an inch in diameter, entire or crenulate.

Anthers oblong, bright yellow, three reaching the tip of the

perianth-tube and three the rim of the corona.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, Perianth cut open to show the corona and stamens; 2, front view of an’

anther; 3, back view of an anther; 4, pistil :—all more or less enlarged.

“Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp

LReeve & C° London.

M. 3. del JN Atch hth

- Tan. 6826.

CORYDALIS PALLIDA.

- Native of China and Japan.

Nat. Ord. Paraveracex.—Sub-order FUMARIER.

Genus Corypatts, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 55.)

CoRYDALIS (capnoides) racemosa; perennis, caule erecto v. rarius decumbente

folioso, foliis deltoideo-ovatis tripinnatisectis segmentis polymorphis obcuneatis

oblongis linearibusve lobatis dentatisve, racemis multifloris, bracteis pedicellis

longioribus subulato-lanceolatis v. infimis dilatatis et serratis dentatisve, floribus

flavis 4-1 poll. longis, sepalis minutis deltoideo-ovatis, petalo postico lineari-

oblongo obtuso, calcare petalis multo breviore crasso obtuso, capsula polymorpha,

stylo filiformi, seminibus scaberulis v. impresso-punctatis.

C, pallida, Pers. l.c.; DC. Prodr. l.c.; Miquel l.c. 201; Maximov. in Bull.

Acad. Imp. Sc. Nat. vol. x. p. 49 in adnot.; Franch et Sav. l.ec. vol. i.

p- 31, ii. p. 27

C. heterocarpa, Sieh. et Zuce. in Koen. Ba‘er. Akad. Wissensch. Klass. Math.

Phys, vol. iv. 2, p. 173.

C. speciosa, Maxim. Prim. Fl. Amur. p. 39.

C. Wilfordii, Regel in Bot, Reis. Radde, vol. i. p. 148; Miguel l.c.; Franch. et

Sav, l. ¢. vol. i. p. 30, ii. p. 275.

—C. aurea, Willd., var. 8. speciosa, Regel Fi. Ussuri, p. 20; Bot. Reis. Radde,

p- 145; Gartenfi. 1861, p. 373, t. 343; Franch. et Sav. l.c. p. 201 and 275,

C. aurea, Willd., var. y. pallida, Regel Ul.c.

Sopnorocapnos pallida, Turcz. in Flora (Bot. Zeit.), vol. xxx. p. 707.

Foumarta pallida, Thunb, in Nov. Act. Petrop. vol. xii. p. 133, t. C.

A widely diffused and very variable native of subtropical

and temperate Hastern China and Japan, extending from

the Canton River to the Amur on the mainland, and also

inhabiting Formosa, Bonin, and the Japan Islands. Besides

varying greatly, as so many of its congeners do, in size and

number of flowers (one-third to two-thirds of an inch long),

the capsules present extraordinary differences in length,

from one-half to one and a half inches in breadth, from

narrowly to broadly lanceolate (one-eighth to one third of

an inch broad), straight or falcate, twisted or straight, and

with one or two rows of seeds; and a more curious form

than any other is one (of which the genus Sophorocapnos

was constituted) in which the pods are like a string of

beads, each bead containing a single seed, and attached to

Juuy Ist, 1885.

the next by a slender thread. These differences are so

great that it is to be regretted that Siebold and Zuccarini’s

name of heterocarpa has not priority. The seeds present

most puzzling variations; they are usually opaque, and

clothed with minute asperities, but in some specimens their

faces are smooth and polished, and in others the asperities

are replaced by impressed dots on the side and back, exactly

as in some specimens of the North American CV. aurea,

Willd., with which Regel has united the East Asiatic forms

as varieties. There is asecond Japanese Corydalis of which

very little is known, and which may prove to be another

form of this, the C. racemosa, Pers. (Fumaria racemosa,

Thunb.), which is figured as having a much smaller flower

and small bag-like spur. There are in the Kew Herbarium

specimens conforming to this character in which the pod is

narrow and sword-shaped, and the seeds not half the size

and having a few impressed dots only. It may be alluded

to as a singular fact that the widely-spread genus Fumaria

has not hitherto been found in Japan.

C. pallida was raised from seeds collected in the Kow-lun

Peninsula of China, north of the Canton River, and nearly

opposite to Hong Kong, by Mr. Ford, Superintendent of

the Botanical Gardens of the latter Island; these were

received in September, 1884, and flowered in the herbaceous

department in March of the present year.

Descr. A succulent perennial (Maxim.) herb, twelve to

eighteen inches high, with leafy terete pale reddish-brown

stem and tripinnatisect leaves rather glaucous beneath.

Leaflets very variable, oblong obovate or cuneate, variously

cut into broad or narrow obtuse lobes. Racemes one to five

inches long, many-fid.; bracts longer than the pedicel,

green, subulate or lanceolate, or the lower broader and

toothed. Sepals very small, triangular-ovate. Corolla one

inch long, golden yellow, with a pale brown patch towards

the obtuse tip of the dorsal petal, which is oblong, obtuse,

and produced behind into an obtuse stout spur half its own

length. Pod curved, torulose, with a long filiform style

and stigma of two divaricating lobulate arms. Seeds more

or less clothed with asperities or punctate, smaller than the

dimidiate aril.—J. D. H,.

Fig. 1, Flower; 2, sepal; 3, pistil ; 4, capsule ; 5, seeds:—all but fig. 4 enlarged.

6827

+ch |

Tun

eS Se a >

Sid. &

Tas. 6827.

RHODODENDRON NIVEUM, Var. FULVA.

Native of Sikkim Himalaya.

Nat. Ord. Ertcacex.— Tribe RHopopENDRER.

Genus RHopoDENDRoN, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. J. Gen, Pi. vol. ii. p. 599.)

RHODODENDRON niveum, Hook. f. Rhod. Sikkim Himatl., Conspect. p. 4, and in

Journ. Hort. Soe. vii. p. 78 and 93; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4730; Lemaire,

Jard. Fleur. iv. t. 421 ; Clarke in Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. iii. p. 466.

PR. Blumei, Nutt. in Hook. Kew Journ. vol. v. (1853), p. 366,

RHODODENDRON sp., Griff. Itin. Notes, i. 185, n. 947.

Var. fulva, foliis subtus fulvo-tomentosis.

I have been so frequently asked whether the subject of

the present plate can really be specifically identical with

the Lt. niveum, which is conspicuous for the snow-white

tomentum of the under-surface of the leaves and petioles,

that I have had it figured for comparison with the normal

state of that plant as figured at Plate 4730 of this work.

It will be seen that, except in the buff clothing of the under-

side of the leaves and the much deeper coloured and larger

higher-coloured truss, they do not differ in any appreciable

degree. ‘The species is remarkable as being almost the only

one of the Himalayan which has flowers similar in colour

to BR. ponticum (Plate 650), and F. catawbiense (Plate 1671).

The nearest to it in this respect is the old R. campanu-

latum (Plate 3759), which differs from nivewm in the broader

leaves of cinnamon brown colour beneath, in the lax truss

and toothed calyx, and in the glabrous ovary and capsule;

it further differs in the large pale anthers which it shares

with both the American and the Asia Minor species, those

of nivewm bemg dark brown.

The var. fulva is one of the original plants raised from

seeds sent by me in 1848-9 from Sikkim, and is planted in

a border bed in the 8.W. angle of the Temperate House,

where it flowered freely annually, and far exceeds in beauty

JULY Ist, 1885.

the type of the species which is no longer in cultivation in

that house. ’

It is a singular fact, that though the province of Sikkim

has been thrown open to collectors and travellers for

upwards of thirty years since the first Rhododendron seeds

were sent home from its mountains, there has been no

addition to the number of species found there in 1849.

These amounted to thirty (or forty, including strongly

marked varieties published as species), of which more than

half were new to science, and only three were known in

cultivation. On the other-hand, later collectors have added

not a few varieties to the known kinds, some of which are

exceedingly puzzling, notably the form of R. Falconeri and

of R. cinnabarum.: The journeys of Mr. Booth, collecting

for the late Mr. Nuttall in the neighbouring country of

Bhotan, resulted in an addition of eight new kinds, and of

a number of varieties or forms of the previously discovered

Sikkim ones. Altogether twenty-seven species are known

from Bhotan, of which eighteen are natives of Sikkim, and

one of countries south of Bhotan. Putting these data

along with the fact that the Bhotan Alps have never been

explored to a height at which Rhododendrons are found in

Sikkim, it follows that a rich harvest of the genus remains

to be garnered in the former country.

Further east in the Indian Alps the only country whence

Rhododendrons have been collected is Munnepore, which

has been visited botanically by Dr. Watt alone. That inde-

fatigable collector found many species there, from seeds of

which a number of young plants are being reared at Kew;

but judging from the dried specimens that accompanied

the seeds, these seem to be for the most part, if not wholly,

either Bhotan species or forms of them.—J. D. H.

’ Fig. 1, Calyx and ovary ; 3, folds at base of corolla; 3, anther :—al/ enlarged.

68:

Son hth

Day

Vincent Brooks

Tas. 6828,

ALLIUM GIGANTEUM.

Native of Central Asia.

Nat. Ord. Lintacen.— Tribe ALLIER.

Genus AtuiuM, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p- 802.)

Axtium (Molium) giganteum; bulbo globoso maximo, foliis 6-9 basalibus loratis

idis glaucescentibus sesquipedalibus margine glabris, scapo valido tereti

3~4-pedali, floribus permultis parvis lilacinis in umbellam globosam magnam

aggregatis, spathe valvis 2 ovatis cuspidatis, pedicellis strictis elonsatis,

perianthii segmentis oblanceolato-oblongis obtusis flore expanso patulis, stami-

nibus perianthio sesquilongioribus, filamentis subulatis deorsum lanceolatis

=o 2s thegpapats coalitis, ovario depresso-globoso breviter stipitato, stylo subulato

elongato.

A. giganteum, Regel in Gartenflora, vol. xxxii. (1883), p. 96, t. 1113; Deser.

Plant. Nov, fase. ix. p. 23.

A. elatum, Regel Descr. Pl. Nov. fase. ix. p. 23, 25, t. 20, figs. g, h, é et &.

This is the most striking species of a group of Alliums

which inhabit Central Asia, characterized by their tall

stature, broad leaves, small lilac flowers, and exserted

stamens. It was supposed by Dr. Regel to be a native of

the Himalayas, but that is a mistake. At the instigation

of Mr. Frank Miles, the well-known explorer and war

correspondent O’Donovan, who was killed in Egypt,

collected a number of bulbs on his adventurous expedition

to Merv, the account of which has lately been reprinted

in book form. It was from these bulbs, given by Mr.

Miles direct, and also by Max Leichtlin to Dr. Regel, that

the specimens were derived from which the plant was

originally named and figured. I think there can be no

question, now we know this, that Alliwm elatum, collected

by Dr. Albert Regel in the Khanate of Baldschuan, is

really the same species. Our own drawing was made from

a plant that flowered in the herbaceous ground at Kew in

June, 1883, the bulb of which was given to us also by

Max Leichtlin. It flowered also with Mr. Frank Miles at

aveusT lst, 18865.

Bingham, and a beautiful coloured drawing, which was

made from his plant by Mrs. Miles, is now lying before me.

Descr. Bulb globose, two or three inches in diameter.

Leaves six to nine, springing from the very base of the

peduncle, lorate, flaccid, glaucescent, glabrous on the

margin, withered at the tip by the time the plant is in

flower, a foot and a half long, two inches broad at the

middle. Peduncle terete, glaucous, stiffly erect, three or

four feet long. Flowers very numerous, forming a dense

globose umbel four inches in diameter; spathe-valves two,

membranous, ovate, cuspidate, soon falling. Perianth

bright lilac, one-fifth of an inch long; segments oblanceo-

late-oblong, obtuse, spreading widely when the flower is

fully expanded. Stamens half as long again as the

perianth-segments; filaments subulate, connected m a

short collar at the very base and lanceolate above it;

anthers minute, oblong. Ovary depresso-globose; style

subulate, a quarter of an inch long.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, The whole plant, much reduced in size; 2,a single flower; 3, front

view of an anther; 4, back view of an anther; 5, the pistil:—al/ more or less en-

larged,

6829.

Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp

M.S.del, J.N Fitch kth.

LReeve & C° London.

Tas, 6829,

SISYRINCHIUM rinirotiom.

Native of Fuegia and the Falkland Islands.

Nat. Ord. In1pEa.—Tribe SisyRInoHIEZz.

Genus Sisyrincuivum, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 698.)

Stsyrtncntum (Androsolen) filifolium; perenne, caulibus fastigiatis simplicibus

teretibus striatis basi foliosis, apice in spatham elongatam erectam productis,

foliis radicalibus filiformibus caulem squantibus brevioribusve, fasciculis

florum sessilibus v. pedunculatis 2~6-floris, perianthii segmentis subaqualibus

obovatis albis roseo-venosis basi aureis, filamentis in tubum inflatum mona-

delphis apicibus liberis, capsula globosa membranaceo-coriacea, seminibus

obovoideis, testa reticulata.

S. filifolium, Gaud. in Ann. Se. Nat. vol. v. p, 101, et in Freye. Voy. Bot. p.133;

DUrv. in Mem. Soc. Linn, Paris, vol. iv. p. 604; Hook f. Fl. Antarct.

p- 352, t. 126 ; Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. vol. xvi. p. 116.

8. Gaudichaudii, Dietr. Sp. Pl, vol. ii. p. 505.

The Falkland Islands, where this plant abounds, are

amongst the bleakest spots on the globe, considering their

latitude and abundant moisture; no tree grows on them,

and the only shrub that attains a few feet in height is the

well-known Veronica decussata of our greenhouses, and

that is confined to a limited area of the western of the

two great islands. Nor is the herbaceous vegetation very

varied or luxuriant, for of attractive plants for horticultural

purposes I remember but three, the subject of this plate,

the Calceolaria Fothergillii (Plate 348), and the lovely

Oxalis enneaphylla, lately figured (at Plate 6256) in this

work. The Ovzalis adorns the rocky shores of the islands,

but the Sisyrinchiwm rears its head from out of the

heather-like masses of crowberry (Hinpetrum nigrum, var.

rubrum) which cover the ground, exposing its lovely white

bells to the bitter blasts from over the Antarctic ice. It

also grows, but very locally, on the adjacent American

coast of Tierra del Fuego, and is closely allied to a West

American species, the S. Nuno, Bert., of Chili, which is a

much smaller and more slender plant, with flowers not

half the size, and a filiform tip to the spathe. In the

auaust Ist, 1885.

“Flora Antarctica” the filaments are figured as frec, and

described as almost so, whilst those of the specimen now

represented are monadelphous nearly to the top. On

re-examining some native specimens, I find them to be

united even higher up, and the anthers to be much larger

than in the cultivated plant. They possibly vary in amount

of cohesion.

For the opportunity of figuring this pretty plant I am

indebted to Mr. Burbidge, of the Botanic Gardens, Trinity

College, Dublin, who received its roots in a sod of Lomaria

alpina, collected. in the Falkland Islands by Mrs. Brandon,

and flowered it in April last. Its familiar name in the

colony is the ** Pale Maiden.”

Drscr. Densely tufted; roots of long slender fleshy

fibres. Stem six to twelve inches high, slender, green,

erect, unbranched, ending in a foliaceous compressed

lanceolate spathe two to three inches long, and produced

into an erect point. Leaves as long as or shorter than

the stem, linear, three-channelled, grass-green. Flowers

two to six in a cluster, inclined or nodding, each with a

lanceolate spathe at the base of the filiform pedicels, which

are one inch long or less. Perianth from one-half to

nearly an inch in diameter, broadly subcampanulate ;

segments subequal, obovate, obtuse or retuse, white with

three pink veins, and a yellow patch at the base. Stamens

three, their filaments connate into a membranous flagon-

shaped body with free tips; anthers linear-oblong, yellow.

Ovary turbinate; style short, with three arms that are

slightly dilated at the top.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Outer, and 2, inner perianth-segments ; 3, ovary anl stamens; 4 and 5,

anthers; 6, style and its arms :—a// enlarged,

- Tas. 6830.

DELPHIN IUM casumrrianum, var. WALKERT,

Native of Kashmir.

Nat. Ord. RanuncvLacEx.—Tribe HELLEBORER.

Genus Detpuinium, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pi. vol. i. p. 9.)

DeELPHINIUM cashmirianum, Royle Ill. Bot. Himal. p. 55, t. 12; Hook. f. et

Thoms. Fl. Ind. p. 52 (exel. syn. D. Jacquemontianum) ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit.

Ind. vol. i. p. 26; Bot. Mag. t. 6189.

Var. Walkeri; humilis, pilis albidis patentibus hirsuta, caule perbrevi folioso,

foliis gracile petiolatis orbiculatis 5—7-lobatis lobis crenatis crenis apiculatis,

floribus apicem versus caulis subumbellatis longe gracile pedicellatis laxe

hirsutis pallide czeruleis, petalis sordide flavis.

The Western Himalayan Larkspurs are a most puzzling

group, and I find it exceedingly difficult to distinguish

all states of D. vestitum, Wall., from some of those of

D. cashmirianum, and this again from D. Brunonianum

and D. viscosum. The glandular hairs of the two latter in

their normal state afford a marked character which the

two former do not exhibit, and in their fresh state they

emit a powerfully fetid musky odour; but the amount of

hairiness of all Larkspurs varies extremely, as does the

degree of viscidity and odour of the musky species; so

that it is not at all improbable that these latter will prove

to be high alpine states of the scentless ones. Indeed

the tendency of plants to become viscid and strongly

scented with elevation is a striking characteristic of the

Himalayan Flora, as exhibited in the Rhododendrons and

other genera. The plant here figured was raised by Mrs.

Walker, of Chace Cottage, Enfield, from seeds sent from

Rawul Pindi, in the Western Himalaya, by her son, Col.

Walker, and it was kindly sent to Kew by that lady for

examination. It has been carefully compared by Professor

Oliver and myself with the figures and descriptions of

D. cashmirianum, and with the copious suites of specimens

of that plant in the Kew Herbarium, with the result that.

whilst not corresponding with anything figured or known,

it presents no character of sufficient importance to warrant

avuGust Ist, 1885,

its being regarded as a different species. The original

figure and description of D. cashmirianum in Royle’s

** Botany of the Himalaya Mountains” represent a slender

hirsute plant, with flowers of the same size and form of

that here figured, but with more sharply-cut leaves and

more racemose flowers with pale blue petals. The only

other figure of this species is that given at Plate 6189 of

this work, which represents a nearly glabrous plant, with

the leaves of Royle’s, but more corymbose larger violet-

blue flowers with black and green petals. In the Herbarium

there is every intermediate between glabrous and hirsute

stem-leaves and flowers, and between sharp and obtuse

lobes of the leaf, but the inflorescence is always more or

less corymbose, as in Mr. Walker’s plant, which distin-

guishes cashmirianum from vestitum, in which the flowers

form a strict erect elongate raceme.

A further presumption in favour of var. Walkeri being

an abnormal form is seen in the condition of some of the

uppermost and floral leaves, which are reduced to small

ovate or ovate-cordate long-petioled three-nerved blades,

only half an inch long, quite entire or obscurely lobed at

the side. I find no organs like these in any other species

of the genus; they are, no doubt, altered states of the

bracts, which Royle figures as oblong and sessile. Lastly,

though I find no specimen of D. cashmirianwm with an

abbreviated leafy many-flowered stem like that of this

variety, almost stemless solitary-flowered specimens occur.

Mr. Walker has been good enough to send to Kew living

plants of another Himalayan Larkspur, which differs from

this and from the normal forms of D. cashmirianum in the

pentagonal five-lobed leaves, and which, if it prove sufficiently

distinct from those previously figured, will find a place in

this work.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Petals; 2, stamens :—both enlarged.

SSR ene rca seen

see

N.Fitch hth,

vy)

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Ith

Tas. 6831,

oe EUCHARIS MAsTERsI.

B. EUCHARIS SANDERI, var. MULTIPLORA.

_ Natives of New Granada.

_ Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDE2.—Tribe AMARYLLEZ.

Genus Evcnaris, Planch. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 731.)

Evcuaris Mastersii ; bulbo globoso, foliis petiolatis ovatis acutis viridibus glabris

venis curvatis 15—-16-jugis, scapo gracili tereti, umbellis paucifloris, spathe

valvis parvis lanceolatis, pedicellis brevissimis, ovario oblongo-trigono, perianthii

tubo sursum infundibulare deorsum cylindrico, limbo patulo tubo duplo breviori,

segmentis ovatis late imbricatis, cyathi striis luteo-viridulis margine libero

angusto inter filamentos dentibus 2 deltoideis predito, antheris parvis yersa-

tilibus, stylo staminibus eminente apice stigmatoso incrassato trilobato. -

This new Hucharis, which at the request of the im-

porters, Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, has

been named after Dr. Masters, F.R.S., is intermediate

between the two finest species already known, FH. grandiflora,

Planch. et Lind. (Plate 4971) (amazonica, Hort.), and EL.

Sanderit, Baker (Plate 6676). It has entirely the same

habit and leaf, and the same large pure white perianth-

limb, but is different from both of them in the staminal

cup (often, but improperly, called a corona), of which the

free portion in the present plant forms a narrow but united

collar-like rim to the perianth-tube, with two deltoid teeth

between the base of each filament. Our drawing was made

from specimens sent by the importers, with whom it

flowered in the month of February of the present year.

Duscr. Bulb globose, one and a half or two inches in

diameter. Leaves distinctly petioled, oblong, acute, just

like those of E. grandiflora and Sanderii in shape and

texture, eight or ten inches long, four or five inches broad,

bright green on the upper surface, pale green beneath,

with fifteen or sixteen curved veins on each side between

the midrib and margin. Scape slender, glaucous, terete,

under a foot long. Umbel two-flowered in the specimen

avuausT lst, 1885.

drawn ; pedicels very short; valves of the spathe small,

green, lanceolate. Ovary green, oblong-trigonous. Perianth-

tube two or two and a half inches long, cylindrical in the

lower two-thirds, infundibuliform in the upper third, with a

throat half an inch in diameter ; limb pure white, three inches

in diameter; segments ovate, much imbricated. Staminal

cup striped with green, adnate to the tube of the perianth

except a narrow collar-like rim, which has a couple of

deltoid teeth between each filament. Style reaching nearly

to the tip of the perianth-segments, thickened and obtusely

three-lobed at the stigmatose apex.

HE, Sanderii, Bot. Mag., tab. 6676, proves to vary con-

_ siderably in the size and number of the flowers and the

colour of the stripes of the staminal cup, which in this

species is entirely adnate to the tube of the perianth except

the marginal teeth. In the form figured on the lower

left-hand corner of the present plate there are five or six

flowers, considerably smaller than those of the type, and

the stripes of the staminal cup are green. This also was

imported by Messrs. F. Sander and Co.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, Anthers of HZ, Mastersii ; 2, tip of its style: —both much enlarged.

Tab. 6832.

ALPINIA ? pumita.

Native of Eastern China.

Nat. Ord. Sctraminem.—Tribe ZINGIBERER.

Genus Atpinia, Linn. ; (Benth, et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. iii, p. 648.)

Atrinta? pumila; humilis, acaulis, surculis vaginatis, rhizomate repente, foliis

petiolatis ellipticis elliptico-ovatisve acuminatis striato-nervosis petiolo in

vaginam angustam elongatam longiorem producto, scapo petiolo multo breviore,

bracteis oblongo-lanceolatis vaginato robusto flexuoso densifloro sericeo-

pubescente, floribus parvis spicatis, bracteis 2-3-floris oblongis calycis tubo

obseure 3-lobo villoso brevioribus, corolle parve tubo vix exserto, ento

portion oblongo obtuso fornicato lateralibus consimilibus, staminodiis a, a

nceolatis erectis, labello oblongo recurvo obtuso albo rubro venoso, marginibus

grosse crenatis, filamento exserto latiusculo, connectivo dorso papilloso ultra

loculos lineari-oblongos vix producto obtuso, stigmate aavellas truncato

ciliato.

A very remarkable little scitamineous plant, which I fail

to refer satisfactorily to any published genus of the order.

It differs from all described species of Alpinia in the

scapigerous inflorescence, which is not terminal as in that

genus, but on a separate short scape as in the section

Geanthus of Amomum, in EHlettaria, &c. It differs from

both these genera in the form of the anthers and in the

long filaments, and is probably either the type of a new

genus, or of a new section of Alpinia which would then

contain plants with both terminal and radical inflorescence,

as is the case in Amomum.

Alpinia pumila is a native of the Lo-fan-shan Mountains

on the coast of China, nearly opposite the Island of Hong

Kong, where it was discovered by Mr. Chas. Ford, Super-

intendent of the Hong Kong Gardens, whence he trans-

mitted live plants to Kew in 1883, which flowered in April

of the present year in a stove.

Descr. Rootstock creeping, underground, as thick as a

goose-quill, pale yellow, slightly aromatic, but not pungent ;

shoots clothed with brown obtuse imbricating membranous

sheaths nearly an inch long. Leaves two or three together,

auGusT Ist, 1885,

erect from the rootstock; blade four to six inches long,

elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, rather coriaceous,

green with whitish stripes between the nerves, of which

there are six to eight pairs stronger than the others, but

all are very fine and close; under surface a paler green;

petiole two to four inches long, grooved above, upper

portion erect, much shorter than the sheathing lower

portion which terminates above in two small auricles.

- Scape or flowering stem springing directly from the root-

stock at the base of leaves, with the inflorescence about

two inches long, stout, flexuous, green, tomentosely pubes-

cent above, furnished with several scarious brown sheathing

bracts, the lower of which are elliptic-lanceolate and nearly

an inch long. lowers about an inch long, in a short

rather dense spike, about two to each bract, quite sessile,

suberect; lower bracts longer than the flower, upper

shorter. Calyx tubular, rather dilated above and three-

lobed at the truncate mouth, bright red, pubescent.

Corolla-tube shortly exserted, two dorsal and lateral lobes

subequal, oblong, obtuse, concave, very pale pink; lip as

long as the lateral lobes, recurved or almost revolute, broadly

ovate with incurved deeply crenate sides and an erect

subulate-lanceolate staminode on each side at the base,

nearly white with broad bright red veins. [Filament as long

as the dorsal segment of the corolla, broad, concave in

front; anther of two linear-oblong parallel cells free at

their tips above and below; connective thickened and

glandular at the back, produced very shortly beyond the

anther-cells into a rounded tip. Ovary silkily tomentose,

green, subglobose, completely three-celled; ovules many,

biseriate in each cell; style slender, stigma clavellate, trun-

cate, top ciliate round the edge.—J. D. H.

Eis. Stary and calyx, with corolla in bud; 2, lip and staminodes ; 3, anther ;

Yoda and inner staminodes; 5, stigma; 6, transverse section of ovary :—all

Lam

68: Ped,

Vinecnt Brooks Day & Son Imp

M.S.del,J.N.Frtch hth

Tab. 6833.

AN THURIUM GLAZIOVII.

Native of Brazil.

Nat. Ord. Anorpex.—Tribe ORnonTIER.

Genus AnTHURIUM, Schott; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii, p. 998.)

AnTHvrivm (Pachyneurum) Glaziovii ; acaule, foliorum lamina bipedali obovato-

v. oblanceolato-oblonga crasse coriacea plana basi angustata et in geniculum

brevem attenuata apice obtusa, costa crassa dorso 3-carinata, nervis primariis

utrinque ad 10 erecto-patentibus nervo marginali interrupto, petiolo teretius-

culo lamina ter breviore antice canaliculato, geniculo pollicari teretiusculo,

unculo petiolo 2-3-plo longiore tereti luride virescente rubro-purpureo

irrorato, spatha 7-pollicari lineari-oblonga, marginibus breviter decurrentibus

intus rubro-purpurea extus luride viridi demum horizontaliter patente et torta,

spadice 8-pollicari breviter stipitato subgracili a basi ad apicem attenuato

luride purpureo, floribus minutis, perianthii segmentis 4 quadratis truncatis,

filamentis brevibus latis, antheris oblongis, ovario turbinato, stigmate nigro.

Mr. N. HE. Brown, whose knowledge of the Aroidee is

extensive and profound, has been good enough to aid me

in the comparison of this plant both with the species in

the Gardens and Herbarium at Kew, and the descriptions

of Schott and Engler, and we are reluctantly obliged to

consider it undescribed. I have, therefore, given it the

name of the indefatigable botanist who sent it to Kew, M.

-Glaziou, the Director of Public Parks and Gardens at Rio

de Janeiro. It belongs to the section Pachyneurum, of

Schott, which in Engler’s ‘‘ Monograph of Aracee” contains

about seventeen species, most of them natives of Hastern

tropical America from Mexico to Guiana. One alone is

described as Brazilian, the A. affine, Schott. It is a near

ally of A. Glaziovii, but this differs in the terete knee at

the top of the petiole, in the peduncle not being at all

keeled, in the spathe not being produced into a long point,

and in the spadix being attenuated upwards from the base,

and not cylindric.

A, Glaziovii was sent to Kew in 1880, with no note as to

its exact habitat, which is only presumably Rio de Janeiro ;

though as amongst M. Glaziou’s Brazilian contributions

‘SEPT. Ist, 1885.

there are sundry inhabitants of other countries, it may well

be that this is one of them. It is a noble species, and much

handsomer than A. crassinervium or affine. It flowered

first in June, 1881.

Desor. Stemless. Jeaves four or five, suberect, dark

shining green, not glaucous beneath ; blade narrowly oblong-

obovate or -oblanceolate, obtuse or subacute, thickly coria-

ceous, flat; base shortly narrowed into the knee at the top

of the petiole; midrib very stout, convex above, three-keeled

at the back; principal nerves about ten pair, erecto-patent,

very strong, irregularly connected into an obscure inter-

rupted intermarginal nerve; secondary nerves reticulated,

faint above except when dry; petiole one-third the length

of the blade or less, subcylindric, of a dirty yellowish green,

with short red-brown streaks. Spathe seven inches long

by about one broad, linear-oblong, acuminate, shortly de-

current on the peduncle, dirty green externally, dull vinous

purple within, spreading horizontally and twisted in age.

Spadiw erect, very shortly stoutly stipitate, eight inches

- long by three-quarters of an inch in diameter at the base,

gradually tapering from the base to the obtuse tip, of a

fine vinous purple colour spotted with the black stigmas.

Flowers minute, densely packed ; perianth-segments four,

nearly square in outline and triangular in section, about

one-twelfth of an inch long; tips truncate, quite flat.

Filaments very broad; anther-cells oblong, half the length

of the filament. Ovary narrowly turbinate ; stigma cushion-

shaped, sunk in the top of the ovary.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Reduced figure of whole plant; 2, section of midrib of leaf; 3, portion of

spadix with flowers ; 4, two flowers; 5 and 6, perianth-segments ; 7 and 8, stamens,

9, ovary :—all but fig. 1 enlarged.

6854.

eon

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp

M.S.del, IN-Fitch ith

OT a BC OST none

Tas. 6834.

PEN TSTEMON Menziesu, var. Scounert.

Native of North-West America.

Nat. Ord. ScRoPHULARIACER.— Tribe CHELONER.

Genus Pentstemon, Mitch. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 940.)

PENTSTEMON (Eupentstemon) Menziesii ; suffruticosus, glaberrimus v. inflores-

centia partibusque novellis glanduloso-puberulis, foliis ovatis oblongis oblanceo-

latisve integerrimis v. serratis inferioribus breviter petiolatis, floribus racemosis

v. subpaniculatis 1-2-bracteolatis, sepalis ovato-lanceolatis linearibusve acumi-

natis, corolla erecta 1—2-pollicari infundibulari-tubulosa bilabiata, labio superiore

2-fido inferiore 3-fido, antheris villosis demum peltatis, loculis brevibus diver-

gentibus, filamentis sterilibus nudis apice barbatis.

2. oe Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. vol. ii. p. 78; Benth. in DC. Prodr. vol. x.

p- 320.

Var. Scouleri, foliis lanceolatis v. oblanceolatis acute pauci-serratis corolla 2-pollicari

violacea. A. Gray in Proc. Amer. Acad. vol. vi. p. 56, and Synopt. Fl. N.

Am. vol. ii. part 1, p. 260.

P. Scouleri, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1277; Benth in DC. Prodr, vol. x. p. 320.

Though very unlike the ordinary state of P. Menziesit,

which is a much smaller plant with fewer flowers and much

broader smaller often obovate or obcuneate leaves, there

are so many intermediate states between them that it is

impossible to challenge Asa Gray’s decision that they are

one species; and indeed there are other forms no less

distinct from both, as var. Newberryi, A. Gray, with rose-

coloured flowers; var. Douglasii, A. Gray (P. crassifolius,

Lindl.; Bot. Reg. vol. xxiv. t. 16), with quite entire oblan-

ceolate leaves, and especially var. Lyallui, A. Gray, with

linear-lanceolate leaves three to four inches long, and often

racemose flowers. As is to be expected in a plant having

so wide a range of variation, P. Menziesii has a corre-

spondingly wide area of distribution, being found on the

lofty Sierras of Western North America, from the sources

of the Fraser River in British Columbia, southward to middle

California; and from the sea-level at Nootka Sound, where

it was discovered by Archibald Menzies, to an elevation of

8000 feet on the Sierra Nevada, where I have gathered it

SEPT. Ist, 1885.

in company with Dr. Gray in the Yosemite Valley, and on

Mount Shasta. The var. Scowleri is the more exclusively

northern form, but the dwarf small and broad-leaved type

occurs as far north as any. It is a beautiful plant, the

seeds of which were sent from the Cambridge (Massachu-

setts) Botanical Gardens. It flowered in the month of

May, and is perfectly hardy.

Drsor. A herb, or almost an undershrub, one to two

feet high, glabrous except the sparsely glandular-hairy tips

of the young shoots and inflorescence; branches cylindric,

terete, dark brown. Leaves one to two inches long, opposite,

usually oblanceolate, acute or acuminate, coriaceous, sharply

toothed or quite entire, the upper sessile, the lower narrowed

‘into a short petiole; nerves obscure. Flowers two inches

long, pale violet-blue, shortly pedicelled, axillary and

running out into leafy racemes, or the lower paniculate ;

pedicels a quarter of an inch long, one- to two-bracteate

under the flower. Sepals subulate-lanceolate, acuminate,

one-third of an inch long. Oorolla straight, between

funnel- shaped and tubular, tube rather compressed,

shallowly grooved or ribbed; mouth oblique, two-lipped,

one and a half inch in diameter; lips undulate, upper erect

two-lobed, lower spreading three-lobed, lobes rounded,

sub-crenate. Stamens included, anthers clothed with long

hairs, at length peltate; cells short, diverging, barren

filaments with a terminal tuft of hair. Ovary linear-oblong,

sparsely glandular towards the tip.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Calyx, bracts and style; 2, base of corolla and stamens; 3, anther;

4, ovary :—all enlarged.

———

6835

Vincertt Brooks Day.& Son Imp

MS.del, IN-Fitch ith.

LReeve & C2 London.

Tas. 6835.

ARCTOTIS avurzona (upper figure).

ARCTOTIS revotura (lower figure).

Wadieas of tis aps of Cond Hope

Nat. Ord. Compositz.—Tribe ARcToTIDER.

Genus Arcromis, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 458.)

AxrctToTis aureola; erecta v. decumbens, ramosa, niveo-lanata, foliis sessilibus

oblongis obovato-oblongisve sinuato-pinnatitidis, lobis oblongis v. late ovatis

apice rotundatis integris v. sublobatis supra lete viridibus, basi auriculatis

auriculis lobatis, pedunculis lanatis et minutissime glanduloso-pilosis, capitulis

3-44 poll. latis aureis aurantiacisve, involucri glabriusculi late hemispherici

— late oblongis apice rotundatis viridibus nigro-limbatis, extimis linea-

ribus recurvis, intimis scariosis, ligulis 2-seriatis obtusis, floribus disci aureis,

stigmatibus piceis, acheniis lanatis, pappi squamis lineari-oblongis interioribus

duplo majoribus.

A. aureola, Ker in Bot. Reg. t. 32.

A. aspera, Linn., var. y. aureola, DC. Prodr. vol. vi. p. 488.

A. aspera, Linn., var. «. undulata, Berg.; Harv. Fl. Cap. vol. iii. p. 453.

The genus Arctotis promises to be a puzzle to systematic

botanists and horticulturists, and until a good many more

of its forms are in cultivation it is impossible to define the

species with any approach to confidence. The larger

orange-yellow species here figured was obtained by Mr.

Lynch at the Cambridge Botanical Gardens, under the

name of A. speciosa, Jacq., a stemless very different-looking

plant, figured at Plate 2182 of this work (and referred to

A. acaulis, Linn., by De Candolle and Harvey). It was

sent to Kew and examined by Prof. Oliver, who recognized

it as A. awreola, Ker, a very old inhabitant of European

gardens, though long since gone out of cultivation; and

the question arises as to the name that A. aureola should

bear ; for according to its author, Ker, it is the ‘A. wndulata

of Gaertner, whereas De Candolle makes it a distinct variety

(v. awreola) of A. aspera, Linn., in which he is followed by

Harvey in the “ Flora Capensis,” who, however, takes the

name of wndulata for the variety, and combines with it the

A. cuprea, Jacquin. Now A. aspera is a half-shrubby

SEPT. Ist, 1885. —

hispid and scabrous plant, very variable in foliage,

differing according to Ker (and this is borne out by the

Cambridge specimen) in this respect of scabridity, in the

want of subulate or acicular shaggy outer scales of the

involucre, and in the larger and differently coloured flowers.

There are no doubt all characters of degree, as an examina-

tion of a suite of Herbarium specimens of A. aspera shows ;

but if they are not taken into account, and if A. aureola is

to be merged in A. aspera, so must not a few other species

of the genus. i

Mr. Lynch points out that his plant differs from the type

figured in the Register in being weak and straggling instead

of stiff and erect, and that unlike A. awreola it strikes freely

from cuttings, on which account he suggests that it should

bear some distinctive name; but I think it would be inex-

pedient to found varieties of exotic plants grown in gardens

on such characters, and in the present chaotic state of the

genus Arctotis, it is very undesirable to multiply names ;

and all the more in this case, because the genus is not, and

never will be, an established one in the gardens of this

country, the plants not being long-lived, and requiring

favourable seasons for their full development out of doors.

Mr. Lynch’s specimens were received from Mr. Max

Leichtlin, of Baden-Baden, and flowered in April last. The

flowers were exceptionally fine, and this is attributed by

Mr. Lynch to grafting on the more robust A. aspera, var.

arborescens (see Plate 6528); it may, however, be suspected

that the hot season may have had more effect than this.

A. revoluta, Jacq., also a Cape plant, of which a head is

figured on the plate, was received from Mr. Lynch with the

above; in white cottony clothing, and the form, &c., of the

leaves, it closely resembles A. aureola, but the outer

involucral scales are much narrower, with tomentose tips,

and the others have no black border.—J. D. H.

_Fig. 1, Flower of ray; 2, outer and inner pappus scale of ditto; 3, style arms of

ditto ; 4, flower of disk ; 5, tip of petal; 6, anther; 7, style arms :—all enlarged.

Vincent Brooks, Day & Son imp.

Reeve & C2 London.

Tap. 6836.

DIDYMOSPERMA wNanom.

Native of Assam.

Nat. Ord. PatmMex.—Tribe ARECINER.

Genus Dipymosrerms, Wend/. and Drude; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl.

vol. iii, p. 917.)

DipyMosPERMA nanum; palma 1-3-pedalis, erecta, caudice a basi folioso, foliis

suberectis petiolatis pinnatis, pinnis 2-3 jugis suboppositis sessilibus cuneato-

obovatis v. oblongis inequaliter lobatis spinuloso-eroso-dentatis, basi cuneata

integerrima, terminali latiore sepe 2-fida, supra glabris flabellatim striato-

nervosis, subtus glaucescentibus glabris v. costa tenuiter furfuracea, petiolo

elongato gracili, vagina elongata rete tenui ferrugineo-furfuracea, spadicibus

illaribus simplicibus furcatisve erectis, pedunculo brevi spathis subdistichis

imbricatis oblongis obtusis furfuraceis tecto, floribus dense spicatis albis, ¢

oblongis sepalis orbiculatis membranaceis, petalis oblongis obtusis concavis

valvatis, staminibus ad 14, filamentis brevibus, fl. 2 subglobosis, sepalis late

ovatis, petalis triangulari-ovatis crasse coriaceis valvatis, stigmatibus minutis

sessilibus, fructu oblique oblongos obtusos 1-spermos, embryone dorsali.

D. nanum, Wendl. and Drude, in Kerchov. de Denterg., Les Palmiers, p. 243.

Watticuta (Orania) nana, Griff. in Cale, Journ. Nat. Hist. vol. v. p. 488; Mart.

Hist. Nat. Palm. p. 190, t. 315.

Harina nana, Griff. Palm. Brit. Ind. p. 176, t. 238, A, B.

With the exception of some Madagascar species of Dypsis,

and South American Chamedoreas, and perhaps Geonomas,

this is the dwarfest Palm I can recall to mind, rarely ex-

ceeding two feet in height. It is, however, for its size far

more robust than the plants mentioned above, and having

none of the grace of the order to which it belongs, it is

unsuited for decorative purposes. Didymosperma, as a

genus, consists of six or seven species, all from transgan-

getic India and the Malay Islands. They are separated

from Wallichia by their short three-cleft calyx and numerous

stamens. One species, D. distichum, differs from almost all

other Palms in having distichous leaves terminating a tall

caudex like that of Ravenalia; the rest are, as far as is

known, chiefly dwarf. There is aspecies very like D. nanum,

apparently undescribed, found at Perak in the Malayan

Peninsula, differing in the quite glabrous sheaths and

petioles, which are more slender; the leaflets suddenly

SEPT. Ist, 1885.

terminate in long points, and the fruitis globose. D.nanum

is a native of the Assam Valley, where it was discovered by

Major Jenkins nearly half a century ago, and sent by him

to Griffith when in charge of the Calcutta Botanical

Gardens; it has since been found by several collectors, and

by myself in the same valleys at the northern base of the

Khasia Hills. The specimen here figured was received

from Dr. King, of the Calcutta Botanical Gardens, in 1874,

and flowers annually in the winter months.

Descr. A dwarf robust Palm, two to three feet high,

with furfuraceous rusty pubescence on the leaf-sheaths,

petioles and spathes. Stem short, clothed with leaf-sheaths.

Leaves one to two feet long, pinnate, glabrous above, rather

glaucous beneath ; leaflets one to three pair with an odd

one, subopposite, sessile, seven to ten inches long by three

to five inches broad, cuneately obovate or oblong, acute,

rounded or truncate, irregularly transversely cut or lobed,

finely sharply irregularly toothed, except the quite entire

cuneate base, midrib strong, lateral nerves very slender,

flabellate ; oblong thickenings occur on the under-surface

at the very base of the pinnules between the nerves ; terminal

pinnule broader, often bifid or bipartite; petiole long, slender;

sheath long with fibrous margins. Spadiz of male and female

stout, quite erect,simple or forked once or twice, the branches

erect; spathes imbricate, concealing the stout peduncle,

oblong, obtuse, concave, the upper often two-fid. Flowers

densely crowded on a stout rachis; male about a quarter

of an inch long, buds oblong obtuse, stamens numerous,

included; female larger, one-third of an inch in diameter,

globose, with broader calyx and corolla; ovary trigonously

globose; stigmas very minute. /rwit oblong, about half

an inch long, white. Seed solitary.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Underside of base of leaflet; 2, female flower seen from above; 3, the

837.

ei ti

e & C2 London.

Reey

M.S. del, IN-Fitch ith.

Tas. 6837.

PRIMULA <Avricuna.

Native of Central Europe.

Nat. Ord. PrtmcLacex.—Tribe PrimuLen.

Genus Patmuta, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 631.)

Priva Auricula; rhizomate crasso elongato fibris radicalibus eylindricis elon-

gatis, foliis pluribus rosulatis sessilibus obovato-cuneatis glabris vel pubescentibus,

utringue plus minus farinosis margine pallidis farinosis integris vel superne

crenatis, pedunculo foliis eminente gabe vel superne pubescente, umbellis

3-20-floris, bracteis minutis ovatis, pedicellis calyce longioribus, calyce cam-

* panulato segmentis ovatis obtusis tubo 2-3-plo brevioribus, corolla lutese tubo

infundibulari, limbi segmentis obovato-cuneatis profunde emarginatis, fructu

globoso calyce longiori.

P, Auricula, Linn. Sp. Plant. edit. 2, p. 205; Jacg. Fl. Austr. t. 415; Hoppe in

Sturm Deutsch, Flora, Pent. Mon. cum icone ; DC. F1. Frane. vol. iii. p. 448 ;

Koch Syn. Fl. Germ. edit. 2, p. 674; Reich. Ic. Fl. Germ. vol. xvii. p. 33,

t. 1093, figs. 1,2; Gren. and Godr, Fl. Frane, vol. ii. p. 451.

P. lutea, Vill. Delph. vol. ii. p. 469.

In view of the interest that is being taken at present in

Alpine Primulas, and of the exhibition and conference

which is intended to be held next spring under the auspices

of the Royal Horticultural Society, it seemed very desirable

that a figure and full description of Primula Auricula

should be given in the BorantcaL Macazine. It is one of

the most widely spread of all of the species, as it extends

in a wild state from Dauphine and the Jura on the west

through Switzerland to Lombardy, the Tyrol, Hungary and

Transylvania. But although it is so well known to botanists,

the synonymy as above given being only a small selection

of the botanical works in which it has been noticed or

described, yet this typical wild form does not appear to

have ever been figured in any of the horticultural journals,

-What the relation is of this widely-spread wild type to the

multiform races of the garden Auricula is a subject that

still remains to be fully worked out. It evidently both runs

into varieties and hybridizes freely with several other

species, both of the Awriculastra and Arthritica groups, but

the subject is much too wide to be discussed fully now.

SEPT. lsT, 1885.

Our drawing was made from a plant that flowered in the

rockery at Kew in the course of the present summer.

Descr. Rootstock nearly as thick as a man’s little finger,

sending out copious whip-like root-fibres. Leaves many in

a rosette, sessile, obovate-cuneate, two or three inches long,

an inch or an inch and a half broad, glabrous or pubescent,

more or less farinose on both sides, especially when young,

cartilaginous and farinose on the margin, entire or crenate

in the upper third or half. Peduncle longer than the leaves,

sometimes half a foot long, glabrous or pubescent towards

the apex. lowers three to twenty in an umbel, bright

yellow, fragrant; bracts minute, ovate, mealy; pedicels

half or three-quarters of an inchlong, Calyx campanulate,

nearly one-sixth of an inch long; segments ovate-oblong,

obtuse, less than half as long as the tube. Corolla-tube

narrowly infundibuliform, under half an inch long; limb

half or three-quarters of an inch in diameter; segments

obovate-cuneate, deeply emarginate. Stamens in the short-

styled form, as drawn, forming a ring below the throat of

the corolla-tube. Capsule globose, a quarter of an inch

long and broad.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, Calyx; 2, corolla, cut open; 3, an anther; 4, pistil of short-styled form

—all more or less enlarged.

Peis ene

)

: Day & Son inp

Tas. 6838,

CHAMAIDOREA Arensurarana.

Native of Guatemala.

Nat. Ord. Patmex.—Tribe ARECINER.

Genus Caammporza, Wendl. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 910.)

CaimMmporeEA (Stephanostachys) Arenbergiana; palma gracilis, caule erecto

solitario remote annulato, foliis maximis pinnatis, vaginis longissimis cylin-

dricis, pinnis multijugis 1-14-pedalibus e basi lata oblongo-lanceolatis attenuato-

acuminatis multicostatis, spathis plurimis 6-10-pollicaribus arcte sese appressis

apicibus erectis lineari-oblongis obtusis viridibus striatis vaginam pedalem

efformantibus, spadicibus infra foliaceis, masculis brevissime pedunculatis

subumbellatim ramosis, pedunculo spathis omnino occluso, ramis_ effusis

pedalibus crassitie digiti minoris cylindraceis stramineis, femineis 6-pollicaribus

simplicibus suberectis femineis paullo crassioribus; fl. mas. calyce minimo

3 dentato, corolle segmentis orbiculatis concavis convolutivo-imbricatis,

antherarum loculis brevibus divaricatis, pistillodio columnari obscure 3-lobo;

fl. fem. petalis latioribus transverse oblongis concavis, staminodiis 0, ovario

subgloboso 3-lobo, stigmatibus 3 parvis trigonis acutis.

CH. Dragged pica Wendl. Ind. Palm.66. Kerch. de Denterg. Les Palmiers, p. 75,

g. 33.

Cu. latifrons vel latifolia, Hort.

SparnascapHE Arenbergiana, Girst. Palm. Centramer. in Vidensk. Meddel. Nat.

For. Kjobenhav. 1858, p. 30, and L’ Amerique centrale, t. 7, fig. 29-37.

A very elegant Palm, about five and a half feet high, with

acrown of leaves composed of numerous regularly pinnated

leaflets.. It belongs to the large genus Chamedorea, which

has its headquarters in the hot regions of Central America,

very few being found in the Andean region south of it, or in

Brazil. C. Arenbergiana is nearly allied to C. Tepejilote,

figured at Plate 6030 of this work, but is a much larger

plant, with broader leaflets, a more exserted male spadix,

with much longer, thicker and paler branches; this further

differs in the distinctly developed calyx and considerably

larger flowers.

The Royal Gardens are indebted to Mr. Wendland, of

Herrenhausen, for living plants of this beautiful Palm,

which were received in 1879; it flowers in the month of

March.

_ Descr. Caudex five and a half feet high, green, ringed at

ocr. Isr, 1885.

intervals of two inches. Leaves five to six, erecto-patent,

pinnate, six to seven feet long; petiole slender, with a long

cylindric sheath ; leaflets about ten to fifteen pair, drooping,

one to one and a half feet long, alternate, oblong-lanceolate

from a broad sessile base, gradually narrowed to a very fine

point, plicate with about thirty ribs, bright green above,

rather pale beneath ; petiole nearly terete. Inflorescence from

below the leaves. Spathes many, sheathing, cylindric, six to

ten inches long, forming a tube a foot long, which completely

conceals the peduncle of the spadix, lightly rolled together

with subacute erect tips, the uppermost far exceeding the

spadix, green, or the lower brown. Male spadix subumbel-

lately branched within the spathes, the branches effuse,

pendulous, a foot long and as thick as the little finger,

cylindric, pale straw-coloured, dense-flowered, terminated

by the naked subulate tip. lowers about one-sixth of an

inch diameter; calyx very short, three-toothed; corolla-

lobes rounded, concave, fleshy ; stamens six, filaments very

thick, anther-cells divaricate; pistillode columnar, tip

three-lobed. Female spadix simple, erect, six inches long,

rather stouter than the branches of the male spadix.

Petals transversely oblong, concave; staminodes none;

ovary subglobose, three-lobed; stigmas three, minute,

sessile, trigonous.”—J. D. H. 7

' Fig. 1, Reduced figure of the whole plant; 2, leaflet; and 3, male spadix of the

natural size; 4, outer, and 5, inner view of male flower; 6 and 7, stamens; 8,

pistillode :—ald enlarged.

Tas. 6839.

FUCHSIA AMPLIATA.

Native of the Andes of Heuador.

Nat. Ord. ONAGRARIER.

Genus Fucusia, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. i. p. 790.)

Fucusta ampliata; caulibus petiolis pedicellisque puberulis, foliis ternatim

verticillatis petiolatis elliptico-oblongis acutis remote denticulatis supra viri-

dibus subtus viridibus v. rufescentibus glabris v. pubescentibus, floribus

axillaribus solitariis 2—-3-nisve longe pedicellatis pendulis coccineis, ovario

oblongo, calycis tubo 13-3-pollicari attenuato-infundibulari lobis ovato-

lanceolatis triplo longiore, petalis calycis lobis brevioribus quadrato-rotundatis

oblongisve obtusis, staminibus breviter exsertis, stylo hirto, stigmate globoso.

F. ampliata, Benth. Plant. Hartweg. 178.

Fuchsia ampliata is one of three handsome and large

and scarlet-flowered very closely allied species, which

inhabit the Andes of New Grenada and Ecuador, none of

which have hitherto been figured, and only one of them

has been introduced into cultivation. They are F. petiolaris,

H. B. and K., of New Grenada, with lanceolate acute petals;

F. corollata, Benth., from Columbia (Hartweg), with rounded

obtuse petals longer than the calyx-lobes; and the plant

here figured, with broad petals shorter than the calyx-lobes.

Of these I’. ampliata is confined to the Andes of Ecuador,

where it has been found near Quito, and on the volcanos

of Pichincha and Pilzhum, by Jameson, Hall, Spruce (No.

5501), Lobb, and Hartweg, forming a bush three to five feet

high, at elevations of 10,000 to 13,000 feet above the sea.

F. corollata inhabits the woods of Popayan, on the ascent

to the Paramo de Guanacas, at 10,000 feet elevation. /.

petiolaris (of which F. Quindiuensis 1s doubtless a pubescent

variety) is confined to New Grenada, being found on the

Andes of Ocana, Antioquia and the Paramo of Quindiu, at

7000 to 10,000 feet elevation. All these vary from being

nearly glabrous to tomentose, in the size of the flower, and

turgescence of the calyx-tube.

‘The specimen of F. ampliata, here figured, has a special

oct. lst, 1885,

interest as one of the fine series of Andean plants sent to

Kew by the late J. A. Henry, Esq., who raised it from

seeds sent by his old friend, the late Dr. Jameson, Professor

of Botany at Quito. It flowered at Kew in June. It was

received in 1877, and flowers in the month of June.

Drscr. A small glabrous or pubescent shrub, three

to five feet high. Stem often decumbent below, with

ascending leafy branches. Leaves two to three inches

long, usually drooping and ternately whorled, elliptic-

oblong, acute at both ends, distinctly denticulate, glabrous

or nearly so above, glabrous or pubescent beneath, nerves

six to eight pair; petiole slender, one-third to one-half of

an inch long. Flowers solitary or two to three together in

axillary clusters, pedicel usually about half as long as the

scarlet flower, which is two to three inches long and

pendulous. Calyx narrowly funnel-shaped, sometimes

inflated above the middle; lobes one-fourth as long as the

tube, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate. Petals shorter than the

calyx-lobes, suborbicular, obtusely four-angled, scarlet like

cr ce Stamens shortly exserted. Stigma globose.—

Fig. 1, Portion of leaf; 2 and 3, anthers; 4, pistil:—all enlarged.

6840

Vincart Brocks Day & Son imp

a ee TT Sane wi!

| MS.aa IN Fta ith,

+Keeve & C2 London.

Tas. 6840.

AN EM ONE ponyantues.

Native of the Himalaya.

Nat. Ord. RanuNcULACEZ.—Tribe ANEMONER.

Genus Anemone, Linn. ; (Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 4.)

ANEMONE polyanthes; erecta, robusta, sericeo-tomentosa v. villosa, rhizomate

brevi robusto, foliis radicalibus longe petiolatis cordato-orbiculatis 5-7-lobis,

lobis late cuneatis grosse crenatis, caulinis sessilibus, floribus in umbellas

simplices v. compositas dispositis longe pedicellatis albis, sepalis 5-6 obovato-

rotundatis-oblongisve obtusis glabriusculis, carpellis maturis late oblongis

obovatisve compressissimis stylo brevi subulato terminatis.

A. polyanthes, Don Prodr. Fl. Nep. p.194; Hook. f. et Thoms, Fl, Ind. p. 24;

Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. i. p. 9.

A. longiscapa, Wall. Cat. No. 4691.

A. scaposa, Edgew. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xx. p. 27.

A. villosa, Royle Ill. Pl. Himal. p. 52.

A. Govaniana, Royle l.c, p. 45 (not of Wallich and Don); Lindl. Bot. Reg.

1844, Mise. p. 45.

A. obtusiloba, Lindl. Bot. Reg. 1884, t. 65 (not of Don).

Of the fifteen described species of Himalayan Anemones,

the only one that has hitherto been figured in any horticul-

tural work is the A. vitifolia (Plate 3376), a fact which

shows how much still remains to be accomplished in the

way of introducing hardy herbaceous plants from that rich

region; for many of them are very attractive plants, and

eminently worthy of a place in the rock garden. A. poly-

anthes was introduced forty years ago by seeds communi-

cated to the Horticultural Society by the Honourable East

India Company. Plants raised and flowered in the Gardens

of the Society were rightly referred to the A. Govaniana of

Wallich (a synonym of polyanthes) by Lindley in the

Miscellanea appended to the Botanical Register of 1844,

but in the body of that work he named it A. obtusiloba, which

isa very different though also a Himalayan species. Lindley’s

figure represents a very poor specimen, for the plant grows

to a foot and a half in height, with often compound umbels

of twenty to thirty flowers, which aresometimes two inches in

oct. Ist, 1885.

diameter. As a species it is very like the European and

Siberian A. narcissiflora, which is found in Kashmir, but

which has more divided leaves with more deeply cut lobes.

A. polyanthes is a very common Himalayan plant, from

Kashmir to Sikkim, between the elevations of 10,000 and

12,000 feet, growing in moist places; it flowered in the

Royal Gardens in May last.

Desor. Silkily hairy or villous all over, except the flowers

and fruit. ootstock as thick as the thumb, short, black,

clothed at the top with fibres of old petioles and stems.

Leaves two to four inches in diameter, orbicular, cordate,

five- to seven-lobed, but rarely below the middle, lobes

coarsely irregularly crenate; petiole four to ten inches

long, very stout; cauline leaves sessile, cuneate, lobed, and

cut, forming an involucre. Flowers one to two inches in

diameter, white, in simple or compound umbels, often very

numerous (twenty to thirty); peduncles and pedicels stout.

Sepals broadly obovate or oblong, obtuse, glabrous or

slightly hairy at the back. Stamens very numerous, fila-

ments glabrous; anthers short, yellow brown, all pertfect.

Carpels ovoid oblong, erect; styles not prolonged or feathery.

Achenes half an inch long, almost flat, broadly obovate or

oblong, with a small subulate stigma, margin thickened,

surface glabrous or with a few glandular hairs.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Stamen ; 2, head of unripe carpels (of the natural size); 3 and 4, carpels ;

5, head of ripe carpels; 6 and 7, ripe carpels :—ald but fig. 2 enlarged.

y& Son Imp.

A ay

Vincent Brooks

MS.deletJNFitcith

London

L Reeve &

fo Mam 6841;

CALLIPSYCHE avraytraca,

Native of the Andes of Ecuador.

Nat. Ord. AMARYLLIDE®.—Tribe AMARYLLER,

Genus CattipsycuE, Herb. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. iii. p. 731.)

CALLIPSYCHE aurantiaca; bulbo globoso tunicis brunneis membranaceis, foliis

post anthesin productis ovatis acutis petiolatis glabris distincte costatis,

pedunculo tereti subpedali, umbellis 6-8-floris, spathe valvis exterioribus

lanceolatis parvis, pedicellis brevibus, floribus inodoris aurantiacis, ovario

oblongo-trigono, perianthii infundibularis tubo brevi segmentis oblanceolatis

flore expanso falcatis, staminibus declinatis longe exsertis antheris lineari-

oblongis parvis, stylo longissimo declinato apice stigmatoso capitato, fructu

eapsulari profunde trilobato.

C. aurantiaca, Baker in Saund. Ref. Bot. t. 167.

This singular Amaryllidaceous plant possesses the leaf and

general habit of a Hucharis in combination with bright

_ yellow flowers in shape like those of a Hippiastrum, but with

remarkably long drooping stamens and style. It was first

described from specimens that flowered fifteen years ago at

Reigate in the collection of the late Mr. Wilson Saunders,

who procured it from M. Linden. Since then it has been

flowered in England by Mr. William Bull and Sir Charles

Strickland, and now again this year with Mr. F. Horsman

at Colchester, from whose plant our drawing was made,

the flowers in February, and the leaf in June.

Descr. Bulb ovoid, an inch in diameter, with brown

membranous tunics. Leaves not produced till after all the

flowers fade, ovate, distinctly petioled, bright green,

glabrous, with a distinct midrib and sixteen or eighteen pairs

of curved vertical veins on each side of it. Pedunele sub-

terete, green, hollow, a foot long. Flowers six or eight in

an umbel, not scented, greenish in bud, bright yellow when

expanded; outer bracts small, green, lanceolate; inner

linear; pedicels half an inch or an inch long. Ovary

oblong-trigonous, green, with numerous superposed hori-

zontal ovules in each of the three cells. Perianth infun-

dibuliform, two inches long, with a short tube above the

oct. Ist, 1885. :

ovary, and six oblanceolate falcate many-nerved segments

a third of an inch or half an inch broad. Stamens con-

tiguous, declinate, inserted at the throat of the perianth-

tube, protruded finally three inches beyond its tip; anthers

small, linear-oblong. Style protruded a little beyond the

stamens; stigma capitate, minute. Capsule deeply three-

lobed.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, Lower part of the flower cut open; 2, front view of an anther; 3, back

view of an anther; 4, Ae es and apex of style; 5, horizontal section of ovary :—

all more or less

6842.

annplarn. $sihishmalpn phate tps em: gee

Celietiaiacat depres uk $

a as

age stele oo)

cr)

Vincent Brooks Day &Son imp.

MS.del, J N-Fitchlith

LReeve & C2 London.

a ae

Tap. 6842.

PHACELIA PARRYI.

Native of California.

Nat. Ord. Hypropuytiacem.—Tribe PHACELIER.

Genus Pracetta, Juss.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p- 827.)

Puacetia (Whitlavia) Parryi; sparse hispida et glanduloso-pilosa, foliis ovatis

v. ovato-oblongis grosse inzequaliter crenato-dentatis serratisve, racemis multi-

floris foliis pluries longioribus, calycis lobis anguste linearibus obtusis, corolle

late breviter campanulate tubo calyce breviore, squamis obcordatis, filamentis

pilosis, placentis multiovulatis.

Puacetra Parryi, Torr. Bot. Mex. Bound. (Emory) Rep. p. 144; A. Gray

in Proc. Amer. Acad, Arts and Se. vol, x. (1874), ser. 2, p. 322, and Synopt.

£1, N. Am. vol. ii. part 1, p. 164.

A very near ally of P. campanularia, A. Gray (figured at

Plate 6735 of this work), differing in the narrower leaves

and much shorter tube of the corolla, as also in the shape

of the scales at the base of the corolla-tube within. The

flower is in fact nearly flat, or rotate. It is a native of

almost the same county as its ally, namely the St. Diego

and St. Bernardino counties of Southern California, where

it was discovered by Dr. Parry. The plant here figured

was raised from seeds sent by Prof. Asa Gray, which flowered

in June last.

Desor. A viscid annual, clothed with spreading simple

and gland-tipped hairs. Stem one to two feet long,

branched, spreading and ascending, sparingly leafy. Leaves

one to four inches long, petioled, ovate or ovate-oblong,

acute, hairy on both surfaces; base acute or rounded ;

margin coarsely unequally toothed; petiole two to four

inches long. lowers in terminal many-flowered cymes

much exceeding the leaves; pedicels a half to one inch long,

lengthening in fruit. Calye of five very narrow obtuse

glandular-hairy sepals much longer than the corolla-tube,

spreading and recurved. Corolla dark violet blue, an inch

in diameter, almost rotate, the tube being very short, and

oct. Ist, 1885,

the limb horizontally expanded; lobes rounded. Filaments

far exserted, hairy; anthers oblong, golden yellow; stami-

nodes cordiform, sessile, glandular-hairy, golden yellow.

Scales obcordate, adnate. Ovary clothed with long soft

hairs; style and its arms capillary; stigmas capitellate ;

ovules numerous on each placenta. Capsule ovoid acute,

as long as the persistent calyx segments, tipped with the

base of the style-—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Calyx; 2, base of corolla-tube with stamens, staminodes, and scales; 3,

stamen; 4, pistil; 5, transverse section of ovary:—all enlarged.

6848.

ert Brooks Day & Son imp.

Ving

M.S. del, JN-Fitch lith

Tas. 6843,

NYMPHA#A srTELtatTa, var. ZANZIBARIENSIS.

Native of Zanzibar.

Nat. Ord. Nympnxacexn.—Tribe Nympo mx.

Genus Nympnxa, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 46.)

Nympu2a stellata, var. zanzibariensis ; foliis amplis rotundatis marginibus irregu-

lariter crenato-lobulatis, floribus amplis saturate azureis, sepalis extus viridibus

kermesino-marginatis, petalis 18-30 lineari-oblongis obtusis v. subacutis,

staminibus 130-240, filamentis brevibus latis, antheris elongatis, carpellis

15-30, apicibus oblongis obtusis incurvis.

N. zanzibariensis, Caspary in Bot. Zeit. 1877, p. 202, and in Wittmark Gartenzeit.

1882, p. 1, fig. 1, e¢ Le. pict.; The Garden, 1884, p. 210, cum Ie.

This splendid Waterlily is the subject of two very ela-

borate articles by Prof. Caspary, of Konigsberg, who has

made the genus to which it belongs a life-long study. In

the first of these, that published in the “ Botanische

Zeitung,” wherein the species is originally described, he

contrasts its characters with those of three blue-flowered

closely allied plants (referred by some botanists, including

myself, to forms of one species), namely, N. capensis,

Thunb., NV. cwrulea, Savigny (Plate 552 of this work), and

N. stellata, Willd. (Plate 2058 of this work), and gives

the differences between them in parallel columns. The

result is very interesting and instructive, as showing in

almost all points of structure, size and number of parts,

and in many of colour, a gradual passage from N. stellata

through N. cerulea and N. capensis up to N. zanzibariensis.

Of these N. stellata is the most reduced form; its largest

flowers are one-third smaller than those of average zanzi-

bariensis. The number of its floral organs is on the

average 73 against 222; of the petals, which are pale blue,

11 to 14 against 18 to 24 of zanzibariensis, which are deep

blue; of stamens, 33 to 54 against 136 to 242; of carpels,

10 to 17 against 15.to 30; its seeds are smaller and paler,

and its leaves smaller also. In all these matters N. cwrulea

comes nearest to N. stellata, and N. capensis to N. zanzi-

bariensis. In some other respects, however, there are

remarkable differences between the above forms.. Thus,

Nov. lst, 1885,

under cultivation with Dr. Caspary, N. zanzibariensis

flowers only from 11 a.m. to 5 p.m.; the flower expands

on five successive days, and cannot fertilize itself. Of

N. capensis the flower is open from 5 to 7 a.m. till 1 to

3 p.m., expands on five successive days, and cannot fertilize

itself. Of N.ceerulea the flower is open from 8 a.m. till 2 p.m.,

expands on four successive days, and does fertilize itself.

Of N. stellata the flower is open from 8 a.m. till 2 p.m.,

expands on three successive days, and fertilizes itself even

in the bud. How far these characters will stand the test

of cultivation in other houses (they do not at Kew) of

different conditions of light, heat and water, and, above

all, how far they will prove constant in plants raised from

seeds collected in other localities, remains to be proved.

Be this as it may, it is impossible to exaggerate the value

of such careful and conscientious observations, which ought |

to be repeated on plants growing in their native country.

N. zanzibariensis was introduced into Europe in 1877 by

Dr. Hildebrandt. The species has no rival except the

Australian N. gigantea (Plate 4647), the flowers of which

are even larger, attaining a foot in diameter, but they are

of a much paler blue. As with N. gigantea, the flowers of

young tubers are small, and enlarge as these gain size and

strength.

The plant here figured was raised from a small tuber

received from the Berlin Botanical Gardens in 1882, which

flowered in 1883. The first flowers were small, as figured

in “The Garden.” At Kew the flowers open at noon and

close at night; are deliciously fragrant, and remain some-

times a fortnight before being submerged for the ripening

of the seed.

Derscr. Leaves orbicular, 10 to 12 inches in diameter,

obtusely sinuate-crenate, with 12 to 14 radiating nerves on

each side of the mesial line, deep green above, paler beneath.

Flowers 6 to 8 inches in diameter, deep blue. Sepals deep

green externaily, with a suffused coppery red intermarginal

band, dark blue within. Petals 18 to 30, oblong, obtuse.

Stamens 150 to 250; filaments broad, yellow; anthers

linear, blue; connective produced into a long point.

Carpels 15 to 30, free part triangular-oblong.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Section of peduncle; 2, tuft of hairs from the air-passages; 3 and 4,

stamens ; 5, ovary and top of peduncle :—al/ but fi 9g. 5 enlarged,

6844.

a a

Vincent Brooks Day &Son Imp

MS.del JNFitch hth.

Reeve & C° London.

Tas. 6844,

CALAN THE wNara.eEnsis.

Native of Natal.

Nat. Ord. OxcH1pEx.—Tribe EPipENDRER.

Genus CALANTHE, Br. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 520.)

CaLanTHE zatalensis; foliis petiolatis elliptico-lanceolatis acuminatis plicato-

nervosis et corrugatis nervis 5-9, pedunculo valido, racemo plurifloro, floribus

, pallide lilacinis, sepalis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis petalis paullo brevioribus

latioribusque, labelli lobis lateralibus oblongis obtusis v. fere rotundatis rectis

curvisve, lobo intermedio late obcordato, disco verrucoso calcare gracili ovario

longiore.

C. natalensis, Reichb. f. in Bonplandia, 1856, p. 322; N. FE. Brown in Gard.

Chron. vol. xxiv. (1885) ii. 78 and 136.

C. sylvatica, var. 8. natalensis, Reichb. f. in Linnea, vol. xix. p. 374.

Apparently a common and certainly a variable plant, in

. various places of Eastern South Africa, from Natal itself,

_where Mr. Sanderson and others have found it in the Bush

Swamp at the head of the Bay, to boggy hills in the interior

ascending to 2000 feet; and Mr. Bolus sends specimens

from the Perie forest, near King William’s Town.

According to drawings made from the living plant by Mr.

Bolus, the lip varies much in shape and colour, the lateral

lobes being sometimes almost rounded, at others narrowed

and curved as in the figure here given. It was at first

supposed to be a variety of the Bourbon and Mauritius

QO. sylvatica, to which indeed Dr. Lindley referred it, but

that plant is described as having *‘ white flowers changing

to bright yellow without fading, so that the upper part of

the long spike is pure white, the lowest very yellow, the

middle of a delicate cream.” It is probably more nearly

allied to an undescribed tropical East African species

collected by Dr. Kirk in Johanna Island, which has much

longer petioles, larger flowers, &c., shorter spur with a

hooked or coiled tip. The calli on the disk of the lip are

much larger in the Natal plant than in Mr. Bolus’ figure of

that from Perie bush, in which they are small, and produced

nearly to the notch of the mid-lobe of the lip.

nov. Ist, 1886.

The plant here figured was raised from roots sent by

Mr. Leighton, Curator of the King William’s Town Botanical

Gardens (formerly Foreman of the Herbaceous Collection

at Kew), together with several other interesting terrestrial

Orchids. It was found in an old decayed Perie wood

(whence Mr. Bolus also procured it), and it grows well in

the cool orchid house at Kew in a mixture of peat and

loam.

— Descr. Roots of strong stout fibres. Leaves five to seven,

all radical, eight to twelve inches long by three to five

broad, narrowed into a broad concave petiole, elliptic-

lanceolate, acuminate, plaited with five to nine nerves, and

corrugated here and there between the nerves, membranous,

pale green and translucent. Flowering-stem longer than

the leaves, stout, erect, with a few short acute sheaths;

raceme pyramidal, six to eight inches long; rachis robust ;

bracts lanceolate, herbaceous, green, shorter than the

ovary, which is about an inch long and slender. lowers

one to one and a half inch’ in diameter, pale lilac with a

darker redder lip, or with the sepals and petals white and

suffused with lilac towards the margin only. Sepals ovate-

lanceolate, acuminate. Petals rather shorter and broader.

Lip about as long as the sepals; lateral lobes basal, small,

oblong, obtuse and curved, or almost rounded; mid-lobe

broadly obcordate ; disk with a cluster of prominent

tubercles at the base, and a few smaller ones along the

mesial line towards the notch at the end; spur slender,

incurved, white, as long as the ovary; column very short,

subglobose, with two cavities in front, one on each side.—

0.0: H.

Fig. 1, Reduced figure of whole plant; 2, leaf; and 3, raceme, both of the

natural size; 4, column and lip; 5, column seen in front; 6, anther; 7, pollen-

masses :—all except figs. 1-3 enlarged.

6845.

M.S. del, JN Rtadhiith

L Reeve & C° London.

Tas. 6845.

BORONIA HereropHyLiA, var. BREVIPES.

Native of South-Western Australia.

Nat. Ord. Rutacra.—Tribe Diosmex.

Genus Boronia, Sm. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 291.)

Boronta heterophylla ; frutex glaberrimus, gracilis, ramis virgatis, foliis v. sessi-

libus simplicibus et linearibus v. petiolatis pinnatis foliolis 3-5 linearibus

acutis petiolo elongato, floribus axillaribus fasciculatis pendulis, pedunculis

2-bracteatis 1-floris, floribus subglobosis, sepalis brevissimis orbiculatis 1-cos-

tatis apiculatis, petalis coccineis late ovatis concavis intus puberulis, fila-

mentis 5 majoribus sepalis oppositis elongatis crassis incurvis glabris antheris

nigris, 5 minoribus multoties brevioribus antheris flavis, ovario pubescente

stylo columnari crasso.

B. heterophylla, F. Muell. Fragment. vol. ii. p. 98; Benth. Fl. Austral. vol. i.

p- 315.

Van. brevipes ; pedicellis flore brevioribus.

This differs from the native specimens of B. heterophylla

in the much shorter peduncles of the flowers, but I can

find no other character whereby to distinguish it; and

Mueller in his original description of the species describes

its peduncle as about equalling the flower. It is a very

beautiful plant, allied to B. elatior figured at Plate 6285

of this work in many particulars, but differing widely in

habit, in the larger leaves with few leaflets, in the brilliant

colour of the flowers, in the shape of the sepals and petals,

and in the long filaments.

The plant here figured was raised from seeds collected

by Miss North in Western Australia in 1881, when engaged

in making the beautiful series of paintings of the plants

of that country which form so attractive a portion of her

gallery. It flowered in a cool greenhouse in April of the

present year. It is probably not an uncommon plant near

the Swan River, where it was first found by James Drum-

mond, about 1842, and since then in places sometimes

inundated on the Kalgee River, by Maxwell and others. _

Drscr. An erect much-branched shrub, said to attain

the height of a man, with slender erect branches, quite

Nov. Ist, 1885.

glabrous, or with a microscopic pubescence on the leaves.

Leaves very variable, sometimes quite simple, one to one

and a half inch long, very narrowly linear, apiculate, at

others with one rarely two pair of linear leaflets on a

slender petiole, dark green, spreading. Flowers whorled

at the leaf-axils, usually in fours or sixes, drooping, sub-

globose, bright scarlet, one-third to one-half:inch in dia-

meter; peduncles as long as the flower or longer, minutely

bibracteate about the middle. Calyx with a turbinate base,

and four minute rounded green sepals, each with a strong

dorsal keel ending in a mucro. Petals broadly ovate,

concave, subacute, thick, glabrous without, sparsely pubes-

cent within. Filaments eight; the four longer stout,

incurved, with dark anthers; the four smaller very short,

with yellow anthers. Ovary short, pubescent, with a stout

short cylindric style contracted at the base.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Portion of leaf, showing the minute pubescence; 2, peduncle, bracts and

flower, with the petals removed ; 3, flower with the perianth removed; 4, disk and

ovary ; 5, vertical section of ovary :—all enlarged.

Poa

M.S.del, JNFitd hth.

Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp.

L. Reeve & C° London.

Tas. 6846,

ANEMON E TRIFOLta.

; Native of Central Europe.

Nat. Ord. Ranuncutacex.—Tribe ANEMONER.

Genus Anemone, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. i. p- 4.)

ANEMONE f¢rifolia; erecta, gracilis, glaberrima, rhizomate brevi robusto, foliis

involucrantibus petiolatis 3-foliolatis, foliolis subsessilibus oblongo v. elliptico-

lanceolatis acuminatis serratis, floribus solitariis gracile pedunculatis albis,

sepalis 6 (5-7) ovato-oblongis obtusis, staminibus parvis filamentis filiformibus

antheris flavis, carpellis maturis perplurimis lineari-oblongis compressis crasse

costatis hirsutis in stylum brevem uncinatum attenuatis.

A. trifolia, Moris. Hist. Pl. pars ii. p. 424, sect. 4, tab. 25, fig. 1; Linn. Sp. Pl.

ed. i. p. 540; DC. Prodr. vol. i. p. 20; Sturm. Deutsch. FI. vol. iv. tab. 14;

Reichb. Ie. Fl. Germ. vol. iv. tab. 48; Gerard. Herb. p. 305, fig. 9.

It is remarkable that this plant, though cultivated in

England by Gerard as early as 1597, should not have been

figured in any English work since the publication of

Morison’s “ Historia Plantarum” in 1680, the citation of

which is omitted by Linnzus in the first edition of his

“Species Plantarum.” It is a native of Central and

Southern Europe, from Piedmont and North Italy to

Southern Austria and Croatia; De Candolle indeed adds

Siberia, but according to Ledebour the plant referred to

as Siberian is A. refleza, Steph., an allied but different

Species. : a

A. trifolia, though included in the last edition of Aiton’s

** Hortus Kewensis ” (1810) has probably long been out of

general cultivation in England. It has, however, been

lately reintroduced by Mr. W. Brockbank, of Didsbury,

who brought to Kew, in May last, the specimens here

figured. It is well worthy of cultivation, and now that the

love of herbaceous plants is taking root in the country, it

is not likely to be lost again. :

Descr. Quite glabrous. Rootstock stout, as in A.

nemorosa. Stems six to ten inches high, slender. Leaves

all three-foliolate, radical on long petioles ; involucral on

Noy. Ist, 1885.

shorter petioles; leaflets sessile two to four inches long by

one-half to one inch broad, elliptic-oblong or -lanceolate,

acuminate, serrate, dark green above, pale beneath.

Flowers solitary, erect; one to one and a half inch in

diameter, pure white; peduncle slender. Sepals six (rarely

five or seven), oblong, obtuse, spreading, nerves faint.

Stamens numerous, small; filaments rather short, filiform ;

anthers minute, yellow. Carpels very numerous, slender,

pubescent, forming a globose head. Achenes linear-oblong,

compressed, with three to five obscure thick ribs, gradually

narrowed into a short hooked style.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Stamen ; 2, head of carpels; 3, immature carpel; 4, head of achenes;

5, single achene :—all but fig. 4 enlarged.

mare =

rnin oll

neni

GS&47.

& Son Imp

s Day

‘Vincent Brook

2 Londo

2 ™

mm *

eave

ata

vhith.

M.S. del, JNFite

Tab. 6847,

. POLYGONUM $spHarostacuyum.

Native of the Himalaya.

Nat. Ord. Potyconacem.—Tribe EUPOLYGONER.

Genus Potyeonum, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 97.)

Potyconum (Persicaria) spherostachyum; glaberrimum, rhizomate robusto, caulibus

simplicibus erectis foliosis monocephalis, foliis inferioribus petiolatis lineari-

lanceolatis acuminatis crispato-crenulatis subtus glabris giaucis v. pubes-

centibus, basi attenuatis v. subhastatis et in petiolum decurrentibus, caulinis

sessilibus, stipulis laxis, spicis cylindraceis globosisve multi-densi-floris, floribus

sanguineis deorsum imbricatis cernuis, perianthii segmentis 5 oblongis obtusis,

staminibus 4 longioribus inclusis v. exsertis, glandulis ad basin staminum

minutis, ovario 3-gono, stylis basi longe v. breviter connatis,

P. spherostachyum, Meissn. Monogr. Polyg. p. 53; in Wall. Plant, As. Rar.

vol. iii. p. 52; et in DC. Prodr. vol. xiv. pars 1, p. 125.

P. macrophyllum, Don Prodr. Fl. Nep. p. 70; Babington in Trans. Iinn, Soe.

vol. xviii. p, 95. :

P. tenue, Don 1. c. (non Michauw.)

_P. gracillimum, Spreng, Syst. Veg.; Cur. post. 154.

P. affine, var. angustifolium, Wall. Cat. n. 1683,

P. stenophyllum, Meissn. Monog. p. 52, and in DC. luc.

P. angustifolium, Don J. c. p. 70, Spreng. l.c.

I have had great difficulty when determining the Indian

Species of Polygonum for the “ Flora of British India,” in

unravelling the synonymy of those of the Bistorta group,

which includes the subject of the present plate. Of these

there are three which are very easily confounded, the P.

bulbiferum, Royle, which I regard as the same as P. vivi-

parum of Europe, and the north temperate and Arctic

regions generally ; P. paleacewm, Wall., a native of the

Khasia Mountains (a species omitted by Meissner); P. afine,

Don (which is P. Brunonis, Wall.), and the subject of this

plate. These, though distinct enough in their normal con-

dition, are not easily distinguished in abnormal ones, and

are confounded by Meissner and much mixed in Herbaria;

further confusion being entailed from the fact of the

nomenclature of Don clashing with that of Wallich, and ~

Noy. Isr, 1885,

from Don having described one of them, P. sphwrostachyum,

from very imperfect specimens, under three names. Of

these species, P. viviparwm, which is probably only an

Alpine and Arctic state of P. Bistorta, L., may be known

by its solitary habit and slender spike, with pink suberect

or spreading flowers. P. paleacewm, which has not been

‘introduced into cultivation, is a much larger plant, with a

dense oblong spike of pink flowers like those of P. viviparum;

it is very near indeed to P. Bistorta. P. affine is well figured

in this work (Plate 6472); it has a creeping tufted habit,

and pink flowers like those of P. viviparum. P. sphero-

stachyum differs from all these in the dense broad cylindric

or globose spike of blood-red pendulous flowers; it is by”

far the most beautiful of all as to flowers, though it never _

forms the great patches that P. affine does, and which

latter may now be seen in perfection at Sir W. Armstrong’s

seat (Cragside) in Northumberland, clothing many hundreds

of square yards of rocky slopes with a most brilliant

autumnal mantle of scarlet, from the colour of the fading

leaves.

I am indebted to the Edinburgh Botanical Gardens, for

the specimens of P. spherostachywm here figured, which

were raised from seeds sent by Mr. Duthie from Saha-

runpore, and which flowered in June of the present year.

It abounds in the Alpine and sub-Alpine regions of the

whole Himalaya, at elevations of 11,000 to 15,000 feet.

Plants of it, also received from Edinburgh, are still

(October 20th) in full flower in the rock garden at Kew.

Descr. Rootstock tuberous; stem solitary, erect, leafy,

four to ten inches high. Leaves three to five inches long,

Iinear, linear-oblong or -lanceolate, acute, crispidly crenulate,

glabrous and glaucous or pubescent beneath, radical petioled,

cauline sessile ; stipules tubular, lax or close, very variable.

Spike one to one and a half inch long, globose or cylindric ;

flowers one-third of an inch long, pendulous, blood-red.

Sepals oblong, obtuse. Stamens eight, the four longer

_ exserted or included; anthers small, black. Ovary three-

_ gonous; styles three, more or less united below; stigmas

. dand 5, anthers; 6, ovary :—all enlarged.

capitellate.—J. D. H.

__ Fig. 1, Estivation of flower; 2, flower ; 3, perianth laid open, and stamens;

6848.

ees

eee?

eee

paid

M.S.del, JN Fitch ith.

I, Reeve & C2 London

“Vincent Brooks Lay & Son lap

Tas. 6848,

ALOE Batyesn.

Native of Natal and Kaffraria.

Nat. Ord. Litracrem.—Tribe ALOINER.

Genus ALOE, Linn. 3 (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. iii. p. 776.)

Ator Painesii; arborea, 40-60-pedalis, trunco erecto copiose ramoso crassitie,

4—6-pedali, foliis ad ramorum apices dense rosulatis ensiformibus 2-3-pedalibus

viridibus leviter glauco tinctis facie canaliculatis margine acuteis parvis

patulis deltoideis corneis armatis, racemis densis oblongis paniculatis, pedun-

culis brevibus rachibusque valde incrassatis, pedicellis brevissimis apice articu-

latis, bracteis minutis, perianthio oblongo splendide rubro sesquipollicari,

segmentis oblongis valde imbricatis tubo subzequilongis apice patulis viridibus,

staminibus styloque conspicue exsertis.

A. Bainesii, Dyer in Gard. Chron. 1874, p. 568, figs. 119, 120; Baker in Journ.

Linn. Soe, vol. xviii. p. 178.

A. Barbere, Dyer loc, cit. fig. 122.

A. Zeyheri, Hort. non Salmdyck.

This species is distinctly and decidedly the finest of all

the one hundred and fifty different kinds of Aloe.

Although we have had it at Kew for at least twenty years,

its growth is so slow that it is likely to be many years

more before it reaches the flowering stage, and we are

indebted to Professor Macowan for the materials upon

which the present plate is founded, a coloured drawing and

a photograph of a fine plant, which is one of the chief

objects of interest in the Cape Botanic Garden. For many

years we had a young plant at Kew under the unpublished

name of Aloe Zeyheri. In 1874, Mr. Thiselton Dyer took

great pains to work out the neglected subject of the Cape

tree-aloes. The result of his investigations was published

in a paper, illustrated by a series of woodcuts, in the

**Gardener’s Chronicle.” In this he explained as fully as

the material then obtained would allow the differences

between the tree-aloe of the eastern provinces and the old

well-known Aloe dichotoma of the west, of which Paterson

gave a figure as long ago as 1789; citing extracts from

the letters of Mr. Baines and the Rev. R. Baur as to its

habit and localities. At that time we supposed, judging

DEC. Ist, 1885.

from very imperfect material, that the Natal and Kaffrarian

plants were distinct species, but as further information has

accumulated, this view has been abandoned, and our present

idea is that there is but one species in the west, Aloe

dichotoma, and one in the east, for which the name Aloe

Bainesii has been maintained, both with a wide latitudinal

range. Since Mr. Dyer’s paper was written, Mr. Roland

Trimen sent to England in 1879 a supply of flowers of the

two species preserved in spirit; and now we have Professor

Macowan’s sketch, and may be considered to know the

eastern plant quite fully. The entire plant in our plate is

copied from a photograph by Mr. Barnard of Cape Town,

and the remainder from a coloured drawing by Mr. H.

Merstall, both communicated by the director, Professor

Macowan.

Descr. A tree, attaining a height of forty or sixty feet.

Trunk, in a specimen measured by the Rey. R. Baur,

sixteen feet in circumference three feet from the ground,

forking low down, and dividing into numerous erect

branches, with a smooth whitish epidermis, each bearing a

rosette of spreading leaves at the tip. Spread of the crown

in the plants drawn by Mr. Baines in the painting now over

one of the fireplaces in the No. 1 Museum at Kew, fifteen

feet. Leaves ensiform, two or three feet long in the young

plant, much shorter in the rosettes of the mature tree, two

or three inches broad a little above the base, narrowed

very gradually to the apex, green with only a slight

glaucous tinge, channelled down the face, margined with

small spreading horny deltoid prickles. Inflorescence a

panicle of several racemes issuing from the centre of the

rosette of leaves, with a short very stout woody peduncle

and a corrugated rachis nearly an inch in diameter;

pedicels very short, red, articulated at the apex ; bracts

minute. Perianth oblong, bright rose-red, an inch and a

half long, half an inch in diameter ; segments about as long

as the tube, much imbricated, spreading and tinged with

green at the tip. Stamens exserted half an inch beyond

the tip of the perianth; anthers small, oblong. Style

exserted a little beyond the stamens.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, The whole plant, from a phot i

> 4 photograph taken in the Cape Botanic Garden;

2, a leaf, about half the natural size; 3, peduncle; and 4, a alent both rather

less than natural size; 5, a single flower, natural size.

Tap. 6849,

RHAPHITHAMNUS CYANOCARPUS.

Native of Chili.

Nat. Ord. VerpenacEx.—Tribe VERBENER,

Genus Ruapniraamnvs, Miers; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p- 1149.)

RHAPHITHAMNUS eyanocarpus ; arbor spinosa dense foliata, ramis scaberulo-

pubescentibus, foliis breviter petiolatis ovato-cordatis acutis v. orbiculatis et

apiculatis integerrimis, floribus axillaribus solitariis v. confertis, floribus canis,

calyce 5-dentato, corolle tubo cylindraceo intus villoso, lobis parvis 2 superiori-

bus oblongis, lateralibus latioribus 3-lobis.

R. cyanocarpus, Miers in Trans. Linn. Soe. vol. xxvii. p. 96, t. 26.

CITHAREXYLON cyanocarpum, Hook. and Arn, Bot. Beech. Voy. 58, t. 115

Schauer in DC. Prodr, vol. xi. p. 609; C. Gay Fl. Chil. vol. v. p. 34.

Dvranra umbellata, Miers Trav. Chili, vol. ii. p- 530,

Po@prreia cyanocarpa, Bertero in Bull. Sc. Nat. 1830, p. 109.

A native of Chili, from the central provinces southward

to the Island of Chiloe, and apparently common at Valdivia,

from whence all collectors send specimens. Mr. Miers,

who discovered it as a young man, and lived to create of it

a new genus half a century afterwards, describes 1t as a

beautiful evergreen tree, fifteen to twenty feet high,

conspicuous for its numerous bright-green leaves, accom-

panied by golden spines and lilac flowers interspersed

with blue shining drupes; he further states that the native

name is Arrayan Hspinudo, or Prickly Myrtle. Six species

of Rhaphithamnus are described by Mr. Miers; four of

these are apparently varieties of one, all growing in Chili,

and all within the range ascribed to BR. cyanocarpus; the

other two also varieties of one, are from Juan Fernandez.

The latter differ in the flowers being an inch long and

upwards, and in the young leaves being sharply serrate.

I am indebted to J. Rashleigh, Hsq., J.P. of Menabilly,

Cornwall, for a specimen in full flower of this fine plant,

which he grows in the open air, and which is here figured ;

the figure of the fruit is taken from a specimen which

fruited in the Temperate House at Kew at the same date.

pec. Ist, 1885.

Drscr. A densely leafy tree, fifteen to twenty feet high,

much branched; branches slender, decussate, subscabridly

pubescent, very close together; spines placed above the

leaves on the old branches only, one-half to three-quarters

of an inch long, very slender, rigid. Leaves in close decus-

sating pairs, one-half to one and a half inch long, very shortly

petioled, spreading and recurved, broadly ovate and acute,

or orbicular and mucronate, very coriaceous, above bright

deep-green, pale beneath, midrib impressed above, nerves

faint ; petiole scaberulous. Flowers solitary or in pairs, axil-

lary or inserted on the spines, very shortly pedicelled, half

an inch long, hoary ; pedicel one-sixteenth to one-tenth of an

inch, scabrid. Caly# very small, shortly toothed. Corolla

pale blue, tubular, coriaceous, villous within below the

middle; limb very small, two upper lobes oblong obtuse,

Jateral and lower broader unequally three-lobed, all sparsely

villous within. Stamens four, included, with a filiform rudi-

mentary fifth; filaments papillose; anthers short. Style

slender, stigma small turbinate. Drupe one-third to one-

half of an inch in diameter, globose; bright blue; nutlets

two, horny, each two-celled.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Calyx and pistil; 2, flower; 3, corolla laid open; 4, hairs of the corolla-

tube; 5, 6, 7, anthers; 8, drupe :—all but Jig. 8 enlarged. .

6850.

we > oe A ES

MS, del JN Fitch hth, Brooks Day & Son Imp

> > = ze

LReeve & C2 London 4

Tas. 6850.

RHODODENDRON JAVANICUM vai’. TUBIFLORA.

Native of Sumatra and Java.

Nat. Ord. Er1cem.—Tribe RHopoDENDRER.

Genus Ruopopenpron, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p- 599.)

RHODODENDRON javanicum; frutex glaberrimus, foliis verticillatis breviter

petiolatis elliptico-oblongis obtusis acutisve utrinque viridibus subtus glandu-

loso - punctulatis, floribus terminalibus paucis umbellatis, bracteis caducis,

pedicellis glabris, calyce obsoleto, corolle infundibularis kermesine ore

sanguineo tubo subcylindraceo lobis oblongo-rotundatis paullo iongiore,

staminibus 10, filamentis gracilibus exsertis rubris, antheris parvis.

R. javanicum, Benn. Pl. Jav. Rar. p. 85, t.19; DC. Prodr. vol. vii. p. 721;

Miquel Fl. Ind. Bat. vol. ii. p. 1057, and Suppl. p. 1059, and Ann. Mus.

Lugd. Bat. non Bot. Mag. t. 4336.

Vireya javanica, Blume Bijdr. p. 854.

Var. ¢ubiflora ; foliis minoribus costa supra impressa, nervis obscuris, corolla tubo

elongato.

At Plate 4336 of this work a Rhododendron is figured

under the name of &. javanicwm, which is, I think, unmis-

takably the R. Teysmanni, Miquel (Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl.

p- 201 and 585, and Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. vol. i. p. 42,

t.1). It differs from &. javanicwm in the more robust

habit and more numerous very much larger flowers of a

citron-yellow colour, with broad corolla-lobes ; to which

character Miquel adds that of the ovary being covered with

white pubescence without lepidote scales; but I find no

material difference in this respect, and it is quite possible

that Teysmanni is a variety of javanicum, though for horti-

cultural purposes a most distinct one. The only published

plate of the true R. javanicum is that given by Bennet in

the work quoted above, and he both figures and describes

the ovary as pubescent, and says nothing about scales; the

flowers he represents as bright red, but I suspect the

colouring is not dependable. &. Teysmanni and javanicum

have been found both in Sumatra and Java, according to

specimens from the Dutch Herbaria. Of the other Sumatran

species of the genus, R. citrinum is figured at Plate 4797,

Lt. retusum on Plate 4859, R. malayanum, Plate 6045, and

DEC. Ist, 1885,

R. multicolor, Plate 6769 ; one only, R. Lampongum, Miquel,

has not been introduced into cultivation; it has densely

lepidote petioles, pedicels, ovary and capsule, and an obvious

calyx.

The plant here figured differs from the typical JL.

javanicum, in the more flaccid smaller nerveless leaves,

with the midrib on the upper surface so impressed as to

be almost invisible, and in the paler flowers and longer

corolla-tube.

R. javanicum, var. tubiflora, was introduced by Messrs.

Veitch’s excellent collector, Mr. Curtis, who gave as the

localities Dator and Solok in Sumatra, and it flowered

in their establishment in June of the present year. :

Descr. Branches slender, green. Leaves four to six in a

whorl, two to three inches long by three-quarters of an inch

to one inch broad, rather flaccid, shortly petioled, glabrous,

elliptic- or oblong-lanceolate, acute, dark green above, paler

and gland-clotted minutely beneath, nerves very obscure;

petiole one-sixth of an inch long, glabrous. Flowers six

to eight in a terminal umbel; pedicels stout, one inch

long, quite glabrous; outer bracts deciduous, inner more

persistent, filiform. Calyx obsolete. Corolla pale orange-

red, scarlet at the mouth, tube narrowly funnel-shaped,

one and a half inch long, ten-grooved, base rounded,

intruded not inflated; lobes five, rather shorter than the

tube, rounded-oblong. Stamens ten, filaments slender,

exserted, red; anthers small, brown. Ovary small, and

as well as the stout red style pubescent, not lepidote,

stigma entire.—J. D. H. :

Fig. 1, Portion of leaf; 2 and 3, front and back view of stamens; 4, ovary :—

all enlarged.

6857.

rn ne

ian %j eee Se MOO pe eee eee

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Imp

MS del, IN-Fitch hth.

LReeve & C2? London,

Tas. 6851.

POGONTA puncHenta.

Native of Hong Kong.

Nat. Ord. Orcu1pE#.—Tribe ARETHUSER.

Genus Pogonta, Juss. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p- 615.)

Pogonta (Nervilia) pulchella; tubere globoso, foliis 1-2 subsessilibus rotundato-

cordatis acutis sinu clauso plicato- 12-nerviis superne e fusco-viridi purpuras-

centibus pilis sparsis cellulosis conspersis subtus roseis nervis pilosis, scapo

gracili bifloro Jonge nudo spathis paucis lineari-lanceolatis laxis, bracteis

linearibus, sepalis petalis consimilibus lineari-oblanceolatis acuminatis flavo-

fuscis 3-nerviis, labelli glaberrimi lobis roseis lateralibus brevibus angustis

terminali bilobo.

The Island of Hong Kong, or islet it might justly be

called, for it boasts of but twenty-nine square miles, is

botanically remarkable for the number and variety of

orders, genera and species which it contains; and though

assiduously botanized by many collectors, its Flora is ever

being added to, not by the introduction of foreign plants,

but by the discovery of usually undescribed species, which

are often confined to very limited areas, and even occur in

a small number of specimens. In 1861, Bentham, in the

“Flora Hongkongensis,” described upwards of a thousand

indigenous species of flowering plants and trees, of which

no less than 408 were the only representatives of their re-

spective genera; whilst of the 125 families of plants in the

island, thirty-six were represented by only a single species.

Since the publication of the ‘ Flora Hongkongensis,” a

good many species have been added to the Flora. Ido

not know how many, but twenty-five are known to me,

several of which were discovered through the industry and

acuteness of Mr. Chas. Ford, the indefatigable Superinten-

dent of the Hong Kong Botanical Gardens. Amongst this

botanist’s latest interesting additions to the Flora are two

orchids belonging to genera not previously detected in

the island; one is the subject of the present plate, the

other is the Vrydagzynia nuda, Blume (of Java), a genus

near to Anocetochilus.

DEC. Ist, 1885.

Pogonia pulchella was first brought to Mr. Ford in 1878

by an officer’s servant, who found it on the coast of the

south side of the Island of Hong Kong. It was planted in

the Hong Kong Gardens, and flowered in 1879. ‘T'ubers

sent by Mr. Ford to Kew in 1883, and which he procured

on the Lofan Mountains on the coast opposite to Hong

Kong, flowered at Kew in April, 1885, and the leaves

appeared in the following June.

Descr. Tubers as large as a hazel-nut, white, rather

obliquely globose, with three to four raised rings. Leaves

one or two, two to two and a half inches in diameter, very

shortly petioled, orbicular, acute, deeply cordate at the

base with overlapping lobes, plaited by about twelve strong

nerves, upper surface dull brownish-green and purple,

sparsely clothed, especially on the nerves, with crystalline

cellular hairs, rose-coloured beneath with the hairs chiefly

on the nerves. Scape four to five inches high, two-flowered,

rather slender, very pale, with three or four imbricating

basal sheaths, and one or two lax linear-lanceolate pinkish

ones an inch long below the middle. Flowers drooping,

_ pedicelled, one and a half inch from the tip of the dorsal

sepal to that of the lip. Sepals and petals similar, linear-

oblanceolate, acuminate, dirty-yellowish, with three brown

nerves, Jip as long as the sepals, quite glabrous, convo-

lute portion white; lobes rose-coloured, lateral short

rounded, terminal broadly two-lobed.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Side, and 2, front view of column; 3, front, and 4, side view of anther ;

5, pollen-masses :—al/ enlarged.

Vincent/Brooks Day & Son imp

-j

MS.deL. J NFitch ith

Tas. 6852. -

A. CROCUS Korotkowt.

Native of Central Asia.

B. CROCUS arnrivs.

Native of Asia Minor.

Nat. Ord. [ntpEx.—Tribe StsyRINCHIER.

Genus Crocus, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 693.)

Crocus Korolkowi ; cormo depresso-globoso, tunicis brunneis membranaceo-

fibrosis, spatha basali nulla, foliis 8-12 synanthiis anguste linearibus albo-

vittatis margine revolutis, spathe valvis membranaceis lanceolatis, perianthii

tubo brunneo spatha duplo longiori, fauce glabro, limbi segmentis oblanceolato-

oblongis luteis exterioribus dorso brunneis, antheris magnis aurantiacis

filamentis brevissimis, styli aurantiaci ramis elongatis integris.

C. Korolkowi, Maw and Regel in Regel Descr. Pl. Nov. fase. vii. p. 213, fase, ix.

p. 41; Maw in Gard. Chron. N.S. vol. xvi. p. 718.

Crocus aerius ; cormo parvo globoso tunicis brunneis cartilagineis basi annulatim

circumscissis, spatha basali nulla, foliis 3-8 subsynanthiis anguste linearibus

albo-vittatis margine revolutis, spathe valvis membranaceis lanceolatis,

perianthii tubo pallido bipollicari, fauce luteo glabro, segmentis violaceis

oblongis vel obovatis antheris aurantiacis filamentis brevibus, styli aurantiaco-

rubri ramis integris.

C. aerius, Herb. in Journ. Hort. Soc. vol. ii. p. 288; Baker in Gard. Chron. 1873,

p- 609; Maw in Gard, Chron. N.S. vol. xvi. p. 748; Boiss. Fl. Orient.

vol. v. p. 113.

C. Sibthorpianus, var. stauricus, Herb. in Bot. Reg. 1845; Mise. p. 5.

These are two spring-flowering Crocuses of the section

Holostigma, which have flowered with us at Kew this year

for the first time. C. Korolkowi is closely allied to the

common Dutch yellow Crocus, but differs at a glance by

having the outer segments of the perianth flushed all over

the back with brown. It was found by the Russian

explorers growing abundantly on the mountains of Bokhara,

Samarecand and Western Turkestan, at an elevation of

from 5000 to 7000 feet above sea-level; and very recently

it has been sent home by Dr. Aitchison as one of the first

fruits of his work as naturalist to the Afghan Boundary

Commission. It is the only Crocus known to inhabit that

region, and the discovery of this and C. alatavicws extend

DEc. Ist, 1885.

the area of the genus in a western direction very materially.

Q. aerius is closely allied to C. biflorus, but it is not

feathered on the back of the outer segments of the perianth.

It inhabits the mountains of the northern provinces of Asia

Minor, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet above sea-level.

It was introduced by Dean Herbert, but was never figured,

and was soon lost. For our Kew bulbs we are indebted to

Mr. George Maw, who communicated them in the spring of

the present year.

Drsor. C. KoronKkow. Corm depresso-globose, an inch

in diameter; outer tunics brown, composed of matted

parallel fibres. Basal spathe none. Leaves eight or twelve

to a cluster, reaching to the top of the flowers, narrow

hnear, with revolute margins, and a distinct white central

band down the face. Spathe-valves two, lanceolate, mem-

branous, an inch long. Perianth-tube brownish, twice as

long as the spathe; segments of the limb oblanceolate-

oblong, an inch or an inch and a half long, bright yellow

inside, the three outer tinged with brown all over the back.

Anthers bright yellow, half an inch long; filaments very

short. Style orange-yellow; branches entire, reaching to

the top of the anthers.

For bulbs of this beautiful species, the Royal Gardens of

Kew are indebted to Dr. de Regel of the Imperial Botanical

Gardens, St. Petersburg.

_ C. arrtus. Corm globose, half or three-quarters of an

inch in diameter; tunics brown, cartilaginous, cut round

in a ring at the base. Basal spathe none. Leaves but

little developed at the flowering season, narrow linear, with

revolute margins, and a distinct white rib down the face.

Proper spathe of two lanceolate hyaline valves. Perianth-

tube pale lilac, two inches long; segments of the limb

obovate or oblong obtuse, an inch or an inch and a half

long, bright lilac; throat bright yellow. Anthers bright

yellow; filaments short, slightly papillose. Style orange-

red; branches entire. Seeds dark red.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, C. Korolkowi, part of tunic of corm; 2, cross-section of leaf; 3, anther ;

aay ken 8, stylk-arms, all enlarged; 9, seed, natural size; 10, the

6828

6848

6832

6840

6846

6809

6833

6835

6818

6845

6844

6841

6799

6838

6823

6811

6802

6807

6810

6801

6826

6821

6852

6819

6830

6817

6796

6836

6804

6808

LN DE ®

To Vol. XLI. of the Tairp Series, or Vol. CXI.

: of the whole Work.

Allium giganteum.

Aloe Bainesii.

Alpinia? pumila.

Anemone polyanthes.

Anemone trifolia.

Anthericum echeandioides.

Anthurium Glaziovii.

Arctotis (a) aureola, (b) revo-

luta.

Bauhinia variegata.

Boronia heterophylla, var.

brevipes.

Calanthe natalensis.

Callipsyche aurantiaca.

Caryopteris Mastacanthus,

Chameedorea Arenbergiana.

Chrysophyllum imperiale.

Chusquea abietifolia.

Cirrhopetalum picturatum.

Citrus medica, var. Riversii.

Clematis stans.

Clematis tubulosa, var.

Hookeri.

Corydalis pallida.

Costus igneus.

Crocus (A) Karolkowi, (B)

. aerius,

Cytisus hirsutus.

Delphinium cashmirianum,

var. Walkeri.

Dendrobium Phalznopsis.

Dentaria polyphylla.

Didymosperma nanum.

Dioscorea crinita.

Dracontium foecundum.

6831

6816

6824

6839

6795

6822

6794

6815

6793

6525

6806

6843

6820

6798

6834

6842

6800

6813

6851

6847

6837

6849

6850

6827

6812

6829

6805

6814

6797

6803

Eucharis (A) Mastersii, (B)

Sanderii, var. multiflora.

Eucomis bicolor.

Exacum affine.

Fuchsia ampliata.

Fuchsia triphylla.

Hyacinthus azureus.

Idesia polycarpa.

Macroscepis obovata.

Magnolia Campbellii.

Narcissus pachybolbus.

Neviusa alabamensis.

Nymphea stellata, var. zanzi-

bariensis.

Odontoglossum CErstedii.

Panax Murrayi.

Penstemon Menziesii, var.

Scouleri.

Phacelia Parryi.

‘Phillyrea Vilmoriniana.

Philodendron Glaziovii.

Pogonia pulchella.

Polygonum spheerostachyum.

Primula Auricula.

Rhaphithamnus cyanocarpus.

Rhododendron javanicum,

var. tubiflora.

Rhododendron niveum, var.

Salvia Greggii. [fulva.

Sisyrinchium filifolium.

Solidago Drummondii.

Streptocarpus caulescens,

Torenia (A) concolor, (B)

Fordii.

Vitis pterophora.