TAB. 8742.

PAEONIA PEREGRINA.

South-eastern Europe and North-western Asia Minor.

RANUNCULACEAE. Tribe PAEONIEAE.

Paronta, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 60.

Paeconia peregrina, Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. viii. n.3; Fritsch in Verh. Zool.-

Bot. Ges. Wien, vol. xlix. p. 240; nec Desf., nee DC.; affinis P. officinali,

Linn., sed foliis firmioribus, eorum lobis apice inciso-dentatis, fiorum colore

pe rubro et carpellis maturescentibus eximie villoso - tomentosis

istincta.

Herba perennis, caule glabro. Folia inferiora biternata, divisionibus longe

petiolulatis, segmentis lateralibus sessilibus vel subsessilibus, intermediis

longiuscule petiolulatis, lobis magis minusve oblanceolatis vel oblongis vel

(intermediis) cuneato-obovatis lobulatis lobulis grosse vel inciso-dentatis,

dentibus acutis vel stbacuminatis, superiora (caulina) quoad divisiones

magis minusve redacta, summa calyci ipso adpressa; omnia glabra,

lucidula, subtus pallida, rarissime pilis nonnullis rigidulis in pagina

inferiore; segmenta intermedia petiolulo dempto 6-12 cm. longa; lobi

laterales 1-8 cm. lati. Flores ob petala valde concava aperto-cupulares,

6-10 cm. diametro, pulcherrime saturate rubri. Sepala 4, valde concava,

oblonga vel late elliptica, glabra, 2°5-4 cm. longa. Petala 7-11, late

obovata vel elliptica, superne leviter crenulata. Staminwm filamenta

rubra, superne plerumque pallescentia ; antherae aureae, ad 5 mm. longae.

Carpella plerumque 8 vel rarius 4, ovoidea, densissime albido-villoso-

tomentosa; stigmata a latere compressa, recurva, rubra. Folliculi maturi

stellatim patentes, oblongi, apice paulo recurvi, ad 5 cm. longi, villo denso

sordide albido vel flavescente longiusculo obtecti. Semina elliptico-

globosa, circiter 7 mm. longa, atra, nitida.—P. lobata, DC. Syst. vol. i.

p. 391, pro synonymis plurimis et statione Byzantina ; Sweet, Flow. Gard.

vol. i. t. 70; nec Desf., nec DC. Prodr. P. decora, Anders: in Trans. Linn.

Soe. vol. xii. p. 273; DC. Prodr. vol. i. p. 66; Boiss. Fl. Or. vol. i. p. 985

Huth, Mon. Paeon. in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. vol. xiv. p. 269; Baker in Gard.

Chron. 1897, vol. xxii. p. 10; Lynch in Journ. Roy. Hort. Soc. vol, xii. p. 439;

Petrov., Fl. Nish, p. 47; Velenovsky, Fl. Bulg. p. 16; Suppl. i. p. 11.

P. romanica, Brandza in An. Acad. Roman. ser. ii. vol. ii. p. 587, t. 2;

Prodr. Fl. Roman. p. 529; Greceseu, Consp. Fl. Roman. p. 43.—O. Stapr.

The fine Paeony here figured is met with fairly generally

jn the Balkan Peninsula from Serbia and Macedonia to

Roumania, and our illustration has been prepared from

a plant raised from seed sent to Kew from the Geneva

Botanic Garden under the name P. romanica. But the

species also extends beyond the Hellespont; it has been

Jan.—Manrca, 1918.

collected on the Keshish Dagh near Broussa, and quite

recently plants raised from seed secured in the neigh-

bourhood of Smyrna have been grownin English garJens

as “Sunbeam.” So far, however, from being, as this

name would suggest, a plant of garden origin recently

raised, this Paeony is a very distinct and natural species

with a long and interesting cultural history. It was

known in the XVI Century to Clusius, who, in an account

of the vegetation of Pannonia, published in 1583, says

that it was then grown in the gardens of certain noble

dames from seeds received from Constantinople. Com-

paring it with our P. officinalis, Linn., the Paeony then

familiar in gardens further west, Clusius pointed out the

thicker leaves and the richer red, not purple, flowers of

this Balkan plant which he aptly termed ‘ Paeonia

byzantina.” 1n 1601 Clusius included the species in his

renowned Historia and supplied an excellent figure. It

was still rare in Europe, though we learn from Bessler

that quite early in the XVII Century it has got as far

west as the famous garden of the Bishops of Eystedt in

Bavaria. The elder Bauhin mentioned the plant in his

Pinax in 1623, but altered its name to ‘“ Paeonia

peregrina flore dilute et sature rubenti.”? Parkinson in

his Paradisus in 1629 called it the “red peony of

Constantinople,” and supplied a figure which, though

clumsy, is unmistakable. It was again mentioned by

Johnson, who gave a copy of the figure by Clusius in

the 1636 edition of Gerard’s Herbal. This figure

Morison reproduced in his Historia in 1699. Miller did

not mention this Paeony until 1759 when, in the seventh

edition of his Gardener’s Dictionary, he included it as

** Paeonia peregrina flore sature rubente,” and gave the

Levant as its home. In 1768, in the eighth edition of

his work, Miller, introducing the Linnean method of

naming his plants, termed this one P. peregrina, a name

which still remains valid. But Miller appears to have

known the plant thus designated by him only from the

figures given by earlier writers. There is no example of

the species among his specimens in the Banksian

herbarium; the only sheet there on which Miller has

written the name P. peregrina bears two small specimens,

both received by him from the Paris garden; these two

specimens belong to two distinct species ; neither of the

two is the ‘“‘red peony of Constantinople.” One, the

more meagre of the two, appears to be but a form of our

common garden Paeony with quite glabrous leaves; the

other represents a type which occurs in the mountains of

southern France and corresponds most closely with

P. monticola, Jordan. Into the pitfall thus prepared the

first to stumble was the editor of this work, at t. 1050 of

which Sims in 1807 published as P. peregrina, “ upon the

authority of the Banksian herbarium,” not the Byzantine

plant to which the name belongs, but the plant of

Provence and Languedoe which Miller had mistaken for

it. The elder Decandolle followed Sims in the third

edition of the Flore Frangaise in 1815 and maintained

the same attitude in his Systema in 1818. The error, as

errors will, has survived in many subsequent publications,

and although the conception of the species to which the

name P. pereyrina has, since 1807, been misapplied may

at times have varied, the Balkan plant which Miller so

designated has always been excluded from it, This is

doubtless partly due to the fact that, as early as 1818,

the right of that plant to rank as a species had been

revindicated by Anderson who, overlooking the confusion

created in this Magazine, renamed it P. decora; partly

to the circumstance that in the same year Decandolle, »

in his Systema, confused the Byzantine plant with

P. lobata, Desf., a name under which, nowithstanding the

trouble Decandolle took to rectify his error in the Pro-

dromus in 1824, our species is still often grown in

gardens. Handsome asa denizen in a herbaceous border,

P. peregrina possesses the further recommendation of

being easily cultivated. It flowers profusely and ripens

seeds freely.

Description.—- Herb, perennial; stem glabrous. Leaves: lower twice

ternate, their divisions distinctly stalked, lateral segments sessile or nearly so,

intermediate ones rather long stalked, the lobes more or less oblanceolate or

oblong, or the intermediate ones cuneate-obovate and lobulate, the lobules

coarsely or incised toothed, the teeth acute or almost acuminate; upper cauline

leaves with their divisions more or less reduced, the highest appressed to the

calyx ;. all glabrous, rather polished, pale beneath, occasionally with a few

rather stiff hairs on the lower surface ; intermediate segments, excluding the

stalk, 24-42 in. long; lateral lobes }-1} in. wide. Flowers with the very

concave petals aggregated in an open cup, 2}-4 in. across, brilliant deep red.

Sepals 4, very coneaye, oblong or wide elliptic, glabrous, 1-1} in. long, Petals

7-11, wide obovate or elliptic, slightly crenulate upwards. Stamens with red

filaments, usually somewhat paler upwards ; anthers golden yellow, up to 2 in.

long. Carpels usually 3, rarely 4, ovoid, very densely tomentose with white

hairs; stigmas laterally compressed, recurved, red. Follicles when ripe

stellately spreading, oblong, slightly recurved at the tip, up to 2 in. long,

covered with a dense dirty white or yellowish tomentum. Seeds elliptic-

globose, about 4 in. long, black, shining.

Tas. 8742.—Fig. 1, a carpel with stamens, showing insertion ; 2 and 3, anthers;

4, ripe fruit; 5, seed :—all enlarged except 4, which is of natural size.

8743 4

3 ty, Ll

MS. del. JNFitch ith.

L Reeve &C° London.

Serieaitelateaniniiaineesiienddiiamameniimmamaainnel

Tas. 8743.

PTERIDOPHYLLUM racemosvum.

Japan.

PAPAVERACEAE. Tribe HyprcorpEag.

PreriDoPpuyLLum, Sieb. et Zucc.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 54.

Pteridophyllum racemosum, Sich. et Zuce. in Abh. Akad. Miinchen, vol. iii.

p. 720, t. 1, fig. a, 1-12; Mig.in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. vol. iii. p- 12;

Prantl ¢ Kiindig in Engl. €d Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. vol. iii. pars 2,

p- 137; Matswmura, Ind. Pl. Japon. p. 147; Fedde in Engl. Pflanzenr.

vol. iv. 104, p. 88; species unica.

Herba perennis, acaulis, rhizomate praemorso. Gemma cataphyllis rotun-

_ datis herbaceo-scariosis fimbriatis 8-12 mm. longis. Folia petiolata,

ambitu oblanceolata, impariter pectinato-pinnatisecta, 6-15 cm. longa,

2-2°5 cm. lata; pinnae angulo fere recto-patente, e parte tertia superiore

basin versus cito decrescentes, infimae ad squamas setosas redactae, rectae

vel subfalcatae, lineares, apice rotundatae, minute emarginatae et ex sinu

mucronulatae, sub eo parce crenulatae, basi in latere versum spectante

auriculatae, auri¢ulo integro vel parce dentato dentibus in setas abeuntibus,

3-4 lin. latae, tenues, subtus setis conspersae, caeterum glabrae. Injlore-

scentia racemosa, scapo nudo folia excedente suffulta, racemo subramoso

vel superne simplici; pedicelli filiformes, maturi ad 15 mm. longi; bracteae

rotundatae, setoso-dentatae vel glanduloso-denticulatae, saepe parvulae vel

minutae; bracteolae similes, sed minores, prope basin pediecelli. Calyx

2-sepalus ; sepala rotundata, caduca, 1°5-2 mm. longa. Petala 4, aequalia,

elliptico-oblonga, tenuia, mox decidua, alba, ad 6 mm. longa. Antherae

4mm. longae. Ovariwm obovoideo-orbiculare, glabrum ; stylus ad 8 mm.

longus; stigma bilobum; ovula 2-4, anatropa, ex ovariifundo adscendentia. ~

Fructus siliculiformis, valvis 2 dehiscens. Semina oblongo-obovoidea,

plerumque perfecta ; testa laevis, embryo minutus.—O, Srapr.

The genus Pteridophyllum is represented by the solitary

species here figured, which is a native of the mountains

of Central Japan and is confined to that area. The

species was originally discovered by Siebold in the

province of Sinano. In most botanical treatises the

genus, which is of much scientific interest, is placed next

to Hypecoum, itself a connecting link between the

Papavereae and the Fumaricae. But while this is probably

the most satisfactory treatment, the affinity between

Pteridophyllum and Hypecoum is apparently somewhat

remote. The plant from which our figure has been

Jan.—Marcu, 1918, |

prepared was purchased for the Kew collection in 1914

from the Yokohama Nursery Company. The species has

proved quite hardy at Kew and is perennial. While its

interest is mainly botanical, for the flowers do not invest

it with any ornamental or decorative quality, the foliage

is pleasing and renders it quite worthy of a place in the

Rock Garden, if only on account of the resemblance,

which the generic name suggests, that the leaves bear to

the fronds of a fern. When plants are grown in a frame

the rosette persists during the winter months, but when

grown in the open the leaves disappear. Grown out of

doors the plant prefers shade during the summer months

and should be given a moist soil. This, it may be noted,

is the first. occasion on which the fruit and the seeds of

the plant have been described.

Description.— Herb, perennial, stemless; rootstock premorse; buds enveloped

by rounded herbaceous-scarious fimbriate scales,}-1 in. long. Leaves petioled,

oblanceolate in outline, unevenly pectinately pinnatisect, 2}-6 in. long, {1

in. wide; segments spreading at almost a right angle, rapidly decreasing in

size from the upper third towards the base when they become reduced to setose

scales, straight or slightly falcate, linear, rounded, slightly emarginate and

minutely mucronate at the apex, below the apex sparingly crenulate, auriculate

at the base on the upper edge, the auricle entire or sparingly toothed, the teeth

passing into setae, }-1 in. wide, thin, with scattered setae below, elsewhere

glabrous. Inflorescence racemose, borne on a naked scape rather longer than

the leaves, the raceme itself slightly cymosely branched or simple towards the

top ; pedicels filiform, when mature about 2 in. long; bracts rounded, setosely

toothed or glandular-denticulate, often small or very small; bracteoles near the

base of the pedicel like the bracts, but still smaller. Sepals 2, rounded,

caducous, 73-1; in. long. Petals 4, equal, elliptic-oblong, white, thin, soon

falling, about 3} in. long. Anthers zz in. long. Ovary obovoid-orbicular,

glabrous; style about 2 in. long; stigma 2-lobed; ovules 2-4, anatropous,

ascending from the base of the ovary. Fruit siliculoid, opening by 2 valves.

Seed oblong-ovoid, usually perfect ; testa smooth ; embryo minute.

Tas. 8743.—Fig. 1, portion of a leaf ; 2, diagram of the flower; 8, young

flower, with bract; 4, flower, fully open; 5, stamen; 6, pistil; 7, ovary in

vertical section ; 8, fruiting pedicel and fruit; 9, ripe fruit; 10, the same, in

vertical section; 11, seed, in vertical section :—ail enlarged except 8, which

is of natural size.

8744

cay ee

MS.del. JN Fitch Lith. Veirack Brooks, Day& SonLalimp.

L Reeve &C?° London.

Tas. 8744,

MACODES Sanpertana,

Malay Archipelago.

ORcHIDACEAE. Tribe Nrorrreag.

Macopss, Lindl.; Benth. et Hook. J. Gen. Plant. vob. iii. p. 602.

Macodes Sanderiana, Rolfe in Kew Bulletin, 1896, p. 47; species M. argy-

ronewrae, Rolfe, affinis, sed foliorum venis flavis manifeste latioribus

differt.

Herba terrestris. Folia rosulata, petiolata, ovato-elliptica, apice acuta, recurva,

margine interdum crenulata, 6-10 em. longa, 4-5 em. lata, insigniter

reticulato-variegata ; petiolus dilatatus, 2 cm. longus, basi amplexicaulis.

Scapus circiter 30 em. altus, erectus, puberulus, basi vaginis paucis ovato-

oblongis obtectus ; racemus 8-20 cm. longus, laxe multiflorus; bracteae

Ovatae, acutae, concavae, membranaceae, 0°6 cm. longae ; pedicelli 0°8-1

cm. longi, pubescentes. Flores parvi, ochraceo-virides, extra pubescentes.

Sepala patentia, ovato-oblonga, obtusa, concava, 0°5-0°6 cm. longa.

Petala lineari-oblonga, obtusa, 0°5-0°6 cm. longa. Labellum 0°5 em.

longum ; basi ventricosum ; limbus recurvus, spathulato-oblongus, obtusus,

basi minute crenulatus; saccus basi biglandulosus, apice utrinque minute

auriculatus. Colwmna lata, 0°4 em. longa. Pollinia pyriformia, basi

attenuata; glandula squamiformis.—Anoectochilus Sanderianus, Kraenz].

in Gard. Chron. 1896, vol. xviii. p. 484.—R. A. Roure.

A considerable number of terrestrial orchids have long

been the objects of especial care on the part of certain

cultivators, both in this country and on the continent of

Europe, not because they possess striking flowers, but

because of the attractive character of their foliage. The

salient common feature of this group of plants, generally

spoken of as the “‘Anoectochilus ” group, is the possession

of a fine and very distinctly marked white or yellow

reticulation, corresponding with the nerves and veins,

upon a deep olive-green ground. Plants belonging to

this group have always been well represented at Kew,

where they are grown in the tropical Orchid house.

They occur in nature under peculiar oecological con-

ditions, and in cultivation they thrive best when grown

in pans of sphagnum moss under bell-glass covers, each

plant being set in a small pot containing a mixture of

Jan.~Marcu, 1918,

sphagnum and peat fibre, chopped fine and pressed firmly

about the roots; the individual pots are then buried in

the sphagnum in the pans. The plants are watered

overhead every day in the summer and are never allowed

to approach a condition of dryness in winter. They

flower only rarely, a fortunate circumstance, since after

flowering the plant either dies outright or is so much

weakened that it eventually succumbs. Unless stem

offsets have been developed, flowering therefore almost

inevitably results in the loss of the plant, for it is found

that removal of a flower-spike as soon as it shows itself

is ineffectual as a means of saving the plant. This habit

of being practically monocarpic, at all events in culti-

vation, is unfortunately shared by many terrestrial

orchids. The genera Lissochilus, Eulophia, Microstylis,

Satyrium, Disa all contain species which behave in this

way. Though the plants of this particular group are

all members of the subtribe Spirantheae, to which the

genus Anoectochilus belongs, they do not all belong to

that genus, and until flowers are produced it is sometimes

impossible to suggest their true natural position. The

member of the group now figured has exemplified this

difficulty. This species was originally introduced to

cultivation by Mr. L. Forget, who had met with it in

some unspecified locality in the Sunda Archipelgo, while

collecting on behalf of Messrs. Sander and Sons, St.

Albans. It was, as usual, tentatively referred in the

first instance to Anoectochilus, and was described by

Dr. Kraenzlin in 1895 as A. Sanderianus. A plant flowered

at St. Albans in 1896, and the flower-spike, sent to Kew

for examination, made it possible to ascertain that the

species is really a Macodes. There are other three species

of the same genus now in cultivation and all three are,

like M. Sanderiana, natives of Malaya. One of the three

is the original M. Petola, Lindl., originally placed by

Blume in Neottia, which is a native of Java; another is

M. javanica, Hook. f., figured at t. 7037 of this work,

which is also a native of that island; the precise locality

of the third species, M. Rollissonii, Rolfe, is not known.

From all three M. Sanderiana is readily distinguished

because of the much greater width of the brightly

coloured lines of the venation. It comes even nearer as

regards its floral structure to J. argyroneura, Rolfe, a

species not at present to be met with in living collections,

which Miquel originally referred to Haemaria. In this

case, however, 1. Sanderiana is readily distinguished not

only by having a coloured venation with wider lines, but

in having these yellow in place of white. The plant from

which our figure has been prepared was acquired for Kew

from Messrs. Sander in -1914. It flowered at Kew in

September, 1916, and, as is usual, died after flowering.

Descriprion.—Herb, terrestrial. Leaves rosulate, petioled, ovate-elliptic,

apex acute, recurved, margin sometimes crenulate, 2}—4 in. long, 13-2 in. wide,

with a handsome yellow reticulate venation on a deep olive-green or rich

greenish-brown ground ; petiole expanded, ? in. long, stem-clasping at the base.

Scape about 1 ft. high, erect, puberulous, clothed below with a few ovate-

oblong sheaths; raceme 33-8 in. long, flowers many, lax; bracts ovate, acute,

concave, membranous, } in. long; pedicels 3-2 in. long, pubescent. Flowers

small, pale green lightly suffused with brown, pubescent outside. Sepals

spreading, ovate-oblong, obtuse, concave, }-1 in. long. Petals linear-oblong,

obtuse, as long as the sepals. Lip } in. long, ventricose at the base; limb

recurved, spathulate-oblong, obtuse, base finely crenulate ; basal sac 2-glandular,

minutely auriculate at the apex on both sides. Colwmn wide, 3 in. long.

Pollinva pyriform, narrowed to the base; gland scale-like.

Tas. 8744.—Fig. 1, flower; 2, petal; 3, lip; 4, column; 5, anther-cap;

6, pollinarium :—all enlarged.

dim.

MS.del JNFitch. ith. Vincent Brooks,Day &Son LU imp |”

L Reeve &C°®London, ¥

Tas. 8745.

INDIGOFERA PENDULA.

Yunnan.

LEGUMINOSAE. Tribe GALEGEAE.

InpicoFERA, Linn.; Benth, et Hook, f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 494.

Indigofera pendula, Franch. Pl. Delavay. p. 156, t. 37 (1889) ; Crab in Notes

Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. vol. viii. p. 68 (1913) ; affinis I. Faberi, Craib, sed

ramulis hornotinis adpresse puberulis, foliolis oblongo-ellipticis, pedicellis

brevioribus differt.

Frutex patens, 2°5-3 m. altus; ramuli annotini glabrescentes, cinereo-glauci,

foliorum delapsorum basibus notati, hornotini parce adpresse puberuli,

conspicue lenticellati, Folia usque ad 2°5 dm. longa, petiolo circiter

4*5 em. longo, rhachi supra canaliculata in canaliculo breviter pubescenti ;

foliola 10-13-juga, oblongo-elliptica, utrinque rotundata, apice longe

mucronata, 2-3-5 cm. longa, 1*3-1°8 cm. lata, tenuissime chartacea vel

fere membranacea, supra minute et crebre punctulata, infra tenuiter

adpresse pilosa, nervis lateralibus utrinsecus 7-8 subdistinctis ; petioluli

2-4 mm. longi, pubescentes. Racemi axillares, penduli, folia superantes,

usque ad 4°5 dm. longi, gracillimi, rhachi basi 7-8 em. nuda angulari

minutisime et parce pubescente; bracteae minutae; pedicelli 1-2 mm.

longi, puberuli; corolla in alabastro cinereo-velutina. Calyx oblique

cupularis ; tubus 1°5 mm. longus, extra adpresse pubescens; lobi parum

inaequales, subulati, lobo longissimo tubo leviter longiore. Corolla roseo-

purpurea; vexillum oblongo-ellipticum, 1:3 cm. longum, extra _ubique

sericeo-puberulum; alae vexillo parum breviores, superne ciliolatae ;

carina vexillo aequilonga, subobtusa, superne extra puberula. <Antherae

apiculatae. Ovarium adpresse strigosum, stylo gracili glabro, stigmate

globulari carnoso translucenti coronato. Legwmen sicco spiraliter tortum,

nitidum, 5 em. longum, parce strigillosum. Semina ellipsoidea, nitida,

pallide brunnea, 3°5 mm. longa.—J. HuTcuinson.

Indigofera pendula is a charming and graceful shrub

which was first collected by the late Abbé Delavay

in October, 1887, in woods near Lankong in Yunnan.

In May, 1906, Mr. G. Forrest met with this species again

on the eastern flank of the Likiang Range, where he.

found it both in open situations amongst scrub and in

damp shady pine-woods at elevations of 9,000-10,000

feet. Seeds collected by Mr. Forrest at a later date

were presented to Kew by Mr. J. C. Williams, Caerhays

Jan.—-Marcu, 1918,

Castle, in 1914, and from these the subject of our

. illustration was raised. The plants grew quickly and

flowered during August and September, 1916, when our

figure was prepared. They were cut back to the

ground-level during the winter of 1916-17, but broke

freely again from the base, grew during the summer

to a height of seven feet and flowered freely towards

autumn. The racemes are pendulous and the largest are

from 15-18 inches long. Indigofera pendula is most

nearly allied to J. Faberi, Craib, another Chinese species,

which has almost ‘glabrescent young twigs, ovate leaves

and ionger pedicels disposed on shorter racemes. The

cultivation of J. pendula offers no great difficulty ; the

plant likes a sunny position and an open well-drained

soil. Judging from the experience of the winter of

1916-17 it is at least as hardy as most of the other

cultivated Indigoferas, all of which die back to the

ground-level in winter. Like them it can easily be

increased by cuttings.

Description.—Shrub of spreading habit, 8-10 ft. high ; the year-old shoots

glabrescent, glaucous-grey, bearing the bases of fallen leaves; young shoots

sparingly adpressed puberulous, distinctly lenticelled. Leaves up to 10 in.

long; rachis channelled above and shortly pubescent along the groove;

leaflets in 10-13 pairs, oblong-elliptic, rounded and distinctly mucronate at the

tip, rounded at the base, 3-1} in. long, 3-3 in. wide, thinly papery or almost

membranous, pilose and closely punctulate above, thinly adpressed pilose

beneath, lateral nerves 7-8 on each side the midrib, tolerably distinct ;

petiolules ;;-} in. long, pubescent. Racemes axillary, pendulous, longer than

the leaves, up to 18 in. long, very slender, rachis naked for about 8 in. at the

base, angular, finely and sparingly pubescent ; bracts minute; pedicels very

short, puberulous; corolla in bud grey velvety. Calyx obliquely cup-shaped ;

tube ,'; in. long, adpressed pubescent outside ; lobes slightly unequal, subulate,

the longest lobe rather longer than the tube. Corolla rose-purple ; standard

oblong-elliptic, } in. long, uniformly silky-puberulous outside ; wings rather

shorter than the standard, ciliolate upwards; keel about as long as the standard,

somewhat obtuse, puberulous upwards on the outside. Anthers apiculate.

Ovary adpressed-strigose; style slender, glabrous, crowned by the globose,

fleshy, translucent stigma. Pod when dry spirally twisted, shining, 2 in. long,

sparingly strigillose. Seeds ellipsoid, shining, pale brown, } in. long.

Tas. 8745.—Fig. 1, flower; 2, the same, petals removed; 8, wing-petal ;

- 4, keel-petals; 5 and 6, antheis ; 7, style and stigma :—all enlarged.

8746

Vincent Brooks Day &SonLi4imp.

MS8.del JNFitch lith.

Tas. 8746.

AGAVE FOURCROYDES.

Yucatan.

AMARYLLIDACEAE. Tribe AGAVEAE.

AGavE, Linn. ; Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 733.

Agave (§ Euagave) fourcroydes, Lem. in Ill. Hort. vol. xi. Miscell. p. 65;

Trelease in Rep. Miss. Bot. Gard. vol. xix. pp. 277-279, et in Mem. Nat.

Acad, Sci. Washington, vol. xi. p. 48, t. 110-112; Berger, Agaven, p. 238,

fig. 69, species e grege Rigidarum-Sisalanarum, ab omnibus affinibus differt

praesertim rosula caulescente foliorumque spina terminali robusta.

Frutex caulescens, caule robusto erecto 0°75-1°2 m. et ultra alto, 25 em.

diametro, rosula elongata plurifolia coronato basi stolonifero. Folia

rigidissime erecto-patentia, coriaceo-carnosa, glauca, oblanceolato-ensi-

formia, circiter 1-4 m. et ultra longa, basin versus attenuata, supra

medium 10-12 cm. lata, sensim acuminata, basi supra convexa, hine

planiuscula, superne canaliculata et marginibus erecta, subtus carinato-

convexa; ad margines e basi usque 5-7 cm. infra spinam terminalem

aculeata, spinae basales parvae saepe confluentes, reliquae majores 2°2-

2-5 cm. inter se distantes e basi dilatata 5-6 mm. longa acumine anguste

deltoideo re- vel incurvato 2-4 mm. longo atrobrunneae, margine inter

spinas recto vel paullum sinuato; spina terminalis robusta, 3 cm. longa,

conica, recurvula, basi supra paullum excavata, haud vel vix decurrente,

atrobrunnea. Injflorescentia 6-7 m. alta; pedunculus erectus, robustus,

bracteis vacuis numerosis triangularibus acutis adpressis mox exsiccan-

tibus vestitus; panicula ampla, pedunculum fere aequans vel eo brevior,

Ne fentiadente 2 seo recta vel subcurvata, ramis circiter 15-20 patentibus

apice repetite trichotome divisis et flores numerosos luteo-virides dense

aggregatos ferentibus, post anthesin capsuligeris et abundanter bulbiferis.

Pedicelli circiter 5 mm. longi, bracteis minutis late deltoideis acutis.

Perianthii tubus obconico-campanulatus, 6-sulcatus, 15-17 mm. longus;

segmenta sublinearia, obtusa, tubi longitudine vel paullum longius, luteo-

viridia mox exsiccantia. Filamenta medio tubi affixa, luteo-viridia,

6°5 cm. longa; antherae luteae. Ovariwm subtrigono - cylindraceum,

utrinque angustatum, superne sub tubo constrictum, 3°5 cm. longum,

6-sulcatum, viride, pruinosum; stylus demum fere 8 cm. longus, stigmate

capitato. Capsula oblongo-clavata, subtrigona et 3-sulcata, circiter

5°5 cm. longa, basi stipitata, apice rostrata; semina atra, fere semi-

orbicularia, 9-10 mm. longa.—Agave ixtlioides, Lem. ex Jacobi in Hamb.

Gartenzeit. (1866), p. 214, Versuch. p. 287; non Hook. A. rigida, var.

longifolia, Engelm. in Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, vol. iii. p. 361; Collected

Works, p.312. A. Ixtli, var. elongata, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1877, vol. viii.

p. 397; Ricasoli, Monogr, Agav. p. 21; Terrace. Primo Contributo, p. 44,

A. rigida, var. elongata, Baker, Handb. Amaryll. p. 181; Kew Bulletin,

1892, p. 38; .Braun in Pflanzer, vol. iv. p. 70. A. elongata, Berger, Hort.

Jan.—Marcn, 1918.

Mortol. 11, p. 8358; non Jacobi. A. rigida, Hort. ex Berger in Gartenwelt,

vol. ii. p. 604 cum figura, ex parte. A. Ixtli, Hort. A. longifolia, Hort.

—A. BERGER.

The Agave here figured from material supplied from a

plant that poled in 1914 in the garden of Lady Hanbury at

La Mortola, Ventimiglia, Italy, though a species that is

neither new nor rare, fully deserves a place in this work

on account of its great economic interest. It is the

species which supplies from its leaves the fibre known as

Henequen, a material which rivals in its qualities and

value, and is perhaps at times confused with the now

more familiar fibre known as Sisal. The Henequen plant

is a native of Yucatan in which province of Mexico

it is also largely cultivated. From thence it has now

spread to most countries with a tropical or semitropical

climate, and where it is not grown for the sake of its

fibre it is used as an effective hedge-plant, or as a

decorative subject in gardens. It is singular that

nothing should be known with certainty as to when or

by whom this species was first introduced to cultivation

in Europe, and even its introduction as an economic

species is obscure. It is difficult to believe that this

species and its rival A. sisalana were unknown to Jacobi,

yet there is no description by that author which agrees

entirely with either plant. As regards A. sisalana the

same is true of Lemaire, and it is only because Professor

Trelease has been able to associate Lemaire’s name

A. fourcroydes with the species now figured that we believe

Lemaire to have known the Henequen, for the original

description of the plant leaves this doubtful. Until

Trelease thus vindicated the name Lemaire had _pro-

posed, the nomenclature of the Henequen was somewhat

confused ; other authors, unwilling to establish a new

species, have endeavoured to associate the Henequen with

A, rigida, Mill., A. elongata, Jacobi, A. candelabrum, Todaro,

and yet other species from which it differs very markedly.

A. foureroydes belongs to the subgenus Euayave, and

within this its affinities are with the Sisalanae. group of

the Jigidae, among which it is characterised by its

narrow leaves and non-decurrent end-spine. Reproduc-

tion is singularly well provided for in this species. The

rosette throws out suckers ; the panicle gives rise to great

numbers of viviparous bulbils, and at the same time

ripens capsules which contain an abundance of seeds.

Description.—Shrub, developing a stem 3-4 ft. high and 10 in. thick,

emitting suckers at the base. Leaves numerous in a terminal rosette, rigidly

erecto-patent, 44 ft. long, oblanceolate-ensiform, 4 in. or more wide above the

middle, gradually narrowed towards the base, apex rather shortly acuminate,

not very fleshy, glaucous and somewhat pruinose, smooth, convex on

the upper surface near the base, then flat and channelled with upcurved

margins, underneath convex and almost keeled; margins armed from the base

to about 2-3 in. below the end-spine, basal prickles very small, often confluent,

the others about 1-14 in. apart, blackish, with a broad horny base and a fine

short point, 1-2 lin. long, the lower recurved, the others upcurved (sometimes

the point twice bent), the margin between almost straight; end-spine stout,

conic, 1} in. long, a little recurved, not decurrent, round, grooved below the

middle, blackish-brown. Inflorescence about 18-21 ft. high, straight or slightly

curved at the top; scape stout, green, with numerous adpressed triangular

acute empty bracts; panicle oblong-pyramidal, rather loose, with about 15-20

branches, which are patent, tripartite at the top, with numerous flowers in

dense clusters; pedicels very short; bracts minute, deltoid, soon withering.

Flowers 23-3 in. long. Perianth tube about % in. long, 6-furrowed, broadly

obconic-campanulate; segments about as long as or a little longer than the

tube, linear, obtuse, yellowish-green, soon withering. Filaments inserted in

the middle of the tube, 2-21 in. long; anthers 1 in. long, yellow. Ovary

cylindric-clavate, somewhat triangular, green, pruinose, constricted at the

top, 1} in. long; style 3 in. long; stigma clavate. Capsule oblong-clavate,

obtusely triangular, 3-furrowed, with stipitate base and beaked apex, over

2 in. long. Seeds almost semiorbicular, 43-5 lin. long, black. Bulbils very

numerous. ;

Tan. 8746.—Figs. 1 and 2, anthers; 3, stigma; 4, sketch of an entire plant:

—all enlarged except 4, which is much reduced.

8747

oks, l

Vincent Bro

M.S.del. J.N Fitch lith

) ay é Son Litimp

L.Reeve & C9? London

Tas. 8747.

RHODODENDRON prostrRatuM.

Yunnan,

ERIcACEAE. Tribe RHODOREAE.

RuHopopenpkron, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 599.

Rhododendron prostratum, W. W. Smith in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb.

vol. viii. p. 202 (1914); affinis R. nivali, Hook. f., et R. Websteriano,

Rehd. et E. H. Wils., ab illo foliis ciliatis, pedicellis dense albido-villosis,

ab hoc habitu prostrato floribus pedicellatis differt.

Fruticulus usque ad 10 cm. altus, rami numerosi, prostrati, vetustiores brunnei

vel cinerei, juniores pallide virides, pilis debilibus albidis eglandulosis

densiusculis ornati; ramuli juniores 2-2°5 em. longi, cum ramulis annotinis

laxe foliati, dense cinereo-lepidoti. Folia oblongo-elliptica, apice obtusa

vel rotundata, conspicue mucronata, basi late obtusa vel rotundata, 1°5-2

cm. longa, 0°6-1 em. lata, tenuiter coriacea, margine revoluto primum pilis

debilibus albidis longe ciliato demum fere glabro, supra nitida, viridia,

glabra, infra squamulis parvis contiguis albidis demum pallide brunneis

dense obtecta ; costa media supra impressa, infra elevata, parce lepidota ;

nervi laterales supra conspicui, utrinsecus circiter 6, infra evanidi ; petioli

2°5 mm. longi, parce lepidoti et setosi. Flores in umbellam terminalem

1-3-floram dispositi; perulae exteriores oblongo-lanceolatae, apice sub-

foliaceae, mucronatae, circiter 7 mm. longae, brunneae, extra hispido-

pubescentes, interiores obovatae vel oblanceolatae, acute et abrupte

caudato-mucronatae, dorso carinatae et parce pubescentes; pedicelli

subcernui, 2 cm. longi, dense albido-villosi et minute lepidoti. Calyx

magnus, flavo-viridis, ad basin 5-lobatus; lobi_ basi conspicue imbricati,

late obovato-rotundati, 8 mm. longi, 6-7 mm. lati, extra glabri, margine

parce ciliati. Corolla perlate infundibuliformis, coccineo-violacea, limbo

patulo dorso rubro-maculato ; tubus vix 1 cm, longus, utrinque molliter

pubescens; lobi 5, ovato-rotundati, basi late auriculati, 1:5 em. longi,

1:5-1°8 em. lati, extra parce pubescentes, haud lepidoti. Stamia 9-10,

corollae tubo longiora; filamenta violacea, usque ad 1:3 cm. longa, apice

incurva, prope basin dense villosa; antherae atro-brunneae, 2°5 min.

longae. Ovariwm minute et dense lepidotum, 3 mm. longum; stylus

rubescens, glaber, corolla aequalis, stamina multo superans, stigmate

rubro-brunneo capitato coronatus.—J. HuTcHINson.

The dwarf Rhododendron here figured is a native of

Yunnan, where it was discovered in June, 1910, by

Mr. G. Forrest, as a prostrate shrub 24 inches high,

trailing over rocks and on moist peaty soil almost at —

the limit of vegetation, on the .eastern flank of the

Likiang Range at elevations of 15,000-16,000 feet.

Jan.-Marca, 1918,

Seeds sent by Mr. Forrest to Mr. J. C. Williams,

Caerhays Castle, were sown there in 1910, and the

material for our figure has been provided by a plant

presented to Kew by Mr. Williams which flowered in

April, 1917. This species, which has been named

ft. prostratum at Edinburgh by Mr. W. W. Smith, comes

near to #?. nivale, Hook. f., from Sikkim, with which it

agrees in habit, but from which it differs in having larger

ciliate leaves and densely villous flower-stalks. There is

no doubt that &. prostratum is one of the most distinct

and beautiful of the dwarf species now in cultivation.

It has shown itself perfectly hardy in this country so far

as winter cold is concerned, but whether its flowers will

escape the later frosts remains to be seen. The month

of April, 1917, being very inclement, the Kew plant was

taken into a cool greenhouse as soon as the flower-buds

began to open, in order to preserve the blossoms from

injury by the frost and snow then prevailing.

DEscriPTion.—Shrublet, 2-4 in. high ; twigs numerous, prostrate, the older

ones brown or grey, the younger pale green, beset with rather dense weak white

hairs; new shoots 3-1 in. long, laxly leafy like the shoots of the previous

season, densely grey lepidote. Leaves oblong-elliptic, apex blunt or rounded,

conspicuously mucronate, base broadly rounded or truneate, $f in. long, }-} in.

wide, thinly coriaceous, margin revolute at first ciliate with weak white hairs,

at length almost glabrous, green, polished and glabrous above, beneath closely

beset with small contiguous scales at first white, at length pale brown ; midrib

impressed above, raised beneath, sparingly lepidote ; lateral nerves about 6 on

each side, the midrib conspicuous above, obscure beneath ; petiole ;; in. long,

sparingly lepidote and setose. Flowers in terminal 1-3-flowered umbels; outer

bud-scales oblong-lanceolate with mucronate foliaceous tips, about in. long,

brown, hispidly pubescent outside; inner bud-scales obovate or oblanceolate,

acutely and abruptly caudate-mucronate, keeled on the back, and sparingly

pubescent; pedicels slightly nodding, in. long, densely white villous and

minutely lepidote. Calyz large, yellowish-green, 5-lobed to the base; lobes

markedly imbricate below, wide obovate-rounded, 3 in. long, } in. wide, glabrous

outside, margin sparingly ciliate. Corolla very wide funnel-shaped, pink-

violet, limb spreading, dotted with red behind ; tube 2 in. long, softly pubescent

on both sides ; lobes 5, ovate-rounded, wide auricled at the base, 2 in. long,

3~ in. wide, sparingly pubescent outside but not lepidote. Stamens 9-10,

longer than the corolla-tube ; filaments violet, over 4 in. long, incurved at the

top, densely villous near the base; anthers dark brown, ;); in. long. Ovary

finely and densely lepidote, # in. long; style reddish, glabrous, as long as the

corolla, considerably larger than the stamens ; stigma reddish-brown, capitate.

Tas. 8747.—Fig. 1, part of leaf showing the margin and under surface;

2, scale from the same ; 3, calyx and pistil ; 4, corolla, laid open; 5 and 6,

stamens; 7, ovary :—all enlarged,

Rea Sere, eRe

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MS .del. IN.Fitch lith.

L Reeve & C°L,ondon.

Tas. 8748.

ECHEVERIA seE Tosa.

Mexico.

CRASSULACEAE,

Ecueveria, DC.; Rose in N. Amer, Fl. vol. xxii. p. 13; Benth. et Hook. Ff. Gen.

Plant. vol. i. p. 659, sub Cotyledon, Linn.

Echeveria setosa, Rose ef Purpus in Contrib. U.S. Nat. Herb. vol. xiii. p. 45;

Rose in Addisonia, i. 11, cum icon.; a speciebus ceteris foliis et inflore-

scentiis albo-setosis differt.

Herba succulenta, acaulescens. Folia usque ad 100 vel ultra, in rosulam

densam 7-10 cm. diametro, 4-7 cm. altam collecta, sessilia, supra fere

plana, subtus convexa, oblanceolato-spathulata, ad 5 cm. longa, 1°8 em.

lata, 5 mm. crassa, mucronato-cuspidata, viridia, nitida, pilis patentibus

utrinque albo-setosa. Scapt e foliorum superiorum axillis orti, 1-4 ex

quaque rosula, 10-12 cm. longi, laxe foliati, foliis anguste oblongis.

Inflorescentiae scorpioideae, simplices vel bifurcatae; bracteae inferiores

1-1-5 cm. longae, apice basique angustatae, utrinque convexae, superiores

gradatim minores; pedicelli inferiores-1-3 em. longi. Sepala patula,

lineari-oblonga, viridia, ad 10 mm. longa, 2-3 mm. lata. Corolla

10-16 mm. longa, basi rubra, apice flava, intus levis, extra leviter setosa

fere ad basin in segmenia lineari-oblonga fissa. Stamina 10, inclusa, alba.

Carpella 4-5 mm. longa, in stylum gradatim attenuata; stylus 4-5 mm.

longus, viridis.—M. L. Green.

The genus Lcheveria was proposed by Decandolle in

1828 for those species from America which earlier

authors had referred to Cotyledon, originally founded by

Linnaeus on African and Mediterranean plants. The

new genus differed from Cotyledon mainly in having the

petals connate only at the base and the stamens shorter

than the petals. In 1865 Bentham and Hooker declined

to accept these differential characters as adequate. In

their view the only character by which Echeverta could

be distinguished from Cotyledon is to be found in the —

pentagonal corolla. But floristic convenience at times

finds monographic canons unduly severe, and its dictates

have induced Dr. Rose to reconsider the verdict of the

Genera Plantarum. In 1903 this careful student reverted

to the view of Decandolle, and two years later definitely

Jan.~Marcu, 1918,

resuscitated Echeveria, which as defined by him, includes

some sixty species, mostly Mexican, though some occur

in Central America, a few in South America, and one is

met with in Texas. It has to be noted, however, that

_while he accepts the view of Decandolle in preference

to that of Bentham and Hooker, the character on which

Dr. Rose lays greatest stress is that pointed out in the

Genera Plantarum ; Echeveria, Rose, as contrasted with

Lcheveria, DC., must consequently be held to include

several South African plants with a pentagonal corolla.

This suggests consequences which need not be discussed

in connection with /. setosa, the species now figured,

which has, so far, only received a name in the genus

Echeveria. This plant, readily distinguished from all its

congeners by its setose leaves, was discovered in 1907 by

Dr. C. A. Purpus on the Cerro de la Yerba, near San Luis

Tultitlanapa, Puebla, South Mexico. Plants were pre-

sented to Kew in 1910 by Dr. Britton, New York Botanic

Garden, and in 1912 another was acquired from Messrs,

Haage and Schmidt, Erfurt. From the latter, which

flowered in 1914, our figure has been prepared ; two

smaller leaves have been added to the plate from a

plant presented by Dr. Britton. In England £. setosa

can only be grown under greenhouse conditions. It

flowers regularly and produces offsets freely.

DeEscription.—Herb, succulent, stemless. Leaves 100 or more, clustered in

_ & dense rosette 3-4 in. across, and 13-3 in. high, sessile, almost flat above,

convex beneath, oblanceolate-spathulate, up to 2 in. long, ? in. wide, 2 in. thick,

mucronate-cuspidate, green, polished, white-setose on both faces with spreading

hairs. Scapes 4-5 in. long, 1-4 to each rosette, from the axils of the upper

leaves, sparsely beset with narrow oblong leaves. Inflorescence scorpioid,

simple or forked ; lowermost bracts 5~s in. long, narrowed to the tip and to the

base, convex on both faces, gradually decreasing upwards ; lower pedicels 2-11

in. long. Sepals spreading, linear-oblong, green, up to ¢ in. long, 7;-1 in. wide.

Corolla $-4 in. long, red towards the base, yellow above, smooth within, finely

setose without, split almost to the base into 5 linear-oblong segments. Stamens

10, included, white. Carpels 1-1 in. long, gradually narrowed into green

cylindric styles 3-2 in. long.

Tas. 8748.—Fig, 1, petal and stamen; 2, pistil ; 8, sketch of an entire plant ;

A, A, leaves from the Erfurt plant figured; B, B, leaves from a plant received

from New York :—ail enlarged except 8, which is much reduced,

8749

soni

srooks, Day&

oa]

)

Tas. 8749.

PETUNIA INTEGRIFOLIA.

South America.

SonanaceaE. Tribe SALPIGLOSSIDAE.

Petunia, Juss.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 907.

Petunia integrifolia, Hort. ex Harrison, Floricult. Cab. vol. i. p. 144 (1833) ;

Schinz & Thellung in Vierteljahrsschr. Nat. Ges. Ziirich, vol. 1x. p. 361

(1915) ; species P. inflatae, R. E. Fries, valde affinis, sed pedunculis post

anthesin ‘plus minusve deflexis, floribus capsulis et seminibus paulum

majoribus differt.

Herba vel suffrutex diffuse ramosus, fere ubique glanduloso-pubescens ; rami

graciles, teretes, prostrati, decumbentes vel interdum adscendentes. Folia

alternata, breviter petiolata, saepius elliptico-lanceolata, interdum ovato-

lanceolata vel lanceolata, integerrima, apice acuta, basi cuneata, petiolo

incluso 2°5-8 cm. longa, saepe 4-5 cm. longa, 1°5-8°5 cm. lata. Bracteae

oppositae, foliis simillimae sed minores. Flores simulanter axillares,

solitarii, pedunculati. Pedunculi graciles, 1-6°5 saepe 8-4 cm. longi,

primum adscendentes, post anthesin plus minusve deflexi. Calyx 1°5-38 cm,

longus, leviter accrescens, subaequaliter 5-partitus; segmenta spathulato-

linearia vel ligulata, subacuta, 1*2-8 cm. longa, 1 -75-5 mm. lata. Corolla

primum laete roseo-purpurea, demum pallidior, extra pallide roseo-pur-

purea, tubo extra purpura suffuso et lineis purpureis notato ; tubus circiter

2°5 cm. longus, e basi angusta valde ventricosus, apicem versus circiter

1-2 cm. latus ; limbus leviter 2-labiatus, breviter 5-lobatus; lobi 1°6-1°8

em. lati, rotundati. Stamina 5, inclusa, quorum 4 didynama, antheris

per paria conniventibus, quinto minore; filamenta glabra. Ovarium

ovoideum, vix 8 mm. longum, glabrum, basi disco angusto cireumdatum ;

stylus glaber, stamina longiora vix aequans ; stigma discoideo-capitatum.

Capsula ovoidea, apiculata, circiter 8 mm. longa et6mm. lata.— P. phoenicea,

D. Don, in Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, vol. ii. sub t. 172 (1882); Loud.

Gard. Mag. vol. ix. p. 707. P. violacea, Lindl. Bot. Reg. vol. xix. t. 1626

(1883) ; Paxton, Mag. Bot. vol. i. p. 7, cum tab. col.; Rennie, Mag. Bot. &

Gard. vol. ii. p. 117, t. 35, fig. 8; G. Don, Gen. Syst. vol. iv. p. 468; Miers

in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. vol. v. p. 185; Sendtner in Mart. Fl. Bras.

vol. x. p. 172; Dunal in DC. Prodr. vol. xiii. pars 1, p. 578; R. E. Fries

in K. Svensk. Vet.-Akad. Handl. vol. xlvi. no. 5, p. 58, t. 2, figs. 2-4 & t. 5,

fig. 8 a-d (1911). P. dichotoma, Sendtner in Mart. Fl. Bras vol. xX. p. 173

_ (1846) ; Dunal in DC. Prodr. vol. xiii. pars 1, p. 576. Salpiglossis integri-

folia, Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 8118 (1831); Lodd. Bot. Cab, t. 1978.

Nierembergia phoenicea, D. Don in Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, vol. ii.

sub t. 172 (1882) et t. 193 (1838) ; Harrison, Floricult. Cab. vol. i. p. 144,

t. 8, fiz. 2. N. punicea, G. Don, Gen. Syst. vol. iv. p. 468 (1887).

Stimoryne purpurea, Rafin. Fl. Tellur. pars iii. p. 76 (1886). Nicotiana

integrifolia, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. 2, p. 223 (1898).—S. A. SEAN.

; The plant figured here under the name of Petunia

integrifolia (though much better known as P. violacea)

Jan.-Manrcg, 1918.

first appeared in our gardens in 1831, having been raised

from seeds sent to the Glasgow Botanic Garden by John

(by some writers erroneously called James) Tweedie, who

was at that time residing in Buenos Aires. The genus,

now comprising twenty-nine species, was established in

1803 by Jussieu who, at the same date, described two

species, P. parviflora and P. nyctaginiflora. There was.an

interval of nearly thirty years before the third species,

the subject of this note, was discovered. P. nyctaginiflora,

which appears to have been in cultivation in the Jardin

des Plantes, Paris, in 1820, was figured at t. 2552 of this

Magazine in 1825, yet it seems to have been so far over-

looked when Sir William Hooker described Tweedie’s

new introduction six years later that the latter was not

recognised as belonging to the same genus, and was

published at t. 3113 as Salpiglossis integrifolia, the figure

then given being scarcely a faithful representation of the

species. The plant immediately became a favourite.

Pretty and graceful as it was in itself its possibilities as a

subject for crossing with P. nyctaginiflora were quickly

-Tealised. Florists took it up with remarkable success ;

artists repeatedly made drawings of it, and often poor

ones, and botanists repeatedly described it, giving it at

least nine names under five different genera. A hybrid

was first obtained in 1834 by a nurseryman named

Atkins of Northampton, and this was figured and

described in Sweet’s Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, vol. iii. t. 268

as Nierembergia Atkinsiana. Many forms of the hybrid

soon appeared in gardens, and three were figured at

t. 3556 of the Botanical Magazine. Details as to the

evolution and history of the Petunia have been given by

L. H. Bailey (Survival of the Unlike, p. 465), Le Texnier

(Rev. Hort. 1908, p. 377) and Lotsy (Archives Néerlan-

daises, ser. 3 B, vol. ii. p. 221). The true P. integrifolia

disappeared from cultivation, though plants passing

under the name of /. vivlacea were still met with in

collections. The P. violacea which has been cultivated

in the Chelsea Physic Garden for many years—it was

found there when Mr. Hales became Curator in 1899—is

quite distinct from the true plant. It has an erect habit

of growth, rather like that of P. nyctaginiflora, and bright

rose-coloured flowers, with a whitish throat and a pallid

exterior; the corolla-tube is rather longer than that of

P. integrifolia, and is funnel-shaped rather than ventricose.

It agrees with the description of P. violacea var. “ Gloire

de Segrez’”’ in Vilmorin-Andrieux, Les Fleurs de Pleine

Terre, ed. 3, p. 848, which was raised from a garden

Petunia known as “ Marquis de la Ferté.”’ It is said to

reproduce itself exactly by seed, and is believed to be

the same as P. violacea oculata, Hort., and P. ‘‘ Countess

of Eliesmere.”” In 1911 an effort was made by Kew to

secure the re-introduction of the true P. integrifolia from

South America, and a request for seeds was sent to

Sir Reginald Tower, His Majesty’s Minister at Buenos

Aires, who had on many previous occasions given

invaluable help to the establishment. The trouble he gave

himself in consequence of this request seemed endless,

and amongst others whom he interested in the search for

the plant should especially be mentioned Mr. Carlos

Thays, at that time Director-General of Public Parks,

Buenos Aires, and Mr. C. E. R. Rowland, Vice-Consul at

Monte Video, since 1916 Vice-Consul in Mexico, where,

we deeply regret to hear, he died in 1917. Mr. Rowland

was at last successful in obtaining seeds of both P. integri-

folia and. P. nyctaginiflora from a virgin district on the

banks of one of the small tributaries of the River Plate

in Uruguay, and these reached Kew in September,

1916. <A plant of P. integrifolia raised from these seeds

flowered in June, 1917, and provided the material for our

figure. The species is now known from the Southern

states of Brazil, from Paraguay, Uruguay and the

Argentine Republic. It appears to vary considerably,

and there js reason to believe from specimens in the

Kew Herbarium that there are natural hybrids between

it and P. nyctaginiflora. Dr. Fries has described as a

subspecies, named depauperata, a form with smaller

leaves, shorter peduncles and smaller flowers. His

P. inflata must be very closely allied to P. integrifolia,

and judging from the specimens at Kew, which, it should

be stated, form but a small part of the material cited by

Dr. Fries, it cannot be satisfactorily distinguished. It is

characterised mainly by the peduncles remaining erect

after flowering, while in P. integrifolia they are more or

less deflexed. The cultivation of P. integrifolia presents

no difficulty other than those experienced in connection

with the very varied garden Petunias which are now

generally raised from seed. As long ago as 1866

Mr. Naudin pointed out that neither P. integrifolia nor

P. nyctaginiflora vary when raised from their own seed,

but that when intercrossed they yield hybrids as fertile

as themselves ; these hybrids being all alike in the first

generation, but in the second varying in the most

remarkable degree. Modern Petunias owe more to the

skill and attention of Mr. E. Benary of Erfurt than to

any other cultivator. Mr. Benary separates his forms

into several groups and claims that some thirty per cent.

of his forms come true from seed. The plants are treated

as tender annuals and are largely grown for summer

bedding ; the seeds are germinated in spring in heat and

the seedlings planted out of doorsin May. The plants

may also be grown in pots for conservatory decoration.

A light soil and abundance of summer heat and direct

sunshine are essential to their freedom of growth and

flower. In Mr. Benary’s experience the best Petunias are

not those that show most vigour in the seedling stage. For

this reason he has always made it his practice to discard

the strongest seedlings when pricking them out from the

seed pan.

Description.—Herdb or undershrub, diffusely branched, glandular pubescent

in nearly all its parts; branches slender, terete, prostrate, decumbent or

occasionally ascending. Leaves alternate, short petioled, usually elliptic-

lanceolate or lanceolate, quite entire, acute, base cuneate, including the petiole

1-3 in. long, blade often 13-2 in. long, 2-13 in. wide. Bracts opposite, like

the leaves but somewhat smaller. Flowers pseudo-axillary, solitary, peduncled ;

peduncles slender, 3-2! in. (usually 1}-13 in.) long, at first ascending, after

flowering more or less deflexed. Calyx 3-1} in. long, slightly aecrescent,

subequally 5-partite; segments spathulate-linear or ligulate, subacute, 4-1}

in. long, 75-3 in. wide. Corolla at first bright rose-purple, becoming at length

paler, outside pale rose-purple with the tube outside suffused with purple and

marked with deeper purple lines; tube abouti1 in. long, ventricose above the

narrow base, towards the top nearly } in. across ; limb slightly 2-lipped and

shortly 5-lobed ; lobes 2-8 in. wide, rounded. Stamens 5, included, the four

longer didynamous with their anthers connivent in pairs, the fifth distinctly

smaller; filaments glabrous. Ovary ovoid, barely 1 in. long, glabrous,

surrounded at the base by a narrow disk ; style glabrous, hardly as long as the

longest pair of stamens; stigma discoid-capitate. Capsule ovoid, apiculate,

about } in. long and } in. wide.

Tas. 8749.—Fig. 1, calyx and pistil; 2, lower portion of corolla-tube laid

open, showing the stamens; 3 and 4, stamens; 5, ovary and disk :—all

enlarged,

8750

Vincen

L. Reeve & C°London.

Tas. 8750.

RHODODENDRON sBracHyAnTHUM.

Yunnan.

ERIcackEakE. Tribe RHODOREAE.

Ruopopenpron, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. J. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 599.

Rhododendron brachyanthum, Franch. in Bull, Soc. Bot. Fr. vol. XXXiii.

p. 234 (1886) ; affinis R. campylogyno, Franch., sed perulis caducis, foliis

basi haud cuneatis marginibus integris, pedicellis brevioribus floribus flavis

differt.

Frutex parce ramosus ; rami crassi, stricti, rigidi; ramuli annotini apicem

versus laxe foliati, minute lepidoti, cortice brunneo nitido obtecti,

innovationibus densiuscule flavo-lepidotis. Folia eliiptica vel oblongo-

elliptica, utrinque obtusa, apice crasse apiculata, 2-4 em. longa, 1-2 cm.

lata, rigide coriacea, supra viridia et inconspicue glandulosa, infra con-

spicue glauca et parce glanduloso-lepidota; costa media supra leviter

impressa, infra valde prominens et glandulosa sed haud glauca; nervi

laterales aliquantum jineonspicui, supra impressi; petioli 4-5 mm.

longi, crassi, glandulosi. Flores umbellati terminales, 3-4-nati; perulae

caducae, coriaceae, dense ciliatiae, dorso glandulosae, exteriores foliaceae

et infra glaucae; pedicelli erecti vel subnutantes, circiter 2 cm. longi,

glanduloso-lepidoti. Calyx amplus, subfoliaceus, profunde 5-lobatus,

basin versus extra dense lepidotus, lobis ovato-oblongis apice rotundatis

dorso parce lepidotis circiter 8 mm. longis et 5 mm. latis marginibus

undulatis glabris. Corolla pallide flava; tubus late campanulatus 1 em.

longus, glaber ; lobi 5, latissime ovati, basi auriculati, 6 mm. longi, 6-8 cm.

lati. Stamina 10, corolla paulo breviora; filamenta inferne dense villosa ;

antherae flavo-brunneae, 2 mm. longae. Ovarium 5-loculare, dense

viridi-lepidotum ; stylus staminibus subaequilongus, crassus, glaber, in

stigma capitato-disciforme sensim ampliatus. Fructus haud visus.—

J. Hurcuinson,

The neat Rhododendron here figured is a native of

Yunnan, where it was discovered by Mr. G. Forrest in

open rocky situations in dry pine forests on the eastern

flank of the Tali Range, at 11,000 feet, and on the

Mekong-Salwin Divide to the north-west of Tse-kou at

13,000. feet. In the latter locality it has also been

collected by the Rev. Pére Monbeig, while in the former

it was obtained on Tsang-chau by the Abbé Delavay,

whose specimens, which match exactly that now figured,

were made the basis of &. brachyanthum, Franch. Our

plant, it may be mentioned, is by some authorities

tegarded as a form of the plant subsequently described

Jan.-Marcu, 1918,

by Franchet as R. sulphureum. Should this prove to be

the case the latter name must disappear from our lists.

The material for our plate has been derived from a plant

raised from seed supplied by Mr. Forrest to Mr. J. C.

Williams, Caerhays, who informs us that in spite of the

affection of the plant for open situations in its native

home, and though it is not a shade-loving species, it does

not survive in this country if given a hot place in the

sun. With partial shade it proves quite hardy. When

in fruit, as Mr. Williams points out, it is exceedingly like

R. glaucum, Hook. f., a native of Sikkim with rose-lilac

flowers and acute calyx-lobes. It is also very nearly

allied to &. campylogynum, Franch., a Yunnan species

with pale rose-purple flowers.

Descriprion.—Shrub, sparingly branched; branches stout, strict, stiff; twigs

of the previous season laxly leafy upwards, finely lepidote, clothed with brown

polished bark; young twigs densely covered with yellow scales. Leaves

elliptic or oblong-elliptic, obtuse and distinctly mucronate, base obtuse, }-1}

in. long, 3-3 in. wide, firmly coriaceous, green and sparsely lepidote above, very

glaucous and sparingly glandular-lepidote beneath ; midrib faintly sunk above,

distinctly raised beneath and there glandular but not glaucous; lateral nerves

rather inconspicuous, sunk above; petiole 2-1 in. long, stout, glandular.

Flowers umbellate, terminal, 3-4 together; scales caducous, coriaceous,

densely ciliate, glandular on the back, the outermost leafy and glaucous below ;

pedicels erect or slightly drooping, about 3 in. long, glandular-lepidote. Calyx

large, rather leafy, deeply 5-lobed, lepidote towards the base outside, about

3 in. long, } in. wide, margins undulate, glabrous. Corolla pale yellow; tube

wide campanulate, 2 in. long, glabrous; lobes 5, very wide ovate, auriculate at

the base, } in. long, 1—} in. wide. Stamens 10, rather shorter than the corolla ;

filaments densely villous below; anthers yellowish-brow |, ;; in. long. Ovary

5-locular, densely green-lepidote; style about as long as the stamens, stout,

glabrous, widened above into the flat-cap stigma. Fruit not seen.

‘Tas. 8750.—Fig. 1, part of a leaf; 2, calyx and pistil; 3, scales from

= ! 4 and 5, stamens; 6, ovary; 7, transverse section of ovary :—all

enlarged.

ghey.

= ny

est

M.8.del JNFiutch Lith.

Vincent Brooks, D ay& SonL¥ unp.

lL, Reeve &C London.

Tas. 8751.

ASPARAGUS FALcatus.

Ceylon; Tropical and Extratropical South Africa.

LintaceakE. Tribe ASPARAGEAE.

Asparacus, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 765.

Asparagus falcatus, Linn. Spec. Plant. ed. i. p. 449; Bresler, Gen. Aspar.

Hist. no. 2; Kunth, Enum. Plant. vol. v. p. 71; Baker in Journ. Linn.

Soc. Bot. vol. xiv. p. 626, in Dyer, Fl. Cap. vol. vi. p. 271 (partim), et in

Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr. vol. vii. p. 485 (partim) ; Hook. in Trim. Handb. FI.

Ceyl. iv. p. 285 ; species ex aflinitate A. Sprengeri, Regel, a qua cladodiis

falcatis latioribus differt.

Frutex late vagans. Caules robusti, teretes, lignosi; rami tenues, flexuosi,

teretes, lignosi, straminei. Folia caulium in spinas validas pungentes

patentes mutata. Cladodia lateralia 1-3-nata, ad ramorum apices

6-8-nata, lanceolata, faleata, 4-5 cm. longa, 83-5 mm. lata, laete virentia,

firma. Racemi axillares, 1-3-nati, 5 cm. longi; pedicelli 1-3-nati, medio

articulati,. 2-8 mm. longi; bracteolae ovatae, quam pedicelli dimidio

breviores. Flores albi, suaves. Perianthium campanulatum; segmenta

patentia, oblonga, obtusa, integra, 2 mm. longa. Stamina perianthio

paullo breviora; antherae minutae. Ovarium ovoideum, basi con-

strictum ; stylus brevis, rotunde 8-lobus. Bacca globosa, 6 mm. diametro,

saepius 1-sperma.—A. foliis falcatis, etc., J. Burm. Thes. Zeyl. p. 36, t. 13,

fig. 2. A. aethiopicus, var. ternifolius, Baker in Gard. Chron. 1872,

p- 1588, fig. 338; nec in Saund. Ref. Bot. t. 261.—C. H. Wricur.

The Asparagus here figured is an old garden plant

which has long been in cultivation as a greenhouse

climber. It is a native of Ceylon, where it is known as

the Hatawariya. This, however, is an outlying locality

for the species, though it happened to be the region from

which the species was originally known, for it occurs also in

Tropical Africa and in the Eastern region of South Africa

outside the Tropics. As its nearest ally, A. Sprengeri,

Regel, is a native of the last mentioned region the

possibility of our plant being an early introduction to

Ceylon should not be overlooked. There is a fine

example of A. falcatus in the Temperate House at Kew

which forms a screen thirty feet high, clothing a staircase

at the northern end of the building. In those seasons in

JAN.—~Marcu, 1918

which this plant flowers freely, which it usually does in

June when it blossoms at all, the whole building becomes

pervaded by its honey-like odour. Another example,

from which the material for our figure has been derived,

forms a striking mass which drapes one of the pillars in

the Succulent House. Like the companion plant this

only flowers freely in certain seasons ; it did so profusely

in June, 1913. The species thrives best if planted in

poor gravelly soil; it may be propagated either from

seeds when these are produced, or by means of cuttings

taken from the smaller branches. The figure supplied by

Burmann, which Linnaeus has cited, appears to be a bad

drawing; it shows the flowers as fascicled, which is not

the case with our species. There has been some confusion

between A. falcatus now figured and its Natal ally,

A. Sprengeri, the fruit of which has been figured at

t. 8052 of this work, while its flowers have been figured,

under the name A. ternifolius, Hook. f., at t. 7728;

A. Sprengeri has also been figured in Saunders’ ‘ Re-

fugium” as A. aethiopicus, var. ternifolius. Both plants

belong to a group of species in the genus Asparagus

characterised by having flattened cladodia and race-

Mose inflorescences. But they are readily distinguished

because in A. Sprengeri the cladodia are straight

instead of falcate and are but half as broad as those of

A, falcatus, while the prickles on the main-stem of

A. Sprengeri are smaller than those of A. falcatus and are

hooked. The two species agree in having terete.

branchlets, and in this character both differ from

A, aethiopicus, Linn., with which they have been confused,

but which has the branchlets strongly angled.

Dsscrirrion.— Shrub, widely scandent. Stems stout, terete, woody;

branchlets slender, flexuous, terete, woody, straw-coloured. Leaves of the

ak reduced to rigid, sharp, spreading spines. Cladodes along the stem

1k A — at the ends of the twigs in clusters of 6-8, lanceolate, falcate,

o"% in. long, 4-3 in. wide, bright green, firm. Racemes axillary, 1-3 together,

b in. long; pedicels 1-3 together, jointed near the middle, ;—-} in. long;

Pierce ovate, half the length of the pedicels. Flowers white, sweet scented.

hese campanulate; lobes spreading, oblong, obtuse, entire, ;); in. long.

mens rather shorter than the perianth-lobes ; anthers minute. Ovary ovoid,

narrowed at the base; style sh : vol

across, usually 1-seeded. ort, roundly 3-lobed. Berry globose, 2 in.

Tas, 8751.—Fig. 1, a flower ; 2 and 3, stamens :—all enlarged.

A Practical Guide to Flower Gardening te Amatear eee

which is added some Suggestions on ae Hood Plants durin,

By E. T. ELLIS, FRH. Sa

_ “4 Garden is a place for flowers, a place where one may doster a passion fe

loveliness, may learn the magic of colour, ae, the glory ve pene and segue sympa

vis Nature in her higher moods,” _

: ABSTRACT OF CONTENTS.—StartInG A Gasp Asin Lea atau

-PERENNIALS—Cotour Borprrs—THE Rock Garpex—Roses—Borps—WEEDS, ;

“anp Diseases—-PROPAGATION OF PLants—Sor1~s AND MaNURES AND ‘mere Mana

‘MENT— EXPERIMENT IN -Ganpexina — Proronesque Vv EGETABLE ‘CxS

"Fourth Revised 1 Eaition. Oetoner, 1 ‘

= Series of 1315 Wood Heparin! witlt ‘Gisce lions

Plants. Drawn by W. H. Firen, F.LS., with additions |

Surrn, F.L.S.- Forming an illustrated companion to BENTH:

HANDBOOK Nd THE BRITISH SUR cae

ions. “In the body of the work many synonyms are now added. under each ill i

together with the English names eis an. sodpehice ss the eolour # the flowe:

(x98) 8742.

(1918) 8743.0

“(zg18) 8744,

le (1918) 8745, :

(igx8) 8746,

(0918)

Nos

VOL, XIV.

PRIL, MAY, JUNE, 1918.

OF NEW AND ) RARE

SIR DAVID PRAIN, CMG,

Director, Ropal Botanic Gar

IS: “he Calbae. Caftraria. ied Port ocr: ~

ARVEY aC ay ‘W. Sonper, continued by Sir W. T. THISELTON-DyER,

RS. Nine: Vols. coe: as ged: ome oon each, ee where Papi

AL IC. By Das, Dees ERS, ©

r "ousncox-Des, $8: eee Shore wea as as follows,

whe

8752

Vincent Brooks, Day * Son LY mp

MS.del. JN Fitch lith.

L.Reeve&C ° London.

TAB. 8752.

PRIMULA ANISODORA.

Yunnan.

PRIMULACEAE. Tribe PRIMULEAE.'

Prmuns, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 681.

Primula (§ Candelabra) anisodora, Balf. f. et Forr. in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard.

Edinb. vol. ix. p. 147 (1916) ; species P. glycosmate, Petitm., affinis foliis

brevioribus, bracteis longioribus, corolla atro-purpurea, lobis brevibus sub-

quadrangularibus differt.

Herba efarinosa, usque ad 1 m. alta. Folia oblongo-oblanceolata, apice

rotundata, apiculata, basi in petiolum late alatum sensim attenuata,

15-20 cm. longa, 5-7 cm. lata, chartacea, crebre et acute repando-denti-

culata, laete viridia, supra glabra, infra plus minusve glanduloso-foveolata ;

nervi laterales utrinsecus circiter 10, a costa sub angulo 45° abeuntes,

utrinque distincti; costa pallidiora, in petiolo rubro-venoso complanata.

Flores in umbellam terminalem interruptam dispositi; pedunculus

robustus; bracteae lineares, acutae, usque ad 1 cm. longae, glabrae ;

pedicelli 1-1-3 cm. longi, nutantes. Calyx campanulatus; tubus 4 mm. .

longus, ruber et viridis; lobi late ovati, apiculati, 1°75 mm. longi, circiter .

1°5 mm. lati. Corolla extra atro-purpurea, intra lobos rubro-purpurea, ore

flavo; tubus basi cylindricus, superne subcampanulato-expansus, circiter

1 em. longus; lobi plerumque 5, subquadrangulares. Antherae medio

tubo insertae, oblongae. Stylus ovario aequilongus, stigmate globoso

coronato. Capsula subglobosa, calycem vix auctum paullo superans, stylo-

podio nigro-rubro crenulato coronata, valvis 5 dehiscens.—J. HuTcHINnson.

This striking Primula was discovered by Mr. G. Forrest

in open moist pastures on the mountains of the Chungtien

Plateau in Yunnan, at an altitude of about 11,000 feet

above the sea, in July, 1913. He met with the species

again in the same general locality in July, 1914. The

flowers are of a deep purple, almost black colour, and all

parts of the plant when fresh are strongly aromatic, the

odour resembling that of aniseed. Owing to this circum-

stance Professor Bayley Balfour and Mr. Forrest in

describing the species have given it the name P. aniso-

dora. Seeds of the 1913 introduction, presented by

Mr. J. C. Williams of Caerhays Castle, Cornwall, in 1915,

yielded plants which flowered in the Rock Garden at

Kew at the end of June, 1916. It has proved quite

Aprit-Juxg, 1918.

hardy in a sheltered nook, surviving the winter and

flowering again in the summer of 1917. The material

for our figure has been derived from a plant raised by

Mr. Williams from seeds of the second collection by

Mr. Forrest made in 1914. This plant flowered in the

garden of Mr. Williams in June, 1917. P. anisodora is a

member of the section Candelabra, and it has, according

to its authors, a very near ally in P. glycosma, Petitm.,

also a Yunnan species. The dark flowers, perhaps the

darkest in any Primula, with their yellow “ eye,”’ recall

those of the Auricula, once so familiar a feature of

English gardens in spring. Like many other species of

Primula, P. anisodora dies after flowering freely, but

produces an abundant supply of good seeds.

Description.—Herb, producing a scape up to 3 ft. in height, all parts devoid

of mealiness. Leaves oblong-oblanceolate, rounded and apiculate at the tip,

_ gradually narrowed below into a broadly winged petiole, 6-8 in. long, 2-3 in.

wide, chartaceous, the margin closely and sharply repand-denticulate, bright

green and glabrous above, beneath more or less gland-dotted; lateral nerves

about 10 along each side, diverging from the midrib at an angle of 45°, visible

on both surfaces ; midrib rather pale in colour, within the petiole flattened and

streaked with red. Flowers forming a terminal, interrupted umbel ; peduncle

stout; bracts linear, acute, glabrous, up to 2 in. long; pedicels about 3 in. long,

nodding. Calyx campanulate ; tube } in. long, red and green; lobes wide-

ovate, apiculate, ;1, in. long, 7; in. wide. Corolla dark plum-purple outside,

lobes red-purple within, with a yellow eye; tube cylindric below, widened and

slightly campanulate upwards, about 2 in. long; lobes usually 5, somewhat

quadrangular. Anthers oblong, adnate to the middle of the tube. Style as

long as the ovary, tipped by the globose stigma. Capsule almost globose,

slightly exceeding the hardly altered calyx, opening by means of 5 valves and

crowned by the dark-red crenulate style-base.

Tas. 8752.—Fig. 1, calyx; 2, corolla, laid open, showing the staminal

insertion ; 8, pistil :—all enlarged. ae :

8753

. is 4 2. 7

MS del. J.N Fitch hth. Vincent Brooks, Day&Son Lt imp

Ly Reeve & @9 London.

Tas. 8753.

ODONTOCHILUS Lancrouatvs.

Sikkim and Khasia. °

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe NEoTrieAr.

Opontocaiuus, Bl. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 600.

Odontochilus lanceolatus, Benth. ex Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. vi. p. 101, et

in Ann. R. Bot. Gard. Calc. vol. v. p. 59, t. 89; Rolfe in Orch. Rev. 1915,

p- 318 ; inter species hujus generis labello luteo facile distinguendus.

Herba terrestris, 20-380 cm. alta. Caules basi repentes, apice erecti, graciliores.

Folia petiolata, ovata vel ovato-lanceolata, apice subacuta et recurva,

plicata, membranacea, viridia, albo-vittata, 2°5-7 cm. longa, 1-8 em. lata ;

petioli 1-2 cm. longi, basi dilatati, amplexicauli. Scapus erectus, 5-12 cm.

longus ; racemus densior, multiflorus ; rhachis pubescens ; bracteae ovatae

vel ovato-lanceolatae, acuminatae, 0:8-1°5 cm. longae ; pedicelli circiter

1 cm. longi. Flores mediocres, labello luteo excepto virides. Sepalum

posticum ovatum, obtusum, basi gibboso-concavum, 4 mm. longum ; sepala

lateralia late elliptica, subobtusa, concava, basi saccata, 0-8-1 cm. longa.

Petala cum sepalo postico in galeam concavam cohaerentia, late et oblique

ovata, subobtusa, 4 mm. longa, 3°5 mm. lata. Labellwm late unguicu-

latum, circiter 1-3 cm. longum; basi bigibbum; saccus processu oblongo

intra instructus; unguis fimbriato-appendiculatus ; limbus apice patenter

bilobus, lobis oblongis oblique truncatis 0°8 cm. longis. Colwmna lata,

circiter 2°5 cm. longa; latera biauriculata; pollinia 2, anguste obovoidea,

basi in caudiculam elongatam extensa; glandula oblonga; stigmata 2,

lateralia.—Anoectochilus lanceolatus, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. p. 499;

King & Pantl. in Ann. R. Bot. Gard. Calc. vol. iii. p. 295, t. 892. A. luteus,

Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. i. p. 179. A. flavus, Benth. in Journ.

Linn. Soe. vol. xviii. p. 845 (sphalm.).—R. A. Roure.

The interesting terrestrial Orchid here figured is a

native of the Eastern Himalaya and the Khasia Hills,

where it is met with in forest at elevations of 5,000 to

7,000 feet above sea-level. It was originally described

by Lindley, eighty years ago, from herbarium material,

as Anoectochilus lanceolatus, but having been found by

Mr. Bentham to belong rather to Blume’s allied genus

Odontochilus, which differs from Anoectochilus in having a

bilobed globose sac in place of an oblong spur, in the

details of the column and in having leaves that are not

reticulately veined, it was transferred to Odontochilus by

Aprit-J ung, 1918,

Sir Joseph Hooker. In their account of the Orchids of

the Sikkim Himalaya, Sir George King and Mr. Pantling

have advanced reasons of some weight in favour of the

reunion of these two genera and the inclusion with them

of Lindley’s genus Haemaria, but this course, if adopted,

involves so much rearrangement that it appears prefer-

able in this work to follow the generic limitation

accepted by Bentham in the “Genera Plantarum.”

Though so long known from dried specimens, this species

is of very recent introduction to European horticulture.

It flowered in September, 1915, among the terrestrial

orchids in the collection of Mr. H. J. Elwes, at Coles-

borne, Cheltenham, and our figure has been prepared

from a plant in flower sent by him to Kew for identi-

fication and for inclusion in the orchid collection at Kew.

It flowered, Mr. Elwes informs us, in a damp and shady

intermediate house in which it had thriven well. The

flowers are light green with a brown patch at the tip of

the dorsal sepal; the lip, however, is bright yellow and

the anther is pink. The leaves are green with three

bright stripes. The plant figured was received from

Sikkim, where it had been collected by Mr. G. H. Cave,

Lloyd Botanic Garden, Darjeeling. :

Descriprion.—Herb, terrestrial, 8-12 in. high. Stem creeping at the base,

erect above, rather slender, purple. Leaves petioled, ovate or ovate-lanceolate,

tip subacute and recurved, plicate, membranous, green with 3 white longitudinal

stripes, 1-8 in. long, 1-11 in. across ; petiole }~8 in. long, the base dilated,

stem-clasping. Scape erect, 2-5 in. long ; raceme rather dense, many-flowered ;

rachis pubescent; bracts ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, }-? in. long;

pedicels about 4 in. long, Flowers medium-sized, green, with a yellow lip.

Sepals: posterior ovate, obtuse, gibbously concave at the base, 3 in. long;

lateral wide elliptic, somewhat obtuse, concave, saccate at the base, 3-2 in.

long. Petals cohering with the posterior sepal in a concave hood; widely and

obliquely ovate, rather obtuse, 2 in, long, } in. wide. Lip broadly clawed, |

about 4 in. long, 2-gibbous at the base; the sac with an oblong process inside ;

claw fimbriately appendaged ; limb with 2 spreading, oblong, obliquely truncate

terminal lobes } in, long. Colwmn broad, about 1 in. long, its sides 2-auricled ;

pollinia 2, narrow obovoid, produced at the base into a somewhat elongated

caudicle ; gland oblong ; stigmas 2, lateral.

.«_48. 8753.—Fig. 1, flower seen from in front; 2, the same, seen from one

side; 8, a petal; 4, column with base of the lip, showing the short sac;

5, column, showing the pollinia, the two lateral stigmas, and the appendages:

—all enlarged,

Vincent Breoks, Day&SonLt imp é

MS.del.J.N Fitch lith.

ae)

os)

Tas. 8754.

ZANTHOXYLUM PLANISPINUM.

Japan.

RutaceakE. Tribe ZANTHOXYLEAE.

ZANTHOXYLUM, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Plant. vol. i. p. 297.

Zanthoxylum planispinum, Sieb. et Zucc. in Abh. Acad. Miinch. vol. iv.

pars ii. p. 188; Mazim. in Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Pétersb. vol. xxxi. p. 21, et in

Act. Hort. Petrop. vol. xi. p. 95; C. K. Schneider in Handb. d. Laubholak.

vol. ii. p. 120; Bean in Trees & Shrubs, vol. ii. p. 692; species Z, alato,

Roxb., quam maxime affinis sed foliolis simplicibus vel imparipinnatim

1-2-jugis nec 3-6-jugis, spinisque stricte nodalibus facillime distinguenda.

Frutex dumosus, 2-4-metralis; ramuli purpureo-brunnescentes, glabri vel

subglabri, spinis 2 nodalibus validis complanatis anguste triangularibus,

0-6-1°8 cm. longis, basi 0°4-1°2 cm. latis, acumine pungente abeuntibus

armati, lenticellis albidis crebre notati. Folia subpersistentia vel decidua,

alterna, trita aromatica, 1-5-foliolata, 7°5-25 em. longa; rhachis alata,

0°6-0°9 em. lata, saepe pauci-spinosa ; foliola subsessilia anguste elliptica

vel lanceolata, 2°5-12°5 cm. longa, 1°2-3°7 cm. lata, apice acuta, basi

cuneata, margine minute crenata, lobulis singulis glandula rotundata

notatis, supra saturate viridia, subtus pallidiora, costa prope basin pilis

brunneis floccosa. Panicula axillaris, 1°2-2°5 cm. longa, pu a.

Flores polygami, viridescentes, parvuli. Sepala subulata. Petala sepalis

.similia. Ovariwm e carpellis 2 saepissime compositum, glabrum, oblique

ampullaceum ; stylus decurvus. Fructus ruber, 2-valvis, globosus, verru-

cosus, 8 mm. latus, 1-spermus. Semen subglobosum, nitidum, nigrum.—

Z. alatum, var. planispinum, Reha. et Wils. in Plant. Wilson. vol. ii, p. 125.

—W. J. Bray.

The Zanthozylum here figured is a native of Japan,

which is known in collections of hardy shrubs as

Z. planispinum. It is, however, doubtful how far it is

entitled to rank asa species apart. It is one of the series

of forms to be met with in Japan and Corea which

extend thence throughout China to Northern India, and

which are so intimately related that some authors regard.

them as belonging to the Indian Z. alatum, Roxb. But

while from the botanical standpoint it may be possible

or even necessary to adopt this view, it is one that from

the cultural point of view is distinctly inconvenient.

In the Japanese form shown in our plate there never

Aprit—Jung, 1918,

are more than five leaflets to a leaf; in the true

Z. alatum from India there are frequently thirteen

leaflets. In our Japanese plant the spines are restricted

to the nodes; in the North Indian type the spines

often are internodal. The Japanese Z. planispinum is a

fairly hardy garden shrub; at Kew it is impossible to

keep Z. alatum alive out of doors for any length of

time. The material for our figure came from the garden

of Bitton Vicarage, and a melancholy interest attaches to

our subject in its being the last contribution to the

Botanical Magazine by one who was for many years its

unfailing and enthusiastic supporter. Canon Ellacombe

sent the fruits in December, 1914, and the flowers in

June, 1915, only a few months before his death. At

Bitton Z. planispinum forms a bush six feet high and

rather more through. It succeeds there very well in the

good loamy soil, and its fine crop of red fruits make a

very ornamental object in the winter season. Canon

Ellacombe was always greatly interested in the way its

leaves roll their margins under during the winter, as is

also the habit of some Himalayan Rhododendrons at the

same season. This, by minimising the leaf surface

ned Amat to radiation, may be a protection against great

cold.

Descriprion.— Shrub of bushy, spreading habit, 6-12 ft. high; branchlets

purplish-brown, glabrous or nearly so, armed with a pair of spines at each node ;

spines thin, flat, triangular, }-} in. long by 1-2 in. wide at the base, ending in

a hard slender point; lenticels small, whitish. Leaves semi-persistent or

deciduous, alternate, aromatic when crushed, 3-10 in. long, unifoliolate, tri-

foliolate, or pinnate with five leaflets ; rachis winged, 1—3 in. wide, often armed

with one or more slender spines; leaflets subsessile, narrowly elliptic to

lanceolate, 1-5 in. long, 4-1} in. wide, the apex acuminate, the base cuneate,

the margins shallowly crenate with a circular gland on each tooth ; dark green

and glabrous above, pale beneath, with a tuft of brown pubescence on the

midrib near the base. Panicles axillary, 3-1 in. long, minutely pubescent.

Flowers polygamous, greenish, very small. and inconspicuous. Sepals and

petals subulate. ' Ovary glabrous, flask-shaped, oblique; style decurved ;

carpels usually two. Fruit 2-valved, globose, verrucose, } in. wide, red,

containing one shining black seed.

Tas. 8754.—Fig. 1, tip of leaf; 2, female flower; 3, the same, sepals and

petals removed ; 4, fruit; 5, seed:—all enlarged.

Vincent Brooks, Day &Son Litimp

M.S.del JN Fitch ith.

L. Reeve & C9London.

Tas. 8755. H

ERLANGEA AGGREGATA.

Angola.

CompositaE. Tribe VERNONIEAE.

Ertancea, Sch.-Bip.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 225; 8. Moore

in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. vol. xxxv. pp. 307-818 (1902), et in Journ. Bot.

vol, xlvi, pp. 155-159 (1908). .

Erlangea aggregata, Hutchinson; species nova, affinis H. spissae, 8. Moore,

sed foliis latioribus infra puberulis (nec tomentosis) supra minute puberulis

dentibus patentibus, involucri bracteis abrupte acutis, pappo majore differt.

Herba perennis; caulis erectus, laxe foliatus, molliter lanato-tomentosus,

internodiis inferioribus 2 em. superioribus 5-7 cm. longis. Folia petiolata,

ovato-lanceolata, subacuta, basi cuneata, 9-14 cm. longa, 4°5-6°5 cm.

lata, tenuissime chartacea, serrata, supra minute infra distincte puberula ;

nervi laterales sub angulo lato a costa abeuntes, utrinsecus circiter 15,

graciles, infra tomentelli; petioli 1°5-2°5 cm. longi, tomentelli et pilosi.

Inflorescentia trichotome ramosa, capitulis dense aggregatis ; pedunculi

primarii usque ad 8 cm. longi, molliter tomentosi. — Capitula sessilia,

circiter 8-flora. Involucri bracteae virides, marginibus hyalinis, plus

minusve ovatae, acutae, usque adi4 mm. longae. Flores roseo-coerulei ;

corolla circiter 5 mm. longa, lobis linearibus acutis ; antherae exsertae.

Achaenia compressa, glabra; pappi setae paucae, caducae, vix 2 mm.

longae, barbellatae.—J. Hurcurnson.

The genus Erlangea is closely allied to the important

Composite genus Vernonia, Schreb., from which, how-

ever, it is readily distinguished by its reduced achenes

crowned with a pappus composed of very short and

caducous setae, incapable of playing any part in the

distribution of the ripe fruit. The genus, as circum~-

scribed in accordance with this striking feature, includes

some four and thirty species, all but one of which are

natives of Tropical Africa. The remaining species 1s a

native of New Guinea, a circumstance which must, never-

theless, be regarded as of no significance from the phyto-

geographical standpoint, since the feature that admits

the Eastern plant in question within this characteristic-

ally African genus is, in spite of its practical utility, a

somewhat artificial one. From the systematic stand-

point the existence of this New Guinea plant is, however,

Arrit—Jung, 1918.

of importance, as indicating the danger that may attend

reliance upon characters related with function in the

discrimination of forms or groups of plants. The species

now described, EL. aggregata, is a native of Angola, where

it was discovered by Mr. J. Gossweiler, by whom seeds of

the plant were presented to Kew in 1915. It shares

with LE. spissa, 8. Moore, a species from British East

Africa, the character of densely aggregated flower-heads,

which separates the two from all the other known

members of the genus. The West African plant is

readily distinguished from the East African one by the

characters pointed out by Mr. Hutchinson. The

material for our plate has been derived from one of the

plants raised from Mr. Gossweiler’s seed. The species in

cultivation reaches a height of from five to six feet,

branches freely and forms a striking object when

furnished with its numerous terminal showy flower-

heads. As it blossoms in this country in midwinter, |

and is a perennial, it is likely to become a popular green-

house plant. Cuttings are readily struck, and from these

full-sized plants may be grown in a single season.

Description.—Herb, perennial; stem laxly leafy, softly woolly tomentose ;

lower internodes 3 in. long, upper 2-3 in. long. Leaves petioled, ovate-

lanceolate, rather acute, base cuneate, blade 34-5 in. long, 13-2} in. wide,

thinly papery, serrate, finely puberulous above, more distinctly so beneath ;

lateral nerves about 15 on each side, leaving the midrib at a wide angle,

slender, finely hairy beneath; petiole 2-1 in. long, finely puberulous and with

a few longer hairs. Inflorescence trichotomously branched ; the heads densely

clustered ; main peduncles up to 1} in. long, finely softly puberulous. Heads

sessile, about 8-flowered; involucral bracts green with hyaline margins,

somewhat ovate, acute, up to 2 in. long. Flowers blue, flushed with rose ;

corolla about 3 in. long, its lobes linear, acute; anthers exserted. Achenes

‘ compressed, glabrous ; pappus-setae few, caducous, barely } in. long, barbellate.

TaB. 8755.—Fig. 1, portion of an inflorescence; 2, flower-bud; 3, a pappus-

seta; 4, stamens; 5, style-arms :—all enlarged.

8756

+ ae atcamnp.

MS. del. LN'Fitch ith. Vincent Brooks, Day SonLt mp

L.Reeve & C9London,

TaB. 8756.

MONADENIUM ERvUBESCENS.

East Africa.

EUPHORBIACEAE. Tribe EHUPHORBIEAE.

MonapEnium, Pax in Engl. Jahrb. vol. xix. p. 126 et in Engl. ¢ Prantl, Nat.

Pflanzenfam. vol. iii. pars 5, p. 457; N. E. Brown in Dyer, Fl. Trop.

Afr. vol. vi. sect. 1, p. 450.

Monadenium (§ Lortia) erubescens, N. E. Brown in Dyer, Fl. Trop. Afr.

vol. vi. sect. 1, p. 457, pro parte; species M. majori, N. E. Br., affinis sed

tubere globoso, caule prostrato, cyathiis solitariis pedunculis simplicibus

singulis in foliorium summorum axillis suffultis, involucro exteriore albido

nec viridi-rubro et pubescentia omnium fere partium distinctum.

Herba perennis, tubere globoso 20-35 cm. diametro. Caules 1-2 e tubere

orti, prostrati, succulenti, simplices vel inferne ramosi ad 5 mm. crassi, ad

15 em. longi, minute puberuli. Folia petiolata, in planta culta variabilia,

inter orbiculari-ellipticum et late ovato-lanceolatum fluctuantia, in planta

spontanea plerumque late obovato-cuneata, apice breviter acuta vel

cuspidato-acuminata, in planta culta 3-6 cm. longa, 2-3 cm. lata, in planta

spontanea minora, 2-3°5cm. longa, 1°8-2 cm. lata, margine crispo-undulata,

carnosula, supra viridia, infra rubescentia et viridi-venosa, minute et laxe

puberula ; petiolus brevis vel ad 1 cm. elongatus, dense puberulus. Injlores-

centia axillaris, ad cyathium solitarium involucrato-bracteatum in pedun-

culo sub anthesi 1 cm. vix excedente maturitate elongato nutans redacta ;

bracteae ad medium in cupulam late apertam campanuliformem 1°8 cm.

diametro et paulo ultra 1 cm. altam connatae, minute apiculatae, carnosulae,

albae pulchre viridi-venosae et fundum versus roseo-tinctae. Cyathiwm

subsessile, globoso-tubulosum, puberulum, pallide viride, 6 mm. diametro,

uno latere ad medium apertum, lobis albis fimbriatis 5 glandula annulari

flavida crassa integra circumdatis et superatis. Flores ¢ nudi, bracteolis

fimbriatis intermixti. Flos 2 e cyathii fissura exsertus, nutans; perlan-

thium ad cupulam perbrevem margine subundulatam vel lobulatam ovaril

basin cingentem redactum; ovarium obtuse trigonum angulis haud alte

bialatis, alis undulatis. Capsula matura ignota.—Lortva erubescens,

Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1898, p. 80.—O. Starr.

The genus Monadenium was established by Pax in 1914

on a species from East Africa with the floral structure

characteristic of the genus Luphorbia, Linn., but easily

distinguished from Euphorbia owing to the great develop-

ment of the glandular apparatus of the cyathium. — In

this respect Monadenium, Pax, agrees with Synadenium,

established by Boissier in 1862 on a Natal species, though

in that genus the glandular ring is closed and not open

Aprit-JunE, 1918.

on one side as in Monadenium. 'Two more species were

added to Monadenium by Dr. Stapf in 1900, and since

then the number of known Monadenia has increased to

a score. Most of them appear to be extremely local ;

the area occupied by the genus extends from Abyssinia

and Somaliland to Nyasaland, Ngamiland and Angola.

Within the genus Monadenium, however, the species

arrange themselves in two natural groups. In the first

group, to which the original WM. coccineum, Pax, belongs,

the bract-involucres are distinctly dorsi-ventral, the two

bracts being asymmetric, and so joined on one side as

to form a single 2-keeled and usually 2-dentate or

2-cuspidate involucre. In the second group, to which

the subject of our figure belongs, the bract-involucres are

fairly regularly cupular or bell-shaped, the two bracts

being nearly symmetric and usually equally united at

the base or up to the middle. With these characters are

associated in our plant that of having simple axillary

inflorescences in place of branched inflorescences as in

M. coceineum, and that of the presence of a perianth in

the female flower whereas in JM. coccineum no perianth

was noticed by Pax. On this account the plant now

described was made the basis of a distinct genus

Lortia by Rendle in 1898, and the validity of this

genus has since been accepted by Pax. An examination

of the original type of Monadenium shows, however,

that there the female flower has a perianth very

like that of Zortia, and since the degree of branching

in the types of the two genera merely represents

extreme manifestations in opposite directions of one

character, it has been found by Brown to be desirable to

include Lortia in the older genus Monadenium. The

difference in the involucre of the two types is, however,

so marked that it is at least necessary to recognise in

Lortia a distinct section, and it may with fuller knowledge

be advisable to restore it to the rank of a genus. The

type of this section, Jf. (Lortia) erubescens, was discovered

by Mrs. Lort Phillips on the Wagga Mountains in

Somaliland in 1897, and was met with again on the

Colis Range in Somaliland, at nearly 6,000 feet elevation,

by Dr. Drake-Brockman in 1914. Other specimens

obtained by the same collector from the Arussi and

Boran countries in Abyssinia, attributed by Brown to

M. erubescens, we believe to represent a distinct species.

The material for our illustration has been provided from

a living plant from Somaliland, presented to Kew by

Dr. Drake-Brockman which has grown well and proved

quite healthy in a warm succulent house under the

treatment suitable for species of Stapelia. During the

first two winters the stems formed in the preceding

summers died down. It flowered in July, 1916, when the

drawing was made, but has not done so again, though

since then the stems formed have persisted, and the plant

now possesses several of these, the longest of which is

three feet long with a few leaves near the top. Young

plants have been raised from cuttings, which root readily

in spring.

Description.—Herb, with a perennial globose tuber 8-14 in. in diameter.

Stems, 1-2 from each tuber, prostrate, succulent, simple or branching at the

base, in the wild plant up to 6 in. long, in cultivated specimens sometimes

up to 3 ft. long, about 2 in. thick, finely puberulous. Leaves petioled, in

cultivated plants varying in shape from orbicular-elliptic to wide ovate-

lanceolate, in wild plants usually wide ovate-cuneate, apex shortly acute or

cuspidate acuminate, 1-2} in. long and 3-1} in. wide in cultivated specimens,

only 3-1} in. long and 2-3 in. wide in wild ones, margin crispately wavy,

rather fleshy, green above, reddish with green veins beneath, finely and loosely

‘puberulous; petiole from very short to } in. long, densely puberulous.

Inflorescence axillary, reduced to a solitary drooping cyathium surrounded by

involucral bracts on a peduncle about } in. long at time of flowering, but

elongated in fruit; bracts united to the middle in a wide bell-shaped cup in.

across, nearly } in. deep, minutely apiculate, rather fleshy, white, finely veined

with green and tinged towards the base with a rosy flush. Cyathiwm nearly

sessile, globose-tubular, puberulous, pale green, } in. across, cleft on one side

tothe middle, lobes 5, white, fimbriate, surrounded and overtopped by an entire

thick yellow annular gland. Male flowers naked, mixed with fimbriate

bracteoles, Female flower drooping, exserted from the cleft of the cyathium ;

perianth reduced to a very short somewhat undulate or lobulate cup surround-

ing the base of the ovary which is bluntly 3-gonous, the angles with narrow

undulate wings. Ripe frwit unknown.

Tas. $756.—Fig. 1, inflorescence ; 2, involucre ; 3, fimbriate lobe of cyathium ;

4, male flower; 5, female flower; 6, sketch of an entire plant :—all enlarged

except 6, which is much reduced.

‘ diy

M.S del JN Fitch kth. Vincent Brooks. Day & SonLtmp

L-Reeve &C°London.

Tas. 8757.

MALUS Sarcentu.

Japan.

RosacEAE. Tribe PoMEAE.

Matus, Mill.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 626 (Pyrus).

Malus Sargentii, Rehd. in Sargent, Trees & Shrubs, vol. i. p. 71, t. 36;

C. K. Schneider in Handb, d. Laubholz. vol. i. p. 722, ff. 399, 400; species

M. Toringo, Sieb., et M. Zuwmi, Rehd., valde affinis; ab illa floribus

majoribus petalis imbricantibus fructu majore, ab hac calycis tubo glabro

petalis orbicularibus et foliis interdum lobulatis apte distinguenda.

Frutex 2-metralis; ramuli pubescentes, intense purpureo-brunnei, nonnunquam

spinescentes. Folia decidua, ovata vel ovato-oblonga, saepissime 8-lobu-

lata, argute inaequaliter serrata,apice acuta, basi nunc in novellis sterilibus

subcordata, nunc in ramulis floriferis truncata vel cuneata, 3°7-7°5 cm.

longa, 2-5 cm. lata, primum pilis albidis dense vestita, demum supra

saturate viridia nervis primariis pubescentibus exceptis glabra, subtus

pallidiora et parce villosa ; petioli 1-2-2°5 em. longi, graciles, pubescentes ;

stipulae foliaceae, lanceolatae vel lineares, 75 lobulatae, 6-8 mm. longae.

Flores albi, secus ramulos abbreviatos fasciculati, singuli 2°5 cm. diametro,

aestate ineunte aperti; pedicelli graciles, glabri,2°5cm. longi. Calyz 5-lobus,

extra glaber, intus villosa ; lobi lanceolati, 5 mm. longi. Petala 5, distincte

imbricata, ex ungue abbreviato orbicularia. Stamina 15-20, petalis

breviora; filamenta glabra, antherae luteae. Ovarium 8-5-loculare ;

styli 8-5, basin versus villosi. Fructus depresso-globosus, laete ruber,

0°8-1'2 cm. latus, apice calycis delapsi cicatrice notatus. Semina brunnea,

4 mm. longa.—Pyrus Sargentii, Bean in Trees & Shrubs, vol. ii. p. 293.

—wW. J. Bran.

Malus Sargentii was discovered by Prof. C. 8. Sargent

in Japan in 1892 near a brackish marsh at Mororan,

Hokkaido. It is a close ally of MJ. Toringo, Sieb.,

differing from that species in its larger flowers, over-

lapping petals, and larger fruit; from another related

species, M. Zumi, Rehd., it is distinguished by its glabrous

calyx-tube, orbicular petals and often lobed leaves. The

material for figuring was gathered from a plant purchased

from Messrs. Veitch in 1909, but a plant had previously

been presented to Kew from the Arnold Arboretum in

1904. As a garden shrub, or perhaps a smiall tree,

M. Sargentii is very attractive both in flower and when

Aprit—Jung, 1918.

laden with its rich red fruits. In both respects we find

it more ornamental than MV. Toringo, and it is as hardy

as any of its allies.

DeEscription.—Shrub 5-6 ft. high; branchlets pubescent, dark purplish-

brown, sometimes spinescent. Leaves deciduous, ovate to ovate-oblong,

_ frequently 3-lobed, unevenly and sharply serrate, acute at the apex, the base

varying from subcordate in the large leaves of the barren shoots to truncate or

cuneate in the smaller ones; 14-3 in. long, 3-2 in. wide; at first densely clothed

with whitish hairs, finally dark green and pubescent on the chief veins above,

pale and slightly villous beneath; petioles 3-1 in. long, slender, pubescent ;

stipules foliaceous, lanceolate to linear, often lobed, ¢-} in. long. Flowers

white, 1 in. wide, opening in May, in fascicles on short branchlets; pedicels

1 in. long, slender, glabrous. Calyx 5-lobed, glabrous outside, villous within,

the lobes lanceolate, ;* in. long. Petals orbicular with a short claw, over-

lapping. Stamens 15-20, shorter than the petals, filaments glabrous, anthers

yellow. Ovary 3-5-celled ; styles 3-5, villous towards the base. Fruit

depressed globose, red, 3-1 in. wide, marked at the top with a circular scar

where the calyx has fallen away. Seeds brown, } in. long,

Tas. 8757.—Fig. 1, part of a very young leaf; 2, flower with petals removed ;

8, section of calyx and ovary; 4 and 5, anthers ; 6, fruit :—all enlarged.

Linen el

————

Vincent Brooks,Day&S on Lit imp.

V.Fiteh ith

Ael. J

MS.d

L Reeve &C°London.

Tas. 8758.

ANGRAECUM GRACILIPES.

Madagascar.

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe VANDEAE.

AncraEcum, Thouars; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 583.

Angraecum gracilipes, Rolfe; species nova ab A. recwrvo, Thouars, foliis

amplioribus et pedicellis longissimis differt.

Herba epiphytica, caulibus brevibus. Folia disticha, suberecta vel arcuata,

lorata, breviter biloba, 8-18 cm. longa, 2-5 em. lata, coriacea, basi con-

duplicata. Pedicelli axillares, graciles, suberecti vel arcuati, 15-18 cm.

longi, vaginis paucis spathaceis obtecti, uniflori. Flores mediocres, albi.

Sepala et petala patentia, lanceolata, obtusa, 2°5-3 cm. longa. Labellum

subpandurato-ovatum, obtusum, 2°5-3 em. longum, basi subconduplicatum ;

ealcar gracile, 5-7 em. longum, basi curvatum et incrassatum. Colwmna

lata, 0°5 cm. longa, utrinque late auriculata, auriculis truncatis et integris.

Pollinia 2, orbicularia et subcompressa; stipites brevissimi; glandula

oblonga.— Angraecum recurvum, Hort. Gard. Chron. 1913, vol. liv. pp. 367,

374, fig. 182; Orch. Rev. 1913, fig. 65; non Thouars.—R. A, Roure.

The Madagascar Anyraecum now described was intro-

duced from that island some years ago by Messrs.

Charlesworth and Company, Hayward’s Heath. The

individual flowers in this species bear so close a resem-.

blance to those of A. recurvum, Thouars, also a native of

Madagascar, that when in November, 1913, an example

flowered in the establishment of Messrs. Charlesworth,

it was exhibited in public and was accorded an award

of merit under the name A. recurvum, which was

also employed in connection with figures of the plant,

reproduced from a photograph, published in the same

year. An example purchased from Messrs. Charlesworth

for the Kew collection of orchids flowered there in

November, 1916, and enabled the figure here given to

be prepared. The study of this plant has made it clear

that it belongs to a species, which may be termed

A. gracilipes, very distinct from the true A. recwrvum in

its greatly elongated pedicels and its much larger leaves.

Aprit-Joune, 1918.

It is a member of a distinct group of species, one of

which is A. fragrans, Thouars, figured at t. 7161 of this

work, whose sweet-scented leaves, known as “ Fahame,”

have been used after the manner of tea leaves in Bourbon

and Mauritius. A. gracilipes thrives well in the same

house and with the same treatment as that required for

the well-known A. eburneum, Bory, figured at t. 4761

and A. sesqguipedale, Thouars, figured at t. 5113 of this

work. It is remarkable in the genus for the unusual

length of its pedicels which appear in the lower leaf-axils

of ashort stout stem, and when, as sometimes happens,

over a dozen flowers are simultaneously produced, the

plant forms a very graceful object.

Descriprion.— Herb, epiphytic; stems short. Leaves distichous, nearly

erect or slightly recurved, lorate, shortly 2-lobed, 33-74 in. long, 3-2 in. wide,

coriaceous, conduplicate at the base. Pedicels axillary, slender, suberect or

slightly recurved, 6-73 in. long, 1-flowered, bearing a few spathaceous sheathing

bracts. Flowers showy, white. Sepals and petals spreading, lanceolate,

obtuse, 1-1} in. long. Lip subpandurate-ovate, obtuse, 1-1} in. long, some-

what conduplicate at the base; spur slender, 23-2? in. long, curved and

thickened at the base. Colwmn wide, 3.in. long, widely auricled on each side,

the auricles truncate'and entire. Pollinia 2, orbicular and slightly compressed ;

stalks very short ; gland oblong.

Tas. 8758.—Fig. 1 and 2, column, showing the auriculate wings; 3, sketch

of the entire plant :—all enlarged except 8, which is much reduced.

Vincent Brooks Day &Son Ltt

MS del. JNFitch lth.

L.Reeve &C°London.

Taz. 8759.

RHODODENDRON sIDEROPHYLLUM.

Yunnan.

Ericaceak. Tribe RHoDOREAE.

Ruopopenpron, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 599.

Rhododendron siderophyllum, ranch. in Journ. de Bot. vol.'xii. p. 262 (1898) ;

Hemsl., et E. H: Wils. in Kew Bull. 1910, p. 115; Millais, Rhod. p. 242;

species R. Davidsoniano, Rehd. et Wils., affinis sed foliis supra glandulis

nigris conspicue ornatis infra densissime ferrugineo-glandulosis differt.

Frutex laxe ramosus; ramuli parce foliati, superne glandulis resinosis

sessilibus instructi. Folia lanceolata vel oblongo-lanceolata, apice sensim

acuta, basi angustata, 83-6 cm. longa, 1-2 cm. lata, tenuiter chartacea,

minute crenulata, supra glandulis nigris laxe infra glandulis ferrugineis

dense obtecta, glandulis infra fere contiguis; nervi laterales vix perspicui ;

petiolus circiter 8 mm. longus, glandulosus. Gemmae floriferae in axillis

foliorum superiorum solitariae, circiter 3-florae ; perulae dorso dense glandu-

liferae, ciliatae; pedicelli squamis cinereis sessilibus dense obtecti, 1-5-2cm.

longi, graciles. Calyx obsoletus, margine undulatus, extra densissime

glandulosus. Corolla rosea, indistincte bilabiata, dorso in tubo rubro-

maculata ; tubus apertus, 1 em. longus, extra eglandulosus ; lobi 5, patuli,

oblongo-ovati, extra parce glandulosi. Stamina 10, declinata, longe

exserta ; filamenta inferne parce pilosa; antherae pallide flavae, 2°5 mm.

longae. Ovariwm 5-loculare, glandulis sessilibus obtectum; stylus

staminibus paullo longior, roseus, glaber, stigmate viscido coronatus.

Fructus haud visus.—J. Hurcarson.

The Riododendron here figured is a native of Yunnan,

where it was originally met with by the Abbé Delavay

and where it has since been collected by Messrs. Ducloux,

Soulié, Wilson and Forrest. The last mentioned traveller

records it as occurring on dry wooded hills to the north

of the Tsu-hsiong-fu valley at elevations of from 6,000-

7,000 feet. It was first described by the late Mr.

Franchet as /. siderophyllum. Its nearest ally in the

genus is A. Davidsonianum, Rehd.'& Wils., figured at

t. 8605 of this work, and it shares with that species and

a few others belonging to the group with glandular

leaves the peculiarity of producing its flowers from

several axillary buds, instead, as is more usual, of doing so

only from a terminal one. From R. Davidsomanum our

Aprit—Juneg, 1918,

plant differs in its much more densely glandular leaves, the

under surface of which has in consequence a decidedly

rusty and rather dirty look, while the upper surface is

usually conspicuously marked with black glands of con-

siderable size. In cultivation at Kew R. siderophyllum

grows very well, and although rather thinly furnished

with leaves, it flowers very freely and is quite hardy.

The plant from which the material for our illustration

has been derived was raised from seeds collected by

Mr. E. H. Wilson and received at Kew in the spring of

1909. Certain plants grown by Messrs. Veitch in their

Coombe Wood nursery under the name PR. siderophyllum

belonged, so Messrs. Rehder and Wilson now find, to the

species they have named &. Davidsonianum. There is,

consequently, some confusion in gardens between these

two species which it is hoped that a study of the present

plate and of the plate referred to above may help to

clear away. 2

Descriprion.—Shrub of open habit; twigs rather sparingly leafy, beset

upwards with sessile resinous glands. Leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate,

gradually narrowed to the tip, narrowed to the base, 13-2} in. long, 2-8 in.

wide, thinly chartaceous, minutely crenulate, sparingly dotted with black glands

above, beneath closely clothed with numerous almost contiguous rusty glands ;

lateral nerves indistinct; petiole about % in. long, glandular. Flower-buds

solitary in the axils of the uppermost leaves, about 3-flowered; bud-scales

densely glandular on the. back, ciliate; pedicels closely beset with grey sessile

scales, a in. long, slender, Calyx nearly obsolete, itis margin undulate, very

densely glandular outside. Corolla rose-coloured, slightly 2-lipped, with red

blotches in the tube behind; tube gaping, 2 in. long, eglandular outside ;

lobes 5, spreading, oblong-ovate, sparingly glandular outside. Stamens 10,

declinate, far exserted ; filaments sparingly hairy below; anthers pale yellow,

zo in. long. Ovary 5-celled, clothed with. sessile scales; style rather longer

_ the stamens, rose-coloured, glabrous, crowned by the viscid stigma. Fruit

not seen.

Tas. 8759.—Fig. 1, apex of leaf; 2, calyx and pistil; 3, scales; 4 and

5, stamens ; 6, transverse section of the ovary :—all enlarged.

8760

Vincent Brooks,D ay& SonLttimp.

MS.del JN Fitch lith

L.Reeve &C9London.

Tas. 8760.

HOWEA BELMOREANA.

Lord Howe Island.

Patmak. Tribe ARECEAR.

Howra, Bece.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 904; Baill. Hist.

Plant. vol. xiii. p. 855.

Howea Belmoreana, Becc. Malesia, vol. i. p- 66; Bull. Soc. Tose. Ort. 1889,

p. 257; Gard. Chron. 1890, vol. viii. p. 75; Hemsl. in Ann. Bot. vol. x.

p. 255; Maiden in Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. vol. xxiii. p. 148; Bece. in

Martelli, Webbia, vol. iv. p. 158, fig, 1-9 and p. 165; species H. Forsterianae,

Becc., valde affinis, foliolis sursum convergentibus spicisque solitariis differt.

Arbor ; caulis gracilis, annulatus, basi incrassatus, ad 10 m. altus. Folia ad

caulis apicem approximata, subtus ad costam brunneo-paleacea, 2-2°5 m.

longa; petiolus 1 m. longus, laevis, subtus convexus, supra late canali-

culatus; vagina breviter deltoidea, 7 cm. lata; foliola circiter 70, sursum >

convergentia, lineari-lanceolata, acuta, 7 dm. longa, 2 cm. lata. Spicae ad

axillas foliorum imorum productae, indivisae ; spatha primum cylindrica,

subacuta, spadice aequilonga, explanata 4-5 cm. lata, dorso prope apicem

2-carinata; spadix nutans, monoica, 9 dm. longa, 1°2 cm. diametro,

furfuracea; flores numerosi, congesti, in alveolis ternatim dispositi,

2 laterales ¢, centralis 9. Flos ¢ multo ante 9 evolutus; sepala late

cordata, 5 mm. longa, 3 mm. lata, late imbricata, conduplicata, crassa,

dense breviterque ciliata, obtuse carinata; petala oblonga, acuta, 7 mm.

longa, 4 mm. lata, valvata, cartilaginea; stamina 50-70, congesta ;

antherae oblongae, acutae, 4 mm. longae, filamentis brevissimis ; rudi-

mentum ovarii 0. Flos 9; sepala suborbicularia, concava, 5 mm. longa,

7 mm. lata, coriacea, marginibus dense rufo-ciliata; petala brunneo-

ciliata, parte superiore valvata, crassa, 5 mm. longa, 3 mm. lata, viridia,

parte inferiore imbricata, tenuiora, alis brunneis vel rubescentibus 2 mm.

latis instructa; staminodia 0; ovarium ovoideum, symmetricum, apice

purpureum, 4 mm. longum, 2°5 mm. diametro, 1-loculare; ovulum 1,

erectum; stigmata 3, lata, auriculata. Drwpa subsuccosa, 3 cm. longa,

sordide fulva; mesocarpium fibrosum; endocarpium pallide fuscum,

opacum, ramis rhapheos notatum. Semen 2 cm. longum; endospermum

aequabile, solidum, corneum ; embryo basilaris, conico-ellipticus, 2 mm.

longus.—Kentia Belmoreana, C. Moore et F. Muell. in F. Muell. Fragm.

Phyt. Austr. vol. iii. p. 99, et vol. viii. p. 234; Benth. Flor. Austr. vol. vii.

p. 137; Illustr. Hortic. 1874, vol. xxi. p. 186, t. 191 (Balmoreana) ; Le

Jardin, 1889, p. 93; Rev. Hort. 1896, p. 77, figs. 25-27; Maiden in Proc.

Linn. Soc. N.S.W. vol. xxiii. 188. Grisebachia Belmoreana, H. Wendl. et

Drude in Linnaea, xxxix. pp. 177, 188, 200, t. 4, fig. 1-2.—C. H. Wricur.

This is one of two closely allied species which have

been separated from the genus Kentia, Bl., on account of

Aprit—Jung, 1918.

having numerous stamens (Kenfia having only 6), and

because of the absence of staminodes from the female

flowers. H. Belmoreana, like its ally, H. Worsteriana, is

confined to Lord Howe Island, where it was reported by

Messrs. C. Moore and Carron, its discoverers, as common

at altitudes below 1,000 feet. Its specific name is in

honour of the Right Hon. the Earl of Belmore, who was

Governor of New South Wales in 1868. The flowers of

H. Belmoreana, as stated by F. Mueller (Fragm. viii. 234),

are extremely difficult to distinguish from those of

H. Forsteriana, which has been figured at t. 7018 of this

work under Kentia, and has there been referred to the

species elmoreana. The pinnae of the true HH. Bel-

moreana, however, converge upwards, while those of

H. Forsteriana are drooping and proportionately broader,

thus giving the two species a very different appearance.

In addition to this //. Belmoreana does not attain so

large a size before it flowers as //. Forsteriana does. Ina

letter addressed to Kew in 1892 Mr. Charles Moore called

attention to the difference in the fruiting spikes of the

palms, those of //. Belmoreana being twice as long as

those of H. Forstvriana, solitary to their respective sheaths

and in appearance unisexual, whereas in //. Forsteriana

the spikes are several united at the base within a common

sheath, each spike being manifestly 2-sexual. The

apparently unisexual nature of the spike in H. Belmoreana

is, however, deceptive and is due to the length of time

which elapses between the maturing of the male and the

female flowers respectively. In each trio of flowers

along the spike the two male flowers first appear in

close contact, the female flower which is situated between

each pair of males being then but slightly developed and

deeply seated in the pit of the spadix. The male flowers

readily disarticulate and give place to the slowly

developing female one. ‘The introduction of H. Bel-

moreana to cultivation in this country took place in 1872,

and it has since been as extensively cultivated as an orna-

mental plant as its ally H. Forsteriana. The plant from

which our figure has been prepared was purchased when

small from Messrs. F. Sander and Sons, St. Albans, and

has grown along with H. Forsteriana, in the Mexican

House at Kew. Both palms require an intermediate

temperature ; their suitability for use as decorative

plants is due to the fact that they bear rough usage better

than most palms. They are both raised from seed

imported from Lord Howe Island.

Description.—Tree, reaching a height of 35 ft. ; stem slender, marked with

annular scars, thickened at the base. Leaves clustered at the top of the stem,

brown-paleate along the midrib beneath, 7-8 ft. long; petiole 34 ft. long,

smooth, convex beneath, widely channelled above; leaf-sheath shortly deltoid,

nearly 3 in. wide; pinnules about 70, converging upwards, linear-lanceolate,

acute, 23 ft. long, 3 in. wide. Spikes produced in the axils of the lowermost

leaves, simple; spathe at first cylindric, subacute, about as long as the spadix,

when flattened out 13-2 in. wide, 2-keeled on the back near the tip; spadix

drooping, monoecious, 8 ft. long, } in. thick, scurfy; flowers congested,

numerous, arranged in groups of threes in special pits, the two lateral of each

group male, the central female. Male flowers reaching maturity long before the

female; their sepals wide cordate, } in. long, } in. wide, much imbricate, con-

duplicate, thick, densely and shortly ciliate, bluntly keeled; petals oblong,

acute, nearly 3 in. long, } in. wide, valvate, cartilaginous; stamens 50-70,

closely clustered, with oblong, acute anthers, } in. long, and very short

filaments; rudimentary ovary 0. Female flower: sepals nearly orbicular,

concave, } in. long, over } in, wide, coriaceous, their margin densely ciliate

with reddish hairs ; petals ciliate with brown hairs, their upper portion valvate,

thick, 3 in. long, } in. wide, green, their lower portion imbricate, thinner, with

lateral brown or reddish wings ;}; in. wide; staminodes 0; ovary ovoid, sym-

metrical, purple-tipped, 3 in. long, j5 in. across, 1-locular; ovule solitary,

erect; stigmas 3, broad, auricled. Drupe rather fleshy, 1} in. long, dirty

yellow ; mesocarp fibrous ; endocarp pale tawny, dull, impressed by the branches

of the rhaphe. Seed % in. long; endosperm uniform, solid, horny ; embryo

basilar, conical-elliptic, }; in. long.

Tas. 8760.—Fig. A, a spike, showing only male flowers, as seen early in

March, 1917; B, the same spike, showing only female flowers, as seen seven

weeks later; 1, portion of a leaflet, showing the paleae on the midrib beneath ;

2, portion of an inflorescence with three floral cavities, in two of which the

pairs of male flowers are shown; from the third the male flowers have been

removed and the very young female flower is seen; 3, a male flower, in vertical

section; 4, stamen; 5, a female flower; 6, the same, in section, showing the

ovary; 7, ovary, in vertical section; 8, sketch of the entire plant :—all enlarged

except 8, which is much reduced.

876]

Lemp.

M.S. del. INF itch hth on Lv imp

L.Reeve &C° London.

Tas. 8761.

BULBOPHYLLUM soctrAte.

Sumatra.

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe EPIDENDREAE.

Bu.sopuyiium, Thouars ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 501.

Bulbophyllum sociale, Rolfe; species nova, E. galbino, Ridl., affinis, racemis

4-5-floris et florum segmentis convergentibus nec patentibus differt.

Herba epiphytica. Rhizoma repens, validum, vaginis membranaceis ovatis

subacutis striatis imbricatis vestitum; pseudobulbi distantes, ellipsoideo-

oblongi, compressi, 6-7 cm. longi, 2°5-8 cm. lati, basi vaginis ovatis

acutis obtecti, monophylli. Folia petiolata, elliptica vel elliptico-oblongs,

apice subacuta et recurva, subcoriacea, 12-19 cm. longa, 5-7 cm, lata ;

petioli 2-2°5 em. longi. Scapi erecti, 10-11 cm. longi, basi vaginis ovatis

acutis obtecti: racemi circiter 5-flori; bracteae elliptico -]lanceolatae,

acutae, concavae, 1°5-2 em. longae; pedicelli 2-8 cm. longi. Flores

speciosi. Sepalum posticum erectum, elliptico-lanceolatum, acuminatum,

3-8°5 em. longum, concavum; sepala lateralia subconniventia, basi

elliptico-ovata, apice attenuata et acuta, 3-3°5 cm. longa. Petala sub-

conniventia, triangulari-ovata, acuta, subfalcata, 1°3-1°5 cm. longa.

Labellum longe unguiculatum ; unguis incurvus, oblongus, basi subdila-

tatus, 0°6-0°7 em. longus; limbus recurvus, cordato-ovatus, subobtusus,

carnosus, circiter 1°5 cm. longus. Colwmna lata, 4 mm. longa, dentibus

late tringularibus subacutis.—R. A. Rotrr. ~

The history of this Orchid is somewhat singular. In 1908

a large clump of Bulbophyllum Ericssonii, Kranzl., from the

collection of the Hon. Walter Rothschild was purchased

for the Kew collection. Since then it has produced

flowers on various occasions; these have agreed with

the description of B. Evicssonii by Dr. Kranzlin in the

Gardeners’ Chronicle in 1893, and with the figure of

that species at t. 8088 of the present work from a plant

belonging to the collection of the late Sir Trevor

Lawrence. In July, 1916, however, the clump produced

a different inflorescence, which showed that it includes

a second species, so similar in habit to B. Eriessoni

that its presence had remained unsuspected. The figure

now published was prepared from the inflorescence in

question, and its comparison with our t. 8088 will show

Aprit-JuneE, 1918.

how close is the general resemblance of the two species.

Information kindly supplied by Messrs. Sander and Son,

St. Albans, indicates that all the plants of B. Eriessonii

now in cultivation belong to the original importation by

that firm in 1893, and suggests that B. L7ricssonii has

only been collected once. The history of B. sociale, now

figured, may therefore be regarded as identical with that

of B. Eriessonii which was forwarded to Messrs. Sander

from Bencoolen, on the western coast of Sumatra Its

locality should therefore be somewhere in the district in

which fafflesia Arnoldi was discovered. The collection

made in this district by Sir Stamford Raffles and his

friends Messrs. Arnold and Jack was lost in 1824 owing to

a fire at sea. No serious attempt has ever been made to

replace it, and very little is known of the flora of the dis-

trict in which B. Ericssonii and its companion, B. sociale,

appear to have been obtained. The species with which

B. sociale appears to be most comparable is B. galbinum,

Ridl., a native of the Malay Peninsula, which, however,

has spreading, not converging, perianth-segments. At

Kew &. sociale is grown in a tropical house, and does well

under the cultural treatment suitable for B. virescens,

J. J.Sm., and other Malayan species.

Descrirtion.—Herb, epiphytic; rootstock stout, creeping, clothed with

ovate, subacute, striate, imbricating membranous sheaths ; pseudobulbs distant,

ellipsoid-oblong, compressed, 2}-2? in. long, 1-1} in. wide, beset at the base

with ovate acute sheaths, Leaf solitary to each pseudobulb, petioled, elliptic

or elliptic-oblong, apex subacute and recurved, rather firm, 5}-7 in. long,

2-23 in. wide; petiole 3-1 in. long. Scape erect, 4-4} in. long, with ovate

acute basal sheaths; raceme about 5-flowered; bracts elliptic-lanceolate, acute,

concave, §-$ in. long; pedicels 3-1} in. long. Flowers showy. Sepals:

posterior erect, elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, 13-14 in. long, concave; lateral

somewhat connivent, with elliptic ovate base and narrowed acute apex, 1}-1}

in. long. Petals somewhat connivent, triangular-ovate, acute, slightly falcate,

3-} in. long. Lip long-clawed; claw incurved, oblong, somewhat dilated at

the base, about } in. long; limb recurved, cordate-ovate, rather blunt, fleshy,

about 3 in. long. Colwmn wide, i in. long, with a broadly triangular acute

tocth near the apex on each side.

Tas. 8761.—Fig. 1, a flower with the sepals removed ; 2, column; 3, anther-

cap; 4, pollinia :—all enlarged.

8762

Vincent Btooks,.Day &Son Litimp

L.Reeve &C°London.

O2e pork a sar igo Le

ie Oa ds

Tas, 8762.

PRIMULA sytvico.a.

Yunnan,

PRIMULACEAE. Tribe PRIMULEAE.

Primuta, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 631,

Primula sylvicola, Hort. ex Hutchinson; species P. sino-molli, Balf. f. et

Forr., affinis sed petiolis pilosis (nec villosis) lamina folioram oblongo-

elliptica crenato-lobata, corollae tubo e calycis tubo vix exserto differt.

Herba rhizomate carnoso. Folia patentia vel dependentia, longa petiolata,

oblongo-elliptica, apice rotundata, basi cordata, 9-14 cm. longa, 6-8 cm.

lata, grosse crenata, crenis minute crenulatis, tenuiter chartacea, supra

atro-viridia, minute setulosa, infra flavido-viridia et plerumque in nervis et

venis crispato-puberula; nervi laterales utrinsecus circiter 8, basales

leviter recurvati, a costa sub angulo 45° abeuntes, infra prominentes, venis

laxe reticulatis; petioli usque ad 15 cm. longi, rubro-purpurei, crispato-

pilosi. Flores in verticillorum racemos dispositi; pedunculus communis

rubescens, pilosus ; verticillastra circiter 6-flora ; pedicelli usque ad 3 cm.

longi, pilosi; bracteae subulato-lanceolatae, 7-8 mm, longae. Calyx

turbinato-campanulatus, extra pilosus; tubus 8 mm. longus; lobi lanceo-

lati, acuti, 3 mm. longi. Corolla rotata, roseo-purpurea; tubus late

cylindricus, 5 mm. longus, glaber; lobi 5, patentes vel leviter recurvati,

late orbiculari-obovati, apice late emarginati, circiter 5 mm. longi et lati.

Antherae ad tubi medium insertae, oblongo-ovoideae, 1°25 mm. longae.

Stylus 6 mm. longus, gracilis ; stigma depresso-capitatum.—J. Hurcuinson.

The handsome Primula here described is very closely

allied to P. sino-mollis, Balf. f. & Forr. From a series

of specimens of that species communicated to Kew by

Professor Bayley Balfour it differs most markedly in its

much shorter corolla-tube which scarcely protrudes

beyond the tips of the calyx-lobes. According to a letter »

from Professor Balfour, P. sylvicola, as the name implies,

grows in woods, whilst P. sino-mollis favours pastures.

P, sylvicola was collected by Mr. G. Forrest in Western

China, and seed sent by him was first raised by

Messrs. Wallace and Company, Colchester, from whose

establishment the plant now figured was obtained by

Kew in 1916 under the name here published. This plant

flowered in a greenhouse in March, 1917, and ripened seed

APRIL-JUNE, 1918,

from which a stock has been raised. The species appears

to be short-lived under cultivation and is best treated as

a biennial. The flower-spikes reach a height of about

two feet, and as the whorls of flowers develop in slow

succession the plants remain in blossom for about three

months in spring. At Kew this species is too tender for

cultivation out of doors.

Description.—Herb, rootstock fleshy. Leaves spreading or drooping, long-

stalked, oblong-elliptic, apex rounded, base cordate, 34-54 in. long, 23-3 in.

wide, coarsely crenate, the lobes minutely crenulate, thinly papery, dark-green

above and finely setulose, beneath yellowish-green and usually crisply

puberulous on the nerves and veins; lateral nerves about 8 along each side

the midrib, the basal pair slightly recurved, all leaving the midrib at an angle

of about 45°, and all raised beneath; venation laxly reticulate; petiole up to

6 in. long, reddish-purple, crisply pilose. Flowers disposed in racemes of

whorls; common scape reddish, pilose; whorls about 6-flowered ; pedicels up

to 13 in. long, pilose; bracts subulate-lanceolate, up to 3 in. long. Calyx

turbinate-campanulate, outside pilose; tube 3 in. long, lobes lanceolate, acute,

% in. long. Corolla rotate, rose-purple; tube wide cylindric, 3 in. long,

glabrous; lobes 5, spreading ‘or slightly recurved, wide orbicular-ovate, apex

wide emarginate, about 2 in. long, and as much across. Anthers inserted near

the middle of the tube, ovoid-oblong, 3; in. long. Style } in. long, slender ;

stigma depressed-capitate.

Tas, 8762.—Fig. 1, young flower; 2, corolla laid open, showing staminal

insertion ; 3, pistil; 4, sketch of an entire plant :—all enlarged except 4, which

ws much reduced,

8763

= ye Oo Tan

MS.del. JNFitch hth Vincent Brooks, Day&SonLt imp

L.Reeve &C?London.

Tas. 8763.

MELICYTUS RAMIFLORUS.

New Zealand and Polynesia.

VronacEak. Tribe ALSODEIEAE.

Meticytus, Forst.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 119.

Melicytus ramiflorus, FYorst. Char. Gen. p. 124, t. 62; DC. Prodr, vol. i.

p. 257; A. Rich. Ess. Fl. Nowv.-Zél. p. 818; A. Cunn. in Ann. Nat.

Hist. vol. iv. p. 256; Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. vol. i. p. 18, et Handb. New

Zeal. Fl. p.17; Kirk, For. Fl. New Zeal. t. 8, et Students’ Fl. p. 42;

Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xxx. p. 168; Gibbs, l.c. vol. xxxix. p. 140;

Cheeseman, Man. New Zeal. Fl. p. 46, et Illustr. vol. i. t. 18; species

M. macrophyllo, A Cunn., proxima, sed foliis floribus et fructibus minoribus

facile distinguenda.

Frutex magnus vel arbor ad 9 m. alta, dioicus, glaber; truncus 3-6 dm.

diametro cortice griseo dense lenticellato. Folia alternata, petiolata,

oblongo-lanceolata, apice acuminata vel acuta, rarius obtusa, basi cuneata,

paulum undulata, serrata vel crenato-serrata, tenuiter coriacea, leviter

nitida, supra atro-viridia, infra pallidiora, 5-15 em. longa, 2-5 em. lata ;

petiolus 1-2 cm. longus; stipulae minutae, cito deciduae. lores incon-

spicui, 5-9, in fasciculos axillares dispositi, saepe ad ramulos annotinos ex

axillis foliorum delapsorum, pallide luteo-virides ; pedicelli graciles, 0°5-

1-5 cm. longi, bracteis minutis 1-3 instructi. Calyx subpatelliformis,

circiter 8 mm. diametro, dentibus 5 minutis triangularibus brunneis

praeditus. Petala 5, patentia, ovato-triangularia, vix 2 mm. longa,

crassiuscula, obtusa vel subacuta. ¢: Stamina 5; antherae subsessiles,

connectivo dorso squama majuscula suborbiculare nectarium minutum

ferente instructo. Ovarii rudimentum parvum. 9: Staminorwm rudi-

menta 5, minuta. Ovarium ovoideum, stigmate sessile 4—6-lobo coronatum.

Bacca depresso-globosa, 4-5 mm. diametro, violaceo-coerulea. Semina

saepe 6-8, brunnea, ovoideo-angulata, leviter foveolata, 2-2°5jmm. longa.—

M. uwmbellatus, Gaertn. Fruct. vol. i. p. 206, t. 44, fig. 8. Tachites wmbel-

lata, Soland. ex Gaertn. l.c. p. 206.—S. A. SKAN.

The genus Melicytus comprises five or six species all

of which, excepting that here figured, are restricted to

New Zealand and the neighbouring islands. J. ramiflorus,

originally discovered during Cook’s first voyage, 1768-71,

occurs in both the North and South Islands of New

Zealand, in Stewart Island and the Kermadec Islands,

and is everywhere abundant up to an elevation of

3,000 feet. It was collected in the island of Eua, Tonga

Islands, by Mr. J. J. Lister. Miss L. 8. Gibbs, during

Aprit-JuUNE, 1918,

her visit to the Fiji Islands in 1907, found it at Nadari-

vatu, Viti Levu, at an elevation of 2,700 feet. It has

been recorded from Norfolk Island, but the material

from this locality, collected by A. Cunningham, Milne

and Backhouse, and preserved in the Kew Herbarium,

does not quite agree with that from New Zealand. The

Norfolk Island plant was described as Hymenanthera

oblongifolia, A. Cunn. (Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. vol. i.

p- 124) in 1842, and this has been identified, but certainly

not correctly, with H. dentata, R. Br. It is evidently a

Melicytus and must be very closely allied to M. ramiflorus.

The material for our figure was communicated by the

Rev, Arthur T. Boscawen of Ludgvan Rectory, Long

Rock, Cornwall, the fruit in November, 1916, and the

flower in June, 1917, from plants cultivated in the open

raised from seed received from New Zealand in 1907. At

Ludgvan the plant has withstood ten degrees of frost

without serious injury. The species, which was intro-

duced into England in 1822, is represented at Kew by

plants in the Temperate House, one of which is planted

out in ordinary garden soil, and is now a bush about

10 feet high. Flowers are occasionally produced at Kew, |

but not fruit.

_DEscript1on.—Shrub of considerable size or at times a tree up to 30 ft. high,.

dioecious, glabrous; trunk 1-2 ft. in diameter, bark grey, closely lenticelled.

Leaves alternate, petioled, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate or acute, rarely obtuse,

base cuneate, margin slightly undulate, serrate or crenate-serrate, thinly

coriaceous, somewhat polished, dark green above, paler beneath, 2-6 in. long,

i-2 in. wide ; petiole 3-{ in. long; stipules minute, soon falling. Flowers

inconspicuous, in axillary clusters of 5-9, often on older shoots from the axils

of fallen leaves, pale yellowish-green ; pedicels slender, 1-$ in. long; bracts 1-3,

minute. Calyx somewhat cup-shaped, about } in. across; teeth 5, minute,

triangular, brownish. Petals 5, spreading, ovate-triangular, barely ;}; in. long,

rather thick, obtuse or somewhat acute. Male: Stamens 5; anthers sub-

sessile, the connective with a rather large suborbicular scale bearing a minute

erage Rudimentary ovary small. Female: Rudimentary stamens 5, minute.

yA Yibaocigaetse py the P99 4-lobed stigma. Berry depressed-globose,

67s 1. i et-blue. , :

Sivek: te, fa dil voi eeds usually 6-8, brown, angled-ovoid, slightly

Tas. 8763.—Fig. 1, portion of twig with fascicles of male flowers ; 2, male

flower, preg: from above ; 3, the same, seen from beneath ; 4, stamen seen from

he Per .0, the same, seen from behind, showing the nectariferous scale ;

» twig with female flowers; 7, @ female flower; 8, pistil and rudimentary

stamens; 9, seed:—all enlarged except 1 and 6, which are of natural size.

Crown 8y0., Price 3 6 net.

which is added some Suggestions on* “Growing Food 1 Plants

‘the War.

By. &.°T.. E LLIS, x, RAS.

ae. tavand is a place for flowers, a place where: one may foster

é Joyeliness, may learn the magic of colour, and the glory: of Bie) and -quicke

with Nature i in her higher moods,” ag ce Re

ABSTRACT OF CONTENTS. fee es A ikea aes ars, Brex

PrRENniats—Cototr Borpers—TuE Rock Garpen—Rosrs—Butps—Wererps,

AND DiskasEsS—PROPAGATION or Prants—Soits AND Manxvres AND THEIR

{ENT — EXPERIMENT IN GARDENING SF ipvmaneen Viewranr, z G.

‘CALENDARS. Sie ¢

‘Fourth, Revised Eaition.

ae eae on “1315 ‘Wood - eee ~~

Plants. Drawn by 1 We He Firen 4

_~ - Prinvna ayisopora—. :

_ OvontocHinvs LANCROLATUS

- ZANTHOXYLUM PLANISPINUM

_ Eprax@ra accrecara 4

-MowAvENIUM ERUBESCENS |

“Maus Sangent ss,

“ANGRAECUM GRACILIPES.

- Raopopenpron smpERopHyYLLuM

Howza Betmormana —.

_ BuLsopnyetum socrane . ‘

PRIMULA sYLvicoLa ——; E

MELICYTUS RAMIFLORUS ;

BOTANICAL MAGAZINE. _

CONTENTS OF Nos. 160, 161, 162, APRIL, MAY, JUNE, 1918,

- ALLS., illustrated by Rosznr Moreax,

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_ Stages of growth) with enlarged drawings of flowers, fruit, and sections,

With the plates hand-coloured

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THE POTAMOGETONS (Pond-Weeds) OF THE BRITISH ISLES.

. With Descriptions of all ‘the Species, Varieties and Hybrids, by Arfrep Frver,

a by. F.L.S. Continued from Mr. Frymr’s notes by

A. HL Evans, F.Z.S., and eoncluded by Anruur Beynerr

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(12) in. x 10 in.), with 60 plates depicting each Species (in many cases in their various

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NEW ZEALAND FLORA, uoluie tl

Lord Auckland’: Regan: 8, nee epee Isl

8764

3 MSaelJN Fitch th. m - Vincent Brooks,Day & SonLttimp.

. L.Reeve iCoL onder, n

TAB. 8764.

SOPHORA JAPONICA.

China.

Leauminosak. Tribe SopHOREAR.

Sopnora, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 555.

Sophora japonica, Linn., Mant. p. 68; Loud. Arbor. et Frutie. Brit.

vol. ii. p. 563; C. K. Schneider, Ill. Handb. Lauwbholzk. vol. ii. p. 19;

Elwes & Henry, Trees of Gt. Brit. and Trel. vol. i. p. 37; Bean, Trees

and Shrubs, vol. ii. p. 520 cum icon.; species S. affint, Torr. et Gr.,

proxima, ab ea inflorescentiis terminalibus, leguminibus glabris et statura

majore facillime distinguenda.

Arbor 15-25-metralis, cortice demum valde fisso; ramuli brunnei, juniores

- magis minusve pubescentes. Folia decidua, | alterna, imparipinnata,

15-25 em. longa; rhachis pubescens, basi tumescens ; foliola 9-15, ovata,

acuta, apiculata, basi rotundata, 2°5-7°5 em. longa, 1°2-1°8 cm. lata, supra

nitentia, saturate viridia, subtus glauca, adpresse pubescentia; petioluli

2°5 mm. longi, pubescentes; stipulae falcatae, 8 mm. longae, caducae.

Panicula terminalis, pyramidalis, 10-20 cm. longa ac lata. Flores lactei,

15 cm. longi, aestate exacta aperti. Calyx campanulatus; lobi 5,

perbreves, triangulares, minute pubescentes. Corolla papilionacea ;

vexillum ex unge perbrevi late cordatum, lineis dilute purpureis notatum ;

carina 9mm. longa. Stamina 10; filamenta libera, inaequilonga, omnia

inter petala carinae nidulantia. Legwmen 2°5-5 em. longum, glabrum,

1-4-spermum, inter semina valde constrictum. Semina reniformia, atro-

brunnea.—W. J. BEAN.

Sophora japonica was introduced to this country from

China in 1753 by James Gordon, a nurseryman of that

time at Mile End. It is not believed to be indigenous

to Japan, although much cultivated there. Five trees_

of the original introduction were planted at Kew, one at

least of which remains. The Sophora is one of the most

ornamental of all hardy trees. Its foliage is elegant and

richly luxuriant, and flowering as it does in September

when no other large tree is in blossom, its beauty Is very

conspicuous. It does not as a rule flower until it is »

thirty to forty years old, and is always seen at its best Z

after a hot summer. The pods are rarely developed in

England; the only time we have seen them in recent

years was in 1911. Even then the seeds do not ripen,

JULY-SEPTEMBER, 1918.

although they do so in Central and Southern Europe.

Every part of the tree is permeated with a cathartic

principle. The tree likes a rich loamy soil and should

be planted in full sun. If we exclude the Ldwardsia

group of Svphora, which is confined to the Southern

Hemisphere and is well distinguished by the erect, nearly

uniform petals and small, more numerous leaflets,

S. japonica is distinct from ail other species cultivated in

this country in being a tree. S. afinis, Torr. & Gr., a

small North American tree, differs in its axillary racemes

and its 4—8-seeded pubescent fruits.

Description.— Tree, 50-80 ft. high, the bark of the trunk much fissured in old

specimens ; branchlets bright brown, more or less pubescent, especially when

young. Leaves deciduous, alternate, imparipinnate, 6-10 in. long; rachis

pubescent, swollen at the base. Leaflets 9-15, ovate, acute, apiculate, rounded

at the base, 1-3 in. long, 3-3 in. wide, dark glossy green above, glaucous and

furnished with adpressed pubescence beneath ; petiolules z's in. long, pubescent ;

stipules sickle-shaped, } in. long, caducous. Panicles terminal, pyramidal,

4-8 in. high and wide. Flowers creamy white, 2 in. long, opening in

September. Calyx campanulate, with five shallow triangular teeth, minutely

pubescent. Corolla papilionaceous, the standard petal broadly cordate with a

short claw, faintly lined with purple; keel £ in. long. Stamens ten, variable

in length but all enclosed in the keel-petals. Pod 1-2 in. long, glabrous,

1-4-seeded, very much constricted between the seeds. Seeds dark brown,

kidney-shaped.

Tas. 8764,—Fig. 1, flower with petals removed ; 2, standard ; 8, wing-petal ;

4, keel-petal ; 5, pistil :—all enlarged.

8765

“ d. nD.

Vincent Brooks. Day&SonLti

‘itch lith

LINE

MS de

‘Reeve &C°London.

Tas. 8765.

RAMONDIA SERBICA.

Serbia.

GESNERIACEAE. Tribe CyRTANDREAE.

Ramonpta, Rich. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Plant. vol. ii. p. 1024.

Ramondia serbica, Pantic, Fl. Princip. Serb. p. 498; Petrovid, Fl. Agri

Nyssani, p. 573; C. B. Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. vol, v. p. 168 ;

Mottet in Rev. Hort. 1906, p. 230; C. F. Ball in The Garden, vol. Ixxii.

1908, p. 349; Adamovié, Vegetationsverh. d. Balkanldnder, p. 221, fig. 5;

species a R. pyrenaica, Rich., tota planta saepe minore, foliis basi magis

attenuatis, corolla minore, antheris cyaneis apice muticis differt.

Herba perennis, parva, acaulescens. Folia rosulata, spathulata vel obovata,

irregulariter dentata, apice rotundata, basi in petiolum latum angustata,

petiolo incluso 3-6°5 cm. longa, 1°5-3°5 cm. lata, primo omnino dense

longeque ferrugineo-hirsuta, demum supra villosa, infra dense ferrugineo-

hirsuta. Scapi adscendentes, 4-8 cm. longi, sat dense glanduloso-pubes-

centes, 1-8-flori. Calyx 4-6-lobus, circiter 6 mm. longus, glanduloso-

pubescens ; lobi oblongo-lanceolati, 4 mm. longi, basi 2 mm. lati, obtusi.

Corolla subrotata, subaequaliter 4-6-loba, 2-2°5 cm. diametro, sparse et

breviter glanduloso-puberula, lilacina, fauce tubi lutea barbata ; lobi late

obovati, apice rotundati, circiter 1 cm. longi, 8-9 mm. lati. Stamina 4

vel 5, rarius 6; filamenta crassiuscula, glabra, 2-3 mm. longa; antherae

cordato-ovatae, dorso sparse puberulae, cyaneae, 2°5 mm. longae. Ovariwm

late ovoideum, dense glanduloso-puberulum, 3 mm. longum, basi disco

angusto circumdatum. Stylus circiter 8 mm. longus, crassus, stigmate

capitato. Capsula-ellipsoideo-ovoidea, 7-12 mm. longa.—S. A. SKAN.

The Ramondia here figured is a pretty plant for the

rock garden. It bears a close general resemblance to the

well-known 2. pyrenaica which, however, is usually more

robust in growth and has larger flowers with yellow

apiculate anthers. Its distribution ‘is particularly inter-

esting. While the original /. pyrenaica and the four forms

-—for they are really nothing more—of that species which

have been regarded as distinct by Jordan, occur only in

the Iberian Peninsula, extending as far south as the

Province of Jaen in Spain, all the other European

Gesneriaceae, comprising Ramondia serbica, R. Nathaliae,

Pané. & Petrov., &. Heldreichii, Janka, Haberlea rhodo-

pensis, Friv., with its variety virginalis, and /1, Ferdinandi-

Juty-SEPTEMBER, 1918,

Coburgu, Urumoff, are confined to the Balkan Peninsula

and Thessaly (Mount Olympus). 2. serbica was originally

discovered on Mount Zlot in Southern Serbia by Pancic,

growing on rocks in calcareous soil. It has since been

found in other parts of Serbia and in Albania, but, as

pointed out by Adamovic¢, the specimens from Albania,

collected by Baldacci, have been distributed and recorded

under the name of 2’. Nathaliae. The record for Bulgaria

by Velenovsky is shown by Derganc to be based on an

incorrect identification, the plant supposed to have been

Ramendia serbica being in reality Haberlea rhodopensis.

f. Nathaliae, regarded by some authorities as merely a

variety of /’. serbica, is, according to Adamovié, a distinct

species, differing in having broadly ovate leaves which

are narrowed almost equally to base and apex, regularly

tetramerous flowers, a patelliform corolla and. longer

anthers. L, serbica has long been in cultivation at Kew,

where it is established along with 2. pyrenaica in a loose

stone wall in the Rock Garden, thriving well in a shaded

situation and flowering annually during May and June.

A few plants are also grown ina cold frame to flower

earlier in the Alpine House. It may be propagated by

its seeds, which ripen freely. The plant from which our

figure has been prepared was communicated by Sir F. W.

Moore from the Royal Botanic Garden, Glasnevin, in

June, 1917,

Drscription.—Herb, small, stemless, perennial. Leaves rosulate, spathulate

or obovate, irregularly toothed, rounded at the apex, narrowed at the base toa

broad petiole, including the petiole 14-23 in. long, 2-11 in. wide, at first

uniformly and densely rusty-hirsute with long hairs, ultimately villous above

and densely rusty-hirsute beneath. Scapes ascending, 14-3 in. long, rather

densely glandular-pubescent, 1-3-flowered. Calyx 4-6-lobed, about } in. long,

glandular-pubescent; lobes oblong-lanceolate, 4 in. long, jz in, wide at the

base, blunt. Corolla somewhat rotate, subequally 4—6-lobed, 3-1 in. across,

sparingly shortly glandular‘puberulous, lilac, with a yellow-bearded throat ;

lobes wide-obovate, rounded at the apex, about 2 in. long, and about } in. wide.

Stamens 4 or 5, rarely 6; filaments rather stout, glabrous, ;,-} in. long;

siege cordate-ovate, sparingly puberulous on the back, dark blue, ;); in. long.

vary wide-ovoid, densely glandular-puberulous, } in. long, surrounded at the

base by the narrow disk, Style about 1 in. long, stout; stigma capitate.

Capsule ellipsoid-ovoid, 372 in. long,

een 8765.—Fig. 1, corolla-limb ; 2, calyx and pistil ; 3, corolla, laid open,

showing staminal insertion; 4 and 5, stamens ; 6, pistil ; 7, transverse section

of the ovary :—all enlarged,

8766

a :

Vincent Brooks Day& Son Lt amp.

MS. del. JN.Pitch hth.

Reeve x C@London.

TAB. 8766.

GONGORA LATISEPALA. ©

Colombia.

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe VANDEAE.

Gonaora, Ruiz ct Pav.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. iii. p. 549.

Gongora latisepala, Rolfe; species nova a G. odoratissima, Lem., sepalis

multo brevioribus latioribusque et floribus ommino copiose maculatis

differt.

Herba epiphytica, Pseudobulbi aggregati, ovoidei, subcompressi, leviter sulcati,

4°5-5 cm. longi, 2-2°5 cm. lati, vaginis ovatis acutis obtecti, diphylli. Mola

breviter petiolata, elliptica vel lanceolato-elliptica, acuminata, subrecurva,

plicata, circiter 25 cm. longa, 5 cm. lata. Scapi arcuati vel subpenduli, basi

vaginis brevibus obtecti, 15-18 cm, longi; racemi multiflori; bracteac

ovato-oblongae, acutae, 3-5 mm. longae ; pedicelli graciles, arcuati, 2-3 cm.

longi. lors speciosi, copiose brunneo-maculati. Sepalwm posticum basi

columnae adnatum, elliptico-lanceolatum, acutum, 175-2 cm. longum,

margine recurvum; sepala lateyalia basi columnae pedi adnata, valde

reflexa, ovata, acuminata, 2°5-3 cm. longa, margine recurva. Petala. cum

sepalo postico basi columnae adnata, oblique falcato-linearia, acuminata,

circiter 1 em. longa. Labellwm cum pede columnae continuum, patens,

angustum, a latere compressum, carnosum, circiter 2 em. longum, basi

breviter unguiculatum, medio articulatum; hypochilium obovato-oblongum,

infra medium utrinque cornu incurvo breve instructum, apice ubrinque

aristis setiformibus circiter 1 cm. longis notatum; epichilium lateraliter

compressum, anguste triangulare, acuminatum, circiter 0°8 cm. longum,

basi angulatum. Colwmna arcuata, gracilis, circiter 2 cm. longa, apice

angulata; pollinia 2, anguste ovoideo-oblonga; stipes oblongus; glandula

squamiformis.—R. A. Ror.

The striking Gongvra here figured is one of the plants

which formed part of the collection of the late Sir ‘Trevor

Lawrence, presented to Kew by the late Lady Lawrence

in 1914. This particular plant bore no name and no

indication of its origin. When it subsequently flowered

at Kew it was not possible to identify it with any named

specimen, though it was found to match so closely an

unnamed one belonging to the herbarium of the late

Consul Lehmann as to leave little doubt that the two are

forms of one species. The Lehmann spécimen was

collected in 1899 on the banks of the Timbiqui in the

_ JuLy-Seprempsr, 1918. —

forests of Cotejo, Colombia. There are several species

of the. genus Gongora only known from the descriptions

written by the late Professor Reichenbach. The plant

now described cannot be identified with any of these,

and it is therefore regarded as a new species for which

the name G. latisepala is employed with reference to its

relatively broad sepals. It bears a certain resemblance

to (7. yratulabunda, Reichb. f., figured at t. 7224 of this

work, but in addition to having sepals of a different —

shape that species may readily be distinguished by the

absence of the pair of short horns at the base of the

hypochile of the lip, a character of some value in this

genus. In the possession of these horns our species

comes nearer to G. odoratissima, Lem., which, however,

has longer and narrower unspotted sepals. At Kew

G. latisepala thrives well in the tropical house under the

conditions suitable for its congeners and for the species of

Stanhopea.

Description.—Herb, epiphytic. Pseudobulbs clustered, ovoid, somewhat

compressed, slightly suleate, 13-2 in. long, 3-1 in. wide, clothed with ovate

acute sheaths, 2-foliate. Leaves shortly petioled, elliptic or lanceolate-

elliptic, acuminate, somewhat recurved, plicate, about 10 in. long, 2 in. wide.

Scapes curved or somewhat pendulous, clothed below with short sheaths,

6-73 in. long ; racemes many-flowered ; bracts ovate-oblong, acute, 1}-2 in. long ;

pedicels slender, curved, -1} in. long. Flowers showy, abundantly dotted with

brown spots. Sepals: posterior adnate to the base of the column, elliptic-

lanceolate, acute, 2-3 in. long, with recurved edges; lateral adnate at the base

to the foot of the column, strongly reflexed, ovate, acuminate, 1-1} in. long,

with recurved edges. Petals adnate along with the posterior sepal to the base

of the column, obliquely falcate-linear, acuminate, about 3 in. long. Lip —

continuous with the foot of the column, spreading, narrow, laterally compressed,

fleshy, about } in. long, shortly clawed at the base, jointed in the middle;

hypochile obovate-oblong, with a short incurved horn below the middle on

each side, and with bristle-like teeth about 4 in. long at the apex on each

side ; epichile laterally compressed, narrow-triangular, acuminate, about } in.

long, angled at the base. Colwmn curved, slender, about 3 in. long, angled at

the apex ; pollinia 2, narrowly ovoid-oblong; stipe oblong; gland scale-like.

Tas. 8766.—Fig. 1, lip and column ; 2, anther-cap; 8 and 4, pollinarium,

seen from in front and from behind :—all enlarged.

7 % + = .

n : 1 Samp

hncent Brooks,Day &Son Ltmp

M.S.del JNFitch lith

L.Reeve &C9 London.

LAB. BIG

RHODODENDRON arGyrRoPruyLLuM, var. LEIANDRUM.

Western Szechuan,

EricacKak. Tribe RHOpDOREAE.

Ruopopenpron, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 599.

Rhododendron (§ Eurhododendron) argyrophyllum, Franch. in Bull. Soc.

Bot. France, vol. xxxiii. p. 231 (1886), et in Newv, Arch. Mus. Paris, sér 2,

vol. x. p. 48 (Pl. David. vol. ii. p. 86); Hemsl. et EH. H. Wils. in Kew

Bull, 1910, p. 111; Rehd. et E. H. Wils. in Sargent, Pl. Wilson. vol. i.

p- 526 (1913); var. leiandrum, Hutchinson, varietas nova, a planta

typica filamentis glabris differt.

Frutex; ramuli annotini parce foliati, glabri, hornotini farinaceo-puberuli.

Folia oblonga vel oblongo-elliptica, basi rotundata, apice obtusa vel

subacuta, 8-12 cm. longa, 2°5-4 cm. lata, rigide coriacea, supra viridia,

_mox glabra, infra costa excepta indumento farinaceo albido omnino

obtecta; nervi laterales utrinsecus circiter 10, supra leviter impressi, infra

inconspicui; petioli circiter 1 em. longi, glabri. Flores in racemos breves

terminales laxe dispositi; axis 1°5-2 em. longus, parce pubescens ; pedicelli

graciles, 2 cm. longi, breviter crispate-puberuli. Calyx parvus, 5-lobus,

lobis late ovatis obtusis usque ad 1°25 mm. longis fere glabris. Corolla

rosea, tubuloso-campanulata, 3°5 cm. longa, glabra, limbo circiter 4 em.

diametro ; lobi 5, late ovati, leviter emarg.nati. Stamina 10, corollae tubo

vix aequilonga ; filamenta glabra; antherae nigrescentes, parvae, Ovariwne

8-loculare, pilis brevibus albis dense obtectum; stylus paullo exsertus,

1-5 cm. longus, glaber, stigmate discoideo viride 5 mm. diametro coronatus.

Fructus haud visus.—J. Hurcuison.

According to Messrs. Rehder and Wilson Rhododendron

argyrophyllum, Franch., “is one of the commonest species

in Western Szechuan and shows much variation.” The

material of this species in the Kew herbarium bears out

this statement. But the variations are confined to

single organs and are somewhat inconspicuous. They

are simple morphological fluctuations, readily recognis-

able, but not of specific importance. The authors cited

have accorded the rank of varieties to two of these

fluctuations: cupulare, with rather smaller cup-shaped

flowers; and vmeiense, with slender drooping pedicels

and a rather darker indumentum on the leaves beneath.

Both of these varieties agree with Mr. Franchet’s

JuLy-SEepremper, 1918.

riginal type in having hairy filaments ; that now figured

differs orth all thies in having the filaments without

hairs. This is a difference which, in the genus Lhodo-

dendron, usually is specific; in the present instance

it certainly does not possess that value. There is

within &. argyrophyllum a fifth recognisable Be

collected by Mr. Wilson on Wa-shan (Wilson, n. 121 ),

which has glabrous filaments like those of vav. leiandrum,

but has some of its calyx-lobes over one-third of an

inch in length. The nearest ally of £2. argyrophyllum is

ft. hypoglaucum, Hemsl., described at t. 8649 of this

work, where the close relationship of the two species 1s

discussed. The plant from which the flowering branch

now figured was cut on 5 May, 1916, was raised from

seed received from the Arnold’ Arboretum and sown in

1909. This seed was collected in Western Szechuan in

1908 by Mr. Wilson and was received as his n. 1353.

This number, however, belongs in part to R. Wiltonii,

Hemsl. & Wils., and it may be that in some collec-

tions f. argyrophyllum var. leiandrum bears the name

ft. Wiltonit. The plants at Kew are rounded, much

branched bushes, now about afoot and a half to two feet

high, slow of growth and sturdy. The species is appa-

rently very hardy and did not suffer in the least from

the severe winter of 1916-17, The flowers do not open

until late April or early May, and thus have a better

chance of escaping inj ury from late spring frosts than

those of many of the new Chinese species.

Drscriprion.— Shrub; year- oer

puberulous. Leaves oblong or oblong-elliptic, obtuse or subacute, rounded a

pedicels slender, ? in, long, finel

5-lobed ;_ lobes wide-ovate, obt

coloured, tubular-campanulate, 1;, in. long, glabrous; limb about 1} in. ao th ’

lobes 5, Wide-ovate, slightly emarginate. Stamens 10, hardly as long as

corolla-tube; filaments glabrous; anthers small, blackish. Ovary8-celled, densely

clothed with short white hairs; style slightly exserted, 2 in. long, glabrous,

3 ‘

crowned by the green disk-like stigma, which is 3 in.across. Fruit not yet seen.

Tas. $767.—Fig, land la, tip of leaf; 2, calyx and pistil; 3 and 4, stamens ;

5, anther; 6, transverse section of the ovary :—all enlarged.

nt,Brooks Day&S onLitimp.

Vince

MS del INFitch lith

L.Reeve&C? London.

‘Tas. 8768.

GOVENIA TINGENs.

Peru.

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe VANDEAE.

Goventa, Lindl. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 542.

Govenia tingens, Poepp. et Endl. Nov. Gen. et Sp. vol. iii. p. 5, t. 107, fig. 1-7;

Reichb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1852, p. 835, et in Walp. Ann. vol. vi. p. 559 (excl.

syn.); species a G. Gardneri, Hook., bracteis longioribus et labello latiore

differt.

Herba terrestris. Caulis erectus, brevis, diphyllus. Folia sessilia, recurva,

elliptico-oblonga, breviter et abrupte acuminata, plicata, 21-29 cm. longa,

6-8 cm. lata, submembranacea. Scapi erecti, 20-30 cm. alti, medio vagina

spathacea obtecti; racemi multifiori, 10-15 cm. longi; bracteae lanceo-

latae acutae, 1°5-2 cm. longae; pedicelli subgraciles, 1°5-2 cm. longi.

Flores mediocres, albescentes, petalis minute roseo-punctulatis, labello

flavo-viride. Sepalwm posticum incurvum, oblongum, obtusum, con-

cavum, circiter 1°5 cm. longum; sepala lateralia falcata, obovato-oblonga,

obtusa, 1-1'2 cm. longa. Petala subfalcato-oblonga, obtusa, 1-1°3 cm.

longa. Labellwm late subpandurato-oblongum, apiculatum, 0°7-0°9 cm.

longum; discus tricarinatus. Colwmna incurva, oblonga, late alata,

0°7-0°8 cm. longa; pollinia subglobosa, glandula parva.—R. A. Roure.

Govenia tingens, the subject of our illustration, was

originally described and figured by Poeppig and Endlicher

in 1838 from material collected in the dense forests of

eastern Peru at Cuchero and Pampayaca. A specimen

collected at Chacapoyas by Matthews is probably iden-

tical with the original plant, and examples of a Govenia

introduced from Peru by Messrs. Sander and Sons, St.

Albans, through their collector, Forget, which flowered in

February, 1915, were tentatively referred to G. tingens.

The genus Govenia is a very natural one, most of the

members of which are extremely similar in habit ; indeed,

Lindley has remarked that among the genera of Orchids

there is not one whose species are so difficult to distinguish

from each other. In a dried state they are so much

alike if the specimens have been similarly prepared, or

they may vary so much in appearance, owing to the

JuLY-SEpremBer, 1918.

manner in which their flowers shrink, when they have

been prepared differently, that their recognition is at

times hardly possible. One result of this has been that

the Peruvian (. tingens has been actually recorded from

Caracas, a statement that is at least doubtful, because

there is a species from Caracas, described by Lindley as

G. fasciata, »which is clearly distinct from G. tingens.

The chief difficulty connected with G. tingens lies in our

imperfect knowledge of the original plant. The specimen

figured was taken from a plant purchased for Kew in

1912 at a sale held by Messrs. Prothero and Morris, the

floral details of which agree well with the original figure.

The plant is grown in a tropical house along with species

of Calanthe, and flowers in early spring. Itis most readily

comparable with G. Gardneri, Hook., figured at t. 3660

of this work.

Descriprioy.—Herb, terrestrial. Stem erect, short, 2-foliate. Leaves

sessile, recurved, elliptic-oblong, shortly and abruptly acuminate, plicate,

almost membranous, 8-12 in. long, 23-8 in. wide. Scapes erect, 8-12 in. high,

each with a membranous sheath near the middle; racemes many-flowered,

46 in. long; bracts lanceolate, acute, 374 in. long; pedicels rather slender,

s+ in. long. Flowers medium-sized, whitish, the petals finely rose-punctate,

the lip greenish-yellow. Sepals: posterior incurved, oblong, obtuse, concave,

about 2 in. long; lateral falcate, obovate-oblong, obtuse, 1-1 in. long. Petals

somewhat faleate-oblong, obtuse, 47% in. long. Lip somewhat pandurately

oblong, apiculate, 1-1 in, long; disk 8-keeled. Column incurved, oblong,

widely winged, about + in. long ; pollinia subglobose ; gland small.

Tas. 8768,—Fig. 1, flower,

4, anther-cap ; 5, pollinia ;

which is much reduced,

with sepals and petals removed; 2, lip; 8, column ;

6, sketch of the entire plant :—all enlarged except 6,

8769

MS.del JN Fitch hth

d Pi

Vincent,Brooks Day &SonLt mp.

L Reeve &C °London.

Tas. 8769.

LINUM ELEGANS.

Greece.

Linackak. Tribe HuLINEAE.

Linum, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 242,

Linum elegans, Sprunner ex Boiss. Diagn. ser. ii. no. 1, p. 993 Boiss. Fl.

Or. vol. i. p. 854; Halacsy, Consp. Fl. Graec. vol, i. p. 257; species

L. flavo, Linn., et L. campanulato, Linn., affinis; ab illo differt caulibus

crassioribus, foliis minoribus, sepalis angustioribus et brevioribus, cymis

contractis, ab hoe foliis infimis minoribus uninerviis, sepalis tenuiter

acuminatis, floribus minoribus.

Herba viridis, glabra, basi suffrutescens, caespitosa, ramuli exteriores prostrati,

interiores erecti. Caulis gracilis, cylindricus, viridi-fuscus, ad 20 cm.

altus. Folia oblongo-spathulata, ima saepius conferta, obtusiuscula,

superiora linearia, acuta, 10-30 mm. longa, 3-7 mm. lata, glaucescentia,

costa infra conspicua; stipulae lineares, inferiores circa 2 mm. longae,

superiores minutissimae. Inflorescentia cymosa, 2-7-flora. Sepala viridia,

lanceolato-linearia, marginibus magis minusve anguste membranacea,

glandulosa, circiter 7 mm. longa, 2 mm. lata. Petala patentia, ungul-

culata, flava, distincte nervosa, 2°3 cm. longa, 1 cm. lata, caduca.

Antherae lineares, ad 2 mm. longae; filamenta subulata. Ovarium

5-loculare; styli 5, liberi, filiformes ; stigmata simplicia, linearia.—

L. iberidifolium, Auch. ex Planch. in Hook. Loni. Journ. Bot. vol. ii.

p. 515.—M. L. GREEN.

The specimens on which the original account of Linum

elegans was based were collected on Mount Parnassos by

Sprunner, who suggested the name it bears, and on

Mount Olympus by Heldreich. It occurs, however,

elsewhere in Greece, and has been gathered on Mount Ida

in Asia Minor. Before Boissier published his description

under Sprunner’s name, it had also been met with by

Aucher, who suggested for it the name US iberidifolia,

which was similarly taken up by Planchon. Besides the

specimen to which Aucher gave that name, this collector

had also gathered it on Mount Athos, and Planchon,

when he monographed the genus in 1848, after having

referred to the Mount Athos plant under L. caespitosum,

Sibth. & Sm., finally decided, and with reason, that it

JuLy-SEPTEMBER, 1918.

too may be included in the present species. The nearest

allies of L. elegans are L. flavum, Linn., a species which

is to be met with in south-eastern Germany and southern

Russia, and L. campanulatum, Linn., a species confined to

southern France. From the former our plant differs in

its smaller leaves, from the latter in its smaller flowers.

The plant from which our figure has been prepared was

presented to Kew by Miss Willmott, from her garden at

Warley Place, Great Warley. It is not yet possible to

say whether it will prove hardy at Kew. It flowers

freely in May in a frame, but does not ripen its seeds.

It can, however, be propagated readil y by means of

cuttings.

Description.—Herb with a somewhat woody base, tufted; outer branches

prostrate, central branches erect. Stem slender, cylindric, tawny-green, up to

8 in. high. Leaves oblong-spathulate, the lowest usually close-set, rather

obtuse, the uppermost linear, acute, 3714 in. long, 1-1 in. wide, glaucescent,

with the midrib prominent beneath ; stipules linear, the lower about ;/, in. long,

the upper very small. Inflorescence cymose, 2-7-flowered. Sepals green, linear-

lanceolate, with the margins somewhat membranous, glandular, about } in.

long, #4, in. wide. Petals spreading, distinctly clawed, yellow, with well marked

nerves, nearly 1 in. long, 2 in. wide, caducous. Stamens with subulate fila-

ments ; anthers linear, ;', in. long. Ovary 5-celled ; styles 5, free, filiform ;

stigmas simple, linear,

Tan. 8769. -— Fig. 1, flower, after removal of the petals ; 2, calyx in vertical

section, showing stamens and pistil ; 3, pistil :—all enlarged.

MS.del. JN Pitch lith

Vincent Brooks, Day& SonLttimp.

L. Reeve &C London

Tas. 8770.

ALNUS rFrrMa, var. Yasna.

Japan.

CUPULIFERAE. Tribe BETULEAR.

Aunus, Gaertn. ; Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 404.

Alnus firma, Sieb, et Zuec., var. Yasha, Winkler in Engl. Pflanzenr.-

Betulaceae, p. 104; Elwes & Henry, Trees of Gt. Brit. and Ireland,

vol. iv. pp. 9538; Bean, Trees and Shrubs, vol. i. p. 180; a var. typica

ramulis pubescentibus, foliis angustioribus cum nervis paucioribus

(utrinque 10-16), strobilis saepe 2 vel 8 minoribus recedit.

Fruter vel arbor parva ad 9 m. alta. Rami patentes, longissimi, graciles,

ramulis lenticellis numerosis conspicuis instructis primo pubescentibus

demum glabrescentibus. Gemmae sessiles, elongato-conicae. Folia

petiolata, lanceolato-ovata, apice acuta vel breviter acuminata, basi

rotundata et saepe leviter inaequalia, calloso-serrulata, supra glabra, infra

ad nervos adpresse pubescentia, 6-8 cm. longa, basin versus 2°5-3 em.

lata; nervi laterales utrinque 10-16, conspicui, subparalleli, supra cum

costa impressi, infra elevati; petiolus saepe 10-12 mm. longus, pubescens.

Amenta mascula solitaria vel geminata, terminalia vel subterminalia,

cylindrica, 5-7 cm. longa. Bracteae peltatae, 2 mm. longae, 2°5 mm.

latae, glandulosae, ciliatae, apice brunneae, membranaceae. Bracteolae 2,

minutae, ad bracteam arcte adpressae. Perianthiwm 4-lobum;_ lobi

minuti, glandulis paucis stipitatis luteis instructi. Stamina saepissime 4.

Amenta femina (strobili) 2-5 in racemum erectum terminalem disposita,

vere enascentia, florifera ellipsoidea, 6-8 mm. longa, bracteis crassis ovatis,

fructifera solitaria vel 2, raro plura, ovoideo-ellipsoidea, 1*7-2 cm. longa,

1°3-1'5 em. lata. Pedunculi ad 2 em. longi. Nuculae ala membranacea

inclusa saepissime oblique obovatae, emarginatae, 8-4 mm. longae, apice

2-2°5 mm. latae.—A. Yasha, Matsumura in Journ. Coll. Sci. Tokyo,

vol. xvi. art. 5, p. 4, t. 2; C. K. Schneider, Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. vol. i.

p. 128. A. firma, Sieb. et Zuee. in Abhandl. Acad. Muench. vol. iv. pars By

p. 2830, partim ; Regel, Monogr. Betulac. p. 84, t. 15, figs. 1-9, partim ;

Miq. in Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. vol. ii. p. 137, partim ; Franch. et

Savat. Enum. Pl. Jap. vol. i. p. 457, partim. A. firma, var. typica, Regel

in Bull. Soe. Nat. Mose. vol. xxxviii. pars 2, p. 423 et in DC. Prodr. vol. xvi.

pars 2, p. 183, partim. A. firma, var. hirtella, Franch. et Savat. ].c. vol. i.

p. 457 et vol. ii. p. 502, partim. A. Harinoki, Sieb. in Verh. Gen. Bat.

vol, xii. p. 25. Betula Alnus, Thunb. Fl. Jap. p. 76, excl. syn. Alnaster

firma, Schweinf. ex Winkler, l.c. p. 104.—S. A. Skan.

Alnus jirma is a variable species which is widely dis-

tributed in Japan, and with A. Alnobetula, Hartig —

Juty-Sepremper, 1918,

(A. viridis, Regel), belongs to the section of the genus

characterised by having the female inflorescences in

terminal racemes, which make their appearance in the

spring, while in all the other known species they are

solitary or racemose in the axils of the leaves and appear

in autumn. A. firma is moreover easily recognised by its

leaves having numerous straight almost parallel lateral

nerves, which in the variety mu/tinervis are as many as

18 to 24 on each side of the midrib. In this respect

the leaves much resemble those of some hornbeams.

Though sometimes found as a bush, at others it appears

as a small tree, having long, slender, spreading branches,

which give a graceful effect. A tree at Kew has now

reached the height of nearly 30 ft., and has a trunk

about 6 inches in diameter. Three varieties have been

distinguished, each by some authorities regarded as

species. The variety muiltinervis (A. pendula, Matsu-

mura) has longer, more acuminate, doubly serrate leaves

with 18-24 pairs of lateral nerves, and smaller cones in

a pendulous raceme. This was the first representative

of the species introduced into this country, it is believed

by Mr. John Gould Veitch in 1862. The variety

Sieboldiana (A. Sieboldiana, Matsumura) has solitary cones,

which are larger than in the other varieties; its leaves

are broader and fewer-nerved than in the variety

multinervis, and its young branchlets, which are pube-

scent in the variety Yasha, are glabrous. 1. jirma var.

Sieboldiana is not in cultivation. The variety now figured

was introduced into America by Professor Sargent in

1892, and through him to Kew in 1893. At Kew it

thrives well and makes a very elegant small tree, very

distinct owing to its handsome, hornbeam-like leaves.

It enjoys a deep, stiffish, loamy soil. Professor

Matsumura records it from many localities in the island

of Hondo, from one in Sikoku and from three provinces

in Kiushiu. Its Japanese name is Oba-minebari. It is

presumbly of this variety that Professor Sargent speaks

in his “Forest Flora of Japan” as “largely planted

along the margins of rice-fields near Tokyo to afford

support for the poles on which the freshly cut rice is

hung to dry.” It has hitherto been quite a rare tree in

English collections, but it well deserves attention and

ought soon to be more frequently seen as it produces

seeds plentifully at Kew.

Description.—Shrub or small tree, reaching 30 ft. in height; branches very

long, slender, spreading ; twigs with numerous conspicuous lenticels, at first

pubescent, at length becoming glabrous; buds sessile, long-conical. Leaves

petioled, ovate-lanceolate, acute or shortly acuminate, base rounded and often

slightly unequal, thick-serrulate, glabrous above, adpressed-pubescent on the

nerves beneath, 23-3 in. long, 1-1} in. wide above the base; lateral nerves

10-16 on each side of the midrib, conspicuous, nearly paralled, sunk above like

the midrib, raised beneath ; petiole often nearly } in. long, pubescent. Male

catkins solitary or in pairs, terminal or nearly so, cylindric, 2-23 in. long ; bracts

peltate, 3, in. long, ;}, in. wide, glandular, ciliate, brown and membranous at

the tip; bracteoles 2, minute, closely adpressed to the bract. Perianth

4-lobed; lobes minute, beset with a few yellow stalked glands. Stamens

usually 4, Female catkins (strobiles) produced in spring in erect terminal

racemes of 2-5 together, when in flower ellipsoid, }—-} in. long, with thick, ovate

bracts ; when in fruit solitary or in pairs, rarely more than 2, ovoid-ellipsoid,

about # in. long, over } in. wide; peduncles up to jin. long. Nuwtlets with a

membranous wing, often obliquely obovate, emarginate, 1-} in. long, 73-75

in. wide at the tip.

Tan. 8770.—Fig. 1 and 2, clusters of male flowers; 3, a single male flower ;

4 and 5, female flowers; 6 and 7, bracts of female strobile with nutlets; 8, a

nutlet :—all enlarged.

877]

a d

Vincent Brooks,Day & Son Lt ump

MS del. IN.Pitch lith.

ond

L Reeve& C9]

TaB. 8771.

STEWARTIA SERRATA.

TERNSTROEMIACEAR. Tribe GORDONIEAE.

Srrwarttia, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 185 (Stuartia).

Stewartia serrata, Maxim. in Bull. Acad. Petersb, vol. xi. p. 430 (1867) ;

C. K. Schneider, Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. vol. ii. p. 381, fig. 218 (h) ;

species cum S. sinensi, Rehd. et Wils., comparanda sed ovario glabro

filamentis liberis foliisque subtus ad venarum axillas caespitoso-pilosis apte

distinguenda.

Arbor in cultis parva; ramuli pilosi demum glabrescentes. Folia decidua,

acuta vel acuminata, basi cuneata, ambitu elliptica vel obovata, margine

incurvo-serrata et minute ciliata, 3°7-7°5 cm. longa, 2-3°7 cm. lata, supra

glabra, sordide viridia, subtus pallidiora secus costam et ad venarum

axillas pilosa; petiolus 3-12 mm. longus, glaber. Flores speciosi, secus

ramulos juniores axillares, solitarii, ineunte aestate aperti ; pedunculi

4-6 mm. longi, tomentosi. Sepala 5-6, foliacea, ovata, margine parce et

minuto serrata, 1:2-1°8 em. longa, margine ciliato excepto glabra, recurva,

persistentia. Petala 5, pallide lutéo-alba, extra rubro-tincta, cucullata,

distincte imbricatu, margine indentata. Stamina indefinita ; filamenta

libera, basi sericea; antherae luteae. Ovariwm ovoideum, glabrum, e

carpellis 5 compositum; stylus simplex, glaber ; stigmata abbreviata.

Capsula lignosa, ovoidea, rostrata, 2 cm. longa, loculicide 5-valvis.

Semina compressa, alata.—W. J. BEAN.

We are indebted for the material from which the

figure in the accompanying plate has been prepared to

Sir Edmund Loder of Leonardslee, Horsham, who

supplied the flowering spray on 12 June, 1917, and the

fruit during the following November. Save for the

specimens thus gathered from the plants at Leonardslee,

Stewartia serrata is only represented in the Kew herbarium

by a single leafy spray and a solitary detached flower,

both collected in Japan in 1863 by the late Mr.

Maximowicz. From the cultivated form now figured

Maximowicz’s specimen differs in having the. petals

velvety outside on the upper half, and in having the

shoot quite glabrous, as also are the leaves except for the

axil-tufts of tomentum beneath. In all other respects

the two specimens appear to agree. We have failed to

ascertain at all definitely the dimensions this Stewartia

JULY-SEPTEMBER, 1918,

is capable of attaining. Maximowicz states that it had

been reported to him that it may reach a large size:

“arbor dicitur altissima, 4 pedes usque crassa.” In

spite of this, however, we believe it will never become

more than a small tree in this country. It seems to be

quite hardy both at Leonardslee and at Kew, and like

its allies will no doubt thrive well elsewhere in either

loamy or peaty soil. In the absence of seeds it may be

propagated by cuttings made of fairly firm wood in July

or August. The nearest ally of S. serrata is probably

S. sinensis, Rehd. et Wils., a Chinese species first dis-

covered by Professor A. Henry, and first introduced to

cultivation by Mr. E. H. Wilson in 1901. This species,

however, is readily distinguished from S. serrata by its

pilose ovary, its monadelphous stamens and its leaves

without pubescence in the axils of the veins on the

undersurface.

DrscripTion.—Tree, as cultivated in this country of small size; young

shoots pilose, finally glabrescent. Leaves deciduous, elliptic or obovate, acute

to acuminate, base cuneate, margin serrate with the teeth incurved, 14-3 in.

long, {-1} in. wide, dull dark green and glabrous above, paler and pilose on the

midrib and in the axils of the veins; petiole }-} in. long, glabrous. Flowers

showy, cup-shaped, 2-23 in. wide, solitary in the leaf-axils of the young shoots,

opening in June; peduncles 3-1 in. long, tomentose. Sepals 5-6, leafy, ovate,

minutely and sparingly serrate, 4~ in. long, ciliate on the margin but else-

where glabrous, recurved and persisting on the fruit. Petals 5, cream-coloured, —

stained with red on the outside, cucullate and jagged on the margin, imbricate,

lin. wide. Stamens many, free; filaments silky at the base; anthers yellow.

Ovary ovoid, quite glabrous; style simple, glabrous; stigmas very short.

Capsule woody, ovoid, rostrate, } in. long, 5-valved, opening loculicidally.

Seeds compressed, winged.

Tas. 8771.—Fig. 1, portion of undersurface of a leaf, showing pubescence ;

2, stamens; 3, pistil; 4, fruit; 5 and 6, seed :—all enlarged except 4 and 5,

which are of natural size,

8772

MS.del.INFit chith. Vincent Brooks. D ay &Sos Limp.

L.Reeve & C9 London.

“Tap. 8772.

POLYSTACHYA PosBEGuInuil.

Tropical Africa.

ORCHIDACEAE, ‘Tribe VANDEAE.

Potysracuya, Hook. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 540.

Polystachya Pobeguinii, Rolfe in Orch, Rev. 1918, p. 106; species

P. elasticae, Lindl., affinis, floribus paullo minoribus, sepalis lateralibus

haud apiculatis, labelloque breviore differt.

Herba epiphytica, caespitosa. Caules teretes, stricti, 10-15 cm. longi, basi in

pseudobulbum ovoideo-globosum inerassati, vaginis brevibus obtecti, pauci-

folii. Folia 3-7, disticha, patentia vel suberecta, lanceolata, subacuta,

glabra, 2-10 cm. longa, 0°7-1 cm. lata. Scapi erecti, circiter 20 cm. longi,

basi vaginis brevibus obtecti; racemi multiflori, rhachis sparse puberula ;

bracteae patentes, ovatae, acutae, glabrae, concavae, margine minute denti-

culatae ; pedicelli circiter 1 cm. longi. Flores mediocres, rosel, labelli

crista flava. Sepalum posticum inferum, ovatum, concavum, apiculatum,

0°5 em. longum; sepala lateralia oblique et late triangulari-ovata, obtusa,

0°6 cm. longa, 0°8 em. lata. Petala obovato-oblonga, obtusa, 0°5 cm. -

longa. Labellum cum columnae pede articulatum et abrupte refractum,

unguiculatum, elongatum et pandurato-trilobum, 0°8 cm. longum, basi

carina quadrata elevata instructum, medio arcte recurvum ; lobi laterales

breviter rotundati; lobus intermedius spathulato-orbicularis, obtusus,

margine recurvus, medio concavus; isthmus crista pulvinata pubescente

instructus. Colwmna lata, 2 mm. longa, exalata ; pollinia 4, sphaerica ;

stipes cylindricus, gracilis ; glandula squamiformis.—E piphora Pobeguinn,

Finet in Lecomte Notul. Syst. vol. ii. p. 29, fig. 2, 1-12.—R. A. Roure.

The Polystachya here figured is an unusually showy

member of its large and somewhat polymorphic genus.

Within that genus it belongs to a small group. of species

the original representative of which is P. elastica, Lindl,

but which is now known to include, in addition to

P. Pobeguinii described above, two other forms from

tropical Africa, P. liberica, Rolfe, and P. Smytheana,

Rolfe. The species which forms the subject of our plate

was discovered by Mr. Pobéguin in the peninsula of

Ninkan and again at Labé in French Guinea, and was

described from this material as Epiphora Pobeguinn by

Mr. Finet, who took the opportunity thus offered of

suggesting the restoration of the genus Epiphora based

JuLy-SerremBeER, 1918.

by Professor Lindley on the South African species

described at t. 5886 of this work as P. pubescens, Reichb. f.

There is, however, no outstanding character by which

Epiphora can be generically distinguished from Poly-

stachya, and even if this had been the case there is the

further difficulty that the present species is not very

closely allied to P. pulvscens, but belongs to another

section of that rather variable genus. The species is

reported to have been in cultivation at Paris from the

original specimens. The plant now figured was obtained

for the Kew collection from Messrs. Sander and Sons,

St. Albans, and flowered at Kew in October, 1913,

Another example of P. Pobeguinii flowered at Glasnevin

in November, 1917. The species is remarkable for its

bright rose sepals and petals and for its strongly recurved

lip which has a darker purple front lobe, and a prominent

cushion-like, bright yellow crest on the disk. It thrives

in a tropical Orchid House if planted in a mixture of

peat fibre and sphagnum. It should be kept dry when

not in active growth.

Descrirtion.—Herb, epiphytic ; stems terete, strict, 4-6 in. long, thickened

at the base into ovoid-globose pseudobulbs, clothed with short sheaths and

bearing few leaves. Leaves 3-7, distichous, spreading or somewhat erect,

lanceolate, rather acute, glabrous, 3-4 in. long, 1-1 in. wide. Scapes erect,

about 8 in, long, clothed below with short sheaths ; racemes many-fiowered,

rachis slightly puberulous; bracts spreading, ovate, acute, glabrous, concave,

with finely denticulate margin; pedicels about tin. long. Flowers medium-

sized, rose-coloured, the lip with a yellow crest. Sepals: posterior the lowest,

ovate, concave, apiculate, 1 in, long ; lateral obliquely and broadly triangular-

ovate, obtuse, } ir. long, 3 in. wide. Lip jointed at the foot of column,

suddenly refracted, clawed, elongated and pandurately 3-lobed, 3 in. long, with

a raised quadrate basal keel and sharply recurved in the middle; lateral lobes

shortly rounded ; mid-lobe spathulate orbicular, obtuse, with margin recurved

and concave in the middle ; isthmus with a pubescent pulvinate crest. Column

broad, 5; in. long, not winged ; pollinia 4, spherical; stipe slender, cylindric ;

gland scale-like,

Tas. 8772.—Fig. 1, flower, seen from in front; 2, the same, seen from

behind ; 8 and 4, lip; 5, column; 6, pollinarium :—all enlarged.

8773

WNT

A \ ant

i®

MS.del JNFitchlith. Vincent Brooks ,Day &Son Litimp

LReeve&C? London.

Tas. 8773.

HYPERICUM Lagve, forma RUBRA.

Orient.

Hypericacear. Tribe Hypericnae.

Hypericum, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 165.

Hypericum laeve, Boiss. et Hausskn. in Boiss. Fl. Orient. 3, 197 (8. rubrum) ;

affine H. scabro, Linn., caulibus ramisque laevibus et foliis anguste

linearibus distinctum.

Herba perennis, multicaulis, 3-6 dm. alta; caules teretes, virgati, laeves,

glabri, ex axillis ramulosi. Folia linearia vel in caulibus robustioribus

lineari-oblonga, obtusa, plerumque secundum margines revoluta (praecipue

ea ramulorum), pellucido-punctata, 1-1°5 (raro ad 3 \cm.) longa, 2 (raro

fere 5) mm. lata, ea ramulorum ob margines arcte revolutis saepe 1 mm.

vix latiora. Panicula breviter ovoidea, subcorymbosa, densa, rarius

elongata et laxior, bracteis ovato-oblongis vel oblongis nigro-glandulosis.

Sepala elliptico- vel ovato-oblonga, obtusiuscula, glanduloso-crenulata

glandulis nigris, 2-2°5 mm. longa. Petala patula, elliptica vel oblongo-

elliptica, basi subunguiculata, superne nigro-glanduloso-fimbriatula,

5-7 mm. longa, rubro-aurea vel scarlatino-rubra. Filamenta stylique

rubella.—H. rubrum, Hochst. in Lorent, Wander. Orient, p. 843.—

-Q. Starr. © :

The graceful St. John’s Wort here delineated was first

discovered by Kotschy in 1841 near Diarbekir. Since

then the species has been met with by Lorent, Hauss-

knecht and others in the Orient, where it inhabits a

somewhat limited area which extends from Aintab and

Nisib in Northern Syria to Kharput and Diarbekir in

Kurdistan. Within this area it is said to grow chiefly

on calcareous soil. The colour of its flower varies,

sometimes in the same locality, from rich yellow to pure

red or nearly scarlet. Haussknecht, who collected both

colour-forms at Aintab and Nisib, was inclined to attri-

bute the colour of the red form, which we now figure, to

the ferruginous nature of the loam in which he found it

growing, though when describing the yellow form as

Hypericum laeve, he and Boissier nevertheless accorded

the red one the status of a variety, while Hochstetter

treated specimens of the red flowered plant, collected by

JULY-SEPTEMBER, 1918.

Lorent, as a distinct species, //. rubrum. There is,

however, no character other than the colour of the

flowers by which the two can be distinguished, and we

have therefore reverted here to what would seem to

have been the view taken by Haussknecht when he

examined the two plants as they grew under natural

conditions. The plant which forms the subject of our

plate flowered in the collection at Kew in June, 1917.

It was obtained from Messrs. Bees, Limited, of Neston,

who exhibited it in flower at the Holland Park meeting

of the Royal Horticultural Society in June, 1914. With

Messrs. Bees, at Sealand, Cheshire, the plant withstood

two successive winters and grew to a height of eighteen

inches, but at Kew it has proved to be tender and has

died after flowering. Though it continues in flower for

about two months, it has failed to ripen seeds at Kew,

but it has been successfully propagated by means of

cuttings made from young shoots. The yellow-flowered

form, regarded by the authors of the species as the

typical one, has not yet been introduced to English

gardens. The nearest ally of H. laeve is the Arabian

fH. scabrum, Linn., from which our plant is readily distin-

guished by its smooth and glabrous, in place of rough

and glandular stems.

Description.—Herb, perennial, sending up several stems, in wild plants

1-2 ft. in height; stems terete, virgate, smooth and glabrous, with many

axillary branchlets. Leaves linear or on the stouter stems linear-oblong,

obtuse, usually and especially on the twigs with revolute edges, dotted with

transparent glands, }-} rarely 1} in. long, ,.-1 in. wide, those of the twigs

owing to their much revolute edges often under me in. across. Panicle shortly

ovoid, rather corymbose and dense, very rarely elongated and more open;

bracts ovate-oblong or oblong, dotted with black glands. Sepals elliptic-oblong

or ovate-oblong, somewhat obtuse, glandular-crenulate with black glands,

7y-1o in. long. Petals spreading, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, shortly clawed,

towards the apex shortly fringed with black glands, }-! in. long, golden-yellow,

or yellow with a reddish tinge or, in the form figured, scarlet-red, as are the

filaments and the styles. z

TAB. 8773.— Fig. 1, a leaf; 2, flower; 3, a group of stamens; 4 and 5, single

stamens ; 6, pistil :—all enlarged.

| 2

Vincent Brooks.Day &SonL¥ imp

del. JN Fitch lith

L.Reeve & C9London

Tas. 8774.

SCABIOSA HooKeErt.

Eastern Himalaya and Western China.

DIPsACEAE,

Scaprosa, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 159.

Seabiosa Hookeri, C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. iii. p. 218;

species foliis omnibus subradicalibus pedunculis scapigeris efoliatis capitulo

magno distincta.

Herba scapigera perennis, usque ad 30 em. alta; rhizoma suberectum, vestigiis

foliorum indutum, plerumque monocephalum, J olia subrosulata, adscen-

dentia, ambitu oblanceolata, obtusa, basi in petiolum alatum attenuata,

pinnatifida vel rarius integra, 15-20 cm. longa, 1°5-4 em. lata, tenuiter

chartacea, utrinque longe pilosa, lobulis oblique ovatis apice rotundatis

usque ad 6 mm. longis; costa infra lata, conspicua, nervis lateralibus

inconspicuis. Pedwnculus monocephalus, usque ad 35 em, longus, basin

versus circiter 5 mm. crassus, sicco sulcatus, inferne longe pilosus, superne

villosus. Capitulwm subnutans, circiter 6 cm. diametro. Bracteae

2-3-seriatae, lanceolatae vel ovato-lanceolatae, subacutae, 1‘8 em. longae,

usque ad 7 mm. latae, longe ciliatae, dorso pilosae intus glabrae.

Involucellus 2 mm, longus, villosus, apice undulato-dentatus. Calycis

setae circiter 20, corollae tubo parum breviores, filiformes, plumosae.

Corolla pallide violacea; tubus infundibuliformis, leviter obliquus, 1 em.

longus, extra pilosus; lobi 5, patentes, rotundatae, 3°5 mm. longae.

Antherae atro-purpureae, exsertae, 3°5 mm. longae. Stylus exsertus,

glaber, stigmate depresso-globoso coronatus.—J, HurcHInson.

The very attractive Scabiosa now figured was raised

from seed presented to Kew by Mr. A. K. Bulley in

1915. This seed had been obtained in Bhutan by

Mr. Cooper when collecting there on behalf of Messrs.

Bees, Limited. This species, S. /ookeri, was first col-

lected by the late Sir J. D. Hooker in July, 1849, in the

Sikkim Himalaya near Tungu at altitudes of 12,000-

14,000 feet above sea-level. It was met with again by

Mr. H. J. Elwes in 1877, and since then it has been

gathered in the vicinity of Ta-chien-lu in Western

Szechuan by various French and British collectors.

This is by far the most handsome of the species of

Scahiosa met with in the Himalaya, and is readily

JuLty-SepremsBeER, 1918,

recognised among them by its radical leaves, and _ its

leafless, scapigerous one-headed peduncles. At Kew it

has flowered in an open border in July and has proved

quite hardy, making vigorous growth in spring after a

winter, unprotected, out-of-doors. What appears to be

another form of the species with light yellow flowers has

been gathered in the neighbourhood of Chumbi, immedi-

ately to the east of Sikkim, by one of the collectors

employed by the late Sir George King. The same form

has alsq been found near Lhassa in Tibet by Captain

H. J. Walton.

Description. — Herb, scapigerous, reaching 1 ft. in height; rootstock

perennial, suberect, usually monocephalous, clothed with the remains of the

old leaf-stalks. Leaves somewhat tufted, ascending, oblanceolate, obtuse,

narrowed below into a winged petiole, pinnatifid or less often nearly entire,

6-8 in. long, 4-1} in. wide, thinly papery, pilose with long hairs on both faces,

lobules obliquely ovate with rounded tips, about } in. long; midrib beneath

wide and conspicuous, lateral nerves rather obscure. Pedwncle monocephalous,

up to 14 in. long, about} in. thick at the base, furrowed when dry, pilose with

long hairs below, villous above. Capitulum slightly drooping, nearly 2} in.

across. Bracts 2-3-seriate, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, somewhat acute,

# in. long, over 3 in. wide, long ciliate, pilose on the outside, glabrous within.

Involucel 3; in. long, villous, with undulately toothed margin. Calyx com-

posed of about 20 filiform plumose setae, rather shorter than the corolla-tube.

Corolla pale violet; tube funnel-shaped, slightly oblique, + in. long, pilose

outside ; lobes 5, spreading, rounded, in.long. Anthers dark-purple, exserted,

glabrous, crowned by the depressed-globose stigma.

Tas. 8774.—Fig. 1, flower ; 2, section of flower, the corolla removed ; 3, part

of an involucel, seen from within; 4 and 5, anthers :—ail enlarged.

Crown 8vo. Prive. 3/6 nek.

JOTTINGS of a GENTLEMAN GARDENER.

A Practical Guide to Flower Gardening for Amateur Gardeners ; ‘to

which is added some Suggestions on Growing Food Plants during

the War.

By E. T. ELLIS, F.R.H.S.

a Garden is a place for flowers, a place where one may foster a passion, ‘te

loveliness, may learn the magic of colour, and the glory of form, and —— sacra

with Nature in her higher moods.” fay

ABSTRACT OF CONTENTS.—STARTING A Garpen—ANNUALS, Prawntate AND

PERENNIALS—CoLour BorpERsS—TuHE Rock Garpen—Roses—BuLes—WEEDS, Pests,

AND DISEASES—PROPAGATION OF PLanTs—SoILs AND MANURES AND THEIR Manaci

MENT— EXPERIMENT IN GARDENING — PictuRESQUE VEGETABLE Ganpexixg

CALENDARS, :

Fourth Revised Edition.

ILLUSTRATIONS of the BRITISH FLORA.

A Series of 1315 Wood Engravings, with dissections of Britis

Plants. Drawn by W. H: Firen, F.LS., with additions by W. G.

Surry, F.L.S. Forming an illustrated companion ‘to BENTHAM

HANDBOOK OF THE BRITISH. FLORA, and OTHER suivone

Crown tivo: pp. ‘xvi. + 338. “Price 9/- net.

Several new features have beet ‘ueonhiee | in “this edition of the « Tiustrations,

including descriptions of the main divisions of classification with diagramatic illustra-

tions. In the body of the work many synonyms are now added under each Sesame:

“ay id with ne ee names and an indication of the colour of See flower. -

M HANDBOOK OF THE BRITISH FLOR

+S DESCRIPTION. OF THE FLOWERING PLANTS AND FERNS:

_ INDIGENOUS TO. OR NATURALISED IN THE BRITISH ISLES.

By GEORGE BENTHAM, FRS,—

x ee Edited with additions by Sir s De HOOKER, cB, ces. *F.

BOTANICAL MAGAZINE.

CONTENTS OF Nos. 168, 164, 165, JULY, AUGUST, SEPTEMBER, 1918,

SOPHORA J&PONICA (1918)

RaAMONDIA SERBICA (1918)

GONGORA LATISEPALA . i, (1918)

| RHODODENDRON ARGYROPHYLLUM,

var, LEIANDRUM (1918)

GovENIA TINGENS . (1918).

Linum ureeaxs z (1918)

ALNUS FIRMA, var. YAsHA (z918)

STEWARTIA SERRATA ; <> (ag38)

Pouystacuya Ponsevrstt ; (1918)

Hyprricum LAEVE, forma RUBRA (1918)

Scastosa Hooxerr * (1918)

; the Life and Letters of

SIR JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER,

3 Bag O.M., GOS: F.RS,

By LEONARD HUXLEY, [2 vocumes

Based on material collected and ILLUSTRATED

a erial collected an

arranged by LADY HOOKER, 36s, net.

Te long life of Sie: Joserx HOOKER, which ee acd

™ one hundred years ago, covers the whole of the scientific.

_tenaissance, Pre-eminent in botany, his name will always be

associated with the. making of Kew; but as Traveller and —

Explorer he was hardly. iss ‘Gmineie The history of his

Scientific career is also the history of many friendships, revealed -

is unceasing correspondence, most of all with Charles Darwin,

t he was Darwin’s confidant, helper, and critic: for fifteen years —

before the ‘ bs doit Toupee eae) pf es alk Ege gh ae

VOL. XIV.

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RHODODENDRON oRBICULARE.

Szechuan.

EricacEag. Tribe RHODOREAE.

Ruopopenpron, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 599.

Rhododendron orbiculare, Decne in Fl. des Serres, vol. xxii. p. 169 (1877);

Hemsl. et E. H. Wils. in Kew Bull. 1910, p. 108; Rehd. et E. H. Wils.

in Sargent, Plant. Wils. vol. i. p. 540; Millais, Rhedod. p. 221;

species R. Fargesii, Franch., affinis foliis plerumque suborbicularibus basi

profunde cordatis petiolis multo longioribus apte tamen distinguenda.

Frutex usque ad 8 m. altus; ramuli robusti, nitidi, glabri, apicem versus laxe

foliati; gemmae axillares anguste ovoideae, obtusae vel subacutae, glabrae.

Folia elliptica vel elliptico-orbicularia, apice interdum leviter emarginata

vel mucronulata, basi profunde cordata lobis imbricatis, 5-10 cm. longa,

3°5-7 cm. lata, coriacea, glabra, supra viridia, infra glauca et delicate

reticulata; costa supra plana, infra valde conspicua, basi circiter 2°5 mm,

lata, apicem versus angustissima ; nervi laterales utrinsecus circiter 10,

graciles, marginem versus ramulosi, infra inconspicui ; petioli robusti, fere

teretes, usque ad 6 cm. longi, nitidi, glabri. Injflorescentra terminalis,

laxa, circiter 10-flora. Flores nutantes, roseo-carminei ; pedicelli 2°5-3°5

em. longi, glabri. Calyz parvus, breviter lobatus, lobis margine glandulosis.

Corolla late campanulata, elepidota; tubus 3 cm. longus, apice 3°5 cm.

diametro; lobi 7, suberecti. vel patuli, breves, late emarginati. Stamina

circiter 13, inaequalia, tubo leviter longiora ; filamenta glabra, albida;

antherae atro-brunneae, 2°5 mm. longa. Ovariwm 7-loculare, glandulis

subsessilibus ornatum; stylus brevissime exsertus, glaber.—R. rotundt-

folium, David in Journ. As. Soc, N. China Br. vol, vii. p. 216 (1873)

nomen; Franch. Pl. David. vol. ii. p. 85 (1888) ; Schneider, Ill. Handb.

Laubholzk. vol. ii. p. 483, fig. 821a (1909) ; Bean, Trees and Shrubs Brit.

Isles, vol. ii. p: 877 (1914).—J. Hurcuinson.

The very distinct Rhododendron now figured is a native

of Western Szechuan, where it occurs at altitudes of

9,000—10,000 feet above sea level. It was first collected

near Moupine, in 1869, by the Abbé David who, noting

it as remarkable for its rounded leaves, used for it the

name &. rotundifolium published, but without a full

description, in 1873. In 1877 Professor Decaisne sup-

plied an account of the plant under the name R. orbiculare,

and although the late Mr. Franchet took up the Abbe’s

OocroBER-DECEMBER, 1918,

name in 1888, that of Decaisne has, with reason, been

definitely adopted by Messrs. Rehder and Wilson. The

species was first introduced to cultivation in this country

by Messrs. J. Veitch and Sons from seed obtained for them

by Mr. E. H. Wilson in 1904. It is, however, compara-

tively rare in gardens, owing to the circumstance perhaps

that it did not thrive very well at Coombe Wood, so that

the stock in the country was for a time somewhat scanty.

Two plants were obtained for Kew from the Coombe

Wood nursery in 1908, and although they have proved

hardy in so far that they have not been injured by

winter cold, they have not thriven well. They have

flowered occasionally, and have ripened seeds from which

piants have been raised, but after ten years they still

remain small and stunted. The species, however, is

well adapted to the milder damp climate of the south-

west of England, and in the collection of Me J,

Williams at Caerhays Castle it forms rounded bushes

over five feet through, many of which thrive well when

given a rather open well-drained situation facing the

east. The first plant to flower at Caerhays did so on

April 20, 1910, and Mr. Williams, to whom we are

indebted for the material for our plate from a plant that

blossomed at Caerhays in 1914, regards R. orbiculare as

one of the most remarkable of the Rhododendrons

obtained by Mr. Wilson. “TI think,’ he writes, ‘ I would

prefer to keep.a good plant of it if I were only to be

allowed one of the whole family.” Mr. Williams, in the

same letter, says, “‘ Wilson told me he found it with his

glasses on the far side of a deep valley, and that it took him

a day and a half’s journey to get there.” From Caerhays

seeds of £2. orbiculare have been distributed freely, while

the species has also been propagated there by the slower

process of establishing cuttings. In addition to this

LR. orbiculare has been crossed with A. discolor, Franch. ;

the hybrids have flowered, and although no improvement

on &. orbiculare they much resemble that parent and are

more robust. The species is readily distinguished from

other known Chinese ones by its suborbicular, deeply

cordate leaves borne on unusually long petioles. Its

nearest ally is R. Fargesii, Franch., figured at t. 8736 of

this work, which differs mainly in its leaf characters.

Description.—Shrub, 9-10 ft. high; twigs stout, shining, glabrous, laxly

leafy towards the tip; axillary buds narrow-ovoid, obtuse or somewhat acute,

glabrous. Leaves elliptic or elliptic-orbicular, sometimes slightly emarginate

or mucronulate, deep cordate at the base with the lobes overlapping, 2-4 in.

long, 13-8 in. wide, coriaceous, glabrous, green above, glaucous and finely

veined beneath; midrib flat above, very conspicuous beneath, about ;; in.

broad at the base, becoming very slender near the tip; lateral nerves about

10 on each side, slender, branching towards the leaf-margin, inconspicuous

beneath; petiole stout, nearly cylindric, over 2 in. long, shining, glabrous.

Inflorescence terminal, open, about 10-flowered. Flowers nodding, rose-car-

mine ; pedicels 1-1} in. long, glabrous. Calyx small; lobes short, with glandular

margins. Corolla wide-campanulate, without scales; tube 13 in. long, 1} in,

wide at the mouth; Icbes 7, nearly erect or spreading, short, widely emarginate.

Stamens about 18, unequal in length, rather shorter than the tube; filaments

glabrous, whitish ; anthers very dark brown, 75 in. long. Ovary 7-celled, beset

with nearly sessile glands ; style little exserted, glabrous.

Tan. 8775.—Fig. 1, tip of a leaf; 2, calyx and pistil; 8 and 4, stamens;

5, transverse section of ovary :—all enlarged.

8776

C £

be eee

Vincent Brooks Day&Sos LY imp :

_MS.del. INFit ch hth,

L.Reeve & C °London.

Tas. 8776A.

MESEMBRYANTHEMUM FULVICEPs.

South Africa. 7

Ficoripgak. Tribe MESEMBRYANTHEMEAE.

MrsEMBRYANTHEMUM, Linn. ; Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p. 853.

Mesembryanthemum (§ Sphaeroidea) fulviceps, N. E. Br. in Kew Bull.

1914, p. 167; affine M. Lesliei, N. E. Br., fissura inter folia multo pro-

fundiore et apicibus foliorum fulvis maculis parvis rotundatis atroviridibus

notatis apte tamen distinguenda. :

Herba succulenta, perparva, acaulis; radix descendens, elongata. Folia 2, in

corpusculum ultra medium connata. Corpuscula subsolitaria vel sub-

caespitosa, 2°5-4°5 cm. longa, obconica, laevia, glabra, apice 2°5-2°8 cm.

lata, truncata, fissura transversa notata, fulva, maculis parvis rotundatis

sordide atroviridibus ornata, lateribus leviter purpureo-cinerascentia opaca ;

fissura 7-8 mm. alta. Flores breviter pedicellati, 2°5 cm. diametro. Calyx

circiter 1 em. longus, 5-lobus; tubus breviter exsertus; lobi oblongi,

obtusi, 0°5-0°6 cm. longi. Petala patentia, linearia, obtusa, circiter

1-2 cm. longa, lutea versus apicem rubro-aurantiaca. Stamina suberecta ;

filamenta gracilia ; antherae ellipsoideae.—R. A. RouFe.

The little Mesembryanthemum here figured is a member

of the Sphaeroidea section of the genus, characterised

by the leaves being reduced to a single pair, united to

form a more or less globose or ovoid mass termed a

“‘corpusculum.” It is a native of Great Namaqualand,

where it was collected by the late Professor H. H. W.

Pearson of Cape Town in the course of the Percy Sladen

Expedition to the Great Karasberg Range. In its native

habitat it grows on sandy plains at an elevation of 4,300

feet above the sea. Living plants were presented to Kew

by Professor Pearson in the early part of 1913, and had

not yet flowered when in June, 1914, a description of the

species was published by Mr. N. E. Brown. In October,

1915, however, a plant flowered in the collection of suc-

culents at Kew and admitted of the preparation of our

illustration. The nearest ally of this Namaqualand plant

is M. Leslici, N. E. Br., a native of the Transvaal in which,

however, the leaves are more completely confluent into

OcTroBER-DzcEeMBER, 1918.

an obovoid truncate corpusculum with markings of a

somewhat reticulated character, while the petals are

longer, more reflexed and relatively narrower.

Description.—Herb, fleshy, small and stemless, with a rather long tap-root.

Leaves 2, connate beyond their middle to form a fleshy corpuscle. Corpuscles

at times 1-2, at times several and caespitose, obconic, 1-13 in. long, truncate

and about 1 in. wide at the top, which is marked by the transverse fissure due

to the incomplete union of the component leaves, smooth, glabrous, with small

rounded dark green spots on the tawny apical surface, uniformly dull grey-

purple on the sides; the transverse fissure about din. deep. Flowers shortly

pedicelled, 1 in. across. Calyx over} in. long, 5-lobed ; tube shortly exserted ;

lobes oblong, obtuse, about } in. long. Petals spreading, linear, obtuse, about

4 in. long, yellow with orange-red tips. Stamens suberect; filaments slender ;

anthers ellipsoid,

Tas, 8776a.—Fig. 1, petal; 2 and 3, stamens :—all enlarged,

TaB. 8776B.

MESEMBRYANTHEMUM EtisuHar.

South Africa.

Ficoripkar, Tribe MESEMBRYANTHEMEAE,

MEsEMBRYANTHEMUM, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant, vol. i. p, 853.

Mesembryanthemum (§ Cordiformia) Elishae, N. EH. Br. in Gard. Chron.

1916, vol. lx. p. 252; affine M. styloso, N. E. Br., sed foliis punctatis multo

brevioribus et stylis valde recurvis difiert.

Herba succulenta, nana; radix descendens. Folia 2, in corpusculum semi-

connata. Corpuscula dense caespitosa, 1°4-2°5 cm. longa, 1°2-2 cm,

crassa, subobovoidea, apice valde compressa lobis erectis carinatis, glabra,

coeruleo-viridia, obscure punctata. lores breviter pedicellati, 2°1 cm.

diametro. Calyx 8-5-lobus, submembranaceus, pallide virescens lobis

rubescentibus. Petala 35-45, 8-seriata, linearia, apice 2-fida vel obtusa,

inferne in tubum connata, lutea. Stamina indefinita, lutea. Stigmata

5-6, filiformia, pallide lutea, inferne in stylum columnarem coniata.—

R. A. Roure.

The small Mesembryanthemum now figured is a member

of the section Cordiformia, based originally by Mr. A.

Berger on JV. bilobum, Marloth, but which is now known

to include at least three other species: MJ. gracilipes,

Bolus; J/. stylosum, N. E. Br., figured at t. 8595B of this

work; and Mf. Elishae, the species here described. The

section is characterised by the very fleshy, somewhat

elongated leaves being more or less united at the base

but remaining free above so that the resulting corpus-

culum is more or less heart-shaped. The precise habitat

of this species in South Africa has not been recorded.

It appeared originally in this country in the collection

of Mr. G. Elisha, Canonbury Park Road, a keen cultiva-

tor of species of Mesembryanthemum. The specimen here

depicted flowered with Mr. Elisha in October, 1916, and

was described by Mr. N. E. Brown. Since then Mr.

Elisha has presented a plant to Kew. Mr. Brown has

remarked that the nearest allies of M. Llishae are

M. bilobum and M. stylosum, but it differs from both in

its dwarfer and relatively shorter growths, which form

OcroBER-DECEMBER, 1918.

very compact clusters. The neat habit and the markedly

glaucous green with scattered darker dots of the half-

connate leaves give it a pleasing appearance. The

flowers are bright yellow, expanding in full sunshine and

closing at night.

Description.—Herb, succulent, dwarf; root descending. Leaves 2, connate

to their middle to form a fleshy corpuscle. Corpuscles densely tufted, 2-1 in.

long, 4- in. thick, somewhat obovoid, much compressed at the apex with erect

keeled lobes, glabrous, bluish-green, indistinctly marked with darker dots.

Flowers shortly pedicelled, ¢ in. across. Calyx 3-5-lobed, somewhat mem-

branous, pale green with the lobes becoming reddish. Petals 35-45, —

8-seriate, linear, 2-fid or obtuse at the tip, connate below in a tube, bright

ellow. Stamens many, yellow. Stigmas 5-6, filiform, pale yellow, connate

elow in a columnar style.

Tas, 87763,.—Fig. 4 and 5, stamens ; 6, pistil :— all enlarged.

8777

MS. del. JNFitch lith. Vincent Brooks, Day & SonLt#imp.

L Reeve &C° London.

TAB Siii

PRIMULA SINOPURPUREA.

Yunnan,

PRIMULACEAE, Tribe PRIMULEAE.

Priuta, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 631,

Primula sinopurpurea, Balf. f. in Journ. Roy. Hort. Soc. Lond. vol. xxxix.

pp. 187, 160, nomen (1913); Irving in Gard. Chron. 1917, vol. lxii. p. 241,

fig. 92; species P. nivali, Pall., affinis sed foliis repando-denticulatis

farinosis differt.

Herba robusta, saepius circiter 1 dm. alta sed interdum robustior et usque ad

4 dm. alta. Folia rosulata, suberecta vel patula, oblanceolata, acuta vel

subacuta, basi in petiolum alatum longe attenuata, usque ad 20 cm. longa

et 4 cm. lata, tenuiter chartacea vel fere membranacea, repando-denti-

culata, supra glabra, infra flavo-farinosa ; nervi laterales adscendentes,

utrinsecus circiter 8, valde ramosi, utrinque prominuli; petioli lati, usque

adem. longi. Scapus usque ad 4 dm. altus, robustus, superne farinosus ;

flores circiter 6 in umbellam terminalem dispositi ; bracteae ovato-lanceo-

latae, acuminatae, subacutae, 5-8 mm. longae, 1~1°75 mm. latae, farinosae ;

pedicelli leviter nutantes, 1-2 cm. longi, dense flavo-farinosi. Calyx

anguste tubuloso-campanulatus, extra parce intus dense farinosus ; tubus

4 mm. longus; lobi 5, oblongi, obtusi, 3°5 mm. longi, 1 mm. lati. Corolla

saturate violacea ; tubus cylindricus, superne ampliatus, 1-1°2 cm. longus,

striatus, extra basin versus leviter farinosus, in limbum patulum 5-lobum

circiter 8°5 cm. diametro expansus ; lobi late elliptici vel suborbiculares,

circiter 1°8.cm. longi. Antherae circiter in tubi medium insertae, oblongae,

2°5 mm. longae. Stylus 7 mm. longus; stigma subglobosum. Fructus

cylindricus, 2 em. longus, medio 6 mm. diametro.—Primula nivalis, var.

purpurea, Franch. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. vol. xxxv. p. 429 (1888).

P. nivalis, Forbes et Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xxvi. p. 40 (1889) ;

non Pall. P. nivalis, var. sinensis, Pax et Knuth in Engl. Pflanzenr.—

Primulaceae, p. 104.—J. HurcHinson.

The example of Primula sinopurpurea which is here

figured was raised at Kew from seed collected by Mr. G.

Forrest in Yunnan and presented by Mr. J. C. Williams,

Caerhays Castle, in 1915. It is closely allied to the rather

widely distributed P. nivalis, Pall., figured at t. 1161 of

this work, but differs from that plant in its more remotely

repand-denticulateleaves, which are conspicuously farinose

onthe underside. In his memorable discourse on Chinese

Primulas, addressed to the members of the Primula

, Ocroper-DEcEMBER, 1918.

”

Conference held in April, 1913, Professor Bayley Balfour

remarked that the group of forms of which /?. nivalis,

Pall., is the type includes no fewer than seven Chinese

species, all of which, with the exception of P. albijtos,

Ward, have blue or purple flowers. Of these P. sino-

purpurea ig one of the most striking. It has proved

quite hardy at Kew, where, planted in the Rock Garden

in half-shade, it has grown well and flowered freely.

The first examples to flower did so in April, 1916, and

from one of these our figure was made. Examples which

flowered in April, 1917, and again in April, 1918, have

developed into specimens more robust than the original

ones, with the flowers sometimes arranged in two whorls

about a couple of inches apart, the upper whorl then

producing as many as twenty flowers. In each season

these plants have ripened seeds from which a new crop

has been raised. Like some other Chinese Primulas,

P. sinopurpurea must be treated as a biennial, for under

cultivation the plants usually die after flowering.

Description.— Herb, stout and frequently about 4 in. high, but sometimes

larger and exceeding a foot in height. Leaves rosulate, ascending or spreading,

oblanceolate, acute or subacute, narrowed at the base with a winged petiole, up

to 8 in. long and 1} in. wide, thinly papery or almost membranous, repand- _

toothed, glabrous above, yellow and mealy beneath; lateral nerves ascending,

aeag 8 on each side, much branched, prominent on both surfaces; «petiole

broad, up to 8 in. long. Scapes up to over a foot in height, stout, mealy in the

upper half; flowers about 6 in a terminal umbel; bracts ovate-lanceolate,

acuminate, 1~} in. long, narrow, mealy; pedicels slightly drooping, }-} in.

long, densely covered with yellow meal. Calyx narrowly tubular-campanulate,

sparingly mealy without, densely mealy within; tube 1 in. long; lobes 5,

oblong, obtuse, + in. long, very narrow. Corolla deep violet; tube cylindric,

widened upwards, 2-3 in. long, striate, slightly mealy externally near the base,

with a spreading 5-lobed limb about 11 in. wide ; lobes broadly elliptic or sub-

orbicular, about } in. long. Anthers inserted near the middle of the tube,

oblong, 5 in. long. Style over tin. long; stigma subglobose. Fruit cylindric,

= in. long, } in. across,

Tas. 8777.—Fig. 1, calyx and pistil; 2, corolla, laid open; 8, pistil:—all

enlarged.

8778

MS del. JNFitch hth

Vincent Brooks DayS on Limp

L.Reeve & C9 London.

Tas. 8778.

STEWARTIA sIneEnsis.

Western China.

TERNSTROEMIACEAE. Tribe GoRDONIEAE.

-Srewartia, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 185 (Stuartia).

Stewartia sinensis, Rehd. et Wils. in Sargent, Plant. Wiis. vol. ii. p. 395;

Bean in Trees and Shrubs Brit. Isles, ed. 2, vol. ii. p. 553; species

S. monadelphae, Sieb. et Zuce., necnon S. serratae, Maxim., affinis sed

ab illa capsula distincte 5-angulata manifeste maiore, ab hac filamentis

monadelphis et ovario glaberrimo apte distinguenda.

Frutex vel arbor parva, 4°5-9-metralis; novelli dense pubescentes. Folia

decidua, ovata vel oblongo-ovata, acuminata, basi cuneata, margine serrata

dentibus parvis, 4-10 cm. louga, 2-4°5 cm. lata, ciliata, laete viridia, supra

primum pilis sparsis adpressis induta, subtus costa nervisque primariis

exceptis glabra; petiolus pubescens, 3-8 mm. longus. Flores speciosi,

circiter 5 cm. lati, axillares, solitarii, aestate jam adulta aperti; pedunculi

crassiores, 4 mm. longi, pubescentes. Sepala 5, ovata, acuta, integra vel

parce serrulata, 8-15 mm. longa, ciliata, extra versus basin sericea, per-

sistentia. Petala 5, alba, prope basin cohaerentia, obovato-orbicularia,

extra sericea, circiter 2°5 cm. longa, 2 cm. lata. Stamina indefinita ; fila-

menta monadelpha, basi sericea; antherae luteae. Ovarium ovoideum,

dense hirsutum, e carpellis 5 compositum; stylus simplex, glaber ;

stigmata 5, radiatim patentia, recurva. Capsula distincte 5-gona, lignosa,

2 cm. lata, loculicide 5-valvis. Semina brunnescentes, compressa, alata.—

S. monadelpha, Hort. Veitch (non Sieb. et Zuce.); Bean in Trees and

Shrubs Brit. Isles, ed. 1, vol. ii. p. 553.—W. J. Bran.

We are indebted for the flowering spray and the fruit

of Stewartia sinensis now figured to Mr. H. Williams Grigg,

in whose grounds at Cann House, Crown Hill, near

Plymouth, it forms part of a very extensive and exceed-

ingly well cultivated collection of rare trees and shrubs.

There are also young examples in the collection at Kew,

where they thrive well and are evidently quite hardy,

since they have remained quite unaffected by the

rigorous winters of 1916-17 and 1917-18, though they

do not grow with the luxuriance that characterises them

in the softer air of South Devon. This species was

originally discovered in Western Hupeh by Mr. E. H.

Wilson in 1901 when collecting for Messrs. Veitch, by

OcropER—DECEMBER, 1918, ~

whom it was introduced to cultivation. It was distri-

buted under the name S. monadelpha and is doubtless in

cultivation under that name in various English gardens.

The true S$. monadelpha, Sieb. & Zuce., is, however, a

purely Japanese shrub and is readily distinguished from

S. sinensis by its much smaller, scarcely angled capsules,

which are only one-third of an inch wide. Another near

ally of S. sinensis is S. serrata, Maxim., also a purely

Japanese species, figured at t. 8771 of this work, which

is even more readily distinguished from our plant by its

polyadelphous stamens, its glabrous ovary, and its leaves

with tufts of pubescence at the axils of the main-nerves

on the under surface of the leaves. While still quite

young all the species of Stewartia enjoy an admixture of

peat with the soil in which they are grown, though this

1s not essential if the soil be light, warm and loamy and

if it be free from lime. In the absence of seeds, the

Stewartias may be propagated by summer cuttings.

Desortetion.— Shrub or small tree 15 to 80 ft. high ; young shoots densely

clothed with fine hairs. Leaves deciduous, usually oval, sometimes ovate-

oblong, acuminate, cuneate at the base, finely serrate; 14-4 in. long, 3-1} in.

wide; ciliate, bright green on both surfaces, the upper furnished at first with

scattered appressed hairs, the lower glabrous except on the midrib and chief

nerves; petiole hairy,}-1 in. long. Flowers solitary, about 2in. wide, produced

in July from the leaf-axils of the young shoots; peduncle stout, hairy, } in.

long. Sepals 5, ovate, acute, entire or sparsely serrulate, 2-8 in. long, ciliate,

silky-hairy towards the base outside, persistent. Petals 5, white, coherent at

the base, obovate-orbicular, about 1 in. long, ? in. wide, silky-pubescent outside.

Stamens many, monadelphous ; filaments hairy at the base; anthers yellow.

Ovary ovoid, 5-celled, densely hirsute; style simple, glabrous ; stigmas 5,

radiating, recurved. Capsule distinctly 5-angled, woody, % in. in diameter,

pilose; seeds brown, compressed, winged.

TAB, 8778.—Fig. 1, calyx and pistil ; 2 and 8, anthers ; 4, transverse section

of ovary; 5, fruit; 6, a ripe carpel, laid open :—all enlarged, except 5 and 6,

which are of natural size,

8779

ete to

Vincent Brooks,Day& SonLtdim

MS. del. JNFitch lith

L.Reeve &C°London.

Tas. 8779.

‘CEREUS TuniLua.

Costa Rica.

CacTACEAE. Tribe EcHINOCACTEAE.

Cereus, Haw.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Plant. vol. i. p. 849.

Cereus (§ Weberocereus) Tunilla, Weber in Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Paris,

vol. viii. p. 460 (1902); K. Schum. Gesamb. Kakt. Nachtr. p. 60;

a C, Biolleyi, Weber, caulibus latioribus et aculeatis differt.

Fruticulus subrepens, ramosus, parce radicans, Caules subgraciles, tetragoni,

raro trigoni vel pentagoni, virides, angulis obtusis; pulvilli circiter 1°5 cm.

sejuncti; aculei 3-5 mm. longi, divaricati, graciles vel crassiusculi. Flores .

laterales, solitarii, patentes, circiter 6 cm. longi. Calycts tubus circiter

1 em. latus, basi copiose setosus; lobi oblongi, subobtusi, patentes,

2-2°5 cm. longi, pallide brunnei; squamae quam calycis lobi breviores,

acutae, reflexae. Petala elliptico-oblonga, obtusa, subpatentia, numerosa,

lilacino-rosea. Stamina numerosa, inclusa; antherae oblongae, flavae.

Stylus inclusus. Bacca elongata, setoso-spinosa, flava, edulis.—Webero-

cereus Tunilla, Britton & Rose in U.S. Dept. Agric. Contrib. Nat. Hist.

vol, xii. p. 481. Cereus Gonzalezti, Weber in Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Paris,

vol. viii. p. 460; K. Schum. Gesamb. Kakt. Nachtr. p. 60.—R. A. Rours.

The attractive species now described is a native of

Costa Rica. It was presented to the Kew collection in

1913 by Mr. C. H. Lankester. Since its arrival it has

thriven well in the Cactus House at Kew. It produced

flowers for the first time in October, 1917, when the

accompanying figure was prepared. The study of species

of the Cactus family presents several difficulties. Owing

to the trouble experienced in preserving them satisfac-

torily they are, as a rule, but imperfectly represented in

herbaria. Their determination from descriptions unac-

companied by drawings or photographs is often some-

what uncertain. Even where there are ample material and

adequately illustrated descriptions, students of the family

often are beset with doubts as regards the delimitation

not only of the species themselves, but also of the genera

to which they should be referred. In the present

instance all the difficulties alluded to have been encoun-

OcroBeR--DECEMBER, 1918.

tered. There is no specimen in the herbarium at Kew

with which our plant may be exactly matched. Although

Mr. Lankester has not supplied any note as to the local

name of this plant, we believe it to be that known in

Costa Rica as the Tunilla, which is stated to bear an

elongated, spinose edible fruit and fragrant flowers, and

has been described by Dr. Weber as Cereus Tunilla. At

all events the plant figured accords well with Weber’s

account of the Tunilla and still better, perhaps, with the

description given by the same author of Cereus Gonzalezii,

a closely allied one subsequently regarded by Professor

Schumann as merely a form of the Tunilla. This verdict

of Schumann has been accepted by Dr. Britton and

Dr. Rose, though these authors have deviated from both

Weber and Schumann in that they regard the Tunilla as

the type of a distinct genus on which they have bestowed

the name Weberocereus. Whether our plant really be the

Tunilla or not, it accords so well in essentials with

Cereus that we have felt it desirable to retain it in that

genus. The original type of Cereus Tunilla was found

growing on an oak in the village of Tablon near Cartago,

at a little over 6,000 feet above sea-level ; that. or

C. Gonzalezii was collected at Pacayo, at a similar

elevation. If, as we believe, the plant figured be Cereus

Tunilla, the present is not the first occasion of its intro-

duction to European collections; a young plant, grafted

upon the Mexican Cereus nycticalus, Link, is reported to

have blossomed at Paris in October, 1901.

Descriprion.— Shrub of small size, with branched more or less creeping

stems, emitting a few aerial roots. Shoots rather slender, green, usually

4-angled, rarely 3- or 5-angled, angles blunt ; spine-cushions about 2 in. apart ;

spines 4-3 in. long, divaricate, slender to rather stout. Flowers lateral,

solitary, spreading, about 2} in. long. Calyx brownish; tube about 1 in. wide,

copiously setose near the base; lobes oblong, rather blunt, spreading, #-1 in.

long; scales shorter than the calyx-lobes, acute, reflexed. Petals elliptic-

oblong, blunt, somewhat spreading, numerous, rose-lilac. Stamens many,

included ; anthers oblong, yellow. Style included. Frwit elongated, setosely

spinescent, yellow, edible. ee

Tas. 8779.—Fig. 1, pulvinus with spines; 2 and 3, spines; 4 and 5, stamens:

—all enlarged,

MS. del INFitch Lith.

L Reeve &C °London

‘Tas. S7&0.

ODONTOGLOSSUM prRAEVISUm.

Colombia.

ORCHIDACEAE, Tribe VANDEAE,

Oponroctossum, H. B. et K.; Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 561.

Odontoglossum praevisum, Rolfe in Orch. Rev. 1904, p. 176; 1915, pp. 101,

155; hybrida inter O. glorioso, Lindl. et Reichb. f., et O. Lindleyano,

Reichb. f., artefacta.

Herba epiphytica. Pseudobulbi aggregati, ellipsoideo-oblongi, 5-7 cm. longi,

2°5-8 em. lati, apice diphylli. Folia ligulata, subobtusa, recurva,

25-830 em. longa, 2°5-8 em. lata. Inflorescentia lateralis, paniculata,

80-40 cm. longa, multiflora; bracteae ovatae, cucullato-concavae, 0°5-

0-7 cm. longae; pedicelli graciles, cirea 2 cm. longi. Flores mediocres,

flavi, brunneo-maculati. Sepala et petala patentia, lanceolata, acuminata,

subundulata, 2°5-3 cm. longa. Labellum late unguiculatum; unguis

erectus, conduplicato-concavus, 1 cm. longus; limbus patens, deltoideo-

ovatus, acuminatissimus, undulatus, subconvexus, circiter 2 cm. longus,

apice recurvus; discus crista erecta biloba puberula instructus. Colwmna

clavata, 1:5 em. longa; alae falcato-lineares, acuminatae, circiter 3 mm.

longae.—R. A. Roure.

Since the introduction, more than half a century ago,

of O. crispum, Lindl., orchid growers have found that,

among their plants of repeated importations, occasional

examples, on coming into blossom, prove to belong to one

or another of three species other than O. crispum. This

is not surprising. Mr. Rolfe has shown (Orchid Review,

vol. i. p. 277) that, in the district of Bogota in Colombia,

0. gloriosum, Lindl. & Reichb. £., O. Lindleyanum, Reichb.

f., and O. luteopurpureum, occur naturally in association

with QO. crispum, and the casual inclusion of one or other

of the three in what was believed to be an unmixed

parcel of O. crispum is intelligible. What has been more

puzzling to growers has been the occurrence among their

plants of forms that on flowering proved to be unlike any

of the four species named. Their intermediate characters

suggested that such forms must be of hybrid origin, though

their precise parentage has often been in doubt. When

dealing with these hybrids Mr. Rolfe pointed out that

OcropeR-DEcEMBER, 1918.

although they did not include a cross between 0.

gloriosum and O. Lindleyanum, an instance might be

anticipated, and a plant which flowered in 1904 in the

collection of Mr. W. Thompson, Walton Grange, Stone,

exhibited characters that led Mr. Stevens, his gardener,

to conclude that it must be this natural hybrid. The

characters of the plant induced Mr. Rolfe to adopt the

conclusion of Mr. Stevens and to describe the form as

QO. praevisum. In order to confirm the parentage of

the supposed hybrid, an opportunity was taken to cross

O. gloriosum and O, Lindleyanum. Several seedlings, of

which O. gleriosum was the seed-parent, were secured,

and the first of these to flower did so at Kew in March,

1915, when our drawing was made. As compared with

the natural hybrid, that now figured has a brighter yellow

ground-colour, and shows more of the influence of the

female parent. It is of interest to note that O. Wilcke-

anum, Reichb. f., a natural hybrid between O. crispum

and QO. luteopurpureum, and O. Conradinei, Reichb. f., a

natural hybrid between 0. crispum and O. Lindleyanum

have now both been raised artificially ; also that

QO. Adrianae, Lindl., a plant from another locality in

Colombia, where 0. crispum grows in company with

O. Hunnewellianum, Rolfe, has been shown by Mr. Rolfe

from crosses effected at Kew to be a natural hybrid

between these two species. Cultivated under the con-

ditions suitable for its parents, 0. praevisum thrives as

satisfactorily as they do. |

Description.—Herb, epiphytic. Pseudobulbs clustered, ellipsoid-oblong,

2-3 in. long, 1-1} in, wide, 2-foliate. Leaves ligulate, rather blunt, recurved,

10-12 in. long, 1-1} in. wide, Inflorescence lateral, panicled, 12-16 in. long,

many-flowered ; bracts ovate, very concave, about } in. long; pedicels slender,

about ¢ in. long. Flowers medium-sized, yellow with brown blotches. Sepals

and petals spreading, lanceolate, acuminate, somewhat wavy, 1-1} in. long.

Lip wide-clawed ; claw erect, hollow conduplicate, 2 in. long; limb spreading,

deltoid-ovate, slightly concave, very acuminate, margin wavy, tip recurved ;

disk with an erect 2-lobed puberulous crest. Column clavate, 2in. long; wings

falcate-linear, acuminate, about 2 in, long.

Tas, 8780.—Fig. 1, lip; 2, column, showing the falcate wings :—both enlarged.

878)

LEE GJ

MS del JNFitch ith. Vincent Brooks, Day & SonLt"imp.

L Reeve &C 91, ondon

Tas. §781.

BERBERIS BEAnIANA.

Szechuan.

BERBERIDACEAE. Tribe BERBEREAE.

Berseris, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 43.

Berberis Beaniana, Schneider in Sargent, Plant. Wils. vol. iii. p. 439 ; species

inter congeneres fructibus purpureis insignis vix arcte cum quaquam aliarum

specierum conveniens.

Frutexr erecta, densiuscula, 2-3-metralis; novelli brunneo-rubescentes, glabri,

obsolete angulati, spinis gracilibus 3-fidis subtus canaliculatis 1°2-2°5 cm.

longis armati; nodi inter se 2°5-4cm. remoti. Folia decidua, ang in

fasciculos 5-8-folios aggregata, elliptico-lanceolata, acuta in apiculum pun-

gentem abeuntia, basi cuneata, margine nunc integra nunc dentibus

utrinsecus 2-12 serrata, supra intense viridia, subtus glaucescentia, 2-5 cm.

longa, 8-12 mm. lata. Florzs intense lutei, 6 mm. lati, ineunte aestate in

paniculas axillares corymbosas 10-20-flores, 4-5 cm. longas dispositi;

pedicelli graciles, glabri, 6-15 mm. longi. Sepala 9, exteriora 3 ovata, -

minuta, interiora 6 maiora, plus minusve rotundata, cucullata, 4 mm. longa.

Petala 6, obovata, apice marginata. Stamina 6, petalis breviora. Ovariwnt

oblongo-ellipticum, stigmate sessile rotundato coronatum. Fructus

ovoideo-ellipsoideus, 9 mm. longus, laete purpureus, pruinosus. Semina 2,

4 mm. longa, ovoidea, compressa.—W. J. BEAN.

{

The handsome Berberis here described and figured was

purchased for the Kew Collection from Messrs. J. Veitch

and Sons, Coombe Wood, in 1913. It had been raised

from seed collected for the firm by Mr. E. H. Wilson in

Western Szechuan, China, in 1904, and may be grown

in various gardens under Wilson’s seed-number, 1930.

The Kew examples flowered for the first time in June,

1914, and developed an abundant crop of its richly

coloured fruits in the autumn of that year. Since then

the plants have flowered and fruited freely, and now

form bushes six to eight feet high. Being without a

name, flowering and fruiting material of the species was

sent to the Arnold Aboretum, where it has been examined

by Dr. Schneider, who has described it as a new species,

observing when so doing that “this is a very distinct

species of which the taxonomic position is yet unknown.

* Ocroper-Decemper, 1918, 2

As a shrub for gardens B. Beaniana promises to be one

of the most attractive of the many new Chinese bar-

berys, especially as an ornamental fruit-bearer. It is

evidently quite hardy; its flowers are of a rich deep

yellow, and its fruits are of a fine purple and very

plentiful. The seed it produces so copiously ought soon

to give plants sufficient to make it wide-spread in

gardens,

Descriprion,—Shrub, ultimately 8-10 ft. high, of erect rather dense habit ;

young shoots reddish-brown, glabrous, obscurely angled, armed with slender

trifid spines 4-1 in, long and grooved on the underside; nodes 1-1} in. apart.

Leaves deciduous, glabrous, fasciculate, 5-8 in a fascicle, elliptic-lanceolate,

acute, spine-tipped, cuneate at the base, margins sometimes entire, but usually

serrate and with from 2-12 spiny teeth at each side, dark green above, rather

glaucous beneath, 3-2 in, long, 4-} in. wide. Flowers rich yellow, } in. wide,

produced in June ten to twenty together from the leaf axils in corymbose

Tas. 8781.—Fig. 1, flower-bud 3 2, flower; 3, petal, seen from within, and

stamen ; 4 and 5, stamens; 6, pistil :—all enlarged.

8782

Vincent Brooks,Day&Son Lt mp.

MS del. INFitch lith

L.Reeve &C°London.

Tap. 8782.

DIASCIA ALicrIaA£.

South A frica.

ScRoPHULARIACEAE,. Tribe HEMIMERIDEAE.

Duascia, Link et Otto; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 931.

Diascia Aliciae, Hiern in Dyer, Fl. Cap. vol. iv. sect. 2, p. 155; species

D. Burchellii, Benth., proxima, sed foliis acutis vel apiculatis, corollae

calcaribus longioribus differt.

Herba perennis, usque ad *75 m. alta, inflorescentia excepta glaberrima, diffuse

ramosa. Caules adscendentes, quadrangulares, anguste 4-alati, 4-6 mm.

diametro. Folia opposita, decussata, petiolata, ovata, apice acuta vel

apiculata, basi rotundata, dentato-serrata, 3-5 cm. longa, 3-4°5 cm. lata;

petiolus ‘5-1°5 cm. longus, anguste alatus. Racemz terminales, laxi,

multiflori, 5-25 em. longi. Bracteae ovatae, acuminatae, integerrimae vel

basi paucidenticulatae, 4-7 mm. longae. Pedicelli erecto-patentes, graciles,

-5-1°5 em. longi, glanduloso-pubescentes. Calyx 5-partitus, 3-4 mm.

longus, parce glanduloso-pubescens ; segmenta subaequalia, lineari-lanceo-

lata, circiter *75 mm. lata. Corolla pallide rosea, basi labiorum maculis

rubescentibus ornata, intra saccum viridescens, parce glanduloso-pubescens ;

tubus brevissimus, latus, postice saccatus, antice bicalcaratus ; limbus

bilabiatus, circiter 1°5 cm. longus et 1°3 cm. latus H labium posticum

breviter bilobum; lobi subquadrati, leviter recurvi, circiter 2 mm.

diametro; labium anticum trilobum ; lobi laterales suborbiculares, patentes

vel recurvi, 3 mm. diametro; lobus intermedius patens, orbicularis,

7-8 mm. diametro, basi papillis minutis purpureis instructus ; calcaria

6-7 mm. longa, sub lobo intermedio labii antici incurva. Stamina 4,

inclusa, 2°5 mm. longa ; filamenta glanduloso-pubescentia ; antherae con-

niventes vel cohaerentes. Ovariwm anguste ovoideum, glabrum;_ stylus

crassiusculus, staminibus subaequilongus; stigma obscure bilobum.

Capsula ellipsoidea, 3-4 mm. longa, 1°6 mm. lata.—S. A. Skan.

The genus Diascia includes some fifty species, all of

them natives of South Africa. Most of them are without

horticultural value, and the only species, other than

D. Aliciae here figured, known in European gardens is

D. Barberae, Hook. f., which was introduced in 1870 and

is figured at t. 5933 of this work. The species now

described was discovered in 1903 in the Kentani district

of the Transkei by Miss Alice Pegler, who met with it in

damp sheltered spots at about 1,500 feet above sea-level.

The material for our plate has been provided by plants

OcroBER-DECEMBER, 1918.

raised at Kew from seed received in 1915 from the late

Professor Pearson, Cape Town. Grown in an outside

border during the summer, they flowered freely in 1916.

At Kew the plant is not hardy and has not ripened seeds;

propagation is, however, easily effected by means of

cuttings. Its nearest ally is D. Burchellii, Hiern, which

also occurs in the Transkei but extends thence westward

to near Cape Town; this latter species has not yet been

introduced, and is unlikely to prove more effective

horticulturally than that now figured, which as a decora-

tive plant, although not without charm, is much inferior

to the better known D. Barberae. If the flowers of

D. Barberae and D. Aliciae be compared it will be

observed that in both species the filaments of the lower

and longer pair of stamens form a loop through which

the two upper stamens are deflected, the anthers of the

latter being thus placed on the lower side, the four

being connivent or coherent round the tip of the style.

But whereas in D. Aliciae the style and anthers are

appressed to the upper lip across the sac at its base, in

D. Barberae they are diverted towards the median lobe of

the lower lip and stand between the mouths of the spurs.

_ Desoription.—Herb, perennial, up to 2} ft. high, all parts except the

inflorescence glabrous, diffusely branched. Stems ascending, 4-angled and

narrowly 4-winged, 1-1 in. thick, Leaves opposite, decussate, petioled, ovate,

acute or apiculate, rounded at the base, dentate-serrate, 1}-2 in. long, 14-14 in.

wide ; petiole 1-2 in, long, narrowly winged. Racemes terminal, lax, many-

flowered, 2-10 in. long; bracts ovate, acuminate, entire or sparingly denti-

culate at the base, 1-2 in. long; pedicels slightly Spreading, slender, 1-3

in. long, glandular-pubescent. Calyx 5-partite, 1-1 in. long, sparingly

glandular-pubescent ; Segments nearly equal, linear-lanceolate, very short.

Corolla pale rose, with darker blotches at the base of each lip, greenish

inside the pouch, sparingly glandular-pubescent; tube wide, very short,

pouched behind and 2-spurred in front; limb 2-labiate, about 2 in. long

and } in, across ; upper lip shortly 2-lobed, the lobes somewhat quadrate and

slightly recurved, 3, in. wide; lower lip 8-lobed, the lateral lobes almost

orbicular, spreading and recurved, the mid-lobe Spreading, orbicular, nearly |

3 in. wide, with minute purple papillae at the base; spurs about 1 in. long,

incurved under the mid-lobe of the lower lip. Stamens 4, included, ;); in. long ;

filaments glandular-pubescent ; anthers connivent or cohering. Ovary narrow-

ovoid, glabrous ; style rather stout, almost as long as the stamens; stigma

indistinctly 2-lobed. Capsule ellipsoid, about 3 in. long, ¥); in. wide.

Tan. 8782.—Fig. 1, a flower seen from below; 2, the same, from above;

8B, ovary with a portion of the calyx; 4, stamens and base of corolla; 5, anther

with portion of its filament :—ail enlarged,

8783

a ener

2 a

iat mp

r& SonLt

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Day

Vincent Brooks

@ &CU PLondon.

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Tas. 8783.

MESEMBRYANTHEMUM EpULE.

South Africa,

FicomeaE. Tribe MESEMBRYANTHEMEAE.

MEsEMBRYANTHEMUM, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. i. p. 853.

Mesembryanthemum (§ Acinaciformia) edule, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, p. 695;

Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, vol. ii. p. 190; Haw. Obs, Mesemb. p. 892; Brongn.

in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 3, vol. xviii. p. 284, 250, t. 10, fig. 25-28; Harv. et

Sond. Fl. Cap. vol. iii. p. 412; Bolus et Wolley-Dod in Trans. S. Afr.

Phil. Soc. vol. xiv. p. 265; Berger, Mesemb. pp. 2038, 204, fig. 40, 1-5;

Marloth, Pl. S. Afr. vol. i. p. 208, t. 50, fig. A, etiam in textu, fig. 92 ;

N. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1885, vol. xxiv. pp. 145, 266; J. Hutchinson im

Gard. Chron. 1917, vol. Ixii. p. 31; species a M,. acinaciforme, Linn.,

foliis subaequaliter triquetris oblongis nee obovato-oblongis, et floribus flavis

vel senescentibus carneis nec violaceo-rubris statim distinguenda.

Herba succulenta, valde ramosa, procumbens vel pendula, 0°5-1 m. longa,

ramulis crasiusculis angulatis. Folia opposita, sessilia, oblonga, subobtusa,

subaequaliter triquetra, subincurva, crasso-carnosa, viridia, 4-7 em. longa,

circiter 1 em. lata. Flores terminales, solitarii, 7-8 cm. diametro, primum

flavi demum carnei. Calycis tubus turbinatus, 2-2°5 cm. longus; lobi

inaequales, ovati vel oblongi, subobtusi, 2-8 cm. longi. Petala patentia,

numerosissima, lineari-oblonga, flava sed senescentia carnea. Stamina

numerosissima, brevia ; antherae lineari-oblongae, flavae. Stigmata sub-

sessilia, numerosa, reflexa. Fructus turbinatus, grandis, edulis.—M.

acinaciforme, var. flavum, Linn. Sp. Plant. ed.il, p. 485, M. falcatum

majus jlore amplo luteo, Dill. Hort. Eltham, p. 283, t. 212, fig. 272 (1782).

M. sive Flos meridianus Africanus triangulari folio frutescens maximus

procumbens fructu turbinato edule flore luteo, Breyn. Prodr. vol. ii. p. 67

(1689). Chrysanthemum Aizooides Africanus triangulari folio flore aureo,

Breyn. Exot. Pl. cent. i. p. 163 (1678).—R. A. RoLFE.

No Mesembryanthemum to be met with in succulent col-

lections is more handsome than the Jong known /. edule,

figured here from material obtained by Mr. J. Hutchinson

on the face of an old quarry at the entrance to Caerthillian

Valley in Cornwall, where it is thoroughly naturalised in

company with the Australian and Chilian species M. aequi-

laterale, Haw. A native of South Africa, J. edule,

in most parts of Britain, requires the protection of a

greenhouse during winter. But in certain localities in

Cornwall, South Devon and Jersey, it is now established

OcropeR—DecemBER, 1918.

as an alien, and in those parts of the United Kingdom

with a similar climate the species is hardy and is seen to

best advantage when planted along the top of a low wall

and allowed to hang down. It thrives best if planted

in poor sandy soil, and may be propagated with ease

by cuttings taken at any season. The nearest ally of

M. edule is another Cape species, MV. acinaciforme, Linn.,

figured at t. 5539 of this work. The two ‘are readily

distinguished, when alive, by their differently coloured

flowers and their differently shaped leaves. As seen in

dried specimens, however, they are not always easily dis-

criminated, and when Linnaeus enumerated both in 1753

he regarded them as varieties of one species. Ten years

later Linnaeus recognised the species now described as

distinct, and this judgment has never since been chal-

lenged. M. edule and M. acinaciforme, together with the

somewhat similar M. aequilaterale which, however, is

confined to the Pacific coasts of America and to Australia,

but does not occur in §. Africa, were grouped by

Haworth in the section Acinaciformia, which, as Marloth

points out, differs from all other sections of the genus in

bearing fleshy fruits—in the S. African species known as

Zuurvygen or Hottentot figs—with numerous small seeds

embedded in a subacid edible pulp; in other sections

the fruits are dry capsules. The cultural history of

M. edule began long before it received that name. In

1732 it was, as a figure by Dillenius shows, in the garden

of Sherard at Eltham. Moreover it was, as Dillenius

knew, in the Breynian collection ; Breyn tells us it was

in his garden in Holland in 1668.

Description.—Herb, succulent, much branched, prostrate or pendulous,

2-4 ft. long, with rather stout angular branches. Leaves opposite, sessile,

oblong, rather blunt, more or less 3-gonous, somewhat incurved, thickly fleshy,

green, 17-3 in. long, over} in. wide. Flowers terminal, solitary, about 8 in.

across, yellow when they open, changing later to flesh-coloured. Calyx with a

turbinate tube, 3-1 in. long; lobes ovate or oblong, rather blunt, unequal,

#-l} in. long. Petals Spreading, very many, linear-oblong. Stamens very

many, short; anthers linear-oblong, yellow. Stigmas subsessile, numerous,

reflexed. Fruit turbinate large, edible,

Tax. 8783.—Fig. 1, stamen seen from in front ; 2, the same, seen from behind ;

3, section of calyx-tube, showing stamens and stigmas :—all enlarged.

Vincent Brooks Day &Son Indimp.

Tas. 8784.

RHODODENDRON OREOTREPHES.

Yunnan.

ERIcackaAE. Tribe RHODOREAE.

Ruopopenpron, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. p. 599.

Rhododendron oreotrephes, W. W. Sm. in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb.

vol. viii. p. 201 (1914); Millais, ‘Rhodod. p. 221 (1917); species

R. stereophyllo, Balt. f. et Smith, et R. apiculato, Rehd. et Wils., affinis ;

ab illo ramulis fere laevibus nec lepidotis, foliisque supra glabris, ab hoc

foliis majoribus ellipticis vix conspicue apiculatis differt.

Frutex vel arbor usque ad 8 m. alta (Forrest) ; ramuli annotini nitidi, glabri»

' brunnescentes, hornotini parce peltato-glandulosi. Folia parva, late

elliptica, utrinque rotundata, apice obtuse mucronata, 3-4°5 cm. longa,

rigide coriacea, supra glabra, fusco-viridia, infra glauca, dense glanduloso-

squamosa, nervis inconspicuis ; petioli 8-10 mm. longi, supra suleati, infra

transverse rugosi, minute et parce squamigeri vel fere glabri. Inflorescentia

terminalis, circiter 6-flora; pedicelli 1-2 cm. longi, parce lepidoti. Calyx

obsoletus, circiter 1 mm. longus, undulatus, extra laxe lepidotus. Corolla

saepius rosea, late infundibuliformis; tubus 2 cm. longus, extra glaber,

intus minute puberulus ; lobi 5, patuli, late ovato-orbiculares, 2°5 cm.

longi, apice rotundati. «Stamina 10, corolla fere aequilonga; filamenta

inaequalia, basin versus parce pubescentia ; antherae 2°5 mm. longae,

ochraceae. Ovarium 5-loculare, dense squamigerum ; stylus exsertus,

glaber, 8°5 cm. longus, stigmate 5-lobulato coronatus.—J. HuTcHINSON.

The species now figured, Rhododendron oreotrephes, 18 &

native of Yunnan, where it was discovered by Mr. G.

Forrest on the eastern flank of the Li-Kiang range at

altitudes of 11,000-12,000 feet, growing in company with

several other species of Rhododendron, and forming a

tree fifteen to twenty-five feet high. The material for

our plate has been received from Mr. J. C. Williams, in

whose collection at Caerhays Castle, Cornwall, it thrives

remarkably well, and where, Mr. Williams informs us, it

is easy to grow if given a fairly exposed situation. It

bears exposure to the sun at Caerhays better than most

Rhododendrons, but Mr. Williams has found individual

plants die very suddenly from no evident cause, and has

experienced this more frequently with &. oreotrephes

Ocroper-DEceMBER, 1918.

than with other species of the genus. At Kew the

species is evidently perfectly hardy. It passed through

the winter of 1916-17, notwithstanding the severity of

the conditions to which it was exposed, with as little

injury as any Chinese Rhododendron. At Caerhays

Mr. Williams finds that the flowers have a considerable

range of colour, the shades varying a good deal in value;

the form of the blossom varies also in individual plants.

At Kew it flowers freely, and produces seed from which

young plants have been raised. The most striking

feature of R. orevtrephes is, however, the beauty of the

foliage, due to the bloom on the underside of the leaves.

In Cornwall, Mr. Williams remarks, the foliage of many

of his plants is, at a particular stage of growth, among

the most brilliant of any plant seen in the south-west of

England, recalling the colour of the leaves of the sea-

hollies. In the neighbourhood of London this character

is far less striking. As yet none of the plants in cultivation

have attained the dimensions noted by Mr. Forrest for

the wild plant in China. In situations otherwise suitable

it is best planted on a slope, so that the glaucous hue of

its young leaves may be seen from below. Asa practical

point, Mr. Williams observes that rabbits eat this

Rhododendron more than they do most shrubs.

Descriprion.— Shrub or, in the wild state, a tree up to 25 ft. high; new

shoots sparingly beset with peltate glands, in their second year shining,

glabrous and brownish. Leaves small, wide elliptic, rounded at apex and base,

and at the apex bluntly mucronate, 1}-1{ in. long, 2-1} in. wide, firmly

coriaceous, glabrous and tawny green above, beneath glaucous, densely clothed

with glandular scales, the nerves indistinct ; petiole 3-2 in. long, channelled

above, transversely rugose beneath, finely and sparingly lepidote or nearly

glabrous. Inflorescence terminal, about 6-flowered ; pedicels 31-3 in. long,

sparingly lepidote. Calyx obsolete or very small and with undulate margin,

sparingly lepidote outside. Corolla usually rose but sometimes variously

flushed with lilae or lavender, wide funnel-shaped ; tube # in. long, glabrous

outside, finely puberulous within; lobes 5, spreading, wide ovate-orbicular,

1 in. long, rounded to the tip. Stamens 10, nearly as long as the corolla;

filaments unequal, Sparingly pubescent towards the base; anthers ,); in. long,

yellow. Ovary 5-celled densely lepidote ; ; in.

long ; stigma 5-lobed, ’ y Jepidote; style exserted, glabrous, over 1} in

Tas. 8784.—Fig. 1, apex of a leaf; 2, calyx and pistil; 8 and 4, stamens;

5, anther ; 6, ov. , in transverse section eh Galeroad, : ;

8785

timp

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sondon.*

Reeve & C9]

Tas. 8785.

BULBOPHYLLUM Hame tint.

Madagascar.

ORCHIDACEAE. Tribe EpIpENDREAE.

Buipopuytitum, Thouars; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Plant. vol. iii. p. 501.

Bulbophyllum Hamelinii, Rolfe in Orch. Rev. 1902, p, 284; ibid. 1904, p. 268 ;

species insignis, pseudobulbis latis et valde compressis, foliis et inflores-

centiis magnis distincta.

Herba epiphytica, grandis; rhizoma breve, validum, lignosum. Pseudobulbi

_sessiles, aggregati,! obcordato-orbiculares, valde compressi, 7-10 cm.

diametro, basi vaginis ovatis acutis imbricatis obtecti, apice diphylli.

Folia elliptica vel obovato-elliptica, obtusa, 40-75 cm. longa, 7-12 cm.

lata, valde coriacea, basi subattenuata. Scapi axillares, arcuati, validi,

40-75 cm. longi, vaginis numerosis spathaceis imbricatis obtecti; racemi

subpenduli, 10-14 cm. longi, densiflori; bracteae late ovatae, subobtusae,

concavae, 1°3-1°8 cm. longae; pedicelli validi, 0°5 cm. longi. lores

mediocres, numerosi, purpureo-suffusi et maculati, labello atropurpureo.

Sepalum posticum elliptico-ovatum, 1°2 cm. longum, apice recurvum et

subobtusum ; sepala lateralia ovata, acuta, concava, 1:2 cm. longa, basi

connata. Petala deltoideo-subulata, acuta, 4 mm. longa. Labellum

elliptico-oblongum, subobtusum, recurvum, carnosum, 0-7 cm. longum,

facie et margine papillosum; discus bicarinatus. Colwmna lata, 4 mm.

longa; dentes triangulares subacuti, 1 mm. longi.—R. A. Ro.re.

Bulbophyllum Hamelinii was first found in Madagascar

a quarter of a century ago. Living plants were sent by

Mr. Hamelin to Messrs. Sander and Sons, St. Albans,

and in 1893 a note in “Garden and Forest” (p. 336)

detailed the leading features of the species—its large

size, its curious pseudobulbs “ like some great flat marine

shell,” its erect scape “thick as one’s finger” and a foot

and a half long, and the large number of flower-scars

along the upper portion of the scape. When that note

was written the flowers had not been seen, and it was

not until August, 1902, that a plant acquired by the

Royal Botanic Garden, Glasnevin, produced an inflores-

cence which enabled a description of the flowers to be

prepared. The note from Sir F. W. Moore which accom-

panied this inflorescence indicated that the plant hardly

OcropeR-DECEMBER, 1918.

_ fulfilled the expectations its size had led growers to form.

This note refers to the disagreeable odour characteristic

of this interesting plant, which is not closely allied to

any other known Bulbophyllum, and is readily distin-

guished from all the cultivated species by its obcordate-

orbicular, compressed pseudobulbs, concave on one face,

convex on the other, and closely flattened against the

thick climbing rootstock. The Glasnevin plant of

B. Hamelinii blossomed again in 1904. Another plant,

obtained for Kew from Messrs. Sander, flowered for the

first time in August, 1916, when our plate was prepared.

In August, 1917, a third plant, part of the collection of

the late Sir Trevor Lawrence, presented to Kew by

Lady Lawrence in 1914, also flowered for the first time.

Both Kew plants thrive well in a tropical house in

baskets of peat and sphagnum suspended from the roof.

They require abundant water whilst making their growth

in autumn. Though &. Hamelinii has no near allies it

resembles in its carrion-like odour the Bornean /. Beccarii,

Reichb. f., figured at t. 6567 of this work. When the

original consignment of B. [amelinii reached this country,

no precise habitat was recorded, but a fruiting specimen

collected by Mr. Warpur, which reached Kew in 1900,

is noted as being from a forest at Tanabe.

Description.—Herb, large, epiphytic; rootstock short, stout, woody ;

pseudobulbs sessile, clustered, obcordate-orbicular, much compressed, 3-4 in.

across, clothed at the base with ovate, acute, imbricate sheaths ; 2-foliate.

Leaves elliptic or obovate-elliptic, blunt, 14-2} ft. long, 3-5 in. wide, very

firmly leathery, rather narrowed towards the base. Scapes axillary, in flower

curved, in fruit nearly erect, stout, 13-23 ft. long, clothed with numerous

spathaceous imbricate sheaths; raceme somewhat drooping, 4-5 in. long,

dense-flowered ; bracts wide ovate, rather blunt, concave, }—} in. long; pedicels

stout, 2 in. long. Flowers medium-sized, numerous, suffused and blotched

with purple and with a dark-purple lip. Sepals: posterior elliptic-ovate,

3 in. long, with a recurved rather blunt tip; lateral ovate, acute, concave, } in.

long, connate below. Petals deltoid-subulate, acute, in. long. Lip elliptic-

oblong, rather blunt, recurved, fleshy, nearly

+ in. long, papillose on the surface

and margin; disk 2-keeled. Colwmn broad, s in. long; teeth triangular, some-

what acute, very short.

Tas. 8785.—Fig. 1, flower; 2, petal; 38, lip; 4, column; 5, anther-cap ;

6, pollinia; 7, sketch of the entire plant :—all enlarged except 7, which is

much reduced,

INDEX

To Vol. XLV. (1918) of the Fourrs Ssrtss, or Vol. CXLIV.

of the whole Work. 7

8746 Agave fourcroydes.

8770 Alnus firma, var. Yasha.

8758 Angraecum gracilipes.

8751 Asparagus falcatus.

8781 Berberis Beaniana.

8785 Bulbophyllum Hamelinii.

8761 - sociale.

8779 Cereus Tunilla.

8782 Diascia Aliciae.

8748 Hcheveria setosa.

8755 Erlangea aggregata.

8766 Gongora latisepala.

8768 Govenia tingens.

8760 Howea Belmoreana.

8773 Hypericum _ laeve,

rubra.

8745 Indigofera pendula.

8769 Linum elegans.

8744 Macodes Sanderiana.

8757 Malus Sargentii.

8763 Melicytus ramiflorus.

8783 Mesembryanthemum edule.

87763 a Elishae.

87764 ra fulviceps.

forma

8756 Monadenium erubescens.

8780 Odontoglossum praevisum.

8743 s lanceolatus.

8742 Paeonia peregrina.

8749 Petunia integrifolia.

8772 Polystachya Pobeguinii.

8752 Primula anisodora.

8777 ~=—+,, \~—«sinopurpurea.

8762 “ sylvicola.

8743 Pteridophyllum racemosum.

8765 Ramondia serbica.

8767 Rhododendron argyrophyl-

lum, var. leiandrum.

8750 Rhododendron __brachyan-

thum.

8775 Rhododendron orbiculare.

8784 oe oreotrephes.

8747 ” prostratum.

8759 i‘ siderophyllum.

8774 Scabiosa Hookeri.

8764 Sophora japonica.

8771 Stewartia serrata.

8778 is sinensis.

8754 Zanthoxylum planispinum.

Crown. v0. ‘Price s/6 net,

~ JOTTINGS Pi GENTLEMAN “GARDENER. 7

fs A Practical Guide to Flower Gardening for Amateur Gardeners; to ~

Re whieh is’ added some. Suggestions on Growing Food Plants welt: a

“the War. £0

By BT. ELLIS, F.RHS.

“A Garden is a place for flowers, & place where one may Tostor & passion for ;

Joveliness, may learn the magic of colour, and the glory of fay. anid ee sympathy

with Nature in her isco moods.”

ABSTRACT OF CONTENTS. _Srartine K Garpex—ANNUATS, Brmnzars AND 2

PERENNIALS—COLOUR Borpers—THe Rock Ganpex—Rosrs—Bures—Wer DS). PESTS, | ns

np DISEASES—-PROPAGATION oF PLanTs—Soits aNp ManuREs AND THEI: MANAGE- ~ A

MENT — EXPERIMENT IN’ rs ee ee Vromrance Ganpunrns — ee

peLeuneee Patted i Pa rete :

+ woe ts

Fourth ‘Revised Eqition. ‘

ILLUSTRATIONS of the BRITISH FLORA.

A Series of 1315: Wood Hngravings, with dissections of ‘Britich

Plants, Drawn by W. H. Frros, F.LS,, swith additions by W. G.

... (Surrs, F.L.8. Forming an iNustrated companion to BENTHAM'S: =

Crown. 8yo.,. py. ‘Xvi. +.338. Price 9/- net.

>.’ Several new features: have ‘been introduced: in “this edition at the « Mhusteations," oy

». {neluding descriptions of the: main divisions of classification. with diagramatic illustras 9 >

~ “#ons:” In the body of the work many synonyms are now added under each illustration,

ey SEA ses the ben haits names and a an nse of ie ee: st the flower. ie

Baas

. Bs Be eek a edie ae ome 7 |

“HANDBOOK OF THE BRITISH FLORA.

A DESCRIPTION OF THE FLOWERING PLANTS AND FERNS ~ |

INDIGENOUS TO OR NATURALISED IN THE ‘BRITISH ISLES. :

: ae By GEORGE BENTHAM, FRB

| sagitions by Sir J. D. HOOKER, <; B., G.c.s. in FAS.

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