CURTIS’S

BOTANICAL MAGAZINE,

COMPRISING THE

Plants of the Ropal Gardens of Kew,

AND

OF OTHER BOTANICAL ESTABLISHMENTS IN GREAT BRITAIN ;

WITH SUITABLE DESCRIPTIONS; :

SIR JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER, -M.D., C.B., K.C.S8.L,

ERS, FS: ere.,

D.C.L. OXON., LL.D. CANTAB,, CORRESPONDENT OF THE INSTITUTE OF FRANCE,

Vom ALVI. 2

OF THE THIRD SERIES.

(Or Vol. CXVI. of the Whole Work.)

‘* When the warm sun that brings

Seed-time and harvest has returned again,

*Tis sweet to visit the still wood, where springs

The first flower of the plain.’”’

LONGFELLOW.

LONDON:

lu. REEVE & CO., 5, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.

1890. | -

GEORGE FERGUSSON WILSON, ESQ., F.BS., F.LS., &., &e.

Si Bank, Weybridge.

_ My pear Mr. Witson, \

You will, I hope, gratify me by accepting the

dedication to you, of this, the 116th Volume of the

BorayicaL Magazing, and thus enabling me to add one .

more name,and that a most worthy one, to the long list

of zealous, skilful, and disinterested devotees of horti-

culture, whose services have been commemorated in

suceessive annual issues of this work.

ee ee Believe me,

Very sincerely yours,

JOS. D. HOOKER.

Vincent, Brooks Day Soninp

Side i ALLL Me Mics AP

L Reeve & C° Landon.

M S.del, J NFtch lith

Tas. 7093..

HELIAMPHORA wvtans.

- Native of British Guiana.

Nat. Ord. SARRACENIACE.

Genus HELIAMPHORA, Benth. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 48.)

H. nutans, Benth. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xviii. p.’ 432, t. 29 (Ic. in Flore

des Serres, iterat. t. 2246-7; F. im Thurn in Trans. Linn. Soc. Ser. 2,

vol. ii. p. 263, 271.

- The remarkable plant here figured, discovered exactly

half a century ago, had up to within the last few years

been seen in a living state’ by only two naturalists, the

brothers Schomburgk. These energetic travellers, when

on a journey to determine the boundary line between

British Guiana, Brazil, and Venezuela in 1839, were the

first to make known that extraordinary castellated moun-

tain Roraima, which, rising perpendicularly from an

elevated table-land, itself 6000 feet above the sea, was.

supposed to be, as regards its summit, inaccessible. On —

the marshy Savanna at the base of the mountain they —

found a Pitcher plant, and recognizing its interest, Sir

Robert made an excellent drawing of it, which, with dried

specimens, he communicated to his friend Mr. Bentham for

description and publication. The result is an admirable

paper on Heliamphora nutans by the latter botanist, which

appeared in the year following its discovery, in the Trans-

actions of the Linnean Society. In his account of |

Heliamphora, Bentham, recognizing its close affinity im

the character of the fruit and foliage with the Sarracenias

of North America, placed it in the same Order, pointing out

at the same time great differences. Thus whilst Sarracenia

has a double pentamerous périanth, single-flowered scapes,

three-bracteolate flowers, a stigma almost unique for:

size and construction, and large dilated lids that arch

-. over the mouths of the pitchers, Heliamphora has a single

four- to six-merous (sepaline) perianth, three- to five- —

flowered scapes, unibracteate flowers, a stigma of. minute

January Ist, 1890,

size and quite simple structure, and A rudimentary lid of the

pitchers represented from a very early stage by little more

than a constriction at the apex of those organs.

Of these differences two only have been bridged over by

_ the comparatively recent discovery of a third genus of Sar-

raceniacee, namely Darlingtonia (Tab. 5920), in which the

stigma is intermediate in complexity of structure, and the

lid of the pitcher, whilst never closing that organ, under-

goes another and a very different development from either

of its co-ordinates. Turning to the fruits of the three

genera, they are essentially the same except in the structure

of the testa of the seeds, which in Sarracenia are obscurely

winged along the raphe, in Heliamphora broadly winged

all round, and in Darlingtonia wingless but clothed with

Squarrose bristles. The essential structure and functions

of the pitcher are the same in all three. genera, the in-

terior of the latter presenting detentive hairs on the upper

part, and a glandular secreting surface below.

- Viewing the relations between these three genera to

One another, the question naturally arises whether to

regard Heliamphora as a degraded, or an ancestral, member ~

of the Order. I incline to the latter view, though it points

to the surmise that the Order originated in a region now

Separated by upwards of 2000 miles from that inhabited

by any of its other members, in so far as their distribution

is known. Possibly, not probably, other Sarraceniacew~

thay exist in the little known mountain’ regions of Vene-

zuela, though such may not be expected to occur in the

volcanic areas of Central America and the West Indies,

It remains to add that Heliamphora was first re-

found by Burke, an English Orchid Collector in the

Roraima district in 1881,*who brought plants of it to

Messrs. Veitch and Sons; and that in 1884 Mr. im

Thurn collected it on the occasion of his reaching the _

supposed inaccessible summit of Roraima. In his account

of the botanical collections which he made during

that expedition (Trans. Linn; Soc. Ser. 2, ii. 263), he —

mentions Heliamphora as growing “in wide spreading —

very dense tufts in the very wettest places, where the

grass happens not to be long. The red-veined pitchers, its

delicate white flowers raised high on red-tinted stems, its

. Sturdy habit of growth, make it a pretty, little picture.

wherever it grows. But it attains its full size and best

development, not down in the swamp, but up on the ledges

of the cliff of Roraima, and even on the top (about 8000

feet).”’. :

In the above notice, Mr. im Thurn: speaks of the red-

veined pitchers, a character that has not appeared in the

cultivated plant, but which is most marked in Sir R.

-Schomburgk’s drawing, where on every pitcher are about

seven strong broad red longitudinal nerves with defined

. margins. Also in the same figure the number of perianth

segments varies from five to six, and they are very un-

- equal in size and irregular as to insertion.

The accompanying figure is from a beautiful plant

which was flowered by Messrs. Veitch in June, 1889.

The very large leaf outlined at the back, and the analyses

. of the fruit are from Herbarium specimens; the former

is of a specimen sent by Mr. im Thurn from the top of'

Roraima.—J. D. H.

* Fig. 1, Apex of pedicel and stamens; 2, stamen; 3, pistil; 4,- transverse

section of the ovary; 5, ripe capsule; 6, seed; 7, nucleus of the same cut

vertically ; 8, embryo :—all enlarged. :

VineertBroaks Day & Son hip.

M Smith del, J NFitch lith.

L Reeve & C° London.

Tas. 7094,

‘PLEUROTHALLIS opnara.

Native of Mezico. :

Nat. Ord. OncnuipEx.—Tribe EprpenDREX.

Genus Prevrotnatuis, Br.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 488.)

PLEUROTHALLIS ornata; cespitosa, acaulis, foliis parvis breviter petiolatis

ellipticis subacutis v. apice 3-denticulatis crasse coriaceis, pedunculis

foliis longioribus gracilibus, racemis‘elongatis erectis laxifloris flexuosis,

bracteis tubulosis appressis, floribus parvis pedicellatis, sepalis e basi

erecta patenti-recurvis subzequalibus ellipticis obtusis fusco-flavidis cre-

berrime rubro-maculatis appendiculis elongatis hyalinis pendulis mar-

ginatis, petalis falcatis subspathulatis obtusis, labelli ungue gracili,

limbo oblongo obtuso basi cordato disco basin versus callo compresso

instructo, coiumna superne in alam galeatam denticulatam dilatato.

P. ornata, Reichb. f in Witten. Gartenzeit. 1882, p.106; F. Oliver in Nature,

vol..xxxvi. (1887) p. 303. ‘

The genus Pleurothallis is one of the largest amongst

Orchids. In the Genera Plantarum it is credited with’

about 850 described species, and a considerable number

of undescribed. In respect of number it ranks below two

only, Hpidendrum and Habenaria, each of which boasts of

400; but when its wider range of country, minute size,

and inconspicuous flower are taken into account, it may

well be that it will eventually prove to dominate over all |

other genera of the Order. In the Catalogue of all known

names of described plants up to the year 1885, which is

being prepared at Kew for the new Nomenclator, and which

botanists will owe to the liberality of Darwin, upwards of

six hundred entries under the genus Pleuwrothallis will be

found. As might be expected, the arrangemént of so vast

a concourse of species, many of them ill or imperfectly

defined, into subordinate groups, is a matter of great

difficulty. Lindley in the “Folia Orchidacea”’ proposed

ten sections, founded almost entirely on habit, of which

go many appeared to Bentham to be unnatural combina-

tions, that on a revision of the species he has (in Gen.

Plant. iii. 488) rearranged them under seven sections.

P. ornata in Lindley’s classification. belongs to the’ —

_ © Jaxvary Ist, 1890.

‘* Anode cespitose,’ distinguished by their tufted |

absence of a rootstock, .small leaves, much excee

the scape, and long raceme of many small flowers. Lappy

in this instance Bentham’s and Lindley’s sections so far

coincide, that the latter has retained for the section, the

name Apode.. o |

Fortunately P. ornata has a character for which it may

be distinguished from all its known congeners in the ex-

quisitely beautiful silvery threads, all of equal length, that

fringe the sepals, and being attached by an almost im-

perceptible base wave with every motion of the flower

or air. These threads have been studied by Mr. Frank ~

' Oliver, and describedjin “ Nature’? (see citation above). Hach —

is slightly clavate in form, gradually enlarging from the

base to the obtuse apex; its walls are thin and trans-

parent, and its cavity contains air alone. A careful —

examination of the base of each shows that it is formed by

the elongation of one of a group of very small marginal

epidermal cells, the swollen base of which is embraced by

the cells on either side of it, as shown in fig. 5, which is

copied from Mr. Oliver’s drawing. These threads have,

been compared to the curious pendulous and equally

vibratile organs of Bulbophyllum lemniscatum (Plate 5961),

in which they proceed one from the back-of each sepal; but.

whereas the threads of P. ornata are of the simplest | .

structure, those of the Bulbophyllum are extraordinarily _

complex, as a reference to the plate shows. Another —

plant with analogous appendages is Hpicrianthes javanica,

Blume (Bulbophyllum, nob.), in which six pendulous | j

threads in clusters of three replace each petal; the.

structure of these is known to me only from a drawing by

Parish, which represents them as entirely similar te those —

of Pleurothallis ornata; Blume, however, describes them —

as fleshy. eae ane

Pleurothallis ornata flowered in the Royal Gardens in

April, 1887. The plant was presented by Messrs. Shuttle-

worth and Carder, of Clapham.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Section of leaf; 2 and 3, flowers; 4, portion of sepal with appen-

dages ; 5, transverse section through margin of sepal, showing insertion of | .

appendage ; 6, flower with sepals removed ; 7, lip; 8, column; 9, pollinia:-—

all enlarged,

7095.

—

oer

Vincert Bracke Dav & San i

LIN Prtchiith.

MS.4

Tan, 7095.

PROTEA: nana.

Native of South Africa.

Nat. Ord. ProreacE®.—Tribe Protera. -

Genus Prorea, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 169.)

Protea (Acrotephalx) nana; frutex glabra, bipedalis, ramosa, foliis confertis

erecto-patentibus acicularibus .acutis acuminatisve, capitulis terminalibus

nutantibus hemisphericis, squamis 3-4-seriatis appressis oblongis

obtusis, exterioribus virescentibus sericeo-marginatis, intimis coccineis

glaberrimis flores ciliatos longe super antibus, perianthii hirsutuli labio

majore inlaminam spathulatam producto, minore filiformi apice cymbi-

‘formi 3-denticulato, antheris sessilibus obtuse apiculatis, ovario hirsuto,

stylo exserto glabro curvo, stigmate fusiformi. ;

Protea nana, Thunb. Diss. Prot. p. 30; Prodr. Fl. Cap. p. 180; Linn. Syst.

Veg. Ed. 14, p. 1389; Ait. Hort. Kew, Ed. 2, vol. i. p. 192; Brown in

Trans. Linn. Soc, vol. x. p. 87; Meissn. in DC. Prodr, vol. xiv. pars 1,

p. 241. : ;

P. rosacea, Linn. Mant. p. 189; Lamk. Jil. vol: i. p. 238 ; Eneyel. Bot. vol. v.

p. 653; Smith Exot. Bot. vol. i. p. 85, t. 44. . ‘ ees

P. acuifolia, Salisb. Parad. p. 2.

Leycadendron nanum, Berg. in Act. Stockholm, 1766, p. 325; Plant. Cap.

p. 22 (excel, syn. Petiv.). ;

L. pinifolium, DC. mss.

On the authority of Aiton’s Hortus Kewensis, Protea

nana was introduced into England in 1787 by Francis

Masson, a collector sent to South Africa from Kew; and

it seems surprising that so attractive and striking a plant

should have been lost to cultivation. In this respect it has

‘shared the fate of a vast number of equally handsome or even

handsomer species of Protea and its allies, not to mention

other South African plants that ornamented the green-

houses of our grandfathers. Of Protea itself, a genus

containing upwards of sixty known species, about one-

half have, previous to the first quarter of this century,

been both: cultivated and figured in Europe, chiefly “im

England, and thirteen of these in this’ Magazine. The

dates of publication of the latter give a fair idea

of the epochs during which their, cultivation was en-—

couraged : thus, of the first thousand plates there were of

Janvany Isr, 1890. i

Protea four, all published between 1796 and 1806; of the

second thousand, four again are of Protea (between 1809

and 1815); of the third thousand, four (between 1823 and

1827); since which, from 1827 to 1881, or out of 3838

plates, only one is of a Protea, and that published as late

as 1881, to be followed in 1889 by the species here figured.

And what applies to Protea applies to Cape plants in

general, for I feel sure that a sifting of the figures of the

species of Hrica, Stapelia, and other South African genera

published in this work, would give a like result. The

history of the Australian Proteacee, under a horticultural

point of view, offers a similar example of a neglected

branch during late years; but the flourishing epochs of

these and Proteaceew differ, chiefly because the earliest

Kew collectors were South African, the later Australian.

_ Under Plate 6558 (Protea penicillata), 1 have given the

reasons why Cape Proteacew have fallen out of cultivation,

and I must refer to the remarks under that species for

further information on the subject.

Protea nana is a native of rocky places in the Cape Town

district. The plant figured was raised from seed sent to

the Royal Gardens by Professor MacOwan, Director of

the Cape Town Botanical Gardens. It flowered in a cool

green-house.—J. D. H.

: Fig. 1, Tip of leaf; 2, flower; 3, posticous lip of perianth with one anther ;

- 4, anticous lip with three anthers; 5, vertical section of ovary, showing the

ovule :—all enlarged, :

Tas. 7096.

ROSA BERBERIFOLIA.

Native of Persia and Western Turkestan.

Nat. Ord. Rosacrm.—Tribe Rose.

Genus Rosa, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol.i. p. 625.).

Rosa berberifolia ; foliis subsessilibus simplicibus cuneato-obovatis oblongisve

glaucis apices versus serratis dentatisve, stipulis 0, floribus solitariis,

ovario globoso sepalisque lanceolatis simplicibus hispido-setosis, petalis

orbiculatis aureis ima basi macula purpurea v. sanguinea notatis, ovariis

glaberrimis, stylis liberis inclusis pilis flexuosis hirsutis, stigmate dilatato

reniformi, fructu globoso, carpellis oblique ovoideis glaberrimis.

Rosa berberifolia, Pallas in Nov. Act. Petrop. vol. x. p. 379, t. 10, f. 5;

Redouté et Thor. Ros. volsi. p. 87, cum Ic.; DC. Prodr. vol. ii. p. 602;

Ledeb. Fl. Alt. vol. ii. p. 224; Jc. Plant. Ross. t. 370; Ait. Hort.

Kew, Ed, 2, vol. iti. p. 258; Lindl. Ros. Monogr. p. 1; Watllroth

Monogr. Ros. p. 25; Kar. & Kiril. Enum. Plant. Fl, Alt. No. 322;

Aitchison in Trans. Linn, Soc, Ser, 2, vol. iii. p. 62; Masters in Bull. Soe.

Bot. Belg. vol. xxviii. ined. ; in Gard. Chron. 1889, vol. ii. p. 9, fig. 1, 2;

and p. 78, fig. 13. :

R. simplicifolia, Salish. Hort. Allert. 359; Parad. t. 101; Olivier Voy. vol. v

p. 49, t. 43. ;

Hulthemia berberifolia, Dumort. Dissert. Tournay, 1824, p. 8 (ea Endlich.

Gen.); Ledeb. Fl. Ross. vol. ii. p. 72; Boiss. Fl. Orient. vol. ii. p. 668. ;

Lowea berberifolia, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1261.

Rhodopsis, Bunge in Ledeb. Fl, Alt. vol. ii. p. 224.

_ Few plants were more asked after during my Director-

ship of the Royal Gardens than the simple-leaved Rose,

-a.plant that had often been in cultivation but lost,

and which in‘so far as I knew did not then exist in

cultivation. Discovered by Pallas about the middle of

the last century, it was introduced into England about

1790 through the exertions of Sir Joseph Banks, and was

figured by. Salisbury in his Hortus Paradisaicus (t. 101). ,

Nothing further appears to have been heard of it as a

cultivated plant till the publication of the beautiful figure

in the Botanical Register, from a plant that flowered in

1828 in the Royal Horticultural Society’s Gardens, and.

which was raised from seed sent by Sir Henry Willock _

from Persia. Dr. Lindley, writing eloquently and pathe-

_ Jaxvary Ist, 1890, poe. ‘ ae i i

’ tically, says of the plant ‘that it resists cultivation in a

remarkable manner, submitting permanently neither to

budding, nor grafting, nor laying, nor striking from

cuttings, nor, in short, to any of those operations, one or

other of which succeed with other plants. Drought does

not suit it; it does not thrive in wet; heat has no bene-

ficial effect, cold no prejudicial influence; care does not

improve it, neglect does not injure it. Ofall the numerous

seedlings that were raised from Sir H. Willock’s seeds

and distributed, scarcely a plant remains alive. ‘T'wo are

still growing in a peat border in the Chiswick Garden ;

but they are languishing and unhealthy ; and we confess

‘that observation of them in a living’ state, for nearly four

years, has not suggested a single method of improving the

cultivation of the species.” ,

; On the other hand, I have the pleasure of citing, in his

own words, the success of Mr. Watson, Assistant Curator

of Kew, in both cultivating and propagating this interesting

lant :-—

pe At Kew this rose is planted in a raised border of rich

porous loam in a cool green-house where Cape bulbs are

grown. It is exposed to full sunshine all the year round.

’ During summer the soil is kept moist, but after October,

when the leaves fall off, it is kept as dry as possible, and

the plant remains dormant until March.” Tae

* We have failed to propagate this rose by means of

grafts or cuttings, although tried in the various ways

which answer with other roses. Several plants have, how-

ever, been obtained from the suckers developed by the

old plant. These suckers grow under the soil for about a

foot before pushing through and forming leaves. If the

underground part is cut through after the sucker is about

six months old, roots are formed on the severed part.” .

Returning to the history of the species, I find from a

note in the late J. Gay’s Herbarium now at Kew, that

Professor Bertoloni, writing in 1831, when Director of the

Bologna Botanical Gardens, mentions the Rosa berberifolia

as being in cultivation there, and as having been for sixteen

years previous to that date, but that its origin was un-

known. For the latest notice I must refer to Brigade-Sur-

geon <Aitchison’s “‘ Account of the Botany of the Affghan

Boundary Commission,” to which that energetic botanist

was Naturalist, published in the Transactions of the

Linnean Society cited above. Ap. p. 62, it 1s described as

the most characteristic shrub of the country (N. Persia)

from Bala .Morghab westwards over the whole Badghis

the Hari rud ‘valley into Khorasan, up to an altitude of

5000 feet. That is, from about Long. 63° to 60° H., where,

as that gentleman informs me, it forms low dense patches.

From that region it stretches north-westwards into

Western Turkestan, finding its northern and eastern limits

in the Soongarian Altai, about 90°: EH. and 45° N. The

- specimen here figured was from plants raised by seed

_ which Dr. Aitchison sent in to Kew in 1885, which flowered

in May, 1889, and which are of a more straggling habit

than the native specimens.

For an excellent summary of the points in which Rosa

.berberifolia differs from its congeners so greatly as to have

suggested its generic separation, I must refer to Dr.

Masters’ ‘* Remarks on the Morphology of Kosa berberi-

folia” in the Bulletin of the Botanical Society of Belgium.

After stating that according to some botanists the plant

has no leaves,—to others that it has no stipules,—to others

that the stipules constitute the leaves,—and to still others

that the spines constitute the stipules, his own careful

analysis shows that the stipules are suppressed, but

potentially present, and may possibly be developed in

vigorous cultivated specimens.—J. D. H. ; |

Fig. 1, Petal ; 2 and 3, stamens; 4, carpel ; 5, fruit ; 6, achene:—all but —

fig. 5 enlarged.

Vincent. Brocks Day & SonImp.

Soetoro la cnaain taba rise

S.del, INFita hth.

Tas. 7097.

IRIS (XIPHION) Botsstzrr.

Native of Portugal. :

Nat. Ord. ErmpEx.—Tribe Morzez.

Genus Iris, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 686.)

Iris ‘(Xiphion) Boissiert ; bulbo parvo oblongo, caule gracili simpliéi sub- -

pedali, foliis radicalibus subteretibus subpedalibus viridibus facie profunde

_ canaliculatis, superioribus paucis sensim_ minoribus, supremis bractei-

formibus, spathz valvis ventricosis rigidulis, pedicello brevissimo, ovario

cylindrico acute trigono, limbo violacev segmentis exterioribus obovato-

cuneatis carin4 lutea pilis paucis instructa, segmentis interioribus erectis

obovato-unguiculatis, styli cristis parvis deltoideis.

I. (Xiphion): Boissieri, Henriquez in Bolet. Brot. vol. iii. p. 183, with figure ;

Wilk, Illust, Plant. Hisp. vol. ii. p. 46, t. 118; Foster in Gard. Chron.

1887, vol. ii. p. 38.

This new bulbous Iris is known only on a single moun-

tain in the south of Portugal, the Serra do Gerez, where

-it grows at an altitude of from two thousand to three

thousand feet above sea-level. It belongs to the true

Xiphions, the same group that includes the well-known

English and Spanish Irises of gardens, with all their

multiform variations in the size and colouring of the flower,

and is nearest’ to J. filifolia, Boiss. (Xiphion filifolium,

Hook. fil. in Bot. Mag. t. 5928), which is also a native of ©

the Spanish Peninsula. It differs, however, from all its

neighbours in having a rudimentary beard, like that of a

Pogoniris, down the keel of the lower part of the outer

segments. There is a specimen in the Kew herbarium,

collected by Winkler in 1876. It was first flowered in

England in 1877 by Professor M. Foster, who received

the bulbs from Mr. A. W. Tait of Oporto. Our drawing

is made from material supplied by Messrs. Barr and Son,

of Tooting and Covent Garden. It flowers in England at

the beginning of June. | ;

Descr. Bulb small, oblong, with thin brown outer

tunics and a few fleshy root-fibres. Stem a foot long,

slender, terete, simple, bearing at the base one or two

Janvary Isr, 1890.

subterete long-pointed green leaves a foot long, deeply

channelled down the face, and higher up several others,

which grow gradually smaller till the uppermost is én-

tirely bract-like and adpressed. Spathe inflated, two

inches long; valves greenish and moderately firm at the

flowering time; pedicel very short. Flower scentless;

ovary cylindrical, acutely trigonous, an inch long; perianth-

tube green, slender, above an inch long; limb bright lilac,

an inch and a half long; outer segments with an obovate

reflexing blade, about as long as the cuneate claw, with a

‘bright yellow keel down the face, which is furnished with

a few gland-tipped hairs like those of the beard of a

Pogoniris ; inner segments as long as the outer, erect,

obovate-unguiculate, half an inch broad. Style-branches

reddish-lilac, under an inch long; crests small, erect,

deltoid. Anthers yellow, half an inch long.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, Front view of anther; 2, back view of anther ; 3, top of style-branch,

with crests and stigmas :—all enlarged.

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the important additions of the last forty years, contains over 3000

Coloured Plates, with Descriptions, structural and historical, by Sir

William and Sir Joseph Hooker.

; LONDON : ,

L. REEVE & 00., 5, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.

Tas. 7098.

PODOPHYLLUM PLEIANTHUM.

Native of Formosa.

Nat. Ord. Bersertpacex.—Tribe BERBEREA.

Genus Poporuytium, Linn. ; (Benth, et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 45.)

Poporuyiium pleianthum; glaberrimum, foliis peltatis convexis orbicularibus ~

9-lobis lobis late ovatis acutis ciliato-denticulatis, floribus inter folia

_ 2 opposita numerosis umbellatim confertis pendulis, sepalis lineari-

x oblongis obtusis viridibus, petalis duplo longioribus obovato-oblongis

luride purpureis apices versus crispatis, staminibus 6, ovario ellipsoideo,

stylo brevi, stigmate cupulari dentato.

P. pleianthum, Hance in Journ. Bot. vol. xxi. (1883) pp. 175 and 362. The

-. Garden, 1889, ii. 299, f. 44..

Wied:

‘ Podophyllum pleianthum is a near ally of.the North

American Mandrake, May-apple or Duck’s-foot, P. pelta-

tum, a plant common inthe Hastern United States, and

introduced into cultivation in England as long ago as .

1616. For two centuries P. peltatum was the only known

species of the genus, until 1821 in fact, when the late

Dr. Wallich’ discovered another in Nepal, the P. Emodi. —

Both these species have solitary flowers, white in the ©

North American plant, pink in the Himalayan; but whereas

in the former the flower is axillary, springing from the

_ meeting of the two leaves, and the stamens are double the

-number of the petals; in the latter they are extra-axillary,

- being inserted on the petiole of the upper of the two

leaves, and the stamens are the same in number as the ©

| petals. The discovery, therefore, of a species with

axillary flowers and stamens and petals isomerous, as is

the case with P. pleianthwm, was an interesting fact,

congeners in being many-flowered and the corolla of a

deep purple colour. yee a

P. pleianthum was discovered in the Island of Formosa,

n 1881, by T. Watters, Esq., H.B.M. Consul in that island,

.who sent specimens to the late eminent Chinese botanist,

| Dr. Hance, who published it, and whose excellent descrip-

| Fewrvary 1st, 1990. | ; a one.

rendered all the more so from its departing from both its, _ :

tion in the Journal of Botany contains an exhaustive

comparison of the characters of the three then known

species as enumerated above.

Not long after the discovery of P. pleianthum, Dr. Hanod

had the good fortune to receive specimens ‘of a fourth

_ species, from the continent of China, P. versipelle, Hance

(in Journ. Bot. vol. xxi. 362), which has clustered extra-

axillary flowers and six stamens. Its leaves are much like

those of P. pleianthum, but more deeply divided.

The flowers of P. pleianthum and versipelle have a most

offensive smell, like those of many Aroidew, which I do

not find to have been observed in other species. ‘The

leaves and roots of the American Mandrake are drastic

and poisonous, but the sweet and subacid fruit is eatable,

as I found that of-the Himalayan species to be.

Plants of P. p’eianthum were sent to the Royal Gardens

by Mr. Charles Ford, F.L.S., Superintendent of the Hong

Kong Botanic Gardens, i in 1885, and it flowered in August

of last year. It came along with the singular Homecon

chionanthe (Plate 6871), and was cultivated in a pot in a

cold frame till 1889, when it was planted arid flowered in

a border of loam in a cold house.—J. D. H.

. Fig. 1, Stamen and pistil; 2, transverse, and 3, vertical section of ovary :—

all enlarged,

onaon

poy

Tas. 7099,

COTTONTA maorosracuya.

Native of the Peninsula of India and Ceylon.

Nat. Ord. OncHEX.—Tribe VanvEx.

Genus Cortonia, Wight ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 572.)

Cortoxta macrostachya; caule suberecto 6-8-pollicari folioso internodiis

brevibus, foliis loratis recurvis canaliculatis inzqualiter 2-lobis, scapo

12-18-pollicari erecto gracili distanter ramoso, ramis apices versus flori-

_ feris, bracteis parvis ovatis, pedicellis elongatis cum ovario 3-1 pollicaribus,

° sepalis oblongis obtusis petalisque angustioribus patentissimis luride

flavis sanguineo-striatis, labello sepalis multo majore et latiore purpureo

aureo marginato, lobis lateralibus parvis, auriculeformibus, terminali

ad amplo patente subpandurzformi retuso, marginibus late villogis.

Cottonia macrostachya, Wight Ic. Pl. Ind. Or. t. 1755; Dalz. & Gibs, Bomb.

Fl. 263; Lindl. in Journ, Linn. Soc. vol. iii. p. 39.

C. peduncularis, Reichb.f. in Cat. Orchid. Schill. 1857, p. 52; Thwaites Enum.

Pl. Zeylan, 303; Walp. Ann. vol. vi. p. 860.

“are aes Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 216; Paxt. Fl. Gard. vol. ili.

ae tx SDS. ‘ ;

An interesting Orchid, as being the only Indian one

known to me of which the lip resembles that of an

Ophrys. This was observed’ by Lindley when describing

the plant, partly from a drawing made in Ceylon; and it

may be added that Ophrys aranifera is the species to

which it makes the nearest approach in form and colour; .

‘but whereas in the Spider Orchid the insect’s eyes are

counterfeited by the two coloured calli at_the base of the ©

lip, in Cottonia the same effect is produced by the minute

basal lobes of the lip itself. Re ee

Cottonia was first described as Vanda peduncularis by

Lindley, from which genus it differs in the absence of a

spur on the lip. Later, Wight perceiving that it was no

Vanda, and hence not suspecting that it was the Ceylon

plant described under that genus by Lindley, gave it the

name Cottonia after Major (now Major-General and C.S.I.)

Cotton, of the Madras Engineers, an indefatigable coHector

-and successful cultivator of Orchids, who found it at

Tellicherry in Malabar, and sent to Dr. Wight specimens __

Fesrvuary Ist, 1890.

and a drawing. Since that period it has bach found in

other localities in the Western Ghats, extending as far

north as the Warree country. The genus is, as far as at

present known, monotypic; for the Cottonia Championit of

Lindley, a plant with a wide distribution, being foand in

Kastern Bengal, Ceylon, Tenasserim and Hong Kong,

differs so greatly in habit, foliage, inflorescence, lip and

column, that it is strange that it should ever have been

supposed to be congeneric. I have named this latter

plant Diploprora (Flor. Brit. Ind. vol. v. ined.) from the

compressed two-beaked cymbiform lip; unlike C. macro-

stachya, it is a plant of no horticultural attractions, and it

has not as yet been in cultivation in England.

Cottonia macrostachya was introduced into England

about forty years ago, and there is a figure of it in

Paxton’s .Flower Garden; but it had long been out of

cultivation till reintroduced of late years.

The specimen here figured, which flowered in the Royal

Gardens in May of last year, was received from the

Director of the Ceylon Botanical Gardens in 1885. Mr.

_ Watson informs me that it requires the same treatment’ .

as the tropical Vandas, and flowers annually, the flowering

season extending over three months.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Lip; 2, column ;: 3, anther ; 4 and 5, pollinia «all enlarged,

“UA

YORI”

L-Reeve & Co London.

Tab. 7100.

DROSERA CISTIFLORA.

Native of South’ Africa.

Nat. Ord. DrosEracex®.

Genus Drosera, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. P/. vol. i. p. 662 )

- Drosera cistiflora; caule erecto simplici gracili felioso 1-6-floro, foliis lineari-

bus creberrime glandulosis, floribus amplis roseis violaceis v. albis, sepalis

lineari-lanceolatis glanduloso-puberulis, petalis late cuneato-obovatis

margine exteriore crenulatis, fildmentis brevissimis, antheris oblongis,

ovarii stylis a basi 2-partitis ramis inter filamenta porrectis capillaribus

petalis dimidio brevioribus, apicibus flabellatim multifidis stigmatosis.

_. D.cistiflora, Linn. Amen. Acad. vol. vi. p. 85; Burm. Pl. Afric. p. 210,

t.75,f. 2; Thunb. Diss. Dros.; Fl. Cap. p. 279; DC. Prodr. vol. i.

p- 319; Planch. in Ann, Se. Nat. Ser, 3, vol. ix. (1848) p. 202; Harv.. —

¥ Sond. Fl. Cap. vol. i. p. 78.

D. speciosa, Pres?, Bot. Bemerk. 14; Planch. l. c. 202; Walp. Ann. vol. ii.

p.72. ; : ; : .

. Helianthemum, Planch. Zc. p. 203; Walp. 1. ¢.

. violacea, Willd. Enum. Plant. Hort. Reg. Berol. 340.

of >)

The most beautiful of all known Sundews, at least in

so far as the species in cultivation .are concerned ; and

this form of it especially, for the: scarlet flowers are not

invariable. Thunberg, describes two varieties, one -he

calls alba, with white petals spotted at the base; the |

other, violacea, with rosy red or purple flowers. There

are besides a D. speciosa of Presl, retained as a species

by Planchon, with fewer and: Jess glandular leaves, and

which is the ‘D. cistiflora var. B. of E. Meyer, and D.

Helianthemum ‘of Planchon, with a taller many -leaved

three- to six-flowered stem, and which is the D. cistiflora

var. multiflora of Eckl. and Zeyher. Amongst the nu- 5

merous,specimens in the Kew Herbarium, there are many =~

that are intermediate between the other species retained

by Planchon. : ie oe

The ‘genus has been divided by De Candolle into two+ —

sections, namely foreila, with | rosulate leaves, leafless

scapes and sparingly divided or simple styles, te

Ergaleium with usually leafy stems and much-branch :

Fesrvary Ist, 1890. ot ; =

styles, to thé latter of which D. cistiflora belongs,

though placed by De Candolle in the former. Planchon,

on the other hand, has divided Drosera into thirteen ©

sections, upon characters, however, which Bentham does

not find sufficiently: constant to be regarded as good, or so

natural as to be useful. Of these thirteen D. cistiflora

belongs to sect. Ptycnostigma, with forked styles bearing

flabellately multifid tips, and an ovary with three placentas.’

D. cistiflora is confined to the south-west corner of

South Africa, and in so far as is at present known does:

not extend beyond 130 miles from Cape Town in any -

direction. Within that limit it has been found by every

collector, and is no doubt acommon plant. The specimens

here figured were presented by Miss North in 1889, and

* flowered in a sunny green-house. Mr. Watson informs me.

that the flowers last about a fortnight, after which the

leafing stem dies, but the roots remain healthy,.as with

other Cape species and with the Australian D. dichotoma.

* Dusor. Root of fascicled fibres from a slender rhizome.

Stem six to twelve inches high, erect, slender, leafy, pubes-

cent with minutely glandular hairs. Leaves two to four

inches long, by one-sixth of an inch broad, spreading,

linear, subacute, copiously clothed on the margin and —

upper surface with the glandular hairs of the order;

stipules 0. Flowers one to three at the end of the stem,

erect, nearly two inches in diameter. Sepals lanceolate,

acute, not half the length of the petals, green, pubescent.

Petals cuneately obovate, rose-red scarlet violet or white;

outer margin erose, rounded truncate or retuse. Stamens

very short; anthers oblong, red-brown, longer. than the

filaments. Ovary subglobose, deeply laterally three-lobed ;

styles cleft to the base, segments capillary, projecting

horizontally between the bases of the filaments for upwards

of half the length of the petals, white, tips flabellately

lacerate with stigmatic arms.—J.D.H. ee

Fig. 1, Apex of leaf; 2 and 3, stamens ; 4, ovary :—all enlarged.

7707.

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Vincent Brocks Day & Son lap.

Pen; 7101,

Native of South Africa.

Nat. Ord. GenTIANEH.—Tribe CHIRONIE. . -

Genus Cutronia, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. ii. p. 805.)

Curronta: palustris ; perennis, caule robusto erecto tereti folioso, foliis radi-

calibus confertis lineari-spathulatis obtusis in petiolum latum angustatis,

caulinis sessilibus basi connatis, calycis segmentis lineari-lanceolatis

tubum corolle ample rosez squantibus, corolle lobis ellipticis obtusis

tubum superantibus, antheris lineari-oblongis tortis, stylo lente curvo.

C. palustris, Burchell’s Travels, vol, ii. p. 226.

C. Krebsii, Griseb. Gen. § Sp. Gent. p. 98. :

Plocandra palustris, Griseb. in DC. Prodr. vol. ix. p. 48.

P. albens, E. Mey. Comm. Pl. Afr. Aust. fase. 2, p- 181.

C. palustris differs from other species of the genus in

the strongly: twisted anthers, in which character it ap-

proaches the European genus Frythrea, of which the

purely South African genus Chironia may be regarded as the

strict representative, differing chiefly in the stigma, which,

though often two-lobed, is never broadly: two-lamellate.

The spirally twisted stamens and straight style of C.

_ palustris have led to its being first sectionally separated

by Grisebach in his Monograph of Gentianew, as sect.

Pseudo-Sabbatia, and latterly generically separated by E.

Meyer under the name of Plocandra. As, however,

Bentham has pointed out, the anthers are at length twisted

in a true Chiron‘a, C. peduncularis, and the style is cer-

tainly curved in Plocandra palustris.

Under C. peduncularis, Plate. 7047, I have given some

* statistics of the cultivation of the Cape Chirodnias in Eng--

land, with the names of all known to have been introduced.

-T'o these the present species is a very handsome addition.

It is a native of the Eastern districts only, extending from

Natal northward to the Limpopo or Crocodile River,

which bounds the Transvaal on the north in Lat. 22°S.,

and southward to East London in Lat. 33° S., where Mr.

Watson in 1887 eollected seeds from plants ‘growing _

Fesruary Ist, 1890, s

amongst grass in swampy ground near the sea. From

those seeds the specimen here figured and others were

raised. They flowered throughout the summer, bothina —

cold green-house and out of doors. It is singular that,” —

though the district in which Mr. Watson found it has —

been well: explored, no previous collector had found the

species so far to the southward by several hundred. miles.

Descr. foot perennial. Stem twelve to eighteen inches

_ high, stout, terete, green, leafy. Radical leaves densely

tufted, four to five inches long, very narrowly spathulate,

obtuse, thick, narrowed into a broad petiole, bright green;

nerves very indistinct; cauline leaves sessilé, connate by —

their bases. lowers numerous, in branching leafy cymes;

pedicels stout, usually about as long as the calyx; floral

leaves or bracts one to one and a half inches long, linear,

acute. Calyz half an inch long, narrow ; segments linear-

lanceolate, acuminate, as long as the tube of the corolla,

green. Corolla nearly two inches in diameter, bright rose-

red; segments elliptic, obtuse, concave. Stamens decli- —

nate; filaments short, stout, about as long as the linear- :

oblong yellow strongly twisted anthers. Ovary fusiform, —

_ terete ; style as long, curved; stigma two-fid.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Tube of corolla

sees and stamen; 2 and 3, stamens; 4, ovary :—all

7102.

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Tap. 7102.

. CYPRIPEDIUM RovmscnrLpIANUM.

Native of New Guinea.

Nat. Ord. OrncHIDEZ.—Tribe CyrpriPEDIER.

Genus Cyrrievepium, Linn.; (Benth. et Heok. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 634.)

* Cypripepium Rothschildianum ; foliis 1-1} pedalibus late loratis obtusis glabris,

scapo pedali 1-3-floro pubescente luride purpureo, bracteis ovario multo

brevioribus spathaceis rubro-purpureo fasciatis, floribus maximis, sepalo

dorsali amplo erecto ovato albo lineis ad_ 15 rubro-purpureis latis striato,

sepalis lateralibus in unum dorsali minorem ovato-lanceolatum 9-stri-

atum connatis, petalis sepalo dorsali duplo longioribus albis lineis

purpureis 7 striatis ciliatis et sanguineo-maculatis, labello calceiformi

apice saccato sacco gibboso et decurvo extus roseo v. albo purpureo

venoso intus pallido, staminodio lineari uncinatim recurvo villoso, ovaril

viridis costis rubro-purpureis. .

C. Rothschildianum, Reichb. & in Gard. Chron. 1888, i. 457 and 554; Veitch

Man. Cypriped. 45.

C.-neo-guineense, Linden (name only), Gard. Chron. 1888, 505 (advertisement).

This superb Cypripedium was received for-figuring under

the above name from Messrs. Sander and Co., of St.

Albans; who imported it from New Guinea, and at whose

request Professor Reichenbach dedicated it to Baron

Ferdinand de Rothschild, a munificént patron of Horti-

culture. It comes so near the subsequently imported

(!.. Elliottianum, O’Brien, also introduced by Messrs.

Sander, but which is reported to be a native of the

Philippine Islands, that Mr. Rolfe, of the Kew Herbarium,

believing the two to be forms of one species, is in doubt

under. which to place it.

These Malayan ‘Cypripedia present several points of

great interest, of which one is their variability, which

may be taken into consideration with the facility with

which they hybridize. Thus of such hybrids Messrs.

Veitch in their Manual enumerate no fewer than sixty

definite forms, besides less marked ones. Another con-

clusion arrived at by Messrs. Veitch (Manual, p. 2) is”

that the individual species throughout the genus, American

‘and Indian, must have at one time existed in much greater

numbers than they do now, and that the genus is “ suffer-

ing gradual extinction.” In support of this opinion the

‘Fesrvary Isz, 1890.

chief arguments are the view of the great antiquity of the

genus, held by Mr. Darwin, who, alluding to the anoma-

lous characters of the flowers, regards Cypripedium as

“the record of a former and more simple state of the

ereat Orchidean Order;” and the great rarity of many

of the Malayan species. * Now it is. not an easy thing to

prove the rarity of species ‘in individuals, and in little -

explored tropical and mountainous islands it is impossible.

I have myself felt convinced of the rarity of an Orchid |

as to which, as I afterwards heard, had I strayed right or

left of the locality in which I had collected it, I should

have found it abundant over a large area; and I know of

more than one noble Orchid (Arachnanthe Cathearti is

one), long supposed to be most rare in the country where

I first found it, becoming abundant after a change in its

énvironments. This is, as I am informed, the case with

our own (,. Calceolus in one of its English localities, a

species cited as an instance of approaching extermination

in England. Nor must it be forgotten that OC. Calceolus

inhabits the whole of North Europe and North Asia; just

as the American CU. macranthum, or a yery close ally,

stretches throughout the entire length of the,Himalayan

range. Ifthere be any truth in the assumption of the

species dying out, Messrs. Veitch’s suggestion that this is

due to the paucity of-insects suitable for their fertilization

is a plausible one, and one which may be eventually

followed up in the case of 0. Rothschildianum by some

fever-proof individual who will spend hours on the damp

ground in the forests of New Guinea on the remote chance |

of capturing its insect visitors, and thus discovering if

these or their visits are rare. _

The subject of the antiquity of a genus or group of —

plants is a very attractive one, and far too complex to

enter on here. Such antiquity, when leading to extinction,

is supposed to result in fixity of type, in rarity of in- —

dividuals, and in the restriction of these in area. In

respect of it I may allude to the singular fact that though

Cypripedium is one of the few tropical genera of Orchids

that inhabit both the eastern and western hemispheres,

it has not hitherto been found in Africa or Madagascar,

countries which have on plausible grounds been held to

have been the most recently peopled with plants.—J. D. H.

Fig., Column, magnified.

ei ie fare = a . % =

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-Tas. 7108,

* ZAMIA Watuisti,

' Native of New Grenada. :

Nat. Ord. Cycapacex.—Tribe ENCEPHALARTER.

Genus Zamia, Linn, ; (Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 447.)

Zamia Wallisit; trunco humili crasso cylindraceo glabro, rophyllis tri-

' angularibus apicibus productis lanatis, foliis paucis singulatim evolutis,

etiolo gracili elongato distanter aculeato primum villosulodemum glabro,

oliolis 2-8-jugis petiolulatis amplis ellipticis lanceolatis v. oblanceolatis

acuminatis basi acutis rarius cordatis, apices versus obliquos irregulariter

dentatis, supra lete viridibus nervis perplurimis immersis, subtus flavo-

viridibus, strobilis masculis 2-3-pollicaribus breviter pedunculatis oblongo-

cylindraceis, pedunculo lanuginoso, peltis crassis hexagonis tomentosis

vertice concavis, antheris subglobosis. :

*” Z, Wallisii, A. Braun in Monatsh, Berl. Acad. Wissensch. 1875, p. 376.

Z.P amplifolia, Hort. Bull. ex Masters in Gard. Chron. 1878, vol. ii. p. 810.

Aulacophyllum Wallisii, Regel Gartenfl. 1876, p. 143 ; Rev. Cycad. p. 30.

Z. Wallisti is one of three new species discovered in

1873 by Gustav Wallis, when in the employment of Messrs, —

Veitch as collector in New Grenada, and described by the

* late Professor Braun of Berlin in the Monthly Proceedings

of the Berlin Academy of Sciences. By Regel it has

been transferred to his genus Aulacophyllum, which he

distinguishes from Zamia by the leaves appearing in

terminal whorls and not one after the other, and by the

impressed nerves of the. leaflets, characters which in the

Genera ‘Plantarum (vol. iii. p. 447) are held to be of no

account, and which Z. Waillisvi does not conform to. The

nearest ally of Z. Wallisii is Z. Skinneri, Warsczw., a native :

of Guatemala, figured at Tab. 5242 of this work, which

has lanceolate prophylla, sessile leaflets, and. elongate

brown tomentose cones. . :

The number of known species of Zamia is uncertain.

In Regel’s Review of the Cycadacee, published in 1876,

' there are six of Aulacophyllum, twenty-two of Zamia, and

one of Microcycas (referable to Zamia), and this is about

the number estimated in the Genera Plantarum; of these

sixteen are now in cultivation at Kew.

Marcu 1st, 1890. | ‘ ‘

There are magnificent native specimens of the foliage

of Z. Wallisii in the Kew Herbarium, collected by Kal-

breyer, with leaflets eighteen inches long and five to nine

broad, and petiolule two and a half to three ‘inches -

lorig; they were collected at Cinegetas or Minegetas (a

place I do not find in any map or gazeteer) at an elevation

of 4-4,500 feet. There is also in the Kew Herbarium a

sketch, made by Professor Hichler, of a leaflet received

from Veitch, which is oblanceolate, twenty inches long by

four and three-quarters broad; and of another seventeen

inches by ten and a half, elliptic with a cordate base ©

and very stout petiolule four inches ‘long. |

The plant from which our figure was taken was presented

by Messrs. Veitch in 1888, and flowered in May, 1889.

Descr. Trunk a span high, cylindric. Leaves appearing.

one by one; petiole two to three feet high, slender, .

sparsely prickly, young laxly villous, mature glabrous;

leaflets two to eight pairs, very variable, from oblanceolate

to elliptic, acute, base acute or cordate; petiolule one to

four inches; nerves very many, impressed; prophylla

_ broadly triangular, with long stout produced apices,

tomentose. Cones (male only known) clustered, two to ~

two and a half inches long, cylindric, on a short stout ~

shaggy peduncle; scales shortly stipitate; heads hexa-

gonal, very thick with a concave crown, tomentose ; anthers

subglobose.—J. D. H. :

Fig. 1, Scale of cone viewed from above; 2, side view of the same with the .

anthers before dehiscence ; 3, the same with the anthers dehisced 4, anther:

—all enlarged. . ’

7704.

y & Sonimp

Vincent BrooksDa

“.S.del JN. Fitch. hth.

teeve & C° London.

7104.

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Tas, 7104. |

SATYRIUM MEMBRANACEUM.

Native of South Africa,

Nat. Ord. OxcHipexZ.—Tribe OPHRYDE.

Genus Satyrium, Sw.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p- 629.)

Satyrium membranaceum; glaberrimum, robustum, foliis 2 hamistratis revolu-

: tisque rotundatis acutis carnosis multinerviis, scapi validi vaginis mem-

branaceis infimis apice foliaceis, spica densiflora, bracteis lanceolatis

ovaria subsquantibus floribus nutantibus roseis sanguineisve, sepalis

lateralibus oblique oblongis acutis patulis, dorsali ligulato apice dilatato,

petalis ovato-lanceolatis deflexis ultra medium serrulatis,' labello hemi-

spherico apice cuneato reflexo serrulato, calcaribus ovario paullo longiori-

bus gracilibus, columna a medio deflexa, rostello basi utrinque tuberculato,

stigmate subquadrato emarginato v. bifido. '

S. membranaceum, Swartz in Act. Holm. 1800, p. 216; Lindl. Gen. et Sp.

Orchid. p. 216; N. E. Brown in Gard. Chron, 1889, vol. i. p. 185.

S. Princeps, Bolus in Hook. Ie. Plant. t. 1729.

This beautiful plant has been described by Mr. Bolus

(who regarded it as a new species).as one of the hand-

somest of the genus, with bright carmine flowers deepening

to crimson on the back of the lip. In his admirable de-

scription, he says that it is allied in habit and floral

structure. both to S. carneum and membranaceum, and

occupies the same kind of wet sandy dunes near Port

Elizabeth as are affected by the former near Cape Town. —

He distinguishes it from S. membrqnaceum “by its more

- robust habit, by its much wider lateral sepals, by its °

ine

obtuse odd sepal, by its emarginate stigmatiferous lobe, ae

but especially by the shape’ of the rostellum, which has a

long and sharp intermediate tooth in front, so that the —

apices of the ‘glands nearly touch each other, whilein S, ~ a

membranaceum the rostellum has a wide semicircular lobe ©

in front, so that the glands are widely separated.” Not-'

withstanding these characters, Mr. N. E. Brown, who has

carefully studied the specimens of Satyriwm cucullatum in

Thunberg’s Herbarium, upon which S. membranaceum

-was founded, and which were procured at Port. Elizabeth | - .

Mancu ist, 1890, ie i

(the habitat of S. Princeps), assures me that the two are

One species. . , ee

S. membranacewm was discovered by Thunberg during

his travels in the Cape in 1772—1775, and appears to

be a common species in the neighbourhood of Port

Elizabeth, where it has been found by many succeed- _

ing collectors, extending thence into British Kaffraria. °

The tubers from which the plant figured here were grown

were presented to the Royal Gardens by Mr. J. O’Brien,

of Harrow on the Hill; they were planted in loam ina

“ Cape Bulb House,” and flowered in May, 1889.

Desor. Stem one to two feet.high, very stout. Leaves

two, four to six inches long, opposite, radical, spreading

horizontally and revolute beyond the middle, rounded

ovate, acute, many-nerved, thick and fleshy, bright green

above, paler beneath. Scape as thick as the little finger,

pale brown; sheaths one and a half to two and a half

inches long, appressed, membranous, the lower green with’

a leafy tip. Spike three to five inches long, oblong, dense-

flowered ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, about equal- .

ling the ovary. Flowers nodding, an inch broad across

the sepals, bright or pale carmine. Dorsal sepals linear-

oblong, and with the petals deflexed; lateral spreading

and deflexed, oblong, subacute. Petals lanceolate, acu-

minate, serrate beyond the middle. Lip hemispheric,

with a recurved serrulate triangular tip. Column deflexed

above the middle; rostellum acute ; stigmatic lobe large, 4

broad, emarginate or bifid.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower; 2, top of ovary and column; 3, pollinium :—all enlarged.

on,im

o <S

OC i

ks Dav

t, Broo!

Tas. 7105. .

ARISAIMA ~Wrayi.

Native of the Malay Peninsula.

Nat. Ord. ARoIpDEZ.—Tribe ARINER.

Genus Arisama, Mart.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 965.)

AnisaMa (Pedatisectee) Wrayi; gracile, petiolo scapoque elongatis marthora-

tis, foliis 2-3 pedatisectis, foliolis, 5-9 petiolulatis anguste élliptico-lan-

ceolatis acuminatis basi acutis 3-nerviis supra lete viridibus subtus

pallidis nervis prominulis, foliolo intermedio ceteris majore longiusque

petiolulato, extimis sepe multo minoribus sessilibus, scapo folium

superante, spathe erect viridis alb v. pallide lilacina tubo 2-3-pollicari

subcylindraceo, lamina tubo equilonga suberecta ovato-cordata apice

producta, marginibus tubum cingentibus late recurvis, spadice mascula

gracillima, appendice décurva dein filiformi pendula spatha longiore,

antherarum glomerulis sparsis subsessilibus. '

| A. Wrayi, Hemsl. in Journ. Bot. 1887, p. 205; N. E. Brown in Gard. Chron.

| 1889, vol. ii, p. 136.

The genus Arisema is a remarkable one amongst Aroids.

_ for its wide range in latitude, from ‘the tropics to far.into

the north temperate zone; and as might be expected from

this, the elevation it attains is equally remarkable, from

the low-lying equatorial regions of the Malayan Archi-

pelago, to an elevation of 12,000 feet in the Himalaya.

And what is very singular in a genus of so wide a dis-

tribution, there are no sectional groups of it more.

characteristic of the colder than of te hotter regions, or»

vice versa. The nearest ally of A. Wrayi is the Javanese

and Sumatran A. jiliforme, Blume (Rumph. vol. i. p. 102,

t. 28). A. Wray? itself is a native of Perak, where it was

discovered by Mr. L. Wray, who in 1884 sent herbarium

specimens to Kew from Birch’s Hill, with the note that

the flowers are pale lilac and white, whereas in the culti-

vated plant they are pale green. In 1888 the same

excellent correspondent sent living tubers to Kew, which

flowered in January, 1889, and from one of these the

accompanying figure was made.

_Desor. Tubers as large as @ hazel-nut or larger, each

giving off a flowering scape and one or three leaves. Sheaths

one to two inches long, membranous. , Petiole twelve to

Marcu Ist, 1890, ; E

eighteen inches, slender, and as well as the petiolules and

scape mottled green and white and.dotted with red; leaf-'

blade pedately five- to nine-partite, leaflets six to eight

Inches long, narrowly elliptic-lanceolate caudate-acuminate,

dark green above, paler beneath, central leaflet largest

longest, and with the longest petiolule, being one to one

ang a half inches long; outermost leaflets, when more

than five, much smaller and sessile. Scape longer than

the leaves, tall, very slender. Spathe erect; tube two

inches long, cylindric or subcampanulate, pale green white

or pale lilac with darker nerves; limb as long as the tube

and broader, ovate with a. produced lip, slightly arched,

darker green, margins at the base and around the mouth

of the tube broadly revolute. Spadizx (male) very slender,

rachis: white spotted with purple; anthers in scattered

shortly stipitate clusters of three to five, globose;

appendix slender, narrowed into long decurved and then >

pendulous filiform tail, about twice as long as the tube

of the spathe. ruit red.—J. D. H. :

Fig. 1, Cluster of anthers; 2, the same after dehiscence :—both enlarged.

7106.

g x Ae sy oe /

Ee hay. SRR SIR cee ed tard ’ ff ests

= ay Matas eee get | in oe aaa

Vincent Brooks Day & Son,imp

3 : eee re Bue ee

$.del, JNFitch Lith

Tas. 7106.

: LATHRAA Cranpgsrina.

Native of Hurope.

Nat. Ord. ScroeHULARINEZ.—Tribe EvpHrasIea.

Genus Larurama, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen, Pl. vol. ii. p. 985.) ’

Laturma Clandestina; densisissime cespitosa, caulibus brevibus crassis

, robustis ramosis squamosis, squamis reniformibus intus lacunosis,

floribus racemosis longiuscule pedicellatis strictis erectis, bracteis squamis

caulis conformibus, corolle tubo calyce duplo longiore, labio *superiore

producto obtuse 3-dentato, inferiore 3-lob6, ovarii placentis 2 pauci-

ovulatis, capsula oligosperma, seminibus majusculis angulatis testa

crassa levi. aa :

L. Clandestina, Linn. Sp. Pl. 843; Bertolon. F1. Ital. vol. vi. p. 309; Tiak

Encycl. t. 551. ‘

Clandestina rectiflora, Lamk. Ill. Gen. t. 551, £.1; Mutel Fl. Franc. vol. ji.

p. 353; Reuter in DC. Prody. vol. xi. p, 40; Reichb: Fl. Germ. t. 1765;

Duchart, in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 2, vol. xx. p. 145.

Dentaria aphyllos, Ray Hist. Plant. p, 1230.

ang bP Morison, Plant. Hist, Univ. Qzon. vol. iii. p. 5038, sect. eo

t. 16, f. 16.

. The remarkable plant here’ figured, though usually —

_veferred to the>same genus as our English Toothwort,

I, squamaria, has some claims to the retention of the generic

name of Clandéstina, which has been accorded it, in con-

sideration of its racemose inflorescence, erect flowers,

longer upper lip of the corolla and angled seeds, in con-,

trast to the numerous minute seeds of Lathrea and its

spicate secund drooping flowers. Another diffgrence

between the two, which I have not found to be noticed

elsewhere, is the frequent opposition of the branches of L.

clandestina, and which strengthens the removal of the

genus from Orobanchacew to Scrophularinee, as was first

done by Solms Laubach in his admirable paper on its

systematic position. 3

L. Clandestina i8 a plant of rather restricted range ; it is

common in the west and south of France, and especially

along hedge banks at the foot of the Pyrenees, where its

pale violet flowers have a very handsome appearance, and

_ is found also in Spain, Belgium, and Italy. :

Marcu Isr, 1890. _

A third species, L. Rhodopea, Dingl., is found in Thrace;

it has slender stems and long cylindric racemes; a fourth

(the only other) is Clandestina japonica, Miq., a native of

‘Japan ; it has the habit and inflorescence of L. squamaria,

but the corolla rather of L. clandestina. .

A plant of L. Clandestina was presented to Kew in

May, 1888, by Dr. Schumann of the Berlin Herbarium,

and was planted by the roots of a willow near the piece of

water opposite ' 2 Museum No. 1, where it has already

increased threefoid, and flowered profusely in April, 1889.

In “ The Garden,” April, 1869, p. 316, it is stated that in

. the grounds. of the Honourable J. Saumarez, of Livermore

Park, Bury St. Edmunds, there is a plant of DL. clandestina

established on the roots of a deciduous Cypress. In

Europe its favourite hosts are the Willow and Poplar.

Rhizomes densely interlaced, cylindric, fleshy, scaly.

Stems innumerable, nearly buried in the earth, densely

crowded, four to six inches high, cylindric, smooth, fleshy,

yellowish brown, scaly ; scales half to three-fourths of an

inch broad, reniform, semi-amplexicaul, thick, spongy with-

in, the lacune having pedicelled glands internally. Racemes —

three to five inches high, many-flowered; flowers two

inches long, erect, inserted all round the rachis, pale

greyish purple or violet, with a dark purple lower lip;

bracts like the scales of the stem; pedicels one inch long

or less, very stout. Calygz tubular-campanulate, four-cleft

above the middle; tube four-angled and four-ribbed;

lobes triangular, margins thickened. Corolla laterally

‘compressed, tube twice as long as the calyx, compressed,

contracted above the base, and there hairy within; upper

lip obtusely three-toothed; lower much shorter, recurved,

margins incurved. Stamens four; filaments puberulous;

anthers oblong, cells free and aristate at their bases,

hirtellous. Ovary seated on an oblique fleshy disk, one-

celled, or two-celled when young from the parietal placentas

meeting in the axis; style slender, puberulous; stigma

capitate, two-lobed. Capsule one-celled;.two-valved at

the apex, placentas linear. Seeds four to five, large, testa

fungous.—J. D.H. | :

Fig. 1, Transverse section of a scale of the stem; 2, lower part of corolla

laid open and stamens; 3, anther; 4, pistil and disk; 5, advanced ovary

with enlarged disk :—al/ enlarged.

707,

CRESN

Sata

Vincent Brooks Day & Son,In

Tas. 7107.

PAPAVER RuprrraGuM, var. ATLANTICUM.

Native of Morocco.

SEER ay i @

N at. Ord. Paraverace®.—Tribe EUPAPAVEREA.

Genus Paraver, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pi, vol. i. p. 51.)

PAPAVER rupifragum, vax. atlanticum; rhizomate multicauli, caule simplici

scapiformi v. ramoso et folioso, foliis plerisque radicalibus una cum caule

sepalisque setis longis.albidis dense obtéectis oblanceolatis grosse dentatis

pinnatifidis v. pinnatipartitis, segmentis inzqualibus incisis, alabastris —

nutantibus, floribus. amplis, petalis late cuneato-obovatis miniatis v.

aurantiacis, capsula clavata, stigmatibus 6-8.

P. rupifragum (Boiss. et Reut. Pugiill. p. 6), Regel Gartenfl. vol. ii. t. 45.

Var. atlanticum, Ball in Journ. Bot. vol. 1873, p. 276; in Journ. Linn. Soe.

Bot. vol. xvi. p. 318. ~" :

P. atlanticum, Cosson Il. Fl. Atlant. fase. i. p. 11, t.6; Comp. Fl. Atlant.

vol. ii. p. 64,” ;

I follow Mr. Ball in referring this beautiful poppy, with-

out hesitation, to a hirsute variety of Boissier’s P. rupi- _

fragum of Andalusia in Spain, though, as he himself .

Says, it 1s totally different in aspéct, being hoary and

everywhere copiously hairy, whilst the Spanish plant is

dull green and nearly glabrous. M. Cosson, on the other

hand, in his beautiful “ [llustrationes Flore Atlantice,” has

figured the Morocco plant as a distinct species. The species

is interesting as showing the close connection between the

Floras of the mountains of the south of Spain and Morocco.

The only figure of the typical P. rupifragum is that given

by Regel in his Gartenflora; it is taken from a very poor

weak specimen, with five strongly crenate petals described

as of a: red-gold colour. The var. atlanticum was dis-

covered by Mr. Ball and myself in the greater Atlas south

of the city of Morocco, at an elevation of 6000 to 7000 feet,

growing in dry rocky places; and as it was seen in only

two or three localities at considerable distances apart,

and there very sparingly, it is probably a scarce plant.

Tt has also been found in Demenet, a province of the

Atlas east of the city of Morocco, by collectors sent’ by

M. Cosson. . The specimen figured was raised from seed

Marce Ist, 1890.

presented by the late Mr. Ball; it flowered in an open

border of the Herbaceous Ground at Kew in the end

of May, 1889, and attained a much greater stature than it

'. does in the Atlas.

Dgscr.. Perennial. Stems many from the rootstock,

one to two feet high, simple or sparingly branched, slender,

and as well as leaves and peduncles hispidly setose with

long white spreading hairs. Leaves radical or radical

and cauline, six to eight inches long, oblanceolate, sub-

acute or obtuse, pinnatifidly lobed and lobulate, rarely

pinnatipartite, lobules obtuse, bright green above, paler

beneath ; upper smaller, sessile, lower contracted into a

petiole. Peduncles three to six inches long, slender; buds

drooping. Flowers two to three inches in diameter.

Sepals two-thirds of an inch long, hispid. Petals very

broadly cuneately obovate, margins undulate, orange-red.

or scarlet. Stamens rather short, not very numerous.

Ovary shortly clavate; stigmatic rays six to eight, not

exceeding in length the crown of the ovary. Capsule one _

to one and a half inches long, clavate, six- to eight-ribbed,

glabrous ; stigmatic rays dark purple.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Stamen; 2, capsule :—both enlarged.

Jincent Brooks Day &Son Imp.

J.N.Fiteh ith.

ae.

L Reeve & C° London.

Tan. 7108...

PRESTOEA Carpet.

Native of Guatemala.

Nat. Ord. Patme%.—Tribe ARECINEX.

Genus Prestora, Hook. f. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. iii. p. 899.)

Prestora Carderi ; foliorum segmentis lineari-elongatis 7-nerviis in caudam .

elongatam filiformem attenuatis, spatha interiore elongata gracili stricta

coriacea, spadice tomento fulvo-brunneo furfuraceo, floribus minutis roseis |

glaberrimis, masculis subsymmetricis sepalis minutissimis, petalis el-

lipsoideis subacutis coriaceo-carnosulis valvatis, fomineis plerisque

solitariis globoso-ovoideis, sepalis hemisphericis concavis, petalisque

consimilibus arcte imbricatis, ovario subsymmetrico ovoideo apice obtuse

3-denticulato 1-loculari, ovulo asymmetrico prope basin loculi erecto. —

Geonoma Carderi, Bull List of New Se. Plants, 1876, p. 9, cum Ie, xylog. ;

T. Moore in Florist & Pomologist, 1878, p. 182.

The graceful Palm here figured was discovered in’ Guate-

mala by Mr. Carder, a collector in the employment of Mr.

Bull, and was advertised for sale at Mr. Bull’s establish-

ment in 1876 under the above name. That it is not a_

Gleonoma in habit or foliage is obvious, but until it flowered

it was impossible to say under what genus of Arecew it

should have been placed. From the material now avail-

able in the Royal Gardens, where it flowered for the first

time in 1889, it may certainly be referred to the subtribe

Oncospermee (of the ‘‘ Genera Plantarum”), and in so far as

can be’ determined in the absence of fruit, to the West

Indian genus Prestoea, which differs from nearly all of the

subtribes in the petals of the female flower not having

valvate tips, and from all but Hyospathe in having an erect

ovule. The only other certainly known Prestoea is the

P. trinitensis * of Trinidad, which was confounded with

Hyospathe pubigera in the Flora of the British West Indies ;

but the Huterpe montana, Grab., of the Island of Grenada,

* In the “ Genera Plantarum” I gave no specific name to Prestoea ; which

would imply that I retained that of the plant with which it was confounded

(Hyospathe pubigera). It has been suggested, however, that this would cause

confusion, and I therefore now propose that of trinitensis for the original

Prestoea, which is the more germane from the fact of Mr. Prestoe having been ©

Superintendent of the Trinidad Botanical Gardens,

Aprin Ist, 1890,

figured at t. 3374 of this work, is probably another species.

It differs from the other two in having a perfectly glabrous

_ spadix. I should add that I have submitted the figure of

| P. Carderi to my friend, Dr. Wendland, of Herrenhausen,

whose knowledge of Palms is unrivalled, and he has quite

independently arrived at the same conclusion as myself in

respect of the genus to which it should be referred.

The Royal Gardens are indebted to Mr. Bull for the

plant of P. Carderi, which is now planted out in the Palm

House, where it flowered in May, 1889.

Dascr. Caudex in the Kew plant nearly three feet’ high

(but will probably attain a much. greater height), about as

thick as the wrist, clothed with the reticulated fibrous

short sheaths of the old leaves ; -base stoloniferous. Leaves

eight to ten feet long, spreading and arching gracefully,

perfectly glabrous; segments very many, all free to the top |

of the leaf, eighteen to twenty-four inches long by one to

one and a half inches broad, linear, gradually - narrowed

into a straight filiform apex two to three inches long,

strongly plicately seven-nerved, dark green above, paler

beneath; petiole three to five feet long, dark green and

shining, plano-convex towards the base, subtrigonous above

it; rachis cylindric with a median ridge above. Spathes

two, lower short, two-fid ;. upper very long, three to four

feet, by about one and a half in diameter, straight, thickly ©

coriaceous, rigid, smooth, glabrous. Spadix shortly ex-

serted, a foot and a half. long, suberect, furfuraceously

tomentose with a rich pale orange-brown tomentum ; rachis

strict, rigid, terete ; branches six to ten inches long, erecto-

patent, strict, rigid, articulate at the base. Flowers sessile

~ in threes (a fem. between two males), scattered all round

the branches, or solitary and fem. only towards the base of

the branches, quite glabrous, palepink. Matern. Sepals

minute. Petals one-eighth of an inch long, free, ellipsoid, .

concave, valvate. Stamens six, filaments longer than the

petals’; anthers linear-oblong, pistillode acutely three-cleft.

Fen. rt. Sepals and petals semicircular, closely imbricate

round the ovary, tips not contracted or valvate. - Ovary

ovoid, nearly straight, top minutely obtusely three-toothed,

one-celled ; ovule erect from near the base of the cell.—

a. Ded,

i Fig. 1, Clusters of 3 flowers on portion of rachis; 2, male fi.; 3, pistillode ;

“4, fem. f.; 5, ovary :—all greatly enlarged, :

MS. del, I.N Fitch ith.

LReeve & C° London.

Tab. 7109. ee

SICANA spHERIca.

Native of Jamaica,

. ' Nat. Ord. CucurBITAcex.—Tribe CucuUMERINEZ. :

Genus Sicana, Vaud.; (Benth. et Heok. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii, p. 829.)

‘

Stcana spherica; ramulis puberulis, foliis ambitu reniformibus glaberrimis

punctulatisve 3—5-lobatis basi profunde 2-lobis sinu rotundato, lobis ovatis

longe acuminatis integerrimis denticulatisve, cirrhis 3-fidis apicibus dila-

tatis, pedunculis solitariis, masculo robusto glabro, calycis tomentosi lobis

ovatis patentibus, corolla ampla intus tomentoxa; fl. masc. filamentis

brevissimis liberis glabris, antheris connatis loculis intricatint contortis,

ovario cylindraceo, staminodiis obsoletis v. ad setas reductis, fructo

globoso glaberrimo indehiscente, seminibus complanatis anguste alatis. -

The genus Sicana was founded by Naudin on a widely

distributed and cultivated American Cucurbit, discovered

by Piso in Brazil in the early part of the seventeenth

century, known from Mexico to Brazilas the Curuba, but

hot introduced into Europe till 1862, when seeds were sent

to the Jardin des Plantes from Peru. Its strongly-

Scented Cucumber-like fruit is used in America as a pre-

‘Servative of the attacks of noxious insects, both from the

person and from garments, &c. Hitherto only one species,

S. odorifera, was known, and that certainly known only ir

cultivation, for I find no clear indication of any native

locality, nor are there any but cultivated specimens in our

‘Herbaria. According to Naudin the genus differs from

Cucurbita in the reflexed calyx-lobes, connate filaments

and free anther. To Sicana must now, I think, be added the

plant here figured, notwithstanding that it differs in its

Spreading calyx-lobes, and consolidated anthers (characters

which would bring Sicana closer to Cucurbita), as it does

from both in the reduction of the staminodes to obscure

tufts of bristles at the base of the calyx-tube. From S.

odorifera it further differs in the globose fruit about the

size of an orange. 7 oe S :

Mr. Morris informs me that -S. spherica was found in a

Yavine in the Blue Mountains, Jamaica, at an elevation of

Apri Isr, 1890.

5000 ft., near the Latimer Cinchona plantations, and was

not observed elsewhere. His impression at the time of-its

- discovery was, that (like so many other mountain plants of

the Island) it was not indigenous ; but on the other hand it

so closely: resembles the native Coniosicyos pomiformis,

that it may well be ‘so, and have been overlooked by pre-

vious collectors. Mr. Morris sent dried specimens to Kew

in 1884, accompanied with dried fruit, seeds, and a sketch

of,the male flowers by Mr. Hart; these last are smaller than

in the plant cultivated at Kew, where plants raised from

Mr. Morris’ seeds flowered in the Water-lily House first m

September, 1886.

Desor. A tall perennial climber, nearly glabrous. Leaves

three to four inches in diameter, reniform in outline, deeply

three- to five-lobed, smooth or punctulate, base cordate

with a deep rounded sinus ; lobes ovate with long acumi-

nate tips, entire or remotely denticulate, dark green, rather

shining. Tendrils three-fid, their tips dilated and adhe-

rent to supports. Male flower solitary; peduncle ro- °

bust. Calyx pubescent, limb campanulate; lobes ovate,

subacute, spreading. Corolla an inch in diameter ; golden:

‘yellow, pubescent without and with broad greenish nerves,

densely tomentose within ; lobes broadly ovate, recurved ;

abortive ovary oblong. Filaments very short, glabrous,

free or nearly so; anthers consolidated into a broadly

oblong or globose head; cells contortuplicate ; staminodes

of a few bristles. Female flower not seen. Fruit globose,

about the size of a small orange; pericarp thin, smooth,

glabrous. Seeds one-third of an inch long, oblong, flat,

es : spe ee winged border ; testa smooth, crustaceous.

Fig. 1, Top of ovary of male fl. with stamens and staminodes ; 2, transverse

section of the abortive ovary :—both enlarged.

TAT,

} iret

MS. del, INFRA lifh

Vincent. Brooks Day &Son

L.Reeve & Ce London.

LAB. EO,

PELIOSANTHES atsipa,

Native of Malay Peninsula.

Nat. Ord. Hamoporacex.—Tribe Ornroroconra,

‘Genus Petiosantuzs, Andr.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p- 678.)

Prtiosantues albida; foliis ad rosulam 4-5 lanceolatis petiolo facie subplano

dorso semitereti, pedunculo brevi, raceme elongato laxo angusto, pedicellis

brevibus solitafiis deflexis, bracteis lanceolatis, perianthio albido seg-

mentis exterioribus ovatis interioribus obovatis, filamentis in tubum

brevem incurvatum coalitis, antheris parvis globosis, ovario ‘semi-infero,

ovulis in loculo circiter 5.

Of the curious genus Peliosanthes ten species are now

known, only two of which have been figured long ago in

the Botanicat Macazinu, viz. P. Teta, tab. 1302, and P..

humilis, tab. 1532. The fruit is like that of Ophiopogon

and Sansevieria, with the pericarp bursting in an early

Stage and exposing the- single herry-like seed. The genus

inhabits the tropical ‘forests of India, and extends to

Western China and the Malay Peninsula. ~The present

Species is marked by its narrow leaves, white flowers, and

very short. deflexed pedicels. It was sent from Penang in

July, 1885, to Kew Gardens by Mr. C. Curtis, sores

Superintendent of the Garden and Forest. Department, an

was flowered at Kew for the first time in the summer of

1889, ; i

_ Desor. Produced leaves four or five to a tuft; petiole

stiffly erect, half a foot long, nearly flat on the face, semi-—

terete on the back; blade lanceolate, about a foot long, an

inch and a half or two inches broad at the middle, bright

green, moderately firm in texture, narrowed Satan

both ends, with seven’ or eight strong main vertical ri : 3

with a fainter one midway between each pair, connecte

by distinct cross-veinlets. Peduncle short, with many

small lanceolate bract-leaves. Raceme lax, subspicate, ee:

or eight inches long ; pedicels solitary, very short, defiex :

bracts lanceolate. Perianth- whitish, a quarter of an inc

ApRit Ist, 1890. : :

’

in diameter; outer segments ovate, inner obovate. ila-

ments connate in a short incurved tube; anthers sub:

globose, minute. Ovary globose, half-inferior; ovules

about five in a cell; stigma sessile, three-lobed.—J. G.

Baker.

Fig. 1, Bud with bract; 2, expanded flower; 3, flower with segments cut

away; 4, staminal type with a single anther ; 5, verti¢al section of staminal

tube and ovary; 6, transverse section of ovary :—all enlarged.

77117,

Vincent BrocksDay & Sonume

MS.del, JN Fitch lith.

L.Reeve & C°l onda

Tas. ¥111.<

IRIS orcarorpes.

Native of Central Asia,

Nat. Ord, Inmzx.—Tribe Moran. :

Genus Ins, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p- 686.)

Tris (Juno) orchioides ; bulbo magno ovoideo tunicis membranaceis brurneis,

caule-oligocephalo semipedali vel pedali, foliis productis 5-6 lanceolatis

acuminatis viridibus facie canaliculatis margine haud incrassatis, spathe

valvis lanceolatis pallide viridibus haud inflatis, pedicello brevi, periantbii

tubo elongato, limbo szpissime citrino interdum oculato vel lilacino tineto,

segmentis exterioribus lamina patula oblonga cristata ungue cuneate

haud auriculato, segmentis interioribus parvis deflexis oblongis ungue

angusto canaliculato, styli cristis snbdeltoideis magnis.

I. orchioides, Carriere in Rev. Hort. 1880, p. 337, fig. 68; Foster in Gard.

Chron. 1889, vol. i. p. 588.

I. caucasica, vars. oculata & major, Maxim. in Bull, Acad, Petrop. vo). x.

pp. 688, 689.

_ This. species is nearly allied to Iris caucasica, which

differs from it by its dwarfer habit, leaves furnished with

a thickened horny border, inflated spathes, and paler yellow

flowers; with the crest of the blade of the outer segments

serrated, and the sides of the claw expanded at the top

into a transparent auricle. It’inhabits the mountains of

Turkestan and“ Bokhara, attaining an elevation of seven -

thousand feet above sea-level. It. varies greatly in the

colour of the flower, the type being’ plain bright yellow,

and varieties furnished with a dark spot at the base of the

blade or the bladé altogether lilac, except a yellow spot

round the central crest. It has been grown for many

years in English gardens under the names of Maximowicz

above cited. Our description is made partly from plants

that have flowered at Kew, and partly from specimens sent

_by Professor Foster and Mr. H. J. Elwes. Our drawing

was made from a plant flowered by the latter at Cirencester

last April. co

Descr. Root-fibres many, cylindrical. Bulb ovoid, an

inch or more in diameter; tunics brown, membranous. |

Stem half a foot to a foot or more long, bearing two or

Aprit Ist, 1890,

three flowers, sessile in the axils of the- upper leaves.

Leaves five or six, lancéolate, acuminate, six to nine inches

long at the flowering season, bright green, with a chan-

nelled face, and without any-distinctly-thickened horny

border. Spathes one-flowered, two inches or more long’;

valves not inflated, lanceolate, pale green ; pedicel very

short. Perianth-tube slender, cylindrical, an inch or more

long; Hmb in the type as figured bright yellow, two inches

long; outer segments with a spreading oblong blade half

an inch broad, with an entire orange crest running down

the lower part; claw narrowed gradually from the apex

to the base, without any transparent auricles; inner seg-

ments drooping between the bases of the outer, with a

small oblong blade and a long channelled claw. Style-

branches above an inch long; crests large, subdeltoid.

Anther linear, shorter than its filament. Capsule and seeds

not seen.—J. G. Baker.

_ Fig. 1, Front view of anther; 2, ‘back view of anther; 3, apex of style, with 9

crests :—all enlarged. ‘

at ha.

Vincent BrooksDay & Son Jn

L.Reeve & C° London.

M.S.del, JN Fitch ith.

LAB, 7142,

VANDA Kimsaniiana.

Native country unknown.

Nat. Ord. Oncuipnx.—Tribe VANDEZ.

Genus Vanpa, Brown; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 578.)

Vanpa (Euvanda) Kimballiana ; caule elongato, foliis elongatis teretibus pro-

funde canaliculatis acuminatis, pedunculo elongato, racemo multifloro,

floribus albis labello roseo, sepalo dorsali petalisque obovato-spathulatis,

sepalis lateralibus faleatis decurvis dorsali multo majoribus, labelli lobis

lateralibus parvis incurvis corniformibus terminali orbiculato emarginato

eroso basi lamellato, caleare labello eaquilongo.

-V. Kimballiana, Reichd. f. in Lindenia, t. 204; J. O'Brien in Gard. Chron. °

1889, p. ii. pt. 165; Rolfe 7. e. p. 294, fig. 50. : ie

This beautiful species was introduced into England by

Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., but from what country has not

-been divulged. Its nearest ally is said to be V. Amesiana,

Reichb. f. (Warner’s Orchid. Alb. vol. vii. t. 296), which

is a reputed native of India. It is indeed very nearly allied

to that plant, differing notably in the very narrow leaves,

80 narrow indeed as to be terete in outline though deeply

channelled, and in the corniform side-lobes of the lip.

From the terete-leaved V. teres and V. Hookeriana it widely

_ differs in floral characters. The name Kimballiana was

given by Professor Reichenbach in compliment to W. 8.

Kimball, Esq., of Rochester, U.S.A., a noted Orchido-

_philist. The specimen here figured was lent for figuring

_ by Messrs. Low in September of last year. oo

— Dascr. Stem about six inches long in the specimen

figured (but probably scandent and attaining a great

length), as thick as a goose-quill, clothed with short

brownish, green, mottled leaf-sheaths; roots very long

and stout. Leaves six to ten inches long, gradually nar-

rowed from the base to the acuminate tip, terete but deeply.

channelled above, green mottled with brown, young subu-

late. Peduncle six to eight inches long, rather slender,

and as well as the rachis of the raceme yellow-green with

short red streaks. Raceme eight inches long, pendulous,

Arrit Ist, 1890.

ten- to fifteen-flowered; bracts very small; pedicel with

ovary an inch long; flowers.two inches in diameter, pure

white except the lip, the side lobes of which are yellowish

speckled with red, and the midlobe rose-coloured with

darker longitudinal veins. Dorsal sepdl obovate-spathu-

eee ee

late, obtuse; lateral very much larger, more oblong, —

strongly falcate, obtuse, decurved. Petals like the dorsal

sepal, but rather larger. Jip smaller than the lateral.

sepals, slightly recurved ; side lobes like small horns, acute,

recurved; midlobe orbicular, notched at the apex, lamellate

at the base; margins erosely fringed; spur as long as the

midlobe, narrow, slightly curved, obtuse. Column very

short, white; anther beaked; pollinia two, obovoid; strap

thrice as long as the pollinia, dilated upwards ; gland rather

small.—J. D.H. : |

Fig. 1, Column and portion of lip showing the side lobes, lamellate base of

the midlobe and base of the spur; 2, column with anther; 3 and 4, pollinia

with strap and gland :—all enlarged. ne eo

ae ec

—

Tap. Zils:

EREMURUS avranttacus.

Native of Central Asia.

Nat. Ord. Littacea.—Tribe AsPHODELER.

Genus Eremurvs, M. B.; (Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p- 787.)

Eremvurvs aurantiacus; rhizomate ovoideo, fibris radicalibus eylindricis ear-

nosis, foliis pluribus linearibus glabris sordide viridibus facie canaliculatis

dorso acute carinatis, pedunculo stricto tereti, racemo denso cylindrico,

pedicellis strictis tenuibus apice articulatis, bracteis lineari-subulatis,

perianthio citrino segmentis viridi carinatis exterioribus oblongis inte-

rioribus obovatis, filamentis filiformibus perianthio duplo longioribus

antheris parvis oblongis luteis, fructu_globoso, seminibus in loculo

2-3 triquetris sordide brunneis anguste alatis.

E. aurantiacus, Baker in Journ. Linn. Soe. vol. xv. p- 285; vel. xviii. p. 102;

ftegel Descr, Nov. Pl. fase. ix. p. 34; Gartenfl. 1884, p. 289, fig. 1168 b-h.

EK. Bungei, var. stenophyllus, Boiss. Fl. Orient. vol. v. p. 324.

This fine Asphodel was first described as a form of L.

Bungei from imperfect specimens gathered by Griffith in

Afghanistan in 1840. It was re-found in abundance by Dr.

Aitchison in 1879 during the Kurrum Valley expedition.

He reported that it grew -abundantly at an elevation of

7000 to 9000 feet above sea-level, and that the young

leaves were extensively used as a cooked vegetable. Pro-

bably this is the plant that was written about in the news-

papers as a gigantic asparagus. He gathered : — in

plenty in 1875, when attached as naturalist to the eas

istan Delimitation Commission, and we have also receive

it from Cabul, from Colonel Collett, from Gilgit, from Dr.

Giles, and from Bokhara and Turkestan from Dr. Albert

Regel. The Persian H. Bungei, Baker, figured Gartenflora,

tab. 1168, fig. a, is not distinguishable from steht

in dried specimens, but when alive has less acutely-keele

leaves, root-fibres tapering upwards, orange-yellow rege

and red-yellow anthers. Our drawing was ee om a

plant that flowered in the open border in Kew Gardens in

July, 1886,

Dacor. Rootstock ovoid, surrounded by membranous

ovate scale-leaves, white veined with brown, and outer

May Isr 1890,

’

tunics slit up into fine fibres ; roots many, long, cylindrical,

fleshy. Leaves very numerous, all radical, linear, dull green, ©

glabrous, a foot and a half long, very narrow in the wild —

plant, but reaching a width of half an inch or more at the |

middle when cultivated, channelled down the face, acutely —

keeled. Peduncle terete, stiffly erect, rather longer than —

the leaves. Raceme dense, cylindrical, sometimes a foot or —

more long; pedicels slender, articulated at the apex, —

spreading or rather ascending, finally an inch or more long; |

bracts linear-subulate. Perianth lemon-yellow; segments —

permanently connivent at the base, faintly keeled with green ;

outer oblong, inner obovate. Stamens twice as long as —

the perianth; filaments filiform; anthers small, oblong, —

yellow. Ovary globose; style longer than the filaments. —

Capsule globose, a third of an inch in diameter. Seeds

triquetrous, dull brown, narrowly winged, two or three in —

a cell.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, Whole plant, reduced in size; 2, leaves; 3, raceme, life-size; 4, outer

segment of the perianth ; 5, inner segment of the perianth; 6, front view of

stamen ; 7, back view of stamen; 8, pistil, ad/ enlarged ; 9, fruit, natural size;

10, fruit, exlarged ; 11, seed, enlarged.

ks Day &S onimp.

Vincent. Broa

M.S. del, J.N.Fitch lith

Tab. 7114,

ABIES pracnypHytia.

Native of Japan,

Nat. Ord. Conrrerm.—Tribe ABIETINER.

Genus Astzs, Juss.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 441.)

ABIES brachyphylla ; arbor excelsa, ramulis glabris, foliis }-1 poll. longis

linearibus obtusis v. subemarginatis subtus glaucis demum concoloribus,

costa supra depressa subtus prominula, canalibus resiniferis 2 inter costam

marginesque mediis, amentis masculis cylindraceis obtusis, bracteis apice

recurvis calcariformibus, antheris subglobosis, amentis foom. maturis

3-4 poll. longis cylindraceis obtusis, bracteis obovato-oblongis truncatis

denticulatis, squamis horizontalibus bracteas longe superantibus transverse

oblongis denticulatis basi cuneatis, seminis ala oblique cuneata truncata.

A. (Picea) brachyphylla, Maximov. Mel. Biol. vol. vi. p. 23; Masters in Gard.

Chron. 1879, vol. ii. p. 556, fig. 19, and 1885, vol. ii. p. 151, fig. 30; 1

Journ. Linn. Soc. vol. xviii. p. 515, fig. 14; Franch. et Sav. Enum. Fl. Jap.

vol. i. p. 487. :

PA. pinnosa, Hort. Veitch.

A. Veitchii, Hort. (ex part.).

Picea brachyphylla, Gord. Pinet. Ed. 2, p. 201.

Pinus brachyphylla, Parlat. in DC. Prodr. vol. xvi. pars 2, p. 424. ‘

P. firma, McNab in Proc. Royal Irish Acad. 1876, p. 686 (non Ab. firma, Sieb.

et Zucc.). 2s

A native of the mountains of Japan at elevations oF =

5-6000 feet, first described by Maximovicz in 1866, though

previously distributed under the name 1t bears by that

botanist. Its distribution is a wide one, extending to

Saghalien in the north, to Jesso and Nipon in the south; in

which latter place it inhabits the flanks of Fusigama, It

was introduced by Mr. Maries when collecting for Messrs.

Veitch in the year 1870, and has proved to be perfectly

hardy, having stood the winters of Denmark. According

to Dr. Masters, who has kindly provisionally certified the

drawing, it is doubtful whether A. brachyphylla is distinct

from A. homolepis of Siebold and Zuccarini, an yp sn

fectly described species which has acute leaves, . te

A. Harryana, McNab ; and it is certainly one of the p rey

cultivated under the name of A. Veitchi, Lindley, an : ;

pinnosa, Hort. Veitch. In its young state it exactly accords

May Ist, 1890.

with P. firma, Sieb. and Zuce., and its habit when full

grown, according to Mr. Maries, is that of P. bifida,

Sieb. and Zucc. No one but a botanist traversing the

Islands of Japan with an eye especially directed to its

Silver Firs can determine whether species or varieties or

synonyms are represented under the above names; and a

reference to the remarks made as to its European and

Western Asiatic congeners under tab. 6992 (Abies Nord-

manniana) shows that the difficulty of limiting the species

of this genus is not confined to its Eastern Asiatic

members. |

The specimen figured was taken from a young plant —

eight feet high, growing on the mound near the Water-lily

House in the Royal Gardens, in 1887, since which the tree

has not coned,.

Desor. A tree fifty or sixty feet high, with spreading

branches ; bark rough, whitish. Leaves crowded, sessile,

obscurely distichous, spreading and up-curved, one-half

to one inch long, linear-oblong, obtuse, tip rounded or

notched; young glaucous beneath; midrib depressed

above, prominent beneath, margins subrecurved, resin-

canals midway between the margin and midrib. Male

catkins three-quarters of an inch long, cylindric, obtuse ;

anthers subglobose ; bracts obtuse or bifid. Cone three to _

four inches long, cylindric, obtuse at both ends; bracts

obovate denticulate, much shorter than the transversely

oblong denticulate scales. Seed with the obliquely wedge-

shaped wing nearly as long as the scale.—J. D. H.

Figs. 1 and 2, Front and back view of leaves; 3, scale and bracts; 4, seeds

and scale; 5, seed; 6, transverse section of leaf, showing the resin-canals :—

all enlarged.

7115.

~~ yf =

Na N Fitch lith Vincent Brooks Day&Son In

~~ ; L Reeve &C2 London.

Abe oe, :

PASSIFLORA Mrersr.

Native of Brazil.

Nat. Ord. Passtrtornacea#.—Tribe PasstrLorE”.

Genus Passirtora, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen, Pl, vol. i. p. 810.)-

PassirLora (Grenadilla) Miersii; glaberrima, gracilis, foliis breviter petiolatis

integris oblongo-lanceolatis ovatisve subpeltatis obtusis apiculatisve, subtus

subsanguineis nervis viridibus reticulatis marginibus cartilagineis, petiolo

glanduloso, stipulis foliaceis petiolum subeequantibus oblongis basi acutis

mucronatisve paucidentatis convexis, bracteis minutis rarius foliaceis,

floribus solitariis axillaribus, pedunculo petiolo duplo longiore apicem

versus articulato, bracteis parvis v. majusculis linearibus, floribus stellato-

campanulatis, calycis tubo brevi ventricoso lobis oblongis obtusis, petalis

lineari-oblongis acutis undulatis albis, corona 4-5-seriata, filis albis

purpureo-fasciatis, externis petalis 2 brevioribus, interioribus brevibus

erectis apicibus capitellatis 2-3-fidisve, intimis in tubum basi connatis,

columna petalis multo breviore ovarioque glabris, filamentis antheris

paullo brevioribus.

P. Miersii, Masters in Mart. Fl. Bras. vol. xiii. pars 1, p. 599, t. 117, fig. 1;

in Gard. Chron. 1888, vol. ii. p. 352, fig. 46.

A very graceful species of Passion-flower, discovered by

Burchell in the Minas Geraes province of Brazil, but found

also in that of Rio de Janeiro, where the late Mr. Miers,

whose name it bears, collected it in the Organ Mountains.

It belongs to the section Grenadilla, and its nearest ally

that is figured in this work is probably P. amabilis (Tab.

4406). The Royal Gardens are indebted to Dr. Masters,

F.R.S., for the plant from which the drawing was taken.

It was received in 1888, and grew with great rapidity in the

Water-lily House, flowering in profusion in the month of

July. ; :

2 Dion: A very slender graceful glabrous climber ;

branches as thick as a sparrow’s quill, terete, smooth.

Leaves two to three inches, long-petioled, from ovate or

elliptic-ovate to oblong-lanceolate obtuse or apiculate,

the broad subpeltate base rounded, quite entire, bright

green above, beneath purplish red and reticulated with

green veins ; petiole one-third to half an inch long, slender,

May Ist, 1890.

sparsely glandular; stipules two, as long as the petioles,

foliaceous, very convex, base rounded, apex apiculate or

acuminate. Tendrils very slender. Flowers solitary, two

inches in diameter ; stellately spreading; peduncle slender,

longer than the petiole. Calyz green, tube depressed-—

Spherical, base intruded; lobes linear-oblong, with a

setaceous spinule beneath the rounded apex. Petals as

long as the sepals, linear, subacute, white; undulate.

Corona of three to four series of threads, that are white

banded with violet; outer series one-third shorter than the

petals, subacute ; inner short, erect, tips clubbed simple or

two- to three-fid, dark violet; innermost combined below

into a membranous tube. Column about twice as long as

the inner corona, speckled with purple, as are the filaments,

which are equal in length to the linear-oblong anthers.

Styles longer than the filaments, stigmas globose.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Section of calyx and corona; 2, threads of inner corona; 3, portion

of tube and threads of innermost corona :—all enlarged.

7116.

Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp j

M.S. del,J.N-Fitch ith

L Reeve & C°London.

TAB 7-4

BERBERIS virzscens.

Native of the Sikkim Himalaya.

Nat. Ord. BerpertIpex.—Tribe BERBERE.

Genus Berzeris, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol.i. p- 43.)

BERBE RIS virescens ; frutex ramosus, ramis divaricatis teretibus v. subsulcatis,

cortice brunneo nitido, foliis parvis obovatis obtusis apiculatisve enerviis

integerrimis v. distanter spinuloso-dentatis, subtus pallidis vix glauces-

eentibus, aculeis tripartitis gracilibus, floribus parvis fasciculatis v. in

racemos paucifloros subsessiles dispositis sulphureis v. pallide viridibus,

sepalis ovatis, petalis spathulatis, baccis gracile pedicellatis parvis lineari-

oblongis oblongo-lanceolatisve leviter compressis coccineis monospermis,

_ _stigmate parvo disciformi subsessili.

Berberis sp., Hook: S. et Thoms, Flor. Ind. 229; and Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. i. p- 112;

sp. 2 ad calcem generis.

? B. Belstaniana, Hort.

It is with great hesitation that I propose as a pew

species a Himalayan Barbery, especially considering the

number and great variability of those already known, and

the difficulty of discriminating and defining their forms.

There is, however, this to be said for B. virescens, that I

recognized it when travelling in Sikkim in 1849 as very

different from any, I had collected in that region; and

when describing the genus for the Indian Flora, I refrained

from naming it in the absence of fruit, and merely men-

tioned it at the end of the genus. No doubt I sent seeds

of it to Kew, for I find a note attached to the native spe-

cimens in the Herbarium, to the effect that it flowered in

the Royal Gardens in July, 1855. Unfortunately no

specimens of the latter were preserved, and it was not till

quite lately (in 1887) that the species reappeared, when

specimens were sent to be named by Thomas Acton, Esq.,

of Kilmacurragh, Rathdrum, Ireland, since which it has

been received by Sir Charles Strickland, Bart., of Hil-

denley, Maldon, which were from plants raised (as were Mr.

Acton’s) from seeds sent from Sikkim by Mr. Elwes ; and

also from the Gardens of the Royal Horticultural Society at

Chiswick, the latter with a note that wasps eat the flowers.

As a species B. virescens is perhaps most nearly allied

to B. aristata, and in the small leaves to the varieties

crategina and cretica of B. vulgaris, which are also na-

tives of the Himalaya. And indeed there are in the.

May Isr, 1890,

Kew Herbarium specimens considered by Dr. Thomson and

myself as forms of the latter plant, from Sikkim and other

parts of the Himalaya, which I am now disposed to think

should be referred to B. virescens. From the normal

forms of B. aristata it differs in the small leaves, fascicled

or very shortly corymbose flowers, their small size, pale

yellow or greenish colour, and in the small narrow long-

pedicelled fruits which have a tendency to be narrowed

upwards, as also in the solitary seed. Mr. Nicholson, who

has aided me in the examination of B. virescens, has drawn

my attention to a Berbery cultivated at Kew and elsewhere

in England and on the Continent, which has similarly

small pale fiowers, but rather larger spinnlose-toothed

leaves more strongly nerved, and larger red or black

berries with one much larger seed. I made no note of the

colour of the flower when I gathered the plant in Sikkim,

but as I was then on the march, and this was during the

rainy season, when I lost a large proportion of my collec-

tions from inability to get them preserved speedily, I may

well have overlooked this important point. The exact

habitat of my specimens is the Lachen Valley, at an eleva-

tion of 9000 feet above the sea, and the date May 28,

1849. Other specimens are from Bhotan, collected by

Griffith, and there is a similar plant from the N.W.

Himalaya. Mr. Acton’s flowering specimens were received

on June 14, 1887, and again on May 24, 1888, his fruiting

ones on October 19; and from these the figures in this

Magazine are taken.

Descr. A shrub with spreading strict divaricating

branches; branchlets terete or slightly grooved; bark brown,

shining. Leaves two-thirds to one and a quarter inches

long, tufted, obovate, tip rounded or apiculate, quite entire

on the larger spinulose-toothed ; pale green above, paler

subglaucous beneath; nerves very inconspicuous except in

older leaves. Thorns tripartite, very slender. Flowers

small, one-third of an inch in diameter, in fascicles or very

short racemes, sulphurous or greenish yellow. Sepals

ovate. Petals spathulately obovate. Berry half an inch

long, narrowly oblong, or narrowed upwards, compressed,

scarlet or black, one-seeded ; stigma small, disciform, sub-

sessile.-—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower; 2, petal; 3, stamen; 4, ovary :—all enlarged,

- Scanner Oe

ry pg ent

—

Vincent Brooks Day & Son Jn

ITU.

Fitch

£.S.del,JN

2 Londan.

LReeve &C

Tas. 7112 .

PRIMULINA srnensis.

Native of China.

Nat. Ord. GEsNERACEX.—Tribe CyrTanpREx.

Genus Paimunina, Hance in Brit. Journ, Bot. xxi. (1883) 169.

Primvu.ina Tabacum, Hance l.c.; Clarke in DC. Monogr. Phanerog. vol. i.

p. 288 (xomen); Hemsley in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. vol. xxvi. p. 229;

Dewar in Gard. Chron. 1889, vol. ii. p. 357, £. 52. ~

With the habit and foliage in most respects of a Pri-

mula, this singular plant possesses all the botanical

characters of the family of Gesneracee, and, as Mr. Clarke

has pointed out to me, its nearest allies are Klugia, Loxonia,

and Rhynchostylis—from all which it differs in the salver-

shaped corolla with nearly equal lobes. In Dr. Hance’s

description of the genus, the disk is said to be absent;

but it is really very highly developed as two large cuneately

quadrate fleshy bodies at the base of the ovary. Mr.

Hance describes Primulina as very delicate and difficult to

rear in cultivation, and says of it that it is so wonderfully

like a Primula even when in blossom, that it was only dis-.

section which showed him that it was a Gesneracea. Mr.

Henry, who communicated it to him, informed him that when

alive the glandular pubescence exhales a powerful odour of

tobacco, which it communicates to the hands of any one,

touching it, and that it is universally known to the natives

by the name of Shek-in, that is, Rock Tobacco.

The figure here gjven is taken froma plant that flowered

in the Royal Gardens, aided by Herbarium specimens com-

_ municated. by Mr. Ford, and was raised from seed received

from the Hong Kong Botanical Garden in 1887. It

flowered in July, 1889, but did not seed. It is a native of

Kwang Lung, Tali, on the Lienchau river, 270 miles from

Canton.

Desor. A low glandular-pubescent herb ; rootstock very

short, emitting thick fibrous roots. Leaves all radical,

crowded on the rootstock, petioled, rather fleshy, orbicular

May ‘Isr, 1890. :

in outline, two to five inches in diameter, obtuse, base

cordate, margins dbtusely lobulate, strongly waved and

incurved when young, pale green, pilose above, glandular

beneath, penninerved, nerves few impressed ; petiole one —

to three inches long, stout, broadly winged, wing waved.

Scapes equalling or shorter than the leaves, many-flowered,

glandnlar-hairy ; flowers in umbelliform incurved cymes, _

subsecund when young, shortly pedicelled; involucral bracts

two, half an inch long, linear-oblong, obtuse, Spreading.

Calyx one-third of an inch long, narrow, tubulose, terete,

glandular-hirsute, with brown hairs, subequally five-partite,

segments lanceolate, erect. Disk of two free cuneately

quadrate fleshy segments. Corolla salver-shaped, glandular-

pubescent or tomentose without and within; tube longer

than the calyx ; limb one-half to three-fourths of an inch

broad, unequally five-lobed; lobes spreading, obovate-oblong,

obtuse, obscurely crenate, ciliate, white with very broad violet-

purple borders, and abroad purple median band. Stasnens

two, inserted at the base of the corolla-tube, filaments very

short ; anthers approximate but free, cells divaricate and -

superposed. Ovary free, pubescent, oblong, two-celled ;

style short, stigma bilamellate; ovules very many, on two

parietal placentas. Capsule oblong, included, loculicidally .

two-valved, the valves thin, bifid. Seeds very numerous

and minute, oblong.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Section of calyx; 2, ditto of corolla; 3, stamens; 4, transverse

section of ovary :—ali enlarged

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Vincent Brooks Day & Son Lith

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Tas. 7118.

CARLUDOVICA Carut Mepusa.

Native country doubtful.

Nat. Ord. CychantHacr®.—Tribe CarLupovicEzx.

Genus Carupovica, Ruiz § Pav. ; (Benth.et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii, p. 953.)

CarLupovica Caput Medusa; acaulis, folioram lamina 3-4 pedali petiolo

eequilonga cuneato-flabelliformi creberrime plicata ad medium bisecta,

segmentis 3-5-fidis apices versus multifidis, laciniis ultimis pollicaribus

Inequilongis recurvis acutis, nervo composito basilari intramarginale,

petiolo dorso rotundato, facie planiusculo medio anguste canaliculato,

lateribus rotundatis, basi in vaginam brevem dilatato, spadice breviter

pedunculato majusculo globoso staminodiis inclusis 3 poll. diam. vaginato,

spathis inferioribus 5~6-pollicaribus cymbiformi-lanceolatis superioribus

brevioribus oblongis spadicem squantibus; fl. masc. stipitatis, perianthii

cupularis foliolis numerosis oblongis obtusis sub 2-seriatim imbricatis,

staminibus perplurimis, filamentis infra medium dilatatis dein subulatis,

antheris oblongis, fl. fem., perianthio 4-dentato, dentibus triangularibus,

staminodiis pollicaribus albis, ovarii tubo brevi perianthio adnato, ovario

truncato 4-lobo.

Having failed to refer this fine Carludovica to any de-

scribed species of the genus, I sent the drawing of it to

my friend Professor Drude of Dresden, the learned expo-

sitor of the Brazilian species of the genus in Martiu’s Flora

of Brazil. He informs me that to the best of his belief

it is unknown to him, and that if not C. schizophylla of the

Flora Brasiliensis, of which he had seen only bad spe-

cimens, it is no doubt undescribed, and should be placed

near to that species. Referring to the description of

CO. schizophylla, I find that it has a turbinately cylindric

lax-fid. spadix, whereas that of C. Caput Medusa is globose

and dense-fid. oo

In some respects it resembles the Peruvian C. /atifolia,

figured in this Magazine (Plate 2950, 2951) as Ludovia lati-

folia, but in that plant the petiole is very much shorter

than the blade of the leaf, and the compound nerve is

towards the middle of each leaf segment, whereas in C.

Caput Meduse it is intramarginal. In both the blade of

the older leaves becomes fissured towards the base in

a very irregular manner, showing a tendency to split into

Junez Ist, 1890.

many narrowly cuneate lacinie. Unfortunately the native

country of C. Capw Meduse is unknown, and there is no

record at Kew of its receipt. Two specimens have been in

cultivation for many years under the unpublished name of

C. acaulis, which occurs in an MS. list of the species in

cultivation at Kew drawn up nearly twenty years ago.

Of the genus Carludovica upwards of forty species are

described, all tropical American. Fourteen are now in

cultivation at Kew, of which only three are figured in this

work,—the present, C. latifolia, mentioned above, and C.

ensiformis, Hook. f., t. 6418. No doubt many more are-

in cultivation in continental gardens, and indeed there is

one very curious species in England, a native of the United

States of Columbia, which is still a desideratum at Kew,

namely C. Drudei, Masters in the “ Gardeners’ Chronicle ”

(1877, ii. 715, fig. 186, and 1879, ii. 278, f. 46). As it is

almost impossible to name the Carludovice from descrip-

tions alone, it is to be hoped that some of the other species

ee aa flower, and I hope be secured for figuring-in this

work.

C. Caput Meduse flowered in the Palm House at Kew,

where it was planted in the ground in December, 1887, it

1s believed for the first time; it forms a dark-green stem-

less plant, with the blade of the leaves three to four feet

long, and the petiole of about the same length.—J. D. H.

Plate 7118, figure of whole plant greatly reduced ; a young leaf reduced by

two-thirds ; a spadix, peduncle, arid sheaths of the natural size; fig. 1, section ~

of petiole; 2, male flower; 3 and 4, stamens; 5, fem. flower; 6, transverse

Section of ovary :—all enlarged, -

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M.S. del, JNFitch ith

TA. TELS,

ROSA MULTIFLORA.

Native of Japan and China.

Nat. Ord. Rosacex.—Tribe Roses.

Genus Rosa, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 625.)

Rosa (Systilew) multiflora; frutex alte scandens, surculis gracillimis

elongatis, aculeis tenuibus sparsis lente curvis, ramulis foliis subtus

prs calycibusque tomentosis v. pubescentibus sparsim glandulosis,

oliolis 5-7 ovatis ovato- v. elliptico-lanceolatis obtusis acutis v. acu-

minatis basi rotundatis v. cuneatis, stipulis pectinatis, floribus corymboso-

paniculatis parvis albis v. roseis, sepalis fructu deciduis brevibus integris

ovatis lanceolatisve setaceo-acuminatis, ovariis villosis, stylis gracilibus

longe exsertis in columnam coherentibus, fructibus longe pedicellatis

parvis ellipsoideis vertice annulato, acheniis paucis obtuse angulatis laxe

pilosis.

R. multiflora, Thunb. Fl. Jap. p. 214; Willd. GP. Pl. vol. ii. p. 1077; DC.

Prodr, vol. ii. p. 598; Miquel Prolus, Fl. Jap. p.277; Franch. & Savat.

Enum. Pl. Jap. vol. i. p. 184; Crepin in Bull. Soc. Bot, Belg. vol. xiii.

p- 250, and vol. xviii. p. 278, 279; Deutsche Gartenzeit. 1886, p. 101 ;

Franchet in Mem. Soc. Sc. Nat. Cherb. xxiv. 216 ; Helmsl. in Journ. Linn.

Soc. vol. xxiii. p. 253.

Var. flore pleno, Bot. Mag. t. 1059; Bot. Reg. t. 425, and t. 1372 (var. platy-

phylla) ; Lindl. Ros. Monogr. t.119; Savi Fl. Ital. vol. i. t. 20; Andrews

Rosar. t. 83; Herbier de l Amateur, vol. i. t. 67; Nouveau Duhamel,

vol. vii. p. 28, t. 17, and Redoute Ros. t. 91,92; Ait. Hort. Kew Ed. 2,

vol. iii. p. 263; Brandis For. Flor. p. 201; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind, vol. ii.

p- 364.

R. polyantha, Sieb. § Zuccarini, Fam. Nat. Plant. Jap. pars i. p. 20; Car-

be in Rev. ee 1876, p. 253, figs. 49-53 ; Gard. Chron. 1876, vol. ii.

p- 137, fig. 32; Girdlestone l.c. 1887, vol. ii. p. 659, fig. 127. ;

R. intermedia, Carriere in Rev. Hortic. 1868, p. 269, 270, fig. 29, 30; Crepin

in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. vol. viii. (1869) p. 344.

R. diffusa, Roxb. Fl. Ind. vol. iii. p. 515.

R. Thoryi, Tratt. Ros. p. 85 (er DC. Prodr.) (var. platy phylla).

R. Wichure, K. Koch Wochenschr. vol. xii. (1869) p. 202.

R. florida, Poiret Encycl. Suppl. Rosa, No. 62.

R. Grevillei & K. Roxburghiana, Steet Hort. Brit. Ed. i. 138.

R. simplex, Hort.

The interest which attaches to this small-flowered rose

arises from the fact, that though known 1n cultivation

throughout Europe, and in India, China, and many other

countries in its double-flowered state, since the beginning

June 1st, 1890.

of the century, it is within the last fifteen years only that

it has been seen living in its natural (single-flowered) con-

dition. In this respect its history is that of the Lady

Bank’s Rose, which was introduced at about the same time

also in its double state, and of which the wild state has

only very recently been cultivated. Of this, too, I hope

shortly to give a figure in this work.

hk. multiflora is a native of Japan, Corea, and Northern

China, from all which countries there are copious suites of

native specimens in the Kew Herbarium from many col-

lectors. According to M. Maries, it is found in Japan at

ail elevations between two thousand and seven thousand

feet. In Franchet and Savat’s Enumeration of Japan Plants

five varieties are enumerated, respectively called genuwina,

platyphylla, microphylla, adenophora, and calva, but it is

not stated whether these are indigenous or garden forms.

That known as var. platyphylla has long been known in

England, and is a most beautiful rose, with large leaves,

and flowers twice the size of the ordinary multiflora, vary-

ing from pale rose to deep rich crimson. Lindley, who

gives an excellent figure of it (Bot. Reg. t. 1872), calls it

the most beautiful of all the climbing roses of our gardens,

but adds that the young shoots are apt to be destroyed by.

frosts if not matted in winter. Under this variety he

cites as a synonym R. flava of Donn’s Hortus Canta-

bridgensis, Ed. iv., but as Donn states that his plant of

that name is yellow, it is more probably R. Banksie.

According to the Hortus Kewensis, R. multiflora (the double

form) was brought to Kew about 1804 by Thomas Evans,

Esq., and the very appropriate name of “ Bramble-flowered

ose’ was given to it. That of “The Seven Sisters ” is,

according to Lindley, the Chinese name of the var. platy-

phylla. The single-flowered multiflora was first published

as a cultivated plant in the “Revue Horticole” for 1876,

under the name of I. polyantha; and the specimens were

procured from a nursery, their origin being presumably

unknown.

For a detailed account of th

and affinities, I must refer to

tions cited above, which le

: ave nothing to be desired.

Botanists cannot be too grateful to that author’s admirable

labours in this most difficult g

enus. Our figure of flower

€ Species and its synonyms

M, Crepin’s critical observa-

and fruit was taken from specimens communicated by

Th. Girdlestone, Esq., of Sunningdale, a very accom-

plished cultivator and student of Roses; the plant itself

formed a magnificent object in his garden, covering an

area of eighteen by thirteen feet, on a sheltered wall,

clothed with snow-white fragrant flowers in June, and

fruiting in July. A view of the plant is given in the

‘ Gardeners’ Chronicle” (1887, vol. ii., opposite p. 659).

Mr. Nicholson informs me that it is used as a stock on

which to work hybrid, perpetual, and other roses.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Vertical section through young fruit; 2, carpel; 3, seed :—all

enlarged,

710

Vincent Brooks,Day & Son Lith

LReeve & Ce London

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Tas. 7120.

HEMIORCHIS purmanica.

Native of the Eastern Himalayas and Burma,

Nat. Ord. Sciramine®.—Tribe ZINGIBERER.

Genus Hemrorcuis, Kurz; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p- 641.)

Hemiorcuis burmanica ; rhizomate crasso tuberoso, caule foliifero post

anthesin producto, foliis oblongis acutis in petiolum angustatis, floribus

dense spicatis, pedunculo foliis bracteiformibus imbricatis ocenlto, bracteis

parvis caducis, calycis segmentis ovatis tubo longioribus, corolla segmentis ©

lateralibus oblongis centrali ovato, staminodiis lateralibus o ovatis,

labello orbiculari.

H. burmanica, Kurz in Journ. Asiat, Soc. Bengal, vol. xlii. p. 108, tab. 8.

For more than half a century Zingiberee have been little

cultivated in Europe, and they are so difficult to study

from dried specimens that our knowledge of the sub-order

is now very little advanced beyond what it was in the days

of Roscoe and Roxburgh. The curious plant here figured

represents a genus of which at present only a single

species is known. It was first described by Kurz in 1873,

but there is a specimen in the Kew Herbarium which was

gathered long before this, by Mr. Thos. Lobb, when he

was collecting for Messrs. Veitch. For its introduction in

a living state we are indebted to Mr. Gustay Mann, who

sent it to Kew from Khasia in 1889. Our drawing is made

from a plant that flowered at Kew last year.

Drscr. footstock cylindrical, tuberous, white, naked.

Leaves three to six, produced on a short special stem ; blade

oblong, acute, membranous, plain green, very pale beneath,

narrowed gradually into the channelled sheathing petiole.

Flowers produced before the leaves in a short dense spike ;

peduncle hidden by the imbricated membranous bract-

leaves; bracts small, deciduous. Calyx reddish-brown ;

segments ovate, longer than the campanulate tube. Corolla-

tube shorter than the calyx; lateral segments oblong,

upper ovate. Lateral stamimodia obovate, yellowish-white,

about as long as the corolla-segments; labellum orbicular,

JuNE Ist, 1890,

yellowish-white, minutely spotted with red-brown, with a

raised vertical keel down the face; filament short; anther-

cells diverging at the top. Ovary pubescent; style subu-

late; stigma turbinate, ciliated round the apical foveole.

Capsule globose, longitudinally ribbed, crowned by the

persistent calyx. Seeds conical, with a small white basal

arillus.—J. G. Baker. :

Fig. 1, Flower with all but labellum and calyx cut away; 2, anther; 3,

ovary and stylodia; 4, style and stigma :—all enlarged,

Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp

MS.del JN Fitch ith

T Dea 2 MOT om sl 5:

Tas,-7 191;

TILLANDSIA (Vaimsea) ameraystiNa.

Native of South Brazil. —

Nat. Ord. Brometiacez.—Tribe TILLANDSIEA.

Genus Trtanpsta, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pi, vol. iii. p. 669.)

TrnLanpsia (Vriesea) amethystina; acaulis, foliis 20-30 dense rosulatis lan-

ceolatis tenuibus flexilibus arcuatis viridibus. brunneoj tinctis tenuiter

lepidotis, pedunculo gracili erecto foliis leviter eminente, floribus 8-12 in |

spicam laxissimam erectam dispositis, bracteis ovatis flavo-viridibus calyce

brevioribus, 'sepalis lineari-oblongis citrinis, petalis lingulatis citrinis calyce

multo longioribus basi intus squamatis, genitalibus breviter exsertis.

T. amethystina, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1888, p. 104; Handb. Bromel. p. 218.

Vriesea amethystina, EF. Morren in Belg. Hort. 1884, p. 330, t. 15, 16. <

This is one of the many fine Tillandsias of the section

Vriesea which have been discovered lately in the southern

and central provinces of Brazil, and introduced into cul-

tivation in Europe, mainly through the instrumentality of

our indefatigable correspondent, Dr. Glaziou, of Rio Janeiro.

The present species, from its comparatively small size, is

more manageable in a conservatory than several of its

neighbours, and is conspicuous by its bright yellow flowers,

which last for a considerable time. Our drawing was

made from a plant that flowered at Kew in Oct. 1889,

which was purchased from the collection of the late Pro-

fessor Edward Morren soon after his death in 1886. The

leaves are very ornamental.

Descr. Acaulescent. Leaves twenty or thirty, densely

rosulate, lanceolate from a dilated clasping base, a foot or

a foot and a half long, not more than an inch broad at the

middle, arcuate, flexible, obscurely lepidote, green more or

less tinged with brown-purple, especially on the back.

Peduncle slender, erect, a little longer than the leaves.

Inflorescence a lax erect spike six or eight inches long ;

flowers eight to twelve, sessile, erecto-patent ; bracts ovate,

yellowish-green, about an inch long. Calyz pale yellow,

an-inch and a half long; sepals linear oblong. Petals lin-

JuNE Ist, 1890.

gulate, bright leomon-yellow, an inch longer than the calyx,

spreading only at the tip, furnished inside near the base

with a pair of distinct scales at the insertion of the inner

row of stamens. Stamens a little longer than the petals ;

filaments filiform ; anthers linear. Ovary ampulleform ; -

style long, erect, subulate ; stigmas short, not spirally

twisted.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, Petal, seen from inside; 2, pistil; 3, apex of style with stigmas :—

all enlarged,

gulate, bright lemon-yellow, an inch longer than the calyx,

spreading only at the tip, furnished inside near the base

with a pair of distinct scales at the insertion of the inner

row of stamens. Stamens a little longer than the petals;

filaments filiform ; anthers linear. Ovary ampulleform; |

style long, erect, subulate ; stigmas short, not spirally

twisted.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, Petal, seen from inside; 2, pistil; 3, apex of style with stigmas :—

all enlarged,

We,

Sup

Day & Son.

Vincent EP

Tan, 7222,

ALLAMANDA vionacma.

Native of Brazil.

Nat. Ord. ApocyNace®.—Tribe Carisse#.

Genus AttaMaNnpa, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Plant. vol. ii. 690.)

ALLAMANDA violacea; frutex erectus v. subscandens, ramis pubescenti-tomen-

tosis, foliis 3-5-nis verticillatis sessilibus oblongis obovato-oblongisve

cuspidato-acuminatis supra puberulis subtus tomentosis, nervis subtus

divergentibus, floribus axillaribus et in cymas tomentosas paucifloras

dispositis, calycis segmentis exterioribus oblongis interioribus lanceolatis

acuminatis pubescentibus, corolla roseo-v. coeruléo-purpurea ampla.

A. violacea, Gardn. in Field. Sert. Plant. t. 41; J. Mueller in Mart. Fl. Bras,

vol. vi. pars i. p. 15; The Garden, 1890, p. 224, t. 743.

A. Blanchetii, A. DC. Prodr. vol. viii. p. 319; J. Mueller lic. p.11.

Notwithstanding some differences, I am disposed to

regard the plant here figured as belonging to the species

named above, which is but indifferently figured in Field-

ing’s Sertum from specimens collected by Gardner in

Brazil. The calyx-segments are represented in that work

as linear-lanceolate, and equal, whereas in the original

specimens of Gardner in the Kew Herbarium, the outer are

much larger and broader than the lanceolate interior, as

‘ndeed is usual in the genus. The leaves in Gardner’s

Ceara specimens are all in whorls of about five (never

more), but in those from Piauhy the upper are opposite.

In the Kew plant they are opposite, but whorled in young

shoots. Lastly, the flowers, which are described by Gardner

as of a rich violet (‘‘ not unlike Glowwma speciosa ”), are In

his specimens from Crato said to be of a beautiful purple.

The A. Blanchetii of Alph. De Candolle from the Sierra

Jacobina in the province of Bahia, appears to be a stunted

form, with closely set recurved leaves one and a half inches

long, and a smaller flower; the specimens of it in the Kew

Herbarium from Blanchet are very indifferent. Those of

Moricand from the same locality are larger and better.

Tt may be a question whether the name of Blanchet or

violacea should be retained for this species, both haying

been published in the same year, 1849. I have selected

June Ist, 1890.

Gardner’s, as having been given to specimens collected,

described, and figured by himself. He states that the plant

is called Quatra Patacas in Brazil, and that its powerfully

cathartic root is extensively employed in malignant

fevers.

Mr. Watson informs me that A. violacea was in cultiva-

tion in England thirty years ago, but was soon afterwards

lost; it is the first purple-flowered species known to

gardens. All those figured previously in this work are

yellow. Of these ‘A. Schottii, t. 4351; A. Aubletii, t.4411;

A, nobilis, t. 5764, are now regarded as forms of the old A.

cathartica, t. 388, as was indeed suspected by the Editor of

this work when figuring A. nobilis. <A. neriifolia, t. 4594, — y

on the other hand, is very distinct, in the short con-

tracted portion of the corolla-tube, and in habit’ and

“other characters.

A. violacea flowered in a stove in the Royal Gardens in

September of last year, and continued in flower all through —

the summer. Mr. Watson tells me that there are two

varieties of it at Kew, one with flowers much duller in colour

than the other. That here figured was sent by Mr. Medley —

Wood, Curator of the Natal Botanical Gardens, in August,

1888.—J. D, Ho

Fig. 1, Portion of corolla-tube with stamen ; 2, ovary and glands :—both.

enlarged.

ae “llc ‘

Pi i litt

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1 eeve & LONGON

Tani 7128,

LUEDDEMANNIA Pescatorer,

Native of New Grenada,

Nat. Ord. Oncuipex.—Tribe VanpeEx.

Genus Lugppemanyua, Reich. f. in Bonpland. vol. ii. (1854) p. 281.

LuepneMannta Pescatorei ; pseudobulbis ovoideis compressis leviter sulcatis,

apice plurifoliatis, foliis pedalibus sessilibus elliptico-lanceolatis acutis,

scapo robusto a basi pseudobulbi decurvo, spathis paucis brevibus

appressis, racemo longissimo pendulo cylindraceo densifloro, rachi valido

fusco-rubro, ovariis brevibus pubescentibus, floribus 2-poll, latis, sepalis

oblongis obtusis incurvis luteis fusco-rubro-irroratis, petalis sepalis

pavilvegie spathulato-obsvatis aureis, labelli crocei basi rabro maculato

lobis lateralibus crectis oblongis obtusis terminali linguiformi basi non

constricto recurvo marginibus pubescentibus, disco inter lobos laterales

cristato pabescente.

L. Pescatorei, Lind. & Reichb.f. 1. c.; Walp. Ann, vol. vi. p. 563, & in Journ.

Royal Hort. Soc. yol. vii. (1886) p. 20; Rolfe in Gard. Chron, 1889,

pars ii. p. 183; Peseatorea, vol. i. t. 22.

Cycnoches Pescatorei, Lindl. in Paxt, Fl. Gard. vol. i. (1850-1) p. 123.

Acineta glauca, Hort. Linden.

At the date of publication of the “ Genera Plantarum ”

the genus Lueddemannia was very imperfectly known, and

in the absence of flowers with pollen, Bentham reduced it ©

to Cycnoches, observing that (according to Reichenbach) it —

differed only in the pollinia being sessile on the minute

caudicle. Reichenbach himself says (in Bonplandia) that

Lueddemannia differs from Lacena (see tab. 6516 of this |

Magazine) in the depressed spherical two-lobed ? pollinia, by —

which it also differs from Cycnoches, and he describes the

genus as having the habit of Acineta and Peristeria, and —

as closely allied to Cyenoches barbatum, Lindl. (Bor. Maa.

t. 4479), which is the Polycyenis lepida, Reichb. f. (in Bon-

pland. 1855, p. 218). ,

The above-named genera may be divided into two

natural groups, those with pseudobulbs bearing on their

sides leaves or sheaths to which belongs Cyenvoches ; all

the rest having this organ perfectly naked and leafing

at the summit only. Of these latter Peristeria is dis-

tinguished by its suberect scapes, globose flowers, and —

Jur Ist, 1890.

Pépi 71238,

LUEDDEMANNIA Pascatorer,

Native of New Grenada.

Nat. Ord. Orncuipem.—Tribe VanDE&.

Genus Lugppsmanyus, Reichd. f. in Bonpland. vol. ii. (1854) p. 281.

LUEDDEMANNIA Pescatorei; pseudobulbis ovoideis compressis leviter sulcatis,

apice plurifoliatis, foliis pedalibus sessilibus elliptico-lanceolatis acutis,

scapo robusto a basi pseudobulbi decurvo, spathis paucis brevibus

appressis, racemo longissimo pendulo cylindraceo densifloro, rachi valido

fusco-rubro, ovariis brevibus pubescentibus, floribus 2-poll. latis, sepalis

oblongis obtusis incurvis luteis fusco-rubro-irroratis, petalis sepalis

equilongis spathulato-ob vatis aureis, labelli crocei basi rubro maculato

lobis lateralibus ¢rectis oblongis obtusis terminali linguiformi basi non

constricto recurvo marginibus pubescentibus, disco inter lobos laterales

cristato pubescente.

L. Pescatorei, Lind. & Reichb. f. 1. c.; Walp. Ann. vol. vi. p. 563, & in Journ.

Royal Hort, Soc. vol. vii. (1886) p. 20; Rolfe in Gard. Chron. 1889,

pars ii. p. 183; Pescatorea, vol. i. t. 22.

Cycnoches Pescatorei, Lindl. in Paxt. Fl. Gard. vol. i. (1850-1) p. 123.

Acineta glauca, Hort. Linden.

At the date of publication of the “Genera Plantarum ”

the genus Lueddemannia was very imperfectly known, and

in the-absence of flowers with pollen, Bentham reduced it —

to Cycnoches, observing that (according to Reichenbach) it

differed only in the pollinia being sessile on the minute

caudicle. Reichenbach himself says (in Bonplandia) that

Lueddemannia differs from Lacena (see tab. 6516 of this

Magazine) in the depressed spherical two-lobed ? pollinia, by

which it also differs from Cycnoches, and he describes the

genus as having the habit of Acineta and Peristeria, and

as Closely allied to Cycnoches barbatum, Lindl. (Bor. Mac.

t. 4479), which is the Polycycnis lepida, Reichb. f, (in Bon-

pland. 1855, p. 218).

The above-named genera may be divided into two

natural groups, those with pseudobulbs bearing on their

sides leaves or sheaths to which belongs Cycnoches ; all

the rest having this organ perfectly naked and leafing

at the summit only. Of these latter Peristeria is dis.

tinguished by its suberect scapes, globose flowers, and

JvLy Ist, 1890.

mobile midlobe of the lip; Polycyenis by its very, slender

column, Lacena by the midlobe of the lip constricted at

the base, and Acineta by the very fleshy perianth, which |

hardly expands, and theshort thick column. With regard

to the pollinia, their structure is essentially the same in

all (except that in some species of Peristeria there is no |

strap), for that of Lueddemannia, as may be seen from the -

figure here given, is not, as Reichenbach describes it,

globose and sessile on the gland, but pyriform, with a

distinct strap and rather large gland. It is, however,

very possible, considering the tendency to bisexuality of

_ the allied genus Catasetum, that two forms of pollen may

occur in Lueddemannia. It is also to be noticed that the

pollinia of our plant is flat and apparently imperfect.

L. Pescatorei is a native of the mountains of Ocana, a

province of New Grenada, at the mouth of the Magdalena

River, where it was found at elevations of six to nine

thousand feet by Schlim in 1848, who sent it to Linden,

and it has been subsequently collected in the same country

by Roezl. Specimens with the spike upwards of three feet

long, and bearing upwards of ninety flowers, are known.

The specimen here figured was sent for figuring by Mr.

Moore of the Glasnevin Botanical Gardens, in July, 1889,

the spike being thirty-four inches long. The flower had a

strong scent, rather like decaying oranges.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Lip; 2, top of ovary and column; 3, anther; 4 and 5, pollinia :—

all enlarged, if

7124.

M.S. del, J.N Fitch lith.

Tas. 7124,

BIGNONIA rugosa.

Native of Caraccas.

Nat. Ord. BrgNonracrm.—Tribe BIGNoNIEZ,

Genus Bienonta, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p- 1033.)

Bienonta rugosa ; frutex scandens, totus hirsutus, caulibus sulcatis, ramulis

teretibus, foliis 2-foliolatis, foliolis elliptico-oblongis acuminatis, basi

cordatis v. rotundatis subtus reticulatim nervosis, nervis primariis validis,

petiolo in cirrhum bifidum producto, floribus solitariis v. in cymas bre-

vissime pedunculatas paucifloras confertis breviter pedicellatis, calyce

campanulato ore trancato integerrimo, corolle primulinw extus glaber-

rimz tubo elongato subcylindraceo basi contracto et intus piloso, limbi

brevis subzequalis’ lohbis 5 patentibus 2 superioribus rotundatis 3 infe-

rioribus late obcordatis, filamentis gracilibus glaberrimis arcuatis antheris

parallelis loculis angustis divaricatis, staminodio filiformi, disco late

conico glaberrimo, ovario parvo oblongo, stylo elongato grac'li, stigmate

parvo 2-fido, capsula compressa.

BP ragosa, Schlecht. in Linnea, vo]. xxvi. p. 656; Walp. Ann. vol. v. p. 522.

In the absence of fruit, Bignonia rugosa was described

as a doubtful species of the genus, and for its generic

confirmation the Royal Gardens are indebted to their

excellent correspondent, Dr. Ernst of Caraccas, who trans-

mitted seeds to Kew in 1872, together with the description

of the fruit which is given above. Its nearest ally is pro-

bably a plant, a native of the Antilles, figured as Macro-

discus rigescens- by Bureau in his beautiful Atlas of the

flowers and fruit of the new genera into which he proposed

to divide Bignonia, and of which the letter-press has most

unfortunately never been published. As in B. rugosa the

calyx is truncate, the corolla tubular with subequal lobes,

the stamens and disk are the same, as are the fruit and

seeds in all essentials. Macrodiscus is probably a well-

founded genus.

-B. rugosa was discovered by the collector Wagener in

the province of Choco, United States of Columbia, at

an elevation of four thousand feet, and is described as a

climber, ten feet high. In the description by Schlechtendal

and in native specimens from Dr. Ernst there are stipulary

‘leaflets at the base of the petiole.

Jury Ist, 1899.

The Kew plant of B. rugosa was raised from seeds sent,

as stated above, by Dr. Ernst in 1872, and which flowered

in the Palm House in October, 1889.

Dzscr. A climbing shrub, covered except the corolla

externally with soft spreading hairs, and sparingly with

shorter glandular pubescence; branches slender, terete.

Leaves bifoliolate ; petiole one to one and a half inches long,

rather slender, ending in a bifid tendril, petiolules about

half that length; leaflets three to four inches long, oblong,

acuminate, base rounded or cordate, yellow green; beneath

rugose with six to eight pairs of strong nerves and reticu-

late nervules. Flowers in small shortly peduncled axillary

cymes, shortly pedicelled. Calyx two-thirds of an inch

long, campanulate with a truncate quite entire mouth.

Corolla primrose-coloured ; tube two to two and a half

inches long, subcylindric, slightly curved, constricted

towards the base, glabrous except the constricted part,

which is laxly hairy within ; limb slightly oblique, short, five-

lobed ; lobes subequal, spreading, the two upper orbicular

concave, the three lower broadly obcordate. Stamens four,

included ; filaments long, arched, slender, glabrous; anthers

of each pair parallel, cells divaricate, narrow; staminode

filiform. Disk broadly conical, smooth, glabrous. Ovary

small, oblong, two-celled, many-ovuled; style very slender,

stigma small, two-fid. Capsule compressed, apiculate,

four to five inches long. Seeds uniseriate near the margin

on each side of the Septum, transversely oblong, one an

a half inches broad, compressed, surrounded by a complete

wing.—J. D. Bt.

Fig. 1, Calyx cut open, showing the disk and ovary style and stigma; 2, :

corolla laid open; 3 and 4, top of filaments and anthers ; 5, vertical section of

ovary and disk :—all enlarged.

Wee.

Vincent Brooks, Day & Sonimap

‘M.S. del, JN Fitch ith.

L.Reeve & C2 London.

Tas. 7125.

MASDEVALLIA Carpert.

Native of New Grenada.

Nat. Ord. Oncuipex.—Tribe Epmenprex. :

Genus Maspevattia, Ruiz & Pav.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 492.)

Maspevatita (Saccolabiate) Carderi ; foliis lineari-oblanceolatis apice biden-

tatis, scapis pendulis unifloris, spathig 1-2 appressis parvis, bractea brevi

spathacea ovario breviore, floribus carnosulis symmetricis, perianthii

late campanulati lobis iatissimis in fila elongata repente anyustatis,

petalis lineari-oblungis obtusis disco intus prope apicem carunculato,

labelli subsessilis hypochilo basi gibbo lateribus rotundatis, epichilo

latiore quam longo saccato integerrimo, disco hypochili 2-carinatoad apicem

carunculato, columna apice denticulata.

M. Carderi, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1883, vol.1. p. 784, and vol. ii. p. 181,

fig. 30. -

Of all the genera of Orchidew none is so remarkable as

Masdevallia for diversity in inflorescence, sepals, petals,

and lip. Twenty species have been figured in this Maga-

zine, and not one of these resembles M. Carderiin the symme-

trical pendulous campanulate flowers, which show scarcely

any tendency to obliquity in the position of the ovary

relatively to the scape. Nor are the colours common to

the genus, the predominance of white in this being very

exceptional. Dr. Reichenbach refers it to the group

Saccolabiate, in which the terminal lobe of the lip is eon-

spicuously saccate, and to the near neighbourhood of his

M. Houtteana (Must. Hortic. t. 2106), in which the sheaths

on the scape are lanceolate and loose, the perianth much

shallower and more deeply divided, and the midlobe of the

lip keeled within in the middle. Mr. Rolfe has pointed out

to me a nearer ally in M. Troglodytes, EH. Morren, in which

the midlobe is, as in M. Carderi, quite even within, and the

perianth of which more resembles that of the latter, though

more deeply divided and very differently coloured. It

further differs in the flowers being pedicelled, the narrow

hypochile, and the acuminate column. _

The specimen drawn of M. Carderi flowered in the

Royal Gardens in July, 1888 ; it was obtained in 1887 from

Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., of Clapham.

Juty Ist, 1890.

Descr. Leaves three to five inches long, by one-half to

three-fourths of an inch broad, sessile, pale green, keeled,

_ tip bidentate; basal sheaths half an inch long, truncate.

_ Scapes many, one-flowered, shorter than the leaves, slen-

der, pendulous, green speckled with black ; sheaths one or

two, short, appressed, acute. Bract one-third of an inch

long, sheathing the short ribbed ovary. Perianth broadly

campanulate, half an inch long, three-fourths of an inch

across the mouth, nearly terete, symmetrical, soft and

fleshy, white without and within except a ring of carmine

short irregular spots and streaks towards the base, which

is yellow, and a red spot at the base of each thread of the

perianth, lobes very broad and short, suddenly contracted

into slender yellow tails twice as long as the tubes of the

perianth and speckled with red ; base within hairy. Petals

as long as the column, linear-oblong, obtuse, caruncled on

the disk towards the spur. Lip short, fleshy, very shortly

clawed, gibbously saccate; hypochile broadly oblong with

rounde:’ sides, two keels along the disk, and a caruncled

broed ayex, epichile short, broader than long, saccate,

smooth within, margins quite entire. Column with a

toothed apex.—J. D. H.

‘

Fig. 1, Base of perianth, petals,

lip, and col ; 2, petal; 3, lip; 4, column ;

- 5, pollinia :— ald enlarged. P: olumn peta p

a ree?

\ J en as yn a

parte

}

Vincent Brooks Day & Son

Fitch. lith

S.del, IN.

rAd, 7126.

ASARUM caupicerum.

Native of Southern China.

Nat. Ord. ArIsToLocHracex,

Genus Asarum, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl, vol. iii. p. 122.)

AsaRUM caudigerum ; sparse pilosum, foliis binis“oppositis latissime ovato-

v. subhastato-cordatis subacutis subrugosis marginibus undulatis, sinu

angusto v. lato, floribus breviter pedicellatis, perianthii intus extusquo

pilosi carnosuli tubo globoso-campanulato, fauce aperta, lobis triangulari-

ovatis in caudas tubo duplo longiores angustatis, staminibus 12, tilamentis

in appendices breves obtusos productis, stylis 6in columnam ad apices fere

connatis, stigmatibus brevibus recurvis.

A. caudigerum, Hance in Journ. Bot. vol. xix. (1881) p. 142.

The genus Asarum, of which up to very recent times only

five representatives were described, has of late received

many remarkable accessions, especially from China and

Japan, raising the number of known species to upwards of

a dozen. Though not so striking a plant as the dA.

macranthum figured at Plate 7022 of the volume for 1888,

A. caudigerum is sufficiently remarkable for the caudate

tips of the three perianth-lobes, recalling those of Masde-

vallia Carderi, the figure of which accompanies this in the

present number of the Magazine. Its nearest allies are

A. Hookeri, Field. & Gard. (Sert. Plant. t. 32), a North-

west American species, and A. himalaicum, H. f. & T., of

the Sikkim Himalaya. Of these two the former has tails

to the perianth-lobes, but the lobes themselves are not

connate, as in A. caudigerum, but are separate nearly to the

base, and the connectives have longer subulate tips. In

Herbarium specimens of A. caudigerum from the Hong

Kong Gardens the leaves are more hastate than in those here

figured, the flowers larger, of the shape of Fig. 1 of the

plate, and the anthers have much longer points. Hance,

on the other hand, describes the anthers of native spe-

cimens as crowned with a small globose process, the

ovarium as subinferior, and the throat of the corolla as

not constricted. Possibly more than one species 18 1n-

Jury Isr, 1890.

cluded under A. caudigerwm. The artist in making the

analysis of the staminal column observed that the stamens

were in three series: six inner, erect, longest ; then three

in an outer series also erect, but with rather shorter fila-

ments ; and lastly three outermost with reflected very short

filaments.. The plant was drawn during my absence, and [

could not therefore verify this observation; and owing to

their soft condition after maceration, I have failed to do so

with flowers taken from the dried specimens. I observe,

however, that the anthers are extrorse in all the stamens.

A. caudigerum was first described by Dr. Hance, who

procured specimens of it from the East River, in the

Canton province of China. Specimens from the North

River, in the same province, are cultivated by Mr. Ford in

the Hong Kong Botanic Gardens, from whence that was

procured from which the figure here given was made. It

flowered in a cool green-house of the Royal Gardens in

January of the present year.

Descr. Stemless, loosely clothed with long flexuous

hairs; crown with a pair of opposite oblong obtuse cata-

phylls about aninchlong. Leaves two, radical, two to three

inches long, very broadly ovate-cordate with a deep narrow

sinus, or subhastate, margins undulate, rather light green |

above, pale yellow green beneath, hairy on both surfaces ;

petiole two to three inches long. Peduwncle much shorter

than the petiole. Ovary broadly obovate, green. Perianth- — :

tube subglobose, dirty green speckled with red-brown,

villous within; lobes triangular-ovate, narrowed into

slender tails an inch or more long, outer surface green, _

inner paler green or nearly white speckled with red.

Stamens twelve, nine with stout erect filaments, alter-

nately longer and shorter, and three much smaller with —

sharply reflexed filaments and extrorse anthers; connectives

produced beyond the oblong adnate cells into a short

blunt apex. Styles six, connate almost to their tips,

forming a cone with six short free recurved obtuse

stigmata.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Flower with part of the perianth cut away; 2, hair from the interior

of the perianth; 8, outer reefixed, and 4, inner erect stamen; 5, column of

styles and stigmata :—ad/ enlarged.

7127

Vincent Brooks Day® sa

Reeve & C° London.

VAS; Giese

HAKEA TLAURINA.

Native of Southwestern Australia.

Nat. Ord. Protracra£.—Tribe GREVILLEE.

Genus Haxga, Schrad. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. iii. p. 181.)

_ Haxra (Conogynoides) Zaurina; frutex v. arbor parva, glabra v. puberula,

ramulis gracilibus castaneis, foliis angusto elliptico-oblongis v. oblan-

ceolatis obtusis v. apiculatis in petiolum angustatis triplinerviis, mar-

ginibus incrassatis Inride viridibus, floribus-in capitulis axillaribus ses-

silibus globosis compactis sanguineis, stylis flavis, capitulis, immaturis

Squamis involucrantibusque deciduis rotundatis sericeis tectis, rachi

tomentoso, pedicellis brevissimis floribusque glaberrimis, perianthii brevis

lobis linearibus obtusis, toro obliquo, glandula magna, fructu subgloboso

lignoso obtuse ros trato, seminibus late alatis, ala completa.

H. laurina, Br. Prot. Nov. 29; Meissn. in DC. Prodr. vol. xiv. p. 411;

Benth. Fl. Austral, vol. v. p. 518; E. Taufani in Bull. Soc. Tose. Orti-

cult. 1888, 168, t=. 8; Gard. Chron. 1885, vol. i. p. 148, f. 30.

H. eucalyptoides,; Meissn. in Plant. Preiss. vol. i. p. 573; vol. ii. p. 262, and

in DC. Prodr. l.c. p. 418; F. Muell. Fragment. vol. iv. p. 130.

A very striking shrub, from the abundant scarlet balls

of flowers emitting long golden styles that deck the

branchlets. Unfortunately it is not one that will stand in

the open air in any but the warmest parts of the British

Islands, and being a native of a very dry part of Australia,

even the warmer counties would probably prove too

damp for it. This, however, remains to be seen, for

hitherto it has been treated in England only as a green-

house plant. In the Mediterranean regions it does well;

it has flowered profusely in Italy and Sicily, first, I believe, —

in Palermo in 1880, and later with the Baron Ricasoli, at

his residence of Casa Bianca, near Argentaria, in Sardinia.

Mr. Watson informs me that under the name of the Sea

Urchin, it is the glory of the Gardens of the Riviera,

where in Mr. Hanbury’s Garden, Mortalo, near Mentone, —

he saw a plant of it, forming a shrub ten feet high, covered

with balls of flowers, two and a half inches in diameter.

The specimen here figured was flowered by M. Braves at

- Nice, by whom a flowering branch was sent to the Royal

Gardens in 1889. It isa native of the south-west coast of

JULY Ist, 1890, -

Australia, where it ranges on hills from Cape Arid to King

George’s Sound. 3

Descr. A large shrub or small tree; branches slender, —

red-brown. Leaves four to six inches long, coriaceous, —

narrowly elliptic-oblong or oblanceolate, obtuse or apicu- ~

late, narrowed into a petiole one to four inches long, triple-

nerved and with thickened margins, dull green, sometimes

minutely pubescent. Flowers densely compacted in axillary

globose sessile heads one to two and a half -inches in _

diameter, blood-red with long golden exserted styles one-

half to three-fourths of an inch long, rachis of head densely —

villous ; pedicels very short, glabrous; perianth a quarter

of an inch’ long, divided nearly to the base into four linear

glabrous segments with oblong reflexed antheriferous tips.

Disk very oblique, with a large globose gland on one side.

Anthers sessile, linear. Ovary oblique, narrowed into the

stout decurved style, which is terminated by a bifid stigma.

Capsule the size of a very large nut, thickly woody, sub- _

globose, obliquely bluntly beaked; lips of the valves very

broad, slightly rugose externally, very smooth internally.

Seeds about three-fourths of an inch long; nucleus small,

surrounded with a broad ovate membranous wing.—

oD. Hf,

Fig. 1, Flower; 2, the same with the style cut off ; 3, reflexed portion of a

_ segment with the anther; 4, apex of pedicel, ovary, disk and gland; 5, fruit,

and 6, seed from Herbarium specimens :—all but figs. 5 and 6 much enlarged.

~ Tap, 7128,

TRACHYCARPUS xaasyanus.

Native of Eastern Bengal and Burma.

Nat. Ord. Patmem.—Tribe Coryrura.

Genus Tracuycarrus, H, Wendl. ; (Benth. et Hook. J. Gen, Pl. vol. iii. p. 929.)

Tracuycarrus khasyanus; candice 30 pedali gracili levi obscure annulato,

foliis orbicularibus ambitu breviter multifidis lobis bifidis rectis v,

recurvis subtus subglaucescentibus, vaginis in fibras rigidas erectas solutis

junioribus marginibus furfuraceo-lanatis, petiolo limbo subequilongo

marginibus eroso-denticulatis, ligula brevi truncata, spadice bipedali

nutante compressa basi spathis inclusa ramosa, pedunculo ramisque

crassis 4—6-pollicaribus, spathis coriaceis flavo-fuscis marginibus apices

versus villosis inferioribus bifidis rameis integris, floribug Aavis ramulis

spadicis tertialibus glabris confertis parvalis, sepalis ovato-oblongis

obtusis quam sepala late ovata obtusa multoties minoribus, filamentis

glabris petalis equilongis, carpellis 3 demum lanatis, drupis 1-3 oblongis

coeruleis.

Trachycarpus khasyanus, Wendl. in Bull. Bot. Soc. Frane. vol. viii. p. 429.

Chamerops khasyana, Griff. in Cale. Journ. Nat. Hist. vol. y. p. 8341; Palms

of British India, p. 134, t. 227 A, B; Brand. For, Flor. p. 546 (syn. C.

Martiana); Gamble Man, Ind. Timb, 418; Kurz For. Flor, vol, ii. p. 526;

Verlot in Rev. Hortic. 1876, p. 275 (cum Ic. xylog.).

C. Griffithii, Lodd. Cat. Palm. 1841.

This handsome Palm here figured is one of a pair pur-

chased for the Royal Gardens, Kew, at the sale of the

collections that ornamented the Conservatory of the Royal

Horticultural Gardens, South Kensington, in 1889. They

are supposed to have been originally procured from the

garden of the Duke of Wellington at Strathfieldsaye, and

they are now in the Temperate House of Kew,- lanted in

the ground. It is an interesting Palm, as Connecting ©

botanically and in geographical range the Himalayan —

with the Chinese and Japanese species of the genus,

namely, 7. Martianus, Wendl., of the Western Himalaya, >

the Chinese 7’. Fortwnei, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5221 (Chame-

rops), and the cultivated T. exce/sus, Wendl., of J apan.

These species are closely allied, insomuch that Griffith, —

Verlot, Gamble, Brandis and others have hazarded the

Opinion that two or all of them may be forms of one. As

Aveusr Ist, 1890. :

erown at Kew, however, they show, as in distribution, con-

siderable differences. 7’. Martianus is confined to the Western

Himalaya, extending in so far as is known from Central

Nepal to Kumaon, where it ascends to seven thousand eight -

hundred feet elevation. It has leaves very glaucous

beneath with drooping tips to the segments, and the

drupe is described as yellow, but Brandis and others say

that this is its colour in the unripe state only, for when

ripe it is pale blue. The fibrous remains of the leaf-

sheaths form a beautiful close network. 1. khasyanus

extends from the Western Khasia hills, at three thousand

five hundred to four thousand feet elevation, into Munni-

pore (top of Mount Kassoma, altitude six thousand five

hundred feet, Watt), and thence into Burma (pine forests

of Martaban, altitude four thousand to six thousand five

hundred feet, and the Kakhyen hills in Ava, Kurz); it

also occurs in Upper Burma, at Monyen, altitude five

thousand to six thousand feet, J. Anderson, there bordering

on China. The leaves are hardly glaucous beneath, the

young densely furfuraceous along the edges of the folds,

their tips straight (in a sketch of my own made in the

Khasia) or recurved (Griffith), not drooping, and the drupe

is a dirty blue. It has not been found in the Hastern

Himalaya, except small plants of what Mr. Gamble thinks

may be the same should prove to be so, and which that

botanist found near Dumsong in Sikkim, altitude six

thousand five hundred feet. |

Whether T. khasyanus differs or not specifically from

i ae Martianus isdoubtful. Griffith distinguishes khasyanus

by its shorter stouter stature, the petioles toothed

throughout, the nature of the rete, and the texture of the

leaves, which is more like that of Chamerops humilis,—not

one of which characters do I find to be valid, except

perhaps the rete. Both, however, unquestionably differ

from T. Fortunei and excelsa in their beautiful slender

polished trunks, with a very short crown of appressed

fibrous sheaths at the top; whereas in the Chinese plants

the much stouter trunk is clothed for upwards of seven feet

with a dense ragged mass of sheath-fibres. The leaves of the ~

Indian plants are on the whole less deeply lobed, though

much more deeply than is represented by the artist in tie

reduced figure of the plant here given.

Under Plate 5221 such differences as were then observed

between 1’. Fortwnei and ewcelsus are clearly given. An

examination of numerous specimens in the Temperate House

at Kew and in the open air of the Fortunei shows these to

be fallacious, though the extreme forms, of leaves with

straight and with drooping tips, are discernible. A more re-

markable character of Fortunei is the great length of the

petiole of some specimens ; this organ, which is rarely much

_ longer than the diameter of the blade, is in some specimens,

growing both in and out of doors, twice or even thrice that

length. Its greater length is attributed at Kew to the

plant having been grown indoors.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Base of lamina of leaf and ligule; 2, back, and 3, front view of

flower; 4 and 5, stamens; 6, carpels; 7, the same dehiscing when still young;

8, transverse section of the same, showing the ovule; 9, drupe dried (from the

Kew Museum); 10 and 11, ventral and dorsal view of the same:—all but jigs.

1 and 9 enlarged.

MS.del, JN Fitch ith.

L. Reeve & C2 London,

Tas, 7129.

PLEUROTHALLIS prartyracuis.

Native of Costa Rica.

Nat. Ord. OncuEex.—Tribe EpenpDrez, —

_ Genus Prevrornatuis, Br. ; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 488.)

PLEUROTHALLIS platyrachis ; cxespitosa, foliis 4-6 pollicaribus in petiolum an-

gustatis oblanceolatis carinatis apicibus obtusis integris 3-denticula-

tisve, scapis gracilibus foliis longioribus anguste bialatis apice 46-floris,

bracteis subdistichis ovatis acutis viridibus infimis vacuis, floribus sub-

erectis breviter et crasse pedicellatis, ovario brevi 3-gono, perianthio

pollicari flavo punctulato, sepalis carinatis marginibus recurvis ovato-

lanceolatis acuminatis supra medium verruculosis nervis viridibus, petalis

minutis lineari-oblongis obtusis brunneis, labello basi rotundato dein

recurvo anguste lanceolato acuminato superne bicarinato carinis rubris,

columna supra medium alata, basi antice tumida.

P. platyrachis, Rolfe in Journ. Bot. 1890, p. 136 in note.

Masdevallia platyrachis, Rolfe in Gard. Chron. 1888, pt. ii. p. 178.

This is one of the largest and largest-flowered of the

many species of the section of Pleurothallis to which it

belongs; and it approaches so closely in habit to Masdevallia,

that it was at first referred to that genus, from which

the sepals free to the base distinguish it. It belongs to

the stemless tufted section of the genus as defined by

Lindley in his monograph of Pleurothallis, published inv

his ‘Folia Orchidacea,’’ but is not very near to any

hitherto described species. According to Bentham’s

classification of the species in Genera Plantarum, it falls

under his first section of ‘ Elongatz Floribundx.” No

fewer than three hundred and fifty of its congeners are

described by Lindley, of which very few were ever in culti-

vation, though many are remarkable for the singularity

(see P. insignis, pl. 6936), and some for the gem-like

beauty and curious structure of their small flowers (see

P. Reymondi, pl. 5385). |

P. platyrachis was obtained at Kew, from Messrs.

Shuttleworth, Carder and Oo., of Clapham, in 1884, and

flowered in October of last year. ae :

Descr. Stems tufted. Leaves five to six inches by about

Aveust Ist, 1890.

one inch at the broadest part, elliptic-oblanceolate, obtuse,

notched with a terminal apiculus, keeled beneath, pale

green, contracted below into a channelled petiole ; basal

sheath short, funnel-shaped, mouth oblique, brown. Scape

radical, stout, longer than the leaf, with three to five

short acute sheaths, two-edged or narrowly two-winged

upwards, green speckled, sometimes densely, with brown ;

raceme one to one and a half inch, inclined, six- to ten-

fid.; rachis stout, bracts one-third of an inch long,

ovate, acuminate, coriaceous, green, persistent ; obconic

ribbed ovary with the short stout pedicel one-third —

of an inch long; perianth gaping, puberulous. Sepals

two-thirds of an inch long, golden yellow, punctulate,

strongly keeled, dorsal lanceolate from an ovate con-

cave base; lateral narrower, linear-lanceolate. Petals

very small, shorter than the column, linear-oblong,

obtuse, caruncled or crenulate along the outer edge,

yellow. Lip with a long stout incurved claw; limb not

half as long ag the sepals, lanceolate, acute, recurved,

yellow, with a deep central canal bounded by an elevated

ochreous ridge on each side. Column incurved, obtuse,

broadly winged from below the middle to the top, and

with a large callus on the base in front ; anther hemi-

spheric ; pollinia two, pyriform.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Portion of winged Scape; 2, flower w

: = ith sepals removed; 3, column;

4, lip; 5, anther; 6, pollinia :— all enlarged.

7130.

MS del JN-Fitch ith,

“Vincent Brooks Day & Son,tmp

L Reeve & C9 London.

Tas. 7180.

ACONITUM Fiscnert.

Native of North-East Asia and Japan, and N. America.

Nat. Ord. RANUNCULACEZ.—Tribe HELLEBORER.

Genus Aconttum, Linn, ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 9.)

Aconitum Fischeri; erectum, robustum, glabrum v. superne glandnloso-pu-

-bescens, foliis caulinis petiolatis 3-partitis, segmentis cuneatis trifidis

inciso-lobatis, racemo stricto erecto multifloro, bracteis inferioribus —

foliaceis 3-fidis, superioribus parvis oblongis integerrimis, pedicellis erectis

medio 2-bracteolatis, floribus magnis puberulis pallide coeruleis, sepalis

anticis oblique oblongis v. lineari-oblongis obtusis, lateralibus orbiculatis

pilosis, postico in galeam altiorem quam latam compressam rostratam

producto, filamentis glabris late alatis, petalis superioribus ungue elato,

caleare antice dilatato dentato postice revoluto, folliculis erectis pubes-

centibus reticvlatim nervosis.

A. Fischeri, Reichb. Monogr: Gen. Aconit. t. xxii.; Franchet in Mem. Soc,

Nat. Cherb. vol. xxiv. p. 198 (eacl. syn. Dene.) ; Franch. & Savat, Enuin,

Plant. Jap. vol. i. p. 12; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn, Soe. vol. xxiii. p. 20;

Brewer & Wats. Bot. Calif. vol. i. p.12. :

A. sinense, Sieb. & Zuce. Fam. Nat. Pl. Jap. No. 335 (non A. chinense, Bot.

Mag. t. 3852). : : :

A. autumnale, Lindl. in Journ. Hort, Soc. vol. ii. p.77, and in Pact. Fl.

: Gard. vol. i. p. 187 with fig.

A. arcuatum, Maxim. Fl. Amur. p. 27. “

A. Carmichaelii, Debeaux I'l. Tientsin, Addend. p. 61.

A. nasutum, Fisch. mss. ex Sprengel Syst. Veg. vol. ii. p. 621, excl. syn. ; Hook.

Flor. Bor. Am. volsi. p. 26; Torr. & Gr. Flor, N. Amer. vol. iv. p. 54;

Walp. Rep. vol. i. p. 58.

A. Labarskyi, Reichb. /. c. t. 20 ( fid. Regel). :

A. maximum, DC. Syst. vol. i. p. 380; Prodr, vol. i. p. 61 (non Pall. Herb., nee

Reichb., ex Regel).

A. columbianum, Nutt. ex Torr. & Gr. Flor. N. Am. 1.¢. 5 Coulter Man. Bot.

Rocky Mts. Reg. p. 11. : :

A. noveboracense, A. Gr. Bot. N. U. States, Ed. vi. p. 47.

A. napellus, Thunb. Fl. Jap. p. 251 (non Linn.).

Aconitum sp., Hemsl. in Journ Bot. vol. xiv. (1876), p. 206.

The reduction of the species and varieties of Aconitum

to system is a task awaiting the labour, and it will be

no slight one, of a very judicious botanist. Upwards of

three hundred specific names have been advanced for

probably not more than thirty species. A great number

of these have already been reduced to synonyms, and ag 5

many more remain to be relegated to the same category.

The genus is a very widely distributed o th

Atlantic to the Pacific, which it crosses to N. America,

where one species is found common to both the Hastern

and Western States. In latitude it ranges from the Aretic

Aveust Ist, 1890.

ne, from the

regions to the Mediterranean in Kurope ; to Asia Minor and

the Himalaya in Asia; and to New Mexico in the Western

States of America, and Carolina in the Eastern. Of all

the species none occupies a wider geographical area than

A. Fischeri, namely in Hastern Asia from Kamtschatka to the

‘Yang-tse-kiang in China, in Corea and Japan, and in

N. America from Alaska and British Columbia to New

Mexico, and if American botanists are correct, to the

Kastern States. I have collected it in company with Dr.

Gray in Southern Colorado on the border of the latter

country, on the La Veta Pass at ten thousand feet eleva-

tion, and further north in both the Rocky Mountains and

Sierra Nevada.

It needs hardly be said that with this wide distribution

A. Fischeri varies much, and I am far from supposing that

the long list of synonyms collected above with consider-

able labour is inexhaustive ; for it appears to me probable

that certain allies, some scandent and some more tomen-

tose, may have to be specifically incorporated with it, as A.

volubile, Pall., A. villosum, Reichb., and A. noveboracense,

A. Gray, Manual, Ed. vi, p. 47; and all may go —

into A. wneinatum, Linn. Into this extended inquiry I

am not prepared to go without an exhaustive examination '

of specimens that would take much time and labour. I

can only state here that the principal distinctive character

adduced for uncinatum by De Candolle is the evanescent

wings of the filaments, which, however, are well developed

iA. Gray’s figure (in Gen. N. Am. Plants). The seg-.

_ tents of its leaves are broader than in the Western

American plant, and in the common forms of the Asiatic,

but in some specimens of the latter there is no difference

in this respect.

The A, chinense, Sieb. (Tab. $852 of this work), is at

once distinguished by its semicircular hood; but I do not

see how the N. American A, unemmatum, Linn., of this

Magazine, Plate 1119 (and which is, I suppose, A. Gray’s

A, noveboracense), is to be specifically distinguished. ;

The specimen here figured was received at the Royal

Gardens from Mr. Max Leichtlin, in 1886, under the name

of A. californicum, and the drawi :

of last year.—J. D. H. o ereNiniG, W UR toads at OCvORs

om Agee a sf estes with petals and stamens, enlarged; 2, young fruit

7131 .

WS .del, JN Fitch Lith.

Tas. 7131.

EPISCIA macunata.

Native of British Guiana.

Nat. Ord. GesneRacex.—Tribe CYRTANDRE.

Genus Hpiscta, Mart. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 1006.)

‘

Eptscia maculata; robusta, scandens, pilosula,ramis pendulis radicantibusque,

, foliis petiolatis ovatis oblongo-ovatisve acuminatis integerrimis serrulatisve

basi rotandatis cordatis v. acutis, supra nitidis nervis impressis, subtus

pallidis, foribus in cymas axillares crasse pedunculatas foliaceo-bracteatas

dispositis breviter pedicellatis, calycis obliqnui segmentis 4 lineari-oblongis

subacutis pilosis quinto multo minore, corolla 1}-pollicari flava sangui-

neo creberrime maculata glaberrima, tubo infra medium cylindraceo in

calcar uncinatum obtusum producto superne subcampanulato, limbi lobis

subsequalibus 4 rotundatis patulis quinto carnosulo concavo inflexo

orem corolle claudente, filamentis ovarioque glaberrimis.

A very beautiful plant, both in foliage and flower, for

it is difficult to conceive anything more lustrous than the

polished leaves, which reflect the light from every in-

equality of their surface. According to notes accom-

panying native specimens collected by Mr. Im Thurn,

and by Mr. Jenman, on the Pomeroon River in British

Guiana, it is a climber, and no doubt the leafy branches

are pendulous, for as grown at Kew it flourishes in a wire

basket, the branches hanging down on all sides, clothed

with brilliantly green leaves. I can find no description of

this plant, nor do I find the curious character of the fifth

lobe of the corolla being inflexed and covering the throat

like a trap-door, noticed under the genus, or under any

of the species. Amongst the native specimens in the

Herbarium some have leaves twice as large as those

here figured, and purplish red underneath ; their petioles

vary greatly in length, as do the lobes of the calyx. The.

branches of the cyme are sometimes lengthened, and the :

flowers secund. :

_E. maculata flowered for the first time at Kew in Sep-

tember of last year, and it will be again in flower at the

end of this month. :

Aveust Ist, 1890.

ate

Dusor. Stem as thick as a swan’s quill, scandent

by fibrous roots on trunks of trees; branches six to

eighteen inches long, pendulous, nearly as thick as the

little finger, succulent, pale green, sparsely hairy, as are

the petioles, leaves and calyx. Leaves three to six inches

long, more or less recurved, ovate or oblong-ovate acu-

-minate, entire or serrate, bright shining green above with

impressed nerves, paler beneath, base acute rounded or

cordate; petiole stout, one to three inches long. Flowers

in stoutly peduncled axillary rather dense branching cymes,

with leafy bracts. Calyx one inch long, oblique, five-par-

tite, four lobes linear-oblong suberect, the fifth much

smaller, spreading. Corolla two inches long, yellow

spotted with bright red, tube subcampanulate above,

narrow below and produced beyond the calyx into a

stout curved obtuse horn; lobes five, rounded, four of

them spreading, the fifth rather thicker and inflexed over

the throat of the tube; stamens inserted about the middle

of the corolla-tube, included, filaments free, glabrous ;

anthers oblong, cohering in pairs by their tips, cells

parallel; disk a large dorsal gland. Ovary glabrous;

_ style elongate, stigma subcapitate.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Calyx and ovary ; 2, section of part of corolla showing the stamens;

3, fifth (inflected) lobe of the corolla; 4, ovary and disk gland aa enlarged:

7732.

&S. del, IN Fitch. lith. Vincent Brocks Day & Sanimp.

Se ee ee ey, ee ao

Tas. 7182,

PEDICULARIS meaanantaa.

Native of the Eastern Himalaya.

Nat. Ord. ScropHULARINEZ.—Tribe EUPHRASIEA.

Genus PepicutaRis, Linn.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pi. vol. ii. p. 978.)

PEDICULARIS megalantha ; erecta, elata, puberula y. villogula, foliis alternis

petiolatis ovato- v. lineari-oblongis caulinis pinnatifidis lobis crenulatis,

calycis tubo cylindraceo v. subinflato nervoso, lobis 5 subaequalibus v.

inzequalibus rotundatis cristato-crenatis, corolle rosex v. purpures tubo

gracillimo calyce 2—4-plo longiore, limbi labio superiore annulariin cornu

elongatum incurvum producto, inferiore latissimo concavo 3-lobo, lobo

medio angusto, filamentis sparse pilosis.

P. megalantha, Don Prodr. 94; Wall. Cat. 411/1; Benth. in DO. Prodr. vol. x.

p. 564; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. iv. p. 312; Maximov. in Mel. Biol.

x. p. 82, et xii. p. 793 ; Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. vol. lviii. p. 269.

This noble Pedicularis is one of the ornaments of the

subalpine regions of the Eastern Himalaya, where I found

it rearing its head above long grass in Sikkim in 1849, at

eleven thousand to thirteen thousand feet above the sea.

It was discovered by Wallich in Central Nepal in 1820,

and specimens sent to the late Mr. Lambert were described

by Don in the ‘‘ Flora Nepalensis”” in 1825. It was dis-

tributed by Wallich under the above name, and is one of ,

two plants or varieties included under No. 411 of his

Catalogue. Of these No. 411/1 is a Nepal plant with rosy

flowers, identical with this ; the other, Wallich’s No. 411/2,

is a yellow-flowered species hitherto supposed to be a

variety, and published as P. megalantha in the “ Flore des

Serres” (t. 948). It has a different distribution, namely ©

from Kumaon westward to Kashmir, at considerably lower

elevations than P. megalantha affects (seven thousand to

twelve thousand feet), and has not hitherto been found in

the Eastern Himalaya. It has a shorter corolla-tube, and _

there are differences in the form of the corolla-lobes, but —

it is difficult to detect these in specimens that have been

- dried. It may be the P. Hoffmeisteri of Klotzsch, figured

‘ in the Botany of the Voyage of Prince Waldemar in the

Aveust Ist, 1890. om :

Himalaya. No locality for this is given, nor is the colour

of its flower ; and as Dr. Hoffmeister, its collector, travelled

-both in Central Nepal and in the Western Himalaya, it is

most probably from the latter country, where the yellow-

flowered plant is a far more common one than is the rosy-

flowered one in the Eastern. I may here mention that in

the “Flora of British India,” in the absence of specimens

of it, P. Hoffmeisteri is referred as a synonym to the closely

allied P. siphonantha, an error which Dr. Prain, the

Herbarium-keeper of the Royal Gardens, Calcutta, and

author of a valuable revision of the Indian species of the =

genus, has had the means of correcting, by a comparison

of authentic materials. He refers it as a synonym to P.

megalantha, but whether to the rose-coloured or yellow-

flowered plant of that name does not appear; from the

shortness of the corolla-tube as figured, I should judge it

to belong to the latter, in which case, and if it prove speci-

fically distinct from megalantha, the name of Hoffmeistert

should be retained for the western species.

The species of Pedicularis are amongst the most abundant _

and beautiful of the herbaceous plants of the Himalaya, in —

many respects not yielding to Primula itself; some of the

species attain a height of two to three feet, bearing long

racemes of purple flowers; others, from higher elevations,

are dwarfs, the long tubes of their flowers rising amongst

the tufted leaves. In the “Flora of British India” I have de-

scribed thirty-seven species, the number known up to that

time. Since then collectors sent by Dr. King, especially to the

Tibetan provinces of Sikkim, only lately accessible to British

subjects, and other collectors in Burma, have enabled Dr. —

Prain nearly to double that number of Indian species. This —

extension eastwards of the genus indicates the accession —

of a prodigious number of new species from the mountain

ranges between Sikkim and Western China. —

P. megalantha was received for figuring from G. Wilson, —

Hsq., F.R.S., and is one of the many valuable acquisitions

to horticulture due to the energy and skill of that eminent 1

cultivator.—J. D. H. |

wee Calyx ; 2, lip of tube of corolla with upper lobe; 3, stamens :—al/ 4

Se a

Jincent Brooks Day & Son,imp.

is)

Ais |

Tas. 7188.

CATTLEYA Lawrencrana.

Native of British Guiana,

Nat. Ord. OrcHipEx.—Tribe EpipEenpREx.

Genus Cattieya, Lindl. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 53),

CattteryA Lawrenceana; rhizomate valido, pseudobulbis validis clavatis v.

elongato-fusiformibus 8-10-sulcatis monophyllis, folio 6-8 pollicari lineari-

oblongo obtuso rigido basi vaginis membranaceis vestito, scapo brevi

valido vaginato plurifloro, floribus amplis 4-6 poll. latis seepius laste roseis,

limbo labelli sanguineo-purpureo, sepalis anguste lineari-oblongis obtusis

recurvis marginibus undulatis, petalis magnis late oblongis marginibus

undulatis lobulatis cristatisve, labelli tubo elongato subcurvo anguste

cylindraceo, limbo explanato orbiculari bifido marginibus revolutis den-

* ticulatis, columna breviuscula.

C. Lawrenceana, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1885, vol. i. p. 338 and 374, figs.

68, 69; Reichenbachia, vol. i. t. 12; Lindenia, vol. i. t.44; Warner Orchid.

Alb. t. 342; Im Thurn in Trans. Linn. Soc. Ser. 2, vol. i. p. 249; Ridley

Ll. c. p. 282; Veitch Man. Orchid. pars ii. p. 40.

C. pumila, Schomb. Reise in Brit. Guian. vol. iii. p. 1068 (non Hook, Bot. Mag.

t. 3656).

A reference to the plate of Cattleya Skinnert (t. 4270)

in this Magazine shows a remarkably close resemblance

between that plant and this, so close, indeed, that it

would not be easy to distinguish them by words for

botanical purposes, except that the pseudobulbs of Law-

renceana are monophyllous. C. Skinneri is a native of

Guatemala, and assuming the above-cited figure to repre-

sent the plant in a normal state, its flowers differ from

those of Lawrenceana in being smaller with much shorter

and broader sepals and petals, and a much shorter tube

of the lip, the limb of which is less crenulate, and by the

throat of the latter being bright yellow. The colour of

the whole flower of C. Skinneri is more dingy, and though

called in the description “ brilliant rosy” in one place, in

another it is described (more in accordance with the

plate) as “of the most lovely lilac-purple tint imagin-

able.” On the other hand, C. Lawrenceana is described by

Warner as having rosy-purple flowers, with a dark purple

band in front of the white throat of the lip; but I do

not find the latter character in any published drawing of

SEPTEMBER Ist, 1890.

this species. Referring to the excellent descriptions of

both in Veitch’s Manual (Pt. ii.), the chief difference lies

in the number of leaves, for their flowers appear to be of

the same dimensions, and in both to vary to white.

The discoverers of this splendid Orchid were the brothers

Schomburgk, who found it at the base of Roraima, when

employed by the British Government in surveying the

boundaries of British Guiana with Brazil and Venezuela.

Sir Robert Schomburgk, however, assumed it to be C.

pumila, Hook., which is a Brazilian Lelia, erroneously

supposed to be Demararan (not C. Mossie, as stated in

Veitch’s Manual and other works), as determined by Mr.

Ridley from an examination of Schomburgk’s drawings

preserved in the British Museum. It was next met with

in the same locality by Mr. Siedel, when collecting for

Messrs. Sanders and Co., and shortly afterwards by Mr. Im

Thurn during his remarkable journey and ascent to the

Supposed inaccessible summit of Roraima.

The following is Mr. Im Thurn’s account of the habitat

of C. Lawrenceana, and of the vegetation of Roraima, pub-

lished in the Linnean Society’s Transactions cited above :—

_ “It was here, too (at the base of Roraima), in the deep

cuttings made by the river (Kookenaam), and half filled up

with huge blocks of stone, that are now overgrown with

large trees and shrubs, that one of the most famous of all

Roraima plants grows—Cattleya Lawrenceana.”

** This Cattleya is doubtless the one*collected by the

Schomburgk brothers, and enumerated by Richard Schom-

burgk as C. pumila; for it appears to be the only repre-

sentative of this genus occurring on this side, at least of

oraima, and this wags the only side visited by the —

Schomburgks, It grows apparently not high up upon the

mountain, but on the gnarled tree-trunks close to the —

water, in the clefts through which the Kookenaam and _

some of its small tributary streams flow, at the height of —

about three thousand seven hundred to four thousand feet

above the sea. At tke time of our visit Mr. Siedel, an

orchid-collector, having set the natives to work to collect

the plant for hi

_ tm, I have seen ten or twelve of these

people come into camp, afternoon after afternoon, each

laden with a basket (a good load for a man) full of these

lovely plants, many of them in full fower. One day I

myself, having gone down to the Kookenaam to bathe,

gathered, just round the small pool I chose for the purpose, .

two most glorious clumps of this Orchid, the better of the

two having five spikes of flowers, of which one bore nine,

each of the others eight blossoms—in all forty-one of some

of the largest and finest Cattleya flowers ever seen on a single

small plant, the roots of which easily lay on my extended

hand.”

The plant here figured flowered in the Royal Gardens in

March of the present year.—J. D. H,

Fig. 1, Column and anther; 2, anther; 3, pollinia :—all enlarged.

7134,

M.S.del, JN Fitch ith

ooksDay & Sonim

Vincent Br

Tap. 7184,

CELMISIA Linpsayt.

Native of New Zealand.

Nat. Ord. Comrositm.—Tribe AsTEROIDEs.

Genus Cetmista, Cassini; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 278.)

Crermista Lindsayi ; rhizomate repente, foliis 2-4 pollicaribus lineari-oblongis

lanceolatisve obtusiusculis remote denticulatis coriaceis supra levibus

glabris subtus appresse niveo-tomentosis nervis paucis obscuris, scapo

gracili puberulo, bracteis linearibus, capitulo 2 poll. diam., involucri cylin-

dracei glabri viridis bracteis multiseriatis linearibus acuminatis appressis,

ligulis ad 30 vix biseriatis lmearibus albis non recurvis, disci corollis aureis

tubo basi incrassato, antheris basi obtusis, acheniis teretiusculis sericeis.

C. Lindsayi, Hook. f. Handbook of the New Zealand Flora, p. 132; Lindsay,

Contrib. to New Zeald. Bot. p. 58, t. 3, f. 1.

Under C. spectabilis, Plate 6658, I have made a few

observations on the Celmisias, the great Daisies of New

Zealand, and their value as cultivated plants; but nume-

rous as they are, nearly thirty species being known, almost

all attempts to raise and flower them from seed have proved

unavailing; in fact, the only two that are known to me

in cultivation are the present and the one above alluded

to. Their near allies, the shrubby Eurybias and Olearias

of the same islands, grow fairly well in the latitude

of London, but not with the luxuriance which they

attain in the west of England and Ireland; and as

some of them inhabit the same country and even

localities as some Celmisias, there is every reason to hope

that many of the latter may find as congenial conditions

m the rock garden as Dr. Balfour tells me that C. specta-

bilis has in the Edinburgh Botanical Gardens. aay

C. Lindsayi was discovered by the late Dr. Lauder Lind-

say during a visit which he made to New Zealand

on trap cliffs at the mouth of the Cluthe River, Shaw's

Bay, in the province of Otago. It differs from the

normal species in the obtuse bases of the anther-cells, in

which it resembles an Hrigeron, and invalidates the chief

character by which Celmisia is distinguished from that

Seprember Ist, 1890. '

genus. In the uniseriate ray flowers with rather broad

ligule it more resembles Aster, differing in the terete

achene. In his notes on the Botany of the Island, Dr.

Lindsay states that the soft cottony matter on the leaves —

of some species of Celmisia forms balls or concretions in

the stomachs of animals that obstruct the passage of food

through the intestines, and so frequently causes fatal

disease.

The specimen here figured is considerably larger than

the native ones collected and figured by Dr. Lindsay, in

which also the ray corollas are faintly lilac. It was received

at Kew in 1884 from the Edinburgh Botanical Gardens,

and flowered in May of the present year in a cold pit.

Mr. Lindsay informs me that Mr. Max Leichtlin sent the

plant to Edinburgh some years ago, that it has not yet

flowered there in the open ground, and that it requires

eats in winter, but from damp rather than from

cold.

Descr. Stems densely tufted from a stout rootstock,

nearly as thick as a swan’s quill, and three to six inches

long, upper parts densely leafy. Leaves two to four inches

long, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, obscurely

distantly denticulate, very coriaceous, smooth, dark green,

glabrous and shiny above, beneath clothed with snow-

white appressed tomentum; nerves beneath few, obscure,

and midrib green. Scape five to six inches high, slender, —

flexuous ; bracts linear, green, lower one to two inches

long, with recurved margins, white beneath. Involucre

cylindric, glabrous; bracts many-seriate, linear, acuminate,

appressed. Lay flowers thirty to forty, spreading but

not recurved ; margins recurved, tips minutely three-

toothed. Disk flowers yellow. Stamens with obtuse bases.

“ oD ies silky ; pappus of few rigid unequal bristles.

Fig. 1, Flower of ray; 2, its pa bristles : ee ip |

d, style-arms of disk flower a eh i Rey Homer oh aks 6 ;

771335.

Vincent BrooksDay®'

-MS.del JNFitaylith.

Tas. 7136.

IRIS (Juno) Rosenpacuiana.

Native of Central Asia.

Nat. Ord. Irtipem.—Tribe MorxEx.

Genus Iris, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 636.)

Iris (Juno) Rosenbachiana ; bulbo parum incrassato tunicis membranaceis,

foliis 83-5 lanceolatis faleatis ad anthesin flore brevioribus marginibus

haud incrassatis, caulibus brevissimis 1-3-floris, spathw valvis lanceolatis

viridibus, perianthii tubo elongato, limbo versicolori seepissime purpureo

vel lilacino, segmentis exterioribus oblongo-cuneatis infra; apicem luteo

carinatis ungue pulchre striato, segmentis interioribus parvis patulis

_ oblanceolatis, styli cristis magnis oblique ovatis.

I. Rosenbachiana, Regel Descr. pt. ix. p. 85; G@artenfl. vol. xxxv. (1886),

pp. 409, 617, t. 1227; Foster ia Gard. Chron. 1887, vol. i. p. 90; 1859,

vol. i. p. 5380; Garden, tab. 653, fig. 2.

This is a new bulbous Iris, allied to persica, caucasica,

orchivides and palestina, which seems likely to be very

popular. It was first found not many years ago by the

Russian botanists on the mountains of Turkestan and

Bokhara, at an elevation of from six thousand to nine

thousand feet above sea-level, and has been widely dis-

tributed by Dr. Regel. Professor Foster says that ‘it is

quite hardy in England, and more variable in the colouring

of the flower than any other species of the genus. Full

details of the range of variation will be found in his two

papers in the “ Gardener’s Chronicle,’ above cited. Our

drawing was made partly from plants that flowered at Kew

last February, and partly from material furnished by Pro-

fessor Foster. ; ‘

Descr. Bulb ovoid, little swollen, with thick root-fibres

and membranous tunics. Produced leaves three to five,

little falcate, lanceolate, short at the flowering time, finally

six or eight inches long, one and a half or two inches

broad ; margins little thickened. Stem very short, bear-

ing one to three flowers. Spathe-valves lanceolate, about

two inches long, green at the flowering time. Perianth-

tube generally about three inches long, sometimes half a

SErtemBeER Ist, 1890,

foot ; limb two inches long, very variable in colour ; outer

segments obovate-cuneate, with a reflexing blade shorter

than the ascending claw, generally dark violet-purple

towards the tip, with a slaty lilac claw with a bright

yellow keel and darker lilac veins; inner segments oblan-

ceolate, concolorous, pale lilac, about an inch long, spread-

ing horizontally. Style-branches above an inch long;

crests very large, oblique ovate.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1, An anther, front view; 2, an anther, back view; 3, apex of style,

with crests :—all enlarged.

7136.

\~o

Vincent Brooks Day & Sonlinp.

MS del, SN-Fitch ith.

Tas. 7136,

REINWARDTIA terraayna. »

Native of the Rast Indies.

ge. Nat. Ord. Linex.—Tribe Eviinea.

Genus Remnwarptia, Dumort ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 248.)

ReEInwarptia tetragyna ; foliis elliptico-lanceolatis oblanceolatisve acuminatis

crenato-serratis, in petiolum brevem angustatis pallide viridibus, floribus

in corymbos terminales sessiles dispositis, sepalis elliptico-lanceolatis

acuminatis, petalis pallide aureis.

R. tetragyna, Planch. in Hook. Lond, Journ. Bot. vol, vii. p. 523; Hook. f. Fl.

Brit. Ind. vol. i. p. 412; Rev. Hortic. vol. xiv. pp. 7 and 27, cum Ie.

Linum tetragynum, Coleb. in Wall. Cat. No. 1506; Clarke in Journ. Linn.

Soc. vol. xxv. p. 9; Collett in Proceedings of Simla Nat. Hist, Soc. 1886

(Clarke 1. ¢.).

A very common inhabitant of the same parts of India as

h. trigyna, figured in this work as Linum trigynum (see

Plate 1100), and so closely allied to it, that it is doubtful

of one. In the form here figured it is a very different-

looking plant, with longer acuminate serrated leaves of a

lighter colour, and paler yellow larger flowers than those

of the form of L. trigynum now in cultivation, though a

reference to the plate of this work cited above shows that

as then cultivated the flowers of 2. trigyna were quite as

large. The character upon which the two species were

both founded and named, that of three and four styles, is

a very fallible one, for the styles of 2. tetragyna vary from

three to five. , :

A more interesting point in the history of the Rein-

wardtias is that of their trimorphie flowers as regards the

relative lengths of their stamens and styles. That these

organs were di- and trimorphic in various species of Linum

proper was first indicated by Mr. Darwin, in papers com-

municated to the Journal of the Linnean Society of London

(vol. vi. p. 96, and vol. vii. p- 69), wherein the effects of their

relative positions in respect of the fertilization by insects of

the flowers and the amount of seeds produced, is worked

Szpremser Isr, 1890,

out with admirable skill. As regards R. trigyna, its tri-

morphism has been described by Alefeldt (in Bot. Zeitung,

18638, p. 281), and by Urban (in Brandenb. Abhandl. 1880,

p- 18). There is also in the Kew Herbarium a beautiful

series of specimens showing the various modifications in

the length of styles and stamens, preparéd by Gen.

Collett, F.L.S. (now commanding in Assam), and who, in a_

paper read before the Natural History Society of Simla, in

1886, referring to R. trigyna and tetragyna, observes that

the number of styles varies, and that the two species may

not be distinct. ae

ft. tetragyna has been long in cultivation in Kew and

elsewhere, and forms a far finer decorative plant for the

conservatory than any form of R. trigyna hitherto intro-

duced,

Descr. A glabrous shrub two to four feet in height,

with terete branches and herbaceous branchlets. Leaves

crowded near the tips of the branches, four to six inches

long, spreading and decurved, elliptic lanceolate or

oblanceolate, acuminate, obtusely serrulate or crenulate,

narrowed into a short petiole, pale green ; nerves few, strong

beneath, nervules reticulate ; stipules very minute. Flowers

in terminal sessile corymbose cymes; pedicels half to one

inch long. Sepals five, two-thirds of an inch long, elliptic-

lanceolate, acuminate, concave, smooth, erect. lowers

about two inches in diameter. Petals five, pale golden

yellow, claws forming a tube longer than the calyx, each

with a narrow membranous seed on the face; blade two-

thirds to three-fourths of an inch long and broad, broadly

obovate. Stamens five ; filaments slender, erect, united at

the base into a short tube, with a short filiform staminode

between each, and five glands at the base of the tube.

Ovary subglobosé, three- to four-celled, each cell bilocel-

late ; styles three to five, very slender, free or united slightly

at the base, stigmas capitate; ovules one in eac. _ellus.

fectly two-celled one-seeded cocci as there are styles.

Seeds angular, albumen a thin coat over the straight

embryo.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Calyx and stamens; 2, portion of base of tube of filament with one

perfect stamen, alternating with slender staminodes; 4, transverse section of

ovary :—all enlarged.

Sale a sent

77131)

ee eee

OMe Aer

ney oO

/ in

Tas. 113i,

CARAGUATA AnGustrronia.

Native of New Granada.

Nat. Ord. Brownitacea- tribe TILLANDSIEZ,

Genus Caracuata, Lindl. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 668.)

CARAGUATA angustifolia ; acaulis, cespitosa, foliis pluribus linearibus acumi-

_ natis obscure lepidotis facie canaliculatis, pedunculo brevi foliis reductis

occulto, floribus in spicam brevem densam multifariam aggregatis, bracteis

splendide rubris inferioribus ovato-lanceolatis centralibus oblongis, calycis

Segmentis parvis oblongis, corollz lutew tubo cylindrico, segmentis brevi-

bus oblongis obtusis, staminibus ad corolle faucem uniseriatis filamentis

brevissimis, antheris primum connatis demum liberis.

C. angustifolia, Baker in Gard. Chron. N.S. vol. xxii. p. 616; Handb. Bromel.

p. 144. ;

Guzmania Bulliana, André in Rev. Hort. 1886, p. 324,

G. angustifolia, Wittm. in Engler Jahrb, vol. xi. p. 62.

This is a very interesting and distinct dwarf Bromeliad.

Both the bracts and flowers are brightly coloured, and keep

so for a long time, and it differs greatly in habit from all its

allies by its numerous narrow long-pointed leaves. Bo-

tanically it forms a link of connection between Caraguata

and Guzmania, which only differ from one another by the

Stamens of the latter being permanently syngenesious. It

was first flowered at Kew in 1884, the plant being pre-

Sented by Messrs. Veitch, and gathered by Kalbreyer

whilst collecting for them in New Granada. Our drawing

was made from a plant that flowered at Kew this summer.

It has also been collected by Lehmann at a height of

four thousand feet above sea-level on the banks of the Rio

agua.

Bisse Acaulescent, densely tufted. Leaves thirty or

more in a rosette, linear acuminate from an ovate base,

half a foot long, half an inch broad at the base of the

blade, dull green, obscurely lepidote, channelled down the

face. Pedunele three or four inches long, quite hidden by

the crowded stem-leaves. Spike dense, simple, multifarious;

bracts large, bright scarlet, the outer ovate-lanceolate,

Szpremper Isr, 1890.

acuminate, the inner oblong. Calyx (including ovary) half

an inch long; segments oblong, obtuse. Corolla lemon-

yellow, two or twoand a half inches long ; tube cylindrical ;

Segments oblong, obtuse. Stamens inserted in a single

series at the throat ‘of the corolla-tube ; filaments very

short; anthers connate in bud, free in the expanded flower.

Ovary ampulleeform ; Style long; stigmas ovate, not

twisted.— J. G. Baker,

Fig. 1, A flower complete, natural size; 2, top of corolla, cut open; 3, an

anther, seen from the back ; 4, top of style and stigmas :—all enlarged.

“04 |

Vincent Brooks,Day &Son imp

M. S.del, J.N- Fitch hth.

L.Reeve & C®° London

Tas,. 7138,

NEPENTHES Cortisn.

Native of Borneo.

Nat. Ord. NEPENTHACER,

Genus Nrpenturs, Linn, ; (Benth. et Hook. f.Gen. Pl, vol. iii. p. 116 )

Nerenturs Curtisii ; alte scandens, robusta, foliis junioribus petiolis et inflo-

rescentia puberulis, foliis ascidiiferis longe petiolatis lineari-oblongis basi

rotundatis acutisve, apice acutis rotundatis vy. 2-lobis, nervis obscuris,

ascidiis 6-8 poll. longis sub cylindraceis viridibus purpureo marmoratis,

alis (in foliis senioribus obsoletis) dentato-fimbriatis, ore ovato in collum

producto, peristomio lato recurvo tenuiter costato, operculo ovato-

cordato dorso basi et antice infra apicem cornuto, costa intus basi in

laminam brevem producta, deditinila masc. gracili floribusque pubes-

centibus, racemo elongato simplici laxe multiforo, bracteis minutis, pedi-

cellis pollicaribus gracilibus, floribus 4 poll. diam. albis extus stellatim

puberulis, perianthii segmentis ellipticis, staminum columna segmentis

paullo breviore, antheris ad 6-8 oblongis uniseriatis in capitulum de-

pressum connatis,

N. Curtisii, Masters in Gard. Chron. 1887, vol. ii. pp. 681, 689, fig. 183.

This appears to be a very distinct species. Dr. Masters,

who has very carefully described flowerless specimens;

suggests the possibility of its proving (when the flowers

should be known) a form of N. Rafflesiana (Plate 4285) ;

but this last differs in the stout pitchers and dense raceme

of dark red flowers and in the short anthers; or of N.

Boschiana, in which the stem is 3-angled, leaves scaberu-

lous beneath and the male raceme shorter and denser fid.

Its nearest ally appears to me to be N. Veitchii, mihi (N.

villosa, of this work, t. 5080; not the true villosa), which

has uniseriate anthers, and an operculum with a spur under

its tip and a lamella at its base; but which differs in its

very stout habit, and villosity, and in the much broader

leaves and larger pitcher with a very broad peristome and

broader wings, as also in the short stout dense-fid.

racemes.

The plant from which the figure of the inflorescence 1s

taken was obtained from Messrs. Veitch, who imported

the species through Mr. Curtis when collecting for their

firm in Borneo. It flowered in the Royal Gardens in

Octoper 1st, 1890, :

January of this year. The pitcher itself was kindly sent ”

by Mr. Veitch for figuring. :

Desor. A tall climber ; stem stout; young parts petioles —

and inflorescence finely pubescent. Leaves long-petioled, —

linear-oblong, obtuse, six to eight inches long by two to |

four broad, -thinly coriaceous, pale green, midrib yellow —

above, apex rounded, base acute narrowed into a stout —

petiole three to six inches long, and sheathing at the

very base; cirrhus six to eight inches long, slender, yel-

lowish mottled and streaked with red-brown. Pitcher in

its most perfect form eight to ten inches long by two —

broad, nearly cylindric but narrowed towards the base, —

yellow-green mottled and marbled with red-brown ; mouth

ovate, produced upwards into a beak, with a spine at the —

back; peristome half an inch broad, very finely striated, —

brown, denticulate on the margin ; operculum orbicular- |

ovate, acute, margins waved, midrib with a long —

spine on the under surface underneath the tip, and a short —

rounded vertical lamella at the base ; wings continuous —

from the top to near the base of the pitcher, one-fourth of

an inch broad, margined with rather distant red soft sete

as long as the wing is broad ; pitcher, from lower leaves are —

more trumpet-shaped with narrow win gsornone. Pedun-—

cle of male fl. four to six inches long, pubescent, green, a8

thick as a thin quill. Male raceme eight to ten inches —

long, unbranched, lax-fid., erect; rachis rather slender, —

green; bracts minute; pedicels an inch long, solitary or

1n pairs, slender, pubescent. Male flowers half an inch in ~

diameter, white ; sepals elliptic, obtuse, reflexed, pubescent —

without, glabrous and glandular within, Staminal column —

nearly as long as the segments of the perianth; anthers —

tebe oblong, uniseriate in a depressed

TE Gy BRN ee error ea reas eee

Fig. 1, Flower bud; 2, flower :—both enlarged.

Vinoert Beocka Dey & Son imp

M S.del, JN Fitch kth.

TAB: 713%.

VANDA AmeEsIANA. ;

Native of Cambodia.

Nat. Ord, Orncuiprz.—Tribe Vanpex.

Genus Vanna, Br.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 578.)

Vanva Amesiana ; caule brevi radicibusque crassis, foliis crassis rigidis ‘semi-

teretibus supra concavis vy. profunde canaliculatis junioribus pugioni-

formibus a basi semiathplexicaule ad apicem acutam sensim attenuatis,

racewo valido simplici v. ramoso stricto viridi purpureo maculato laxe

multifloro, bracteis parvis, floribus I-11 poll. diametro, sepalis petalisque

ovato-oblongis obtusis subsimilibus albidis, labello sepalis breviore late

panduriformi albo rogeo striato lobis lateralibus brevibus rotundatis,

terminali late cuneato truncato undulato lateribus deflexis, disco 5-carinato

carinis intra apicem obsoletis basi in callum quadratum postice lobatum

reflexnm desinentibus, calcare brevi conico obtuso.

V. Amesiana, Reichh. f. in Gard. Chron. 1887, 1. p. 764 (name only); 1889,

i, 233; Warner &§ Williams’. Orchid. Ald. vol. vii. t. 296. Co

I find no published description of this plant by Reichen-

bach; the first notice of it which I have discovered is

under “‘ Orchid Notes and Gleanings ” in the 1887 volume

of the “ Gardener’s Chronicle.’’ There is however a very

fair figure with description in Warner and Williams’ Orchid

Album, though the figure gives no more idea than does ours

of the great size and number of the panicles that the plant

bears. According to the accounts given of an- imported

lot in the “‘ Gardener’s Chronicle,” the inflorescence attains

a height of two feet six inches, and one imported specimen

is described as bearing eight panicles and 600 flower buds.

Reichenbach suggests that there may have been more than

one species in that imported lot, but I know of no confirm-

ation of this hypothesis. : ee

V. Amesiana is a remarkable species, differing from all

others known to me in the enormously stout stem and roots,

and the hard rigid leaves, the young of which are strict

and like poinards with a groove down the blade, the older

are broader and recurved, concave on the upper surface

and terete on the back. The flowers are sweet-scented.

The specimen here figured was procured. from Messrs.

OcToBER lst, 1890.

Hugh Low and Co. of Clapton in 1888, and flowered in

January of this year. pee

Descr. Stem two to three inches or more long, cylindric,

as thick as the thumb, greenish-brown ; stem-roots short,

white, one to two inches long, fully one-third of an inch in

diameter. Leaves close set, very fleshy and rigid, narrowed

from the semiamplexicaul base to the acute tip, the younger

- four to six inches long and poinard-shaped with a groove

down the centre, the older longer, six to eight inches,

recurved, semi-terete with a concave face and rounded back,

the margins rounded dark green. Peduncle stout, erect,

with the strict simple or branched twenty to eighty

- flowered racemes ten to twenty-four inches long ; peduncle -

and rachis green blotched with red-brown. Bracts short,

semicircular, white. Flowers one to one and a half inches

diam. ; perianth white with faint rosy ridges on the lip ;

pedicel with ovary one inch long, white streaked with rose

on the ribs of the latter. Sepals and petals subsimilar,

ovate-oblong, very obtuse. Lip nearly as long as the

sepals, broadly cuneate, truncate, undulate; side lobes

small, rounded, white; mid-lobe with decurved sides and

- five ridges on the disk, which are not continued to the .

_ Margin in front, and behind converge into a quadrate

reflexed callus with crenate tip which lies between the

_ lateral lobes; spur pointing backwards, short, conical, white.

Column short, thick, white ; anther small, obtusely beaked ;

| pollinia globose, strap linear, rather broad, gland broad,

semicircular.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Lip; 2, column; 3, anther; 4 and 5, pollinia :—all enlarged.

7140

VincentBrooks Day & Sa"

M.S. del, IN -Fitdh ith.

FE BL eee ee

Tap. 7140.

IRIS Danrorprm.

Native of Armenia.

Nat. Ord. In1ipz#.—Tribe MormeE2.

Genus Iris, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 686.)

Ixis (micropogon) Danfordie ; bulbo anguste ovoideo, tunicis elongatis pallide

brunneis arcte intertextis, radicibus fibrosis, foliis 2-3 hysteranthiis anguste

linearibus glabris 4-gonis angulis costatis, scapo brevissimo, spathw uni-

florze valvis 2 linearibus membranaceis, pedicello ovario cylindraceo wqui-

longo, perianthii pallide aurantiaci tubo 1} pollicari, segmentis exterioribus

oblongo-spathulatis lamina oblonga obtusa v. acuta reflexa obscure bar-

bata v. nuda sparse fusco v. viridi punctata, interioribus minimis subulatis

porrectis, styli ramis luteis perianthium subsequantibus bifidis lobis

dimidiato-ovatis acutis, staminibus } poll. longis, antheris linearibus

citrinis filamento longioribus.

I. Danfordiw, Baker in Journ. Bot. 1876, p. 265.

I. Bornmuelleri, Haussk. in Flora, 1889, p. 140.

I. Amasiana, Born. in Meller. Gardn. Zeit. (ex Haussk. in sched.).

Iris Danfordie was discovered by the lady whose name

it bears, on the Cilician Taurus, in the beginning of March,

1875, at an elevation of about four thousand feet. The

exact spot wa’ on the northern side of the Amascha Moun-

tain, which is a continuation of the Ala Dagh range. In

1889 it was gathered in the same mountains by Herr

Bornmueller, Inspector of the Belgrade Botanical Gardens,

and dedicated in the same year by Haussknecht, to that

traveller, with the observation that J. Danfordie differs

from it in the thin texture of the tunic of its bulb, a dis-

tinction that the specimens do not confirm.

The specimen figured was grown from roots sent by

Herr Max Leichtlin in 1889, and flowered in a cool

frame in the Royal Gardens in February of this year.

Flowers have also been communicated by Mr. Gumbleton,

and leaves by Baron von St. Paul, of Fischbach, in Silesia.

It is very fragrant. : ;

Descr. Dwarf. Root narrowly ovoid, about an inch

long, clothed with a subcylindric tumic one to one and a

half inch long.of pale brown interlaced fibres, that reach

OcropeR Ist, 1890.

the same height, and form a truncate mouth to the tunic;

roots fibrous. Flowering stem two to four inches high,

closely invested with many obtuse or subacute imbricating

pale sheaths. Leaves produced after flowering, twice as —

long as the flowering stem, narrowly linear, hollow, four-

angled, with thickened angles, tip suddenly contracted into

an oblique cusp. Scape very short. Spathes two, linear,

membranous, one-flowered ; pedicel about as long as the

cylindric ovary. Perianth about an inch and a half in

diameter; tube an inch and a half long ; outer segments

oblong-spathulate, obtuse or acute, orange-yellow, with a

few brown or greenish spots; upper third reflexed; disk

with an obscure beard or none; inner segments minute, with

subulate tips that project between the base of the outer.

Style as long as the perianth, golden yellow, bifid; lobes

seml-ovate, acute. Stamens with linear yellow anthers,

which are larger than the filaments.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Transverse section of leaf; 2, stamen; 3, portion of style showing

the stigma :—all enlarged.

icent Brooks Day & Sanam :

: Tas: VIAL,

CLERODENDRON panieoarom,

Native of Eastern Tropical Asia.

Nat. Ord. Verpenacex.—Tribe VITICER,

Genus Cieropenpron, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. ii. p. 1155.)

CLERODENDRON paniculatum ; fruticosum, puberulum, ramis _teretiusculis,

ramulis 4-gonis, foliis inferioribus amplis longe petiolatis orbiculatis —

hastatisve acnminatis cuspidatisve-profunde cordatis lobis incumbentibus

breviter 5-lobis lobis acutis basi trinerviis, supra lete viridibus, subtus sub

lente creberrime lepidotis, axillis fimbriatis, supremis sessilibus, panicule

ramis brachiatis apices versus cymoso-multifloris, inferioribus erectis

supremis decurvis, floribus coccineis flavis v. albidis, calycis parvi seg-

mentis oblongis obtusis, coroll hypocrateriformis tubo gracili calyce

pluries longiore, limbi lobis subeequalibus patentibus oblongis obtusis,

filamentis corolla multoties longioribus, antheris parvis, ovario glaberrimo,

stigmatibus angustis. R

C. panicnlatum, Linn. Mant. p. 90; Ait. Hort. Kew. Ed. 2, vol. iv. p. 64;

“ahl. Symb. vol. ii. p. 74; Bot. Reg. t. 406; Reichb, Fl. Exot, t. 208;

Schauer in DC. Prodr. vol. xi. p: 668; Clarke in Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. iv.

p. 593.

C. splendidum, Wall. Cat. No. 1803. @

Volkameria angulata, Lour. FZ. Cochin. p- 389.

A very widely distributed shrub in Kastern Asia, and a

great ornament, whether in the jungle or in gardens. In

Hastern India proper it ranges from Tenasserim southwards 7

throughout the Malayan Peninsula; whence it extends to

Java, Siam, Cochin China, Eastern China and For-

mosa. It varies a good deal in the form of the leaves —

from orbicular in outline to hastate, and in colour from

its usual scarlet to white or yellowish. The panicles are

often a foot and more high, and almost as broad. Accord-

ing to Ker, who published an excellent figure and descrip-

tion of it in the Botanical Register, it was introduced into

England in 1809, from Penang, by Mr. Evan, of pen

Seeds of C. paniculatum were sent to Kew ear y *

1888 by G. M. H. Playfair, Esq., H. B. M. eget at

Taiwan, in Formosa, which germinated, and the wees

grew so rapidly in a stove that by the end rege ‘i in

the following year they had formed a branching shrub two

Octoxer Isr, 1890.

feet high, and bore the brilliant inflorescence lrere repre-

sented.

Dusor. A branching puberulous shrub, two to three feet

high, with terete green stems and herbaceous four-angled

branches, bearing spreading panicles of scarlet flowers ; in-

ternodes of branches and panicles fimbriate. Leaves three

to six inches in diameter, orbicular or hastately cordate,

acuminate or cuspidate, shortly, broadly, acutely five-lobed, |

base three nerved and deeply cordate with overlapping

lobes, bright green above, beneath pale, and clothed with

minute lepidote scales ; upper leaves small, shortly petioled

or sessile. Panicle a span to a foot long, and nearly as

broad, with leafy bracts at the internodes ; rachis green,

tetragonous; branches opposite, three to six inches long,

the lower pairs suberect, the upper horizontal and droop-

ing, all bearing towards their apex a many-fid. cyme of

drooping usually scarlet flowers with subulate bracteoles ;

pedicels rather short. Calyx segments subequal, one-sixth

of an inch long, oblong, obtuse. Corolla tubes half an

inch long, slender, terete, three or four times as long as the

calyx ; limb of five oblong obtuse spreading lobes about as

long as the tube. Stamens two to three times as long as

the corolla ; filaments very slender, scarlet ; anthers small,

greenish. Ovary glabrous ; style slender, stigmatic arms

subulate.—J_D.H. ;

_ _ Fig. 1, Portion of under surface of leaf ; 2, lepidote scale from the same ;

3, portion of calyx and ovary; 4 and 5, anthers; 6, style :—adl enlarged.

Tas. 7142.

SACCOLABIUM putuxom.

Native of Burma.

Nat. Ord. Orcuiper.—Tribe VANDER.

Genus Saccotasium, Blume ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol, iii. p. 578.)

Saccorazium (Calceolaria) Lellinum ; caule brevi robusto, foliis loriformib.s

medio canaliculatis apice 2-fidis lobis inequalibus obtusis, pedunculo

brevi crasso multifloro, floribus corymbosis 1~1} poll. latis, sepalis petalis-

que subsimilibus crassis obovatis obtusis aurantiacis ru ro-purpureo

maculatis, labelli sacco he nispherico, lobis lateralibus nullis, limbo lunato

albo basi aureo rubro maculato margine eroso, disco antice aspero postice

spinulis mollibus dense obsito, columna brevissima crassa, rostello brevi

recurvo, anthera 2-loba.

8. bellinum, Reichd. J. in Gard. Chron. 1884, vol. i. P. 174, and 1887, vol. i.

p- 145; Warner & Williams’s Orchid. Alb. t. 156; Hook. Fl. Brit. Ind.

vol. vi. p. 61 (ined.)

Saccolabium bellinum belongs to the section Calceolaria,

which consists of eighty or more species, distinguished by

their short stems, lorate rather flaccid leaves, and short

stout peduncles bearing corymbs of flowers of a very uni-

form Structure; the petals and sepals are subsimilar, equal

and fleshy, obovate, obtuse, yellow, and usually more or

less blotched with red or purple; the lip consists of a

bucket-like sac, the mouth of which is truncate or raised

on either side with short side lobes or ears, and the limb

or midlobe of the lip is horizontal and lunate, embracing

the anterior part of the sac just below its mouth, and

having an erose or fimbriate margin, and thickened,

Smooth, or echinate and ciliate disk. As thus defined the

Section is well distinguished from all other Saccolabia,

except section Acampe, which differs chiefly in having a

longer stem, rigid keeled leaves and a more strongly

tubercled or thickened midlobe of the lip. Lindley, indeed,

regards Acampe as a genus, no doubt overlooking the fact

that its most essential characters were those of the Calceo-

laria section of Saccolabium.

All the species of the Calceolaria section are natives of

tropical India and the Malayan Peninsula and Islands ; two

Ocrosgr Ist, 1890.

have been previously figured in this work, namely, S._

denticulatum (Plate 4772), which is possibly not the plant

first published under that name in Paxton’s Magazine

(v. vil. t. 145), having a thickly fimbriate midlobe of the

lip. 2, S. bigibbum (Plate 5767), a species with much

shorter leaves, unspotted flowers and a fimbriate lip with

a smooth disk that bears a two-lobed callus. 8. bellinum

is much the largest flowered species of the section, if not

of the genus; it was first sent from Burma by the collector

Boxall, and is, as yet, only known as a cultivated plant.

The specimen here figured was purchased at an auction in

1884; it flowers yearly in early spring, and remains in

this condition for a month or more.

Descr. Stem three to four inches long, as thick as a

swan’s quill. Leaves close set, distichous, four to eight

inches long, lorate, deeply unequally bifid, channelled

above, pale green. Pedunele short, stout, recurved, dark

green speckled with brown. Flowers one to one and a

quarter inches in diameter, corymbose; bracts short, oblong,

obtuse, brown ; pedicel with ovary two-thirds of an inch

long, stout. Perianth segments spreading and incurved,

fleshy, obovate-oblong, obtuse, yellow, blotched with red-

brown or purplish brown. Jip a hemispheric, yellowish,

spotted fleshy sac with a truncate mouth, and a lunate

white limb with a yellow spotted thickening at the very

base, margin of limb erose, surface echinulate, the pro-

cesses rising into long erect soft papille or spines at the

base of the limb. Column very short and thick, rostellum

short, recurved ; anther two-lobed ; pollinia globose, strap

linear ; gland bifid—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Column and lip;

: 2, . + 3 . ° eat th ¥3

"4, pollinia all onlaegad. apex of column with pollinia in situ ; 3, anthe ;

MS. del, JN-Fitch hth

L Reeve &C* London

Tas. 7148.

ACINETA peENSA.

Native of Central America.

; Nat. Ord. OrcuipEx.—Tribe VANDEZ.

Genus Actneta, Lindl.; (Benth. et Hook.f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 551.)

Acrnrta densa; pseudobulbis ellipsoideis, foliis oblanceolatis acutis plicatis,

pedunculo brevi, racemo elongato multi- et densifloro pendulo, bracteis

_ oblongis pallidis punctatis, floribus magnis flavis, sepalis late ovato-

oblongis obtusis concavis, petalis minoribus obovato-oblongis obtusis

pallide maculatis, labelli aurei maculati breviter unguiculati hypochilo

concavo intus versus apicem dente obtuso aucto, lobis lateralibus amplis

erectis subreniformibus basi angustatis, lobo terminali parvo lineari-

oblongo ineurvo apice dilatato supra concavo basi contracto verruccoso’

plagis magnis sanguineo-rubris ornato, disco inter lobos laterales callo

magno late 3-carinato et postice et antice crenato instructo, columna

elongata crassa dorso pubescente antice maculata superne 2-alata.

A. densa, Lindl. in Pact, Fl. Gard. vol. i. p. 91, fig. 63; Reichb. f. in Walp.

Ann. vol. i. p. 784, vol. iii. p. 546, vol. vi. p. 610; Orchid. Centr. Amer.

p. 21, t.3; Floral Magaz. vol. i. p. 16.

A. Warscewiczii, Klotzsch in Allg. Gartenzeit. 1852, p. 145.

A magnificent orchid, from the great length of its many-

flowered raceme, which attains three feet, its large flowers

and their colour, which is a clearer yellow than any of

the ‘genus hitherto described except A. chrysantha.

Lindley regarded it as nearest to A. Banksti, from which

it differs in its more concave hypochile, with the tooth

hot warted at the base, in its remarkably warted epichile,

its long column, and other characters. It is a native

of Tulialba in Costa Rica, whence it was sent by the late Mr.

Skinner in 1849 to the Royal Horticultural Society. Under

eddemannia Pescatoret, Plate 7123, I made some obser-

vations on that genus, and on Peristeria and Acineta and

their allies, in which I have stated that the latter genus 1s

distinguished by its short thick column; but this charac-

ter must, I fear, be given up as distinctive, for the column

Of A. densa is ag long and hardly more stout than that of

the above cited Lueddemannia, as a comparison of the two

gures will show. The fact is that the columns are not

Well represented in the published figures of several Acinetas ;

Novemser Ist, 1890, : -

and where it is, this organ is decidedly short and thick.

If Lueddemannia is to be kept generically separated from

Acineta the characters must be drawn from the form of the —

calli and side lobes of the lip, which in my opinion are only —

sufficient for sectional purposes, when the habit and other —

characters are the same. A. densa flowered simultaneously

in the Glasnevin Botanical Gardens and at Kew, in October —

of last year. The portion of a raceme here figured is from

the former source, the foliage from the latter.

Descr. Pseudobulbs tufted, three to four inches long, —

narrowly ellipsoid or fusiform, smooth, sheathed at the —

base. Leaves three to four on the pseudobulb, twelve to

eighteen inches long by two to three inches broad, obian-

eeolate, acute, bright green, plaited. Peduncle short,

Stout, sheathed; raceme two to three feet long, very many

and dense-fid., pendulous; rachis stout, green; bracts

half an inch long, oblong, acute, pale brown, speckled ;

pedicel with ovary an inch long, very stout; flowers pale —

golden yellow, perianth connivent. Sepals nearly two —

inches long, ovate-oblong, obtuse, fleshy, very concave. —

Petals smaller, more obovate, concave, speckled with red

round the edges, and with larger scattered pale spots over

the surface. Lip very thick and fleshy, rather longer than

the petals ; claw or hypochile broad, short, concave ; side

_ lobes large, subreniform, erect, concave, narrowed at the —

_ base, spotted like the petals; mid-lobe much smaller and

shorter than the side lobes, very thick and fleshy, narrow,

meurved with a rather dilated subquadrate concave tip,

golden yellow with large prunella blotches towards the

base; disk with a long saddle-like three-ridged callus

between the side lobes, which has crenate truncate ends.

Column long, stout, pubescent, with rounded wings above

the middle ; anther small; pollinia pyriform ; strap linear,

gland rather small._—J. D. H. |

Fig. 1, Lip and column seen laterally: 2 : er 4

8, column 4, pollinia :—all Oa y; 2, the same viewed i

Tas. 7144.

EUCHARIS Baxeriana.

Native of the United States of Columbia,

Nat. Ord. AmaryYLLIpEe.—Tribe AMARYLLES.

Genus Evcnanris, Planch. ; (Benth. et Hook. f.Gen. Pl. vol.iii. p. 731.)

Evcnaris Bakeriana; bulbis ovoideis, foliis 8-12-pollicaribns ellipticis v.

elliptico-lanceolatis acutis multistriatis saturate viridibus in petiolum

crassum elongatum basi angustatis, scapo subcompresso glauco, umbella

4-6 flora, spathis 2, 1-2 pollicaribus elongato-lanceolatis, pedicellis 3-2

pollicaribus, perianthii tubo 1}-pollicari albo medio decurvo cylindraceo

Superne infundibulari, limbo 2} poll. diamet. segmentis ovatis obtusis v.

subacutis recurvis albis, interioribus paullo majoribus, staminum coronw

lobis rotundatis retusis albis medio pallide stramineis, filamentis subulatis,

antheris linearibus, ovario depresso trilobo basi et apice intruso viridi,

loculis pauci-ovulatis.

E. Bakeriana, V. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1890, vol. i. p. 416, fig. 61.

Eucharis grandiflora, figured at Plate 4971 (better known

as L. amazonica), and HH. candida, Planch, were for many

years the only recorded species of the genus. Seven are _

now known, all natives of the Andes of Columbia, and all

having the same characters of habit and foliage. I am

indebted to Mr. J. G. Baker, F.RB.S., for the following

‘resumé of them. Of these seven, H. subedentata, Benth.

Caliphruria edentata, Baker in Bot. Mag. t. 6289) may be

recognized at a glance by its small flowers. EB. Sandervi,

Baker (in Bot. Mag. t. 6676) differs from all of the other

fine large-Alowered species in the staminal cup being almost

wholly adnate to the tube of the perianth. E. Lehmannt,

Regel (in Gartenfi. t. 1300, f. 1) has two very large teeth

Baker (in Bot. Mag. t. 6831) has only a very narrow free

Staminal tube; it may be a hybrid between grandiflora and

Sanderii, EH. candida, Planch. (in Flora des Serres, t. 788)

has much smaller flowers than H. grandiflora or Bakeriana,

together with nearly free filaments, that are quadrate at

the base. H, grandiflora, Planch. (in Bot. Mag. t. 4971

E. amazonica, Hort. Lind.), the best known species, has

large flowers and a broad staminal tube, with the lobes

connate nearly throughout. Lastly L. Bakeriana has,

Novemszr Ist, 1890.

speaking broadly, the perianth of grandiflora and the

stamen of candida.

The specimen of H. Bakeriana here figured was sent to —

Kew in January and again in May of this year, in full

flower, by Messrs. F. Sander and Co., of St. Albans, by

Dzscr. Bulb ovoid, sheathed with brown scales. Leaves

four to five, stoutly petioled ; blade ten to eighteen inches

long by three to six inches broad, elliptic, subacute or

acuminate, narrowed into a petiole, closely striate by many

obscure nerves, very dark green; petiole about as long as

the blade. Scape ten to eighteen inches high, as thick as

a swan’s quill, slightly compressed, smooth, green ; spathes

two, narrowly lanceolate from a broad base, two to three

inches long; umbels four- to six-flowered; pedicels one

half to two inches, stout, green. Flowers two and a half

inches in diameter, pure white; tube of perianth one and

a half inches long, slender, decurved from below the middle,

funnel-shaped at the base of the six spreading ovate or

oblong subaeute or obtuse segments; the inner segments

rather the longer and more elliptic. Staminal crown free

to the base of the segments ; of six filaments with rounded

or retuse coherent bases, and suddenly contracted into

subulate upper halves; anthers linear. Ovary depressed,

intruded at the base and top, deeply three-lobed, three-

celled ; style slender, stigma shortly 3-lobed; ovules few

in each cell.—J. D. A, ; :

Figs. 1 and 2, at ; i ; section of

ovary :—all eilerge gta 3, style and stigma; 4, transverse

7145

EF nank Broce Dare Son lp

el. J.N.Fitch hth.

£S.d.

sR. 714.

TRIS sinpDJARENSIS.

Native of Mesopotamia.

Nat. Ord. Intpra.—Tribe Morzea,

Genus Iris, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, Pl. vol. iii. p. 636.)

Iris (Juno) sindjarensis ; bulbo oblongo tunicis membranaceis, foliis distichis

lanceolatis confertis firmis viridibus, caule brevissimo 1-2-cephalo foliis

occulto, spathz valvis exterioribus lanceolatis viridibus, perianthii

lilacini tubo elongato, segmentis exterioribus oblongo-cuneatis crista lutea

inconspicua carinatis, segmentis interioribus oblongo-unguiculatis parvis

deflexis, styli cristis ovatis imbricatis reflexis.

I. sindjarensis, Boiss. et Haussk. in Boiss. Fl. Orient. vol. v. p. 422.

This is another of the bulbous species of Iris allied to

caucasica, orchioides, and palestina. It is distinguished by

its short stem, crowded green lanceolate leaves, and lilac

flowers. It was discovered about 1865 in Mesopotamia by

Dr. Haussknecht, in one of those journeys which have added

so much to our knowledge of Oriental plants. Much later

it was introduced into cultivation by our esteemed corre-—

-spondent, Herr Max Leichtlin of Baden Baden ; and our

drawing was made from a plant which he sent to the Royal

Gardens which flowered in a cool frame last February.

Desor. Rootstock an oblong bulb, with cylindrical root-

fibres; outer tunics membranous. Produced leaves about

eight, crowded, lanceolate, distichous, acuminate, firm,

bright green, an inch broad. Stem very short, hidden by

the leaves, bearing one or two clusters of flowers ; spathes

two inches long; outer valves lanceolate, pale green at the

flowering time. Perianth slaty lilac ; tube protruded about

an inch from the spathe ; outer segments oblong cuneate, —

two inches long, under an inch broad, slaty lilac with

radiating lines of darker lilac, and with an inconspicuous

yellow crest down the lower two-thirds; inner segments

oblong-unguiculate, an inch long, drooping from between

the claws of the outer segments. Style-branches half an

inch broad; crests ovate, imbricated, reflexed.—J. G.

Baker.

Fig: 1, Front view of anther; 2, back view of anther ; 3, apex of Btyle with

stigma and crests :—all enlarged.

November Ist, 1890. os .

Vincent Brooks Day & eas .

M.S.del, JN Fitch ith.

LReeve & C2 London. =

Tas. 7146,

ARUNDINARIA Simoni. Var. variegata.

Native of Japan. |

Nat. Ord. Gramines.—Tribe BamBusez.

Genus ArunpInaRiIA, Michaux; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 1207.)

ArunpInaRrIA Simoni; culmis ccespitosis gracilibus 12-40-pedalibus, ramulis

fastigiatis gracillimis teretibus superne floriferis, foliis 6-8 poll. longis

3-2 poll. latis breviter petiolatis auguste lineari-lanceolatis attenuato

* acuminatis minute tessellatis basi attenuatis acutis subtus glaberrimis v.

costa. minutissime ciliolata, marginibus serrulatis, vaginis ciliatis, ore

pilis elongatis caducis instructa, ligula brevissima ciliolata, spicis sim-

plicibus rarius divisis suberectis gracile pedunculatis, rachi puberula,

spiculis 6-10 subremotis 4-1 poll. longis unifloris, gluma inferiore vacua

solitaria lanceolata acuminata 5-nervi, palea glume equilonga ciliata,

lodiculis ciliolatis, stylis 2 basi brevissime cunnatis.

A. Simoni, Rivitre in Bull. Soc. @ Acelimat. 1878, p. 774, figs. 43-50. Les

5 Bambous, p. 286, figs. 48-47, and p. 288, figs. 4-50, and p. 295.

is A. Fortunei, Fenzi in Gard. Chron. 1876, vol. ii. p. 773, and Munro l, ce. p. 774

(sine descript.) (non. Riv.)

Bambusa Simoni, Carr.

Var. variegata, foliis viridibus albo striatis.

Arundinaria Simoni was first described under that name

by Riviére in 8178, from specimens cultivated at Algiers,

and which had been sent there from the Jardin des Plantes

at Paris. It was introduced (in 1862) into the latter esta-

blishment from China, by Consul Eugene Simon, with

the information that it was a native of Japan. It had,

before it flowered, been known as Bambusa Simoni, Carriere.

The same plant, in a flowering state, and under the name

of Bambusa Simoni, was sent in 1876 to M. Fenzi of

Florence, and to Colonel Munro in this country. These

gentlemen, confounding it with a plant introduced by

Fortune from Japan, and which was known in gardens

as Bambusa Fortunei, agreed in proposing for it the name

of Arundinaria Fortunei, but gave no description. The

name A. Fortunei cannot therefore take precedence of

Simoni; added to which there is no evidence that Fortune

ever saw A. Simoni, and very good evidence that what he

troduced was a different species. :

Noyemner 1st, 1890, |

The plant introduced by Fortune is described (as to

foliage only) and figured by Van Houtte (Flore des Serres,

t. 1535) in 1863, that is soon after Fortune’s return from

his last journey to Japan and China, as “ Bamb. Fortune,

foliis niveo-vittatis.” Van Houtte says of it, “a charming

plant, which we find at Mr. John Standish’s, amongst the

plants brought by Robert Fortune from China.” The figure

represents a dwarf plant with long cilia on the margin of

the leaf, which is rounded at the base. Of this, now

one of the most generally cultivated of all the hardy

Bamboos, the flower is unknown ; 1t is common in Japan,

whence herbarium species have been sent by various col-

lectors, and it is readily to be distinguished from B. Simoni

by the different habit, broader leaves, finely hairy under-

neath, and more rounded at the base. It is probably, as

Miquel has suggested (Ann. Bot. Lugd. Bat. ii, 285) B.

variegata, Siebold; it is the Arundinaria Fortunet, foliis

variegatis, of Riviére (in Bull. Socr. d’Acclimat. 1878, p. 797)

who says of it that in Algeria it grows only twenty to

twenty-four inches in height, with culms one-sixteenth to

one-eighth of an inchin diam., and has the habit of a Pha-

laris. It is B. picta, Sieb. and Zuce. (not of Lindley)

according to specimens collected by Siebold in Japan, and

which are preserved in the Kew Herbarium. According

to the Kew collector Oldham, it is common, quite wild, on

hills behind Kanagawa.

It may be well to call attention here to two published

allied species of Bamboo of which the flowers are unknown,

they are B, argenteo-striata, Regel. Gartenfl. 1865, 363,

_ t. 490, f. 5 (a miserable drawing of a single leaf). It1s

described as having culms four to five feet high, and as

thick as a swan’s quill, quite glabrous leaves with rounded

bases, and as differing from B, Fortunei in the want of hairs

on the margin and nerves of the leaves. It was introduced

by Maximowicz from gardens in J apan, and may be only

André, 11]. Hortiesl. vol. xix. p- 319, t. 108, introduced from

Japan apparently by both Siebold and Maximovicz, it has

short slender brittle culms, and leaves broader than those —

of Simoni and Fortune, striped gold and green, and with

@ rounded or even cordate base. 7

A, Simoni ig a hardy tufted bamboo, in this country

Conds pean farther ow

Vincent Brooks Day & Son imp

Tas. 7147.

PERESRIA ACULEATA.

Native of Tropical America.

Nat. Ord. Cactéa,—Tribe OPINILIER.

Genus Prresxia, Will; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i. p. 851.)

PERESKIA aculeata ; arbuscula ramosa, sape subscandens, ramulis robustis,

pulvinis dense tomentosis glabrisve, spinis rectis et elongatis v. parvis et

uncinatis, foliis planis ellipticis elliptico-lanceolatisve rapius obovatis

ovatisve et basi cordatis, cymis multifloris, calycis tubo spinosis, petalis

rumerosis oblongo-obovatis obtusis subacutisve rarius retusis, stigmatibus

fusiformibus, bacca globosa sepala foliacea gerente oligosperma.

P. aculeata Haworth Syn. Pl. & 198; Lind?. in Bot. Reg. t. 1928; DC.

’ Yn. Lt, Suce, p. 3 L1nd. Vie » £0eg :

Prod. vol, iti. p. 1?4; Pfeif. Enum, Oact.p.175; Pfeiff. & Otto. Abbild.

n. Beschr. Ouet. p. 1; Walp. Rep. vol. ii. p. 356.

P. longispina, Haworth Z. ec. 198, - ‘4 ?

“irescia aculeata, Zuccarini in Abhandl. Bayr. Akad. Wiss. vol. : ii. p. 696;

Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 303; Deseourl. #1. Antill. vol. iv. p. 294; Forst.

: Handb, Cact. Ra. 2, p. 299,

oor. Sacharosa, Grised. in Goett, Abhandl. vol. xxiv. p, 141. a

Cactus Pereskia, Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 671; Ait. Hort. Kew, Bd. 2, vol. iii. p. 180.

C. Peirescia, Spreng. Syst. Veg. vol. ii. p. 498 (excl. syn. Bleo).

C. Sarmentosus, &c., Brown Hist. Jam. p. 237. pen ese

Pereskia aculeata flore albo, é&c., Plum. Nov. Gen. p. 85, t. 26; rte P

_ Dict. (1789); Dillen, Hort. Eltham. p. 305, t. 217, £294; Linn. Hort.

Clif. p. 183,

Portulacca Americana, &c., Pluk. Alm. p. 135, t. 215, f. 6. re

Malus Americana, spinosa &c., Commel. Hort. Med. vol. i. p. 135, t. 30. ree

G : : ; ii. p.86; Ray Hist. Pl.-vol. iii. ;

rossularia fructu, &c., Sloane Jam. Hist. vol. ii. p. 86; Ray

Dendr, p. 27, No, 5.

Nat. names, Grosseille des Barbades of the French; Saatigg "aya z

bush of the English ; Blad apple of the Dutch; Sacharosa in

. : : ical

Though one of the very earliest introduced of tropica

Shrubs, “having been cultivated in the Roy as Econ yreanet

ampton Court in 1696, and ever since in 2d een sick

| lishments, Pereskia aculeata is, from its es sagt “ett

-8reen foliage, and shyness of flowering, a V 4 Salar elt

plant amongst horticulturists. At Kew it lish nt, but

vated ever since the foundation of that establis a when

there is no record of its haying flowered os — wise aid so

@ plant trained up a rafter of the agers see

(in the month of October), and that is here ngured.

Novemprr Ist, 1890,

P. aculeata is a very variable plant in habit, foliage, the

number of petals, and their colour. It forms a straggling

or climbing bush or small tree, the branches of which have

been described as twining, though more generally it climbs

by means of the spines, which are hooked on young branches,

but long and straight in old; the spines are seated on

small cushions, which in the older parts are densely

tomentose. The bark of the trunk and even young

branches is pale and corky. The leaves vary from obovate

or almost orbicular to elliptic-lanceolate. The flowers, which

are one and a half inches in diameter, have the petals pure

white, rosy, or yellowish white with a rosy blush (as in

those here figured). The fruit is the size of a small goose-

berry, globose, yellowish, transparent, few-seeded, and

covered with small spreading leaves, which are the free

tips of the sepals. The leaves are used as a pot herb in

Brazil, and the berries are eaten throughout the tropics of

America. Iam not aware that the plant is cultivated for

its fruit, it being rather, like our bramble, an inhabitant of

waste places. Grisebach’s P. Sacharosa (the native name

in the Argentine provinces) is identical with P. aculeata.

The var. longispina, &e. (P. longispina, Haw.) has no cha-

racter of specific or even varictal value, the short solitary

recurved and very long clustered spines being found in the

same plant.

The name Pereskia was given by Plukenet in honour of

Nicol. Fabric. Peiresc, member of Parliament for Aix, in

Provence, a very learned man and devoted to botany. It

was changed to Peirescia by Zuccarini, a wanton change

that has not been generally adopted.

It is singular that so common an American plant with

an eatable fruit should not have been introduced by the

pamards, and become an “escape” in the Old World,

tas I age it would be naturalized with great rapidity.

Fig. 1, A cushion from the older br. i i )

a ; anches with long spines, of the natura

size; 2, vertical section of flower ; 3 and 4, stamens All oaldened.

attaining a height of eight to ten feet in the open air, and

flowering sparingly. In Algiers it is described by Riviére

as forming rhizomes that bury themselves one and a half to

two feet, and from which new culms arise in the beginning

of May, which during the first year are simple, clothed with

spathaceous sheaths, and attain twenty to twenty-five feet

in height. Towards the end of the second year these culms

ramify in whorls from above downwards and flower. The

. leaves are eight to ten inches long and quite glabrous ; the

caryopsis is one half to two-thirds of an inch long, and

resembles that of rye. Flowering specimens of this species,

under the name of B. Simoni, are in the Kew Herbarium

from the Jardin des Plantes, from the gardens of Gen.

Munro, of Sir J. Walrond, of Mr. Ellacombe, and of Mr.

George Paul of the “ Old Nurseries,’ Cheshunt, Herts ;

and under the name of B. Fortunei from the temperate

house of the Royal Gardens, Kew, where it flowered in

1877; and under that of Maximowiczii variegata from Gen.

Munro. The specimen here figured is from a magnificent

plant grown by Mr. Paul in a tub in a Camellia house at

Cheshunt, the culms of which are fourteen feet high and

as thick as the thumb. It was procured from France from

M. Samaurez, under the right name. An authentic speci-

men from Fenzi of his Fortwnei is also in the Kew Herba-

rium, and is unquestionably A. Simont.—J. D. H,

2, under surface gof portion of

Fig. 1, T fet ea

eos hep of cheats with See 4, pale; 5, lodicule; 6, stamen

leaf; 3, portion of rachis of spike and glume ;

and pistil; 7, pistil:—all enlarged.

Tas. 7148.

RHODOSTACHYS anpina.

Native of Chili.

Nat. Ord. BroMetiacez.—Tribe Brome.

Genus Ruopostacuys, Philippi; (Benth, et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iii. p. 662.) .

Ruopostacnys andina s acaulis, foliis multis dense rosulatis linearibus rigidis

falcatis pedalibus vel sesquipedalibus facie glabris canaliculatis dorso y

persistenter albo-lepidotis margine aculeis crebris uncinatis stramineis

armatis, Horibus in capitulum centralem subsessilem globosum aggregatis,

bracteis exterioribus ovatis cuspidatis spinoso-serratis, interioribus ob-

lanceolato-oblongis scariosis, ovario clavato-trigono glabro, calycis seg-

mentis lanceolatis albis ovario equilongis, petalis lanceolatis rubellis,

staminibus styloque petalis longioribus.

R. andina, Phil. in Linnea, vol, xxix. p. 57; Baker Handb, Bromel. p. 28.

Bromelia longifolia, Lindl. in Paxt. Flor. Gard. vol. ii. p. 139, tab. 65;

Lemaire Jard. Fleur. t. 223, non Rudge. -

Ruckia Ellemeti, Regel Gartenfl. 1868, Pp: 65, t. 571. ae

This very ornamental Bromeliad is an inhabitant of the

Cordilleras’ of the northern provinces of Chili. It only —

requires cool treatment, and at Kew is grownin the cactus- _

house. It is the plant on which Philippi founded his genus

lihodostachys, and Regel, a few years later, his genus

fiuckia. Tt seems to have been introduced into cultivation

by Mr. Henderson, who exhibited it in flower at one of the

Shows of the Royal Horticultural Society in August, 1851.

For a long time it was confounded with the Bromelia

longifolia of Rudge, which is a native of Guiana, and now

‘placed in the genus Streptocalye. Our drawing was made

from a plant which was flowered by F. D. Godman, Esq.,

F.R.S., at his residence near Horsham, in November, 1889,

and this year we have again received it in flower from

the general habit of the plant was made in Kew Gardens.

Descr. Acaulescent.

dense rosette, linear, rigid, recurved, a foot or a as 2

a half long, an inch broad at the clasping base, . = :

Inch in the middle, deeply channelled oo Recta

December Ist, 1890.

Leaves about a hundred in @

glabrous face, persistently white-lepidote on the] back,

armed on the margin with close hooked pungent stra-

mineous spines. Flowers very numerous, forming a dense

globose nearly sessile central head two or three inches in

diameter; outer bracts ovate-cuspidate, spine-margined,

slightly tinged with red; inner oblanceolate-oblong, white,

scariose, shorter than the calyx, Ovary clavate-trigonous,

glabrous, under an inch long. Calywz-segments lanceolate,

white, as long as the ovary. Petals lanceolate, bright pink,

an inch long. Stamens longer than the petals; anthers

linear-oblong, spreading, bright yellow. Style overtopping

the stamens; branches very short.—J. G. Baker.

Fig. 1,’ a complete flower; 2, lepidote scale; 3, petal and two stamens;

4, vertical section of ovary; 5, apex of style and its branches :—all more or

less enlarged,

719

hae E Te SWAT eee

M.S del, JN Fitch hth VincenttBrocks Day & Sone

Tas. 7149.

RHODODENDRON Boorutt.

Native of the Bhotan Himalaya.

Nat. Ord. Ertcacex%.—Tribe Ruopored.

Genus RuopopENDRON, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. ii. p. 599.)

cae

RuopopenpRon (Eurhododendron) Boothti; frutex debilis, ramulis hirsutis

demum glabratis, foliis ovato- v. oblongo-lanceolatis acuminatis basi

rotundatis v. cuneatis supra laxe ferrugineo-hirsutis demum glabris,

: subtus minutissime lepidotis, corymbis densifloris, pedicellis brevibus

hirsutulis, sepalis amplis late ovatis apice rotundatis, corolla campanu-

lata flava 5-loba lobis rotundatis, staminibus 10, filamentis superne

pilosis, antheris magnis fusco-aurantiacis, ovario lepidoto 5-loculari,

stylo valido decurvo, stigmate incrassato truncato, capsula oblonga rugosa

oa seminibus linearibus compressis utrinque caudatis, testa

rma.

R. Boothii, Nuttall in Hook. Kew Journ. Bot. vol. v. (1853), p. 356. Lem.

Illust. Hortic. 1858, t. 174. Clarke in Fl. Brit. Ind. vol. iil P. 470.

Rhododendron Boothii is one of twenty-two species of the

genus found in Bhotan by Mr. Booth, and described in’

Hooker’s “Journal of Botany ” for the year 1853, by the

late Thos. Nuttall (a very eminent American botanist, who

resided much in England). Mr. Booth was a nephew of

Mr. Nuttall, and was sent by his uncle to collect chiefly

seeds of Himalayan Rhododendron, shortly after the influx

of Sikkim species had demonstrated the extraordinary rich-

ness of the Eastern Himalaya in that genus. Of those

twenty-two species about a dozen were new, and of these

again eight, including the present, have been figured in

this work: namely, &. Keysit, t. 4875; R. Hooker,

t. 4269; R. calophyllum, t. 5002; R. Windsori, t. 5008 5

R. Shepherdii, t. 5125; L. Kendrickii, t. 5128; 2. Nuttallii,

is R. ciliatum,

t.5146. The nearest ally of R. Boothi 1

t. 4778, from which it differs in its much larger size and

dense heads of yellow flowers. It was found at an eleva-

tion of five thousand feet, epiphytic on oaks, and 1s de-

‘scribed as a straggling shrub five to six feet high. i

The specimen here figured was taken from a plant in

the magnificent collection of Indian Rhododendrons formed

by the late Mr. Mangles, of Valewood, Haslemere, which

flowered in a greenhouse in April of the present year. |

lts of botanical explorations lately

Judging by the resu {

made in Western China, it would appear that all previous

estimates of the number of species of this magnificent

genus of plants, are far below the mark, and that the

DecaMBer Ist, 1890. —

discoveries made in the Eastern Himalaya are only har-

bingers of what are to be expected from the vast moun-

tain regions still further to the east. It is interesting to

trace the development of the genus across the old world;

and it may be thus sumarized.. In Europe three occur in

the extreme west, lapponicum in Norway, ponticum in South

Spain, and ferrugineum in the Pyrenees, the latter occurs

inthe Alps of middle Europe, with hirsutum, but does not

extend into Asia, where ponticum reappears in Asia

Minor, Syria, and in the Southern Caucasus, with flavum

and caucasicum. The latter country (the Caucasus) is

the Hastern limit of these three. Excluding the few high

northern Asiatic Species, none are found east of the Cau-

casus till entering the Affghan region, to which affyhani-

cum and. Collettianwm are confined. On reaching the ~

Himalayan region the development of the genus advances

with rapid strides. Four species are found in the Western

Himalaya, between Kashmir and Nepal, arboreum, cam-

panulatum, barbatum, and anthopogon, all of which advance

to Sikkim, where twenty-nine have been collected. Hast

of this province again, Bhotan has only twenty-five, —

Seventeen of which are Sikkim species; but considering

how imperfectly that. great and lofty province has been

explored (its Alpine regions not at all), it may safely be

assumed that this number does not include half of what

it contains. Proceeding eastwards little is known of

the vegetation till China is entered, and as Mr. Hemsley

been collected in its barely entered western mountains, by

ére David, Dr. Henry, and others, it may be regarded as

probable that the celestial empire contains more species

of this genus than all the world besides. Hastward of

China there is a rapid decrease, to fourteen in Japan, two

or three in Western N. America, and about six in Hastern, —

including R. lapponicum, with which this summary began.

rom the Himalaya a stream from the genus flows south

along the Malayan Peninsula to the Malay Islands, New

umea, and 8. Australia. Most of its members belong to

a section with thin valve capsules and long-tailed seeds,

and of these one alone is Himalayan, the RK. vaccinioides,

of Sikkim.—J, D, H. |

ret, Portion offundersurface of leaf of the natural size, showing the minute

> stamen ; 3, ovary; and 4, transverse section of do. :—all enlarged.

Tas. 7150.

ARISAIMA Fimpriatom.

Native of the Malay Islands,

Nat. Ord. AromEea.—Tribe ARINES.

Genus Anisema, Mart.; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. iti. p. 965.)

ARISEMA Jimbriatum ; foliis solitariis trisectis, foliolis late ovatis caudato-

acuminatis, lateralibus obliquis, nervis supra profunde impressis arcuatis,

petiolo levi, pedunculo elongato, spathe tubo elongato cylindraceo, lamina

rabro-brunnea albo-lineata ovato-lanceolata erecta apice incurvo sub-

caudato-acuminato, spadice monoica tenuissima appendice longe exserto

floribus neutris capillaribus crinito pendulo, inflorescentia tubo spathz

inclusa, feminea basilari floribus sterilibus interpositis nullis, mase,

anthers 3~4 stipitem coronantes, fem. ovarium sessile globosum in

stylum brevem attenuatum, stigmate capitato. se

A. fimbriatum, Masters in Gard. Chron. 1884, vol. ii. p. 680 and 689, fig. 119;

Regel Gartenft. 1886, p. 857, fig. 40: :

_Arisema fimbriatum was first described by Dr. Masters,

and well figured, in the Gardener’s Chronicle, from a plant

which flowered in Mr. Bull’s nursery (received from Messrs.

Sander, of St. Alban), in 1885, and was supposed to have

Come from the Philippine Islands. As, however, specimens

of the very same plant are preserved in the Kew Her-

barium, which were sent by Mr. Curtis from Langkawi, an

island off the west coast of the Malayan Peninsula, north

of Penang, it may be reasonably concluded that the Philip-

pine habitat wants confirmation. The nearest published

ally of A. fimbriatum is A. album, N.E. Br. (Journ. Linn.

Soc. Bot. xviii., p. 247), of the Khasia Hills, which has a

much smaller and white spathe, and longer petiolules to

the leaflets. This last presents the remarkable anomaly

of having the male flowers sometimes at the bottom of

the spadix, with the females above them, and at others the

Males and females are intermixed. As with A. fimbriatum

the long exserted pendulous appendage of the spadix

is crinite with filiform neuter flowers. A very similar

plant to album, but with a green spathe, is in the Kew

Herbarium, from the west coast of Siam, found on a

mountain called Khao Loi Dao, at an elevation of seven

- Decempen Ist, 1890.

thousand feet, by the late Mr. Murton, formerly Superin-

tendent of the Singapore Botanical Gardens.

These three species form a subdivision of Schott’s section

Trisecta of Arsiema, distinguished by the filiform neuter

organs that clothe the slender appendage, a character

that occurs in no other species of this very large genus,

except the Sumatran 4. ornatum Miquel (Aun. Mus. Bot.

Lugd.-Bat. vol. iii. p. 79, t. 3) which belongs to_the section

with pedatisect leaves.

A. fimbriatum has been cultivated at Kew since 1887,

and flowers annually about midsummer; the specimen

figured was sent by Messrs. Veitch. —

Descr. Leaf solitary (and peduncle), clothed at the

base with linear-oblong membranous sheaths, trisect ;

leaflets five to seven inches long, very shortly petiolulate,

broadly ovate, caudate-acuminate, bright green above

with very many and deeply sunk nerves, very pale

beneath; petiole six to ten inches long, streaked with pale

red. Pedunele as long as the petiole, and of the same colour.

Spathe ten inches long ; tube two and a half inches long,

about two-thirds of an inch diameter ; cylindric, closely

striped with dark brown and white ; lamina ovate lan-

ceolate, erect with a decurved caudate-acuminate tip,

purple-brown streaked with white. Spadiz very slender,

its decurved filiform appendix longer than the spathe, the

exserted portion red-brown, and clothed with filiform

neuter organs nearly an inch long, included portion with

Scattered green neuter organs a quarter of an inch long.

Male flowers of scattered anthers clustered in threes and

fours on the top of a stout stipes. Female flowers sub-

globose one-celled crowded ovaries at the very base of the

_ Spadix.—J, D. H, .

Figs. 1 and 2, stamens :—enlarged.

tt Brooks Day&Sor ap

vince

Tas: Ziol.

SCAPHOSEPALUM putyinare.

Native of New Grenada.

Nat. Ord. OncurpEex.—Subtribe PLEUROTHALLER.

Genus Scarnoseratum, Pftzer in Engl. & Prantl, Natirliche Pflanzenform.

vol. 1. p. 139.

ScaPHOsEPALUM pulvinare ; foliis elliptico- v. ovato-lanceolato acuto longe valide

petiolato, pedunculo elato valido creberrime verrucoso, vaginis brevibus

dissitis, racemo valde elongato stricto Jaxifloro, floribus subdistichis,

ovario una cum pedicello sigmoideo bracteis vaginantibus oblique trnncatis

acutis longiore, sepalo dorsali ovato-lanceolato, lateralibus lanceolatis con-

natis margihibus erosulis in caudam subulateaeteretiusculam rugulosam

productis, disco callo magno oblongo elongato crasso carnoso medio

suleato instructo, petalis columnz exquilongis cultriformibus, labello

lignlato recurvo undulato, bipandurato marginibus serrulatis, disco

_ Medium versus eallis 2 serrulatis instructo.

8. pulvinare, Rolfe in Journ. Bot. xxviii. (1890) 187.

_ Masdevallia pulvinaris, Reichd. f. in Gard. Chron. 1880, i. 200.

The genus Scaphosepalum consists of a small group of

Orchids, the species of which have been referred, some

to Masdevallia, some to Pleurothallis, and some to both,

but which present characters in common foreign to these

genera, and they further agree in habit inter se. The

founder of the genus, Professor Pfitzer, of Heidelberg

(author of the “ Morphologische Studien, ueber die Orchi-

deen bliithe”” and “ Natiirlichen Anorndnung der Orchi-

deen’), established it upon Masdevallia ochthodes, Reichb.

f., & M. (alias Pleurothallis), verrucosa, Reichb. f. ; and it

has been adopted by Mr. Rolfe in a very good article

published in the journal of Botany cited above. In this

article Mr. Rolfe includes under Scaphosepalum seven other

plants hitherto for the most part referred to Masdevallia,

amongst which is the M. gibberosa, Reichb. f., figured at

t. 6990 of this magazine; including the subject of the

present plate, and S. antenniferum, Rolfe, a _ Species

‘Tecently described in the “‘ Gardener’s Chronicle }; Sca-

phosepalum contains ten published species, together with

one or more hitherto undescribed. Considering how

Decemser Isr, 1890.

rapidly the knowledge of Pleurothalloid Orchids is being

_augumented by discoveries in New Grenada and _ the

neighbouring States of America (Costa Rica and British

Guiana), there is every reason to suppose that this new

genus will prove to be a very considerable one. Its

distinctive characters are the superior lip, the free or all

but free dorsal sepal, the lateral sepals connate in a boat-

shaped form under the lip, and the strongly recurved

crumpled lip.

Mr. Watson informs me that 8. pulvinare was received

at the Royal Gardens from Mr. Veitch in 1888, and that

in January last it formed a raceme now (November)

twenty-seven inches long, which has borne thirty-seven

flowers, and is still flowering. He adds that this plant

will probably flower continuously for two years !

_ Desor. Stems tufted. Leaves coriaceous, four to six

inches long, elliptic- or ovate-lanceolate, acute, bright green,

Seven to nine nerved, narrowed into a stout channelled

petiole as long as the blade. Peduncle with the raceme

one to two feet long, flowering continuously, very stout,

closely warted, dark brown ; sheathes half an inch long,

tubular with truncate acute mouths; bracts like the sheaths;

pedicel warted with the smooth ovary sigmoidly curved.

Flowers sub-horizontal, an inch long, yellowish, closely

mottled with dull red, coriaceous ; dorsal sepal inferior, lan-

ceolate ; lateral connate into a broad boat-shaped limb with

a terete grooved rough dagger-like point, margins erose;

disk with a very large oblong longitudinally cleft callus.

Petals very small, hatchet-shaped. Lip revolute, undulate,

twice constricted on the serrulate margins, disk with two

toothed linear calli about the middle. Colwmn incurved

- putes and there somewhat crested at the back.—

2 He 1, Connate Jat. 1 ser x 4 : 1;

3, petals, column, and lip; Selai ask ab, ote

. linia :—all enlarged,

4, column and lip; 5, column; 6, anther; 7, Po’ — =

7152

eto.

oN PY, is

. ie

) iy

Sa Le’ Zi

ac.” ss

SA, 7

M. S.del, J.N Fitch lith. Vincent Brooks Day & SoUme

Tas. 7152.

THALICTRUM Datavayt.

Native of Yunan.

Nat. Ord. Ranuncunacez.—Tribe ANEMONES.

Genus Tuaxiorrum, Linn. ; (Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. vol. i, p. 4.)

THALICTRUM (Physocarpum) Delavayi; gracillimum, ramosum, gla berrimum,

foliis latis laxe ternatim decompositis, ramulis rigidis ultimis filiformibus

3-5-foliolatis, stipellis nullis, foliolis breviter petiolalatis suborbicn-

laribus 3~4-crenatis-lobulatisve basi rotundatis v. subcordatis, panicula

pauci-laxiflora, flotibus magnis longe pedicellatis cernuis pallide pur-

pureis, sepalis ellipticis obtusis, filamentis gracilibus glabris, acheniis

basi angulatis sed vix stipitatis dimidiato-ovatis recurvis compressis

membranaceis costatis glabris, costis parallelis non reticulatis, stigmate

oblongo sessili, stylo nullo.

T. Delavayi, Franchet in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. vol. xxxiii. p. 367; Plant.

Delavay. vol. i. p. 10, t. 2, 3.

No better example of representative species could be

found than those of Thalictrum Chelidonii of the Himalaya

and T. Delavayi of Eastern China. Franchet, the author

of the last named, says of it, “ Toutes les affinités de 7.

Delavayi sont avec le 7. Chelidonti,” and he proceeds to

distinguish the former by its stipellate partial petioles and

the parallel not anastomozing ribs of the fruit. Much

More conspicuous characters are the slender stipes of the

achene and the long slender style of T. Chelidonti, as com-

pared with the narrowed base of the achene and sessile

oblong stigma of O. Delavayi. Franchet describes three

Varieties of this plant: the first, which may be considered

the normal, is a. decorum, that here figured; the second,

B. acuminatwm, is much stouter, with leaflets two-thirds to

_ three-quarters of an inch broad, broader multifid persistent

Stipules, and long acuminate sepals. The third, y. parvi-

Horum, is that on which the species was founded (though

Rot to be regarded as its typical form) ; it has a narrow

-Many-flowered panicle, sepals only one-fourth to one-

third of an inch long, and minute caducous stipella.

_ 1. Delavayi is a native of the mountains of Yunan at

elevations of four thousand to six thousand feet. The

Decemper Ist, 1890.

specimen figured, which flowered in the Royal Gardens of

Kew in June last, was received in August, 1889, from the

Jardin des Plantes, Paris.

Duscr. A very slender herb, two to three feet high.

Radical leaves long-petioled, ternately decompound, trian-

gular in outline, ten to twelve inches broad ; petiole, petio-

lules and their branches very slender, wiry, dark purple,

quite smooth ; stipules and stipellules small, green ; leaflets

three to five on the ultimate branches, distant, one-third

of an inch broad, obtusely three- to five-lobulate, base

cuneate rounded or cordate, pale beneath. lowers pen-

dulous, pale purple-blue, in very lax panicles, with linear

bracts at the axils; pedicels long, slender, decurved.

Sepals half an inch long, elliptic-ovate, obtuse, ribbed.

Stamens very many, as long as the sepals ; filaments filiform,

glabrous. Carpels ten to twelve, subpuberulous, dimi-

_ diate-obovate, narrowed to the base and apex, with three

parallel ribs; stigma linear-oblong, decurrent on the

narrowed apex of the achene.—J. D. H.

Fig. 1, Stamen; 2, head of carptls; 3, single carpels :—all enlarged.

INDEX

To Vol. XLVI. of the Tarp Serius, or Vol. CXVI. of the

whole Work.

~ 7114 Abies brachyphylla.

7148 Acineta densa.

7130 Aconitum Fischeri.

7122 Allamanda violacea.

7150 Arisema fimbriatum.

7105. Arisema Wrayi.

7146 Arundinaria Simoni, var.

variegata.

7126 Asarum caudigerum.

7116 Berberis virescens.

7124 Bignonia rugosa.

7137 Caraguata angustifolia.

7118 Carludovica Caput Meduse. —

7133 Cattleya Lawrenceana.

1134 Celmisia Lindsayi.

7101 Chironia palustris.

7141 Clerodendron paniculatum.

7099 Cottonia macrostachya.

7102 Cypripedium Rothschildia-

num, :

- 7100 Drosera cistiflora.

7131 Episcia maculata.

7113 Eremurus aurantiacus.

7144 Eucharis Bakeriana.”

7127 Hakea laurina.

7093 Heliamphora nutans.

7120 Hemiorchis burmanica.

7097 Iris (Xiphion) Boissieri.

7140 Tris Danfordie,

7111 Iris orchioides.

_ 135 Tris (Juno) Rosenbachiana.

4145 Iris sindjarensis. |

7106 Lathrea clandestina.

7132 Lueddemannia Pescatorei.

7125 Masdevallia Carderi.

7138 Nepenthes Curtisii.

7107 Papaver rupifragum, var. at-

lanticum. :

7115 Passiflora Miersii.

7132 Pedieularis megalantha.

7110 Peliosanthes albida.

7147 Pereskia aculeata,

7094 Pleurothallis ornata,

7129 Pleurothallis platyrachis.

7098 Podophyllum pleianthum,

7018 Prestoea Carderi.

7117 Primulina sinensis.

7095 Protea nana.

7136 Reinwardtia tetragyna.

7149 Rhododendron Boothii.

7148 Rhodostachys andina.

7096 Rosa berberifolia.

7119 Rosa multiflora.

7142 Saccolabium bellinum..

7104 Satyrium membranaceum,

7151 Scaphosepalum pulvinare.

7109 Sicana spherica.

7152 Thalictrum Delavayi.

7121 Tillandsia (Vriesea) amethy-

stina.

7128 Trachycarpus khasyanus.

7139 Vanda Amesiana.

7112 Vanda Kimballiana.

7103 Zamia Wallisii.