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DIE GATTUNGEN DER PALAEARKTISCHEN

TORTRICIDAE

II. DIE UNTERFAMILIE OLETHREUTINAE

8. Teil und Schluss *)

VON

NIKOLAUS S. OBRAZTSOV + **)

(Mit Abbildungen 1—5 und Tafeln 1—11)

mit

einem Gesamtregister zu allen Teilen

zusammengestellt von

B. J. LEMPKE

Amsterdam

Abstract

The present and last instalment of the second volume of the Revision contains a survey of the

genus Ewcosma Hübner, 1823, divided into four subgenera: Ewcosma Hübner, 1823, Pygolopha

Lederer, 1859, Palpocrinia Kennel, 1919 and Phaneta Stephens, 1852. Of these subgenera 48, 1, 1,

and 69 species, respectively, are enumerated. A commentary dealing with 10 species, is added.

A general alphabetical index to all parts of the Revision, starting with vol. 97, part 3 (1954) of

this journal is attached, compiled by B. J. Lempke (p. 22), together with a list of posthumous papers

of Dr. Obraztsov (p. 48).

88. Gattung Eucosma Hb., 1823

Typus generis (monotyp.): Eucosma circulana Hb., 1823

Phalaena Tortrix (part.): Linné, 1761, Fauna Suec.: 349.

?Phalaena (part.): Scopoli, 1763, Ent. Carn.: 234.

?Pyralis (part.): Fabricius, 1798, Suppl. Ent. Syst.: 476.

Tortrix (part.): Haworth, 1811, Lep. Brit.: 455.

?Tinea (part.): Charpentier, 1821, Zinsler etc.: 120.

Olethreutes (part.): Hübner, 1822, Syst.-alph. Verz.: 58.

Eucosma Hübner, 1823, Zutr. Samml. Exot. Schm. 2: 28.

Cydia (part.): Hübner, 1825, Verz. bek. Schm.: 375.

Epiblema (part.): Hübner, 1825, op. cit.: 375.

Ernarmonia (part.): Hübner, 1825, op. cit.: 375.

Anchylopera (part.): Stephens, 1829, Syst. Cat. Brit. Ins. 2: 178.

?Aphelia (part.): Stephens, 1829, op. cit.: 180.

Semasia (part.): Stephens, 1829, op. cit.: 180.

Eupoecilia (part.): Stephens, 1829, op. cit.: 191.

Grapholita (part.): Treitschke, 1829, Schm. Eur. 7: 232.

Penthina (part.): Treitschke, 1830, Schm. Eur. 8: 26.

*) Dieser Teil der Revision wurde mit Unterstützung des U.S. National Science Foundation zur

Publikation vorbereitet.

**) Im Leben: Research Associate, American Museum of Natural History, New York, U.S.A.

Für eine Liste von posthumer Publikationen Dr. Obraztsov’s siehe Seite 48.

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968 (228)

Gattung Eucosma Hb. Abb. 1, E. (E.) circulana Hb., Männchen, Kopf; Abb. 2, Geäder;

Abb. 3—4, weibliche Genitalien; Abb. 5, männliche Genitalien.

(229) N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae 3

Grapholitha (part.): Treitschke, 1830, op. cit.: 204.

Cochylis (part.): Treitschke, 1830, op. cit.: 277.

Carpocapsa (non Tr.): Curtis, 1831, Brit. Ent.: expl. t. 352.

Anticlea (part.): Stephens, 1834, Illustr. Brit. Ent., Haust. 4: 114.

Carpocapsa (Epiblema): Stephens, 1834, op. cit.: 122.

?Bactra (part.): Stephens, 1834, op. cit.: 125.

Phoxopteris (non Tr.): Zetterstedt, 1840, Ins. Lap.: 987.

Teras (non Tr.): Eversmann, 1840, Fauna Lepid. Volgo-Ural.: 520.

Paedisca (part.): Freyer, 1842, Neue Beitr. Schm.kunde 4: 48.

?Peronea (part.): Duponchel, 1845, Cat. Méth. Lép. Eur.: 291.

Antithesia (part.): Duponchel, 1845, op. cit.: 296.

Catoptria Guenée, 1845, Ann. Soc. Ent. France (2) 3: 187. Typus generis (selectus): Tortrix cana

Hw., 1811 (= Catoptria carduana Gn., 1845) (Fernald, 1908, Gen. Tortr.: 33). Nom. praeocc.

per Catoptria Hb., 1825, Crambidae.

Philalcea (part.): Westwood & Humphreys, 1845, Brit. Moths 2: 132.

?Ablabia (part.): Westwood & Humphreys, 1845, op. cit.: 140.

Phaneta Stephens, 1852, List. Specim. Brit. Anim. 10: 32. Typus generis (monotyp.): Cochylis

pauperana Dup., 1843.

Lithographia (Notocelia) (part.): Stephens, 1852, op. cit.: 34.

Grapholita : (Cydia) (part.): Stephens, 1852,, op. cit.: 93.

Pygolopha Lederer, 1859, Wien. Ent. Mschr. 3: 123, 279. Typus generis (monotyp.): Penthina

lugubrana Tr., 1830 (= Pygolopha tinacriana Ld., 1859).

Grapholitha (Paedisca) (part.): Lederer, 1859, ibid.: 332.

Grapholitha (Coccyx) (part.): Lederer, 1859, ibid.: 278.

Calosetia Stainton, 1859, Man. Brit. Butt. & Moths 2: 271. Typus generis (monotyp.): Tortrix

nigromaculana Hw., 1811.

Ioplocama Clemens, 1860, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad.: 360. Typus generis (monotyp.):

Ioplocama formosana Clem., 1860.

Poecilochroma (non Stph.): Clemens, 1860, ibid.: 353.

Affa Walker, 1863, List Specim. Lepidopt. Ins. 27: 202. Typus generis (monotyp.): Affa bipunc-

tella Wkr., 1863.

Grapholitha (Semasia) (part.): Heinemann, 1863, Schm. Dtschl. u. Schweiz (2) 1 (1): 166.

Steganoptycha (non Stph.): Clemens, 1865, Proc. Ent. Soc. Philad. 5: 137.

Conchylis (non Sod.): Robinson, 1869, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 2: 284.

Exentera Grote, 1877, Canad. Ent. 9: 227. Typus generis (monotyp.): Exentera apriliana Grote,

1877.

Rbyacionia (part.): Walsingham, 1879, Illustr. Lep. Het. B.M. 4: 75.

Exenterella Grote, 1883, Canad. Ent. 15: 23. Typus generis (heredit.): Exentera apriliana Grote,

1877. Nom. substit. pro Exentera Grote, 1877.

Crambus (non F.): Hulst, 1886, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 33: 166.

Thiodia (part.): Walsingham, 1897, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 125.

Phtheochroa (ex. err.): Aigner-Abafi, 1898, Illustr. Zschr. Ent. 3: 312.

Epinotia (part.): Fernald, 1903, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. 52 (1902): 464.

Proteopteryx (non Wlsm.): Kearfott, 1907, Canad. Ent. 39: 155.

Enarmonia (part.): Barnes & McDunnough, 1917, Check List Lepid. Boreal Amer.: 173.

Palpocrinia Kennel, 1919, Mitt. Miinchn. Ent. Ges. 8: 66. Typus generis (monotyp.): Palpocrinia

ottoniana Kenn., 1919. synon. nov.

Ancylis (non Hb.): Meyrick, 1922, Exot. Micr. 2: 514.

Phaneta (Semasia): Benander, 1928, Ent. Tidskr. 29: 142.

Catoptria (Phaneta): Obraztsov, 1946, Zschr. Wien. Ent. Ges. 30: 39.

Eucosmoides Obraztsov, 1946, ibid.: 38. Typus generis (monotyp. design.): Paedisca decolorana

Frr., 1842.

Catoptria (Semasia): Jäckh, 1953, Zschr. Lepid. 3: 43.

Eucosma (Phaneta): Hannemann, 1961, Dahls Tierw. Dtschl. 48, Kleinschm. 1: 123.

Eucosma (Catoptria): Kouznetzov, 1962, Bull. Soc. Ent. Mulhouse: 55.

4 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968 (230)

Der Gattung Epiblema bis auf Folgendes ahnlich. Thorax glatt. Vorderflügel (Abb.

2) meistens nicht breit, distal ganz unwesentlich erweitert; Termen mäßig schräg,

gerade oder zwischen den Adern M, und Cu, leicht eingezogen; Costalumschlag beim

Männchen nicht stets vorhanden. Die Vorderflügelader S mehr oder weniger gerade,

meistens ziemlich kurz; R, entspringt an oder kurz vor der Mitte der Mittelzelle; R, viel

näher zu R, als zu R,; Innenader der Mittelzelle entspringt zwischen R, und R, oder

fehlt; Adern R; bis Mz etwa gleich weit auseinander gestellt; Cu, der Mg stark genähert,

verläuft dieser parallel, oder ist in der Mitte mehr oder weniger von dieser entfernt;

Cu, entspringt kurz vor dem letzten Drittel der Mittelzelle; Basalgabel A, + 3 bis ein

Drittel so lang wie die ganze Ader. Hinterflügel (Abb. 2) mit Costa im zweiten

basalen Drittel leicht aufgebogen, dann etwas absteigend und in ihrem ganzen Verlauf

gerade, oder fast gerade; Termen sanft konvex oder ziemlich flach. Die Ader S ganz

sanft eingebogen; M; und Cu, gestielt oder zusammenfallend; Cu, entspringt kurz vor

dem letzten Viertel der Mittelzelle.

Männliche Genitalien (Abb. 5). Valva ohne Pulvinus; Aedoeagus in der Regel

ziemlich plump, dick und verhältnismäßig kurz. Weibliche Genitalien (Abb. 3—4).

Apophyses posteriores kürzer als die Apophyses anteriores; Ostium bursae liegt in einem

mehr oder weniger tiefen Ausschnitt des Caudalrandes der Ventralplatte; Lamella post-

vaginalis länglich, aus diesem Ausschnitt mehr oder weniger weit caudal hervortretend;

kein Antrum vorhanden; Signa manchmal zu einem Stück reduziert oder fehlen.

Encosma ist eine sehr artenreiche Gattung, die größte unter den Olethreutinae, und

sie hat ihre Vertreter in allen faunistischen Gebieten. Trotz ihres großen Umfanges ist

diese Gattung in ihren morphologischen Merkmalen doch ziemlich einheitlich und diese

variieren nur unbedeutend von Art zu Art oder individuell. Sogar die übliche Aufteilung

der Ewcosma-Arten in drei Gattungen (Ewcosma, Pygolopha und Phaneta = Thiodia

auct., non Hb.) erwies sich nicht als gerechtfertigt und diese Gruppen sind nur mehr

von subgenerischem Werte. Heinrich (1923) vermutete die Möglichkeit einer weiteren

Aufteilung der Ewcosma in kleinere systematische Gruppen, hauptsächlich auf Grund der

Cucullus-Form, aber bis jetzt gelang es nur Pelochrista Ld. als eine besondere Gattung

abzutrennen.

Die Artunterschiede der äußeren morphologischen Merkmale sind in Ezcosma meistens

ganz unbedeutend und öfters zeigen sie Übergänge, die durch die infraspezifische Varia-

bilität stark verdunkelt sind, wie z.B. der Abstand zwischen den Vorderflügeladern R,

bis Cu, oder die Ursprungsstelle der Innenader der Mittelzelle, die bald R,, bald Ro

näher steht und bisweilen fehlt die Ader sogar. Die von Kennel (1908, 1916) für lugu-

brana angegebene starke Ausbiegung des mittleren Teils der Vorderflügelader Cu,, ihre

Verkürzung und Krümmung beim Männchen in der Richtung zu M; ohne den Saum zu

erreichen, erwies sich von rein individueller Natur und tritt, obwohl seltener, auch in den

anderen Ezcosma-Arten auf. Die Hinterflügeladern R und M, können bei ein und der-

selben Art entweder dicht beisammen entspringen oder gestielt sein. Der gemeinsame

Stiel der Hinterflügeladern M; und Cu, ist manchmal an den beiden Flügeln ein und

desselben Falters ungleich lang und kann zu einer vollständigen Verschmelzung dieser

Adern führen. Ausnahmsweise kann diese Verschmelzung nur auf einem Hinterflügel

geschehen. Als ein atavistisches Merkmal wurden bei einem /acteana-Minnchen im

A.M.N.H. die Hinterflügeladern M, und Cu, an der Basis als deutlich getrennt, in der

Mitte verschmolzen und gegen den Saum wieder getrennt beobachtet. Durchschnittlich

sind die äußeren Merkmale artlich ziemlich beständig, aber bei mehreren, nicht unbedingt

(231) N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae 5

nahe verwandten Arten ganz gleich und deshalb für diagnostische Zwecke meistens wenig

geeignet. Die Genitalunterschiede sind bei den Ewcosma-Arten nicht immer auffallend,

aber zusammen mit der Vorderflügelzeichnung diagnostisch sehr wichtig.

Larvalmorphologisch sind die Ezcosma-Arten noch ganz ungenügend erforscht

(Swatschek, 1958). Trotzdem kònnen ihre Raupen von denen der Pelochrista meistens

dadurch unterschieden werden, daß bei Ewcosma die Borstengruppe III am 8. Abdomi-

nalsegment ventrocranial vom Stigma oder mit diesem in gleicher Hôhe steht. Die Borsten

II sind bei Ewcosma an demselben Segment weiter auseinander gestellt als die Borsten I.

Die Unterschiede den Epiblema-Raupen gegenüber sind bei der Besprechung dieser

letzteren Gattung näher eròrtert worden. Die von MacKay (1959) verôffentlichten

Ergebnisse über die wenigen von ihr untersuchten nordamerikanischen Ezcosma-Raupen,

die sie zwischen Ewcosma und “Thiodia” aufteilte, zeigen, daß eine gemeinsame larval-

morphologische Charakteristik der ganzen Gattung vorläufig noch sehr kompliziert ist.

Sie teilte die “Encosma”-Arten in drei Gruppen und die “T’hiodia"-Arten sogar in vier

Gruppen, die, nach der Ansicht dieser Verfasserin, eine geringe Verwandtschaft zeigen.

Von diesen erwies sich die 1. “Ewcosma'’-Gruppe, deren Raupen auf den Coniferen leben,

von den ibrigen zweien besonders unterschieden. Die Raupen der letzteren fressen an

verschiedenen Kräutern, an welchen sie in den Wurzeln und Stengeln bohren. In der

1. Gruppe ist die Spindelspitze abgerundet, wahrend sie in zwei anderen Gruppen deut-

lich zugespitzt ist. Außerdem sind die Raupen der 1. Gruppe durch das Vorhandensein

einer zusatzlichen Borste (IVa) auf dem 1. bis 7. Abdominalsegment charakterisiert. Die

Entdeckung dieser Borste ist besonders interessant, da Swatschek (1958) sie bei den

europäischen Arten nur in den Gattungen Rhyacionia und Clavigesta gefunden hat. Was

den taxonomischen Wert der von MacKay aufgestellten “Ezcosma”-Gruppen betrifft,

so ist die 1. Gruppe auch imaginalmorphologisch begründet und umfafit genitaliter ziem-

lich einheitlich gebaute Arten, die trotzdem generisch nicht zu trennen sind. Dagegen

erscheint die 2. Gruppe ganz bunt und enthält auch manche Pelochrista-Arten. Die Arten

der 3. Gruppe sind von der 2. Gruppe imaginalmorphologisch nicht abtrennbar. Die

Aufteilung der “Thiodia’-Arten in vier Raupengruppen findet auch wenig Unterstützung

in der Imaginalmorphologie.

Wie oben gesagt, können die Ewcosma-Arten nach ihren imaginalen Merkmalen in

drei Untergattungen aufgeteilt werden. Dazu kommt noch Palpocrinia als die vierte

Untergattung. Diese letztere wurde zunächst als eine eigene, aus einer einzigen Art

bestehende und nur in einem männlichen Exemplare bekannte Gattung aufgestellt,

unter den Tortricinae eingereiht (Kennel, 1919), später (Obraztsov, 1955) unter den

Cnephasiini untergebracht und endlich (Obraztsov, 1965) richtig für eine Eucosmine

anerkannt. Die vier Evcosma-Untergattungen sind wie folgt charakterisiert:

1. Untergattung Ezcosma Hb. s. str. (Typus subgeneris: Encosma circulana Hb., 1823;

eine nearktische Art). Vorderflügel des Männchens mit einem Costalumschlag. Hinter-

leibspitze des Weibchens einfach.

2. Untergattung Pygolopha Ld. (Typus subgeneris: Penthina lugubrana Tr., 1830).

Vorderflügel wie in der vorigen Untergattung. Hinterleibspitze des Weibchens mit einem

rundlichen Schuppenschopf.

3. Untergattung Palpocrinia Kenn., status nov. (Typus subgeneris: Palpocrinia otto-

niana Kenn., 1919). Vorderflügel des Männchens ohne Costalumschlag, aber mit einem

Haarbüschel an der Costa-Basis. Kopf, Labialpalpen, Tegulae und Unterseite des Thorax

sehr lang behaart (Obraztsov, 1955: 163, fig. 279; 1956: 117; 1965: 25).

6 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968 (232)

4. Untergattung Phaneta Stph. (Typus subgeneris: Cochylis pauperana Dup., 1843).

Vorderflügel in beiden Geschlechtern ohne besondere Auszeichnungen. Beschuppung

des Kopfes, Körpers und ihrer Teile normal.

KATALOG DER PALAEARKTISCHEN EUCOSMA-ARTEN

Sg. Eucosma Hb., 1823

E. (E.) sordicomana (Stgr.) comb. nova*

sordicomana Staudinger, 1859, Stett. Ent. Ztg. 20: 232 (Grapholitha). — Staudinger & Rebel,

1901: 117, No. 2096; Kennel, 1921: 571, t. 21 fig. 53 (2); diese Arbeit: Taf. 1 Fig. 1 (4-

Genitalien). — Iberische Halbinsel.

E. (E.) obesana (Kenn.) comb. nova

obesana Kennel, 1901, Iris 13 (1900): 284 (Epiblema). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 263,

No. 2102bis; Kennel, 1921: 571, t. 21 fig. 54 (2). — Andalusien.

E. (E.) medullana (Stgr.) comb. nova*

medullana Staudinger, 1879, Horae Soc. Ent. Ross. 15: 254 (Grapholitha). — Staudinger &

Rebel, 1901: 115, No. 2071; Kennel, 1921: 550, t. 21 fig. 7 (4); diese Arbeit: Taf. 1 Fig. 2

(4 -Genitalien). — Bulgarien; Mazedonien; Kleinasien; Syrien.

E. (E.) conformana (Mn.) comb. nova* (1)

conformana Mann, 1872, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 22: 36 (Grapholitha); significantana

Kennel, 1901, Iris 13 (1900): 282 (Epiblema). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 121, No. 2175;

263, No. 2083bis (als significantana); Kennel, 1921: 567, t. 21 fig. 43, 44 (8 2); Hanne-

mann, 1961: 126 nota, 220 fig. (4-Genitalien), t. 21 fig. 23 (Falter); diese Arbeit: Taf. 1

Fig. 3, Taf. 2 Fig. 1 (& 2 -Genitalien). — Ungarn; Kroatien; Dalmatien; Kärnten; Mazedonien;

Griechenland; Kleinasien; Syrien; Palästina.

E. (E.) clarescens Kuzn.*

clarescens Kuznetzov, 1964, Trudy Zool. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR 34: 264, fig. 6 (4 2 -Geni-

talien) (Ewcosma). — OstruBland (Provinz Uralsk).

E. (E.) jerusalemana (Ams.) comb. nova*

jerusalemana Amsel, [1933, Zoogeogr. 2: 123; nom. nud.}, 1935, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 20:

291, t. 11 fig. 87 (Falter), t. 17 fig. 62 (4-Genitalien) (Epiblema); diese Arbeit: Taf. 2

Fig. 3. — Palästina; Iran.

E. (E.) persiae Raz.

persiae Razowski, 1963, Acta Zool. Cracov. 8: 256, fig. 5—8 (Kopf, Vorderfligel, 4 2-

Genitalien) (Eucosma). — Südwestiran.

E. (E.) gypsatana (Kenn.) comb. nova* (2)

gypsatana Kennel, 1921, Pal. Tortr.: 557, t. 21 fig. 25 (Epiblema). — Diese Arbeit: Taf. 1

Fig. 4 (4-Genitalien). — Kleinasien.

E. (E.) albuneana (Z.) comb. nova

albuneana Zeller, 1847, Isis: 725 (Paedisca); albuncana (err. typogr.): Lederer, 1859, Wien.

Ent. Mschr. 3: 332 (Grapholitha, Paedisca). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 116, No. 2079;

Kennel, 1921: 557, t. 21 fig. 24 (4); diese Arbeit: Taf. 3 Fig. 1 (@-Genitalien). — Süd-

frankreich; Spanien; Sardinien; Sizilien; Dalmatien; Istrien; Rumänien; Südrußland; Nordwest-

afrika.

E. (E.) albarracina Hartig (3)

albarracina Hartig, 1941, Mitt. Münchn. Ent. Ges. 31: 156, t. 6 fig. 5 (Ezcosma). — Spanien

(Albarracin).

(233) N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae 7

E. (E.) lacteana (Tr.)

lacteana Treitschke, 1835, Schm. Eur. 10 (3): 113, 256 (Grapbolitha); lacteanum: Meyer,

1901, Kranchers Ent. Jahrb. 18: 148 (Epiblema). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 116, No. 2081;

Kennel, 1921: 558, t. 21 fig. 27 (4); Hannemann, 1961: 132, fig. 260 ( Â-Genitalien), t. 13

fig. 20 (Falter). — Belgien; Frankreich; Mitteleuropa; Ungarn; Polen; Spanien.

E. (E.) agnatana (Chr.) comb. nova

agnatana Christoph, 1872, Horae Soc. Ent. Ross. 9: 15, t. fig. 12 (Grapholitha). — Staudinger

& Rebel, 1901: 116, No. 2083; Kennel, 1916: 559, t. 21 fig. 29, 30 (3). — Ostrußland;

Südukraine; Kleinasien.

E. (E.) albidulana (H.S.)*

albidulana Herrich-Schäffer, 1851, Syst. Bearb. Schm. Eur. 4: 245 (Semasia) [1848, Tortr.:

t. 44 fig. 310; non bin.}; albidulata (laps.): Drenowsky, 1925, Zschr. wiss. Ins.biol. 20: 4

(Epiblema). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 116, No. 2082; Kennel, 1921: 559, t. 21 fig. 28

(2); Toll, 1939: 247, t. 2 fig. 10 (&-Genitalien); Hannemann, 1961: 125, fig. 241 (4-

Genitalien), t. 13 fig. 25 (Falter). — Deutschland; Österreich; Ungarn; Balkanhalbinsel; Süd-

und Westfrankreich; Polen; Iran; Algerien; ?Ostchina.

E. (E.) rigidana (Snell.)* (4)

rigidana Snellen, 1883, Tijdschr. v. Ent. 26: 203, t. 12 fig. 4, 4a (Falter, Kopf) (Grapbolitha,

Semasia). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 116, No. 2089; Kennel, 1916: 527, t. 20 fig. 29 (9);

Issiki, 1957: 59, t. 9 fig. 263 (2); diese Arbeit: Taf. 1 Fig. 5 (4-Genitalien). — Südost-

sibirien; Korea; Japan.

E. (E.) culmana (M.R.) comb. nova

culmana Müller-Rutz, 1932, Mitt. Schweiz. Ent. Ges. 15: 198, Tekstabb. (4 9) (Epiblema).

— Schweiz.

E. (E.) coagulana (Kenn.)*

coagulana Kennel, 1901, Iris 13 (1900): 278 (Epiblema). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 263,

No. 2085bis; Kennel, 1921: 560, t. 21 fig. 31, 32 (4 9); Razowski, 1963: 256, fig. 4 (&-

Genitalien). — Transkaukasien; Taurus; Iran; Zentralasien.

E. (E.) monstratana (Rbl.)* (5)

monstratana Rebel, 1906, Iris 19: 235 (Epiblema). — Thomann, 1926: 164, t. 2 fig. 3 (Falter);

Hannemann, 1961: 126 nota, 220 fig. (4-Genitalien), t. 22 fig. 1 (Falter); diese Arbeit:

Taf. 2 Fig. 2, Taf. 3 Fig. 5, 6, Taf. 4 Fig. 1 (Falter; 4 9-Genitalien). — Schweiz; Vorarlberg;

Südkarpaten.

E. (E.) scutiformis Meyr.*

scutiformis Meyrick, 1931, Bull. Sect. Sci. Acad. Roum. 14: 64 (Eucosma). — Clarke, 1958:

387, t. 192 fig. 3, 3a (Falter; ¢-Genitalien); diese Arbeit: Taf. 3 Fig. 2—4 ( 2 -Genitalien).

— Ostchina.

E. (E.) kemnerana (Lewin) comb. nova

kemnerana Lewin, 1942, Opusc. Ent. 7: 70, fig. 3 (4-Genitalien) (Epiblema). — Schweden.

E. (E.) cana (Hw.)*

cana Haworth, 1811, Lep. Brit.: 456 (Tortrix); monetulana Hübner, [1814—1817, Samml.

eur. Schm., Tortr.: t. 41 fig. 257; non bin.]; 1822, Syst.-alph. Verz.: 62 (Olethreutes); hohen-

wartiana (non Schiff.): Treitschke, 1830, Schm. Eur. 8: 204 (Grapholitha); carduana Guenée,

1845, Ann. Soc. Ent. France (2) 3: 188 (Catoptria); marmorana [| ?Fabricius, 1798, Suppl. Ent.

Syst.: 477 (Pyralis) ]: Werneburg, 1864, Beitr. Schm.kund. 1: 561 (Tortrix); scopoliana (part.):

Stephens, 1852, List Spec. Brit. Anim. 10: 62 (Grapholita); hohenwarthana var. a.: Stephens,

1852, op. cit.: 62 (Grapholita); aspidiscana var. ?b: Stephens, 1852, op. cit.: 93 (Grapholita,

Cydia). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 116, No. 2086; Kennel, 1921: 562, t. 21 fig. 36 (9);

8 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968 (234)

Pierce & Metcalfe, 1922: 72, t. 24 (4 9-Genitalien); Benander, 1950: 128, fig. 119 ( &-Geni-

talien), t. 7 fig. 36 (Vorderflügel); Issiki, 1957: 59, t. 9 fig. 264 (Falter); Swatschek, 1958:

137, fig. 147, 149, 150 (Larvalmorphologie); Okano, 1959: 260, t. 174 fig. 24 (Falter);

Hannemann, 1961: fig. 2392 (4-Genitalien; als hohenwartiana); Schantz, 1962: 2, fig. 1, 7

(2 8-Genitalien). — Großbritannien; Europa; Armenien; Kleinasien; Zentralasien; China;

Japan; Nordwestafrika.

f. (?) subvittana Stgr.

subvittana Staudinger, 1922, Iris 5: 299 (Grapholita). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 116,

No. 20864; Kennel, 1921: 563. — Spanien; Sardinien; Nordwestafrika.

E. (E) albicosta Falk.*

albicosta Falkovitsh, 1964, Trudy Zool. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR 34: 279, fig. 14, 15 (6 9-

Genitalien) (Ewcosma). — Transili-Alatau; Alai-Gebirge.

E. (E.) fulvana (Stph.)*

fulvana Stephens, [1829, Syst. Cat. Brit. Ins. 2: 180; nom. nud.}, 1834, Illustr. Brit. Ent,

Haust. 4: 123 (Carpocapsa, Epiblema); pupillana (non Cl:): Haworth, 1811, Lep. Brit.: 455

(Tortrix); ?hohenwartiana (non Schiff.): Haworth, 1811, op. cit.: 455 (Tortrix); ?strigana

Curtis, 1831, Brit. Ent.: expl. t. 352 (Carpocapsa); hohenwarthiana: Stephens, 1852, List Spec.

Brit. Anim. 10: 62 (Grapbolita); jaceana (part.): Wocke, 1871, Stgr.-Wck. Cat. Lep. eur.

Faun.: 252, No. 10464 (Grapholitha, Paedisca); fulvanum: Meyer, 1909, Kranchers Ent. Jahrb.

18: 147 (Epiblema); scopoliana (non Hw.): Benander, 1950, Svensk Ins.fauna 10: 128, fig.

119 (&-Genitalien) (Epiblema). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 116, No. 2084; Kennel, 1921:

563, t. 21 fig. 35 (4); Pierce & Metcalfe, 1922: 72, t. 24 (4 9-Genitalien); Swatschek,

1958: 137 (Larvalmorphologie); Hannemann, 1961: fig. 240 (&-Genitalien; als jaceana);

Schantz, 1962: 3, fig. 2, 10 (4 2-Genitalien); Kouznetzov, 1962, Bull. Soc. ent. Mulhouse:

55, fig. 5 (2-Genitalien). — Großbritannien; ganz Europa; Südwest- und Zentralasien;

Nordchina.

E. (E.) jaceana (H.S.)*

jaceana Herrich-Schäffer, 1851, Syst. Bearb. Schm. Eur. 4: 248 (Semasia); fulvana (patt.):

Barrett, 1873, Ent. Mo. Mag. 10: 5. — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 116, No. 2084 (part.; als

fulvana); Toll, 1939: 247, 259, t. 2 fig. 11 (&-Genitalien). Mitteldeutschland; Sardinien;

Siidpolen; Ostbaltikum.

E. (E.) aurantiradix Kouzn.*

aurantiradix Kouznetzov, 1962, Bull. Soc. Ent. Mulhouse: 55, fig. 4 (4 2 -Genitalien) (Ezcos-

ma, Catoptria). — Südostsibirien (Provinz Amur).

E. (E.) haberhaueri (Kenn.) comb. nova

haberhaueri Kennel, 1901, Iris 13 (1900): 280 (Epiblema). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 263,

No. 2085zer; Kennel, 1921: 564, t. 21 fig. 37 (4). — Transili-Alatau; Alai-Gebirge; Kuldscha;

Ferghana.

E. (E.) hohenwartiana (Schiff.)*

hohenwartiana Schiffermiller & Denis, 1776, Syst. Verz. Schm. Wien. Geg.: 129 (Phalaena

Tortrix); scopoliana (non Schiff.): Haworth, 1811, Lep. Brit.: 456 (Tortrix); pupillana (non

Cl.): Hübner, [1796—1799, Samml. eur. Schm., Tortr. t. 4 fig. 20; non bin.}, 1822, Syst.-alph.

Verz.: 63 (Olethreutes); hohenwarthiana: Treitschke, 1829, Schm. Eur. 7: 232 (Grapholita);

?strigana: Westwood & Humphreys, 1845, Brit. Moth 2: 138 (Carpocapsa); ?cervana: Scopoli,

1763, Ent. Carn.: 234 (Phalaena); Zeller, 1855, Stett. Ent. Ztg. 16: 246 (Tortrix); ?hybridella

(part.): Lederer, 1859, Wien. Ent. Mschr. 3: 278 (Coccyx); hohenworthiana (lapsus): Black-

more, 1864, Ent. Mo. Mag. 1: 123; jaceana (part.): Wocke, 1871, Stgr.-Wck., Cat. Lep. eur.

Fauna: 252, No. 1046a (Grapholitha, Paedisca); carduana (part.): Wocke, 1871, op. cit.: 252,

No. 1047 (Grapholitha, Paedisca); scopolianum: Meyer, 1909, Kranchers Ent. Jahrb. 18: 147

(Epiblema); scopaliana (lapsus): Clutten, 1930, The Ent. 63: 114 (Catoptria); fulvana (non

Stph.): Benander, 1950, Svensk Ins.fauna 10: 128, fig. 11r (&-Genitalien) (Epiblema);

(235) N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae 9

hoenwartiana (err. typogr.): Bradley, 1959, Ent. Gaz. 10: t. 7 fig. 80 (Falter) (Ewcosma);

cana (non Hw.): Hannemann, 1961, Dahls Tierwelt Dtschl. 48, Kleinschm. 1: fig. 245 (&-

Genitalien) (Excosma). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 116, No. 2085 (als scopoliana); Kennel,

1921: 561, t. 21 fig. 33 (4; als scopoliana); Pierce & Metcalfe, 1922: 72, t. 24 (3 2 -Geni-

talien; als scopolina); Swatschek, 1958: 136 (Larvalmorphologie); Schantz, 1962: 4, fig. 3, 8

(& 2 -Genitalien). — Großbritannien; Europa; Ciskaukasien; Nordwestafrika.

f. parvulana Stt.

parvulana Stainton, 1858, Man. Brit. Butt. & Moths 2: 210 (Catoptria). — Staudinger & Rebel,

1901: 116, No. 2085a; Kennel, 1921: 561, t. 21 fig. 34 (4); Pierce & Metcalfe, 1922: 72,

t. 24 (4 -Genitalien).

E. (E.) balatonana (Osth.) comb. nova* (6)

balatonana Osthelder, 1937, Iris 51: 109 (Epiblema); fulvana (non Stph.) Hannemann, 1961,

Dahls Tierwelt Dtschl. 48, Kleinschm. 1: fig. 242 (4-Genitalien) (Ewcosma); synon. nov.:

danicana Schantz, 1962, Notulae Ent. 42: 5, fig. 4, 11 (4 9-Genitalien) (Ezcosma). — Diese

Arbeit: Taf. 4 Fig. 2—3 (Falter, ¢-Genitalien). — Dänemark; Deutschland; Österreich;

Ungarn.

E. (E.) afflicta Falk.*

afflicta Falkovitsh, 1964, Trudy Zool. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR 34: 277, fig. 12, 13 (4 9-

Genitalien) (Eucosma). — Sibirien (Provinzen Kemerovo und Krasnojarsk; Dschungar- und

Transili-Alatau.

E. (E.) expallidana (Hw.)* (7)

expallidana Haworth, 1811, Lep. Brit.: 469 (Tortrix); rufana Stephens, [1829, Syst. Cat. Brit.

Ins. 2: 180, No. 6983 (Semasia); nom. nud.}, 1834, Illustr. Brit. Ent., Haust. 4: 124 (Carpo-

capsa, Epiblema); obumbratana Zeller, 1846, Isis: 240 (Grapholitha); westwoodiana Double-

day, 1850, Synon. List Brit. Lep.: 26 (Catoptria); ibiceana Herrich-Schäffer, 1851, Syst. Bearb.

Schm. Eur. 4: 249 (Semasia); lanceolana (part.): Lederer, 1859, Wien. Ent. Mschr. 3: 345

(Grapholitha). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 116, No. 2088; Kennel, 1921: 566, t. 21 fig. 41

(2); Pierce & Metcalfe, 1922: 72, t. 25 (4 9-Genitalien); Benander, 1942: 44, fig. le, g

(4 ®-Genitalien); Swatschek, 1958: 138, fig. 153, 154 (Larvalmorphologie); Hannemann,

1961: 126, fig. 244 (4-Genitalien), t. 15 fig. 2 (Falter); Schantz, 1962: 6, fig. 5, 9 (4 2-

Genitalien). — Großbritannien; Nord- und Mitteleuropa; Norditalien; Spanien; Balkan; Polen;

Ostbaltikum; Nordwest- und Ostrußland; Ukraine; Zentralasien (Alai-Gebirge); Südostsibirien.

E. (E.) sublucidana (Kenn.) comb. nova

sublucidana Kennel, 1901, Iris 13 (1900): 282 (Epiblema). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 263,

No. 2089bis; Kennel, 1921: 566, t. 21 fig. 42 (4). — Aragonien.

E. (E.) scutana (Const.)*

scutana Constant, 1893, Ann. Soc. Ent. France 62: 391, t. 11 fig. 3 (Grapholitha). — Stau-

dinger & Rebel, 1901: 116, No. 2087; Kennel, 1921: 565, t. 21 fig. 39, 40 (4 9); Swatschek,

1958: 137, fig. 151, 152 (Larvalmorphologie); Hannemann, 1961: 126, fig. 243 ( &-Geni-

talien), t. 15 fig. 3 (Falter); Razowski, 1961: 676, t. 88 fig. 12 ( 4 -Genitalien). — Südwest-

und Süddeutschland; Schweiz; Südfrankreich; Mittelitalien; Sizilien.

E. (E.) flavispecula Kuzn.* (8)

flavispecula Kuznetzov, 1964, Trudy Zool. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR 34: 260, fig. 3a, 4a (& 9-

Genitalien) (Eucosma). — Diese Arbeit: Taf. 5 Fig. 3, 5 (Falter). — Burgenland; Südtirol;

Rumänien; Südukraine; Zentral- und Ostrußland; Sibirien.

E. (E.) scorzonerana (Ben.)*

scorzonerana Benander, 1942, Opusc. Ent. 7: 46, fig. If, h (4 2-Genitalien) (Epiblema). —

Benander, 1950: 129, fig. 114 (&-Genitalien); Schantz, 1962: 8, fig. 6 (4-Genitalien);

Kuznetzov, 1964 fig. 3b, 4b (4 ®-Genitalien). — Schweden; Finnland; Nordwestrußland;

Ostbaltikum; Polen.

10 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968 (236)

E. (E.) individiosana (Kenn.) comb. nova* (9)

individiosana Kennel, 1901, Iris 13 (1900): 278 (Epiblema). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901:

263, No. 2088guat.; Kennel, 1921: 556, t. 21 fig. 23 (4). — Algerien.

E. (E.) cumulana (Gn.)*

cumulana Guenée, 1845, Ann. Soc. Ent. France (2) 3: 189 (Catoptria); hornigiana Hornig,

1857, Wien. Ent. Mschr. 1: 72 (Grapholitha). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 116, No. 2091;

Kennel, 1921: 568, t. 21 fig. 46 (9); Hannemann, 1961: 125 nota, 220 fig. ( 4 -Genitalien),

t. 11 fig. 6 (Falter). — Österreich; Ungarn; Rumänien; Mazedonien; ?Nordwestrußland.

ssp. caradjai nom. nov.

obscurana Caradja, 1916, Iris 30: 66 (Epiblema; praeoc. per F., 1798); cumulana (part.):

Rebel, 1901, Stgr.-Rbl. Cat. Lep. Pal. Faun. 2: 116, No. 2091 (Epiblema). — Kennel, 1921:

568, t. 21 fig. 47 (8). — Südfrankreich; Spanien.

E. (E.) umbratana (Stgr.) comb. nova*

umbratana Staudinger, 1879, Horae Soc. Ent. Ross. 15: 253 (Grapholitha). — Staudinger &

Rebel, 1901: 117, No. 2094; Kennel, 1921: 570, t. 21 fig. 50 (4); diese Arbeit: Taf. 5 Fig. 1

(&-Genitalien). — Mittelitalien; Sizilien; Albanien; Mazedonien; Kleinasien; Armenien.

E. (E.) fervidana (Z.)*

fervidana Zeller, 1847, Isis: 730 (Paedisca). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 116, No. 2092;

Kennel, 1921: 568, t. 21 fig. 48 (2); Hannemann, 1961: 128, fig. 249 (4-Genitalien), t. 12

fig. 3 (Falter); diese Arbeit: Taf. 5 Fig. 2 (&-Genitalien). — Niederösterreich; Kärnten;

Dalmatien; ?Südkarpaten; Sizilien; Sardinien; Süditalien; Algerien.

E. (E.) decolorana (Frr.)*

decolorana Freyer, 1842, Neue Beitr. Schm.kunde 4: 48, t. 318 fig. 5 (Paedisca); ?hinnebergi-

ana (non Fuchs): Krone, 1911, Jahresber. Wien. Ent. Ver. 21 (1910): 42 (Semasia). — Stau-

dinger & Rebel, 1901: 116, No. 2090; Kennel, 1921: 567, t. 21 fig. 45 (4); Obraztsov, 1946:

38, fig. 2 (4-Genitalien); Hannemann, 1961: 128, fig. 250 (&-Genitalien) t. 11 fig. 6

(Falter). — Frankreich; Osten von Mitteldeutschland; Rhein; Österreich; Ungarn; Polen;

Ukraine; Ost- und ?Nordwestrußland; ?Westchina (Bathang); ?Westpakistan (Karachi).

E. (E.) kurdistana (Ams.) comb. nova

kurdistana Amsel, 1959, Bull. Soc. Ent. Egypte 43: 58, t. 5 fig. 1 (4-Genitalien) (Epiblema).

— Irak.

E. (E.) victoriana (Kenn.) comb. nova* (10)

victoriana Kennel, 1919, Mitt. Münchn. Ent. Ges. 8: 86, t. 3 fig. 18, 19 (Epiblema). — Diese

Arbeit: Taf. 6 Fig. 1—3 (Falter, 4-Genitalien). — Sibirien (Sajan).

E. (E.) recentana (Zerny) comb. nova*

fessana (non Mn.): Kennel, 1921, Pal. Tortr.: 548, t. 21 fig. 3 (4) (Epiblema); recentana

Zerny, 1933, Iris 47: t. 1 fig. 9; 1934, ibid. 48: 16 (Epiblema). — Diese Arbeit: Taf. 6 Fig. 4

(Falter). — Nordlibanon; Mesopotamien.

E. (E.) guentheri (Tgstr.) comb. nova*

güntheri Tengström, 1869, Acta Soc. Faun. Flora Fenn. 10: 361 (71) (Grapholitha). —

Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 118, No. 2124; Kennel, 1921: 620, t. 23 fig. 21 (4); Toll, 1958:

74, fig. 10 (4 -Genitalien), t. 3 fig. 13 (Falter); diese Arbeit: Taf. 5 Fig. 4 (4 -Genitalien).

— Finnland; Ostkarelien.

Species incertae sedis

E. (E.) atelosticta Meyr.

atelosticta Meyrick, 1922, Exot. Micr. 2: 516 (Ewcosma). — Viette, 1952: 150 (Typus);

Razowski, 1960a: 385, fig. 19 (®-Genitalien). — Ostchina (Schanghai).

(237) N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae M

E. (E.) catharaspis (Meyr.)

catharaspis Meyrick, 1922, Exot. Micr. 2: 514 (Ancylis); cataraspis Razowski, 1960, Polsk.

Pismo Ent. 30: 386, fig. 20 (9-Genitalien) (Ewcosma). — Viette, 1952: 150 (Typus). —

Ostchina (Schanghai).

E. (E.) coeruleostriana Car.

coeruleostriana Caradja, 1939, Iris 53: 11 (Ewcosma). — Nordchina (Schansi).

E. (E.) disjectana (Kenn.) comb. nova

disjectana Kennel, 1921, Pal. Tortr.: 558, t. 21 fig. 26 (Epiblema); disjectama (err. typogr.):

Petersen, 1924, Lep.-Fauna Estl.: 459 (Epiblema). — ?Livland.

E. (E.) erebantra Meyr.

erebantra Meyrick, 1937, Iris 51: 181 (Ewcosma). — Yiinnan.

E. (E.) ignotana (Car.) comb. nova

ignotana Caradja, 1916, Iris 30: 64 (Semasia). — Südostsibirien (Kasakewitsch).

Sg. Pygolopha Ld., 1859

E. (P.) lugubrana (Tr.)*

lugubrana Treitschke, 1830, Schm. Eur. 8: 26 (Penthina); tinacriana Lederer, 1859, Wien. Ent

Mschr. 3: 280, t. 2 fig. 1, 2 (Pygolopha); amandana (ex err.): Aigner-Abafi, 1898, Illustr.

Zschr. Ent. 3: 312 (Phtheochroa); trinacriana (laps.): Rebel, 1901, Stgr.-Rbl., Cat. Lep. Pal.

Faun. 2: 115 (Pygolopha). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 115, No. 2066; Kennel, 1908: 53,

t. 2 fig. 5—8 (Geäder, 9-Hinterleibspitze); 1921: 545, t. 20 fig. 62, 63 (4 2); Hannemann,

1961: 129, fig. 251-2515 (Kopf, Geäder, 4 -Genitalien). — Ungarn; Niederösterreich; Kara-

wanken; Tschechoslowakei; Südtirol; Istrien; Mazedonien; Sizilien; Südfrankreich.

f. tarica Hartig

tarica Hartig, 1949, Bol. Assoc. Rom. Ent. 4: 2, t. 1 fig. 1 (Pygolopha). — Garda-See.

Sg. Palpocrinia Kenn., 1919

E. (P.) ottoniana (Kenn.) comb. nova*

ottoniana Kennel, 1919, Mitt. Münchn. Ent. Ges. 8: 66, t. 2 fig. 20 (Falter), t. 4 fig. 5 (Kopf)

(Palpocrinia). — Obraztsov, 1955: 163, fig. 279 (Kopf); 1956: 117; 1965: 25; diese Arbeit:

Taf. 7 Fig. 1 (&-Genitalien). — Lob-Noor.

Sg. Phaneta Stph., 1852

E. (P.) niveicaput (Wlsm.) comb. nova*

niveicaput Walsingham, 1900, Ann. Mag. NH. (7) 6: 406 (Thiodia). — Issiki, 1957:

63, t. 10 fig. 296 (Falter); diese Arbeit: Taf. 6 Fig. 5, Taf. 7 Fig. 2—3 (& Q-Genitalien). —

Japan.

E. (P.) brachysticta Meyr.*

brachysticta Meyrick, 1935, in Caradja & Meyrick, Mater. Microlep. Fauna chines. Prov.: 55

(Eucosma). — Diese Arbeit: Taf. 7 Fig. 4—5 (Falter, 4 -Genitalien). — Ostchina.

E. (P.) nitorana Kuzn.*

nitorana Kuznetzov, 1962, Bull. Soc. Ent. Mulhouse: 57, fig. 6 (4 9-Genitalien) (Eucosma,

Phaneta). — Südostsibirien.

E. (P.) pergratana (Rbl.) comb. nova*

pergratana Rebel, 1914, Iris 28: 274, t. 4 fig. 11 (Steganoptycha). — Kuldscha.

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968 (238)

(P.) messingiana (F.R.)*

messingiana Fischer v. Röslerstamm, 1837, Abb. Bericht. Ergänz. Schm.kunde: 89, t. 40 fig.

14-b (Grapholitha); wimmeriana (part.): Lederer, 1859, Wien. Ent. Mschr. 3: 337 (Grapho-

litha). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 114, No. 2034; Kennel, 1916: 524, t. 20 fig. 21 (8);

Benander, 1950: 120, fig. 11f (&-Genitalien), t. 7 fig. 34 (Vorderflügel); Hannemann, 1961:

133, fig. 264 (&-Genitalien), t. 15 fig. 20 (Falter). — Nord- und Mitteleuropa; Ostbaltikum;

Ungarn; Südpolen; Ukraine; Ostrußland; Südostsibirien; ?Spanien.

. (P.) ursulana (Kenn.) comb. nova

ursulana Kennel, 1919, Mitt. Miinchn. Ent. Ges. 8: 85, t. 3 fig. 17 (Semasia). — Ostrußland

(Uralsk); Zentralsibirien (Ostsajan).

. (P.) nessebarana (Soffner) comb. nova*

nessebarana Soffner, 1962, Dtsche Ent. Zschr. (N.F.) 9: 140, fig. 5 (4 9-Genitalien) (Se-

masia). — Ostbulgarien.

. (P.) sparsana (Rbl.) comb. nova*

sparsana Rebel, 1935, Bull. Soc. Lépid. Génève 7: 175 (Semasia). — Diese Arbeit: Taf. 7 Fig. 6

(Falter). — Kleinasien.

(P.) pylonitis Meyr.*

pylonitis Meyrick, 1932, Exot. Micr. 4: 307 (Eucosma). — Clarke, 1958: 384, t. 191 fig.

3—34 (Falter, 4 -Genitalien). — Kaschmir.

(P.) pauperana (Dup.)*

pauperana Duponchel, 1843, Hist. Nat. Lépid. France, Suppl. 4: 170, t. 64 fig. 10 (Cochylis);

?paykulliana (non F.): Haworth, 1811, Lep. Brit: 435 (Tortrix). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901:

110, No. 1971; Kennel, 1916: 493, t. 19 fig. 40 (8); Pierce & Metcalfe, 1922: 70, t. 24

(4 Q-Genitalien). — England; Mittel- und Südeuropa; Polen; Kleinasien.

(P.) muliebris Meyr.

muliebris Meyrick, 1922, Exot. Micr. 2: 515 (Ewcosma). — Razowski, 19604: 385, fig. 11

( 4-Genitalien). — Korea.

. (P.) tundrana (Kenn.)*

tundrana Kennel, 1900, Iris 13: 148, t. fig. 24, 25 (Semasia); cordulana (Kennel, il.) Rebel,

1917, Iris 30: 192 (Semasia). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 262, No. 2044bis; Kennel, 1916:

523, t. 20 fig. 20 (2); Osthelder, 1939: 90, t. 2 fig. 49 (2); Toll, 1939: 245, 259, t. 2 fig. 8

(&-Genitalien); Hannemann, 1961: 133, fig. 266 (4-Genitalien), t. 5 fig. 13, t. 21 fig. 7

(Falter). — Zentralasien; Sibirien; Mandschurei; Ostrußland; Ukraine; Südostpolen; Ungarn;

Südbayern.

(P.) brigittana (Kenn.) comb. nova

brigittana Kennel, 1919, Mitt. Münchn. Ent. Ges. 8: 83, t. 3 fig. 15 (Semasia). — Ost-Tannuola.

. (P.) sybillana (Kenn.) comb. nova

sybillana Kennel, 1919, Mitt. Münchn. Ent. Ges. 8: 82, t. 3 fig. 14 (Semasia). — Sibirien

(Sajan).

(P.) amellana (Preiss.)*

amellana Preissecker, 1930, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 80: (20), fig. 3 rechts (Semasia). —

Hannemann, 1961: 130 nota, 220 fig. (&-Genitalien), t. 21 fig. 21 (Falter); diese Arbeit:

Taf. 6 Fig. 6, Taf. 8 Fig. 2, Taf. 9 Fig. 1 (Falter, 4 9 -Genitalien). — Österreich.

. (P.) krygeri (Rbl.)*

krygeri Rebel, 1937, Zschr. Österr. Ent. Ver. 22: 42, t. 2 fig. 3 (Semasia). — Worm-Hansen

& Larsson, 1947: 174—195, 187 fig. 1—10 (Falter, Kopf, Beine, Puppe, Beschädigung), 188

(239) N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae 13

fig. 1—20 (Larvalmorphologie), 190 fig. 1, 3, 4 (4 Q-Genitalien); Hannemann, 1961: 129

nota, 220 fig. (4-Genitalien), t. 21 fig. 22 (Falter); diese Arbeit: Taf. 8 Fig. 4, 6, Taf. 9

Fig. 2 (Falter, 3 Q-Genitalien). — Dänemark.

E (P.) tarandana (Möschl.)*

tarandana Möschler, 1874, Stett. Ent. Ztg. 35: 165 (Grapholitha); taradana (err. typogr.):

Heinrich, 1923, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus. 123: 296 (Thiodia). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 114,

No. 2048; Kennel, 1916: 517, t. 20 fig. 7 (&); Heinrich, 1923: 52, t. 16 fig. 112 ( 4 -Geni-

talien). — Labrador; Kanada; ?Dahurien.

E. (P.) sinensis (Wlsm.) comb. nova*

sinensis Walsingham, 1900, Ann. & Mag. N.H. (7) 6: 406 (Thiodia). — Diese Arbeit: Taf. 8

Fig. 3, 5 (Falter, ¢-Genitalien). — Ostchina.

E. (P.) urbana (Kenn.) comb. nova

urbana Kennel, 1901, Iris 13 (1900): 271 (Semasia). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 262,

No. 2022bis; Kennel, 1916: 526, t. 20 fig. 26 (4). — Spanien; Kleinasien.

E. (P.) glebana (Snell.) comb. nova*

glebana Snellen, 1883, Tijdschr. v. Ent. 26: 206, t. 12 fig. 6, 64 (Falter, Kopf) (Grapholitha,

Semasia). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 114, No. 2024; Kennel, 1916: 527, t. 20 fig. 27, 28

(& 2); Issiki, 1957: 58, t. 9 fig. 262 (Falter); diese Arbeit: Taf. 8 Fig. 7 (4 -Genitalien). —

Südostsibirien; Japan.

E. (P.) gracilis (Fil.) comb. nova

gracilis Filipjev, 1925, Jahrb. Martianov. Staatsmus. 2 (3): 61 (Semasia). — Sibirien (Minus-

sinsk).

E. (P.) cetratana (Kenn.) comb. nova

cetratana Kennel, 1901, Iris 13 (1900): 264 (Semasia). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 262,

No. 2032bis; Kennel, 1916: 510, t. 19 fig. 76 (&). — Originalfundort und Verbreitung un-

bekannt.

E. (P.) fraudulentana (Kenn.) comb. nova

fraudulentana Kennel, 1901, Iris 13 (1900): 265 (Semasia). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901:

262, No. 2045bi5; Kennel, 1916: 510, t. 19 fig. 77 (2). — Alatau-Gebirge.

E. (P.) intermediana (Kenn.) comb. nova

intermediana Kennel, 1900, Iris 13: 146, t. f. 21 (Semasia). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 262,

No. 2045ter; Kennel, 1916: 511, t. 19 fig. 78 (4). — Amur.

E. (P.) malitiosana (Kenn.) comb. nova

malitiosana Kennel, 1901, Iris 13 (1900): 266 (Semasia). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 262,

No. 2054bis; Kennel, 1916: 511, t. 19 fig. 79 (&). — Mongolei (Uliassutai).

E. (P.) lignana (Snell.) comb. nova

lignana Snellen, 1883, Tijdschr. v. Ent. 26: 235, t. 12 fig. 5, 5a (Falter, Kopf) (Grapholitha,

Semasia); messingiana (part.): Rebel, 1901, Stgr.-Rbl. Cat. Lep. Pal. Faun. 2: 114, No. 2034

(Semasia); elongata Filipjev, 1924, Jahrb. Martianov. Staatsmus. 2 (3): 24, 38 (Semasia). —

Filipjev, 1930a: 6, t. 2 fig. 7 (Falter). — Sibirien (Irkutsk, Tschita).

E. (P.) metana (Kenn.) comb. nova

metana Kennel, 1919, Mitt. Münchn. Ent. Ges. 8: 84, t. 3 fig. 16 (Semasia). — Ostchina

(Schanghai).

E. (P.) striatiradix Kuzn.*

striatiradix Kuznetzov, 1964, Trudy Zool. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR 34: 262, fig. 5 (4 9-

Genitalien) (Eucosma, Phaneta). — Südostsibirien; Minussinsk.

14 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968 (240)

E. (P.) tripoliana (Barr.)*

tripoliana Barrett, 1880, Ent. Mo. Mag. 17: 84 (Catoptria); aemulana (non Schl.): Pierce &

Metcalfe, 1922, Genit. Brit. Tortr.: 71, t. 24 (& 9-Genitalien) (Phaneta). — Staudinger &

Rebel, 1901: 114, No. 2032; Kennel, 1916: 519, t. 20 fig. 11 (2); Wolff, 1952: 61 (Syste-

matik); Swatschek, 1958: 140 (Larvalmorphologie; als aemulana); Hannemann, 1961: 132,

fig. 259 (Â-Genitalien), t. 20 fig. 11 (4). — England; Holland; Deutschland; Frankreich;

?Polen.

E. (P.) aspidiscana (Hb.)*

?cervana Scopoli, 1763, Ent. Carn.: 234 (Phalaena); ?obscurana Fabricius, 1798, Suppl. Ent.

Syst.: 476 (Pyralis); ?petiverella (non L.): Charpentier, 1821, Zinsler etc.: 120 (Tizea);

aspidiscana Hübner, [1814—1817, Samml. eur. Schm., Tortr.: t. 41 fig. 256; non bin.}, 1822,

Syst.-alph. Verz.: 58 (Olethreutes); ?zachana Hübner, [1814—1817, op. cit.: t. 38 fig. 243;

non bin.}, 1822, op. cit.: 66 (Olethreutes); aspidana Frölich, 1828, Enum. Tortr. Würt.: 96

(Tortrix); dahlbomiana Zetterstedt, 1840, Ins. Lap.: 987 (Phoxopteris); nebritana (ex err.):

Herrich-Schäffer, 1848, Syst. Bearb. Schm. Eur. 4: t. 33 fig. 241 (non bin.). — Staudinger &

Rebel, 1901: 114, No. 2049; Kennel, 1916: 517, t. 20 fig. 8 (9); Pierce & Metcalfe, 1922: 71,

t. 24 (& $-Genitalien); Higgins, 1934: 169, fig. 1 (Labialpalpus), t. 2 fig 3, 4 (3 2);

Benander, 1928: 147, fig. 4m-o (Larvalmorphologie); 1950: 119, fig. 117 (4-Genitalien),

t. 7 fig. 30 (Vorderflügel); Swatschek, 1958: 139, fig. 156 (Larvalmorphologie); Hannemann,

1961: 130, fig. 257 (&-Genitalien), t. 13 fig. 26 (Falter). — Großbritannien; ganz Europa

und Sibirien; Zentralasien; Armenien; Kleinasien; Nordwestafrika.

f. rubescana Const.

rubescana Constant, 1895, Bull. Soc. Ent. France: LI (Grapholitha). — Staudinger & Rebel,

1901: 114, No. 20494; Kennel, 1916: 517, t. 20 fig. 9 (2).

E. (P.) saussureana (Ben.) comb. nova*

saussureana Benander, 1928, Ent. Tidskr. 29: 142, fig. 4a-l ( $-Genitalien, Larval- und Pupal-

morphologie) (Phaneta, Semasia). — Benander, 1950: 119, fig. 114 ( & -Genitalien), t. 7 fig. 31

(Vorderflügel). — Schweden; Finnland.

E. (P.) gradensis (Galv.) comb. nova*

gradensis Galvagni, 1909, Mitt. Naturwiss. Ver. Wien. Univ. 7: 248 (Semasia). — Diese

Arbeit: Taf. 8 Fig. 1, 8 (Falter, 4 -Genitalien). — Dalmatien (Grado).

E. (P.) catoptrana (Rbl.) status & comb. nov.

catoptrana Rebel, 1903, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien 53: 91 (Semasia); rubescana (non Const.):

Huggins, 1924, The Ent. 57: 14 (Catoptria); synon. nov.: heringiana Jäckh, 1953, Zschr. Lepid.

3: 43, fig. 1, 2 (Catoptria, Semasia). — Kennel, 1921: 719; Huggins, 1934: 169, fig. 1 (Labial-

palpus), t. 2 fig. 1, 2 (4 2) (als rubescana); Bradley, 1959: 62, fig. 6 (4-Genitalien), t. 8

fig. 85 (Falter); Hannemann, 1961: 129, fig. 254 ( Â-Genitalien), t. 20 fig. 22 (Falter) (bei

den beiden letzteren Autoren als heringiana). — England; Ostfriesische Inseln (Wangeroog);

Osterreich; Spanien.

E. (P.) conterminana (Gn.)*

conterminana Guenée, 1845, Ann. Soc. Ent. France (2) 3: 189 (Catoptria); caecimaculata

Duponchel, 1835, Hist. Nat. Lép. France 9: t. 249 fig. 5% (non bin.). — Herrich-Schäffer,

1848: t. 42 fig. 297; 1851: 247; Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 114, No. 2051; Kennel, 1916: 519,

t. 20 fig. 12 (2); Pierce & Metcalfe, 1922: 71, t. 24 (4 9-Genitalien); Swatschek, 1958:

140, fig. 158 (Larvalmorphologie); Hannemann, 1961: 130, fig. 258 (4-Genitalien), t. 13

fig. 23 (Falter). — Großbritannien; ganz Europa; Ciskaukasien; Armenien; Südostsibirien;

Zentralasien.

E. (P.) incinerana (Const.) comb. nova

incinerana Constant, 1888, Ann. Soc. Ent. France (6) 8: 167, t. 4 fig. 6 (Grapholitha). —

Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 114, No. 2050; Kennel, 1916: 520, t. 20 fig. 13 (4). — Süd-

frankreich.

(241) N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae 15

E. (P.) incana (Z.)*

incana Zeller, 1946, Isis: 239 (Grapholitha). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 114, No. 2046;

Kennel, 1916: 520, t. 20 fig. 14 (4); Swatschek, 1958: 141 (Larvalmorphologie); Hannemann,

1961: 130, fig. 256 ( -Genitalien), t. 13 fig. 24 (Falter). — Mittel- und Südeuropa; Holland;

Ostbaltikum; Polen; Ukraine; Rußland.

E. (P.) aemulana (Schläg.)*

aemulana Schläger, 1849, Ber. lepid. Tauschver. Jena: 39 (Grapholitha); latiorana Herrich-

Schäffer, 1851, Syst. Bearb. Schm. Eur. 4: 248 (Semasia) [1848, Tortr.: t. 44 fig. 312; non

bin.}; modestana Stainton, 1859, Man. Brit. Butt. & Moths 2: 242 (Grapholitha); ?decolorana

(non Frr.): Barrett, 1885, Ent. Mo. Mag. 21: 109 (Catoptria). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901:

114, No. 3031; Kennel, 1916: 518, t. 20 fig. 10 (9); Pierce & Metcalfe, 1922: 71, t. 24 (4 S-

Genitalien; als latiorana); Wolff, 1952: 61, 62 (Systematik; als /atiorana); Swatschek, 1958:

140, fig. 157 (Larvalmorphologie; als latiorana); Hannemann, 1961: 130, fig. 255 ( &-Geni-

talien), t. 13 fig. 22 (Falter). — England; Schottland; ?Dänemark; Holland; Mitteleuropa;

Frankreich; ?Slowakei; ?Rumänien; Ostbaltikum; Polen; Nordwestrußland; ?Transili-Alatau.

E. (P.) intacta (Wlsm.) comb. nova *

intacta Walsingham, 1900, Ann. & Mag. NH. (7) 6: 405 (Thiodia). — Issiki, 1957: 59, t. 9

fig. 265 (Falter); diese Arbeit: Taf. 9 Fig. 3, Taf. 10 Fig. 2 (Falter, 3 -Genitalien). — China;

Japan.

E. (P.) cretaceana (Kenn.) comb. nova

cretaceana Kennel, 1899, Iris 12: 42, t. 1 fig. 41 (Grapholitha). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901:

121, No. 2170; Kennel, 1916: 521, t. 20 fig. 15 (4). — Spanien; Albanien.

E. (P.) metzneriana (Tr.)*

metzneriana Treitschke, 1830, Schm. Eur. 8: 277 (Cochylis). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901:

114, No. 2043; Kennel, 1916: 522, t. 20 fig. 17 (4); Issiki, 1957: 59, t. 9 fig. 266 (Falter);

Swatschek, 1958: 142 (Larvalmorphologie); Okano, 1959: 260, t. 174 fig. 25 (2); Hanne-

mann, 1961: 133, fig. 265 (4-Genitalien), t. 15 fig. 14 (Falter). — Mitteleuropa; Holland;

Belgien; Frankreich; Ungarn; Südtirol; Dalmatien; Polen; Ukraine; Süd- und Ostrußland; Iran;

Sibirien; China; Korea; Japan; ?Nordwestafrika.

f. osthelderi Dufr.

osthelderi Dufrane, 1955, Bull. Inst. Roy. Sci. Nat. Belg. 31 (33): 3 (Eucosma). — Belgien.

f. anserana Hein. status nov.

anserana Heinemann, 1863, Schm. Dtschl. u. Schweiz (2) 1 (1): 169 (Grapholitha, Semasia).

— Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 114, No. 2028; Kennel, 1916: 521, t. 20 fig. 16 (4); Toll,

1939: 245, 259, t. 1 fig. 6, 7 (&-Genitalien). — Ungarn; Bulgarien; Südpolen; Ukraine;

Ostrußland.

f. joannisiola Duft.

joannisiola Dufrane, 1955, Bull. Inst. Roy. Sci. Nat. Belg. 31 (33): 3 (Ewcosma). — Schanghai.

E. (P.) wimmerana (Tr.)*

wimmerana Treitschke, 1835, Schm. Eur. 10 (3): 256 (Grapholitha); wimmeriana Lederer,

1859, Wien. Ent. Mschr. 3: 337 (Grapholitha). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 114, No. 2044;

Kennel, 1916: 522, t. 20 fig. 18 (4); Hannemann, 1961: 132, fig. 262 ( 4 -Genitalien), t. 20

fig. 21 (Falter). — Nordfrankreich; Norditalien; Ungarn; Ukraine; Ostrußland; Armenien.

E. (P.) maritima (Westw. & Humphr.)*

maritima Westwood & Humphreys, 1845, Brit. Moths 2: 138 (Carpocapsa); wimmerana (non

Tr.): Doubleday, 1849, Synon. List Brit. Lepid.: 26 (Catoptria); ?lacteana (non Tr.): Stephens,

1852, List Spec. Brit. Anim. 10: 62 (Grapholita); caudidulana Nolcken, 1870, Arb. Naturf.

Ver. Riga (N.F.) 3: 413 (Grapholitha). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 116, No. 2080; Kennel,

16 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968 (242)

1916: 523, t. 20 fig. 19 (4; bei den beiden Autoren als candidulana); Pierce & Metcalfe, 1922:

70, t. 24 (4 9-Genitalien); Worm-Hansen & Larsson, 1947: 190, fig. 2 ( £-Genitalien; als

candidulana); Benander, 1950: 119, fig. 11g (&-Genitalien), t. 7 fig. 33 (Vorderflügel);

Swatschek, 1958: 142 (Larvalmorphologie); Hannemann, 1961: 133, fig. 263 (&-Genitalien),

t. 15 fig. 23 (Falter). — England; Dänemark; Holland; Belgien; Mitteleuropa; Frankreich;

Südmähren; Skandinavien; Finnland; Nordwestrußland; Ostbaltikum; Polen; Ukraine.

E. (P.) apocrypha Falk.*

apocrypha Falkovitsh, 1964, Trudy Zool. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR 34: 280, fig. 16, 17 (4 2-

Genitalien) (Eucosma, Phaneta). — Kasachstan.

ssp. tagarica Falk.

tagarica Falkovitsh, 1964, Trudy Zool. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR 34: 282 (Eacosma). — Sibirien

(Provinz Krasnojarsk).

E. (P.) nigromaculana (Hw.)*

nigro-maculana Haworth, 1811, Lep. Brit.: 436 (Tortrix); nigromaculana: Stephens, 1829, Syst.

Cat. Brit. Ins. 2: 178, No. 6962 (Anchylopera); nigromaculata Wood, 1839, Ind. Ent.: 144,

t. 32 fig. 962 (Anticlea); freyeriana Fischer v. Röslerstamm, 1839, Abb. Bericht. Ergänz.

Schm.kunde: 132, t. 51 fig. 3 (Grapholitha); nigrimaculana Barrett, 1874, Ent. Mo. Mag. 11:

134; campoliliana (non Schiff.): Hannemann, 1961, Dahls Tierw. Mitteleur. 48, Microlep. 1:

132, fig. 261 (&-Genitalien), t. 13 fig. 19 (Falter) (Ewcosma, Phaneta). — Staudinger &

Rebel, 1901: 110, No. 1972; Kennel, 1916: 496, t. 19 fig. 48 (2); Pierce & Metcalfe, 1922:

70, t. 24 (& 2-Genitalien); Swatschek, 1958: 139, fig. 155 (Larvalmorphologie). — Groß-

britannien; Nordfrankreich; Mitteleuropa; Balkanhalbinsel; Südungarn.

f. capitinivana Bruand

albana Haworth, 1811, Lep. Brit.: 436 (Tortrix; nom. praeocc.); capitinivana Bruand, 1847,

Mém. Soc. emul. Doubs 2, Cat. Microlép. Doubs: 45 (Grapholitha); nigromaculana (part.):

Kennel, 1916, Pal. Tortr.: 496, t. 19 fig. 47 (9) (Semasia).

ssp. ussuriana Car.

ussuriana Caradja, 1916, Iris 30: 60 (Steganoptycha). — Südostsibirien (Kasakewitch).

E. (P.) galactica nom. nov.*

galactica Obraztsov: diese Arbeit; ?/ucimana (Kenn. il.) Caradja, 1916, Iris 30: 63 (Semasia;

nom. nud.); luciana Kennel, 1919, Mitt. Münchn. Ent. Ges. 8: 81, t. 3 fig. 13 (Semasia). —

Diese Arbeit: Taf. 9 Fig. 4 (4-Genitalien). — Südukraine; Rumänien; Ostrußland; Sibirien.

f. caliacrana Car.

caliacrana Caradja, 1931, Mem. Sect. Stiint. Acad. Rom. (3) 7 (8): 329 (Semasia).

E. (P.) sardoensis (Rbl.) comb. nova *

sardoensis Rebel, 1935, Iris 50: 94 (Semasia). — Diese Arbeit: Taf. 11 Fig. 1 (Falter, &-

Genitalien). — Sardinien.

E. (P.) suomiana (Hoffm.) comb. nova

suomiana Hoffmann, 1893, Stett. Ent. Ztg. 54: 142 (Grapholitha). — Staudinger & Rebel,

1901: 115, No. 2052; Kennel, 1921: 718; Benander, 1950: 120, fig. 114 ( &-Genitalien). —

Schweden; Finnland.

E. (P.) abacana (Ersch.) comb. nova *

abacana Erschoff, 1877, Horae Soc. Ent. Ross. 12 (1876): 342 (Grapholitha); opulentana

Christoph, 1881, Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou 56 (3): 413 (Grapholitha; nom. praeocc.);

abascana (err.): Kurentsov, 1950, Soobsch. Dalnevost. Fil. Akad. Nauk SSSR: 30 (Semasia). —

Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 114, No. 2047; Kennel, 1916: 506, t. 19 fig. 69, 70 ( 2); Issiki,

1957: 60, t. 9 fig. 277 (2). — Zentralasien; Süd- und Siidostsibirien; ?Südkarpaten (Retyezat-

Gebirge).

(243) N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae 17

E. (P.) oculatana (Kenn.) comb. nova

oculatana Kennel, 1900, Iris 13: 143, t. fig. 19 (Semasia). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 262,

No. 2047bis; Kennel, 1916: 507, t. 19 fig. 71 (2). — Ostsibirien (Irkutsk).

E. (P.) pupillana (Cl.)*

pupillana Clerck, 1759, Icones Ins.: t. 11 fig. 9 (non bin.) [Linné, 1761, Fauna Suec.: 349

(Phalaena Tortrix)]}; absinthiana [Hübner, 1796—1799, Samml. eur. Schm., Tortr.: t. 6 fig. 34;

non bin.] Haworth, 1811, Lep. Brit.: 457 (Tortrix); absynthiana Hübner, 1822, Syst.-alph.

Verz.: 58 (Olethreutes). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 114, No. 2042; Kennel, 1916: 507,

t. 19 fig. 72 (2); Pierce & Metcalfe, 1922: 71, t. 24 (4 ®-Genitalien); Benander, 1950: 118,

fig. 11e (&-Genitalien), t. 7 fig. 32 (Vorderflügel); Swatschek, 1958: 141 (Larvalmorpholo-

gie); Hannemann, 1961: 129, fig. 253 (4 -Genitalien), t. 13 fig. 21 (Falter). — Ganz Europa.

ssp. saerdabana ssp. nova

saerdabana Obraztsov, diese Arbeit: Taf. 10 Fig. 1—4, Taf. 11 Fig. 4 (Falter, 4 9-Genitalien).

— Nordpersien; ?Armenien.

E. (P.) mirificana (Peyer.)*

mirificana Peyerimhoff, 1876, Ann. Soc. Ent. France (5) 6: 590, t. 12 fig. 18 (Grapholitha). —

Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 113, No. 2023; Kennel, 1916: 508, t. 19 fig. 78 (9); Hannemann,

1961: 129 nota, 220 fig. (4 -Genitalien), t. 22 fig. 2 (Falter). — Schweiz; Französische Alpen.

E. (P.) tetraplana (Möschl.) comb. nova *

tetraplana Möschler, 1866, Berl. Ent. Zschr. 10: 148 (Grapholitha). — Staudinger & Rebel,

1901: 114, No. 2045; Kennel, 1916: 509, t. 19 fig. 74 (4); diese Arbeit: Taf. 11 Fig. 5

(4 -Genitalien). — Ostrußland; Armenien; Syrien.

E. (P.) paetulana (Kenn.) comb. nova

paetulana Kennel, 1900, Iris 13: 145, t. fig. 20 (Semasia). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 262,

No. 2043bis; Kennel, 1916: 509, t. 19 fig. 75 (2). — Südural; ?Kleinasien.

E. (P.) esmodes Meyr.

esmodes Meyrick, 1937, Exot. Micr. 5: 99 (Eucosma). — Amsel, 1943: 312, t. 8 fig. 52

( 4-Genitalien); Wiltshire, 1957: 141, t. 13 fig. 52 (&-Genitalien). — Irak.

Species incertae sedis

E. (P.) affectana (Kenn.) comb. nova

affectana Kennel, 1901, Iris 13 (1900): 267 (Semasia). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 262,

No. 2030bis; Kennel, 1916: 511, t. 19 fig. 80 (2). — Transkaukasien.

E. (P.) albicostella (Trti. & Krüg.) comb. nova

albicostella Turati & Kriiger, 1936, Mem. Soc. Ent. Ital. 15: 75, t. 11 fig. 25 (Semasia). —

Kyrenaika.

E. (P.) astragalana (Stgr.) comb. nova

astragalana Staudinger, 1871, Berlin. Ent. Zschr. 14 (1870): 282 (Grapholitha). — Staudinger

& Rebel, 1901: 114, No. 2029; Kennel, 1916: 513, t. 19 fig. 83 (Falter). — Ostrufland.

E. (P.) bactrana (Kenn.) comb. nova

bactrana Kennel, 1901, Iris 13 (1900): 269 (Semasia). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 262, No.

2929ter; Kennel, 1916: 514, t. 20 fig. 1 (4). — Südspanien; Nordwestafrika; Iran; ?Ferghana.

E. (P.) demissana (Kenn.) comb. nova

demissana Kennel, 1901, Iris 13 (1900): 268 (Semasia). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 262,

No. 2029bis; Kennel, 1916: 513, t. 19 fig. 84 (4). — Andalusien.

18 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968 (244)

E. (P.) directa Meyr.

directa Meyrick, 1912, Exot. Micr. 1 34 (Ewcosma). — Taurus.

E. (P.) ephedrana (Chr.) comb. nova

ephedrana Christoph, 1877, Horae Soc. Ent. Ross. 12 (1876): 291, t. 8 fig. 64 (Grapholitha).

— Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 114, No. 2030; Kennel, 1916: 512, t. 19 fig. 82 (3). —

Palästina; Hyrkanien; Westturkestan (Kopet-Dagh).

E. (P.) giarabubensis (Trti.) comb. nova

giarabubensis Turati, 1930, Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat. 69: 76, t. 2 fig. 2. Vertikalreihe, unten

(Semasia). — Kyrenaika.

E. (P.) infirmana (Kenn.) comb. nova

infirmana Kennel, 1900, Iris 13: 153, t. fig. 29 (Semasia). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 262,

No. 2030ter; Kennel, 1916: 512, t. 19 fig. 81 (2). — Zentralasien (Aschabad).

E. (P.) luciana (Chret.)

luciana Chrétien, 1908, Le Nat. 30: 245 (Epiblema). — Razowski, 1961: 677, t. 93 fig. 27

(2 -Genitalien). — Südfrankreich.

E. (P.) lyrana (Snell.) comb. nova

lyrana Snellen, 1883, Tijdschr. v. Ent. 26: 208, t. 12 fig. 7, 7a (Falter, Kopf) (Grapholitha,

Semasia). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 115, No. 2054; Kennel, 1916: 528, t. 20 fig. 33 (&).

— Irkutsk; Amur.

E. (P.) polyxena Meyr.

polyxena Meyrick, 1937, Iris 51: 179 (Ewcosma). — Yünnan.

E. (P.) resupinatana (Kenn.) comb. nova

resupinatana Kennel, 1901, Iris 13 (1900): 270 (Semasia). — Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 262,

No. 1997bis; Kennel, 1916: 516, t. 20 fig. 5 (4). — Schweiz (Wallis).

E. (P.) teliferana (Chr.) comb. nova

teliferana Christoph, 1881, Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou 56 (3): 415 (Grapholitha). —

Staudinger & Rebel, 1901: 114, No. 2025; Kennel, 1916: 528, t. 20 fig. 32 (4). — Südussuri.

E. (P.) verecundana (Car.) comb. nova

verecundana Caradja, 1916, Iris 30: 63 (Semasia). — Alai-Gebirge.

Appendix

Hemimene marmarocyma Meyrick, 4, Tien-Mu-Shan, 5300’, June 1932 (Höne),

Prip. No. 6681 (BM) ist abgebildet auf Taf. 10 Fig. 1, 4, Taf. 11 Fig. 2, diese Arbeit.

Kommentar zum Katalog der Ewcosma-Arten

1. Eucosma (Eucosma) conformana (Mn.). — Typen der conformana: Lectotypus, Männchen

(Genitalpräparat No. V. 38), „Type 1872 z.b.G.” (keine genaueren Angaben); Lectoparatypus,

Männchen, Ragusa, Dalmatien, 1868 (Mann); beide im Wiener Naturhistorischen Museum. Typen

der significantana Kenn.: Lectotypus, Mannchen (Genitalpräparat No. B. 33), Mazedonien (Kr.);

Lectoallotypus, Weibchen (Genitalpräparat No. B. 34), Beirut, Syrien (CR.); beide im Z.M.B.

2. E. (E.) gypsatana (Kenn.). — Holotypus, Männchen (Genitalpräparat No. 5730), Akschehir,

Anatolien, 1900 (Caradja, No. 2011; Walsingham, No. 71784); B.M.

(245) N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae 19

3. E. (E.) albarracina Hartig. — Blieb mir unbekannt. Nach der Angabe des aufstellenden Autors

gehört diese Art zur fulvana-expallidana-Gruppe und unterscheidet sich von diesen Arten durch die

goldgelben Vorderflügel, einen hellen länglichen Fleck nach dem Costalumschlag und einen aus

hellen und dunklen Schuppen gebildeten Fleck vor und unterhalb der Mitte der Mittelzelle des

Vorderflügels. Das die Originalbeschreibung begleitende Photo stellt zweifellos eine Eucosma-Art

dar, welche einen deutlichen Vorderflügelcostalumschlag hat und eher erinnert an albidulana oder

albuneana, aber anscheinend mit keiner von diesen identisch ist.

4. E. (E.) rigidana (Snell.). — Lectotypus, Mannchen (Genitalpriparat No. 2638), Insel Askold,

1878 (D.; v. Hed.); M.L. Kennel (1916) hatte ein Weibchen und er stellte rigidana irrtümlicher-

weise in die Gattung Semasia.

5. E. (E.) monstratana (Rbl.). — Lectotypus, Männchen (Genitalpräparat No. 2048), Schanfigg

bei Chur, 1600 m, 16.VII.1903 (Stange; der Falter und seine Genitalien wurden von Hannemann,

1961, abgebildet); Lectoallotypus, Weibchen (Genitalpriparat No. V. 28), gleiche Zettelangaben;

Wiener Naturhistorisches Museum.

6. E. (E.) balatonana (Osth.). — Als “var.” balatonana beschrieb Osthelder (1937) kleinere

Exemplare einer Art aus Ungarn, die er mit expallidana konspezifisch zu sein vermutete. In seiner

Sammlung (jetzt in der Z.S.M.) befinden sich mehrere Exemplare der balatonana, aber von einem

besonderen Interesse sind jene zwei Männchen, die Osthelder als Typen bezeichnete. Eines von

diesen, als ‘“Holotyp” bezettelt, stammt aus Puszta Peszér (12.VII.1929, L. Osthelder; Genital-

präparat No. 3-Obr. 8/8 58) und kann nur als ein Pseudotypus betrachtet werden, da Osthelder in

der Originalpublikation alle Exemplare aus dieser Lokalität der namenstypischen expallidana-Form

zuzog. Nur die Exemplare aus Vörs (Komitat Somogy) behandelte er als balatonana. Deshalb

bezeichne ich das zweite der beiden erwähnten Männchen als Lectotypus der balatonana, obwohl es

von Osthelder als eine “Cotype’” bezettelt wurde. Der Fundortzettel dieses Exemplares lautet:

“Hungaria, Vörs, Com. Somogy, 15.—30.VII.1932, E. Pfeiffer’ (Genitalpräparat No. M. 1053);

die Vorderflügellänge ist 6,5 mm.

Wie eine Genitaluntersuchung zeigt, ist dieser Lectotypus mit Ewcosma danicana Schantz kon-

spezifisch. Im Einklang mit dem neuen International Code (1961, 1964: Artikel 15 und 45e) hat

der Name balatonana eine Priorität vor danicana, obwohl er für die Bezeichnung einer Variation

vorgeschlagen wurde. Dementsprechend muß danicana als ein jüngeres Synonym von balatonana

zurücktreten. Der obenerwähnte Pseudotypus gehört zu Pelochrista (Pseudeucosma) modicana (Z.).

Weitere aus der Sammlung Osthelder stammende, als balatonana bestimmte und mit danicana artlich

zusammengehörige Exemplare (alle Männchen) sind: 1. Lochhauer Sandberg, Oberbayern, 19.VII.-

1938, am Licht (F. Daniel) (Genitalpräparat No. M. 1050); 2. Nyieb tor, Bator-Gebirge, West-

ungarn, 9.VIII.1934 (F. Daniel) (Genitalpräparat No. M. 1051); 3. Vörs, Komitat Somogy, Ungarn,

9.V11.1931 (L. Osthelder). Zwei Männchen, die auch als balatonana bestimmt wurden, gehören zu

Eucosma (Eucosma) fulvana (Stph.): Lochhauer Sandberg, Oberbayern, 3.VIII.1938, am Licht

(F. Daniel) (Genitalpräparate No. M. 1049 und No. 877-Forster). Die sämtlichen Exemplare haben

folgendes gemeinsam: alle sind nicht ganz frisch und gehören zu den Zwergen (Vorderflügellänge:

5—6,5 mm).

7. E. (E.) expallidana (Hw.). — Die von Osthelder (1937) als eine Form dieser Art beschrie-

bene balatonana hat mit expallidana nichts zu tun und stellt eine andere, oben näher besprochene

Art dar.

8. E. (E.) flavispecula Kuzn. — Kuznetzov (1964) verglich diese Art mit scorzonerana, aber

m.E. steht sie eher der fu/vana näher und ist vielleicht ihre geographische Unterart. Aus dem Wiener

Naturhistorischen Museum hatte ich folgende Exemplare, die ich als flavispecula identifiziere, zur

Ansicht; ein Männchen aus Hansag, Burgenland, Österreich, 16.VII.1955 (F. Kasy); ein Männchen

(Genitalpräparat No. 1344), Einrub, 25.VII.1921; ein Männchen von den Zitzmannsdorfer Wiesen,

südlich von Weiden am See, Nordburgenland, 24.VI.1961 (F. Kasy); ein Männchen (Genitalpräparat

No. 1372), Krs Balaton bei Vörs, Ungarn, 21.—29.V1.1936 (J. Klimesch); ein Weibchen (Genital-

präparat No. 1379), Bozen, Südtirol, 24.VII.1913 (H. Zerny). Im A.MN.H. befindet sich noch

ein weiteres Männchen (Genitalpräparat No. 758-Obr.), Illmitz, Burgenland, 11.VII.1954 (H. Reis-

ser). Ähnliche Stücke sah ich auch aus der Südukraine (Nikolaew, Berdiansk).

20 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968 (246)

9. E. (E.) individiosana (Kenn.). — Holotypus, Männchen (Genitalpräparat No. B. 44), Lam-

bèze, Algerien; Z.M.B. Die Abbildung dieses Exemplares bei Kennel (1921: t. 21 fig. 23) ist

dunkler als das Original, das an Färbung anscheinend etwas eingebüßt hat. Die schwarzen Pünktchen

der Spiegelstelle sind beim Holotypus auf den beiden Vorderflügeln etwas asymmetrisch geordnet

und die Kennelsche Figur gibt deren Anordnung am linken Vorderfliigel wieder. Auf dem rechten

Vorderfliigel stehen zwei von diesen Pünktchen in der Länge, nicht vertikal wie auf dem linken.

. 10. E. (E.) victoriana (Kenn.). — Lectotypus, Männchen (Genitalpriparat No. B. 27), Sajan;

Lectoallotypus, Weibchen (ohne Hinterleib), Sajan; beide im Z.M.B. Das Männchen ist etwas be-

schidigt, aber die meisten Zeichnungselemente der Vorderfliigel sind gut erkennbar. Dieses unter-

scheidet sich stark vom einzig bekannten Weibchen (Lectoallotypus) und die von Kennel (1919)

veröffentlichte Abbildung des Männchens scheint nach einem anderen Exemplar angefertigt zu sein.

Das Männchen gehört zweifellos zur Gattung Eucosma; das Weibchen, dessen Genitalien fehlen,

macht für diese Gattung einen etwas fremden Eindruck und erinnert eher an eine Epiblema-Att.

(247)

N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae 21

GESAMTREGISTER

„DIE GATTUNGEN DER PALAEARKTISCHEN TORTRICIDAE” 1954-1968

zusammengestellt

von

B. J. LEMPKE

Amsterdam

Index der Familien, Gattungen und Untergattungen, mit deren Synonymen *)

Ablabia 98: 159, 172, 173; 99: 120; 100: 325;

MOA: 2375. 111 3

Acalla 98: 187, 189; 100: 333, 335

Acleris 97: 192, 206, 223; 98: 162, 179, 180,

[187, 189, 190, 193, 194; 99: 128;

(0023272336; 104:723257233, 234

Acroclita 102: 176; 107: 4, 5

Adoxophyes 97: 158, 160, 162, 164, 196, 198,

[199, 201, 203; 98: 219; 100: 317, 335,

[336; 104: 234

Aenectra 98: 195

Affa 111: 3

Agapeta 97: 189, 193, 199, 229; 98: 179, 187;

[107: 17

Alceris 98: 190

Aleimma 98: 179, 180, 182, 187, 190; 99: 125;

[100: 336; 104: 236

Allohermenias 107: 4; 110: 32, 33

Amelia 97: 189, 192, 193, 222; 98: 189

Amphisa 97: 219, 222, 227; 100: 335

Amphysa 97: 171, 219, 222; 98: 195

Anatropia 97: 225

Anchylopera 111: 1

Ancylis 104: 64; 107: 3, 4; 111: 3

Anisigona 97: 179

Anisotaenia 98: 152, 155, 159; 100: 334, 335

Anoplocnephasia 98: 159, 162

Anthichlidas 107: 3

Anticlea 102: 175; 111: 3

Antithesia 111: 3

Aphania 98: 189

Aphelia 97: 157, 160, 162, 163, 182, 185, 189,

[191, 192, 193, 195; 98: 172, 181, 210;

[100: 312, 336; 104: 236; 111: 1

Arathrophora 104: 64, 65

Archips 97: 159, 161, 163, 164, 166, 171,

172001758 176%. 178% 179) 1820183:

[189, 193, 198, 199, 207, 209, 211,

12147219793:21555 17271815, 189195;

[203; 100: 309, 310, 335; 104: 234, 235

Archipsini 97: 150; 98: 200

Arctephora 97: 149

Argrotoxa 98: 190

Argyrolepia 97: 168, 229; 98: 159, 185; 107: 6

Argyroploce 102: 176; 104: 65; 110: 32—34

Argyroptera 98: 172

Argyrotaenia 97: 152, 158, 160, 163, 168, 169,

[171; 98: 148; 100: 309, 336; 104: 236

Argyrotosa 97: 193, 229; 98: 185, 187

Argyrotoxa 97: 168, 229; 98: 184, 185, 187,

[189, 190; 100: 335

Argyrotoza 97: 211, 229, 231; 98: 181, 185,

[187, 190; 103: 111; 104: 56

Ariola 97: 199

Articolla 110: 31

Artiphanes 110: 31 Fußnote

Aspidia 108: 366

Asp1la®1102:176%.203;7103 2211152127

Aspis 108: 366

Astatia 97: 224

Asthenia 97: 214; 102: 176, 200; 103: 112

Asthenoptycha 97: 225

Atteria 97: 151, 154

Bactra 98: 190; 101: 233; 107: 28; 111: 3

Balbis 101: 236, 237

Barbara 107: 3, 11, 33, 39, 40, 41, 44

Bardia 108: 371

Batodes 97: 158, 161, 162, 163, 164, 198, 209,

1224225227: 098 (226; 1002 319)

[335, 336; 104: 234

Begunna 98:195

Blastesthia 107: 3, 11, 36, 37, 38, 44, 47;

[108: 371

Botropteryx 107: 17

Brachycnephasia 98: 162

Cacaecimorpha [Druckfehler!} 100: 312

Cacochroa 108: 366

Cacochroea 108: 366, 370, 371, 372, 375, 381

Gacoecia 97.1687 17415 1722 175717795 180;

[182, 183, 185, 186, 193, 198, 199,

[201, 214, 224; 100: 334, 335

*) Die fett gedruckten Zahlen geben die Seiten an, wo die betreffenden Namen behandelt werden.

Vor den für die Wissenschaft neuen Namen steht ein *.

22 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968

Cacoecimorpha 97: 159, 162, 163, 176, 180,

[182, 224; 98: 209: 100: 335, 336;

[104: 236

Callimosema 110: 66

Calosetia 111: 3

Capua 97: 159, 161, 162, 164, 174, 175, 180,

MOR, DOS, 21102144 216) 2240225:

[98: 195, 224; 100: 248, 249, 250

[318; 104: 234

Carpocampa 102: 176, 182

Carpocapsa 102: 175, 181, 203; 103: 111, 137,

[139; 104: 56, 61, 64; 107: 29;

[108: 366; 111: 3

Catamacta 97: 157, 158, 161, 162, 163, 174,

[ 206; 98: 203; 100: 310, 335, 336

Catoptria 98: 159; 102: 176, 203; 103: 134,

[137; 104: 56; 107: 17; 110: 66; 111: 3

Cerace 97: 152, 154, 155; 98: 199; 100: 334,

[336

Ceraceopsis 97: 154

Cerasini 97: 150; 98: 198

Cerata 102: 176

Cheimaphasia 98: 167

Cheimatophila 98: 166, 173; 100: 336

Cheimonophila 98: 167

Choristoneura 97: 152, 158, 159, 162, 163,

[171, 172, 182, 185, 186; 98: 202;

[100: 310, 311, 335, 336; 104: 234,

[235, 236, 237

Chresmarcha 97: 158

Chrosis 98: 185; 100: 334, 336

Cirriphora 101: 237; 104: 59, 60, 63, 68, 69,

[70, 239

Clavigesta 107: 3, 11, 45, 46, 47; 111: 5

Clepsis 97: 151, 157, 158, 159, 160, 162, 163,

164, 182) 195) 193, 195, 196, 201, 206,

[211, 214, 223; 98: 213; 100: 314, 335,

[336; 104: 234, 235, 236, 237

Cnephasia 97: 168, 183, 193, 207, 209, 220,

[227; 98: 149, 150, 151, 155, 156,

[158, 159, 161, 162, 163, 164, 169,

170, 172, 17306175) 176, 177, 178,

[190; 99: 109; 100: 320, 334, 335, 336;

1104: 237 107: 75429136

Cnephasiella 98: 148, 149, 151, 161, 162, 163;

[99: 117; 100: 324, 336; 104: 237

Cnephasiini 97: 150; 98: 147; 99: 107

Coccyx 97: 186, 201; 98: 175; 101: 238;

[102: 175, 200, 203; 103: 111; 107: 6,

[11, 29, 36; 111: 3

Cochylis 97: 189, 229; 107: 17; 110: 66;

[111: 3

Collicularia 101: 237; 103: 134, 135, 136;

[104: 68, 69, 238

Commophila 97: 229; 103: 111

Conchylis 98: 156; 111: 3

Coptoloma 102: 176, 203

Cornicacoecia 97: 152, 159, 162, 163, 171,

7232708: 203; 100: 335; 104: 235

Corticivora 104: 63

Crambus 111: 3

Crobilophora 102: 176

Crobylophora 102: 176, 183

Crocidosema 101: 233; 107: 3, 4, 5

(248)

Croesia 97: 229, 231; 98: 179, 187, 189, 190;

[99: 127; 100: 327, 335, 336; 104: 234,

[236

Crucimetra 107: 4

Cryptophlebia 101: 238; 104: 64, 65, 66, 67,

168, 70

Cydia 101: 238; 102: 175, 200, 203; 103: 112,

[140; 111: 1, 3

Diamphidia 101: 236, 237; 104: 51, 52, 67, 69,

[70, 239

Dichelia 97: 171, 180, 185, 193, 198, 205, 211,

[220, 227; 98: 195

Dichrorampa 102: 176

Dichrorampha 101: 236, 237, 238, 239, 241,

[242, 243, 244 (subgenus), 245 (sub-

[genus); 102: 203; 103: 134; 104: 67,

[69, 239; 107: 17; 110: 13—19

Dichroramphodes 101: 238, 242, 244, 254;

[104: 240

Dicrorampha 101: 238

Dictyopteryx 97: 193, 211; 98: 179

Diurnea 98: 165, 167

Ditula 97: 224

Djakonovia 97: 189, 192, 195; 98: 212;

[100: 314; 104: 236, 237

Dolophoca 98: 159, 162, 172; 100: 334, 335,

[336; 104: 237

Dolophora 98: 159, 162

Doloploca 98: 149, 150, 159, 169, 173, 175;

[99: 124; 100: 326

Drachmobola 101: 234

Eana 98: 149, 150, 151, 159, 161, 169, 170,

[172, 173; 99: 120, 121; 100: 325, 336;

[104: 237

Ecdytolopha 101: 238; 104: 66

Eclectis 98: 189

Enarmonia 101: 237, 238; 102: 175, 200, 203;

[103: 134, 137, 140; 104: 56, 61, 62,

1163, 64, 68, 169; 7238511072930;

[111: 3

Encelis 102: 175

Endopisa 101: 238; 102: 176, 203; 103: 112

Endopsia 102: 176

Endothenia 110: 32, 34

Endotritis 97: 160, 163

Enoditis 97: 213, 220, 222; 98: 225; 100: 335,

[336; 104: 234

Enyphantes 98: 167

Epagoge 97: 159, 160, 162, 164, 171, 180, 189,

[193, 205, 206, 209, 211, 213, 214, 216,

[220; 98: 195, 223; 100: 318, 334, 336;

[104: 234

Ephippiphora 98: 152; 101: 238; 102: 175,

{203; 103: 111, 127, 140; 108: 366:

[110: 14

Epibactra 107: 4, 20, 27, 28, 29

Epiblema 102: 203; 103: 111, 136; 108: 365,

1366, 367, 369, 370, 371, 372, 373.

{374 375, 3772 A0 CES

Epichorista 97: 189

Epigraphia 98: 173

Epinotia 102: 175, 203; 103: 111; 104: 232;

[107: 3, 4, 11; 108: 366, 385; 111: 3

Episimus 101: 232, 233

(249)

Ergasia 97: 216; 98: 179, 180, 182, 184, 185;

[99: 126; 100: 326, 335, 336; 104: 236

Ericia 97: 179

Ericiana 97: 180

Eriopsela 108: 366

Erminia 102: 175

Ernarmonia 102: 175, 200, 203; 103: 134, 140;

LOL ESC ACL NCA 111 1

Eucelis 102: 175; 103: 131, 140; 110: 31, 32, 33

Euchromia 107: 36; 108: 366

Eucosma 102: 176; 103: 112, 131; 104: 56;

[107: 3, 17, 24, 29; 108: 365, 366,

13704 3719:3734374:5110% 24% 315032!

[33, 34, 66; 111: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

Eucosmini 101: 234; 107: 2

Eucosmoides 111: 3

Eucosmomorpha 101: 232, 237; 103: 133;

[104: 53, 55, 56, 57, 67, 68, 69, 70,

[238

Eudemis 97: 168; 98: 152, 155, 159, 169;

[102: 200; 103: 111

Euledereria 98: 149, 150, 169, 175; 99: 124;

[100: 336; 104: 237

Eulederia 98: 175; 101: 233

Eulia 97: 168, 189, 193, 201, 204, 207, 209,

{220; 98: 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 156,

[157, 158, 169, 177, 184; 99: 109;

[100: 334, 336; 104: 236

Eupoecilia 111: 1

Eurydoxa 97: 154, 155; 98: 199 (subgenus)

Euryptychia 108: 366

Euspila 102: 203, 207, 211; 110: 24—25,

[238, 239

Eutrachia 97: 193; 98: 159, 165, 167, 172,

[173, 187, 189

Evertia 107: 7

Evetria 107: 6, 10, 11, 29, 33, 36, 39, 44, 45

Exapate 98: 149, 150, 151, 167, 169, 170;

[99: 119; 100: 325, 334, 335, 336;

[104: 238

Exentera 111: 3

Exenterella 111: 3

Foveifera 107: 3, 11, 20

Glyphiptera 97: 193; 98: 190

Glyphipteryx 100: 318

Glyphisia 98: 190

Gnorismoneura 97: 158, 159, 160, 162, 164,

[216, 228; 98: 227

Godana 97: 179

Goditha 101: 236

Grapholia 110: 66

Grapholita 101: 238; 102: 176, 182, 203;

O3 ie 1362) 1047 56111: 15 3

Grapholitha 98: 169; 101: 236, 238; 102: 175,

[183, 200, 203—215, 207 (subgenus);

103: 111, 1140125 012750129) 133,

[134, 137, 140; 104: 53, 56, 59, 61,

{63, 68, 69, 70, 238, 239; 107: 7, 17,

[24, 27; 108: 366; 110: 18, 20, 21—26,

[29, 66; 111: 3

Gravitarmata 107: 3, 11, 42, 43, 44

Gretchena 107: 3, 4

Griselda 107: 3, 4, 5

Gwendolina 101: 233; 107: 3, 4, 5

N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae 23

Gynoxypteron 98: 164, 165

Gypsonomoides 107: 3

Halonota 101: 238; 103: 112; 108: 366

Harmologa 97: 171, 172

Hastula 97: 160, 162, 164, 213, 220, 225, 227;

[98: 226; 100: 319, 336; 104: 234, 237

Hedulia 101: 235

Hedya 108: 366

Hememe 101: 238

Hemene 101: 238

Hemerosia 102: 176; 103: 112

Hemimene 101: 238; 102: 175, 200, 203;

[103: 111, 114; 110: 14, 15, 16, 17, 18;

[111: 18

Hendecaneura 107: 3, 20

Hermenias 107: 4

Herpystis 107: 3, 4

Heterognomon 97: 182, 189, 193, 204, 227,

[229; 98: 181, 184, 185, 187, 190

Heusimene 101: 238; 102: 175, 203; 103: 37,

[111

Homona 97: 157, 159, 161, 162, 163, 176, 179,

[180, 182, 213, 218; 98: 208; 100: 312,

[335, 336; 104: 234

Hypostephanuncia 98: 172

Hysterosia 98: 187

Ioplocama 111: 3

Isotrias 97: 231; 98: 148, 150, 151, 154, 155,

1156:2.99381075. 1005319953357 339:

1104: 238

Kenneliola 102: 176, 183

Kundria 107: 4, 5

Lasperesia 102: 176; 104: 239

Laspeyresia 101: 233, 236, 238; 102: 175—200,

[200, 203103: 112 014001201211

[133, 134, 140, 143; 104: 56, 61, 68,

[69, 70, 238, 239; 110: 20, 21, 29, 30,

32933236

Laspeyresiini 101: 234, 235; 104: 238; 110: 13

Laspeyria 102: 183

Lathronympha 100: 309; 101: 237; 103: 131,

[136, 137, 138, 139; 104: 68, 69, 238;

[110: 29, 30, 31

Leguminivora 103: 129, 130, 131; 104: 68, 69;

[110: 29, 30, 31

Lemmatophila 98: 165, 167, 173

Leontochroma 97: 157, 158, 161, 163, 164,

[216, 218, 227; 98: 225; 100: 334, 336

Leptogramma 98: 190

Lespeyresia 102: 176

Lipoptycha 101: 238, 242, 243, 245, 246, 252;

[104: 240; 110: 13, 14, 16, 17

Lipoptychodes 101: 238

Lithographia 102: 176; 111: 3

Lithosia 98: 167

Lobesia 98: 155; 101: 233; 102: 176; 104: 63

Lopas 98: 189

Lophoderus 97: 168, 189, 201, 204, 209;

[98: 156, 157, 177

Loxotaenia 97: 168, 171, 175, 182, 183, 185,

[193, 204, 211, 222

Lozotaenia 97: 160, 162, 163, 164, 166, 171,

75 01820183 0185 189719359203;

[204, 205; 98: 169, 184) 1874195, 221;

[100: 317, 336; 101: 234; 104: 236

24 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968

*Lozotaeniodes 97: 151, 158, 159, 160, 162,

[164, 201, 203; 98: 221; 100: 336;

[104: 236

Mastumuraeses 110: 31 (Druckfehler!)

Matsumuraeses 102: 183; 103: 131, 132, 133;

[104: 67, 68; 110: 31—34

Melanalopha 101: 236

Melanalophinae 97: 149

Meritastis 97: 160, 162, 164, 186, 188, 189,

[191, 231; 98: 210; 100: 335, 336

Metasphaeroeca 103: 112

Neoclyptis 97: 206

Neohermenias 10: 32, nota

Neosphaleroptera 98: 148, 150, 161, 169, 170;

[99: 119; 100: 336; 104: 236, 237

Nephodesme 97: 207, 214; 98: 159, 169, 170,

[172; 98: 190

Nikolaia 97: 149

Norma 107: 4, 5

Notocelia 102: 176; 108: 366, 368, nota, 369,

[1371003721573 375,381: 111: 3

Oenectra 98: 195

Oenophthira 98: 195; 100: 336

Ofatulena 101: 237

Olethreutes 97: 168, 171, 175, 183,

19837152, 157. 15952169; 0101:

[102: 175, 200, 203; 103: 111,

[104: 55, 61; 107: 7, 29, 36; 108:

[110: 32, 33, 34, 66; 111: 1

Olethreutinae 97: 149; 101: 229, 230, 231;

110222175; 1003-0110; 104105140233:

WOT OSG SN OGS MA

Olethreutini 101: 235

Olinda 98: 152; 104: 238

Olindia 98: 148, 150, 151, 152, 155; 99: 107;

{100: 319, 335, 336; 103: 124; 107: 11

Onectra 98: 195

Opadia 102: 203

Oporinia 98: 165

Oporopsamma 98: 172

Orchemia 102: 176

Orthotaenia 97: 168; 98: 152; 107: 6, 36

Oxapate 98: 167

Oxigrapha 98: 189, 190

Oxygrapha 98: 190

Oxypate 98: 167

Oxypteron 97: 220; 98: 149, 150, 151, 161,

[164, 165; 99: 117; 100: 334, 336;

[104: 237, 238

Paedisca 97: 168, 224; 102: 175; 103: 112,

[137; 108: 366; 110: 66; 111: 3

Palla 103: 111

Palpita 98: 172

Palpocrinia 98: 149, 150, 151, 163, 164;

199: 117... 118: 3, 511

Pamene 1025176; 103: 112! 125, 127; 10451,

[59; 110: 26

Pammene 101: 236; 102: 175; 103: 111, 113,

MiA 15% 116, 121508106 1127;

[104: 51, 59, 68, 69, 70, 238, 239;

[108: 366, 377; 110: 24, 26, 35, 36

Pandemia 97: 164, 175

Pandemis 97: 152, 158, 160, 161, 163, 164,

[165, 166, 168, 172, 174, 175, 179,

[182, 193, 198; 98: 200; 100: 309, 310,

DIA:

238;

136;

366;

(250)

[334, 335, 336; 104: 235, 237; 107: 3

Panoplia 97: 199

*Paraclepsis 97: 159, 160, 162, 164, 209, 213;

[98: 157, 223; 100: 318, 336; 104: 236

*Paralipoptycha 101: 241, 242, 244, 255;

{104: 240; 110: 13

Paramesia 97: 158, 161, 162, 164, 205, 206,

{211, 213; 98: 190, 222; 100: 318, 336

[104: 234

Parapammene 103: 114, 125, 126, 143; 104:

[68, 69, 239; 110: 35, 36

*Parapandemis 97: 152, 158, 160, 161, 163,

[166; 98: 202; 100: 309, 336; 104: 235

*Parasyndemis 97: 159, 161, 163, 176, 185,

[186; 98: 209; 100: 335, 336; 104: 235

Pardia 108: 366, 373

Pelochrista 108: 365, 370, 373, 374; 110: 66,

ORE M9

Pentacitrotus 97: 152; 98: 198; 100: 336

Penthina 98: 152, 156; 102: 175, 176; 111: 1

Peridaedala 107: 4

Peronea 97: 192, 206; 98: 189, 193, 194;

00: 535360

Petrova 107: 11, 29, 30, 32, 33, 36, 38, 44;

[108: 371

Phalaena 97: 164, 175, 189, 193, 199, 205,

[209, 211, 219, 222, 229; 98: 155, 157,

[158, 165, 167, 170, 181, 185, 187,

[189, 194; 101: 238; 102: 175, 200,

203;103: 111,7 136: 1047556;

[107: 7, 29, 36; 110: 13; 111: 1

Phanerophlebia 104: 66

Phaneta 111: 3, 6, 11

Philalcea 103: 111; 111: 3

Philedone 97: 159, 160, 161, 164, 193, 209,

[214, 218, 219, 222, 223, 224, 227;

[98: 225; 100: 334, 336; 104: 234

Philedonides 97: 161, 163, 164, 214, 222, 223;

[98: 225; 100: 319, 336; 104: 234

Phloiophila 98: 190

Phoxopteris 111: 3

Phtheochroa 111: 3

Phthoroblastis 101: 238; 102: 176; 103: 112,

[127; 110: 26

Phylacophora 98: 190

Platypeplus 104: 65

Poecilochroma 111: 3

Poedisca 98: 159

Pogonozada 104: 65

Polyortha 98: 194

Propira 98: 157

*Propiromorpha 97: 231; 98: 148, 149, 151,

[152, 156, 157; 99: 108; 100: 336;

104: 236

Proteopteryx 111: 3

Proteoteras 107: 3, 4

Psammozesta 98: 164, 165

Pseudamelia 97: 195, 196; 98: 213; 100: 315;

[104: 236, 237

Pseudargyrotoza 97: 159, 160, 161, 164, 228,

[231; 98: 189, 227; 100: 319, 335, 336;

[104: 236

Pseudatteria 97: 151

Pseudeucosma 110: 66, 72, 76; 111: 19

(251)

*Pseudeulia 97: 151, 159, 161, 163, 164, 207,

[209, 213; 98: 222; 100: 336; 104: 236

Pseudexentera 107: 4

Pseudococcyx 107: 4, 11, 33, 34, 35, 36, 38, 44

Pseudogalleria 104: 65, 66

Pseudoips 97: 164

*Pseudophiaria 104: 54, 55

*Pseudophiaris 101: 232, 237; 103: 133;

[104: 53, 54, 55, 58, 67, 69

Pseudotomia 101: 238; 102: 175, 200, 203;

F103 DI 1101270136

Pseudotomoides 102: 183, 200, 202; 104: 67,

[238

Ptycholoma 97: 158, 159, 162, 164, 186, 193,

[199, 201, 203, 214; 98: 157, 220;

(1005) 31574 8335001011 #234; 0104-0235

*Ptycholomoides 97: 159, 161, 164, 185, 186;

[98: 209; 100: 335; 104: 235

Pygolopha 98: 156; 111: 3, 4, 5, 11

Pyralis 97: 164, 175, 189 ,193, 199, 204, 205,

[209, 211, 219, 228; 98: 155, 172, 173,

[179, 181, 187, 189, 195; 101: 238;

1510254175%.203;,,103:4111., 127,136;

1104: 61; 107: 7, 29; 108: 366; 111: 1

Pyrodes 103: 112

Pyrsarcha 97: 160, 162, 164, :216,,. 223, 224;

[98: 226

Retinia 107: 7, 10, 11, 29, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45,

[201

Rhacodia 98: 187, 189, 190, 193

Rhocodia 98: 190

Rhopobota 107: 3, 4, 5

Rhyacionia 98: 152, 157, 190; 103: 134; 107: 3,

(ARION TO 11, 202952 326;

1447452111273, 5

Ricula 101: 237

Satronia 101: 235, 236

Sciaphila 97: 168, 171, 183, 185, 193, 206,

[207, 209, 214, 227; 98: 155, 159, 162,

15163%..164, 169) 172 175, 17775 1905

[107: 7; 108: 366; 110: 66

Scinipher 98: 167

Sciniphes 98: 167

Selania 101: 2372 (238% 102: 1776, 185, 203;

[103: 139, 141, 143; 104: 68, 69, 70,

[238

Semasia 101: 238; 102: 175, 203; 103: 111,

[127, 131, 134, 136, 140; 104: 56, 61;

110723722 2437 110:726% 31-34, 766;

RUES

Sereda 101: 237

Sericoris 97: 168, 171, 201; 101: 238; 107: 136;

[108: 366; 110: 13

Siclobola 97: 157, 185, 193, 196, 198;

[98: 214; 100: 315; 104: 235, 236, 237

Sonia 107: 4; 108: 373

Sparganothinae 97: 149; 98: 194; 99: 154;

[100: 309; 101: 230; 104: 232

Sparganothis 97: 193, 222; 98: 180, 189, 194,

[195, 196; 99: 154; 100: 333, 334,

[336; 104: 234

Sparganothris 98: 195

Sparganythis 98: 195

Spatalistis 97: 216; 98: 179, 185, 187, 189;

[99: 127; 100: 335, 336; 104: 236

N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae 25

Sphaeroeca 103: 112

Sphaleroptera 98: 159, 162, 175; 100: 334, 336

Spilonota 102: 175; 103: 111; 107: 3, 45;

[108: 366

Steganoptycha 98: 159; 102: 203; 103: 112;

[111: 3

Stictea 97: 193; 101: 238; 102: 200

Stigmonota 102: 176, 203; 103: 112, 127, 140

Strepsicrates 107: 3, 4

Strophedra 101: 236; 103: 114, 126, 127, 128;

[104: 53, 68, 69, 239

Strophosoma 103: 112, 127

Subepiblema 107: 34, 35

Suleima 107: 4

Syndemis 97: 159, 162, 163, 171, 176, 183,

[185, 205; 98: 155, 159, 163, 172, 209;

{100: 312, 335, 336; 101: 234; 104: 235

Synochoneura 97: 220, 227; 98: 148, 149, 150,

115152. 99:%.1073 1007 1336; 101-2255

Syricoris 97: 171; 98: 181; 107: 7

Talponia 101: 236

Teleia 98: 189

Teras 97: 175, 179; 98: 177, 187, 195; 104: 65;

HLTO-NCG MERS

Teratodes 97: 214

Thiodia 102: 176; 107: 3, 4, 17, 18, 20, 22,

{i26,927, 108:°365;) 110332533 "1015;

[4, 5

Thiodiodes 107: 3, 4, 20, 24, 25, 26, 27

Thirates 102: 175; 108: 366

Tia 101: 233

Tinea 101: 238; 102: 175, 200, 203; 103: 111;

1104755: 1072 29, 367 108: 360;

1110: 6: Ui

Tortricinae 97: 148, 150; 98: 198; 100: 309;

[101: 230; 104: 232

Tortricini 97: 148, 150; 98: 124; 99: 125

Tortricodes 97: 220; 98: 149, 150, 161, 164,

[165, 166, 173; 99: 118; 100: 334, 335,

[336; 101: 233; 104: 237

Tortrix 97: 164, 166, 168, 171, 172, 175, 179,

1F182, 18351857189, 193771987199,

[201, 204, 207, 209, 211, 214, 219,

12224. 224.227.229:798:2152, 155.156,

[157, 158, 159, 162, 163, 164, 165,

11692 1702 172217338175, 1277, 179,

[180, 181, 182, 184, 185, 187, 189,

(195: 99: 1125; 100:733473357 336;

[101: 238; 102: 175, 200, 203; LOS LI;

1127. 1363. 1047" 555 NC10236 "10787,

[17, 29, 36; 108: 366; 110: 20, 26, 66;

ante a

Trachysmia 98: 149.151. 1560, 1572169 91775,

[177, 178; 99: 124; 100: 336; 104: 236

Trycheris 102: 176

Xanthosetia 97: 189, 193; 98: 195

Zacoriscini 97: 150

Zeiraphera 98: 152, 169; 102: 175, 203;

[103.: 111; 107: 4

Zelotherses 97: 185, 189, 191, 192 (subgen.);

[98: 210; 100: 313, 334, 335, 336;

[101: 234; 104: 234, 235, 236, 237

Zomaria 101: 233

26 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968

(252)

Index der Arten, Unterarten, Varietiten, Aberrationen und deren Synonyme

abacana 111: 16

abascama 111: 16

abdallah 99: 109

abietana 98: 189, 190; 99: 118, 138, 149;

[100: 333; 104: 233

abietella 102: 192

abildgaardana 99: 135

abiscsana 99: 154

abiskoana 97: 220, 222; 99: 154; 100: 333;

[104: 234

abjectana (ab.) 99: 150; 104: 233

abrasana 99: 116, 117; 100: 322; 104: 237

absconditana 108: 380

absinthiana 111: 17

absynthiana 111: 17

accentana (f.) 108: 375, 384

acceptana 108: 380

accinctana 98: 223

acclivana 98: 216

acclivella 108: 375

accuminatana 101: 248

accuratana 98: 212; 100: 314; 104: 237

acerana 98: 206; 100: 309, 310

acervosana (ab.) 98: 222

achatana 108: 366, 383

acleris 97: 206

acuminatana 101: 248; 104: 240

adamana 99: 118

adenocarpi 102: 188, 198; 104: 238

adiunctana 98: 221

adjunctana 98: 221; 102: 192; 104: 238

adspersana 99: 131

adulterina 98: 157

adulterinana 99: 108; 104: 236

advena 97: 152, 154; 98: 195

adumbratana 98: 207

aemulana 111: 14, 15

aeneana 102: 188

aeneus 98: 198

aeologlypta 102: 192

aeratana (Dichrorampha) 101: 255, 256, 259,

[260, 261; 104: 240; 110: 14

aeratana (Pseudargyrotoza) 98: 228

aeriferana 97: 185, 186; 98: 209

aerosana 98: 214; 104: 237

aerugana (ab.) 99: 150, 151; 104: 233

aestivana 97: 179, 180

aetnana 98: 222; 100: 318

affectana 111: 17

affinisana 98: 224

affinatana 99: 134; 104: 234

afflicta 111: 9

agathana (f.) 99: 109

agenjoi 98: 214

agilana 101: 249, 254; 104: 240; 110: 19

agillana 101: 254

aglaoxantha 99: 127

aglossana 98: 212; 104: 237

agnatana 111: 7

agnotana 103: 117, 123

agraphana (ab.) 99: 128

agrestana 110: 69, 70, 71, 72, 75, 82

agricolana 99: 123; 100: 326

agrioma 99: 152

agyrana 103: 125

alaicana (Dichrorampha) 101: 251, 258;

[110: 17

alaicana (ssp.) (sedana) 99: 110; 100: 320,

[324; 104: 237

alatavica 110: 17

albana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 137

albana (f.) (nigromaculana) 111: 16

albana (ab.) (variegana) 99: 135

albarracina 111: 6, 19

albatana 99: 112; 100: 321

albersana 104: 55, 57, 58, 238

albicans (ab.) 99: 116

albicapitana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 143

albicapitana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 137

albicostana (ab.) (apiciana) 99: 148; 104: 234

albicostana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 143; 104: 232

albicostana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 137

albicostella 111: 17

albidana 98: 223

albidulana 111: 7, 19

albidulata 111: 7

albimacula 101: 254, 260

albimaculana (ab.) 99: 137

albionana 107: 13

albipunctana (ab.) 99: 143, 146; 104: 232

albiscapulana 99: 147, 233

albisecundella 102: 209

albisparsana (ab.) 99: 137

albistriana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 137, 138;

[104: 234

albistriana (ab.) (hippophaëana) 99: 142

albistrigana 99: 147

albociliana 97: 185, 189, 191, 192; 98: 212;

[104: 234

albodelineata (ab.) 99: 142

alboflavana 99: 143

albohamulana 108: 380

albomaculana (ab.) 99: 114

albonigrana 99: 143

alborufiscostana (ab.) 99: 144

albosparsana (ab.) 99: 113

albostriana (ab.) 99: 137

albovittana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 144; 104: 232

albovittana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 138

albrechtella 108: 375, 384

albuginana 103: 118, 123, 124, 125, 126;

[104: 239

albulana 99: 107, 108

albuncana 111: 6

albuneana 111: 6, 19

alcmaeonis 98: 206

alexiana 98: 218

alfredana 98: 203

algerana (ab.) 99: 115

alhamana 99: 116; 100: 324

alienana (ssp.) 102: 186

alniana 99: 119

alpestrana 101: 250, 251; 110: 18

(253)

alpestris (ab.) 99: 122

alpha (ab.) 98: 227

alpicola (ab.) 99: 120

alpicolana 98: 169, 175; 99: 120, 124; 104: 237

alpicolana (f.) (variegana) 99: 135

alpigenana 101: 252, 256, 258; 104: 240;

[110: 14, 16, 18, 19

alpinana 99: 132; 101: 245, 246, 254, 256;

[104: 240

alsaticana (f.) 108: 378

alstroemeriana 99: 119

altaica (ssp.?) 98: 210

alternana 99: 113

alternella 99: 113, 118; 100: 322, 323

alticolana 99: 112, 113, 114, 115; 104: 237

alticolana (ssp.?) (consortana) 101: 249

amandana 111: 11

amasiana (ssp.) 98: 223

ambrosiana 101: 246; 110: 15

ambustana 98: 209

amellana 111: 12

ameriana 98: 204, 205, 206

americana 98: 206

amerina 98: 206

amerinana 98: 204

amethystana 107: 44

amoenana 108: 382

amplana (Archips) 98: 211; 100: 313;

[104: 236

amplana (Laspeyresia) 102: 183; 190; 104: 239

amplidorsana 102: 185, 195

amseli 98: 212

amurensis (ssp.) 99: 130

amygdalana 102: 213; 103: 117, 118, 123, 143;

[104: 239

anatoliana 107: 21, 22, 23

anatolica 99: 114

ancillana 99: 109; 104: 236

andreana 99: 112; 100: 321

angulana 98: 214

angulatana 108: 379, 386

angustilineata 98: 224

angustiorana 97: 209, 224, 225, 227; 98: 226;

[104: 234

aniara 97: 199

anserana (f.) 111: 15

anthera 98: 195

anticipans 110: 29

antigona 98: 218

antiphila 99: 123; 100: 326

apenninicola 99: 113; 100: 321

apheliana 110: 76, 83, 84

aphorista 99: 152

apicalis 99: 127

apicatana 102: 192; 110: 25

apiciana 99: 147; 100: 332; 104: 233, 234

apiciana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 144

apiciana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 138, 139

apiciana (ab.) (hippophaëana) 99: 142

apicivitta (ab.) 99: 140

apiletica 98: 208

apocrypha 111: 16

appenicola 99: 113; 100: 321

appenninicola 99: 113

N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae 27

approximana 99: 132; 100: 327

apriliana 111: 3

aquana 108: 382

aquilana (ab.) 99: 138, 140, 141; 104: 233

aquilina (ab.) 99: 146

arabescana 110: 68, 80, 86, 87, 88

arabica 102: 178, 185; 110: 20

archimedes (ssp.) 98: 199

arcigera 102: 210

arcticana 100: 311; 104: 235

arcticana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 138

areolana 99: 107

argentana 98: 169, 172; 99: 120; 104: 237

argentana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 144

argentana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 138

argentana (ab.) (variegana) 99: 135

argenteostrigana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 144

argenteostrigana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 138

argentimicana (ab.) 103: 117, 123

argillaceana 98: 221

argutana 108: 384

argytana 102; 202,212; 1032 111, 117,118,

[123; 104: 239; 108: 376

aristidana 110: 80, 87, 88

arquatana 98: 222; 104: 236

artemisiana 101: 249

articana (ab.) 99: 138

artificana 98: 223; 104: 234

ascoldana 99: 128; 104: 236

asiatica (ssp.) 98: 204; 100: 311

asinana 97: 207, 209; 98: 222; 99: 113;

[104: 236

asperana 98: 189

asperana (ab.) (literana) 99: 150, 151

asperana (ab.) (variegana) 99: 135; 104: 233

aspersalis 99: 131

aspersana 99: 131; 100: 327; 104: 234

aspersana (ab.) (variegana) 99: 135

asphodilana 98: 213

aspiaiscana [recte: aspidiscana] 101: 255

aspidana 111: 14

aspidiscana (Dichrorampha) 101: 255

aspidiscana (Eucosma) 111: 7, 14

aspidiscana (Laspeyresia) 102: 190, 199

aspodilana 98: 213

asscelana 102: 184

asseclana 99: 114, 115; 100: 323; 102: 184;

[108: 377, 385, 386

assinana 99: 113

assumptana 101: 236

astragalana 111: 17

atelosticta 111: 10

atlantis 99: 114

atra (ab.) 99: 138

atrana (ab.) 99: 144

atromargana 103: 117, 123

atropurpurana 101: 249; 103: 120, 124

atrosignana (ab.) 99: 148

attaliana (ab.) 99: 144

audouinana 99: 127

auduinana 99: 127

augustiorana 98: 226

aurana 100: 314; 102: 175, 176, 181, 187, 198;

[103: 120; 104: 239

28 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968

aurantania 103: 119

aurantiacum 97: 157, 216, 218

aurantiana 102: 193; 103: 118, 143;

[104: 239

aurantiana (ab.) (aurana) 102: 187; 104: 239

aurantiradix 111: 8

aureolana 102: 212; 104: 239

aurichalcana 98: 180, 182; 99: 126; 104: 236

aurifasciana (ab.) 99: 108

auristellana (ab.) 99: 126

auroscriptana 102: 211, 215

austriacana (ssp.) 98: 214; 100: 315

autolitha 108: 381

autumnana 104: 233

autumnana (ab.) (apiciana) 99: 148

autumnana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 138, 140, 141;

[104: 233

autumnana (ab.) (scabrana) 99: 143

avellana 98: 200, 207, 214

azukivora 110: 33

bactrana 111: 17

bacurana 99: 129

balatonana 111: 9, 19

balcanica 98: 218

baligrodana 108: 376

balticana (f.?) 101: 249

balticola (ab.) 98: 200

banghaasi 108: 375, 384

baracola 99: 152

barbarana 99: 117; 104: 237

basalticola (ab.) 99: 149; 104: 233

basilinea (ab.) 99: 139

bathyglypta 98: 207

bellana (ab.) 99: 122; 104: 237

bentleyana (ab.) 99: 144

bergmanniana 98: 187, 189, 190; 99: 127;

[104: 236

bergstraesserella 100: 318

berolinensis 108: 380

besseri 98: 203

betulana 98: 204, 215; 100: 311, 316

betulifoliana 98: 216

bicoloria (ab.) 99: 138

bifasciana 97: 216; 98: 186, 189; 99: 127;

[104: 236

bifidana (ab.) (ferrugana) 99: 133; 100: 329;

[104: 234

bifidana (tripunctana) 99: 132

biformana 99: 120; 100: 325

bigeminata 102: 192

bimaculella 102: 187

bimaculosana 108: 380

binigrata 98: 206

bipartana 110: 23

bipartitana 102: 206, 211, 214

bipunctella 111: 3

birmensis (ssp.) 98: 196

biruptana 99: 121

biserialis 102: 209, 213

bistriana (apiciana) 99: 147

bistriana (ab.) (hippophaëana) 99: 142

bittana 110: 15

(254)

bivittana (ab.) 99: 138

bizensis (ssp.) 99: 111

blackmoreana 102: 185, 195

blandana 99: 135

blandiana 99: 135

blasiana 101: 251; 110: 14

blepharana 101: 255

bleszynskii 99: 115

bleuseana 110: 68, 73

blockiana 103: 116, 122; 104: 239;

[110: 26, 27, 28, 29

blockiella 110: 26, 27

bogodiana 99: 116; 100: 324

bollingerana (ab.) 99: 138; 104: 232, 233

borana 99: 135

boreana 99: 120

bornigiana 111: 10

borreoni 99: 120

boscana 99: 134, 136; 100: 330; 104: 233

bouliana 107: 12

bracatana 98: 218; 104: 235

brachiana 104: 234

brachiana (ab.) (ferrugana) 99: 133;

[100: 329; 104: 234

brachiana (tripunctana) 99: 132

brachysticta 111: 11

brachytoma 98: 206

branderiana 98: 162, 204, 205, 206; 99: 115;

[102: 199

breviornatana (ab.) 99: 154

breviplicana 98: 205; 100: 311

brevivittana (ab.) 99: 138

brigittana 111: 12

brisiacana (ab.) 99: 142

brunnea (ab.) (cristana) 99: 144

brunnea (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 138, 140

brunnea (ab.) (hippophaëana) 99: 142

brunneana (ab.) (comariana) 99: 129

brunneana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 144; 104: 232

brunneana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 138

brunneana (ab.) (literana) 99: 151

brunneana (ab.) (mixtana) 99: 146

brunneana (ab.) (umbrana) 99: 137

brunneana (ab.) (viburniana) 98: 210;

[100: 313

brunneastrigana (ab.) 99: 152

brunneoradiana (ab.) 99: 138

brunneostriana (ab.) 99: 138

brunnescens (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 138

brunnescens (ab.) (hippophaëana) 99: 142

brunnichiana 101: 248

brunnichianum 102: 190

brunnistriana (ab.) 99: 142

buddhana 110: 76, 84

bugnionana 101: 238, 252; 104: 240;

[110: 18, 19

buoliana 107: 6, 8, 10, 11, 12, 14

buraetica 99: 124; 100: 326; 104: 237

burgasensis 98: 218

burgasiensis 98: 218

burgisana 98: 218

burgnionana 101: 252

buringerana (ab.) 99: 138, 139

buvati (ab.) 99: 123

(255)

byringerana (ab.) 99: 138, 141; 104: 233

byringiana 99: 131

cacaleana 101: 242, 253; 104: 246

cacuminana 101: 243, 251

caeca (ab.) (rigana) 99: 125

caecana 102: 211, 215; 104: 238

caecimaculana 110: 67, 70, 71, 72, 76, 79, 81

caecimaculanum 110: 76

caecimaculata 110: 76; 111: 14

caementana 110: 80

caeruleoatrana (ab.) 99: 135

caerulescens 99: 152; 104: 232

caesareana 98: 217

caledoniana 98: 193; 99: 130; 104: 234

caliacrana 111: 16

calidoniana 99: 130

caliginosana 101: 248, 249

callimachana 99: 111; 100: 320

callisphena 102: 192; 110: 24

calvicaput 98: 224; 100: 318

campoliliana 111: 16

campositella 102: 211

cana 108: 381; 111: 3, 7, 9

canariensis 98: 215; 104: 236

cancellatana 101: 250, 257; 104: 240

candana 99: 152

candidana (ab.) 99: 121; 100: 325; 104: 237

candidulana 111: 16

canescana 99: 120; 100: 320, 325; 104: 237

canescana (ab.) (literana) 99: 149; 104: 233

canescens 99: 121

cantiana 99: 120

capillana 99: 111

capillitana 101: 247

capillitiana 101: 247

capitinivana (f.) 111: 16

cappana 98: 201

capparidana 102: 179, 186, 197; 104: 238;

[110: 36

caprana 98: 218

caprimulgana 98: 203

caprionica (ab.) 99: 112

capsigerana 97: 178; 98: 203; 100: 310

capsigeranus 104: 235

capuana 99: 144

capucina (ab.) 99: 144

capuzina (ab.) 99: 144

*caradjai (ssp.) (Eucosma) 111: 10

caradjana (Aphelia) 98: 210

caradjana (Laspeyresia) 102: 192

caradjana (Thiodia) 107: 21, 22, 23, 24;

[108: 365

carduana 111: 3, 7, 8

carinthiaca 99: 108

cariosana 103: 142

carpiniana 98: 201

carpophaga 104: 64, 67

caryocryptis 99: 125

castaneana (mixtana) 99: 146; 104: 233

castaneana (ab.) (schalleriana) 99: 134;

104: 233

N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae 29

castiliana (ssp.) 99: 108; 100: 319; 104: 238

cataclystiana 107: 4

cataxesta 98: 201

catharaspis 111: 11

catoptrana 111: 14

caucasica 101: 250

caudana 99: 151, 152

caudana (ab.) (emargana) 99: 152; 104: 232

caudidulana 111: 15

celsana 98: 216; 100: 316

cembrella 107: 13

centralasiae (ssp.) 102: 184

centrana 99: 132; 100: 327

centrovittana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 139;

[104: 233

centrovittana (ab.) (hippophaëana) 99: 142

centrovittata (ab.) 99: 139

cerasana 102: 208

cerasana (ab.) (ribeana) 98: 200;

[100: 309, 312; 104: 235

cerasema (ab.) 98: 200

cerasivora 102: 192

ceretana 98: 223

cerusana 99: 136

cervana 111: 8, 14

cervinana 102: 192

cesareana 98: 217; 104: 235

cetratana 111: 13

chanana 110: 79

chantana (ab.) 99: 144

chapmani 99: 118

characterana 98: 205; 99: 124; 100: 326;

[104: 237

charlottana (ab.) 99: 144

chavanneana 101: 251, 252; 110: 18, 19

chelias 110: 24

chlorograpta 98: 201

chlorotypa 98: 206

chondrillana 97: 152, 166, 168; 98: 202;

[100: 309; 104: 235

chrétieni 108: 379

chrétieni (ssp.) *98: 212 ;100: 313

christophana 99: 127; 103: 119, 124;

[104: 236, 239

christophi (ssp.) *98: 211; 100: 313

christophi (ssp.) (paleana) *98: 211;

[100: 313; 104: 236

chrysantheana 98: 161; 99: 113;

[100: 322, 323; 104: 237

chrysanthemana 99: 113, 116

chrysitana 98: 211, 217

ciliana 99: 131

cinareana 99: 109; 100: 320; 104: 237

cinctana 97: 209, 211, 213; 98: 157, 223;

[100: 318; 104: 236

cinerana 99: 121, 154; 100: 333; 101: 246

cinerascens 101: 249, 257

cinerea (ab.) 99: 136

cinereana 97: 222; 99: 109, 154; 100: 333

cinereanum 99: 129

cinerosana 101: 247, 257; 103: 136; 104: 240;

[110: 18

cingulana 99: 108

cinnamomea 98: 205

30 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968

cinnamomeana 97: 166; 98: 200;

[100: 316, 317; 104: 235

circiana (f.) 108: 378

circulana 111: 1, 2, 5

circumclusana 98: 220

circumflexana 108: 375

circumfluxana 108: 384

cirrana (ab.) 99: 135; 104: 233

cirsiana (f.) 108: 378

citrana 99: 111; 107: 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24

clanculana 103: 117, 123; 104: 238

clara (ssp.) 98: 196

clarana 99: 122

clarescens 111: 6

clarkiana (ab.) 99: 145

clavigerana 102: 192; 108: 375, 384

clercana 99: 121

cleuana (ab.) 99: 115

cnicicolana 108: 379

coagulana 111: 7

cocciferana 103: 118, 124

coecana 102: 211

coecimaculana 110: 76

coeruleana (ab.) 99: 125

coeruleosparsa 102: 208

coeruleostriana 111: 11

coffearia 98: 208

cognatana 98: 202; 102: 189, 198; 104: 238

colfaxiana 107: 39, 40

colossa (ssp.) 99: 120

colquhounana (f.) 99: 122, 123; 100: 325;

[104: 237

colquouhana 99: 123

comariana 98: 193; 99: 129; 104: 234

combustana 104: 232

combustana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 145

combustana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 139;

[104: 233

commodestana 110: 74

communana 98: 161; 99: 112, 115, 117;

[100: 321; 104: 237

compacta (ab.) 98: 206

comparana (= tripunctana) 99: 132

comparana (ab.) (comariana) 99: 129

comparana (ab.) (latifasciana) 99: 129;

[104: 234

composana 102: 211

compositella 102: 203, 207, 211; 104: 238

compressana 98: 221

comstockiana 107: 30

conchyloides 99: 128

conciliata 110: 24

concinnana 102: 210; 107: 12

confidana 110: 72, 82

confixana 99: 140; 100: 330

confixana (ab.) (abietana) 99: 149; 104: 233

confluens (ab.) (crataegana) *98: 205;

[100: 311; 104: 235

confluens (f.) (foenella) 108: 375

confluens (ab.) (virgaureana) 99: 115

confluentana (ab.) 99: 112

conformana 111: 6, 18

confusa (ab.) 99: 139

confusana 108: 377

(256)

congelatella 98: 167, 169, 170; 99: 119;

[104: 238

congeminata *110: 80, 86

congenerana 98: 204

congruana 98: 220

congruentana 98: 214; 104: 235

coniana 101: 250

conicolana 102: 179, 181, 187; 104: 238

coniferana 102: 179, 182, 189, 198; 104: 238

conjugana 103: 119

conjunctana 102: 184, 195

conradii 99: 119

consequana 102: 184

consimilana 98: 214, 215

consimilana (ab.) 99: 144; 104: 232

consortana 101: 249, 253, 257; 104: 240;

[110: 17

conspectana 102: 210

conspersana 99: 113, 116, 122, 132; 100: 322;

[104: 237

constanti 98: 227; 104: 234

contaminana 99: 131; 100: 327

contemptrix 98: 206

conterminana 111: 14

continentana 98: 212; 100: 314

contrasignata 108: 380

conwagana 97: 228, 231; 98: 227; 100: 319;

[104: 236

conwayana 98: 227; 100: 319

coprana (ab.) 99: 154; 100: 333; 104: 233

cordulana 111: 12

coriacana 98: 217; 104: 236

coriacanus 98: 217

corneliana 110: 76, 84

cornucopiae 102: 192; 104: 238

corollana 102: 175, 177, 179, 181, 187;

[104: 238

coronana 99: 137, 138, 143; 104: 233

coronana (ab.) 99: 139, 141

coronillana 102: 212, 215; 104: 239

corticana 107: 33

coruscana 107: 13

corylana 97: 152, 165, 166; 98: 200, 205;

[100: 317; 104: 235

cosmophorana 102: 181, 185, 196; 104: 238

costana 98: 215, 222; 100: 315

costialba (ab.) #99: 149; 100: 333

costimacula (ab.) 99: 141

costimaculana 99: 132, 133, 14; 100: 329;

[104: 234

costimaculana (ab.) (lipsiana) 99: 147

costipunctana 103: 121, 123, 125; 108: 376

costistrigana (ab.) *99: 147; 100: 332

cottiana 99: 123; 100: 326; 104: 237

crassana 99: 147; 104: 234

crassana (ab.) (apiciana) 99: 148

crassifasciana 99: 112

crataegana 98: 201, 204, 205; 100: 310, 311

crataeganus 104: 235

crataegophila 103: 118, 123; 110: 29

craterana 97: 225

cretaceana (Cnephasia) 99: 113

cretaceana (Eucosma) 111: 15

cretana 98: 223; 108: 374, 378

(257)

crispinana 98: 213; 100: 315

cristalana (ab.) 99: 144; 104: 232

cristana 98: 180, 189, 190; 99: 135, 139, 143,

[144, 145, 146; 100: 332; 104: 232, 233

cristata 107: 33

critica 110: 24

criticana 98: 205

criticanus 104: 235

croatica 110: 78

croceana 98: 200, 214, 215, 221;

[100: 316, 317, 318

crocopa 110: 30

crocopepla 99: 152

cruciana (ab.) 99: 107

crustulana 110: 74

cuencana 99: 108; 100: 319

culmana 98: 213; 111: 7

cumulana 110: 70; 111: 10

cupidiana 98: 221

cupidinana 98: 221; 100: 317, 318; 104: 236

cuprea (ab.) (aurana) *102: 187, 198

cuprea (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 139

cupressana 97: 201, 203; 98: 221;

[103: 116, 122; 110: 26, 27, 28

cupressanus 104: 236

cupressivorana 99: 109, 112, 113, 121;

[104: 237

curvifasciana (ab.) 99: 108; 100: 319

curtisana (ab.) 99: 194

cyaneana (ab.) 99: 135; 104: 233

cyanescana 99: 122

cyclidias 110: 31

cynosbana 108: 382, 383

cynosbatana 108: 382

cynosbatella 108: 366, 382

cytisana 103: 119, 124; 104: 239

daedaleana 101: 247

dagestana 110: 80, 88

dahlbomiana 111: 14

dahliana 102: 191

daldorfana 103: 120

daldorfiana 103: 120

daleana 98: 211

dalecarliana 102: 185

dandana 102: 185

danicana 111: 9, 19

danilevsky *101: 254; 102: 216

danilevskyi 101: 260; 102: 216

dannehli 102: 182, 189, 198

darvaza (ssp.) 99: 120; 100: 325

dativa 107: 10, 12, 15

decaryi (ab.) 99: 115

decolorana (Cnephasia) 99: 113

decolorana (Eucosma) 111: 3, 10, 15

decolorana (ssp.) (succedana) 102: 184, 195

decorana 102: 184

decorata 102: 186

decoratana 102: 179, 186, 197

decosseana 99: 131, 132; 104: 233

decretana 97: 178; 98: 204; 100: 311, 316

decretanus 104: 235

definita (ssp.) 100: 324

N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae 31

definitana (f.) 110: 78

deflexana 102: 186

delibatana 98: 207

delicatana 99: 152; 104: 232

delineana 102: 211; 110: 24, 25, 26

delitana 99: 112

demissana 111: 17

denigratana 108: 376

densana 98: 205

densana (ab.) (apiciana) 99: 148

denticana 99: 154

derivana 99: 121, 122; 100: 325; 104: 237

dernina 110: 74

desfontainana (ab.) 99: 144, 146; 104: 232

detractana 98: 208

deyana 102: 188, 198

diana 102: 186

dicastica 110: 35

dichrorhamphana 103: 121; 104: 239

difficilana 102: 206, 212, 215; 104: 239

diffusana (= Grapholitha fissana) 102: 209

diffusana (Hastula) 98: 227; 104: 234

diffusana (ab.) (chrysantheana) 99: 114

dilutana (ab.) 99: 109

dimidiana (= Pammene rhediella) 103: 120

dimidiana (= Acleris rhombana) 99: 131

dimidiatana 102: 206, 207, 211, 214;

[104: 239; 110: 23

directa 111: 18

directana (ab.) 99: 114

discedana 110: 14

discretana 100: 318; 102: 210; 104: 239

disjectana 111: 11

disparana 98: 207

disparanus 104: 235

disquei 110: 80, 86

disquéi (ab.) *99: 133; 100: 329

dissimilana 98: 204

dissonana 99: 135

distinctana (Cnephasia) 99: 116

distinctana (Dichrorampha) 101: 247, 249,

[255; 104: 240

distorta 104: 65, 66

districta 98: 214

diticinctana 98: 228

diurneana 99: 122

diversana 97: 152, 171; 98: 202, 203;

[100: 309, 310; 104: 235, 237

divisa 102: 192

divisana (=Grapholitha fissana) 102: 209

divisana (ab.) (apiciana) 99: 148

divisana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 139, 141;

[104: 233

dohrniana (ab.) 98: 213; 100: 315; 104: 236

dominicana 99: 123; 100: 326

donelana 98: 210

dorana 98: 216; 100: 316

dorsana 102: 191, 203, 204, 207, 209, 210,

[211, 212, 214; 103: 117; 104: 239; 110; 21

dorsialba (ab.) *99: 149; 100: 333

dorsilunana 102: 186

dryochyta 98: 218

dryonephela 99: 109

duercki 110: 69, 70, 73, 75

32 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968

dumeriliana 98: 226

dumetana 97: 166; 98: 201, 214; 104: 237

dumicolana 98: 214; 100: 315; 104: 235

dumonti (ssp.) 99: 122

duplana 107: 10, 13, 16, 38, 47

duplicana 102: 181, 185, 191, 200; 104: 239;

[110: 21

duratella 99: 119; 100: 325; 104: 238

dürcki 110: 73

dzhungarica 101: 246

eatoniana 98: 216; 100: 316; 104: 235, 236

ectypana (ab.) 99: 125; 104: 236

ecullyana 98: 172; 99: 123

edrisiana 110: 74

eductana 98: 207

effractana 99: 149

effractana (ab.) (emargana) 99: 152

effusana 102: 183; 108: 375

eidmanni 101: 242, 256, 261

elegantana 102: 212; 110: 70, 73, 82, 83

elevana 99: 142

elongata 111: 13

elsana 98: 216

elutana 110: 32, 33, 34

emargana 98: 180, 189, 190, 193; 99: 151, 152;

[104: 232

emptycta 98: 201; 100: 309

endrosias 102: 211; 110: 26

engadinensis 103: 121

enitescens 99: 153

epanthista 102: 192

ephedrana 111: 18

ephippana 99: 143; 103: 118, 124

epicharana 101: 252

epicyrta 98: 206

epidola 110: 32

erebana (ab.) 99: 149

erebantra 111: 11

erebina (ab.) 98: 228

erectana 102: 212

eremica 99: 118

eremicum 99: 118

ericicolana 102: 189

erschoffi 98: 220; 104: 235

erutana 99: 129; 104: 234

erutana (ab.) (schalleriana) 99: 134;

[104: 233, 234

erythrana (ab.) 98: 200

esmodes 111: 17

eulogiana 97: 168; 98: 202; 100: 309

eurychorana 101: 247; 110: 18

euryomis 98: 219

eutaeniana (ab.) 99: 147; 104: 233

euxina 97: 189, 192, 195; 98: 212; 100: 314

evanidana 98: 207

evanidanus 104: 235

eversmanni 110: 80, 87, 88

evisa (ab.) 99: 122

exalbescens 98: 224

excavana 104: 232

excavana (ab.) (emargana) 99: 152

exigua 99: 118

(258)

exiguana 99: 118

exiguanum 99: 118

exiguanus 104: 237

eximia 101: 254; 110: 17, 18

eximiana 99: 138

exosticha 102: 193; 110: 23, 24

expallidana 111: 9, 19

expressa 99: 130

expressana 108: 380

exquisitana 102: 190; 104: 238

exsucana 99: 153; 104: 234

externana 98: 215

extinctana 110: 36

exuberans 99: 127

exulis 97: 216, 228

faaborgensis (ab.) 99: 129

facetana 98: 162; 99: 110; 104: 237

fackiana 101: 249

faeneana 108: 375

fagana 99: 130

fagi (f.) 98: 221; 100: 318

fagiglandana 102: 181, 183, 190, 199;

[104: 239

falcana 103: 133, 134; 110: 32, 33, 34

fallaciana 98: 216

falsana (ab.) 99: 134; 104: 233

famula (ab.) 99: 134

farfarae 108: 374, 376, 385

fasciana 98: 201, 202; 99: 107, 139;

[103: 119, 124; 104: 239

fasciana (ab.) (comariana) 99: 129

fasciana (ab.) (emargana) 99: 152; 104: 232

fasciana (ab.) (fimbriana) *99: 147; 100: 332

fasciana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 139

fasciata 98: 219; 100: 317; 104: 239

fasciculana 98: 208

favillaceana 97: 209, 214, 225; 98: 224;

[99: 130; 100: 315, 318, 319, 320; 104: 234

ferrugana 99: 109, 131, 132, 133, 154;

[100: 327, 328; 104: 234

ferruganum 99: 132

ferruginea (ab.) 99: 139

ferrumixtana 99: 132; 100: 328

ferugana 98: 211; 99: 109

fervidana 111: 10

fessana 108: 365

filana 102: 212

filipjevi (Acleris) *99: 147; 100: 332

filipjevi (ab.) (canescana) 99: 121

filipjevi (Dichrorampha) 101: 245

fimana 102: 209, 213; 104: 239;

1110221002924

fimbriana 99: 147; 100: 332; 103: 117;

[104: 233

fimbriana (f.) (coffearia) 98: 208

fimbriana (ab.) (tripunctana) 99: 132

fingalana 99: 108

fiorii 108: 381

fisana 102: 210

fischeri (ssp.?) 98: 211; 100: 313

fissana 102: 209, 210; 104: 239

fissurana 99: 133; 100: 328, 329

(259)

flammeana (ab.) 99: 144

flavana 98: 200, 210, 211, 215, 223; 99: 136

flavana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 145

flavana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 139

flavana (ab.) (literana) 99: 151

flavana (ab.) (lorquiniana) 99: 148; 100: 332

flavicapitana 99: 139

flavicostana (ab.) 99: 139

flavidorsana 101: 245, 246, 256; 104: 240;

[110: 15

flavidorsana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 139

flavillaceana 98: 224

flavipunctana 102: 183

flavispecula 111: 9, 19

flavodorsana (ab.) 99: 139

flavostriana (ab.) 99: 144

flavovittana (ab.) 99: 145

flexana 103: 128, 129

floricolana 103: 119

fluidana 108: 377, 378, 386

fluxana 104: 235

fluxana (ab.) 98: 216; 100: 316

focnella 108: 375

foederatana 97: 176, 180; 98: 208; 104: 234

foenana 108: 375

foenella 108: 365, 367, 372, 375, 384

foenellum 108: 375

folskaleana 99: 128

fônella 108: 375

formosana (Enarmonia) 104: 61, 62, 63, 64,

[238

formosana (Eucosma) 111: 3

formosana (Lozotaeniodes) 98: 221

formosana (ssp.) (stipatana) 98: 200

formosanus (Enarmonia) 104: 236

forscaeleana 99: 128

forscaleana 99: 127

forskaeleana 99: 127

forskähleana 99: 127

forskahliana 99: 127

forskaleana 98: 190; 99: 127

forskäleana 98: 189; 99: 127; 104: 236

forskaliana 99: 128

forskäliana 99: 127

forskoleana 99: 127

forskoliana 99: 127

forsskaleana 99: 128

forsterana 97: 201, 204, 211; 98: 221;

[100: 318; 104: 236

forsteri 101: 250

fragariana 98: 166

fragosana 99: 110; 100: 320; 104: 237

fragrosana 99: 110, 117

fraudulentana 111: 13

fraxinana (ab.) 103: 118, 124; 104: 239

freii (ab.) 99: 114

freyeriana 111: 16

fuchsiana 108: 377

fucsana 98: 212; 104: 236

fuligana 99: 119

fuliginosana (nybomi) 98: 218

fuliginosana (ab.) (spectrana) 98: 215

fultana 110: 72

fulturata 99: 113; 100: 321

N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae 33

fuluana 102: 187

fulvana (Archips) 98: 204

fulvana (Eucosma) 111: 8, 9, 19

fulvana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 144

fulvana (ab.) (literana) 99: 151

fulvanum 111: 8

fulvella 102: 187

fulvifrontana 103: 120

fulvimitrana 107: 38

fulvipunctana 107: 38

fulvocristana (ab.) 99: 144; 104: 232

fulvoliterana (ab.) 99: 150; 104: 233

fulvomaculana (ab.) 99: 150; 104: 233

fulvomixtana (ab.) 99: 150, 151; 104: 233

fulvopunctana (ab.) 99: 144

fulvorittana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 144

fulvostriana (ab.) 99: 144

fulvostrigana 110: 78

fulvovittana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 144;

[104: 232

fulvovittana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 139

fumatana (ssp.?) 98: 211; 100: 313

fumiferana 97: 172

funebrana 102: 203, 208; 104: 238

furvana 99: 139

fusca 101: 252; 110: 17

fuscana (rosana) 98: 206

fuscana (ab.) (comariana) 99: 129

fuscana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 145

fuscana (ab.) (emargana) 99: 152; 104: 232

fuscana (ab.) (variegana) 99: 135

fuscociliana 98: 202

fuscocupreana 98: 220

fuscotogata 99: 128; 104: 234

fustulana 110: 74

fuvillaceana 99: 130

gaditana 98: 225

gaditanus 104: 234

gailicolana 103: 118

galacteana (ab.) 99: 132

galactica 111: 16

galiana 98: 210; 100: 312

gallarum 103: 117, 123

gallicana 102: 176, 181, 182, 184, 186, 197;

[104: 239

gallicana (ssp.) (genitalana) 99: 116

gallicolana 103: 118, 123, 124

gammana 108: 379

gavisana 97: 157, 174, 175

gelata 99: 119

gelatana 99: 119

gelatella 99: 119

geleana 98: 210

gemellana 101: 248; 104: 240

geminana 102: 185; 107: 12

geministriata 102: 193

gemmana 107: 12, 38

gemmatella 107: 11

gemmiferana 102: 204, 205, 207, 213;

[104: 238

generosana 102: 182, 190, 199; 104: 238;

[110: 20

34 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968

geniculana 102: 210

genitalana 99: 116; 100: 322, 324; 104: 237

georgiella 99: 120

germana 103: 120, 124; 104: 239

germarana 99: 134; 101: 248; 102: 208

germmana 103: 120, 124

gerningana 97: 209, 214, 219; 98: 204, 205,

[210, 225; 104: 234

giarabubensis 111: 18

gibbosana (ab.) 99: 145

gigantana (ssp.) (dorsana) 102: 210, 214

gigantana (= luticostana) 98: 203

gilvana 98: 202, 205, 206; 99: 132

gilviciliana 102: 178, 180, 181, 182, 185, 19G;

[104: 238

glaphyrana (ab.) 102: 190

glareana 99: 119

glaucana 102: 180, 189, 198; 104: 239

glebana 103: 139; 111: 13

glycinivorella 103: 129, 130, 131, 139;

{110: 29, 30

gnomana 97: 201, 205, 206, 211; 98: 215,

[217, 222, 223; 100: 315, 316, 318;

[104: 234

gnomana (ab.) (ferrugana) 99: 133

gnomana (ab.) (tripunctana) 99: 132

goliana 99: 120

gossipiana 98: 207

gouana 99: 120

govana 99: 120

gracilis (Dichrorampha) 101: 253; 110: 17, 18

gracilis (Eucosma) 111: 13

gradana 102: 193; 104: 63, 238

gradensis 111: 14

graeca (ssp.) 102: 191, 200; 104: 239

graecana (ssp.) 99: 111

graminana 101: 248

grammana 110: 76

granadana (ab.) 100: 316

granadanus (ab.) 98: 216

grandaevana 108: 370, 371, 372, 373, 375, 381

grandis 98: 162; 99: 110

graphana 108: 377

graphanum 108: 377

graphitana 98: 228

gratana 99: 111

gratiana 98: 223

gravana 98: 201; 100: 309

grisea (filipjevi) 99: 147; 100: 332

grisea (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 139, 141;

[100: 330, 332

grisea (ab.) (hippophaëana) 99: 142

griseana (= canescana) 99: 121

griseana (ab.) (emargana) 99: 152

griseana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 139

griseana (ab.) (lipsiana) 99: 147

griseana (ab.) (literana) 99: 150

griseana (ab.) (mixtana) 99: 146

griseana (ssp.?) (succedana) 102: 184, 195

griseicoma 98: 218

griseis (ab.) 99: 143; 100: 331

griseofasciana 99: 139

griseolana 110: 70, 78

griseovariegata 99: 141

(260)

griseovitta (ab.) 99: 139

grisescana 99: 120

grossana 102: 183, 190, 199

grossulariana 98: 200

grotiana 97: 209, 211, 213, 214; 98: 223;

[100: 318; 104: 234

gruneriana 101: 252, 255; 104: 240

griineriana 101: 252

grunertiana (ab.) 102: 189, 198; 104: 238

grunneriana 101: 252

guadarramana 101: 256

gueneana (Cnephasia) 98: 161; 99: 110, 111;

[100: 320, 321; 101: 254; 104: 237

guenéeana (Dichrorampha) 101: 238, 242,

[244, 254, 257; 104: 240

guentheri 111: 10

gueriniana 103: 142

gumpiana (ab.) 99: 145

gumpinana (ab.) 99: 145

gundiana 102: 211

guttana 98: 195

gypsatana 111: 6, 18

haberhaueri 111: 8

halliana (ab.) 99: 130; 104: 233

hamatana 102: 209, 213; 104: 239

hapalactis 99: 153

harpeana 101: 250, 252; 104: 240; 110: 18, 19

hastana 107: 11, 20

hastiana 98: 189; 99: 107, 134, 136, 137, 138,

[139, 140, 141, 142, 148; 100: 329, 330,

[332; 107: 11; 104: 232, 233

haworthana 99: 130

hebenstreitella 98: 207; 100: 312

heegerana 101: 248, 258; 102: 187; 104: 240

hegeriana 101: 248

heinemanni *99: 110; 100: 320; 104: 237

helenica 99: 116; 100: 324

heliapoda 98: 227

hellenica 98: 161; 99: 116; 100: 324

helvolana 97: 185, 193, 195, 196; 98: 213;

[100: 314, 315; 104: 236

hemicriptana 97: 225

hemidoxa 102: 193

heparana 97: 166; 98: 201, 205; 100: 309;

[104: 235

hepatariana 110: 78

hepaticana 108: 377, 379, 386

hepaticanum 108: 379

heperana 98: 201

herbaecolor 98: 194

herbosana 101: 251

heringiana 111: 14

hermanniana 98: 204

hermineana 98: 209

herrichiana 107: 39, 41, 42

herrichiana (ab.) (fasciana) 103: 119, 124;

[104: 239

heteroidana 97: 198, 199

heteropa 110: 24

heuseriana (ssp.?) 101: 250

hexaphora 103: 116, 121

hinnebergiana (Eucosma) 111: 10

(261)

hinnebergiana (ab.) (Laspeyresia) 102: 185

hinnebergiana (f.) (Pelochrista) 110: 78

hippophaëana 99: 141, 142; 100: 330;

[104: 233

hispanica 99: 113; 100: 321

hispidana 99: 130, 147; 104: 232

histrionana 97: 176, 185, 186; 98: 203, 209;

[104: 235

hochenwartiana 108: 375

hoenwartiana 111: 9

hoffmanseggana 98: 227

hoffmanseggiana 98: 227

hofmannseggana 98: 227

hohenwarthana 111: 7, 8

hohenwarthiana 111: 8

hohenwartiana (Eucosma) 111: 7, 8

hohenwartiana (Lathronympha) 103: 139

hohenworthiana 111: 8

holmiana 98: 189; 99: 128; 104: 234

homotorna 110: 35

homsana 99: 118

homsanum 99: 118

honorana (ab.) 103: 119; 104: 239

hoplista 110: 34

horridana 99: 108, 124

hübneri (ab.) 99: 138

hübneriana 110: 66, 79

huebneriana 110: 79

humana 99: 125

humerana 99: 116

hybnerana 98: 205

hybridana 99: 107, 108, 119; 100: 320;

[104: 238

hybridella 111: 8

hyemalis 99: 146

hyemana 99: 113, 118; 100: 332

hyemella 99: 119

hyerana 97: 220, 227; 98: 226; 100: 319;

[104: 234, 237

hypericana 100: 309, 318; 103: 136, 139

hypericano 103: 139

hyperptycha 99: 125

hypsicrates 97: 216, 223, 224; 98: 226

hyringerana (ab.) 99: 138

ianthinana 102: 207

iaquiniana 101: 245

iberica 98: 213; 100: 315

ibiceana 111: 9

icterana (ab.) (paleana) 98: 211; 100: 313;

[104: 236

ictericana (ab.) (longana) 99: 111; 104: 237

ictericana (ab.) (paleana) 98: 211

idana 98: 216

idonatana 110: 68, 76, 84

ignavana 99: 118

ignavanus 104: 237

ignoratana 98: 227; 104: 234

ignotana 111: 11

ilicetana 102: 184

ilipulana 102: 184, 195

illipeda 104: 66, 67

illotana 98: 208; 100: 312; 104: 234

N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae 35

illustrana 98: 202

illutana 102: 189; 104: 238

illutanana 102: 189

imitator 98: 217; 100: 316

immaculana (= germana) 103: 120

immaculana (ab.) (murinana) 98: 203;

[104: 235

immaculata (Dichrorampha) 101: 254, 260

immaculata (,,Hemimene”) 101: 260

immaculatana (ab.) 98: 221

impar 97: 220; 98: 161, 164, 165; 99: 118;

[104: 238

imperfectana 98: 211; 104: 236

imperita 99: 126

implicatana 102: 181, 182, 187, 197; 104: 238

impunctana (ab.) 99: 120; 100: 325

impura (ab.) 99: 141

incana 111: 15

incanana 99: 121; 100: 324, 325; 104: 237

incarnatana 108: 382

incertana 98: 161, 162, 163; 99: 117; 100: 323,

[324; 104: 237

incinerana 111: 14

incisana 102: 207

includana 102: 209

incognitana 101: 242, 248, 254, 257

inconditana 98: 224; 104: 234

inconspicua 108: 376, 384; 110: 17

inconspiqua 101: 252

incursana 101: 252; 104: 240

indecorana 104: 232

indignana 97: 216; 99: 126; 104: 236

individiosana 111: 10, 20

indivisa 110: 20, 21

indodatana 110: 76, 80, 84

infidana 110: 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 82

infidanum 110: 72

infirmana 111: 18

infuscanus 99: 109

informosana 102: 193

infuscata (Dichrorampha) 110: 16

infuscata (ab.) (incanana) 99: 121

infuscatana 108: 381

ingentana: 97: 178; 98: 205; 100: 310, 311

ingentanus 98: 205; 104: 235

inignana 110: 76, 84

iniquana 110: 76, 84

inopinata 102: 208

inopinatana 98: 202

inornata (ab.) 98: 203

inquilina 103: 111, 117; 104: 239

inquinatana 102: 176, 181, 183, 191; 104: 239

insignana 99: 135

insincera 98: 218

insolatana 98: 209; 99: 111

instratana 102: 190; 104: 239

insubrica (ssp.) 99: 108; 100: 319, 320

insulana 103: 119, 143; 104: 239

insulana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 145

insulana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 143

intacta (Eucosma) 111: 15

intacta (Grapholitha) 102: 211

interjectana 99: 114; 100: 323

interjunctana (ab.) 99: 114

36 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968

intermediana (ab.) (paleana) 98: 211;

[100: 313; 104: 236

intermediana (Eucosma) 111: 13

intermediana (hastiana) 99: 145

internana 102: 212, 215; 104: 238

interrogationana 108: 375, 384

interruptana 102: 181, 186, 191, 199, 200;

[104: 239

interscindana 102: 188, 198; 104: 238

inulivora 108: 377, 385

inumbratana 98: 210; 104: 236

invalidana 98: 208

iridescens 102: 194

irrita 103: 139

irrorana 99: 136

irrorana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 139

irrorana (ab.) (literana) 99: 150, 151;

[104: 233

isacma 102: 211; 110: 24, 25, 26

ishidai 98: 218

ishidaii 98: 218

isocyrta 98: 206

isshikii (ab.) 99: 126

italica 99: 122

interponana 110: 15

interruptana 110: 20, 21

isocampta 110: 35

jaceana 111: 8

jacquiniana 101: 245; 102: 191; 108: 376

jansoniana (ab.) 99: 145

janthinana 102: 203, 206, 207, 213; 104: 239

japonica 99: 136

jaquiniana 101: 245, 246

jaspidana 108: 383

jecorana 98: 201; 104: 235

jerusalemana 111: 6

jesonica 102: 193; 110: 22, 23, 24

joannisana 99: 108

joannisi (Croesia) 99: 128

joannisi (Eana) 99: 121; 100: 325

joannisi (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 140

joannisiana 98: 227; 100: 319; 104: 234

joannisiola (f.) 111: 15

jodocana 110: 76, 82

jottrandi (ssp.) 98: 209

juliana 103: 119, 124

juncta (ab.) 99: 115

junctana 108: 383

junctistrigana 102: 193; 104: 239

jungiana 102: 209, 210

jungiella 102: 206, 209, 213; 103: 129;

[104: 239

juniperana 103: 115, 116, 122, 143; 104: 238

kemnerana 111: 7

kenneli 99: 116; 100: 324; 104: 237

kenneli (ab.) (congelatella) 99: 119

kenteana 110: 81, 88

klimeschi 101: 243, 252; 110: 16

klimeschiana 101: 255

koenigana 102: 193

koenigiana 102: 193

(262)

kokeilana 103: 117, 123

kollarana 102: 202

kollariana 110: 76

krausiana 102: 206, 209, 213; 104: 238

kurdistana 111: 10

krygeri 111: 12

labatiana (ab.) 98: 213; 100: 315; 104: 236

labecula 99: 129

labeculana (ab.) 99: 129; 100: 327; 104: 234

labyrinthicana 110: 68, 80, 188, 226

lacordairana 99: 135; 104: 233

lacordairiana 99: 135

lacteana 111: 4, 7, 15

lacteanum 111: 7

lacunana 98: 201

laetana 99: 112

laetulana 108: 381

laevigana 98: 200, 206

lafauriana 98: 203; 104: 235

lafauryana 97: 171, 172

lambessana (ssp.) 102: 188

lamprana (ab.) 99: 137; 104: 232

lanceolana (Eucosma) 111: 9

lanceolana (ab.) (succedana) 102: 184

lapponana 97: 213; 98: 203; 104: 234

lapponana (= abiskoana) 99: 154

larsana 110: 15

larseni 102: 207, 213

larseni (ab.) (cristana) 99: 144, 146

larseni (ab.) (spectrana) 98: 215

lasiandra 104: 67

lasithicana 101: 250

latericiana 110: 69, 77, 78, 79, 85

lathyrana 102: 186, 206, 209; 103: 117;

[104: 238

latifasciana 98: 193; 99: 128, 129, 137;

[100: 327; 104: 234

latifasciana (ab.) (comariana) 99: 129

latiflavana 101: 246, 256

latior (ab.) 99: 115

latiorana (Eucosma) 111: 15

latiorana (ab.) (spectrana) 98: 215

latofasciana (ab.) 99: 139

laurana 98: 216

laviceana 98: 221

lavidorsana 101: 246

leachana (ab.) 99: 139

leacheana 98: 220; 99: 139

lecheana 97: 199, 201, 203; 98: 220; 104: 235

lediana 102: 186, 203, 207

leechi 99: 127

lefebvriana 99: 143

leguminana 102: 186; 104: 239

lemvigiana (ab.) 99: 139

lepidana 98: 202

lepidulana 102: 190; 110: 20

leplastriana 102: 186; 103: 139, 141, 142;

[104: 238

leporinana (ab.) 99: 149; 104: 233

leprosana 99: 138, 139, 142, 143

leptograpta 98: 218

lerneana 107: 20; 110: 78

leucitis 102: 193

(263)

leucodora 110: 35

leucogrammana 102: 193; 104: 238

leucophaeana (ab.) 99: 139; 104: 233

leucophracta 98: 228

leucotaeniana 99: 117

leucotreta 104: 67

levigana 98: 206

libanicolana (ssp.) *107: 21, 22, 23

liberana 99: 138

lichenana (ab.) 99: 145

lignana 111: 13

ligulana 101: 243, 250; 104: 240; 110: 19

lineata 99: 124; 100: 326; 104: 237

lineolana 110: 72

linophagana (f.) 99: 115; 100: 324

liotoma 98: 214

lipsiana 99: 129, 131, 147; 100: 332; 104: 233

lipsiana (ab.) (maccana) 99: 150

liratana 98: 214; 100: 315; 104: 235

literana 98: 189, 190, 193; 99: 150, 151;

[104: 233

lithargyrana 99: 133; 100: 328, 329

lithargyranum 99: 133

lithosiana 98: 227; 104: 234

litterana 99: 150

littoralana 108: 379

littorana 102: 184

lividana (ab.) 99: 130

livoniana 98: 222; 99: 109

livonica (ab.) 99: 122

lobarzewskii 103: 117, 123, 205, 209, 213;

[104: 238

loefflingiana 99: 125

loeflingiana 98: 179, 180, 181, 182, 190;

[99: 125

loeflingianum 104: 236

loewiana 99: 111

loderana 102: 209

logaea (ssp.) 107: 13, 16

löfflingiana 99: 125

logiana 98: 162; 99: 115, 117, 134, 136, 138,

[141; 100: 327, 330; 104: 233

longana 98: 159, 161; 99: 111; 100: 320, 321;

[104: 237

longepartitana 99: 140

longiana 99: 134

longicellana 98: 206; 100: 311

longipalpana 99: 153; 104: 234

longulana 99: 132

luteana (ab.) 99: 127

lorquiniana 99: 148; 100: 332; 104: 234

lotana (ssp.) 102: 186

lotinana 97: 175

loxiana 103: 120

lubricana 98: 190; 99: 148; 100: 332; 104: 234

lucia (ab.) 99: 112

luciana 111: 16, 18

lucicostana 104: 236

lucidana (ab.) 99: 148

lucinana 111: 16

luctiferana 103: 120

luctuosana 99: 116; 100: 324

luctuosana (= tetragona) 108: 382

luctuosana (f.) (scutulana) 108: 378

luctuosanum (f.) 108: 378

N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae 37

ludicra 110: 24

luedersiana 103: 116, 121; 104: 239

lugubrana (Eucosma) 111: 3, 4, 5, 11

lugubrana (ab.) (alpicolana) 99: 124

lunana 98: 226; 100: 319

lunulana 101: 245; 102: 210

luridalbana 99: 111

lusana 98: 213

luteolana 98: 211; 99: 154

luticostana 98: 203; 100: 310; 104: 236

lutiplaga (ab.) 99: 149; 104: 233

lutosana 99: 111

lyrana 111: 18

lythargyrana 99: 133; 100: 328

mabilliana 98: 222; 104: 236

macana 99: 149

maccana 98: 190, 193; 99: 137, 149; 104: 233

maccana (ab.) (abietana) 99: 149

macilentana 103: 121

macrogrammana 103: 136

macrorris 108: 379, 386

mactana 98: 219

maculiferana 110: 79

maculipactana 99: 153; 104: 233

maculostriana (ab.) 99: 140

maderae 103: 142; 104: 238

magnana 99: 120

magnanima 98: 208

magnificana 98: 220; 100: 317; 104: 235

major (Laspeyresia) 102: 184, 191, 200

major (Thiodia) 107: 21, 23, 24

malacotorna 98: 224

malcolmiae 103: 142

malitiosana 111: 13

malivorana 99: 153

malivorella 102: 193

mancipiana 110: 66, 67, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 82

maraschana (ssp.) 99: 110; 100: 320

marcidana 98: 224; 99: 110; 100: 320

margaritalis 99: 120

margarotana 107: 41, 42, 43, 44

marginata (ab.) 98: 227

marginestriana 102: 193

marginula (ab.) 98: 227

mariana 102: 189

maritima 111: 15

marmaranthes 110: 35

marmarocyma (Dichrorampha) 101: 251

marmarocyma (Eucosma) 111: 18

marmaroxantha 110: 76

marmorana 111: 7

maroccana 99: 123

masoniana (ab.) 99: 145

maura (ab.) 102: 191

mayrana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 139, 140;

[104: 233

mayrana (ab.) (hippophaéana) 99: 142

mayrana (ab.) (scabrana) 99: 143

mediana 102: 187

mediocris (ab.) 99: 115

mediterranea (Epiblema) 108: 382

mediterranea (Cnephasia) (,,race’’) 99: 110

38 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968

medullana 111: 6

megerleana 102: 210

meincki 99: 129

melaleucana 103: 117

melanatma 98: 224

melanaula 110: 34

melaneura 110: 33, 34

melicrossis 102: 194

melissa 98: 224

melstediana (f.) 108: 377

menciana (f.) 97: 179; 98: 208

mendiculana 108: 379

menotoma 98: 206

meridionalis 99: 109

merlana (ab.) 99: 145

mesoloba 98: 225

mesomelana 99: 116

messingiana (Eucosma) 111: 12, 13

messingiana (Thiodia) 107: 20

metacritica 110: 33

metallicana (ab.) 99: 140

metana 111: 13

metria 110: 74

metzneriana 111: 15

micaceana 98: 206

micaceana (ab.) (succedana) 102: 184

micantana 98: 220; 104: 235

microgrammana 103: 134, 135, 136; 104: 238

micromys 98: 214

micronca 98: 225

micropterana 108: 381

mienshani 99: 116; 100: 324

miniatana (ab.) 107: 13, 15

ministrana 97: 220; 98: 152, 157; 99: 109;

[104: 236; 107: 11

ministranus 99: 109

minor 99: 111

minorana 99: 112, 117

minorana (ab.) (consortana) 101: 249

minusculana 99: 117

minuta 98: 224; 100: 318

mirana 107: 21

mirificana 111: 17

mitterbergeriana (ab.) 99: 149; 104: 233

mixta (ab.) 99: 140

mixtana 99: 125, 134, 146, 147; 100: 332;

[104: 233

mixtana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 140

mixtana (ab.) (literana) 99: 151; 104: 233

modeeriana 98: 214; 99: 131; 100: 315

moderiana 98: 214

modestana (aemulana) 111: 15

modestana (modicana) 110: 77

modestana (montanana) 101: 251

modestana (rectifasciana) 99: 108; 100: 319

modestana (rigana) 99: 124

modicana (Eucosma) 111: 19

modicana (Pelochrista) 110: 77, 84

moeschleriana 97: 213; 104: 234

moldovana 102: 212, 215; 104: 239

molesta 102: 208, 213

mollitana 110: 74, 82

molybdana 102: 183, 191; 104: 239

monetulana 111: 7

(264)

monochromana 99: 110, 120; 100: 320

monstratana 111: 7, 19

monstruosana 110: 34

montana 98: 227; 103: 120

montanana 101: 243, 245, 251; 101: 258;

[104: 240; 110: 14, 18, 19

montedorea (ssp.) 98: 222

monticola 99: 125

monticolana (montanana) 101: 251

monticolana (pseudoalpestrana) 101: 250

monticolana (m. alt.) (rigana) 99: 124;

[104: 236

montserrati (ab.) 99: 121

mortuana 108: 378

motacillana 103: 119

mucidanum 99: 133

mughiana 107: 13, 39

muliebris 111: 12

mullerrutzi 101: 252

mulsantiana 107: 38

multipunctana 99: 133; 100: 329

multipunctata (ab.) 99: 151

multistriana 102: 188, 198

mulzeriana 99: 136

mundana 102: 212; 104: 238; 110: 26

murinana 97: 171; 98: 203; 104: 235

musculana 97: 176, 183; 98: 209; 99: 114;

[100: 322; 104: 235

musculinana (ssp.) 98: 209; 104: 235

myriopa 98: 195

myrrhophanes 99: 126

nannodes 103: 121; 104: 239

napaea 99: 142

nebritana (Eucosma) 111: 14

nebritana (Grapholitha) 101: 236; 102: 185,

[196, 206, 208, 213; 104: 238

nebulana 98: 206; 99: 130

nefrana 99: 109

negatana 102: 185, 195; 104: 238

neglectana 98: 216; 100: 316; 104: 235

nemorana 99: 107

neogena 98: 164; 99: 118

neogenum 99: 118

nervana 99: 123; 100: 326

nessebarana 111: 12

neurophaea 98: 218

nevadensis 99: 123; 100: 326

niconditana 98: 224

nigrana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 145

nigrana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 140

nigricana 101: 236; 102: 176, 180, 181, 182,

[185, 208; 104: 238

nigricana (ab.) (abietana) 99: 149

nigricaudana 97: 168; 98: 202; 104: 235

nigrimaculana 111: 16

nigriradix 99: 131

nigritana 102: 194; 104: 239

nigrobasis (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 209

nigrobasis (scabrana) 99: 211

nigrobrunnea 101: 253; 110: 17

nigrociliana 102: 211, 215

nigrocostana (ab.) 99: 145

(265)

nigrocristana (ab.) 99: 145

nigrodivisana (ab.) 99: 140

nigrofasciana (ab.) 99: 150; 104: 233

nigromaculana (ab.) (Acleris) 99: 151

nigromaculana (Eucosma) 111: 3, 16

nigromaculata 111: 16

nigropunctana 102: 200

nigropunctana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 145

nigropunctata (ab.) (hyerana) 98: 227

nigroruficostana (ab.) 99: 145

nigrosignana (ab.) 99: 142

nigrostriana 102: 194; 104: 238

nigrostrigana (ab.) 99: 140

nigrosubvittana (ab.) 99: 145

nigrovittana (ab.) 99: 140

nimbana (fagiglandana) 102: 190

nimbana (fasciana) 103: 119

nitidana 103: 129; 104: 239

nitidulana 103: 129

nitorana 111: 11

niveana 99: 134, 136, 137

niveicaput 111: 11

niveosana (ssp.) 99: 120; 100: 325, 327;

[104: 237

nivisellana 99: 131, 136

nobiliana (ab.) 98: 221; 104: 236

nordlandiae (f.) 98: 221; 100: 318

notana (ab.) 99: 133; 100: 329

notata 103: 119

notatana 99: 150

nougatana 102: 183

novana 108: 378

novickii 101: 246

novimundi 102: 185

nubiferana 97: 182

nubilana 98: 169, 170; 99: 119; 100: 324;

[104: 236, 237

nubilea 99: 118

nuraghana 99: 111; 100: 321

nybomi 98: 218

nyctemerana 99: 135

obcaecana (ab.) 102: 211, 215; 104: 238

obesana (Eucosma) 111: 6

obesana (Petrova) 107: 33

oblimatana 98: 218; 104: 236

obliquana 98: 205, 215

obliterana (= unifasciana) 98: 215

obliterana (ab.) (ligulana) 101: 250

obliterana (ab.) (tripunctana) 97: 206;

[99: 132; 104: 233, 234

oblongana 97: 172

obnuptana (f.) 110: 78

obraztsovi 110: 17

obscura (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 140

obscura (ab.) (hippophaéana) 99: 142

obscura (ab.) (micaceana) 98: 206

obscura (ab.) (ribeana) 98: 200; 104: 235

obscura (ab.) (rosana) 98: 207

obscurana (Dichrorampha) 101: 249

obscurana (Epiblema) 108: 377, 385

obscurana (Eucosma) 111: 14

N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae 39

obscurana (Laspeyresia) (aurana) *102: 187,

[198

obscurana (Laspeyresia) (— cosmophorana)

[102: 185

obscurana (Pammene) 103: 112, 117, 118, 123;

[104: 238

obscurana (ssp.) (cumulana) 111: 10

obscurana (ab.) (pascuana) 99: 115

obscurana (ssp.) (sedana) 99: 110; 100: 320

obscurana (ab.) (rhombana) 99: 131; 104: 234

obscurana (ab.) (ulmana) 99: 107

obscuratana 101: 247, 257

obsoletana 99: 114, 115, 116, 138; 100: 323,

[324

obsoletana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 140; 104: 233

obsoletana (ab.) (lecheana) 98: 220; 104: 235

obsoletana (ssp.) (musculana) 98: 209

obstinatana 110: 74

obtusana 99: 135, 136

obumbratana 111: 9

occultana 107: 12

ochracea (ab.) (emargana) 99: 152

ochracea (ab.) (rosana) 98: 207; 100: 311

ochreaceana 98: 224

ochreana 97: 191; 98: 211, 221, 223; 99: 132;

[100: 312; 104: 235

ochreana (ab.) (apiciana) 99: 148

ochreana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 145

ochreana (f.) (farfarae) 108: 377

ochreapunctana (ab.) 99: 145

ochreocervina 103: 134; 110: 32;

ochreofasciana (ab.) 99: 140

ochreoservina 110: 32, 33

ochreostriana (ab.) (apiciana) 99: 148

ochreovittana (ab.) 99: 140

ochriclivis 97: 220, 227; 98: 151; 99: 107

ochsenheimeriana 103: 120; 104: 239

octomaculana 99: 114, 122; 104: 237

oculatana 111: 17

ocydroma 99: 133; 100: 328

olbienana 102: 207

oleraceana 99: 114

olgana 99: 126

olivacea (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 140

olivacea (ab.) (montanana) 101: 251

olivana (ab.) 99: 151

olseniana 99: 148

ombrodelta 104: 64, 67

ongana 99: 111

onustana 98: 199

opacana 99: 139

opacana (ab.) (abietana) 99: 149; 104: 233

operana 98: 204

operosa 99: 126

oporana 97: 178, 179; 98: 200, 204, 205, 207,

[100: 310

opulentana 102: 188; 111: 16

orana 98: 219

oricasis 99: 110, 117; 100: 320, 324

orientana (Cnephasia) 99: 110; 100: 320;

[104: 237

orientana (Epiblema) 108: 383, 387

orientana (ssp.) (rosana) 98: 207; 100: 311

orientata 110: 24

ornamentana 110: 80, 85, 87

40 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968

ornata 103: 120, 125

ornatana 104: 64

orobana 102: 210, 213; 104: 239; 110: 21

orphnocycla 99: 148; 100: 332

orthioterma 98: 194

orthoxyana 99: 112; 100: 321

osmana 107: 41, 42

osseana 98: 172, 173, 226; 99: 120; 100: 325;

[104: 237

osthelderi (Acleris) 99: 142

osthelderi (Cnephasia) 99: 114

osthelderi (f.) (Eucosma) 111: 15

ottoniana (Eucosma) 111: 3, 5, 11

ottoniana (Palpocrinia) 98: 163; 99: 117

ovulana 103: 119

oxyacanthana 98: 206; 99: 119

oxycedrana 103: 115, 116, 122, 143; 104: 238

oxydroma 99: 133

oxystaura 103: 121; 110: 36

oxytropides 102: 188

oxytropidis 182: 88

pactolana 102: 181, 189, 198; 104: 238

padana 98: 201

paetulana 111: 17

paleana 97: 185, 191, 192; 98: 210, 211;

[100: 313; 104: 236

pallasana 107: 12

palleana 98: 211

pallens (ssp.) (xylosteana) 98: 205; 104: 235

pallens (ab.) (hyerana) 98: 227; 100: 319

pallida (ab.) 99: 120

pallidifrontana 102: 212

pallifrontana 102: 212; 104: 239

palmoni 99: 117

pamira 102: 184, 195

panzerana 103: 120

paradiseana 99: 153; 104: 232

paradoxa 99: 119

paraliana 99: 122; 100: 325

parastrepta 102: 194; 110: 29

parisiana 99: 136

partitanum 98: 165; 99: 118

parvana (ab.) 99: 114

parvulana (Strophedra) 103: 129

parvulana (f.) (Eucosma) 111: 9

pascivana 99: 115

pascuana 97: 220; 98: 161, 162; 99: 115, 117;

[100: 321, 323, 324; 104: 237

pasivana 98: 162; 99: 115; 100: 323

pasquagana 98: 201

pasquayana 98: 201

passadenana 107: 10

passivana 99: 115

pauperana 111: 3, 6, 12

pavonana 102: 194

paykulliana 111: 12

pectinana 98: 225

pedana 108: 381

pedemontana (ssp.) (aspersana) 99: 132

pedemontana (ssp.) (hybridana) 99: 108;

[104: 238

pencleriana 102: 190

penkleriana 102: 190

(266)

pentagonana 108: 379

pentalychna 102: 194

pentheriana 101: 253

pentziana 99: 122

penziana 98: 169, 170, 172, 173; 99: 114, 120,

[122; 100: 325

peramplana 98: 211; 100: 313

perdicina 98: 199

perfracta 104: 66

perfuscana (ab.) 99: 119

pergratana 111: 11

perlepidana 102: 209

permixtana 99: 146

permutana 99: 136; 104: 233

permutatana 99: 136

pernix 99: 143

perochreana (ab.) 98: 209; 100: 312; 104: 236

perplexana (ab.) 99: 129; 104: 234

perplexana (chrysantheana) 99: 113

perpulchrana 98: 222; 104: 236

persiae 111: 6

persicana 102: 194; 110: 21

persimilana 98: 219; 104: 235

personatana 99: 117; 104: 237

perterana 99: 113, 116, 117

petasitis 108: 381

petiverana 101: 245, 246

petiverella 101: 242, 245, 246, 248, 257;

petiverella (Dichrorampha) 101: 242, 245, 246,

[248, 257; 103: 114; 104: 240; 110: 15

petiverella (Eucosma) 111: 14

petiverellum 101: 245

pettitana 98: 195

petulantana 104: 51, 52, 53, 54, 239

peyerimhoffi (ab.) 99: 114

pfeifferi 102: 189, 198

pfisteri (Dichrorampha) 101: 252; 110: 16

pfisteri (Pelochrista) 110: 74

pflegeriana 99: 125

pflugiana 108: 375, 378

pfugiana 108: 378

phacana 102: 213; 103: 117

phaeana 98: 211

phaeoli 110: 33

phalacris 102: 184, 195

pharaonana 104: 59, 60, 61, 239

phaseoli 103: 131, 132, 133, 134; 110: 32, 33,

[34, 35

phasmatica 97: 189; 98: 210

phaulomorpha 102: 194

piceana 97: 172, 178, 179; 98: 204, 205;

[100: 310; 104: 234

pictana 108: 380

pierrelovyana 98: 223

pierretana 108: 377

pietruskii 108: 377

pillerana 99: 154

pilleriana 97: 222; 98: 180, 194, 195, 196,

[210; 99: 154; 100: 333; 104: 234

pinana 98: 209

pinetana 102: 190, 199; 103: 116; 104: 239

piniana 107: 14, 17

pinicola 107: 12

pinicolana 107: 10, 12

pinivorana 107: 10, 13, 15

(267)

pisana 102: 185

pistaciana (ab.) (mabilliana) 98: 222

placata 99: 153

placida (ssp.) 98: 216; 100: 316

placidana (Acleris) 99: 136

placidana (Thiodia) 107: 21, 23

plagiferana 98: 212

planifrontana 102: 186

platynotana 99: 153

plumbagana 101: 238, 239, 246, 251, 254, 257;

[104: 240

plumbagana 101: 247

plumbana (Acleris) 99: 134

plumbana (Aleimma) 99: 125

plumbana (Dichrorampha) 101: 241, 244,

[255, 256, 259, 260, 261; 104: 240;

[110: 13, 14

plumbatana 103: 116

plumbeana (ssp.) (argentana) 99: 120

plumbeana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 140

plumbeofasciana (ab.) 99: 140

plumbeolana 98: 220; 99: 125; 104: 235

plumbeostriana (ab.) 99: 140

plumbiferana 102: 180, 181, 184, 195;

[104: 238

plumbosana (ab.) 99: 134; 104: 233

plusiana 101: 250

podana 97: 176, 178; 98: 204, 205;

[100: 310, 311

podanus 104: 235

podoliensis 101: 242, 253

poecilana 108: 376

policolana 104: 237

polita 99: 118

politana (Argyrotaenia) 98: 202; 100: 309

politana (Dichrorampha) 101: 245, 249, 254

politana (Lathronympha) 103: 139

politum 99: 118

pollinis (ab.) 107: 48

polyxena 111: 18

pomana 102: 188

pomonella 101: 233; 102: 175, 179, 181, 182,

[183, 188, 198; 104: 239

pontica 103: 115, 116, 122, 143

populana 103: 111, 112, 118; 104: 239

porphyrocentra 99: 153

porrectana 99: 108

postchantana (ab.) 99: 145

posticana (Blastesthia) 107: 35, 38

posticana (Clepsis) 98: 215; 100: 315

postmaculana (ab.) 99: 140

potentillana (ab.) 99: 129; 104: 234

pouzatella (ab.) 98: 222

praecana 97: 220, 222; 98: 225; 104: 234

praeclarana 98: 212; 100: 314; 104: 236

praedorsana 102: 210, 214

praefactana 110: 78, 85

praefloratana 98: 202; 100: 309; 104: 235

praeviella 99: 124; 100: 326; 104: 237

pratana 99: 120

pretiosana (ab.) 99: 128; 104: 234

prismatica 102: 194

privatana 98: 219

probolias 98: 224

N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae 41

prochantana (ab.) 99: 145

procristalana (ab.) 99: 145

prodromana 97: 209, 214; 98: 226; 100: 319

prodromanus 104: 234

productana 98: 215

profana (ab.) 99: 145, 146

profanana (ab.) 99: 144, 145, 146; 104: 232

profundana 108: 376, 378, 386

profundana (ab.) 99: 145

pronuba 98: 209

pronubana 97: 176, 180, 182, 224; 98: 209;

[100: 312; 104: 236

pronuhana 104: 236

prospera 110: 31

prostriana (ab.) 99: 145

proteana (ab.) (comariana) 99: 129;

[104: 234

proteana (ab.) (tripunctana) 99: 132; 104: 233

provinciana (ab.) 99: 147; 104: 233

provittana (ab.) 99: 145

provocata 97: 175; 98: 203; 100: 310

proxanthovittana (ab.) 99: 146

proxima 101: 245; 110: 15

proximana (Acleris) 99: 153

proximana (Laspeyresia) 102: 185

proximana (Pammene) 103: 120

pruinosana (ab.) 99: 140; 104: 233

prunifoliae 102: 208

prunivorana 102: 209, 213

pryerana 108: 379, 386

pryerana (ab.) (affinitana) 99: 135

pseudoalpestrana 101: 250, 258; 104: 240

pseudoalternella (ab.) 99: 116

pseudochrysantheana (ab.) 99: 114

*pseudocinerosana (ssp.) 101: 243, 248, 257

pseudocommunana (ab.) 99: 117

*pseudoconfixana 99: 140; 100: 330

*pseudocoronana (ab.) 99: 143; 100: 331;

[104: 232, 233

pseudologiana (ab.) 99: 141

pseudolongana 99: 120

pseudomayrana (ab.) 99: 142

*pseudomodestana (ab.) 99: 108; 100: 319;

[104: 238

pseudomorpha 110: 24

pseudonectis 110: 30

pseudorthoxyana (ab.) 99: 112

pseudotypica 99: 115; 100: 324

psorana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 139

psorana (ab.) (scabrana) 99: 143; 100: 331;

[104: 233

ptichogrammos 98: 193

ptychora 110: 30

pudendana 107: 13

pudicana 102: 186

puellana 99: 108

pulchella 103: 120, 125

pulchellana 97: 152, 168; 98: 202; 100: 309;

[104: 236

pulchra 98: 220

pulmonariana 99: 115

pulverana 98: 213; 99: 136

pulverula 102: 194

pumicana 98: 161; 99: 111; 100: 321;

[104: 237

42 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968

punctana (ab.) 99: 145

puncticostana 103: 120

puncticostata 103: 120

punctiseriata 97: 195

punctulana 98: 169, 173, 175; 99: 124;

[100: 326; 104: 237

punctulella 99: 124

punicae 98: 207

pupillana 111: 8, 17

purdeyana (ab.) 99: 145

purdeyi 107: 48

purpurana (ab.) 99: 148

purpureana 103: 120, 143; 104: 239

pusillana (Epagoge) 98: 224; 100: 318

pusillana (Grapholitha) 102: 209

pusillana (Lathronympha) 103: 139

putaminana (f.) 102: 188, 198; 104: 239

pylonitis 111: 12

pyrana 98: 207; 100: 312

pyrastrana 98: 204

pyrenaea (ssp.) 99: 123

pyrenaica 99: 121

pyrivora 102: 179, 182, 189, 198

pyrivorana 99: 153; 100: 333; 104: 233

pyrophagana (f.) 99: 115; 100: 323

quadarramana 101: 256

quadrana 108: 376

quadratana 108: 376

quadridentana 99: 153

quadripunctana 99: 120

quadripunctata 99: 120

quadristriana 102: 211; 110: 25

quadrocellana 102: 194

quaestionana 101: 246, 254; 110: 15, 25

quaestonana 101: 245

querceti 103: 120

quercinana 98: 190; 99: 133; 100: 329;

[104: 234

questionana (alpinana) 101: 245

questionana (ab.) (alpinana) 101: 246;

{104: 240

quinquefasciana 99: 128

quinquemaculana (ab.) 98: 217; 104: 236

radiana (ab.) (apiciana) 99: 148

radiana (ab.) (ferrugana) 99: 133; 100: 329

radiana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 139, 140, 141;

[104: 233

*radiana (ab.) (scabrana) 99: 143; 100: 331;

[104: 233

radiana (ab.) (umbrana) 99: 137

*raebeli (ssp.) 98: 211

ragatzana (ab.) 99: 142; 104: 233

ragazana 99: 142

ramostriana (ab.) 99: 140; 104: 233

(hier steht remostriana !)

rasana (f.) 98: 221

rastrata 99: 122; 100: 325

ratifera 102: 185

ravana 108: 381

ravulana 103: 117, 123; 108: 376

reaumurana (ab.) 102: 190, 199; 104: 239

(268)

recentana 108: 365; 111: 10

recreantana 102: 194; 104: 239

rectifasciana 97: 231; 98: 155; 99: 107, 108;

[100: 319, 320; 104: 238

rectilinea (ab.) 99: 114

rediana 103: 120

rediella 103: 121

redimitana 103: 129

reducta (ab.) 99: 112

refrigescens 102: 186; 110: 20

regiana 103: 119; 104: 239

regisborissi 98: 212; 100: 314

reisseri 103: 118, 124

reisseri (= Cnephasia fragosana) 99: 110

rejectana 101: 252; 104: 240; 110: 13, 14

relictana 107: 12

remostriana (ab.) 104: 233

(Druckfehler fiir ramostriana!)

repandana 99: 149

repletana 104: 67

resedana *102: 186, 196; 103: 143 (fig.)

resinana 107: 33

resinella 107: 13, 33, 38

resplendana 101: 256; 104: 240; 110: 13

resupinatana 111: 18

retiana 98: 222

retucilana 98: 221

reticulana (Adoxophyes) 97: 196, 199, 201,

[203, 219; 100: 317; 104: 234

reticulana (= Aphelia ochreana) 98: 211;

[100: 313

reticulana (rhombana) 99: 131

reticulana (ab.) (sparsana) 99: 130; 104: 233

reticulata 98: 219; 100: 317, 327

reticulata (ab.) (rhombana) 99: 131; 104: 234

retiferana (Clepsis) 98: 215; 100: 315;

[104: 236

retiferana (Gravitarmata) 107: 42, 44, 45

retiferana (Rhyacionia) 107: 13

retractana 97: 176, 180; 98: 208; 100: 312

reynana 98: 226

rhaeticana (Dichrorampha) 101: 251;

[104: 240; 110: 18, 19

rhaeticana (Rhyacionia) 107: 13, 15

rhediana 103: 120, 121

rhediella 103: 111, 112, 120; 104: 58, 239

rheediana 104: 58

rheediella 103: 121; 104: 58

rhezelana 102: 18

rhodochropa 99: 126

rhodopa 98: 199

rhodophana 97: 231; 98: 152, 156, 157;

[99: 108; 104: 236

rhombana (Acleris) 97: 192; 98: 189;

[99: 131; 100: 317, 327; 104: 234

rhombana (Aphelia) 98: 210; 100: 312

rhombana (Clepsis) 98: 217

rhombicana 98: 217, 225

rhombicanus 104: 234

rhopica 97: 216

rhytmologa 98: 219

ribeana 97: 166; 98: 200; 100: 309, 310;

[104: 235

rielana 99: 121

(269)

rigana 98: 157, 169, 175, 177; 99: 124;

[104: 236

rigidana 111: 7, 19

rilana 101: 251

rimosana 108: 380, 386

rivulana 103: 117

rjabovi 101: 254

roborana (Archips) 98: 205

roborana (Epiblema) 108: 382

rogana 97: 196; 98: 213; 100: 315; 104: 236

rolandriana 98: 213; 100: 315; 104: 237

romanana (ab.) 99: 150; 104: 233

rosaceana 98: 207; 100: 311; 104: 235

rosae 108: 383

rosaecolana 108: 383

rosana 97: 178; 98: 204, 205, 206, 207;

[99: 127, 131; 100: 309, 311

rosanus 104: 235

roscidana 99: 130; 104: 233

roseidana 99: 130

roseticolana 102: 185, 208

rosinana 102: 195; 110: 26

rossiana 99: 143

rotundana 108: 380, 387

rubellana (ab.) 99: 148

rubescana (f.) 111: 14

rubiana 108: 383

rubicundana 97: 222; 99:

rubidana 99: 154

rubidana (ab.) (ferrugana) 99: 133;

[100: 329; 104: 234

154; 104: 234

rubrana 98: 201

rubromaculata (ab.) 98: 205

rufana (Acleris) 99: 129, 132, 133, 147, 148;

[100: 328, 332

rufana (Eucosma) 111: 9

rufana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 138

ruficostana (ab.) 99: 144, 145; 104: 232

ruficristana (ab.) 99: 145

rufifasciana (ab.) 99: 138

rufillana 102: 186

rufimaculana (ab.) (caledoniana) 99: 130

rufimaculana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 140

rufimixtana (ab.) 99: 140

rufinigrana (ab.) 99: 145

rufistrigana (ab.) 99: 140

rufivittana (ab.) 99: 140

rungsi 102: 185, 196

rureana 97: 175

ruriana 98: 214; 100: 315

rushana 110: 80, 88

rusticana 98: 213, 224; 100: 314, 318;

[108: 376

sabulana (ab.) 99: 132

sabulosa 100: 324

*saerdabana 111: 17

sagittana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 145

sagittana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 140

salicetana 101: 246

saltitans 102: 183

salvana 102: 185; 103: 116, 121; 104: 239

sappadana 104: 54, 55

sapporensis 97: 154; 98: 199

N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae 43

sardiniana107: 21, 23

sardivola (ssp.) 99: 151

sardoensis 111: 16

sareptana 107: 27, 28, 29

sarmatana 108: 377

sarthana 98: 216;

saturana 98: 226

saturnana (= montanana) 101: 251; 110: 14

saturnana (ab.) (plumbana) 101: 255, 261;

[104: 240

sauberiana (ab.) 98: 204; 104: 235

saussureana 111: 14

scabrana 99: 128, 136, 137, 139, 141, 142,

[143; 100: 330; 104: 232

scabrana (ab.) (emargana) 99: 152; 104: 232

scabrana (ab.) (literana) 99: 158

schalleriana 98: 190; 99: 128, 129, 132, 134;

[100: 327, 329; 104: 233, 234

schatzmanni 101: 251

schawerdae 98: 222

schawerdai 99: 124

schlemmerella 99: 124

schrankiana 102: 209

schreberiana 99: 128

schumacherana 99: 107; 100: 319

scintillana 102: 206, 211, 215; 104: 238;

[110: 66

100: 316; 104: 235

scopaliana 111: 8

scopoliana (Epiblema) 108: 365, 375

scopoliana (Eucosma) 111: 7, 8,9

scopolianum 111: 8

scorzonerana 111: 9, 19

scotana (ab.) 99: 137; 104: 233

scoticana (ab.) 99: 140

scriptana 104: 64

scrophulariana (ab.) 98: 210; 100: 313;

[104: 236

scrutatrix 97: 195

scutana 111: 9

scutellana (Aphelia) 98: 212; 100: 314

scutiformis 111: 7

scutulana (Epiblema) 108: 374, 376, 377,

[378, 386

sebastianiae 102: 183

seclusa 99: 126

sedana 98: 161; 99: 109, 110; 100: 320, 324;

[104: 237

sedatana 101: 255, 261

seditiosa 98: 206

seeboldi 107: 25, 27

seeboldianus 98: 225

seeboldiana104: 234

segetana (ab.) 99: 111; 104: 237

segnis 99: 126

selasana (ab.) 99: 133; 100: 329; 104: 234

selectana 103: 125, 126, 143; 104: 239

selenana 102: 210; 104: 239

selliferana 102: 206, 210, 214; 104: 239

semialbana 97: 196; 98: 214; 100: 315;

[104: 235

semiana (ssp.?) 98: 215

semibruneata 99: 110

semibrunneata 99: 110

semicinctana 102: 180, 181, 191, 199;

[104: 239

44 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968

seminigra (ab.) 99: 112

seminotata 103: 121

semirombana 99: 134

semistriana (ab.) 99: 145

semistructa 98: 219

semitexta 99: 153

semiustana (ab.) 99: 145

senecionana 98: 213; 100: 314; 108: 379

senectana 101: 243, 247, 257; 104: 240

separana (f.) 108: 376, 384

separatana 102: 189

sepiana (ab.) 99: 145

sequana 101: 243, 245, 248; 104: 239, 240

sequana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 145; 104: 232,

[233

seriana 110: 76, 84

sericana 101: 253; 104: 240

sericana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 146; 104: 232

servillana 102: 176, 178, 180, 181, 187, 198;

[104: 238

servilleana 102: 187

sescuplana 98: 219

severana 98: 216; 104: 235

shanghainana 98: 220

sheldonana (ab.) 99: 140

sheljuzhkoi (Acleris) 99: 149; 100: 332

sheljuzhkoi (Dichrorampha) 101: 253, 260

shepherdana 99: 134; 104: 234

simulata 107: 13, 16

siciliana 98: 216; 104: 236

siennicolor (ab.) 99: 114

signana (ab.) 99: 139

significantana 111: 6, 18

similana (Cnephasia) 100: 323

similana (Epiblema) 108: 376, 377, 379, 385,

[386

similana (ab.) (apiciana) 99: 148; 104: 233

similis 99: 131

simillimana 102: 212

simonyi 98: 219; 104: 235

simplicana 101: 249, 254, 258

simpliciana 101: 249; 104: 240; 110: 15

simploniana 108: 376, 380

simpsoni (f.) 102: 188, 198

simulana (f.) 97: 179; 98: 208

simutata 107: 14

sinana 102: 205, 212, 215; 104: 238

sinapina 98: 217; 100: 316; 104: 235

sineana 98: 221

sinensis (ssp.) (Cerace) 98: 200

sinensis (Eucosma) 111: 13

sinicana 108: 375, 384

sinuana 99: 112, 113, 115, 121

slavana (ab.) 101: 245

snellenana 103: 121, 125

socialis (f.) 98: 208

solandriana 100: 314; 108: 366, 383

solida 98: 206

sorbiana 97: 178; 98: 207; 100: 310, 311;

[104: 235

sordicomana 111: 6

soriana 98: 215; 104: 237

southiana (ab.) 99: 146

spadiceana 107: 13

spadiceana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 144, 146

(270)

spargotis (ssp.) 98: 208

sparsana 98: 193; 99: 130, 142, 143;

[100: 317, 319, 327, 333; 104: 233

sparsana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 145

sparsana (Eucosma) 111: 12

sparsana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 138, 140

speciosana (ab.) 99: 142

spectrana 97: 185, 196; 98: 215; 100: 315,

[316; 104: 235

spectrana (ab.) (boscana) 99: 136; 104: 233

spectrana (ab.) (logiana) 99: 137

spinetorum 103: 118

spiniana 103: 118, 124;

spixiana 98: 227

splendana 102: 183, 190, 199; 104: 239

splendana (ab.) (rosana) 98: 207; 100: 311

splendidana 102: 190; 103: 116

splendidulana 103: 116; 104: 239

sponsana 99: 130, 153; 100: 327

squamana (ab.) (literana) 99: 150, 151;

[104: 233

squammulana (ab.) (literana) 99: 150, 151

squamulana (ab.) (literana) 99: 150, 151;

[104: 233

104: 239

stachi 99: 131

stagnana 98: 213

*staintoni 98: 219; 100: 316; 104: 235

staudingeri 99: 152

steinerana 98: 217

steineriana 98: 213, 217; 100: 315; 104: 236

steliferana 101: 254

stelliferana 101: 245

stelviana 99: 120

stenochorda 98: 226; 100: 319

*stenoptera (ab.) 98: 211; 100: 313

stephensiana 99: 113

stereomorpha 98: 223; 100: 318

stibiana 99: 127; 100: 326; 104: 236

sticticana (Epiblema) 108: 376, 378, 385

sticticana (Pammene) 103: 118

stigmatana 98: 211; 104: 236

stipatana 97: 152, 154, 157; 98: 195

stramentana 99: 108; 104: 238

straminea 98: 222

straminea (ab.) (gnomana) 98: 222

stramineana 98: 213; 100: 316

stramineana (ab.) (strigana) 98: 217;

[104: 235

strandiana (ab.) 102: 210

strangulana 103: 119

stratana 99: 111

striana (strigana) 98: 217

striana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 144, 145, 146;

[104: 232

striana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 140

*striana (ab.) (scabrana) 99: 143; 100: 331

striata (ab.) (lorquiniana) 99: 148

striatana 102: 189, 199

striatana (ab.) (lorquiniana) 99: 148

striatiradix 111: 13

striatulana 98: 219

strigana (Clepsis) 98: 217; 100: 316;

[104: 235, 236

strigana (Dichrorampha) 101: 254

strigana (Eucosma) 111: 8

(271)

strigana (Latronympha) 103: 136, 138, 139;

[104: 238

strigana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 139

strigulana 99: 147

striolana 98: 217; 104: 235

strobilana (Dichrorampha) 101: 246

strobilana (Pammene) 103: 116

strobilana (Pseudotomoides) 102: 202

strobilella (Pammene) 103: 111, 116, 117

strobilella (Pseudotomoides) 102: 200

strobilellus 102: 201, 202; 104: 238

strobitella 102: 202

stroemiana 108: 378, 385, 386

stryriacana 99: 113 (Druckfehler für styriacana)

styriacana 99: 113

stygiana (ab.) 98: 209

styriacana 99: 113, 114, 120, 121

styx (ab.) 99: 112

suavana (ab.) 99: 151; 104: 233

subalboflammana (ab.) 99: 146

subaurantiana 98: 227

subcapucina (ab.) 99: 146

subcapuzina (ab.) 99: 146

subchantana (ab.) 99: 146

subclarana (f.) 98: 201

*subcoprana (ab.) 99: 154; 100: 333

subcostana 98: 215; 104: 236

subcristalana (ab.) 99: 146

subcristana (ab.) 99: 140; 104: 233

subdivisana (ab.) 99: 141

suberana 103: 116

subfasciana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 141

subfasciana (ab.) (ministrana) 99: 109;

[104: 236

subfascianus 99: 104

subferruginea (ab.) 99: 138

subfulvovittana (ab.) 99: 146

*subgrisea (ab.) 99: 141; 100: 330

subhastiana (ab.) 99: 141

subjectana 98: 162; 99: 117

subjunctana 98: 221; 104: 236

sublimana 108: 380

sublucidana 111: 9

subnigrana (ab.) 99: 146

subradiana (ab.) 99: 141

subrigidana 108: 381

subrufana (ab.) 98: 205; 104: 235

subscabrana (ab.) 99: 141

subsequana 101: 247, 251

subsidiaria 98: 208

subsponsana (ab.) 99: 142

substriana (ab.) 99: 141, 146; 104: 232

substrigana 98: 217

subterminana 110: 74

subtiliana 110: 78

subtripunctulana 99: 131

subunicolorana (ab.) 99: 146

subvittana (f.) (cana) 111: 8

subvittana Sheldon (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 141

subvittana Stephens (ab.) (hastiana) 104: 232

succedana 102: 181, 184, 185, 195; 104: 238

succineana 110: 70, 78, 84

sucineana 110: 78

sudorana (ab.) 99: 147

sudoriana (ab.) 99: 147; 104: 233

N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae 45

suffusana 108: 382, 383

suffusana (ab.) (literana) 99: 150

suffusana (ab.) (maccana) 99: 149

sulfatarana (ab.) 99: 120

sulphurana 107: 17, 21, 23

sumptuosana (Laspeyresia) 102: 195

sumptuosana (Pseudargyrotoza) 98: 228

suomiana 111: 16

suppurpuratum 97: 218

suspectana 103: 118, 123; 104: 239

sutschana 98: 219; 100: 317

suttneriana (ab.) 99: 125; 104: 236

sybillana 111: 12

sylvana 98: 202

sylvestrana 107: 13, 38, 46, 47, 48

sylvicolana 101: 246, 250, 255, 256, 261

taeniodesma 98: 225

tagarica (ssp.) 111: 16

tamerlana 101: 253, 258; 110: 17

tanacetana 101: 247

tanaceti 101: 247, 251, 253, 255, 258

tapaishani 98: 213

taradana 111: 13

tarandana 111: 13

tarica (f.) 111: 11

taurominana 99: 111; 100: 321

teleopa 107: 12, 14, 15

teliferana 103: 139; 111: 18

tenebrana 102: 195; 104: 238

tenebriosana 102: 185

tenebrosana 102: 185, 208; 104: 238

tephromorpha 99: 147; 100: 332

terebrana 99: 110; 100: 320

termias 98: 206

terreana 98: 224; 100: 315

terstrigana 102: 212

teshionis 98: 208

tessulatana 107: 33, 34, 35, 36

testaceana (ferrugana) 99: 133

testaceana (ssp.) (decretana) 98: 204

testaceanus (ssp.) (decretana) 104: 235

tetragonana 108: 379, 382

tetragrammana 102: 212, 215

tetraonis 98: 199

tetraplana 111: 17

tetraploca 104: 67

textana 98: 200

tharsaleopa 98: 204; 100: 310

tholera 110: 79

thuriferana 103: 116, 122

thurificana (ssp.) 107: 12

tianshanica 99: 116; 110: 16

tibetana (ssp.) (Exapate congelatella) 99: 119

tibetana (Pelochrista) 110: 80, 85

tibialana 108: 375

tigricolor 99: 126

timana 110: 22, 23

tinacriana 111: 3, 11

tofina 99: 111; 100: 321

tolana (ab.) 99: 146

tolerana 110: 76

tomiana 103: 117, 123; 104: 238

46 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968

toreuta 102: 182

tornimaculana 110: 68, 73, 77, 82

torquana 99: 149

torrana 101: 255, 260

tortricea 99: 118

tortricella 97: 220; 98: 161, 165; 99: 118

tortricellus 104: 237

tragoditis 98: 223

transapiciana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 146

transapiciana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 141

transcaspica (ssp.) 100: 324

transitana (ab.) 98: 202, 203

translucida 99: 126

transversana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 146

transversana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 141

trasias 102: 195

trauniana 103: 111, 113, 119; 104: 239

treitscheana 100: 318

treitschkeana 98: 223; 100: 318; 104: 234

treueriana 99: 136, 137

treueriana (ab.) (literana) 99: 150, 151

treveriana 99: 136, 137

triana 99: 132

tricentra 110: 30

trichocrossa 110: 24, 31

trichosema 104: 67

trichroa 97: 175

tricolorana (ab.) 99: 150, 151; 104: 233

tricuneana (ab.) 102: 194; 104: 239

trifasciana 98: 209; 99: 107

trigeminana 108: 376, 377

trigeminanum 108: 376

trigonana (Acleris) 99: 134

trigonana (Pammene) 103: 118, 124

trigonana (Tortrix) 99: 126

trigonella 102: 191

trimaculana (Acleris) 99: 133; 100: 329

trimaculana (Epiblema) 108: 382, 383

trimaculata (ab.) 99: 150

trinacriana 111: 11

trinotana 103: 119

tripoliana 111: 14

tripsiana 98: 219

tripunctana (Acleris) 99: 132; 100: 327, 328,

[329; 104: 233, 234

tripunctana (Epiblema) 108: 366, 382

tripunctana (ab.) (logiana) 99: 137

tripunctulana (ab,) 99: 133; 100: 329

trisignana 110: 66, 70, 74

trisignana (ab.) (logiana) 99: 137

tristana (Acleris) 99: 130, 134

tristana (Grapholitha) 102: 208

tristana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 141; 104: 233

tristana (f.) (hepaticana) 108: 379

tristana (ssp.) (internana) 102: 212, 215

tristana (ab.) (maccana) 99: 149

tristana (ab.) (sparsana) 99: 130

tristrami 99: 110; 104: 237

trivia 98: 216

trivittana (ab.) 99: 141

trophiodes 103: 134; 110: 32, 33

tscheliana 107: 21

tshetverikovi 110: 16

tshimgana 101: 246

tundrana 111: 12

(272)

tunicatana 99: 153

turatiana (ab.) 98: 222

turbidana 108: 371, 373, 381

turbitana 108: 381

turiana 110: 74, 75, 82, 83

turionana 107: 11, 12, 38

turionella 107: 11, 12, 37, 38

tussilaginana 108: 381

typhlodes 101: 247

tyrrhaenica 99: 123

ubagonana 98: 213

uddmanniana 108: 366, 369, 372, 375, 383,

[387

uhagonana 98: 213

uhagoni (ab.) 98: 213; 100: 315; 104: 236

ulicana 101: 255

ulicetana (ab.) 102: 184, 195; 104: 238

uliginosana (ab.) 99: 148; 104: 234

ulmana 98: 152; 99: 107; 100: 319; 103: 124;

[104: 238; 107: 11

ulmana (f.) (boscana) 99: 136; 104: 233

ulmicola 99: 136; 100: 330

ulotana (ab.) 99: 146

umbraculana (f.) 110: 72

umbrana 99: 137; 104: 232

umbratana 111: 10

umbrosa 97: 186, 188, 189, 191, 231

undana 98: 203

undosa 101: 245

undulana 98: 203; 99: 154; 100: 333;

[104: 233

undulata 99: 128

unguicella 104: 64

unicolor 101: 250

unicolor (ab.) (chondrillana) 98: 202

unicolor (ab.) (gnomana) 98: 222

unicolor (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 141

unicolorana 97: 195, 196; 98: 213; 100: 315;

[104: 236

unicolorana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 146

*unicolorana (ab.) (fimbriana) 99: 147;

{100: 332

unicolorana (f.) (foenella) 108: 376, 384

unicolorana (ab.) (rhombana) 99: 131

unifasciana 97: 185, 193, 196, 198;

[98: 215, 216; 100: 316, 317; 104: 235, 236

uniformana 99: 116

uniformata (ab.) 99: 140

uniformis 99: 143

uniformis (ab.) (variegana) 99: 135

unipunctana 98: 210; 100: 312, 313

unitana 98: 210

uralensis 101: 255

urbana 103: 139; 111: 13

ursulana 111: 12

urticana 98: 203

ussuriana (ssp.) (Eucosma) 111: 16

ussuriana (ssp.) (Eucosmomorpha) 104: 58

ustomaculana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 146

ustomaculana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 141

ustulana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 146

ustulana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 141

(273):

vacivana 101: 255

valderiana (f.) 99: 109; 100: 320

vallifica 98: 208; 100: 312 y

vana 103: 141, 142, 143; 104: 238; 110: 36

variana 98: 206

variegana 99: 135; 100: 330; 104: 233

variegana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 141; 104: 233

variegata (ab.) 99: 142

variostriana (ab.) 99: 142

vaughaniana (ab.) 99: 146

venansoni (ab.) 99: 121

verbascana 98: 211; 100: 313

verecundana 111: 18

vermicularis 98: 226

vernana (= snellenana) 103: 121

vernana (ab.) (argyrana) 103: 117, 123;

[104: 239

vertheimsteini 99: 123

veterana 99: 142

veterana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 141; 104: 232

vetulana 99: 112, 130, 321; 104: 237

vexilla 102: 195

viardi 99: 122

viburnana 98: 210, 221

viburnana (ab.) (schalleriana) 99: 134

viburniana 97: 185, 189, 191, 192;

[98: 210, 211, 221; 100: 312; 104: 236

vicariana 98: 207

viciana 102: 185

victoriana 111: 10, 20

viduana 98: 202

vigeliana 103: 129

vinculana 98: 215; 100: 316

violaceana 99: 134

violascens 98: 227

virescana 98: 219

virgaureana 98: 161, 163; 99: 112, 114, 115,

[122; 100: 323; 104: 237

virgaurenana 99: 114

virginana 98: 161, 162; 99: 112

virginiana 104: 237

virgulana (ab.) 99: 132

viridana 98: 180, 181, 182, 184, 211; 99: 125;

[104: 236

viridochraceum 97: 218

vitis 99: 154

vittana (ab.) (cristana) 99: 146; 104: 232

vittana (ab.) (hastiana) 99: 137

voluta 97: 189

vulgana 98: 224

vulgaris (ab.) 99: 114

vulnerata (Laspeyresia) 102: 193

N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae 47

vulnerata (Pentacitrotus) 97: 152

vulpeculana 98: 204; 100: 311

vulpisana (ab.) 98: 201; 104: 235

wahlbaumiana 99: 112, 113

wahlbomiana (Cnephasia) 99: 110, 112, 113,

AUS NU IO 0:23 2250323

wahlbomiana (Epiblema) 108: 377

wahlbomiana (Sciaphila) 98: 162

walbomiana 100: 323; 99: 115

walkerana 98: 226

walkeri 98: 226

walkeriana 98: 226

walsinghami 107: 10, 13, 15

washiyai 107: 12, 15

wassiana 98: 218

webbiana (ab.) 99: 146

weberana 104: 64

weirana 103: 128; 104: 239

wertheimsteini 98: 172; 99: 123

westriniana 98: 205

westwoodiana 111: 9

wilkinsoni 99: 113; 100: 322, 323

wimmerana 111: 15

wimmeriana 111: 12, 15

wöberana 104: 64

woeberana 104: 64

woeberiana 104: 61, 64

wolfschligeriana (ab.) 99: 148

xanthocosma 98: 195

xanthoides 98: 195; 99: 154; 100: 333

xanthomitra 100: 318

xanthovittana (ab.) 99: 144, 146

xylosteana (Archips) 97: 166, 175, 179;

[98: 201, 204, 205, 206; 107: 11, 12

xylosteana (Acleris) 99: 131

xylosteanus 104: 235

xylostiana 98: 205

xylotoma 98: 215; 104: 236

zachana (Dichrorampha) 101: 255

zachana (Eucosma) 111: 14

zebeana 102: 188; 104: 238

zelleri 103: 117, 123

zelleriana 108: 381

zermattana (ssp?) 101: 254

zygogramma 102: 195; 110: 29, 30

10.

12:

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968 (274)

POSTHUMOUS PUBLICATIONS OF THE LATE Dr. N. S. OBRAZTSOV

. Neotropical Microlepidoptera, IX. Revision of genus Pseudatteria (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). —

Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. (no 3535) 118: 577—622, Fig. 1—12, Pl. 1—43, 1966.

. Neotropical Microlepidoptera XI. Revision of genus Idolatteria (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). —

Loc. cit. (no. 3543) 119: 1—12, PI. 1—8, 1966.

. On the correct usage of two names of the genus-group in the Tortricidae, with the proposal of

a new generic name (Lepidoptera).— Entomologist's Gazette 17: 141—147, 1966.

. Genera Tortricidarum. Check list of the genera and subgenera belonging to the families

Tortricidae (Ceracidae, Chlidanotidae, Schoenotidae and Olethreutidae included) and Phalo-

niidae. — Journ. New York Ent. Soc. 75: 1—11, 3.V.1967.

. Some apocryphal species of the Tortricinae (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae). — Loc. cit. 75: 34, 1966.

. Notes on the genus Homonopsis V. Kuznetsov (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae). — Ent. Berichten 27:

173—175, 1967.

. Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae III. Addenda & Corrigenda, 2, Teil. Notes on

the Palaearctic Laspeyresiini. — Tijdschrift voor Ent. 110: 13—36, Fig. 1—2, Pl. 1—2, 1967.

. Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae. II. Die Unterfamilie Olethreutinae, 7. Teil.

Tribus Eucosmini (Heinr. 1923). Fortsetzung. — Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 110: 65—88,

Fig. 1—24, Pl. 3—10.

. Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae. II. Die Unterfamilie Olethreutinae. Tribus

Eucosmini (Heinr. 1923), 8. Teil und Schluss, mit einem Gesamtregister auf alle Teile, zusam-

mengestellt von B. J. Lempke. — The present article.

In press:

Descriptions and records of South Asiatic Laspeyresiini (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae).

Notes on and descriptions of Aphelia, Clepsis and Choristoneura species (Lepidoptera, Tortri-

cidae).

Records and descriptions of Palaearctic and South Asiatic Laspeyresiini (Lepidoptera, Tortri-

cidae).

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968

PLAAT

Taf. 1. Eucosma-Arten. Abb. 1, Eucosma sordicomana Stgr., &, Prip. No. M 742, Mti Simbruini, Italien

(Mus. München). Abb. 2, Eucosma medullana Stgr., è, Ohrid Umgebung, Mazedonien, 700 m, 27.VI.1954

(J. Thurner), Prip. No. 67 (Mus. Wien). Abb. 3, Epiblema significantana Kennel, Lectotypus, 4, Präp.

No. B33, Mazedonien (Kr.) (Mus. Berlin). Abb. 4, Epiblema gypsatana Kennel, Typus &, Präp. 5730,

“Achr.”, Anatolien, 1900 (Caradja, No. 2011, WIsm. No. 71784). (BM). Abb. 5, Grapholitha rigidana

Snellen, 4, Lectotypus, Insel Askold, 1878, Prip. No. 2638 (Mus. Leiden)

N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968 PLAAT 2

Taf. 2. Eucosma-Arten. Abb. 1, Epiblema significantana Kennel, Allolectotypus, 9, Beirut,

Syrien, Präp. B. 34 (Mus. Berlin). Abb. 2, Epiblema monstratana Rebel, Lectoallotypus, ©,

Schaufigg bei Chur, 1600 m, 16.VII.1903 (G. Stange), Präp. No. V. 28 (Mus. Wien).

Abb. 3, Epiblema jerusalemana Amsel, ©, Paratypus, Kasr el Jehud, Jordan, 7.1II.1930

(H. G. Amsel) (Mus. Miinchen).

N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968 PLAAT 3

Taf. 3. Eucosma-Arten. Abb. 1, Eucosma albuneana Zeller, ®, Span, Marokko, Ketama, 1500—1600

m, Mitte VI.1941 (W. Marten) (Mus. Wien). Abb. 2, Ewcosma scutiformis Meyr., Kwanshien,

China, VII.1928 (F. M. Frank), 9, Präp., 6858. Abb. 3, Dasselbe, Detail von Bursa copulatrix,

stärker vergrößert. Abb. 4, Dasselbe, Detail von Ostium und Antrum, stärker vergrößert. Abb. 5,

Epiblema monstratana Rebel, Lectoallotypus, ®, Schaufigg bei Chur, 1600 m, 16.VII.1903

(G. Stange), Falter. Abb. 6, Dasselbe, &, Falter

N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968 PLAAT 4

Taf. 4. Eucosma-Arten. Abb. 1, Epiblema monstratana Rebel, Lectotypus, 3, Präp.

No. 2048, Schaufigg bei Chur, 1600 m, 16.VII.1903 (G. Stange) (Mus. Wien).

Abb. 2, Epiblema expallidana balatonana Osth., Lectotypus, 4, Präp. M. 1053, Vörs,

Comit. Somogy, Ungarn, 9.VII.1931 (L. Osthelder), Falter. Abb. 3, Dasselbe, Lecto-

typus, Genitalien (Mus. Miinchen)

N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968 PLAAT 5

Taf. 5. Eucosma-Arten. Abb. 1, E. umbratana Stgr., 4, Armenien, Präp. M. 856 (Mus. München).

Abb. 2, Eucosma fervidana Zeller, 4, Wippach, 1854, Präp. No. V. 62 (Mus. Wien). Abb. 3,

Eucosma flavispecula Kuzn., Illmitz, Burgenland, Österreich, 11.VII.1954 (H. Reisser). (A.M.N.H.).

Abb. 4, Eucosma güntheri Tgstr., “Eppelsh.”’, Prip. No. 23-Obr. 8/8.1960 (Mus. München).

Abb. 5, Eucosma (Eucosma) flavispecula Kuzn., dasselbe wie Abb. 3, Genitalien.

N. S. OBRAZISOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968

PLAAT 6

Taf. 6. Eucosma-Arten. Abb. 1, Epiblema victoriana Kennel, Lectoallotypus, 2 (kein abdomen),

Sajan (Mus. Berlin). Abb. 2, Dieselbe Art, Lectotypus, 4, Sajan, Präp. No. B. 27 (Mus. Berlin).

Abb. 3, Dieselbe Art, 4, Lectotypus, Sajan, Falter. Abb. 4, Epiblema recentana Zerny, Lecto-

typus, 4, N. Libanon, Cedern b. Bechamé, 1900 m, 12—19.VI.1931 (H. Zerny). Abb. 5, Thiodia

niveicaput Wals., Lectoallotypus, 9, Japan, Pryer, 1886 (No. 70100), Prip. 6325 (BM). Abb. 6,

Semasia amellana Preissecker, Lectotypus, 4, Bisamberg b. Wien, 7.VIII.1903, Präp. No. V. 39

(Mus. Wien)

N. S, Opraztsov : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968 PLAAT 7

Taf. 7. Eucosma-Arten. Abb. 1, Palpocrinia ottoniana Kennel, &, Holotypus, Lobnoor, Präp.

B 1 (Mus. Berlin). Abb. 2, Thiodia niveicaput Wlsm., 4

Präp. No. 6325 (BM). Abb. 3, Dieselbe Art, 9, Japan, Pryer, 1886, No. 70102, No. 6306

(BM). Abb. 4, Eucosma brachyclista Meyr., 4, Nanking, China 28.IX.1933 (K.), Präp. No.

6843 (BM). Abb. 5, Dieselbe, Falter. Abb. 6, Semasia sparsana Rebel, Holotypus, 4, Ankara,

VI.1934 (H. Noack), Präp. No. V. 25 (Mus. Wien)

, Japan, Pryer, 1886, No. 70099,

N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968

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Die Gattungen der

S. OBRAZTSOV :

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968 PLAAT 9

Taf. 9. Eucosma-Arten. Abb. 1, Semasia amellana Preissecker, Lectoallotypus, 9, Mödling, Oster-

reich, 19.VIII.1908 (Richardhof), Präp. No. V. 40 (Mus. Wien). Abb. 2, Semasia krygeri Rebel, 9,

Lectotypus, “410, Bramnes, Sjaelland, Artemisia maritima Galle, 2.VI.1935 (Kryger), 19.VI.1935”,

Prip. No. V. 34 (Mus. Wien). Abb. 3, Thiodia intacta Wlsm., Holotypus, 4, Japan, 1886, Pryer,

No. 70172 (BM). Abb. 4, Eucosma (Phaneta) galactica Obr. n.n., Holotypus, 4, Emba, Uralsk,

Prip. M. 1042 (Mus. Miinchen)

N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae

PLAAT 10

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968

1 “qqv SI sorjea “IGO vurgopsops Ivurjpidud (viaurqd) vuisoma ‘y ‘qq (ME) 1899 ON ‘derd ‘(2u0H) ZE6I ounf ‘00€

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Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae

N. S. OBRAZTSOV :

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 1, 1968 PLAAT 11

Taf. 11. Eucosma-Arten. Abb. 1, Semasia sardoensis Rebel, Lectotypus, 6, Uras, Sardinien, 16.X.1934

(Predota), Präp. No. V. 37 (Mus. Wien). Abb. 2, Hemimene marmarocyma Meyrick, 4, Tien-Mu-

Shan, China, 5300’, June 1932 (Hone), Präp. No. 6681 (BM). Abb. 3, dasselbe wie Abb. 1, Falter.

Abb. 4, Eucosma (Phaneta) pupillana saerdabana Obr., Allotypus, ®, Persia S., Elburs Mts., Särdab-

Tal, Vandarban, 1900-2200 m, 10—14.V11.1937 (E. Pfeiffer & W. Forster), Präp. 2-Obr. 8/8/58

(Mus. München). Abb. 5, Ewcosma (Phaneta) tetraplana Möschl., 3, Achyr Dagh. s., Bertiz Jaila,

1800 m. 9—13.VI.1929, Marash, N. Syrien (E. Pfeiffer) (Mus. München)

N. S. OBRAZTSOV : Die Gattungen der palaearktischen Tortricidae

pro ETTI Sen ad C È

3 (E? - | 7 | > Oo Ü > DES

DEEL 111 AFLEVERING 2 1968

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FR. CHRYSANTHUS O.F.M. CAP. — Spiders from South New Guinea X, pp. 49—74,

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SPIDERS FROM SOUTH NEW GUINEA X

FR. CHRYSANTHUS O.F.M. Cap.

Oosterhout (N.B.)

Abstract

In the present paper, being the last part of this series, 21 species belonging to the family

Salticidae are dealt with. All have been collected by Br. Monulf in the environs of Merauke

(1956-1957) and Mindiptana (1958—1965). The species discussed are: Linus fimbriatus

(Doleschall), Bavia aericeps Simon, Diolenius amplectens Thorell, Cytaea frontaligera (Thorell),

C. nimbata (Thorell), C. mitellata (Thorell), Euryattus bleekeri (Doleschall), E. porcellus Thorell,

Trite longula (Thorell), Sandalodes bernsteini (Thorell), Bathippus macrognathus (Thorell),

B. papuanus (Thorell), Palpelius beccarii (Thorell), Plexippus paykullit (Audouin), Zenodorus

durvillii (Walckenaer), Mopsus mormon Karsch, Poecilorchestes decoratus Simon, Cosmophasis

bitaeniata (Keyserling), C. micarioides (L. Koch), Dendryphantes laticeps Strand and Menemerus

bivittatus (Dufour).

À list of all species discussed in this series is added.

Acknowledgements

I wish to express my sincere thanks to the following colleagues who kindly sent me

material for study from their respective museums: Dr. L. van der Hammen (Rijks-

museum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden), Dr. O. Kraus (Senckenberg Museum,

Frankfurt a.M.; at some places indicated as SMF in the text), Dr. G. Rack (Zoologisches

Museum, Hamburg), Dr. D. Guiglia (Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Genova), Dr.

M. Hubert (Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris), Mr. D. J. Clark (British

Museum, Natural History, London), and Dr. J. Cooreman and Mr. J. Kekenbosch (In-

stitut royal des sciences naturelles de Belgique, Bruxelles).

À special word of thanks is due to Dr. L. van der Hammen for his continuous help

and advice in my study of the New Guinean spiders during the last ten years.

Furthermore I am grateful to the Netherlands Organization for the Advancement ot

Pure Research (Z.W.O.) and to the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, for grants

which enabled me to study the rich Thorell collection in Genoa.

ECRIBELLATAE (concluded)

SALTICIDAE

PLURIDENTATI

Boethinae

Linus Peckham, 1885

Linus fimbriatus (Doleschall, 1859)

Fig. 1—6

Doleschall, 1859, Act. Soc. Sci. Ind.-Neerl. 5: 22, Pl. 5 Fig. 8, 28 (Salricus).

Thorell, 1878, Ann. Mus. civ. stor. nat. Genova 13: 269, & (Siris).

, 1881, ibid. 17: 499, 2 (Siris).

Simon, 1901, Hist, nat. Araignées 2: 411, Fig. 435—443, 4.

50 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 2, 1968

Fig. 1—6, Linus fimbriatus (Doleschall). 1, 9; 2, id. abdomen, ventral view; 3, id. cephalothorax,

lateral view; 4, id. tibia, lateral view; 5, id. epigyne; 6, id. vulva. Fig. 711. Bavia aericeps Simon.

7, 9; 8, id. abdomen, ventral view; 9, id. epigyne; 10, 6, left palp, ventral view; 11, id. part of

left palp, lateral view. Fig. 1—3: X 7; 4: X 5; 5: X 35; 6: X 60: 7, “Sir X 3:

10, 11: X 40

FR. CHRYSANTHUS : Spiders from South New Guinea X il

Three females from Merauke (1956—1957) are identical with the female of this

species in the Doleschall collection (Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden),

probably the holotype; their body length varies from 7.5—9.0 mm.

The type locality is Amboina, the species has also been recorded from Ceylon to

New Guinea and Australia, and even from Madagascar (Roewer, 1954: 935; Bonnet,

1957: 2482).

Thiodininae

Bavia Simon, 1877

Bavia aericeps Simon, 1877

Fig. 711

Simon, 1877, Ann. Soc. ent. France (5) 7: 61, 4.

L. Koch, 1879, Arachn. Austr. 1 (2): 1146, Pl. 99 Fig. 6, 7, 2 8 (Acompse suavis).

Simon, 1901, Hist. nat. Araignées 2: 470, Fig. 529—531, 4.

In the Zoologisches Museum, Hamburg, two syntypes of L. Koch’s Acompse suavis

are preserved, viz. one adult and one young female. Simon established the synonymy

of this species with his Bavia aericeps; in “Berichtigungen”, published in 1883 at the end

of “Die Arachniden Australiens” (vol. 1 (2): 1477), Keyserling said: “Herr E. Simon

war so liebenswürdig mir mitzuteilen, dass Acompse suavis L. K. p. 1146, identisch sei

mit der von ihm beschriebenen Bavia acriceps”.

I could compare a Bavia female (12 mm) from Merauke (1956—1957) with Koch's

syntypes: they are identical, my specimen being somewhat darker; Koch mentioned this

darker form. His figure of the epigyne (Fig. 6d) is misleading: in the adult syntype

it is as in my Fig. 9; in Fig. 6a he omitted the lateral notches in the labium.

The male syntype is lost. Three males (11—14 mm) from Mindiptana (1959) fully

agree with Koch’s description and figures; the pattern is as in the female, the colours

are darker.

The type locality of aericeps is Manila (Philippines); Koch's specimens of szavis

originated from Huahine, Rayatea, Tahiti. The geographical distribution extends from

Sumatra and the Philippines into the Pacific area (Roewer, 1954: 979; Bonnet, 1955:

871).

Diolenius Thorell, 1869

Diolenius amplectens Thorell, 1881

Fig. 12—18

Thorell, 1881, Ann. Mus. civ. stor. nat. Genova 17: 412, 9.

Several Diolenius females from Mindiptana (1958—1965) fully agree with Thorell’s

description and with types from the Aru Is. and Ramoi Riv. (Vogelkop, New Guinea)

(Genoa Museum); the central part of the epigyne may be uniform brownish yellow.

The body length varies from 6—8 mm. Strand (Ads. senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 34

[1911]: 179) mentioned two females from Terangan (Aru Is.).

Male. About an equal number of Diolenius males were collected in the same years

and the same locality as the females: they certainly belong to amplectens, no other

species of this genus being present in our collection. In nearly all details they are like

the females; the abdomen slenderer and marked by two longitudinal grey bands (Fig.

16); first legs more slender and twice the length of those of the female (Fig. 15, 17;

2 leg: X 20; & leg: X 10); the metatarsus with short spines (in the figure I

omitted the dense fringe of rather long hairs, running along the underside of the tibia,

52 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 2, 1968

: a

ELLE pn gan dek

- | erts

Fig. 12—18. Diolenius amplectens Thorell. 12, $ ; 13, id. epigyne; 14, id. vulva; 15, id. left I leg,

lateral paraxial surface; 16, 6, abdomen; 17, left I leg, lateral paraxial surface; 18, id. left palp,

ventral view. Fig. 19, 20. Cytaea frontaligera (Thorell). 19, ®; 20, 4. Fig. 21. C. nimbata

(Thorell), 2. Fig.) 12,76, 20,2125 7132 X 70; 14: X 120: 15: X 20: 172 NON OMIS EDS

AS XD

Fr. CHRYSANTHUS : Spiders from South New Guinea X 53

in order to show the strong spines — the same with the female leg). The palp (Fig. 18)

strongly resembles that of D. phrynoides (Walckenaer, 1837); in that species, however,

the spermal duct of the bulbus runs in a flat curve towards the tip. Measurements:

cephalothorax, length 3.3 mm, width 2.6 mm; abdomen, length 4.2 mm, width 1.7

mm; legs, I 20, II 8, III 8, IV 10 mm. Some males are smaller, e.g. total body length

6 mm

FISSIDENTATI

Cytaeinae

Cytaea Keyserling, 1882

Cytaea frontaligera (Thorell, 1881)

Fig 10202224

Thorell, 1881, Ann. Mus. civ. stor. nat. Genova 17: 607, 9 & (Plexippus).

Several females (8—11 mm) and three males (6—7 mm) from Merauke (1956—

1957) belong to this species, known from the Aru Is. and Queensland (Roewer, 1954:

1025; Bonnet, 1956: 1371). They fully agree with Thorell’s description and with the

type material (Genoa Museum).

The central yellow band on the abdomen of the females may be much wider because

the dark reddish brown squamiform hairs are easily rubbed off. The epigyne is some-

what variable: the distance between the two sperm canals may be greater and their

strongly curved tips are not always discernible. In the male the pattern of the abdomen

may be the same as in the female.

Cytaea nimbata (Thorell, 1881)

Fig. 21, 25—30

Thorell, 1881, Ann. Mus. civ. stor. nat. Genova 17: 600, & (Plexippus).

A large number of Cytaea specimens (about 30 males and as many females from

Mindiptana, 1958—1965; one 4, one ® from Merauke, 1956—1957) belong to a

second species.

Two Cytaea species resemble each other to a high degree, viz. C. sinuata (Doleschall,

1859) and C. nimbata Thorell, 1881 (cf. Thorell, loc. cit.). The Doleschall collection

(Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden) does not contain specimens of Salticus

sinuatus, nor of S. floricolus Doleschall, 1859, a synonym of sinzatus. This species has

a wide distribution: it is known from Sumatra and the Philippines to Australia (Roewer,

1954: 1025; Bonnet, 1956: 1372). Of C. nimbata only three males are known: two

from Hatam in the Arfak Mountains, one from Andai, Vogelkop, all in New Guinea

(type material, Genoa Museum) (Roewer, 1954: 1026; Bonnet, 1958: 3717 [Plexippus}).

I was able to compare my specimens with these types: the males are completely iden-

tical. Moreover, they possess one of the few characters given by Thorell, through which

the nimbata male differs from the sinuata male. In nimbata the circular hollow of the

bulbus with the spiral of the embolus occupies nearly 4/5 of the bulbus, whereas in

sinuata in occupies scarcely more than half its width (loc. cit.: 603).

The body length of the males varies from 7—8 mm.

Female (Fig. 21). Cephalothorax: length 4.0 mm, width 3.4 mm; a broad black

band containing the eyes surrounds a brown central field, the remaining part is

yellowish brown but for the greater part it is covered with black, somewhat flattened

54 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 2, 1968

Fig. 22—24. Cytaea frontaligera (Thorell). 22, 2, epigyne; 23, id. vulva; 24, &, left palp, ventral

view. Fig. 25—30. C. nimbata (Thorell). 25, 9, epigyne; 26, id. vulva; 27, 4; 28, id. left palp,

ventral view; 29, id. part of left palp, dorso-lateral view; 30, id. dorsal view. Fig. 22, 25: X 70;

23, 26: X 60; 24, 28—30: X 40; 27: X 7

FR. CHRYSANTHUS : Spiders from South New Guinea X 55

hairs, which are easily rubbed off. Measurements of the legs: I 10.5, II 9.5, III 9.0,

IV 8.5 mm.

Abdomen: length 4.5 mm, width 2.5 mm; yellow, covered with black squamiform

hairs, except for the central band; these hairs, too, are easily loosened; underside

greyish yellow; in some specimens, however, with a dark brown central band as in the

male. Epigyne: Fig. 25, in darker specimens the details are not so clear as in our

figure. Vulva: Fig. 26; the complexity of the sperm canals explains the fact that in

the epigynes the visible part of these canals is not always the same. The body length

varies from 9—11 mm.

Cytaea mitellata (Thorell, 1881)

Fi2 1231122

Thorell, 1881, Ann. Mus. civ. stor. nat. Genova 17: 604, & (Plexippus).

Thorell based his description on three males, one from Aru Is., one from Yule 1.

and one from Ternate. Three males in our collection (Mindiptana, 1958, 1965) are

conform to the description and the type material (Genoa Museum) ; two of them are not

so dark as in Fig. 31; their body length lays between 6 and 7 mm. There are no

further records of this species (Roewer, 1954: 1026; Bonnet, 1958: 3717 [Plexippus}).

Euryattus Thorell, 1881

Euryattus bleekeri (Doleschall, 1859)

Fig. 33—36, 41, 42

Doleschall, 1859, Act. Soc. Sci. Ind.-Neerl. 5: 17, Pl. 3 Fig. 6, & (Salticus).

Thorell, 1878, Ann. Mus. civ. stor. nat. Genova 13: 260, 9 & (Plexippus).

, 1881, ibid. 17: 631, 9 4 (Plexippus).

Keyserling, 1881, Arachn. Austr. 1 (2): 1299, Pl. 111 Fig. 1, ® (Hasarius albescens).

, 1881, ibid.: 1300, PI. 111 Fig. 2, 9 (H. pauperatus).

, 1881, ibid.: 1307, Pl. 111 Fig. 6, 2& (H. chrysostomus) syn. nov.

Simon, 1903, Hist. nat. Araignées 2: 815, Fig. 962, 4.

Doleschall’s collection (Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden) does not

contain a specimen of his Salticus bleekeri. Therefore a comparison of some 30 Euryat-

ins specimens, males and females, from Merauke (1956—1957) and Mindiptana

(1958—1965) with the holotype was not possible; they fit rather well the short des-

cription and poor figure.

The specimens in our collection perfectly agree with Thorell’s elaborate description

of the male (1878: 260) and sufficiently with his much shorter description of the

female (1878: 263, note). I studied the material discussed by him in his papers (Museo

Civico di Storia Naturale, Genoa): in all details they are identical with my specimens.

Simon gave some characters of this species (“très commun à Amboine et en Nouvelle

Guinée”) and a figure of the characteristic dentation of the cheliceral furrow: our

specimens agree with all of them. Moreover they are identical with some specimens

in the Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt a.M., identified by Strand, and with a pair

from New Guinea in the Leiden Museum (det. probably Reimoser).

Variability. — Males. A rather broad band of white hairs is generally present along

the borders of the cephalothorax and so is the band of yellow hairs along the abdomen;

these hairs, however, may nearly totally have been rubbed off; the remaining part of the

abdomen is uniform dark brown or bears some brownish yellow patches, sometimes

56 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 2, 1968

Fig. 31, 32. Cytaea mitellata (Thorell). 31, &; 32, id. left palp, ventral view. Fig. 33—36.

Euryattus bleekeri (Doleschall). 33, 2; 34, 35, id. epigyne; 36, &, left palp, ventral view.

Fig. 37—40. E. porcellus Thorell. 37, ®; 38, id. epigyne; 39, &, left palp, ventral view; 40, id.

tarsal part. Fig. 3133: 7: 32,36, 402 X 40; 34,35, 382070 375 << 33) 393 a0

FR. CHRYSANTHUS : Spiders from South New Guinea X 57

united into a wedge-shaped band on the posterior half. The legs are unicoloured brown

or variegated with broad yellowish bands.

The variability of the dimensions is remarkable: the six males from Merauke measure

5.5, 7 (3 ex.), 7.5 and 8.5 mm; the ten males from Mindiptana: 6, 7, 7.5, 8 (2 ex.),

9, 9.5 (2 ex.) and 10 (2 ex.) mm. Thorell (1881: 631) says: “Long. 4.5—9 mm”.

The palpi of the large specimens are somewhat longer than those of the smaller: tibia

0.68 (0.59) mm, tarsus 0.81 (0.68) mm; bulbus and tibial apophyse are exactly the

same, only slightly larger.

Females. Colour as in the males. The two females from Merauke measure 6 and

7 mm; of the ten females from Mindiptana one is 8 mm, the others are from 9.5—

10.5 mm. The epigyne and the vulva of the small Merauke specimens (Fig. 34, 41)

are smaller than those of the large Mindiptana specimens (Fig. 35, 42); the structure,

however, is the same in both. The sidewards curved furrows in the epigyne are not

always as sharply marked as in our figures, the straight furrows are often rather vague;

in the female described by Thorell (Genoa Museum) they are very near to each other

and form a triangle with the anterior border of the epigyne (1878: 264).

Synonymy. — Simon (1903: 815, nota 3) remarked about E. bleekeri: “Les Hasarius

albescens | 2 }, pauperatus (9) et pumilo [sic!} (4) Keys. en sont peut-être synony-

mes”. Roewer (1954: 1026) and Bonnet (1956: 1816, 1817) followed him as to

pauperatus and pumilio, but retained albescens as a good species.

À comparison of our specimens with the descriptions, figures and type specimens

(Hamburg Museum) of H. albescens from Rockhampton (Queensland) and H. pau-

peratus from Port Mackay (Queensland) have convinced me that both are synonyms

of bleekeri. Keyserling’s Fig. la of epigyne of albescens suggests a pointed anterior

border; in the type, however, this border is regularly curved as in our Fig. 35 of

bleekeri; the epigyne of pauperatus is identical with this figure. The abdomens of both

type specimens are in rather bad condition and do not give further indications.

H. pumilio Keyserling (Arachn. Austral. 1 (2) [1881]: 1317, PI. 112 Fig. 3) from

Peak Downs (Queensland), holotype in the Hamburg Museum, belongs without any

doubt to a different species and almost certainly to a different genus: e.g., the palp

resembles that of Dendryphantes laticeps Strand (Fig. 87).

In his discussion of the genus Plotius, near to Euryattus, Simon (1903: 818) wrote:

‘Jen connais deux espèces: P. curtus E. Sim. de l’île Halmahera et breviusculus E. Sim.

de Ceylon, et je lui rapporte le Hasarius chrysostomus Keys. du Queensland”. He cer-

tainly did not see the male types of this species (three specimens, Hamburg Museum

— the female is lost): they do not possess the characters of Plotius but clearly those

of Euryattus, e.g. the characteristic dentation of the cheliceral furrow (Simon, loc. cit.:

812, Fig. 962); the male palp is almost identical with that of Ewryattus senex (Simon,

loc. cit.: 812, Fig. 961).

After having studied Keyserling’s description and figures of H. chrysostomus and the

male types from Rockhampton I am certain that also this species is a synonym of

E. bleekeri.

The type locality of bleekeri is Amboina; its area extends from that island to Australia

(Roewer, 1954: 1026; Bonnet, 1956: 1817).

58 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 2, 1968

NEN

Fig. 41, 42. Euryattus bleekeri (Doleschall), 9, vulva. Fig. 43—45. Trite longula (Thorell). 43, 4;

44, id. left palp, ventral view; 45, id. left palp, lateral view. Fig. 46—50. Sandalodes bernsteini

Thorell. 46, 4; 47, id. lateral view; 48, 49, id. left palp, ventral view; 50, id. chelicerae, frontal

view. Fig, 51. Bathippus macrognathus (Thorell), 6. Fig. 52—54. B. papuanus Thorell. 52, 4;

53, id. left palp, lateral view; 54, id. ventral view. Fig. 41, 42: X 60; 43, 46, 47: X 7; 44, 45,

SZ RZ NO SE TOS SKS CSSS SES Ses 0

FR. CHRYSANTHUS : Spiders from South New Guinea X 59

Euryattus porcellus Thorell, 1881

Fig. 37—40

Thorell, 1881, Ann. Mus. civ. stor. nat. Genova 17: 660, 9 4.

Simon, 1903, Hist. nat. Araignées 2: 813, Fig. 959, 9 4.

A female (14 mm) and a male (13 mm) from Merauke (1956—1957) fully agree

with Thorell’s description and his type material in the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale,

Genoa.

The type locality is Yule I., and the species has been found on New Guinea only

(Roewer, 1954: 1027; Bonnet, 1956: 1817).

Trite Simon, 1885

Trite longula (Thorell, 1881)

Fig. 43—45

Thorell, 1881, Ann. Mus. civ. stor. nat. Genova 17: 454, & (Marptusa).

A male of this species (7 mm) from Merauke (1956—1957) is in all details

identical with the holotype from Cape York, North Australia (Genoa Museum); the

species was also recorded from Lord Howe I. (Rainbow, Rec. S. Austr. Mus. 1 [1920]:

267).

UNIDENTATI

Hyllinae

Sandalodes Keyserling, 1883

Sandalodes bernsteini (Thorell, 1881)

Fig. 46—50

Thorell, 1881, Ann. Mus. civ. stor. nat. Genova 17: 619, & (Plexippus).

The description of this species was based on three males, two from Andai (Vogelkop,

New Guinea) and one from the Aru Is.; it had not been found since and the female

is still unknown (Roewer, 1954: 1067; Bonnet, 1957: 2246 [Hyllus}). A male (5 mm)

from Mindiptana (1958) is conform to the description and the types in the Genoa

Museum.

Plexippinae

Bathippus Thorell, 1892

Bathippus macrognathus (Thorell, 1881)

Bigs, 51, 55

Thorell, 1881, Ann. Mus. civ. stor. nat. Genova 17: 531, & (Plexippus).

Six males (8—10 mm) from Merauke (1956—1957) correspond with Thorell’s

description and his type material from Fly River (South New Guinea) and the Aru Is.

(Genoa Museum); the species was also collected on the Kei Is. (Roewer, 1954: 1076;

Bonnet, 1955: 854). The female is still unknown but it may have been described as a

separate species, probably even in another genus,

DEEL 111, AFL. 2, 1968

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE,

Pisi

aß

Fig. 56—60. Palpelius

beccarii (Thorell). 56, 9; 57, id. epigyne; 58, id. vulva; 59, &, left palp, ventro-lateral view;

Fig. 55. Bathippus macrognathus (Thorell), &, left palp, ventral view.

60, id. ventral view, Fig. 61—63. Plexippus paykullii (Audouin). 61, 9; 62, id. epigyne; 63, &.

Fig, SONO UD 36: 0141635 CT STD OMS 8:0 12059 X 2062:

Fr. CHRYSANTHUS : Spiders from South New Guinea X 61

Bathippus papuanus (Thorell, 1881)

Fig. 52—54

Thorell, 1881, Ann. Mus. civ. stor. nat. Genova 17: 526, ® & (Plexippus monstrouzieri Lucas

var. papuana).

Roewer, 1938, Mém. Mus. Hist. nat. Belg. (hors série) 3 (19): 87, Fig. 67—69, &.

According to Simon (1903, Hist. nat. Araignées 2: 731) Thorell’s var. papuana

differs from monstrouzieri Lucas, 1869. The type material (several males, one female,

Genoa Museum) originated from the Aru Is. and Fly River; the species has also been

recorded from Manoi (Solomon Is.); the type locality of monstronzieri is New Cale-

donia (Roewer, 1954: 1077; Bonnet, 1955: 855).

One male (9 mm) from Mindiptana (1965) is in agreement with Thorell’s des-

cription and type material, and with the figures given by Roewer.

Palpelius Simon, 1903

Palpelius beccarii (Thorell, 1881)

Fig. 56—60

Thorell, 1881, Ann. Mus. civ. stor. nat. Genova 17: 582, 9 4 (Plexippus).

, 1881, ibid.: 588, 9 (P. dearmatus) syn. nov.

Simon, 1903, Hist. nat. Araignées 2: 735, Fig. 842, &.

Thorell described two closely related species, viz. Plexippus beccarii and P. dearmatus:

the first species, several males and a few females, from Ternate, Ceram, New Guinea

(Andai, Ramoi and Fly River), Yule I., Aru Is. and Somerset (Cape York, Australia);

the second species, some females only, from Yule I., Aru Is. and Somerset. His des-

cription of dearmatus is very short; apart from a few colour differences he saw small

differences in the epigyne only: (1) in dearmatus the two egg-shaped parts are united

over nearly their whole length, in beccarii they do not touch each other or do so along

the anterior half only, (2) in dearmatus the width of the receptacula is about 1.5 times

that of the egg-shaped parts, whereas in beccarii the width of both is equal. About

dearmatus, however, he remarked: “‘vix modo varietas est P. beccarit”’ (it is scarcely a

variety of P. beccarii).

Our collection contains three females from Merauke (1956-1957), four from Min-

diptana (1958, 1965) (10—11 mm) and three males (8—9 mm) from Mindiptana

(1958, 1965). I could compare them with type specimens in the Museo Civico di

Storia Naturale, Genoa. The males are identical with the beccarii males. As to the

females: the egg-shaped parts of the epigyne are as in dearmatus, or as in beccarii ot they

may show features of both (cf. Fig. 57, 58): the width of the receptacula varies from

1.1 to 1.5 times the width of the egg-shaped parts; the females from Merauke do not

differ from those from Mindiptana. P. dearmatus, therefore, must be considered a

synonym of beccarii.

The species has not been found outside the region mentioned above (Roewer, 1954:

1084; Bonnet, 1958: 3303).

Plexippus C. L. Koch, 1846

Plexippus paykullii (Audouin, 1827)

Fig. 61—65

Audouin, 1827, Explic. Planch. Arachn. Savigny Descr. Egypt. (2) 22: 409, PI. 7 Fig. 22, 4

(Attus).

Doleschall, 1859, Act. Soc. Sci. Ind.-Neerl. 5: 14, PI. 9 Fig. 5, ® (Salticus culicivorus).

62 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 2, 1968

\ SS

Fig. 64, 65. Plexippus paykullii (Audouin). 64, 2, vulva; 65, 4, left palp, ventral view. Fig. 66—69.

Zenodorus durvillii (Walckenaer). 66, 9; 67, id. epigyne; 68, id. vulva; 69, &, left palp, ventral

view. Fig. 70. Mopsus mormon Karsch, 6, left palp, ventral view. Fig. 64: X 50; 65, 69, 70: X 40;

(SR) << 7/8 (GS DK DI 68: X 9120

Fr. CHRYSANTHUS : Spiders from South New Guinea X 63

Thorell, 1881, Ann. Mus. civ. stor. nat. Genova 17: 501, 9 3 (Menemerus).

Simon, 1903, Hist. nat. Araignées 2: 711, 734, Fig. 839—841, 28.

, 1937, Arachn. France 6 (5): 1242, 1271, Fig. 2023, 2024, 28.

As this species is nearly cosmopolite there are many more useful descriptions and

figures (cf. Roewer, 1954: 1086; Bonnet, 1958: 3717). Doleschall’s lan does

not contain the type of his Salticus culicivorus.

The epigyne is somewhat variable: when the skin is lightly sclerotized the whole vulva

(Fig. 64) is discernible, when it is heavily sclerotized the epigyne consists of a dark

brown shield without details; usually the vulva is more or less discernible.

Our collection contains several males (6—9 mm) and females (8—10 mm) from

Merauke (1956—1957) and Mindiptana (1958—1965).

Zenodorus Peckham, 1886

Zenodorus durvillii (Walckenaer, 1937)

Fig. 66—69

Walckenaer, 1837, Hist. natur. Ins. Apt. 1: 459, & (Attus).

Thorell, 1881, Ann. Mus. civ. stor. nat. Genova 17: 653, 9 & (Ephippus).

Keyserling, 1883, Arachn. Austral. 1 (2): 1422, PI. 120 Fig. 4, 5, 9 & (Ephippus).

Squamiform hairs with a pink gloss, scattered over cephalothorax and abdomen,

render durvillii a beautiful species. It is known from New Guinea and adjacent islands

and from Australia (Roewer, 1954: 1108; Bonnet, 1959: 4960), and it is common in

the environs of Merauke and Mindiptana: many females (9—11 mm) and males

(7—10 mm).

Thyeninae

Mopsus Karsch, 1878

Mopsus mormon Karsch, 1878

Fig. 70—74

Karsch, 1878, Mitt. Münchn. Entom. Ver. 2: 31, 4.

Thorell, 1881, Ann. Mus. civ. stor. nat. Genova 17: 462, 9 4.

Simon, 1903, Hist. nat. Araignées 2: 686, Fig. 816—818, 9 4.

In his “Katalog der Araneae” Roewer suggested that the male only was described

(1954: 1109) though he mentioned Simon, who gave a description of the female and

added: “très répandue en Nouvelle Guinée et dans le Nord de l'Australie” (1903: 686).

There are many females (12—15 mm) and males (12—15 mm) in my collection, all

from Merauke (1956—1957), only one male from Mindiptana (1965).

The species was recorded from several places in New Guinea, adjacent islands and

Cape York (Australia) (Thorell, loc. cit.: 466; Roewer, 1954: 1109; Bonnet, 1957:

2985). In Queensland and New South Wales the closely related M. penicillatus (Karsch,

1878) is found.

Strongly contrasting with the female, where the cephalothorax is brownish yellow and

the abdomen is yellowish white, the male is beautifully coloured: the abdomen is

yellowish white with two black longitudinal stripes like in the female (Strand [1911,

Abb. senckenb. naturf. Ges. 34: 185} remarked that in living specimens the abdomen

is green). The cephalothorax is orange, eye region lively red, frontal part of ‘the

cephalothorax, chelicerae and underside of the stout first legs dark wine-red, the femora

64 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 2, 1968

Fig. 7174. Mopsus mormon Karsch. 71, ®; 72, id. epigyne; 73, id. vulva; 74, 4. Fig. 75—77.

Poecilorchestes decoratus Simon. 75, ® ; 76, id. lateral view; 77, id. epigyne. Fig. 78—81. Cosmo-

phasis bitaeniata (Keyserling). 78, ® ; 79, id. epigyne; 80, 4, left palp, ventral view; 81, id. tibial

apophyses, lateral view. Fig. 71, 742. 2@ 3:12,79 312x170; 732 1205 752170

TI 1503 738 XK 715280 K-40

FR. CHRYSANTHUS : Spiders from South New Guinea X 65

with some squamiform white hairs, the tips of the chelicerae and the greater part ot

the first legs orange; the anterior median eyes have a greenish lustre. A rather broad

fringe of snow-white hairs extends from the lateral eyes to about the middle of the

cephalothorax, whereas long black hairs form a tuft between the anterior lateral eyes.

Coccorchestinae

Poecilorchestes Simon, 1901

Poecilorchestes decoratus Simon, 1901

Fig. 75-77

Simon, 1901, Hist. nat. Araignées 2: 648, Fig. 765—767, &.

, 1902, Ann. Soc. entom. Belg. 46: 34, 6.

A comparison of a female of this family (Mindiptana, 1965) with the description

and figures given by Simon and with the male type from Dorey (—Manokwari, North

New Guinea) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, have convinced me

that it belongs to the same species. The remarkable shape of the cephalothorax, the

position of the eyes and of the striking snow-white patches on cephalothorax, abdomen

and legs, caused by squamiform hairs, the very rugose skin of the cephalothorax: all

these characters are common to both; the colour only is somewhat different: the male

is dark reddish brown, in the female there is a purplish hue over the dark brown

colour.

The measurements of the female are: cephalothorax, length 1.7 mm, width 1.6 mm;

abdomen, length 1.9 mm, width 1.6 mm; legs. I 2.5, II 2.3, III 2.1, IV 2.6 mm.

Epigyne: Fig. 77.

Heliophaninae

Cosmophasis Simon, 1901

Cosmophasis bitaeniata (Keyserling, 1882)

Fig. 78—81

Keyserling, 1882, Arachn. Austral. 1 (2): 1365, PI. 115 Fig. 8, 4 (Sobara).

, 1882, ibid.: 1374, PI. 116 Fig. 5, ® (Selaophora rubra).

My collection contains a couple of this beautifully orange-coloured species (Merauke,

1956-1957); the male (8 mm) is identical with the holotype of Sobara bitaeniata

from the environs of Sydney (Hamburg Museum). The female paratype is juvenile

(“Das leider unentwickelte Weib’); in his description Keyserling mentions Tafel 115

Fig. 9 “femina, Cephalothorax”, but there is no Fig. 9 on this plate. The holotype ot

Selaophora rubra from Cape York is lost; the female in my collection (7 mm) fully

agrees with Keyserling’s description and figures. The species is also known from the

Aru Is. (Roewer, 1954: 1152; Bonnet, 1956: 1241).

Strand (Abh. senckenb. naturf. Ges. 34 [1911]: 180, PI. 4 Fig. 22, Pl. 6 Fig. 84)

described C. orsimoides from the Kei Is.; the female holotype (SMF 2436) is smaller

than C. bitaeniata, viz., 5 mm; it seems to me, however, that the epigynes are identical;

a study of the vulvae, which are only partly discernible through the skin, could give

certainty. The male of orsimoides is unknown.

66 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 2, 1968

Fig. 82—85. Cosmophasis micarioides (L. Koch). 82, 2; 83, id. epigyne; 84, id. vulva; 85, 4,

left palp, ventral view. Fig. 86—88. Dendryphantes laticeps Strand. 86, & ; 87, id. left palp, ventral

view; 88, @, epigyne. Fig. 89—92. Menemerus bivittatus (Dufour). 89, 9; 90, id. epigyne; 91,

92; &, abdomen. Fig. 82, 86, 89, 91, 92: X 7; 83: X 150; 84: X 120; 85, 87: x 40; 88; 90:

x70

FR. CHRYSANTHUS : Spiders from South New Guinea X 67

Cosmophasis micarioides (L. Koch, 1880)

Fig. 82—85

L. Koch, 1880, Arachn. Austral. 1 (2): 1178, PI. 102 Fig. 3, 4 (Amycus).

Strand, 1911, Abh. senckenb. naturf. Ges. 34: 180, Pl. 4 Fig. 16, PI. 6 Fig. 85, 2.

There is a large series of females (5—7 mm) and males (5—7 mm) in my col-

lection from Merauke (1956—1957) and Mindiptana (1958—1965); the males agree

with Koch’s description and figures and with the male holotype in the Zoologisches

Museum, Hamburg; the females are identical with several females, identified by

Strand, in the Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt a.M.

The colour of the female is rather variable: it may be multicoloured, viz., orange,

yellow, black and silver-coloured, sometimes these colours have partly faded away, or

even the greater part of the coloured squamiform hairs are rubbed off, resulting in an

almost uniform tawny colour of the abdomen.

Koch’s figure of the male does not give a good idea of its colour-pattern: the

contrast between the dark and the lighter parts is much too strong. In reality there

is only a faint silver-coloured bloom in the middle and on the sides of the dark greyish

brown abdomen and some greenish and purplish metallic lustre on the cephalothorax.

The colours may for the greater part, have disappeared, as in the female.

Strand’s C. maculiventris (Abb. senckenb. naturf. Ges. 34 [1911]: 180, PI. 4 Fig.

23 — SMF 2433) from Terangan, Aru Is., is almost certainly a synonym of micarioides:

(1) colours and pattern are the same, (2) the characteristic light spots on the under-

side of the abdomen are discernible in nearly all specimens of our collection, especially

in the vividly coloured ones, (3) the not yet completely developed epigyne (“Die nicht

reife Epigyne erscheint in Flüssigkeit als ein weisslicher, vorn gerundeter Querfleck,

der mehr als doppelt so breit wie lang ist und durch eine schwarze Mittellängslinie

geteilt zu sein scheint’) fits very well the developed form.

The type locality of micarioides is Port Mackay (Queensland) and the species has

also been recorded from other parts of Australia, from New Guinea and adjacent

islands (Roewer, 1954: 1153; Bonnet, 1956: 1243).

Dendryphantinae

Dendryphantes C. L. Koch, 1837

Dendryphantes laticeps Strand, 1911

Fig. 86—88

Strand, 1911, Abh. senckenb. naturf. Ges. 34: 183, PI. 4 Fig. 25, PI. 6 Fig. 91, 4.

Two males (7 and 8 mm) from Merauke, 1956—1957, fully correspond with Strand’s

description and figures and with the holotype from Terangan, Aru Is. (SMF 2452). The

species is also known from the Kei Is. (Roewer, 1954: 1190; Bonnet, 1956: 1396);

the female, however, had not yet been found.

A female, also from Merauke, certainly belongs to the same species. In nearly all

details it is identical with one of the two males (Fig. 86): cephalothorax and all appen-

dices are dark wine-red, palpi and first legs are flattened, the sternum bears a blunt

knob, the abdomen is flattened and the sides are wrinkled. The colour of the abdomen

is lighter, but in this respect the female rather resembles the other male, where all

colours are lighter. Measurements of the female: cephalothorax, length 2.7 mm, width

68 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 2, 1968

2.4 mm; abdomen, length 4.0 mm, width 2.5 mm; legs I 5.6, II 4.3, III 3.5, IV 4.5 mm.

Epigyne: Fig. 88.

Marpissinae

Menemerus Simon, 1868

Menemerus bivittatus (Dufour, 1831)

Fig. 89—95

Dufour, 1831, Ann. Sci. nat. 22: 369, PI. 11 Fig. 5, 2 (Salticus).

Doleschall, 1859, Act. Soc. Sci. Ind.-Neerl. 5: 15, Pl. 9 Fig. 4, 2 (Salticus convergens).

Thorell, 1878, Ann. Mus. civ. stor. nat. Genova 13: 232, 9 & (Icius convergens).

F. Pickard-Cambridge, 1901, Arachnida #2 Biol. Centr. Amer. Zool.: 250, Pl. 21 Fig. 18, 19,

Q & (Marpissa melanognatha).

Simon, 1937, Arachn. France 6 (5): 1210, 1262, Fig. 1932, 1933, 2 4.

Berland & Millot, 1941, Mém. Mus. Hist. nat. Paris 12: 246, Fig. 49, 50 A-C, 2 4.

There is a long list of synonyms and there exist several other useful descriptions and

figures of this nearly cosmopolite species (cf. Roewer, 1954: 1263; Bonnet, 1957:

21.64.)

In our collection there are some 20 females (8—10 mm) and four males (6—8 mm)

from Merauke (1956—1957) and Mindiptana (1959, 1965). In the female the pattern

of the abdomen is often less distinct than in our Fig. 89: the dark brown hairs are

easily rubbed off. As the epigyne is surrounded by many hairs and sometimes partly

filled with a resinous concretion (‘Begattungszeichen”), its shape may be not as

clear as in our Fig. 90. In the abdomen of the male the lateral streaks are lighter than

in the female, whereas the central streak is darker (Fig. 91, 92). The bulbus of the male

palp may be smooth or with a more or less deep groove (Fig. 94, 95; cf. Pickard-

Cambridge, loc. cit. and Berland & Millot, loc. cit.).

Fig. 93—95. Menemerus bivittatus (Dufour). 93, 9, vulva (X 60); 94, 95, &, left palp, ventral

view (X 40)

FR. CHRYSANTHUS : Spiders from South New Guinea X 69

Concluding remarks

The collection made by Br. Monulf in the environs of Merauke (1956—1957) and

Mindiptana (1958-1965) contains about 200 species. In the present series of papers

(Chrysanthus, 1958—1968) 151 species are dealt with; 110 are known species, 41 are

described as new to science of Arachnology. Of 19 species I could describe the male,

hitherto unknown, of 6 species I could give a description of the unknown female.

At least 15 species were not yet recorded from New Guinea; 21 species were recorded

for the first time after their original descriptions, these descriptions being published

50, or even 80 years ago. This fact is not so surprising because after the publications

by Kulczynski, Strand and Hogg, all between 1911 and 1915, scarcely any collecting,

followed by publications, occurred in New Guinea: I, therefore, do not agree with

Bonnet (1961: 438) who seems to doubt the validity of species, described from a single

specimen so many years ago, if no specimens have been found since.

About 50 species of the collection have not yet been discussed: part of them have

been obtained after my publication of the study of their group, the others need further

investigation. I hope to include them in a new series of papers on New Guinean Spiders,

dealing with material from other collections.

70 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 2, 1968

LIST OF SPECIES

discussed in “Spiders from South New Guinea”, I—X

The signs Qn, dn denote first description of female or male, respectively;

NG, means first records for New Guinea;

Ch., means Chrysanthus, referring to the papers listed under References, below.

ECRIBELLATAE

SICARIIDAE

Scytodes fusca Walckenaer, 1837. Ch., 1967b: 91, @ 8

S. longipes Lucas, 1845. Ch., 1967b: 89, 2 4

S. pallida Doleschall, 1859. Ch., 1967b: 91, 2, NG

S. tardigrada Thorell, 1881. Ch., 1967b: 91, 9, NG

PHOLCIDAE

Artema atlanta Walckenaer, 1837. Ch., 1967b: 92, 9 &

Crossopriza lyoni (Blackwall, 1867). Ch., 1967b: 96, 2 6, NG

Psilochorus nigromaculatus Kulczynski, 1911. Ch., 1967b: 96, 9n (second record)

ZODARIIDAE

Storena zebra Thorell, 1881. Ch., 1967b: 98, &

THERIDIIDAE

Achaeranea decorata (L. Koch, 1867). Ch., 1963: 743, 9, NG

A. hammeni Chrysanthus, 1963. Ch., 1963: 746, 9

A. krausi Chrysanthus, 1963. Ch., 1963: 744, 2 8

A. meraukensis Chrysanthus, 1963. Ch., 1963: 746, 9 &

A. mundula (L. Koch, 1872) papuana Chrysanthus, 1963. Ch., 1963: 741, 9

Argyrodes argentatus Cambridge, 1880. Ch., 1963: 739, 9

A. fissifrons Cambridge, 1869. Ch., 1963: 737, &

A. flavescens Cambridge, 1880. Ch., 1963: 739, 9 6

A. kulczynskii Roewer, 1942 (= A. argenteolus Kulczynski, 1911). Ch., 1963: 741,

2 gn (second record)

A. miniaceus (Doleschall, 1857). Ch., 1963: 739, 9 &

Latrodectus geometricus C. L. Koch, 1841. Ch., 1963: 737, 9

Lithyphantes bertkaui (Thorell, 1881). Ch., 1963: 737, ® &n (second record)

Phoroncidia levii Chrysanthus, 1963. Ch., 1963: 735, 2

Theridion diadematum Chrysanthus, 1963. Ch., 1963: 749, 9

T. rufipes Lucas, 1846. Ch., 1963: 748, 9 &

FR. CHRYSANTHUS : Spiders from South New Guinea X Vil

ARGYOPIDAE

Anepsion wichmanni (Kulczynski, 1911). Ch., 1961: 207, ® &n (second record)

Arachnura melanura Simon, 1867. Ch., 1961: 203, 9, NG

Araneus cyrtarachnoides (Keyserling, 1887). Ch., 1960: 36, 9 3

. dehaani (Doleschall, 1859). Ch., 1960: 31, 2

. granti Hogg, 1914. Ch., 1960: 36, ® gn (second record)

. inustus (L. Koch, 1871). Ch., 1960: 41, 9 gn, NG

. laglaizei (Simon, 1877). Ch., 1960: 39, 9

. lugubris (Walckenaer, 1842). Ch., 1960: 36, 9 &

. rufofemoratus (Simon, 1884). Ch., 1960: 33, 9 4

. simillimus Kulczynski, 1911. Ch., 1961: 199, 9

. theisi (Walckenaer, 1842). Ch., 1960: 39, 9 4

. transmarinus (Keyserling, 1865) (= productus L. Koch, 1867). Ch., 1960: 30, 2 &

Argyope aetherea (Walckenaer, 1842). Ch., 1958: 237, 242, 9 gn

A. catenulata (Doleschall, 1859). Ch., 1958: 240, 9 4

A. chloreides Chrysanthus, 1961. Ch., 1961: 197, 9

A. mindiptanensis Chrysanthus, 1961. Ch., 1961: 195, 9

A picta Tt Koch: 1871 Eh’, 1953:7237,2242,, 975

Carepalxis tricuspidata Chrysanthus, 1961. Ch., 1961: 205, 9

Cyclosa camelodes (Thorell, 1878). Ch., 1961: 201, 9

C. insulana (Costa, 1834). Ch., 1961: 199, 9 4

C. micula (Thorell, 1892). Ch., 1961: 203, 9

C. mulmeinensis (Thorell, 1887). Ch., 1961: 203, 9

C. velata Chrysanthus, 1961. Ch., 1961: 201, ® ¢

Cyrtarachne friederici Strand, 1911. Ch., 1961: 209, 9

C. tricolor (Doleschall, 1859). Ch., 1961: 209, 9

Cyrtophora beccarii (Thorell, 1878). Ch., 1960: 25, 9 4

C. cicatrosa (Stoliczka, 1869). Ch., 1960: 28, 9 gn

. cylindroides (Walckenaer, 1842). Ch., 1959: 200; 1960: 25, ® &

. moluccensis (Doleschall, 1857). Ch., 1959: 199, 9

. monulfi Chrysanthus, 1960. Ch., 1960: 26, 9

. unicolor (Doleschall, 1857). Ch., 1959: 201, 2

Gasteracantha brevispina (Doleschall, 1857). Ch., 1959: 203; 1960: 25, 9 gn

G. taeniata (Walckenaer, 1842). Ch., 1959: 202; 1960: 23, 9 gn

G. theisi (Guérin, 1838). Ch., 1959: 203, 9 3

Larinia phthisica (L. Koch, 1871). Ch. 1961: 205, 9, NG

I tavida, (L. Koch, 1871). Ch, 1961:7205, 2

Nephila maculata (Fabricius, 1793). Ch., 1959: 197; 1960: 23, 2 4

N. malabarensis (Walckenaer, 1842). Ch., 1959: 199, 9

Poecilopachys verrucosa (L. Koch, 1871). Ch., 1961: 209, 9

Poltys illepidus C. L. Koch, 1843. Ch., 1961: 211, 9

P. sigillatus Chrysanthus, 1961. Ch., 1961: 211, 9

SA AA à à À à A

SESIA

TETRAGNATHIDAE

Eucta javana Thorell, 1890. Ch., 1963: 733, 9

Leucauge argentata (Cambridge, 1869) marginata Kulczynski, 1911. Ch., 1963: 731, 9

72 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 2, 1968

L. granulata (Walckenaer, 1842). Ch., 1963: 731, 9 &

L. grata (Guérin, 1838). Ch., 1963: 729, 4

Mesida humilis Kulczynskki, 1911. Ch., 1963: 727, ® &n (second record)

Tetragnatha mandibulata Walckenaer, 1842. Ch., 1963: 733, 9 &

T. rubriventris Doleschall, 1857. Ch., 1963: 735, 9 &

Tylorida striata (Thorell, 1877). Ch., 1963: 727, 9.

PISAURIDAE

Dolomedes chroesus Strand, 1911. Ch., 1967a: 422, 9 &n (second record)

D. facetus L. Koch, 1876. Ch., 1967a: 423, 9 4, NG

Perenethis unifasciata (Doleschall, 1859). Ch., 1967a: 421, 9 4

LYCOSIDAE

Anomalomma cinctipes Simon, 1898. Ch., 1967a: 425, 9

A. muju Chrysanthus, 1967. Ch., 1967a: 425, 9 &

Artoria parvula Thorell, 1877. Ch., 1967a: 423, 9

Varacosa hickmani Roewer, 1954. Ch., 1967a: 423, 2 4 n, NG (second record)

V. papakula (Strand, 1911). Ch., 1967a: 424, & Sn (second record)

V. tanna (Strand, 1913). Ch., 1967a: 424, 9, NG

OXYOPIDAE

Oxyopes macilentus L. Koch, 1878. Ch., 1967a: 419, 9 4

O. papuanus Thorell, 1881. Ch., 1967a: 419, 9 &

O. tapponiformis Strand, 1911. Ch., 1967a: 421, 9 (second record)

CLUBIONIDAE

Chetracanthium lanceolatum Chrysanthus, 1967. Ch., 1967a: 407, 9

C. marplesi Chrysanthus, 1967. Ch., 1967a: 403, 9 &

C. wiehlei Chrysanthus, 1967. Ch., 1967a: 405, 9 &

Clubiona ericius Chrysanthus, 1967. Ch., 1967a: 409, 9 &

. kowong Chrysanthus, 1967. Ch., 1967a: 407, 9 4

meraukensis Chrysanthus, 1967. Ch., 1967a: 411, 9 2

. pantherina Chrysanthus, 1967. Ch., 1967a: 413, 9

. papuana Chrysanthus, 1967. Ch., 1967a: 413, 9

. procera Chrysanthus, 1967. Ch., 1967a: 415, 9

subula Chrysanthus, 1967. Ch., 1967a: 415, 4

Matidia chlora Chrysanthus, 1967. Ch., 1967a: 415, @

M. muju Chrysanthus, 1967. Ch., 1967a: 417, 4 9

Da aa

EUSPARASSIDAE

Clastes freycineti Walckenaer, 1837. Ch., 1965: 369, 2 8

Heteropoda atriventris Chrysanthus, 1965. Ch., 1965: 356, 9

H. erythra Chrysanthus, 1965. Ch., 1965: 362, ® &

H. fusciventris Chrysanthus, 1965. Ch., 1965: 366, 2 &

FR. CHRYSANTHUS : Spiders from South New Guinea X 73

H. mindiptanensis Chrysanthus, 1965. Ch., 1965: 359; 1967a: 403, &

H. rubra Chrysanthus, 1965. Ch., 1965: 360, 2 4

H. venatoria (Linné, 1767). Ch., 1965: 356, 9 &

Isopeda goliath Chrysanthus, 1965. Ch., 1965: 348, 9

I. meraukensis Chrysanthus, 1965. Ch., 1965: 346, 2 &

Olios artemis Hogg, 1915. Ch., 1965: 353; 1967a: 401, 9 n (second record)

O. fimbriatus Chrysanthus, 1965. Ch., 1965: 355; 1967a: 403, 9

O. insignifer Chrysanthus, 1965. Ch., 1965: 353, 9 3

O. rubriventris (Thorell, 1881). Ch., 1965: 351; 1967a: 401, 9

Pandercetes isopus Thorell, 1881. Ch., 1965: 368, 9 gn

Thelcticopis cuneissignata Chrysanthus, 1965. Ch., 1965: 349, 9

THOMISIDAE

Borboropactus divergens (Hogg, 1914). Ch., 1964: 89, 2 (second record)

Cymbacha saucia L. Koch, 1874. Ch., 1964: 95, 9, NG

Diaea limbata Kulczynski, 1911. Ch., 1964: 102, 9 4 (second record)

D. sticta Kulczynski, 1911. Ch., 1964: 102, 9 4 n (second record)

Hedana bonneti Chrysanthus, 1964. Ch., 1964: 87, 9

Lycopus atypicus Strand, 1911. Ch., 1964: 92, @ (second record)

Misumena alpha Chrysanthus, 1964. Ch., 1964: 97, 9

M. beta Chrysanthus, 1964. Ch., 1964: 99, 9

M. gamma Chrysanthus, 1964. Ch., 1964: 99 9

M. lorentzi Kulczynski, 1911. Ch., 1964: 95, 9, misidentified

Philodromus planus (L. Koch, 1875). Ch., 1964: 91, 3 n, NG

Runcinia acuminata (Thorell, 1881). Ch., 1964: 99, 9, NG

Senoculifer dentibulbis Balogh, 1936. Ch., 1964: 91, & (second record)

Stephanopis monulfi Chrysanthus, 1964. Ch., 1964: 89, 9

Tharrhalea albipes L. Koch, 1875. Ch., 1964: 9 4, NG

Thomisus spectabilis Doleschall, 1859. Ch., 1964: 102, 9 &

Tmarus homanni Chrysanthus, 1964. Ch., 1964: 94, 9

SALTICIDAE

Bathippus macrognathus (Thorell, 1881). Ch., 1968: 59, 4

B. papuanus (Thorell, 1881). Ch., 1968: 61, 4

Bavia aericeps Simon, 1877. Ch., 1968: 51, 9 4

Cosmophasis bitaeniata (Keyserling, 1882). Ch., 1968: 65, 2 4

C. micarioides (L. Koch, 1880). Ch., 1968: 67, 2 &

Cytaea frontaligera (Thorell, 1881). Ch., 1968: 53, 9 4

C. mitellata (Thorell, 1881). Ch., 1968: 55, & (second record)

C. nimbata (Thorell, 1881). Ch., 1968: 53, & Qn (second record)

Dendryphantes laticeps Strand, 1911. Ch., 1968: 67, 3 Qn

Diolenius amplectens Thorell, 1881. Ch., 1968: 51, 9 gn

Euryattus bleekeri (Doleschall, 1859). Ch., 1968: 55, 9 4

E. porcellus Thorell, 1881. Ch., 1968: 59, 9 4

Linus fimbriatus (Doleschall, 1859). Ch., 1968: 49, 9

Menemerus bivittatus (Dufour, 1831). Ch., 1968: 68 9 &

74 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 2, 1968

Mopsus mormon Karsch, 1878. Ch., 1968: 63, 9 4

Palpelius beccarii (Thorell, 1881). Ch., 1968: 61, 9 4

Plexippus paykullii (Audouin, 1827). Ch., 1968: 61, 9 &

Poecilorchestes decoratus Simon, 1901. Ch., 1968: 65, gn

Sandalodes bernsteini (Thorell, 1881). Ch., 1968: 59, & (second record)

Trite longula (Thorell, 1881). Ch., 1968: 59, 4, NG

Zenodorus durvillii (Walckenaer, 1837). Ch., 1968: 63, 9 8

CRIBELLATAE

Deinopis camela Thorell, 1881. Ch., 1967b: 100, 9 gn (second record)

Fecenia angustata (Thorell, 1881). Ch., 1967b: 102, 9 gn

F. buruana Reimoser, 1936. Ch., 1967b: 104, 9 ¢

F. maforensis Simon, 1906. Ch., 1967b: 104, 9

Psechrus argentatus (Doleschall, 1857). Ch., 1967b: 105, 9

Titanoeca fulmeki Reimoser, 1927. Ch., 1967b: 102, 9 gn (second record)

Uloborus albofasciatus Chrysanthus, 1967. Ch., 1967b: 98, 9 &

U. geniculatus (Olivier, 1789). Ch., 1967b: 98, 9 3

U. hilaris Simon, 1906. Ch., 1967b: 98, 2

REFERENCES

Bonnet, P. 1945—1961. Bibliographia Araneorum. Toulouse,

Chrysanthus, Fr. 1958. Spiders from South New Guinea I. Nova Guinea, new series 9: 235—243.

1959. Id. II. lc. 10: 197—206.

1960. Id. III. Nova Guinea. Zoology, no. 3 : 21—42.

1961. Id. IV. Lc. no. 10: 195—214.

1963. Id. V. Lc. no. 24: 727—750.

1964. Id. VI. Ic. no. 28: 87—104.

1965. Id, VII. l.c. no. 34: 345—369.

1967a. Id. VIII. Ic. no. 37: 401-426.

1967b. Id. IX. Tijdschr. Ent. 110: 89—105.

1968, Id. X. lc. 111 (this paper).

C. F. 1942. Katalog der Araneae. I. Bremen.

1954. Id. II. Bruxelles.

M M vo w M SI SI vo ir

A Die head

DEEL 111 AFLEVERING 3 1968

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NEUE KRATZMILBEN VON EINHEIMISCHEN INSEKTIVOREN

(PSORERGATIDAE : TROMBIDIFORMES)

von

F. LUKOSCHUS

Zoölogisch Laboratorium der Katholieke Universiteit, Nijmegen

Zusammenfassung

Es werden drei neue Psorergates (Psorergates)-Arten, die intraepithelial bei Insektivoren para-

sitieren, beschrieben und in ihrer systematischen Stellung zu den bislang bekannten 18 Arten der

Untergattung Psorergates (Psorergates) diskutiert. Die neuen Arten Psorergates (Psorergates)

talpae, crocidurae und sorici wurden bei den niederländischen Wirten Talpa europaea europaea

L., Crocidura russula russula (Hermann) und Sorex araneus araneus L. und bei den gleichen

Wirtsarten in Südfrankreich und Nordspanien gefunden.

Einleitung

In einer vorangegangenen Untersuchung wurde Psorergates (Psorergates) desmanae

Lukoschus, 1968 von Galemys pyrenaicus E. Geoffroy Saint Hilaire als erste Art dieser

Familie von einem Insektivoren beschrieben. Alle übrigen Arten der Untergattung sind

Parasiten von Rodentia (Tyrell, 1883; Michael, 1889; Till, 1960; Fain, 1961; Fain,

Lukoschus & Hallmann, 1966; Lukoschus, Fain & Beaujean, 1967).

Die neuen Arten wurden von frischgefangenen Wirten aus mehreren Fanggebieten des

Zoologischen Institutes Nijmegen, sowie von Alkoholmaterial des Zoologischen Labo-

ratoriums, Leiden, des Laboratoire Arago in Banyuls-sur-Mer (Pyr. Or.) und des Centro

Pirenaico de Biologia Experimental in Jaca (Huesca) abgesammelt. Den Direktoren

der Institute sei auch an dieser Stelle fiir ihr Entgegenkommen gedankt.

Typen und Paratypen wurden in den folgenden Museen und Instituten deponiert:

Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden; British Museum (Natural History),

London; Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris; U.S. National Museum, Wash-

ington; Zoologisches Staatsinstitut und Museum, Hamburg; Institut de Médecine Tro-

picale Prince Léopold, Antwerpen; Zoologisches Institut der Akademie der Wissenschaf-

ten, Leningrad; Departamento de Zoologia del Suelo y Entomologia aplicada, Madrid;

Zoölogisch Laboratorium der Katholieke Universiteit, Nijmegen, im Text abgekürzt als

Leiden, London usw.

Beschreibungen

Psorergates (Psorergates) talpae spec. nov. (Abb. 1-19)

Mit den Charakteren der Familie Psorergatidae Dubinin (1955) und der Untergat-

tung Psorergates Tyrell (Fain, 1961).

Weibchen (Holotype). — Körperform und Kôrpergliederung wie bei den anderen

Arten des Genus. Länge einschliesslich Gnathosoma 129 y, bei 31 gemessenen

Paratypen im Mittel 136 u (126—144). Breite 101 y, bei den Paratypen © 105 u

(99—117).

76 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 2, 1968

Abb. 1—6. Psorergates (Psorergates) talpae spec. nov., Weibchen (Holotype). 1. Ventralansicht,

2. Bein II, Tibia-Tarsus dorsal, 3. Krallenpaar stark vergrôssert, 4. Dorsalansicht, 5. Gnathosomahaar

dorsal, 6. Gnathosomahaar seitlich.

F. Luxoscuus: Krätzmilben von Insektivoren 77

Ventralansicht (Abb. 1). Die weichhäutige Ventralfläche ist regelmässig fein gewellt.

Die Anordnung der Wellung ist auch bei 43 daraufhin beobachteten Paratypen gleich-

artig. Die Ventralhaare von 3—4 y stehen 8 u (7—11 bei den Paratypen) weit aus-

einander. Die Epimeren I sind am hinteren Ende halbkreisförmig nach aussen gebogen.

Der halbkreisformige Epimerenteil ragt kielartig aus der Ventralfläche heraus. Die

Epimeren II-IV und der vordere Teil der Epimeren I liegen im Körperinneren dicht

unter der gewellten Ventralflache. Die Wellung geht über die Epimeren hinweg. Ter-

minalhaare von ca. 65 u.

Die Beine sind ventral, weit seitlich eingesetzt. Alle Trochanteres besitzen nach unten

und zum vorderen Körperdrittel gerichtete kräftige, an der Spitze leicht abgerundete

Apophysen. Distal von den Apophysen stehen 9—11 u lange Haare. Der Basalteil des

Trochanters ist stärker chitinisiert. Diese Chitinversteifung liuft gegenüber der Femur-

apophyse in eine kleine abstehende Hautduplikatur aus. Der Femur aller Beinpaare trägt

auf der Aussenseite auf einer kleinen stärker chitinisierten Platte ein Haarpaar und an

seiner hinteren Ventralseite eine weit nach unten gerichtete spitze Apophyse. Bei den

Haarpaaren ist das äussere Haar etwas länger. Es misst auf Femora I-III 28—36 u, auf

Femur IV 33—39 u. Auf der hinteren Ventralseite steht auf einem kleinen Höcker

von Genu I-III ein dünnes 3 y langes, und von Genu IV ein sehr dickes 50—55 y

langes Haar. Die kurze Tibia trägt ventral vorn einen kurzen Dorn (fehlt auf Tibia IV)

und dorsal median ein längeres Haar. Der Tarsus tragt ventral vorn einen kurzen, deut-

lich gekriimmten Dorn, dorsal lateral zwei Haare. Im Gegensatz zu den bislang be-

schriebenen Arten der Untergattung von Rodentia, bei denen die Dorsalhaare der Tarsi

etwa gleichlang ausgebildet sind, messen die setae d.p. (fehlt auf Tarsus IV) 16—20 y,

die setae d.a. dagegen nur 4 u (Abb. 2). Die beiden kräftigen einspitzigen Krallen

(Abb. 3) und das zweiteilige Haftläppchen sind ventral am Tarsusende angesetzt. Die

Tarsi I und II besitzen dorsal einen grösseren Sinneskolben und ein winziges Sinneshaar

in einer kleinen Hautduplikatur.

Dorsalansicht (Abb. 4). Das vorn auffallig eingebuchtete Rückenschild ist gut chiti-

nisiert und bis zum Schildrande fein punktiert. Die weichhäutige Rückenfläche ist regel-

mässig fein gewellt. Die Schildlänge beträgt (paramedian gemessen) 86 u, bei den

Paratypen @ 86 y (80—96), die Breite 72 u, bei den Paratypen O 73 u (70—76).

Einige Paratypen besitzen am Schildhinterrande weniger ausgeprägte Einbuchtungen.

Die Schildhaare stehen auf kleinen, hellen unpunktierten Höfen. Die drei seitlichen

Haarpaare, die deutlich vom Schildrande entfernt stehen, messen 4—5 y, die vorderen

paramedianen sind sehr kurz, jedoch als Haare noch deutlich zu erkennen. Auf der

Schildfläche sind in regelmässiger Anordnung 12 dunkle Punkte vorhanden. Bei 25

daraufhin untersuchten 9 9 fehlen in einem Falle die Punkte in Stellung a, bei einem

anderen die in Stellung d.

Gnathosoma und Mundteile sind wie bei den anderen Psorergates-Arten aufgebaut.

Das 6 u lange Gnathosomahaar ist flach und am Ende mehrfach eingekerbt (Abb. 5).

Die breitere, aufliegende Deckschuppe ist in mehrere feine Spitzen ausgezogen. Der

Aufbau des komplizierten Haares ist aus Seitenansichten (Abb. 6) zu ersehen. Die

Variabilitit des Haarrandes wird durch die Abb. 12—15 gezeigt. Das hintere Palptibia-

haar von ca. 4 u (Abb. 19) ist am Ende abgesetzt und etwas dünner.

Männchen (Allotype). — Kôrperlänge einschliesslich Gnathosoma 120 y, bei 7

Paratypen @ 115 u (108—120), Breite 99 u, bei den Paratypen @ 94 u (90—99).

Ventralansicht wie beim Weibchen, jedoch nur zwei Terminalhaare auf einer lang-

78 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 3, 1968

16017 18919

Abb. 7—19. Psorergates (Psorergates) talpae spec. nov. 7. Männchen (Allotype) dorsal, 8. Sklerit

der Terminalhaare der Allotype, 9. Genitalregion und Penis einer Paratype, 10. Larve ventral,

11. Beinkralle stärker vergrössert, 12—15. Gnathosomahaare der Larve (12), der Protonymphe

(15), der Deutonymphe (14) und des Männchens (13), 16—19. hintere Palptibiahaare der Larve

(16), der Protonymphe (17), der Deutonymphe (18) und des Weibchens (19).

F. LukoscHus : Krätzmilben von Insektivoren 79

Tabelle I. Messwerte und Determinationsmerkmale von Psorergates-Weibchen von Insektivoren.

Angaben in u.

Art: desmanae talpae crocidurae sorici

Anzahl gemessene Exemplare: 12 31 10 10

Körperlänge im Durchschnitt 156 136 129 123

Körperlänge Minimum 135 126 123 117

Körperlänge Maximum 168 144 138 135

Körperbreite im Durchschnitt 127 105 104 95

Körperbreite Minimum 108 99 96 93

Körperbreite Maximum _ 140 117 112 99

Terminalhaare ca. 90 ca. 65 hi, SIS 52—60

Ventralhaare 5—6 3—4 2 4

Ventralhaarabstand ON UT 13—18 9—12

Trochanterhaare 10—12 9—11 8 9—10

Anzahl Femurhaare IV 2 2 2 1

Femurhaare I-III 20—28 28—36 20—25 20—25

Femurhaare IV 36—45 33—39 25—33 28—33

Genuhaare I-III 5 3 3 2

Genuhaare IV 51—60 50—55 30—35 30—35

Tarsus II d.a. 6 4 3 3—4

Tarsus II d.p. 15—18 16—20 0 14—18

Schildlänge im Durchschnitt 91 86 82 81

Schildlänge Minimum 87 80 78 76

Schildlinge Maximum 96 96 85 87

Schildbreite im Durchschnitt 84 73 69 66

Schildbreite Minimum 75 70 66 63

Schildbreite Maximum 90 76 72 72

Genitalöffnung 9—12 10—11 12 10—12

Palptibiahaar 5—6 4 3 D=)

Gnathosomahaar 9—10 6 7 9

Anzahl Krallenspitzen 1 1 3 2

eiförmigen stärker chitinisierten Platte, die auf einem medianen Längswulst liegt (Abb.

8). Haare etwas kürzer als beim Weibchen, Messdaten in Tabelle II.

Dorsalansicht (Abb. 7). An der Mitte des Vorderrandes des Riickenschildes eine ovale

Genitalöffnung mit zwei Paaren winziger Härchen auf kleinen, hellen, runden Schild-

chen. Das vordere Haarpaar steht 10 u, das hintere 9 u weit auseinander. Der zweispitzige

Penis misst 25 y (25—29 bei den Paratypen), seine dorsal aufgeschlitzte Scheide 18 y.

Die Seitenansicht des Penis (Abb. 9) von einem Quetschpräparat macht den Aufbau

deutlich. Auf der Schildfläche sind auch bei allen Paratypen 12 dunkle Punkte in

gesetzmässiger Anordnung vorhanden.

Entwicklungsstadien. — Die dünnschaligen, fast runden Eier messen 85 y: 79 u

(@ aus 10).

Die Larven von durchschnittlich 93 y Länge und 78 y Breite zeigen bei gleichem

Habitus wie bei anderen Arten der Untergattung eine auffällige regelmässige Wellung

der Ventralseite (Abb. 10) und der Dorsalseite. Die Krallen der Beinendglieder sind

80 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 3, 1968

Tabelle II. Messwerte und Determinationsmerkmale von Psorergates-Männchen von Insektivoren.

Angaben in y.

Art: desmanae talpae crocidurae sorici

Anzahl gemessene Exemplare: 5 7 10 10

Körperlänge im Durchschnitt 137 115 -111 AI

Körperlänge Minimum 132 108 105 102

Körperlänge Maximum 146 120 114 115

Körperbreite im Durchschnitt 112 94 90 87

Körperbreite Minimum 105 90 85 84

Körperbreite Maximum 120 99 93 935

Terminalhaare 72—89 51—54 42—48 52—60

Ventralhaare ASS 3 2—3 3—4

Ventralhaarabstand 7—8 7—10 12—14 10—14

Trochanterhaare 9—10 7—8 8—9 7

Anzahl Femurhaare IV 2 2 2 1

Femurhaare I-III 15—20 25—28 18—23 20—25

Femurhaare IV 25—36 30—33 20—25 20—25

Genuhaare I-III 4 3 3 2

Genuhaare IV 35—40 40—45 30—33 27—34

Tarsus II da. 5 3 2 3

Tarsus II d.p. 14—15 14—16 0 15

Schildlänge im Durchschnitt 87 73 Uy 7a

Schildlänge Minimum 84 72 75 70

Schildlänge Maximum 90 74 84 78

Schildbreite im Durchschnitt Ti 64 67 59

Schildbreite Minimum 75 62 64 57

Schildbreite Maximum 81 66 70 62

2. Schildhaar 4—4,5 4 3—4 3—4

Palptibiahaar 5 3,5 3 2

Gnathosomahaar IV 6 TS TS

Penis 28—31 25—29 24—27 36—38

Penisscheide 23—24 18 15—16 NINA

Genitalhaarabstand vorn 9—10 10—11 12—13 12—14

Genitalhaarabstand hinten 10—11 9 7—8 5

Anzahl Krallenspitzen 1 1 5 2

dreispitzig (Abb. 11). Auf den Beinen I und II ist je ein Sinneskolben vorhanden.

Die Gnathosomahaare (Abb. 12) sind in der gleichen Grösse wie bei den Adulten.

ausgebildet (Abb. 5, 6 von 9, 13 von &). Die Art unterscheidet sich dadurch von

allen bislang beschriebenen Arten von Rodentia. Die dorsalen hinteren Palptibiahaare

(Abb. 16) sind ebenfalls fast in der gleichen Form und Grösse wie bei den Adulten

vorhanden.

Die Protonymphen von durchschnittlich 111 u Länge und 90 u Breite besitzen gleich-

artig gebildete Gnathosomahaare (Abb. 15) und Palptibiahaare (Abb. 17). Im Ven-

tralbereich der Ventralseite ist die Wellung längsgerichtet.

Die Existenz der morphologisch etwa gleichgebauten Deutonymphe geht aus Häu-

F. LukoscHus : Krätzmilben von Insektivoren 81

tungsstadien hervor, in denen sich eine Form mit vier Paaren kurzer, zweigliedriger

Beine in einer gleichartigen Form entwickelt. Die Deutonymphen sind im Durchschnitt

130 u lang und 103 u breit. Deutonymphen, in denen sich Adulte entwickeln, zeigen

Gnathosomahaare wie Abb. 14 und Palptibiahaare wie Abb. 18. Die Wellung der

Ventralseite ähnt der des Weibchens. Bei gutgestreckten Präparaten kònnen Proto- und

Deutonymphe durch die Stellung der Beine IV unterschieden werden. Bei der Deuto-

nymphe ist der Abstand der Beine voneinander fast doppelt so gross wie bei der

Protonymphe.

Wirt und Verbreitung. — Die Typenserie entstammt einer Talpa europaea europaea

L., die am 22.VI.1967 bei Nijmegen gefangen wurde. Weitere parasitierte Tiere der

gleichen Wirtsart: 4 aus der Umgebung des Typenfangplatzes 6.VI.1967—24.I.1968, 7

aus der Umgebung von Villanua, Prov. Huesca, Spanien, 11.VII.1966—20.V.1967

(Alkoholmaterial des Centro Pirenaico de Biologia Experimental, Jaca).

Einfluss der Parasiten auf den Wirt. — Die Milben sitzen oberflächlich in der

Epidermis des äusseren Gehörganges. Sie verursachen dort Hyperceratosis und Hyper-

funktion der Talgdrüsen. Bei den bislang untersuchten, nur schwach parasitierten

Wirten wurde ein Befall anderer Körperstellen nicht festgestellt.

Typen. — Holotype 9 und Allotype 3 in Leiden. Paratypen 9 und ¢ in London,

Paris, Washington, Antwerpen, Nijmegen. Paratypen 9 in Hamburg, Leningrad,

Madrid.

Psorergates (Psorergates) crocidurae spec. nov. (Abb. 20—32)

Mit den Charakteren der Familie Psorergatidae Dubinin (1955) und der Unter-

gattung Psorergates Tyrell (Fain, 1961).

Weibchen (Holotype). — Lange einschliesslich Gnathosoma 135 u, bei 10 gemes-

senen Paratypen @ 129 u (123—138). Breite 108 y, bei den Paratypen O 104 y

(96—112).

Ventralansicht (Abb. 23). Die weichhäutige Ventralfläche ist im medianen Bereich

schwach längsgewellt. Die sehr kurzen Ventralhaare (2 u) stehen 16 u (13—18 u bei

den Paratypen) weit auseinander. Die Epimeren I sind am Ende nach aussen gebogen

und mit einer feinen nach vorn laufenden Linie eiförmig geschlossen. Ein halbkreis-

formiger Epimerenteil ragt kielartig aus der Ventralfläche heraus. Die unter der Korper-

oberfläche liegenden Epimeren II-IV besitzen an ihren inneren Enden langovale helle

Flächen. Die zwischen den beiden Längswülsten langgestreckte Genitalöffnung von

12 y ist in ihrem vordersten Teil durch eine Hautduplikatur der Ventralfläche über-

deckt. Die Terminalhaare sind etwa 55 y lang.

Die Beine sind ventral, weit seitlich eingesetzt. Alle Trochanteres haben nach unten

und zum vorderen Körperdrittel gerichtete kräftige spitze Apophysen. Trochanterhaare

ca. 8 p. Der stärker chitinisierte Basalteil des Trochanters läuft gegenüber der Femur-

apophyse in eine sehr kleine, abstehende Hautduplikatur aus. Der Femur aller Beinpaare

trigt auf der ventralen hinteren Seite ein Haarpaar und eine nach unten abstehende,

spitze Apophyse. Bei den Haarpaaren ist das äussere Haar etwas länger. Es misst auf

Femur I-III 20—25 y, auf Femur IV 25—33 y. Die Haare auf Genu I-III sind sehr

kurz (3 u), auf Genu IV sehr kräftig und 30—35 y lang. Die kurze Tibia trägt ventral

vorn einen kurzen gekriimmten Dorn (fehlt auf Bein IV) und dorsal median ein

längeres Haar. Die Tarsi haben ventral vorn einen kurzen kräftigen Dorn und dorsal

sehr fein, 3 „ lange setae d.a. (Abb. 24). Die dorsale posteriore setae sind nicht vorhan-

82 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 3, 1968

Abb. 20—25. Psorergates (Psorergates) crocidurae spec. nov. 20. Holotype Weibchen dorsal, 21.

Palptarsus einer gequetschten Paratype, 22. Gnathosomahaar der Holotype, 23. Holotype Weibchen

ventral, 24. Bein II, Tibia-Tarsus dorsal einer Paratype, 25, Krallenpaar stärker vergrössert,

F. LugkoscHus : Krätzmilben von Insektivoren 83

den. Die beiden kräftigen dreispitzigen Krallen (Abb. 25) und das zweigeteilte Haft-

läppchen sind ventral am Tarsusende angesetzt. Auf Tarsus I und II ist dorsal je ein

dickerer Sinneskolben und ein winziges Sinneshaar in einer kleinen Hautduplikatur

vorhanden.

Dorsalansicht (Abb. 20). Das am Vorderrande auffällig eingebuchtete Rückenschild

ist gut chitinisiert und bis zum Schildrande deutlich fein punktiert. Die Schildlänge

(von der Verbindungslinie der vorderen Spitzen an gemessen) beträgt 82 u, bei den

Paratypen @ 82 u (78—85), die Breite 69 u, bei den Paratypen @ 69 u (66—72).

Die Schildhaare stehen auf kleinen unpunktierten Höfen, seitliche Schildhaare 4 u,

vordere paramediane Haare 1 u. Auf der Schildfläche sind in regelmässiger Anordnung

12 dunkle Punkte vorhanden.

Gnathosoma und Mundteile sind wie bei anderen Psorergates-Arten aufgebaut. Abb.

21 zeigt die Ausbildungsform der Palptarsuskrallen von einer gequetschten Paratype.

Das ca. 7 u lange, abgeflachte Gnathosomahaar ist am Ende mehrfach eingekerbt, die

aufliegende breitere Deckschuppe ist am Rande in 5—7 abgestumpfte Enden ausgezogen

(Abb. 22). Die feinen hinteren Palptibiahaare messen nur 3 u.

Männchen (Allotype). — Körperlänge einschliesslich Gnathosoma 111 y, bei 10

gemessenen Paratypen @ 111 x (105—-114). Körperbreite 90 y, bei den Paratypen

D 90 u (85—93).

Ventralansicht wie beim Weibchen, jedoch nur zwei Terminalhaare auf einem lang-

gestreckten stärker chitinisierten Schildchen (Abb. 28). Körper und Beinbehaarung

etwas kürzer als beim Weibchen (Messdaten in Tabelle IT).

Dorsalansicht (Abb. 26). An der Mitte des Vorderrandes des Rückenschildes liegt

die langovale Genitalöffnung inmitten eines Bereiches, der stärker chitinisiert und

dichter punktiert ist. Die winzigen Härchen an den Seiten der Genitalöffnung stehen

in kleinen, unpigmentierten hellen Höfen. Das vordere Haarpaar steht 12—13 n, das

hintere 7—8 y weit auseinander. Auf der Rückenschildfläche sind 10 dunkle Punkte

in gesetzmässiger Anordnung vorhanden. Der Penis misst 24—27 y, seine Scheide

15—16 u. Die Ausbildungsform des Penis wird aus Seitenansichten (Abb. 27) deutlich.

Gnathosoma, Mundteile, Palptibiahaare und Gnathosomahaare (Abb. 29) unterscheiden

sich nicht vom Weibchen.

Entwicklungsstadien. — Die etwa runden, dünnschaligen Eier (O aus 20) messen

85 u: 76 y. Larven und Nymphen sind wie bei anderen Psorergates-Arten ausgebildet.

Die Larven messen (© aus 10) 85 : 70 y. Palptibiahaare und Gnathosomahaare (Abb.

32) unterscheiden sich nicht wesentlich von der Ausbildung der Adulten. Die Proto-

nymphen besitzen dicht beieinander stehende Beine IV. In der Grösse der Gnathoso-

mahaare (Abb. 31) und der Palptibiahaare unterscheiden sie sich nicht wesentlich von

anderen Entwicklungsstadien. Die Protonymphen sind im Durchschnitt (10) 100 y lang

und 74 n breit. Die Deutonymphen haben weiter auseinander stehende Beine IV. Sie

messen (© aus 10) 126 : 94 y. Die Gnathosomahaare (Abb. 30) sind wie bei den

anderen Entwicklungsstadien ähnlich wie bei den Adulten aufgebaut, die Deckschuppe

ist etwas verkürzt.

Wirt und Verbreitung. — Die Typenserie entstammt einer Crocidura russula russula

(Hermann), die am 12.VI.1967 bei Nijmegen gefangen wurde. Acht Tiere der gleichen

Wirtsart von mehreren Fangplitzen in der Umgebung von Nijmegen, ein Wirt von

Banyuls (Alkoholmaterial des Laboratoire Arago, Banyuls) und je ein Wirt von Lerida

und Madrid (Alkoholmaterial des Centro Pirenaico de Biologia Experimental, Jaca)

waren ebenfalls parasitiert.

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 3, 1968

50u

100 u

Abb. 26—32. Psorergates (Psorergates) crocidurae spec. nov. 26. Allotype Männchen dorsal, 27.

Penis einer Paratype, 28. Sklerit mit Terminalhaaren der Allotype, 29—32. Gnathosomahaare der

Allotype (29), der Deutonymphe (30), der Protonymphe (31) und der Larve (32). Abb. 33—34.

Psorergates (Psorergates) sorici spec. nov. 33. Dorsalnsicht der Allotype Männchen, 34. Sklerit mit

Terminalhaaren der Allotype

F. LukoscHus: Krätzmilben von Insektivoren 85

Einfluss des Parasiten auf den Wirt. — Die Milben sitzen in der Epidermis des

spärlich behaarten Tibiabereiches der Hinterbeine und am Rande der Ohrmuschel und

der Ohrmuschelfalten. Sie verursachen dort eine Hypertrophie von Epidermis und

Bindegewebe. Bei stärkerem Befall treten blutdurchsetzte Krusten auf. Sekundärinfektio-

nen sind bei alterem Befall wahrscheinlich. Abb. 41 zeigt ein Foto des abgeschnittenen

Ohres des Typenwirtes. Auf der Fläche der Ohrmuschelfalte ist ein Befall grösserer

Ausdehnung vorhanden, der einige kleine Blutkrusten enthält. Der Rand ist zu acht,

teilweise grösseren gallartigen Epidermiswucherungen ausgewachsen.

Typen. — Holotype © und Allotype & in Leiden. Paratypen @ und 4 in London,

Paris, Washington, Hamburg, Antwerpen, Leningrad, Madrid, Nijmegen.

Psorergates (Psorergates) sorici spec. nov. (Abb. 33—40)

Mit den Charakteren der Familie Psorergatidae Dubinin (1955) und der Untergat-

tung Psorergates Tyrell (Fain, 1961).

Weibchen (Holotype). — Lange einschliesslich Gnathosoma 123 u, bei 10 gemessenen

Paratypen © 123 u (117—135). Breite 96 u, bei den Paratypen © 95 u (93—99).

Ventralansicht (Abb. 38). Die weichhäutige Ventralfläche ist nur vor der Genital-

öffnung schwach gewellt. Die Ventralhaare von 4 u Länge stehen 9 u (9—12) weit

auseinander. Der vordere Teil der Epimeren I liegt wie die Epimeren II-IV im Kôrper.

Der hintere Epimerenteil I ragt in der Form eines fast geschlossenen Kreises kielartig

weit aus der Ventralfläche heraus. Es entsteht der Eindruck von Saugnäpfen. Die

Terminalhaare messen 54 u (52—60). Die ca. 10 n lange Genitalöffnung liegt lang-

gestreckt zwischen zwei Längswülsten.

Die Beine sind ventral, weit seitlich eingesetzt. Die Trochanterapophysen sind vorn

abgestumpft. Die Hautduplikatur der Chitinversteifung der Trochanterbasis ist klein

und wenig abstehend. Trochanterhaare 9—10 u. Der Femur trägt eine weit nach unten

abstehende Apophyse und auf Beinpaar I-III zwei Haare, auf Femur IV nur ein Haar.

Das äussere wenig längere Haar misst auf Beinpaar I-III 25 u, auf Bein IV 30 u. Auf

einem kleinen Höcker von Genu I-III steht ein sehr kurzes (2 „) Haar, von Genu IV

ein dickes, 35 u langes Haar. Die Tibia trägt ventral vorn einen diinnen gekriimmten

Dorn (fehlt auf Tibia IV) und dorsal median ein längeres Haar. Der Tarsus hat ventral

vorn einen stärkeren gekriimmten Dorn und dorsal lateral zwei Haare ungleicher

Länge (Abb. 39); die dorsale anteriore setae messen 3—4 u, die dorsale posteriore setae

14—18 y (d.p. fehlt auf Tarsus IV). Die kräftigen zweispitzigen Krallen (Abb. 40)

und das zweigeteilte Haftlippchen sind ventral am Tarsusende angefiigt. Tarsus I und

II besitzen dorsal einen grösseren Sinneskolben und ein winziges Sinneshärchen in einer

kleinen Hautduplikatur.

Dorsalansicht (Abb. 35). Das gut chitinisierte und bis zum Rande gleichmässig

punktierte Rückenschild ist am Vorderrande eingebuchtet. Die Linge von der Verbin-

dungslinie der beiden vorderen Spitzen an gemessen beträgt 79 u, bei den Paratypen

haare stehen auf kleinen unpunktierten Höfen deutlich vom Schildrande entfernt. Die

seitlichen Schildhaare sind 4—5 y lang, die vorderen 1 u. Auf der Schildfläche sind

in regelmässiger Anordnung auch bei allen beobachteten Paratypen 12 dunkle Punkte

vorhanden.

Gnathosoma und Mundteile sind wie bei anderen Psorergates-Arten aufgebaut. Das

ca. 9 y lange flache Gnathosomahaar ist an seinem Ende unterschiedlich lang gelappt

86 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 3, 1968

36,3740

Abb. 35—40. Psorergates (Psorergates) sorici spec. nov. 35. Holotype Weibchen dorsal, 36.

Gnathosomahaar der Holotype seitlich, 37. Gnathosomahaar dorsal, 38. Holotype ventral, 39.

Bein II, Tibia und Tarsus dorsal, 40. Krallenpaar stärker vergrössert.

F. LukoscHus : Krätzmilben von Insektivoren 87

(Abb. 37). Der Aufbau aus aufliegender breiter gezähnter Deckschuppe und flachem

Haar geht aus Seitenansichten (Abb. 36) hervor. Die dünnen hinteren Palptibiahaare

sind nur 2—3 u lang.

Männchen (Allotype). — Körperlänge einschliesslich Gnathosoma 114 u, bei 10

gemessenen Paratypen @ 111 u (102—115). Breite 90 u, bei den Paratypen © 87 u

(84—93).

Ventralansicht wie beim Weibchen, jedoch mit nur zwei Terminalhaaren auf einem

langgestreckten stärker chitinisierten Schildchen (Abb. 34). Haare etwas kürzer als

beim Weibchen (Tabelle II).

Dorsalansicht (Abb. 33). Das gut chitinisierte und punktierte Rückenschild besitzt

hinter dem 2. Haarpaar typische, bei allen Paratypen gleichförmig ausgebildete Ein-

buchtungen, in die sich die weichhäutige, regelmässig fein gewellte Rückenhaut hin-

einzieht. Die Genitalòffnung ist an den Vorderrand des Rückenschildes verlagert. Die

inneren (hinteren) Genitalhaare kommen dadurch auf ihren langovalen hellen Schild-

chen an den Vorderrand des Schildes. Die inneren Härchen stehen 5 u, die äusseren

12—14 y weit auseinander. Die Seitenhaare des Schildes stehen auf grösseren hellen

Höfen. Der 36—38 y lange Penis ist sehr dünn und spitz, er ragt bei allen Paratypen

weit aus der Genitalöffnung heraus. Die Penisscheide misst nur 11—14 u. Auf der

Schildfläche sind auch bei allen Paratypen 12 dunkle Punkte in regelmässiger Anord-

nung vorhanden. Bei einigen Paratypen sind zusätzlich Punkte in Stellung d vorhanden.

Entwicklungsstadien. — Die dünnschaligen fast runden Eier sind im Durchschnitt

81 u : 78 y gross. Die Entwicklungsstadien sind wie die Adulten im Vergleich zu P.

talpae und crocidurae etwas mehr langgestreckt.

Wirt und Verbreitung. — Die Typenserie entstammt einem Sorex araneus araneus

pee

Abb. 41. Abgetrennte Ohrmuschel von Crocidura russula (Typenwirt) mit starkerem Psorergates-

Befall. Erläuterung im Text. Foto H. J. M. Spruyt.

88 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 3, 1968

L., der am 26.V.1967 bei Nijmegen gefangen wurde. Sechs weitere Tiere der gleichen

Wirtsart aus der Umgebung von Nijmegen und zwei aus dem Alkoholmaterial des

Zoologischen Laboratoriums, Leiden, waren ebenfalls parasitiert.

Einfluss der Parasiten auf den Wirt. — Die Milben sitzen oberflächlich in der

Epidermis der Ohrmuschel und des schwachbehaarten Tibiabereiches der Hinterbeine.

Sie verursachen dort Hyperceratosis. Blutschorfe an den Hinterbeinen weisen darauf

hin, dass der Wirt sich stärker belästigt fühlt.

Typen. — Holotype @ und Allotype 4 in Leiden. Paratypen 9 und ¢ in London,

Paris, Washington, Hamburg, Antwerpen, Leningrad, Madrid, Nijmegen.

Abgrenzung gegenüber benachbarten Arten

In einer vorangegangenen Untersuchung (Lukoschus, Fain & Beaujean, 1967) wurden

die bis dahin bekannten 17 Arten der Untergattung Psorergates (Psorergates) nach

ihren Merkmalen in Gruppen einander nahestehender Arten zusammengefasst. Die

Typenart der Familie P. (P.) simplex Tyrell (1883) konnte dabei nicht berücksichtigt

werden, da die Beschreibung dafür nicht ausreichend ist und die Typenexemplare ver-

loren gegangen sind.

In den Tabellen I und II sind die Messdaten von ® und & der an Insektivoren

parasitierenden Arten zusammengefasst. Fett und kursiv weisen dabei auf wichtige

Determinationsmerkmale hin. Den Arten auf Insektivoren ist gemeinsam:

1. sehr kurze setae dorsal anterior auf den Tarsen;

2. vorn stark ausgebuchtetes Rückenschild;

3. alle Schildhaare deutlich vom Schildrande entfernt;

4. Gnathosomahaare gekerbt oder gelappt;

5. Terminalhaare beim Männchen auf einem längeren, stärker chitinisierten Sklerit.

Diese Merkmale unterscheiden die Arten von Insektivoren deutlich von den Arten,

die Rodentia parasitieren. Die Arten P. (P.) desmanae, talpae, crocidurae und sorici

können deshalb als Insektivoren-Gruppe innerhalb der Untergattung Psorergates sensu

Fain (1961) zusammengefasst werden.

Die Gesetzmässig angeordneten dunklen Punkte auf dem Riickenschild verdienen

weitere Beachtung. Es handelt sich dabei nicht um stark reduzierte Haare, wie sie bei

den Arten P. P. pitymydis und deomydis beobachtet wurden.

Literatur

Dubinin, W., 1955. Acariens der rongeurs d’U.R.S.S. II. Psorergatidae. Trav. Acad. Sci. U.R.S.S.

(Zool.) 59: 150—152.

Fain, A., 1961. Notes sur le genre Psorergates Tyrell. Description de Psorergates ovis Womersley

et d'une espèce nouvelle. Acarologia 3 : 60—71.

Fain, A., F. Lukoschus & P. Hallmann, 1966. Le genre Psorergates chez les muridés. Description

de trois espèces nouvelles (Psorergatidae: Trombidiformes). Acarologia 8: 251—274.

Lukoschus, F., A. Fain & M. M. J. Beaujean, 1967. Beschreibung neuer Psorergates-Arten.

Tijdschr. Ent. 110 : 133—181.

Lukoschus, F., 1968. Psorergates desmanae spec. nov., eine neue Krätzmilbe von Galemys pyrenaicus

(Psorergatidae: Trombidiformes). Bull. Mus. Nat. d'Hist. Nat., Paris 40 (1) (im Druck).

Michael, A. D., 1889. On some unrecorded Acari found in Great Britain. J. Linn. Soc. (Zool.),

London 20 : 400—406, pl. 26.

Till, W. M., 1960. Psorergates oettlei n.sp. A mange-causing mite from the multimammate rat

(Acarina: Psorergatidae). Acarologia 2 : 75—79.

Tyrell, J. B., 1883. On the occurrence in Canada of two species of parasitic mites. Proc. Canad.

Inst. Toronto n.s. 1: 342—343, pl. IV.

PS oN AA x

LIS } Cona: at 4 1 } x 4 a

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and East Asiatic Psenini. Genus Psen Latreille (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae),

pp. 89—135, Figs. 1—44.

Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, deel 111, afl. 4 Gepubliceerd 10-X-1968

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CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE ORANDO-

AUSTRALIAN, SOUTH PACIFIC AND EAST ASIAMERPSENINI

GENUS PSEN LATREILLE (HYMENOPTERA, SPHECIDAE)

J. P. VAN LITH

ABSTRACT

New species and subspecies of the subgenus Pser Latreille from the Indo-Australian and South

Pacific regions are described: aspites, nepalensis, sauteri, elisabethae madrasiensis, heinrichi, regalis,

marjoriae, paulus paulus, paulus baduriensis, paulus subtilis, vadosus, bishopi, simlensis, sedlaceki.

Of a few species described earlier from only one sex the opposite sex was found. A new key

is given for the subgenus Pser, now including species from Indo-Australia, the South Pacific

Islands and East Asia. A new subgenus, Punctipsen, is erected to receive P. exaratus (Eversmann)

of which a new subspecies, exaratus indicus, is described. A remarkable new species, inflatus, has

been collected by the Third Archbold Expedition, 1938—1939, to New Guinea. It may belong

to the subgenus Mimesa Shuckard, a taxon not yet recorded from Indo-Australia.

During the last few years a relatively great number of Psenini became available for

study. Most of these Psenini were collected in the Indo-Australian and South Pacific

area for the Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu. The directors of the museum of the

Humboldt-University, Berlin, and of the Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Eberswalde,

had the kindness to send me their Psenini, including those collected by H. Sauter in

Formosa (also his types) and by G. Heinrich in Celebes. Especially the forms from

Celebes proved to be very interesting, some being strongly different from the other

Indo-Australian Psen Latreille and Psenulus Kohl. The new species of Psen from

Celebes are described in this paper; the genus Psenulus will be discussed in a future

publication. Dr. G. R. Ferguson, Scarsdale, and the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke His-

torie, Leiden, obtained some good specimens from South India from P. S. Nathan,

including a new subspecies of Psen exaratus (Eversmann), which is the first record of

this species from Southern Asia. Through the kind intermediary of Prof. Dr. J. van

der Vecht and Dr. V. Gupta I received some fresh material from North India.

Dr. C. R. Baltazar, Manila, and Dr. Henry K. Townes, Ann Arbor, sent me some

Psenini from the Philippines and Japan. Our knowledge of the Psenini from New

Guinea and Papua could be much improved, to which the material collected for the

British Museum (Natural History) by Miss L. E. Cheesman has also contributed.

Important work has been done by Prof. Dr. K. Tsuneki, Fukui, Japan, who studied

Sphecidae, including a number of Psenini, from the Ryukyus and Formosa. In my keys

to the subgenera Psen and Punctipsen I have tried to include the species treated in his

publications.

I express my gratitude to all these institutions and entomologists. Special thanks are

due to Dr. K. V. Krombein for allowing me to study his material from Ambon, New

Guinea and Papua, although he had originally reserved this for his own publications

on Sphecidae from this region.

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 4, 1968

Now 65 species and subspecies of the subgenus Psen are known from East Asia and

Indo-Australia. From Formosa, the Ryukyus and the South Pacific Islands 15 species

and

The

subspecies are added here, making a total of 80 (64 species and 16 subspecies).

subgenera Punctipsen, Mimumesa, Mimesa, Pseneo and Odontopsen count together

15 species and 9 subspecies. The extension of my study to the South Pacific Psenini

revealed interesting close relationships between forms of the group of P. elisabethae

occurring in the area from South India to Samoa.

The names of the institutions and entomologists are abbreviated as follows:

BISH — Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu

BM — British Museum (Natural History), London

BPIM — Bureau of Plant Industry, Entom. Research Section, Manila

Coll. Ferguson — Dr. G. R. Ferguson, Scarsdale, New York, U.S.A.

ML — Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden

OUM — Oxford University Museum, Hope Department of Entomology,

Oxford

Coll. Townes — Dr. Henry K. Townes and Dr. M. Townes, Ann Arbor, U.S.A.

UDE — University of Delhi, Department of Entomology, Delhi

USNM — United States National Museum, Washington D.C.

ZMB — Zoologisches Museum der Humboldt-Universitàt, Berlin

a ol

KEY TO THE INDO-AUSTRALIAN, SOUTH PACIFIC AND EAST ASIATIC SPECIES

OF THE SUBGENUS Psen LATREILLE

. Tarsi of fore legs of male laterally enlarged into a broad plate (fig. 1). Clypeus

with broad and smooth ivory-white margin. Underside of head with. long white

hairs. Mesosternum short. Legs largely reddish; gaster including petiole reddish.

Female unknown. (S. ‚Gelebes) wer CITI IE aspites sp. n.

Fore tarsi of male without plate. Clypeus without ivory-white margin. Mesosternum

longer, ini RETI III SITI IATA LITI TITTI 2

Female with long and pointed interantennal tooth (lateral view); pygidial area

broadly triangular, densely punctate. Mid basitarsi of male broadened ......... 3

Interantennal tooth less strong. Basitarsus of mid legs of male normal ......... 5

All tarsal segments of mid legs of male of abnormal shape. Face of female silvery;

third antennal segment at most three times as long as it is broad at apex. Antennal

segments 6—13 of male with tyloidea. (Europe, Siberia, China, Mongolia, Korea

and Japam)ae. ner. ee ee lege. II ater

Only basitarsus of mid legs of male with hook-shaped protuberance ............ 4

Antennal segments 6—12 (or 13) of male with tyloidea. Face of female golden;

third antennal segment more than three times as long as it is broad at apex.

(Japan) u... Re RAR CR III aurifrons

Antennae of male without tyloidea. Female unknown. (Japan) ...... yasumatsui

Posterior margin of gastral tergites with fringe of long hairs. ..................... 6

No distinct fringe of long hairs indd ndgn 20er EE 13

Back of propodeum in both sexes with irregular carination. Scape of antennae

thick, further antennal segments normally slender. Pygidial area of female densely

punctate. Antennae of male with tyloidea. Underside of petiole smooth in both

sexes: \Group).0f P. emangenalusı EOS secre een eee ee eee 7

10.

IM.

12%

13:

14.

J. P. van LrrH: Oriental species of the genus Psen 91

Back of propodeum, especially of females, with parallel striation. Antennae thick,

flagellum almost as broad as scape. Pygidial area of female broadly triangular,

dull, an irregular row of punctures along the margin. Antennae of male without

tyloidea. Underside of petiole irregular. Group of P. curvipilosus ............ ul

Posterior margin of tergites with fringe of black hairs. Gaster black with bluish

shinesabemale, unknown (Malay) en ee nen ee pilosus

Fringe of hairs on posterior margin of tergites paler ................................. 8

. First gastral tergite reddish-brown laterally. Posterior margin of tergites with

fringe of long fuscous-golden hairs. Face of female pale golden. Length of female

13=—I4ymmy of malen lE 12 mm. (Japan). en le nete tee dzimm

Nordistinceredion first) gastral tersite inte 2e eee cesser nnt 9

. Posterior margin of tergites with dense fringe of golden-brown, slightly bent hairs.

Face of female pale golden. Length about 9 mm. Male unknown (E. Nepal) ......

ARR LITRO PARENT SOSTARE OLII RT nepalensis sp. n.

Hairs on posterior margin of tergites paler .......................................... 10

Posterior margin of tergites with dense fringe of yellowish-grey long hairs. Disk

of tergites with dense pubescence. Face of female golden. Length about 12 mm.

Malemunknow ten (Formosa) teen sauteri sp. n.

Posterior margin of tergites with inconspicuous fringe of yellowish stiff hairs. Disk

of tergites normally pubescent. Face of both sexes silvery. Length of female about

li0*mm*ofimaletaboutt8:5tmmi (Java, Borneo) tn emarginatus

Curved long hairs along margin of gastral tergites and pubescence on disk of

tergites golden-brown. Pubescence of face pale golden in both sexes. (Java) … …

scat doder ed JENGA ARANEOS OO curvipilosus

Curved hairs almost black, pubescence on disk of fourth, fifth and sixth gastral

terpites greyish Pubescencerofs face SILVER) rer eee eee cesse 12

Hind tibiae brown. Larger. Punctures on second gastral tergite indistinct. In

female end of petiole coarsely punctate ventrally, but punctures not deep. In male

underside of petiole not or slightly concave on either side of median carina, very

coarsely striato-punctate there. Carinae on either side of median ventral carina

usually of irregular length. (Sumatra, Malaya, Formosa?) … … lieftincki lieftincki

Hind tibiae darker, nearly black. Smaller. Punctures on second gastral tergite

more distinct but still fine. In female end of petiole below much finer punctate.

In male underside of petiole concave on either side of median carina, few punc-

tures only. Carinae on either side of median ventral carina usually of about equal

mein (ONE) asso ersehen lieftincki minor

Mandibles extremely broad. Interantennal carina often ending in a transverse,

much protruding carina. Pygidial area of female triangular, dull, an irregular

row of punctures along the margin. In female, sometimes also in male, part of the

longitudinal carinae of the enclosed area of the propodeum distinctly continued

on to back of propodeum. Antennae of male probably always without tyloidea.

Group OL PEUR TIM eine nere nie ein 14

Mandi lest Ema Nee attente deelen « 19

Petiole more or less quadrate in cross section; sides depressed, consequently with

distinct longitudinal edges above and below. Median ventral carina present 15

Petiole rounded below and only upper lateral edges distinct or petiole almost

eylindkieal 28. ordende eenden sasenondendeneaneenernensvdsressensenseemersend enn nrenverseenee 16

97.

115)

16.

19.

20.

21°

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 4, 1968

Posterior end of petiole about 1 2/3 times as broad as base of petiole. Reticulate

carination on back of propodeum rather coarse. Ventral median carina sharper. Punc-

turation of frons very fine but distinct, sparser on vertex. Female unknown.

(SIDERNO IIS éagosaupncengoc oc 0e ussuriensis

Petiole more slender, sides almost parallel. Carination on back of propodeum less

coarse. Frons and vertex almost impunctate. Ventral median carina of petiole of

malesweaker»Racerot temale’silvery.2 (Japaner m en ee tsunekit

Legs dark, tibiae brown. Frons and vertex with extremely fine puncturation. Back

of propodeum with very coarse and irregular carination; a few of the longitudinal

carinae of the enclosed area distinctly continued on to the back. Female unknown.

(CASSa OOO TTT ASSAMENSIS

Less, atleastitibiae, patty ed... TE 17

Only tibiae and tarsi reddish. Femora nearly black, underside brown. Antennae

dark brown, underside paler, scape dark. Face of female golden. Male unknown.

(Burma) is IT vechti birmanicus

Legs completely ‘or largely *reddish o IP 18

Scape of antennae reddish, also underside of flagellum. All legs, except trochan-

ters, completely red. Sides of petiole finely punctate. Face of female golden. Male

Unknown. (JAVA) vu... scp se doc edge Se ge vechti vechti

Scape of antennae black with iridescent shine, flagellum slightly brownish. Fore

and mid femora largely black. No tyloidea. Face of male silvery. Female unknown.

(Eotmosa) iI shirozui

Behind enclosed area of propodeum on both sides of median sulcus a smooth

area, at most finely coriaceous. In case the smooth area is narrow and indistinct

(cf. P. politiventris and P. orientalis) the dorsal side and back of propodeum forming

an obtuse angle (cf. P. refractus if propodeum more or less smooth only dorso-

laterally, behind enclosed area and second recurrent vein ending in third sub-

marginal cell). Pygidial area of female (as far as known) with one row of

punctures ‚along Margin ,...................0. ect: RL 20

No smooth or coriaceous area behind enclosed area of propodeum, near median

sulcus; carinae on back of propodeum extending to enclosed area. Dorsal side and

back of propodeum always curved in lateral view. Pygidial area of female densely

Pünetate pica inni ATO TIE 63

Smooth (or coriaceous) areas behind enclosed area of propodeum broad, oblong,

covering a large part of back of propodeum. Propodeum in lateral view usually

gently curved, in some species somewhat angular. Second recurrent vein of fore

wings never ending in third submarginal cell. Antennae of male without tyloidea 21

Smooth areas narrower and for the greater part situated on the horizontal part

of the propodeum. Propodeum in lateral view more angular, distinctly divided into

an almost horizontal dorsal part and an almost perpendicular back part. Second

recurrent vein of fore wings in some species ending in third submarginal cell 38

Pygidial area of female broadly triangular, surface coriaceous, one row of punctures

along margin. Mesosternum with acetabular carina about as long as half the dis-

tance between the epicnemial carinae (in male even longer). Upper part of pro-

podeum not coriaceous. (Group:0fP.7/{44 LOI 22

Pygidial area of female elongate triangular, smooth and shining. Acetabular carina

22),

26.

Lijs

28.

J. P. vAN LitH: Oriental species of the genus Psen 93

shorter (except in male of P. coriaceus and P. heinrich). Group of P. elisabethae

BARA NE LL CARE RCI PNA A UE Glare i RT NOIR 23

Gaster, especially first tergite, finer and less densely punctate, pubescence sparser.

Legs darker, in female hind tibiae only at knees and apices somewhat brownish.

Length about 7.5—9 mm. (Java, Krakatau I., Bangka I., Sumatra, Ceylon, S. India)

ARCA LRO Pl Ad RL nitidus nitidus

Gaster somewhat stronger pubeseent especially on first tergite, also puncturation

there slightly stronger. In female basal third of hind tibiae yellowish-brown.

Benesthraboue 83mm: (Formosa) snes nno nitidus takasago

Margin of gastral tergites 2—-5 impunctate, this margin broadest medially; in male

almost amrew /minutes piliferousi punctures we.) Inn 24

Only margin of fifth tergite impunctate, puncturation on tergites 2—4 almost

feachine apical marginy butjsometimes | Very Sparse nt. sn 32

Pétioleandlesstimcludinottrochanters redire PRE CREER nee 25

Pétioleblack#alsonlecstlareelVablackRiOb ro RER ner en 28

Also first two gastral tergites red. Disk of first gastral tergite very sparsely

punctate. Pubescence of face silvery, of head and thorax reddish-brown. Length

about 10 mm; petiole about seven times as long as wide in the middle. Male

unknownia(Solomomtiis) PEER AAA SO. RIA. bishopi sp. n.

Gastralitter cites blacks n Tec AE EEE FORTIS SIE, 26

Punctures of scutum relatively coarse, irregularly placed, partly almost contiguous in

rows but interspaces often two or three times diameter of punctures. Scutum shining.

Antennae entirely black or dark brown. Petiole brighter reddish. Face of female sil-

very, rest of body with greyish pubescence. Length about 6.5—11 mm, petiole about

seven times as long as wide in the middle. (New Guinea, Papua) ..................

eee iaia, Taka ka RARE A AO paulus paulus sp. n.

Bene relatively finer. Usually larger species. Either scape of antennae reddish

omfacelsomewhatlbrassyaBetiolerdarksreddishue. ern EM O. 27

Scutum with somewhat leaden shine, puncturation fine and regular. Scape reddish.

Pubescence of face silvery, of thorax golden-brown. Length about 9.5 mm, petiole

about seven times as long as wide in the middle. Female unknown. (Solomon Is.)

ARRA senad A SAS: paulus subtilis subsp. n.

Puncturation fine on anterior part of scutum, coarser on posterior half. Scape ot

antennae dark brown. Face of female brassy, pubescence of scutum brownish.

Length about 10—12 mm, petiole about seven times as long as wide in the middle.

Male unknown. (New Guinea: Japen I.) ............ paulus baduriensis subsp. n.

Puncturation of frons and scutum very coarse (as in P. coriaceus). Post-ocellar

area and frons raised. Smooth area of propodeum partly with coriaceous sculpture.

Hind basitarsi at least dorsally black-brown, tibial spur of mid and hind legs white.

Pygidial area narrow. Face silvery. Length about 10.5 mm, petiole about eight times

as long as broad in the middle. Male unknown. (Philippines) … … marjoriae sp. n.

Puncturation of frons and scutum much finer. Hind basitarsi usually paler; tibial

spurs yellowish-brown ...............0 000 29

AII tarsi yellowish-brown, also apex of hind tibiae and pubescence of vertex and

scutum brownish. Both recurrent veins of fore wings ending in second submarginal

cell. Length about 9—12.5 mm, petiole about 6—7.5 times as long as wide in

themid dle (News Ireland): en Et novahibernicus

30.

33;

34.

aps

36.

37.

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 4, 1968

Tarsi yellowish-brown or darker, but pubescence of vertex and scutum whitish 30

Tarsi and apex of hind tibiae yellowish-brown as in P. novahibernicus. Enclosed

area of propodeum hardly depressed and indistinctly separated from smooth parts

of propodeum. Length about 8—9 mm, petiole about seven times as long as wide

inthe ymiddlew@Solonmo mils) ET AE vadosus sp. n.

Tarsi more or less darkened, apex of hind tibiae dark. Enclosed area normally

depressed, sande dee tene AR AN SIE PER EEE 31

Tarsi of male darkened, of female largely testaceous. Fasciculate hairs of third and

fourth gastral sternites of male brown. Genitalia of male large. Petiole about 7—8

times as long as wide in the middle. (Samoa) ..............-. ni bryani

Tarsi of male testaceous, of female darkened dorsally. Fasciculate hairs of male

yellow. Petiole about 7.5 times as long as wide in the middle. (New Hebrides)

MIRA RR E e I ee STIER cheesmanae

(I could not find any distinct difference in the puncturation of the scutum of

P. bryani ( & ) and P. cheesmanae (2 and &) and am unable at the moment to

distinguish between the females of these species).

. Legs including trochanters red. Petiole dark reddish-brown, first and second gastral

tergites laterally somewhat reddish-brown. Pronotal tubercles reddish. Face with

appressed golden pubescence, frons and mesosternum with dense, short golden

pubescence. Length about 12 mm, petiole 6.5—7.5 times as long as wide in the

middle. Male unknowa-+(Sc mR TIE E regalis sp. n.

At most tibiae and ‘tarsi reddish, petiolenblack it Tt ver. a een 33

Petiole about eight times as long as wide in the middle. Greater part of femora

dark brown or black. Tibiae and tarsi reddish. Scape of antennae dark. Face silvery.

Length about 8—10 mm. (Java, Sumatra) .................. elisabethae elisabethae

Petiole about five or six times as long as wide in the middle. If petiole much

longer, tibiae not reddish and carination on back of propodeum very coarse 34

Areas behind enclosed area of propodeum with fine but conspicuous coriaceous

sculpture. Vertex raised. Puncturation of scutum very coarse. Inner side of fore

tibiae and all tarsi testaceous (sometimes hind tarsi darkened). Spurs of mid and

hind tibiae yellowish-brown. Length about 8—10 mm, petiole about six times as

long Vas: awiden in the middle (Philippines) Sr. ann. ee regen cortaceus

No coriaceous sculpture. Puncturation of scutum finer ........................... 35

Wettex distinctly raisedsbehindnocellinn att 2.2.2. CERN ne E 36

Vertex mot distinetlyhraisede. nn. PR I ne sees ee Oe eee ees 37

Puncturation of frons and scutum strong, frons and interocellar area raised. Ca-

rination on back of propodeum very strong. Tibiae dark brown, tarsi paler brown.

Length nearly 12 mm, petiole 7—8 times as long as broad in the middle. Female

unknown. h(Gelebesi) we. sys! el EREN DELETE ER heinrichi sp. n.

Puncturation much finer. Vertex raised behind ocelli. Tibiae reddish-brown, tarsi

paler. Length about 9 mm, petiole about five times as long as broad in the middle.

Male unknown.) ((Aimboml an a ee TIERT amboinensis

Face silvery in both sexes. Pubescence of propodeum greyish. Pygidial area of

female as in P. elisabethae elisabethae. Length about 9—10.5 mm, petiole about

five times as long as wide in the middle. (S. India) ......... verversen Eee

ROL Aa Pa. N te elisabethae madrasiensis subsp. n.

Face of female with golden pubescence. Pubescence of propodeum brownish. Py-

38.

39)

42.

43.

44.

45.

J. P. van LITH: Oriental species of the genus Psen 95

gidial area of female slightly broader. Length about 9 mm, petiole about 5.5—6

times as long as wide in the middle. (Malaya, Pulau Tioman) ........

Meen ia OI AE ORI AMES. Oe: elisabethae auricomus

Second recurrent vein of fore wings ending well in third submarginal cell. Man-

dibles reddish except dark tips. Pygidial area narrow, smooth and shining, a few

punctures along the margin. Petiole almost cylindrical. Group of P. rufiventris 39

Second recurrent vein of fore wings interstitial or ending just in third submarginal

cell. Mandibles mostly dark, often median part reddish-brown. Pygidial area of

female triangular, surface finely reticulate, a few punctures along the margin; if

the pygidial area is narrow, the surface is smooth or almost smooth. Petiole cylin-

drical or with lateral groove and ventral carina. Group of P. orientalis ...... 44

Basal half of clypeus much raised, gaster red but petiole and first and third gastral

tergites for the greater part brown-black. Face pale golden. Back of propodeum

with swhitish thairssuMalesunknownt.((Saindia ME e rufiventris

Basalwhaliofe clypeuse mot ymuch straisedie ern ta 40

. Petiole red, remainder of gaster red or partly dark brown. Face of female silvery 41

Petiole black, gaster completely black or first tergites somewhat reddish on the

sides@Eace ofetemalencol dent try. A ESE ORO Ae nee. FROCIO, 42

Gaster almost completely red, tergites only slightly darkened. Red band before

anterior margin of clypeus. Male unknown. (W. Java) ...... rubicundus rubicundus

Gaster much darkened, only apical margin and sides of second, third, fourth and

fifth tergites ferruginous. Clypeus almost completely dark. Male unknown. (E.

VASE seats mans. Lo Gentoo ME ANNEE RNA, di rubicundus lawnensis

Back of propodeum not only carinate but also punctate. Gaster completely black.

Antennal segments 8—9 about twice as long as broad. Face including frons with

dense golden pubescence. Back of propodeum with whitish hairs. Male unknown.

(Luzon) écrans ROANNE road AA eN DA dada, nigriventris

Bacco fapropodelmenot, punctate. en PR OA 43

Back of propodeum with whitish hairs. Face of female golden, of male silvery.

Sides of gaster reddish. Antennae of female short, segments 8—9 about one and

one-half times as long as they are broad. Antennae of male without tyloidea.

(Japan) ns. Earle. ARI EMED AA, ORSI, 0 RON richard si

Back of propodeum with golden-brown hairs. Face golden. Gaster completely

black. Lower half of clypeus red. Frons angularly protruding, horizontal side of

head long. Antennae long, no tyloidea. Smooth area behind enclosed area of

propodeum indistinct. Female unknown. (Mindanao) … an gulifrons

Pygidial area of female very narrow, almost gutter-shaped, shining. In female

median part of clypeus distinctly raised, anterior margin with a deep triangular

emargination. Tarsi red. Face with golden appressed pubescence. In male median

part of clypeus not distinctly separated from lateral parts, tarsi dark brown

and pubescence of face silvery. Antennal segments 4—13 with tyloidea. Both

sexes without distinct smooth area behind the enclosed area of propodeum. Scutum

with strong puncturation. Petiole cylindrical. (Java) ..................... terri venus

Pygidial area of female slightly or much broader. Median part of clypeus of female

less distinctly separated from the sides. Scutum finer punctate in both sexes, except

in P. triangulatus. Face of female silvery or, if golden, pygidial area broad ...... 45

Base of second gastral tergite of male with triangular, minutely reticulate area.

46.

47.

48.

49.

50.

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 4, 1968

Scutum shining, with strong punctures in rows. Antennal segments 3—13 with

tyloidea. Female unknown.) (Java, Sumatra) Et IE TER triangulatus

No, reticulate area on saster. (some males unknown) ron AE 46

Very long acetabular carina, nearly reaching epicnemial carina. Petiole without

distinct ventral keel. Antennal segments 7—12 with subelliptic tyloidea. Female

unknown... (Ryukyuails-) ans Heee u toe A RER hirashimai

Acetabular carinasshortor.absent.... une. stre a MEN CREVER PER PIE 47

Pygidial area of female very narrow, basal half somewhat convex and almost

shining, apex emarginate, bilobed, lobes not much raised. Face of female silvery

(forimales see also couples 2) Mar ass. RAR 48

Pygidial area broader, more flat and dull, apex almost straight (always?) and

ends of lateral keels often distinctly raised into a blunt tooth .................. DZ

Petiole without lateral carinae. Anterior margin of clypeus protruding, slightly

raised, with two triangular teeth. Legs dark. Male unknown. (N. India)

Lerici pelata DI DIREI simlensis sp. n.

Petiole in both sexes almost quadrate in cross section, sides with two distinct

lateralkeelsic nie Be aka lv ee 49

Smooth area behind enclosed area of propodeum (near median sulcus) narrow.

Male with tyloidea on antennal segments 3—12 (on third segment incomplete).

Length about 8.5—10 mm. (China, Tibet, Formosa) ...... hakusanus seminitidus

Larger. forms kan ria lavabo Lola eta eee err 50

Pygidial area narrower. Puncturation of scutum finer. Smooth area behind enclosed

area of propodeum broad. Third antennal segment of female 3.2 times as long

as broad at apex, fourth segment almost twice as long as broad. In male antennal

segments 3—10 or 3—11 with tyloidea (on third segment incomplete). (Japan)

Mellini ile dice ali hakusanus hakusanus

Pygidial area slightly broader. Puncturation of scutum stronger ............... 51

Puncturation of scutum remote, stronger than in P. hakusanus hakusanus. Area

behind enclosed area of propodeum smooth. Third antennal segment 2.7, fourth

segment 1.8 times as long as broad at apex. Length about 12—13 mm. Male

unknowal(Sorca)it a koreanus koreanus

Puncturation of vertex and scutum finer than in preceding subspecies but still

stronger than in P. hakusanus hakusanus. Area behind enclosed area of propodeum

with fine longitudinal striation. Third antennal segment three times, fourth segment

twice as long as broad at apex. Length about 11.3 mm. Male unknown. (Formosa)

Robredo koreanus formosensis

Scutum with plumbeous hue, very finely punctate. Petiole in both sexes rounded

above, in female with lateral depression and two lateral edges, ventral keel not

sharp. Frons of female finely punctate. Antennal segments 5—6 of male with

tyloidea. Third and fourth gastral sternites of male with fasciculate hairs. (India)

bennen steen id de a atl La pean ee ote eee PEPE TERE orientalis

Scutum. with, much. stronger «punctures Wem. eee RENEE DO,

Petiole distinctly quadrate in cross section with sharp ventral keel and normally

punctate scutum. Antennal segments 5—6 of male with tyloidea. Face silvery in

both sexes... Hain an. See SETTE 54

Petiole without distinct ventral keel. Antennae of male without tyloidea or segments

3—9, 3—12, 4—10 or 4—12 with narrow carina (not all males known) ... 55

54.

DD:

56.

Do:

D).

60.

61.

62.

J. P. VAN LrrH: Oriental species of the genus Psen 97

Frons below ocelli with punctato-striate sculpture. Vertex and scutum finely but

distinctly punctate. (Ussuri region, Japan, Korea) .................. affinis affinis

Frons below ocelli stronger striate. Vertex and scutum slightly stronger punctate.

Pygidial area of female slightly broader. Smooth area behind enclosed area ot

propodeum of female slightly broader. In female carination of propodeum stronger.

(CHINA) kun era sen IRE O I LORI AE affinis grabami

Kegs dark at most tarsı, reddishiorgreddis boy ne ns ae ee 56

Femora and tibiae or tibiae and tarsi red. Face of female golden pubescent 60

Petiole short, less than twice as long as first gastral tergite, sides depressed.

Pygidial area of female rather broad, with irregular, basally double row of

punctures. Face silvery. Fore and mid tarsi reddish. Male unknown. (S. China)

TIA IT SITA tante IA Rene i kulingensis

Penolerlongereylindricali.. 33.33 RIE. SI ISS TÀ, SERI, I] DI

Face of female silvery. Pubescence of scutum brownish. Most antennal segments

about twice as long as broad in the middle, segments 4—12 with tyloidea. Third

and fourth gastral sternites of male with fasciculate hairs. (India) fuscinervis

Face of female golden (female of P. longicornis Tsuneki unknown). In male

antennal segments without tyloidea or segments 3—9 with tyloidea or segments

LOTTERIA IE cs. cat oh aa cic CATO OI ARI o INA Lo 58

Scutum with close and strong puncturation. Behind enclosed area a broad smooth

margin. Pubescence of scutum brownish. Apex of pygidial area emarginate. In

male antennae without tyloidea and only fourth gastral sternite with fasciculate

haits: (Burma) nn bid, tens. seis le Haare Sek IT nets oR REEL re Meike yomasanus

Scutum with finer puncturation. Smooth margin behind enclosed area narrower.

Pubescence of scutum greyish. Antennae of male with tyloidea ............... 59

Apex of pygidial area of female truncate. Puncturation of scutum anteriorly with

fine and close puncturation, posteriorly more coarsely punctate. Petiole subcircular

or subquadrate, laterally at most weakly furrowed. In male antennal segments 3—9

with tyloidea; fourth gastral sternite only with fasciculate hairs. (Formosa) ......

Sti Mens prod MIR ne PIRO LIO IR ONORI JE His TE alishanus

Female unknown. Petiole roughly quadrangular in cross section, laterally with

broad furrow margined by carinae. Antennal segments long, 3—12 with tyloidea;

third and fourth gastral sternites with fasciculate hairs. (Formosa) longicornis

Legs including trochanters pale red, tarsi somewhat darkened, also lower outer

side of fore femora. Temples and thorax with whitish hairs. Frons below ocelli

striato-punctate. Petiole reaching beyond hind femora. Antennal segments 4-10,

rarely 4—11 of male with narrow tyloidea. (Luzon) … politiventris politiventris

Outer side of fore femora entirely darkened or all femora darkened ......... 61

Legs red, only outer side of fore femora darkened. Pubescence on vertex, thorax

and gaster golden-brown. Frons below ocelli strongly striato-punctate. Petiole

reaching beyond hind femora. Male unknown. (Mindanao) … politiventris bellus

Femora brown or black. Hairs on propodeum whitish ........................... 62

Femora brown, tibiae and tarsi pale red. Sides and back of thorax with whitish

hairs. Frons below ocelli finer punctate than in nominate form, interspaces some-

what opaque. Petiole not reaching as far as hind femora, cylindrical. Punctures of

pygidial area somewhat larger than in nominate form. Male unknown. (Malaya)

UE AA rte AET. elt TI MAI SOIT se etes politiventris pahangensis

63.

64.

65.

66.

67.

Tike

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 4, 1968

Femora black, apices of femora, entire tibiae and tarsi ferruginous to reddish-

yellow. Petiole with distinct lateral furrow bordered on both sides by carinae.

Antennae of male without tyloidea. Gastral sternites 3—4 of male with fasciculate

ee (EIDOS OTO RIT E tanot

Scutum except at the sides coarsely striato-punctate or with very strong punctures.

Interantennal tooth reduced to a. flat round tuberele”...............2. nme: 64

Scutum shining, withesnormalspunctutation tds. Heten. A I eee ereeE 65

Scutum with strong punctures and also longitudinally striate. Legs reddish. Pygidial

area of female triangular, with large punctures. Antennal segments 6—13 of male

with broad tyloidea. Face of female golden, of male silvery. (Philippines) ... bakeri

Scutum with stronger punctures, interspaces often less than width of one puncture;

a few longitudinal striae. Legs, petiole, first gastral tergite and second tergite

except dark margin, reddish. Antennal segments 6—13 of male with tyloidea. Face

of male silvery. Female unknown. (New Guinea) .................. sedlaceki sp. n.

Second recurrent vein of fore wings ending in third submarginal cell. Median

anterior part of clypeus of female strongly raised and separated from the depressed

lateral parts by a sharp edge. Antennae of male with broad tyloidea. Group ot

RSM SIONI TEA 66

Second recurrent vein of fore wings interstitial or ending in third submarginal

cell. Median part of clypeus of female not separated from the lateral parts by

a sharp edge (a short carina in P. ruficrus) ............- "0" 69

Petiole of female without distinct lateral carinae or groove. Raised part of clypeus

short. Only hind margin and sides of first tergite and sides of second and third

tergite reddish, in both sexes. Face of female silvery. No smooth area on propodeal

deelivity. (CHOO E matalensis

Petiole of female with distinct lateral groove. Raised part of clypeus long. In

P. refractus (both sexes) propodeum with an almost smooth dorso-lateral area

behind TRASCINATA RARA TE 67

Face of female golden. Only sides of first gastral tergite somewhat reddish. Py-

gidial area of female broader, less densely punctate. Fifth and sixth antennal

segments of male about twice as long as broad. (S. India) ............ krombeini

Face of female silvery. First or first and second gastral tergites red. Pygidial area

of female narrower, more densely punctate .........:................2.0 scree 68

. First and second gastral tergites red. Male unknown. (India) … refractus refractus

First gastral tergite red, second tergite with lateral red spots. Fifth and sixth

antennal segments of male about as long as broad. (S. India) refractus meridianus

Gaster including “petiole black. enne essere renee erates 70

Petiole red; if black, following segments at least partly red .................. 74

Interocellar and postocellar areas distinctly raised. Antennal segments 6—13 of

male with broad tyloidea. No acetabular carina. Second recurrent vein of fore

wings interstitial. Face of male silvery. Female unknown. Legs dark. (Philippine Is.)

roan ar ANNE IME AAA AH Be nade AGhodeboceaaoadotGccounbonoadsddosoc melanosoma

Interocellar and postocellar areas not or only slightly raised. Antennal segments

6—12 or 7—12 of male with tyloidea (male of P. opacus unknown) ...... zi

Second recurrent vein of fore wings ending well in third submarginal cell. Propo-

deum behind enclosed area with fine, more or less parallel carinae. Pygidial area

of female broadly triangular, with four or six longitudinal rows of punctures.

Face of female silvery. ……...s.svvorsenonsen veneneneenenenerernenersenenernenosnenen 72

UD:

74.

1D:

70.

Une

78.

J. P. VAN LitH: Oriental species of the genus Psen 99

Second recurrent vein of fore wings interstitial. No parallel carinae behind enclosed

ENGEN 6900000000480600000900080000.00960040900040o gun GE 7EHRE SGADBRERTIENE OS RHISDOSCO HUNDEN 73

Legs dark. Second recurrent vein of fore wings ending well in third submarginal

cell #Malenunknowa. (Ehilippineals er opacus opacus

Legs partly ferruginous. Second recurrent vein of fore wings ending close to base

ofgcell Male unknown (Ryukyaipls5) A ende Opacus gressitti

Propodeum on both sides behind enclosed area not smooth but with some indistinct

carinae and irregular tubercles. Antennal segments 6—12 of male with tyloidea.

Female unknown (Morotal) Er ER RE II eee carbonarius

Propodeum behind enclosed area in male with normal carination, in female much

finer. Pygidial area of female broad with many large punctures, margin impunctate.

Antennal segments 7—12 of male with oval tyloidea. Face of female golden, ot

MASSIVE KAV) Ine nee A ase di RO an daelen beiremi

Petiole and following two or three tergites red. Legs red. Interocellar and posto-

cellar areas much raised. Pygidial area of female striato-punctate, margin dull and

impunctate. Face of female golden, of male silvery, rest of body with golden-brown

pubescence. Length of female about 12—13 mm, of male about 11 mm. (Celebes)

CO FOGICE OO AIPIDINTII TO TTOG OOC GO TOO III GIOIA ETA IACGCIORION se descieeisecselsleniuse seen oe toxopewsi

Petiole red but no tergites fully red or petiole black and at least second tergite

énturelomalmostentirelheredSmallersspeciese 5 ns AN ee 75

Petiole black, gastral tergites 1—4 for the greater part red. Second recurrent vein

of fore wings ending well in third submarginal cell. Interocellar and postocellar

areaspnotymuchsraised nl en INNS IE 76

Petiole black or red, at most two gastral tergites entirely or partly red. Second

KechiEcenty vemeapmostlypainterstitial ues. stanti RINO Tah

Face of female silvery. Mesosternum, coxae and femora conspicuously silvery

pubescent. Red: gastral tergites 1—4 entirely, fifth tergite partly and sternites

2—3 entirely; legs reddish brown but femora partly darkened. Pygidial area of

female broadly triangular, densely and coarsely punctate, also medially, margin

reticulate Male unknown: A(Malaya)e eee eee ee brinchangensts

Face of female golden. Red: gastral tergites 1—4, first, third and fourth tergites

partly darkened, and sternites 2—4. Legs also red, fore and mid femora darkened

posteriorly. Pygidial area broadly triangular, coarsely punctate with a narrow median

impunctate lines Malesunknown-@N- India) tte eurypygus

First and second gastral tergites red. Petiole black. Second and following gastral

tergites with conspicuous short white pubescence, hairs longer and somewhat

curved backwards at hind margins. Face of female silvery. Pygidial area of female

rather broadly triangular, densely punctate, margin impunctate. Male unknown.

ON AAE AR RE PA SR INR, MISES ONE TA KURS rufoannulatus

Gästen, darkerw pettole»blacc. torte dii BRAIN ROSI des 78

Petiole black. First gastral tergite of female with red apical margin, second gastral

tergite with two lateral spots; male with more red on these tergites and on

following segments. interocellar and postocellar areas much raised. Second recur-

rent vein of fore wings about interstitial. Pygidial area of female densely and

almost fully striato-punctate. Antennal segments 6—13 of male with broad tyloidea.

Face golden in both sexes, rest of body golden-brown. (Luzon) ..................

DREI E I Te D OEE EE aureohirtus aureohirtus

100 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 4, 1968

sin Petiole: red. tis Mi RR EEn ELS LG RE TPE SEE ARE 79

79. Gaster slightly darker but otherwise as in preceding form. Female unknown.

(Negroös)) E RIRE RAR ADN aureobirtus rufopetiolatus

— Gastral tergites black. Interocellar and postocellar areas not much raised. Second

recurrent vein of fore wings usually interstitial. Antennal segments 6—13 of male

with tyloidea. Pygidial area of female broadly triangular, with many large punc-

tures. Legs pale red. Face of female golden, of male silvery. (N.E. New Guinea and

Papua) Ci. VE ET EE NN RTRT ruficrus

Psen (Psen) ater (Fabricius)

1794, Fabricius, Entom. Syst. 4: 457 (Sphex atra).

In the material of the museum of the Humboldt University, Berlin, I found two

females from Manchuria: Harbin, 25—30 June 1935, collected by V. Kardoff.

The genitalia of the male of P. ater are relatively large, the stipites are ear-shaped,

without inner membranous lobes: fig. 34—35 (undated specimen, probably from

Europe).

Psen (Psen) aspites spec. nov.

Male. — Head and thorax black, scutum with steely reflection, back of propodeum

with bronze gloss. Mandibles with dark red tips. Anterior margin of clypeus (about

one third) and labrum ivory-white. Palpi testaceous. Scape of antennae dark yellow,

following segments yellowish-red, segments 5—11 partly black on underside and last

segment almost completely black. Humeral tubercles yellowish-white. Legs reddish, in-

cluding coxae and trochanters; some parts of fore legs yellowish-white: trochanters,

underside of femora, ends of tibiae and the first four, broadened, tarsal segments

except outer tips which are black. Gaster including petiole reddish.

Clypeus smooth and shining, anterior margin with a slight emargination. Anterior

margin of labrum almost straight. Frontal carina ending below in a slightly thicker part,

no distinct tooth. Frons immediately above the antennae shining somewhat depressed to

receive the heavy scapes, rest of frons and vertex with fine and remote puncturation.

Mandibles normal. Scape of antennae at least one and one-half times as broad as the

broadest part of flagellum. Third antennal segment about three times as long as broad,

ventrally with a deep longitudinal depression, fourth segment about as long as broad,

following segments much shorter than broad, last segment pointed. Segments 4—13

strongly concave ventrally and with sharp sides.

Scutum and scutellum with fine and remote puncturation. Enclosed area of propodeum

of normal type, median two longitudinal carinae diverging. Behind this area propodeum

on both sides somewhat raised and with some fine carination, back of propodeum

medially depressed, with rather fine reticulate carination, on either side of the very

narrow longitudinal sulcus the carinae are partly transverse and parallel. Sides of pro-

podeum, metapleura and mesopleura smooth and shining, hypo-epimeral area distinct.

Underside of epicnemial area receding backwards, consequently mesosternum short

and fore and hind margins of mesopleura parallel. Fore legs of unusual shape; trochanter

nodiform, femur much broadened, underside flattened into a triangle with an angle of

about 120 degrees, apical half of tibia somewhat broadened, tarsal segments 1—4

J. P. VAN LITH : Oriental species of the genus Psen 101

enlarged, forming a large thin shield on outer side (fig. 1). Mid tibiae broadened

medially. Second recurrent vein of fore wings ending in third submarginal cell. Petiole

cylindrical, reaching about as far as end of femora. Gaster with minute and remote

puncturation, second sternite on base with a few larger punctures.

Upper part of clypeus and supra-clypeal area with silvery appressed pubescence, also

frons below ocelli on either side with a ring of apressed silvery hairs enclosing a bare

shining spot. Basal half of mandibles with long white hairs. On both sides of hypostoma

a patch of long white hairs like a beard. Temples with short silvery pubescence. Vertex

with long yellowish-grey hairs. Pronotum, lower part of epicnemial areas, mesosternum

and mesopleura with short silvery pubescence. Scutum and propodeum with long, yellow-

ish-grey pubescence. Shield of fore tarsus with fringe of fine long and pale hairs. Gaster

with sparse pubescence, a few long hairs near the margin of the sternites. Apical margin

of sternites 3—4 with golden fasciculate hairs, in two bundles on each sternite.

Length about 9 mm.

Female unknown.

S. Celebes: 1 4 (holotype), Talassa (Maros) 300 m, Oct. 1931, coll. G. Heinrich

(ZMB).

This is the first Psen known to me with so much enlarged fore tarsi. They remind

of the tarsal shield of some Crabronidae. The ivory-white margin of the clypeus is also

peculiar. In view of some other characters, such as the course of the epicnemial carinae,

the frontal carina and the fasciculate hairs on the gastral sternites, I have provisionally

placed this wasp in a separate group of the subgenus Psen. To avoid the risk of irre-

parable damage I have not examined the genitalia of this valuable specimen.

P. petiolatus Smith of which only the holotype (a female collected in 1864 in

Misool or Celebes) is known, appears to be very similar. But according to the notes

I made when examining this specimen it has distinct inner epicnemial carinae and

acetabular carina and no recurved outer epicnemial carinae, so that I am rather inclined

to place it in the subgenus Mimumesa.

Group of Psen emarginatus

Representatives of this group were already known from Malaya, Java and Japan.

P. emarginatus from Java is now also found in Borneo.

The area of distribution of the group was further extended by two new species from

Nepal and Formosa. They are all closely related, the differences being mostly in the

colour of the gastral fringes and of the clypeal pubescence.

Psen (Psen) emarginatus Van Lith

1959, Van Lith, Zool. Verh. Leiden 39 : 43—44 (Java).

New record: 1 2, British N. Borneo, Mt. Kinabalu, Kambaranga, 2140 m, 22—30

Oct. 1958, coll. T.C. Maa (BISH).

This is the first record of the genus Psen from Borneo. The wasp was collected

together with its prey, an Issid (Homoptera). As far as I can see it is not different

from the females from Java.

Pygidial area of one of the paratypes (female) from Central Java is depicted on

fig. 3.

102 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 4, 1968

aspites

nepalensis

ruficrus

sauteri ruficrus

Fig. 1—7. Species of Indo-Australian Psen s.str. 1, fore tarsus of P. aspites sp.n., 6; 2—5, pygidial

area of female; 2, P. nepalensis sp.n.; 3, P. emarginatus Van Lith; 4, P. sauteri sp.n.; 5, P. ruficrus

Van Lith; 6—7, anterior margin of clypeus; 6, P. sauteri sp.n.; 7, P. ruficrus Van Lith.

J. P. VAN LITH: Oriental species of the genus Psen 103

Psen (Psen) nepalensis spec. nov.

Female. — Black; outer half of mandibles dark red, palpi yellowish-brown, under-

side of antennae dark brown. Tarsi brown. Tibial spurs of hind legs yellowish-white.

Veins of wings and tegulae dark brown.

Protruding median part of clypeus with rounded emargination. Disk of clypeus

regularly convex, densely punctate, margin impunctate. The interantennal carina ends

between the antennae in a short tooth, indistinctly connected with the antennal sclerites

by a fine carina. Frons coarsely punctate with narrow, shining interspaces, on the upper

part against the eyes an elliptic, slightly raised, almost impunctate area, vertex sparsely

punctate but more strongly and denser behind the ocelli. Mandibles normal. Antennae

long, third segment about five times as long as it is broad at the apex, segments 4—6

more than twice as long as broad, segments 7—11 less than twice as long as broad,

gradually shorter, last segment about twice as long as it is broad at the base.

Scutum with strong punctures, these sometimes in rows, but interspaces mostly greater

than diameter of punctures. Puncturation of scutellum and metanotum much more

widely spaced. Enclosed area of propodeum depressed, shining, with longitudinal

carinae, median two slightly diverging and with some irregular carination in between.

Back of propodeum with coarse irregular carination, which is finer just behind the

enclosed area. A bent carina separates the back of the propodeum from the sides which

show some fine rugae and sparse fine punctures on their posterior half. Mesopleura

sparsely and finely punctate, posterior margin smooth, metapleura entirely smooth.

Back of hind femora with median longitudinal line of extremely fine punctures with

short hairs. Above this line the posterior surface of the femora is completely smooth

and shining, lower half shining with a few long hairs. Mid tibiae normal. Hind tibiae

with a row of white spines. The first recurrent vein of the fore wings ends well in the

second submarginal cell, the second recurrent vein ends about half this distance into

the third submarginal cell.

Petiole nearly flat above, rounded below, sides with sharp longitudinal edge above

from base to end and a shorter one below on the apical half. Gaster finely but distinctly

punctate, second tergite laterally at base much coarser. Pygidial area broadly triangular

with rounded apex, surface with fine reticulate sculpturation, median part somewhat

convex and with rows of large punctures which are open towards the rear. Broad

margin of pygidial area without punctures, also the narrow median line is impunctate

(fig. 2).

Face with very pale golden pubescence and a number of long, erect whitish hairs.

Pubescence on upper side of head and body brownish, whitish on ventral side. Pubes-

cence of gastral tergites, especially of third and fourth tergites, dense and long. Poste-

rior margin of tergites with dense fringe of golden-brown, slightly bent hairs. Pygidial

area and sides of last tergite with stiff hairs, directed backwards.

Length about 9 mm.

Male unknown.

East Nepal: 1 9 (holotype), Taplejung distr. above Sangu, 6500 feet, evergreen

scrub, 5—13 Oct. 1961, R. L. Coe, E. Nepal Expedition 1961-1962, BM 1962—

177 (BM).

This wasp belongs to the group of P. emarginatus and resembles the equally strongly

pubescent Japanese species P. dzimm, from which it differs in the darker first gastral

104 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 4, 1968

tergite and legs and in the smaller size. There is also some difference in the relative

length of the antennal segments. Further studies of both sexes are necessary to ascer-

tain the relationship between the two forms.

The Javanese P. emarginatus is much less densely pubescent and the fringes on the

hind margin of the tergites are less conspicuous. The tibial spurs of the fore and mid

legs are whitish with a small brown apex, whereas in P. nepalensis these spurs are

completely yellowish-white. There is no important difference between the pygidial areas

of P. nepalensis and P. emarginatus (fig. 2 and 3). The punctures of P. emarginatus

are larger and they are more in longitudinal rows whilst the irregular longitudinal im-

punctate areas are slightly raised.

P. sauter: from Formosa is larger, the pubescence is paler and its antennal segments

are longer.

In P. pilosus from Malaya the fringes on the hind margin of the tergites are black.

Psen (Psen) sauteri spec. nov.

Female. — Black, gaster with bluish shine; median part of mandibles yellowish-red,

outer tips dark red, anterior margin of clypeus reddish transparent, labrum paler red,

underside of antennae brown, palpi testaceous. Tegulae reddish-brown. Femora dark

brown, fore side of fore and mid tibiae and base of hind tibiae paler brown, tarsi

yellowish-brown but hind tarsi darkened dorsally, tibial spurs yellowish-brown. Veins

of wings brown.

Protruding part of clypeus with triangular emargination (fig. 6). Surface of clypeus

densely punctate, impunctate margin with fine transverse striation. Interantennal carina

ending between antennae in a distinct tooth, which is connected with the underside of

the antennal sclerites by a distinct carina. Frons below ocelli densely and coarsely

punctate, on the upper part against the eyes an elliptic, slightly raised, impunctate area.

Vertex finely and sparsely punctate, interocellar area somewhat denser punctate. Man-

dibles normal. Antennae long and slender, third segment more than five times as long

as broad at apex, fourth and fifth segments about three times as long as broad,

segments 6—8 twice as long as broad, segments 9—11 nearly twice as long as broad,

last segment more than twice as long as it is broad at base.

Scutum with coarse punctures, often in rows, interspaces mostly smaller than

diameter of punctures, or as large as diameter of punctures, on central part of

scutum a few rugae with rows of punctures. Puncturation of scutellum and metanotum

much finer and sparser. Enclosed area of propodeum rather long, with longitudinal

carinae. Posterior half of median two carinae somewhat diverging, basal half between

these carinae finely irregularly carinate. Back of propodeum somewhat rounded in lateral

view with coarse reticulate carination which is finer just behind enclosed area, antero-

dorsolaterally a small, almost smooth area. A bent carina separates the back of the

propodeum from the sides, which have a few short carinae and are finely punctate

on the posterior part. Mesopleura with sparse and fine puncturation, mesosternum with

fine and dense puncturation, metapleura smooth. Back of hind femora smooth, with

longitudinal line of fine piliferous punctures. Mid tibiae slightly bent but not much

thickened; a row of four long yellowish thorns on outer half and two slightly shorter

thorns at apex, basitarsus about four times as long as broad with a comb of five long

spinés. Hind tibiae with a row of short brownish thorns. The first recurrent vein of the

J. P. van LITH: Oriental species of the genus Psen 105

fore wings ending well in the second submarginal cell, second recurrent vein ending

about half this distance into third submarginal cell.

Petiole flattened on posterior dorsal half, sides flattened but without sharp carinae.

Gaster densely and finely punctate, second tergite at base laterally coarser, narrow apical

margin densely punctate. Pygidial area (fig. 4) broadly triangular with rounded apex,

surface with fine coriaceous sculpture and with about six irregular rows of large punc-

tures; margin impunctate, also base medially where sculpture is finer. Second gastral

sternite with dense and rather strong puncturation, median part somewhat depressed

and shining, with only a few punctures on its basal half, also base of this tergite

impunctate. Median part of ventral disk of first sternite (petiole) impunctate. Hind

margin of gastral sternites 3—5 impunctate. Last sternite with smooth keel on apical

half.

Face with beautiful golden, appressed pubescence and a few long, whitish, erect

hairs. Pubescence on vertex and on dorsal side of thorax light brown. Temples, dorsal

side of pronotum, mesosternum and underside of legs with silvery-white pubescence.

Propodeum with long whitish hairs. Gastral tergites 1—5 with yellowish-grey, dense

and soft pubescence, these hairs partly rather long, hind margins of tergites with a dense

row of longer yellowish hairs, directed backwards and with bent tips. Pygidial area and

sides of last tergite with long, backwards-directed bristle-hairs.

Length about 12 mm.

Male unknown.

Formosa: 1 @ (holotype), Taihorin, Aug. 1910, coll. H. Sauter (ZMB).

P. sauteri differs from P. dzimm Tsuneki (Japan) in the dark first tergite and paler

apical fringes of the tergites, from P. emarginatus Van Lith (Java and Borneo) in the

denser pubescence and golden face, and from P. nepalensis Van Lith (E. Nepal) in the

paler fringes, longer antennal segments and denser puncturation of the scutum. P. pilosus

Van Lith (Malaya) has black apical fringes of the tergites.

Group of Psen tsunekiz

Psen (Psen) shirozui Tsuneki

1966, Tsuneki, Etizenia Fukui Univ. 14: 10—11 (Formosa).

Tsuneki placed this species in the group of P. tsunekii Van Lith. It is indeed closely

related to P. vechti Van Lith, also in regard to the structure of the propodeum. Both

forms have small transverse depressions at the posterior margin of the enclosed area ot

the propodeum, which are deeper than the parts of the enclosed area between the

longitudinal carinae. In the description of P. vechti this remarkable character was omitted.

The longitudinal carinae of the enclosed area pass between these transverse depressions,

continuing on to the back of the propodeum. In P. vechti they are very regular, parallel,

surpassing the central part of the back. In P. shirozui the carinae seem to be shorter

and less parallel, but of this species only the male being known and of P. vechti only

the female, it is uncertain whether this is a matter of sexual difference.

Group of Psen nitidus

Psen (Psen) nitidus nitidus Van Lith

1959, Van Lith, Zool. Verh. Leiden 39 : 28—30.

P. nitidus was first recorded from Java, Bangka and Krakatau, moreover one female

was mentioned from Ceylon. Its occurrence in S. India is now well confirmed, nine

106 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 4, 1968

specimens having been collected there. The discovery of two females, collected in C.

Sumatra is therefore not surprising. I could not find any important difference between

the Indian and the Indonesian material, except some variation in the colour of the legs.

The base of the hind tibiae, however, is not as pale as in the subspecies from Formosa.

In the female from Cinchona the median two carinae of the enclosed area are less

diverging so that the area in between is narrower, but probably this is a deformation.

The genital apparatus of the Indian male agrees with that of the Indonesian spec-

imens.

New records from S. India: 2 © and 1 &, Kerala State, S. Malabar, Walayar Forests,

1000 ft, Sept.-Oct. 1955/1956, coll. P. S. Nathan (Coll. Ferguson); 1 9, Walayar

Forests, 700 ft., Oct. 1959; 2 4, Madras State, Nilgiri Hills, Devala, 3200 ft., Oct.-

Nov., 1960; 2 4, Madras State, Anamalai Hills, Kadamparai, 3500 ft., May 1963; 1 9,

Anamalai Hills, Cinchona, 3500 ft., May 1960, all coll. P. S. Nathan (ML).

Northeast Sumatra: 2 2, Bandar Baru, 30 May 1912, coll. Buttel-Reepen (ZMB).

Psen (Psen) nitidus takasago Tsuneki

1967, Tsuneki, Etizenia Fukui Univ. 24 : 8—9.

Tsuneki considers this form from Formosa as a subspecies. The bases of the hind

tibiae of the female are yellowish-brown (dark brown in the nominate subspecies) and

the pubescence, especially on the first gastral tergite, is somewhat denser, the punc-

turation on this tergite being slightly stronger than in the nominate subspecies.

The differences are, however, very small and the colour of the base of the hind tibia

of the female is variable.

New records from Formosa: 1 9, Oct. 1910, and 4 ¢, April and Sept. 1910, Tai-

horin, coll. H. Sauter (ZMB).

Group of Psen elisabethae

P. elisabethae (Java) and a closely related species, P. coriaceus (Philippine Is.),

were described in 1959. They are characterized by the smooth areas of the propodeum

and the shining, elongate-triangular pygidial area of the female. The antennae of the

males have no tyloidea. Later I found that the genital apparatus of the male of P. elisa-

bethae is distinctly different from that of the other species of the subgenus Psen.

In the course of subsequent studies I recognized at least fourteen more forms which

should be placed into this group. The group has a very extended area of dispersal but

the differences between the species are still relatively slight. At the moment they are

known to occur from India to Samoa, and from the Philippine Is. to Java. It is one of

the most important groups of species in the Indo-Australian and Pacific region and

certainly the most interesting one. A number of islands are still to be explored and also

the southeastern part of continental Asia. I expect that collectors on future expeditions

will discover a great many new forms which will enable us to draw more reliable con-

clusions in regard to the specific or subspecific status of the forms described so far.

Psen (Psen) elisabethae Van Lith

A male collected in Viet-Nam, Mt. Lang Bian, 1500—-2000 m, 19 May—8 June

1961, in a Malaise trap by N. R. Spencer (BISH), could not yet be classified satis-

factorily. It may be a new subspecies.

J. P. van LiTH: Oriental species of the genus Psen 107

Psen (Psen) elisabethae auricomus Van Lith

1965, Van Lith, Zool. Verh. Leiden 73 : 31 (Malaya, Pulau Tioman).

A drawing (fig. 9) of the pygidial area of one of the paratypes ( 9 ) is given here to

complete the original description.

Psen (Psen) elisabethae madrasiensis subspec. nov.

1965, Van Lith, Zool. Verh. Leiden 73 : 31—32 (P. elisabethae subsp.).

In 1965 I briefly mentioned a female of P. elisabethae subsp. from S. India. The

study of another female and two males from the same region has proved that the

S. Indian form is indeed quite different from the nominate subspecies.

The S. Indian specimens are easily distinguished from the nominate subspecies by

the much shorter petiole and the heavier legs. In this respect they resemble P. amboinen-

sis in which, however, the median part of the vertex is much more raised while the

puncturation of vertex and scutum is weaker; moreover the pygidial area of the female

of the latter is broader (fig. 10). In P. elisabethae madrasiensis the pygidial area (fig.

11) resembles that of the nominate subspecies (fig. 8).

Female. — First two antennal segments reddish (in the Javanese specimens these

parts usually almost completely very dark brown). Base of flagellum ventrally reddish

or brown. Legs darker than in the nominate form but fore side of fore femora and

apices of all femora reddish-brown; mid and hind tibiae partly, mostly on fore side,

dark brown, also thorns on outer side of hind tibiae dark. Fore tibiae almost completely

red (in P. elisabethae auricomus from Malaya on the contrary, the legs are paler than in

the nominate subspecies, the femora being also reddish or reddish-brown).

Puncturation of vertex stronger, median part only slightly raised. Puncturation ot

tergites, notably of second tergite somewhat finer, but still distinct and reaching to outer

apical margin. Petiole much shorter, about five times as long as broad in the middle,

the basal part before the bend about one third of total length, in the nominate form

approximately one-fourth of total length.

Pubescence of face silvery (in P. elisabethae auricomus pubescence distinctly golden).

Length about 10.5 mm.

Male. — Underside of antennae more brown. Legs much more slender than in female.

Easily distinguished from nominate subspecies by shorter petiole.

Length about 9 mm.

South India: 1 @ (holotype), Madras State, Nilgiri Hills, 3500 ft., coll. H. L. Andrews

(OUM); 2 4 (allotype and paratype), Madras State, Anamalai Hills, Cinchona, May

1959, coll. P. S. Nathan (Coll. Ferguson); 1 9 (paratype), Madras State, Anamalai

Hills, Kadamparai, 3500 ft., May 1963, coll. P. S. Nathan (ML).

Psen (Psen) amboinensis Van Lith

1965, Van Lith, Zool. Verh. Leiden 73 : 32—33.

The third known female, recorded here, seems to confirm the constancy of the

characters mentioned in the original description. This strengthens my opinion that the

present form represents a distinct species, closely related to P. elisabethae s.str.

Ambon I.: 1 2, Oct. 1949, coll. M. A. Lieftinck (ML).

108 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 4, 1968

elisabethae

auricomus

amboinensis

madrasiensis

marjoriae

coriaceus regalis

Fig. 8—14. Pygidial area of female of species of Indo-Australian and South Pacific Psen s.str.

8, P. elisabethae elisabethae Van Lith; 9, P. elisabethae auricomus Nan Lith; 10, P. amboinensis Van

Lith; 11, P. elisabethae madrasiensis subsp.n.; 12, P. marjoriae sp.n.; 13, P. coriaceus Van Lith;

14, P. regalis sp.n.

J. P. van LitH: Oriental species of the genus Psen 109

Psen (Psen) heinrichi spec. nov.

Male. — Black; palpi yellowish-brown, fore side of fore and mid tibiae and tarsi

of all legs light brown, spurs of hind tibiae yellowish-white. Veins of wings dark brown.

Anterior margin of clypeus with slight emargination and two blunt teeth. Clypeal

disk densely punctate. Interantennal carina ending between antennae in a low tooth,

flattened laterally and rounded in lateral view. This tooth is connected with the under-

side of the antennal sclerites by a fine carina. Frons distinctly punctate, a small impunc-

tate area against the eyes; frons much raised on both sides of the median carina,

raised parts confluent with raised interocellar area. A sulcus connects depression of

anterior ocellus with transverse sulcus behind posterior ocelli. Vertex with sparse but

deep punctures, area behind ocelli distinctly raised. Mandibles normal. Third antennal

segment three times as long as it is broad at apex, fourth segment twice as long as

it is broad at apex, following segments gradually shorter, twelfth segment as long as

broad, last segment about one and one-half times as long as it is broad at base, no

tyloidea.

Scutum shining with deep punctures, interspaces equal to or twice as large as diameter

of punctures, sometimes larger. Puncturation of scutellum sparser, metanotum with

finer puncturation. Enclosed area of propodeum deep, with oblique longitudinal carinae,

median two carinae diverging. Lower part of longitudinal sulcus on back of propodeum

broad. Smooth area on both sides behind enclosed area not large, about twice as broad

as long, towards the longitudinal sulcus distinctly raised. Back of propodeum with very

strong reticulate carination, enclosing some large smooth multi-angular areas. Sides of pro-

podeum almost smooth, separated from carination of back by a long bent carina. Meso-

pleura and mesosternum with fine puncturation. Acetabular carina about half as long as

distance between ends of epicnemial carinae. Epicnemial carina connected with meso-

pleural signum. Interepicnemial area not with distinct transverse striation. Legs normal,

back of hind femora smooth with longitudinal row of fine piliferous punctures, upper

half bare, lower half with a few long hairs. Both recurrent veins ending in second

submarginal cell.

Petiole flattened dorsally, sides depressed with short upper basal keel and distinct

lower keel. Ventrally an indistinct keel posteriorly and a few punctures, each bearing

a long hair. Length of petiole about 7--8 times the width in the middle. Gastral

tergites with fine and wide-spread puncturation; puncturation much denser at margin

of first tergite and sides of base of second tergite. Fifth tergite with smooth margin.

Second gastral sternite shining with a few hair-bearing punctures.

Appressed pubescence of face silvery, also with a few long erect hairs. Rest of

body with a greyish-white pubescence which is longest on back of propodeum. Apical

margin of first tergite and sides of base of second tergite with dense and short whitish

pubescence; following tergites with a few long hairs on disk. Apical margin of sternites

with a row of long and stiff hairs, on disk some shorter pubescence. Last sternite

with dense brownish pubescence, laterally margined by a row of piliferous punctures.

Apical margin of third and fourth gastral sternites medially with long erect fasciculate

hairs, on each sternite divided into four separate bundles.

Length about 12 mm.

Female unknown.

S.W. Celebes: 1 4 (holotype), Bonthain, Wawa Karaeng, 1100 m, Sept.-Oct. 1931,

coll. G. Heinrich (ZMB).

110 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 4, 1968

The pubescence of the gastral tergites is not dense as in P. nitidus, but the smooth

areas of the propodeum are rather short and the acetabular carina is long. Although

these latter two characters would suggest the group of P. nitidus, I prefer to place

this male provisionally into the group of P. elisabethae. The decision whether it is

correctly placed or whether it belongs to the group of P. nitidus, depends upon the

structure of the pygidial area of the female.

Psen (Psen) regalis spec. nov.

Female. — Head and thorax black. Antennae reddish (dorsally slightly darkened),

mandibles reddish except dark tips, palpi testaceous, anterior margin of clypeus reddish-

brown. Tegulae and part of pronotal tubercles reddish. Veins of wings reddish-brown.

Legs including trochanters and apices of coxae red. Petiole, sides of first and second

gastral tergites, ventral plate of petiole and second sternite dark reddish.

Clypeus with slight emargination, densely punctate, anterior margin with fine trans-

verse striation. The interantennal carina ends below in a distinct tooth which is connected

with the antennal sclerites by fine carinae. A small smooth area near oculi and vertex

somewhat raised. Frons between ocelli and antennae with fine puncturation, frons

laterally and also vertex with remote fine puncturation. Mandibles normal.

Scutum densely punctate, punctures very fine on anterior third part and at the sides,

stronger on posterior part, interspaces there sometimes less than diameter, but usually

larger than diameter of punctures. Scutellum with remote coarse punctures, metanotum

much finer punctate. Enclosed area of propodeum normally depressed, between median

two carinae some irregular rugae, behind each lateral part of enclosed area a distinct

smooth area, back of propodeum with very coarse reticulate carination. Mesopleura

with indistinct puncturation. Metapleura smooth. Short acetabular carina, in front ot

‘and behind this carina some fine transverse striation. Back of hind femora with

longitudinal line of many fine punctures, each with a very short fine hair. Outer side

of hind tibiae with a longitudinal row of short thorns. Second recurrent vein of fore

wings ending in second submarginal cell near apex.

Petiole almost cylindrical, slightly flattened dorsally and anterolaterally, about 6.5—

7.5 times as long as wide in the middle. Gastral tergites with fine puncturation, inclu-

ding hind margin, except on hind margin of first tergite where the puncturation is dense.

Hind margin of fifth tergite impunctate, bordered by a few large punctures. Pygidial

area elongate-triangular, shining, a few punctures along the lateral margins (fig. 14).

Gastral sternites with a few strong punctures in front of the impunctate hind margin.

Pubescence of face golden, appressed and also with a few long hairs. Head and

thorax with long golden-brown hairs, mesosternum with dense, short, golden pubescence.

Gastral tergites with short golden-brown pubescence; a few long hairs on disk of second

gastral sternite, following sternites with a few long hairs arising from large punctures

along the impunctate hind margin.

Length about 12 mm.

Male unknown.

Solomon Islands: 1 9 (holotype), Vella Lavella, Ulo crater, 10 m, 17 Dec. 1963,

1 2 (paratype), Kolombangara, Gollifer’s Camp, 700 m, 23 Jan. 1964, both coll.

P. Shanahan, Malaise trap (BISH).

J. P. van LiTH: Oriental species of the genus Psen dl

This beautiful species which certainly belongs to the group of P. elisabethae, is easily

recognized by its golden face and the brown petiole.

Psen (Psen) coriaceus Van Lith

1959, Van Lith, Zool. Verh. Leiden 39 : 34—36.

The female which was recorded in my earlier paper (1959) as a paratype of P.

coriaceus from Mt. S. Tomas, is now considered as a new species: P. marjoriae.

A more detailed figure of the pygidial area of the female of P. coriaceus is given

here (fig. 13, holotype).

The acetabular carina is shorter than in P. »itidus, but relatively long in comparison

with other Psen. In the male this carina is even longer than half the distance between

the epicnemial carinae.

The scutum of the female from Negros, recorded in 1959, is much finer punctate

than in the holotype; a male from the more southern Mindanao Island, on the contrary,

is more coarsely punctate than the allotype from Mindoro. I am hesitating to consider

these specimens as separate subspecies, as long as we have no further material available.

Psen (Psen) marjoriae spec. nov.

1959, Van Lith, Zool. Verh. Leiden 39 : 34—36 (partim).

Female. — Black; scutum, scutellum and metanotum with somewhat plumbeous shine.

Fore side of fore tibiae and tarsi (except base of basitarsus) of fore and mid Jegs brown.

Ventral side of hind basitarsus brown, following tarsal segments apically somewhat

brownish. Apical spurs of mid and hind tibiae whitish. Veins of wings dark brown.

Clypeus with broad margin which is emarginate as in P. coriaceus and dull, im-

punctate; disk of clypeus densely punctate. Interantennal tooth as in P. corzaceus. Cen-

tral part of frons irregularly raised and coarsely punctate, sometimes punctures in dis-

tinct rows; area near eyes smooth, not distinctly raised as in coriacens. Vertex much

finer punctate, postocellar and interocellar areas raised. Antennae gradually thickened

towards apex. Scutum shining, coarsely punctate, punctures sometimes in rows. Posterior

two-thirds of tegulae smooth. Scutellum more sparsely punctate; metanotum almost

impunctate. Epicnemial carinae as in coriaceus. Acetabular carina short. Epicnemial areas

smooth, less distinctly separated from inter-epicnemial area, which is finely and densely

punctate. Enclosed area of propodeum somewhat depressed, shining but with traces

of coriaceous sculpture; distinct longitudinal carinae. Smooth areas behind enclosed area

partly with coriaceous sculpture, not as distinct as in coriaceus. Posterior part of propo-

deum irregularly, not very coarsely, carinate. Sides of propodeum shining with some

fine sculpture along posterior carina. Hind tibiae dorsally with a row of fine, black

spines. Second recurrent vein of fore wings ending in second submarginal cell.

Petiole about eight times as long as broad in the middle, cylindrical, dorsally slightly

flattened. Hind margin of gastral tergites 2—5 smooth, impunctate, broadest medially

and gradually narrowing towards the sides. A few punctures stronger than those on the

disk border the impunctate margin of the fifth tergite. Rest of tergites finely, not

densely punctate. Greater part of second gastral sternite smooth, almost impunctate and

with broad smooth margin; following sternites finely reticulate at base. Last segment

with a few large punctures laterally. Pygidial area as in P. elisabethae elisabethae but

punctures smaller (fig. 12).

112 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 4, 1968

Face with silvery, appressed pubescence and also with a few long erect hairs. Rest

of body with greyish-white pubescence, on scutum yellowish-grey. Punctures of pygidial

area each with backwards-directed bristle. Last tergites, and all sternites, with a few

long and stiff hairs separating the smooth apical margin from the disk. Base and apex

of hind tibiae with dense white pubescence on inner side.

Length about 10.5 mm.

Philippine Is.: 1 2 (holotype), Mt. Sto. Tomas, 7200 ft, near Baguio (Luzon), 27

Dec. 1952, H.M. and D. Townes (coll. Townes).

This specimen closely resembling P. coriaceus was thus far mistaken for the latter

as I did not earlier pay attention to the puncturation of the gastral tergites and their

impunctate margins. The same broad impunctate margin of the gastral tergites was also

found in a few more species of the group of P. elisabethae and of P. rufiventris. P.

marjoriae is easily distinguished from P. coriaceus by the puncturation of the tergites

and by the whitish tibial spurs.

According to information received from Dr. Clare R. Baltazar the temperature on

Mt. Santo Tomas, which is about 7200 feet high, is sometimes as low as 36—45

degrees Fahrenheit and temperate or subtemperate trees belong to its flora, such as

naturally growing pines and various species of oak.

Mt. Makiling, where P. coriaceus has been found, is lower, about 300 feet, the tem-

perature near the summit is usually between 70 and 80 degrees and the flora is quite

different.

A female from Baguio, 15 km away from Mt. Sto. Tomas (there is no record of the

altitude at which this specimen has been taken) agrees with the description of P.

coriaceus. The hind basitarsi are dark dorsally but all tarsi are generally paler than in

P. marjoriae. The hind margins of the gastral tergites are richly punctured.

I regret that only one specimen of P. marjoriae is known thus far and I have been

hesitating about its systematic status. However, especially in view of the conspicuous

impunctate margins of the gastral tergites, I feel justified to describe it as a distinct

species. It is to be hoped that more and ample material will become available in the

near future.

I have the pleasure to dedicate this species to Dr. Marjorie Townes who, together

with the other members of the Townes family, collected so many interesting Philippine

Psenini.

Psen (Psen) novahibernicus Van Lith

1965, Van Lith, Zool. Verh. Leiden 73 : 33—34.

The original description was based on three males. Here follows the description of

the female, which was collected together with the holotype.

Black, greater part with bluish shine. Mandibles somewhat reddish near apex, fore

side of fore tibiae (also in male), ends of all tibiae and all tarsi yellowish-brown,

basitarsi somewhat paler, tibial spurs straw-yellow. Veins of wings black.

Anterior margin of clypeus as in male. Interantennal carina and puncturation of

frons and vertex as in male. Postocellar and interocellar area slightly raised. Structure

of scutum, scutellum and propodeum as in male, back of propodeum with few carinae,

so that a few large enclosed areas are formed, each with very fine sculpture on the

surface. Precoxal suture connected with subpleural signum. Legs less slender. Both

J. P. van LITH: Oriental species of the genus Psen 113

recurrent veins of fore wings ending in second submarginal cell. Petiole about six

times as long as it is broad in the middle, anterior half laterally somewhat flattened,

also dorsally somewhat flattened, no distinct lateral carinae, underside rounded, thick-

ened apically. Gaster very shining. First tergite very sparsely punctate on disk, apical

margin very finely punctate. Tergites 2—5 sparsely punctate, apical margins impunctate,

separated from the disk by a line of piliferous punctures, these punctures stronger on

fourth and fifth tergites. Pygidial area narrow (fig. 15), laterally with a row of punc-

tures, each with a bristle pointing backwards. Sternites 2—4 sparsely punctate with

smooth margin which is bordered laterally by a line of punctures, each with a back-

wards-directed bristle. Second sternite strongly shining, fifth sternite with fine coriaceous

sculpture, more densely punctate. Sixth sternite densely punctate, finely so on base,

coarsely on apical part, medially with an impunctate keel.

Length about 12.5 mm.

New Ireland: 1 2, Schleinitz Mts., Lelet Plateau, Oct. 1959, coll. W. W. Brandt

(BISH).

Psen (Psen) paulus spec. nov.

Female. — Black, palpi testaceous, legs including trochanters and petiole reddish.

Underside of antennae brown. Mandibles reddish-brown. Labrum red. Tegulae and veins

of wings dark brown.

Clypeus densely punctate, broad anterior margin finely transversely striate and weakly

emarginate. The fine interantennal carina ends between the antennae in a distinct tooth

which is connected with the antennal sclerites by fine carinae. Frons distinctly raised

on either side of the median carina, remotely punctate. Vertex with fine and sparse

puncturation, postocellar area slightly raised. Mandibles normal. Antennal segments

9—11 about as long as broad, last segment slightly more than one and one-half times

as long as its breadth at base.

Scutum with relatively coarse punctures, often in rows with interspaces much smaller

than diameter of punctures, otherwise interspaces more than diameter. Anteriorly and

antero-laterally the punctures are much finer. Scutellum finer and more sparsely punctate,

metanotum still finer. Enclosed area of propodeum distinct, a few oblique longitudinal

carinae, median two carinae much diverging. Behind the smooth areas some coarse

reticulate carination. Mesopleura with indistinct puncturation, metapleura smooth. Legs

normal, hind tibiae with a row of thorns on outer side. Second recurrent vein of fore

wings ending near the end of the second submarginal cell.

Petiole cylindrical, dorsally somewhat flattened, about seven times as long as broad

in the middle. Gastral tergites with sparse puncturation, hind margins of segments

2-5 impunctate. Pygidial area (fig. 18, holotype and 19, Hollandia) elongate-trian-

gular, shining, with a few punctures along the margin. Sternites with sparse puncturation.

Sixth sternite with a few large punctures.

Face silvery pubescent with a few long erect hairs, vertex and scutum with greyish

pubescence, propodeum with long whitish hairs, gaster with sparse fine pubescence.

Gastral tergites 4 and 5 and all sternites with a few long hairs near hind margin. Sixth

sternite with dense, short brownish pubescence.

Male. — Apical thorn brown. Hind tibiae without thorns. Hind margins of tergites

2 etc. with a few fine punctures. Gastral sternites 3 and 4 with long dark brown fasci-

culate hairs at hind margin in two bundles on each segment.

Genitalia Fig. 36—37.

114 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 4, 1968

New Guinea: 1 ® (holotype), N.E. New Guinea, Wau, Morobe District, 1050 m,

16 Oct. 1961, Malaise trap, coll. J. Sedlacek; 1 4 (allotype), Karimui, 1080 m, 14 July

1963, coll. M. Sedlacek (BISH); 1 2, Hollandia, July 1938, Neth.-Ind—American

New Guinea Exp. 1938—39, coll. L. J. Toxopeus (ML).

Papua: 1 9, Inonda, Horanda District, April 1943, coll. W. G. Bodenstein (USNM);

1 4, Mondo, 5000 ft., Febr. 1934, coll. L. E. Cheesman, BM 1934—321 (BM).

The name paulus is used because of the small size of both holo- and allotype, which

have a length of about 6.5 mm. Afterwards I received a male from Papua of about 8

mm and two females from Papua and Hollandia of about 10.5 and 11 mm. This great

difference in size is rather unusual.

The male from Papua differs in a few minor details from the allotype: the fine

puncturation of the scutum antero-laterally is denser and the pubescence of the scutum

is somewhat brownish.

P. paulus s.str. is easily recognized by the red legs and petiole and the coarse punc-

turation of the scutum. The subspecies from Japen Island has a brassy face and finer

punctures and the subspecies from the Solomon Islands has a much finer puncturation

of the scutum (pubescence of face silvery).

Psen (Psen) paulus baduriensis subspec. nov.

Two females from Japen Island differ distinctly from the females of the nominate

form from New Guinea and Papua.

They are larger (length about 10 and 12 mm), the antennal segments are slightly

longer (segments 9—11 about one quarter longer than they are broad at base; last

segment about three quarters longer than broad at base); the puncturation of the

scutum is somewhat finer than in the nominate subspecies and the appressed pubes-

cence of the face is more brassy than silvery.

Petiole about seven times as long as wide in the middle.

Pygidial area Fig. 20, holotype.

New Guinea: 2 2 (holotype and paratype), Japen Island, Mt. Baduri, 1000 ft,

August 1938, coll. L. E. Cheesman, BM 1938—593 (BM).

Psen (Psen) paulus subtilis subspec. nov.

Male. — Differs from the nominate subspecies in the reddish colour of the scape

of the antennae, the finer puncturation and the leaden shine of the scutum, and the

brownish hairs of head and thorax, the long hairs of the propodeum being very con-

spicuous.

Genitalia Fig. 40—41.

Length about 9.5 mm.

Female unknown.

Solomon Islands: 1 4 (holotype), Kolombangara, Collifer's Camp, 700 m, 23 Jan.

1964, Malaise trap, coll. P. Shanahan (BISH).

Psen (Psen) vadosus spec. nov.

Female. — Black with a slight metallic-blue shine; fore side of fore tibiae and ex-

treme apices of all tibiae brown, tarsi yellowish-brown. Middle part of mandibles dark

reddish-brown. Palpi testaceous.

J. P. van LITH : Oriental species of the genus Psen 115

Clypeus convex, with dense superficial puncturation and broad, almost smooth, im-

punctate margin which is slightly emarginate. The interantennal carina ends between

antennae in a low tubercle connected with underside of antennal sclerites by a fine

carina. Frons with some puncturation on both sides of median carina, against the eyes

a slightly raised smooth area, on either side of frontal carina frons somewhat protruding.

Vertex with fine and remote punctures, postocellar area raised. Mandibles normal. An-

tennae gradually thickened towards apex, segments 9—11 about as long as broad. Last

segment about one and one-half times as long as broad at base.

Scutum with distinct punctures, irregularly placed, sometimes in short rows but

interspaces usually two or three times diameter of punctures, central part of scutum

largely impunctate, scutellum and metanotum with a few fine punctures. Enclosed area

of propodeum with less longitudinal carinae than usual (six long carinae and also a

few incomplete carinae), median two carinae much diverging. Enclosed area not much

depressed, posteriorly not distinctly bordered and gradually passing into the smooth areas

behind the enclosed area. Back of propodeum with mostly fine, irregularly reticulate

carination. Mesopleura with very fine remote punctures. Acetabular carina reaching about

halfway the distance between the median line and the end of the epicnemial carina.

Legs normal, back of hind femora smooth with median longitudinal line of very fine

piliferous punctures. Second recurrent vein of fore wings interstitial. Petiole about seven

times as long as broad in the middle, almost cylindrical, with upper lateral edge; sides

anteriorly somewhat depressed. Gastral tergites with sparse and fine puncturation,

margin of tergites 2—5 impunctate, sixth tergite with elongate triangular pygidial area

(Fig. 16, holotype), which is very shining and has a few punctures along the margin.

Gastral sternites with a few fine punctures, second sternite almost smooth.

Appressed pubescence of face silvery, temples and mesosternum also with silvery

pubescence. Rest of body with greyish pubescence, a few long stiff hairs along margin

of tergites and sternites, sternite 6 with dense yellowish-grey pubescence, partly with

long, backwards directed hairs.

Length about 8.5 mm.

Male. — Legs paler: femora more or less brownish, mid and hind tibiae much paler

brown. Sides of petiole somewhat more depressed so that almost two carinae are formed.

Antennal segments 9—12 slightly longer than broad, last segment about one and one-

half times as long as its width at base.

Second gastral sternite with smooth posterior margin, bordered by a few long stiff

hairs. Margins of following sternites finely pubescent and with a few long stiff hairs,

margins of third and fourth sternites each with two bundles of fasciculate hairs. Sixth

sternite with a patch of dense short brownish pubescence and a great number of long,

backwards directed stiff hairs.

Genitalia Fig. 42.

Length about 8.5 mm.

Solomon Is.: 2 @ (holotype and paratype), Santa Ysabel, Tamatahi, 450 m, 2 July

1960, coll. C. W. O'Brien; 1 4 (allotype), Bougainville S., Buin, 2 June 1956,

coll. J. L. Gressitt; 1 4 (paratype), Bougainville, Mumurai, 400 m, 7 June 1956, coll.

J. L. Gressitt (all BISH).

The sexes come from different islands; this may explain the difference in the colour

of the legs.

P. vadosus differs from its relatives in the enclosed area of the propodeum not being

116 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 4, 1968

distinctly separated from the smooth areas on the propodeum and in the long acetabular

carina.

Psen (Psen) bryani Perkins & Cheesman

1928, Perkins and Cheesman, Insects of Samoa 5 (1): 28—29 (Psen bryani).

I have studied the allotype ( 4 ) in the collection of the British Museum (Natural

History), but not the female. In the material received from the Bernice P. Bishop

Museum I found three males which undoubtedly also belong to this species. Their tarsi

are dark. Hind margins of gastral tergites 2—5 impunctate. Genital apparatus resembling

that of P. elisabethae but of extraordinary large size (Fig. 38 and 39).

The only characteristics I could find to distinguish this species from P. cheesmanae

from the New Hebrides are the darker tarsi of the male and probably also its darker

fasciculate hairs of the gastral sternites.

New records: Samoa: 1 4, Tutuila, Afono trail, March 1930, coll. O. T. Fullaway;

2 &, Tutuila, Mt. Alava, 500 m, 20—24 Febr. 1965, Malaise trap, coll. G. A.

Samuelson (BISH).

Psen (Psen) cheesmanae Krombein

1949, Krombein, Proc. Hawaiian Ent. Soc. 13 (3): 364—365 (4).

Krombein based his description on two males, collected by Miss L. E. Cheesman.

In the collection of the British Muscum (Natural History) I found three females, also

collected by Miss Cheesman, same locality and same period, which are probably the

opposite sex of this species.

The hind margins of the gastral tergites 2—5 are impunctate, as in the male holotype.

The puncturation of the scutum of these females and of the holotype resembles to a

great extent that of the male of P. bryani Perkins & Cheesman. Pygidial area Fig. 17.

New Hebrides: 3 9, Santo, Aug.—Sept. 1929, coll. L. E. Cheesman, BM 1929—

537 (BM).

Psen (Psen) bishopi spec. nov.

Female. — Head and thorax black; middle part of mandibles reddish, palpi testa-

ceous, underside of scape reddish-brown, apex of antennae below somewhat brownish,

tegulae reddish-brown. All legs including trochanters reddish. Petiole, first and second

gastral tergites except darkened apical margin, second sternite and apical margin of

following sternites reddish. Rest of gaster black. Veins of wings dark brown.

Clypeus raised below, densely punctate, anterior margin with light emargination,

surface of this margin shining with very fine transverse striation (just visible under

30 x magnification). Interantennal carina ending in a low triangular tooth which is

connected with the underside of the antennal sclerites by a fine carina. Only central

part of frons with dense superficial puncturation, rest of frons and vertex shining, with

few punctures. Postocellar area slightly raised. Mandibles and antennae normal.

Scutum with fine puncturation on fore part, punctures stronger on posterior half,

interspaces often a few times larger than diameter of punctures, on posterior half punc-

tures partly in rows. Scutellum and metanotum smooth, with a few punctures. Enclosed

area of propodeum but slightly concave, latero-posteriorly not distinctly separated from

the smooth surface behind the enclosed area and with long oblique longitudinal carinae,

J. P. van LiTH: Oriental species of the genus Psen 15107

median two carinae strongly diverging. Behind enclosed area on each side of median

sulcus a large smooth area, partly on horizontal part of propodeum. Back of propodeum

with irregular, not very strong reticulate carination. Mesopleura almost smooth, meta-

pleura smooth and shining. No distinct acetabular carina.

Both recurrent veins end in the second submarginal cell. Legs normal, back of hind

femora smooth with a longitudinal line of minute piliferous punctures. Petiole cylindri-

cal, dorsally somewhat flattened, about 7 times as long as wide in the middle. Gastral

tergites and sternites with very few fine punctures, broad hind margin of tergites

2—5 impunctate. Pygidial area elongate-triangular, smooth with a few punctures along

the margin (fig. 21).

Face with silvery appressed pubescence and a few long erect hairs, dorsum and back

of thorax with golden-brown long pubescence, pubescence of mesosternum paler. Gaster

almost bare, a few long stiff hairs near margin of sternites.

Length about 10 mm.

Male unknown.

Solomon Islands: 1 9 (holotype), Kolombangara, Collifer’s Camp, 700 m, 24 Jan.

1964, coll. P. Shanahan (BISH).

Easily distinguished from other species of the group by the red petiole and first

gastral tergites and by the almost impunctate gaster.

Group of Psen orientalis

This group is even larger than that of P. elisabethae, including the three species just

described by Tsuneki from Formosa now counting 20 forms. All have the characteristic

shape of the propodeum. The females of most of the species belonging here have a

broad and opaque pygidial area, but in P. hakwsanus and a few allied species the

pygidial area is narrower and more or less shining.

The number of tyloidea on the antennae of the males varies, sometimes they are

even absent.

Psen (Psen) terrigenus Van Lith

1959, Van Lith, Zool. Verh. Leiden 39: 30—34 (@).

1965, Van Lith, Zool. Verh. Leiden 73 : 39.

This species was described from three females from West Java, no male being

known at that time. A male, collected in East Java was discovered recently in the

collections of the British Museum (Natural History), London. The puncturation of this

specimen is strong, as in the females. The genitalia resemble those of P. orientalis;

this confirms my earlier supposition (1965) that P. terrigenus belongs to the group of

that species.

Fore and mid tarsi dark brown, hind tarsi paler (in the female tarsi reddish brown).

Clypeus convex, median part of anterior margin with shallow triangular emargination,

not distinctly separated from lateral parts. Frons with dense puncturation, punctures

distinct and mostly in rows. Frontal line fine but distinct. Antennal segments 4—13

with broad oblong, longitudinal, shining tyloidea; tyloidea of segments 4—11 about

as long as segment, broadest on first segments, on the 12th segment ending before apex,

on the 13th segment very small.

Propodeum generally similar to that of female but carination on back coarser and

118 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 4, 1968 |

vadosus

cheesmanae

novahibernicus

bishopi

baduriensis paulus

(Hollandia)

Fig. 15—21. Pygidial area of female of species of Indo-Australian and South Pacific Psen s.str.

15, P. novahibernicus Van Lith; 16, P. vadosus sp.n.; 17, P. cheesmanae Krombein; 18, P. paulus

sp.n. (N.E. New Guinea); 19, P. paulus sp.n. (Hollandia); 20, P. paulus baduriensis subsp.n.;

21, P. bishopi sp.n.

J. P. van LitH: Oriental species of the genus Psen 119

extending higher, leaving a narrow, almost smooth area laterally behind the enclosed

area. Acetabular carina (with a few parallel carinae) not yet reaching halfway the

epicnemial carinae.

Face with silvery pubescence. Hind margin of third and fourth gastral sternites with

fringe of fasciculate yellowish-golden hairs.

Length about 8.5 mm.

East Java: 1 4, May 1938. Tengger Highlands, Nongkodjadjar, 1100 m, coll.

Mrs. M. E. Walsh (BM).

Psen (Psen) hakusanus seminitidus Van Lith

1934, Gussakovskij, Ark. Zool. 27A (21): 7 (Mimesa kobli).

1965, Van Lith, Zool. Verh. Leiden 73 : 40—41 (Psen (Psen) seminitidus).

1966, Tsuneki, Etizenia Fukui Univ. 14: 9—10 (Psen (Psen) hakusanus seminitidus) 8.

1967, Tsuneki, Etizenia Fukui Univ. 24: 2, 9.

In 1966 Tsuneki studied a male from Formosa which he provisionally identified as

P. hakusanus seminitidus. He noticed some differences from the females reported from

China in 1965 (Van Lith). According to Tsuneki the puncturation is as close as in

P. hakusanus s.str. and the petiole has no ventral median carina. Tsuneki therefore

suggested that it is a different geographical race.

In his recent paper Tsuneki (November 1967) also recorded a female from Formosa

and Sauter collected there two females which are very similar to P. hakusanus seminitidus.

They differ, however, in the slightly narrower pygidial area as compared with the

figure in my paper of 1965. The puncturation is less dense than in P. hakusanus s.str.

The ventral median keel of the petiole is distinct, as in the specimens from the continent.

Length about 9 mm.

A further study based on more extensive material would be very welcome.

New records from Formosa: 2 9, Hoozan, Nov. 1910, coll. H. Sauter (ZMB).

Psen (Psen) kulingensis Van Lith

1965, Van Lith, Zool. Verh. Leiden 73 : 41—42 (S. China).

Two females from Japan are very probably conspecific with P. kulingensis described

from S. China. The petiole is slightly longer, the legs and wing veins are somewhat

paler than in the paratype available for comparison. The pygidial area is less broad.

Perhaps these specimens form a new subspecies. They differ from P. affinis Gussa-

kovskij, from Japan, in the absence of a ventral keel of the petiole and in the somewhat

coarser puncturation of the scutum.

Japan: 2 9, Chuzenji, July—Aug. 1913, 4000—5000 ft. coll. F. Muir (BISH).

Psen (Psen) simlensis spec. nov.

Female. — Black; median part of mandibles reddish-brown, antennae somewhat

brownish. Palpi and tarsi reddish-brown. Spurs of tibiae yellowish-brown. Ventral side

of gaster partly dark reddish-brown. Veins of wings dark brown.

Clypeus convex, shining, with fine punctures, median part of anterior margin pro-

truding and somewhat raised, margin smooth, slightly emarginate (Fig. 23, holotype).

Frontal carina fine, ending between antennae in a distinct tooth, which is connected

120 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 4, 1968

with antennal sclerites by very fine, bent carinae. Frons above antennae with fine

punctures, upper part of frons and vertex shining, with sparse and minute punctures.

Frons distinctly raised in front of each of the posterior ocelli, also postocellar area

somewhat raised. Antennae normal, segments 9—11 about as long as they are broad,

twelfth segment slightly more than one and one-half times as long as its width at base.

Scutum shining with fine punctures, interspaces mostly a few times as large as dia-

meter of punctures, sometimes only just as large. Scutellum and metanotum shining,

with scarce puncturation. Enclosed area of propodeum with oblique carinae, median two

carinae almost parallel, surface between latter two carinae somewhat irregular. A smooth

area, broadest on the sides, behind the enclosed area, on dorsal side of propodeum,

narrowing towards the median sulcus. Back of propodeum with irregular reticulate

carination. Median sulcus with a few transverse carinae. Mesopleura and mesosternum

smooth and shining, with minute punctures. No acetabular carina. Mid tibiae with a

short longitudinal row of three or four long thorns at apex, hind tibiae dorsally with

a longitudinal row of short, slightly bent, pale thorns. Second recurrent vein of fore

wings interstitial. Petiole almost cylindrical, dorsally somewhat flattened. Tergites and

sternites, except narrow hind margins, with sparse and fine punctures. Hind margin

of fifth gastral sternite emarginate, sixth sternite densely punctate, with a narrow,

smooth and shining median keel. Pygidial area elongate-triangular (Fig. 22), surface

with very fine coriaceous sculpture, a few fine punctures along the lateral carinae.

Pubescence of face silvery, appressed, with a few long erect hairs. Pubescence of rest

of body greyish, long on propodeum, sparse on gaster. Sternites 2—5 with a few long

and stiff hairs before hind margin. Sixth sternite with dense and short pubescence.

Length about 8.5 mm.

Male unknown.

North India: 1 @ (holotype), Simla (Himachal Pradesh or Simla, Calcutta), 12 Aug.

1918, Bruneti coll. 1927—184 (BM); 1 ® (paratype), Mussoorie, 7500 ft., 24 June

1962, No. 22, coll. V. Gupta (UDE).

There is no doubt that Simla in the state of Himachal Pradesh is concerned.

P. simlensis resembles the species of the subgroup of P. hakusanus, which have also

a narrow and more or less shining pygidial area, but it is easily distinguished by the

almost cylindrical petiole.

Psen (Psen) orientalis Cameron

1890, Cameron, Mem. Proc. Manch. Lit. Phil. Soc. (4) 3 : 269, ® (Psen orientalis; Madras, India).

1902, Cameron, JI. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 14: 289, 2 and & (Psen reticulatus; Deesa (!), India).

1965, Van Lith, Zool. Verh. Leiden 73 : 42—44.

After the study of a fine series of fresh specimens, all females, from Simla (type-

locality of P. reticulatus Cameron), a supplementary description can now be given.

Female. — Black, also legs and veins of wings. Only the tips of the mandibles, the

tibial spurs and the claws of the tarsi are dark reddish. Palpi dark brown. Hind tibiae

dorsally with short reddish spines. Mid tibiae and basitarsi, also apex of hind tibiae and

hind basitarsi with longer, pale spines. Apex of pygidial area not always with reddish

spot.

Clypeus slightly raised before the impunctate anterior margin. Frontal carina ending in

a small tooth and an angular carina, which is not connected on either side with the

antennal sclerites. Postocellar area slightly raised. Third antennal segment almost twice

J. P. van LITH : Oriental species of the genus Psen 121

as long as fourth segment. Dorsal part of propodeum bordered by a fine high carina.

Below this carina a narrow area without carinae but with piliferous punctures.

Petiole laterally with distinct upper and lower edges and on posterior half of ventral

side with unsharp carina which is more distinct on ventral plate of petiole.

Scutum with very fine and short brownish pubescence and long whitish hairs. Meso-

sternum with short white pubescene and long white hairs.

New records: N. India, Simla Hills: Narkanda, 9000 ft., 6 9, 3 Oct. 1962, coll.

Gupta, No. 27; 3 9, 5 Oct. 1962, coll. Gupta, No. 30 and 31; Chini bungalow, 8600

ft, 2 9, 11 and 13 Oct. 1962, coll. Gupta, No. 40 (UDE).

As I explained in 1965 in my opinion P. orientalis and reticulatus are conspecific

but a series of fresh material, males as well as females, from South India would be

welcome to confirm this.

Group of Psen refractus

Psen (Psen) refractus Nurse

1903, Nurse, JI. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 15: 11—12, ® (Mt. Abu, N. India).

1965, Van Lith, Zool. Verh. Leiden 73 : 50—51.

Four females from Nilgiri Hills (S. India) are slightly darker than the type from

N. India. The first and second gastral tergites are red, but the posterior margin of the

second tergite is darkened medially. Base of third tergite red laterally. Apex of petiole

below and whole ventral plate of petiole red, also second sternite. Clypeus completely

black. Femora and greater part of tibiae black.

A male from the same locality is a little more red than the females: second tergite

completely red, also basal half of third sternite. Last antennal segment brown below.

Structure of antennae as in P. refractus meridianus (Van Lith, 1965).

As the differences between the females from Mt. Abu and from Nilgiri Hills are

so unimportant, I do not think that the specimens from Nilgiri Hills belong to a dif-

ferent subspecies. P. refractus meridianus from Kodaikanal, Palni Hills (two females

and four males, Van Lith, 1965) is much darker and this may indeed be a distinct

subspecies. The Palni Hills are not so far distant from the Nilgiri Hills, but the wasps

were collected there at the altitude of 6500 feet whereas those from the Nilgiri Hills

were found at 3200—3400 feet. Moreover these mountainous regions seem to be

well separated geographically by plains.

New records: Nilgiri Hills, South India, 1 9, Singara, 3400 ft, May 1954, coll.

P. S. Nathan (coll. Ferguson), 3 9 and 1 4, Devala, 3200 ft., Oct. 1960, coll. P. S.

Nathan (ML).

Psen (Psen) krombeini Van Lith

1965, Van Lith, Zool. Verh. Leiden 73 : 52—55.

New records: 11 9, S. India, Madras State, Anamalai Hills, Kadamparai, 3500 ft.

May 1963, coll. P. S. Nathan (ML).

Group of Psen aureohirtus

Psen (Psen) aureohirtus aureohirtus Rohwer

1921, Rohwer, Phil. JL Sc. 18 : 322—323 (Psen (Mimesa) aureohirta).

1959, Van Lith, Zool. Verh. Leiden 39 : 49—50 (Psen (Psen) aureohirtus).

1965, Van Lith, Zool. Verh. Leiden 73: 56.

New record: Philippine Is., 1 4, Baguio (Luzon), April 1917, coll. F. X. Williams

(BISH).

122 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 4, 1968

Psen (Psen) toxopeusi Van Lith

1959, Van Lith, Zool. Verh. Leiden 39: 47—49 (9).

The original description was based on three females collected in 1936. In the material

from the Berlin Museum I found two females, also collected in S. W. Celebes, by

G. Heinrich, in 1931. In these specimens the acetabular carina is not distinctly present.

The third gastral sternite is partly darkened.

A male, taken at the same locality, is very similar. Antennae long, sixth segment with

narrow longitudinal carina, seventh segment with broader tyloidea, segments 8—12

with almost circular depression, last segment with small round tubercle.

Hind margin of third and fourth gastral sternites with long, brown and fasciculate

hairs. Clypeus with appressed silvery pubescence, supra-clypeal area with appressed, pale

golden pubescence, frons with erect golden pubescence.

Genitalia resembling those of P. melanosoma (Fig. 44).

Length about 11 mm.

New records from S. W. Celebes: 2 @ and 1 ¢, Bonthain, Wawa Karaeng, 1100 m,

Sept.-Oct. 1931, coll. G. Heinrich (ZMB).

Group of Psen ruficrus

Psen (Psen) ruficrus Van Lith

1965, Van Lith, Zool. Verh. Leiden 73 : 62—63 (€).

A female collected in the close neighbourhood of the locality where two males were

found six years earlier, is undoubtedly conspecific.

It has no distinct bluish shine on head and thorax and the orange-red colour is

slightly more extended: legs including a great part of coxae, petiole with ventral plate,

lower margin of first tergite. Mandibles except dark tips and labrum orange-red. Upper

side of scape of antennae red, most of the following segments with dark red spot on

ventral side. Veins of wings dark brown.

Lower part of clypeus protruding and with sharp lateral carinae (resembling the

clypeus of the females of the group of P. refractus), anterior margin with triangular

emargination (Fig. 7), surface of disk densely punctate. The fine interantennal carina

ends in a low smooth triangle which is connected with the antennal sclerites by fine

carinae. Frons distinctly punctate between antennae and ocelli, smooth laterally. Vertex

with a few fine punctures, interocellar area stronger punctate and somewhat raised.

Antennae slightly thickened towards apex. Mandibles normal.

Scutum, scutellum and metanotum with fine remote punctures. Propodeal enclosure

with distinct longitudinal carinae, median two carinae strongly diverging. Upper part

of back of propodeum rounded laterally, vertical part flat, completely and coarsely cari-

nate; sulcus narrow. Hind tibiae dorsally with longitudinal row of reddish thorns, at

base with a short second row, apex with four longer thorns. Second recurrent vein of

fore wings interstitial (in right wing ending just in second submarginal cell, owing to

deformation). Petiole cylindrical except short anterolateral carinae. Gaster almost com-

pletely smooth with very few minute punctures, margins completely smooth. Pygidial

area large, broadly triangular, base convex, surface coriaceous with 7—8 irregular rows

of large punctures, narrow margin impunctate (Fig. 5).

Face with golden pubescence, cheeks more silvery pubescent, rest of body with long

J. P. vAN LITH: Oriental species of the genus Psen 123

exaratus

santoro Daf

indicus

CAPTER

LRQ

Sean NN ES

indicus

taiwanus

inflatus

taiwanus

Fig. 22—23. Pygidial area and anterior margin of clypeus of Psen (Psen) simlensis sp.n. (9)

Fig. 24—25, face and pygidial area of Psen (Mimesa?) inflatus sp.n. (2). Fig. 26—33, sub-

species of Psen (Punctipsen) exaratus (Eversmann), all males. 26, mid tarsus of P. exaratus s.str.;

27, mid tarsus of P. exaratus santoro Yasumatsu; 28—29, mid basitarsus and mandible of P.

exaratus indicus subsp.n.; 30—31, dorsal and ventral view of genitalia of P. exaratus indicus

subsp.n.; 32—33, mid basitarsus and fore basitarsus of P. exaratus taiwanus Tsuneki.

124 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 4, 1968

brownish hairs, scutum darker. Gaster very sparsely haired. Pygidial area with back-

wards directed hairs.

Length about 11 mm.

New Guinea: 1 2, N.E. New Guinea, Daulo Pass, 2400 m, 15 May 1963, coll. J.

Sedlacek (BISH).

I am more convinced now that P. ruficrus is closely related to P. melanosoma of the

group of P. aureohirtus. The pygidial area of the female, the golden clypeal pubescence

and the extent of red colour also point to a relationship with P. toxopeusi, of the same

group, although the vertex is much less raised.

Contrary to P. toxopeust the median part of the clypeus is raised in the female of

P. ruficrus and carinate laterally. Therefore I hesitate to place it definitely in the group

of P. aureohirtus and prefer to consider it provisionally as an intermediate form.

The species also occurs in Papua, where Miss L. E. Cheesman collected a fine series

of males: 9 3, Mondo, 5000 ft., Febr.-March 1934, BM 1934-321 (BM).

Group of Psen bakeri

Psen (Psen) sedlaceki spec. nov.

Male. — Head and thorax black; reddish are: mandibles except dark red tips, legs

including trochanters and hind coxae. Claws of legs, margins of pronotal tubercles,

tegulae and veins of wings brown. Scape of antennae brown, palpi testaceous. Petiole,

first gastral tergite, second gastral tergite except brown margin, sides of third tergite

and entire second gastral sternite pale reddish. Rest of gaster black.

Clypeus dull, densely and finely punctate, anterior margin with transverse striation

and triangular emargination. The interantennal carina ends in a small flat tubercle.

Frons and interocellar area with fine but distinct puncturation, vertex smooth and

shining, postocellar area not raised. Antennae rather long, segments 7—12 with large

broad-oval tyloidea, segments 6 and 13 with a small shining tubercle. Last segment

about twice as long as broad at base.

Greater part of scutum with very coarse punctures, on posterior half partly in striae.

On the sides of the scutum the punctures are much finer. Scutellum with a few distinct

punctures, metanotum much finer and more densely punctate. Enclosed area of propo-

deum with strong posterior carina, two median of the longitudinal carinae strongly

diverging. Back of propodeum with coarse reticulate carination: sides with a few

oblique carinae. Mesopleura and hypo-epimeral area with fine punctures. A short but

distinct acetabular carina. Interepicnemial area with fine transverse striation. Legs normal.

Second recurrent vein of fore wings interstitial. Petiole long, cylindrical. Gaster with

minute punctures.

Pubescence of face silvery, appressed and with a few long erect hairs. Head and

thorax greyish pubescent. Mesosternum with dense silvery pubescence. Gaster with very

fine, short and sparse pubescence, a few long hairs near the hind margin of the last

tergites and sternites. Hind margin of third and fourth sternites each with two bundles

of golden-brown long fasciculate hairs. Sixth sternite with dense, short brownish

pubescence.

Genitalia Fig. 43.

Length about 10.5 mm.

Female unknown.

J. P. VAN LITH: Oriental species of the genus Psen 125

N. E. New Guinea: 1 ¢ (holotype), Karimui, 1080 m, 14 July 1963, coll. M.

Sedlacek (BISH).

This species seems to be closely related to the Philippine P. bakeri Rohwer, which

has an entirely black gaster and petiole. They share the following characters: coarse

puncturation and striation of scutum, reduced interantennal tooth and triangular emargin-

ation of clypeus. The female of P. bakeri has a golden pubescent face.

Punctipsen subgen. nov.

De Beaumont (1937) placed P. exaratus (Eversmann) in the subgenus Psen but he

admitted that its systematical position was somewhat doubtful. Indeed the lack of

fasciculate hairs on the margins of the third and fourth gastral sternites of the male

distinguish P. exaratus from any other species belonging to the subgenus Psen. In both

sexes the longitudinal groove and the strong punctures, which are sometimes fused into

short grooves, of the petiole are properties lacking in Psen s.str. Only in oriental repre-

sentatives of the subgenus Mzmwmesa Malloch the posterior end of the petiole has a few

large punctures. Moreover, the genital apparatus of the male differs considerably from

the genitalia studied thus far in the subgenus Psen s.str. Therefore I place P. exaratus

in the present new subgenus.

The nominate subspecies occurs or has occurred probably in the whole palaearctic

area. Four subspecies have been found in the Indo-Australian region; one of these is

described here as new from South India which is the first record of P. exaratus from

South Asia. As the oriental representatives seem to be allopatric and the differences

are not important, I prefer to maintain their subspecific status as proposed by Tsuneki

(1966). The differences between /arwanus Tsuneki and the four other subspecies are

greater, however, than the differences between the latter subspecies (mid basitarsus ot

male, pubescence of gaster).

Punctipsen is very closely related to Psen s.str., the epicnemial carinae being contin-

uous with the anterior precoxal suture (carina). The hypo-epimeral area is distinct, the

upper longitudinal half of the back of the hind femora is smooth and separated from

the lower half by a broad line of minute piliferous punctures. The frontal carina 1s

complete.

The basitarsi of fore and mid legs of the male and mostly also its mandibles have

special structures but these characters are not of subgeneric value.

The stipites of the genitalia are not nearly flat as in the subgenus Psen but swollen,

also their tips, and there are no membranous lobes.

Type species of Punctipsen: Mimesa exarata Eversmann.

KEY TO THE SUBSPECIES OF Psen (Punctipsen) exaratus

(The females of a few subspecies being unknown, this key is only reliable for the

identification of the males)

IAD = interantennal distance; AOD = antenno-ocular distance.

1. Mandibles of male ventrally with a long tooth. Basitarsus of mid legs of male with

short median tooth, apical tooth long. In both sexes ratio eye-temple 1.0—1.2;

ratio IAD-AOD 1.8—2. Punctures on gastral tergites 1 and 2 sparse and weak. In

female apical segments of antennae ferruginous beneath. (W. Europe, Caucasus,

Siberia, PROTEIN) pati) wiser CEE exaralus exaratus

126 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 4, 1968

— Mandibles of male ventrally without tooth or with vestigial tooth. Ratios different

2. Mandibles of male without ventral tooth. Median tooth of mid basitarsus of male

about half as long as apical tooth. In both sexes ratio eye-temple about 1.6; ratio

(IAD-AOD about 3.2—4. In female antennae completely black. (Amami-Oshima

VE EE TORRES ART Ne oan ASA Re dodd elec exaralus Santoro

==" Mandibles of male with vestigial ‘tooth 0 eren CESSE EEE 3

3. Median and apical teeth of mid basitarsus about equally long. Ratio eye-temple

about 1.25; ratio IAD-AOD about 2.15. First gastral tergite with very fine punc-

tures. Underside of antennae yellowish-brown. Pubescence of gaster greyish-white,

not long and erect on segments 3—5. Female unknown. (S. India). ..................

exaratus indicus subsp. n.

— Median tooth of mid basitarsus of male at most half as long as apical tooth. Ratio

eye-temple ‘about 1:3; TAD-AOD 23 Ze ne 4

4. Median tooth of mid basitarsus about half as long as apical tooth, situated about

halfway basitarsus. Underside of antennae dark ferruginous. Pubescence of gaster

not very dense or erect. Female unknown. (Okinawa) exaratus intermedius

— Median tooth of mid basitarsus of male inconspicuous, situated about two-thirds of

length of basitarsus from base. Punctures on gastral tergites 1 and 2 more abun-

dant and more distinct. In female underside of antennae partly ferruginous, in

one of the males light brown. Pubescence yellowish-grey, dense, long and erect,

especially on gastral tergites 3—5. (Formosa) .................. exaralus taiwanus

Psen (Punctipsen) exaratus taiwanus Tsuneki

1966, Tsuneki, Etizenia Fukui Univ. 14: 6 (9).

1967, Tsuneki, Etizenia Fukui Univ. 24: 2 (2).

As Tsuneki was able to study only a single female from Formosa, he doubted the

validity of the new form. Through the kindness of Dr. Königsmann, Humboldt-

University in Berlin, I received several females and males collected by H. Sauter in

Formosa more than half a century ago. Now I am completely satisfied that this form

from Formosa is indeed a distinct subspecies. The male has a very short (vestigial) tooth

on the ventral side of the mandibles but it is easily distinguished from the male ot

P. exaratus intermedius Tsuneki from the Okinawa Islands by the very indistinct tooth of

the mid basitarsus and the smaller distance between this tooth and the apex.

Male. — Fore and mid legs almost completely brown (in female more darkened);

underside of basal part of antennae more yellowish (in female brown below).

Anterior margin of clypeus with a simple triangular emargination. Mandibles ven-

trally with a very small tooth (cf. Fig. 29). Scape of antennae thick; antennal segments

6—13 with distinct flat tyloidea, most distinct on segments 8—11. Frons and vertex

slightly raised, with distinct punctures. Scutum with strong punctures, interspaces often

smaller than diameter of punctures. Rugae on upper part of back of propodeum coarse,

more or less parallel. Both recurrent veins of fore wings ending in second submarginal

cell. Basitarsus of mid legs with long tooth at apex; an indistinct tooth at about two-

thirds of length of basitarsus from base (Fig. 32). Basitarsus of fore legs Fig. 33.

Petiole dorsally with deep punctures in coarse rugae, sides and underside each with two

J. P. van LITH: Oriental species of the genus Psen 127

distinct longitudinal carinae. Apex of petiole latero-ventrally also with a number of

short, irregular carinae.

Dense, yellowish-grey pubescence; apical margin of gastral tergites 2—5 with a

fringe of long pale hairs with bent tips.

Length about 9—10 mm.

The female was amply described by Tsuneki. I should like to add that the second

gastral sternite has a slight but broad median longitudinal depression. Base and hind

margin of tergites 3—5 are densely punctate. The petiole has indeed only two lateral

carinae; the ventral side is rounded (it has two carinae in the male) with coarse

punctures and small rugae on apical half.

New records from Formosa: 3 9, Taihorin, May and Oct. 1910; 2 &, Taihorinsho,

Aug. 1909, and Taihorin, Oct. 1910, coll. H. Sauter (ZMB).

Psen (Punctipsen) exaratus indicus subspec. nov.

Male. — Black, fore side of scape brownish, underside of antennae yellowish-

brown. Mandibles yellowish-red with darker tips. Fore and mid femora reddish except

dorsal side of basal half. Fore and mid tibiae reddish, slightly darkened on outer side.

Mandibles with vestigial tooth (Fig. 29) on ventral side, like that of P. exaratus inter-

medius Tsuneki from Okinawa. Frons and vertex slightly raised. Puncturation of frons,

vertex and scutum distinct but not very strong. Propodeum on upper part of back with

a number of rugae, not very strong and somewhat irregular. Antennal segments 6—13

with indistinct broad tyloidea.

Inner tooth of mid basitarsus much longer than in the males of the other four forms,

nearly as long as apical tooth; an imaginative line connecting the apices of the teeth of

the mid basitarsus is about parallel with the axis of the basitarsus (Fig. 28) whilst in

the other subspecies these lines are distinctly diverging (Fig. 26—27). Both recurrent

veins of fore wings ending in second submarginal cell. Petiole not rugose, with deep

and large punctures, sides and ventral side each with two carinae. Apex of ventral side

of petiole not with additional irregular rugae. Median part of second gastral sternite

somewhat depressed longitudinally.

Pubescence greyish, face silvery.

Genitalia Fig. 30—31.

Length about 8—9 mm.

Female unknown.

S. India: 2 & (holotype and paratype), Madras State, Anamalai Hills, Kadamparai,

3500 ft., May 1963, coll. P. Susai Nathan (ML).

The present male is easily distinguished from that of the nominate subspecies by the

vestigial tooth of the mandibles and from the other forms of P. exaratus by the long

median tooth of the mid-basitarsus.

Subgenus Mimesa Shuckard

The subgenus Mimesa has not yet been recorded from the Indo-Australian region.

Two females collected in New Guinea during the Third Archbold Expedition in 1939

share a few important characters with palaearctic Mimesa (sensu De Beaumont, 1937)

and they are either the first representatives of this subgenus in the Indo-Australian

area or they belong to a new subgenus. The characters referred to are: the distinctly

128 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 4, 1968

paulus 37

vadosus toxopeusi

sedlaceki

Fig. 34—44. Male genitalia of species of Indo-Australian, South Pacific and East Asiatic Psen

s.str. 34—35, dorsal and ventral view of P. ater (Fabricius); 36—37, ventral and dorsal view of

P. paulus sp.n. (left part); 38—39, ventral and dorsal view of P. bryani Perkins and Cheesman;

40—41, ventral and dorsal view of P. paulus subtilis subsp.n.; 42, dorsal view of P. vadosus

sp.n. (right part); 43, dorsal view of P. sedlaceki sp.n.; 44, dorsal view of P. toxopeusi Van Lith

(left part)

J. P. VAN LitH: Oriental species of the genus Psen 129

bordered epicnemial areas, the course of the epicnemial carinae, the incomplete frontal

carina, and the lack of carinae connecting the antennal sclerites with the interantennal

tooth.

The pygidial area is shaped as in oriental Mimumesa, being shining with a few punc-

tures along the margin. The hypo-epimeral area is not carinate or punctate as in palaearc-

tic Mimesa, but it is extended laterally into a right cone with the entire hypo-epimeral

area as its base. The lower half of the mesopleura and the whole mesosternum are coar-

sely and transversely striate. The petiole is also different from that of palaearctic

Mimesa, being long and cylindrical as in oriental Psen and Mimumesa. The longitudinal

carinae of the enclosed area of the propodeum continue somewhat on the back of the

propodeum, as in Mimumesa auratus and tridentatus.

Although in some details the two females also resemble the oriental species of Mimu-

mesa, | prefer to relegate them provisionally in the subgenus Mimesa, because of the

structure of the epicnemial areas and the lack of an acetabular carina.

Psen (?Mimesa) inflatus spec. nov.

Female. — Head and thorax black; head with somewhat metallic-blue shine, prono-

tum dorsally and notably pronotal tubercles with violet-bronze reflections, also hypo-

epimeral cones somewhat bronze-coloured; propodeum with paler bronze-coloured re-

flections tending to brassy. Mandibles except their dark base yellowish, with dark red

tips. Labrum yellowish. Palpi reddish. Scape of antennae reddish, also underside of

antennae, upper side of antennae brownish. Ends of femora and the entire tibiae and

tarsi reddish, hind tibiae and tarsi somewhat darkened. Spurs of tibiae yellowish-white.

Tegulae reddish. Veins of wings dark brown. Petiole including ventral plate and sides

of first gastral tergite dark reddish, margins of gastral tergites and of sternites 3—5

and the entire last segment reddish.

Clypeus (Fig. 24, holotype) densely punctate, median part much protruding with

slight angular emargination and fine transversely striate surface. Frontal carina only

distinct on lower half of frons, ending below in a tooth which in frontal view has an

elliptic depression on its lower part. No carinae between this tooth and the antennal

sclerites. Frons densely punctate, punctures in shallow rugae. Vertex much shining with

a few distinct punctures, postocellar area not raised. Temples and cheeks almost im-

punctate. Antennal segments long, third segment more than four times as long as wide

at apex, segments 10 and 11 at least one and one-half times as long as they are broad

and last segment slightly more than twice as long as broad at base.

Scutum with strong puncturation, punctures in rows in shallow rugae. Scutellum

anteriorly raised with strong punctures and a few irregular transverse carinae on its

fore part; posterior part with a number of parallel longitudinal carinae. Metanotum

with indistinct punctures and traces of longitudinal carinae. Enclosed area only slightly

depressed, without any distinct posterior border or carina. Longitudinal carinae ot

enclosed area continuing on to back of propodeum, a few continuing even further until

they are lost in the irregular reticulate carination on lower end of propodeum. Median

two longitudinal carinae of enclosed area slightly diverging and then narrowing into the

median sulcus on back of propodeum. Sides of propodeum with irregular sculpture and

a few oblique carinae. Epicnemial areas shining with minute punctures, distinctly separ-

ated from interepicnemial area, which is lower. Outer epicnemial carinae not bent back-

130 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 4, 1968

wards. The subpleural signum forms a pointed tubercle. Interepicnemial area and

mesosternum with coarse transverse, almost parallel rugae of which a few continue on

to the lower part of the mesopleura. Upper half of mesopleura almost smooth. Hypo-

epimeral area distinctly bordered, swollen and extending laterally into a high cone, which

in dorso-lateral view is as high as the length of the tegulae. Subalar area (under tegula)

also somewhat swollen, its ventral side bordered by a sharp carina.

Legs normal, back of hind femora smooth and shining, hind tibiae with longitudinal

row of short spines. First recurrent vein of fore wings ending near middle of second

submarginal cell, second recurrent vein interstitial. Petiole cylindrical, reaching beyond

hind femora when stretched. Gastral tergites and sternites with a few fine punctures,

hind margin impunctate. Pygidial area (Fig. 25, holotype) elongate triangular, at base

carinae bent somewhat inwards, surface smooth and shining, apical part with some fine,

transversely striate sculpture, along the lateral margins a few fine punctures.

Face below antennae with golden pubescence, appressed and also with a few long

erect hairs. Lower part of frons with golden pubescence, head and thorax dorsally with

brownish hairs, ventral side and back of thorax with long whitish hairs. Gaster with

very few hairs, in front of hind margins of sternites and of tergites 4—5 a few long

and stiff hairs.

Length about 9.5 mm.

Male unknown.

Central New Guinea: 1 9 (holotype), Mist Camp, 1800 m, 10 Jan. 1939, 1 9

(paratype), Top Camp, 2100 m, 9 Febr. 1939, Neth.-Ind—American New Guinea

Expedition, coll. L. J. Toxopeus (holotype ML, paratype USNM).

Some particulars regarding the localities where this highly interesting form was

collected have been published by Toxopeus (1940, 1941). The camps were on the

northern side of the Nassau Range near the Sahuweri, an affluent of the Idenburg

River. The climate was not favourable. At Top Camp the sun did not shine more

than a few hours in the morning; it was misty in the afternoon, stormy during the

night. Mist camp was even worse, the sun shining during an hour or less in the morn-

ing, the rest of the day being foggy.

J. P. vAN LITH: Oriental species of the genus Psen oil

LIST OF THE EAST ASIATIC, INDO-AUSTRALIAN AND SOUTH PACIFIC SPECIES OF THE

GENUS Psen LATREILLE WITH THEIR RANGE OF DISTRIBUTION

Subgenus Psen Latreille

Group of ater

P. ater (Fabricius), 2 4 — Europe, Siberia, China, Mongolia,

Korea, Japan

P. aurifrons Tsuneki, 9 4 — Japan

P. yasumatsui Gussakovskij, 4 — Japan

Group of aspites

P. aspites sp. n., 3 — Celebes

Group of emarginatus

P. emarginatus Van Lith 9 & — Java, Borneo

P. dzimm Tsuneki 2 ¢ — Japan

P. pilosus Van Lith, & — Malaya

P. nepalensis sp. n., 9 — Nepal

P. sauteri sp. n., Q — Formosa

Group of curvipilosus

P. curvipilosus Van Lith, 9 4 — Java

P. lieftincki lieftincki Van Lith, Q & — Sumatra, Malaya, ? Formosa

P. lieftincki minor Van Lith, 9 4 — Malaya

Group of tsunekii

P. tsunekit Van Lith, 9 & — Japan

P. ussuriensis Van Lith, 4 — Siberia

P. shirozui Tsuneki, & — Formosa

P. vechti vechti Van Lith, 9 — Java

P. vechti birmanicus Van Lith, 9 — Burma

P. assamensis Van Lith, 4 — India

Group of nitidus

P. mitidus nitidus Van Lith, 9 4 — Java, Krakatau, Bangka, Sumatra,

South India

P. nitidus takasago Tsuneki, 9 & — Formosa

Group of elisabethae

P. elisabethae elisabethae Van Lith, 9 & — Java, Sumatra

P. elisabethae auricomus Van Lith, 9 4 — Malaya, Pulau Tioman

P. elisabethae madrasiensis subsp. n., 2 & RS india

P. amboinensis Van Lith, 9 — Ambon

P. heinrichi sp. n., & — Celebes

P. regalis sp. n., 9 — Solomon Islands

P. coriacens Nan Lith, 98% — Philippines

P. marjoriae sp. n., 9 — Philippines

P. novahibernicus Van Lith, 9 & — New Ireland

P. paulus paulus sp. n., 9 & — New Guinea, Papua

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TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 4, 1968

paulus baduriensis subsp. n., 9

paulus subtilis subsp. n., 4

vadosus Sp. n., 2 4

bryani Perkins & Cheesman, 9 4

cheesmanae Krombein, 9 @

bishopi sp. n., 2

New Guinea: Japen Island

Solomon Islands

Samoa

New Hebrides

Solomon Islands

Group of rufiventris

rufiventris Cameron, 9

rubicundus rubicundus Van Lith, 9

rubicundus lawuensis Van Lith, 9

angulifrons Van Lith, &

nigriventris Van Lith, 9

richardsi Tsuneki, 9 &

S. India

W. Java

E. Java

Mindanao

Luzon

Japan

Group of orientalis

terrigenus Van Lith, 9 &

hakusanus hakusanus Tsuneki, 9 &

hakusanus seminitidus Van Lith, 9 &

koreanus koreanus Tsuneki, 9

koreanus formosensis Tsuneki, 9

hirashimai Tsuneki, &

kulingensis Van Lith, 9

simlensis sp. n., 9

orientalis Cameron, 9 &

affinis affinis Gussakovskij, 9 4

affinis grahami Van Lith, 9 &

yomasanus Van Lith, 9 &

tanoi Tsuneki, 9 &

fuscinervis (Cameron), 9 &

politiventris politiventris Rohwer, 9 &

politiventris bellus Van Lith, 9

politiventris pahangensis Van Lith, 9

dlishanus Tsuneki, 9 &

longicornis Tsuneki, 4

triangulatus Van Lith, &

Group of refractus

refractus refractus Nurse, 9

refractus meridianus Van Lith, @ &

krombeini Van Lith, 9 &

matalensis Turner, 9 @

Java

Japan

China, Tibet, Formosa

Korea

Formosa

Ryukyu Islands

S. China, ? Japan

N. India

India

Siberia, Korea, Japan

China

Burma

Formosa

India

Luzon

Mindanao

Malaya

Formosa

Java, Sumatra

N. India, S. India

S. India

Ceylon

Group of aureohirtus

aureohirtus aureohirtus Rohwer, 9 &

aureohirtus rufopetiolatus Van Lith, 3

toxopeusi Van Lith, &

melanosoma Rohwer, &

carbonarius (Smith), ¢

Luzon

Negros

Celebes

Philippines

Morotai

a Ma AS) os)

VV DP

gs) Bs) Gsi Se) SS) GS BS) oS

<P.

J. P. VAN LitH: Oriental species of the genus Psen

133

Group of ruficrus

ruficrus Van Lith, 9 4

— N.E. New Guinea, Papua

Group of bakeri

bakeri Rohwer, 9 &

sedlaceki sp. n., &

— Philippines

— N.E. New Guinea

Unclassified species, probably closely related to P. opacus

opacus opacus Van Lith, 9

opacus gressitti Tsuneki, 9

betremi Van Lith, 9 &

rufoannulatus Cameron, 9

brinchangensis Van Lith, 9

eurypygus Van Lith, 9

— Philippines

— Ryukyu Islands

— Java

— N. India

— Malaya

— N. India

Subgenus Punctipsen nov.

exaratus exaratus (Eversmann), 9 &

exaratus santoro Yasumatsu, 9 &

exaratus intermedius Tsuneki, 3

exaratus tatwanus Tsuneki, 9 &

exaratus indicus subsp. n., 3

Subgenus Mimumesa

dahlbomi pacificus Tsuneki, 2 4

atratinus longulus (Gussakovskij), 2 4

vanlithi Tsuneki, 9 &

littoralis (Bondroit), 2 4

kashmirensis Nurse, 9 &

petiolatus Smith, 9

tridentatus tridentatus Van Lith, 9

tridentatus chrysomallus Van Lith, 3

auratus mindoroensis Van Lith, 9

auratus auratus Van Lith, 9

auratus multipunctatus Van Lith, 9

auratus miltoni Van Lith, 9 &

— W. Europe, Caucasus, Siberia,

Korea, Japan

Ryukyu Islands

Formosa

S. India

Malloch

— Japan

— Ussuri region, Japan

— Japan

— Palaearctic region, including

Japan

Kashmir

Misool or Celebes

Sumatra, Malaya

Burma

Mindoro

— Java, Bali, ? Sumatra

— Negros, Luzon

— Malaya

Subgenus Mimesa Shuckard

equestris (Fabricius), ® 4

lutarius japonicus (Perez), 9 8

lutarius dispar Gussakovskij, 9 4

filippovi Gussakovskij, 9

? Subgenus Mimesa

inflatus sp. n., 9

— Palaearctic region, including

Sakhalin

— Japan

— Manchuria, Kamschatka

-—272E2 China

Shuckard

— New Guinea

Subgenus Pseneo Malloch

townesi Van Lith, 9

— Euzon

Subgenus Odontopsen Tsuneki

hanedai Tsuneki, 9 &

— Japan

134 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 4, 1968

REFERENCES

Beaumont, J. de, 1937. Les Psenini (Hym. Sphecid.) de la région paléarctique. — Mitt. Schweiz.

Ent. Ges. 17 : 33—93.

Krombein, K. V., 1949. Two new wasps from Melanesia and notes on a third recently introduced

into Hawaii (Hymenoptera : Sphecidae). — Proc. Hawaiian Ent. Soc. 13 : 364—365.

Lith, J. P. van, 1959. — Contribution to the knowledge of the Indo-Australian Pseninae (Hymen-

optera, Sphecidae). Part I. Psen Latreille. — Zool. Verh. Leiden 39 : 1—69.

, 1965. Contribution to the knowledge of the Indo-Australian Psenini. Part. III. New

species of the subgenera Psen Latreille and Mimumesa Malloch and a review of East-

Asiatic and Indo-Australian Psen Latreille, s.1. — Zool. Verh. Leiden 73 : 1—80.

Perkins, R. C. L. and L. Evelyn Cheesman, 1928. Insects of Samoa, part V, fasc. 1, Hymenoptera

pP. 1-58:

Toxopeus, L. J., 1940. Entomologische notities uit Nieuw-Guinea (16). — Ent. Meded. van Ned.

Indië 6 (3—4) : 39—43 (Mistkamp).

—, 1940. Entomologische notities uit Nieuw-Guinea (17). — Ent. Meded. van Ned. Indië

7 (1) : 13—17 (Topkamp).

Tsuneki, K., 1954. Descriptions and records of wasps of the families Chrysididae and Sphecidae

of Japan (Hymenoptera). — Mem. Fac. Lib. Arts, Fukui University (2. Nat. Sc.) 4

(5) : 37—54.

—, 1959. Contributions to the knowledge of the Cleptinae and Pseninae faunae of Japan

and Korea (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae and Sphecidae). — Mem. Fac. Lib. Arts, Fukui

Univ. (2, Nat. Sc.) 9: 1—78.

—, 1965. Quelques espèces des guêpes solitaires (Hyménoptères) récoltées en Formose par

M. T. Shirözu. — Spec. Bull. Lepidopterological Soc. Japan 1 : 167—172.

—, 1966. Contribution to the knowledge of the Pemphredoninae fauna of Formosa and the

Ryukyus (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae). — Etizenia, Occ. Publ. Biol. Lab. Fukui Univ.,

Japan 14 : 1—21.

——, 1967. Studies on the Formosan Sphecidae (III). The subfamily Pemphredoninae

(Hymenoptera). — Etizenia, Occ. Publ. Biol. Lab. Fukui Univ., Japan 24 : 1—11.

J. P. van LITH: Oriental species of the genus Psen

affinis 119

alishanus 132

amboinensis 107

angulifrons 132

aspites 100

assamensis 131

ater 100

atratinus 133

auratus 133

aureohirtus 121

auricomus 107

aurifrons 131

baduriensis 114

bakeri 124

bellus 132

betremi 133

birmanicus 131

bishopi 116

brinchangensis 133

bryani 116

carbonarius 132

cheesmanae 116

chrysomallus 133

coriaceus 111

curvipilosus 131

dahlbomi 133

dispar 133

dzimm 103

elisabethae 106

emarginatus 101

equestris 133

eurypygus 133

exaratus 125

filippovi 12%)

formosensis 132

fuscinervis 132

grahami 132

gressitti 133

INDEX

hakusanus 119

hanedai 133

heinrichi 109

hirashimai 132

* indicus 127

* inflatus 129

intermedius 133

japonicus 133

kashmirensis 133

kohli 119

koreanus 132

krombeini 121

kulingensis 119

lawuensis 132

lieftincki 131

littoralis 133

longicornis 132

longulus 133

lutarius 133

* madrasiensis 107

* marjoriae 111

matalensis 132

melanosoma 122

meridianus 121

miltoni 133

Mimesa 127

Mimumesa 133

mindoroensis 133

minor 131

multipunctatus 133

nepalensis 103

nigriventris 132

nitidus 105

novahibernicus 112

Odontopsen 133

opacus 133

orientalis 120

pacificus 133

pahangensis 132

The names of new species and of new subspecies are marked with an asterisk.

* paulus 113

petiolatus 133

pilosus 104

politiventris 132

Psen 90

Pseneo 133

Psenulus 89

O Punctipsen 125

refractus 121

regalis 110

reticulatus 120

richardsi 132

rubicundus 132

ruficrus 122

rufiventris 132

rufoannulatus 133

rufopetiolatus 132

santoro 133

* sauteri 104

sedlaceki 124

seminitidus 119

shirozui 105

simlensis 119

subtilis 114

taiwanus 126

takasago 106

tanoi 132

terrigenus 117

townesi 133

toxopeusi 122

triangulatus 132

tridentatus 133

tsunekii 105

ussuriensis 131

vadosus 114

vanlithi 133

vechti 105

yasumatsui 131

yomasanus 132

135

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Ni)

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HARVARD

A REVIEW OF THE GENUS OLIGOAESCHNA ‘SR F&SITY

IN SOUTHEAST ASIA

M. A. LIEFTINCK

Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden

Contents

Introduction sors Sag sp Ook Sk Pea ee AU ROE nae (la es he ENS

Census of material da acinowledeements RE APE AL 0 ERI ibe te eh ice Sg SS

Glassiticationmor: thes Gomphaeschninaes EN PR ies N TO

Tmmaturesistacese RE MENS er UREN ape WEN nn ote AN A augue. RS est aes 39

Fossil history . . RA A ie NCM cer a Nye ek ey ZN)

Synopsis of the genus Var Selys RE: FE eas AP NED

Group characters and general remarks on {he ronls, It ER gr ame A

Disteibutione” NE RT ye es ee ee EE EE TPR STAD

Relationship Me merk, PD Eh, Ea DER E A ME PR NT Ao,

Bionomics . . TE FEINEN ERS ee lek 1A

Keystokthegspecies ar RR DE La UE ZA

Key to females of the O. ED mou. SES LR SIMO LAN EEN EE CE TEN

Section O. pryeri (Martin) . . ISA

O. martini (Laidlaw) — & 9 E Tetto ee Ce co HT 54

OE nastan ANSE DON A SEN RASSam AREAS

ONJecor T1 1 Spec WOO 9 N34 AS Sar tee CN 58

Oper (Martin) 2422: Japan sredefined ss RE O

Opyanan Asahina — 3 9 Taiwan, types tedefined 161

Section O. poeciloptera (Karsch) . . AN TEE (5 DIRTI

O. poeciloptera (Karsch) — 2 baron! pire ecto ne iena to o is o dl

O. zambo Needhan & Gyger — & Nenz P.I, holotype redefined . . 164

O. modiglianii Selys — & Nias, holotype redefined . . . . . . . . . 166

O. platyura Lieftinck — 4 2 Borneo, redefined. 5 . u … 2 … … 166

OMSPEC int MAIN ORE Borne PH PER OT OMEN TA Saber G7:

Oféspecwmaerths=—=, PR ER Borneo ME ment a2 Heens VENEN I EENIG:

O. venusta spec. nov. — & E. Borneo. . . Es, Me REI LS

O. elacatura (Needham) — SE. Borneo, adsl è ET 168

O. foliacea spec. nov. (= modiglianii auct. nec Selys) — & 9 Bonen ? Spacek 169

O. uropetala spec. nov. — 6 9 Sumatra; ? 9 Mentawei Is.. . . . . . . 171

Opec TILE (OS LOEWE SBorneot RENE. EN RE ARE go LENA

O. petalura spec. nov. — 4 Hainan. . . 3 175

O. amata (Foerster) — 4 Borneo; and Siene (= SEE Tec E)

loptera Karsch), holotype and further material redefined . . . . . . 176

O mutaia Lieftinde — GQ Borneo, redefined ste = 5» = = 6s 178

O. sumatrana Lieftinck — & Sumatra, redefined . . . 178

O. buehri (Foerster) — 4 Borneo and Sumatra, holotype ath further Real

redefined . . . sent CEA bis lol Han ons 180

O. spec. indet. D — ® NW. Tonco. Tai ys LHL

O. venatrix (Foerster) — & Buton, holotype redefined: ind. 4 9 ‘Celebes oe IS

Réterencest ERMEE A IE MOT RIE HEIEN a AO ROME LS

137

138 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

INTRODUCTION

In this paper I have attempted to characterize anew all the species of Oligoaeschna at

present known. While preparing keys for the identification of both sexes, I found that

they could be arranged in two sections which seem to indicate more or less the natural

affinities within the genus. It was deemed necessary from the outset to consult the types

of a number of neglected or insufficiently defined species which for some reason or other

had been placed into the synonymy of earlier described taxa. I have been fortunate in the

opportunities provided for examining not only the types of a large proportion of the

species already known but also to include descriptions and illustrations of new taxa based

on a rich material accumulated since last reporting on the genus (Lieftinck, 1940). I am

nevertheless convinced that our present knowledge of Oligoaeschna is only fragmentary,

the genus being probably a large one. It is to be expected that species still to be discovered

will bridge the gap between the two sections and clear up the dark points in our under-

standing of their affinity and distribution.

There are still a few species known only from solitary females. These I have left un-

named, but in order to make this review as complete as possible and to facilitate future

recognition, I have included all of them in the key, treating them separately as “spec.

indet. A—D”.

CENSUS OF MATERIAL AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

For the present revision I have had the opportunity to study 72 specimens representing

23 recognizable species, 4 of which (all in the Leiden Museum) being left unnamed by

the absence of a male. The bulk of the available material (41 specimens representing

15 species) is deposited in the collection of the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie,

Leiden (ML). Other individuals, originally in the Selys and Martin collections, were

examined by me in the Institut royal des Sciences Naturelles at Brussels (IRSN) and the

Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle in Paris (MP).

I wish to acknowledge the assistance of the following persons who devoted time and

trouble to supply material that will, I hope, largely enhance the value of this paper. My

best thanks are due to Messrs. S. Asahina and K. Miyakawa for the gift of Japanese

examples of O. pryer and the loan of the types of O. pyanan Asahina in the former’s

collection (CSA). Dr. I. J. Cantrall, of the Michigan Museum, Ann Arbor (AAM)

allowed me to examine Foerstet’s types of O. amata, buehri and venatrix while Dr. K. K.

Günther, of the Institut für Spezielle Zoologie und Zoologisches Museum der Humboldt

Universität, Berlin (ZMB), rendered the same service with respect to the types of O.

poeciloptera (Karsch). Dott. Delfa Guiglia and Aldo Margiocco, of the Museo Civico

di Storia Naturale, Genova (MCG) kindly supplied a wing-photograph of the type of

O. modiglianii Selys; Messrs. E. Taylor, of the Hope Department of Entomology, Oxford

(OUM), and D. E. Kimmins, of the British Museum (Nat. Hist.), London (BM), gave

me access to the late F. C. Fraser collection and allowed me to incorporate in this paper

all unstudied material under their supervision. Lastly, Dr. L. L. Pechuman, of Cornell

University, Ithaca (CU), kindly arranged for the type of O. zambo Needham & Gyger

to be examined by me.

M. A. LIEFTINCK : Oligoaeschna Selys in Southeast Asia 139

CLASSIFICATION OF THE GOMPHAESCHNINAE

The earliest classifications of the Aeschnidae outlined by Karsch (1891) and later

authors were analysed and commented upon in great detail by Walker (1912 : 16—25),

who further explained the possible relationships within this family (or subfamily, as he

understood it). As to the affinity of Oligoaeschna with other genera, Karsch duly

recognized its alliance with such genera as Fonscolombia Selys (= Boyeria MacLachlan)

and Allopetalia Selys, which were therefore placed together in his “Gruppe IV. Allo-

petalia Selys”. Walker's views were adopted by Tillyard (1916 : 11), who was the first

to propose a tribal division of the subfamily Aeshninae, now given family rank. Tillyard

erected the tribe Brachytrini for two series called by him the “Boyeria Series” (with

unforked radial sector) and the “Brachytron Series” (with the vein Rs symmetrically

forked). In the first series he associated Jagoria with Allopetalia Selys, Gomphaeschna

Selys, Linaeschna Martin, and Boyeria MacLachlan. This system was followed in general

by Fraser (1940 : 375—376), except that a “Section Brachytridi” was instituted for the

reception of three new subfamilies, the Brachytrinae, Neopetalinae and Gomphaeshninae.

Disregarding the superfluous “Brachytridi”, I am of the opinion that these units can

stand, only the last two misspelt names should be corrected into Neopetaliinae and

Gomphaeschninae. Oligoaeschna finds its place in the last-mentioned subfamily along

with all other described genera possessing an unbranched radial sector: Bastaeschna and

Hoplonaeschna Karsch, which had remained in Walker’s “Aeschna Series”, now being

also included. In the revised Reclassification, Fraser (1957) finally instituted a “Division

Brachytrini”, which comprises the same subfamilies as those proposed by him earlier.

It should be mentioned, however, that whereas Oligoaeschna was correctly included in

the Gomphaeschninae, its synonym Jagoria here appears as a member of the Brachytrinae!

Leaving the question undecided whether Basiaeschna and Hoplonaeschna would not be

better removed from the Gomphaeschninae and again transferred to the Aeshninae as

the most primitive members of these, I believe for the present that Fraser’s arrangement

is the most convenient and natural one.

IMMATURE STAGES

As to the early stages of the Gomphaeschninae, reference should be made to a number

of publications dealing with the last instar larva or exuviae of these forms. Unfortunately

the only species of Oligoaeschna known also in the larval stage is O. pryer (Martin),

from Japan (see under that species), no examples of the O. poeciloptera section cor-

responding with this type having been discovered so far in Malaysia or elsewhere in the

tropics. Its most characteristic features are (1) prominent postocular lobes carrying striate

grooves; (2) very long 7-segmented antennae; (3) broad and conspicuous labrum; (4)

short and broad prementum with well-marked (though closed) median cleft, abruptly

truncated palpus and very short movable hook; and (5) small anal pyramid with very

long epiproct (Asahina, 1958).

Of the four other genera placed in the subfamily, the early stages of Allopetalia and

Linaeschna are still unknown. However, the larva of Gomphaeschna was described by

Kennedy (1936, young stages), Needham & Westfall (1955) and Walker (1958), while

of Boyeria good descriptions are to be found in the literature on Palearctic and North

American Odonata. The fullest and best illustrated accounts of Boyeria are those supplied

by Asahina (1939) on the Japanese B. maclachlani (Selys), by Erich Schmidt (1950) for

140 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

the European B. zrene (Fonsc.), and by Walker (1958) for the Nearctic species.

Of the last two genera, only Gomphaeschna seems to show some points of resemblance

with Oligoaeschna. Characters shared by both are the very broad labrum and the unusu-

ally long antennae. In Gomphaeschna the latter are, however, 6-segmented and the length

ratio of the separate segments is also different in the two. There are apparently no other

features which the two genera have in common, the corresponding parts of the labium

and anal pyramid of Gomphaeschna furcillata (Say) figured by Walker (1958, pl. 64)

being so unlike those of Oligoaeschna pryeri illustrated by Asahina (1958), that no

conclusions can be drawn from a comparison of these structures.

FOSSIL HISTORY

The geological record, summarized by Esaki & Asahina (1957), indicates that the

Gomphaeschninae are of old standing. They were flourishing in early Tertiary times,

taking shape in the Oligocene or even much earlier. Campion (1916), referring to

Needham (1907) who redescribed the type of Morbaeschna muensteri (Germar), points

out that Germar’s type originates from the lithographic slates of Bavaria. In view of the

fact that this dragonfly shows a venation comparable with that of the North American

Gomphaeschna, and assuming the wing venation to be correctly interpreted, the same

author argues that this discovery would carry the history of the Gomphaeschninae well

back into Mesozoic (Jurassic) times. Nevertheless far more advanced Aeshnidae (e.g.

Triaeschna Campion and, doubtfully, true Aeshna F.) were already present, respectively

in the Eocene of Bournemouth (Campion, 1916) and the Lower Miocene beds of Floris-

sant (Cockerell, 1913). It is evident also that the described Miocene genera with un-

branched radial sector already exhibited a great diversity in other venational characters,

so much so in fact that the qualities of these as criteria for generic distinction are difficult

to estimate. On the other hand it would seem that Cockerell (1907, 1913), while

attempting to differentiate between a number of fossil and recent Aeshnid genera, used

many characters which are of specific rather than generic value. On comparing the

venation of species representing different sections of Oligoaeschna (PI. 12 and 13), it will

be seen that interspecific variation can be considerable, even within the limits of a single

genus, several of the above characters being manifest also in various combinations in our

present-day species. It would appear, therefore, that little can be said about the inter-

relationship of these fossil genera as long as the differences are based only on impres-

sions of wing fragments.

The middle portion of a fore wing of Oligoaeschna from the Upper Pliocene in Japan

was provisionally referred by Esaki & Asahina (1957) to the recent Japanese species

O. pryeri (Martin); it may be pointed out, however, that this cannot be true since the

photograph of this fragment clearly shows two cell-rows M4-Mspl, whereas O. pryeri

has only one.

SYNOPSIS OF THE GENUS Oligoaeschna SELYS

Oligoaeschna Selys

Oligoaeschna Selys, 1889 (14.VIII-4.IX): 470—471, fig. (diagn.); type-species: O. modiglianii

Selys, 1889 (monobasic). — Kirby, 1890: 86 (monobasic). — Cockerell, 1913: 579 (key). —

Cowley, 1934: 245 (nomenclature). — Needham & Gyger, 1937: 39 (key), 40.

Jagoria Karsch, 1889 (1.VIII): 238 (key), 238—239 (diagn.); type-species: J. poeciloptera Karsch,

M. A. LIEFTINCK : Oligoaeschna Selys in Southeast Asia 141

1889 (monobasic); Karsch, 1891: 277, 284, 289 (key). — Kirby, 1890: 91 (monobasic). —

Martin, 1908: 6 (key), 1909: 130 (diagn.); Martin, 1911: 7 (key), 17—18 (diagn.). —

Laidlaw, 1923: 5—6, 8 (key). — Cowley, 1934: 245 (nom. preocc.). — Fraser, 1936: 55 (key),

57—58 (diagn.); Fraser, 1957: 98 (in subfam. Brachytrinae).

Dolaeschna Needham, 1907: 142—143 (diagn.); type-species: D. elacatura Needham, 1907 (mono-

basic).

Oligoaeshna Fraser in Tillyard & Fraser, 1940: 376; Fraser, 1957: 97 (in subfam. Gomphaeshninae).

Type-species: Oligoaeschna modiglianii Selys.

As pointed out by Cowley (1934), the generic name Jagoria Karsch must be substituted

by Oligoaeschna Selys, because the former is preoccupied by Jagoria Strahl, 1862, in

Crustacea. The emended spelling used by Fraser is invalid and this applies to all other

derivatives of the name Aeshna except, of course, to the superspecific taxa.

The fullest characterizations of the genus are those given by Karsch (1889, 1891) and

Needham (1907, sub Dolaeschna) and need not be repeated here. All necessary

amplifications can be derived from the present account in which new and already

described species are characterized and figured.

GROUP CHARACTERS AND GENERAL REMARKS ON THE MORPHOLOGY

As will appear from the following keys and illustrations, the genus can be conveniently

divided into two fairly well defined sections.

The first section comprises five brightly coloured species exhibiting a heliochromatic

colour pattern which have, moreover, probably all of them diurnal habits. The members

of this group are spread discontinuously over a large part of north-temperate Asia, three

being known from the eastern Himalayas (Sikkim and Assam), while two others occur

much farther to the east, one in the islands of the Japanese empire and a near ally in the

high mountains of Taiwan. It will be seen that two continental species are still insuf-

ficiently known, and although no single Ol/goaeschna has yet been found in the inter-

vening region, it seems beyond doubt that all are closely interrelated. The best known

member of this first category is the Japanese O. pryeri (Martin).

The species of the second section are more numerous and much better known. They

are less contrastingly coloured, resembling the Gynacanthinae not only in their sombre,

hylo- or aphantochromatic colour design but also in habits, all being strictly crepuscular.

They are forest-haunting dragonflies having a more southerly, tropical distribution. One

is found in Hainan while the remainder occur in the Malay Peninsula, the Great Sunda

islands, the Philippines and Celebes. Representatives of this second species-group are

O. poeciloptera (Karsch) — the type-species of Jagoria Karsch — and O. modiglianu

Selys — the type-species of Olzgoaeschna Selys.

Each of these two sections can be further divided in two groups based on the venation,

one comprising species with only a single cell-row M4-Mspl, and a second which posses-

ses two rows, at least so in the hind wing. It will be seen that, although this feature does

not necessarily reflect relationship, it has proved to be quite constant, so that it can be

safely relied upon as a means of specific differentiation. Remarkably enough, duplication

of cells in this space is not always correlated with an increase of cells in other spaces or

areas of the wing.

Special attention should be drawn to the female cerci, whose form differs widely in the

two sections of Oligoaeschna. While being short and inconspicuous in the O. pryeri

group, they have attained great length in all members of the O. poeciloptera assemblage,

142 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

resembling slenderly stalked paddles. The significance of these filamentous processes is

not clear. During the maturation period they may serve the purpose of sex recognition

when mixed populations are engaged in feeding flights or later, as the sexes meet at the

breeding site; but there can be no doubt that they become functionless soon after

copulation is accomplished. It is well known among taxonomists that the appendages are

very rarely found intact in matured females. They become damaged and lost either during

copulation, when they are presumably nibbled off by the male, or in oviposition, when

the cerci apparently get in the way and are soon fractured off.

Apart from the more striking key characters, the form of the auricles at the 2nd ab-

dominal segment of the male also separates the two sections. These organs are briefly

stated in the key to be either “rounded” or ‘“angular”, expressions which need explana-

tion. In all species so far known of the O. pryerz group, the hinder angles of the auricles

are evenly rounded and the posterior margin is furnished with numerous conical black

tubercles which are crowded together and directed inward. In the members of the O.

poeciloptera group, on the other hand, the auricles are rather more triangular with

prominent postero-distal angle, the hind margin being armed with fewer (12—20) and

less closely set but sharply acute, incurved spinules.

Lastly, there is some evidence that the two sections differ in the length of the legs, the

femora in the O. poeciloptera group being relatively shorter than they are in O. pryert

and allies. With a better knowledge of the last-mentioned species group it may ultimately

prove possible and more convenient to split up Oligoaeschna in two subgenera, when

characters are amplified from other organs. The two sections are admittedly very dif-

ferent.

DISTRIBUTION

As will be seen from the table, the two categories also differ in the extension of their

range, the diurnal species having a more northern distribution than the majority inhabiting

tropical countries. Though several species of the last group are probably more widely

distributed than here recorded for them, the accumulation and great diversity of forms

in the little explored island of Borneo is decidedly striking. On the other hand, the

absence of any member in Java, doubtless the most thoroughly investigated island of the

entire archipelago, seems equally remarkable. The most probable explanation for these

phenomena is that all species are limited in their distribution by the nature of their

habitat, the presence of suitable breeding places being essential for their development.

These do not exist any more in over-cultivated Java, whereas the immense plains of

Borneo, with their numerous river systems, forest-marshes and bogs on peaty soil, very

likely provide excellent conditions for adult and larval life. Similar habitats are still

present also in many parts of West Sumatra and to a less extent in the Malay Peninsula

— not to mention Indochina — so that there too we may expect many more species to

turn up sooner or later.

RELATIONSHIP

Oligoaeschna seems to have as its closest relative the peculiar Linaeschna polli Martin

(1909), a very rare archaic-looking dragonfly endemic in Borneo. Though admittedly

belonging to the same primitive group of recent Aeshnidae, Linaeschna shows many

specializations of its own. Judging from the venation, it is far more advanced than any

M. A. LIEFTINCK : Oligoaeschna Selys in Southeast Asia 143

Section

O. pryeri (Martin) O. poeciloptera (Karsch)

| Section

Oligoaeschna

species

Sikkim

Ryukyu Is.

Sumatra

Nias

Mentawei

Borneo

Luzon, P.I.

Mindanao, P.I.

Celebes

Taiwan

Japan

Hainan

Malaya

Buton

Assam

martini

khasiana

decorata

byanan ak

pryert + | +

petalura ae

uropetala Sr 2

foliacea

elacatura

venusta

modiglianii de

platyura

spec. indet. À

spec. indet. B

amata ar

+ +

++4+++t+ +++

mutata

sumatrana +

buehri a

spec. indet. C

spec. indet. D

poeciloptera al

zambo

+++

venatrix a

UNE

Total ba 2 TR Bee era Qi dc NOI

member of the O. poeciloptera branch of Oligoaeschna in southeast Asia.

Structurally the two genera have many features in common but Linaeschna has a much

denser venation while the protective aphantochromatic colour design has reached the

highest degree of perfection in this form. The type, a male in the Leiden Museum

portrayed by Martin (1909), is unique and the female is unknown. Another, more

remotely allied genus is Gomphaeschna Selys, with two diurnal species in North America.

These are smaller-sized dragonflies with reduced venation, superficially resembling O.

pryeri and allies, but Gomphaeschna differs from these in a number of important charac-

ters. For full particulars, see Walker (1958).

BIONOMICS

For notes on the life-history of the diurnal species of the genus see under O. pryerz

(Martin). Owing to their retiring habits little can be said about the bionomics of the

tropical members of Oligoaeschna. Most individuals in our collection from Sumatra and

Borneo were beaten up during the day from their resting places in deep jungle. Others,

144 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

evidently attracted to artificial light during the evening, were collected in houses and

verandahs. As far as I know all species are crepuscular or even nocturnal and the dull

colours are in keeping with these habits. They do not appear on the wing until dusk and

during the maturation period assemble in forest clearings towards sunset, hawking for

food and mixing up with other crespuscular aeshnids. In July, 1953, while on a col-

lecting trip in the lowlands of southern Borneo, I witnessed feeding flights of Oligo-

aeschna near Pemantan, in the Sampit district. On two evenings about half an hour before

sundown swarms of immature aeshnids, mostly Heliaeschna and Gynacantha suddenly

came out of the forest near the river bank and assembled in small flocks above bushes

and isolated treelets. They indulged in swift erratic flights chasing mosquitoes. Some

large-sized Heliaeschna wete recognized by the dark brown patches on their wings while

one or two females of Oligoaeschna could be told apart by their small size and exceed-

ingly long spatulate appendages silhouetted against the evening sky. Unfortunately, on

both occasions the dragonflies were flying too high to come within reach of my net, so

that none could be captured. There is much evidence that these insects had emerged only

few days before the above observations were made; and also, that their breeding places

were the small bog pools which occurred plentifully in the peat-bottomed marshes of the

nearby forest.

KEY TO THE SPECIES

(The males of O. decorata, elacatura, modiglianii and poeciloptera are entirely or partly unknown;

the females of five other species are likewise unknown; see separate key).

1. Frons with thick black T-spot superiorly, the stem short and attached to a preocular

band, the head very heavy and often connected laterally with the basal band so as to

enclose (or almost so) a pair of wide transverse green dorsal spots, one on each side

of the T-stem. Frons of head wider and less protuberant, eyes smaller: diameter of

head across eyes less than twice the width of frons; interorbital suture little or no

longer than occipital triangle (Fig. 2). Posterior femur relatively long, little shorter

than synthorax (10 : 11.4). Auricles rounded. Body pattern heliochromatic: ground

colour warm brown to deep black marked conspicuously with yellow, green and/or

blue. Male superior appendages not greatly expanded or leaf-like, about 3 mm long,

inner (mesal) face of each with wide crescent-shaped antemedian emargination.

(Male of O. decorata unknown). Female appendages (cerci) short, subequal in

length to 10th abdominal segment. Venation less dense; cross-veins in supratriangle

(ht) nearly always wanting. One row of cells Rs-Rsp/ on all wings. Group of O.

pryeri (Martin) . . 4 Si

— Frons dark greenish to taken Brow damal Hath and alor ee allen partly

or wholly obscured but not forming a well-marked black T-spot above. Front of head

narrower and more protuberant, eyes larger: diameter of head across eyes usually

more than twice the width of frons; interorbital suture distinctly longer than occipital

triangle (Fig. 4). Posterior femur markedly shorter than synthorax (10 : 12—13).

Auricles angular. Body pattern hylo- or aphantochromatic: ground colour various

shades of brown, markings yellow-brown to olive-green, less vivid and frequently

obsolete or obscured (especially on abdomen) but lateral thoracic bands often

conspicuous. Male appendages variable, frequently expanded and leaf-like. Female

appendages (cerci) considerably longer than segment 9 + 10, slenderly stalked and

M. A. LIEFTINCK : Oligoaeschna Selys in Southeast Asia 145

often greatly expanded apically. Venation generally closer; one or more cross-veins

in supratriangle (ht) nearly always present. One (rarely two) rows of cells Rs-Rsp/

on all wings. Group of O. poeciloptera (Karsch) . . . . ET SRG

. Labrum, whole clypeus, and a stripe bordering the frons anterior, pale-coloured.

Pterostigma shorter, 2.0—2.2 mm. . 0000 3

Labrum and anteclypeus deep black, vaas bit sec ot ono ni

with black anteriorly; frons in front of the crest deep black except a yellow band

along clypeal suture. Anal angle of male hind wing well pronounced, subrectangular.

Pterostigma larger, 2.9—3.7 mm. Basal abdominal segments of either sex considerably

inflated in both dimensions, almost as broad as the thorax; abdomen, after a well-

marked subbasal constriction of 3, rather strongly ( 4 ) or slightly (9) expanded

as far as the end of 5, then decreasing in width posteriorly, constricted at 8—9 and

finally again a little broadened and parallel-sided as far as the end of 10. All

coloured bands and spots sharply marked off from the dark ground colour; additional

AD and MD present on dorsum of segm. 2. Anal area of © hind wing with only

3 cells bordering cubital space proximal to anal loop . sta . 5

. Two rows of cells M,-Mspl in both pairs of wings. — Male (description A:

Navas). Superior appendages long and slender, rod-like, unarmed; in dorsal view

at first slightly outbent, then gently incurved, each subparallel-sided in proximal

two-thirds, then gradually expanded with obtusely pointed tips; in profile similar but

almost straight and somewhat broadened beyond middle, apex obtuse. Inferior ap-

pendage 25 length of superior pair, about twice longer than broad and only little

narrowed towards apex, which is bilobed (Fig. 1, after Navas). Anal angle of hind

wing well pronounced, rectangulate, inner border slightly incurved beyond triangle

(Fig. 1, id.). Pterostigma black. Membranula brown with fine pale line bordering

the nervures. Thorax black with broad green dorsal bands interrupted above so as

to form thick exclamation marks; sides with broad meso- and metepimeral green

bands, the former rounded above, the latter irregular and widest ventrally. Legs

wholly black. Basal abdominal segments strongly inflated dorsoventrally, 3 sharply

constricted, thereafter segments gradually narrowed towards apex. Colour including

appendages black, pale markings reduced: auricles orange-yellow basally; tergites with

paired subtriangular (blue?) PD and smaller MD. — Female (description after

Laidlaw). Abdomen constricted sharply at segm. 3, widened again from 4 to 6, the

remainder narrow; dorsum of 2—6 each with paired semilunar apical spots, very

small on 6, and 2—4 each with pair of small transverse medio-dorsal spots, 2 more-

over with minute basal triangle of green (AD). Anal appendages small, about 2 mm

long. Dentigerous plate almost squarely truncate posteriorly, with about 15 irregularly

placed ventro-apical teeth. High mountain ci of E. Himalaya (Darjeeling

districh)e 4.4. ARE e martini

Only a single row & rele M 4 i in both pee af <a Venta M A

. Male only. Labrum orangish, clypeus (and frons anteriorly) green; arms of T-spot

on dorsal surface of frons not curving back to eye-margin, hence transverse green

spots not quite isolated. Synthorax dark reddish-brown with complete broad, green

antehumeral bands curving a little outward in front of the antealar triangles. No trace

of juxtahumeral pale spot but dorsal triangular metepisternal green spot present in

addition to the two lateral bands. Anal angle of hind wing poorly indicated, obtuse-

angulate (Fig. 3); pterostigma black; membranula dark grey, lighter along anal vein.

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

Abdominal segments 1—2 inflated, but less so than in O. pryeri and pyanan,

measuring 3.6 and 3.9 mm, respectively, across apex of 1 and auricles of 2; segm. 3

very slightly constricted (2.4 mm), abdomen from there on increasing in breadth to

2.9 mm as far as end of 4, then decreasing gradually to end of 8 (width 1.3 mm)

and finally again slightly broadened; segm. 10 parallel-sided. Only segm. 3—7 with

well developed middorsal carina. Markings very similar in arrangement to those of

O. pryeri and pyanan though smaller and paired green PD of 2—7 more closely

approximated, separated from each other only by the black dorsal carina. Distal half

of superior appendages narrower and straighter than in either pryeri and pyanan but,

like these, with proximal half distinctly emarginate between two angular projections.

Inferior appendage about half length of superior pair, apical branches slightly

diverging and separated by a triangular TR (Fig. 2). Female unknown.

Hab.: Mountains of N. Assam. . . . + khasiana

Female only (PI. 12). Head markings as in 0. PA but BE God marks less

heavy and ground colour of frons pale chrome instead of green. Synthorax lighter

brown, antehumeral bands reduced to tiny blue-green streaks, incomplete and tapering

upwards, where they are well separated from a transverse oval spot placed in front

of the ante-alar triangles; lateral thoracic bands broad and parallel-sided, bright

chrome; no traces of intermediate pale spots. Basal half of fore and hind wings palely

and diffusely saffronated, anal area subhyaline; pterostigma black, a little longer

than in O. khasiana; membranula light grey. Abdomen not unusually inflated basally,

succeeding segments cylindrical and 3—10 with well developed middorsal carina.

Colour light brown growing darker posteriorly, apical segments almost black; 1—7

conspicuously marked with chrome: 1—2, in addition to very broad uninterrupted

lateral bands, with complete middorsal longitudinal stripes, the one on 2 twice

constricted; 3—6 each with paired triangular MD and much larger, still more closely

approximated subrectangular PD, the former decreasing in size posteriorly (vestigial

on 6), the latter also present on 7 and of equal size on all segments, each finely split

into two by a dark line at the dorsal crest. On 3—5 PD send off unpaired sagittate

forward prolongations nearly touching MD and widest on 3, while 3—8 carry in ad-

dition narrow middorsal stripes (AD), successively shorter from before backwards

but on 3—5 extending from base as far as the transverse carina. Sides of segm.

3—9 with distinct AC, ML and PL, all fused together and band-like on 3, subinter-

rupted and undulated on succeeding segments, PL being absent only on 6 and 7.

Dorsum of 9—10, appendages and styli black; valves brown. Epiproct tongue-shaped,

apparently fused together with paraproct and directed straight backward; anal ap-

pendages (cerci) only little longer (1.5 mm), straight and lanceolate, slightly swol-

len basally, then flattened and a Pe oe ce Male unknown. Hab.: Moun-

tains of N. Assam . . . + decorata

. Only a single row of cells My Mspl on all les or at most 14 irregularly divided

cells in hind wing. Membranula almost white. Male superior appendages in dorsal

view slightly incurved, markedly expanded in distal half, forming spatulate blades

with blunt tips; dorsal margin in profile perfectly straight; inner face of antemedian

portion with wide crescent-shaped emargination preceded by a strong ventral tooth.

Inferior appendage only little longer than its width at base, apex broadly emarginate.

Body markings conspicuous, at least traces of a juxta-humeral inferior spot and an

irregular pale metepisternal stripe in addition to the broad lateral thoracic bands.

M. A. LIEFTINCK : Oligoaeschna Selys in Southeast Asia 147

Paired PD spots on abdominal segments 2—7 triangular, the black space separating

them shaped like an inverted nee Hab.: Japanese islands and northernmost

Ryukyus . . . St à pryeri

Two rows of cells na Mspl on all Ling at dak ei Male superior

appendages in dorsal view more nearly forcipate, narrower and more aslant, about

five times longer than broad and with acute tips; dorsal margin in profile distinctly

convex; inner face of antemedian portion with well pronounced crescent-shaped

emargination preceded by a small tooth-like ventral projection. Inferior appendage

relatively broad, about % length of superior pair, terminating in a pair of widely

divaricate branches (Fig. 3). Body markings similar to O. pryer: but smaller, no

juxtahumeral pale spot and traces only of lateral metepisternal pale stripe. Paired PD

spots present only on abdominal segments 2—6, placed transversely and nearly

meeting at the middorsal carina; 7—10 wholly black. Hab.: Taiwan . . pyanan

. Fore and hind wings with blackish-brown anterobasal spot extending almost to level

of arculus (Ax,-Ax,); bases posterior to Cz + A hyaline. Two rows of cells

Rs-Rspl in fore wing, two cell-rows My-Msp! on all wings and three cells between

M,-Rs where these veins are most widely separated. Cu, and Cz, in hind wing

distinctly anteriorly convex. Anal angle of hind wing sharply pronounced, acute-

angulate, inner border beyond triangle slightly emarginate. Pterostigma clear ochre-

ous (PI. 13). Legs blackish brown. Basal abdominal segments moderately inflated,

intermediate segments, after distinct subbasal constriction of 3, gradually expanded,

widest (3.6 mm) and parallel-sided across 4—5, then again a little narrowed as far

as apex of 8. Extreme base of 4—7 with tiny constriction, the lateral tergal mar-

gins being abruptly incurved and the ventral carinae sinuate; 9 and 10 subparallel-

sided, 9 about 14 longer than 10; length-breadth ratio of segm. 9 as 10 : 7.4 approx.,

the same of segm. 10 as 9 : 10. Segment 10 not inflated, surface but slightly convex,

transversely striate, disk covered with numerous erect, backwardly directed denticles.

Superior appendages 5.0 mm long, inner and outer margins of disk lying in a plane

oblique to dorsal line of vision (Fig. 6). Female unknown. Hab.: Borneo. venusta

Wing bases at most diffusely yellow, lacking opaque dark spots. Invariably a single

row of cells Rs-Rsp/ on all wings and only two cells between My-Rs where these

veins are most widely ee Abdominal i ayo 4—9 not unusually constricted

abwextreme) ibases iain: 7

. Two rows of cells M,- Mspl on Ail! wings. Male Ste “appendages flat Aad

spatulate, placed horizontally, less than four times as long as their maximum width;

inferior appendage only little shorter than superior pair, with converging sides, apex

narrow and slightly notched. Thorax brown marked with dark olive-green dorsal

bands, incomplete above, and a pair of transverse spots of same colour in front of the

ante-alar triangles; sides with broad meso- and metepimeral coloured bands. Legs

black, femora for the greater part reddish brown. Pterostigma dark ochreous. Abdo-

men spindle-shaped, basal segments moderately inflated, 3 markedly constricted,

succeeding segments gradually expanded, widest (3.3 mm) at middle or apex of 5,

then narrowed as far as apex of 8 and finally again slightly expanded to end of 9;

segm. 9 about 1/, longer than 10, which is subquadrangular and parallel-sided; 10

rather inflated, distinctly convex dorsally, distal half longitudinally sulcate and disk

finely denticulate. (Male terminalia of O. modiglianii and poeciloptera (PI. 12)

unknown). Lowland species of the Malay Archipelago. . . . . . . . 8

148

10.

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

Only a single row of cells M,-Msp/ on all pui or at most 1—2 Wu divided

cellstinwhindiwingaionly ae 9

Anal angle of male hind wing Hes, inner Borde Ten concave beyond anal

triangle (Fig. 5). Abdominal segments 3—7 with well developed denticulate mid-

dorsal crest, carina of 8 replaced by a longitudinal area of denticles upon distal half

of tergite. Disk of 10th segment covered with numerous closely set denticles. Superior

appendages gradually broadened towards apex; sides of inferior appendage straight

(Fig. 5). Female resembling the male but abdomen more strongly spindle-shaped,

widest across 4—5, attaining more than twice the width of the constriction at 3.

Wing membrane light yellow except along posterior margin in anal and postnodal

areas. Cerci incomplete; pres Po with 18—20 teeth (Fig. 7). Hab.: Borneo

platyura

Anal ame a male ind ine abies, inner order bond anal nd straight

(Fig. 5). Abdominal segments 3—8 with well developed median crest, denticles

obliterated. Disk of 10th segment covered with fewer and more widely spaced

denticles. Superior appendages more or less stalked and more abruptly expanded

apically; inferior appendage more slender, its sides slightly concave (Fig. 5). Female

unknown. Hab.: Philippine Is. (Mindanao) . . . . +. + zambo

. Male superior appendages slender, about 4.5 mm long, ion Te proximal half in

dorsal view converging and downcurved, then rather abruptly angulate, a little out-

curved and directed caudad, apex broadly rounded; inferior appendage about half

length of superior pair, apex triangularly excised (Fig. 11). Anal angle of hind wing

sharply pronounced, acute-angulate and somewhat produced inward but inner border

beyond triangle straight. Membrane flavescent; pterostigma light ochreous. Body dark

brown, summit and whole anterior face of frons blackish brown, upper surface with

indistinct transverse greenish-brown stripe and a pair of lighter green streaks, one on

each side. Thorax and basal abdominal segments 1—2 spotted and banded with green

and yellow; small transverse paired green PD only on 3—7 (or 3—8), MD unap-

parent, these tergites laterally marked lengthwise with ochreous spots. Legs blackish

brown, femora chestnut, except towards apices. Abdomen with basal segments

moderately inflated, intermediate segments, after distinct subbasal constriction of 3,

gradually expanded, widest across 5—6 (3 mm), thereafter segments again slightly

decreasing in width; middorsal carina of 7—10 poorly indicated or wanting; segm.

10 only about half as long as 9, dorsal surface raised, denticles on summit of disk not

very numerous, apical one-fourth depressed on either side close to posterior border.

Female similar to male; wings deeply stained with brownish yellow, this colour in

fore wing palest and ill-defined, extending outwards to proximal side of triangle

and in subcostal space to nodus, in hind wing covering whole surface as far out as

nodus and contrastingly outlined right across wing; cerci almost 11 mm long, slen-

derly stalked with spatulate tip (Fig. 11). Hab.: Buton I. and Celebes. . venatrix

Male superior appendages shaped differently and remaining characters combined not

as above. Synthorax with pair of oblique, elongate, dark green dorsal bands, in-

complete on either end, and a pair of transverse oval spots placed in front of ante-

alar triangles. Abdomen 2—7 with paired transverse green MD streaks and some-

what wer transverse or crescent-shaped PD spots Cs of O. elacatura unknown)

- = PLO

Male este paratia He ad Stanly orli inp er er of expanded por-

Wits

M. A. LIEFTINCK : Oligoaeschna Selys in Southeast Asia 149

tions hanging well below level of outer edges in natural position; basal inferior tooth

wanting. Both sexes with abdomen at least slightly spindle-shaped; basal segments

moderately inflated and 3 markedly constricted subbasally, greatest width at base of

5; middorsal carina of 8—9 replaced by a series of warts, variable in number; male

segm. 9 at least 11/, times longer than 10, the latter broader than long, not markedly

swollen or arched dorsally, its disk coated with rasp-like denticles. Anal angle of

male hind wing cn. Cerci of female long and stalked, strongly

expanded apically OPEN E ee er clit

Male superior appendages more Bel kost in maal Ben inner and

outer edges of expanded portions lying in approximately the same plane; if placed

obliquely, then the appendages are not downcurved; basal inferior tooth present or

absent. Abdominal segment 10 usually heavier and Serer convex dorsally

(MAIES) mata u: ee UE 12

Male superior nende lichte ess an ons dns as os as Het maximum

width, swollen longitudinal ridge scarcely sinuate; outer margin of each in profile

strongly arched and inner sa) border of distally expanded shelf distinctly

angulate. Inferior appendage broader, its sides rather convex but apical branches out-

curved (Fig. 6). Body including legs not very dark, light to dark reddish brown,

femora obscured distally. Lateral thoracic meso- and metepimeral bands yellowish to

dark green, equal in width or broader than the dark interspace but not sharply out-

lined. Abdomen more expanded at segm. 4—5, an width at base of 5 up to 3.2

mms lab::, Borneo? Mr. . . + |. foliacea

Male superior appendages in dora view more dan four times as long as their

maximum width, swollen longitudinal ridge sinuate and apex not so bise outer

margin of each in profile only slightly convex and inner (mesal) border of distal

shelf not angular. Inferior appendage narrower and parallel-sided, apical branches

not outcurved (Fig. 6). Body darker, blackish brown; legs almost black. Lateral

thoracic bands bright yellow, narrower than the dark interspace and well defined, the

mesepimeral band rather tapered and abbreviated above, not quite reaching dorsal

margin. Abdominal segments less expanded, greatest width across 5 about 2.5 mm.

Hab.: Sumatra and ? Mentawei Is... . . . SIAE uropetala

Superior appendages enormously expanded, only two times as one, as their maximum

width and lacking prominent inferior basal tubercle; apex broadly rounded; inferior

appendage elongate-triangular, about four-fifths length of superior pair, apex slightly

notched (Fig. 8). Body blackish brown with dark green markings; face mainly dark

brown, frons dorsally with pair of widely distant transverse streaks behind anterior

crest but no definite T-spot present. Legs black. Wings relatively narrow; anal angle

of hind wing acute-angulate and slightly produced inward; inner border beyond

triangle gently concave (Fig. 8); pterostigma black; membranula narrow and very

small, grey. Abdomen long and slender, middorsal carina of segm. 8—9 replaced by

narrow zone of minute warts; basal segments moderately inflated, width across

auricles 5.0 mm, segm. 3 rather constricted (1.2 mm), then gradually expanded but

intermediate segments almost parallel-sided, 8—9 again slightly widened (2.8 mm);

10 more than one-half length of 9, protuberant and sharply longitudinally carinate

ventrally, outline in dorsal aspect subquadrangular, upper surface strongly arched

and covered with numerous rasp-like denticles (Fig. 8). Dark green abdominal spots

small, except on 2 which has a series of coalescent AD, MD and AML spots as well

150

13.

14.

165%

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

as isolated PL and PD; 3—6 with small transverse PD AR 7—10 and appendages

black. Female unknown. Hab.: Hainan I. . . . . . +. petalura

Superior appendages three or more times as long as tee maximum width. Size

generally, smaller ar. mr sr

Superior appendages in Heal view at fi alien muti cai but soon curving gently

inward with the tips meeting, each with proximal third almost parallel-sided, then

more or less flattened and insensibly expanded towards apex, which is truncated or

bluntly rounded; in profile with prominent basal inferior tooth, the interior sub-

apical edge curled ventrad and angularly projecting; whole inner margin with long

hair fringe, the inner shelf and midrib moreover densely clothed with erect hairs

which become increasingly longer towards apex (Fig. 10). Distance between apex

of anal triangle and anal angle of hind wing (free inner margin) longer than one-

half length of distal side of anal triangle (6.6 : 10). Abdomen not markedly spindle-

shaped, dorsal surface of 8—9 with longitudinal area of denticles replacing mid-

dorsal carina; 10 strongly arched, distal two-thirds finely transversely striate and disk

covered with minute denticles. Base and sides of frons obscurely greenish-brown not

forming definite spots. Legs chestnut, the knees, apices of tibiae and tarsal segments

obscured. Female, see key on p. 154. Hab.: Borneo; Sumatra. . . . buehri

Superior appendages shaped differently, apical portion of each devoid of long hairs.

Legs mainly chestnut. Distance between apex of anal triangle and anal angle of hind

wing shorter than one-half length of distal side of anal triangle (at most 4.3 : 10)

Male sea Rennes done are Drome Bates blades which are

directed straight back, the midrib a little outcurved; subbasal inferior tooth small,

obtuse and directed ventrad, followed at some distance by two or three denticles

pointing inward. Inferior appendage comparatively broad (Fig. 10). Anal angle of

hind wing a little produced inward. Dorsal surface of frons dark brown with a pair

of widely distant transverse, dorso-lateral green spots. Abdomen not spindle-shaped,

terminal segments not expanded; middorsal carina of 9 replaced by an irregular area

of minute denticles; this segment almost twice as long as 10, which is about one-

fourth broader than long, its surface dull, finely transversely striate, the disk more

strongly denticulate (Fig. 10). Female unknown. Hab.: Sumatra . . sumatrana

Superior appendages placed horizontally, inner border of each straight or even a

little concave but outer border convex. Anal angle of hind wing acute though not

produced. Abdomen slightly but distinctly spindle-shaped, a little constricted between

6 and 9, segm. 9 without any indication of a middorsal carina and also lacking a row

of denticles; 10 relatively larger, either squarish or longer than broad. . . . 15

Greatest width of superior appendage situated about half-way its length; inferior

appendage shorter, with its sides slightly concave and apex distinctly divaricate

(Fig. 9). Abdominal segment 10 greatly swollen, much longer than broad, its surface

smooth and shiny with few very minute denticles upon distal half of tergite. Base of

frons brown lacking transverse dorso-lateral green ui Female, not definitely

known. Hab.: Borneo; Malaya (Singapore) . . am ata

Greatest width of superior appendage situated beyond al -way its eden from base;

inferior appendage longer and straighter, with its apex narrowly bifid (Fig. 6).

Abdominal segment 10 less inflated, squarish in dorsal view, its surface dull, finely

transversely striate, denticles covering central area of tergite stronger and more

M. A. LIEFTINCK : Oligoaeschna Selys in Southeast Asia 151

numerous. Dorsal surface of frons reddish brown with a pair of widely distant,

transverse, dorso-lateral green spots similar to those of O. sumatrana. Female closely

similar tor male,ssee key on p. 1524 baba Es Bormeo M ee mutata

KEY TO THE FEMALES OF THE O. poeciloptera GROUP

(The females of O. amata, petalura, sumatrana, venusta and zambo are still unknown)

1. Fore and hind wings with two rows of cells NE Upper surface of frons with-

out transverse dorso-lateral green spots. . . 2

— Only a single row of cells M,-Mspl on all wings. il gak DA Binde wing Sio

2 cells between apex of triangle and middle fork. . . . att AE 6

2. Abdomen strongly spindle-shaped, 5 at least three times as Broad as 3 at its

constriction; ventral portions of tergites 4—6 broad, width across 5 about one-seventh

of its length, the ventral carinae of these tergites undulated. Neuration open; only

2 cells between apex of triangle and middle fork in discoidal field of hind wing;

anal area of hind wing with only 3 cells bordering cubital space proximal to anal

loop and only 2 cells between anal loop and posterior border of wing. Discoidal

triangle of hind wing longer than in O. modiglianii: proximal side much less than

one-half length of costal side. Wing membrane uniformly tinged with brownish yel-

low except a hyaline marginal area at apex of hind wing. Apical abdominal tergites

feebly and minutely denticulate. Abdomen 40.5—42.0, hind wing 38.0—41.4, pt.

fore wing 2.7—3.1 mm. Hab.: Borneo. . . PAR platyura

— Abdomen not spindle-shaped, segments His aos ntl a stad width throughout;

ventral portions of tergites 4—6 narrower, width across 5 one-tenth or less of its

length, the ventral carinae not markedly undulated . . . . . rar.

3. Wing colour and neuration much as described for O. platyura but anal arca of

hind wing still broader and more densely veined; anal area with 4 cells bordering

cubital space proximal to anal loop and with 2—3 cells between loop and posterior

border of wing; 4 sectors in area posterior to C4», all of them longer and straighter

than in O. platyura. Discoidal triangle of hind wing broader: proximal side about

half as long as costal side. Apical abdominal tergites as described for O. platyura.

Dentigerous plate as in Fig. 7. Abdomen 42.7 (approx.), hind wing 42.0, pt. fore

wing 2.9 mm. Only a single spirit specimen known. Hab.: Nias I. . modiglianii

— Combined characters not as above. . . A

4. Wings broad and densely reticulated: 3 Coll -[OWS Te a 106 triangle and

middle fork in discoidal field of hind wing, anal area of hind wing with 5—6

cells bordering cubital space proximal to anal loop. Area posterior to Cz, in hind

wing broad, with maximum of 6 cells between Cz, and hind margin; course of sec-

tors in this area straighter, meeting the wing margin almost at a right angle.

Discoidal triangle of hind wing relatively long, proximal side about half as long as

costal side. Membrane clear hyaline but bases deeply stained with golden yellow, in

fore wing to a little beyond apex of triangle and in subcostal space to the nodus, in

hind wing as far out as the nodus and abruptly leaving off right across wing. Dorsum

of apical abdominal segments feebly denticulate. Cerci broken off; dentigerous plate

as in Fig. 7. Abdomen 44.0, hind wing 41.5, De fore wing 2.3 mm. Hab.: E. Borneo

> dona the Wh ARS SINO Mt spec. indet. B

152 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

— Wings much narrower and less densely reticulated: only 2 cells between apex of

triangle and middle fork in discoidal field of hind wing and anal area of hind wing

with 3—4 cells only bordering cubital space proximal to anal loop; area posterior to

Cus in hind wing narrower, branches of Cz, aslant, taking a more longitudinal

course towards wing margin and meeting the border at a more acute angle. Wing

membrane more or less tinged or banded with brown but not contrastingly saf-

Eronated a. Der Er RTD)

5. Wings relatively long and narrow, sl male di Bad wing not i curvature

of posterior margin evenly convex; anal area of hind wing with 4 cells bordering

cubital space proximal to anal loop, the latter exceptionally long, 5- instead of nor-

mally 3-celled; discoidal triangle of hind wing elongate, proximal side much less

than one-half length of costal side. Wings with short, diffuse, yellowish brown basal

rays, dirty yellow disk, ill-defined dark brown apical patches, and subhyaline apices

(PI. 12). Dorsum of abdominal tergites 9 and 10 as well as a narrow zone on either

side of middorsal carina of preceding segments, strongly denticulate. Cerci broken

off; dentigerous plate as in Fig. 7. Larger species, abdomen 43.4, hind wing 44.3, pt.

fore wing 2.8 mm. Male unknown. Hab.: Luzon, Philippine Islands .

SITE pocciloprer:

== Wings a mei ae af Hind ming more nord and more broadly

rounded; anal area of hind wing with only 3 cells bordering cubital space proximal

to anal loop, the latter short, 3-celled; discoidal triangle of hind wing shorter,

proximal side about one-half length of costal side. Wings yellowish brown all over

the membrane. Dorsum of abdominal tergites almost smooth, covered with few small

denticles. Cerci broken off. Smaller species, abdomen 39.5—40.5, hind wing 37.3—

38.0, pt. fore wing 2.2—2.6 mm. Male unknown. Hab.: E. Borneo . spec. indet. A

6. Upper surface of frons with a pair of transverse, widely separated, obscurely green

dorso-lateral spots. Ground colour of body dark brown; abdomen moderately

spindle-shaped. Wing membrane either subhyaline or faintly spotted with yellow

in anterior part between nodus and pterostigma; or else, stained with deep yellow-

brown all over (most intense in area proximal to pterostigma), save for the tips

which remain uncoloured. cani species iz ili bee alle. EEE

— Frons coloured otherwise . . alta diana

7. Small species with rather broad wings Da ‘Shae prodiga ong 35.0—37.0,

hind wing 34.0—35.4, pt. fore wing 2.2—2.3 mm. Wing membrane entirely hyaline

with fine yellowish tinge on disk only; anal area of hind wing with 3 cells bordering

cubital space proximal to anal loop; only 2 cells between anal loop and posterior

border and with a maximum of 4 cells between C7, and the margin. Cerci broken

off; dentigerous plate as in Fig. 7. Hab.: E. Borneo. . . . . mutata

— Size larger, wings relatively long with much longer td: Ademen (allotype)

45.0, hind wing 42.0, pt. fore wing 3.1 mm. Wing membrane at least with diffuse

cloudy yellow area in anterior part between nodus and pterostigma (allotype), this

colour frequently much darker and occupying the entire surface, except the tips

beyond pterostigma which remain hyaline; anal area of hind wing with 4 cells

bordering cubital space proximal to anal loop. Cerci broken off; D plate as

in Fig. 7. Hab.: Sumatra; ? Mentawei Is... . . . . . uropetala

8. Upper surface of frons uniformly brown, lacking dorso- feel à green spots. Malaysian

SPeciessuz a aio dee AOP e FO,

10.

12:

M. A. LIEFTINCK : Oligoaeschna Selys in Southeast Asta 153

Species from Celebes and Buton. Upper surface of frons with thick dark brown basal

stripe of even width extending all along eye-margin; medially this stripe is connected

by a very short stalk with an even heavier, crescent-shaped black anterior patch

covering the frontal crest and occupying nearly the whole of the anterior surface as

well; these dark areas on top of frons enclose a pair of bright yellow-green transverse

bars, one at each side of the tiny median stalk. Wing membrane hyaline but base of

fore wings palely and diffusely saffronated in c-sc as far as the nodus and posteriorly

again to proximal side of triangle; basal half of hind wings golden brown as far as

the nodus and abruptly terminating straight across wing. Anal area of hind wing

broad, with 4 cells bordering cubital space proximal to 4-celled anal loop, and with

2 cells between apex of loop and posterior border; a maximum of 6 cells between

Czy and hind margin; sectors in this area fairly distinct, entering the wing margin

at an acute angle. Femora brown tipped with black. Abdomen apparently not

spindle-shaped. Cerci extremely long and slenderly stalked, longer than segm. 8—10,

apex abruptly spatulate (Fig. 11). One rather immature Ber from Celebes .

. venatrix

i Ad men nanda iens Baal ements tee 3 cone constricted

4—6 greatly expanded and depressed (attaining more than four times the width of

3 at the constriction), segments then again rapidly narrowed and compressed till end

of abdomen. Anal area of hind wing with 3 cells bordering cubital space proximal

to anal loop, the latter 3-celled; Cw, and C7, more strongly convex than usual; area

posterior to Czy broad, with 4—5 almost straight sectors and up to 5 cells between

Cu, and hind border at level of greatest expansion. Membrane transparent amber

brown, hyaline at apex and behind triangles. Cerci broken off. Abdomen 42, hind

wing 44 mm. Male unknown. Hab.: S.E. Borneo. . . ND elacatura

Abdomen not unusually spindle-shaped; remaining desde: not as above. . 10

Wings relatively broad with open venation, only 3 cells bordering cubital space in

anal area of hind wing proximal to anal loop. Cz, and Cz, not strongly convex,

area posterior to C7, with 4—5 cells between C7, and hind margin. Membrane

either subhyaline or with bases saffronated in c-sc as far as the nodus and posteriorly

again to slightly beyond apex of triangle in both pairs of wings, the limits of this

colouring very indistinct. Cerci shorter than segm. 8—10 but longer than 9 + 10,

as in Fig. 4; dentigerous plate, Fig. 7. Abdomen 41.0—42.3 + 7.4, hind wing

42.0— 43.2, pt. fore wing 3.1—3.4 mm. Hab.: Borneo. . . . . . foliacea

Hind wing with 4 cells bordering cubital space in anal area proximal to anal loop 11

. Wings narrow with open venation; only 2 cells between anal loop and posterior

border of hind wing; area posterior to C7, narrow, with a maximum of 4 cells

between Cz, and hind margin; sectors weak, their course more or less fractured. 12

Wings much broader basally and more closely reticulated; 3—4 cells between anal

loop and posterior border of hind wing; area posterior to Cz, broad with a maximum

of 5—6 cells between Cv, and hind margin and with 3 strong and straight sectors.

Membrane hyaline but bases deeply stained with orange yellow, this colour extending

to apex of discoidal triangle in fore wing, as far as the nodus and apex of Cug

abruptly leaving off right across wing, in hinder pair. Cerci broken off. Hind wing

38.1, pt. fore er 2.2 mm. Male unknown. Immature specimen from N. Borneo

à spec. indet. D

Extent af len area on wings sal as cavi ea the previous species from

154 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

N. Borneo but basal half of wings less broad and wings much less closely veined.

Abdomen (flattened) apparently not spindle-shaped. Cerci longer than segm. 8—10,

with very long linear stalk, apical portion abruptly expanded, as in Fig. 4; dentigerous

plate with about 14 teeth in a row. Abdomen 43.0 + 8.5, hind wing 39.0, pt. fore

wing 3.0 mm. Immature specimen from NE. Sumatra. . . buehri (supposition)

— Basal portion of hind wing less broad than in either O. foliacea and buebri; whole

surface of membrane, except at apex narrowly, amber yellow; neuration still more

open, sectors in area posterior to Cz, of hind wing indistinct, their course fractured.

Abdomen markedly spindle-shaped. Cerci shorter than 8—10 but longer than 9 +

10, as in Fig. 7; dentigerous plate, Fig. 7. Abdomen 41.0 + 6.4, hind wing 40.0,

pt. fore wing 2.7 mm. Male unknown. Hab.: W. Borneo (Pontianak) Me

spec. indet. C

Oligoaeschna martini (Laidlaw)

Fig. 1

Jagoria martini Laidlaw, 1921: 76—77 (® Darjeeling Distr., Tiger hill, 8300 ft, 26.VI.1918,

no. 1407—2, S. W. Kemp; holotype Zool. Survey India, Calcutta, lost?). — Fraser, 1922: 611—612

(descr., copied from Laidlaw; type not seen); 1936: 59—60, figs. (partim: composite descr.).

Aeshna nigripes Navas, 1932: 12—14, fig. 23—24 (& struct., Kurseong, Hymalaya; holotype

coll. Navas, Zaragoza, lost?).

This species and its nearest allies have a complicated history and the specific synonymy

involved is equally intricate.

The types of both Jagoria martini and Aeshna nigripes being unavailable and probably

lost, no clear-cut characters of these somewhat puzzling insects can be given. At the same

time there can be no doubt that they are the sexes of a single species, as suggested

already by Fraser (1936). The name nigripes can not be used, Aeshna nigripes Navas,

1932, being a secondary homonym of Aeshna nigripes Kirby, 1890 (= Gomphus nigri-

pes Selys). Fraser's description and crude sketches of the male appendages are copied

from Navas’s account of A. nigripes and his characterization of the female is based on

Laidlaw’s diagnosis. It is obvious that Fraser confounded the true martini with another

species from Assam. The only specimen he had examined himself is possibly the same

species — though not the same individual — as the one described hereafter as O. deco-

rata sp. n. For further details, see under the next species.

As to O. martini, I can do no better than give a verbatim account of the original

descriptions, the latin diagnosis of Aeshna nigripes published by Navas being a literal

translation.1)

Original description of J. martini:

“Length of hinder-wing 40 mm, of abdomen 40 mm.

8—17.16—7

SKOR

of fore-wings of three cells, of hinder-wings four celled. Supra-triangles free. Space

between M, and Mspl of two rows of cells on all wings. Pterostigma dark brown, 2 mm

long, braced. Extreme base of wings saffron tinged, the colour not reaching Ax.

“Venation. That characteristic of the genus. Nodal indicator . Triangles

1) I am much indebted to my colleague Dr. C. O. van Regteren Altena who kindly supplied this.

M. A. LIEFTINCK : Oligoaeschna Selys in Southeast Asia 155

“Head: lower lip, and all the anterior surface orange brown. Dorsal surface of frons

very dark brown, black against the eyes: enclosing a yellow mark on either side in front

of each eye, so that the dark colour forms a T-shaped median mark. Vertex and occiput

black, the latter minute, with a tuft of black hairs. Prothorax: dark brown. Synthorax:

dorsal surface very dark brown, with a pair of oblong oval bands of a blue green colour,

running upwards and inwards almost to the upper end of the mid-dorsal carina, but not

reaching it; a pair of small lines of the same colour start from near the upper end of the

first pair and run transversely towards, but not so far as the humeral suture; meso- and

meta-notum green. Laterally the synthorax is very dark brown with a large, vivid green

bar on the meso-epimerite and a second bar of the same colour nearly covering the whole

of the metepimerite. Undersurfaces orange brown. Abdomen: constricted sharply at the

third segment, widened again from the fourth to the sixth, the remaining four being nar-

row; colouring, black above, the sternites orange brown. Segment 1 has a large, green,

lateral mark, similar to those of the sides of the synthorax, but slightly more yellow in

tone; 2 has a lateral yellow band. Dorsally segments 2—6 have each a pair of apical

green spots, semilunar in shape, and very small on 6. In addition 2—4 have each a pair

of small transverse marks of a green colour at about the centre of each. Further, 2 has a

minute basal triangle of yellowish green. The legs are black; the coxae, trochanters and

bases of the femora brown.

“The dentigerous plate of the tenth segment is almost squarely truncate posteriorly, and

carries apically a number of small irregularly placed teeth, about fifteen, on its ventral

side. The anal appendages are small, about 2 mm long, and are carried in the specimen

before me directed vertically upwards.

“The discovery of a species of this genus in the Himalaya extends its range greatly.

Hitherto I can find records for Malaya and Japan only, nowhere within 1,500 miles of

Darjeeling.

“Jagoria martini seems to come nearest to J. venatrix, Förster, from Buton in the

Celebes group. The female of the latter species is unknown.”

Male. — “Head with labium, labrum and the entire face, golden yellow; upper part

of frons green, the medially angular anterior carina {frontal crest} and a posterior band

between the ocelli [i.e. at base of frons} black; these two [transverse] bands connected

medially by a longitudinal black band, forming a I shaped marking; hairs black;

compound eyes dark brown; suture between the eyes mediocre; occiput black; occipital

triangle very small; occipital hairs black; antennae black. Thorax black: Lobe of pro-

thorax broadly rounded, depressed. Two green [ante} humeral bands, above shortly inter-

rupted, rather j-shaped and angular. Sides with two oblique green bands, the anterior

one, nearest the shoulders, regular, slightly narrowed towards upper end, the posterior

one irregular, widest inferiorly. Green spots on dorsum and green points at the wing

bases.

“Abdomen inflated basally, most conspicuously so in vertical direction, at the third

segment strongly constricted, then widening at segments 4—6, towards the last segment

but slightly narrowed; superior cerci (fig. 23) long, narrow in basal half, narrowly oval

in distal half; inferior two-thirds length of superiors, apex bilobate. General colour

inclusive of the cerci black, auricles golden yellow; on most tergites two subtriangular

apical spots, blue in life?, ...‘‘other broad elliptical [spots?} at the connexivum light-

coloured.” Legs wholly black. Wing membrane hyaline, slightly suffused with brown;

156 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

Fig. 1. Oligoaeschna martini (Laidlaw), & holotype Aeshna nigripes Navas. Anal appendages and

base of hind wing (After Navas, 1932)

bases slightly tinged with yellow, more distinctly so between procubitus and cubitus;

membranula brown, with an external pale line bordering the veins (fig. 24); reticulation

wholly black; stigma short, longer than two underlying cells, brace-vein oblique. Bridge

space traversed by 3 cross-veins. Supplementary sector slightly curved in the middle,

space between it and sector {i.e. Rs-Rsp/} with two cells, between M and supplementary

sector [i.e. M4-Msp/} two divided cells in the middle.

“Fore wing with 16—19 Ax, 9 Px; about one row of cells Rs-Rsp/, one cell divided

in the middle (in right wing); between Cz, and Cz, one cell-row. Hind wing with

12 Ax, 8—10 Px; anal triangle with 3 cells; anal loop small, 5-celled, 3 in inner row,

2 in outer row (Fig. 24).

“Long. corp. & 53 mm

5 al ant. 363,5:

"i al. post. 25) hats

i al. dom. STI

“Patria. Kurseong (Hymalaya), 1929. P. Lebas leg., P. Sala ded.”

Distribution. — Sikkim.

Oligoaeschna khasiana spec. nov.

Fig. 2—3

Material. — Assam: & (ad. holotype, BM), Assam, Khasia Hills (MacLachlan’s

writing, ex coll. R. MacLachlan).

Labium greenish yellow, labrum orange-chrome; mandible-bases, whole clypeus and

a transverse band in front of frons, green; wrinkled anterior part of frons (i.e. transverse

portion of T-spot) black; this area twice as broad as the short T-stem, which is itself

somewhat constricted at middle and attached to a black basal stripe extending down along

eye-margin. Vertex greenish anteriorly, for the rest brown; occipital triangle and rear of

the head black, the former concave and sharply ridged posteriorly, its surface clothed

with long, erect, bristle-like black hairs.

Synthorax warm russet, all pale markings sharply defined, bright apple-green, as are

also the notal sclerites and axillaries of wings. Lower two-thirds of mesinfraepisternite as

well as a much smaller triangular area occupying the metinfraepisternite ventrally, green.

M. A. LIEFTINCK : Oligoaeschna Selys in Southeast Asta 157

DECORATA ?

holotype Shillong

Assam

DECORATA ?

holotype Shillong

DECORATA

Assam

epiproct

& cerci

dorsal

KHASIANA d

Khasia Hills

Assam

KHASIANA ¢

app. inf. ventral

KHASIANA

lateral

KHASIANA

dorsal

Fig. 2. Oligoaeschna decorata spec. nov. ® and O. khasiana spec. nov. 4, vertex and interocular

region, dorsal view, and other structures

Coxae, trochanters and basal half of femora externally, reddish brown, otherwise the

legs are black.

Wings evenly tinged with greyish yellow all over. Neuration open, much as in O.

pryeri, but pterostigma of small size, considerably shorter than in either pryerz or pyanan

; } 7215216: EZ 1.0

and also shorter than in decorata. Nodal LE, cross-veins in? —, in ht — ;

9.10.11.10 1951 0.0

158 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

anal loop of great size, 5-celled. Anal angle obtuse (Fig. 3). Area posterior to Cs of

hind wing with all sectors rather fractured and but slightly oblique, three cells only

between Cz, and hind border and two cells between apex of loop and wing margin.

Abdomen shaped as described in the key. Although segment 3 is less constricted than

in O. pryeri, the abdomen from 4 onwards is shaped similarly in the two species, the

proportionate lengths of the segments being also practically alike. Middorsal carina of

3—7 denticulate; 9 about one-sixth longer than its width at apex but only one-fifth

longer than 10. Green markings small, though well defined, the paired PD on segm.

2—6 (7) closely approximated, those on 2—4 a little longer than their greatest width

at apex; sides of 2 and 3 also marked with green, the lateral spot at 1 more or less

S-shaped, AML and PL subequal in size and completely isolated. Auricles bright green,

in the form of small oval lobes which are armed posteriorly with a double row of about

3438 irregularly arranged black denticles.

Measurements: abd. + app. 40.0, hind wing 36.3, pt. fore wing 2.0 mm.

Female unknown.

Distribution. — Assam.

It is impossible to identify this specimen with the male from Kurseong, described by

Navas as “Aeshna nigripes”, a species almost certainly conspecific with O. martini (Laid-

law), also from the Darjeeling district. A comparison of Navas’s crude sketches of the

anal appendages of nigripes (Fig. 1) with those here given for O. khasiana (Fig. 2),

clearly shows the differences. Attention may be drawn also to the very different shape of

the anal angle of the hind wing in these two insects: the prolongation of the inner border

of the anal triangle in nigripes is longer and curved inward, the tornal angle itself being

prominent (Fig. 1); in O. khasiana, on the other hand, the anal angle is unusually short

and completely rounded (Fig. 3).

Oligoaeschna decorata spec. nov.

Pla i2band ics 2

Material. — Assam: © (subadult, holotype, BM), Assam, Shillong, 5000 ft., 5 May

1924, Crinoline Falls, Fletcher coll., ex coll. T. B. Fletcher, in coll. F. C. Fraser.

Female. — Wing venation open but anal loop of hind wing containing 5 or 6 cells

and shaped similarly to that of O. khasiana sp. nov. Nodal index a cross-veins

in / = ht —_ Anal area of hind wing with 4 cells bordering cubital space proximal

to anal loop; only 2 cells between anal loop and posterior border; sectors in area posterior

to Czy slightly fractured, their course almost straight towards wing margin.

Structure of terminal segments and cerci as in Fig. 2.

Measurements: abdomen 42.0 + 1.5, hind wing 37.5, pt. fore wing 2.3 mm.

Male unknown.

Distribution. — Assam.

The more important characters of this extraordinary species, photographed in PI. 12,

are given in the key. Features shared alike with O. khasiana and allies are the wide and

M. A. LIEFTINCK : Oligoaeschna Selys in Southeast Asia 159

similarly coloured front, as well as the shortness of the median eye-line (Fig. 2), but here

the resemblance ends. The shape and extent of the pale markings on the thorax and

abdomen of decorata are quite unlike those of khastana and other members of the same

group and decidedly characteristic. What causes the abdominal pattern to deviate from

the normal is the existence of additional middorsal spots on segm. 2—5, which are fused

together with MD and PD, thus rendering the species a colour design found nowhere

else in the genus.

The type of this species is unique. It was found by me in a box with an assortment of

unidentified mounted Odonata, left behind by the late F. C. Fraser and bequeathed to the

British Museum (Nat. Hist.). It disagrees with Fraser’s description of Jagoria martini,

discussed in the previous pages. Fraser (1936) claims to possess a female of martini

‘from Shillong, Assam, taken in June”. This individual, which he failed to describe,

could not be traced in Fraser’s private collection; it has probably been lost. A second

female, also from Shillong, is the one here described; its locality label gives the date of

capture as 5 May 1924, thus differing from that of the first. It may well be, however,

that Fraser knew about the existence of another female, because his drawing of the

sexual organs (1936 : fig. 15a) does not fit Laidlaw’s description of the type of J. martini

but corresponds very nearly with the sketches presently given for decorata. It is, therefore,

very likely that Fraser left unnoticed all further particulars of this specimen and after

having figured it forgot all about it. While first examining this dragonfly, a further

complication arose when I noticed it to be an artefact, as it possessed a pair of long cerci

which had been skilfully attached to the apex of its abdomen. After having relaxed the

body and the appendages removed, the specimen turned out to be brachycercous, like

other members of the species-group to which it belongs (Fig. 2). The detached cerci may

have belonged to one of the females of the supposed O. zropetala m., from the Mentawei

Islands, which were left unidentified in the same box.

Oligoaeschna pryeri (Martin)

Jagoria pryeri Martin, 1909: 134—135, pl. II fig. 8 (4 insect, col.), fig. 131 (4 wing-phot.),

132 (3 app., Japan); 1911: 18 (id.). — Laidlaw, 1923: 9 (descr. note). — Oguma, 1926: 83 (@

descr.; Hokkaido, Honshu, Kiushu). — Hirayama, 1929: 17, fig. 27 (4 imsect, phot.).

Oligoaeschna pryeri: Asahina, 1956: 93 (4 Yakashima I., N. Ryukyus)!); 1957: 50—51 (notes);

1958: 10—12, phot. & figs. (larval structures). — Esaki & Asahina, 1957: 82—85, fig. 1—2 (fossil

wing record). — Ishida, 1958: 18—19, phot. (larval exuviae & habitat). — Taketo, 1958: 12—17,

phot. (ecology); 1959a: 2, phot. (larva); 1959b: 31 (variation in wing venation).

Material. — Japan: ¢, 2 9, Japan, Honshu, Mitsukoji, Kanazawa, 27 and

31.V.1959, A. Taketo (ex CSA, ML). ¢, Japan, Honshu, Mobara (75 km SE from

Tokyo), Chiba, 21.V.1967, K. Miyakawa (ML).

The most striking features of this species and the next are the curiously inflated basal

abdominal segments, almost alike in the two sexes, and the contrastingly variegated body

pattern.

Male. — Labium bright chrome, distal portion of lateral lobes obscured; in one male

the labrum is wholly black, in the other it bears a pair of small orange basal spots. Pale

areas in front of head ochreous changing to green on either side; spots on upper part of

1) Yakushima (or Yakusima) is a small mountainous island situated at a distance of about 60 km

south of Kyushu (Kyusyu), South Japan.

160 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

frons as well as the bands on dorsum of thorax green, the lateral ones bright greenish

yellow; juxtahumeral green ventral spots present though small; metepisternal stripe nar-

row and irregular though not interrupted. Legs wholly black. Wings almost entirely

hyaline, faintly tinged with pale yellow at extreme base only. Pterostigma dark brown,

covering 2—3 underlying cells; membranula light grey. Details of venation: Ax 14—16

in fore wings, 9—10 in hind wings; Px 7—8 in fore wings, 7—9 in hind wings; cross-

veins in 7 = and = no cross-veins in At (sic); cells in anal loop 5.5 and 3.3.

Abdomen with the five triangular spots on dorsum of 1—2 green (except AD usually

chrome), lateral spots of 1—3 bright chrome; dorsal marks of 3—7 green, lateral spots

and ventral patches at base of tergites 4—8 greenish yellow. Vesicle of penis black, deeply

and broadly emarginate, the branches rounded, not prominent.

Female. — Similar to male but green spots upon vertex larger and all body markings

yellow, except PD on 3—6 of abdomen rather more greenish. Thorax with antehumeral

band narrower and the juxtahumeral ventral spot larger than in male.

Wing membrane hyaline; bases saffronated as far out as Axy and end of cubital space,

this colour ill-limited outwardly; distal portion of wings, from a little beyond nodus

almost as far as the tips, tinged less vividly with brownish yellow. Ax 14—17 in fore

wings, 9—11 in hind wings; Px 7—8 in fore wings, 8—9 in hind wings; 2 cross-veins

in ¢ of all wings; cross-veins in Af = and — ; cells in anal loop 4.4 and 5.4.

A distinct yellow stripe along lower margin of abdominal tergites 8 and 9. Valves

and cerci black, the latter equal in length to 10th segment (1.3 mm, measured over mid-

dorsal line), of simple form: straight, parallel, dorsoventrally flattened, lanceolate blades

with rounded tips.

Measurements: 4 abd. + app. 44.5—47.5, hind wing 38.0—39.0, pt. fore wing 3.0

mm; 9 42.2—48.0, 38.0—39.5, 3.4—3.7 mm, respectively.

Distribution. — Japan and Ryukyu Islands.

A diurnal species, widely distributed in the Japanese islands and apparently not rare

in suitable habitats. Until recently little was known of the life history and habits of O.

pryeri, but Japanese students have of late contributed much to our knowledge of this

remarkable dragonfly. A full description and good photographs of the larval exuviae,

with drawings of structural details can be found in a publication by Asahina (1958).

According to Taketo (1958) O. pryeri breeds in stagnant water and in central Japan has

a flight season from May until the last week of July. Although the species is a daytime

flier, the same author also witnessed feeding flights towards dusk and remarks that on

hot days the insects avoid the open marsh, taking shelter in more shady surroundings

away from water. Females were observed ovipositing in a mossy substance growing on

wet soil, the exuviae being found in the swamp vegetation nearby. Skins of O. pryeri

collected by Ishida (1958) at a hillside near Yokkaichi were picked up from bamboo

twigs overhanging small bog pools and sphagnum beds supplied with seepage water.

Late in November 1958, Taketo (1959b) dredged up a full-grown larva from the surface

mud and debris accumulated in a small pool near Kanazawa, a habitat frequented also

by Somatochlora atrovirens Selys. The above findings suggest that O. pryert is a spring

species and univoltine.

M. A. LIEFTINCK : Oligoaeschna Selys in Southeast Asia 161

Oligoaeschna pyanan Asahina

Bion

Oligoaeschna pyanan Asahina, 1951: 19, fig. 35 (3 app. Taiwan).

Jagoria pyanan: Asahina, 1962: 9—10, fig. 1 (2 apex of abdomen, Taiwan).

Material. — Taiwan: & (holotype, CSA), Formosa, Pyanan pass, 1970 m,

17.VIII.1936, S. Asahina; 9 (allotype, CSA), Central Taiwan, Tui-Kao-Shan, 5.VII.

1961, S. Ueno.

Very near O. pryeri (Martin) and evidently closely related with it.

Apart from the characters mentioned in the original description and those given in

my key, the following additional features are worth recording. The duplication of the

cells M,-Mspl is complete in fore and hind wings of either sex; in the holotype even

the space Rs-Rsp/ contains several irregularly divided cells, i.e. 25 (3) and = Co)

Male. — Chrome yellow clypeal band narrower than in pryeri and anterior yellow line

bordering clypeal suture on frons obliterated in the middle. Vertex wholly black. Dorsal

thoracic bands and transverse spots in front of ante-alar triangles both enlarged and

practically fused together; no trace of juxtahumeral green spot; metepisternal stripe

reduced to an upper triangle and a rudiment of a spot placed halfway down between this

and the spiracle.

Wing membrane as in O. pryeri; pterostigma a trifle shorter; membranula smoky

brown. Nodal der SLI. 2 cross-veins in /; cross-veins in hik cells ín anal

Olsen 0.1

loop 5.4.

Abdomen much as in O. pryeri, but auricles about half the size of those in that species

and also narrower, carrying only 12—14 recurved denticles. Anal appendages as in Fig. 3.

Female. — Resembles the male in almost all respects. Wing membrane as in the

female of O. pryeri, only the basal saffroning of a deeper tint and a little less extensive;

distal patch also more restricted and evident only on the fore wings as a cloudy spot

SAT. 9 u:

Zar 7 cr0s5-veins in 7 but none

LOE 2 lele

at all in At (sic); anal loop 5-celled in both hind wings.

Abdomen with all pale spots reduced in size, only AD of segm. 2 larger than in O.

pryeri; traces only of yellow streaks bordering tergites 8 and 9. Cerci a little longer than

segm. 10, aslant and slightly downcurved toward apex, forming narrow, somewhat

twisted, lanceolate blades with acute tips.

Measurements: & abd. + app. 46.0, hind wing 40.0, pt. fore wing 2.9 mm; ® 46.4

aint Lo, 43-5," 5.0) mm; respectively:

Distribution. — Taiwan.

between nodus and pterostigma. Nodal index

Oligoaeschna poeciloptera (Karsch)

PI. 12 and Fig. 4 and 7

Jagoria poeciloptera Karsch, 1889: 238—239 (partim: 2 Luzon only).

Material. — Philippine Is.: 9 (lectotype, ZMB), 13234 (print), Luzon. Jagor

(yellow cadre, unknown writing), Jagoria n.g. poeciloptera-Krsch (F. Karsch’s

162 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

PYANAN

app. inf.

ventral

PYANAN

Taiwan

KHASIANA

holotype

PYANAN

right sup. app.

oblique ventral

PYANAN

Taiwan

Fig. 3. Oligoaeschna pyanan Asahina, anal appendages of ¢ holotype, and O. khasiana spec. nov.

base of hind wing of & holotype from Assam

writing), Syntypus (print on red), Jagoria poeciloptera Karsch 1899, det. K. K. Gün-

ther.

The type-species of “Jagoria” Karsch.

I have selected Karsch’s female, an aged individual in good state of preservation, as

the lectotype of O. poeciloptera. The male from Singapore, wrongly attributed to it by

Karsch, 1s an immature specimen of O. amata (Martin), see p. 176.

Chiefly remarkable for the venation and the colour of its wings (PI. 12).

Mouth-parts, face and frons unicoloured brown, frons not obscured anteriorly but

dorsal surface with darker brown basal stripe which is triangularly produced forward,

M. A. LIEFTINCK : Oligoaeschna Selys in Southeast Asia 163

expanding a little over the frontal crest without forming a definite T-spot; crest subacute,

the surface in front of it only superficially wrinkled. Median eye-line long (Fig. 4).

Body brown, pale markings discoloured and faded but thorax and abdomen marked

with the characteristic bands and spots described for allied members of the group: four

isolated dorsal thoracic spots, broad lateral yellow bands, the distance separating the

latter not wider than the metepimeral band. Legs black but all femora reddish brown

turning black apically.

Neuration as shown in the photograph. Anal loop longer than in all other species and

5-celled. Posterior sectors of Cz, in hind wing rather longer than in O. zambo, following

a lengthwise course and entering the wing margin farther away from base. Whole mem-

brane faintly tinged with amber, with diffuse rays of a rather darker tint at extreme bases

POECILOPTERA ?

lectotype Luzon

POECILOPTERA ?

lectotype Luzon

SPEC. INDET.

W. Borneo ©

Pontianak

FOLIACEA

W. Borneo

Bakuan

Fig. 4. Oligoaeschna poeciloptera (Karsch), ® lectotype from Luzon, vertex and interocular region,

dorsal view, and apex of abdomen, left side view. Oligoaeschna spec. indet. C, from W. Borneo,

Q cercus, O. foliacea spec. nov, 2 from W. Borneo, and O. buehri (Foerster), 2 from NE. Suma-

tra, apex of abdomen, showing dentigerous plate and cerci

164 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

(not shown in the photograph), this colour deepening to form obliquely recurved brown

bands between nodus and pterostigma, the apices beyond these spots hyaline.

Shape and markings of abdominal segments as described in the key. Middorsal carina

well developed on all segments, even on distal portion of 2 and basal half of 10, 9 and

10 distinctly denticulate on either side of it. Cerci broken off; dentigerous plate, Fig. 7.

For measurements, see the key on p. 152.

Male unknown.

Distribution. — Luzon, Philippine Islands.

Needham & Gyger (1937) claim to have a second female, from Davao, Mindanao.

The wings are described as being “stained with brown deeply at the base, especially

before the arculus, the color fading before the level of the nodus in the fore wing and

just beyond in the hind wing. Length of hind wing 42.” Hence it seems unlikely that

this individual belongs here.

Oligoaeschna zambo Needham & Gyger

Kies

Oligoaeschna zambo Needham & Gyger, 1937: 40—41, pl. 2 fig. 33—34 & pl. 3 fig. 48 (4 app.

and wings, Mindanao, P.I.). — Lieftinck, 1940: 378, 384 (Mindanao, sec. Needham & Gyger).

Material. — Philippine Is.: 4 (semiad., holotype CU), in fragments, with slide

preparation of right pair of wings, No. 3556, P.I., Zamboanga {Mindanao}, Kabasalan,

WAT 1932:

This species was described from two males, one of them with incomplete abdomen.

The holotype, now before me, is an immature specimen with flattened body and the

abdominal segments broken, but the anal appendages are intact and still in good shape

(Fig. 5). The recognition of O. zambo should not be difficult when consulting the

original description in conjunction with the figure and key-characters mentioned on p.

148 of the present paper. Probably most closely related to O. platyura, which has a

shorter pterostigma and also differs from zambo in the shape of the anal angle of the

hind wing, which is more incurved and sharply acute, not rectangular.

Our species also resembles O. amata in some respects but can be at once distinguished

from it by the presence of two rows M,-Msp/ in both fore and hind wings.

For a redrawn photograph of the wings, see Needham & Gyger (1937, fig. 48).

Nodal index Sa a

1.15.1501

anal loop 3-celled.

Measurements: abd. + app. 43.0, hind wing 36.0, pt. fore wing 2.9 mm.

It is hard to say whether or not O. zambo is specifically distinct from poeczloptera,

only a single female of the latter having been described from Luzon. The two species

are held apart by Needham & Gyger (loc. cit.), who knew the type of the latter only

from the description. From a comparison of the wing venation it would appear that the

two are not conspecific.

Distribution. — Mindanao, Philippine Islands.

à ; DID: P ;

2 cross-veins in #; ni in ht; only 1 Bxs in all wings;

M. A. LIEFTINCK : Oligoaeschna Selys in Southeast Asia 165

PLATYURA

holotype

E. Borneo

ZAMBO

holotype

Mindanao

app. inf.

ventral

Fig. 5 Oligoaeschna platyura Lieftinck (after Lieftinck, 1940) and O. zambo Needham & Gyger,

& wing bases and appendages, showing differences

166 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

Oligoaeschna modiglianii Selys

ML, la, eroe Jones, 7/

Oligoaeschna modiglianii Selys, 1889: 471—472, fig. 4 wings (4 imperfect, Nias I.). —

Lieftinck, 1948: 286 (distrib., partim); 1954: 97, 183 (partim; type not seen).

Material. — Nias L: & wing photograph, Nias (holotype, MCG); 9 (semiad.,

ex alcohol), Eil. Nias, E. E. W. G. Schröder don. 10.1908 (ML).

The type is a male in poor condition, the head being badly crushed while the last

four abdominal segments are missing. There is nothing in the original description that

would help to settle the status of this species but an examination of the type carried out

by me in 1959 at the Genoa Museum surprisingly revealed the presence of two cell-rows

My-Mspl on the hind wings, a feature not mentioned by de Selys. This places modzglianu

definitely in the vicinity of O. platyura Lieft. The neuration (PI. 13) is, indeed, very

much alike in the two species, even the size of the pterostigma being the same. With the

discovery of a complete male I expect that the two insects will prove to be nearly related,

but this is all that can be said at the moment.

Female. — As far as the neuration is concerned this topotypical example corresponds

closely with the male. It also fairly agrees in this respect with the female of O. platyura,

but the differences (as mentioned in the key) are found in the arrangement of the Cz

sectors and the number of cell-rows in the anal field of the hind wings. Also, the

discoidal triangles of modiglianii are a little shorter than they are in platyura. A further

distinction is found in the form of the abdomen, which in modiglianii shows no sign

of being spindle-shaped. The wing membrane is coloured similarly in the two species.

: 3 : 10.19.2029 SOR 223 272

Venational details are: nodal index — =; cross-veins in 5; anal

12.14.14.13 225 Dell

loop 3-celled.

Body colouring and markings apparently much as described for O. platyura, but all

pale spots faded and indistinct. Cerci broken off; dentigerous plate, Fig. 7.

Distribution. — Nias I.

Oligoaeschna platyura Lieftinck

Fig. 5 and 7

Oligoaeschna platyura Lieftinck, 1940: 378—380, 383—384, fig. 16—17 (4 wing-base & app.

Borneo); 1954: 98, 184 (4 2 Borneo).

Material. — Borneo: 2 4, @ (ad.), © (juv.), E. Borneo, Kutai, Sangkulirang

distr., Kariorang ( 4 ), Pelawan Besar ( 4 holotype and 9 juv.), and Batau Besi (9

allotype), V.1937; & ®, Kutai, Samarinda, XII.1938 and III.1939; all M. E. Walsh

(ML); 4, S. Kutai, Balikpapan, Mentawir river, 50 m, X.1950, A. M. R. Wegner

(ML); 2, N. Borneo, Sandakan, coll. about 1895—96, A. L. Cook, pres. 1899 by

Herbert Druce (OUM).

The male from Balikpapan and the female from Sandakan are additional specimens.

The former agrees with the type and two paratypical males, also from East Borneo. The

female is in good condition, resembling others of the same sex in possessing a similarly,

though even more strongly, spindle-shaped abdomen. As with the previously described

females, the cerci are unfortunately lacking so that no description of these can yet be

M. A. LIEFTINCK : Oligoaeschna Selys in Southeast Asia 167

given; dentigerous plate as in Fig. 7. Further details are given in the keys.

Some venational characters can be summarized as follows.

Male: Ax 18—20 in fore wings, 12—15 in hind wings; Px 9—11 in fore wings,

9—13 in hind wings; 1—3 cross-veins in ¢ of fore wings, 2 in hind wings; 0—3 cross-

veins in At of fore wings, 0—2 in hind wings; anal loop 3-celled. Female: Ax 16—20

in fore wings, 11—14 in hind wings; Px 8—10 in fore wings, 10—12 in hind wings;

2—3 cross-veins in ¢ of both fore and hind wings; 1—2 cross-veins in ht of both fore

and hind wings; anal loop 3-celled.

The dimensions of 4 males are: abd. + app. 46.0—48.2, hind wing 38.0—40.0, pt.

fore wing 2.5—2.9 mm; female (see key to species).

Distribution. — North and East Borneo.

N.B. — Two of the 4 adult females (from Batau Besi and Kariorang in the Sang-

kulirang district), which I had associated with the males in the original description, are

not this species. They are left unnamed and treated here as O. spec. indet. A.

Oligoaeschna spec. indet. A

Oligoaeschna platyura Lieftinck, 1940: 378, 380 (partim: 2 ® from E. Borneo only).

Material. — Borneo: 2 9 (adult, cerci wanting), E. Borneo, Sangkulirang distr.,

Kariorang, 2.1.1937 and Batau Besi, 16.VI.1937, both M. E. Walsh (ML).

Previously referred to O. platyura but undoubtedly a distinct species, the male of which

remains to be discovered.

These small-sized females superficially resemble those of O. mutata but, apart from

the important venational differences, can be easily distinguished from that species by the

longer not spindle-shaped abdomen, absence of green frontal spots and also by having a

longer pterostigma.

The dimensions and other details of these individuals are given in the key.

Distribution. — E. Borneo.

Oligoaeschna spec. indet. B

Material. — Borneo: 9 (adult, cerci lacking), E. Borneo, Kutai, Tabang, Bengen

river, 125 m, 15.IX.1956, A. M. R. Wegner (ML).

A fully matured specimen with the basal portion of the wings deeply stained with

orange-yellow. The wings are even more densely reticulated than in the female of O.

modiglianii and also a little broader. Easily distinguished from O. platyura, which has a

more open venation, narrower and only faintly coloured wings and a spindle-shaped

abdomen. The extent of yellow on the wing membrane recalls the females of O. buehri

and our spec. indet. D; both of these differ, however, in having only a single cell-row

My-Mspl.

Very probably a distinct species.

Distribution. — E. Borneo.

168 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

Oligoaeschna venusta spec. nov.

PI. 13 and Fig. 6

Material. — Borneo: & (ad. holotype, ML), E. Borneo, Kutai, Tabang, Bengen

river, 125 m, 9.IX.1956, A. M. R. Wegner.

Labium and mandibles brown, the apical teeth of the latter obscured. Labrum

ochraceous-orange, its lateral borders as well as a short streak along middle of anterior

margin rather more brown. Clypeus unicoloured yellowish olive. Frons darker, rather

more greenish brown, its anterior surface rugosely wrinkled and deep black, except

laterally. Vertex, occipital triangle and rear of the head black, as is also the short pubes-

cence covering these parts.

Synthorax dark brown, marked indistinctly with yellow: dorsum with a pair of narrow,

oblique antehumeral stripes, incomplete on either end, and with indication of a pair of

transverse oval spots of the same colour placed in front of the ante-alar triangles, which

are black. Sides with broad meso- and metepimeral yellowish bands, the former widest

ventrally, the latter more or less triangular in outline and occupying most of the surface.

Legs mainly black, outer faces of all femora (save the apices) obscurely reddish brown.

Wing membrane faintly tinged with yellow, this colour slightly deepening along

anterior border, tips almost hyaline; membranula pure white. Neuration and conspicuous

basal markings as described in the key and as shown in the photograph (PI. 13). Nodal

1222725101

5 3 À IDA 2.3

Indra CO SS-velNs tn 22 in ht ——; anal loop 3-celled.

12 151515 DD DD

Shape and texture of abdominal segments partly as described earlier; middorsal carina

present on segm. 3—8 and all minutely denticulate; 9 not carinate, its surface finely

transversely striate. Auricles subtriangular, carrying 5—6 irregular teeth posteriorly, their

colour inclusive of a basal area below them, yellow. Pale markings ill-defined, obscurely

brownish yellow, as follows. Segm. 2 with small triangular AD and vestigial paired PD;

3—4 with paired triangular MD (vestigial on 4), and 3—7 with transverse crescent-

shaped PD, decreasing rapidly in size posteriorly; 4—8 moreover with rather large, sub-

oval AL, which are continued underneath across the lateral carinae as subrectangular

patches which occupy approximately the basal two-fifths of the tergites.

Measurements: abd. + app. 49.5, hind wing 44.5, pt. fore wing 3.5 mm.

Female unknown.

Distribution. — E. Borneo.

This fine new species is noteworthy for the intensely dark spots at the wing bases and

the two rows of cells between the veins Rs-Rsp/, both of which are unique features

serving to distinguish it from all other Oligoaeschna so far known. Further peculiarities

of structure are indicated in the key. The anal appendages resemble those of O. wropetala

spec. nov. rather closely, but the two species are not at all related.

Oligoaeschna elacatura (Needham)

Dolaeschna (gen. nov.) elacatura Needham, 1907: 142—144, fig. 3 (phot. of whole insect, 9

Mindai, SE. Borneo).

Jagoria elacatura: Martin, 1909: 135—136 (notes, sec. Needham; not seen).

Jagoria modiglianii: Ris, 1911: 240—242 (comp. notes, 2 Borneo; type not seen).

I have not seen the unique type of this species. Its principal characters can all be

derived from the original description and illustration, which are very good. — Venation

M. A. LIEFTINCK : Oligoaeschna Selys in Southeast Asia 169

Ax 17 in fore wing, 12 in hind wing; Px 8—9 in fore wing, 9 in hind wing; 2 cross-

veins each in all ¢ and hf; Bxs 1—2 in fore wing, 2 in hind wing; anal loop 3-celled.

In 1907, when Needham characterized this aeshnid under the new generic name of

Dolaeschna, it was on account of the curiously spindle-shaped abdomen and the primitive

wing venation, which resembled Gomphaeschna. Although Martin’s monograph (1908)

was only just about to appear, it is amazing that Needham could have described this

dragonfly as belonging to a new genus, when Karsch and Selys had already proposed

Jagoria and Oligoaeschna so many years earlier. Soon after the publication of Needham’s

Dolaeschna elacatura, the species was recognised by Ris (1911) as a member of Jagoria

(= Oligoaeschna) and placed as a synonym of O. modiglianii Selys. Since we have seen

that the latter possesses two rows of cells M4-Msp/ on all wings, whereas e/acatura has

only one, the neuration at the same time being more open than in members of the O.

modiglianii group, there is every reason to revive the name and restore the status of

elacatura Needham. The description and excellent photograph of the whole insect clearly

indicate its affinity with O. folzacea spec. nov. The differences between the two have been

set forth in the key to the females. As long as no males corresponding with the diagnosis

of Dolaeschna elacatura are available from the same area as the type, I prefer to consider

both elacatura and folzacea as distinct species.

Male unknown.

Distribution. — Southeast Borneo.

Oligoaeschna foliacea spec. nov.

Fig. 4, 6 and 7

Jagoria modigliani Martin, 1909: 130—131, fig. 126 (4 wing photogr., Borneo), 127 (4 app.

Borneo); 1911: 18, pl. 4 fig. 4 fig. 3 (?® insect, col.), 3a-b (4 app., Borneo). — Fraser, 1936,

fig. 14 (4 wings, copied from Martin).

Jagoria Modiglianii: Krüger, 1899: 288, 327—328 (partim, 4 Brunei). — Ris, 1911: 240—241

(partim, ¢ W. Borneo only).

Oligoaeschna modiglianii: Lieftinck, 1940: 377—378 (4 ® W. & NW. Borneo); 1948: 286

(distrib., partim); 1954: 97, 183 (references & distrib., partim).

Material — Borneo: 3 4 2 9 (1 & 1 9 semiad., © cerci intact), W. Bor-

neo, Singkawang area, Mt. Poteng, 400 m, 15.1V.1934 ( 4 holotype), Mt. Raja, Sungei

Bagak, 7.1X.1932 ( 4 paratype), Bakuan “at dusk”, 20.VI.1932 (4 paratype), Paten-

gahan-Bakuan road, 20.VII.1931 and 15.IX.1932 (9 allotype and ® paratype), all

L. Coomans de Ruiter (ML). 4 (ad.), labelled Brunei and Jagoria Modigliani Selys,

det. L. Krüger (NMS). 4, Borneo, Brunei, coll. Staudinger acq. 1903, Jagoria Modigli-

ani Selys Bornéo (R. Martin’s writing, ML). 4, Oligoaeschna Modigliani Selys Bornéo

(id.), 95.68 pres. by R. Martin (BM). Previously examined material: 4 9, Borneo, O.

modiglianii Selys, det. R. MacLachlan, ex coll. MacLachlan (BM). 9 indet., Pontianak,

Borneo (MacLachlan’s writing, BM). 9 indet., position doubtful, labelled Sum (white

disk), Sumat. Wallace 68.3 (print), pres. by W. W. Saunders (BM). 5 4 8 9, all

from Borneo (MP) and 3 4 2 2, ditto (IRSN). 5 & (3 defective), NW. Borneo,

Sarawak, labelled Matang Rd., Limbang, 23.1V.1910, and Baram, 18.X.1910 (SMK).

This is the species formerly called O. modiglianii by all authors including myself.

O. foliacea was first mistaken for that species by Martin (1909) whose descriptions are

accompanied by an excellent wing-photograph of the male (clumsily redrawn by Fraser,

1936) and by Menger’s pictures of the anal appendages. Martin also described a complete

170

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

UROPETALA

VENUSTA

holotype NE. Sumatra

holotype E. Borneo

FOLIACEA

holotype W. Borneo

MUTATA

holotype E. Borneo

Fig. 6. Male anal appendages of four species of Oligoaeschna, right lateral and dorsal view

female, with its cerci intact, but I have found no such specimen in the Paris Museum;

the female depicted by him in the Genera Insectorum (1911) may or may not belong to

e present species. In 1936 I was enabled to examine the only male of “modiglianit”

reported by Krüger (1899) from Brunei; this was returned to the Stettin Museum and

also turned out to be foliacea. The identity of the two females (from NE Sumatra and

Brunei) discussed by Krüger in the same publication, must, however, remain unsettled.

M. A. LIEFTINCK : Oligoaeschna Selys in Southeast Asia 171

Further specimens were dealt with by Ris (1911), who had a male from West Borneo

undoubtedly belonging to foliacea, but here again the females described by him do not

belong and are possibly O. elacatura (Needham) or yet another species. Lieftinck

(1940—1954) merely gave a summary of the existing literature, commented upon the

distribution and put on record new localities taken from freshly accumulated material.

These references mainly applied to the present species but also to others, including a

near ally recorded by Laidlaw (1926) from the Mentawei Islands. The last-mentioned

insect is the one discussed in this paper as O. wropetala, a new species from Sumatra.

With a better knowledge of the wing venation of the type of O. modiglianii and a

topotypical female of that species, we arrive at the conclusion that all specimens previ-

ously referred to modigliani are specifically distinct therefrom and should therefore be

renamed.

Specific features of O. foliacea not mentioned earlier can be summarized briefly as

follows.

Male. — Mouth-parts ochraceous-orange, clypeus and anterior surface of frons

olivaceous, the transition between postclypeus and frons indicated by a rather more

yellowish stripe; rest of frons brown anteriorly, this colour growing darker upwards as

far as the transverse crest, which is sharply pronounced, black or almost so. Dorsal and

lateral parts of frons unicoloured brown, occasionally with some slight obscuration in the

depth of the sulcus. Vertex, occipital triangle and pubescence brown, but rear of the

head distinctly lighter, brownish yellow.

Ground colour of thorax and abdomen reddish brown, more rarely somewhat darker.

Legs of the same colour, tibiae and apices of femora darker than the rest. Wing mem-

brane slightly tinged yellowish, except the anal triangle and adjoining area of hind wing,

which remain hyaline. Pterostigma dark ochreous; membranula light grey. Neuration

open. Ax 17—19 in fore wings, 11—13 in hind wings; 2 (very rarely 1) cross-veins

in ¢ of fore wings, 2 in hind wings; 1—2 cross-veins in hf of fore wings, 1 in hind wings;

anal loop 3-celled. Only 2 cells between apex of anal loop and posterior border.

Measurements: abd. + app. 43.4—50.0, hind wing 38.0—42.5, pt. fore wing 3.0—3.2.

Female. — One of the two specimens still before me is here selected as the allotype

of foliacea; it agrees so closely with the male that I have no doubt of its correct

identification. The same applies to the second female which is, however, slightly im-

mature and has the wing-bases yellowish. I add drawings of the dentigerous plate of the

former (Fig. 7) and the cerci of the latter (Fig. 4).

The remaining females listed above were studied by me in various museums and found

to agree. Despite this, I believe that in view of the great resemblance between the females

of O. foliacea and wropetala, the occurrence of foliacea outside Borneo still requires

confirmation.

Distribution. — Borneo; ? Sumatra.

Oligoaeschna uropetala spec. nov.

Fig. 6 and 7

?Jagoria modigliani: Laidlaw, 1926: 226 (4 2 Mentawei Is., notes).

Oligoaeschna modiglianii: Lieftinck, 1953: 255 (4 2 NE. Sumatra, record only).

Material. — Sumatra: & (holotype, ML), ® (allotype, ML), N.E. Sumatra,

1972 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

Deli, Laut Tador, 90 m, 10.1V.1949 ( & ) and 12.V.1948 (2 ), R. Straatman. — Position

doubtful: 9, NW. Sumatra, Atjeh, Seumanjam, 26.X.1953, R. Straatman (ML). 4 9

(2 semiad.), Mentawei Is. (off W. Sumatra): Sipora I., no. 164, 9.X.1924; Siberut

I., no. 45, 14.IX.1924; Mentawei, 9.IX.1924; and Mentawei, no. 188, 17.X.1924; all

H. H. Karny (ex Mus. Buitenzorg via coll. F. F. Laidlaw to coll. J. Cowley and F. C.

Fraser (3 9 BM, 1 9 ML).

Generally darker and more slenderly built than O. folzacea m.

Male (adult). — Mouth-parts and face uniform brown, the clypeus and sides of frons

anteriorly light brown intermingled with olivaceous. Wrinkled anterior surface of frons

including the crest blackish brown, almost black, the crest sharply pronounced medially;

upper surface of frons brown but marked on either side just behind the crest with a

transverse green streak. Vertex, occipital triangle and antennae blackish brown but rear

of the head brown, only little darker than in folzacea. Pubescence black.

Synthorax blackish brown, the antehumeral and transverse antealar spots on dorsum

well defined, dark olive-green. Lateral bands also conspicuous, pale ochreous, the

mesepimeral band decreasing in width upward and not nearly reaching dorsal margin;

ventral surface of thorax greyish brown.

Coxae of all and trochanters of fore legs brown, legs otherwise deep black, only basal

part of hind femora dark reddish brown externally.

Wing membrane coloured as in foliacea, size and colour of pterostigma as in that

species; membranula a little narrower, grey in colour. Neuration open, scarcely differing

9.20.21. 9 wtb 3.300 333

7 eross-veins ID I I II ES

TS 22

anal loop 3-celled. Anal angle and area posterior to Czy of hind wings as in foliacea,

the former well pronounced and rectangulate.

Abdomen shaped much as in foliacea but all segments a little less expanded. Auricles

yellow, triangular in shape, posterior margin of each armed with few (7—9) black

denticles which are directed inward, the innermost teeth largest. Pale markings dark

green, those on basal segments clearly outlined, similar in size and arrangement to those

of foliacea, the paired MD on segm. 2 about twice as large as PD, the former triangular,

rapidly decreasing in size posteriorly, vestigial already on 6, the latter crescent-shaped,

unapparent on 8. Latero-basal blotches (AL) present on segm. 3—9, those on 4—9

continued underneath across the lateral carinae as subrectangular, dirty orangish patches

occupying approximately the basal two-fifths of the tergites. Middorsal crest distinct and

denticulate on 3—7, replaced by a longitudinal area of smaller and more numerous

denticles on 8—10. Anal appendages, superior pair black, the inferior one very dark

brown (Fig. 6).

Measurements: abd. + app. 48.0, hind wing 37.0, pt. fore wing 3.0 mm.

Female. — Runs out in my key to near O. mutata on account of the presence of pale

frontal spots, which distinguishes it from foliacea. However, foliacea in other respects

resembles wropetala much more closely than the smaller-sized ##1ata, which also differs

in the wing venation.

The adult female from Deli (Sumatra) is undoubtedly conspecific and here taken as

the allotype. It is closely similar to the male, differing only in the following respects.

Mouth-parts, face and lower half of anterior surface of frons more brightly coloured,

ochraceous-orange, on wrinkled area of frons gradually passing to brownish black at the

crest; dorsal surface and sides of frons brown, the green dorso-lateral spots distinct though

from that of foliacea. Nodal index

M. A. LIEFTINCK : Oligoaeschna Selys in Southeast Asia 173

PLATYURA

allotype E. Borneo

POECILOPTERA

lectotype Luzon

SPEC. INDET.

W. Borneo

Pontianak

UROPETALA

NE. Sumatra

FOLIACEA

W. Borneo

Bakuan

MUTATA

allotype E. Borneo

SPEC. INDET.

E. Borneo

MODIGLIANII

Nias I

Fig. 7. Posterior (caudal) view of tenth abdominal sternite (dentigerous plate) of ® Oligoaeschna

species, drawn on the same scale. Different breadths are mainly due to compression of plates in

immature specimens

less defined than in the male. Dorsal and lateral thoracic markings indistinct by dis-

colouration. Femora scarcely lighter than in male but much darker than in the female of

foliacea.

Wing membrane faintly suffused with pale yellow, this tinting more evident and

rather cloudy between nodus and pterostigma in anterior part of wings. Neuration similar

17193 E 5 252400" D},

to male, Nodal index ELZEN cross-veins in f —, in yee anal loop 4-celled.

9.13.13.8 2.2 3.2

Abdomen brownish black turning quite black towards apex, its general shape and all

174 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

pale markings almost exactly as in the opposite sex, pale spots greenish ochreous, MD

on 3—4 and PD on 3—7 all a trifle larger. Middorsal carina present on 3—9, the one

on 10 replaced from end to end by a narrow area of microscopical longitudinal striae.

Cerci broken off; dentigerous plate, Fig. 7.

Distribution. — NE. Sumatra.

Although in the key to the females I have mentioned some characters common to all

specimens listed under this species, I am not at all sure, by the absence of any males, that

the specimens from Atjeh and those taken in the Mentawei Islands are correctly referred

to O. wropetala. Of the 3 males and 7 females listed by Laidlaw as from the islands of

Siberut and Sipora, none of the males and only 4 females could be recovered in the

Laidlaw and Cowley collections (BM and ML, respectively); there is much evidence that

the rest has been destroyed. The cerci of the females are now all missing, although

Laidlaw (1926) refers to these as follows: “Several of the females have retained the long

spatulate anal appendages which in this sex are so frequently broken off. The considerable

number of specimens collected suggests that this insect usually counted quite a rarity,

must be fairly abundant at least in certain localities and at certain seasons.” (p. 226).

Features suggesting wropetala, even those of the immature examples, are that the body

is as dark as in the allotype, the yellow lateral thoracic bands standing out clearly, and

all have traces of greenish or bluish-grey spots on either side on top of frons.

The coloured postnodal clouds on the wings in the Atjeh specimen are definitely

brownish and more extensive than in the allotype from Deli; in all females from the

Mentawei group almost the entire membrane is of a dark yellowish brown tint, deepest

between nodus and pterostigma, but the wing tips beyond the pterostigma remain entirely

hyaline, the limit of the coloured area curving back before meeting the hind margin.

Sep, EN ht Re anal loop 3—4-celled. Mentawei Is.:

111513192927 DZ

Ax 17—21 in fore wings, 11—14 in hind wings; Px 8—9 in fore wings, 9—12 in hind

wings; 2 cross-veins in ¢ of all wings; 0—3 cross-veins in hf of fore wings, 1—2 in hind

wings; anal loop 3-celled (one ex. with only 2 in left hind wing).

In the specimen from Atjeh the dorsum of the tenth tergite is devoid of any denticles,

whereas in all Mentawei insects except one (from Siberut I.) the upper surface of this

segment is strongly denticulate on each side of the median ridge.

The dimensions are: abd. 44.0, hind wing 42.0, pt. fore wing 3.4 mm (Atjeh);

39.0—42.5, 37.5—39.4, 2.6—3.3 mm (Mentawei Is.).

Evidently closely related to O. folzacea, with which it was first confounded, but quite

distinct, the male on close inspection being easily recognised by the shape of the anal

appendages.

Atjeh: nodal index

Oligoaeschna spec. indet. C

Material. — Borneo: 9 (semiad.), W. Borneo, Pontianak, 5.1V.1931, L. Coomans

de Ruiter (ML).

A puzzling insect which I had first thought to be the female of O. folzacea, the shape

of the cerci being very similar in the two. Both are from the same area in West Borneo

but can be told apart by the key characters. It is worth noting that although O. foliacea

has broader wing bases, the present species has a greater number of cells in the anal area.

Distribution. — W. Borneo.

M. A. LIEFTINCK : Oligoaeschna Selys in Southeast Asia 17/5

Oligoaeschna petalura spec. nov.

Fig. 8

Material. — Hainan I: & (holotype, BM), Hainan, Mt. Wuchi, 24.5.03, 1911—

288, Jagoria sp., det. D. E. Kimmins.

A dark-coloured species with rather narrow wings, open venation and a slender, not

spindle-shaped abdomen.

Labium yellow-brown, labrum black, mandible-bases yellowish. Clypeus very dark

reddish brown, postclypeus with linear midbasal stripe of ochraceous-orange, the side-

edges remaining dark brown. Anterior surface of frons rather strongly convex, dorsal

crest hardly indicated, the transition almost rounded; colour deep black marked on either

side above with a transverse yellow stripe placed away from base for about twice its own

breadth and running down parallel to the eye margin almost as far as the fronto-clypeal

suture. Vertex, occipital triangle, rear of the head and all of the pubescence, black.

Synthorax brownish black, almost black; dorsal markings obscured though discernible

as a pair of the usual elongate-oval green antehumeral bands, incomplete above, and a

app. inf.

ventral

Fig. 8. Oligoaeschna petalura spec. nov., 6 holotype from Hainan I.

176 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

pair of transverse oval spots of the same colour placed in front of the ante-alar triangles,

which themselves are black. Sides with two broad, parallel-sided, green (?) meso- and

metepimeral bands, the latter only little narrower than the black space separating them;

latero-ventral border and most of the ventral surface of the thorax black.

Legs, including the femora interiorly, black.

Wings slightly tinged with greyish yellow all over the membrane, bases unmarked.

a LUO ASILO) HALL 2020005 DEP :

Nodal index ——_—__; cross-veins in ¢ —, in hf ——; anal loop 3-celled. Dis-

12.14.15.11 29 22

coidal triangles relatively long, proximal side in fore wing about half as long as costal

side. Area posterior to Cz, in hind wing with moderately distinct, oblique sectors which

enclose rows of four cells at a maximum between Cz, and posterior border; only two

cells between apex of loop and posterior border.

Abdomen shaped and coloured as described in the key, all markings of small size,

though clearly defined. Auricles almost rectangulate, shaped and armed similarly to O.

uropetala spec. nov.

Measurements: abd. + app. 54.0, hind wing 42.5, pt. fore wing 3.0 mm.

Female unknown.

Distribution. — Hainan I.

Immediately distinguished from other tropical species by the leaf-like superior append-

ages, the obscuration of the face, and the almost black ground colour of the body.

Possibly most closely related to O. wropetala spec. nov.

Oligoaeschna amata (Foerster)

Fig. 9

Jagoria amata Foerster, 1903: 1—2 sep. (4 Brunei).

Jagoria poeciloptera Karsch, 1889: 238 (key, 4 Singapore only), 239 (4 Singapore only). —

Martin, 1909: 132—133, fig. 129 (4 app., Borneo only); 1911: 18 (id.).

Oligoaeschna amata: Lieftinck, 1940: 377, 380—381, 384, fig. 16 (4 wing base, Borneo); 1954:

96, 183.

Material. — Borneo: & (lectotype AAM), Brunei, Nord Borneo, Dr. O. Stau-

dinger / Jagoria amata Foerster Type 4 (in F. Förster's writing). 4 (juv., ex alcohol),

Singapore. Jagor. (yellow, unknown hand), 2394 (print), Syntypus (print on red),

Jagoria poeciloptera Karsch 1889, det. K. K. Günther (ZMB). 5 4, Oligoaeschna

poeciloptera Karsch, on green and red labels with suffix Bornéo (3 3 ), S. Borneo ( & )

and Brunnei ( 4 ), all in R. Martin's and Selys’s writings (MP, one 4 in ML). Position

doubtful: 9, Bornéo, no. 95.68, prés. by R. Martin (BM).

A small, slenderly built species. The specimens listed above include not only the O.

amata investigated by me earlier but also one of the two males on which Forster based

his description, this being here selected as the lectotype. An examination of the male

from Singapore, doubtfully referred to Jagoria poeciloptera by Karsch, proves beyond

doubt that this is not the same species as the female from Luzon — of which Karsch

gave a much fuller description — but that it is conspecific with O. amata. After indicating

briefly the wing colour of this male — a spirit specimen in poor condition — Karsch

merely says of it: “Vielleicht eigene Art”. This remark has led me to select the female

M. A. LIEFTINCK : Oligoaeschna Selys in Southeast Asia 177

(app. inf ventral)

AMATA Borneo

(Sarawak)

Fig. 9. Oligoaeschna amata (Foerster), structures of two & from Borneo

178 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

rather than the male as the lectotype of the Philippine species O. poeciloptera (Karsch),

the male of the latter remaining unknown.

Some venational details, taken from 8 males of O. amata, follow.

Neuration open. Ax 16—19 in fore wings, 11—13 in hind wings; Px 7—10 in fore

wings, 9—11 in hind wings; 2 cross-veins in ¢ of all wings; 1—2 cross-veins in hf of

fore wings, 0—2 in hind wings; anal loop 3-celled (in one wing 4 cells).

Structural features of two slightly different males from Borneo are shown in Fig. 9.

The anal appendages of the Singapore specimen are still in good shape and quite similar

to those of the Bornean examples.

Measurements: abd. + app. 41.0—45.0, hind wing 33.4—36.8, pt. fore wing 2.0—

2.4 mm (lectotype 45.0, 36.8, 2.0 mm, respectively).

Female unknown.

(I have not succeeded to find a suitable female for this species. We may expect it to

be very similar to that of O. mutata Lieft. and, like that, to possess uncoloured wings

and a spindle-shaped abdomen).

Distribution. — Borneo and Singapore.

Oligoaeschna mutata Lieftinck

Fig. 6—7

Oligoaeschna mutata Lieftinck, 1940: 381—385, fig. 18 (4 app., Borneo); 1954: 98, 183 (4 9

Borneo).

Material. — Borneo: 4,2 9, E. Borneo, Kutai, Samarinda, 1.1939, M. E. Walsh

(4 holotype), and same area, Sangkulirang distr., Kariorang, 2.1.1937 (® paratype)

and 21.11.1937 (9 allotype), both J. W. Q. de Quarles (ML).

No new material. One of the smallest species known; its main characters are mentioned

in the keys and original description, the figures accompanying the latter being reproduced

in Fig. 6. From its nearest ally, O. amata, the male of mutata can be separated at once

by the slightly less prominent anal angle of the hind wing and also by having the apical

segments of abdomen not at all enlarged or swollen.

In stature and markings the female resembles our spec. indet. A, likewise from East

Borneo, but can be distinguished therefrom by the more open neuration, the presence of

only a single cell-row M4-Mspl and by having the abdomen markedly spindle-shaped.

There are invariably 2 cross-veins in ¢ and in all wings of the types of O. mutata there

is only a single cross-vein in the hypertriangles (ht); this is evidently a variable character

since the formula for the second female is 7a Male: Ax 15—16 in fore wings, 11 in

hind wings; Px 8—9 and 9—10, respectively. Females: Ax 15—17 and 11—14,

respectively; Px 7—9 and 10—11, respectively.

Measurements: 3 abd. + app. 42.5, hind wing 34.0, pt. fore wing 2.0 mm.

Distribution. — Borneo.

Oligoaeschna sumatrana Lieftinck

Fig. 10

Oligoaeschna sumatrana Lieftinck, 1953: 253—255, fig. 8 (4 app. Sumatra); 1954: 98, 184

(4 Sumatra).

Material. — Sumatra: & (holotype, ML), W. Sumatra, Mt. Kerintji (Peak of

Indrapura), Kaju Aro Estate, 1600 m, 30.X.1952, R. Straatman.

M. A. LIEFTINCK : Oligoaeschna Selys in Southeast Asia 179

BUEHRI

holotype Borneo

(app. inf. ventral)

SUMATRANA holotype W. Sumatra

Fig. 10. Oligoaeschna buebri (Foerster), 4 and O. sumatrana Lieft. (after Lieftinck, 1953), not

drawn on the same scale

Known only from the type. Ground colour very dark brown, markings well defined,

probably olive-green during life. Lateral thoracic bands faded and discoloured; legs

reddish brown.

- : Teal Sil Ae EN Au 1822

Neuration open. Nodal index ———; 2 cross-veins in À, — IN ht; anal loop

Sree O29 DD

3-celled. Discoidal triangles relatively short, proximal side in hind wing about 24 length

of costal side. Pterostigma small, brownish ochreous; membranula grey.

180 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

Measurements: abd. + app. 52.5, hind wing 41.0, pt. fore wing 2.4 mm.

Female unknown.

Distribution. — West Sumatra.

Distinguished from all other regional species by the almost parallel-sided segments

5—9 of the abdomen and the simple form of the superior appendages (Fig. 10).

O. sumatrana is the only species known to occur in the mountain region of Malaysia.

Oligoaeschna buehri (Foerster)

Fig. 7 and 10

Jagoria bühri Foerster, 1903: 2 sep. (4 Brunei). — Martin, 1909: 131—132, fig. 128 (3 app,

Brunei); 1911: 18 (id.).

Oligoaeschna bühri: Lieftinck, 1940: 377, 378, 384 (4 key, Borneo); 1953: 255 (4 Sumatra);

1954: 97, 183 (Sumatra, Borneo).

Materia. — Borneo: & (holotype, AAM), Brunei, Nord Borneo, Dr. O. Stau-

dinger / Jagoria Bühri Foerster Type & (in F. Förster's hand). 2 &, Oligoaeschna Bihri

‘Forster, on yellow labels with suffixes Bornéo and Brunnei, in R. Martin’s writing

(MP). 3 & (2 juv.), E. Borneo, Kutai, Tabang, 125 m, Bengen river, 13.X.1956 (1

ad.), id, Kembang Djangut, 75 m, 30.X1.1956 (1 juv.) and Gunungsari, 95 m,

23.VIII.1956 (1 juv.), all A. M. R. Wegner (ML). Sumatra: & (ad.), NE. Sumatra,

Deli, Laut Tador, 90 m, 17.111.1949, R. Straatman, and © (juv., cerci intact), same

locality, 25.VIII.1949, same collector (ML).

The male of this species is easily distinguished from all others of the same group by

the characteristic shape of the 10th abdominal segment and superior appendages, other

features being given in the key. The type, now also before me, is still in good condition

and differs in no way from the other males from Borneo discussed in my last account

(1940) of Malaysian Oligoaeschna. The discovery of a male and female in Sumatra

means an interesting addition to the known range of O. buehri, thus far known only

from Borneo. The female from the same locality corresponds with immature specimens

of the other sex in the shape of its wings and discoidal triangles, the course of the main

veins and their supplements and in the coloration of the body. Although O. wropetala

has been collected also at Laut Tador, I believe the sexes are correctly associated.

The following venational characters are based on the examination of 1 male from

Sumatra and 6 from Borneo. Borneo: Ax 17—20 in fore wing, 12—13 in hind wing;

102182029

rek ); cross-veins in #

IRSA È

Px 8—11 in fore wing, 9—13 in hind wing (holotype:

of fore wing 2 (exceptionally 3), in hind wing na 3 (holotype: al cross-veins in bt

of fore wing 1—2, in hind wing 0.2 (holotype: = cells in anal en, variable (3, 4, 5

SAS AIDE 22 2.2

or even 6; in holotype 3). Sumatra: 210 hi t—; ht —; anal loop 3-celled.

MONKO MEO 2D 1002:

Dimensions. Borneo: abd. + app. 44.2—48.3, hind wing 34.5—41.3, pt. fore wing

2.1—2.3 mm (holotype: 44.2, 34.5, 2.0 mm, respectively); Sumatra: 48.5, 37.4, 2.3 mm.

Distribution. — Borneo and Sumatra.

M. A. LIEFTINCK : Oligoaeschna Selys in Southeast Asia 181

Oligoaeschna spec. indet. D

Material. — Borneo: 9 (juv.), Br. N. Borneo, Dent Province, Mt. Marapok,

coll. G., with label in R. Martin’s writing: Jagoria poeciloptera Karsch 9 (ML).

Previously referred by me to O. amata with some misgivings. It can not, however, be

identical with that species because of the different venation. The vein M, in both fore

and hind wings of the present specimen is only slightly bent whereas in the wings of

O. amata the distal half of this vein has a distinctly wavy course. The more strongly

curved Cu, and Czy, the shorter discoidal triangles, as well as the broad anal fields also

separate this female from O. amata.

Distribution. — NW. Borneo.

Oligoaeschna venatrix (Foerster)

Fig. 11

Jagoria venatrix Foerster, 1903: 2—3 sep. (4 Insel Buton südlich Celebes). — Martin, 1909:

133—134, fig. 130 (& app., Buton); 1911: 18.

Material. — Buton I: 4 (holotype, AAM), Insel Buton südl. Celebes, Rolle vdt.

1903 / Jagoria venatrix Foerster. Type, both labels in F. Förster's writing. Celebes:

4, Central Celebes, Luwu distr., Masamba, Lamasi, “forest marsh’, 8.IV.1941, L. L. A.

Maurenbrecher (ML); @ (intact), West Celebes, Masimbah near Polewali, 500 m,

18.III.1940, J. J. van der Starre (ML).

Male. — Mouth parts and face ochraceous-orange to dark brown, all of the wrinkled

anterior surface of frons including the crest brownish black to black, as are also the vertex,

occipital triangle and rear of the head. Thoracic markings arranged as in the Malaysian

species, the green lateral bands relatively less broad, narrower than the interspace; vestiges

only of a subcircular superior spot and an elongate inferior streak of the same colour,

placed in line on the metepisternum.

32131839 8.18.19.10

10.14.12.10 ED 11.12.14.12

(Celebes); 2 cross-veins in ¢ of all wings (both males), only 1 in At of all wings (type,

Venation open. Nodal indices

5 Dal: ;

Buton), or (Celebes); Bxs 7 (type, Buton) or 0. (Celebes). Only 2 cells between

apex of 3-celled anal loop and posterior border of hind wing. Anal angle almost acute,

distinctly protuberant, the posterior margin of the wing being slightly concave between

anal angle and widest part of wing at level of main fork.

Auricles yellow, subtriangular in outline but not very prominent, armed posteriorly

with rows of more than 20 minute, closely set, recurved black denticles. Pale spots on

segments 1—2 bright green, the elongate basolateral blotches of 3—9 ill-defined,

ochreous brown, occupying about one-third the length of segments and apparent also on

the ventral surfaces of the tergites.

The type is an aged individual, generally darker than the one from Celebes, but other-

wise the two males resemble each other closely except for the slightly different shape of

the appendages, which are here figured for both (Fig. 11). It will be seen that the

superiors of the male from Celebes are decidedly longer than they are in the Buton

182 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

.Celebes

Celebes

sight

interior

Celebes

2 cercus

Fig. 11. Oligoaeschna venatrix (Foerster), 6 holotype from Buton I. and &® from Celebes.

Scale line — 5 mm. Corresponding figures on the same scale

specimen. Only a single example from either locality being known I do not venture to

say whether this difference is due to individual variation or the formation of geographical

subspecies.

Female (immature). — Conforms with the male in most respects, though unfortunately

the abdominal segments, with the exception of the basal ones, are compressed and

M. A. LIEFTINCK : Oligoaeschna Selys in Southeast Asia 183

deformed by pressure. The ground colour of the body is lighter and the pale markings

on nearly all abdominal segments have not yet developed their full colours. Mouth-parts

and face brown, rest of the head as described in the key. Dorsal thoracic spots green,

lateral bands sharply defined, bright yellow; no traces of metepisternal pale spots. Legs

reddish brown, all femora obscured apically.

Wings as described, basal part more densely reticulated than in male. Nodal index

Melk Holy YS} N. 2.1 2a

ZO} 2 cross-veins in #; ht —; Bxs — ; anal loop 4-celled.

10212155141 Mell Dal

Cerci exceedingly long, shaped as in Fig. 11; dentigerous plate compressed and unfit

for figuring but resembling that of all Malaysian species in having a row of irregularly

placed marginal spines.

Measurements: 4 abd. + app. 52.2 (48.0 + 4.2), hind wing 42.0, pt. fore wing

3.0 mm (holotype, Buton); 53.0 (48.3 + 4.7), 43.5, 3.0 mm, respectively (Celebes);

Q 43.0 + 10.7, 44.3, 3.2 mm, respectively.

À very remarkable species, previously known only from the type collected in the island

of Buton, off southeast Celebes, but presently reported also from continental Celebes.

O. venatrix is the only member of its genus known to occur east of Wallace’s Line and

south of Mindanao. It has no near allies, differing from its congeners chiefly with

regard to stature, abdominal markings and peculiar shape of appendages. In these respects

the species deviates more from the Malaysian and Philippine species than the latter differ

among themselves. By its long appendages the male of O. venatrix is somewhat reminis-

cent of Linaeschna polli Martin, from Borneo. However, in spite of the rather unusual

colour-pattern of the body as compared with that of others in the O. poeciloptera group,

venatrix is a true Oligoaeschna. The female possesses very long cerci, like those of all

remaining species occurring in tropical countries. It was taken by hand while at rest,

suspended on a branch among foliage, but nothing else is known of its habits.

Distribution. — Celebes; Buton I. (terr. typ.).

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301, figs.

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—_ 1956. Odonata of Ryukyu Archipelago. 1. Odonata from Yakusima and Tanegasima. Bull.

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———, 1958. Discovery and a description of the larval exuvia of Oligoaeschna pryeri Martin.

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Fraser, F. C., 1922. Indian dragonflies. XIII. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 28: 611—620, 5 figs.

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Hirayama, S., 1929. Odonata in Fauna Musashinensis, Tokyo 1: 12—21, photos.

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239 (publ. 1 Aug. 1889).

, 1891. Kritik des Systems der Aeschniden. Entom. Nachrichten 17: 273—290.

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TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968

Above:

Oligoaeschna decorata spec. nov., 2 holotype from Shillong, Assam.

Oligoaeschna poeciloptera (Karsch), 9 lectotype from Luzon, P.I

PLAAT

Below:

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 5, 1968 PLAAT 13

Above: Oligoaeschna venusta spec. nov., 3 holotype from E. Borneo. — Below: Oligoaeschna

modiglianii Selys, & holotype from Nias Island, left fore wing and right hind wing

DEEL 111 AFLEVERING 6 1968

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EES

NE ne ee

REVISION OF THE NOMINATE SUBGENUS SCELIPHRON

LATREILLE (HYM., SPHECIDAE)

(STUDIES ON THE SCELIPHRONINI, PART I)

J. VAN DER VECHT 1) and F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL 2)

ABSTRACT

This first part of a revision of the sphecid genus Sceliphron sensu Kohl (1918) deals with 18

species, arranged in two species groups; the third group of Sceliphron s. str. as now restricted by

the exclusion of Chalybion Dahlbom and Hemichalybion Kohl is raised to subgeneric rank (Pro-

sceliphron van der Vecht, subg. nov.; type species Sc. coromandelicum (Lep.)). The paper is to be

regarded as a supplement of Kohl’s revision; it contains keys to the species and subspecies, detailed

information on some previously overlooked characters and accounts and maps of the distribution.

The confused synonymy of the two African species of the madraspatanum-group is unravelled. The

Cuban species Sc. argentifrons (Cress.) is regarded as different from Sc. fasciatum (Lep.) inhabiting

Hispaniola and Guadeloupe; Sc. /ucae (Sauss.) is treated as a subspecies of Sc. jamaicense (F.).

Three new subspecies are described: Sc. madraspatanum formosanum van der Vecht, Sc. javanum

chinense van Breugel, and Sc. laetum maindroni van der Vecht.

CONTENTS

Introduction De de 187

Generic and brani divisions PE CP On Oe, ARR TL AIO

Subgenus Sceliphron Latreille . . . . > CORTE. TR er

Group of Sceliphron oi Œ) >, SSCS SE ne ee ned

Old World species. . . EN en els

Sc. madraspatanum (E). » 2 feti, CN IC)

sr ARITUAERSS (Sint) ene OR CR nn PES

Hirgsartmae (Gib) SERRE Cr e ee, Ce NES a AD

revfossUliferim.(Grib.) N de IA

New World species. . . EE eee bos re ele ZI

Sc. caementarium (Drum) NEEN ee ed Bue hah 222

Same (Dahl He es IS

IRVASIALICUNZA (TS) JAT REEN PEER Dee WT OENE BEAN II TT 22

ual fasciatime (Lepere dr ca eee ae Pre vem ede Be 228

SAL LERTIITORS CESSE) Las GAS ole ANR mat EN 220

Ra AMTAL CONS CES) EC RE CEE N RDD

AN onl ACEA EEE) RE ed RE A ag

Groupmolmsceliphrons Pirie AE) EE EE 230

Scarab sm (EDI EE Ae EE A A 235

Dies chan RON acs. RER RE vn. eene. RE 00235

= DENTE DIET AN NEN) lee ch TORRES Le MEE NE 237,

NUIT NUS MER AN a, Be 2738

TER EP NON, Ar ERD ENNE ie do O 1239

Pea (avandia (Lepsyite see ta REP MED ADEME TEE MDO

„ laetum (Sm.) . . Se DIA NR ERN 272610)

Po en Dani IB Oe ae re A es D 0252

Titeraturer me Vo: AraC ROP Le A ee «Ne ZIA

1) Dept. of Systematic Zoology, Univ. of Leiden, c/o Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie,

Raamsteeg, Leiden.

2) Dept. of Genetics, c/o Zoological Laboratory of the Univ. of Leiden, Kaiserstraat, Leiden.

185

186 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

Fig. 1. Sceliphron (Sceliphron) fistularium (Dahlb.), $ (Suriname, Kayser Airstrip) (3.7 X)

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL: Subgenus Sceliphron 187

INTRODUCTION

This paper deals with two groups of wasps which have been called the “madraspata-

num-group and the “spirifex-group” in a preliminary communication by the senior

author (Van der Vecht, 1961). The most recent revision of these insects is to be found

in Kohl’s monograph “Die natürliche Gattung Sceliphron Klug”, published exactly fifty

years ago. In this work the species discussed below were treated by Kohl as members of

a subgenus Pelopoeus Latreille (correctly called Scelzphron s. str.), together with a number

of species which in 1961 were placed in the “coromandelicum-group” and for which

now a subgenus is erected. The genus Sceliphron sensu Kohl also included the subgenera

Chalybion Dahlbom and Hemichalybion Kohl, which are now regarded as separate

genera. The senior author hopes to revise these latter taxa in the near future.

Although Kohl’s work is now out of date, it is still a valuable tool for the study of

these wasps. As its main shortcomings we may mention: (1) Kohl’s material of the Indo-

Australian species was rather incomplete, (2) he paid insufficient attention to the

relationship of the species and to the geographic variation within some of the species,

and (3) he underestimated the taxonomic value of certain characters, particularly the

structure of the terminal sternite and the genitalia of the male (Kohl, 1918: 8, wrote:

“die Genitalklappen der Sceliphrone weisen keine artliche Mannigfaltigkeit auf und

dürften bei der Artunterscheidung kaum je von Wert sein”). In the present paper we

have therefore paid special attention to these subjects. Furthermore we found it necessary

to change the status of a few forms treated by Kohl as distinct species, to correct some

errors in the identification of species described by previous authors, and to present the

available information on the distribution of the species and subspecies in a more con-

venient manner. Yet our work is to be regarded as a supplement to Kohl’s monograph,

and the two revisions should therefore be used together.

It is of interest to note that since the publication of Kohl’s work no new species of

the subgenus Sceliphron have been discovered. Since only one of the species is really rare

in collections and exclusively known in the female sex, and since most of the species are

more or less widely distributed and rather conspicuous insects, the discovery of additional

species seems very unlikely. And although it is true that some parts of the world have

not yet been sufficiently explored in this respect, it is evident that our knowledge of the

distribution is sufficiently complete to serve as a firm base for conclusions on the zoogeo-

graphy of this group. It is particularly for this reason that we have attempted to sum-

marize the available data on distribution in some maps.

Since the appearance of Kohl’s revision, some of the species discussed below have

been dealt with in studies on a regional basis. Thus Porter (1926) published a paper on

the American species of the genus Scelzphron (s. str.), and Bohart and Menke treated

the North American species in their valuable reclassification of the Sphecinae (1963).

Arnold (1928) discussed the African species in his well-known monograph of the

Sphecoidea of South Africa; in 1955 Leclercq summarized our knowledge of the species

of this region in an important study of the African Sphecinae. These papers should be

consulted for additional information on the American and African species.

As we have now studied extensive collections from the Indo-Australian area, it seems

to us that particularly further collecting in southwestern Asia is likely to yield important

results. In any case it is here that the unknown male of Sceliphron pietschmanni Kohl

will eventually be discovered. With regard to the bionomics of the various species,

188 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

important work on such topics as nest construction, prey selection, parasites, etc. is still

to be done in many areas. It is intended to discuss this subject in a future paper in this

series.

The material used for this study is preserved in the collections of the following

museums and private entomologists.

AMNH = American Museum of Natural History, New York, U.S.A.

BISH = Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S.A.

BM — British Museum (Natural History), London, England.

BPI = Bureau of Plant Industry, Manila, Philippines.

CAS = California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, Calif., U.S.A.

CNHM = Chicago Natural History Museum, Chicago, Ill., U.S.A.

CU = Cornell University, Dept. of Entomology, Ithaca, N.Y., U.S.A.

DEI = Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Eberswalde, East Germany.

IRSNB = Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles, Brussels, Belgium.

KU = University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kans., U.S.A.

KVK = coll. Dr. Karl V. Krombein, c/o U.S. National Museum, Washington D.C.,

U.S.A.

LAM = Los Angeles County Museum, Los Angeles, Calif., U.S.A.

MBUD = Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary.

MCG = Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Genova, Italy.

MCZ = Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A.

MHNG = Musée d’Histoire Naturelle, Geneva, Switzerland.

ML = Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden, Netherlands.

MP = Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.

MR = Natuurhistorisch Museum, Rotterdam, Netherlands.

MT = Museo di Zoologia della Universita, Torino, Italy.

MZB = Museum Zoologicum, Bogor, Indonesia.

NMB = Naturhistorisches Museum, Basel, Switzerland.

NMSR = National Museum of S. Rhodesia, Causeway, Rhodesia.

NMW = Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria.

NRS = Naturhistoriska Riksmuseum, Stockholm, Sweden.

OUM = Oxford University Museum, Oxford, England.

PV = coll. P. M. F. Verhoeff, Den Dolder, Netherlands.

UMMZ = University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology, Ann. Arbor, Mich., U.S.A.

USNM = United States National Museum, Washington D.C., U.S.A.

UZMC = Universitetets Zoologiske Museum, Copenhagen, Denmark.

WAM = Western Australian Museum, Perth, W. Australia.

ZMB = Zoologisches Museum der Humboldt-Universitàt, Berlin, East Germany.

We are greatly indebted to the authorities and hymenopterists of the various museums

as well as to the owners of private collections for enabling us to study the material in

their care. Our special thanks are due to Dr. Delfa Guiglia, Genoa, who with the

cooperation of Dr. U. Parenti in Turin helped us to solve the problem of the identity of

Pelopoeus fasciatus Lepeletier.

In 1963 Dr. Karl V. Krombein, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, kindly took the

trouble to concentrate much material, preserved in several American museums, in the

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 189

U.S. National Museum, thus greatly facilitating the study of these specimens by the

senior author during a stay in Washington, D.C.1).

For preparing the drawings illustrating this paper the authors have been assisted by

Mr. W. Bergmans, formerly Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie (Fig. 2—4) and

Mr. H. Heijn, Dept. of Systematic Zoology, University of Leiden (Fig. 1, 9, 16, 17,

19, 24); the junior author made the drawings for Fig. 5—7, 10—12, 20—23, and

25—27; the senior author is responsible for the remaining ones.

The literature references at the end of the paper are restricted to some papers which

have appeared during the last half century; for earlier publications we refer to Kohl,

1918. A comprehensive bibliography will be withheld for the final part.

Hemichalybion

eckloni (Dahlb.)

Katanga, Congo

Chalybion

bengalense (Dahlb.)

New Guinea

Hemichalybion

femoratum (F.)

ON. re Zi

ANS I

DS i 1) i

LR Arrr

\ pol {

iW! hen |

N )

NE NE eg 4 7

Ni È N iil \

Sceliphron Sceliphron Sceliphron

(Prosceliphron) (Sceliphron) (Sceliphron)

bruijnii Cam. madraspatanum (F.) javanum (Lep.)

New Guinea Sumba Bangka

Fig. 2. Terminal sternite of the male of some Sceliphronini

1) The investigations on the American material were supported by a grant from the National Science

Foundation (no. GB-660 (201D-308)).

190 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

Sceliphron

(Prosceliphron)

bruijnii Cam.

Hemichalybion Chalybion

, femoratum (F) bengalense (Dahlb.)

Hemichalybion

eckloni (Dahlb.)

Sceliphron

(Sceliphron)

javanum (Lep)

Sceliphron

(Sceliphron)

madraspatanum (EF)

Fig. 3. Ventral view of male genitalia of some Sceliphronini (cf. Fig. 4)

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 191

Sceliphron

(Prosceliphron)

bruijnii Cam.

New Guinea

Chalybion Hemichalybion

bengalense (Dahlb.) femoratum (F)

New Guinea Iran

Hemichalybion

eckloni (Dahlb.)

Katanga, Congo

Sceliphron Sceliphron

(Sceliphron) (Sceliphron)

madraspatanum (F) arabs (Lep) javanum (Lep.)

Sumba Azerbaydzhan Bangka

Fig. 4. Dorsal view of male genitalia of some Sceliphronini

192 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

GENERIC AND SUBGENERIC DIVISIONS

Several early authors, including Patton (1880), Ritsema (1880), Radoszkowski

(1891), and Pérez (1905), have regarded Chalybion as a separate genus. Kohl was

generally inclined to recognize rather large genera, and this may have been one of the

reasons why he did not accept this view. There are moreover some special difficulties

connected with the recognition of Chalybion as a group of generic rank. One of these

is the position of the species placed by Kohl in the subgenus Hemichalybion, a group

which is restricted to the Ethiopian and Oriental regions, and which was regarded by

Kohl as transitional between Chalybion and Sceliphron.

The Old World authors (Arnold, de Beaumont, Guiglia, Yasumatsu) have generally

accepted Kohl’s classification, but Leclercq (1955) and most American authors (Pate,

Porter, Rau) have treated Chalybion as a separate genus. These latter workers were

probably insufficiently acquainted with the Hemichalybion species to appreciate the dif-

ficulties arising from the intermediate position of this group. Leclercq solved the problem

by treating Hemichalybion as a subgenus of Sceliphron (excl. Chalybion), but it seems

very well possible that Hemichalybion is more closely related to Chalybion than to

Sceliphron s. str.

In his provisional review of the group the senior author (Van der Vecht, 1961) adopted

Kohl’s classification and considered these groups as subgenera. In the present paper,

however, we have followed Bohart and Menke (1963) who regard the group under

discussion as comprising three genera (Chalybion, Hemichalybion and Sceliphron).

Partly we do this for the sake of uniformity, for the rather generally adopted splitting

up of the old genus Spex into a number of genera requires a corresponding treatment

of Sceliphron s.l. In addition, it has proved desirable to divide Sceliphron s. str. into two

subgenera, differing in morphological as well as in ethological characters; yet these sub-

genera appear to be more closely related inter se than they are to Chalybion and Hemi-

chalybion. These relationships are best expressed by giving the latter groups generic rank.

The genus Sceliphron, as it is now restricted by the exclusion of Chalybion and

Hemichalybion, may be subdivided as follows:

1. Terminal gastral sternite of 9 rather sharply keeled. Lower half of inner eye-margins

almost parallel. Terminal tergite of & with pygostyles. Second submarginal cell

anteriorly wider than the third. Mandibles without tooth on inner side. Thorax dull,

finely sculptured; metapleura finely granulate or transversely striate, dull .

i Prosceliphron van der Vecht, subgen. nov.

(type species: Sceliphron coromandelicum (Lepeletier) )

— Terminal gastral sternite of @ slightly convex, rarely feebly keeled. Lower half of

inner eye-margins distinctly converging towards the clypeus. Terminal tergite of ¢

without pygostyles. If the second submarginal cell is anteriorly wider than the third,

the mandibles of the 9 have as a rule a distinct tooth on inner side. Thorax in the

Old World species less dull, particularly the metapleura distinctly shiny (in the

New World species finely granulate)... . „2.2.0.2 Sceliphron™seistreme2

2. Hind coxae normal or somewhat swollen, rounded on outer side. Inner side of

mandibles with a more or less distinct tooth. . . . . madraspatanum-group

— Hind coxae swollen on outer side, as seen from above or below distinctly angular.

Mandibles simple, except in Sc. arabs (which is distinguished by the bituberculate

scutellum). Sides of propodeum in most species more sharply and coarsely striate

than in the madraspatanum-group . » 2 22 un SPIA LOUD

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 193

In addition to the group characters discussed and figured at a previous occasion (Van

der Vecht, 1961) we publish here some drawings of the terminal sternite and the

genitalia of one or two males of each of the subdivisions of the old genus Sceliphron

sensu Kohl (Fig. 2—4). They illustrate the high degree of similarity of the terminal

sternite of Chalybion and Hemichalybion, and also show that in both these groups the

rounded, sometimes strongly swollen, apex of the aedeagus is armed with a complete

row of denticles. As stated in 1961, such denticles are also present in the species of the

“coromandelicum-group” (= subgenus Prosceliphron). However, the conclusion that

they are lacking in most of the other species of Sceliphron needs correction: it can now

be said that the species of both the groups of Sceliphron s. str. show a tendency towards

reduction of the denticles, as a rule associated with the formation of an apical tooth

pointing in lateral direction.

SuBGENUS Sceliphron LATREILLE

A. Group of Sceliphron madraspatanum (E.)

Male genitalia: Fig. 5—7; pubescence of parameres usually short, but rather long in

some insular species (intrudens, fasciatum); distal part of aedeagus (Fig. 7) with a row

of teeth which may be more or less reduced, the apex bent in lateral direction to a varying

degree, in the Old World species the apical part distinctly swollen and armed with a

sharp tooth pointing in lateral direction; pubescence of volsellar cuspis very short in the

African species; volsellar digitus rounded at apex on inner side in the Old World species

(Fig. 8), here more or less angular in the American species, in which this part also shows

greater specific differences (Fig. 14).

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE madraspatanum-GROUP

1. Mesepisternum more or less coarsely punctate, the interspaces in some species with

microscopically fine puncturation, but not distinctly rugose; the mesepisternum thus

as a rule shiny and usually more so than the striate sides of the propodeum.

Mesepisternum with or without yellow mark beneath the tegulae. — Old World

— Mesepisternum distinctly rugose between the punctures, dull, not more shiny than the

sides of the propodeum. Mesepisternum always with yellow mark beneath the tegulae.

So News ord Cal Sate | See OR i Aes e O I

2. Tegulae marked with yellow; yellow markings on other parts of the body very

variable (Fig. 10—12). Erect hairs of thorax yellowish-grey or whitish. — Medi-

terranean area to China and New Guinea. . . . madraspatanum (Fabricius)

— Tegulae brown or black, very rarely yellow in the African Sc. quartinae. Erect hairs

of thorax often&darkesti. 27 . . 3

3. Antennal scape orange-yellow anteriorly. Clypeus of 4 produced anteriorly, depth

of incision between the two rather sharp teeth equal to about 10% of interocular

distance at the clypeus. Robust species with yellowish wings, superficially resembling

Sc. javanum. Length @ 22—26 mm. — Celebes. . . . . zntrudens (Smith)

— Antennal scape rusty brown or black. Anterior margin of clypeus of ¢ bluntly

bidentate. Smaller species; length 9 16—22 mm. — Ethiopian region. . . 4

4. Hind coxae moderately convex at base on outer side (Fig. 13c). Pronotal collar

relatively long, the anterior face not falling steeply away from the dorsal face (Fig.

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

194

caementarium

jamaicense

asiaticum

madraspatanum

fossuliferum

assimile

Fig. 5. Ventral view of male genitalia of species of the madraspatanum-group (cf. Fig. 6)

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 195

caementarium

California

AOP

mn... N TRIO

Bu RS

jamaicense

Hispaniola

asiaticum

Argentina

| fasciatum

Hispaniola

madraspatanum fossuliferum

N.E.Rhodesia

assimile

Mexico

intrudens

Celebes

Fig. 6. Dorsal view of male genitalia of species of the madraspatanum-group

196 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

madraspatanum

Palawan

intrudens fossuliferum

California

asiaticum assimile jamaicense fasciatum

Argentina Mexico Hispaniola Hispaniola

Fig. 7. Inner side of left half of aedeagus of species of the madraspatanum-group

Celebes At sien on caementarium

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 197

13a, b), the latter without a median impression. Sides of pronotum dull, very finely

and closely striate, and rather densely punctate. Fore and mid tibiae yellow, the latter

with at most a small brownish spot at apex. Body slender; wings with yellowish

tinge; pubescence brownish. . . . . . quartinae (Gribodo)

Hind coxae, as seen from above, bre les. at base on outer side (Fig. 13e).

Pronotal collar short, the anterior face falling more or less steeply away from the

dorsal face (Fig. 13d), the latter with a distinct median impression. Sides of

propodeum rather shiny, more coarsely and less closely striate, and with fewer

punctures. Mid tibiae at least with brown or black mark on apical fourth, in certain

forms fore and mid tibiae mainly or entirely black. Body stouter; wings hyaline to

pale brownish; pubescence as a rule mainly black . à

fossuliferum (Gribodo) = ee a)

: Tenue black. Lee Deck ih or without a yellow streak on the fore tibiae. Anterior

portion of clypeus of & short, its anterior margin truncate or very shallowly

emarginate in the middle (Fig. 18) . . . Mr MO

Tegulae yellow. Legs with extensive yellow nia) ii magia of clypeus

of & more or less distinctly bilobate (Fig. 15, 18). . . . SCAN ET

. Antennae rather stout; scape strongly swollen (Fig. 18). Lower pari of yellow area

of mesepisternum as seen from behind, regularly and moderately convex. Transverse

striae of propodeum regular and sharply defined, the interspaces smooth and shiny,

not distinctly punctate; near the base the striae straight or only slightly arcuate.

Yellow band of pronotum well developed, only narrowly interrupted in the middle.

Fore tibiae of & black or with small yellow spot at the base. — Hispaniola;

Guadeloupe . . . . fasciatum (Lepeletier)

Antennae normal (Ge 18). over fae of le area of mesepisternum, as seen

from behind, slightly bulging and prominent. Transverse striae of propodeum

irregular and somewhat farther apart, the interspaces superficially and rugosely

punctate; near the base the striae distinctly arcuate. Yellow band of pronotum some-

times rather widely interrupted in the middle and abbreviated laterally. Fore tibiae

of & with yellow stripe (?always). — Cuba. . . . . argentifrons (Cresson)

. Pronotum on each side with yellow spot beneath the dorsal yellow band (reduced

or absent in some specimens from the Bahamas). Second and third antennal segments

more or less extensively marked with yellowish-brown. Hind trochanter yellow.

Gastral tergites with yellow or testaceous band at apical margin. . . 8

Sides of pronotum black. At least the third antennal segment black. First fect

tergite usually more or less yellow, the following segments black. . . . . 9

. Apical bands of gastral tergites broad, brownish-yellow. Trochanter of fore and mid

legs yellow. Femora entirely aa Gastral petiole yellow to reddish. — Lower

California; ?N.W. Mexico. . . . . jamaicense lucae (Saussure)

Apical bands of gastral tergites narrow. ereen of fore and mid legs black.

Gastral petiole black with es line on ventral side. — Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola;

Bahamas . . . jamaicense jamaicense (Fabricius)

. Hind tibiae ci Di alle ring at pase: hind tarsi partly yellow. Clypeus of 4

rather broadly, but very shallowly emarginate anteriorly (Fig. 15). Propodeum in the

forms with black petiole as a rule without yellow spots at the base. — North

America; Lesser Antilles; accidentally introduced into many islands in the Pacific

Ocean, and into Madeira, Japan, and perhaps Peru. . . caementarium (Drury)

198

10.

Fig.

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

Hind tibiae entirely black, or with yellow spot or line of variable size on inner side

at base, the basal part at least with a dark line on outer side. Anterior margin of

ClypeusRo Wölrditferenn wen . LO

Clypeus of & with two small ac narrow Kolben, she incision een du: lobes

shallow, from 4 to 7% of the interocular distance at the clypeus (Fig. 15). Hind

less pronounced than in the 3. Propodeum on each side with basal yellow spot.

Genitalia of 4 : Fig. 5—6. — Central America, from Mexico to Costa Rica; Texas;

?Panama; Cuba; Jamaica. . . . . assimile (Dahlbom)

Clypeus of & variable, the teeth be like or more or Ta sharply pointed, but the

incision between them always deeper than in assimile (from 8 to 22% of the inter-

ocular distance at the clypeus). Yellow streak on inner side of hind tibiae often small

or absent. Genitalia of &: Fig. 5—6. — South America, also in Panama .

asiaticum (L.) (= figulum Dahlb.)

madraspatanum

7 fossuliferum

quartinae

° C

8. Approximate distribution of the madraspatanum-group in the Old World, with figures of

the volsella of each species (cf. Fig. 14)

1. Old World species

In the Old World this group is represented by four closely related species (Fig. 8),

VIZ.

one species which is distributed from the Mediterranean area to New Guinea, one

which is restricted to Celebes, and two inhabitants of Africa south of the Sahara.

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 199

Sceliphron (Sceliphron) madraspatanum (Fabricius) (Fig. 3—12)

In his monograph Kohl (1918) treated the Palaearctic Sc. tubifex (Latreille) and the

Oriental Sc. madraspatanum (Fabricius) as different species, although he said to be

convinced that the two forms are not specifically distinct. As we have not found any valid

reasons for maintaining this separation, Sc. tubifex is here regarded as a subspecies of the

widely distributed and variable Sc. madraspatanum.

The variability is particularly expressed in the extent of the yellow markings. The

darkest form is the “variety andamanica Kohl” (Fig. 10), occurring in the Andaman

and Nicobar Islands; the most extensive yellow markings are shown by populations in-

habiting the extreme western part of the Oriental region (subsp. pictum Smith, Fig. 10).

In other parts of the extensive range various intermediate patterns can be observed. In

some areas (or localities) the pattern is fairly homogeneous, in others specimens belonging

to a single population may be found to vary between rather wide limits.

A satisfactory description of the variation of the species throughout its range is there-

fore by no means a simple matter.

After a detailed study of the available material we have come to the conclusion that it

is possible to distinguish a number of more or less clearly defined subspecies. With a

single exception, all of these have in the past been described as different species, sub-

species or varieties, so that names for them are available. The typical patterns of these

subspecies are shown in Fig. 10. It may be noted that in some cases the patterns of

populations living in widely separated parts of the range are extremely similar (tubifex

and conspicillatum, kohli and sutteri). The areas inhabited by the subspecies vary

considerably in size and cannot be defined exactly. Partly this is because material from

critical localities (or areas) is lacking, but even more important is the fact that the data

give strong indications for the existence of a broad zone of intergradation wherever two

subspecies are not separated by an important barrier (Fig. 9).

The presence of populations which are transitional between neighbouring subspecies,

as well as the frequent occurrence of aberrant specimens of some of the subspecies, make

it impossible to construct a key which would cover all the variations of the colour pattern

occurring in nature. We have therefore restricted the following key to the typical patterns

of the forms recognized here as subspecies. It should be stated expressly that the main

purpose of this key is the arrangement of the more important differences between these

forms in a convenient manner.

Key to the subspecies of Sceliphron madraspatanum (Fabr.) (compare Fig. 10—12)

1. Mesepisternum black, sometimes with more or less reduced yellow mark below the

tegulae. Scutellum and propodeum typically without yellow markings. . . . 2

— Mesepisternum with yellow mark below the tegulae. . . . . . . . . 3

2. Pronotum with narrowly interrupted yellow band; postscutellum with yellow band. —

Southern India and Ceylon to Indonesia. . . . . . madraspatanum (Fabr.)

— Pronotum and postscutellum black. — Andaman and Nicobar Islands .

È, Saigon aaa pr andamanicum Kohl

Pio pode black SERRE PR IR TR

LSS)

200 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

— Propodeum typically with yellow markings (sometimes more or less reduced, or

ADSENE) WMP MRR nen Pe) bilie Maira EE ee eo 5

4, Inhabitants of Japan and China (southward to Indo- China). Scutellum as a rule

black. Second segment of hind tarsi often yellowish or brownish . kohli Sickmann

— Inhabitants of Formosa. Scutellum with large yellow spot .

formosanum van der Vecht, aren. n.

_- i of Saba (and neighbouring Lesser Sunda Islands). Scutellum black or

with small yellow spot. Second segment of hind tarsi black . sztterz van der Vecht

5. Dorsum of propodeum with large yellow marks, confluent with large yellow mark

on declivity. — Turkmenia to West Pakistan. . . . . . . . pictum Smith

— Yellow spots on dorsum of propodeum, if present, separated from the spots on the

6. Scape of antennae brownish to black. Pronotum without yellow spot on each side

below the yellow band. Striation on sides of propodeum anteriorly almost reaching

the groove between propodeum and metapleuron; the striae often almost horizontal.

—— Mediterranean area . .. . mus ste ra ela crapratrclle

— Scape of antennae more or less yellowish beneath (anteriorly). Pronotum sometimes

with yellow spot on each side below the yellow band. Close to the groove between

propodeum and metapleuron the striation is almost obsolete, the anterior margin of

the sides of the propodeum being smooth and shiny; the striae distinctly oblique.

Puncturation of mesepisternum slightly finer and sparser than in ##bifex. — Philip-

pine Islands; New Guinea to Solomon Islands. . . . conspicillatum (Costa)

Sceliphron madraspatanum tubifex (Latreille)

Sphex spirifex Linné, var. B; Rossi, 1790, Fauna Etrusca 2: 61, Pl. 2 F. 13 — Tuscany, Italy.

Pelopoeus tubifex Latreille, 1809, Gen. Crust. et Insect. 4: 61 — no locality given; based on

Rossi’s figure and on material received from M. Spinola.

Pelopoeus pectoralis Dahlbom, 1845, Hym. Eur. 1: 434 — “Europ. merid., Dufour, v. Heyden”

(type from St. Sever, South France, in Mus. Lund).

Pelopoeus transcaspicus Radoszkowski, 1886, Hor. Soc. ent. Ross. 20: 24 — “Askhabad ou ses

environs” (Mus. Krakow).

Sceliphron tubifex; Kohl, 1918, Annin naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 103 (p.p.).

Sceliphron madraspatanum tubifex; Gussakovskij, 1938, Ark. Zool. 30 (15): 4 (“die westasiatische

und mediterrane Subspecies”).

This form is widely distributed in the Mediterranean area, but in most places — or

perhaps everywhere — it is less common than Sc. destillatorium and Sc. spirifex. The

range as shown in Fig. 9 is mainly based on the records published by de Beaumont,

Giner Mari, Grandi, Kohl, Morice, Pulawski and others; it is noteworthy that we have

not found the species recorded from the Balearic Islands, Corsica, Sardinia, Malta,

Rhodes, Libya, and Egypt.

The eastern limit of the range is uncertain, as we have seen only few specimens from

Southwest Asia. If we have correctly placed Sc. transcaspicum (Rad.) in the synonymy

of Sc. tubifex, this subspecies will probably meet Sc. madraspatanum pictum at

approximately 60° E.

201

Subgenus Sceliphron

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL :

Ca) wnurpdspipru ‘35 JO

N winueyedse spew

Unen ordsuo5

umueso won

ee I 0

C4,

wnuejed

Seipeui

somadsqns ay} Jo vornqrnsip syewrxorddy ‘6 ‘Sid

202 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

madraspatanum

pictum Coimbatore,

Karachi,

Pakistan

sutteri

Waikarundi,

Sumba à

madraspatanum

(dark)

E.Borneo

andamanicum mecrespsianum conspicillatum

icob Te trans.to os Banos

Tai Conspicillatum) Iuzon,Phil.Is.y

Kudat,N.Borneo“ i

Fig. 10. Colour pattern (black, with yellow markings) of the subspecies of Sc. madraspatanum (F.);

mesepisternum drawn separately

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL: Subgenus Sceliphron 203

Sceliphron madraspatanum pictum (Smith)

Pelopoeus pictus Smith, 1856, Cat. Hym. Brit. Mus. 4: 231, 4 — “India”, coll. W. W. Saunders

(OUM).

?Sceliphron pictum; Turner, 1917, Mem. Dept. Agric., Ent. Series 5 (4): 176 [Sc. pictum sensu

Turner is possibly not the same as Sc. pictum (Smith)].

Turkmenia: 4 9 “Tschardschui” (Chardzhou or Tshardshou), G. von Rennenkampf (ML).

Iran: 1 2 “Persia, Bushire’ (= Bushehr) (ETHZ). — Very similar to Fig. 10, no. 2, but

the median black mark on the propodeum pin-shaped, consisting of a narrow line which is abruptly

dilated into a small spot at the anterior margin.

Afghanistan: 2 & “Afghanistan”, Galatea (UZMC).

India or Pakistan: 2 & with label “Ind.” (OUM, coll. Saunders; syntypes).

West Pakistan: Peshawar Distr, 1 ® Taru, 16—29 May 1915, Fletcher coll. (BM);

1 9 14 Lahore, April 1909, C. R. D. (BM, no. 1915-323); Quetta, 1 9 June 1902, 1 4 July 1902,

3 2 3 & Aug. 1902, leg. C. G. Nurse (BM); Karachi, 1 4 Manora, May 1899, F. W. Townsend

(BM, no. 99-326), 5 2 April 1925 (MBUD; ML; NMW); 3 2 3 & “Kurrachee” (Karachi or

Kurragee?), Aug.-Sept., Maindron (MP).

India: Bombay Prov., Deesa, 1 9 3 & June 1897, C. G. Nurse (BM), 1 ® June 1898, ex

coll. Cameron (from Nurse) (BM; spots at base of propodeum lacking). — Punjab, 1 4 Ferozepore,

July 1897, C. G. Nurse (BM). — “Bengal”, 1 4 Pusa, June, 1909, CRD (BM).

Arabia: 2 9.1 4 Muscat, A. S. G. Jayakar (BM, no. 99-73), 1 $ “Mascate”, Sept.-Oct.,

Maindron (MP), 1 2 Oman, Ras-al-Khaima, 16 May 1949, G. V. Popov (BM).

Very probably 3 4 from “Calcutta” (IRSNB) are incorrectly labelled, for other

specimens from this locality are much less marked with yellow.

Sceliphron madraspatanum kohli Sickmann

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) kohli Sickmann, 1894, Zool. Jahrb. Syst. 8: 218, 2 4 — “Tientsin”

(1 1 & marked “type” by Kohl in Mus. Wien).

Sceliphron madraspatanum kohli, Gussakovskij, 1938, Ark. Zool. 30A (15): 4 (3 9 Kiangsu;

kohli is the East-Asiatic subspecies of Sc. madraspatanum). — Yasumatsu, 1942, Mushi 14: 106

(Peking).

The East-Asiatic subspecies of Sc. madraspatanum, first recognized as such by Gussa-

kovskij in 1938, appears to differ constantly from the nominate subspecies in the

presence of a yellow line on the mesepisternum. The antennal scape is black, more ot

less distinctly yellowish beneath at apex. Scutellum rarely with yellow spot. The two

subspecies meet in the Indo-Chinese peninsula, where further investigations will probably

demonstrate the existence of a broad zone of intergradation.

Many specimens from the mountainous areas in the province of Szechwan (from

3000—8000 ft.) are rather strongly melanistic. The yellow markings on the antennal

scape, the mesepisternum and the hind femora tend to disappear, the gastral petiole and

the hind trochanters vary from partly to entirely black.

China: 2 2 “China”, coll. Drewsen (UZMC). — Hopei, 1 ¢ Peiping, Aug. 1930, G. Lui

(MCZ); 1 $ 1 @ Tientsin (NMW; “Sc. kohlii det. Sickmann, Type” in Kohl’s handwriting);

2 9 Tientsin, one 25 May 1906, F. M. Thomson (BM, nos. 1904-229 and 1907-200); 2 ®

Hsikou near Tientsin, 17 June 1906, F. M. Thomson (BM, no. 1907-200). — Honan, 1 9 Shanckow,

Dr. Rennart (IRSNB). — Szechwan, 2 2 4 & Kuanshien, 3000 ft., 5 April—8 May 1930; 3 @

1 4 Yachow, 2000—5000 ft., Aug. 1923, Sept. 1928, June 1929; 2 4 Yachow-Suifu, May-July

1930; 1 2 between Ta Tsien Lu and Yachow, 8000 ft, Aug. 1923 (scutellum with yellow spot);

11 9 1 4 Suifu, 1000—1500 ft, 24 May—23 Oct. 1928 and July-Aug. 1929 (only 3 9 1 @

204 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

with black mesepisternum); 1 9 between Yachow [Yaan} and Ning Yuen Fu, July 1928 (mese-

pisternum and petiole black); 1 9 3 4 Suifu-Hong Ya, 1000—1400 ft, June 1929; 1 & Hong Ya,

1800 ft, July 1928 (mesepisternum, hind trochanters and petiole black); 13 9 4 & Fulin

[Hanyuan], 3000—7000 ft., July and Aug. 1928 (mesepisternum black in 9 9 4 3); 1 2 Da

Shiang, Lin Pass, 5000 ft, Aug. 1930; 2 2 between Fu Yao Lin Pass and Da Shiang Lin Pass,

5000 ft. and 8000 ft., Aug. 1923 (mesepisternum black; petiole partly or entirely black); 1 9

between Li To and Lu Ding Chiao, 4000—9000 ft, Aug. 1930; 1 ® Lu Ding Chao, 5000 ft, Aug.

1923, 1 £ do., 4000—9000 ft, July 1930; 1 $ Ning Yuen Fu, 6000—6200 ft, Aug. 1928 (thorax

black except for yellow marks on tegulae and postscutellum; petiole black; hind trochanters black

with narrow yellow ring at apex); 2 2 Yao Gi, 4000—8000 ft, July 1929 (all leg. D. C. Graham,

USNM); 2 ® Kingfoo Shan, Aug.-Sept. 1932, G. Liu (MCZ); 2 4 Chang-Tau-Ching, 800—1000

ft, 18 July 1948, Gressitt and Djou (CAS). — Kweichow, 2 2 “Kouy Tcheou, région de Pin-Fa”

(= Pingpa) and “environs de Kouy-Yang” (= Kweiyang) (MP). — Kiangsu, 2 2 “prov.

Kiangsu”, Kolthoff (NRS), 4 4 Nanking, 24 June 1923, E. C. Van Dyke (CAS); 1 2 1 &

Chinkiang, 10 June and 19 July 1924, J. F. Illingworth (BISH); specimens from Shanghai and

Zo-sè, leg. O. Piel (MP); 1 9 Shanghai, Walker coll. (BM, no. 92-196); 1 2 Shanghai (MBUD).

— Chekiang, 1 $ Hangchow, July 1924, J. F. Illingworth (BISH); 1 2 4 @ do., June-Aug. 1926,

H. A. Jaynes, T. P. Chiao and J. T. Chu (1 & with yellow spot on scutellum) (USNM); 2 2

Ningpo, Aug. 1949, ex Mus. Fribourg (NMB); 1 9 Ningpo, leg. Felder (ML). — Fukien, 1 Q

Foochow, C. B. Rickett (BM, no. 1901-310); 1 & do. S. F. Light (CAS); 1 9 2 4 do. June

1935—June 1936, M. S. Yang (BM); 1 9 1 & do. C. R. Kellogg (USNM); 1 & do, Oct. 1923

(scutellum with yellow spot) (USNM); 2 9 Futsing, Aug. 1938, H. Caldwell (AMNH); 3 2

Yenping (= Nanping), Spring 1915, 3 Aug. 1917, 10 June 1920 (AMNH); 2 ® Amoy, leg.

Budding (ML); 1 4 Amoy, Galatea (UZMC). — Kwangtung, 1 @ Liu Ping, 1 ® Lung Fao Shan,

1 9 1 & Canton, leg. Mell (ZMB); 3 ® Mei-hsien, 8 June 1936 (MCZ). — Hainan I, 2 4

Ta Hian, 1 & Ta Hau, June-July 1935, 1 9 1 & Nodoa, 1 9 Dome Mt, 13 July 1935, all

L. Gressitt (MCZ). — Hongkong, 1 & Hongkong, Galatea (UZMC).

Vietnam (see also p. 207): 1 @ Hanoi, 17 Aug. 1917, R. V. de Salvaza (BM); 1 9 “An-

nam, Ten Sin”, Nov. 1916, R. V. de Salvaza (BM); 4 2 7 & Hanoi, April-May 1917, V. Demange

(MCZ).

Japan: 121 & “Japan”, von Siebold (ML; in ® propodeum with basal spots, in & scutellum

with small spot, divided by median black line). — Honshû, 3 @ 3 4 Hyogo, ex coll. Smith (BM);

1 4 Kyoto, 15 Aug. 1954, P. H. Arnaud (MCZ); 1 4 Saijo, leg. Harima (CAS); 1 4 Yokohama

(MBUD). — Kyüshü, 1 2 Nagasaki, coll. Drewsen (UZMC); 1 9 Nagasaki, Xántus (MBUD).

— According to information received from Prof. K. Iwata the species inhabits Honshû, Shikoku and

Kyüshü, but is lacking in Hokkaido. Prof. K. Tsuneki recently wrote us that about twenty years ago

this species did not occur east of Lake Biwa, but that it has recently spread in northern direction

and is now common in the province of Kanto.

Ryukyu Is.: Okinawa, 1 & “Okinawa”, C. T. Parsons (MCZ); 1 9 Iwa, F. G. Werner

(MCZ), 2 4 Iwa, C. T. Parsons (MCZ); 1 2 Motobu Peninsula, Yaetake, 8 Nov. 1945 (UMMZ);

1 4 Chizuka, G. E. Bohart & C. L. Harnage (CAS). — Miyako, 1 ® 2 July 1932, L. Gressitt

(MCZ). — Ishigaki, 1 @ 10 May, J. C. Thompson (CAS). — Iriomote, 2 9 1 & 22 Aug. 1934,

L. Gressitt (MCZ; 4 with yellow spot on scutellum).

Sceliphron madraspatanum formosanum van der Vecht, subsp. nov.

2 & — Very similar to subsp. koA/z, but the scutellum with large yellow spot. The

pattern is shown in Fig. 10.

Formosa: 1 ® Kagi, 21 Aug. 1907, H. Sauter (ML; bought 6 July 1908, type); the following

specimens are paratypes: 1 9 Takao, 1907; 2 4 Kagi, 21 Aug. 1907, 2 4 Koroton, 1—15 Sept.

1907, all leg. H. Sauter (ML; bought 6 July 1908; in one & the propodeum has small basal spots);

3 & Kagi, 26 Aug. 1907, H. Sauter (BM, no. 1919-234); 12 2 14 4 Takao, Taihanroku, Tainan,

and Kagu, 1907-09, H. Sauter (MBUD; propodeum in 4 ® with traces of yellow spots, in one Q

with three pairs of spots as in fig. 12, no. 2 of bottom row); 6 $ 2 & “Formosa”, H. Sauter

(AMNH); Taipei, 1 9 13 July 1956, 1 2 30 May 1958, 1 4 12 June 1958, all K. S. Lin (BISH);

1 2 Puli (Hori), July 1954 (BISH); 1 9 Taihanroku, H. Sauter (CU).

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 205

Sceliphron madraspatanum madraspatanum (Fabricius)

Sphex madraspatana Fabricius, 1781, Spec. Insect. 1: 445 — “Malabar”, coll. Banks (BM).

Sphex maderospatana (!); Gmelin, 1790, in Linné, Syst. Naturae (ed. 13) 1 (5): 2727.)

?Sphex lugubris Christ, 1791, Naturgesch. Ins. etc. Frankfurt: 306, PI. 30 Fig. 5 — “St. Domingo”

{invalid homonym of Sphex lugubris Villers, 1789]?). — Dalla Torre, 1897, Cat. Hym. 8 : 379 (in

synonymy of Sceliphron caementarium (Drury)), 387 (Sceliphron lugubre Christ). — Schulz, 1903,

Sitz. Ber. Akad. München, math.-phys. KI. 1903: 470 (unidentified species, perhaps a var. of Sc.

caementarium) {overlooked by Kohl, 1918].

Pelopoeus interruptus Palisot-Beauvais, 1805, Ins. rec. en Afr. et Amer., Hym.: 50, PI. 7 Fig. 5

— from unknown locality, probably in Asia. — Schulz, 1906, Spolia Hym.: 192 (synonym of

Sceliphron “maderospatanum” (Fabr.)).

Pelopoeus bilineatus Smith, 1852, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (2) 9: 47, @ — “Bombay”, leg. E. T.

Downes (BM, no. 21.608).

Pelopoeus separatus Smith, 1852, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (2) 9: 47, [2 !] — “Bombay”, leg. E. T.

Downes (BM, no. 21.609).

Sceliphron madraspatanum; Turner, 1917, Mem. Dept. Agric., Ent. Series 5 (4): 176 (p.p.; excl.

kobli and bilineatus).

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) madraspatanum; Kohl, 1918, Annln naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 109 [in part].

Tibet: 1 6 Jarkalo (MBUD).

India: 3 @ “India” (OUM). — Western India: 1 9 Bombay, Capt. Downes (BM; type of

Pelopoeus bilineatus Smith, no. 21.608; in addition to the normal pattern: mesepisternum with yellow

stripe, propodeum with two lines on posterior two-thirds of dorsum, and a small spot on the

declivity); 1 9 Bombay, Capt. Downes (BM; type of Pelopoeus separatus Smith, no. 21.609;

mesepisternum and propodeum black); 2 ® Bombay, 30 Sept. 1928 (MBUD; one with minute mark

on mesepisternum, the other moreover with small spots on scutellum and propodeum); 1 ® Bandra,

Dr. Jayakar (BM, no. 1905-152); Poona, 1 ® 1 & Western Ghats, Sept. 1962, F. L. Wain (ML).

— Southern India: 3 9 Malabaria, coll. Colsm. (UZMC); 1 ® 1 & Tranquebar, coll. Westermann

(UZMC). Mysore, 1 9 Shimoga, R. Tunga, 1865 ft. (MCZ). Kerala, 1 9 Walayar Forests, Sept.

1951, P. Susai Nathan (KVK), 1 2 2 @ do. 700 ft., Oct. 1959 and Oct. 1962, P. Susai Nathan

(ML; 1 & with minute spot under tegula). Madras State, 1 9 Nilgiri Hills, Singara, 3400 ft., May

1948, P. Susai Nathan (MCZ), 1 2 Coimbatore, July 1923 (MCZ), 1 & do. 17 July 1934 (BM),

1 2 do, 15 Febr. 1939 (MR), 9 2 2 & do, 1400 ft, July 1955, Aug. and Oct. 1959, May-Nov.

1960, P. Susai Nathan (ML; 1 9 with yellow mark on mesepisternum and small spot on scutellum,

1 & with minute spot under tegula), 1 ® do. Sept. 1961, P. Susai Nathan (LAM); 2 3 Tanjore

(= Thanjavur), Nedungadu, 26—27 April 1938, P. Susai Nathan (MR). Karikal Terr., 5 9

Kurumbagaram, P. Susai Nathan (MCZ), 1 ® do. April 1951, P. Susai Nathan (KVK), 17 9

14 & Pondichery, April 1962, P. Susai Nathan (ML; a few specimens with minute spots on

mesepisternum and scutellum, in one ® propodeum with very small basal and apical spots). —

Central India: Madhya Pradesh, 1 2 1 & Raipur, 18—27 Aug. 1962, F. L. Wain (ML; ® with

traces of yellow spot on scutellum); Andra Pradesh, 2 Q Vizagapatam, Dec. 1926, leg. Fraser (BM).

— Kashmir: 1 @ Murree-Kashmir Road, 4000 ft., June 1901, C. G. Nurse (BM); 1 & Kangra

Valley, 4500 ft., June 1899, leg. Dudgeon (BM, no. 1904-35). — Sikkim: 1 ® Sikkim, F. A.

Möller (UZMC), 1 & do., 1800 ft, July 1897, leg. Dudgeon (BM; small spot on mesepisternum),

1 2 do. coll. Bingham (BM, no. 1902-120; mesepisternum with two small spots). — Bengal: 2 2

1 & Bengal, coll. Drewsen (UZMC); 1 & Calcutta, coll. Rothney, from F. Smith (ML; mesepi-

sternum with small spot), 6 2 5 4 do., Oct. 1908—July 1909, E. Brunetti (BM), 1 2 1 @ do,

1961, Dr. H. Spurway (ML; & with reduced spots on mesepisternum and scutellum); series from

Barrackpore, coll. Rothney (OUM; a few females with small yellow spots on mesepisternum and

scutellum). — Assam, 1 & “Assam”, from Westwood (ML).

Ceylon: 2 2 “Ceylon”, coll. Drewsen (UZMC); 8 2 16 & from eleven localities throughout

the island, 1953-4, F. Keiser (NMB; ML; in a few males gastral petiole more or less blackened at

1) This spelling is erroneously ascribed to Fabricius, 1781, in Kohl's list of references (1918: 109).

2) Very probably the locality is erroneous, for the description applies much better to typical Sc.

madraspatanum than to any of the American species.

206 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

Blangkassi, È

Thailand

Harajama,

Ceylon

Calcutta,

India

Sungguminasa, |

Celebes

Ambon I.,

Moluccas

Fig. 11. Variation of the nominate subspecies of Sc. madraspatanum (F.) throughout its range

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 207

apex, one of these males is strongly melanistic: pronotum almost entirely black, hind trochanters

with black blotch on inner side, hind femora with only a narrow yellow ring at the base).

Maldive Is: 2 2 1 & Addu Atoll, 22 Aug—28 Oct. 1958, W. W. A. Phillips (BM).

Burma: 3 @ Myitkyina, 20 May 1945, W. Miller (KU). — Tenasserim, 1 4 Salween Valley,

7-90, coll. Bingham (BM); 1 2 Pegu, D, coll. Bingham, 96-30 (BM); 1 9 Tavoy, 2 Oct. 1893,

coll. Bingham, 96-30 (BM); 1 9 Thaungyin, Febr. 1891, 1 4 Mergui, Nov. 1889 (OUM).

Thailand: 1 2 Nan, Dec. 1931, T. D. A. Cockerell (AMNH); 4 9 2 & Chiang Mai prov.:

Chiang-dao, 450 m, April 1958, T. C. Maa (BISH; in one specimen postscutellum black); 1 9

Blangkassi, km 208, R. van der Veen, Oct.-Nov. 1943 (ML; pronotum black; yellow mark on post-

scutellum slightly smaller than usual, yellow ring on hind tibia covers basal half on inner side, but

less than basal fourth on outer side; yellow part of hind basitarsus small); 1 ® Bangkok, 3 Dec.

1957, J. L. Gressitt (BISH); 1 & do., Febr. 1930, Hugh Smith (small spots on mesepisternum)

(USNM); 2 & do. 22 Sept. 1935 (CU; mesepisternum with two small yellow spots); 1 $ 1 4

Banna, Nakhon, May 1958, T. C. Maa (BISH). — “Peninsular Siam”, 1 ® Trang, Banchong,

25 April 1924, I. H. N. Evans, 1 ® Nakon Sri Tamarat, Ronpibum, 7 April 1922, H. M. Pendle-

bury (BM).

Laos: 1 2 5 & “Laos” (MBUD); 1 ® Luang Prabang, Ban Samang, 20 Nov. 1918, R. V. de

Salvaza (BM); 1 & Luang Prabang, Hat Thoun, 10 Nov. 1917, R. V. de Salvaza (BM; thorax

black, only tegulae and postscutellum with traces of yellow); 1 9 Mouc Dahan, J. F. Godfrey (BM,

no. 1920-244, very dark form); 1 9 Ha Peng (?Na Peng), 3 Nov. 1919, R. V. de Salvaza (BM;

small spots on mesepisternum).

Vietnam: (see also p. 204): 2 9 1 & M'drak, East of Ban Me Thuot, 4—600 m, Aug. and

Dec. 1960, C. M. Yoshimoto (BISH; in one Q mesepisternum on one side with small yellow spot);

4 9 2 & Tayninh, Nov. 1923, 2 2 1 & Phuquoc Isl., 1924 (IRSNB; mesepisternum with yellow

mark, in some specimens reduced; spot on scutellum more or less reduced, absent in one ®, propo-

deum in one 9 with small basal spots; & generally a little darker than 9).

Cambodia: 1 ® Pnom Penh (MP; mesepisternum and scutellum marked with yellow!).

Not located: 1 9 Cochinchine, Trian, 7 Oct. 1923, R. Vitalis de Salvaza (KVK).

Malaya: Ina series of specimens (BM) from several localities, including Upper Perak, Kuala

Kedah, Kuala Langat, Kuala Lumpur, Negri Sembilan, and Singapore, the pattern is usually normal;

among 6 2 6 & from Kedah, however, 3 2 2 4 have yellow spots on scutellum and mesepisternum,

3 ® 4 & have only a more or less reduced spot on mesepisternum, the males are generally slightly

darker than the females.

Sumatra: Fairly common throughout the island; we have seen specimens from Deli, Indragiri,

Bengkulen, Djambi and Lampong (MZB; ML; band on pronotum rather widely interrupted, absent

in 1 9 1 & from South Sumatra; yellow markings on hind tibia and basitarsus more or less reduced,

petiole sometimes slightly blackened at apex).

Bangka Is.: 1 4 Pangkalmundo, 10 April 1931, J. van der Vecht (ML; similar to the less

melanistic Sumatran specimens).

Borneo: 2 9 3 & “Borneo”, S. Müller (ML), 1 Q “Borneo”, Schwaner (ML). — Sarawak,

1 ® Nanga Pelagus near Kapit, 180—585 m, Aug. 1958, 1 9 Merirai Valley near Kapit, 180 m,

July-Aug. 1958, both T. C. Maa (BISH). — Brit. N. Borneo, 2 2 West Coast Residency, Ranau,

500 m, Sept.-Oct. 1958, L. W. Quate (BISH; scutellum and mesepisternum with yellow mark, band

on pronotum only slightly interrupted); series from Bettotan and Kudat, July-Sept 1927, Boden Kloss

& Pendlebury (BM; 2 2 2 & ML; partly with yellow markings on scutellum and mesepisternum,

but yellow parts of legs often somewhat reduced). — West Borneo: 1 4 Marbau Tjondong, 1923

(MZB); 1 4 Bengkajang at Ledo River, July 1933, H. R. A. Muller (ML; petiole black above,

yellow on hind legs much reduced); 1 4 Sintang, 1910 (ZMB). — East Borneo: 1 ® Samarinda,

Muara Kaman, Nov. 1950, 1 ® 2 & Balikpapan, Wain and Mentawir Rivers, Oct.-Nov. 1950,

1 2 2 4 Tabang, Bengen River, Aug. 1956, 2 9 Kembang Djangut, July 1956, all leg. A. M. R.

Wegner (ML); 1 4 Kariorang, April 1937, Mrs. M. E. Walsh (BM); series from several localities,

leg. A. M. R. Wegner, in MZB.

The pattern of the Bornean populations shows a high degree of variability. Whereas there is on

one hand a tendency towards development of yellow markings on scutellum and mesepisternum,

certain other parts of the body, particularly the petiole and the hind legs, are often subject to strong

melanization.

Some data on the material in the Leiden Museum (10 9 13 4): scutellum with small spot in 1 9

208 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

“Borneo”, with medium to large spot in 2 9 2 4 N. Borneo and 4 & E. Borneo (two females with

large spot were among the series from E. Borneo in MZB); mesepisternum with yellow stripe in

2 9 2 & N. Borneo, with reduced stripe in 2 9 E. Borneo; hind trochanters partly black in 3 ®

4 & E. Borneo, 1 & W. Borneo; gastral petiole at least half black in 2 3 “Borneo”, 1 3 W.

Borneo and 3 ® 5 & E. Borneo. Two extreme patterns are shown in Fig. 10.

Java: Common throughout the island, up to about 1400 m above sea level. We have examined

75 ® and 72 & from many localities, mainly in West Java. Colour pattern very constant, slightly

darker than typical madraspatanum; yellow mark on antennal scape sometimes indistinct, yellow

band on pronotum always distinctly interrupted, scutellum and mesepisternum always black, gastral

petiole usually blackened at extreme apex, rarely more extensively black; hind basitarsus with

inconspicuous brownish ring.

Bawean: 1 ® leg. Fruhstorfer (ML); 1 9 June 1920, H. C. Delsman (MZB).

Kangean Is: 2 ® Ardjasa, Aug. 1954, A. Hoogerwerf (ML).

Bali: 2 4 Den Pasar, 1 June 1935, R. Awibowo (ML).

Lombok: 1 & Sapit, 2000 ft, April 1896, H. Fruhstorfer (CU); 1 2 “Lombok”, Carl Auri-

villius (NRS).

The specimens from Bawean, Kangean, Bali and Lombok agree in pattern with those from Java.

Sumbawa: see under subsp. suzzeri.

Flores: 1 ® Boa Wae, 450 m, 2 April 1957, A. M. R. Wegner (ML; mesepisternum with

reduced yellow stripe, pronotum, petiole and hind legs as in subsp. swtteri); 1 9 Rana Mese, 22

Febr. 1927, B. Rensch (ZMB; mesepisternum with small yellow spots).

So long as the populations inhabiting these latter two islands are imperfectly known,

it seems best to regard them as transitional between subsp. madraspatanum and sutteri.

Celebes: South Celebes, 1 @ “Celebes”, no. 57-101, 1 9 “Mak” (= Makassar, leg. A. R.

Wallace), 58-142 (BM); 1 9 Samanga, Nov. 1895, 2 9 Patunuang, Jan. 1896, H. Fruhstorfer

(NMW), 1 @ Latimodjong Mts., Uru, 800 m, Aug.-Sept. 1930, G. Heinrich (ZMB), 1 ® Malino,

4000 ft., Jan. 1936, L. E. Cheesman (BM); 1 2 Palopo, Todjambu, July 1936, L. J. Toxopeus

(MZB); 1 9 Sungguminasa, Aug. 1949, C. J. H. Franssen (ML). — Yellow markings slightly more

extensive than in Javan specimens: band on pronotum wide, hardly interrupted in the middle; gastral

petiole not blackened at apex; only the basal fourth to third of fore and mid femora black; all basi-

tarsi yellow, black at apex, hind basitarsus also slightly fuscous at base.

In the specimens available for study the pattern appears to be fairly constant, but

examination of a more extensive material is desirable.

Buru: 1 ® 2 & Balabalu, 6-10 June 1959 (MZB; ML).

Ambon: (Amboina): 1 2 “Amb.”, leg. Wallace, coll. Saunders (OUM); 1 9 Kudamati, 1 4

Soja, April 1941, E. Lundquist (MZB); 7 2 4 & Waai, 14—23 July 1959, 3 2 do., Dec. 1960,

1 ® do, Jan. 1961, 3 & do., Febr. 1964, A. M. R. Wegner (MZB; ML).

The specimens from Buru and Amboina agree in all details with those collected in Java. We regard

this as an indication that the species has been introduced into these islands by human agency.

Sceliphron madraspatanum andamanicum (Kohl)

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) madraspatanum var. andamanica Kohl, 1918, Annin naturh. Mus. Wien

32: 109 — “Andamanen Insel” (ZMB) [andemanicum (!) in index, p. 169].

In this subspecies the thorax is black, except for a small yellow spot on the tegulae.

This appears to be the usual pattern of the species in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Occasionally populations in other localities produce specimens which approach this

extreme degree of melanism rather closely. Kohl (1918) recorded a specimen from

Borneo which had the thorax black, except for markings on tegulae and postscutellum,

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL: Subgenus Sceliphron 209

trans.pictum pictum trans. pictum-§ conspicillatum

tubifex Karachi, jf madraspatanum N (dark)

Tshardshou, Pakistan Bombay, E 7 Manila,

Turkmenia India India § Luzon,Phil.Is.

conspicillatum conspicillatum

conspicillatumÿ conspicillatum conspicillatum

: (dark) Hollandia, (dark) Manus I., Bougainville,

Te New Guinea Ifar, Bismarck Arch Solomon Is.

New Guinea

Fig. 12. Variation of some subspecies of Sc. madraspatanum (F.)

210 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

and the Leiden Museum possesses a similarly coloured specimen from Blangkassi in

Thailand.

Andaman Is: 1 & N. Passago Island, G. Rogers (BM, no. 1906-204).

Nicobar Is: 3 ® 1 & Nicobar Is., leg. Roepstorff (UZMC; 1 9 ML).

Sceliphron madraspatanum conspicillatum (Costa)

Pelopoeus conspicillatus Costa, 1864, Ann. Mus. zool. Napoli 2 (1862): 112, 2 — “Luzon”,

Philippine Islands (? type in Mus. Naples). — Kohl, 1918: 109 (in synonymy of Sc. madraspatanum.

(Fabr.)).

Sceliphron maderospatanum(!); Williams, 1919, Bull. Hawaii. Sugar PI. Ass., Ent. Series 14: 123

(bionomics in Luzon).

Sceliphron conspicillatum; Rohwer, 1921, Phil. JI. Sci. 19: 675 (Luzon; Leyte; Palawan).

Sceliphron madraspatanum; Krombein, 1949, Proc. Hawaii. ent. Soc. 13: 387 (Caroline Is.).

According to the original description the propodeum of the type(s) is entirely black.

In several localities in the Philippine islands specimens with this character have been

collected together with individuals with one to three pairs of yellow spots on the propo-

deum. Assuming that the presence of three pairs of spots is the “normal” condition, one

may observe that reduction of these spots does not always proceed in the same way.

Sometimes all the spots are more or less strongly reduced simultaneously, but usually the

spots on the dorsum are the first to disappear and those at the apex the last; we have

seen, however, a few specimens with only dorsal and apical spots, and one female with

only a pair of dorsal spots. In very brightly coloured specimens the apical spots may

become fused, or some additional spots may develop (Fig. 10 and 12).

A dark form occurs in Palawan, where the gastral petiole is as a rule partly or entirely

black above, with a more or less distinct yellow line (sometimes lacking) on the under

side. Even in such dark specimens the propodeum usually bears at least one or two pairs

of yellow spots.

Specimens collected in 1955 and subsequent years in New Guinea (Hollandia and

environs) and some neighbouring islands undoubtedly belong to the Philippine sub-

species. Since there are no earlier records of Sc. madraspatanum from the Papuan area,

it is practically certain that they are descendants of wasps accidentally introduced by

plane (or, less likely, by boat) from the Philippine Islands during or shortly after the

second world war.

Luzon: 4 2 3 @ “Luzon” (ZMB; propodeum with 3 pairs of spots in 3 @, one pair in

1 9 1 &, black in 2 &). — Tarlac Prov., 1 ® 1 & Luista east of San Miguel, 13 Oct. 1945; Rizal

Prov., 2 2 1 & Wackwack, 12—13 Sept. 1945, 1 4 Maly, 7 Oct. 1945; Pampanga Prov., 1 4 near

Santa Cruz, 16 Sept. 1945, all leg. Richard P. Dow (MCZ; in most specimens markings of propodeum

more or less reduced, absent in one 9). — Laguna, Los Baños, 3 @ 2 & 1915—1919, Coll. of

Agric., C. F. Banks, and F. X. Williams, 1 4 do. July 1935, W. F. Jepson (ML; propodeum in

1 2 1 & with three pairs of spots, in the & with additional spots on pronotum and propodeum;

in 1 9 1 & with 2 pairs and in 1 $ 1 & with apical spots only). — 10 9 17 & from Manila,

Antipolo, Montalban, and several other localities, 1952—1954, Miss C. Baltazar and co-workers

(BPI; propodeum in 1 9 4 & with 3 spots, in 3 ¢ with 2 spots, in 6 $ 2 & with 1 spot, in3 9

8 & black). — Mountain Province, 1 & Babalasan, Kalinga, 5 March 1953, Marjorie C. Townes

(ML; propodeum black, hind trochanter black with narrow apical yellow ring, hind femur black

Prov., Novaliches, 8 Dec. 1930 (CU); 1 4 Rizal, Theresa, 25 July 1952, H. Townes (coll. Townes;

propodeum black); 1 ® Bacio (CU; propodeum black); 2 & Los Bafios, Sept. 1959, C. M. Yoshi-

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 211

moto (BISH; propodeum in 1 & with apical spots only, in 1 & black); 1 9 1 & Manila, Aug.-

Sept. 1945, H. E. Milliron (BISH; propodeum black); 1 4 Bauang, 2 Oct. 1945, H. E. Milliron

(BISH; propodeum black); 1 9 Mt. Makiling, F. C. Hadden (CAS), 1 4 Laguna, Pangil, May 1931

(CAS; propodeum black); 3 & Alabang, April 1930, J. Valdez (CAS; propodeum in 2 & with

2 pairs of spots, in 1 & black); 2 2 do, Oct.-Dec. 1930, G. Merino (USNM); 1 2 Lucban,

Tayabas, 24 May, R. C. McGregor (USNM).

Samar: 2 2 July 1924, Wright (CU; propodeum black), 1 9 Malaguinao, 22 April 1952,

E. S. Gachalian (BPI; propodeum black).

Mindanao: Davao Prov., 1 @ Calian, July, 1 9 Lawa, April, C. S. Clagg (MCZ; propodeum

with three pairs of spots); 1 ® Agusan, Santiago, April 1931 (CU; propodeum with dorsal and

apical spots); 1 ® 1 & Obrando, 24 Sept. 1919 (lot 500, sub 223) (CU; propodeum in Q with

dorsal spots and one large apical mark, in & black); 1 9 Lagao, 17 Jan. 1954, H. Townes (coll.

Townes).

Palawan: 1 9 1 & Babuyan, 1 ¢ Inagawan, 1 & Pt. Princesa, Dec. 1952, H. Townes (coll.

Uring Uring and Makagwa, 22 Aug. 1961, Noona Dan Exp. (UZMC; 1 ® ML; propodeum with

small basal spots and one apical spot in 2 ®, with only the apical spot in 1 9; gastral petiole black

with yellow line on under side, in one ® also yellow above at base).

West New Guinea: Vogelkop Peninsula, 1 & Sorong, 21 March 1952, L. D. Brongersma

(ML); Hollandia, 2 9 Jan. 1956, 1 ® April 1959, R. T. Simon Thomas, 5 9 2 & Jan. and Febr.

1956—June 1958, G. den Hoed (ML; 1 2 1 @ coll. van Lith), 2 9 15 and 16 March 1959,

L. D. Brongersma (ML); Ifar, 350 m, 5 2 Dec. 1956—March 1959, J. van den Assem (ML), 1 2

450 m, N. of Lake Sentani, Nov. 1955, L. D. Brongersma c.s. (ML). — Pattern fairly constant,

except for the propodeum, which varies from black (1 ®) via one (6 ®) or two pairs of spots

(4 2) to three pairs (4 2 1 &); one female has only the dorsal spots left, but in the other

specimens with only one pair of spots the basal and dorsal spots are lacking.

Territory of New Guinea: 1 & Maprik, 20 Oct. 1957, J. Smart (BM).

Bismarck Arch.: 1 9 Manus Island, Lorengau near sea level, 15—25 Dec. 1959, T. C.

Maa (BISH; Fig. 12). — New Britain, 2 9 Keravat, 17 Nov. 1957, 1 9 3 & Puktas, Baining

Mts., 22 Nov. 1957, J. Smart (BM).

Solomon Is: 1 2 Buka Island, 27 Oct. 1960, R. W. Paine (ML; propodeum with three

pairs of spots); 1 2 Bougainville, Tokinoitu, 20 m, 2 June 1956, J. L. Gressitt (BISH; Fig. 12).

Caroline Is.: common in the Palaus, probably introduced during the war; see Krombein,

1949.

Sceliphron madraspatanum sutteri van der Vecht

Sceliphron madraspatanum sutteri van der Vecht, 1957, Verh. naturf. Ges. Basel 68: 368, 9 4 —

“Sumba, Waikarudi” (type 9, NMB).

This subspecies was described from a series of over 160 specimens from Sumba. Four

females from Sumbawa were regarded as paratypes, but only two of these had complete

yellow spots on the mesepisternum. It seems possible that examination of more material

from this island will show that the population as a whole is intermediate between the

subspp. madraspatanum and sutteri, or even that it is closer to the former.

Sceliphron (Sceliphron) intrudens (Smith)

Pelopoeus intrudens Smith, 1859, J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Zool. 3: 15, 9 4 — “Celebes”, leg. Wallace

(lectotype 9, BM).

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) intrudens; Kohl, 1918, Annin naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 110.

This species superficially resembles Sc. javanum, but it is more closely allied to Sc.

madraspatanum. In fact, it may be regarded as the modified descendant of a madraspa-

tanum ancestor which reached Celebes at an early date.

212 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

The female with label “Mak. 58/142” in the British Museum is herewith designated

as the lectotype.

Celebes: many specimens with label “Celebes” only (BM, MCG, ML, MP, UZMC). —

North Celebes: 2 9 “North Celebes” (MZB), 9 ® 4 & Minahasa, coll. Gribodo (MCG, 1 2

Pendolo, Lake Poso, 650 m, Febr. 1950, C. J. H. Franssen (ML); 6 9 1 & Palu, Dec. 1936 (ML),

1 2 2 4 Palu (MZB); 1 $ Ampana, 30 Sept. 1952 (ML). — South Celebes: 1 2 2 4 Sengkang,

Sept.-Oct. 1930, J. van der Vecht (ML); 1 9 1 & Pinrang, 29 May 1948, J. van der Vecht (ML);

series from Samanga, Nov. 1895, and Patunuang, Jan. 1896, H. Fruhstorfer (NMW; MP; 1 2 1 4

IRSNB; 1 @ CU); 1 9 2 4 Latimodjong Mts., Uru, 800 m, Aug.-Sept. 1930, G. Heinrich (ZMB),

Bantimurung, 25 May 1930, G. Heinrich (ZMB); 2 2 4 & Bantimurung, June 1948, J. van der

Vecht (ML); 1 ® Maros, leg. Albrandt (NMW); 1 9 1 4 “Mak. 58/142” (= Makassar, leg.

Wallace) (BM, incl. the lectotype, 9); 2 & “Mak.” (= Makassar, leg. Wallace) (OUM), 3 &

“Makapar” (= Makassar), 23 April and 16—17 May 1906, ex coll. Bingham (ML), 1 ® Makassar,

Dec. 1908, F. Muir (ML), 2 ® Makassar, April 1949, C. J. H. Franssen (ML), 1 & Makassar,

T. Barbour (MZC), 1 & Makassar, 1905, from Shelford (BM); 1 9 Malino, 4000 ft., Jan. 1936,

L. E. Cheesman (BM); 3 @ 2 & Lompoh Batang, 200 m, Nov. 1941, H. Lucht (ML); 2 2 1 &

Tanete, March 1949, C. J. H. Franssen (ML). — 1 ® “Ile Moena, Raha” (IRSNB). — 1 4 Kalao

Is., 12-99, ex coll. Bingham (BM, 1902-120).

Note: “Sceliphron intrudens’ Bingham, 1897, is evidently Sc. javanum (Lep.);

“Sceliphron intrudens var.” Williams, 1919, p. 120, is the Philippine subspecies of Sc.

javanum (Lep.).

Distribution. — Sc. intrudens (Smith) appears to be restricted to Celebes and some of

the neighbouring smaller islands.

Sceliphron (Sceliphron) quartinae (Gribodo)

Pelopoeus quartinae Gribodo, 1884, Annali Mus. civ. Stor. nat. Genova (2) 1: 298 — “Scioa,

Let-Marefià” (18 2 9 &), “Daimbi” (1 2) (MCG). — Schulz, 1911, Zool. Ann. Würzburg 4:

159 (additional description of syntypes in Mus. Genova).

Sceliphron fulvohirtum Arnold, 1928, Ann. Transvaal Mus. 12: 236 (in key), 246, 9 6, Fig. 4 —

“Sanyati River, S. Rhodesia”, R. H. R. Stevenson (types in coll. Stevenson); also 1 4 from Umtali,

S. Rhodesia. — Id., 1951, Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist., Ent. 2 (3): 139 (4 &, Lekempti, Ethiopia). —

Leclercq, 1955, Expl. Parc Nation. Upemba, Mission G. F. de Witte, etc. 34: 58 (six localities)

[new synonymy }.

The type locality “Let Marefià” is situated in Shoa, Ethiopia, about 16 km North of

Ankober (9.32 N, 39.43 E). We have recently examined 1 9 1 & of the original series

of syntypes and designated the 9 as the lectotype.

Gribodo’s species has not been recognized by Kohl, who in 1909 incorrectly applied

the name guartinae to the species discussed in this paper under the name Sc. fossuliferum.

Brauns (1911) followed him in this respect (see the references in Kohl, 1918: 105).

Arnold (1928) also misapplied the name gwuartinae, but simultaneously he described

some specimens from Southern Rhodesia as a new species (fulvohirtum), without

realizing that they were very similar to the true gwartinae from Ethiopia. When in 1952

Arnold examined some syntypes of Gribodo’s gwartinae, he admitted to have misidentified

this species, but stated his Sc. fulvohirtum to be different: “Sc. fulvohirtum is closely

related to this species, but is larger and has a longer and more oblique pronotum. The

genitalia, although similar, have the outer paramera narrower apically and the sagittae

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 213

are of a different shape.” The accompanying drawings of the genitalia, however, are

rather coarse, and in our opinion do not convincingly indicate that the two forms are

specifically different.

After having studied a series of specimens of Sc. guartinae from various localities, we

have reached the conclusion that Sc. fulvohirtum is not specifically different from

Gribodo’s species. It is true that the type localities are far apart, but Sc. guartinae is now

known from several intermediate localities. Moreover, Arnold himself in 1951 identified

some specimens from Ethiopia as belonging to his Sc. fulvohirtum.

The specimens examined by us agree well with the types; there is some variation in

the pubescence of head and thorax, which in the types appears to be somewhat longer

and denser than in several other specimens. The available material is partly worn, how-

ever, and does not permit to determine whether this character is subject to geographic

variation. The shape of the pronotum is somewhat variable, but it is always more swollen

than in Sc. fossuliferum and madraspatanum.

Cameroon: Uam-area, Bosum, 3 2 21—30 April 1914, 7 ¢ 11—20 June 1914, leg. Tess-

mann (ZMB; 1 2 2 & ML).

French Sudan: 1 2 Middle Niger, Diafarabe, May 1932, O. B. Lean (BM).

Ethiopia: Let Marefià (syntypes of Sc. guartinae; MCG, NMW and MP); 4 & Lekempti

(BM; see Arnold, 1951).

Uganda: 1 4 Mbale-Kami Rd., 3700 ft., S. of L. Salisbury, 15—17 Aug. 1911, S. A. Neave

(BM); 1 ® Katona, Mto-ya-Kifaru (MBUD); 1 & Katona, Mujenje, Aug. 1913 (MBUD).

Kenya: 1 9 Nandi Plateau, 5700—6200 ft., 30 May—4 June 1911, S. A. Neave (BM); 1 9

Crater Lake 9 miles N.W. of Meru, 5700 ft., 15 Febr. 1911, S. A. Neave (BM); 1 @ L. Baringo,

1931, E. B. Worthington, Cambridge Univ. Exp. (BM).

Tanganyika: ‘“Matengo Hochland, WSW. von Songea, Ugano”, 2 2 1 & Dec. 1935—

March 1936, leg. Zerny, 1 9 22 Jan. 1938, F. Zimmer (NMW; 1 9 ML); 1 2 1 & S.W. Sagalla

Swamp, Mpembene, 3760 ft, 15 Oct. 1947, 1 & Malagarasi, 100 mls. E. of Kigoma, 3730 ft,

7 Nov. 1947, M. Steele (BM).

Congo: 1 Q Katanga, Tenke, 30 July—9 Aug. 1931, J. Ogilvie (BM). Recorded from Boma,

Mwashya, Katanga, and Bolobo by Leclercq (1955).

Zambia: recorded from Abercorn (N. Rhodesia) by Leclerq, 1955.

Nyasaland: 1 & Chitala Stream, 10 m West of Domita Bay, 22—28 Oct. 1910, S. A. Neave

(BM; posterior surface of propodeum with transverse yellow spot).

Rhodesia: 1 9Matetsi, 6 Nov. 1934, R. H. R. Stevenson (BM; “compared with type [of

fulvohirtum] in coll. Stevenson”), 1 ® Bulawayo, 10 Dec. 1931, R. H. R. Stevenson (BM); 1 4

Bambesi R. (BM).

South Africa: 1 2 Cape of Good Hope (ML); 1 2 Cape Province, Huguenot, Febr.

1932, Miss A. Mackie (BM); 2 2 3 4 Wellington, Rooshoek, Jan.-Febr. 1960, A. Mirjam Verhoeff

(PV). Recorded from Pietermaritzburg and Algoa Bay by Leclercq, 1955.

Variation. — The Museum at Budapest possesses a male from “D.O. Afrika, A. Bött-

cher”, which is remarkable for the unusual colour pattern. The pronotum has a dorsal

yellow band, furthermore are yellow: the tegulae, two small spots on the mesepisternum

beneath the tegulae, a spot on the scutellum and a rather large spot at the apex of the

propodeum.

The pattern is very similar to that of certain forms of Sc. madraspatanum; the structure

of the pronotum and the sculpture of the propodeum leave no doubt, however, that this

specimen belongs to guartinae. It is impossible to say whether this ís an individual aber-

ration or a representative of a population which is constantly more extensively marked

with yellow.

214 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

Sceliphron (Sceliphron) fossuliferum (Gribodo)

(= Sceliphron quartinae auctt., nec Gribodo)

This is the commoner of the two representatives of the madraspatanum-group in the

Ethiopian region.

For a long time this species has been called guartinae, but this error was corrected by

Arnold (1952), who examined some of Gribodo’s ‘‘cotypes’’ (syntypes). However, this

author failed to discover that Sc. fossuliferum (Gribodo) is the same as guartinae auctt.

nec Gribodo. The name decipiens, proposed by Arnold (1952) for the species errone-

ously described by him in 1928 as quartinae, is therefore superfluous.

We agree with Leclercq (1955) that Sc. voeltzkowii Kohl may be regarded as a sub-

species of Sc. quartinae auctt., but we prefer not to follow him in treating voeltzkowit

Kohl and complex Kohl as identical. These names were based on specimens showing

distinctly different degrees of melanization, and as there are indications that this variation

is at least to some extent correlated with the geographic and the vertical distribution

(melanism apparently being more common in mountain areas), the names may prove

useful in further studies of the relationships. It should be noted that the pigmentation of

Sc. masaicum Turner is practically identical with that of Sc. voeltzkowi Kohl, and not

with that of Sc. complex Kohl, as suggested by Arnold (1928: 246).

The typical form appears to occur throughout the entire Ethiopian region. According

to Arnold (1928) it occurs in East Africa from Sudan to Port Elizabeth and has also

been recorded from West Africa, Transvaal and Sicily [the latter record is certainly

incorrect !}; Leclercq (1955) has recorded it from Ethiopia, Congo, and Cape of Good

Hope.

The specimens listed below have been examined by us in the last two years; previously

the senior author has identified many specimens in the museums of London, Paris, and

Vienna as “gwartinae”’, but this material should be checked, for it seems now possible

that a few specimens will prove to belong to the true Sc. quartinae.

In the key on p. 193 Sc. fossuliferum is separated from the closely allied Sc. madras-

patanum by the colour of the tegulae. If this was the only difference, these two allopatric

forms could hardly be regarded as specifically distinct. In addition to certain differences

in sculpture and pubescence, however, we found that the male genitalia, although very

similar, can be readily distinguished. In specimens of Sc. madraspatanum from various

parts of its extensive range the pubescence of the volsella was constantly found to be

longer than in Sc. fossuliferum (Fig. 5 and 6).

It is of interest to note that the American species agree in this respect with Sc.

madraspatanum, whereas in the other African species, Sc. quartinae (Grib.), the

pubescence is as short as in Sc. fossuliferum. This appears to support our view that Sc.

madraspatanum and fossuliferum are different species.

Bionomics. — According to Brauns (1911: 119) Sc. guartinae Grib. builds its cells

on grass stems and branches, either singly or in pairs; at Port Elizabeth the cells are made

of moist loam, but at Delagoa Bay in Mozambique the wasps used moist dung for this

purpose. It seems now practically certain that the nests observed by Brauns at Delagoa

Bay were constructed by Sc. fossuliferum; whether this species uses clay or loam for

building its cells as well as dung, deserves confirmation. The possibility exists that the

nests found by Brauns at Port Elizabeth were constructed by the true Sc. guartinae (nec

auctt.).

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 215

Kohl (1918, PI. II, Fig. 11: 153) published a figure of a nest of “Sc. guartinae Grib.

(oder spzrifex L.)”, built on a branch and consisting of cow dung (‘‘Rinderkot’’). This

nest seems to contain two cells, but Mayer and von Schulthess (1922) state that the nest

sent by them to Kohl and figured by this author consisted of three cells; it was collected

by Junod at Shilouvane in Northern Transvaal. Afterwards Junod collected at Rikatla

and Delagoa Bay two more nests of cow dung, both of four cells, one built on a palm

leaf (figured on the accompanying plate, Fig. 4 = Fig. 1 in “Erklärung”’) and one on

a branch of a shrub. In 1947 Dr. Burtt found such cells in Tanganyika (our Fig. 13).

Sc, quartinae (Grib.) Sc, fossuliferum (Grib.) Sc. fossuliferum (Grib.)

a,c: Wellington, S. Africa Katona, Uganda cell of manure on branch

b Uam-area, Cameroon Tanganyika

Fig. 13. African species; a, b, d: outline of pronotum and anterior part of mesoscutum (lateral view),

c, e: dorsal view of left hind coxa.

The following key may serve to distinguish the three subspecies recognized in this

paper.

1. Gastral petiole entirely yellow. Antennal scape black. Apex of femora and most of

the tibiae of fore and mid legs yellow (mid tibiae, and often also the fore tibiae, with

dark spot of variable size at apex); trochanters, basal half of femora and basal half

(or more) of tibiae of hind legs yellow. . . . . . fossuliferum (Gribodo)

— Gastral petiole partly black. Antennal scapes usually partly or entirely dark red. Legs

less extensively marked with yellow. . . . È 3 2

2. Approximately the basal half to two-thirds of the petiole mallow, Kor aad mid (Ex

black, partly reddish, base of tibiae sometimes partly yellow; hind legs as in fossuli-

ferum, but the tibiae only with yellow ring at the base. — Mainly in the mountains

— At most the basal third DE the petiole lon ne sidie only hind trochanters and

approximately the basal one-fourth of the hind femora yellow; fore femora and tibiae

partly reddish. — Mainly in West Africa (?) . . . . . . . complex Kohl

Sceliphron fossuliferum fossuliferum (Gribodo)

Pelopoeus fossuliferus Gribodo, 1895, Memorie R. Accad. Sci. Bologna (5) 5: 110, 2 —

“Rikatla”, Mozambique (MCG).

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) fossuliferum; Kohl, 1918, Annln naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 135 (unidentified

species; incorrectly on p. 105 in synonymy of Sc. quartinae!). — Arnold, 1952, Occ. Papers Nat.

Mus. S. Rhodesia 2 (17): 480, 4, F. 17 (Portuguese East Africa).

Sceliphron quartinae; H. Brauns, 1911, Z. wiss. InsektBiol. 7: 119 (bionomics) [misidentification].

— Kohl, 1918, Annln naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 105, 9 4 [misidentification; probably mixed up with

true Sc. quartinae}. — Mayer & von Schulthess, 1922, Mitt. Ent. Zürich, Heft 6: 364 and plate

(notes on nests). — Von Schulthess, 1926, Verh. III Intern. Kongresz 2: 21. — Arnold, 1928, Ann.

Transvaal Mus. 12: 245, 9 4, Figs. 3, 4a.

Sceliphron quartinae quartinae; Leclercq, 1955: 59 (Congo; Ethiopia; Cape of Good Hope).

216 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

Sceliphron decipiens Arnold, 1952, Occ. Papers nat. Mus. S. Rhodesia 2 (17): 482 (new name for

Sc. quartinae sensu Arnold, 1928, nec Gribodo; type 2, Unyoro, Uganda, in NMSR) [new syno-

nymy }).

Senegal: 1 @ Diafarabe, 14 Aug. 1944, K. M. Guichard (BM).

Ghana: 1 & “Gold Coast”, N. Territories, Prang, 9 Febr. 1913, J. J. Simpson (ML).

Sudan: 2 ® W. Darfur, E. Jebel Murra, Kirima, 5525 ft., 20 May 1932, M. Steele (BM).

Ethiopia: 1 9 Sidamo, 25 Febr. 1912, 2 & Tshertsher, Oct. 1911, Kovacs (MBUD).

Uganda: 1 Q Mbale-Kami Road, 3700 ft., S. of Salisbury, 15—17 Aug. 1911, S. A. Neave

(ML); 1 4 Entebbe, Nov. 1912, G. C. Gowdey (ML); Katona, 2 $ 2 & Mto-ya-Kifaru, 1 9 1 4

Shirati, 1909 (MBUD; ML).

Tanganyika: 1 @ leg. W. A. Collier (ML); 1 & “Dtsch. O. Afrika” (ML); 4 4 Shiny-

anga, 23 July 1947, “on manyava”, from cells of dung attached separately lengthwise to a branch

(Fig. 13), Dr. E. Burtt (BM, Comm. Inst. Ent. no. 10878); 3 ® S.W. Sagalla Swamp, Mpembene,

3760 ft., 15 Oct. 1947, waterhole, M. Steele; 1 4 S.W. Sagalla Swamp, Chunge, 3780 ft., 25 Oct.

1947, M. Steele; 1 4 Malagarasi, 100 mls. E. of Kigoma, 3730 ft., 7 Nov. 1947, M. Steele (BM).

Congo: 1 ® Elizabethville, 11 Sept. 1931, J. Ogilvie (BM).

Zambia: 2 4 “NE. Rhodesia”, Upper Luangwa R., July-Aug. 1910, S. A. Neave (BM; ML),

1 & do., Mid Luangwa R., Aug. 1910, S. A. Neave (ML).

Malawi: 1 4 Chitala Stream, Domira Bay, 22—28 Oct. 1910, S. A. Neave (BM); 1 2

Mbamba Bay, 12—16 April 1936, leg. Zerny (NMW).

Rhodesia: 1 9 1 & leg. H. S. Leeson (BM); 1 ® Shangani, De Beer’s Ranch, May 1962,

J. Ogilvie (BM).

Mozambique: 1 @ Delagoa (qwartinae Grib., det. Kohl) (MBUD).

Sceliphron fossuliferum voeltzkowii Kohl

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) voeltzkowii Kohl, 1909, in Voeltzkow, Reise in Ostafrika 2: 370, Q,

Fig. 2 — “Chake-Chake (Pemba)”, North West Tanganyika.

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) quartinae var. voeltzkovii (!); Kohl, 1918, Annln naturh. Mus. Wien 32:

106. — Arnold, 1928, Ann. Transvaal Mus. 12: 245 (voeltzkovii(!); “race” of Sc. quartinae).

Sceliphron quartinae voeltzkovii (!); Leclercq, 1955: 59 (Cameroons; Congo).

Sceliphron masaicum Turner, 1919, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (9) 3: 393, ® — series from “British

Fast Africa” (Kenya and Uganda); lectotype by present designation: Kenya, Ngare Narok, Masai

Reserve, 31 Dec. 1913, A. O. Luckman (BM, type no. 21.607).

Nigeria: 1 ® Lagos, Ajouta(?), 29 Jan. 1957 (BM, 1959-107).

Kenya: series (incl. lectotype) from Ngare Narok, Masai Reserve, 31 Dec. 1913, A. O. Luck-

man (BM; antennal scape sometimes almost black); 1 4 Shimba, July 1912, Dr. A. D. Milne (BM,

1913-192).

Uganda: 1 9 Tero forest, S.E. Buddu, 3800 ft, 26—30 Sept. 1911, S. A. Neave (ML).

Tanganyika: 2 2 Tendaguru, 4—7 July 1924, W. E. Cutler (BM, 1930-489; 1 2 ML).

Malawi: 1 & Nyasa Lake, Mbamba Bay, 12—16 April 1936, Zerny (NMW).

Sceliphron fossuliferum complex Kohl

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) complex Kohl, 1918, Annln naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 107, 2 — “Chou-

tes (!) de Samlia River, N. Gamio (Mocquereys)’’. — Arnold, 1928, Ann. Transvaal Mus. 12: 246

(syn.: Sc. massaicum Turner).

Sceliphron (Sceliphron) complex; Leclercq, 1955: 59 (in synonymy of Sc. quartinae voeltzkovii (!)

Kohl; Ruanda, Nyangwa, 2000 m).

Gabon: 1 ® Chutes de Samlia, Riv. N’Gamio, leg. Mocquereys (type, NMW).

Spanish Guinea: 3 2 “Alcu, Benito-Gebiet”, Aug.-Sept. 1906, G. Tessmann (ZMB; 1 9

ML).

“West Afrika”: 1 9 Uelleburg, G. Tessmann (ZMB).

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 217

2. New World species

The distribution of the American species of the madraspatanum-group is remarkable

(Fig. 14). On the basis of morphological characters it is possible to distinguish six species.

They can be arranged in two subgroups: (a) three ‘“mainland species”, inhabiting North,

Central, and South America, respectively, and together forming one superspecies, and (b)

three “insular species” which are almost restricted to the West Indian islands. These sub-

groups are not sharply separated. Both the North and the Central American species (Sc.

caementarium and assimile, respectively) are also found on some of the West-Indian

islands, and one of the insular species, Sc. jamaicense, appears to be only subspecifically

different from a form which inhabits Lower California (/ucae).

assimile

Fig. 14. Approximate distribution of the madraspatanum-group in the New World, with figures of

the volsella of each species (cf. fig. 8). Cuba should be shaded like Central America.

In the greater part of the American area the group is represented by only a single

species, in other words the species are mainly allopatric. But some localities, particularly

in the West Indian islands, appear to be inhabited by more than one species. Three species

have been recorded from Cuba (Sc. assimile, argentifrons and jamaicense), and from

Mexico (Sc. caementarium, assimile and jamaicense lucae), but especially in the latter

case the sympatric occurrence deserves confirmation; in Puerto Rico both Sc. caementarium

and assimile have been collected recently; Jamaica appears to be inhabited by Sc. assimile

and jamaicense, Hispaniola by Sc. fasciatum and jamaicense.

218 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

I = CJ

dj Se Ae, New ce i Se A., North dre di Saen po

Bermuda Isl. Lesser Antilles: Montserrat (1965) Lesser Antilles: Guadeloupe

Sc. caementarium

2 N, Cen (

IA LS

Lesser Antilles:

Cuba (type) British Honduras Montserrat (1894)

Sc. assimile

Panama, Canal Zone

Curacao Suriname, Coronie Suriname, Marienburg

Brazil, Ceara Bolivia, Villa Montes Argentina, Mendoza

Argentina, Mendoza Chile, Cauquenés Chile, Santiago

Sc. asiaticum (- figulum)

Fig. 15. Anterior part of clypeus of the males of the three American mainland species

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 219

It must be remarked, however, that some of the observations are not synchronous and

that the possibility of temporary and local, relatively short-lived, invasions should not be

excluded. It would therefore be of particular interest to determine whether the absence of

recent records of, for example, Sc. assimile in Texas and Sc. fasciatum in St. Vincent,

really reflects the present distribution of these species. Especially in smaller islands the

turnover may be relatively rapid (Mayr, 1965).

With regard to the distribution of the American species in general it is of interest to

note that within ten years after the appearance of Darwin’s “Origin of Species” H. de

Saussure (1867) wrote: ‘Man sieht hier deutlich wie der amerikanische Pelopeus (sic!),

indem er sich vom Norden nach Süden ausbreitete, sich erst in locale Varietäten auflôste,

sich aber später in dem Maasse wie diese Varietäten auseinander gingen, zu förmlich

gesonderten geographischen Arten gestalteten, welche nun durch neue Migrationen geo-

graphisch in einander greifen”.

Since Porter (1926) differences in the shape of the clypeus have been used to separate

the males of the three common mainland species. Kohl (1918) did not know the male of

the Central American Sc. assimile, which in this respect is intermediate between the North

American Sc. caementarium and the South American Sc. astaticum. It has proved of

interest to make a detailed study of the male clypeus and its variability in the American

mainland species (Fig. 15). For this purpose we have measured the following variables:

A. the length of the anterior part of the clypeus, i.e. the portion protruding beyond

a line through the blunt lateral angles (Fig. 15, top row of Sc. asiaticum),

B. the depth of the incision between the apical teeth (= the length of the apical

teeth),

C. the width of the anterior part of the clypeus, measured at 1/, of its length from the

apex.

In order to reduce the influence of the variation in size of the head, all measures have

been expressed in percentages of the interocular distance at the clypeus.

The results of measuring A and B in the available males are shown in table 1 and in

Fig. 16.

Table 1. Measurements of clypeus of males of three American species.

species number locality A (length of anterior | B (length of teeth)

portion)

Sc. caementarium 15 WSEAS 20.7—24.4, av. 22.8 2.1— 6.2, av. 4.2

10 Lesser Antilles 20.5—25.0, av. 22.5 4.1— 5.5, av. 4.7

Sc. assimile 10 Texas - Costa Rica | 23.2—28.2, av. 25.7 44 7.9, av. 5.7

9 Cuba 23.4—27.0, av. 25.4 4.4— 6.7, av. 5.6

7 Jamaica; P. Rico 23.0—26.2, av. 24.7 4.3— 5.6, av. 4.9

20 Lesser Antilles 21.5—27.5, av. 24.4 2.5— 5.6, av. 4.4

Sc. asiaticum 3 Panama 26.6—28.1, av. 27.6 8.7—16.6, av. 12.6

14 Colombia - Suriname! 28.5—32.5, av. 30.1 | 18.1—22.8, av. 20.1

12 Bolivia - Argentina 27.4—32.2, av. 28.5 | 11.6—20.9, av. 16.4

It appears from these figures that the anterior portion of the clypeus is relatively

slightly longer in assimile than in caementarium, but that in general these two species

are close together, and that there is a considerable amount of overlapping. The South-

American Sc. asiaticum, although very variable, particularly in the length of the clypeal

teeth, is distinctly separated from the two others.1)

1) Apparently Kohl (1918) has overlooked that the two figures of the head of “Sc. figulus” in his

paper (Fig. 31 and 59) differ considerably, at least he does not comment on this fact.

220 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

Length of

clypeal teeth (B)

Colombia-

Suriname

Bolivia-Argentina

5 LEO

i asiaticum

Panama

@ U.S.A

O Lesser Antilles

-i assimile

3 A Texas-Costa Rica

x Cuba

2 n Jamaica, P Rico

caementarium + Lesser Antilles

20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

Length of anterior part of clypeus (A)

Fig. 16. Average and range of measurements A and Bin 4 of the three American mainland species

Width of anterior part of clypeus at - of its length (C)

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL: Subgenus Sceliphron

23° Length of .° geel. ‘ee,

clypeal teeth (B) ® °

= YP ie Venez. eCol.

21 Si eArg. e

20 a une eUrug. :

. eSur. . a

2 : . asiaticum

18 ° eArg O

17 : eParag. ta

. eArg.ePan

16 O Braz. °

. © eBol. .

e ePan. eUrug

15 a °°

14 +, eArg EI e

eChile

12 eChile

10 A Br Honduras

x Cuba

9 o Puerto Rico

+ Lesser Antilles ePan.

7 es

6 ere Pins x : NOR

ee APE £ R xi AO] O:

5 x x is °° O Q

DOK + = O Dee to. ORO

4 erst BCD OO celere teo °00009°°

ari gare o California

3 assimile i

o N.Carolina

2 caementarium

26027, 28° 1294 7305 31 3201336300. 35173697 37 NIE 390

Fig. 17. Measurements B and C of males of the three American mainland species

221

222 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

The nature of the variation in Sc. asiaticum deserves some comments. The few available

specimens from Panama (Fig. 15) seem to be transitional between asszmile and asiaticum

and suggest that in this area some hybridization may occur. In a series of specimens, here

indicated as “‘Colombia-Suriname” and comprising three males from Colombia, one from

Venezuela, three from Curagao and six from Suriname, the clypeal teeth are without

exception long and sharp, a condition which is only rarely found in males from the

southern part of South America.

It is evident from Fig. 15 that Sc. assimile differs from Sc. caementarium in having the

clypeus more strongly narrowed anteriorly. In order to express this difference we have

measured the width of the anterior portion of the clypeus at three fourths of its length

in a number of males of each of the three species. The results are shown in a diagram

(Fig. 17), in relation to the length of the clypeal teeth, again expressed as percentages

of the width of the smallest interocular distance at the clypeus. It is evident that in this

way the males of the three specimens are rather clearly separated.

Unfortunately we have failed to discover constant and reliable differences between

the females of Sc. assimile and Sc. asiaticum. Both are easily distinguished from the

North American Sc. caementarium by the pronounced reduction of the yellow colour on

the hind tibiae. Moreover we have found that in Central America, where Sc. assimile and

caementarium may occur together, the yellow spots at the base of the propodeum,

regularly present in the former, are absent in the latter. It is possible, however, that this

difference will prove to be less reliable than it seems to be on the basis of the limited

material now available to us.

In the females of Sc. assimile the hind tibiae usually have a yellow stripe of variable

length on the inner (under) side, whereas specimens with entirely black tibiae are not

rare in samples of Sc. asiaticum; yet as far south as Argentina one may find specimens

which agree in this respect with Sc. asszmile.

Concerning the three remaining American species (Fig. 14 and 18) we may remark

that they form a rather heterogeneous group. Sc. argentifrons and fasciatum, hitherto not

separated, are closely related inhabitants of some of the West Indian islands. They differ

from the other American species in numerous characters, which suggests that they have

become isolated rather long ago. Sc. jamaicense, on the other hand, resembles Sc. caemen-

tarium very closely, particularly in the shape of the clypeus and the genitalia of the male,

and is likely to have originated at a later date.

Sceliphron (Sceliphron) caementarium (Drury)

?‘‘Guépe ichneumon & maconne”, Réaumur, 1742, Mém. Hist. Ins. 6: 278, 279, PI. 28 F. 4, 5 —

“Saint Domingue’.

Sphex caementaria Drury, 1773, Illustr. Nat. Hist. 2, Index for vol. 1; description in vol. 1

(1770): 105, F. 6—8, PI. 45 F. 8—10 (nest) — “Antigua, St. Christopher's and Jamaica” (types

lost).

Sphex flavo-maculata DeGeer, 1773, Mém. serv. Hist. Ins. 3: 588, Pl. 30 F. 4 — “Pensylvanie”,

leg. Acrelius (NRS).

Sphex lunata Fabricius, 1775, Syst. Entom.: 347 — “Antigua”, leg. Drury (lectotype in coll.

Fabricius, UZMC).

Sphex flavipes Fabricius, 1781, Spec. Insect. 1: 444 — “America”, leg. Blackburn (lectotype in

coll. Fabricius, UZMC).

Sphex flavipunctata Christ, 1791, Naturg. d. Insekt.: 301, Pl. 30 F. 1, 9 — “Antigua, St.

Christoph und Jamaika” (new name for Sphex caementaria Drury).

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 223

Sphex affinis Fabricius, 1793, Entom. Syst. 2: 203 — “in Americae Insulis”, leg. von Rohr (syn-

types in coll. Fabricius, UZMC).

Pelopoeus architectus (Klug) Lepeletier, 1845, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym. 3: 313, Q — “New Orleans”,

coll. Spinola (?MT) [omitted by Kohl, 1918].

Pelopoeus servillei Lepeletier, 1845, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym. 3: 313, ® — “Sans patrie”, coll. Ser-

ville (MT).

Pelopoeus solieri Lepeletier, 1845, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym. 3: 318, 9 — “Guadeloupe”, coll. Ser-

ville (MT).

Pelopoeus canadensis Smith, 1856, Cat. Hym. Brit. Mus. 4: 233, 4 — “Canada” (BM, type no.

21.617).

Pelopoeus nigriventris Costa, 1864, Ann. Mus. Zool. Napoli 2 (1862): 60 — North America

(Mus. Naples).

Pelopoeus tahitensis Saussure, 1867, Reise “Novara”, Zool. 2, Hym.: 27, ® 6, PI. 2 F. 17 —

“Otahiti” (MNHG).

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) caementarium; Kohl, 1918, Annin naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 115.

Sceliphron caementarium; Porter, 1926, Proc. U.S. nation. Mus. 70: 5; Krombein, 1949, Proc.

Hawaii. ent. Soc. 13: 388 (Marshall Is. and Mariana Is.); Bohart and Menke, 1963, Univ. of Calif.

Publ. Ent. 30: 116.

Sceliphron caementarium is remarkable for having spread, more or less recently, far

beyond the limits of its original range. The colonizing capacity is even more pronounced

here than in Sc. madraspatanum. The originally North American species has not only

become established in many islands in the Pacific, in the West Indies and in Madeira

(here at least since 1825), but in recent years it appears also to have gained a foothold

in Peru and in Japan. It will be interesting to see how the species will behave in these

new habitats.

The abundance of names applied to this species is partly due to the rather variable

colour pattern. Initially almost every specimen not agreeing perfectly with an existing

description was described as a new species. H. de Saussure (1867) was the first to

recognize the variability of such characters as pubescence, coloration, and size. He wrote:

“Die Auctoren haben deswegen eine Menge Arten aufgestellt, welche aber nur verschie-

dene vom Klima erzeugte Modificationen weniger Formen darstellen.”’ He accepted Sc.

servillei with some doubt as a separate species and enumerated five varieties or “species

nascentes” as forms of Sc. caementarium.

Kohl (1918) arranged the eight colour varieties known to him in a key which clearly

demonstrates that the variation is correlated with the distribution to a very limited extent

only.

Bohart and Menke (1963) discuss the variation in colour pattern in rather general

terms and do not use the existing names. They point out that specimens from Canada

and the northern United States show a great reduction in the amount of yellow, and that

southward the yellow markings increase in size. They suggest that “this clinal variation

is probably explained by climatic factors”.

Evidently it is neither possible nor desirable to describe the variation of this species

on the American continent in terms of subspecies. Yet it seems useful to describe the

colour pattern of certain more or less homogeneous populations, particularly of those

units which have recently become established outside of the original range. It is evident

that these immigrants are now often living under ecological conditions which are much

different from those prevailing in their country of origin, and that their colour patterns

may not be in accordance with the correlations observed on the American mainland.

Perhaps a detailed study of the colour patterns might tell us something about the origin

224 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

of these immigrants; furthermore it would be of interest to determine whether the pat-

terns of the insular isolates are likely to change within relatively short periods under the

influence of different selection pressures.

For this purpose it would be useful to describe the colour patterns in a concise way,

and this might perhaps be done as follows:

Thorax: only:the};tegulacilgellows 4 „RL EAN ea)! ANO

markings more or less reduced . 2:10 nc Le

markings complete (pronotum, eenen scutellum,

postscutellum) 2

Propodeum: black 0

declivity + ler 1

basal spots and declivity allor 3 2

also dorsum partly yellow . EN 5)

partly yellow

entirely yellow .

First gastral tergite: black

spots or narrow gi bead i

wide apical band (at least half the Tenge) to on yellow

On this basis the pattern of the colour forms distinguished by Kohl (A—H) and

other authors may be described as follows:

Vera Ay da 0 0 0 0

Var. B 0 0 0 1

Var. C 1 0 0 0

Ver DIE LIE TORA ee Be AR 1 0 0 1

Var "Er D = — NS TIVEN nen vn AVS aero NUE Te 2250) 0 0

Var. F = caementarium = Fane = lunatum

= architectum (2.1.0.0.) = solieri = canadense

CANS MADEN ETD MARIA BIT 62 1 0 1-2

Var. G AO TA MR io ON PA 2 2—3 0-1 2

Vars Hi=öservillein. an AED Mairie MDN en 2

Northern America: see Bohart and Menke, 1963: 115, 117, Fig. 8; also Pilon and

Steiner, 1966: 484 and Fig. 2.

Key West: 1 2 June 1925, H. Boschma (ML).

Bermuda Is: 1 ® Bermuda, Owen Bryant, 1 ¢ do, W.S. Brooks (MCZ). 1 & Aug.-Sept.

1928, H. Boschma (ML); 2 ® 1 & Bermuda, July 1925 (BM, 1925-351).

Mexico: “Mexico”, 1 9 Sommer, 1 2 1 4 Sallé, 1 9 Boucard (NRS).

Puerto Rico: 1 2 Mayaguez, coll. E. Vazquez (MCZ), 1 9 Adjuntas, 16 Febr. 1965,

coll. Mendez (MCZ); 1 & Ponce, 1935, coll. L. Rivara (Puvera?) (MCZ).

Lesser Antilles: St. Thomas, 1 9 “P. lunatus F.’, coll. Westermann (UZMC), 4 2 leg.

Eggers (UZMC, 1 ® ML), 1 & coll. Hauschild (UZMC; thorax with extensive yellow markings,

propodeum with basal spots, posterior mark with “horns’ on dorsal area, petiole black, tergite 1

almost entirely yellow; index of pattern = 2302), 2 9 leg. Orsted (UZMC). — St. Croix, 1 2

coll. Hauschild (UZMC, tergite 1 almost black). — Montserrat, 2 9 Montserrat, 8 Sept., Pomerat

coll. (MCZ), 1 $ Bot. Garden, 1931, C. A. Gomez, 1 ® 11 Febr. 1931, Lt. A. D. Torlesse (BM);

1 & Belham River, 14 June 1965, 6 2 7 & Plymouth, 14—15 June 1965, D. C. Geijskes and

Mrs. E. Geijskes (ML; in all specimens gastral petiole entirely black; propodeum without basal spots,

except in one & which has small spots). — Guadeloupe, 1 $ 2 & Pointe-A Pitre, 7 June 1965,

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 225

D. C. Geijskes (ML). — Martinique, 6 2 (old specimens) “Martinique” (MCZ); 1 4 do. Ruins

of St. Pierre, Virginia Exp. (MCZ), 1 ® 30 Sept. 1925, L. E. Cheesman (BM). — St. Vincent,

1 & (BM). — Grenadines, 11 9 Moustique I., H. H. Smith (BM).

Peru: 3 2 1 & Sullana (4.52 S., 80.39 W.), Hda. Mallares, May 1954 (1 ®), Aug. 1954

(1 4) and May 1955 (2 9), W. Markl (NMB; 1 ® ML). — Evidently a recent introduction.

Madeira: 4 9 Madeira, leg. Wollaston (BM); 1 ® Madeira, 1825, coll. Hauschild, 1 & do.,

Rathke, coll. Sehestedt — T. Lund (UZMC); Madère, env. de Funchal, 1936, L. Chopard (MP).

Japan: According to information received from Prof. Iwata in 1960 this species was accidentally

introduced into Japan after the second world war; he said that it has become established there near

the cities of Tokyo, Yokohama, and Osaka; recently, Prof. K. Tsuneki wrote us that it occurs

throughout the flat land of Kanto Province, but that Osaka may be an incorrect record. Its life

history in Japan was studied by Dr. Toshitomo Shida, 1952 (Shin Konchü 5, no. 3).

Hawaiian Is.: in a series from these islands (BM) the yellow markings show a tendency

to disappear.

Wallis Is.: 3 ® 12 Nov. 1958, J. Rageau (BM, 1958-713).

Samoa: 1 4 W. Samoa, Aitutaki, March 1958 (LAM; propodeum with reduced yellow

mark at apex; petiole black, tergite 1 with yellow band).

Society Is: 1 ® Raiatea, 26 May 1925, 1 ® Bora bora, L. E. Cheesman (BM); Tahiti, 6

March 1925, L. E. Cheesman (BM); 1 2 1 & Tahiti, Papeari, April 1926, coll. G. Olrik (UZMC);

series Papeete (MP).

(BM); series “Nukuhiva” (MP).

Gambier Is.: series from Mangareva, Rikitea, 1905, G. Seurat (MP).

New Caledonia: 7 9 2 & Anse Vata, Jan.-Febr. 1957, J. Rageau (BM); series Nouméa

(MP).

Additional localities where the species has been introduced more or less recently: Marshall Islands,

Marianas, and Fiji (Bohart & Menke, 1963: 117), and the area around Brisbane (in lit. Dr. E. F.

Riek, Dec. 1956).

Sceliphron (Sceliphron) assimile (Dahlbom)

Pelopoeus assimilis Dahlbom, 1843, Hym. Europ. 1: 23, ¢ 9 — “Cuba”, leg. Lefebvre (Mus.

Lund).

Pelopoeus cementarius {!}; Cresson, 1865, Proc. ent. Soc. Philad. 4: 134 (Cuba).

Sceliphron caementarium var. nicaraguanum Kohl, 1918, Annin naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 118 —

“Nicaragua” (ZMB).

Sceliphron assimile; Porter, 1926, Proc. U.S. nation. Mus. 70: 9; Bohart & Menke, 1963, Univ.

of Calif. Publ. Ent. 30: 115, F. 8, 61.

Porter’s identification of this species was based on notes made by H. T. Fernald, who

studied the types in 1913. According to Porter the range of Sc. assimile includes “the

extreme southern part of Texas, Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and the

northern part of South America”. This is partly incorrect: there are no reliable records

from South America, and the species inhabits only part of the West Indies. Bohart and

Menke have recorded this species from Texas, Central America (Mexico-Panama) and

Cuba. The occurrence in Panama appears to need confirmation; on the other hand there

is no doubt that Jamaica, Puerto Rico, and some of the Lesser Antilles are included in the

range.

It would be interesting to make a detailed study of the relations between Sc. caemen-

tarium and assimile in the zone of overlap of these species. The southern limit of the

range of Sc. caementarium in Mexico is not well known. Whereas two females from

Jalisco in the British Museum are certainly assimile, we noted with interest that a female

from this province in the same collection has a clear yellow ring at the base of the hind

226 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

tibiae. Unfortunately this character is not reliable enough to state with certainty that this

specimen is a true caementarium. It is desirable to pay special attention to the collecting

of males in the areas where both species might occur.

Texas: 8 9 “Tex. no. 1576” = Brownsville, 20 July 1895, F. B. Armstrong (figulus det.

B. A. Porter) (USNM); 1 9 Brownsville, 30 April 1895, C. H. T. Townsend, 1 4 do., without

date (USNM), 1 & Mission, 7 Febr. 1940, Phil Rau, no. 2384 (1 & with similar label no. 2407?)

(USNM); 1 @ Ft. Ringgold, 18 May 1895 (USNM).

Mexico: 1 9 2 4 “Mexico”, Sallé, 1 4 Lovén (NRS); 2 $ 1 & “Mex”, coll. Saunders

(OUM); 1 @ Presidio, Forrer, coll. Cameron (BM); 2 2 Santiago Iscuintla, Jalisco, July, Schu-

mann (BM); 1 4 Navarrete, Tepic, Schumann (BM); 1 9 1 & Colima, L. Conradt (USNM);

1 2 1 & Acapulco, 3 May 1952, Galathea Exp. 1950—’52 (UZMC); series of 2 2 and 1 4 from

N. Yucatan, leg. Gaumer (BM).

British Honduras: 2 9 Br. Honduras (BM); 1 3 Br. Honduras, R. Sarstoon Blancaneau

(ML).

Costa Rica: 1 9 1 & San Lucas, July 1934, C. H. Ballou (USNM); 1 ® Bebedero, las

Cañas, June-July 1930, Reimoser (NMW; first gastral tergite nearly black); 1 Q San José, Aug.

1930, Tristan (ML); 2 9 San José, March 1932, Schmidt (ZMB); 1 4 San Juan, July 1930, Tristan

(NMW).

Cuba: 1 £ 1 & “Cuba, D. Lefebvre”, types (Mus. Lund); 3 2 3 & “Cuba, Guérin, ex coll.

Monchicourt” (ML); 1 ® Havana, leg. Baker (BM, ex coll. Cameron, 1903-297); 1 2 Las Animas,

Pinar del Rio, 1500 ft., 3—5 Sept. 1934, S. C. Bruner and A. R. Otero (MCZ); 1 9 1 & Santiago

de las Vegas, Habana, 1 Nov. 1934 and 14 Sept. 1930, S. C. Bruner (MCZ). Santa Clara, 14 2

4 & San Blas, Trinidad Mts., Aug. 1932, B. B. Leavitt (MCZ, 1 2 1 & ML); 1 2 Buenos Aires,

8 Aug. 1932, B. B. Leavitt (MCZ); 1 ® Buenos Aires, Trinidad Mts., 17—23 June 1939, C. T.

Parsons (MCZ); 1 ® Mina Carlota, Trinidad Mts., 11—16 July 1939, C. T. Parsons (MCZ).

4 ® 1 @ Soledad, Cienfuegos, Aug.-Sept. 1930, Richard Dow (MCZ); 3 & Castillo de Jagua,

Cienfuegos, 5 Sept. 1930, R. Dow (MCZ); 1 9 2 & Baragua, Camaguey, June-July 1932, Bates

and Fairchild (MCZ); 1 ® do. July, U. C. Loftin (MCZ); 1 & Jobabo, Jan., C. F. Stahl (MCZ).

Jamaica: 1 9 “Jamaica” (NRS); East Jamaica, 2 & Golden Grove, 7 July 1962, 1 4

Duckenfield, 12 July 1962, G. F. Mees (ML); 2 9 “Jamaica, W. I.”, coll. W. Schaus (USNM).

Puerto Rico: 2 9 3 & Mayaques, 9 Aug. 1963, P. H. van Doesburg Jr. (ML); 1 4 San

Juan, 1—3 Febr. 1967, H. E. Evans (MCZ).

Lesser Antilles: St. Martin, 1 9 Rijgersma (ML). — St. Kitts, 6 9 4 & Basse Terre,

May-June, C. Roys (MCZ); 2 & Wingfield Est., 15 July 1960, Imp. College Exp. (BM). — Mont-

serrat: 3 2 6 & 31 March 1894, 1 2 3 & “Iss.” [issued] 9 May 1894 (one & with label “Gen.

IV”), 2 & “Iss.” 19 May 1894 (one & with label “Gen. I”, 2 9 5 & “Iss”. 1 June 1894, 1 4

“Iss.” 2 July 1894, 1 2 “Iss.” 16 July 1894, C. V. Riley (USNM, no. 6204); it is of interest to

note that the series “no. 6204, Montserrat, C. V. Riley” also contains a 9 of Sc. caementarium (basal

half of hind tibiae yellow; basal spots of propodeum lacking, but present in all specimens recorded

above), collected 18 March 1894. — ?St. Lucia, 2 ® Vigil Beach, 16 May 1965, 1 9 Blue Water

Beach Hotel, 20 May 1965, D. C. Geijskes (ML); the identification remains somewhat uncertain

so long as no males have been collected in this island.

Sceliphron (Sceliphron) asiaticum asiaticum (Linné)

Sphex asiatica Linné, 1758, Syst. Nat., 10th ed.: 569 — “in Indiis”; 1764, Mus. Ludov. Ulric.:

405 (“Asia”).

Pelopoeus figulus Dahlbom, 1843—5, Hym. Eur. 1: 23, 434, 9 — “e Gallia meridionali”, leg.

Westermann (1843: 23), “America” (1845: 434).

Pelopoeus vindex Lepeletier, 1845, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym. 3: 317, 4 — “Cayenne”, coll. Serville

(MT).

Pelopoeus bimaculatus Lepeletier, 1845, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym. 3: 319, 9 — “Cayenne”, coll.

Serville (?MT).

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) figulus; Kohl, 1918, Annin naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 119.

Sceliphron figulum; Porter, 1926, Proc. U.S. nation. Mus. 70: 11.

Sceliphron asiaticum; van der Vecht, 1959, Ent. Ber., Amst. 19: 129, 132.

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 227

Pelopoeus bimaculatus Lep. was regarded by Kohl (1918) as identical with Sc. fistula-

rium (Dahlb.), but we agree with Porter (1926) that it belongs in the synonymy of

Sc. asiaticum. The specimens recorded by Kohl from Mexico, Guatemala, and Nicaragua,

almost certainly belong to Sc. assimile.

For a discussion of the characters of this species we may refer to the key and to pp.

217—222. The yellow markings of the propodeum are variable, as noted by Kohl (l.c.:

120); in specimens from northern localities the dorsum is often more extensively marked

with yellow than in those from the central and southern parts of the range.

Panama: 2 2 2 & Panama, Boucard (BM); 1 ® 1 & Ancon, C.Z., 28 April 1922, J. Zetek

and F. Molino (USNM).

Colombia: series prov. Magdalena and Sevilla (BM); 1 4 Cali (ZMB); 1 2 Cali, July-

Sept. 1959, J. G. Betrem, 1 2 Valle del Cauca, Palmira, 10 April 1959, E. Sanguino (ML).

Venezuela: 1 9 Merida (UZMC); 6 2 2 & Caracas, leg. Styrup, coll. Drewsen (UZMC);

2 @ Caracas, van Lansberge (ML); 5 2 Acosta, Falcon, leg. Kugler (NMB; 2 $ ML); 1 9

Maracay, La Trinidad, 1—14 July 1934, C. Vogl (ZMB).

Curacao: 2 & “Curacao”, leg. Father Jansen (ML); 1 9 Parera, 9 Febr. 1939, H. W. Cossee

(ML); 1 2 1 & Caribbean Marine Biol. Inst., Oct.-Nov. 1956, R. H. Cobben (ML); 1 9 St. Bar-

bara, 5 Sept. 1963, D. C. Geijskes (ML).

Aruba: 1 @ 10 May 1955, P. Wagenaar Hummelinck (ML); 2 @ April 1957, R. H. Cobben

(ML).

Trinidad: 6 2 3 & Trinidad, E. B. Connell, 1914-383 (BM).

British Guyana: Richards (1937) does not mention this species; according to Bodkin

(1918, Trans. R. ent. Soc. 1917: 315) it is less numerous in British Guiana than Sc. fistularium.

Suriname: series from the coastal area: Tibiti Savanne, Coronie, Groningen, Paramaribo and

environs, Marienburg, Afobaka, Galibi, throughout the year, several collectors (ML); 1 2 1 &

Upper Corantine River, Coeroeni Air Strip, 18—22 June 1963, J. G. Wessels Boer (ML).

Brazil: 2 2 “Brasilia”, Esterro (MBUD); 3 2 1 4 “Brasilia”, coll. Drewsen, “bimaculatus

Lep.” (UZMC); 1 @ “Brasil”, leg. Calkoen (ML); 2 ® “Brasil”, from Mus. Berlin (ML); series

Pará (BM); 1 ® 1 & Ceará, 1931, Dias de la Roche (USNM); 1 ® Amazon, Rio Autaz, leg.

Roman (NRS); 1 9 Santa Catarina, Nova Teutonia, Dec. 1954, P. Flaumann (ML); 1 2 do,

without date (NRS); 1 ® Santa Catarina, Neu Bremen, Rio Laeiss, 5 Febr. 1933, Fr. Hoffmann

(ZMB); 1 2 Rio Grande do Sul (ML); 1 9 do., San Leopoldo, J. W. Stahl (NRS); 4 2 1 & do,

Pelotas, 10 Dec. 1947, M. de Biezanko (NMW).

“Bol. Chac.”(?), Erland Nordenskjöld (NRS).

Paraguay: Sapucay, W. Forster (BM, 1905-188); 1 9 1 4 Chaco, Nanawa, in copula (BM);

1 9 La Zanja (?La Zauja), W. Sörensen (UZMC); 7 2 Colon. Risso, coll. Dr. Ternez (NMB,

TOME):

Uruguay: 3 2 2 & “Uruguay”, leg. Boucard (NRS); 1 ® do, from Meyer-Dür (ML);

1 2 Montevideo, Galathea Exp. (UZMC); 1 ® do., Kröyer (UZMC).

Argentina: Formosa, 1 & Gran Guardia, Jan. 1953 (ML). — Misiones Terr, 1 2 Posadas,

13—15 Febr. 1927, F. & M. Edwards (BM). — N. Argentina, 1 4 Chaco de Santiago, leg. Wagner

(NRS); 3 2 Tucuman, coll. Wüstnei (UZMC). — La Rioja, series Patquia (BM). — Santa Fé,

Rio San Javier, G. E. Bryant (BM, 1912-268). — Cordoba, 1 2 leg. Dohrn (ML). — Mendoza,

1 & Mendoza, March 1946, coll. Mauzoner (ML), 3 9 do., 13 March 1908, P. Jorgensen (UZMC),

1 6 do, 8 April 1908, Jensen-Haarup (UZMC), 4 9 7 & Est. Pedregal, Jensen-Haarup (UZMC,

2 9 2 & ML); 2 @ 5 6 Chacras de Coria, Febr.-April 1907 and Jan.-Febr. 1908, P. Jörgensen

(UZMC), series San Rafael (MP), 1 @ Potrerillos, 6 Jan. 1927, F. & M. Edwards (BM). —

Buenos Aires, 2 9 delta of Parana near Buenos Aires, Febr. 1929, Lt. C. Morley Knight (BM, ML);

1 2 1 & Rio de la Plata, coll. Schiödte, 1 9 1 & do. coll. Westermann, 1 & do. coll. Drewsen

(UZMC).

228 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

Sceliphron asiaticum chilense (Spinola)

Pelopoeus chilensis Spinola, 1851, in Gay, Hist. fis. Chile, Zool. 6: 395, 4 ® — Chile (?MT).

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) figulus var. chilense; Kohl, 1918, Annln naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 48, 120.

Chile: 2 9 ‘Chile’ (BM 86-28); 170 1 4 “Chile”, Reed (OUM) 297782 ChilezsDr

E. P. Reed (BM); 1 & “Chili”, coll. Drewsen (UZMC); 1 ® Valparaiso, Dr. F. Reed (ML);

1 2 do, Galatea (UZMC); 1 2 1 & Santiago, 1923, Father Claude-Joseph (USNM); 1 4 do.

27 Dec. 1923, A. Faz (ML); 1 ® Rancagua, Dec. 1904, P. Herbst (MBUD); 3 9 1 4 Cauquénes,

Febr. 1899, Schoenemann (ZMB).

Argentina: 1 ® Mendoza, March 1946, coll. Manzoner (ML); 1 2 prov. Neuquen, Junin

de los Andes, 19 Jan. 1955, “on mud nest below window-sill”, J. B. Ricketts (BM).

Sceliphron (Sceliphron) fasciatum (Lepeletier)

Pelopoeus fasciatus Lepeletier, 1845, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym. 3: 315, $ — “Sans patrie”, coll. Ser-

ville (MT).

Sceliphron fasciatum; ?Ashmead, 1900, Trans. R. ent. Soc. Lond. 1900: 229 (St. Vincent, 6 9

4 &); Schulz, 1903, Sber. bayer. Akad. Wiss. 1903: 470, Pl. Fig. 4 (Haiti) [overlooked by Kohl,

1918].

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) argentifrons; Kohl, 1918, Annin naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 112 [pro parte].

Sceliphron fasciatum; Porter, 1926, Proc. U.S. nation. Mus. 70: 16 (“Isle of Pines, Haiti and

Cuba”) [pro parte!].

Both Kohl (1918) and Porter (1926) failed to discover that the Antillean islands are

inhabited by two very similar black-legged species of Sceliphron. Kohl recorded them

together under the name argentifrons, and deliberately avoided the use of Lepeletier’s

older name fasciatum, because his specimens did not agree in all respects with this

author’s description. Both Ashmead and Porter treated argentifrons as a synonym of

fasciatum, apparently without having seen the type of the latter species.

After we had found that two species are involved, it became particularly important to

determine the identity of Pelopoeus fasciatus Lepeletier. The type is preserved in the

Spinola collection of the “Istituto e Museo di Zoologia dell’ Universita” at Turin.

Fortunately, upon our request, one of the scientists of this Institute, Dr. U. Parenti,

kindly compared this specimen with some sketches and notes indicating the differences

between the two species. He was thus able to ascertain that Sc. fasciatum and Sc. argen-

tifrons are not identical.

Hispaniola: Dominican Republic, 6 Q 4 4 Haina and La Romana, pres. by Imp. Inst. Ent.

(BM, 1930-336; 1 @ 1 4 ML); 1 $ “S. Domingo”, received about 1840 from Mus. Berlin (ML);

1 9 “S. Domingo” (NMW). — Haiti, 1 9 Mt. Rouis, 14 Aug. 1934, M. Bates (MCZ); 4 9

swamps of Dessalines, 11 Sept. 1934, M. Bates (MCZ; 1 9 ML); 2 9 Port au Prince & vic., 3 Oct.

1934, Darlington (MCZ).

Guadeloupe: 2 2 leg. Gourbeyre, June-July 1952, L. Berland (MP; “argentifrons det.

Berland”).

St. Vincent: apparently the species has not been collected here since it was recorded by

Ashmead (1900). This record was almost certainly incorrect; see p. 254.

Two females from “Cuba” (NMW), both with illegible collector's label (?“Aithr”), are almost

certainly incorrectly labelled.

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 229

Sceliphron (Sceliphron) argentifrons (Cresson)

Pelopoeus argentifrons Cresson, 1865, Proc. ent. Soc. Philadelphia 4: 136 — “Cuba” (1 @ coll.

Ent. Soc. Philad.).

Sceliphron argentifrons; Kohl, 1918, Annln naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 112, 9 & [pro parte!].

Sceliphron fasciatum; Porter, 1926, Proc. U.S. nation. Mus. 70: 16 (syn.: Sc. argentifrons Cres-

son) [pro parte!].

The characters distinguishing this species from the similar inhabitant of the islands of

Hispaniola and Guadeloupe are enumerated in the key. The distribution and ethology

of both these species deserve further study.

Cuba: 3 $ “Havane, ’64”, leg. Poey, coil. Sichel (MP); 1 $ 1 & Guantanamo, H. Rolle

(NMW); 1 2 “Cuba, Richt”, G. Mayr, 1870 (NMW); 1 ® “Cuba, Wthm” (NMW); 3 9

“Cuba”, Ch. Wright (MCZ, 1 9 ML); 1 2 Isla de Pinos, 5 June 1913, R. Oertel (MCZ); 2 9

Vilches Potrero, Soledad, Cienfuegos, 19 Aug. 1930, Richard Dow (MCZ).

y \

"Mexico" einer Cuba cene Republic

) i De ers

"St. Dom." Guantanamo, Cuba Dom. Republic

Fig. 18. Central American species: anterior part of clypeus, with mandibles, and antennal segments

1—3

Sceliphron (Sceliphron) jamaicense jamaicense (Fabricius)

Sphex jamaicensis Fabricius, 1775, Syst. Entom.: 347 — “Jamaica” (type lost?).

Sphex iamaicensis {!}; Fabricius, 1781, Spec. Insect. 1: 444.

Pelopoeus annulatus (Klug MSS.) Cresson, 1865, Proc. ent. Soc. Philadelphia 4: 135, 2g —

“Cuba” (types, 1 2 2 @, coll. Ent. Soc. Philadelphia).

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) jamaicense; Kohl, 1918, Annin naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 114 (Cuba;

Jamaica; Haiti).

Sceliphron jamaicensis; Porter, 1926, Proc. U.S. nation. Mus. 70: 5, 17 (Haiti; Bahamas; Cuba;

Jamaica).

Sceliphron jamaicense; Krombein, 1953, Am. Mus. Novit. 1633: 17 (5 9 Bimini, South Bahamas).

Cuba: 12 2 4 4 Guantanamo, from H. Rolle (NMW; 1 2 1 4 ML); 1 9 from unknown

locality, from Monchicourt, is perhaps from Cuba (ML); 1 9 Guaro Oriente (MCZ); 1 9 Preston

Oriente, Corua (MCZ); 1 9 Jobabo, “I-21-25, TPRF, Ent. no. 82”, C. F. Stahl (MCZ); 1 2

“Cuba”, Dohrn (NRS).

230 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

Jamaica: 2 ® Jamaica (BM, 47-62); 1 ® Jamaica (BM, 45-110).

S. Domingo, S. Henshaw, acc. no. 3668 (MCZ); 1 ® San José de las Matas, Dom. Rep., 1000—

2000 ft., June 1938, Darlington (MCZ).

Bahamas: 1 2 Simon’s, Long Island, July; 1 2 Nassau, XI; 2 @ Nassau, New Providence,

28 June 1904, Allen, Barbour and Bryant; 1 9 1 & Cat Island, Arthurs Town, July-Aug. 1935,

W. J. Clench (all MCZ).

Sceliphron (Sceliphron) jamaicense lucae (Saussure)

Pelopoeus lucae Saussure, 1867, Reise Novara, Zool. 2 (1): 30, 9 6 — “California inferior;

Promontorium St. Lucae” (? location of type).

Sceliphron lucae; Porter, 1926, Proc. U.S. nation. Mus. 70: 19 (“California; Lower California”);

Bohart and Menke, 1963, Univ. of Calif. Publ. Ent. 30: 117 (“southern part of Baja California”).

This form is so similar to typical Sc. jamaicense that we have decided to reduce it to

subspecific status. The characteristic shape of the clypeus of the male is very similar in

the two forms (Fig. 18), and a comparison of the male genitalia has shown that these

agree in all details.

The gastral petiole varies from brownish yellow to dark brown.

Lower Galifornia: 2-2 “Basse Galif.”,. Diguet, 178-95 (MP): 209 2% 3) GapeStelencass

Sichel, with label “dispar Sichel” (MP).

Mexico: 3 @ 2 & Etat de Jalisco, environs de Guadalajara, 1903, L. Diguet (MP).

B. Group OF Sceliphron spirifex (L.)

Male genitalia: Fig. 20—22, 25 and 26; pubescence of parameres short in arabs and

hemipterum, with a varying number of long hairs in the other species; the row of teeth

on the distal part of the aedeagus most distinct in arabs and fistularium, more or less

reduced in the other species; apex of aedeagus truncate in hemipterum and destillatorium,

roundly truncate in fzstwlarium, and produced into a lateral tooth in the other species,

in spirifex with a distinct tubercle just below the tooth; volsellar lamina on inner side

produced into a bluntly rounded tooth in spirifex, javanum, and laetum, not or only

slightly projecting there in the other species; pubescence of cuspis usually short, partly

moderately long in arabs, and very long and dense in spirifex and javanum; volsellar

digitus with short pubescence, its shape generally characteristic for the species, although

subject to a certain degree of intra-specific variation (Fig. 25).

It is noteworthy that Sc. arabs, which in the female sex agrees with the madraspatanum-

group in having a tooth on the inner side of the mandibles, also shows affinities with

this group in the characters of the male genitalia (pubescence of parameres, teeth on

aedeagus, shape of volsellar digitus).

Key to the species of the spir/fex-group

1. Mandibles of ® simple, without tooth on inner side. Mesoscutum and scutellum

normali az; eda el ai RO O RARO MUR ES Lo À

furrows, the median furrow short and shallow, the lateral furrows deeper and

231

Subgenus Sceliphron

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL:

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232

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

meeting posteriorly in front of the scutellum. Scutellum bituberculate; postscutellum

convex, with weak median impression. — S.W. Asia. . . . arabs (Lepeletier)

. Mesoscutum anteriorly transversely striate, posteriorly longitudinally striate, the

striae fairly sharp, the interspaces not punctate. Second submarginal cell sometimes

(?often) anteriorly slightly wider than the third ur and postscutellum

yellow). — S.W. Asia. . . . . . pietschmanni (Kohl)

Mesoscutum more or less distinctly striate, hit the striae not very sharply defined

and the interspaces distinctly punctate. Second submarginal cell ai as a rule

. Thorax and legs without yellow Bites Sides si ae partly a brownish red.

— Madagascar and neighbouring islands; New Caledonia. hemipterum (Fabricius)

At least the legs marked with yellow. . . . no

. Tegulae and usually also the postscutellum marked ith ve sf CIAO

Tegulae and postscutellum black. Gastral petiole as long as the hind tibiae, or a

little shorter or longer. . . «Ye or

. Gastral petiole relatively short, ole about i) of the Iden of the hind tibia.

Mesepisternum, propodeum, first gastral tergite and hind coxae black. Appressed

pubescence (tomentum) of face silvery. Striation of sides of propodeum moderately

coarse, the grooves between the ridges distinctly punctate. — Mediterranean through

Asia to China. . . . . . . . destillatorium (Illiger)

Gastral petiole about as Ide as he ied tibia or slightly longer. Mesepisternum

with yellow or orange-yellow mark beneath the tegula; propodeum usually marked

with yellow at apex; first gastral tergite and hind coxae marked with yellow. Face

with golden tomentum. Striation of sides of propodeum coarser; the grooves between

the ridges very finely longitudinally rugose, not punctate. . . . . . . . 6

. Propodeum separated from the metapleura by a deep groove. First antennal segment

yellow; the other segments black. Prothorax on each side with yellow spot.

Propodeum on each side with three yellow spots: one laterally at base, one on the

dorsal area, and one at apex. Gastral petiole thin, black with narrow yellow line on

upper and under side. Hind legs black, with yellow spots on upper and under side

of coxae and yellow line on outer side of femora. — South America .

phen fistularium (Dahlbom)

Bicftodetim sad metiplenta schatte br a distinct groove at apex only. Antennal

segments 1 and 2 yellow, 3—6 or 3—7 yellow to ferruginous, more or less

extensively brownish to blackish on outer side. Prothorax without lateral yellow spot.

Propodeum with a single yellow mark at apex only (sometimes reduced or absent).

Gastral petiole orange-yellow, sometimes more or less infuscated. Hind legs with

at least the trochanters, the basal two thirds of the tibiae and the tarsal segments

1—4 yellow to ferruginous (metatarsus blackish at base); extent of yellow or fer-

ruginous at base of hind femora variable. — Australia; New Guinea and neigh-

bouring islands; Celebes . . . . . laetum (Smith)

. Basal part of hind tibiae and hind fone low the Seal part black (Fig. 23). —

S: Europes SW Astasy African. eae . . Spirtfex (Linnaeus)

Hind tibiae either entirely black or yellow to loten Dour hind femora variable

23 and ga — S.E. Asia; New Guinea, not in Celebes and Moluccas .

| ae coh : javanum (Lepeletier)

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL: Subgenus Sceliphron 233

Sceliphron (Sceliphron) arabs (Lepeletier)

Pelopoeus arabs Lepeletier, 1845, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym. 3: 309, 4 — “Arabie”, coll. Serville

(MP!).

Pelopoeus caucasicus E. André, 1888, Spéc. Hym. Europe 3: 109, 9, PI. VII Fig. 3, 5, 9 —

“Caucase” (coll. André).

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) caucasicum; Kohl, 1918, Annln naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 90, 9 4.

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) arabs; Kohl, 1918, Annln naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 132 (unidentified

species; “vielleicht eine Abänderung des Sc. madraspatanum’’).

This remarkable species is transitional between the groups of madraspatanum and

spirifex, having a tooth on the inner side of the mandibles as well as angular hind coxae.

As noted above, certain characters of the male genitalia confirm that this species occupies

an intermediate position.

As the lectotype the senior author has selected a male in the Paris Museum; it bears an

old label “Arabie”, but this has evidently been misread by somebody who put a printed

label “Mus. Paris, Grèce, Ile d’Eubée” on the pin and this may be the reason why the

specimen has not been recognized as a type. According to information received from

Prof. L. Pardi there is no typical material of this species in the Spinola collection in

Turin. The specimen in Paris agrees well with the description; the pubescence of the

head is rather dirty and this may explain why Lepeletier wrote ‘Caput... nigro pilosum”.

Kohl has suggested that P. arabs Lep. might be a variety of Sc. madraspatanum, but we

do not know a form of this species with the colour pattern described by Lepeletier. In

the British Museum this species was correctly identified as arabs Lepeletier.

Turkey:3 4 Turkey (BM, 50-105); 1 4 Adana, from Rolle, Berlin (NMW); 1 4 Kozan,

26 June 1955, Erich Schmidt (coll. de Beaumont); 1 ® Diyarbekir, 2 July 1937, leg. Ramme

(ZMB); 2 2 Diyarbekir, July 1937 (MBUD; ML); 1 & Amanus “C.D. 1891”, coll. de Gaulle

(MP).

U. S.S.R.: Azerbaydzhan, 2 & Yevlakh (“Jewlach, Transkaukasus”), 1886 (NMW).

Syria: 1 ® Nahr Kuwaik near Aleppo, 27 May 1952, Erich Schmidt (coll. de Beaumont);

3 9 Akbes, coll. de Gaulle (MP).

Iraq: 1 9 Baghdad, 1913, Mattanovich (MBUD); 2 2 Baghdad, May-July 1922, Maj. J. E. M.

Boyd (BM).

Iran: 1 9 S.W. Persia, Escalera (BM, 1900-61); 1 2 Kut, May 1918, Maj. T. D. Broughton

(BM); 1 ® Bushire (= Bushehr) (ETHZ); 8 2 Fez Charab, 31 July 1910, Mesopot. Expedition

(NMW; 1 2 ML).

In the British Museum the senior author saw a specimen labelled “Tenasserim, Moul-

mein, Bingham coll.”, and Kohl (1918) reports that the Mus. Berlin possesses specimens

from this same collection which are said to come from Sikkim and Burma; we agree with

him, however, that the occurrence in these areas needs confirmation.

Sceliphron (Sceliphron) pietschmanni Kohl

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) pietschmanni Kohl, 1918, Annin naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 15, 91, 2 —

Hsitsche, Mesopotamia, leg. Pietschmann, 1910 (1 9, NMW!).

This species has the rich colour pattern of Sc. arabs (Lepeletier), but differs in having

no tooth on the inner side of the mandibles; the postscutellum is marked with yellow.

Prof. de Beaumont kindly sent us a female specimen, collected at Abu Ghuraib in

Iraq, 31 July 1944, by A. T. Meymarian; we noted that it is closely related to Sc. spirifex,

but that it differs as follows.

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

234

destillatorium

istularium

laetum

irifex

Fig. 20. Ventral view of male genitalia of species of the spirifex-group

235

Subgenus Sceliphron

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL :

terum

emi

Mauritius

fistularium

Suriname

destillatorium

Oran,Algeria

spirifex

Syria

Azerbaydzhan

laetum

New Guinea

Fig. 21. Dorsal view of male genitalia of species of the spirifex-group

236 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

arabs hemipterum

Azerbaydzhan Mauritius

destillatorium

Algeria

javanum javanum chinense laetum fistularium

Java Kwangtung New Guinea Suriname

Fig. 22. Inner side of left half of aedeagus of species of the spirifex-group

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 237

Thorax more elongate; length (from anterior vertical surface of pronotum to apex of

propodeum) more than twice the distance between the outer margins of the tegulae (27 :

13); mesoscutum sharply striate, without punctures between the striae; thorax rather

sparsely pubescent; second submarginal cell anteriorly slightly wider than the third; both

cells rather strongly narrowed anteriorly (second cell width at base and at top 44 : 23 in

left wing, 45 : 21 in right wing; third cell 37 : 20).

Some further notes on this specimen: interocular distance on vertex smaller than at the

clypeus (25 : 31), antennal segments 3 : 4 = 25 : 20, length of gastral petiole = 83.

Posterior ocelli as far from the eyes as from each other.

Femora I orange yellow with dark base, on femora II the dark colour extends a little

beyond the middle, the outer third of femora III is black, not very sharply defined; all

tibiae yellow, but tibiae II slightly infuscated near apex and tibiae III with irregularly

defined dark ring on apical fourth; tarsi dark, except for the hind metatarsus, which is

yellow with narrow dark ring at base and apex. Markings of antennae and thorax as

described by Kohl (1918), but tegulae brownish on slightly less than the posterior half.

In a female from Baghdad, 1913, Mattanovich (MBUD), the second submarginal

cell is slightly narrower anteriorly than the third (24 : 25 in left wing, 22 : 25 in right

wing); otherwise this specimen agrees well with the one described above.

This is the only species in the subgenus Sceliphron of which the male is yet unknown.

Sceliphron (Sceliphron) hemipterum (Fabricius)

“Guépe ichneumon”, Réaumur, 1742, Mém. Hist. Ins. 6: 279, PI. 28 Fig. 7 — Isle de France,

leg. Cossigny {notes on bionomics].

Sphex hemiptera Fabricius, 1798, Entom. System., Suppl.: 244 — “Isle de France”, coll. Bosc

(MP!).

Sceliphron fuscum Klug, 1801, Neue Schrift. Ges. Naturf. Fr. Berlin 3: 566.

?Pelopoeus fuscus Lepeletier, 1845, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym. 3: 311, 9 — “Sans patrie”, coll. Ser-

ville (location of type?) [invalid secondary homonym of Sceliphron fuscum Klug, 1801].

Sceliphron quodi Vachal, 1907, Rev. Ent. Caen 26: 144, 9 — New Caledonia (MP!); Kohl,

1918, Annln naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 138 (unidentified species).

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) hemipterum; Kohl, 1918, Annln naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 108.

The type of Sphex hemiptera F. is in the general collection of the Paris Museum; this

collection also contains the types, a female and a male, of Sceliphron quodi Vachal. Very

probably this species has been transported by French ships from Madagascar to New

Caledonia.

Seychelles: series in NMW; 1 9 Mahé, Jan. 1953, E. S. Brown (Sc. guodi Vachal det.

Nixon, pres. by C.I.E., 1954-113, BM); series from Mahé in MP.

Aldabra Is: 1 4 June-July 1916, P. R. Dupont (BM).

Comoren Is: 1 2 Johanna I., 77—58 (BM).

Nossi-Bé: series in NMW.

Madagascar: series in BM, MP, NMW; 1 ® Tamatave (NRS). — According to a note

by Seyrig in MP, this species preys on Thomisidae, Argiopidae, Salticidae, etc.

Mascarene Is.: Mauritius, 1 9 48—53, 1 9 57—53, 1 2 57—140; 1 2 9 Nov. 1905.

1 4 6 Febr. 1906, N. Manders (1915-147), all in BM: 1 ® Mauritius, Monchicourt (compared

by the senior author with Fabrician specimen in Mus. Copenhagen, Aug. 1959); 3 9 Mauritius,

from Mus. Berlin (ML); 2 ® “Isle de France” (= Mauritius), coll. Westermann (UZMC); 1 9

do, coll. Drewsen, 1 ® do. coll. Colsm. (UZMC); 1 & Réunion, Poller (ML); series from

Mauritius and Réunion (MP).

New Caledonia: 1 2 1 4, types of Sc. guodi (MP); 3 ® Noumea (BM).

238 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

Sceliphron (Sceliphron) destillatorium (Illiger)

Ichneumon XVII, Schaeffer, 1766, Icon. Insect., I, Pl. 38 Fig. 1.

Sphex destillatoria Illiger, 1807, in: Rossi, Fauna Etrusca, 2nd. ed., 2: 94 — Italy.

Sphex pensilis Illiger, 1807, in: Rossi, Fauna Etrusca, 2nd. ed., 2: 94 — Italy.

Pelopoeus sardonius Lepeletier, 1845, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym. 3: 308, 9 — Sardinia, coll. Lepeletier

(2MP).

Pelopoeus sardous Carruccio, 1872, Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital. 4: 275 [emendation of P. sardonius Lep.]

[not in Kohl, 1918}.

Pelopoeus pensilis var. trinacriensis Destefani, 1889, Naturalista Siciliano 8: 269 — Sicily

[variety with entirely black gastral petiole}.

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) destillatorium; Kohl, 1918, Annln naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 100; Leclercq,

1955, Expl. Parc Nation. Upemba, Mission G. F. de Witte, etc. 34: 63.

This species is common and widely distributed in the Mediterranean subregion, and

goes eastward through Central Asia to Tientsin (Fig. 19). It is represented from the

Mediterranean area by good series in the museum collections in Copenhagen, London,

Paris, and Vienna, and it seems hardly necessary to give a detailed list of locality records.

We have therefore restricted the data to some borderline localities, to the localities in

Asia and to those of the specimens in the Leiden Museum.

Material in the Leiden Museum. — S. France, 1 & Vernets les Bains, Pyr. Or., Aug. 1896,

C. Ritsema Czn; Spain, series from La Carolina, 700 m (Jaen), La Aliseda, 1000 m (Avila), and

Tornavacas, 1200 m (Caceres), June 1961, 1 ® on Mentha pulegium L., 1 ® 4 & on Thapsia

villosa, Exc. Mus. Leiden; 3 ® Cadaqués, July 1961, L. B. Holthuis; Italy, 1 ® Passerini, 2 4

leg. Calkoen, 1 4 leg. Zeller; Dalmatia, 2 9 leg. Cantraine; Greece, 2 9 Portaria Pelionpass and

Pentalophon, July 1963; Crete, 1 & Knossos, 1 June 1966, J. van der Vecht; Morocco, 2 2 P.

Lyautey and Ain Diab, Casablanca, June 1950, P. M. F. Verhoeff; Algeria, 2 9 Oran, leg. F. Ancey,

1 4 “Algeria”, leg. Richter; Syria, 1 9 1 4 Beyruth; Tschardschui, 1 9 leg. G. von Rennenkampf.

Further material examined. — Specimens from Gibraltar, Malta, Sicily, Crete, Cyprus, and Turkey

(BM), from Sicily and Crete also in ZMB; Morocco, 1 & Asni, Aug. 1930, T. D. A. and W. P.

Cockerell (BM), 1 ® Haut Atlas, Jb. Ayachi, Tizi-n-Zou, 3 Aug. 1963, A. C. Pont (BM); 1 2

Bozen, July 1935, S. L. Tuxen (UZMC); 1 3 Klausen, S. Tirol, 1910, W. Ramme (ZMB); 1 9

Csehtelek, Bihar 46° N, 22° E, June 1910 (BM); 1 9 Moldavia, Berlad valley, leg. Montandon,

coll. E. Saunders (BM); Iran, 1 9 Zabidan (Belut), in garden, 13 May 1954, P. Aellen (NMB);

1 ® Kaschgar, Raquette, 1 9 Sinkiang, Jarkent (NRS); 1 ® Songaria, Ala Tau (UZMC); 4 9

2 & Tientsin, 15 June 1906, F. M. Thomson (BM); 1 9 1 & do, on Zizyphus jujuba, June

1928, H. T. Feng (petiole of 4 nearly entirely black) (USNM); 1 2 Woo-Fu, 21 June 1928 (CU).

— Recently a single specimen has been found near Lublin in Poland (information received from

Dr. W. J. Pulawski).

Sceliphron (Sceliphron) spirifex (Linné)

Sphex spirifex Linné, 1758, Syst. Nat, 10th ed.: 570 — “in Europa australi”.

Sphex aegyptia Linné, 1758, Syst. Nat., 10th ed.: 569 — “in Aegypto”.

Sphex spirifex atra Scopoli, 1786, Delic. faun. et flor. Insubr. I: 57, Pl. 23 Figs. 1 a-e,, 2A —

Italy.

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) spirifex; Kohl, 1918, Annln naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 86; Leclercq, 1955,

Expl. Parc Nation. Upemba, Mission G. F. de Witte, etc. 34: 60.

Sceliphron spirifex occurs throughout Africa and Southern Europe and appears to be

common almost everywhere in this extensive area (Fig. 19). It is represented by numerous

specimens from the Ethiopian region and the Mediterranean subregion in all the larger

European museums and we have therefore refrained from adding further localities to the

long lists of records given by Kohl and by Leclercq.

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 239

An exception may be made for some island localities, not given by Kohl: Canary Is.: 2 ¢ Gran

Canaria, leg. Duurlo (UZMC), 1 & Las Palmas, 1926, leg. Hirtz (ZMB), 2 2 Teneriffe, S. Cruz,

June 1926, leg. Liebe (ZMB); Cape Verde Is.: 1 2 S. Vicente, 8 Dec. 1945, Atlantide Exp.

(UZMC); Fernando Po (BM). Furthermore some data on the northern and eastern limits of the

area of distribution are of sufficient interest to be mentioned here: in France S. spirifex has been

collected at Macon, 60 km North of Lyon (Berland, 1928), and at Carpentras (4 2 July 1951,

P. M. F. Verhoeff; ML); for Italy Kohl (1918) gives “Trient in Tirol” as the northernmost locality;

some marginal localities in eastern Europe are Tab (46°.30’ N) in Hungary and Vsétin

(49°. 20’ N) in Czechoslovakia (Zavadil and Snoflak, 1948). Eastward S. spirifex is said by Kohl

(1918) to occur as far as Kisil near Kutschan, Bukhara, in Turkmenia (64° E), but this record

(omitted in Fig. 19) seems to need confirmation.

Sceliphron (Sceliphron) javanum (Lepeletier, 1845) (Fig. 23—27)

This species is more widely distributed (Fig. 19, 24) than would appear from the

records given in Kohl’s paper (China, India and Ceylon to Borneo and Flores). Sceli-

phron aemulum Kohl from the Philippines is no more than a subspecies of Sc. javanum;

furthermore there is a representative in the Papuan subregion, viz. Sc. laboriosum

(Smith), a form which had remained unknown to Kohl.

Some remarkable aspects of the distribution of this polytypic species are: (1) the species

is not represented in Celebes and the Moluccas; (2) the Papuan form seems to have

reached its habitat via the Lesser Sunda Islands, but it is much more similar to the form

inhabiting Flores and Sumba than to the subspecies occurring in Timor; (3) the marginal

forms inhabiting Ceylon and Southern India, the Lesser Sunda Islands (except Timor)

and the Papuan subregion (New Guinea, Aru Is.), are rather similar amongst each other

and differ particularly from the central subspecies in the greater extension of the yellow

colour on the hind legs (see Fig. 23); (4) the continental subspecies chinense and

petiolare, and perhaps also nalandicum, are not sharply separated.

In certain large areas the distinguishing characters of the forms mentioned under (4)

are constant enough, but elsewhere distinct signs of intergradation can be found. Further

investigations in the areas where these subspecies meet are necessary for determining the

extent of this phenomenon.

The various subspecies differ not only in colour pattern but also in the shape of the

male genitalia (Fig. 25 and 26). Unfortunately the males of some subspecies have

remained unknown to us.

Key to the subspecies of Sceliphron javanum (Lep.)

IegHindgtibiaesblackeen- mer Er vii: Dep. vt MEAS. POOR Se UN 42

— Hind tibiae yellow or brownish- o - OP ane EEE

2. Hind tarsal segments 1—3 yellow, fuscous at base ad eend Apical two thirds of

femora I and apical half of femora II yellow. At least the apical third of the hind

femora black, sharply goes from the basal yellow part. — Timor, Roti, ?Wetar.

ic of - timorense van der Vecht

—- Hind tarsal cements blacks. esd BE AB RES

3. Hind femora yellow with usually ill- re Fées cd at apex ne, if fuscous

to black all round, the dark part is angularly produced on the inner side of the

femur, and rarely covers more than the apical third on the outer side. . . . 4

— At least the apical third of the hind femora black, the dark at rather sharply

separated from the basal yellow part. . . . . . . . . SO SME AO AO

240 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

nalandicum chinense petiolare

Kandy, Kwangtung, Lampong,

Ceylon China Sumatra

aemulum javanum tenggarae timorense

Luzon, Banjumas, Waimangura, Timor

Paal ts. Java Sumba

laboriosum spirifex 9 spirifex Q spirifex 6

Hollandia, Beyruth, Cape Prov., Cape Prov.,

New Guinea Syria S.Africa S.Africa

Fig. 23. Coloration of hind leg (2) in the subspecies of Sc. javanum (Lep.) and in three

specimens of Sc. spirifex (L.)

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 241

Fig. 24. Approximate distribution of the subspecies of Sc. javanum (Lep.)

. Fore and mid femora black, brownish at apex; fore and mid tibiae orange-yellow

to pale brown. — Java. . . ao on. Javanımı (Kep.)

At least apical third of fore and Di rodi Bree to yellowish-brown; fore and

mid tibiae yellow. — China. . . . . . . chinense van Breugel subsp. nov.

. Gastral petiole black. — Borneo and Bawean I. . . . . . . benignum Smith

Gastral petiole yellow. — Sikkim, Burma, Thailand, san Sumatra, Banka,

Engeano et . + +. petiolare Kohl

. Hind trochanters “ad (ao black, the latter Breach at DE and with an irregular

and narrow brown ring at base. Gastral petiole dark brown to black. Antennal seg-

ments 1 and 2 mainly, and often the under side of 3, ferruginous. — Philippines.

SA | . aemulum Kohl

Hol FOLLE el femora aloe or nova sometimes more or less fuscous.

Gastral petiole yellow. Antennae black, with only the anterior surface of the first

segment (scape) yellow or reddish. . . . : dE SMe:

. Hind femora yellow with very small fuscous ach at AE e Apical tarsal seg-

ments fuscous to black. — Ceylon, S. India, Bengal . . . malandicum Strand

Hind femora yellow at base only, the remaining part more or less brownish. . 8

. At least the apical two thirds of the hind femora brown, greater part of tibiae

uniformly yellowish-brown. Hind tarsal segments yellowish-brown. Apical half of

femora I and II yellow. — New Guinea, Aru Is... . . . Jaboriosum (Smith)

Apical half of hind femora and apical half of hind tibiae yellowish-brown to brown.

Hind tarsal segments 3—5 fuscous to black. Femora I and II black with brownish

apex. — Lesser Sunda Islands from Lombok to Alor or Wetar .

tenggarae van deri Vecht

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

242

aemulum

tenggarae

Resi

neun

chinense

javanum

javanum (Lep.)

Fig. 25. Ventral view of male genitalia of six subspecies of Sc.

243

Subgenus Sceliphron

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL :

SEN

SER 7 Sa

Cum

N RN

CA MN

TI à N sa

AN Se: BCG à

CM N

chinense

aemulum

Kwangtung,

China

Los Bafios,

Luzon,Phil.Is,

benignum

Kotawaring

Borneo

avanum

Bogor,

Java

cal ¢,

Do fy

mn a

ole ©

ale

Lio

= ke}

DIAR

a“

Fig. 26. Dorsal view of male genitalia of six subspecies of Sc. javanum (Lep.)

244 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

Sceliphron javanum nalandicum Strand

Pelopoeus spinolae; Smith, 1856, Cat. Hym. Brit. Mus. 4: 231 (Bombay; Ceylon) [mis-

identification of P. spinolae Lepeletier, 1845}. — Cameron, 1889, Mem. Manchr. lit. phil. Soc. (4)

2: 102 (cat.). — Bingham, 1897, Fauna Brit. India, Hym. 1: 237, 2 & (Ceylon; Southern India;

Bombay; Bengal).

Sceliphron javanum var. nalandicum Strand, 1915, Arch. f. Naturgesch. 81A (5): 93, 2 —

“Nalanda und Kandy, Ceylon” (DEI). — Kohl, 1918, Annin naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 92, 93 (syn.:

Sc. spinolae of Bingham).

Ceylon: 1 2 Peradeniya, Febr. 1902, 1 9 Henaratagoda, 19 Febr. 1902, Dr. Uzel, 2 92

Kandy, April and May 1902 (NMW); 1 ® Pundaloya, Green coll., “Sc. spinolae Lep. coll. Bing-

ham, 96—30” (BM); 2 9 Sigiri, 1 9 Dambulla, 1 ® Matale, March 1910, E. Comber (BM);

1 2 “Ceylon”, Felder (ML); 1 9 Kandy, 1 2 Peradeniya, both June 1953, 1 & Puttalam, 23

Febr. 1954, F. Keiser (NMB; ML); 1 ® Colombo, 22 Febr. 1945, J. O. T. Howard (BM).

India: Western India, 1 9 Bombay, coll. C. G. Nurse, 1920-72 (BM). — Southern India,

4 2 3 & Coimbatore Distr., 1925, Col. Fraser (BM); 1 ® Coimbatore, April 1962, P. Susai

Nathan (ML); 1 9 Malabar, coll. E. André (MP); 1 9 Nilgiri, Coonoor, M. Maindron (MP);

1 ® Mahé, Malabar coast, Maindron (MP). — Bengal, 1 ® “Bengale”, Macé (MP); series from

Barrackpore, coll. Rothney (OUM; identified as intrudens Sm. and javanus Lep.).

Sceliphron javanum chinense van Breugel subsp. nov.

2 & — Very similar to the subspecies petiolare and javanum, but differing by the

greater extent of orange-yellow on fore and mid femora, which covers from 14 to 34

of the total length. The dark area at the apex of the hind femora is usually less extensive

and less sharply defined than in subsp. petiolare, but larger than in subsp. javanum; on

the inner side of the femur its irregular outline is more or less produced in the middle

(Fig. 23 and 27).

The shape of the male genitalia (Fig. 25 and 26) supports the idea that the Chinese

population(s) may be given separate subspecific status; the basal part of the volsella is

more broadly truncate, and the digitus is longer and more slender than in the other sub-

species of javanum.

China: prov. Kwantung, 3 4 Canton, 2 9 1 3 Lo fao shan (1 ® 7 May, 1 @ 4 June ’15),

2 ® Lung tao shan, 31 July and 4 Aug., 3 & Mahn tsi shan, 14 and 15 May, 1 & Ting wu shan,

16 May ‘16, all leg. Mell (paratypes, ZMB, 2 9 2 4 ML). — Hainan Island, 1 ® Fan Heang,

20 June 1935, L. Gressitt (MCZ).

The following specimens are tentatively placed under this subspecies. They have the

hind femora less extensively black at apex than the subsp. petiolare, but may differ in

minor details from subsp. chinense. It seems probable that an area ranging from the

Eastern Himalayas to the Chinese province Kwangtung harbours populations which

combine to a varying extent certain characters of the subspecies nalandicum, chinense,

and petiolare. Unfortunately the material from this area available at present is not

extensive enough to serve as a reliable base for the study of the nature and the extent of

the apparent intergradation between these subspecies.

Sikkim: 1 ® Runjit Valley, 1000 ft, May 1894, coll. C. T. Bingham, 96—30 (BM); very

similar to chinense, but the basal half of tibiae III orange yellow, rather gradually darkening to

brownish black on the apical half (?intergradation of nalandicum and chinense). 3 2 “Sikkim”,

coll. C. G. Nurse, 1920-72 (BM); hind tibiae black; 2 @ Sikkim, leg. F. A. Möller (UZMC); 1 2

Sikkim, April 1894, coll. Rothney (OUM); 1 2 Darjeeling (KVK); 1 9 do. (IRSNB).

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 245

Assam: 1 ® Khasia Hills, 96—135 (BM); hind femora as in chinense, hind tibiae black.

Tenasserim: 1 9 Moulmein, 15 Aug. 1893 (BM); 1 ® do., “intrudens”, coll. Rothney

(OUM); 1 9 Upper Tenasserim, Dawnat Range, Febr. 1891, 1 ® Middle Tenasserim, Haundraw

Valley, Aug. 1894, 1 2 Lower Tenasserim, Tavoy, Oct. 1893, all leg. C. T. Bingham (BM); these

specimens are very similar to subsp. peziolare, but the dark part at apex of femora III is slightly

less extensive and less sharply defined (? intergradation between chinense and petiolare).

Indo-China: 1 ® Thuduc, 14 July 1923, R. Vitalis de Salvaza (ML); several specimens

from Annam (MP); 1 ® Laos, Xiong Koh, 4 April 1920, R. Vitalis de Salvaza, 2 9 Tayninh,

Nov. 1923 (IRSNB). — These specimens appear to be transitional to subsp. petiolare.

Indo-China Java (normal)

Sumatra Java (aberrant)

Fig. 27. Inner side of proximal part of hind leg (9) of some specimens of Sc. javanum (Lep.).

a and b: chinense subsp. n., Lo fao shan, Kwantung, China (ML and ZMB); c: do., Lung tae shan,

Kwantung, China (ZMB); d: do., Indo-China, Thuduc, July 1923 (ML); e: subsp. petiolare Kohl,

N. Sumatra, Deli, Tandjong Morawa (ML); f: do., Enggano I., leg. Wienecke (ML); g: do., Bangka

I. (ML); h: ? subsp. javanum Lep., Nias, leg. Kleiweg de Zwaan (ML); i: subsp. javanum Lep.,

Java, Bogor, leg. Boerlage (ML); j: do., abnormally dark specimen, Java, Bodjong Kalong, 1935,

Mrs. M. E. Walsh (ML)

246 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

Sceliphron javanum petiolare Kohl, status nov.

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) petiolare Kohl, 1918, Annln naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 95, 2 — “Deli,

Sumatra” (1 9 ZMB!, no. 598, leg. L. Martin).

As we expected, examination of the type of Sc. petiolare Kohl has shown that this

supposed species is based on a teneral specimen such as may be obtained by opening the

cells of the clay nests. The colour is said to be “kastanienbraun” or “pechbraun’’ and

this is characteristic for such incompletely developed specimens. The only structural

character given by Kohl is that the length of the petiole exceeds that of the hind tibia,

whereas it is equal to the length of the hind tibia in javanum Lep. In this respect, how-

ever, there appears to be some variation within the population(s) inhabiting Sumatra.

In most of our specimens from the Northern part of this island the petiole is distinctly

longer than the hind tibia (approximately 16 : 15), but in specimens from Palembang,

Lampong Districts and Bangka the petiole is not, or only very little, longer than the hind

tibia.

As a rule the gastral petiole is more extensively blackened at apex than in the Javan

subspecies.

Thailand: series from Bangkok (MP); 1 9 “Siam, Mouhot” (labelled: “javanus St. Farg.,

intrudens Sm.”!); series Peninsular Siam, Nakron Sri Tamarat (BM); 1 2 2 6 N.W. Thailand,

Ching Mai, Fang, 500 m, 12—19 April 1958, T. C. Maa (BISH); 1 & S. Thailand, Banna, 108 m,

S—10 May 1958, T. C. Maa (BISH); 1 9 N.W. Thailand, Sattahib, 24 Nov. 1957, J. L. Gressitt

(BISH).

Malaya: 1 ® “Mal. 29”, in coll. Saunders, “javanus St. Farg.” on blue label (det. F. Smith)

(OUM); series “Malacca” (MP); many specimens from various localities, from northern border to

Singapore (BM); 1 9 Perak, Kuala Kangsar, 1902, leg. Grubauer (CU); series “Perak, leg. Gru-

bauer” (NMW); Pahang, 1 ® Tasek Bera, 28—31 March 1963, M. A. Lieftinck (ML); 1 2

Singapore, H. N. Ridley, 1904-101 (BM; apex of petiole black); 8 ® do., 1903—1922, various

collectors (BM).

Sumatra: 2 ® “Sumatra”, leg. Ludeking (ML); 1 9 “Sumatra”, leg. S. Müller (ML); 2 9

“Sumatra” (NMW). — Northern Sumatra, 2 ® Atchin (“Atjeh”) (ML); 1 ® Langkat, Namoe

Dengas, 15 Febr., Jourin (MCZ); 1 ® Deli, E. Büttikofer (ML); 1 ® Deli, coll. Wiistnei

(UZMC); 1 Q Labuan Bilik, leg. Dorsinfang (IRSNB); 2 9 Laut Tador, April 1951, R. Straatman

(ML); 17 2 Tandjong Morawa, Serdang, Dr. B. Hagen (ML); 1 9 Tandjong Merah, 18 Dec.

1918, J. B. Corporaal (MR); 1 ® Kuala Simpang, March 1954, A. Sollaart (ML). — Central and

South Sumatra, 1 ® Bua, 1 9 Solok, 1 ® Rengkeang Lulus, 1 9 Muara Labuh, 1 2 Surulangun,

750 m, May 1935, Mrs. M. E. Walsh (BM; ML); 1 9 Benkulen, May 1935, Mrs. M. E. Walsh

(ML); 10 £ do., Bukit Itam, June 1935 (BM). — Lampong Districts, 1 9 Tandjongkarang, 1922

(ML); 1 $ Damarkatja near Kasui, Sept. 1932, H. R. A. Muller (ML), 1 2 Kedaton Estate, 26

March 1937, J. van der Vecht (ML); 1 9 Oosthaven, 29 March 1937, Mrs. E. van der Vecht (ML);

1 4 Bergen Estate, Jan. 1953, A. Sollaart (ML). — Not located: 6 9 “Edi, Klein”, 1 9 “Tjaili (?),

Klein” (UZMC).

Bangka I: 2 ® Bangka, Budding (ML); 3 ® Bangka, v. d. Bossche (ML); 2 ® Pangkal-

pinang, Febr.-March 1930, 1 & Aer Mesu, Febr. 1932, 1 ® March 1955, J. van der Vecht (ML).

Enggano I. 1 2 Enggano, Wienecke (ML). — Colour of hind femora as in Sumatran

specimens.

The representation of this species on the island chain west of Sumatra deserves further

very similar to the Javanese subspecies (see below under S. javanum javanum).

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 247

Sceliphron javanum benignum (Smith)

Pelopoeus javanus Lepeletier; Smith, 1858, J. Proc. Linn. Soc. Zool. 2: 101 (Sarawak, Borneo;

OUM).

Pelopoeus benignus Smith, 1859, J. Proc. Linn. Soc. Zool. 3: 15, @ — Sarawak, Borneo (OUM).

Sceliphron sintangense Strand, 1915, Archiv f. Naturgesch. 81A (5): 94, 924 — “Sintang,

Borneo” (DEI).

Sceliphron javanum var. benignum; Kohl, 1918, Annin naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 92, 93.

This form has been recorded by Kohl from British North Borneo (Darvel Bay and

Kinabalu); the type locality of sintangense Strand is erroneously said to be in South East

Borneo.

Borneo:1 9 “Sar.” (= Sarawak, leg. Wallace), coll. Saunders (type of P. benignus; OUM);

1 2 “Sar” ex coll. F. Smith, 79—22 (BM); 1 2 Sarawak, Mt. Matang, 120 m, 14 Nov. 1958,

T. C. Maa (BISH); 1 @ Sarawak (MCZ); 1 ® Borneo, C. Hose, Comm. Inst. 1935—239 (BM);

3 9 Borneo, June 1882, Teweh (NMW); 2 ® Borneo, Baczes, 1886 (NMW and CU); 1 2

Borneo, 1888, ex coll. Tosquinet (IRSNB); 1 ® Borneo, S. Müller (ML); 1 9 Kinabalu (NMW);

5 2 N. Borneo, Samawang, Kudat, Bettotan, July-Aug. 1927, C. Boden Kloss & H. M. Pendlebury

(BM); 2 ® Smitau, J. van Veldhuijzen, Borneo-Exp. (ML), 1 9 do., Febr. 1894, J. Biittikofer

(ML); 1 2 West Borneo, Marbau Tjondong, April 1923 (MZB); East Borneo, 1 ® Balikpapan

(ML), 1 ® Balikpapan, Wain River, Nov. 1950, A. M. R. Wegner (ML); 1 ® Tabang, Bengen

River, 12 Sept. 1956 (ML), 1 9 Samarinda, 14 Dec. 1956, A. M. R. Wegner (ML); S. Borneo,

1 2 from Staudinger (ML), 1 4 Kotawaringin, March 1953, leg. Inen (ML).

Bawean I.: 7 ® “Bawean, Regenzeit, H. Fruhstorfer” (ML).

Sceliphron javanum aemulum Kohl

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) aemulum Kohl, 1918, Annln naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 94, ® — “Mindanao,

Philippinen” (NMW).

Sceliphron “intrudens (Smith)”; Williams, 1919, Bull. Hawaii. Sugar PI. Ass., Ent. Ser. 14: 120,

Fig. 57, 58 (bionomics in Luzon) [incorrect identification].

Sceliphron luzonensis Rohwer, 1921, Phil. J. Science 19: 674, 2 — Mt. Maquiling, Laguna, Luzon

(type 2, no. 23637, USNM).

Sc. aemulum Kohl is another species based by Kohl on a wasp with brownish body

colour which is a teneral specimen of a black-bodied species (see under Sc. javanum

petiolare Kohl). Rohwer compared his Sc. /uzonensis with Sc. intrudens (Sm.) from

Celebes, but apparently he did not know Kohl’s monograph and he overlooked the

important character of the shape of the hind coxae, by which Sc. javanum is at once

distinguished from Sc. intrudens.

According to Kohl the first antennal segment is yellow and the two following segments

rusty yellow; Rohwer describes the antennae as black, with only the scape and pedicellum

“rufo-piceous’’. In the specimens we have seen the first and second segments are distinctly

rusty or reddish yellow; the third segment is rusty yellow beneath, at least at the base,

but rather dark above.

Luzon: 1 ® Los Baños, 1913, leg. Ledyard (ML), 1 4 do., July 1918, leg. C. S. Banks (ML),

1 & do. July 1921, F. X. Williams (ML), 1 2 do. 26 Aug. 1926, P. M. Ungos (MCZ), 4 @ do.,

do., March 1953, Sept. 1953 and July 1954, Townes family (coll. Townes; ML); 1 2 Mt. Maquiling,

60—100 m, 22 Aug. 1925, leg. N. O. Flores (MCZ); 1 2 do., 400 ft., 1 June 1932, F. C. Hadden

(BISH); 1 @ do., 27 Jan. 1931, F. S. Revira (UMMZ); 1 9 Maquiling, 18 Febr. 1954, E. Dagang

(BPI); 1 2 Atimonan, July 1963, A. Concepcion (BPI).

248 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

Mindoro: 2 9 Alcate, Vict., 6—9 April 1954, Townes family (coll. Townes; ML).

Negros: 3 ® Negros Or., Mt. Canlaon, 3600 ft, 28 April—7 May 1953, Townes family

(coll. Townes; ML).

Cebu: 1 @ Cebu City, Camp 7, 25 May 1952, C. R. Baltazar (BPI).

Leyte: 1 9 Palo, 27 June 1951 (BISH); 1 ® 10 miles East of Tacloban, 19 Aug. 1945,

D. G. Hall (coll. KVK).

Palawan: 1 ® Brooke” Point, sea level, 1 9 Tigoplan River Valley, Brooke’s Point, 180 ft.

24 and 29 April 1947, resp. CNHM Phil. Zool. Exp., F. G. Werner leg. (CNHM).

Mindanao: 1 9 Mindanao (NMW;; type of Sc. aemulum Kohl); 1 9 Davao Prov., Calian,

July, 3 ® Mt. Apo, 2000 ft., Oct. leg. C. F. Clagg (MCZ); 1 & Agusan, Los Arcos, 19—23 Nov.

1959, C. M. Yoshimoto (BISH).

The collection of the IRSNB contains 1 9 with label: “Ins. Philipp., coll. Ballion, ex coll. Puls”.

Sceliphron javanum javanum (Lepeletier)

Pelopoeus javanus Lepeletier, 1845, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym. 3: 309, 9 — “Java” (type ex coll.

Serville in coll. Spinola, Mus. Torino).

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) javanum [err.: “Smith” !}; Kohl, 1918, Annin naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 92.

Sceliphron spec., Menzel, 1928, Rev. Suisse Zool. 35: 265—270, figs. (notes on bionomics in

Java; dimensions of nest: 13 X 10 X 4 cm! indicate that the notes refer to Sc. javanum).

We have some doubt concerning the identity of the type of Pelopoeus javanus Lep.,

described from material in the collection of Mr. Audinet-Serville (now in Zool. Mus.

Univ. Turin). Lepeletier (1845) describes the colour of the hind legs as follows: “les

deux (pattes) postérieures noires, avec les trochanters et la base des cuisses, jusque passé

le milieu, de couleur jaune”. The Sumatran form seems to fit this description better than

the Javan race. Occasionally, however, specimens are found in Java which resemble the

Sumatran subspecies very closely (see Fig. 27). It would therefore be difficult to prove

that the type is incorrectly labelled, even if its coloration 1s not typical for the Javan race.

In Java this wasp is fairly common in cultivated areas, up to about 1000 m above sea

level; it is, however, generally less numerous than Sc. madraspatanum.

Java: 1 ® Java, Kuhl & van Hasselt (ML); 1 ® Java, Reinwardt (ML); 1 & Java, Mulié

(ML); 2 2 Java, coll. Drewsen (UZMC), 1 ® “Java, coll. Schramm” (MCZ); 1 ® Java, “49/5”

(BM); 1 2 Java, leg. Horsfield, “E.I.C., 60—15” (BM); 1 9 without locality label, “Sc. intrudens

Sm.” ex coll. Bingham (BM); 1 ® Buitenzorg (= Bogor), 1881, “Smith coll. pres. by Mrs. Farren

White, 99-103” (BM). — West Java, 1 9 West Java, Febr. 1937, Mrs. M. E. Walsh (BM);

Udjong Kulon, 3 ® Teluk Peutjang and Tjigeunteur, July 1955, A. M. R. Wegner (ML); 1 2 2 4

Batavia (= Djakarta), 1907, 1908, E. Jacobson (ML); 2 ® Batavia, leg. Westermann (1 9 Dec.

1816) (UZMC); 1 ® Buitenzorg (= Bogor), Dr. J. G. Boerlage (ML), 5 2 4 4 Buitenzorg,

1928—1935, J. van der Vecht (ML), 6 9 Djampang Tengah, 1933-5, Mrs. M. E. Walsh (ML),

2 ® Bodjongkalong, Sept. 1935, Mrs. M. E. Walsh (ML); 2 ® Sukabumi (MR), 2 9 do.

(IRSNB) — Central Java, 3 ® Ambarawa, leg. Ludeking (ML), 2 9 Mt. Slamet, Baturraden,

May 1934, F. C. Drescher (ML), 1 9 Baron, Gunung Sewu, March 1911, E. Jacobson (ML). —

East Java, 1 9 Rembang, 1 ® Kediri, leg. Piepers (ML); 1 ® Ngantang (Rembang) (MM);

1 2 Idjen Mts., July 1940, H. Lucht (ML).

Nias: 1 ® Mt. Sitoli, leg. Kleiweg de Zwaan (ML). — This specimen is provisionally placed

here because in the coloration of the hind femora (fig. 27) it is closer to javanum than to petiolare:

however, the yellow and the black areas are more sharply separated than in javanum.

Sceliphron javanum tenggarae van der Vecht

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) javanum “var. nalandicum Strand”; Kohl, 1918: 94 (Flores; Lombok).

Sceliphron javanum tenggarae van der Vecht, 1957, Verh. naturf. Ges. Basel 68: 369, 2 4 —

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 249

The subspecies of javanum occurring in the Lesser Sunda Islands (Indonesian name:

Nusa Tenggara) is very similar to subsp. nalandicum Strand from Ceylon and to subsp.

laboriosum from Aru and New Guinea.

In addition to the material recorded in 1957 we have examined the following

specimens.

Lombok: 6 ® 2 & Sapit, 2000 ft, April 1896, H. Fruhstorfer (NMW; 1 4 UZMC); 1 2

1 & Swela, 22—28 March 1927, Dr. B. Rensch (ZMB); 2 ® “Lombok”, Carl Aurivillius (NRS).

Sumbawa: 2 2 1 @ Bima, “ex coll. Bingham, 1902-120” (BM); 1 2 Sumbawa besar, West

Sumbawa, 24 April—2 May 1927, Dr. B. Rensch (ZMB); 1 2 East Sumbawa, 2—4 June 1927,

1 2 Dompoe, East Sumbawa, 24—25 May 1927, Dr. B. Rensch (ZMB).

Flores: 3 9 Mborong, 30—31 March 1958, A. M. R. Wegner (MZM; ML); 2 4 Rana Mese,

1300—1500 m, April 1958, A. M. R. Wegner (MZB); 1 ® 1 & Flores, 1876, coll. Tosquinet

(IRSNB).

Solor: 1 2 leg. Hoedt (ML).

Alor: 1 ® Kalabahi, 30 March 1957, A. M. R. Wegner (ML).

The collection of the Leiden Museum also contains 2 9 3 4 labelled “Wetar, leg.

Schidler”, but these specimens differ from those recorded above in having the apical

half of the hind femora and tibiae more or less strongly infuscated. They are thus

transitional to the subspecies tzmorense of Timor. Since the latter island is less distant

from Wetar than the distribution area of typical tenggarae, it seems very well possible

that the two forms intergrade in Wetar. In this connection it may be noted that the

Leiden Museum possesses a female of subsp. timorense which bears a label with the

same data as the series of atypical tenggarae recorded above (Wetar, 1898, leg. Schädler).

For the moment, however, we hesitate to attach much value to this fact, for Schadler’s

material was evidently labelled after its receipt by the Leiden Museum, and it seems

possible that the latter label is incorrect. Evidently further collecting in Wetar is necessary

to determine the status of the population inhabiting this island.

Sceliphron javanum timorense van der Vecht

Pelopoeus spirifex Linn.; Smith, 1871, J. Proc. Linn. Soc. Zool. 11: 360 (“Timor”) [mis-

identification].

Sceliphron javanum timorense van der Vecht, 1957, Verh. naturf. Ges. Basel 68: 369, 24 —

Timor; Roti; Wetar (type 2, Timor, ML).

In addition to the specimens studied in 1957, the senior author has seen 1 ® from Pulo Semau

(close to Timor, near Kupang) and 1 9 “Timor, Cupan” (= Kupang), both collected in April

1889 by L. Loria (MCG).

Sceliphron javanum laboriosum (Smith)

Pelopoeus laboriosus Smith, 1859, J. Proc. Linn. Soc. Zool. 3: 159, Q — “Aru”, leg. Wallace

(OUM).

Sceliphron lorentzi Cameron, 1911, Nova Guinea 9, Zool.: 201, ® — “Bivak Island”, Lorentz

River, South New Guinea (MA).

The type of Sc. lorentzi is in the collection of the Zoological Museum at Amsterdam,

where the senior author examined it in 1934. Cameron’s description is incorrect in several

details. The sculpture of the thorax is not different from that of Sc. javanum javanum;

250 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

not the metapleura are ‘striated’’, but the sides of the propodeum; the apex of the first

and second abdominal segments is not “longitudinally striate”, but these parts had been

wet and the appearance of the tomentum has been mistaken for surface sculpture.

Both P. laboriosus and Sc. lorentzi were placed by Kohl (1918) under the unidentified

species at the end of his monograph.

Aru: 1 ® with blue label “Aru”, Saunders coll. (OUM; type of P. laboriosus Smith); 1

“Aru”, “F. Smith coll. 79-22” (BM; this specimen has two Strepsiptera under tergite 4); 1

“Aru, Wallace”, Drewsen coll. (UZMC).

New Guinea: West New Guinea, 1 2 Vogelkop, Bomberi, 700—900 m, 10 June 1959

(BISH); 1 2 Mamberamo River, Prauwenbivak, 1920, W. C. van Heurn (Van Overeem Exp,

MZB); 1 ® Hollandia, June 1937, W. Stüber (ML); 2 ® Genjam, 40 km West of Hollandia,

100—200 m, 1—10 March 1960, T. C. Maa (BISH); 2 ® Hollandia, Febr. 1957, J. van den Assem

(ML); 2 9 Ifar near Hollandia, Aug. 1957, G. den Hoed (ML), 1 ® do, 300—600 m, 22 June

1959, T. C. Maa (BISH); 10 2 Sibil, Star Range, 1260 m, 15 April—31 Aug. 1959, Netherlands

New Guinea Exp. (ML; 1 $ USNM). — Southwest New Guinea, 1 ® Bivak Island (MA, type of

Sc. lorentzi Cameron). — North East New Guinea, 1 ® Finisterre Range, Saidor-Sibog, 27 May—

5 June 1958, W. W. Brandt (BISH); 1 2 Kassam, 1350 m, 48 km East of Kainantu, 28 Oct. 1959,

T. C. Maa (BISH). — Papua, 1 2 Kokoda, 1200 ft. Sept.-Oct. 1933, L. E. Cheesman (BM); 2 2

Yule Island (MP).

Sceliphron (Sceliphron) laetum (Smith)

The colour pattern of this beautiful species is fairly constant. More or less distinct

deviations from the “normal” coloration appear to occur in two parts of the area of

distribution, viz. in Western Australia and in the Moluccas.

Already Smith (1856) noted that specimens from Swan River have the yellow spots

in scutellum and “metathorax’’ (= propodeum) nearly or quite obsolete. In 1910 Turner

described such specimens as “st. cygnorum’’, giving the following colour characters: “the

yellow markings are absent from the scutellum, postscutellum, apex of the median

segment, and fourth abdominal segment; the base of the intermediate femora is marked

with black and the yellow on the pronotum and fifth abdominal segment is more or less

reduced”.

Although we have seen several specimens from Western Australia, none was found to

agree exactly with this description, for the scutellum and postscutellum were always

marked with yellow. Probably the most reliable character of the melanistic form of this

area is the absence of a yellow band on the fourth gastral tergite. We have observed

this character in specimens from Yelbeni and Midland, but from the first mentioned

locality we have also seen a specimen with a distinct yellow band on tergite 4 and one

with a reduced band. At this moment we must conclude that our data do not permit to

say with certainty whether the darker form may be regarded as a subspecies. According

to Turner (l.c.) the form cygnorum is furthermore characterized by certain peculiarities

of the sculpture of the propodeum and the shape of the submarginal cells; we have been

unable, however, to find constant differences in these respects between specimens from

Western Australia and from other areas.

On the other hand the available material from the Northern Moluccas indicates that

the population(s) occurring in these islands are sufficiently different from typical /aetum

to deserve subspecific status.

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 251

Sceliphron laetum laetum (Smith)

Pelopoeus laetus Smith, 1856, Cat. Hym. Br. Mus. 4: 229, 9, PI. 7 Fig. 1 — “Australia (Port

Essington; Macintyre River; Swan River); Ceram” (BM; lectotype by present designation = 1 2

no. 21-610, Macintyre River, “51/36’).

Sceliphron laetum “st. cygnorum st. n.’ Turner, 1910, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1910: 343, 9 —

“South Western Australia” (BM, type no. 21.611, “N. Holland, 44/4’’).

Sceliphron laetum; Kohl, 1918, Annln naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 95. — Krombein, 1949, Proc.

Hawaii. ent. Soc. 13: 370, 386 (Guam, Mariana Is.: Arakabesan and Koror Is., Palau Is.). — Id.,

1950, ibid. 14: 138 (Yap, Caroline Is.).

Celebes: North Celebes, Menado, 1 9 June 1949, 2 ® Aug. 1949, C. J. H. Franssen (ML).

This is the first record of this species from Celebes. The occurrence of Sc. laetum in Menado and

direct environs (Experiment Garden Mapanget) is very probably due to a recent introduction.

Buru: several specimens of both sexes, collected by Denin, 1913, 1914 (one female stylopized!)

(MZB; ML; NMW); 2 2 1 & Namlea, 1925 (ML); 5 9 Station 1, Febr.-Dec. 1921, L. J. Toxo-

peus (MA; ML); 1 2 Waspait, 1 2 Balubalu, June 1959, A. M. R. Wegner (ML).

Amboina: 1 ® Amboina (MBUD).

Salawati: 2 ® Salawati, leg. Bernstein (ML).

Kai Is: 1 ® Tual, 1923, Th. Mortensen (UZMC).

Aru Is: 3 9 3 & Aru Is. leg. Rosenberg (ML), 1 9 Aru (MBUD).

Schouten Is.: 1 9 Biak, 10 Febr. 1952, L. D. Brongersma (ML), 1 9 Base Biak (W. of

Sorido), March 1955, L. D. Brongersma c.s. (ML), 1 ® do., L. van der Hammen (ML).

New Guinea: 3 & “New Guinea, ter Poorten’ (MZB). — Vogelkop, 1 ® Sorong, June

1938, L. J. Toxopeus (MZB); 1 2 Doom I. near Sorong, 22 March 1952, L. D. Brongersma (ML);

1 2 Klamono, Dec. 1947, Schumacher (NMB). — North West New Guinea, 1 2 Motorbivouac,

Aug. 1926, Docters van Leeuwen (Sterling Expedition; ML); 1 9 Koiwi River, 6—22 Febr. 1911,

K. Gjellerup (ML); 1 ® Hollandia, harbour, 5 Aug. 1952, L. D. Brongersma (ML); 1 @ do.

governor's palace, Aug. 1952, L. D. Brongersma (ML); 1 & do., 13 Oct. 1954, L. D. Brongersma

& L. B. Holthuis (ML); 1 2 do. 13 March 1960, T. C. Maa (BISH); 1 4 Bewani Hills near

Hollandia, March 1937, W. Stüber (ML); 5 ® 1 & Ifar, 300 m, Sept.-Nov. 1956, J. van den Assem

(ML), 1 2 4 & do., 8—13 Sept. 1959, C. van Heijningen (ML); 2 & Genjem, 25 Oct. 1956,

J. van den Assem (ML); 1 ® Sentani Lake, Joka, 80 m, 21 Oct. 1954, L. D. Brongersma & L. B.

Holthuis (ML). — South West New Guinea, 2 9 Merauke, H. P. Winkelman (ML), 1 2 do,

Dec. 1957, Mrs. D. Bergman (ML); 1 ® 2 & Mindiptana, Aug. 1959, from nest, leg. fr. Monul-

phus (ML). — North East New Guinea, 1 ® 2 & Friedrich Wilhelmshafen, 1896, 12 9 20 &

Astrolabe Bay, Stephansort and Erima, 1896—7, all leg. L. Birö (MBUD; 1 ® 1 & ML); 1 2

Bubia, 4 Nov. 1959, T. C. Maa (BISH); 1 9 Lae, sea level, 4 June 1961, 1 9 Wau, Morobe Distr.,

1200 m, 2 June 1962, J. Sedlacek (BISH): 1 ® Torricelli Mts., Siaute, 9—11 Nov. 1958, W. W.

Brandt (BISH); 2 4 Finschhafen, sea level, Morobe Distr., 15—25 Sept. 1964, H. M. van Deusen,

7th Archbold Exp. (AMNH). — Papua, 5 ® 1 4 Rigo, July 1889, 1 ® Waicunina, June 1890,

(MCG; 2 2 ML); 1 & Port Moresby, Febr. 1918, 1 9 do., Febr. 1920, J. T. Zimmer (CNHM).

— Papua, 1 ® Rambuso, Sudest Is., 24 Sept. 1956, 5th Archbold Exp., L. J. Brass (AMNH); 1 &

Goroka, 1530 m, 30 April—3 May 1959, 1 ® Brown River, Central Distr., 22 April 1959, 1 &

Roku, Central Distr., 23 April 1959, all C. D. Michener (BISH).

Bismarck Is.: 1 9 “Neu Pommern” (MBUD); 1 2 Manus Is., Lorengau, sea level, 15—29

Dec. 1959, T. C. Maa (BISH); 2 9 2 4 Puktas, Baining Mts., 22 Nov. 1957, J. Smart (BM).

Solomon Is.: Bougainville, 1 4 2 June 1956, J. L. Gressitt (BISH); 4 ¢ Aropa near Kieta,

1960, R. W. Paine (ML). — New Georgia, Munda, 1 ® 21 July 1959, T. C. Maa (BISH). —

Guadalcanal, 2 2 Lunga and Tenaru, Aug. 1928, R. W. Paine (BM); several specimens 1933—’34,

H. T. Pagden (coll. Pagden; ML); 1 ® 2 Sept. 1945, H. M. Malkin (CAS); 4 9 2 4 Lunga River

Bridge, July-Aug. 1960, J. Schenk (PV). — Tulagi, several specimens 1933—’34, H. T. Pagden

(coll. Pagden; ML). — Malayta, 1 9 1 3 Jan. 1932, R. A. Lever (BM). — Russell Is., 1 2

Lingatu, June 1932, R. A. Lever (BM).

Guam: 1 9 Pt. Oca, 3 Aug. 1945, G. E. Bohart and J. L. Gressitt (CAS; evidently a recent

introduction; see Krombein, 1949).

252 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

New Caledonia: 1 $ 7 4 Noumea, Anse Vata, Jan.-Febr. 1957, J. Rageau, no. 1957-

149 (BM).

Australia: 8 @ 2 & “Nov. Holl”, coll. Drewsen (UZMC); 2 $ “Austr. boreal.”, coll.

Drewsen (UZMC); 3 9 “Terra van Diemenii”, leg. Parzudaki (UZMC). — Queensland, 1 4

Halifax, May 1919, F. X. Williams (ML); 1 ® 1 & Brisbane, Moorooka, Jan. and Nov. 1944,

E. F. Riek (ML); 1 2 Brisbane, Nov. 1955, F. G. T. Smith (ML). — N.S. Wales, 2 2 Marrick-

ville near Sydney, 15 and 29 Dec. 1955, R. H. Mulder (coll. P. M. F. Verhoeff); 1 9 Cooma,

Dec. 1956, J. Sedlacek (LAM); 1 ® Casula, 11 Febr. 1958, 1 ® Barham, 23 March 1960, M. I.

Nikitin (BM). — South Australia, 2 @ Adelaide, coll. Drewsen (UZMC); 3 9 Adelaide (ML). —

Western Australia, 1 9 Marloo Station, Durarga, April 1935, A. Goerling (ZMB); several specimens

from Perth and other localities in Western Australia (WAM); 3 ® 3 4 Derby, April 1961 and

March 1962, P. Slater (coll. Slater; ML); 2 & Cardup Brook, Febr. 1963, G. F. Mees (ML).

In the British Museum this species is represented by specimens from New Guinea (Hollandia;

Merauke), Solomon Is. (Malayta and Russel Island), and Australia (Queensland: Townsville,

Mackay, and Toowoomba; Northern Territories: Darwin; Central Australia: Hermannsburg; Western

Australia (‘‘var.’ cygnorum: Yallingup; South Perth; Swan River; Yanchep). The Paris Museum

possesses specimens from New Guinea (Yule Island) and Australia (Victoria).

Sceliphron laetum maindroni van der Vecht subsp. nov.

Pelopoeus laetus Smith; Maidron, 1878, Ann. Soc. ent. France (5) 8: 389, 394, PI. 9, Fig. 1—7

(Ternate, Tidore; nesting habits).

® & — Characterized by a reduction of the yellow markings. Band on pronotum as a

rule interrupted medially. Markings on mesopleura and scutella slightly reduced in size.

Propodeum either entirely black or only with traces of yellow spot at apex (in some males

with two smali yellow spots). Gastral petiole dark red above, fuscous to black at sides

and below. First gastral tergite not entirely yellow: more than the basal half reddish to

fuscous, apex with narrow black band which is widened medially. Legs hardly darker

than in the typical form, but inner side of hind femora almost entirely black (in /aetum

laetum about the basal one fourth to one third red).

TLermate: 1 4 Ter (= Ternate, leg. Wallace) (OUM); 29 17% dematew@lecapiorsten

(ML); 2 @ Bukunora, 50—100 m, 1 9 3 4 Bukumenjiku, 75 m, 1 & Ake Abdas, 1500 m, all

Sept. 1951 (MZB; ML).

Halmahera: 1 @ Kau, sea level, Oct. 1951 (MZB), 2 9 Tolewang, Oct. 1951 (ML).

Obi: 7 @ Lake River, Kasowari, Anggai, and Laiwui, July-Nov. 1953, A. M. R. Wegner

(MZB; ML).

Batmans Bacal(--=#Bat;ansaleg Wallace) A(OUM)):

The type is a female from Bukunora (ML), the other specimens recorded above are paratypes.

Tanimbar: A female collected in April 1938 by P. Buwalda on Pulu Jamdena is very similar

to the specimens from the North Moluccas. The propodeum is black with small and faint reddish

spots at apex, but the hind femora are more extensively red at base, the gastral petiole is entirely red,

and the band on the pronotum is not interrupted. Two females from Tanimbar (MR) and five from

Tanimbar Larat (NMW; 1 ® ML) have the same colour pattern.

Sceliphron (Sceliphron) fistularium (Dahlbom) (Fig. 1)

Pelopoeus fistularius Dahlbom, 1843, Hymen. Eur. 1: 23, 9 4 — “Ad africae promont. bon. Sp.”,

leg. Thunberg: “Brasilia”, leg. Erichson; 1845, do: 434 (“America”).

Pelopoeus histrio Lepeletier, 1845, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym. 3: 316, 9 6 — Cayenne, coll. Serville

(? loc.).

Sceliphron (Pelopoeus) fistularium;, Kohl, 1918, Annin naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 97.

Sceliphron fistulare; Porter, 1926, Proc. U.S. nation. Mus. 70: 14; Richards, 1937, Trans. R. ent.

Soc. Lond. 86: 105.

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 253

The species described from Cayenne by Lepeletier (1845) under the name Pelopoeus

bimaculatus was placed by Kohl in the synonymy of Sc. fistularium. We agree with

Porter (1926), however, that Lepeletier’s description must have been based on a specimen

of Sc. figulum (= Sc. astaticum in the present paper).

Although Pelopoeus histrio was described by Lepeletier from the Serville collection,

the type appears not to be in the Museum at Torino, where many types from this col-

lection are preserved (see Bradley, 1957).

Mexico: 3 9 Omealca, Orizaba, M. Trujillo (BM; 1 ® ex coll. Cameron 1914-110).

Guatemala: 1 2 S. Geronimo, 1 2 Panzós, leg. Champion (BM).

Nicaragua: 1 & Chontales, leg. Janson (BM).

Panama: 2 2 1 & Taboga, 1915—’16, Dr. Th. Mortensen (UZMC). — 1 9 San Lorenzo,

Champion, ex coll. Cameron (BM).

Colombia: 3 ® Colombia, coll. Drewsen (UZMC); 1 $ Colombia, coll. Saunders (OUM);

1 9 6 & Cunaga Magd., March 1927, G. Salt (BM); 1 2 Andagoya, R. Condoto, Choco, H. G. F.

Spurrell (BM; 1916-273); 1 ® Bogota (MBUD).

Gorgona Is.: 4 2 7 & July 1924, L. E. Cheesman (BM).

Venezuela: Merida (NMW); 1 & La Trinidad, Maracay, July 1934, C. Vogl (ZMB).

Trinidad: 1 9 Guanapo, 20 Aug. 1929, D. C. Geijskes (ML).

British Guiana: 1 @ leg. Rodway (BM); ‘common on the coastal plain” (Richards,

1937); 1 ® Bartica, 8 April 1933, J. Ogilvie (BM).

Suriname: Paramaribo, 1 2 (MBUD), 1 2 Sept. 1957, P. H. van Doesburg Jr. (ML),

1 2 Jagtlust, 5 July 1938, D. C. Geijskes (MR); 1 ® Charlesburg, 29 April 1963, P. H. van

Doesburg Jr. (ML); 2 2 1 4 Zorg en Hoop, May 1963, from nest, J. van der Vecht (ML); 1 9

do., Sept. 1963, J. W. Broekhuizen (ML); 6 9 1 & Clevia, May and June 1963, P. H. van Does-

burg Jr. and J. van der Vecht (ML); 4 ® Ma Retraite, swamp forest, in Malaise-trap, Jan.-March

1964, D. C. Geijskes (ML); 1 9 Kwatta, March 1964, D. C. Geijskes (ML). 2 2 Domburg, in

Malaise-trap, Nov.-Dec. 1963, D. C. Geijskes (ML); 20 @ Republiek, in Malaise-trap, Sept.-Nov.

1963, D. C. Geijskes (ML); N.E. Suriname, 1 9 Moengatapoe-Wiawia, Oct. 1948, D. C. Geijskes

(ML); 1 2 Zanderij, May 1961, P. H. van Doesburg Jr. (ML); 2 9 Mapane Area, Camp 8 LBB,

1 4 Auca on Suriname River, May 1963, J. van der Vecht (ML); 1 ® between Kabel and Browns-

weg, 15 April 1965, G. F. Mees (ML); 2 2 Sara Creek, Soekoewatra, Dec. 1963, D. C. Geijskes

(ML); 1 2 Bakhuis Mts., July 1963, R. van Aerde (ML); 7 2 Coeroeni, Upper Corantijn River,

June 1963, J. G. Wessels Boer (ML); Wilhelmina Mts., 6 ® Kayser Airstrip, June 1963, 1 9

Lucie Camp, July 1963, H. Pijpers (ML).

Ecuador: 1 ® Cunalos, Jan. 1937, Dr. Schultze Rhonhof (ZMB).

Peru: 3 2 1 & Lima, Galatea Exp. (UZMC); 1 9 1 & Sullana, Hacienda Mallares, 10 Dec.

1957, W. Markl (NMB); 2 2 Satipo, 750 m, Jan. 1949, coll. Lindemans (MR); 2 $ Yurimaguas

(MBUD); 19 9 2 & Dept. Loreto, Pucallpa, 1950—'65, throughout the year, J. M. Schuncke (BM;

17% ML):

Brazil: 4 9 1 & Brazil, from Mus. Berlin (ML); 1 ® Brazil, van Medenbach de Rooy (ML);

1 ® Brazil, from Westwood (ML); 2 ® Brazil, coll. Westermann (UZMC); 1 ® Amazonas,, 2 9

Pará, coll. Saunders (OUM): 3 ® Para, Belem and Rio Acara, 1930, E. Horváth (MBUD); 2 2

Pará, 1931, G. Molnar (MBUD); 2 ® Manaus, Febr. 1896, E. E. Austen (BM); Amazon, 1 9

Rio Japura, 1 2 Manaus, leg. Roman (NRS), 1 9 Manaus, leg. Huebner (NRS); 4 2 Matto Grosso

(NRS); 1 2 Recife, Pernambuco, Dec. 1934, Schubart (ZMB); 1 ® Rio de Janeiro, coll. Wester-

mann, 3 2 Rio de Janeiro, leg. Friis (UZMC); 1 4 Corcorado, Rio de Janeiro, 20 May 1912, G. E.

Bryant (BM); 1 ® Sta. Catarina (ML); 2 2 Sta. Catarina, H. Schulz, coll. Wiistnei (UZMC);

2 9 Blumenau, Sta. Catarina, 16 Nov. 1929, E. Wenzel (ZMB); 1 2 Blumenau (MBUD); 2 9 2 4

Pelotas, 10 Dec. 1947 (NMW; BM); 1 ® do., 10 March 1966, C. M. Biezanko (BM).

Argentina: 1 ® Tucuman, coll. Saunders (OUM).

The collection of the Museum at Vienna (NMW) contains specimens from Venezuela (Merida),

Suriname, Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Brazil (Rio Grande).

In the British Museum the senior author has seen a 2 from the Cape Verde Is., S. Vincent, with

label “imported” (no. 1916-273).

254 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 6, 1968

The U.S. National Museum possesses 1 9 1 4 of this species with labels: “St. Vin-

cent, W.I., H. H. Smith” and “Sceliphron fasciatus Lep.” Apparently they form part

of the series recorded under the latter name by Ashmead in 1900 (Trans. ent. Soc. Lond.

1900 : 308).

These specimen, kindly sent to me by Dr. Karl V. Krombein, differ from continental

material in having the yellow markings on pronotum and propodeum distinctly reduced;

in the male the dorsum of the propodeum is entirely black. Furthermore the hind legs are

entirely black, except for a very small spot on each coxa in the male.

Postscript. — Recently, Dr. Arnold Menke (U.S. National Museum, Washington,

D.C.) kindly drew my attention to the fact that two of the specific names used in this

paper are invalid homonyms.

Sceliphron jamaicense (Fabr.), described in 1775 as Sphex jamaicensis, is preoccupied

by Vespa jamaicense Drury, 1773, which has been recognized as a species of Sphex Linné.

The name Pelopoeus annulatus Cresson, 1865, is available as a replacement name, and

the species in question should henceforth be called Sceliphron annulatum (Cresson).

Sceliphron hemipterum (Fabr.), described in 1798 as Sphex hemiptera, is a junior

homonym of Sphex hemiptera Scopoli, 1772 (Annus 5 : 122). It seems, however, that

this latter species has generally been overlooked and that it cannot be identified with

certainty. For this reason I hesitate to replace the well known name hemipterum (Fabr.)

by the junior synonym fuscum Klug; if further investigations would indeed prove the

name Sphex hemiptera Scopoli to be useless, I would prefer to see this name rejected by

the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. — J. van der Vecht.

LITERATURE

(For papers published before 1918 see Kohl)

Arnold, G., 1928. The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part X. — Ann. Transvaal Mus. 12: 233—279.

1951. Sphecidae and Pompilidae collected by Mr. K. Guichard in West Africa and

Ethiopia. — Bull. Brit. Mus. nat. Hist. 2: 97—184, 2 pls.

, 1952. New species of African Hymenoptera, no. 10. — Occ. Papers Nation. Mus. S. Rho-

desia, Bulawayo 2: 460—493, 29 figs.

Ashmead, W. H., 1896. Notes on the Hymenoptera collected by the Bahama expedition from the

State University of Iowa. — Bull. Lab. nat. Hist. State Univ. Iowa 4: 28—32.

Beaumont, J. de, 1951. Hyménoptères récoltés par une mission suisse au Maroc (1947). — Bull.

Soc. Sci. nat. Maroc 29: 259—284.

Bohart, R. M., & A. S. Menke, 1963. A reclassification of the Sphecinae, etc. — Univ. of Calif.

Publ. Ent. 30: 90—182, 115 figs.

Bradley, J. C., 1957. The types of Hymenoptera described by Amédée Lepeletier, Comte de Saint-

Fargeau. — Anns. Mus. civ. Stor. nat. Genova 49: 36—50.

Guiglia, D., 1939. Imenotteri Aculeati raccolti in Eritrea e in Etiopia dal Ten. Colon. Dr. Giorgio

Invrea (1). — Mem. Soc. ent. Ital. 17: 188—202.

Iwata, K., 1964. Bionomics of non-social wasps in Thailand. — Nature and Life in Southeast Asia

3: 323—383.

Kohl, F. F., 1918. Die Hautfliiglergruppe Sphecinae. IV. Die natiirliche Gattung Sceliphron Klug

(Pelopoeus Latr.). — Annln naturh. Mus. Wien 32: 1—171.

Leclercq, J., 1955. Hymenoptera Sphecoidea, Sphecidae I, Subfam. Sphecinae. — Expl. Parc Nation.

Upemba, Mission G. F. de Witte, etc. 34: 1—137.

Mayr, E., 1965. Avifauna: Turnover on Islands. — Science 150: 1587—1588.

Pate, V. S. L., 1937. The generic names of the Sphecoid wasps. — Mem. Amer. ent. Soc. 9: 1—103.

Pilon, J.-G., and A. L. Steiner, 1966. Les Sceliphronini et Sphecini de la collection de l'Université

de Montréal. — Naturaliste Can. 93: 479—488.

)

J. VAN DER VECHT & F. M. A. VAN BREUGEL : Subgenus Sceliphron 255

Porter, Bennet A., 1926. American wasps of the genus Sceliphron Klug. — Proc. U. S. nation. Mus.

TOs PP), pis et

Rau, Ph., 1928. The nesting habits of the wasp Chalybion caeruleum. — Ann. ent. Soc. Amer. 21:

25—35, 3 figs.

Vecht, J. van der, 1961. Ueber Taxonomie und Evolution der Grabwespengattung Sceliphron Klug.

— Verh. IX Intern. Kongr. Ent. Wien I: 251—256.

Williams, F. X., 1919. Philippine Wasp Studies. — Bull. Exp. Sta. Haiwaii. Sugar Pla. Ass., Ent.

Ser. 14: 19—186.

Yasumatsu, K., 1937. Hymenoptera collected in Tadao Kano’s expeditions to Botel Tobago Island. I.

— Mushi 9: 120—128.

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DEEL 111 AFLEVERING 7 * 1968

TIJDSCHRIFT

VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE

UITGEGEVEN DOOR

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D. Hire Ris LAMBERS. — A study of Neuguenaphis Blanchard, 1939, with descriptions

of new species (Aphididae, Homoptera), pp. 257—286, pl. 14—19.

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A STUDY OF NEUQUENAPHIS BLANCHARD, 1939, WITH

DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES (APHIDIDAE, HOMOPTERA)

D. HILLE RIS LAMBERS

Bladluisonderzoek T.N.O., Bennekom

ABSTRACT

In this paper the following new species are described from Chile and Argentine: Neuguenaphis

bulbicauda, from Nothofagus dombeyi; Neuquenaphis essigi and Neuquenaphis flavipes, from

Nothofagus obliqua; Neuquenaphis palliceps, from Nothofagus dombeyi, Neuquenaphis schlingert,

Neuquenaphis sensoriata and Neuquenaphis similis, from Nothofagus obliqua.

Neuquenaphis edwardsi (Laing, 1927), Neuquenaphis chilensis Essig, 1953, and Neuquenaphis

michelbacheri Essig, 1953 are redescribed. Oviparae and a male of Neuguenaphis, as well as first

instar larvae are described for the first time. The genus Spicaphis Essig, 1953, type-species Spicaphis

michelbacheri Essig, 1953, is considered a synonym of Neuguenaphis Blanchard, 1939, type-species

Myzocallis edwardsi Laing, 1927; after which Neugwenaphis michelbacheri (Essig, 1953, p. 69),

because of Neugwenapbis michelbacheri Essig, 1953, p. 66, requires a new name (p. 274).

The systematic position of the genus Neuguenaphis is discussed.

INTRODUCTION

Dr. Evert I. Schlinger, Riverside, California, made a collecting trip through Chile and

Argentine to Tierra del Fuego. At my request he gave special attention to the aphids

living on Nothofagus spp. The many samples he collected were preliminarily sorted by

Dr. Robert C. Dickson, Riverside, California, and the majority of the aphids were put at

my disposal. The present paper is based on this large material, and besides on the

following: a type borrowed from the California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco;

some type material obtained in exchange from the University of California, Berkeley;

and a small collection borrowed from the British Museum (Natural History), London.

Three samples of alatae, each consisting of one or two specimens belonging to the dif-

ficult Newguenaphis edwardsi group, have not been classified. Several samples of apterae

from the most southern part of South America differ slightly from each other, but, as

discussed sub Neugwenaphis edwardsi (Laing), the significance of the differences could

not be determined.

HISTORY

Blanchard (1939) erected Neugwenaphis for Myzocallis edwardsi Laing, 1927. Essig

(1953) described Neugwenaphis michelbacheri spec. nov. and Neuquenaphis chilensis

spec. nov., and he also erected the genus Spicaphis for Spicaphis michelbacheri spec. nov.

He thought it possible that Spicaphis michelbacheri, known only from one apterous vivi-

parous female, was the same species as Neuguenaphis chilensis, known only from 3 alate

257

258 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 7, 1968

females, but this seems less probable after Dr. Schlinger collected the alate of presumably

Spicaphis michelbacheri together with the apterous viviparous female. From this alata it

is clear that Spicaphis Essig, type-species Spicaphis michelbacheri Essig, 1953, is a

synonym of Nezquenaphis Blanchard, 1939. Spicaphis michelbacheri Essig, 1953, is

mentioned in this paper under Newguenaphis essigi spec. nov.

GENERAL MORPHOLOGY

In apterae body about 1.40—3.10 mm long, from rather slenderly pyriform to very

broadly oval, not depressed. All or most of the dorsal hairs placed on elongate, somewhat

scabrous processes which on top besides the hair have 4—s5 spinules. The processes

arranged as follows: 2 on the front each bearing 2 hairs, 0 to 6 on vertex each bearing 1

hair like all the other processes; on thorax and abdomen processes in spinal, pleural and

marginal rows down to abdominal tergite VI or VII; tergite VIII with 2 processes;

pronotum and abdominal tergite VII usually without pleural processes; in near-adult

nymphs and sometimes in adult apterae a more or less complete row of processes between

the pleural and marginal ones, the submarginal processes; exceptionally a number of

small, rather irregularly placed, smaller processes between the usual rows, from mesono-

tum to abdominal tergite VII; in one species the spinal and pleural processes on the

middle portion of the dorsum not or hardly developed, but the submarginal ones quite

large. Sclerotisation of dorsum variable; mostly only the head sclerotic and more or less

pigmented, sometimes the spinal, pleural and marginal processes on pigmented sclerotic

plates that may fuse to more or less corrugated sclerotic transverse bars. Dorsal hairs in

general very short, nearly always blunt, sometimes obovate or capitate, but those hairs

that are not placed on processes usually longer and frequently subacute or acute. Under-

side of head mostly with 4—6 hairs in an oval just below the front, 2—4 more between

the eyes; in one species in the apterous viviparous female with about 40 hairs. Front

straight or slightly concave, often with a slight median bulge. Antennae of 6 segments

with nearly always segment III longer than IV; the latter subequal to V, and longer than

basal part of VI; processus terminalis not shorter, mostly very much longer than base of

segment VI; antennal hairs variable in number, but remarkably uniform in shape, stiff,

blunt to subacute at angles of about 40°, 14—1/, of basal diameter of segment III long;

secondary rhinaria absent; primary rhinaria with a fringe of tapering hairs. Eyes with

many facets, with distinct triommatidium on the caudal side. Rostrum not much varying

in length, reaching the middle coxae; ultimate segment always blunt with straight or

convex sides, from shorter than its basal width to just over twice as long as its basal

width, with 4—11 hairs besides the 3 subapical pairs. Legs rather stout, with about

equal distances between coxa I, II, and III; all femora normal, about equally thick; tibiae

in viviparae about cylindrical, in oviparae the hind tibiae swollen and with circular

pseudosensoria, usually with a few very inconspicuous spinules between the hairs near

apex; first tarsal joints dorsally very short, ventrally long, with a single row of spinules

along most of the distal margin, with ventrally 1 short hair and mostly 6 long hairs;

second tarsal joints with spinules or spinulose imbrications; empodial hairs sinuate near

base, rod-shaped with slightly spathulate tip, narrow ribbon-shaped, or widening towards

apex; claws normal. Siphunculi usually pigmented, truncated conical, to rather elongate

in oviparae, with a usually wide flange, from smooth to slightly transversely reticulated

near apex, always with one hair near base to halfway their length on anterior surface.

D. Hire Ris LAMBERS : A study of Neuquenaphis 259

Cauda in apterae viviparae and oviparae divided into two parts by a very strong con-

striction; the apical portion or knob variable in shape, from spherical to bluntly cylin-

drical, sometimes pointed, with a considerable number of hairs often only laterally and

on the underside. Subanal plate rather deeply incised in the middle. Subgenital plate

normal, with several rows of rather long, acute hairs along posterior margin, and usually

several hairs on its disc. The 4 rudimentary gonapophyses at equal distances, each with

2—3 hairs in apterae viviparae, but the middle pair fused to one with 5—6 hairs in

oviparae. Oviparous female on sternites VI and VII with a pair of transverse, striate and

punctate, very dark sclerotic plates that might be wax glands.

In alates body as large as in apterae viviparae, but much more slender. Mostly only the

spinal and marginal hairs on abdomen on elongate processes, and all the other processes

of apterae obsolete; normally the spinal processes of abdominal tergites III very long

and thin, those on more posterior tergites, like the marginal ones quite short, and those

on the last 3 tergites again longer; rarely either all spinal processes on abdomen of more

or less equal length, or all hardly developed, or several additional dorsal processes present

on thorax and abdomen. Head and thorax mostly pigmented, to black; abdomen with

more or less pigmented intersegmental sclerites, sometimes with marginal sclerites and/or

with sclerotic plates at the bases of the spinal processes. Dorsal hairs very different from

those in apterae, up to 10 times as long, thorny or with fine apices, arranged as in apterae.

Front always concave, with small frontal tubercles. Antennae much longer than in cor-

responding apterae; segment III with 1—30 rather narrow transversely oval rhinaria side

by side near the middle of the segment or extending towards the apex from near the

middle of the segment in alate females; rhinaria slit-like, very numerous and round about

segments III, IV, V and base of VI in males; all secondary rhinaria ciliate, but some-

times the fringe of hairs incomplete or indistinct; processus terminalis comparatively

longer than in apterae; primary rhinaria larger and with finer cilia than in apterae, with

the accessory rhinaria on segment VI packed against the primary rhinarium; flagellum

mostly nearly smooth on basal half of segment III, gradually more distinctly imbricated

apicad. Legs long and slender; middle coxae very near the hind coxae and very far from

the fore coxae; fore femora, except in one species, markedly incrassate and much thicker

than the middle or hind femora, constricted laterally and dorsally just before the apex,

dorso-apically strongly pigmented, and ventrally at the subapical constriction with a tooth;

fore tibiae shaped like the other tibiae but with a bulge dorsally near the quite black base,

the fore tibiae with 4, the middle tibiae with 3 or 4, the hind tibiae with 3 strong, tooth-

like spines at apex, ventrally; first tarsal joints dorsally much longer than in apterae and

there with 2 hairs, ventrally with 7 hairs. Wings all well developed, with normal

venation, with mostly rather dark veins that may be distinctly bordered, or seemingly clear

cut with under high power a very faint border, or with a very short border at the bases

of the basal and cubital veins in which case the veins end in dark triangles. Siphunculi

apparently implanted on a marginal sclerite that protrudes mediad, darker and more

slender than in apterae, cylindrical in one male, nearly always very distinctly reticulated

with isodiametric cells and a few rows of strongly transverse cells near apex or, in the

male, over nearly their whole surface, with a very little developed flange. Cauda similar

to that of apterae, but with more slender and more tapering knob. Other characters as

in apterae.

First instar larvae or embryos as far as available with antennae of 5 segments, 2 frontal

processes with bifid apices, 2 processes on vertex, a full complement of spinal, pleural

260 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 7, 1968

and marginal, but no submarginal processes to abdominal tergite VI, 4 processes on

tergite VII, and 2 on tergite VIII; all these processes nearly smooth but for the spinulose

apex, and with the same type and size of apical hairs as adult apterae; eyes with many

facets; first tarsal joints spinulose, with 2 hairs ventrally; siphunculi absent.

Larger larvae always with distinct submarginal dorsal processes, from the second instar

with siphunculi, and with the kind of hairs of apterae irrespective of the fact that they

might develop into alatae.

SYSTEMATIC POSITION

The systematic position of Neuguenaphis is very interesting. Laing (1927) placed the

type-species in Myzocallis Pass., i.e., in the Phyllaphidini. Essig (1953) put Nezguen-

aphis in the subfamily Callaphidinae, but Spzcaphzs in a new subfamily, the “Spicaphina”.

Börner & Heinze (1957) considered Nexquenaphis a member of the Drepanosiphum

relationship. Heie (1967) wants to put Newquenaphis together with Sensoriaphis Cottier

in a particular tribe, not named, which he wants to assign to the Callaphididae sensu

Börner, 1952, my Phyllaphidini. Clearly there is considerable agreement among these

authors when the nomenclature they use is translated.

The material, especially that of first instar larvae and sexuales, at my disposal, could

enhance further determination of the position of the genus. The structure of the curious

sclerotic plates of oviparous Neuguenaphis bulbicauda spec. nov., apparently the same

as what Cottier (1953, p. 102) described, suggests that Sensoriaphis Cottier, 1953 is very

closely related.

Dorsal processes occur in widely different aphid genera, and therefore are of hardly

any use for speculations on phylogeny. But the type of processes found in Paoliella

Theobald and its relatives, with one minute apical hair and a number of spinules, rather

strongly resembles that of Nezquenaphis. These African genera also have ciliate secondary

rhinaria, no siphunculi in first instar larvae, and the adult’s siphunculi show a hair on the

anterior surface. The fore femora in alatae are frequently thickened though without a

ventro-apical tooth. The tibiae have very few spinules. The empodial hairs are only at

the apex thickened, and the number of rudimentary gonapophyses is usually four. How-

ever, the nymphs generally have no compound eyes, the head has a very marked V-shaped

suture. Structurally the Paoliella group of genera apparently shows considerable resem-

blance to Newquenaphis, and the differences should not be overestimated. It should be

emphasized that in Phyllaphidini the occurrence of four rudimentary gonapophyses is

very rare.

Chaitophorini do have four rudimentary gonapophyses. The reticulated siphunculi of

Neuquenaphis remind one immediately of Periphyllus v. d. Hoeven and Chaitophorus

Koch, though in those genera there is no hair on the siphunculi. Their empodial hairs

resemble those of Nezquenaphis. But there are no dorsal processes, and the secondary

rhinaria have no cilia around them. First instar larvae without siphunculi are found in

some Periphyllus spp.

The Drepanosiphini have three rudimentary gonapophyses, like the ovipara of Nez-

quenaphis bulbicauda spec. nov. They often have a curious, pigmented chitinous

structure caudad of the genital porus (as depicted in Davatchi, Hille Ris Lambers &

Remaudière, 1957, p. 126, fig. 5), and traces of this are refound in Newgwenaphis. The

D. Hite Ris LAMBERS: A study of Neuquenaphis 261

fore femora of alate Drepanosiphini are just like those of alate Newquenaphis, incrassate,

with a subapical constriction, and with a ventro-apical tooth. Siphunculi have no hair,

but in one case, Yamatocallis takagii Tak., there is some reticulation not unlike that in

Neuquenaphis schlingeri spec. nov. First instar larvae invariably show siphunculi. Dorsal

processes are at least in one genus common in alatae, though never in apterae of larvae.

Apparently Neuguenaphis is a very controversial genus. The oviparae have a structure

that may be some unusual type of subsiphuncular wax gland. The dorsal processes and

several other features resemble those of the African Paoliella-like genera, but the latter

have in alatae a distinct V-shaped ridge in the head capsule, and rather different fore

femora.

Several characters are as in Chaitophorini, but the fore femora are typically like those

in Drepanosiphini. The host plants, Nothofagus spp. belong to a rather primitive plant

order, many genera of which are infested by Phyllaphidini, but they are not known to be

inhabited by Chaitophorini or Drepanosiphini (sensu H.R.L.). In fact, it is impossible

to be positive about the position of Nesquenaphis, but it could be fitted into Heie’s

(1967) phylogenetic tree at a point where his Callaphididae (my Phyllaphidini)

separate from his Chaitophoridae (my Chaitophorini). This tree should then be modified

so, that first the Phyllaphidini are split from the ancestors of the Neuquenaphidini, after

which the Drepanosiphini and Chaitophorini branch from the Neuquenaphidini. The

alternative to this speculation seems to be, that Chaitophorini, Phyllaphidini, Neuquen-

aphidini, Paoliellini and Drepanosiphini are lumped together.

BIOLOGY

All known species of the genus live on trees of the genus Nothofagus Blume in South

America, according to Dr. Schlinger on the undersides of the leaves. Dr. Schlinger col-

lected most species on Nothofagus obliqua, some on N. dombeyi, and one on N. antarc-

tica. Some of the unidentified samples came from Nothofagus sp. on Tierra del Fuego

where also N. betuloides and N. pumilio occur.

The life history of the various Newquenaphis species has not been investigated, and

the material at hand does not offer many clues. In N. essigi, N. edwardsi, N. palliceps

and N. schlingeri the simultaneous occurrence of apterous and alate viviparae is known,

and one may assume that this also occurs in N. bulbicauda and N. similis. But in N.

michelbacheri, N. sensoriata, and N. flavipes, of which many alatae were collected,

apterae either do not occur simultaneously with alatae, or they are very rare. Nothing

points to the existence of alate fundatrices.

So far sexuals, several oviparae and an alate male, are only known in N. bulbicauda,

and they were collected on Februari 6, the equivalent of August 6 on the northern

hemisphere, i.e., very early in the year. There is a possibility that the apterae viviparae

collected before and simultaneously with the oviparae are fundatrices as they contain

embryos with the type of hairs found on the oviparae but different from those found

on the apterae viviparae. That would suggest a very unusual life cycle, consisting of only

two generations, as may occur in certain arctic aphids.

Dr. Cottier told me that in Sensoriaphis sensoriata Cottier the oviparae do not lay

ellipsoid eggs as all other oviparae do, but disc-shaped eggs. Unfortunately the oviparae

of Neuquenaphis at my disposal contain no eggs.

262

(NS)

(2)

(6)

(5)

(4)

(3)

(8)

(7)

(10)

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 7, 1968

KEY TO THE SPECIES

a. Alate viviparous females.

Dorsal spinal processes on the anterior 5 or 6 abd. tergites not developed, not

longer than their half-way width. Processus terminalis much longer than ant.

segment III. Siphunculi not with distinct reticulation, only with 2—3 rows of

very strongly transverse cells near apex. On Nofhofagus obliqua . pote

N. schlingeri spec. nov.

Dora site! aaa at Beast on bel tes I-II well developed and some

of these several times as long as their half-way width. Processus terminalis

usually shorter than ant. segment III. Siphunculi with several rows of more or

less isodiametric cells, rarely not reticulated.

Vertex with at least 4 elongate hair-bearing processes. Cauda with the knob not

or hardly longer than wide, roundish.

Fore wings with all the veins bordered with brown. Mesonotum with 6 long

hair-bearing processes. Processes in posterior row on vertex much longer than

their half-way diameter. Fore femora 11, times as thick as N femora. On

Nothofagus dombeyu weet: erder Nach il ensismiEssie

Fore wings with clear-cut veins. Vera AE 4 long hair-bearing processes.

Processes in posterior row on vertex not longer than their half-way width.

Fore femora twice as thick as other femora. On Nothofagus dombeyi (?),

NOUD Se >... N emigdnspechinor

Vertex without or ni > iele Reine processes; also those on the front

sometimes developed. Sometimes the basal vein in the fore wings very faintly

bordered, but not the others. Knob of cauda mostly much longer than its

largest width, tapering.

Processus terminalis more than 1 mm long, 51/,—71/; times as long as basal

part of ant. segment VI. Ant. segment HI with only 1—6 rhinaria. Head pale

honey-coloured with dark to black rings around the ocelli. Last rostral segment

not or hardly longer than its basal width, very blunt. On Nothofagus dombeyi.

Site N. palliceps spec. nov.

Poca cles Ess (han 1 mm Ing rarely more than 5 times as long as

basal part of ant. segment VI. Ant. segment III usually with more than 5

rhinaria. Last rostral segment much longer than its basal width.

Fore femora not noticeably thicker than the other femora. Pleural processes on

abdominal tergites I—VII distinct, mostly longer than their half-way width.

Fore wings covered with very fine scales with the exception of an elongated

field between wing base and basal vein. Last rostral segment divided by a

mostly colourless, constricted zone into two parts of which the distal one is

hairless. On Nothofagus dombeyi . . . . . . N. bulbicauda spec. nov.

Fore femora much thicker than the other femora. Pleural processes on abdomen

not developed. Fore wings with large fields without any scales. Last rostral

segment not subdivided.

Processus terminalis short, only 2—31, times as long as basal part of ant.

segment VI. Ant. segment III with 12—30 rhinaria. Last rostral segment with

13—18 hairs. On Nothofagus obliqua . . . . N. sensoriata spec. nov.

(11)

(14)

(13)

(16)

(15)

(2)

(6)

(3)

(8)

(7)

(10)

(2)

D. Hire Ris LAMBERS: A study of Neuquenaphis 263

Processus terminalis 31/;—51/, times as long as basal part of ant. segment VI.

Ant. segment III with 3—15 rhinaria. Last rostral segment very exceptionally

with more than 12 hairs.

Antennae 124—124 times as long as body. Ant. segment III with 9—15

rhinaria. Dorsal processes on abd. tergites I—III completely unpigmented.

On Nothofagus obliqua and perhaps N. dombeyi . . N. michelbacheri Essig

Antennae 11/—11/ times as long as body. Ant. segment III with 3—9 rhinaria.

Dorsal processes on abd. tergites I—III brownish, often on dark sclerotic plates

without a paler centre.

Hind femora not, or only just visibly darker than the fore femora. On Notho-

fagus obliqua. . . ee ON acspesmspecmnove

Hind femora very uch ae ind De Raga On various Nothofagus spp.

Complex of wih RE EN ME E Nara ardea ne)

b. Apterous viviparous females.

Head with only 2, frontal, dorsal processes. Abdomen only at the periphery

with long processes, the Dur ones absent or very short. On Nothofagus

obliqua EN TS ONT IRA IEB AO

Head with at feast 4 teas processes on the front and on vertex. Spinal processes

not much shorter than the marginal ones.

Head on vertex with a transverse row of 4 rather long processes. Abdominal

tergite VII usually with 6 processes. Processus terminalis mostly less than 11/

times as long as basal part of ant. segment VI.

Cauda with a globular or transversely oval knob. Hairs on top of the dorsal

processes all knobbed with cylindrical shaft. On Nothofagus obliqua and

perhaps N. dombeyi. (?Spicaphis michelbacheri Essig) . N. essigi spec. nov.

Cauda with the knob often not longer than its maximum width, but then with

a rather acute conical apex. At least part of the hairs on the dorsal processes

sessile, shaped like a heen balloon, at least 0.008 mm thick. On Notho-

fagus dombeyi . . . . „u . . N. bulbicauda spec. nov.

Head with two long processes on vertex between the eyes. Abdominal tergite

VII with only 4 processes. Knob of cauda always elongated.

Last rostral segment very blunt, not or er longer than its basal width.

On Nothofagus dombeyi. . . . TO NE palliceps'spee.noy.

Last rostral segment more than 114 t times as long as its basal width.

Body large, more than 2.50 mm, antennae about 11/, times as long as body.

All hairs on top of dorsal processes distinctly capitate or with striate, enlarged

apex, comparatively long; those on the spinal processes of abdominal tergites

I-II 0.013—0.020 mm long. Embryos with dorsal hairs of up to 0.013 mm

long, capitate. On Nothofagus obliqua. . . . . . N. similis spec. nov.

Body very rarely up to 2.40 mm long, but then antennae not or hardly longer

than body. Hairs on dorsal processes sometimes with swollen apices, but usually

the apex still thinner than the base of the hair. Embryos with dorsal hairs of

less than 0.004 mm, usually much shorter than the spinules on the processes.

On various Nothofagus spp. Complex of. . . . . N. edwardst (Laing)

264 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 7, 1968

DESCRIPTIONS OF THE SPECIES

Neuquenaphis bulbicauda spec. nov.

(Plate 15, figs. 5—8; Plate 17, fig. 16; Plate 18, fig. 17)

Alate viviparous female (from one specimen).

Head and thorax blackish sclerotic; abdomen with inconspicuous brownish interseg-

mental sclerites, and with distinct dark, spinal, pleural and marginal sclerites on which

the dorsal processes are placed. Processes on the front about as long as the hairs on their

top, waisted; vertex with two processes about as long as wide; pronotum with 4 spinal,

mesonotum with two distinct spinal ones slightly longer than their half-way width; meso-

notum with two spinal ones 2—3 times as long as their half-way width; abdomen with

the spinal processes gradually shorter from tergite I, where they are 8—10 times as long

as their half-way width, to tergite VIII; pleural processes on tergites I—VII very

distinct, as long as or longer than their half-way width, and longer than the more conical

marginal and submarginal ones. Hairs on top of the processes thorny, rather acute, about

0.014—0.018 mm long. Antennae brown; segments III near their middle with 3 and 4

transversely oval, distinctly ciliate rhinaria; last rostral segment about 0.09 mm long,

hairs broken, but probably 5 hairs present besides the 3 subapical pairs. Legs with the

femora all about equally dark, tibiae paler; fore femora about 0.07 mm wide, at most

11/10 times as thick as the middle femora, with a not conspicuous ventro-apical tooth;

hind tibiae with some 15—20 spinules near apex; second tarsal joints distinctly spinulose;

empodial hairs bent, linear. Wings with normal venation, veins not bordered and not

with dark triangles at their tips; surface of fore wings evenly scaly. Siphunculi smooth,

rather cylindrical distally, markedly reticulated with 4—5 rows of isodiametric cells and

a few rows of transverse cells. Cauda paler than siphunculi, with the more or less

triangular knob about 114 times as long as its basal, largest, width.

Measurements in mm.

No. Length Ant. Ant. segments Rhin. Siph. Cau.

body III IV V VI on III

1 1.81 2.44 0.60 0.49 0.43 0.14 + 0.63 3 & À 0.13 0.17

(from Nothofagus dombeyi, 8 km W. of La Picada, El Refugio, Volcan Osorno

(Osorno), 6.1I.’67, leg. E.I.S. 67-2-6c).

Apterous viviparous female.

Body about 2.25—3.10 mm long, very broadly oval, about 21%, times as long as wide.

Anterior part of head blackish brown sclerotic, posterior part pale; thorax rather pale;

abdomen pale, with blackish brown intersegmental sclerites, not with sclerites at the base

of the dorsal processes. The latter numerous; head with 2 on front, and 4 in a transverse

row between the eyes; pronotum with 4 spinally, 2 marginally; mesonotum with 4

spinally, 4 marginally; metanotum like abd. tergites I—IV with 2 spinally, 2 pleurally,

2 submarginally, 2 marginally; tergites V—VI without the submarginal ones; tergite VIII

only with 2 spinal ones, and with 2 small hairs not on processes; all the processes thick

and short, 21/,—4 times as long as their half-way width, with very broad bases, the spinal

D. Hire Ris LAMBERS : A study of Neuquenaphis 265

ones on abdomen from 0.050 mm (tergite I) to 0.13 mm (tergite VII) long; all blackish

brown with pale bases, bluntly imbricated with blunt apical spinules; submarginal proces-

ses hardly shorter than the marginal ones. Hairs on top of the processes variable, from

rod-shaped on the front, to often almost stem-less, capitate, often with very thick oboval

knob of up to 0.008 mm wide on abdomen. Antennae in the available specimens only

1/5—3/7 of length of body, with blackish brown basal segments; flagellum brownish

yellow at base, blackish brown towards apex, bluntly imbricated; processus terminalis

1—11 times as long as basal part of segment VI; hairs on segment III rather erect and

spiny, about 0.015 mm long; primary rhinaria small, indistinctly fringed or rather com-

bed with strongly tapering hairs. Ventral side of head with very numerous, about 60,

hairs, in strong contrast to the normal number of ventral hairs elsewhere. Rostrum

reaching just past hind coxae; last segment about 0.30 mm long; with a subapical mem-

branous constriction separating a blackish apical hairless part; hairs on basal half at least

partly fine, up to 0.040 mm long, 3—5 in number (besides the 3 subapical pairs). Legs

short, stout, thick-walled, yellowish brown with the femora dorso-apically, the tibiae at

base dorsally and at apex blackish brown, with numerous rather spiny, partly bluntish

hairs of about 0.035 mm long; tarsi not spinulose, not distinctly imbricated; empodial

hairs rather thickly rod-shaped with spathulate tip. Siphunculi blackish brown, rather

slender, very indistinctly transversely reticulated with 3—4 distinct rows of cells at apex,

with wide flange; subbasal hair club-shaped, stout, about 0.009 mm long. Cauda very

dark, markedly knobbed; the knob onion-shaped, with acute apex, hardly longer than its

greatest width, with numerous hairs.

Measurements in mm.

No. Length Ant. Ant. segments Siph. Cau.

body III IV V VI

1 2:33 1.01 0.27 0.17 0.15 0.10 + 0.14 0.11 0.21

2 3.00 1.05 0.26 0.19 0.16 0.11 + 0.15 0.13 0.27

3 2.76 0.97 0.26 0.18 0.14 0.09 + 0.14 0.13 0.23

4 2.67 1.16 0.32 0.22 0.16 0.11 + 0.16 0.14 0.28

5 DD 0.96 0.23 0.15 0.14 0.10 + 0.15 0.11 0.22

6 3.06 1.11 0.30 0.19: O16 |) 0:13-0:14 0.13 0.30

(1, from Nothofagus dombeyi, 8 km E. of Pucon (Cautín), Chile, 9.11.’67, leg. ELS.

67-2-9c; 2, from Nothofagus dombeyi, 2 km SW. of Villarica (Cautín), Chile, 18.X11.’66,

leg. E.I.S. 66-12-18a; 3, from Nothofagus dombeyi, 20 km E. of Caramavida (Arauca),

Chile, 31.1.’67, leg. E.I.S. 67-1-31c; 4, from Nothofagus dombeyi, 35 km W. of Angol

(Malleco), Chile, 12.11.67, leg. EIS. 67-2-12b; 5, from Nothofagus dombeyi, 18 km

W. of Angol (Malleco), Chile, 10.11.67, leg. E.I.S. 67-2-10d; 6, from Nothofagus sp.,

Puerto Eden, Wellington Island (Magallanes), Chile, 4.XII. 58, leg. Kuschel, BMNH

no. 40/60).

Oviparous female.

Rather like apterous viviparous female, but more elongated, much smaller, 1.50—1.90

mm long. Dorsal processes much more slender, longer, spinal ones on abd. tergite I 0.11

mm, on tergite VII 0.16 mm, to 9 times as long as their half-way width; abd. tergite VII

with only 4 processes. All hairs on the tops of dorsal processes sessile and balloon-shaped,

266 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 7, 1968

0.010 mm thick. Antennae 14,—24 of length of body; processus terminalis about 114

times as long as base of segment VI; hairs on segment III at most 0.004 mm long, blunt.

Underside of head with only 6 hairs, as normal. Last rostral segment as in preceding

morph. Legs more slender, rather evenly brownish yellow, with straight tibiae; hind tibiae

half-way about 11/, times as thick as the other tibiae, with on the inner side about 40— 50

somewhat tuberculate pseudosensoria of 0.004—0.007 mm diameter; second tarsal joints

with some spinules. Siphunculi rather dark brownish, slender, on the large flange with

some coalescing transverse lines; subbasal hair club-shaped, placed in a shallow, flat pit.

Cauda very different, dark, with the acorn-shaped, blunt knob 11/, times as long as its

largest width. Caudad and mediad of each of the (ventral) abdominal stigmal pori of

segments VI and VII very dark brownish black sclerites which are densely striate, the

striae apparently consisting of very dense rows of minute pin-pricks, but in profile these

sclerites completely smooth. Rudimentary gonapophyses rather distinctly 3, but the middle

one with twice as many chaetae as the lateral ones. Subgenital plate roundish, evenly

hairy.

Measurements in mm.

No. Length Ant. Ant. segments Siph. Cau.

body III IV V VI

1 1255 0.96 0.26 0.15 0.15 0.11 + 0.16 0.12 0.20

2 1.85 0.97 0.29 0.16 0.13 0.10 + 0.15 0.14 0.26

3 1.81 0.94 0.26 0.15 0.14 0.11 + 0.15 0.14 0.20

4 1252 0.95 027 0.14 0.14 0.11 + 0.16 0.14 0.21

(no. 1—4, from Nothofagus dombeyi, 8 km W. of La Picada, El Refugio, Volcan

Osorno (Osorno), Chile, 6.11.'67, leg. E.I.S. 67-2-6c).

Alate male (from one specimen).

Body 1.29 mm long. Head and thorax blackish brown sclerotic; abdomen without local

sclerotisation or pigmentation. Dorsal processes on head and thorax not developed, on

abdomen only spinally present, the longest on tergite I 0.030 mm long, the rest shorter,

all more or less similar in size, and less than 0.022 mm long; all pale or vaguely brownish.

Antennae blackish brown, segments III—V and base of VI covered round about with

short, slit-like, much protruding, ciliate rhinaria. Underside of head with 6 hairs. Last

rostral segment 0.10 mm long, structurally as in apterae viviparae but with only 2 hairs

of 0.016 mm besides the 3 subapical pairs. Legs dark throughout; fore femora not thicker

than hind femora, ventrally with a normal apex; hind tibiae with more than 20 spinules

near apex, the other tibiae without spinules; first tarsal joints of fore and middle legs

only with some spinules along the ventral margin, but those of hind legs like all the

second joints with many spinules over their whole surface. Wings with pale brown,

normal venation, evenly covered with small scales with the exception of a rather narrow

zone near posterior margin between basal vein and basis of wing. Siphunculi dusky,

cylindrical with suddenly expanded base, the cylindrical part more than twice as long

as wide, with coarse isodiametric or even longitudinal reticulation from tip to base;

subbasal hair broken or absent. Cauda paler than siphunculi, strongly knobbed, the knob

very slender, blunt, 0.091 mm long, 0.040 mm wide. Genitalia apparently normally

developed.

D. HiLLE Ris LAMBERS: À study of Neuquenaphis 267

Measurements in mm.

No. Length Ant. Ant. segments Rhin. on segment Siph. Cau.

body DTS TVA EN: VI III IV V VI

1 1202/04 0:61. OAT 0:30" 014-1046 GO E 7203 6802 LIAISON

Discussion. It would not have been possible to believe that the oviparae described here

were conspecific with the apterae viviparae if the latter did not contain embryos. For

these embryos clearly show hairs in the shape of a stratosphere balloon of the same type

as those found on the dorsal processes of the oviparae, and almost equally thick. In the

sample with oviparae there was one very mouldy aptera vivipara that was not measured,

and that also shows the very hairy underside of the head present in the other viviparae.

The male and alata described above differ even more from the apterae viviparae, but

they belong here unless there is still another Neuguenaphis on Nothofagus dombeyi of

which no other morph or nymph was collected. The fore femora are not enlarged and

nearly lack the ventro-apical process. The fore wings are evenly covered with small scales

whereas in nearly all other species of which alatae are available these scales occur in a

very distinct pattern, and are completely absent elsewhere. Therefore I could not associate

the male and the alate female with one of the other species. The main reason for con-

sidering them conspecific with N. bylbicauda is in the structure of the last rostral

segment, which is like that of the apterae viviparae and the oviparae.

The apterae viviparae are almost certainly very old specimens, but they may well be

fundatrices. If this is right, this species is unique among aphids in having only two

generations per annum, for these apterae seem to produce the oviparae, and, presumably,

the males. The few nearly adult nymphs in the sample by their structure appear to be

young oviparae.

Types. Holotype: Apterous viviparous female (no. 2 of measurements), from Notho-

fagus dombeyi, 2 km SW. of Villarica (Cautin), Chile, 18.XII.’66, leg. E. I. Schlinger

no. 66-12-18a. Paratypes: 1 apterous viviparous female, from Nothofagus dombeyi, 8 km

E. of Pucon (Cautín), Chile, 9.11.’67, leg. E. I. Schlinger no. 67-2-9c; 1 aptera vivipara,

from Nothofagus sp., Puerto Eden, Wellington Island (Magallanes), Chile, 4.X11.’58,

leg. Kuschel, BMNH no. 40/60; 1 aptera vivipara, from Nothofagus dombeyi, 20 km E.

of Caramavida (Arauca), Chile, 31.1.’67, leg. E. I. Schlinger no. 67-1-31c; 1 aptera

vivipara, from Nothofagus dombeyi, 35 km W. of Angol (Malleco), Chile, 12.11.67,

leg. E. I. Schlinger no. 67-2-12b; 1 aptera vivipara, from Nothofagus dombeyi, 18 km

W. of Angol (Malleco), Chile, leg. E. I. Schlinger no. 67-2-10d; 1 damaged aptera

vivipara, 1 alate male, 1 alate female, and 6 oviparae, from Nothofagus dombeyi, 8 km

W. of La Picada, El Refugio, Volcan Osorno (Osorno), Chile, 6.11.67, leg. E. I.

Schlinger no. 67-2-6c.

Neuquenaphis chilensis Essig, 1953

(Plate 18, fig. 18)

1953. Essig, E. O., Proc. Calif. Acad. Sc. (IV) 28: 67—69, Neuquenaphis chilensis.

Alate viviparous female.

Body about 2.20 mm long. Head and thorax dark sclerotic; abdomen only with vague,

small intersegmental sclerites and rather pale marginal sclerites. Head with 2 frontal

268 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 7, 1968

processes of about 0.060 mm each with 2 hairs, 2 more posterior ones of about 0.040 mm,

and a row of 4 on vertex of about 0.025 mm long; pronotum with 4 spinal processes of

about 0.090 mm and 2 pleural ones of about 0.074 mm; mesonotum with 4 spinal ones

of about 0.090 mm, and 2 between the posterior spinal ones of about 0.060 mm; meta-

notum with 4 in a row of about 0.027 mm; abdominal tergite I only with 2 spinal ones

of about 0.078 mm, and thick, conical marginal and submarginal ones of about 0.026

mm; tergites II—-VII with an unpaired, variable (0.013—0.035 mm long) median

process, 2 spinal processes of 0.043—0.078 mm, occasionally very small pleural processes,

and rather distinct, thickly conical, marginal and submarginal processes. Hairs on top of

the processes nearly all very blunt, about 0.016 mm long, sometimes with tapering, some-

times with incrassate apices. Antennae about 6/7 of length of body, with very dark basal

segments, and yellowish, apicad dark, flagellum; segment III on the middle fourth part

with 6 transversely oval, markedly ciliate rhinaria; hairs on segment III rather numerous,

about half as long as diameter of the segment at its strongly constricted base. Rostrum

with the more or less elongated acorn-shaped ultimate segment faintly tapering towards

base, more strongly towards apex, about 0.11 mm long, not constricted distad the sub-

apical hairs, with 5 hairs besides the 3 subapical pairs. Femora brown, tibiae paler; fore

femora paler than the other femora, in the middle about 0.105 mm thick, about 11%

times as thick as the middle femora; apices of hind tibiae with very few, 5—8, spinules;

second tarsal joints not very spinulose. Wings with normal venation, evenly scaly; veins

dark smoky, all broadly but very vaguely bordered with very pale brown, with distinct

brown triangles at their apices. Siphunculi dark, truncated conical, completely smooth,

with wide flange; subbasal hair on a tubercle, at apex thicker than at base. Cauda dark,

with the knob nearly spherical, about as long as its largest width.

Measurements in mm.

No. Length Ant. Ant. segments Rhin. Siph. Cau.

body III IV V VI on III

1 2.19 1.89 0:60 0400 30017-21025 6&6 0.09 0.16

(1, holotype, “beating at Hacienda San Andrès, Paranque, Chile, Jan. 15, 1957, A. E.

Michelbacher’’).

Discussion. Through the kindness of Dr. P. H. Arnaud I could examine the type of

this species. The species was described from three specimens, from Nothofagus dombeyi,

Purranque, Osorno, but the paratypes were out on loan and could not be examined.

It appears to be very closely related to N. essigi spec. nov., but there are marked dif-

ferences in the number and sizes of the processes on the head and the mesonotum, in the

shapes of the hairs on top of the dorsal abdominal processes, in the sculpture of the

siphunculi, and in the shape of the secondary rhinaria, the latter being much more

strongly transverse in N. essigi than they are in N. chilensis. From Essig’s figure one gets

the impression that the veins in the wings are heavily bordered, but this is not so marked.

However, the alate specimen of N. essigi happens to be very much darker after clearing

than the type of N. chilensis, and therefore the banded veins would seem to be a reliable

difference.

Presumably also N. chilensis must have an apterous morph, and if this is true, it may

be very difficult to distinguish it from that of N. essigi. In fact, there is reasonable doubt

D. HırıE Ris LAMBERS: A study of Neuquenaphis 269

whether the insect described here intentionally as a new species under the name N. essigi

is really the same as Spicaphis michelbacheri Essig, the single existing specimen of which

could not be examined. It is not impossible that Spzcaphis michelbacheri Essig, 1953, is

really a synonym of N. chilensis Essig, 1953. It is, however, clear, that N. esszgz spec. nov.

is not a synonym of N. chilensis.

Type. Holotype: Alate viviparous female, beaten from presumably Nothofagus dom-

beyi, Purranque (Osorno), Chile, 15.I.’51, leg. A. E. Michelbacher. Paratypes: 2 alate

viviparae with data as for holotype.

Neuquenaphis edwardsi (Laing, 1927)

(Plate 1775 hiss: 15% 15)

1927. Laing, F., Rev. Soc. Ent. Argentina 2: 23—24, Myzocallis edwardsi.

1939. Blanchard, E. E., Physis (Buenos Aires) 17: 880—881, Neuguenaphis edwardsi Laing.

Alate viviparous female 1).

Body about 1.85—2.35 mm long. Head and thorax almost black; abdomen with small,

blackish, intersegmental sclerites and with slightly paler marginal, pleural, and spinal

hair- or process-bearing sclerites, of which the marginal ones are the largest, the pleural

ones the smallest and vaguest. Processes on front, pronotum and mesonotum very rarely

developed; those on abd. tergites I, II and III dark, cylindrical, often constricted near

base, to 0.075 (0.097) mm long and about 7 times as long as their half-way width; some-

times also tergite IV with rather tall processes, those on more posterior tergites normally

short, often shorter than wide, but those on VII and VIII again longer; hairs on top of

spinal processes of tergites I—III 0.016—0.022 (0.021—0.045) mm long, very nearly

acute, to very acute. Antennae 114,—124 (11/,—11/,) times as long as body; brownish

to dark brown, gradually darker towards apex, with the very base of segment III quite

pale and the part bearing the rhinaria always just darker than the part basad; segment III

at or just basad the middle with a very compact row of 3—8 (3—9), rarely 2, strongly

transverse rhinaria with conspicuously long (0.0045—0.005 mm) cilia; processus ter-

minalis not more than 0.75 (0.67) mm long, 324—51/ times as long as base of segment

VI. Last rostral segment about 0.10 mm long, at base just over half its length, with

4—6 hairs besides the 3 subapical pairs. Legs brownish yellow to yellowish brown, but

always with the middle and especially the hind femora very much darker to black, darker

than the siphunculi; maximum width of fore femora about 0.11—0.13 mm, length about

0.60 mm; hind tibiae with more than 10 spinules near apex; second tarsal joints spinulose.

Wings with normal venation; veins brown, seemingly clear cut, but at least the basal vein

under high power very faintly and narrowly bordered; none of the veins with even a trace

of dark triangles at their tips. Siphunculi dark, reticulated with about 4—5 rows of more

or less distinctly isodiametric cells and 3—4 rows of strongly transverse cells; subbasal

hair about 0.022 (0.026—0.039) mm long. Cauda dark, but paler than the siphunculi,

with the rather slender, blunt knob 124—2 (115—125) times as long as its largest

width.

1) If for an organ two sets of figures are given, the one between brackets refers to southernmost

material.

270 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 7, 1968

Measurements in mm.

No. Length Ant. Ant. segments Rhin. Siph. Cau.

body III IV V VI on III

1 2.02 Deli 0.79 0.59 0.51 0.15 + 0.56 5&6 0.14 0.19

2 1.92 2.63 0.76 0.54 0.46 0.14 + 0.56 5&6 0.11 0.16

3 2.03 2.86 0.82 0.60 049 0.13-+ 0.66 4&5 0.11 0.19

4 1297 2.89 0.83 0.55 0.51 0.15 + 0.68 4&6 0.11 0.21

5 2:22 2.88 0.76 0.57 0.54 0.15 + 0.68 5&6 0.11 0.20

6 1.96 2.82 0.82 0.50 0.46 0.14-+ 0.73 4 & À 0.12 0.18

7 2.04 2.85 0.80 0.55 0.48 0.15 + 0.69 3 & À 0.11 0.21

8 1.99 2.89 0.77 0.54 0.46 0.16-+ 0.58 3 & 4 0.10 0.19

9 1.91 2.83 0.84 0.55 0.47 0.14 + 0.67 4&6 0.11 0.16

10 2.23 2.83 0.82 056 0.49 0.17 + 0.60 6&6 0.10 0.18

11 2:25 3.02 0.90 0.62 0.53 0.16 + 0.67 6&8 0.12 0.18

12 1.86 2.62 0.77 0.51 0.40 0.14 + 0.64 7&9 0.10 0.17

13 2.19 273 07997053 0.49 0.14 + 0.61 8 & 8 0.11 0.17

(1—2, paratypes, from Nothofagus sp., Bariloche (Neuquen), Argentine, 1.XIII.' 26, leg.

F. W. Edwards; 3—4, from Nothofagus obliqua, 35 km W. of Angol (Malleco), Chile,

12.11.67, leg. ELS. 67-2-12a; 5—6, from Nothofagus glauca or obliqua, 12 km W. of

Cuesta Santa Julia (Rio Negro), Argentine, 17.X11.’66, leg. ELS. 66-12-17b; 7, from

Nothofagus glauca or obliqua, Las Trancas (Nuble), Chile, 15.11.67, leg. E.I.S. 67-2-15b;

8, from Nothofagus antarctica?, Laguna Amarga (Magallanes), Chile, 7.X11.’66, leg.

E.I.S. 66-12-7a; 9—13, from Nothofagus sp., Puerto Williams, Navarino Isl. (Tierra del

Fuego), Chile, I-'59, leg. Kuschel).

Apterous viviparous female.

Body pear-shaped, about 2.00—2.50 mm long. Tergum mostly with head brownish

sclerotic, abdomen with vague brownish transverse bars bearing the spinal and pleural

processes and with marginal brownish sclerites, or quite pale. Submarginal processes

either absent, or very erratically one of only 1/ the length of nearest marginal processes

present. All processes more or less pigmented, from just brownish to blackish brown,

mostly rather curved, slender, the spinal ones of abd. tergite III, e.g., 8—10 times as

long as their half-way width, and about 0.13 mm long; their apical hairs on a specimen

and between specimens variable in length and shape, sometimes very short (0.004 mm)

hairs markedly capitate, but longer hairs on the same specimen cylindrical; in some

samples all hairs on spinal processes of abd. tergites I—III very short (0.003—0.006

mm), sometimes all these hairs over 0.009 mm long. Antennae 9/,,—11/,, times length

of body, in one specimen (fundatrix?) 24 of length of body, pale with basal segments

and apex darkish, from basal 14 part of segment III apicad gradually more distinctly

imbricated; processus terminalis 31/4,—33/, times length of base of segment VI, but in

one specimen (fundatrix?) only 224 times base of segment VI; in one specimen 2 & 3

roundish rhinaria present on ant. segment III. Rostrum mostly reaching past middle

coxae; last segment mostly twice or more times as long as its basal width, about 0.11—

0.12 mm long, with 4—6 hairs besides the 3 subapical pairs. Legs rather short, with the

pigmentation correlated with the sclerotisation of dorsum; coxae and femora from pale

brownish to blackish brown; tibiae evenly pale, to blackish apically, near apex with

some spinules, often in transverse rows. Siphunculi dark to black, volcano-shaped with

wide, thick flange, short, smooth with two rows of more or less complete, very strongly

D. Hire Ris LAMBERS : A study of Neuquenaphis 271

transverse reticulations on the flange. Cauda rather dark, variable as to shape of knob

which is 124—21/ times as long as its largest width in most specimens.

Measurements in mm.

No. Length Ant. Ant. segments Siph. Cau.

body III IV V VI

1 215 1.91 0.48 0.33 0.31 0.13 + 0.47 0.12 0.26

2 2.42 1.68 0.45 0.30 0.27 0.14 + 0.36 0.13 0.27

3 2.10 1.82 0.47 0.32 0.28 0.13 + 0.45 0.13 0.26

4 2.10 2.03 0.54 0.37 0.34 0.15 + 0.45 0.14 0.24

5 225 2.07 0.50 0.38 0.38 0.15 + 0.47 0.12 0.26

6 2.06 DINO 0.57 0.35 0.35 0.14 + 0.50 One 0.22

7 2.36 2.13 0.59 0.39 0.36 0.14 + 0.46 0.13 0.26

8 2.19 2.20 0.52 0.40 0.38 0.15 + 0.56 0.13 0.24

(1, from Nothofagus antarctica, Laguna Amarga (Magallanes), Chile, 7.XII.'66, leg.

E.I.S. 66-12-7a; 2—5, from Nothofagus not antarctica, 35 km S. of Estancia Cameron

(Tierra del Fuego), Chile, 2.XII.'66, leg. E.I.S. 66-12-2d; 6, from Nothofagus antarctica?,

27 km N. of Punta Arenas (Magallanes), Chile, 27.XI.’66, leg. EIS. 66-11-27a;

7—8, from Nothofagus sp., Puerto Williams, Navarino Island (Tierra del Fuego), Chile,

1.59, leg. Kuschel BMNH 39/60).

Discussion. Through the kindness of Dr. V. F. Eastop I could examine two paratypes.

These have fewer secondary rhinaria than mentioned in the original description.

Alatae of edwardsi strongly resemble those of N. flavipes spec. nov. but they differ

by the dark hind femora which usually are much darker than the fore femora. Specimens

that have been treated too long in KOH, or teneral specimens, cannot be distinguished

with certainty from alatae of N. flavipes spec. nov.

Alatae from the area from which F. Laing described the species agree excellently with

the type material. But specimens collected from Nofhofagus species other than obliqua,

on Tierra del Fuego, are less certainly N. edwardsi (Laing). They show on an average

longer dorsal hairs, and a great variation in the development of the dorsal processes. In

some specimens nearly all the spinal processes are very elongated.

The apterae that have been described here as N. edwardsi may belong to several similar

species of which only the alatae were described. These apterae show a last rostral segment

of 0.11—0.12 mm long except in one specimen in which they are 0.10 mm, and a very

great variation in pigmentation, from a uniformly pale dorsum to brown transverse bars

across the abdominal tergites. Such dark specimens differ from pale specimens by having

longer dorsal hairs. In one sample from Nothofagus antarctica the cauda is thicker than

in the others. The second aptera measured has rather shorter antennae, and it might be a

fundatrix. Careful study of embryos did not give an answer to the question whether the

observed differences are differences between clones, or differences between taxa.

The alate material collected in the type area suggests that Nothofagus obliqua is really

a hostplant. In other samples containing alatae there is no certainty about the host species.

Dr. S. J. van Ooststroom informed me that Nothofagus obliqua has been recorded from

Tierra del Fuego besides N. antarctica, N. betuloides, and N. pumilio.

Types. Holotype: Alate viviparous female, from Nothofagus sp., Bariloche (on the

label Bauloche, perhaps meant San Carlos de Bariloche?) (Neuquen), Argentine,

272 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 7, 1968

1.XIL’26, leg. F. W. Edwards. Paratypes: Alatae with data as for holotype.

Further material: 24 alatae, from Nothofagus obliqua, 35 km. W. of Angol (Malleco),

Chile, 12.11.’67, leg. E. I. Schlinger no. 67-2-12a; 3 alatae, from Nothofagus glauca or

obliqua, 12 km W. of Cuesta Santa Julia (Rio Negro), Argentine, 17.X11.'66, leg. E. I.

Schlinger and M. E. Irwin no. 66-12-17b; 1 alata, from Nothofagus glauca or obliqua,

Las Trancas (Nuble), Chile, 15.11.67, leg. E. I. Schlinger no. 67-2-15b; 1 alata, from

Nothofagus antarctica (?), Laguna Amarga (Magallanes), 7.XII.'66, leg. E. I. Schlinger

and M. E. Irwin 66-12-7a; 10 alatae, from Nothofagus sp., Puerto Williams, Navarino

Islands (Tierra del Fuego), Chile, Jan. 1959, leg. Kuschel BMNH no. 39/60; 11 apterous

viviparous females, from Nothofagus not antarctica, 35 km S. of Estancia Cameron

(Tierra del Fuego), Chile, 2.XII.’66, leg. E. I. Schlinger and M. E. Irwin 66-12-2d;

2 apterae, from Nothofagus antarctica?, 27 km N. of Punta Arenas (Magallanes), Chile,

27.XI. 66, leg. E. I. Schlinger no. 66-11-27a; 1 aptera, from Nothofagus antarctica?,

Laguna Amarga (Magallanes), Chile, 7.XII.'66, leg. E. I. Schlinger no. 66-11-7a; 1

aptera, from Nothofagus antarctica, 37 km S. of San Carlos de Bariloche (Rio Negro),

Argentine, 17.X1.’66, leg. E. I. Schlinger and M. E. Irwin, 66-11-17a; 2 apterae, from

Nothofagus sp., Puerto Williams, Navarino Isl., Tierra del Fuego, Chile, 1.59, leg.

Kuschel BMNH 39/60.

Neuquenaphis essigi spec. nov.

(Plate 19, figs. 19, 20)

21953. Essig, E. O., Proc. Calif. Acad. Sc. (IV) 28 : 69—70, Spicaphis michelbacheri.

Alate viviparous female (from one specimen).

Body rather large and broad. Head and thorax blackish; abdomen with strongly

transversely oval, dark intersegmental sclerites and rather marked, dark brown marginal

sclerites, but no spinal or pleural sclerites. Head with 2 frontal processes of about 0.060

mm long, 2 of about 0.025 mm more caudad, and 4 small ones not higher than their

basal width between the compound eyes; pronotum with 2 spinal pairs of about 0.10 mm,

and a marginal pair of about 0.060 mm; mesonotum with 2 spinal pairs of about 0.080

mm; metanotum with a pair of about 0.035 mm; abdominal tergites I—IV each with a

very slender, curved, almost cylindrical, spinal hair of about 0.085—0.10 mm, a small,

only 0.015 mm long marginal pair, and a large, strongly tapering, very thick, submarginal

pair of about 0.045 mm long, and besides these, an extremely small pleural pair; on

tergites V—VII the spinal and pleural pairs all quite small, mutually not much differing

in size, but the marginal pair still large though rather slender; on tergite VIII only a

spinal pair as large as the marginal ones of tergites V—VII; additional small scattered

processes present on tergite VI and especially on VII; all these processes are nearly

smooth also at the top, and dark brown. On each process an apical, subacute, spiny

hair of about 0.016—0.025 mm long, but the frontal processes each with two bluntish

hairs; besides these hairs on processes, a small number of additional, smaller, dorsal

hairs not on processes are present on abdominal tergites I—VII. Antennae dark brown

with blackish basal segments, but the very base of segment III quite pale; just below

the middle of segment III a group of strongly transverse rhinaria, slightly more than

their smallest width from each other, with long (0.006 mm) cilia; hairs on segment

III very numerous, about 150 per mm length of segment, acute, spiny, at angles of about

40°, and about 0.016 mm long. Last rostral segment about 0.115 mm long, with probably

D. Hite Ris LAMBERS: A study of Neuquenaphis 273

4 hairs besides the 3 subapical pairs. Legs normal; fore femora swollen to twice thickness

of hind femora, dark honey-brown, like all tibiae; middle and hind femora black; tibiae

without spinules; first tarsal joints with two of its hairs very long, to 0.052 mm, and

very stout; second tarsal joints not very spinulose; empodial hairs slightly spathulate at

their tip. Wings with rather dark, normal venation; veins seemingly clear cut, but actually

hardly visibly bordered (high power!). Siphunculi not darker than marginal sclerites,

smooth with 5—6 transverse striae near the very large flange; subbasal hairs bluntish,

not at all capitate, 0.016 mm long. Cauda dark brown; knob almost globose, as long as

or just shorter than wide, only on basal half spinulose, with 27 hairs all marginally and

ventrally. Rudimentary gonapophyses 3, far apart, with 2, 2, 1 hair, respectively.

Measurements in mm.

No. Length Ant. Ant. segments Rhin. Siph. Cau.

body III IV V VI on III

1 2:52 2.39 0.78 0.63 0.49 0.22 + 0.33 6&7 0.11 0.16

(from Nothofagus obliqua, Cuesta la Dormida (Santiago), Chile, 1.XI.'66, leg. EIS.

66-11-1a).

Apterous viviparous female (from one specimen).

Body very broadly oval, at most 114 times as long as wide, 2.40 mm long.

Tergum with distinct dark brown local sclerotisation consisting at a minimum of round

sclerotic plates at bases of each spinal, pleural, and marginal dorsal process, and smaller

ones at bases of additional dorsal processes; at a maximum sclerotic plates more or less

completely fused to dark transverse bars, first on posterior tergites. Dorsal processes

arranged as follows: front with one pair of about 0.087 mm long, slightly caudad a pair

of about 0.035 mm, between the compound eyes 4 of about 0.035 mm in a row; prono-

tum with 2 spinal pairs (0.075 mm), one pleuro-marginal pair (0.080 mm); mesonotum

with 2 spinal pairs, the anterior pair nearly twice as far apart as the posterior pair (0.075

mm), and 2 marginal pairs (0.065 mm); metanotum with one spinal pair (0.075 mm),

one pleural pair, one marginal pair and a small subspinal pair; abdominal tergites I—VII

all with one spinal pair, one pleural pair and one marginal pair of 0.100—0.170 mm

long, but between these, in the same transverse line, smaller processes of 0.050—0.110

mm long; caudad all these processes reach their maximum length; all processes pale,

wrinkled, with only at the top four indistinct, bluntish spinules; dorsal hairs on top of

processes very short, about 0.006 mm long, markedly knobbed, with the knob about as

wide as the length of the thin shaft; a few hairs not placed on processes, cylindrical, blunt,

about 0.009 mm long. Antennae very short, about 34 of length of body, with blackish

basal segments; flagellum brownish yellow with dark apex; cilia around primary rhinaria

very indistinct; processus terminalis about as long as base of segment VI; hairs on seg-

ment III very scarce, less than 30 per mm length of segment. Underside of head with

6 hairs on the frontal bulge and 4 hairs between the eyes. Rostrum nearly reaching hind

coxae; last segment nearly twice as long as its basal width, 0.122 mm long, with 4 hairs

besides the 3 subapical pairs. Legs not very short; all femora blackish, tibiae pale with

blackish base and apex, with very few, 2—5 spinules near apex; longest hair on first

tarsal joint only 0.050 mm long; empodial hairs bent near base, but apparently cylindrical,

274 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 7, 1968

not spathulate. Siphunculi not much darker than dorsal sclerotisation, smooth or faintly

striate, with large flange; subbasal hair on a tiny process. Cauda with the knob broader

than long. Rudimentary gonapophyses 3.

Measurements in mm.

No. Length Ant. Ant. segments Siph. Cau.

body III IV V VI

1 2.40 1.34 0.33 0.27 0.23 0.16 + 0.16 ? 0.13

(from Nothofagus obliqua, Cuesta la Dormida (Santiago), Chile, 1.X1.'66, leg. ELS.

66-11-12).

Discussion. The alata shows clearly that there is no generic difference between this

species and the type-species of Newquenaphis Blanchard, and consequently Spicaphis

Essig, 1953, type-species Spicaphis michelbacheri Essig, 1953, p. 69, is here considered

a synonym of Neuquenaphis Blanchard, 1939. But because there is already a Neuguen-

aphis michelbacheri Essig, 1953, p. 66, a name I want to retain, Neuquenaphis michel-

bacheri (Essig, 1953, p. 69) (transferred from Spicaphis Essig) requires a new name.

Because the latter species, like Newquenaphis essigi spec. nov., is known from only a

single apterous specimen, it is in this case equally impossible to decide whether essigz

spec. nov. is the same species as Spicaphis michelbacheri Essig, or a different species.

I therefore refrain from giving a new name to Neuguenaphis michelbacheri (Essig, 1953,

p. 69), and prefer to describe Neuguenaphis essigi as a new species, with Spicaphis

michelbacheri Essig as a questionable synonym. In this context also the chapter on

Neuquenaphis chilensis Essig should be consulted.

The greater number of dorsal processes in N. essigi (and N. bulbicauda) is not a

satisfactory argument even for considering Spicaphis a subgenus of Nezquenaphis. Also

N. schlingeri would then require a new taxon.

Recognition of this species is very easy, but it resembles N. chilensis which Essig

(1953) suspected of being the alate morph of his Spzcaphis michelbacheri (vide p. 269).

The differences in structure between alatae and apterae in this species are so great

that one might think that they are not conspecific. However, in the alata embryos are

present, and in one of these one can see hairs on top of dorsal processes exactly like

those found in the aptera and in the embryos inside the latter. As in Newguenaphis

michelbacheri, there is confusion about the identity of the host plant species.

Types. Holotype: Apterous viviparous female, from Nothofagus obliqua, Cuesta la

Dormida (Santiago), Chile, 1.XI.'66, leg. E. I. Schlinger, no. 66-11-1a. Paratype: Alate

viviparous female with data as for holotype.

Neuquenaphis flavipes spec. nov.

(Plate 16, fig. 10)

Alate viviparous female.

Body about 2.00—2.55 mm long. Head and thorax brownish black; abdomen with

conspicuous intersegmental sclerites as dark as the siphunculi, and with usually less dark

marginal sclerites and spinal sclerites on which the processes stand. Front, pronotum and

mesonotum with spinal processes that are broader than their height (0.020 mm); ab-

D. HriLLE Ris LAMBERS: A study of Neuquenaphis 275

domen with on the anterior 3 or 4 tergites dark, cylindrical or basally constricted spinal

processes, the longest of which are about 0.060—0.080 mm; tergites IV, etc, with short

processes, those on VII and VIII again longer, to 0.030 mm; on top of each a very acute

hair of 0.030 mm. Antennae 11/,—11/, times as long as body, brownish yellow, gradually

darker to blackish brown towards apex with the part bearing the secondary rhinaria just

darker than the part basad or apicad, nearly smooth basad the rhinaria but gradually

more distinctly imbricated towards apex; segment III just below the middle with a short

row of 4—9 (in two out of about 110 antennae: 3) transversely oval rhinaria with

distinct cilia of about 0.0035 mm long; processus terminalis in our samples less than

0.75 mm long, 315—41 times as long as base of segment VI. Last rostral segment

rather elongated, about 0.105—0.11 mm long, at base about half its length, with usually

6 hairs besides the 3 subapical pairs. Legs yellow to yellowish brown with the knees of

the fore legs quite dark; hind femora not or hardly darker than the fore femora, always

much paler than the siphunculi; maximum width of fore femora about 0.115 mm, length

about 0.70 mm; second tarsal joints with many spinules but tibiae with at most about

10 spinules near apex. Wings with normal venation; veins in fore wings brown, clear

cut, without dark triangles at their apices. Siphunculi mostly paler than mesosternum,

distinctly reticulated with about 3—4 rows of nearly isodiametric cells and 4—5 rows of

strongly transverse cells, with near base a hair of about 0.025 mm. Cauda slightly paler

than siphunculi, with the slender knob 124—2 times as long as its maximum width.

Measurements in mm.

No. Length Ant. Ant. segments Rhin. Siph. Cau.

body III IV V VI on III

1 2.23 2.96 0.84 0.63 0.55 0.16 + 0.61 6&8 0.11 0.21

2 2.04 3.10 0.90 0.63 0.56 0.17 + 0.67 6&7 0.12 0.18

3 2515 2.97 0.84 0.63 0.55 0.17 + 0.60 8&9 0.13 0.21

4 2.26 2.94 0.95 0.66 0.56 0.17 + 0.60 6&7 0.13 0.20

5 231 3, 0.94 0.72 0.57 0.16 + 0.60 6&7 0.13 0.22

6 2.20 3.33 0.94 0.71 0.63 0.18 + 0.68 VEST 0.12 0.21

(All from Nothofagus obliqua, Chile; 1—2, Cuesta la Dormida (Santiago), 1.XI.'66,

EIS. 66-11-1a; 3—4, 29 km E. of Padre de las Casas (Cautin), 10.X1.’66, EIS.

66-11-10a; 5, 12 km W. of La Union (Valdivia), 11.XI.’66, EIS. 66-11-11a; 6, Los

Muermos (Llanquihue), 18.1.’ 67, Zuniga no. 11).

Discussion. Several samples of this species are available, some quite large. All consist

of alatae and sometimes also nymphs. But as several similar Newquenaphis live on Notho-

fagus obliqua, the identity of the nymphs usually is not quite certain. The alatae strongly

resemble those of N. edwardsi (Laing). But of both species samples from several pro-

vinces are available, and these differ very clearly by the pigmentation of the legs,

especially the hind femora. Small differences in the length of the spinal hairs, the number

of spinules on the tibiae, and the length of the processus terminalis also help to

distinguish the two species.

Alatoid nymphs and nymphs without wing pads are present in several samples, notably

that from Los Muermos. They show the appropriate shape of the last rostral segment,

fairly well developed submarginal processes, exceedingly short (0.004—0.006 mm)

276 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 7, 1968

hairs on the tops of the middorsal processes, and a processus terminalis of about 0.45—

0.55 mm in the larger specimens. Though the dorsal processes are brownish, their bases

are paler and the integumentum around their bases is not pigmented. None of the

available apterae viviparae can with certainty be associated with the alatae of flavipes

(vide sub N. edwardsi Laing).

Types. Holotype: Alate viviparous female (no. 6 of measurements), from Nofhofagus

obligua, Los Muermos (Llanquihue), Chile, 18.1.’67, leg. E. Zuniga no. 11. Paratypes:

17 alate viviparous females with data as for holotype; 42 alata viviparous females, from

Nothofagus obliqua, Cuesta la Dormida (Santiago), Chile, 1.X1.’66, leg. E. I. Schlinger

no. 66-11-1a; 4 alate females, from Nothofagus obliqua, 29 km E. of Padre de las Casas

(Cautin), Chile, 10.XI.'66, leg. E. I. Schlinger and M. E. Irwin, no. 66-11-10; 10 alate

viviparous females, from Nothofagus obliqua?, 12 km W. of La Union (Valdivia), Chile,

11.X1.’66, leg. E. I. Schlinger and M. E. Irwin, no. 66-11-11a; 4 alate viviparous females,

from Nothofagus sp., 4 km S. of Los Muermos (Llanquihue), Chile, 12.XI.’66, leg.

E. I. Schlinger and M. E. Irwin no. 66-11-12b.

Additional material: 2 alate viviparous females, yellow trap, Santiago, Chile, VIII.’66,

leg. Accatino no. 10.

Neuquenaphis michelbacheri Essig, 1953

(Plate 16, fig. 12)

1953. Essig, E. O., Proc. Calif. Acad. Sc. (IV) 28 : 66—67, Neuquenaphis michelbacheri.

Alate viviparous female.

Body about 1.70—2.25 mm long. Head and thorax blackish; abdomen pale with pale

brownish intersegmental sclerites, sometimes with rather vague, paler, brownish sclerites

at the bases of spinal dorsal processes and then these sclerites with a very pale centre.

Processes on front and thorax not developed or just indicated; those on abd. tergites

either colourless or just visibly pigmented; the spinal processes on tergites I—III cylin-

drical or tapering, rarely constricted at base, 21/ to 8 times as long as their half-way

width, up to about 0.070 mm long, with acute hairs of 0.016—0.026 mm on top, those

on the posterior tergites and the marginal ones mostly not higher than their basal width.

Antennae 124—12,/ times as long as body, with dark brown or black basal segments and

brownish yellow, apicad darker flagellum; segment III less than one mm long, on the

middle portion over 1/4, or 14 part of their length with 9—15 strongly transversely oval

rhinaria with a distinct, complete, fringe of hairs of less than 0.003 mm long; processus

terminalis less than one mm long, 41/,—51/, times as long as base of segment VI; flagel-

lum past the rhinaria gradually more distinctly imbricated. Rostrum about reaching to the

middle coxae; last segment 0.087—0.098 mm long, about 134 times its basal width, with

4—6 hairs besides the 3 subapical pairs. Legs brownish yellow to yellowish brown, with

dark knees to the fore legs; hind femora sometimes darker brown than the fore femora;

apices of hind tibiae with very few, 1—9, spinules between the hairs. Fore wings with

quite dark, seemingly clear cut veins, but basal vein with a vague brownish border, and

all the veins with inconspicuous but distinct dark triangles at their tips. Siphunculi not

black, but dusky brown, about like the coxae, with 5—6 rows of isodiametric reticulation

and 1—2 rows of rather incomplete, strongly transverse, reticulation. Cauda paler than

siphunculi, the rather small knob 11/,—2 times as long as its maximum width.

D. Hire Ris LAMBERS : A study of Neuquenaphis 277

Measurements in mm.

No. Length Ant. Ant. segments Rhin. Siph. Cau.

body III IV V VI on III

1 1.73 2.79 0.75 0.57 0.49 0.13 + 0.70 9& 11 0.09 0.14

2 2.01 2.85 0.80 0.54 0.48 0.14 + 0.73 10& 10 0.11 0.17

3 2.00 2.93 0.78 0.60 0.50 0.15 + 0.72 9 & 10 0.12 0.20

4 2,22 3.30 0.91 0.65 0.56 0.16 + 0.83 13 & 13 0.14 0.20

5 2.01 3.20 0.93 0.64 0.53 0.16 + 0.77 15 & 15 0.14 0.19

6 1.95 3.02 0.86 0.62 0.55 0.15 + 0.69 10 & 10 0.12 0.18

7 1.85 2.96 0.83 0.56 0.49 0.15 + 0.76 8 & 10 0.12 0.18

8 1772 2.78 0.68 0.55 0.51 0.14 + 0.73 9 & 10 0.11 0.18

(1-2, paratypes, from Nothofagus dombeyi, Temuco (Cautin), Chile, 28.151, leg.

A. E. Michelbacher; 3—5, from Nothofagus obliqua, 20 km E. of Padre de las Casas

(Cautin), 10.X1.’66, leg. ELS. 66-11-10a; 6, from Nothofagus obliqua, Cuesta la Dor-

mida (Santiago), Chile, 1.X1.’66, leg. ELS. 66-11-14; 7, from Nothofagus obliqua, 8

km W. of Angol (Malleco), Chile, 10.11.66, leg. E.I.S. 67-2-10b; 8, from Nothofagus

dombeyi, 8 km W. of La Picada, El Refugio, Volcan Osorno (Osorno), Chile, 6.11.'67,

leg. E.I.S. 67-2-6c).

Discussion. Dr. Schlinger collected several samples that agree completely with the para-

types of Neuquenaphis michelbacheri Essig. At first sight the specimens look like N.

edwardsi, to which it is closely related. But it differs by the pale spinal processes which

are not or rarely placed on pigmented sclerotic plates. That might suggest more or less

teneral specimens, or too long treatment with KOH. However, the dark wing veins and

the triangles at the ends of the veins of the fore wings suggest more pigmentation, and

it is the combination of the pale dorsal processes, the dark triangles and the higher

average number of secondary rhinaria that have convinced me that two species are in-

volved. Essig mentions 8—16 rhinaria, in his specimens, we found 8—15 in ours.

E. O. Essig gave the host plant as Nothofagus dombeyi, just as in Neuguenaphis essigi

spec. nov., but Dr. Schlinger collected both species off Nothofagus obliqua, and only

one michelbacheri from Nothofagus dombeyi. Most probably some mistake has been

made in the identification of the host plant.

Apterae are not known. I do not exclude the possibility that they are among the

apterous material listed in this paper under Neugwvenaphis edwardsi Laing.

Types. Holotype: Alate viviparous female, from Nothofagus dombeyi, near Temuco

(Cautín), Chile, 28.151, leg. A. E. Michelbacher. Paratypes: 12 alate viviparous females

with data as for holotype.

Further material: 1 alata, from Nothofagus obliqua, Cuesta la Dormida (Santiago),

Chile, 1.X1.’66, leg. E. I. Schlinger, no. 66-11-1a; 1 alata, from Nothofagus obliqua?,

19.6 km W. of Angol (Malleco), Chile, 9.XI.'66, leg. E. I. Schlinger and M. E. Irwin,

no. 66-11-9a; 5 alatae, from Nothofagus obliqua, 29 km E. of Padre de las Casas (Cau-

tin), 10.X1.’66, leg. E. I. Schlinger and M. E. Irwin, no. 66-11-10a; 1 alata, from Notho-

fagus dombeyi, 8 km W. of la Picada, El Refugio (Osorno), 6.11.1967, leg. E. I. Schlin-

ger, no. 67-2-6c; 3 alatae, from Nothofagus obliqua, 18 km W. of Angol (Malleco),

10.II. 67, leg. E. I. Schlinger, no. 67-2-10b.

278 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 7, 1968

Neuquenaphis palliceps spec. nov.

(Platel Amie M ARD late nl io)

Alate viviparous female.

Body rather large, about 2.25—2.90 mm long. Head brownish yellow, usually pale,

always with very conspicuous blackish brown rings around the ocelli; pronotum about as

dark as head; mesothorax darker but never blackish; abdomen either quite unpigmented,

or with some small and inconspicuous, brownish, intersegmental sclerites. Front, prono-

tum, and mesonotum with very short (0.020 mm) darkish processes; abdomen on tergites

I-II with very slender, almost cylindrical, quite colourless, up to about 0.10 mm long,

spinal processes; the other tergites with conical, usually faintly brownish spinal processes

of about 0.020—0.040 mm long; marginally on tergites II—-V on each side mostly two

short (0.015 mm) conical processes, though several may be undeveloped; on top of each

dorsal process a long, fine and straight hair of 0.035—0.045 mm long. Antennae very

long, 124—2 times as long as body, pale, with the flagellum gradually darker towards

apex; segment III at about 4/, of its length with 1—6 transversely oval rhinaria side by

side; 2 and 5 rhinaria may occur on the same specimen; these rhinaria indistinctly ciliate,

and parts of the rim apparently without hairs; processus terminalis more than one mm

long, 51/,—71/, times as long as basal part of segment VI. Rostrum very short; last seg-

ment short, only 0.080—0.090 mm long, blunt, about 1—1Y, times as long as its basal

width, with 4—6 hairs besides the 3 subapical pairs. Legs long, pale brownish yellow,

but the knees of the fore legs blackish brown; hind tibiae apparently without spinules on

apical part; second tarsal joints with few distinct spinules on the imbrications. Wings

with normal, rather dark venation, the basal vein just visibly bordered with very pale

brown. Siphunculi dark, possibly sometimes blackish, darker than the mesosternum, with

5—7 basad less distinct rows of nearly isodiametric reticulation and some very indistinct

transverse reticulation. Cauda pale, the knob rather tapering, about 124—17/, times as

long as its greatest width.

Measurements in mm.

No. Length Ant. Ant. segments Rhin. Siph. Cau.

body III IV V VI on II

1 2.94 4.83 1.32 1.04 094 0.19 + 1.09 4&5 0.16 0.22

2 2.78 4.99 1292) 109 1029) 70212 1815 3&4 0.21 0.24

3 2.49 4.67 1.21 09 0.92 0.16+ 1.21 3&4 0.15 0.21

4 257 4.68 131 09 095 0.16 + 1.09 3 & 3 0.14 0.22

5 2.49 5.01 1,357 21:.04°00:972 007054123 3 & 3 0.15 0.19

6 2.50 4.76 103 002.0:89200°.0:892 20818121215 2&3 0.17 0.21

(All from Nothofagus dombeyi; 1—2, 4 km SW. of Villarica (Cautín), Chile, 18.XII.'66,

leg. EIS. 66-12-18a; 3, Las Trancas (Nuble), Chile, 28.1.’67, leg. E.I.S. 67-1-28e; 4, 35

km W. of Angol (Malleco), Chile, 12.11.67, leg. E.I.S. 67-2-12b; 5, 18 km W. of Angol

(Malleco), Chile, 10.11.’67, leg. E.I.S. 67-2-10d; 6, 8 km E. of Pucon (Cautin), Chile,

9.11.67, leg. EIS. 67-2-9c).

Apterous viviparous female.

Body rather large, about 2.25—2.70 mm long, rather broadly pyriform. Tergum with

more or less distinct, brownish, local sclerotisation; head pale to pale brownish; thoracic

D. HırıE Ris LAMBERS : A study of Neuquenaphis 279

nota and abd. tergites with colourless to brown spinal, pleural and marginal sclerites on

each of which a dorsal process stands. Dorsal processes rather long and straight, slender,

10—12 times as long as their half-way width, the spinal ones on abd. tergite III about

0.17—0.22 mm long; submarginal processes on abdomen absent, or inconspicuous and

not longer than their half-way width; processes light brown to brown with paler bases,

moderately scabrous, with very small apical spinules. Hair on top of the processes

tapering, 0.008—0.012 mm long, with the apex bluntish, not incrassate. Antennae pale

yellowish, gradually darker towards the light brown apex, very long, 124—17 times as

long as body; processus terminalis 43/;—51/, times as long as basal part of segment VI.

Rostrum not reaching the middle coxae; last segment about 0.080—0.085 mm long,

blunt, not or hardly longer than its basal width, with 3—5 hairs besides the 3 subapical

pairs. Siphunculi stout, pigmented like the sclerites, i.e., from very pale with just darker

apex, to brown, near apex with 2—4 rows of slightly transverse reticulations which basad

become very indistinct. Cauda also in pigmented specimens pale, with the oval knob

about 114,—19/,, times as long as its greatest width.

Measurements in mm.

No. Length Ant. Ant. segments Siph. Cau.

body III IV V VI

1 2.68 3.58 1.00 0.68 0.62 0.16 + 0.87 0.21 0.28

2 2.36 3.66 1.00 0.70 0.64 0.17 + 0.88 0.17 0.27

3 2.29 3.66 0.94 0.76 0.66 0.18 + 0.89 0.20 0.27

4 2.49 3.53 0.96 0.69 0.67 0.18+ (0.81+) 0.15 0.29

(1, from Nothofagus dombeyi, Petrohué (Osorno), Chile, 15.XI-'66, leg. EIS. 66-11-

15a; 2—3, from Nothofagus dombeyi, 11.4 km E. of Llao Llao (Rio Negro), Argentine,

16.X1.’66, leg. E.I.S. 66-11-16a; 4, from Nothofagus sp., Puerto Eden, Wellington Island

(Magallanes), Chile, 13.X11.’58, leg. Kuschel, BMNH no. 41/60).

Fundatrix.

Very much like preceding morph, but body slightly broader. Dorsum in the available

specimens perhaps sclerotised but not pigmented. Dorsal processes slightly thicker and

shorter. Submarginal processes on abd. segments I—IV very well developed, 14—%

times of the length of the nearest marginal processes. Antennae about 115—124 times

length of body; processus terminalis 31/,—41/, times as long as basal part of segment VI.

Siphunculi brownish yellow, with 2—3 rows of strongly transverse reticulation near the

flange, remainder smooth. Cauda with the knob 11/—124 times as long as its greatest

width. Other characters about as in the preceding morph.

Measurements in mm.

No. Length Ant. Ant. segments Siph. Cau.

body III IV V VI

1 2291 2.88 0.73 0.53 0.52 0.18 + 0.68 0.19 0.26

2 2.87 3.47 0.97 0.69 0.62 0.20 + 0.75 0.21 0.28

3 1.92 2.78 0.75 0.54 OIL 0.14 + 0.65 0.18 0.21

4 2.19 2.92 0.76 0.58 0.55 0.16 + 0.64 OR 0.23

5 2.42 2.92 0.81 0.55 0.54 0.17 + 0.61 0.15 0.28

6 2.45 2.76 0.69 0.55 0.52 0.16 + 0.61 0.17 ?

280 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 7, 1968

(1—2, from Nothofagus dombeyi, Petrohué (Osorno), Chile, 15.1.’66, leg. ELS.

66-11-15a; 3—4, from Nothofagus dombeyi, 11.4 km E. of Llao Llao (Rio Negro),

Argentine, 16.X1.'66, leg. EIS. 66-11-16a; 5—6, from Nothofagus sp., Puerto Eden,

Wellington Island (Magallanes), Chile, 13.XII.’58, leg. Kuschel, BMNH no. 41/60).

Discussion. Enough alatae from different collections are available for a good insight

into the variability of that morph. Various nearly full grown alatoid nymphs with visible

secondary rhinaria can with certainty be identified as belonging to the same species as the

alatae with which they occurred in the samples.

Unfortunately apterae were in no case present in the same sample with alatae and

therefore doubt about their identity persists. Another difficulty is that in most samples

with apterae, there are two quite different kinds that because of the shape of their last

rostral segment can only be Nexgzenaphis palliceps spec. nov., unless there exists another

species with an extremely blunt last rostral segment of which no alatae were collected.

In one kind there are quite long submarginal processes, and therefore 8 dorsal processes

on each of abdominal segments I—V, in the other kind submarginal processes are absent

or minute, and only 6 dorsal processes on each of the mentioned abdominal segments are

present. Such a reduction of the number of dorsal processes was also observed in the

oviparae of Neuquenaphis bulbicauda spec. nov, in comparison with the apterae viviparae

of that species.

Because the body and the cauda in specimens with submarginal dorsal processes tend

to be broader, and the processus terminalis slightly shorter, I have tentatively described

them as fundatrices of Neuguenaphis palliceps spec. nov. It is not significant that

moderately to well developed submarginal processes occur in the mentioned alatoid

nymphs, for in species in which the apterae have no trace of submarginal Pros the

alatoid nymphs always have them.

Types. All from Nothofagus dombeyi. Holotype: Alate viviparous female (ae 1808

measurements), 2 km SW. of Villarica (Cautin), Chile, 18.XII.'66, leg. E. I. Schlinger

no. 66-12-18a. Paratypes: 41 alatae with collecting data as for holotype; 9 alatae, Las

Trancas (Nuble), Chile, 28.11.’67, leg. E. I. Schlinger no. 67-1-28e; 3 alatae, 35 km W.

of Angol (Malleco), Chile, 12.11.67, leg. E. I. Schlinger no. 67-2-12b; 17 alatae, 8 km

E. of Pucon (Cautin), Chile, 9.11.’67, leg. E. I. Schlinger no. 67-2-9c; 18 alatae, 18 km

W. of Angol (Malleco), Chile, 10.II.' 67, leg. E. I. Schlinger no. 67-2-10d; 1 alata, Las

Trancas (Nuble), Chile, 15.11.67, leg. E. I. Schlinger no. 67-2-15a; 5 fundatrices(?)

and 1 aptera vivipara, Petrohué (Osorno), Chile, 15.XI.'66, leg. E. I. Schlinger and

M. E. Irwin no. 66-11-15a; 3 fundatrices and 9 apterae viviparae, 11.4 km E. of Llao

Llao (Rio Negro), Argentine, 16.XI.'66, leg. E. I. Schlinger and M. E. Irwin no.

66-11-16a.

Further material: 2 fundatrices(?) from Nothofagus sp., Puerto Eden, Wellington

Island (Magallanes), Chile, 13.XII.'58, leg. Kuschel, BMNH no. 41/60; 1 aptera vivi-

para, host, locality and collector like preceding, but 4.XII.'58, BMNH no. 40/60; 2 alate

viviparous females, no host, date or locality, leg. Roy. Soc. Exp. to S. Chile, 1958—59,

HW 17 T 128, and some nymphs with similar data.

D. Hite Ris LAMBERS: A study of Neuquenaphis 281

Neuquenaphis schlingeri spec. nov.

(Plate 14, fig. 2; Plate 17, fig. 14)

Alate viviparous female.

Body about 1.40—1.70 mm long. Head very pale brown with blackish brown rings

around the ocelli; thorax brown to dark brown; abdomen without any pigmentation.

Dorsal processes either completely absent, or only very small and low ones on front and

on abd. tergite VIII. Spinal hairs somewhat spiny, 0.011—0.021 mm long, only on abd.

tergites VII and VIII sometimes on raised bases. Antennae pale yellow with dark brown

apices, thin, 11/—11/ times as long as body; segment I with a low blunt process at inner

apex; segment III with 1—3 round or broadly oval rhinaria at about 13 from base, rather

far apart; cilia present but very indistinct; processus terminalis much longer than seg-

ment III, 434—514 times base of segment VI. Rostrum hardly reaching middle coxae;

last segment 0.060 mm long, hardly longer than its basal width, with 2—4 hairs besides

the 3 subapical pairs. Legs slender, pallid with the much incrassate fore femora brownish

yellow with blackish brown dorso-apical part; hind tibiae with rather numerous, perhaps

40 or 50, spinules on distal portion. Wings with normal, thin, rather dark brown veins,

the fore wings with very dispersed scales over nearly their whole surface. Siphunculi very

broadly conical, low, dark to probably black, without isodiametric cells, only with some

rows of very strongly transverse cells on and just below the indistinct flange; submedial

hair acute, 0.013—0.015 mm long. Cauda pale; the shortly acorn-shaped knob only 114

times as long as its largest width.

Measurements in mm.

No. Length Ant. Ant. segments Rhin. Siph. Cau.

body III IV V VI on III

1 1.40 1.84 0.41 0.31 0.28 0.11 + 0.61 METZ 0.06 0.17

2 1.83 2.67 0.57 0.45 0.52 0.15 + 0.83 DIS? 0.06 0.16

3 1.67 DDD. 0.57 0.41 0.45 0.17 + 0.80 283 0.07 0.15

(1—2, from Nothofagus obliqua, 18 km W. of Angol (Malleco), Chile, 10.11.67, leg.

ELS. 67-2-10b; 3, like no. 1 but ELS. 67-2-10g).

Apterous viviparous female.

Body rather pyriform, about 1.60—1.80 mm long. Tergum completely colourless, not

visibly sclerotized. Dorsal processes pale, rather slender, to 10 times as long as their half-

way width, slightly curved, slightly spinulose. Head only with 2 long (0.15 mm), frontal

processes; pronotum without processes; from mesothorax to abd. segment IV each seg-

ment with 2 long marginal processes, 2 submarginal processes 14—1/ of the length of

the marginal ones, and 2 very short, often completely absent, spinal processes of at most

0.040 mm long; tergite VI with long marginal processes, and submarginal processes of

0.040—0.080 mm; tergite VII with 2 long spinal processes and 2 long marginal proces-

ses; tergite VIII only with 2 moderately long (0.050—0.080) spinal processes; pleural

processes absent. Hairs on top of the processes about 0.012—0.014 mm long, cylindrical,

quite blunt or with slightly incrassate apex. Antennae pale with blackish brown apices,

11/4—124 times as long as body; segment V as long as, or longer than segment III;

processus terminalis 5—6 times as long as basal part of segment VI, to twice as long as

282 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 7, 1968

segment III. Rostrum short, only just reaching to the middle coxae; last segment very

short, to 0.070 mm long, hardly or not longer than its basal width, with 2—4 hairs

besides the 3 subapical pairs. Legs pale; hind tibiae slightly incrassate on basal 13 part

and there with 5— 30 rather flat pseudosensoria; on distal half an unusually large number

of spinules, some 50—70 in number. Siphunculi rather low conical, dusky on distal half

or above, ornamented as in alatae or more extensively so. Cauda pale, the thick knob

shortly acorn-shaped, only 114—114 times as long as its largest width.

Measurements in mm.

No. Length Ant. Ant. segments Siph. Cau.

body Ill IV V VI

1 1279 2.30 0.37 0.34 0.41 0.15 + 0.88 0.07 0.13

2 1.76 2.30 0.43 0.37 0.40 0.14 + 0.79 0.07 0.17

3 1.67 2.34 0.38 0.35 0.39 0.14 + 0.81 0.08 0.16

4 1.66 2.16 0.38 0.34 0.40 0.13 + 0.75 0.09 0.16

5 1.66 232 0.42 0.33 0.43 0.15 + 0.83 0.07 0.13

6 1.62 2.04 0.36 0.30 0.36 0.12 + 0.68 0.07 0.17

7 1.64 1.96 0.36 0.29 0.36 0:13 4=10:67 0.09 0.16

8 1.66 ? 0.26 0.24 0.33 0.12+ 2 0.09 0.16

(All from Nothofagus obliqua; 1—4, 15 km E. of Curanipe (Maule), Chile, 24.1.'67,

leg. EIS. 67-1-24a; 5—7, 18 km W. of Angol (Malleco), Chile, 10.11.'67, leg. ELS.

67-2-10c; 8, 20 km E. of Padre de las Casas (Cautin), Chile, 10.XI.’66, leg. E.I.S.

66-11-10a).

Discussion. The species can very easily be recognized by the distribution of dorsal

processes in apterae viviparae, the virtual absence of such processes in alatae, the long

processus terminalis, short last rostral segment, etc.

In seven of the apterae described the hind tibiae have pseudosensoria as in oviparae,

but they contain many embryos and no eggs. In specimen no. 8 the antennal segments

are very much shorter than in the others, the tibiae have short, faintly capitate hairs on

the dorsal surface on basal half, and the hind tibiae have no pseudosensoria. This might

be a fundatrix.

The pattern of the dorsal processes in embryos seems to be essentially like that of older

larvae; only the marginal processes are elongate, the others obsolete; the hairs on top of

the processes are very short, at most 0.005 mm long, but very distinctly knobbed.

Types. Holotype: Apterous viviparous female (no. 1 of measurements), from Notho-

fagus obliqua, 15 km E. of Curanipe (Maule), Chile, 24.1.°67, leg. E. I. Schlinger no.

67-1-24a. Paratypes: 3 apterae viviparae, with data as for holotype; 6 apterae viviparae

and 3 alatae, from Nothofagus obliqua, 18 km W. of Angol (Malleco), Chile, 10.11.’67,

leg. E. I. Schlinger no. 67-2-10g and 67-2-10b; 1 aptera vivipara (fundatrix?), from

Nothofagus obliqua, 20 km E. of Padre de las Casas (Cautin), Chile, 10.XI.'66, leg.

E. I. Schlinger and M. E. Irwin no. 66-11-10a.

Neuquenaphis sensoriata spec. nov.

(Plate 14 (fig. 13 Plate Noy fig: 11)

Alate viviparous female.

Body about 1.70—2.05 mm long. Head and thorax black or blackish; abdomen with

small pale to dark brown intersegmental sclerites and with or without very small and

D. Hire Ris LAMBERS: A study of Neuquenaphis 283

inconspicuous pale brownish sclerites at the bases of spinal hairs or processes. Processes

on head and thorax absent or reduced to low hills; those on abdominal tergite I—III to

about 0.080 mm long but mostly much shorter, usually slender and up to 10 times as long

as their half-way width, not or rarely constricted near base, usually slightly pigmented

and then nearly always paler at apex than at base, with on top a hair of up to 0.022 mm

with a rarely quite blunt, usually very nearly acute apex; processes on more posterior

tergites small or undeveloped while those on tergite VIII are hardly larger than those on

tergites VI or V. Antennae 11/,,—12/ times as long as body; basal segments dark to

blackish, flagellum with the part basad the secondary rhinaria pale, the rest brownish

to dark brown; segment III with 12—30 rhinaria, in an uneven, partly double, row

starting at basal 14,—2 part and ending at %—9/,o of the length of the segment;

cilia around the rhinaria rarely up to 0.0035 mm, normally shorter; processus terminalis

short, only 2—31{ times as long as base of segment VI. Rostrum just reaching middle

coxae; apical segment rather long, 0.10—0.11 mm, with rather straight sides, twice as

long as its basal width, with 7—12 hairs besides the 3 subapical pairs. Legs brownish

yellow with blackish knees to the fore femora, distinct darker apices to the tibiae; hind

femora much darker than fore femora, up to almost black; apices of hind tibiae with very

few, perhaps 3—8, spinules. Wings with normal venation; veins dark, under high power

with a very vague brownish border, and with hardly noticeable dusky triangles at their

tips. Siphunculi dark to blackish, with 3—4 rows of isodiametric cells and 3—4 rows of

strongly transverse reticulation. Cauda slightly paler than the siphunculi, the knob

consisting of a thick globular part with a slightly thinner cylindrical, apically rounded

part on top, therefore only 11/,—1%/; times as long as its largest width.

Measurements in mm.

No. Length Ant. Ant. segments Rhin. Siph. Cau.

body III IV V VI on III

1 1.89 2.16 0.73 0.38 0.33 0.13 + 0.41 17 & 20 0.11 0.18

2 1.97 2825 0.73 0.41 0.39 0.13 + 0.40 23 & 25 0.12 0.16

3 1.88 2.19 0.73 0.40 0.39 0.13 + 0.40 20 & 22 0.12 0.17

4 1.78 2.20 0.72 0.44 0.36 0.13 + 0.38 19/8223 0.12 0.17

5 1.86 2-17 0.66 0.46 0.33 0.14 + 0.33 14 & 16 0.10 0.16

6 1.89 2.29 0.76 0.49 0.30 0.15 + 0.30 16& 17 0.09 0.15

U 1.95 2:22 0.70 0.43 0.36 0.15 + 0.38 SS 0.11 0.18

8 1.86 2:35 0.76 0.46 0.39 0.15 + 0.43 12 & 14 0.12 0.15

(1—4, from Nothofagus obligua?, 19.6 km W. of Angol (Malleco), Chile, 9.XI.'66,

leg. EIS. 66-11-9a; 5—7, from Nothofagus obliqua, Cuesta la Dormida (Santiago),

Chile, 11.XI.'66, leg. ELS. 66-11-1a; 8, from Nothofagus obliqua, 18 km W. of Angol

(Malleco), Chile, 10.11.67, leg. E.I.S. 67-2-10b).

Apterous viviparous female.

Body broadly oval, about 1.90—2.10 mm long. Head and pronotum rather dark brown

sclerotic, meso- and metanotum and all abdominal tergites with corrugated, brown, spino-

pleural sclerotic transverse bars on which the spinal and pleural processes stand. Sub-

marginal processes absent. Dorsal processes long, on tergite VII 0.25—0.32 mm long,

mostly slightly curved, rather stout, e.g., those on tergite III 5—7 times as long as their

half-way width, pale with the very base and the apical half dark to brown; distal third

284 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 7, 1968

unusually smooth, and the 4—5 apical spinules blunt to semiglobular, the hairs on top of

mid-dorsal processes exceedingly short, 0.004 mm long or shorter, mostly not extending

past the apical “spinules’’, with rather globular, thin tips. Antennae just over half as long

as body, brown with basal part of segment III pale; processus terminalis 115—2 times as

long as base of segment VI. Rostrum reaching past middle coxae; last segment 0.11—

0.125 mm long, with 8—11 hairs besides the 3 subapical pairs. Siphunculi blackish brown

with the very base partly pale, nearly smooth with some rows of transverse reticulation

on or just below the wide flange. Cauda brown with the knob consisting of a globular

and a blunt conical part or acorn-shaped, 11/ times as long as its largest width.

Measurements in mm.

No. Length Ant. Ant. segments Siph. Cau.

body III IV V VI

1 2.02 1.11 0.32 0.13 0.18 0.11 + 0.21 0.11 0.23

2 2.07 1.17 0.32 0.17 0.21 0:13 019 0.11 0.22

3 1.94 1.03 0.29 0.14 0.17 Onde IONIE 0.11 0.21

(1-2, from Nothofagus obliqua?, 19.6 km W. of Angol (Malleco), Chile, 9.X1.’66,

leg. E.I.S. 66-11-9a; 3, from Nothofagus obliqua, Cuesta la Dormida (Santiago), Chile,

11-XI.'66, leg. EIS. 66-11-1a).

Discussion. Most alatae of this species can easily be recognized by the high number

of rhinaria on antennal segments III; when there is an overlap with other species, the

short processus terminalis and the number of hairs on the last rostral segments may help.

It is likely that specimens with less than twelve secondary rhinaria occur because sample

E.I.S. 66-11-1a consists of only 13 specimens with 12—19 rhinaria. In sample ELS.

66-11-9a the following numbers occur: 14 (1 x), 15 (1 x), 17 (4x), 18 (2x), 19 (5 x),

20,(13 x), 21 (9 x), 22 (7 x), 23 (14x),24 (12 x), 25 (3 x) 26 (x) AE)

and 30, (Io):

The apterae almost certainly belong to the same species as the alatae with which they

were collected. For they also show a rather long last rostral segment with a high number

of hairs, a short processus terminalis, etc.

First instar larvae have a last rostral segment of 0.096 mm, marginal dorsal processes

of up to 0.11 mm, while the spinules on top of these processes are semiglobular. Alatoid

nymphs with a discernible high number of secondary rhinaria have normal, sharply

spinulose, dorsal processes, including short submarginal ones, on abdominal tergites

I—IV.

Types. Holotype: Alate viviparous female (no. 1 of measurements), from Nothofagus

obliqua?, 19.6 km W. of Angol (Malleco), Chile, 9.X1.’66, leg. E. I. Schlinger no.

66-11-9a. Paratypes: 36 alatae and 4 apterous viviparous females with data as for

holotype; 13 alatae and 3 apterae, from Nothofagus obliqua, Cuesta la Dormida (Santia-

go), Chile, 1.X1.’66, leg. E. I. Schlinger no. 66-11-1a.

Additional material: 1 alata, from Nothofagus obliqua, 18 km W. of Angol (Malleco),

Chile, 10.11.67, leg. E. I. Schlinger no. 67-2-10b.

D. Hire Ris LAMBERS: A study of Neuquenaphis 285

Neuquenaphis similis spec. nov.

(Plate 14, fig. 3)

Apterous viviparous female.

Body about 2.65—2.80 mm long, elongated pyriform. Head pale brownish; thorax

and abdomen pale, to faintly brownish around the bases of the dorsal processes. The

latter arranged as usual, but erratically short submarginal processes present, 1—2 per

body and mostly on abd. tergites IV and III; spinal processes on abd. tergite II—III

about 0.13—0.17 mm long, and about 7—8 times as long as their half-way width, brown

with paler bases, with rather faintly imbricated distal part. Hairs on top of dorsal

processes stout, with a rather cylindrical shaft and swollen, indistinctly longitudinally

striate apex, about 0.013—0.022 mm long. Antennae about 124—114 times as long as

body, with brown basal segments; flagellum brownish yellow with dark brown apex;

processus terminalis 4—41/ times as long as basal part of segment VI; hairs on ant.

segment III rather long, 0.016 mm, stiff, just blunt, numerous so that about 80—90

hairs per mm length of flagellum occur. Rostrum just reaching hind coxae; last segment

about 0.13—0.14 mm long, with 4—6 hairs besides the 3 subapical pairs. Legs long,

especially the tibiae, yellowish brown with darker femora; second tarsal joints distinctly

but very superficially imbricated, with very few, perhaps 5—8 spinules ventrally. Siphun-

culi pigmented like the femora, smooth, with only on the large flange 2—3 rows of

coalescing striae or strongly transverse reticulation. Cauda paler than siphunculi, the rather

thick, very blunt knob about 11/, times as long as its greatest width.

Measurements in mm.

No. Length Ant. Ant. segments Siph. Cau.

body III IV V VI

1 2.68 3.87 0.96 0.89 0.75 0.18 + 0.85 0.19 0.30

2 2575 4.09 1.00 0.89 0.81 0.21 + 0.87 0.16 0.29

3 SU 4.01 1.02 0.89 0.76 0.21 + 0.83 0.20 0.31

(1—3, from Nothofagus obliqua, 20 km E. of Caramavida (Arauco), Chile, 31.1.’67,

leg. E.I.S. 67-1-31b).

Discussion. Of a few Neuguenaphis species, including some known from Nothofagus

obliqua, only alatae are known. Therefore it seems possible that the apterae described

here as Neuquenaphis similis might belong to N. sensoriata, N. flavipes or N. michel-

bacheri. But the processus terminalis in alate N. sensoriata and N. flavipes is too short.

The embryos in N. similis are quite characteristic, with capitate dorsal hairs of about

0.009 mm long, and they have faintly capitate hairs on the femora. In N. sensoriata,

N. flavipes, and also in N. michelbacheri the embryos have dorsal hairs of 0.002—0.004

mm, and the femora have acute hairs. Apparently there must be still another kind of

alatae on Nothofagus obliqua, of which by analogy one can predict that it has the anten-

nae at least 11/, times as long as body, probably quite long dorsal hairs, and embryos with

dorsal hairs of at least 0.009 mm long.

Types: Holotype: Apterous viviparous female (no. 1 of measurements), from Notho-

fagus obliqua, Caramavida (Arauco), 31.1.1967, leg. E. I. Schlinger no. 67-1-31b. Para-

types: 5 apterae with collecting data as for holotype.

286 TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 7, 1968

TYPES

In British Museum (Natural History), London: holotype and paratypes of Myzocallis

edwardsi Laing, paratypes of Neuguenaphis bulbicauda spec. nov, N. flavipes spec. nov.

and N. sensoriata spec. nov. In Science Museum of California Academy of Sciences, San

Francisco: holotype of Neuguenaphis chilensis Essig, holotype and paratypes of N.

michelbacheri Essig, holotype of Spicaphis michelbacheri Essig. In Essig collection in

Entomology Division, University of California, Berkeley: paratypes of Neuguenaphis

chilensis Essig and N. michelbacheri Essig. In Agricultural Experimental Station, La Rin-

conada near Maipu, Chile: holotypes of Neuguenaphis bulbicauda spec. nov., N. palliceps

spec. nov., N. schlingeri spec. nov., N. sensoriata spec. nov., N. similis spec. nov., as well

as paratypes of most of these species and of N. flavipes spec. nov. In Department of

Entomology, University of California, Riverside: paratypes of the mentioned new species

excepting N. essigi spec. nov. In the author's collection: holotypes of N. esszgz spec. nov.,

and N. flavipes spec. nov., and paratypes of all the new species, of Myzocallis edwardsi

Laing, and of Neuguenaphis michelbacheri Essig.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I am very much obliged to Dr. Evert I. Schlinger, Riverside, California, for letting me

study the excellently preserved and very rich material of Newquenaphis that he collected;

to Dr. Paul H. Arnaud of the California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, for the

lion for the type of Neugwenaphis chilensis Essig; to Dr. J. P. Doncaster and Dr. V. F.

Eastop of the British Museum (Natural History), London, for the loan of material,

including some paratypes of Neuguenaphis edwardsi (Laing); to Dr. E. Zuniga, La Cruz,

Chile, for material of N. flavipes; to Dr. Robert C. Dickson, Riverside, California for

presorting the aphids collected by Dr. Schlinger; and to Mr. C. A. Koedam, of the

Institute for Phytopathological Research, Wageningen, for making the photographs in

this paper.

REFERENCES

Blanchard, E. E., 1939. Estudio sistematico de los Afidoideos Argentinos. Physis (Buenos Aires)

17: 858—1003.

Borner, C. & Heinze, K., 1957. Aphidina-Aphidoidea. In: Sorauer, Handbuch d. Pflanzenkrankheiten,

5, ed. 5, pars 4: 1—402.

Cottier, W., 1953. Aphids of New Zealand. New Zealand Dept. Sc. Ind. Res., Bull. 106 : 1—382.

Essig, E. O., 1953. Some new and noteworthy Aphidae from western and southern South America

(Hemiptera-Homoptera). Proc. Calif. Acad. Sc. (IV) 28: 59—164.

Heie, O. E., 1967. Studies on fossil aphids (Homoptera: Aphidoidea). Spolia Zool. Mus. Hauniensis

26: 7—273 and addenda.

Laing, F., 1927. An interesting aphid (new species) and a coccid from the Argentine republic. Rev.

Soc. Ent. Argentina 2: 23—26.

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TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 7, 1968 PLAAT 14

Fig. 1. N. sensoriata spec. nov., apterous viviparous female, X 26.5. Fig. 2. N. schlingeri spec. nov.

apterous viviparous female, X 22. Fig. 3. N. similis spec. nov., apterous viviparous female, X 26

Fig. 4. N. palliceps spec. nov., apterous viviparous female, X 22

D. Hire Ris LAMBERS: A study of Neuquenaphis

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 7, 1968 PLAAT 15

Fig. 5—8. N. bulbicauda spec. nov. 5. apterous viviparous female, X 26.5. 6. ovipara, X 26.5.

7. ovipara, sclerotic zones on sternites VI and VII, X 227. 8. ovipara, marginal processes with hairs

between left mid and hind femora, X 227

D. HırıE Ris LAMBERS: A study of Neuquenaphis

PLAAT 16

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIF, DEEL 111, AFL. 7, 1968

SI X ‘aqewaz o}eye BISST MIGIVG]IGILU NTI ‘SIA ‘CSI X ‘ajeuaF ayeye “AOU ‘Dads 2725405

‘ajewaj Jeje ©

-uas ‘NUTI ‘Sty ‘OC X

aou ‘dads sagzarif "N ‘OT ‘BiA “OL X ‘syewaz agege “aou ‘dads sdaszypwd ‘N ‘6 Si

Neuguenaphis

A study of

D. HILLE Ris LAMBERS :

PLAAT 17

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 7, 1968

gr X ‘oyew azeje “AOU “dads »pnv219/Hq "N OT

‘SIT ‘61 X (syuawormseaw JO ¢ ‘ou)

ajeuuoz ojeje ‘(SUIET) Wpwapa ‘N ‘ST ‘SIA CPL X ‘opewoy AJEJE "AOU ‘dads 4084011925 "N ‘VI ‘SII

"E X ‘(s}uswemnsvout Jo 9 ‘OU) Jeu; SNOJEdTAI

A snojajde ‘(Sure]) zspavmpa 'N ‘ET ‘SIA

A study of Neuquenaphis

D. Hire Ris LAMBERS :

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 7, 1968 PLAAT 18

Fig. 17. N. bulbicauda spec. nov., alate female, X 27.5. Fig. 18. N. chilensis Essig, alate female,

D. Hire Ris LAMBERS: A study of Neuquenaphis

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 7, 1968 PrAAT 9

Fig. 19—20. N. essigi spec. nov. 19. apterous viviparous female, X 23.5. 20. alate female, X 24

D. Hire Ris LAMBERS: A study of Neuquenaphis

* Een sterretje duidt een naam aan nieuw voor de wetenschap.

* An asterisk denotes a name new to science.

** Twee sterretjes duiden een naam aan van een soort nieuw voor de fauna.

** Two asterisks denote the name of a species new to the Netherlands fauna.

In dit register zijn niet opgenomen de volgende stukken, die een eigen register hebben op de

eronder aangegeven pagina:

From this index are omitted the following papers which have their own index on the page

indicated below:

1. N. S. Obraztsov. — Die Gattungen der Palaearktischen Tortricidae II. Die Unterfamilie Olethreu-

tinae, 8. Teil und Schluss, p. 1.

2. Fr. Chrysanthus, O. F. M. Cap. — Spiders from South New Guinea X, p. 49. Familienamen

zijn opgenomen. / Family names are included.

3. J. P. van Lith. — Contribution to the knowledge of Indo-Australian, etc.,

Psenini, etc., p. 89.

ACARI:

TROMBIDIFORMES

crocidurae 75, 79, 80, 81, 87,

[88

desmanae 75, 79, 80, 88

dimydis 88

pitymydis 88

Psorergates 75, 88

Psorergates subg. 75, 88

Psorergatidae 75

simplex 88

sorici 75, 79, 80, 85, 88

talpae 75, 79, 80, 87, 88

Trombidiformes 75

HYMENOPTERA

aegyptia 238

aemulum 239, 241, 247, 248

affine 224

affinis 223

andamanica 208

andamanicum 199, 208, 210

andemanicum 208

annulatum 254

annulatus 229, 254

arabs 185, 192, 232, 233

architectum 224

architectus 223

argentifrons 185, 197, 217,

[222, 228, 229

asiatica 226

asiaticum 185, 198, 219, 222,

[226—228, 253

assimile 185, 198, 217, 219,

1222822526 027

assimilis 225

benignum 241, 247

benignus 247

bilineatus 205

bimaculatus 226, 227, 253

caementaria 222

caementarium 185, 197,

[205, 217219) 222,

1223,224225 226

canadense 224

canadensis 223

caucasicum 233

caucasicus 233

cementarius 225

Chalybion 185, 187, 192, 193

chilense 228

chilensis 228

chinense 185, 239, 241, 244,

[245

complex 214, 215, 216

conspicillatum 199, 200, 210

conspicillatus 210

coromandelicum 185, 192,

[193

cygnorum 250, 251, 252

decipiens 214, 216

destillatoria 238

destillatorium 185, 200, 232,

[238

dispar 230

fasciatum 185, 197, 217, 219,

[222, 228, 229

fasciatus 228, 254

287

figulum 198, 226, 253

figulus 226, 228

fistulare 252

fistularium 185, 227, 232,

[252—254

fistularius 252

flavipes 222, 224

flavipunctata 222

flavomaculata 222

flavomaculatum 224

formosanum 185, 200, 204

fossuliferum 185, 197, 212,

[213, 214—216

tossuliferus 215

fulvohirtum 212, 213

fuscum 237, 254

fuscus 237

Hemichalybion 185, 187, 192,

[193

hemiptera 237, 254

hemiterum 185, 232, 237,

[254

histrio 252, 253

lamaicensis 229

Ichneumon 238

interruptus 205

intrudens 185, 193, 211, 212,

[244, 245, 246, 247, 248

jamaicense 185, 197, 217,

[222, 229, 230, 254

jamaicensis 229, 254

javanum 185, 193, 211, 212,

[232, 239 et seq.

javanus 244, 246, 247, 248

kohli 199, 200, 203, 204, 205

288

kohlii 203

laboriosum 239, 241, 249,

[250

laboriosus 249, 250

laetum 185, 232, 250—252

jaetus 2519252

lorentzi 249, 250

lucae 185, 1972177230

lugubre 205

lugubris 205

lunata 222

lunatum 224

lunatus 224

luzonensis 247

maderospatana 205

maderospatanum 205, 210

madraspatana 205

madraspatanum 185, 192,

[193, 199 et seq.,

[214, 233, 248

maindroni 185, 252

masaicum 214, 216

massaicum 216

nalandicum 239, 241, 244,

[248, 249

nicaraguanum 225

nigriventre 224

nigriventris 223

pectoralis 200

Pelopeus 219

Pelopoeus 187 et seq.

pensilis 238

petiolare 239, 241, 244, 245,

[246, 247, 248

pictum 199, 200, 203

pictus 203

pietschmanni 185, 187, 232,

[233

Prosceliphron 185, 192

quartinae 185, 193, 197, 212,

{2/13 214215, 216

quodi 237

sardonius 238

sardous 238

Sceliphron 185 et seq.

separatus 205

servillei 223, 224

sintangense 247

solieri 223, 224

Sphex 192, 200, 205, 222,

[223, 226, 229,

[237, 238, 254

spinolae 244

spirifex 185, 192, 200, 215,

[230 et seq.,

[233, 238, 249

sutteri 199, 200, 208, 211

tahitense 224

tahitensis 223

tenggarae 241, 248, 249

timorense 239, 249

transcaspicum 200

transcaspicus 200

trinacriensis 238

tubifex 199, 200

Vespa 254

vindex 226

voeltzkovii 216

voeltzkowii 214, 215, 216

ODONATA

Aeshna 139, 140, 141

Aeshnidae 139

Allopetalia 139

amata 138, 143, 150, 176

Basiaeschna 139

Boyeria 139

Brachytron 139

buehri 138, 143, 150, 154,

[180

decorata 143, 146, 158

Dolaeschna 141

elacatura 141, 143, 153, 168

foliacea 143, 149, 153, 169

Fonscolombia 139

furcillata 140

Gomphaeschna 139, 140, 144

Gomphaeschninae 139

Gynacantha 144

Heliaeschna 144

Hoplonaeschna

Jagoria 139, 140, 141

khasiana 143, 146, 156

Linaeschna 139, 142

maclachlani 139

martini 143, 145, 154

modiglianii 138, 140, 141,

[142, 143, 151, 166

Morbaeschna 140

muensteri 140

mutata 143, 151, 152, 178

nigripes 154

Oligoaeschna 137, 139, 140,

[143, 144

Oligoaeshna 141

petalura 143, 148, 150, 175

platyura 143, 151, 166

poeciloptera 138, 139, 140,

[141, 142, 143,

[145, 152, 161

polli 142

pryeri 138, 139, 140, 144,

[146, 159

TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR ENTOMOLOGIE, DEEL 111, AFL. 7, 1968

pyanan 138, 143, 146, 161

sumatrana 143, 150, 178

Triaeschna 140

uropetala 143, 149, 152, 171

venatrix 138, 143, 148, 153,

[181

venusta 143, 168

zambo 138, 143, 148, 164

HEMIPTERA, APHIDAE

bulbicauda 257, 260, 261,

[262, 263, 264 et seq.,

[274, 280, 286

Chaitophorus 260

chilensis 257, 262, 267

[et seq., 274, 286

edwardsi 257, 261, 263, 269

[et seq., 275, 277, 286

essigi 257, 258, 261, 262,

[263, 268, 269, 272

{et seq., 277, 286

flavipes 257, 261, 263, 271,

{274 et seq., 285, 286

michelbacheri 257, 258, 261,

[263, 269, 272, 274, 276,

[et seq., 285, 286

myzocallis 257, 260, 269, 286

Neuquenaphis 257 et seq.

palliceps 257, 261, 262, 263,

[278 et seq., 286

Paoliella 260

Periphyllus 260

schlingeri 257, 261, 262, 263,

[274, 281 et seq., 286

Sensoriaphis 260, 261

sensoriata 257, 261, 262, 282

[et seq., 285, 286

similis 257, 261, 263, 285,

[286

Spicaphis 257, 258, 260, 263,

[269, 272, 274, 286

takagii 261

Yamatocallis 261

ZOOGDIEREN

(GASTHEREN)

araneus 75

Crocidura 75, 83

europaea 75, 81

Galemys 75

pyrenaicus 75

russula 75, 83

Sorex 75

Talpa 75, 81